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Activism subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Activism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Early_years" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_years"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 Early years </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_years-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sea_Shepherd_Conservation_Society" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sea_Shepherd_Conservation_Society"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 Sea Shepherd Conservation Society </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sea_Shepherd_Conservation_Society-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_environmental_activities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_environmental_activities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3 Other environmental activities </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_environmental_activities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Writings_on_activism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Writings_on_activism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.4 Writings on activism </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Writings_on_activism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Controversy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Controversy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Controversy </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Controversy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Controversy subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Controversy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Separation_from_Greenpeace" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Separation_from_Greenpeace"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Separation from Greenpeace </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Separation_from_Greenpeace-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Charges_and_prosecutions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Charges_and_prosecutions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 Charges and prosecutions </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Charges_and_prosecutions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sierra_Club_immigration_stance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sierra_Club_immigration_stance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 Sierra Club immigration stance </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sierra_Club_immigration_stance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Anti-sealing_activities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Anti-sealing_activities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.4 Anti-sealing activities </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Anti-sealing_activities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Australian_visa_issues" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Australian_visa_issues"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.5 Australian visa issues </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Australian_visa_issues-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Alleged_shooting" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Alleged_shooting"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.6 Alleged shooting </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Alleged_shooting-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Accusations_of_terrorism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Accusations_of_terrorism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.7 Accusations of terrorism </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Accusations_of_terrorism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Comments_following_2011_Tohoku_earthquake_and_tsunami" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Comments_following_2011_Tohoku_earthquake_and_tsunami"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.8 Comments following 2011 Tohoku earthquake and tsunami </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Comments_following_2011_Tohoku_earthquake_and_tsunami-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Criticism_of_New_Zealand" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Criticism_of_New_Zealand"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.9 Criticism of New Zealand </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Criticism_of_New_Zealand-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Split_from_Sea_Shepherd" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Split_from_Sea_Shepherd"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.10 Split from Sea Shepherd </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Split_from_Sea_Shepherd-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reactions_to_activism_and_leadership" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reactions_to_activism_and_leadership"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Reactions to activism and leadership </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Reactions_to_activism_and_leadership-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Reactions to activism and leadership subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Reactions_to_activism_and_leadership-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Awards" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Awards"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 Awards </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Awards-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Media_portrayals" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Media_portrayals"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 Media portrayals </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Media_portrayals-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-List_of_works" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#List_of_works"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 List of works </div> </a> <ul id="toc-List_of_works-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Further reading </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of 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Available in 27 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-27" aria-hidden="true" > 27 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84_%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%86" title="بول واتسون – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بول واتسون" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Watson" title="Paul Watson – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Paul Watson" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Watson" title="Paul Watson – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Paul Watson" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Watson_(milj%C3%B8aktivist)" title="Paul Watson (miljøaktivist) – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Paul Watson (miljøaktivist)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Watson" title="Paul Watson – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Paul Watson" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Watson" title="Paul Watson – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Paul Watson" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Watson" title="Paul Watson – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Paul Watson" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%84_%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%86" title="پل واتسون – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پل واتسون" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Watson" title="Paul Watson – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Paul Watson" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%8F%B4_%EC%99%93%EC%8A%A8" title="폴 왓슨 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="폴 왓슨" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8A%D5%B8%D5%AC_%D5%88%D6%82%D5%B8%D5%A9%D5%BD%D5%B8%D5%B6" title="Պոլ Ուոթսոն – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Պոլ Ուոթսոն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Watson" title="Paul Watson – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Paul Watson" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ido</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Watson" title="Paul Watson – Igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Paul Watson" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="Igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Igbo</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Watson" title="Paul Watson – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Paul Watson" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Watson_(ambientalista)" title="Paul Watson (ambientalista) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Paul Watson (ambientalista)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84_%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%86_(%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%B7_%D9%85%D9%86_%D9%83%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7)" title="بول واتسون (ناشط من كندا) – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="بول واتسون (ناشط من كندا)" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Watson" title="Paul Watson – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Paul Watson" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9D%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BB%E3%83%AF%E3%83%88%E3%82%BD%E3%83%B3" title="ポール・ワトソン – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ポール・ワトソン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Watson" title="Paul Watson – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Paul Watson" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Watson" title="Paul Watson – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Paul Watson" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Watson" title="Paul Watson – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Paul Watson" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD,_%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB" title="Уотсон, Пол – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Уотсон, Пол" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Watson" title="Paul Watson – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Paul Watson" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Watson" title="Paul Watson – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Paul Watson" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Watson" title="Paul Watson – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Paul Watson" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB_%D0%92%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Пол Вотсон – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Пол Вотсон" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BF%9D%E7%BE%85%C2%B7%E6%B2%83%E6%A3%AE" title="保羅·沃森 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="保羅·沃森" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q201670#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a 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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Canadian environmental activist (born 1950)</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other people named Paul Watson, see <a href="/wiki/Paul_Watson_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Paul Watson (disambiguation)">Paul Watson (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Paul Watson</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Paul_Watson_portrait_(4x5_cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Paul_Watson_portrait_%284x5_cropped%29.jpg/220px-Paul_Watson_portrait_%284x5_cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="275" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Paul_Watson_portrait_%284x5_cropped%29.jpg/330px-Paul_Watson_portrait_%284x5_cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Paul_Watson_portrait_%284x5_cropped%29.jpg/440px-Paul_Watson_portrait_%284x5_cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2006" data-file-height="2504" /></a><div class="infobox-caption">Watson, with the <a href="/wiki/MY_Steve_Irwin" title="MY Steve Irwin">MY Steve Irwin</a> docked in Hobart, in 2009</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"> (1950-12-02) December 2, 1950 (age 73) <div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Toronto" title="Toronto">Toronto</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ontario" title="Ontario">Ontario</a>, Canada</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Citizenship</th><td class="infobox-data category"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_citizenship" class="mw-redirect" title="Canadian citizenship">Canadian</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/American_citizenship" class="mw-redirect" title="American citizenship">American</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupations</th><td class="infobox-data role"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Activist</li><li>television personality</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Known for</th><td class="infobox-data">Environmental, conservational and animal rights activism</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouses</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>Starlet Lum</li><li>Lisa DiStefano</li><li>Allison Lance (<abbr title="divorced">div.</abbr> <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 2008)<a href="#cite_note-NeptuneNavy-1">[1]</a></li><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;">Yana Rusinovich</div> <div style="display:inline-block;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 2015)</div></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">3</td></tr></tbody></table> Paul Franklin Watson (born December 2, 1950) is a <a href="/wiki/Canadian-American" class="mw-redirect" title="Canadian-American">Canadian-American</a> <a href="/wiki/Environmental_movement" title="Environmental movement">environmental</a>, conservation and <a href="/wiki/Animal_rights" title="Animal rights">animal rights</a> activist, who founded the <a href="/wiki/Sea_Shepherd_Conservation_Society" title="Sea Shepherd Conservation Society">Sea Shepherd Conservation Society</a>, an anti-poaching and <a href="/wiki/Direct_action" title="Direct action">direct action</a> group focused on <a href="/wiki/Marine_conservation_activism" title="Marine conservation activism">marine conservation activism</a>. The tactics used by Sea Shepherd have attracted opposition, with the group accused of <a href="/wiki/Eco-terrorism" title="Eco-terrorism">eco-terrorism</a> by both the <a href="/wiki/Japanese_government" class="mw-redirect" title="Japanese government">Japanese government</a> and <a href="/wiki/Greenpeace" title="Greenpeace">Greenpeace</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Telegraph_2009-04-17-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-HARDLINE-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a> Watson is a citizen of <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a> and the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>. Watson, a native of Toronto, has been an environmental activist since his teens. He joined a <a href="/wiki/Sierra_Club" title="Sierra Club">Sierra Club protest</a> against nuclear testing in 1969, and was involved in the early years of <a href="/wiki/Greenpeace" title="Greenpeace">Greenpeace</a>. Because Watson argued for a strategy of direct action that conflicted with the Greenpeace interpretation of <a href="/wiki/Nonviolence" title="Nonviolence">nonviolence</a>, he was ousted from the board in 1977. Greenpeace has since stated that Watson was an influential early member, but not one of the founders of Greenpeace.<a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a> That same year, he formed the Sea Shepherd Conservation Society. The group was the subject of a reality show named <a href="/wiki/Whale_Wars" title="Whale Wars">Whale Wars</a>. He promotes <a href="/wiki/Vegan_diet" class="mw-redirect" title="Vegan diet">veganism</a>,<a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a> <a href="/wiki/Population_control" title="Population control">population reduction</a> and a <a href="/wiki/Biocentrism_(ethics)" title="Biocentrism (ethics)">biocentric</a>, rather than <a href="/wiki/Anthropocentrism" title="Anthropocentrism">anthropocentric</a>, worldview.<a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a> Watson's activities have led to legal action from authorities in countries including the United States,<a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a> Canada, <a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway">Norway</a>, <a href="/wiki/Costa_Rica" title="Costa Rica">Costa Rica</a> and Japan. He was detained in <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a> on an <a href="/wiki/Extradition" title="Extradition">extradition</a> request by Costa Rica in May 2012. An <a href="/wiki/Interpol" title="Interpol">Interpol</a> <a href="/wiki/Interpol_notice#Notice_types" title="Interpol notice">red notice</a> was issued on September 14, 2012, at the request of <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a> and Costa Rica.<a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a> After staying at sea for 15 months following his escape from Germany, where he was released on bail, he returned to <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a> in late October 2013, going through customs and "was not arrested".<a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a> He appeared before a US appeals court on November 6, 2013, stating that neither he nor the Sea Shepherd Conservation Society violated a 2012 order requiring them to leave whaling vessels alone.<a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a> Although the United States is a signatory member of Interpol, Watson has not been detained for extradition to Japan or Costa Rica. He is living in <a href="/wiki/Vermont" title="Vermont">Vermont</a>, writing books.<a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a> He was residing in <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a> as of July 1, 2014, but has since returned to the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>.<a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a> In March 2019, Costa Rica dropped all charges against Watson and has removed the Interpol red notice.<a href="#cite_note-maritime-executive.com-15">[15]</a> He has created his own foundation, the Captain Paul Watson Foundation, as Sea Shepherd Conservation Society and the board of Sea Shepherd Global removed him. He has also left the executive office of the Australian branch.<a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a> In July 2024, Watson was detained in <a href="/wiki/Nuuk" title="Nuuk">Nuuk</a> by the Danish police, citing an Interpol red notice from Japan.<a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a> He was expected to stay in <a href="/wiki/Pre-trial_detention" title="Pre-trial detention">pre-trial detention</a> until 2nd October 2024;<a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a> Watson and the Captain Paul Watson Foundation have filed an appeal with the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_(Denmark)" title="Supreme Court (Denmark)">Supreme Court</a> to have the decision set aside.<a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a> On October 2, the Nuuk court ordered Paul Watson to remain in custody until October 23, pending the decision on his extradition by the Danish courts.<a href="#cite_note-det-21">[21]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_and_personal_life">Early and personal life</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Watson&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early and personal life">edit</a>]</div> According to the Sea Shepherd Conservation Society, Paul Watson was born in <a href="/wiki/Toronto" title="Toronto">Toronto</a>, the oldest child to Anthony Joseph Watson and Annamarie Larsen, and grew up in <a href="/wiki/St._Andrews,_New_Brunswick" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Andrews, New Brunswick">St. Andrews, New Brunswick</a>, along with two younger sisters and three younger brothers. As a child he was a member of the <a href="/wiki/Kindness_Club" title="Kindness Club">Kindness Club</a>, which he has credited with teaching him to "respect and defend animals".<a href="#cite_note-Watson-22">[22]</a> After working as a tour guide at <a href="/wiki/Expo_67" title="Expo 67">Expo 67</a>, the <a href="/wiki/World%27s_Fair" class="mw-redirect" title="World's Fair">World's Fair</a> that took place in <a href="/wiki/Montreal" title="Montreal">Montreal</a> in 1967, Watson moved to <a href="/wiki/Vancouver" title="Vancouver">Vancouver</a>.<a href="#cite_note-SS_Bio-23">[23]</a> According to the Sea Shepherd Conservation Society, in 1968 and the early 1970s, he joined the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Coast_Guard" title="Canadian Coast Guard">Canadian Coast Guard</a>, where he served aboard weatherships, <a href="/wiki/Search_and_rescue" title="Search and rescue">search and rescue</a> hovercraft, and buoy tenders. He signed up as a merchant seaman in 1969 with the <a href="/wiki/Norwegian_diplomatic_missions" class="mw-redirect" title="Norwegian diplomatic missions">Norwegian Consulate</a> in Vancouver and shipped out on the 30,000 ton bulk carrier Bris as a deckhand. The Bris was registered in Oslo, Norway, and manifested for the Indian Ocean and Pacific trade. In 1972 he shipped out of San Francisco on the 35,000 ton bulk Swedish carrier Jarl R. Trapp and manifested for the Indian Ocean and Pacific trade.<a href="#cite_note-SS_Bio-23">[23]</a> Watson has one daughter, Lilliolani (born 1980), with his first wife, Starlet Lum,<a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a> who was a founding director of Greenpeace Quebec,<a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a> Earthforce!, Project Wolf, and Sea Shepherd. His second wife, Lisa Distefano, a former Playboy model, was Sea Shepherd's Director of Operations during the <a href="/wiki/Makah_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Makah people">Makah</a> anti-whaling campaigns in Friday Harbor.<a href="#cite_note-NeptuneNavy-1">[1]</a> His third wife, Allison Lance, is an animal rights activist and a volunteer crew member of Sea Shepherd. Watson has two grandchildren.<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a><a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a><a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a> Watson married his fourth wife Yana Rusinovich on February 14, 2015, in Paris.<a href="#cite_note-Yana-29">[29]</a> Watson and Rusinovich have two sons.<a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a> Watson ran for parliament in Canada's federal elections twice.<a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Activism">Activism</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Watson&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Activism">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_years">Early years</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Watson&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Early years">edit</a>]</div> In October 1969, Watson joined a <a href="/wiki/Sierra_Club" title="Sierra Club">Sierra Club</a> protest against <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_testing" class="mw-redirect" title="Nuclear testing">nuclear testing</a> at <a href="/wiki/Amchitka_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Amchitka Island">Amchitka Island</a>. The group which formed as a result of that protest was the <a href="/wiki/Don%27t_Make_a_Wave_Committee" title="Don't Make a Wave Committee">Don't Make a Wave Committee</a>, which evolved into the group known today as <a href="/wiki/Greenpeace" title="Greenpeace">Greenpeace</a>.<a href="#cite_note-GreenpeaceHistory-32">[32]</a> In the early 1970s, Watson was also active with the Vancouver Liberation Front and the Vancouver Yippies.<a href="#cite_note-Larry_Gambone_page_97-33">[33]</a> Watson sailed as a crew member aboard the Greenpeace Too! ship in 1971<a href="#cite_note-Tribute-34">[34]</a> and skippered the Greenpeace boat Astral in 1972.<a href="#cite_note-SS_Bio-23">[23]</a> Paul Watson continued as a crew member, skipper, and officer aboard several Greenpeace voyages throughout the mid-1970s. According to <a href="/wiki/The_New_Yorker" title="The New Yorker">The New Yorker</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>, and other sources,<a href="#cite_note-NeptuneNavy-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-GreenpeaceSeaShepherdHistory-35">[35]</a><a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a><a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a> Watson was a founding member of Greenpeace, but the organization denies this stating he "was an influential early member but not, as he sometimes claims, a founder."<a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a> <a href="/wiki/Greenpeace" title="Greenpeace">Greenpeace</a> claims that Watson joined Greenpeace on its <a href="/wiki/Amchitka" title="Amchitka">Amchitka</a> expedition, which they claim to be their second expedition, but Paul Watson claims that this was Greenpeace's first meeting.<a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sea_Shepherd_Conservation_Society">Sea Shepherd Conservation Society</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Watson&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Sea Shepherd Conservation Society">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Sea_Shepherd_Conservation_Society" title="Sea Shepherd Conservation Society">Sea Shepherd Conservation Society</a></div> The first Sea Shepherd vessel, the Sea Shepherd, was purchased in December 1978 with assistance from the Fund for Animals and the Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals.<a href="#cite_note-Tribute-34">[34]</a><a href="#cite_note-AT_LARGE-40">[40]</a> Sea Shepherd soon established itself as one of the more controversial environmental groups, known for provocative <a href="/wiki/Direct_action" title="Direct action">direct action</a> tactics. These tactics have included throwing objects onto the decks of whaling ships, the use of "<a href="/wiki/Foul_(nautical)" title="Foul (nautical)">prop foulers</a>" in an attempt to sabotage the ships, boarding whaling vessels,<a href="#cite_note-Japan-41">[41]</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Scuttling" title="Scuttling">scuttling</a> of two ships in an <a href="/wiki/Iceland" title="Iceland">Icelandic</a> harbor.<a href="#cite_note-Iceland-42">[42]</a> In January 2013, Watson relinquished captaincy of the Steve Irwin.<a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a> The organization and its activities to halt whaling are the focus of a reality TV series, <a href="/wiki/Whale_Wars" title="Whale Wars">Whale Wars</a>, airing on <a href="/wiki/Animal_Planet" title="Animal Planet">Animal Planet</a>. In 2010, Watson personally received more than $120,000 from Sea Shepherd.<a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a> Because of mounting legal complications, Watson stepped down as head of the Sea Shepherd Conservation Society in 2013, to abide by an injunction barring him from proximity with Japanese whaling ships. After the resolution of legal issues involving the Japanese <a href="/wiki/Institute_for_Cetacean_Research" class="mw-redirect" title="Institute for Cetacean Research">Institute for Cetacean Research</a>, Watson returned as President of the Sea Shepherd Conservation Society and Commander of the Sea Shepherd fleet.<a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a> Watson eventually left Sea Shephard for good on September 3, 2022. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_environmental_activities">Other environmental activities</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Watson&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Other environmental activities">edit</a>]</div> Watson was a field correspondent for <a href="/wiki/Defenders_of_Wildlife" title="Defenders of Wildlife">Defenders of Wildlife</a> from 1976 to 1980 and a field representative for the <a href="/wiki/Fund_for_Animals" class="mw-redirect" title="Fund for Animals">Fund for Animals</a> from 1978 to 1981.<a href="#cite_note-Tribute-34">[34]</a> Watson also was a co-founder of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Friends_of_the_Wolf&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Friends of the Wolf (page does not exist)">Friends of the Wolf</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Earthforce_Environmental_Society&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Earthforce Environmental Society (page does not exist)">Earthforce Environmental Society</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Tribute-34">[34]</a> During the 1980s, Watson declared his support for <a href="/wiki/Earth_First!" title="Earth First!">Earth First!</a> and cultivated friendships with <a href="/wiki/David_Foreman" title="David Foreman">David Foreman</a> and <a href="/wiki/Edward_Abbey" title="Edward Abbey">Edward Abbey</a>. He proclaimed Sea Shepherd to be the "navy" of Earth First! According to The New Yorker, Watson revived the 19th-century practice of <a href="/wiki/Tree_spiking" title="Tree spiking">tree spiking</a>.<a href="#cite_note-NeptuneNavy-1">[1]</a> Watson worked with the <a href="/wiki/Green_Party_of_British_Columbia" title="Green Party of British Columbia">Green Party of British Columbia</a> in Vancouver in the 1980s and 90s.<a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a> He ran for mayor in 1996, placing fourth.<a href="#cite_note-1996_election-47">[47]</a> In April 2003, Watson was elected to the board of directors of the <a href="/wiki/Sierra_Club" title="Sierra Club">Sierra Club</a> for a three-year term.<a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a> In 2006, he did not seek re-election. He resigned from the board a month before his term ended, in protest against the organization's sponsorship of a "Why I Hunt" essay contest.<a href="#cite_note-ss1-49">[49]</a> In January 2008, Paul Watson was named by <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a> as one of its "50 people who could save the planet" for the work of the Sea Shepherd Conservation Society.<a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Writings_on_activism">Writings on activism</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Watson&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Writings on activism">edit</a>]</div> Watson published Earthforce!, a guide to strategy for environmental activists in 1993.<a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a> In it, he specifically endorsed the tactics of "<a href="/wiki/Sabotage" title="Sabotage">monkeywrenching</a>" previously described by Dave Foreman<a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a> and Edward Abbey.<a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a> According to Foreman in Eco-Defense—The Field Guide to Monkey-Wrenching— these are tactics of sabotage, covert activity, and direct action.<a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a> Watson says he incorporated his own personal experience in writing the book.<a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a> In Earthforce! An Earth Warrior's Guide to Strategy, Watson expressed disdain for the truthfulness of mainstream media: <blockquote>The nature of the mass media today is such that the truth is irrelevant. What is true and what is right to the general public is what is defined as true and right by the mass media. <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a> understood that the facts are not relevant. The media reported what he said as fact. Follow-up investigation was "old news." A headline comment on Monday's newspaper far outweighs the revelation of inaccuracy revealed in a small box inside the paper on Tuesday or Wednesday.<a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a></blockquote> Watson was explicit about what he perceived to be the lack of truthfulness in mass media: "If you do not know an answer, a fact, or a statistic, then simply follow the example of an American President and do as Ronald Reagan did—make it up on the spot and deliver the information confidently and without hesitation."<a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a><a href="#cite_note-58">[58]</a> In a subsequent book, Ocean Warrior, Watson expanded on this view, saying: "Survival in a media culture meant developing the skills to understand and manipulate media to achieve strategic objectives."<a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a> In 2007 Watson explained his view of needed population control and the future for humans given their role in the <a href="/wiki/Holocene_extinction" title="Holocene extinction">Holocene extinction</a>, which he refers to as the "Holocenic hominid collective suicide event": <blockquote>Today, escalating human populations have vastly exceeded global carrying capacity and now produce massive quantities of solid, liquid, and gaseous waste [...] No human community should be larger than 20,000 people and separated from other communities by wilderness areas [...] We need to radically and intelligently reduce human populations to fewer than one billion [...] Curing a body of cancer requires radical and invasive therapy, and therefore, curing the biosphere of the human virus will also require a radical and invasive approach [...] Who should have children? Those who are responsible and completely dedicated to the responsibility which is actually a very small percentage of humans.<a href="#cite_note-seashepherdOrgWatson-60">[60]</a></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Controversy">Controversy</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Watson&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Controversy">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Sea_Shepherd_Conservation_Society_operations" title="Sea Shepherd Conservation Society operations">Sea Shepherd Conservation Society operations</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Separation_from_Greenpeace">Separation from Greenpeace</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Watson&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Separation from Greenpeace">edit</a>]</div> Paul Watson continued as a crew member, officer, and skipper (in 1972) aboard several Greenpeace voyages throughout the mid-1970s. He considers himself a founding member of <a href="/wiki/Greenpeace" title="Greenpeace">Greenpeace</a> and <a href="/wiki/Greenpeace_International" class="mw-redirect" title="Greenpeace International">Greenpeace International</a>, a claim Greenpeace disputes despite being pointed out in the documentary, <a href="/wiki/How_to_Change_the_World_(film)" title="How to Change the World (film)">How to Change the World</a><a href="#cite_note-61">[61]</a> which shows that Watson was indeed one of the original founding members of Greenpeace.<a href="#cite_note-watson:founders-62">[62]</a><a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a> Watson has since accused Greenpeace of rewriting their history.<a href="#cite_note-watson:founders-62">[62]</a> In 1977, Watson was expelled from the Greenpeace's board of directors by a vote of 11 to 1<a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a><a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a> (Watson himself cast the single vote against it). The group felt his strong, "front and center" personality and frequently voiced opposition to Greenpeace's interpretation of "<a href="/wiki/Nonviolence" title="Nonviolence">nonviolence</a>" were too divisive.<a href="#cite_note-SBindependent-66">[66]</a> Watson subsequently left the group. The group has since labeled his actions at the time as those of a "mutineer" within their ranks.<a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a><a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a> That same year, he founded his own group, the Sea Shepherd Conservation Society.<a href="#cite_note-NEVER-69">[69]</a> During an interview in 1978 with <a href="/wiki/CBC_Radio" title="CBC Radio">CBC Radio</a>, Watson spoke out against Greenpeace (as well as other organizations) and their role and motives for the anti-sealing campaigns.<a href="#cite_note-CBC_Radio-70">[70]</a> Watson accused these organizations of campaigning against the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_seal_hunt" class="mw-redirect" title="Canadian seal hunt">Canadian seal hunt</a> because it is an easy way to raise money and it is a profit maker for the organizations.<a href="#cite_note-CBC_Radio-70">[70]</a> Greenpeace has called Watson a violent extremist and will no longer comment on his activities.<a href="#cite_note-Telegraph_2009-04-17-2">[2]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Charges_and_prosecutions">Charges and prosecutions</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Watson&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Charges and prosecutions">edit</a>]</div> Watson was sentenced to 10 days in prison and fined $8,000 for his actions during a Canadian seal hunt protest in 1980, after being convicted of assaulting a fisheries officer. Watson served his sentence at <a href="/wiki/Her_Majesty%27s_Penitentiary" title="Her Majesty's Penitentiary">Her Majesty's Penitentiary</a>, <a href="/wiki/St._John%27s,_Newfoundland_and_Labrador" title="St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador">St. John's</a>, <a href="/wiki/Newfoundland_and_Labrador" title="Newfoundland and Labrador">Newfoundland and Labrador</a>. He was also found guilty under the Seal Protection Act for painting harp seal pups with red dye to devalue their pelts.<a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a> Watson was arrested in 1993 in Canada on charges stemming from actions against <a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuban</a> and Spanish fishing boats off the coast of Newfoundland.<a href="#cite_note-guardian.uk-72">[72]</a> In 1997, Watson was convicted <a href="/wiki/Trial_in_absentia" title="Trial in absentia">in absentia</a><a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a> and sentenced to serve 120 days in jail by a court in <a href="/wiki/Lofoten" title="Lofoten">Lofoten</a>, Norway, on charges of attempting to sink the small scale Norwegian fishing and whaling vessel Nybrænna on December 26, 1992.<a href="#cite_note-db-74">[74]</a><a href="#cite_note-75">[75]</a> Dutch authorities refused to hand him over to Norwegian authorities although he did spend 80 days in detention in the Netherlands pending a ruling on extradition before being released.<a href="#cite_note-db-74">[74]</a> There have not been any successful attempts at prosecuting Watson for his activities with Sea Shepherd since the trial in Newfoundland. Watson defends his actions as falling within <a href="/wiki/International_law" title="International law">international law</a>, in particular Sea Shepherd's right to enforce <a href="/wiki/Maritime_law" class="mw-redirect" title="Maritime law">maritime</a> regulations against illegal whalers and sealers.<a href="#cite_note-independent.uk-76">[76]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Paul_watson_protest_crop.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Paul_watson_protest_crop.jpg/220px-Paul_watson_protest_crop.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="246" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Paul_watson_protest_crop.jpg/330px-Paul_watson_protest_crop.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Paul_watson_protest_crop.jpg/440px-Paul_watson_protest_crop.jpg 2x" data-file-width="488" data-file-height="545" /></a><figcaption>Paul Watson leads protest against Makah whaling, <a href="/wiki/Port_Angeles,_Washington" title="Port Angeles, Washington">Port Angeles, Washington</a>, 1998.</figcaption></figure> Sea Shepherd activists <a href="/wiki/Rod_Coronado" title="Rod Coronado">Rod Coronado</a> and David Howitt went to <a href="/wiki/Iceland" title="Iceland">Iceland</a> in 1986 and scuttled two whaling ships in port at <a href="/wiki/Reykjav%C3%ADk" title="Reykjavík">Reykjavík</a> and also damaged a whale meat processing factory. Watson took responsibility for the operation, abiding by published Sea Shepherd principles.<a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a> He went to Iceland saying, "I am responsible for all activities undertaken in the name of Sea Shepherd Conservation Society. I give the orders."<a href="#cite_note-78">[78]</a> He was deported without being charged and is considered a <a href="/wiki/Persona_non_grata" title="Persona non grata">persona non grata</a> by Iceland.<a href="#cite_note-79">[79]</a><a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a> In April 2010 the <a href="/wiki/Japanese_Coast_Guard" class="mw-redirect" title="Japanese Coast Guard">Japanese Coast Guard</a> obtained an arrest warrant for Watson "...on suspicion of ordering sabotage activities against Japan's whaling fleet",<a href="#cite_note-81">[81]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Interpol" title="Interpol">Interpol</a> has listed him as wanted at the request of Japan. The red notice has the charges issued by Japan as, "Breaking into the Vessel, Damage to Property, Forcible Obstruction of Business, Injury".<a href="#cite_note-82">[82]</a> In March 2012 Interpol issued a "written statement to all 190 member countries making it clear that it would not publish a Red Notice" for the detention of Watson,<a href="#cite_note-83">[83]</a> but reversed that position in September 2012.<a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a> In both statements Interpol stated that a "Red Notice is not an international arrest warrant" that it is "a request for any country to identify or locate an individual with a view to their provisional arrest and extradition in accordance with the country's national laws". <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Free_Paul_Watson_sign.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Free_Paul_Watson_sign.JPG/220px-Free_Paul_Watson_sign.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Free_Paul_Watson_sign.JPG/330px-Free_Paul_Watson_sign.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Free_Paul_Watson_sign.JPG/440px-Free_Paul_Watson_sign.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>A sign calling for the dropping of charges against Watson</figcaption></figure> In May 2012 Watson was detained by German authorities at Frankfurt Airport because of a request from the government of Costa Rica. The charge stemmed from an altercation at sea in 2002 in which Sea Shepherd said that the other vessel was illegally <a href="/wiki/Shark_finning" title="Shark finning">shark finning</a> in Guatemalan waters. Crew members of the other ship accused Sea Shepherd of trying to kill them.<a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a><a href="#cite_note-86">[86]</a> Watson was charged with violating navigational regulations with the Interpol alert stating the charge as peligro de naufragio ("danger of shipwreck").<a href="#cite_note-87">[87]</a><a href="#cite_note-88">[88]</a> The conflict took place during filming for the documentary <a href="/wiki/Sharkwater" title="Sharkwater">Sharkwater</a> and the charges were dropped by prosecutors after video of the incident made by the documentary film makers was shown.<a href="#cite_note-89">[89]</a> On May 21, Watson was released on bail of €250,000 but required to report to police in Frankfurt on a daily basis.<a href="#cite_note-90">[90]</a><a href="#cite_note-91">[91]</a> In June, Costa Rica formally requested Watson's extradition from Germany.<a href="#cite_note-92">[92]</a> On July 19, 2012, Japan applied for an extradition order<a href="#cite_note-93">[93]</a> and Watson left Germany,<a href="#cite_note-94">[94]</a> resulting in a German court ordering his immediate re-arrest.<a href="#cite_note-95">[95]</a> It is understood the statute of limitations on his Costa Rican charges was set to expire in June 2013.<a href="#cite_note-96">[96]</a> On August 7, 2012, <a href="/wiki/Interpol" title="Interpol">Interpol</a> renewed the Red Notice for Watson on the charges of "causing a danger of drowning or of an air disaster" laid by Costa Rica.<a href="#cite_note-97">[97]</a> It was reported that Watson would come out of hiding to join Sea Shepherd in the 2012–13 campaign against Japanese whaling.<a href="#cite_note-98">[98]</a> Watson rejoined the crew of the Steve Irwin in the South Pacific in late November 2012.<a href="#cite_note-99">[99]</a> In March 2019, Costa Rica dropped all charges against Watson and has removed the Interpol red notice.<a href="#cite_note-maritime-executive.com-15">[15]</a> On July 21, 2024, he was arrested in Greenland by Danish authorities due to the red notice issued by Japan against him in 2012. His arrest was announced by Neptune's Pirates. The organization criticizes this decision, arguing that "after having been posted online for years, the notice had recently disappeared from the Interpol website, leading Paul Watson and his lawyers to believe that he was now free of his movements”.<a href="#cite_note-100">[100]</a> On October 2, the Nuuk court ordered Paul Watson to remain in custody until October 23, in order to ensure his presence in the context of the extradition decision by the Danish courts.<a href="#cite_note-det-21">[21]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sierra_Club_immigration_stance">Sierra Club immigration stance</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Watson&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Sierra Club immigration stance">edit</a>]</div> In 1999, Watson ran unsuccessfully for election to the national <a href="/wiki/Sierra_Club" title="Sierra Club">Sierra Club</a> Board of Directors, with the backing of the anti-immigration faction Sierrans for US Population Stabilization (SUSPS).<a href="#cite_note-101">[101]</a> After his election to the board in 2003, Watson supported an unsuccessful slate of candidates supporting strict immigration controls as an element of a population stabilization policy. This effort was denounced by another candidate in the election, <a href="/wiki/Morris_Dees" title="Morris Dees">Morris Dees</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Southern_Poverty_Law_Center" title="Southern Poverty Law Center">Southern Poverty Law Center</a>, as a "hostile takeover" attempt by "radical anti-immigrant activists."<a href="#cite_note-102">[102]</a> Watson responded by saying that the only change he was seeking in the organization's immigration stance was to restore the position it had held before its 1996 "neutrality policy."<a href="#cite_note-103">[103]</a> Watson left the Sierra Club board in 2006.<a href="#cite_note-104">[104]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Anti-sealing_activities">Anti-sealing activities</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Watson&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Anti-sealing activities">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Sea_Shepherd_Conservation_Society_operations#Sealing_(1979–present)" title="Sea Shepherd Conservation Society operations">Sea Shepherd Conservation Society operations and the annual Canadian seal hunt</a></div> In April 2008, Watson stated that, while the deaths of three Canadian <a href="/wiki/Seal_hunting" title="Seal hunting">seal hunters</a> (a fourth one is still missing) in a marine accident involving a Canadian Coast Guard vessel and a fishing boat during the <a href="/wiki/2008_Canadian_Commercial_Seal_Hunt" class="mw-redirect" title="2008 Canadian Commercial Seal Hunt">2008 Canadian Commercial Seal Hunt</a> were a tragedy, he felt that the slaughter of hundreds of thousands of seals is an even greater tragedy. <a href="/wiki/Fisheries_and_Oceans_Canada" title="Fisheries and Oceans Canada">Canadian Federal Fisheries Minister</a> <a href="/wiki/Loyola_Hearn" title="Loyola Hearn">Loyola Hearn</a> accused Watson of trivializing the memory of the lost sealers.<a href="#cite_note-105">[105]</a> Watson replied that Hearn was trying to distract attention from his government's incompetence as the boat the men were on capsized while under tow by a Canadian Coast Guard vessel, while his political ambitions continued to support and subsidize an industry that had no place in the 21st century.<a href="#cite_note-106">[106]</a> In 1978, Watson expressed opposition to seal hunt protest organization, suggesting in an interview with <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Broadcasting_Corporation" title="Canadian Broadcasting Corporation">CBC</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Barbara_Frum" title="Barbara Frum">Barbara Frum</a> that saving seals is a cheap and easy fundraiser and that seals do not deserve special status over other species.<a href="#cite_note-107">[107]</a><a href="#cite_note-108">[108]</a> Newfoundland and Labrador Premier <a href="/wiki/Danny_Williams_(Canadian_politician)" title="Danny Williams (Canadian politician)">Danny Williams</a> was quoted as saying, "I think what a lot of people don't realize is that this man is a terrorist."<a href="#cite_note-109">[109]</a><a href="#cite_note-CTV.ca_2008-04-14-110">[110]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Australian_visa_issues">Australian visa issues</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Watson&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Australian visa issues">edit</a>]</div> In October 2009, Watson, who carries a US passport,<a href="#cite_note-111">[111]</a> complained to media outlets about having his request for an Australian visa denied. He states that the Australian government was attempting to sabotage the upcoming 2010 <a href="/wiki/Sea_Shepherd_Conservation_Society" title="Sea Shepherd Conservation Society">Sea Shepherd</a> campaign by denying him entry into the country. Watson and several other shipmates were also unable to join the Steve Irwin on its promotional tour of Australia until they were able to provide documentation from the governments of the United States, Canada and Norway, exonerating them from previously claimed acts of violence, specifically claims by Sea Shepherd of intentionally sinking a ship in Norway.<a href="#cite_note-112">[112]</a><a href="#cite_note-113">[113]</a><a href="#cite_note-114">[114]</a><a href="#cite_note-115">[115]</a> In January 2013, Paul Watson was presented with an <a href="/wiki/Aboriginal_passport" title="Aboriginal passport">Aboriginal passport</a> (classified as a fantasy passport and not recognised by the Australian government) by the Krautungalung people of the Gunnai Nation.<a href="#cite_note-116">[116]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Alleged_shooting">Alleged shooting</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Watson&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Alleged shooting">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Sea_Shepherd_Conservation_Society_operations#Whaling_(1979–present)" title="Sea Shepherd Conservation Society operations">Sea Shepherd Conservation Society anti-whaling operations</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Paul_Watson_2005.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Paul_Watson_2005.jpg/220px-Paul_Watson_2005.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Paul_Watson_2005.jpg/330px-Paul_Watson_2005.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Paul_Watson_2005.jpg/440px-Paul_Watson_2005.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="332" /></a><figcaption>Paul Watson and the <a href="/wiki/RV_Farley_Mowat" title="RV Farley Mowat">Farley Mowat</a> crew in 2005</figcaption></figure> On March 17, 2008, Watson said that he was shot by the Japanese crew or coast guard personnel during the <a href="/wiki/Operation_Migaloo" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Migaloo">Operation Migaloo</a> <a href="/wiki/Anti-whaling" title="Anti-whaling">anti-whaling</a> campaign in the <a href="/wiki/Southern_Ocean" title="Southern Ocean">Southern Ocean</a>. The incident is documented during the season finale of season 1 of the <a href="/wiki/Whale_Wars" title="Whale Wars">Whale Wars</a> TV reality show, and the first six episodes are covered as a buildup to what is portrayed as the major incident during the campaign. The Japanese respond by throwing <a href="/wiki/Stun_grenade" title="Stun grenade">stun grenades</a>, one crew member is injured from a grenade detonating close behind him and another injured trying to escape the explosions.<a href="#cite_note-smh20080307-117">[117]</a> Watson is then shown reaching inside his jacket and body armour and remarking "I've been hit." Back inside the bridge of the Steve Irwin, a metal fragment is found inside the vest.<a href="#cite_note-BBC_2008-03-07-118">[118]</a> The Japanese <a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Cetacean_Research" title="Institute of Cetacean Research">Institute of Cetacean Research</a> disputes Sea Shepherd's statements. The Institute and Coast Guard said that they used seven stun grenades designed to temporarily debilitate a target by rendering them blind and deaf for a period of time.<a href="#cite_note-smh20080307-117">[117]</a> The Japanese government also alleged that the whalers launched "noise balls", described as "loud explosive deterrent devices".<a href="#cite_note-119">[119]</a> Neither of the two conflicting accounts have been independently verified. The Australian Foreign Affairs Department had condemned "actions by crew members of any vessel that cause injury". Two media releases were made on the same day from the office. One said that the Australian Embassy in Tokyo had been informed by the Japanese that the whalers had "fired warning shots"<a href="#cite_note-120">[120]</a> while the updated version used the phrase "'warning balls' – also known as 'flashbangs' – had been fired".<a href="#cite_note-121">[121]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Accusations_of_terrorism">Accusations of terrorism</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Watson&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Accusations of terrorism">edit</a>]</div> Watson has been called an <a href="/wiki/Eco-terrorism" title="Eco-terrorism">eco-terrorist</a> by the Japanese government for his direct action tactics against whalers, and it repeated its position after conflicts during the 2009–10 whaling season.<a href="#cite_note-Telegraph_2009-04-17-2">[2]</a> At an animal rights convention in 2002, Paul Watson was also quoted as saying, "There's nothing wrong with being a terrorist, as long as you win. Then you write the history".<a href="#cite_note-122">[122]</a> In 2010, <a href="/wiki/Fox_News" title="Fox News">Fox News</a> commentator <a href="/wiki/Glenn_Beck" title="Glenn Beck">Glenn Beck</a> also discussed the comment, criticizing Watson's views.<a href="#cite_note-123">[123]</a> Watson responded to Beck's comments on the official Sea Shepherd website by stating that he had said that but that it was taken out of context, paraphrasing <a href="/wiki/Gerald_Seymour" title="Gerald Seymour">Gerald Seymour</a>'s "One man's terrorist is another's freedom fighter".<a href="#cite_note-124">[124]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Comments_following_2011_Tohoku_earthquake_and_tsunami">Comments following 2011 Tohoku earthquake and tsunami</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Watson&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Comments following 2011 Tohoku earthquake and tsunami">edit</a>]</div> Watson was criticized for his poem published immediately following the <a href="/wiki/2011_T%C5%8Dhoku_earthquake_and_tsunami" title="2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami">2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami</a> which suggested the disaster was <a href="/wiki/Neptune_(mythology)" title="Neptune (mythology)">Neptune's</a> anger.<a href="#cite_note-125">[125]</a><a href="#cite_note-126">[126]</a> Watson responded to critics with a commentary on the Sea Shepherd website expressing "deepest concern and sympathy for the people of Japan who are suffering through one of the worst natural disasters in the history of civilization".<a href="#cite_note-127">[127]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Criticism_of_New_Zealand">Criticism of New Zealand</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Watson&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Criticism of New Zealand">edit</a>]</div> In 2013, three <a href="/wiki/Sea_Shepherd_Conservation_Society" title="Sea Shepherd Conservation Society">Sea Shepherd Conservation Society</a> ships docked in New Zealand and were searched by New Zealand authorities to see if Watson was aboard. He was not, having transferred to another ship in international waters, aware New Zealand was required to notify <a href="/wiki/Interpol" title="Interpol">Interpol</a> if he entered the country. Watson criticised the search, accusing New Zealand of siding with Japan on the issue of whaling in the <a href="/wiki/Southern_Ocean" title="Southern Ocean">Southern Ocean</a>.<a href="#cite_note-128">[128]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Split_from_Sea_Shepherd">Split from Sea Shepherd</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Watson&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Split from Sea Shepherd">edit</a>]</div> On September 3, 2022, Watson announced that he was leaving Sea Shepherd and setting up a new organisation, the Captain Paul Watson Foundation. Watson said "the reason I called it that is because it's pretty hard for anyone to infiltrate and take over an organisation that included my name".<a href="#cite_note-129">[129]</a><a href="#cite_note-130">[130]</a> In December 2022 the foundation announced their first ship, 'the <a href="/wiki/John_Paul_Dejoria" class="mw-redirect" title="John Paul Dejoria">John Paul Dejoria</a> II'.<a href="#cite_note-131">[131]</a><a href="#cite_note-132">[132]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reactions_to_activism_and_leadership">Reactions to activism and leadership</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Watson&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Reactions to activism and leadership">edit</a>]</div> Watson has stated that he does not consider himself a 'protester', but an '<a href="/wiki/Interventionism_(politics)" title="Interventionism (politics)">interventionist</a>', as he considers protesting as too <a href="/wiki/Submissive" class="mw-redirect" title="Submissive">submissive</a>.<a href="#cite_note-DOWNED-133">[133]</a> He often takes the attitude that he represents (or stands in for) law enforcement which is either unwilling or unable to enforce existing laws.<a href="#cite_note-AT_LARGE-40">[40]</a> His leadership style has variously been called arrogant, as well as pushing himself too much "front and center", which was cited as one of the reasons for expulsion from Greenpeace. The atmosphere aboard his vessels has been compared to an "anarchy run by God".<a href="#cite_note-AT_LARGE-40">[40]</a> The former member of Sea Shepherd and captain of the <a href="/wiki/MY_Ady_Gil" title="MY Ady Gil">MY Ady Gil</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pete_Bethune" title="Pete Bethune">Pete Bethune</a>, described Watson as "morally bankrupt" who would order the intentional sinking of his own ships like the Ady Gil as a means to "garner sympathy with the public and to create better TV". Watson denied this, saying, "No one ordered him to scuttle it. Pete Bethune was captain of the Ady Gil; all decisions on the Ady Gil were his."<a href="#cite_note-134">[134]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Awards">Awards</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Watson&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Awards">edit</a>]</div> Paul Watson received the <a href="/wiki/Jules_Verne_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Jules Verne Award">Jules Verne Award</a> on October 10, 2012. He was the second person after Captain <a href="/wiki/Jacques_Cousteau" title="Jacques Cousteau">Jacques Cousteau</a> to be honored with a Jules Verne Award dedicated to environmentalists and adventurers.<a href="#cite_note-135">[135]</a> On June 28, 2010, Paul received the Asociación de Amigos del Museo de Anclas Philippe Cousteau: Defense of Marine Life Award, in recognition of his merits achieved by the work done in defense of marine life.<a href="#cite_note-136">[136]</a> In 2002, Paul was inducted into the US <a href="/wiki/Animal_Rights_Hall_of_Fame" class="mw-redirect" title="Animal Rights Hall of Fame">Animal Rights Hall of Fame</a> for his outstanding contributions to animal liberation.<a href="#cite_note-137">[137]</a> Paul received the George H. W. Bush Daily Points of Light Award in 1999 <a href="#cite_note-138">[138]</a> and in 2000, he was named one of Time Magazine's Top 20 Environmental Heroes of the 20th Century. On May 23, 2019, Paul Watson received an official commendation by Connecticut Governor <a href="/wiki/Ned_Lamont" title="Ned Lamont">Ned Lamont</a> stating that the "State of Connecticut conveyed both honor and recognition to Captain Paul Watson."<a href="#cite_note-139">[139]</a> In 2007 Watson received the Amazon Peace Prize presented by the Vice President of Ecuador <a href="/wiki/Lenin_Moreno" class="mw-redirect" title="Lenin Moreno">Lenin Moreno</a>.<a href="#cite_note-140">[140]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Media_portrayals">Media portrayals</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Watson&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Media portrayals">edit</a>]</div> A biographical documentary on Paul Watson's early life and background entitled Pirate for the Sea was produced by Ron Colby in 2008.<a href="#cite_note-141">[141]</a><a href="#cite_note-142">[142]</a><a href="#cite_note-143">[143]</a> The 2008 documentary <a href="/wiki/At_the_Edge_of_the_World_(2008_film)" title="At the Edge of the World (2008 film)">At the Edge of the World</a> chronicled the efforts of Watson and 45 volunteers to hinder the Japanese whaling fleet in the waters around Antarctica. In 2010, long time friend and filmmaker Peter Brown released the documentary Confessions of an Eco-Terrorist, a satirical look back at the last 30 years of actions.<a href="#cite_note-144">[144]</a> The documentary <a href="/wiki/Eco-Pirate:_The_Story_of_Paul_Watson" title="Eco-Pirate: The Story of Paul Watson">Eco-Pirate: The Story of Paul Watson</a> from 2011 features interviews and footage with early Greenpeace members <a href="/wiki/Rex_Weyler" title="Rex Weyler">Rex Weyler</a> and <a href="/wiki/Patrick_Moore_(consultant)" title="Patrick Moore (consultant)">Patrick Moore</a>.<a href="#cite_note-145">[145]</a> Watson, Whale Wars, and the Japanese whaling industry were satirized in the <a href="/wiki/South_Park" title="South Park">South Park</a> episode "<a href="/wiki/Whale_Whores" title="Whale Whores">Whale Whores</a>". In its fictional <a href="/wiki/Larry_King" title="Larry King">Larry King</a> show, Watson himself was called "an unorganized incompetent media whore who thought lying to everyone was OK as long as it served his cause" and "A smug, narcoleptic liar with no credibility".<a href="#cite_note-CMSwhale-146">[146]</a><a href="#cite_note-EWwhale-147">[147]</a><a href="#cite_note-148">[148]</a> Watson responded to the South Park episode by stating: "My understanding is that the Japanese Prime Minister was not amused and the whalers and dolphin killers are enraged at the way they were portrayed," Watson said. "That's music to my ears. If the humorless whale killers and the bank rollers of the dolphin killers did not like the show, then that's all I need to applaud it."<a href="#cite_note-SOUTHPARK-149">[149]</a> Watson was portrayed (along with whale biologist, Nan Hauser), during a <a href="/wiki/60_Minutes" title="60 Minutes">60 Minutes</a> episode<a href="#cite_note-150">[150]</a> that aired in 2013, as contributing to the return of the <a href="/wiki/Humpback_whale" title="Humpback whale">humpback whale</a> populations in the <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Ocean" title="Pacific Ocean">South Pacific</a>. The 2019 documentary film <a href="/wiki/Watson_(film)" title="Watson (film)">Watson</a>, directed by <a href="/wiki/Lesley_Chilcott" title="Lesley Chilcott">Lesley Chilcott</a>, features interviews with Watson. The film also aired on <a href="/wiki/Animal_Planet" title="Animal Planet">Animal Planet</a> on December 22, 2019.<a href="#cite_note-151">[151]</a><a href="#cite_note-152">[152]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="List_of_works">List of works</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Watson&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: List of works">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>Sea Shepherd: My Fight for Whales and Seals (1981) (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-393-01499-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-393-01499-1">0-393-01499-1</a>)</li> <li>Earthforce! An Earth Warrior's Guide to Strategy (1993) (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-9616019-5-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-9616019-5-7">0-9616019-5-7</a>)</li> <li>Ocean Warrior: My Battle to End the Illegal Slaughter on the High Seas (1994) (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-55013-599-6" title="Special:BookSources/1-55013-599-6">1-55013-599-6</a>)</li> <li>Seal Wars: Twenty-Five Years on the Front Lines With the Harp Seals (2002) (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-55297-751-X" title="Special:BookSources/1-55297-751-X">1-55297-751-X</a>)</li> <li>Contributor to Terrorists or Freedom Fighters?: Reflections on the Liberations of Animals (2004) (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-59056-054-X" title="Special:BookSources/1-59056-054-X">1-59056-054-X</a>)</li> <li>Earthforce! An Earth Warrior's Guide to Strategy 2nd Edition (2012) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-61419-016-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-61419-016-5">978-1-61419-016-5</a></li> <li>The War That Saved the Whales (2019) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-09600391-1-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-09600391-1-1">978-09600391-1-1</a></li> <li>Songs from the Southern Ocean (2020) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/979-8625175999" title="Special:BookSources/979-8625175999">979-8625175999</a></li> <li>The Haunted Mariner (2020) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1089213710" title="Special:BookSources/978-1089213710">978-1089213710</a></li> <li>Dealing with Climate Change and Stress (2020) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/979-8629972723" title="Special:BookSources/979-8629972723">979-8629972723</a></li> <li>Orcapedia (2020) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1570678264" title="Special:BookSources/978-1570678264">978-1570678264</a></li> <li>Desperate Mythologies: Theology, Ecology and the General Insanity of Humanity (2020) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/979-8643376071" title="Special:BookSources/979-8643376071">979-8643376071</a></li> <li>Death of a Whale (2021) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-57067-401-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-57067-401-3">978-1-57067-401-3</a></li> <li>URGENT! Save Our Ocean to Survive Climate Change (2021) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-57067-403-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-57067-403-7">978-1-57067-403-7</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Watson&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_conservationists" title="List of conservationists">List of conservationists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_vegans" title="List of vegans">List of vegans</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Watson&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-NeptuneNavy-1">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NeptuneNavy_1-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NeptuneNavy_1-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NeptuneNavy_1-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NeptuneNavy_1-3">d</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKhatchadourian2007" class="citation magazine cs1"><a href="/wiki/Raffi_Khatchadourian" title="Raffi Khatchadourian">Khatchadourian, Raffi</a> (November 5, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newyorker.com/reporting/2007/11/05/071105fa_fact_khatchadourian?currentPage=all">"Neptune's Navy: Paul Watson's Wild Crusade to Save the Oceans"</a>. The New Yorker. Retrieved March 30, 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+Yorker&rft.atitle=Neptune%27s+Navy%3A+Paul+Watson%27s+Wild+Crusade+to+Save+the+Oceans&rft.date=2007-11-05&rft.aulast=Khatchadourian&rft.aufirst=Raffi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newyorker.com%2Freporting%2F2007%2F11%2F05%2F071105fa_fact_khatchadourian%3FcurrentPage%3Dall&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Watson" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Telegraph_2009-04-17-2">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Telegraph_2009-04-17_2-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Telegraph_2009-04-17_2-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Telegraph_2009-04-17_2-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090420214019/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/earth/5166346/Paul-Watson-Sea-Shepherd-eco-warrior-fighting-to-stop-whaling-and-seal-hunts.html">"Paul Watson: Sea Shepherd eco-warrior fighting to stop whaling and seal hunts"</a>. The Daily Telegraph. London. April 17, 2009. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/earth/5166346/Paul-Watson-Sea-Shepherd-eco-warrior-fighting-to-stop-whaling-and-seal-hunts.html">the original</a> on April 20, 2009. Retrieved July 15, 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Paul+Watson%3A+Sea+Shepherd+eco-warrior+fighting+to+stop+whaling+and+seal+hunts&rft.date=2009-04-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fearth%2F5166346%2FPaul-Watson-Sea-Shepherd-eco-warrior-fighting-to-stop-whaling-and-seal-hunts.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Watson" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-HARDLINE-3"><a href="#cite_ref-HARDLINE_3-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/news/article.cfm?c_id=1&objectid=10619393">"Hardline warrior in war to save the whale"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_Zealand_Herald" title="The New Zealand Herald">The New Zealand Herald</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Observer" title="The Observer">The Observer</a>. January 11, 2010. Retrieved November 2, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+Zealand+Herald&rft.atitle=Hardline+warrior+in+war+to+save+the+whale&rft.date=2010-01-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nzherald.co.nz%2Fnz%2Fnews%2Farticle.cfm%3Fc_id%3D1%26objectid%3D10619393&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Watson" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/newfoundland-labrador/williams-assails-anti-sealing-activist-watson-as-terrorist-1.704272">"Williams assails anti-sealing activist Watson as 'terrorist'"</a>. Canada: CBC. April 14, 2008. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090705113550/http://www.cbc.ca/canada/newfoundland-labrador/story/2008/04/14/williams-watson.html">Archived</a> from the original on July 5, 2009. Retrieved October 31, 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Williams+assails+anti-sealing+activist+Watson+as+%27terrorist%27&rft.date=2008-04-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbc.ca%2Fnews%2Fcanada%2Fnewfoundland-labrador%2Fwilliams-assails-anti-sealing-activist-watson-as-terrorist-1.704272&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Watson" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.greenpeace.org/usa/en/news-and-blogs/news/paul-watson-sea-shepherd-and/">"Greenpeace: Paul Watson, Sea Shepherd and Greenpeace: some facts"</a>. Greenpeace. December 17, 2008. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140826061748/http://www.greenpeace.org/usa/en/news-and-blogs/news/paul-watson-sea-shepherd-and/">Archived</a> from the original on August 26, 2014. Retrieved November 22, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Greenpeace%3A+Paul+Watson%2C+Sea+Shepherd+and+Greenpeace%3A+some+facts&rft.pub=Greenpeace&rft.date=2008-12-17&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.greenpeace.org%2Fusa%2Fen%2Fnews-and-blogs%2Fnews%2Fpaul-watson-sea-shepherd-and%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Watson" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.animalsaustralia.org/media/opinion.php?op=42">"A Very Inconvenient Truth // Animals Australia"</a>. Animalsaustralia.org. Retrieved May 22, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+Very+Inconvenient+Truth+%2F%2F+Animals+Australia&rft.pub=Animalsaustralia.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.animalsaustralia.org%2Fmedia%2Fopinion.php%3Fop%3D42&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Watson" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201108140818/http://www.ecospherics.net/pages/wonw.htm">"About the Authors"</a>. Ecospherics.net. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ecospherics.net/pages/wonw.htm">the original</a> on November 8, 2020. Retrieved May 22, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=About+the+Authors&rft.pub=Ecospherics.net&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ecospherics.net%2Fpages%2Fwonw.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Watson" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDwyer2012" class="citation web cs1">Dwyer, Molly (December 17, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ca9.uscourts.gov/datastore/opinions/2012/12/17/12-35266.pdf">"Appeal from the United States District Court for the Western District of Washington Richard A. Jones, District Judge, Presiding"</a> (PDF). United States Court of Appeals. Retrieved January 5, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Appeal+from+the+United+States+District+Court+for+the+Western+District+of+Washington+Richard+A.+Jones%2C+District+Judge%2C+Presiding&rft.pub=United+States+Court+of+Appeals&rft.date=2012-12-17&rft.aulast=Dwyer&rft.aufirst=Molly&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ca9.uscourts.gov%2Fdatastore%2Fopinions%2F2012%2F12%2F17%2F12-35266.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Watson" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120920030056/http://www.interpol.int/News-and-media/News-media-releases/2012/N20120914">"N20120914 / 2012 / News & media releases / News and media / Internet / Home – INTERPOL"</a>. Interpol.int. September 14, 2012. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.interpol.int/News-and-media/News-media-releases/2012/N20120914">the original</a> on September 20, 2012. Retrieved August 22, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=N20120914+%2F+2012+%2F+News+%26+media+releases+%2F+News+and+media+%2F+Internet+%2F+Home+%E2%80%93+INTERPOL&rft.pub=Interpol.int&rft.date=2012-09-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.interpol.int%2FNews-and-media%2FNews-media-releases%2F2012%2FN20120914&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Watson" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/10/31/paul-watson-sea-shepherd-us_n_4183030.html">"Paul Watson, Sea Shepherd Founder, Disembarks In U.S. For First Time In Months"</a>. Huffingtonpost.com. October 31, 2013. 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Retrieved January 11, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=9News&rft.atitle=Activist+says+Sea+Shepherd+sank+its+own+ship&rft.date=2010-10-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.ninemsn.com.au%2Fworld%2F8101062%2FActivist-says-Sea-Shepherd-sank-its-own-ship&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Watson" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-135"><a href="#cite_ref-135">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131224110320/http://www.seashepherd.org/news-and-media/2012/10/16/captain-paul-watson-receives-jules-verne-award-1455">"Sea Shepherd Conservation Society :: Captain Paul Watson Receives Jules Verne Award"</a>. Seashepherd.org. October 16, 2012. 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Retrieved November 3, 2009. <q>On Wednesday night, the satirists from the cartoon show South Park took aim at the group (and Japanese whalers and, typically, everyone else) in an episode that they named, in their inevitably "classy" fashion, "Whale Whores."</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Christian+Science+Monitor&rft.atitle=South+Park+puts+spotlight+on+Paul+Watson+and+his+%22Whale+Wars%22&rft.date=2009-10-29&rft.aulast=Murphy&rft.aufirst=Dan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffeatures.csmonitor.com%2Fglobalnews%2F2009%2F10%2F29%2Fsouth-park-puts-spotlight-on-paul-watson-and-his-whale-wars&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Watson" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-EWwhale-147"><a href="#cite_ref-EWwhale_147-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTucker2009" class="citation magazine cs1">Tucker, Ken (October 29, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://watching-tv.ew.com/2009/10/29/south-park-and-whale-whores-lady-gaga">"'South Park' and 'Whale Whores': Lady Gaga and Entertainment Weekly harpooned, er, lampooned"</a>. <a href="/wiki/EW.com" class="mw-redirect" title="EW.com">EW.com</a>. Retrieved November 3, 2009. <q>South Park had its usual tartly sarcastic way (by which I mean "delightfully savage ridicule") with save-the-whales conservationists, cable-TV nature shows, Lady Gaga, and, yes, Entertainment Weekly in the episode titled "Whale Whores."</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=EW.com&rft.atitle=%27South+Park%27+and+%27Whale+Whores%27%3A+Lady+Gaga+and+Entertainment+Weekly+harpooned%2C+er%2C+lampooned&rft.date=2009-10-29&rft.aulast=Tucker&rft.aufirst=Ken&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwatching-tv.ew.com%2F2009%2F10%2F29%2Fsouth-park-and-whale-whores-lady-gaga&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Watson" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-148"><a href="#cite_ref-148">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation episode cs1">Trey Parker (October 28, 2009). "<a href="/wiki/Whale_Whores" title="Whale Whores">Whale Whores</a>". <a href="/wiki/South_Park" title="South Park">South Park</a>. Season 13. 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Retrieved November 4, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sea+Shepherd+Conservation+Society+website&rft.atitle=Fears%2C+jeers%2C+cheers+and+loathing+for+Sea+Shepherd+in+South+Park.+An+editorial+by+Captain+Paul+Watson&rft.date=2009-11-03&rft.aulast=Watson&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.seashepherd.org%2Fnews-and-media%2F2009%2F11%2F04%2Ffears-jeers-cheers-and-loathing-for-sea-shepherd-in-south-park-288&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Watson" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-150"><a href="#cite_ref-150">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFScott_Pelley" class="citation web cs1">Scott Pelley. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbsnews.com/news/return-of-the-humpbacks/">"Return of the humpbacks"</a>. CBS News. Retrieved May 8, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Return+of+the+humpbacks&rft.pub=CBS+News&rft.au=Scott+Pelley&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbsnews.com%2Fnews%2Freturn-of-the-humpbacks%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Watson" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-151"><a href="#cite_ref-151">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/review/watson-1205450">"'Watson': Film Review"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Hollywood_Reporter" title="The Hollywood Reporter">The Hollywood Reporter</a>. May 20, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Hollywood+Reporter&rft.atitle=%27Watson%27%3A+Film+Review&rft.date=2019-05-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hollywoodreporter.com%2Freview%2Fwatson-1205450&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Watson" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-152"><a href="#cite_ref-152">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/lavanyasunkara/2019/12/22/sea-shepherds-paul-watson-on-conservation-and-how-travelers-can-give-back/#3b47abad79d4">"Sea Shepherd's Paul Watson on Conservation and How Travelers Can Give Back"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Forbes" title="Forbes">Forbes</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Forbes&rft.atitle=Sea+Shepherd%27s+Paul+Watson+on+Conservation+and+How+Travelers+Can+Give+Back&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.forbes.com%2Fsites%2Flavanyasunkara%2F2019%2F12%2F22%2Fsea-shepherds-paul-watson-on-conservation-and-how-travelers-can-give-back%2F%233b47abad79d4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Watson" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Watson&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Further reading">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>Earth Warrior: Overboard With Paul Watson and the Sea Shepherd Conservation Society, by David B. Morris (1995) (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-55591-203-6" title="Special:BookSources/1-55591-203-6">1-55591-203-6</a>)</li> <li>Eco-Warriors, by Rik Scarce (2006) (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-59874-028-8" title="Special:BookSources/1-59874-028-8">1-59874-028-8</a>)</li> <li>(in French) Capitaine Paul Watson, entretien avec un pirate, by <a href="/wiki/Lamya_Essemlali" title="Lamya Essemlali">Lamya Essemlali</a>, Paul Watson (2012) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-2-7234-8691-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-2-7234-8691-0">978-2-7234-8691-0</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Watson&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1250146164">.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow{padding:0.75em 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow>b{display:block}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul{border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.75em 0;width:217px;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul>li{min-height:31px}.mw-parser-output .sister-logo{display:inline-block;width:31px;line-height:31px;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-link{display:inline-block;margin-left:4px;width:182px;vertical-align:middle}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div role="navigation" aria-labelledby="sister-projects" class="side-box metadata side-box-right sister-box sistersitebox plainlinks"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"> Paul Watson at Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_sister_projects" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia sister projects">sister projects</a></div> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Paul_Watson" class="extiw" title="c:Paul Watson">Media</a> from Commons</li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/27px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/41px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/54px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="759" data-file-height="415" /><a href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Protester_says_Japanese_whalers_shot_him" class="extiw" title="n:Protester says Japanese whalers shot him">News</a> from Wikinews</li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/23px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/35px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/46px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Paul_Watson" class="extiw" title="q:Paul Watson">Quotations</a> from Wikiquote</li></ul></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://paulwatsonfoundation.org/">Captain Paul Watson Foundation official website</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130601065806/http://www.seashepherd.org/who-we-are/captain-paul-watson.html">Paul Watson's archived page on the Sea Shepherd official website</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/name/nm1059922/">Paul Watson</a> at <a href="/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="IMDb (identifier)">IMDb</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/Template:SSCS" title="Template:SSCS"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:SSCS" title="Template talk:SSCS"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:SSCS" title="Special:EditPage/Template:SSCS"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Sea_Shepherd_Conservation_Society" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Sea_Shepherd_Conservation_Society" title="Sea Shepherd Conservation Society">Sea Shepherd Conservation Society</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Operations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sea_Shepherd_Conservation_Society_operations" title="Sea Shepherd Conservation Society operations">Sea Shepherd Conservation Society operations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1986_Hvalur_sinkings" title="1986 Hvalur sinkings">1986 Hvalur sinkings</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Neptune%27s_Navy" title="Neptune's Navy">Neptune's Navy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current vessels</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MV_Emanuel_Bronner" title="MV Emanuel Bronner">MV Emanuel Bronner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MY_Farley_Mowat" title="MY Farley Mowat">MY Farley Mowat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MY_Jairo_Mora_Sandoval" title="MY Jairo Mora Sandoval">MY Jairo Mora Sandoval</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MV_John_Paul_DeJoria" title="MV John Paul DeJoria">MY John Paul DeJoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RV_Martin_Sheen" title="RV Martin Sheen">RV Martin Sheen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MY_Ocean_Warrior" title="MY Ocean Warrior">MY Ocean Warrior</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MY_Age_of_Union" title="MY Age of Union">MY Age of Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MV_Sharpie" title="MV Sharpie">MV Sharpie</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former vessels</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MY_Ady_Gil" title="MY Ady Gil">MY Ady Gil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MY_Alchemy" title="MY Alchemy">MY Alchemy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MY_Bob_Barker" title="MY Bob Barker">MY Bob Barker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MV_Brigitte_Bardot" title="MV Brigitte Bardot">MV Brigitte Bardot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RV_Farley_Mowat" title="RV Farley Mowat">RV Farley Mowat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sea_Shepherd_I" title="Sea Shepherd I">Sea Shepherd I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sea_Shepherd_II" title="Sea Shepherd II">Sea Shepherd II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MY_Steve_Irwin" title="MY Steve Irwin">MY Steve Irwin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MV_White_Holly" title="MV White Holly">MV White Holly</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Paul Watson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Brown" title="Bob Brown">Bob Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cate_Faehrmann" title="Cate Faehrmann">Cate Faehrmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pete_Bethune" title="Pete Bethune">Pete Bethune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pia_Klemp" title="Pia Klemp">Pia Klemp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rod_Coronado" title="Rod Coronado">Rod Coronado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alex_Pacheco_(activist)" title="Alex Pacheco (activist)">Alex Pacheco</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Media</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Whale_Wars" title="Whale Wars">Whale Wars</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Whale_Wars_episodes" title="List of Whale Wars episodes">List of Whale Wars episodes</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/At_the_Edge_of_the_World_(2008_film)" title="At the Edge of the World (2008 film)">At the Edge of the World</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Greenpeace" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Greenpeace" title="Template:Greenpeace"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Greenpeace" title="Template talk:Greenpeace"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Greenpeace" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Greenpeace"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Greenpeace" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Greenpeace" title="Greenpeace">Greenpeace</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Phil_Radford" title="Phil Radford">Phil Radford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Bailey_(environmentalist)" title="Michael Bailey (environmentalist)">Michael Bailey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumi_Naidoo" title="Kumi Naidoo">Kumi Naidoo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irving_Stowe" title="Irving Stowe">Irving Stowe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ben_Metcalfe" title="Ben Metcalfe">Ben Metcalfe</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Paul Watson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rex_Weyler" title="Rex Weyler">Rex Weyler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Bohlen" title="Jim Bohlen">Jim Bohlen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Will_E._Jackson" title="Will E. Jackson">Will E. Jackson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_McTaggart" title="David McTaggart">David McTaggart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Hunter_(journalist)" title="Robert Hunter (journalist)">Robert Hunter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Moore_(consultant)" title="Patrick Moore (consultant)">Patrick Moore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oscar_Soria" title="Oscar Soria">Oscar Soria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Sauven" title="John Sauven">John Sauven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andy_Stirling" title="Andy Stirling">Andy Stirling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Tindale" title="Stephen Tindale">Stephen Tindale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_McSorley" title="Jean McSorley">Jean McSorley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorothy_Stowe" title="Dorothy Stowe">Dorothy Stowe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Willcox" title="Peter Willcox">Peter Willcox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fernando_Pereira" title="Fernando Pereira">Fernando Pereira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Beltr%C3%A1" title="Daniel Beltrá">Daniel Beltrá</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dennis_Delaney" title="Dennis Delaney">Dennis Delaney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Von_Hernandez" title="Von Hernandez">Von Hernandez</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ships</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Phyllis_Cormack" title="Phyllis Cormack">Phyllis Cormack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rainbow_Warrior_(1955)" title="Rainbow Warrior (1955)">Rainbow Warrior (I)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rainbow_Warrior_(1957)" title="Rainbow Warrior (1957)">Rainbow Warrior (II)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rainbow_Warrior_(2011)" title="Rainbow Warrior (2011)">Rainbow Warrior (III)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MV_Esperanza" title="MV Esperanza">Esperanza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MV_Arctic_Sunrise" title="MV Arctic Sunrise">Arctic Sunrise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MV_Sirius" title="MV Sirius">Sirius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MV_Solo" title="MV Solo">Solo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MV_Greenpeace" title="MV Greenpeace">Greenpeace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MV_Gondwana" title="MV Gondwana">Gondwana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yellow_Thing" title="Yellow Thing">Yellow Thing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fri_(yacht)" title="Fri (yacht)">Fri (yacht)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Regional offices</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greenpeace_Aotearoa_New_Zealand" title="Greenpeace Aotearoa New Zealand">Greenpeace Aotearoa New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenpeace_Australia_Pacific" title="Greenpeace Australia Pacific">Greenpeace Australia Pacific</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenpeace_East_Asia" title="Greenpeace East Asia">Greenpeace East Asia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenpeace_Nordic" title="Greenpeace Nordic">Greenpeace Nordic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenpeace_Southeast_Asia" title="Greenpeace Southeast Asia">Greenpeace Southeast Asia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenpeace_USA" title="Greenpeace USA">Greenpeace USA</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related organisations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sea_Shepherd_Conservation_Society" title="Sea Shepherd Conservation Society">Sea Shepherd Conservation Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenpeace_Foundation" title="Greenpeace Foundation">Greenpeace Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Greenpeace" title="London Greenpeace">London Greenpeace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Don%27t_Make_a_Wave_Committee" title="Don't Make a Wave Committee">Don't Make a Wave Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Campaign_for_Nuclear_Disarmament_(NZ)" title="Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament (NZ)">Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament (NZ)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Publications</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Unearthed_(publication)" title="Unearthed (publication)">Unearthed</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Rule_(ketch)" class="mw-redirect" title="Golden Rule (ketch)">Golden Rule (ketch)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenpeace_%E2%80%93_The_Album" title="Greenpeace – The Album">Greenpeace – The Album</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinking_of_the_Rainbow_Warrior" title="Sinking of the Rainbow Warrior">Sinking of the Rainbow Warrior</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rainbow_Warrior_Case" title="Rainbow Warrior Case">Rainbow Warrior Case</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/How_to_Change_the_World_(film)" title="How to Change the World (film)">How to Change the World (film)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Rainbow_Warrior_Conspiracy" title="The Rainbow Warrior Conspiracy">The Rainbow Warrior Conspiracy (miniseries)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Rainbow_Warrior_(film)" title="The Rainbow Warrior (film)">The Rainbow Warrior (film)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mister_Splashy_Pants" title="Mister Splashy Pants">Mister Splashy Pants</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_Eye_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Public Eye Award">Public Eye Award</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Park_Base" title="World Park Base">World Park Base</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Animal_rights" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Animal_rights" title="Template:Animal rights"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Animal_rights" title="Template talk:Animal rights"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Animal_rights" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Animal rights"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Animal_rights" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Animal_rights" title="Animal rights">Animal rights</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Topics_(overviews,_concepts,_issues,_cases)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Topics (overviews, concepts, issues, cases)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Overviews</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Animal_rights_movement" title="Animal rights movement">Animal rights movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Animal_rights_by_country_or_territory" title="Animal rights by country or territory">Animal rights by country or territory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_and_animal_rights" class="mw-redirect" title="Anarchism and animal rights">Anarchism and animal rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Animal_rights_and_punk_subculture" title="Animal rights and punk subculture">Animal rights and punk subculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Animal_cruelty_and_the_Holocaust_analogy" class="mw-redirect" title="Animal cruelty and the Holocaust analogy">Animal cruelty–Holocaust analogies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Animal_rights_in_Indian_religions" title="Animal rights in Indian religions">Animal rights in Indian religions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christianity_and_animal_rights" title="Christianity and animal rights">Christianity and animal rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_animal_rights" title="History of animal rights">History of animal rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_international_animal_welfare_conventions" title="List of international animal welfare conventions">List of international animal welfare conventions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moral_status_of_animals_in_the_ancient_world" title="Moral status of animals in the ancient world">Moral status of animals in the ancient world</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_animal_welfare_and_rights" title="Timeline of animal welfare and rights">Timeline of animal welfare and rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Total_liberation" title="Total liberation">Total liberation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_Declaration_on_Animal_Welfare" title="Universal Declaration on Animal Welfare">Universal Declaration on Animal Welfare</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Concepts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abolitionism_(animal_rights)" title="Abolitionism (animal rights)">Abolitionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahimsa" title="Ahimsa">Ahimsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Animal_cognition" title="Animal cognition">Animal cognition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Animal_consciousness" title="Animal consciousness">Animal consciousness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Animal_ethics" title="Animal ethics">Animal ethics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Animal%E2%80%93industrial_complex" title="Animal–industrial complex">Animal–industrial complex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Animal_law" title="Animal law">Animal law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Animal_protectionism" title="Animal protectionism">Animal protectionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Animal_welfare" title="Animal welfare">Animal welfare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Animal-free_agriculture" title="Animal-free agriculture">Animal-free agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthrozoology" title="Anthrozoology">Anthrozoology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argument_from_marginal_cases" title="Argument from marginal cases">Argument from marginal cases</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cambridge_Declaration_on_Consciousness" class="mw-redirect" title="Cambridge Declaration on Consciousness">Cambridge Declaration on Consciousness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carnism" title="Carnism">Carnism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Equal_consideration_of_interests" title="Equal consideration of interests">Equal consideration of interests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emotion_in_animals" title="Emotion in animals">Emotion in animals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethics_of_eating_meat" title="Ethics of eating meat">Ethics of eating meat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethics_of_uncertain_sentience" title="Ethics of uncertain sentience">Ethics of uncertain sentience</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethology" title="Ethology">Ethology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insects_in_ethics" title="Insects in ethics">Insects in ethics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meat_paradox" class="mw-redirect" title="Meat paradox">Meat paradox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nonviolence" title="Nonviolence">Nonviolence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_rescue" title="Open rescue">Open rescue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opposition_to_hunting" title="Opposition to hunting">Opposition to hunting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Personism" title="Personism">Personism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Replaceability_argument" title="Replaceability argument">Replaceability argument</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sentiocentrism" class="mw-redirect" title="Sentiocentrism">Sentiocentrism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speciesism" title="Speciesism">Speciesism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veganism" title="Veganism">Veganism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vegaphobia" title="Vegaphobia">Vegaphobia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vegetarianism" title="Vegetarianism">Vegetarianism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Issues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Animal_agriculture" class="mw-redirect" title="Animal agriculture">Animal agriculture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Animal_product" title="Animal product">Animal product</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battery_cage" title="Battery cage">Battery cage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bile_bear" title="Bile bear">Bile bear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chick_culling" title="Chick culling">Chick culling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concentrated_animal_feeding_operation" title="Concentrated animal feeding operation">Concentrated animal feeding operation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fish_farming" title="Fish farming">Fish farming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fur_farming" title="Fur farming">Fur farming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fur_trade" title="Fur trade">Fur trade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insect_farming" title="Insect farming">Insect farming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intensive_animal_farming" title="Intensive animal farming">Intensive animal farming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intensive_pig_farming" title="Intensive pig farming">Intensive pig farming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Livestock" title="Livestock">Livestock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poultry_farming" title="Poultry farming">Poultry farming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slaughterhouse" title="Slaughterhouse">Slaughterhouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_farming" title="Wildlife farming">Wildlife farming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Working_animal" title="Working animal">Working animal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feedback_(pork_industry)" title="Feedback (pork industry)">Feedback (pork industry)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foam_depopulation" title="Foam depopulation">Foam depopulation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ventilation_shutdown" title="Ventilation shutdown">Ventilation shutdown</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Animal_testing" title="Animal testing">Animal testing</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alternatives_to_animal_testing" title="Alternatives to animal testing">Alternatives to animal testing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Animal_testing_on_non-human_primates" title="Animal testing on non-human primates">Animal testing on non-human primates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Animal_testing_regulations" title="Animal testing regulations">Animal testing regulations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_ape_research_ban" class="mw-redirect" title="Great ape research ban">Great ape research ban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Scare" title="Green Scare">Green Scare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huntingdon_Life_Sciences" title="Huntingdon Life Sciences">Huntingdon Life Sciences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Model_organism" title="Model organism">Model organism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nafovanny" title="Nafovanny">Nafovanny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Backfire_(FBI)" title="Operation Backfire (FBI)">Operation Backfire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vivisection" title="Vivisection">Vivisection</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Animal_welfare" title="Animal welfare">Animal welfare</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Animal_euthanasia" title="Animal euthanasia">Animal euthanasia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cruelty_to_animals" title="Cruelty to animals">Cruelty to animals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pain_in_animals" title="Pain in animals">Pain in animals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pain_in_amphibians" title="Pain in amphibians">Pain in amphibians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pain_in_cephalopods" title="Pain in cephalopods">Pain in cephalopods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pain_in_crustaceans" title="Pain in crustaceans">Pain in crustaceans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pain_in_fish" title="Pain in fish">Pain in fish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pain_in_invertebrates" title="Pain in invertebrates">Pain in invertebrates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pain_and_suffering_in_laboratory_animals" class="mw-redirect" title="Pain and suffering in laboratory animals">Pain and suffering in laboratory animals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welfare_of_farmed_insects" title="Welfare of farmed insects">Welfare of farmed insects</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fishing" title="Fishing">Fishing</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Commercial_fishing" title="Commercial fishing">Commercial fishing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fishing_bait" title="Fishing bait">Fishing bait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Recreational_fishing" title="Recreational fishing">Recreational fishing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wild_animals" class="mw-redirect" title="Wild animals">Wild animals</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Culling_wildlife" class="mw-redirect" title="Culling wildlife">Culling wildlife</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hare_coursing" title="Hare coursing">Hare coursing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hunting" title="Hunting">Hunting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_primate_trade" title="International primate trade">International primate trade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivory_trade" title="Ivory trade">Ivory trade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Predation_problem" title="Predation problem">Predation problem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seal_hunting" title="Seal hunting">Seal hunting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wild_animal_suffering" title="Wild animal suffering">Wild animal suffering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_management" title="Wildlife management">Wildlife management</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abandoned_pets" title="Abandoned pets">Abandoned pets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Animal_sacrifice" title="Animal sacrifice">Animal sacrifice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Animal_slaughter" title="Animal slaughter">Animal slaughter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Animal_trial" title="Animal trial">Animal trial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Animals_in_sport" title="Animals in sport">Animals in sport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Live_food" title="Live food">Live food</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Live_export" title="Live export">Live export</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cases</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brown_Dog_affair" title="Brown Dog affair">Brown Dog affair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_primates" title="Cambridge University primates">Cambridge University primates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McLibel_case" title="McLibel case">McLibel case</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monkey_selfie_copyright_dispute" title="Monkey selfie copyright dispute">Monkey selfie copyright dispute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pit_of_despair" title="Pit of despair">Pit of despair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stop_Huntingdon_Animal_Cruelty" title="Stop Huntingdon Animal Cruelty">SHAC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silver_Spring_monkeys" title="Silver Spring monkeys">Silver Spring monkeys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Riverside_1985_laboratory_raid" title="University of California, Riverside 1985 laboratory raid">University of California, Riverside 1985 laboratory raid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unnecessary_Fuss" title="Unnecessary Fuss">Unnecessary Fuss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_of_the_currents" title="War of the currents">War of the currents</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Methodologies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Direct_Action_Everywhere" title="Direct Action Everywhere">Direct Action Everywhere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hunt_sabotage" title="Hunt sabotage">Hunt sabotage</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Observances</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/World_Animal_Day" title="World Animal Day">World Animal Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Day_for_the_End_of_Speciesism" title="World Day for the End of Speciesism">World Day for the End of Speciesism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Day_for_Laboratory_Animals" title="World Day for Laboratory Animals">World Day for Laboratory Animals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Day_for_the_End_of_Fishing" title="World Day for the End of Fishing">World Day for the End of Fishing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Advocates_(academics,_writers,_activists)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_animal_rights_advocates" title="List of animal rights advocates">Advocates</a> (academics, writers, activists)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics and writers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Contemporary</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carol_J._Adams" title="Carol J. Adams">Carol J. Adams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aysha_Akhtar" title="Aysha Akhtar">Aysha Akhtar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kristin_Andrews" title="Kristin Andrews">Kristin Andrews</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Beauchamp" title="Tom Beauchamp">Tom Beauchamp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marc_Bekoff" title="Marc Bekoff">Marc Bekoff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_Best" title="Steven Best">Steven Best</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paola_Cavalieri" title="Paola Cavalieri">Paola Cavalieri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_R._L._Clark" title="Stephen R. L. Clark">Stephen R. L. Clark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alasdair_Cochrane" title="Alasdair Cochrane">Alasdair Cochrane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._M._Coetzee" title="J. M. Coetzee">J. M. Coetzee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alice_Crary" title="Alice Crary">Alice Crary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_DeGrazia" title="David DeGrazia">David DeGrazia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Dombrowski" title="Daniel Dombrowski">Daniel Dombrowski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sue_Donaldson" title="Sue Donaldson">Sue Donaldson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josephine_Donovan" title="Josephine Donovan">Josephine Donovan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joan_Dunayer" title="Joan Dunayer">Joan Dunayer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mylan_Engel" title="Mylan Engel">Mylan Engel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catia_Faria" title="Catia Faria">Catia Faria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Finsen" title="Lawrence Finsen">Lawrence Finsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gary_L._Francione" title="Gary L. Francione">Gary L. Francione</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Garner" title="Robert Garner">Robert Garner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Val%C3%A9ry_Giroux" title="Valéry Giroux">Valéry Giroux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lori_Gruen" title="Lori Gruen">Lori Gruen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Hadley_(philosopher)" title="John Hadley (philosopher)">John Hadley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oscar_Horta" title="Oscar Horta">Oscar Horta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dale_Jamieson" title="Dale Jamieson">Dale Jamieson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyle_Johannsen" title="Kyle Johannsen">Kyle Johannsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melanie_Joy" title="Melanie Joy">Melanie Joy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hilda_Kean" title="Hilda Kean">Hilda Kean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Will_Kymlicka" title="Will Kymlicka">Will Kymlicka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renan_Larue" title="Renan Larue">Renan Larue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Lepeltier" title="Thomas Lepeltier">Thomas Lepeltier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Linzey" title="Andrew Linzey">Andrew Linzey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clair_Linzey" title="Clair Linzey">Clair Linzey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dan_Lyons" title="Dan Lyons">Dan Lyons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Nibert" title="David Nibert">David Nibert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martha_Nussbaum" title="Martha Nussbaum">Martha Nussbaum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clare_Palmer" title="Clare Palmer">Clare Palmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Patterson_(author)" title="Charles Patterson (author)">Charles Patterson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Pearce_(philosopher)" title="David Pearce (philosopher)">David Pearce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jessica_Pierce" title="Jessica Pierce">Jessica Pierce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evelyn_Pluhar" title="Evelyn Pluhar">Evelyn Pluhar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Rowlands" title="Mark Rowlands">Mark Rowlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_D._Ryder" title="Richard D. Ryder">Richard D. Ryder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_F._Sapontzis" title="Steve F. Sapontzis">Steve F. Sapontzis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeff_Sebo" title="Jeff Sebo">Jeff Sebo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Segal" title="Jérôme Segal">Jérôme Segal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Singer" title="Peter Singer">Peter Singer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gary_Steiner" title="Gary Steiner">Gary Steiner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cass_Sunstein" title="Cass Sunstein">Cass Sunstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Sztybel" title="David Sztybel">David Sztybel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Tye_(philosopher)" title="Michael Tye (philosopher)">Michael Tye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tatjana_Vi%C5%A1ak" title="Tatjana Višak">Tatjana Višak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Waldau" title="Paul Waldau">Paul Waldau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corey_Lee_Wrenn" title="Corey Lee Wrenn">Corey Lee Wrenn</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Historical</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Bentham" title="Jeremy Bentham">Jeremy Bentham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Renaud_Boullier" title="David Renaud Boullier">David Renaud Boullier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_St._C._Bostock" title="Stephen St. C. Bostock">Stephen St. C. Bostock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brigid_Brophy" title="Brigid Brophy">Brigid Brophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Buchan" title="Peter Buchan">Peter Buchan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mona_Caird" title="Mona Caird">Mona Caird</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priscilla_Cohn" title="Priscilla Cohn">Priscilla Cohn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Crowe_(vicar)" title="Henry Crowe (vicar)">Henry Crowe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herman_Daggett" title="Herman Daggett">Herman Daggett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Dean_(curate)" title="Richard Dean (curate)">Richard Dean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Dietler" title="Wilhelm Dietler">Wilhelm Dietler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Hamilton_Drummond" title="William Hamilton Drummond">William Hamilton Drummond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Payson_Evans" title="Edward Payson Evans">Edward Payson Evans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T._Forster" title="T. Forster">T. Forster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Galsworthy" title="John Galsworthy">John Galsworthy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_G._Gentry" title="Thomas G. Gentry">Thomas G. Gentry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Helps" title="Arthur Helps">Arthur Helps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Hildrop" title="John Hildrop">John Hildrop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Zephaniah_Holwell" title="John Zephaniah Holwell">John Zephaniah Holwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soame_Jenyns" title="Soame Jenyns">Soame Jenyns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Christian_Friedrich_Krause" title="Karl Christian Friedrich Krause">Karl Christian Friedrich Krause</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Lawrence_(writer)" title="John Lawrence (writer)">John Lawrence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_R._Magel" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles R. Magel">Charles R. Magel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Meslier" title="Jean Meslier">Jean Meslier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Midgley" title="Mary Midgley">Mary Midgley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Howard_Moore" title="J. Howard Moore">J. Howard Moore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Ferrater_Mora" title="José Ferrater Mora">José Ferrater Mora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonard_Nelson" title="Leonard Nelson">Leonard Nelson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Nicholson_(librarian)" title="Edward Nicholson (librarian)">Edward Nicholson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siobhan_O%27Sullivan" title="Siobhan O'Sullivan">Siobhan O'Sullivan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rod_Preece" title="Rod Preece">Rod Preece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humphrey_Primatt" title="Humphrey Primatt">Humphrey Primatt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Rachels" title="James Rachels">James Rachels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Regan" title="Tom Regan">Tom Regan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_Peabody_Rogers" title="Nathaniel Peabody Rogers">Nathaniel Peabody Rogers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Rollin" title="Bernard Rollin">Bernard Rollin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Stephens_Salt" title="Henry Stephens Salt">Henry Stephens Salt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Schopenhauer" title="Arthur Schopenhauer">Arthur Schopenhauer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laurids_Smith" title="Laurids Smith">Laurids Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Styles" title="John Styles">John Styles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Tryon" title="Thomas Tryon">Thomas Tryon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gary_Varner" title="Gary Varner">Gary Varner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Friedrich_Ludwig_Volckmann" title="Johann Friedrich Ludwig Volckmann">Johann Friedrich Ludwig Volckmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Anne_Warren" title="Mary Anne Warren">Mary Anne Warren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adam_Gottlieb_Weigen" title="Adam Gottlieb Weigen">Adam Gottlieb Weigen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Heinrich_Winckler" title="Johann Heinrich Winckler">Johann Heinrich Winckler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_M._Wise" title="Steven M. Wise">Steven M. Wise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jon_Wynne-Tyson" title="Jon Wynne-Tyson">Jon Wynne-Tyson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voltaire" title="Voltaire">Voltaire</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Activists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Contemporary</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/James_Aspey" title="James Aspey">James Aspey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greg_Avery" title="Greg Avery">Greg Avery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matt_Ball" title="Matt Ball">Matt Ball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Balluch" title="Martin Balluch">Martin Balluch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carole_Baskin" title="Carole Baskin">Carole Baskin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbi_Twins" title="Barbi Twins">Barbi Twins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brigitte_Bardot" title="Brigitte Bardot">Brigitte Bardot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gene_Baur" title="Gene Baur">Gene Baur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yves_Bonnardel" title="Yves Bonnardel">Yves Bonnardel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joey_Carbstrong" title="Joey Carbstrong">Joey Carbstrong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aymeric_Caron" title="Aymeric Caron">Aymeric Caron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jake_Conroy" title="Jake Conroy">Jake Conroy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rod_Coronado" title="Rod Coronado">Rod Coronado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karen_Dawn" title="Karen Dawn">Karen Dawn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chris_DeRose" title="Chris DeRose">Chris DeRose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Feldmann" title="John Feldmann">John Feldmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruce_Friedrich" title="Bruce Friedrich">Bruce Friedrich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juliet_Gellatley" title="Juliet Gellatley">Juliet Gellatley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tal_Gilboa" title="Tal Gilboa">Tal Gilboa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antoine_Goetschel" title="Antoine Goetschel">Antoine Goetschel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Gold_(activist)" title="Mark Gold (activist)">Mark Gold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brigitte_Gothi%C3%A8re" title="Brigitte Gothière">Brigitte Gothière</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wayne_Hsiung" title="Wayne Hsiung">Wayne Hsiung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlotte_Laws" title="Charlotte Laws">Charlotte Laws</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronnie_Lee" title="Ronnie Lee">Ronnie Lee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howard_Lyman" title="Howard Lyman">Howard Lyman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evanna_Lynch" title="Evanna Lynch">Evanna Lynch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Maher" title="Bill Maher">Bill Maher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keith_Mann" title="Keith Mann">Keith Mann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Mason_(activist)" title="Jim Mason (activist)">Jim Mason</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dan_Mathews" title="Dan Mathews">Dan Mathews</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jo-Anne_McArthur" title="Jo-Anne McArthur">Jo-Anne McArthur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lu%C3%ADsa_Mell" class="mw-redirect" title="Luísa Mell">Luísa Mell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virginia_McKenna" title="Virginia McKenna">Virginia McKenna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morrissey" title="Morrissey">Morrissey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingrid_Newkirk" title="Ingrid Newkirk">Ingrid Newkirk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heather_Nicholson" title="Heather Nicholson">Heather Nicholson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Norris_(activist)" title="Jack Norris (activist)">Jack Norris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ric_O%27Barry" title="Ric O'Barry">Ric O'Barry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Olivier" title="David Olivier">David Olivier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alex_Pacheco_(activist)" title="Alex Pacheco (activist)">Alex Pacheco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Craig_Rosebraugh" title="Craig Rosebraugh">Craig Rosebraugh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jasmin_Singer" title="Jasmin Singer">Jasmin Singer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kim_Stallwood" title="Kim Stallwood">Kim Stallwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lynda_Stoner" title="Lynda Stoner">Lynda Stoner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marianne_Thieme" title="Marianne Thieme">Marianne Thieme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darren_Thurston" title="Darren Thurston">Darren Thurston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christine_Townend" title="Christine Townend">Christine Townend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wendy_Turner-Webster" title="Wendy Turner-Webster">Wendy Turner-Webster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerry_Vlasak" title="Jerry Vlasak">Jerry Vlasak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louise_Wallis" title="Louise Wallis">Louise Wallis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gary_Yourofsky" title="Gary Yourofsky">Gary Yourofsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/That_Vegan_Teacher" title="That Vegan Teacher">That Vegan Teacher</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Historical</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Amory" title="Cleveland Amory">Cleveland Amory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_B._Amos" title="Henry B. Amos">Henry B. Amos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Barker" title="Bob Barker">Bob Barker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Bell_(animal_rights_activist)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ernest Bell (animal rights activist)">Ernest Bell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edith_Carrington" title="Edith Carrington">Edith Carrington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frances_Power_Cobbe" title="Frances Power Cobbe">Frances Power Cobbe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joan_Court" title="Joan Court">Joan Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karen_Davis_(activist)" title="Karen Davis (activist)">Karen Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Dixon" title="Royal Dixon">Royal Dixon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muriel_Dowding,_Baroness_Dowding" title="Muriel Dowding, Baroness Dowding">Muriel Dowding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Farians" title="Elizabeth Farians">Elizabeth Farians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emarel_Freshel" title="Emarel Freshel">Emarel Freshel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_G%C3%A9raud" title="André Géraud">André Géraud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lewis_Gompertz" title="Lewis Gompertz">Lewis Gompertz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Granger" title="James Granger">James Granger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barry_Horne_(activist)" title="Barry Horne (activist)">Barry Horne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marie_Huot" title="Marie Huot">Marie Huot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lizzy_Lind_af_Hageby" title="Lizzy Lind af Hageby">Lizzy Lind af Hageby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jessie_Mackay" title="Jessie Mackay">Jessie Mackay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norm_Phelps" title="Norm Phelps">Norm Phelps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_of_Jill_Phipps" title="Death of Jill Phipps">Jill Phipps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maud_Ingersoll_Probasco" title="Maud Ingersoll Probasco">Maud Ingersoll Probasco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Ruesch" title="Hans Ruesch">Hans Ruesch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nell_Shipman" title="Nell Shipman">Nell Shipman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Spira" title="Henry Spira">Henry Spira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Tyler" title="Andrew Tyler">Andrew Tyler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gretchen_Wyler" title="Gretchen Wyler">Gretchen Wyler</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Movement_(groups,_parties)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Animal_rights_movement" title="Animal rights movement">Movement</a> (groups, parties)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Contemporary</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Anti-Vivisection_Society" title="American Anti-Vivisection Society">American Anti-Vivisection Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Animal_Aid" title="Animal Aid">Animal Aid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Animal_Ethics_(organization)" title="Animal Ethics (organization)">Animal Ethics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Animal_Justice_(organization)" title="Animal Justice (organization)">Animal Justice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Animal_Justice_Project" title="Animal Justice Project">Animal Justice Project</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Animal_Legal_Defense_Fund" title="Animal Legal Defense Fund">Animal Legal Defense Fund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Animal_Liberation_(organisation)" title="Animal Liberation (organisation)">Animal Liberation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Animal_Liberation_Front" title="Animal Liberation Front">Animal Liberation Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Animal_Rising" title="Animal Rising">Animal Rising</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AnimaNaturalis" title="AnimaNaturalis">AnimaNaturalis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Vivisection_Coalition" title="Anti-Vivisection Coalition">Anti-Vivisection Coalition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anonymous_for_the_Voiceless" title="Anonymous for the Voiceless">Anonymous for the Voiceless</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beauty_Without_Cruelty" title="Beauty Without Cruelty">Beauty Without Cruelty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Born_Free_Foundation" title="Born Free Foundation">Born Free Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centre_for_Animals_and_Social_Justice" title="Centre for Animals and Social Justice">Centre for Animals and Social Justice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Animal_Protection_Network" title="Chinese Animal Protection Network">Chinese Animal Protection Network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cruelty_Free_International" title="Cruelty Free International">Cruelty Free International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Direct_Action_Everywhere" title="Direct Action Everywhere">Direct Action Everywhere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doctors_Against_Animal_Experiments" title="Doctors Against Animal Experiments">Doctors Against Animal Experiments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Equanimal" title="Equanimal">Equanimal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Every_Animal" title="Every Animal">Every Animal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farm_Animal_Rights_Movement" title="Farm Animal Rights Movement">Farm Animal Rights Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faunalytics" title="Faunalytics">Faunalytics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Ape_Project" title="Great Ape Project">Great Ape Project</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hunt_Saboteurs_Association" title="Hunt Saboteurs Association">Hunt Saboteurs Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/In_Defense_of_Animals" title="In Defense of Animals">In Defense of Animals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korea_Animal_Rights_Advocates" title="Korea Animal Rights Advocates">Korea Animal Rights Advocates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L214" title="L214">L214</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Last_Chance_for_Animals" title="Last Chance for Animals">Last Chance for Animals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Animal_Rights_Coalition" title="Massachusetts Animal Rights Coalition">Massachusetts Animal Rights Coalition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercy_for_Animals" title="Mercy for Animals">Mercy for Animals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxford_Centre_for_Animal_Ethics" title="Oxford Centre for Animal Ethics">Oxford Centre for Animal Ethics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People_for_the_Ethical_Treatment_of_Animals" title="People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals">People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rise_for_Animals" title="Rise for Animals">Rise for Animals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sentience_Politics" title="Sentience Politics">Sentience Politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uncaged_Campaigns" title="Uncaged Campaigns">Uncaged Campaigns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Activists_for_Animal_Rights" title="United Activists for Animal Rights">United Activists for Animal Rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Poultry_Concerns" title="United Poultry Concerns">United Poultry Concerns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UPF-Centre_for_Animal_Ethics" title="UPF-Centre for Animal Ethics">UPF-Centre for Animal Ethics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viva!_(organisation)" title="Viva! (organisation)">Viva!</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voice_for_Animals_Humane_Society" title="Voice for Animals Humane Society">Voice for Animals Humane Society</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Historical</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Anti-Vivisection_Society" title="Canadian Anti-Vivisection Society">Canadian Anti-Vivisection Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humanitarian_League" title="Humanitarian League">Humanitarian League</a> (1891–1919)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Millennium_Guild" class="mw-redirect" title="Millennium Guild">Millennium Guild</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxford_Group_(animal_rights)" title="Oxford Group (animal rights)">Oxford Group</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Parties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Animal_Justice_Party" title="Animal Justice Party">Animal Justice Party</a> (Australia)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Animal_Politics_EU" title="Animal Politics EU">Animal Politics EU</a> (Europe)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Animal_Protection_Party_of_Canada" title="Animal Protection Party of Canada">Animal Protection Party of Canada</a> (Canada)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Animal_Justice_Party_of_Finland" title="Animal Justice Party of Finland">Animal Justice Party of Finland</a> (Finland)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Animals%27_Party" title="Animals' Party">Animals' Party</a> (Sweden)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Animalist_Movement" title="Animalist Movement">Animalist Movement</a> (Italy)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Animalist_Party_with_the_Environment" title="Animalist Party with the Environment">Animalist Party with the Environment</a> (Spain)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/DierAnimal" title="DierAnimal">DierAnimal</a> (Belgium)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_Environment_Animal_Protection_Party" title="Human Environment Animal Protection Party">Human Environment Animal Protection Party</a> (Germany)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Animalist_Party" title="Italian Animalist Party">Italian Animalist Party</a> (Italy)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Party_for_the_Animals" title="Party for the Animals">Party for the Animals</a> (Netherlands)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/People_Animals_Nature" title="People Animals Nature">People Animals Nature</a> (Portugal)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/V-Partei3" title="V-Partei3">V-Partei³</a> (Germany)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Activism</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Animal_Rights_National_Conference" title="Animal Rights National Conference">Animal Rights National Conference</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Media_(books,_films,_periodicals,_albums)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Media (books, films, periodicals, albums)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Books</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/On_Abstinence_from_Eating_Animals" title="On Abstinence from Eating Animals">On Abstinence from Eating Animals</a> (3rd century)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moral_Inquiries_on_the_Situation_of_Man_and_of_Brutes" title="Moral Inquiries on the Situation of Man and of Brutes">Moral Inquiries on the Situation of Man and of Brutes</a> (1824)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Rights_of_Animals" class="mw-redirect" title="The Rights of Animals">The Rights of Animals</a> (1838)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Ethics_of_Diet" title="The Ethics of Diet">The Ethics of Diet</a> (1883)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Animals%27_Rights" title="Animals' Rights">Animals' Rights</a> (1892)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evolutional_Ethics_and_Animal_Psychology" title="Evolutional Ethics and Animal Psychology">Evolutional Ethics and Animal Psychology</a> (1897)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Better-World_Philosophy" title="Better-World Philosophy">Better-World Philosophy</a> (1899)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Universal_Kinship" title="The Universal Kinship">The Universal Kinship</a> (1906)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_New_Ethics" title="The New Ethics">The New Ethics</a> (1907)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Animals,_Men_and_Morals" title="Animals, Men and Morals">Animals, Men and Morals</a> (1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Animal_Liberation_(book)" title="Animal Liberation (book)">Animal Liberation</a> (1975)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Case_for_Animal_Rights" title="The Case for Animal Rights">The Case for Animal Rights</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morals,_Reason,_and_Animals" title="Morals, Reason, and Animals">Morals, Reason, and Animals</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zoos_and_Animal_Rights" class="mw-redirect" title="Zoos and Animal Rights">Zoos and Animal Rights</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Animals,_Property,_and_the_Law" title="Animals, Property, and the Law">Animals, Property, and the Law</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Lives_of_Animals" title="The Lives of Animals">The Lives of Animals</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eternal_Treblinka" title="Eternal Treblinka">Eternal Treblinka</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Do_Animals_Have_Rights%3F_(book)" title="Do Animals Have Rights? (book)">Do Animals Have Rights?</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Striking_at_the_Roots" title="Striking at the Roots">Striking at the Roots</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/An_American_Trilogy_(book)" title="An American Trilogy (book)">An American Trilogy</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/An_Introduction_to_Animals_and_Political_Theory" title="An Introduction to Animals and Political Theory">An Introduction to Animals and Political Theory</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Animal_Rights_Without_Liberation" title="Animal Rights Without Liberation">Animal Rights Without Liberation</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_Animals_and_Animal_Politics" title="Political Animals and Animal Politics">Political Animals and Animal Politics</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Animal_(De)liberation" title="Animal (De)liberation">Animal (De)liberation</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sentientist_Politics" title="Sentientist Politics">Sentientist Politics</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wild_Animal_Ethics" title="Wild Animal Ethics">Wild Animal Ethics</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Animal_Ethics_in_the_Wild" title="Animal Ethics in the Wild">Animal Ethics in the Wild</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Making_a_Stand_for_Animals" title="Making a Stand for Animals">Making a Stand for Animals</a> (2022)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Films</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Animals_Film" title="The Animals Film">The Animals Film</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Cow_at_My_Table" title="A Cow at My Table">A Cow at My Table</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shores_of_Silence" title="Shores of Silence">Shores of Silence</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Witness_(2000_film)" title="The Witness (2000 film)">The Witness</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meet_Your_Meat" title="Meet Your Meat">Meet Your Meat</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legally_Blonde_2:_Red,_White_%26_Blonde" title="Legally Blonde 2: Red, White & Blonde">Legally Blonde 2</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Meatrix" title="The Meatrix">The Meatrix</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peaceable_Kingdom_(film)" title="Peaceable Kingdom (film)">Peaceable Kingdom</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earthlings_(film)" title="Earthlings (film)">Earthlings</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Behind_the_Mask_(2006_film)" title="Behind the Mask (2006 film)">Behind the Mask</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Your_Mommy_Kills_Animals" title="Your Mommy Kills Animals">Your Mommy Kills Animals</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Cove_(film)" title="The Cove (film)">The Cove</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peaceable_Kingdom:_The_Journey_Home" title="Peaceable Kingdom: The Journey Home">Peaceable Kingdom: The Journey Home</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forks_Over_Knives" title="Forks Over Knives">Forks Over Knives</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vegucated" title="Vegucated">Vegucated</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/An_Apology_to_Elephants" title="An Apology to Elephants">An Apology to Elephants</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speciesism:_The_Movie" title="Speciesism: The Movie">Speciesism: The Movie</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Ghosts_in_Our_Machine" title="The Ghosts in Our Machine">The Ghosts in Our Machine</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unlocking_the_Cage" title="Unlocking the Cage">Unlocking the Cage</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominion_(2018_film)" title="Dominion (2018 film)">Dominion</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seaspiracy" title="Seaspiracy">Seaspiracy</a> (2021)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Periodicals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Journals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Animal_Sentience_(journal)" title="Animal Sentience (journal)">Animal Sentience</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Between_the_Species" title="Between the Species">Between the Species</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cahiers_antisp%C3%A9cistes" title="Cahiers antispécistes">Cahiers antispécistes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etica_%26_Animali" title="Etica & Animali">Etica & Animali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Journal_of_Animal_Ethics" title="Journal of Animal Ethics">Journal of Animal Ethics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Relations._Beyond_Anthropocentrism" title="Relations. Beyond Anthropocentrism">Relations. Beyond Anthropocentrism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Animals%27_Defender" class="mw-redirect" title="The Animals' Defender">The Animals' Defender</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Magazines</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arkangel_(magazine)" title="Arkangel (magazine)">Arkangel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bite_Back" title="Bite Back">Bite Back</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muutoksen_kev%C3%A4t" title="Muutoksen kevät">Muutoksen kevät</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No_Compromise_(magazine)" title="No Compromise (magazine)">No Compromise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satya_(magazine)" title="Satya (magazine)">Satya</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_songs_about_animal_rights" title="List of songs about animal rights">Albums</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Animal_Liberation_(album)" title="Animal Liberation (album)">Animal Liberation</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tame_Yourself" title="Tame Yourself">Tame Yourself</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manifesto_(Deadlock_album)" title="Manifesto (Deadlock album)">Manifesto</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salvation_of_Innocents" title="Salvation of Innocents">Salvation of Innocents</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onward_to_Freedom" title="Onward to Freedom">Onward to Freedom</a> (2014)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Fairs and exhibitions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Holocaust_on_your_Plate" title="Holocaust on your Plate">Holocaust on your Plate</a> (2003)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Animal_rights" title="Category:Animal rights">Category</a> ( 139 )</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output 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.portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;align-items:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:center;flex:0;column-gap:1em;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0 auto;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{border-top:none;margin:0;list-style:none}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portals</a>:<ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><a href="/wiki/File:Wapiti_from_Wagon_Trails.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Wapiti_from_Wagon_Trails.jpg/21px-Wapiti_from_Wagon_Trails.jpg" decoding="async" width="21" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Wapiti_from_Wagon_Trails.jpg/32px-Wapiti_from_Wagon_Trails.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Wapiti_from_Wagon_Trails.jpg/42px-Wapiti_from_Wagon_Trails.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2064" data-file-height="1413" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Animals" title="Portal:Animals">Animals</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/19px-P_vip.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/28px-P_vip.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/37px-P_vip.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1911" data-file-height="1944" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Biography" title="Portal:Biography">Biography</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Sperm_whale_fluke.jpg/21px-Sperm_whale_fluke.jpg" decoding="async" width="21" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Sperm_whale_fluke.jpg/32px-Sperm_whale_fluke.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Sperm_whale_fluke.jpg/42px-Sperm_whale_fluke.jpg 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="239" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Cetaceans" title="Portal:Cetaceans">Cetaceans</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><a href="/wiki/File:Aegopodium_podagraria1_ies.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Aegopodium_podagraria1_ies.jpg/21px-Aegopodium_podagraria1_ies.jpg" decoding="async" width="21" height="18" class="mw-file-element" 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control">Authority control databases</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201670#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000122760017">ISNI</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/5638319">VIAF</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/488762/">FAST</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJv8KVtypbCkhFqbgW8wG3">WorldCat</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/114592721">Germany</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n2003031224">United States</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb13084223d">France</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb13084223d">BnF data</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX1501491">Spain</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p229994083">Netherlands</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810692324505606">Poland</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/artist/8ddc44d7-04e6-4e5c-b94a-c3532bd0cabc">MusicBrainz</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div 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