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cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="ਵਿਕੀਪੀਡੀਆ ਖੋਜੋ" aria-label="ਵਿਕੀਪੀਡੀਆ ਖੋਜੋ" autocapitalize="sentences" title="ਵਿਕੀਪੀਡੀਆ ਖੋਜੋ [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="ਖ਼ਾਸ:ਖੋਜੋ"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">ਖੋਜੋ</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="ਨਿੱਜੀ ਸੰਦ"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="ਦਿੱਖ"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="ਸਫ਼ੇ ਦੇ ਫੋਂਟ ਦਾ ਆਕਾਰ, ਚੌਡ਼ਾਈ ਅਤੇ ਰੰਗ ਦੀ ਦਿੱਖ ਨੂੰ ਬਦਲੋ" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="ਦਿੱਖ" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">ਦਿੱਖ</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_pa.wikipedia.org&uselang=pa" class=""><span>ਦਾਨ</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8:%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BE_%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%A3%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%93&returnto=%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80+%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80&returntoquery=diff%3Dprev%26oldid%3D634054" title="ਤੁਹਾਨੂੰ ਖ਼ਾਤਾ ਬਣਾਉਣ ਤੋਂ ਬਾਅਦ ਦਾਖ਼ਲ ਕਰਨ ਦੀ ਸਲਾਹ ਦਿੱਤੀ ਜਾਂਦੀ ਹੈ; ਹਾਲਾਂਕਿ ਇਹ ਲਾਜ਼ਮੀ ਨਹੀਂ" class=""><span>ਖ਼ਾਤਾ ਬਣਾਓ</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8:%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%82%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0_%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%87%E0%A8%A8&returnto=%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80+%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80&returntoquery=diff%3Dprev%26oldid%3D634054" title="ਤੁਹਾਨੂੰ ਦਾਖ਼ਲ ਹੋਣ ਲਈ ਪ੍ਰੇਰਿਆ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ; ਪਰ ਇਹ ਕੋਈ ਲਾਜ਼ਮੀ ਨਹੀਂ [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>ਦਾਖ਼ਲ ਹੋਵੋ</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="ਹੋਰ ਚੋਣਾਂ" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="ਨਿੱਜੀ ਸੰਦ" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">ਨਿੱਜੀ ਸੰਦ</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_pa.wikipedia.org&uselang=pa"><span>ਦਾਨ</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8:%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BE_%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%A3%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%93&returnto=%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80+%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80&returntoquery=diff%3Dprev%26oldid%3D634054" title="ਤੁਹਾਨੂੰ ਖ਼ਾਤਾ ਬਣਾਉਣ ਤੋਂ ਬਾਅਦ ਦਾਖ਼ਲ ਕਰਨ ਦੀ ਸਲਾਹ ਦਿੱਤੀ ਜਾਂਦੀ ਹੈ; ਹਾਲਾਂਕਿ ਇਹ ਲਾਜ਼ਮੀ ਨਹੀਂ"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>ਖ਼ਾਤਾ ਬਣਾਓ</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8:%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%82%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0_%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%87%E0%A8%A8&returnto=%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80+%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80&returntoquery=diff%3Dprev%26oldid%3D634054" title="ਤੁਹਾਨੂੰ ਦਾਖ਼ਲ ਹੋਣ ਲਈ ਪ੍ਰੇਰਿਆ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ; ਪਰ ਇਹ ਕੋਈ ਲਾਜ਼ਮੀ ਨਹੀਂ [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>ਦਾਖ਼ਲ ਹੋਵੋ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> ਬਾਹਰ ਹੋਏ ਸੰਪਾਦਕਾਂ ਲਈ ਸਫ਼ੇ <a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%A6:%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A3-%E0%A8%AA%E0%A8%9B%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A3" aria-label="ਸੰਪਾਦਨ ਬਾਰੇ ਹੋਰ ਜਾਣੋ"><span>ਹੋਰ ਜਾਣੋ</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8:%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%87_%E0%A8%AF%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A8" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>ਯੋਗਦਾਨ</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8:%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%9A%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%9A%E0%A8%BE" title="ਇਸ IP ਪਤੇ ਤੋਂ ਹੋਈਆਂ ਸੋਧਾਂ ਬਾਰੇ ਗੱਲਬਾਤ [n]" accesskey="n"><span>ਗੱਲ-ਬਾਤ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="ਸਾਈਟ"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="ਸਮੱਗਰੀ" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">ਸਮੱਗਰੀ</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">ਸਾਈਡਬਾਰ 'ਤੇ ਜਾਓ</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">ਲੁਕਾਓ</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">ਸ਼ੁਰੂਆਤ</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰ_ਪੇਪਰ-ਮਾਚੇ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰ_ਪੇਪਰ-ਮਾਚੇ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰ ਪੇਪਰ-ਮਾਚੇ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰ_ਪੇਪਰ-ਮਾਚੇ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰ_ਅਖਰੋਟ_ਦੀ_ਲੱਕੜ_ਦੀ_ਨੱਕਾਸ਼ੀ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰ_ਅਖਰੋਟ_ਦੀ_ਲੱਕੜ_ਦੀ_ਨੱਕਾਸ਼ੀ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰ ਅਖਰੋਟ ਦੀ ਲੱਕੜ ਦੀ ਨੱਕਾਸ਼ੀ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰ_ਅਖਰੋਟ_ਦੀ_ਲੱਕੜ_ਦੀ_ਨੱਕਾਸ਼ੀ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ਕੱਪੜੇ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ਕੱਪੜੇ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>ਕੱਪੜੇ</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-ਕੱਪੜੇ-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>ਕੱਪੜੇ ਉਪਭਾਗ ਨੂੰ ਟੌਗਲ ਕਰੋ</span> </button> <ul id="toc-ਕੱਪੜੇ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰ_ਸ਼ਾਲ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰ_ਸ਼ਾਲ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰ ਸ਼ਾਲ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰ_ਸ਼ਾਲ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ਪਸ਼ਮੀਨਾ_ਜਾਂ_ਕਰ_ਅਮੀਰ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ਪਸ਼ਮੀਨਾ_ਜਾਂ_ਕਰ_ਅਮੀਰ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>ਪਸ਼ਮੀਨਾ ਜਾਂ ਕਰ ਅਮੀਰ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ਪਸ਼ਮੀਨਾ_ਜਾਂ_ਕਰ_ਅਮੀਰ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ਦੋਉ-ਸ਼ਾਲਾ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ਦੋਉ-ਸ਼ਾਲਾ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>ਦੋਉ-ਸ਼ਾਲਾ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ਦੋਉ-ਸ਼ਾਲਾ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ਕਾਨੀ_ਸ਼ਾਲ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ਕਾਨੀ_ਸ਼ਾਲ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>ਕਾਨੀ ਸ਼ਾਲ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ਕਾਨੀ_ਸ਼ਾਲ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ਗਲੀਚੇ,_ਗਲੀਚੇ_ਅਤੇ_ਚਟਾਈ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ਗਲੀਚੇ,_ਗਲੀਚੇ_ਅਤੇ_ਚਟਾਈ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>ਗਲੀਚੇ, ਗਲੀਚੇ ਅਤੇ ਚਟਾਈ</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-ਗਲੀਚੇ,_ਗਲੀਚੇ_ਅਤੇ_ਚਟਾਈ-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>ਗਲੀਚੇ, ਗਲੀਚੇ ਅਤੇ ਚਟਾਈ ਉਪਭਾਗ ਨੂੰ ਟੌਗਲ ਕਰੋ</span> </button> <ul id="toc-ਗਲੀਚੇ,_ਗਲੀਚੇ_ਅਤੇ_ਚਟਾਈ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-ਨਾਮਦਾ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ਨਾਮਦਾ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>ਨਾਮਦਾ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ਨਾਮਦਾ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ਕਾਲੀਨ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ਕਾਲੀਨ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>ਕਾਲੀਨ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ਕਾਲੀਨ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ਵਾਗੂ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ਵਾਗੂ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>ਵਾਗੂ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ਵਾਗੂ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ਕਢਾਈ_ਦਾ_ਕੰਮ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ਕਢਾਈ_ਦਾ_ਕੰਮ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>ਕਢਾਈ ਦਾ ਕੰਮ</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-ਕਢਾਈ_ਦਾ_ਕੰਮ-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>ਕਢਾਈ ਦਾ ਕੰਮ ਉਪਭਾਗ ਨੂੰ ਟੌਗਲ ਕਰੋ</span> </button> <ul id="toc-ਕਢਾਈ_ਦਾ_ਕੰਮ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-ਕਰੂਅਲ_ਕਢਾਈ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ਕਰੂਅਲ_ਕਢਾਈ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>ਕਰੂਅਲ ਕਢਾਈ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ਕਰੂਅਲ_ਕਢਾਈ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ਪੱਥਰ_ਦੀ_ਸ਼ਿਲਪਕਾਰੀ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ਪੱਥਰ_ਦੀ_ਸ਼ਿਲਪਕਾਰੀ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>ਪੱਥਰ ਦੀ ਸ਼ਿਲਪਕਾਰੀ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ਪੱਥਰ_ਦੀ_ਸ਼ਿਲਪਕਾਰੀ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ਆਰਥਿਕਤਾ_ਵਿੱਚ_ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰੀ_ਦਸਤਕਾਰੀ_ਦੀ_ਭੂਮਿਕਾ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ਆਰਥਿਕਤਾ_ਵਿੱਚ_ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰੀ_ਦਸਤਕਾਰੀ_ਦੀ_ਭੂਮਿਕਾ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>ਆਰਥਿਕਤਾ ਵਿੱਚ ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰੀ ਦਸਤਕਾਰੀ ਦੀ ਭੂਮਿਕਾ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ਆਰਥਿਕਤਾ_ਵਿੱਚ_ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰੀ_ਦਸਤਕਾਰੀ_ਦੀ_ਭੂਮਿਕਾ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ਇਹ_ਵੀ_ਵੇਖੋ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ਇਹ_ਵੀ_ਵੇਖੋ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>ਇਹ ਵੀ ਵੇਖੋ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ਇਹ_ਵੀ_ਵੇਖੋ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ਹਵਾਲੇ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ਹਵਾਲੇ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>ਹਵਾਲੇ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ਹਵਾਲੇ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="ਸਮੱਗਰੀ" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="ਸਮੱਗਰੀ ਦੀ ਸਾਰਣੀ ਨੂੰ ਟੌਗਲ ਕਰੋ" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">ਸਮੱਗਰੀ ਦੀ ਸਾਰਣੀ ਨੂੰ ਟੌਗਲ ਕਰੋ</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰੀ ਦਸਤਕਾਰੀ: ਸੋਧਾਂ ਵਿਚ ਫ਼ਰਕ</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="ਕਿਸੇ ਹੋਰ ਭਾਸ਼ਾ ਵਿੱਚ ਲੇਖ 'ਤੇ ਜਾਓ। 3 ਭਾਸ਼ਾਵਾਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਉਪਲਬਧ ਹੈ" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-3" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">3 ਭਾਸ਼ਾਵਾਂ</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF_%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AA" title="কাশ্মীরি হস্তশিল্প – ਬੰਗਾਲੀ" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="কাশ্মীরি হস্তশিল্প" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="ਬੰਗਾਲੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kashmiri_handicrafts" title="Kashmiri handicrafts – ਅੰਗਰੇਜ਼ੀ" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Kashmiri handicrafts" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="ਅੰਗਰੇਜ਼ੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%B4%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D8%AF%D8%B3%D8%AA%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="کشمیری دستکاری – ਪੰਜਾਬੀ (ਸ਼ਾਹਮੁਖੀ)" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="کشمیری دستکاری" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ (ਸ਼ਾਹਮੁਖੀ)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q60753872#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="ਅੰਤਰਭਾਸ਼ਾਈ ਕੜੀਆਂ ਸੋਧੋ" class="wbc-editpage">ਜੋੜ ਸੋਧੋ</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="ਨਾਂ-ਥਾਂ"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80" title="ਸਮੱਗਰੀ ਸਫ਼ਾ ਵੇਖੋ [c]" accesskey="c"><span>ਸਫ਼ਾ</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a 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id="mw-diff-otitle2"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%82%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0:Tamanpreet_Kaur" class="mw-userlink" title="ਵਰਤੋਂਕਾਰ:Tamanpreet Kaur" data-mw-revid="634051"><bdi>Tamanpreet Kaur</bdi></a> <span class="mw-usertoollinks">(<a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%82%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0_%E0%A8%97%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%B2-%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A4:Tamanpreet_Kaur" class="mw-usertoollinks-talk" title="ਵਰਤੋਂਕਾਰ ਗੱਲ-ਬਾਤ:Tamanpreet Kaur">ਗੱਲ-ਬਾਤ</a> | <a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8:%E0%A8%AF%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A8/Tamanpreet_Kaur" class="mw-usertoollinks-contribs" title="ਖ਼ਾਸ:ਯੋਗਦਾਨ/Tamanpreet Kaur">ਯੋਗਦਾਨ</a>)</span><div class="mw-diff-usermetadata"><div class="mw-diff-userroles"></div><div class="mw-diff-usereditcount"><span>12,273</span> ਸੋਧਾਂ</div></div></div><div id="mw-diff-otitle3"> <span class="comment comment--without-parentheses"><span class="autocomment"><a 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class="mw-diff-edit"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80&action=edit&oldid=634054" title="ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰੀ ਦਸਤਕਾਰੀ">ਸੋਧ</a></span><span class="mw-diff-timestamp" data-timestamp="2023-02-03T08:40:31Z"></span> <span class="mw-diff-undo"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80&action=edit&undoafter=634051&undo=634054" title=""ਰੱਦ ਕਰੋ" ਇਸ ਸੋਧ ਨੂੰ ਨਕਾਰਦਾ ਹੈ ਅਤੇ ਸੋਧ ਫਾਰਮ ਨੂੰ ਝਲਕ ਮੋਡ ਵਿੱਚ ਖੋਲ੍ਹਦਾ ਹੈ। ਇਸ ਨਾਲ 'ਸਾਰ' ਵਿੱਚ ਤਬਦੀਲੀ ਨਕਾਰਨ ਦਾ ਕਾਰਨ ਲਿਖਿਆ ਜਾ ਸਕਦਾ ਹੈ।">ਰੱਦ ਕਰੋ</a></span></strong></div><div id="mw-diff-ntitle2"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%82%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0:Tamanpreet_Kaur" class="mw-userlink" title="ਵਰਤੋਂਕਾਰ:Tamanpreet Kaur" data-mw-revid="634054"><bdi>Tamanpreet Kaur</bdi></a> <span class="mw-usertoollinks">(<a 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class="diff-context diff-side-added"><div>[[ਤਸਵੀਰ:Portrait_of_Mughal_prince_Sultan_Murad.jpg|thumb| ਮੁਗਲ ਰਾਜਕੁਮਾਰ ਸੁਲਤਾਨ ਮੁਰਾਦ ਦੀ ਤਸਵੀਰ, ਇੱਕ ਮਹਿਸੂਸ ਕੀਤੇ ਨਾਮਦਾ ਗਲੀਚੇ 'ਤੇ ਗੋਡੇ ਟੇਕਦੇ ਹੋਏ ਦਰਸਾਇਆ ਗਿਆ ਹੈ (ਸੀਏ 1600)]]</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>ਨਾਮਦਾ<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Nvu17oLIQNgC&dq=Namda+carpet&pg=PA238|title=From Bonbon to Cha-cha: Oxford Dictionary of Foreign Words and Phrases|last=Delahunty|first=Andrew|date=2008-10-23|publisher=OUP Oxford|isbn=978-0-19-954369-4|pages=238}}</ref> ਇੱਕ ਪਰੰਪਰਾਗਤ ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰੀ ਗਲੀਚਾ ਹੈ ਜੋ ਉੱਨ ਦੇ ਧਾਗਿਆਂ ਨੂੰ ਬੁਣਨ ਦੀ ਬਜਾਏ ਉੱਨ ਦੇ [[ਫੈਲਟ|ਫਾਲਟ]] ਦੁਆਰਾ ਤਿਆਰ ਕੀਤਾ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ। ਉੱਨ ਜੋ ਜਿਉਂਦੀਆਂ ਭੇਡਾਂ ਦੇ ਉੱਨ ਤੋਂ ਸਿੱਧਾ ਆਉਂਦੀ ਹੈ, ਨੂੰ ਛਾਂਟਿਆ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ, ਸਾਫ਼ ਕੀਤਾ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ, ਰੰਗਿਆ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ ਅਤੇ ਕਈ ਪਰਤਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਆਪਸ ਵਿੱਚ ਮਿਲਾਇਆ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ, ਸਾਬਣ ਕੀਤਾ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ ਅਤੇ ਫੀਲਡ ਕੀਤਾ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ। ਬਾਅਦ ਵਿੱਚ ਗਲੀਚੇ ਨੂੰ ਚੇਨ ਸਟੀਚ ''ਆਰੀ'' ਕਢਾਈ<ref>{{Cite web<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">|url=http://ipindia.nic.in/girindia/journal/Journal_75.pdf</del>|title=GOVERNMENT OF INDIA GEOGRAPHICAL INDICATIONS JOURNAL NO.75<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">|date=2015-11-26</del>|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160204105330/http://ipindia.nic.in/girindia/journal/Journal_75.pdf|archive-date=2016-02-04|access-date=2020-12-27}}</ref> <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">ਨਾਲ</del> <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">ਵਿਪਰੀਤ</del> <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">ਰੰਗੇ</del> <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">ਹੋਏ ਧਾਗਿਆਂ ਨਾਲ ਸਜਾਇਆ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ।</del><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=E5J6bO8qQ7YC&dq=Namda+carpet&pg=PA198<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">|title=History,</del> <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Religion and Culture of India|last=Gajrani|first=S.</del>|date=2004|publisher=Gyan Publishing House|isbn=978-81-8205-060-0|pages=198}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/photos/india-news/namda-the-traditional-felted-craft-of-kashmir/photo-KuRJVeDIe1EoNgJpRJarDI.html|<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">title=Namda </del>-<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> The traditional felted craft of Kashmir|</del>date=<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">2017</del>-<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">02</del>-<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">17</del>|website=Hindustan Times<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">|access-date=2020-12-27</del>}}</ref><ref name=":0"<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">>{{Cite</del> <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">web|url=https:</del>/<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">/www.greaterkashmir.com/news/business/-handicrafts-important-for-jk-economy/105427.html|title=Handicrafts important for JK economy|website=greaterkashmir.com|publisher=Greater Kashmir}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.greaterkashmir.com/news/business/-handicrafts-important-for-jk-economy/105427.html "Handicrafts important for JK economy"]. ''greaterkashmir.com''. Greater Kashmir.</cite></ref</del>> ਜਾਂ ਫੀਟ ਦੇ ਟੁਕੜਿਆਂ ਨਾਲ ਸਜਾਇਆ ਗਿਆ.</div></td> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td> <td class="diff-addedline diff-side-added"><div>ਨਾਮਦਾ<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Nvu17oLIQNgC&dq=Namda+carpet&pg=PA238|title=From Bonbon to Cha-cha: Oxford Dictionary of Foreign Words and Phrases|last=Delahunty|first=Andrew|date=2008-10-23|publisher=OUP Oxford|isbn=978-0-19-954369-4|pages=238}}</ref> ਇੱਕ ਪਰੰਪਰਾਗਤ ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰੀ ਗਲੀਚਾ ਹੈ ਜੋ ਉੱਨ ਦੇ ਧਾਗਿਆਂ ਨੂੰ ਬੁਣਨ ਦੀ ਬਜਾਏ ਉੱਨ ਦੇ [[ਫੈਲਟ|ਫਾਲਟ]] ਦੁਆਰਾ ਤਿਆਰ ਕੀਤਾ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ। ਉੱਨ ਜੋ ਜਿਉਂਦੀਆਂ ਭੇਡਾਂ ਦੇ ਉੱਨ ਤੋਂ ਸਿੱਧਾ ਆਉਂਦੀ ਹੈ, ਨੂੰ ਛਾਂਟਿਆ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ, ਸਾਫ਼ ਕੀਤਾ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ, ਰੰਗਿਆ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ ਅਤੇ ਕਈ ਪਰਤਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਆਪਸ ਵਿੱਚ ਮਿਲਾਇਆ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ, ਸਾਬਣ ਕੀਤਾ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ ਅਤੇ ਫੀਲਡ ਕੀਤਾ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ। ਬਾਅਦ ਵਿੱਚ ਗਲੀਚੇ ਨੂੰ ਚੇਨ ਸਟੀਚ ''ਆਰੀ'' ਕਢਾਈ<ref>{{Cite web|title=GOVERNMENT OF INDIA GEOGRAPHICAL INDICATIONS JOURNAL NO.75<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> </ins>|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160204105330/http://ipindia.nic.in/girindia/journal/Journal_75.pdf<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> </ins>|archive-date=2016-02-04<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">|date=2015-11-26|url=http://ipindia.nic.in/girindia/journal/Journal_75.pdf</ins>|access-date=2020-12-27}}</ref> <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">with</ins> <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">contrasting</ins> <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">dyed</ins> <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">threads.</ins><ref>{{Cite book<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">|last=Gajrani|first=S. |title=History, Religion and Culture of India </ins>|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=E5J6bO8qQ7YC&dq=Namda+carpet&pg=PA198 |date=2004<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> </ins>|publisher=Gyan Publishing House|isbn=978-81-8205-060-0|pages=198}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">|date=2017-02-17|title=Namda - The traditional felted craft of Kashmir</ins>|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/photos/india-news/namda-the-traditional-felted-craft-of-kashmir/photo-KuRJVeDIe1EoNgJpRJarDI.html|<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">access</ins>-date=<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">2020</ins>-<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">12</ins>-<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">27 </ins>|website=Hindustan Times}}</ref><ref name=":0" /> ਜਾਂ ਫੀਟ ਦੇ ਟੁਕੜਿਆਂ ਨਾਲ ਸਜਾਇਆ ਗਿਆ.</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><br /></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><br /></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><div>ਮੱਧ ਏਸ਼ੀਆਈ ਮੈਦਾਨਾਂ ਅਤੇ ਪਹਾੜਾਂ ਦੇ ਖਾਨਾਬਦੋਸ਼ ਖੇਤੀ ਕਬੀਲੇ [[ਲੋਹਾ ਯੁੱਗ|ਲੋਹੇ ਦੇ ਯੁੱਗ]] ਦੇ ਅੰਤ ਵਿੱਚ ਪਹਿਲਾਂ ਹੀ [[ਕਿਰਗਿਜ਼ਸਤਾਨ|ਫਿਲਟਿੰਗ]] ਦੀ ਤਕਨੀਕ ਨੂੰ ਜਾਣਦੇ ਸਨ ਅਤੇ ਫੀਲਡ ਕਾਰਪੇਟ ਅਜੇ ਵੀ ਕਿਰਗਿਜ਼ਸਤਾਨ, [[ਕਜ਼ਾਖ਼ਸਤਾਨ|ਕਜ਼ਾਕਿਸਤਾਨ]], [[ਉਜ਼ਬੇਕਿਸਤਾਨ]], [[ਮੰਗੋਲੀਆ]], [[ਪਾਕਿਸਤਾਨ]] ਦੇ ਕੁਝ ਹਿੱਸਿਆਂ ਅਤੇ [[ਤੁਰਕੀ]] ਵਰਗੇ ਦੇਸ਼ਾਂ ਦੇ ਸੱਭਿਆਚਾਰ ਦਾ ਹਿੱਸਾ ਹਨ। ਭਾਰਤ ਵਿੱਚ, ''ਨਾਮਦਾ'' ਮੁਗਲ ਬਾਦਸ਼ਾਹ [[ਅਕਬਰ]] (1556-1605) ਦੇ ਸਮੇਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਪ੍ਰਸਿੱਧ ਹੋਇਆ ਸੀ। ਇਹ ਕਿਹਾ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ ਕਿ ਉਹ ਆਪਣੇ ਘੋੜੇ ਨੂੰ ਠੰਡ ਤੋਂ ਬਚਾਉਣ ਲਈ ਤੋਹਫ਼ੇ ਵਜੋਂ ਦਿੱਤੇ ਗਏ ਨਾਮਦਾ ਤੋਂ ਇੰਨਾ ਪ੍ਰਭਾਵਿਤ ਹੋਇਆ ਕਿ ਬਾਦਸ਼ਾਹ ਨੇ ''ਨਾਮਦਾ'' ਬਣਾਉਣ ਵਾਲੇ, ਨੂਬੀ ਨੂੰ ਵੱਡੀ ਜ਼ਮੀਨ ਦਿੱਤੀ।<ref name=":outlook traveller">{{Cite web|url=https://www.outlookindia.com/outlooktraveller/explore/story/72539/grab-a-rug-the-namda-from-kashmir|title=Grab A Rug: The Namda From Kashmir|website=Outlook Traveller|language=en|access-date=2022-12-12}}</ref></div></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><div>ਮੱਧ ਏਸ਼ੀਆਈ ਮੈਦਾਨਾਂ ਅਤੇ ਪਹਾੜਾਂ ਦੇ ਖਾਨਾਬਦੋਸ਼ ਖੇਤੀ ਕਬੀਲੇ [[ਲੋਹਾ ਯੁੱਗ|ਲੋਹੇ ਦੇ ਯੁੱਗ]] ਦੇ ਅੰਤ ਵਿੱਚ ਪਹਿਲਾਂ ਹੀ [[ਕਿਰਗਿਜ਼ਸਤਾਨ|ਫਿਲਟਿੰਗ]] ਦੀ ਤਕਨੀਕ ਨੂੰ ਜਾਣਦੇ ਸਨ ਅਤੇ ਫੀਲਡ ਕਾਰਪੇਟ ਅਜੇ ਵੀ ਕਿਰਗਿਜ਼ਸਤਾਨ, [[ਕਜ਼ਾਖ਼ਸਤਾਨ|ਕਜ਼ਾਕਿਸਤਾਨ]], [[ਉਜ਼ਬੇਕਿਸਤਾਨ]], [[ਮੰਗੋਲੀਆ]], [[ਪਾਕਿਸਤਾਨ]] ਦੇ ਕੁਝ ਹਿੱਸਿਆਂ ਅਤੇ [[ਤੁਰਕੀ]] ਵਰਗੇ ਦੇਸ਼ਾਂ ਦੇ ਸੱਭਿਆਚਾਰ ਦਾ ਹਿੱਸਾ ਹਨ। ਭਾਰਤ ਵਿੱਚ, ''ਨਾਮਦਾ'' ਮੁਗਲ ਬਾਦਸ਼ਾਹ [[ਅਕਬਰ]] (1556-1605) ਦੇ ਸਮੇਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਪ੍ਰਸਿੱਧ ਹੋਇਆ ਸੀ। ਇਹ ਕਿਹਾ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ ਕਿ ਉਹ ਆਪਣੇ ਘੋੜੇ ਨੂੰ ਠੰਡ ਤੋਂ ਬਚਾਉਣ ਲਈ ਤੋਹਫ਼ੇ ਵਜੋਂ ਦਿੱਤੇ ਗਏ ਨਾਮਦਾ ਤੋਂ ਇੰਨਾ ਪ੍ਰਭਾਵਿਤ ਹੋਇਆ ਕਿ ਬਾਦਸ਼ਾਹ ਨੇ ''ਨਾਮਦਾ'' ਬਣਾਉਣ ਵਾਲੇ, ਨੂਬੀ ਨੂੰ ਵੱਡੀ ਜ਼ਮੀਨ ਦਿੱਤੀ।<ref name=":outlook traveller">{{Cite web|url=https://www.outlookindia.com/outlooktraveller/explore/story/72539/grab-a-rug-the-namda-from-kashmir|title=Grab A Rug: The Namda From Kashmir|website=Outlook Traveller|language=en|access-date=2022-12-12}}</ref></div></td> </tr> </table><hr class='diff-hr' id='mw-oldid' /> <h2 class='diff-currentversion-title'>08:40, 3 ਫ਼ਰਵਰੀ 2023 ਦਾ ਦੁਹਰਾਅ</h2> <div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="pa" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%B5%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B0:Kmrwalnut.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Kmrwalnut.jpg/220px-Kmrwalnut.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="137" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Kmrwalnut.jpg/330px-Kmrwalnut.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Kmrwalnut.jpg/440px-Kmrwalnut.jpg 2x" data-file-width="590" data-file-height="367" /></a><figcaption> ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰੀ ਕਾਰੀਗਰ ਅਖਰੋਟ ਦੀ ਲੱਕੜ ਦੀ ਨੱਕਾਸ਼ੀ ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰੀ ਅਖਰੋਟ ਦੀ ਲੱਕੜ ਦੀ ਨੱਕਾਸ਼ੀ</figcaption></figure> <p><b>ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰੀ ਦਸਤਕਾਰੀ</b> <a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%95" title="ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰੀ ਲੋਕ">ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰੀ ਲੋਕਾਂ</a> ਅਤੇ ਕਾਰੀਗਰਾਂ ਦੀ ਇੱਕ ਰਵਾਇਤੀ ਕਲਾ ਹੈ ਜੋ ਹੱਥਾਂ ਨਾਲ ਵਸਤੂਆਂ ਬਣਾਉਂਦੇ, ਸ਼ਿਲਪਕਾਰੀ ਅਤੇ ਸਜਾਉਂਦੇ ਹਨ। ਸ੍ਰੀਨਗਰ, ਗੰਦਰਬਲ ਅਤੇ ਬਡਗਾਮ ਕੇਂਦਰੀ <a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B0_%E0%A8%98%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%9F%E0%A9%80" title="ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰ ਘਾਟੀ">ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰ</a> ਦੇ ਮੁੱਖ ਜ਼ਿਲ੍ਹੇ ਹਨ ਜੋ ਸਦੀਆਂ ਤੋਂ ਦਸਤਕਾਰੀ ਉਤਪਾਦ ਬਣਾਉਂਦੇ ਆ ਰਹੇ ਹਨ। ਸ਼੍ਰੀਨਗਰ, ਗੰਦਰਬਲ ਅਤੇ ਬਡਗਾਮ ਸਮੇਤ ਇਸ ਦੇ ਬਾਕੀ ਜ਼ਿਲ੍ਹੇ ਆਪਣੀ ਸੱਭਿਆਚਾਰਕ ਵਿਰਾਸਤ ਲਈ ਸਭ ਤੋਂ ਮਸ਼ਹੂਰ ਹਨ ਜੋ <a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%9C%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%82_%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%87_%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B0_(%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%82%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%B0_%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%A4_%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%8D%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%A6%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC)" title="ਜੰਮੂ ਅਤੇ ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰ (ਕੇਂਦਰ ਸ਼ਾਸਿਤ ਪ੍ਰਦੇਸ਼)">ਜੰਮੂ ਅਤੇ ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰ</a>, ਭਾਰਤ ਵਿੱਚ ਦਸਤਕਾਰੀ ਉਦਯੋਗ ਦਾ ਵਿਸਤਾਰ ਕਰਦਾ ਹੈ। </p><p>ਪਾਲਕੀ, ਚਾਦਰਾਂ, ਤਣੇ, ਸਿਆਹੀ ਦੇ ਸਟੈਂਡ, ਬਕਸੇ ਅਤੇ ਚਮਚਿਆਂ ਨਾਲ ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰ ਦੀ ਕਲਾ ਪੂਰੇ ਭਾਰਤ ਵਿੱਚ ਮਸ਼ਹੂਰ ਹੈ, ਇਸ ਤੋਂ ਇਲਾਵਾ, ਸ਼ਾਲ ਬਣਾਉਣਾ ਬੇਮਿਸਾਲ ਹੈ। ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰੀ ਰਵਾਇਤੀ ਤੌਰ 'ਤੇ ਸਧਾਰਨ ਵਸਤੂਆਂ ਅਤੇ ਸਮੱਗਰੀਆਂ ਨਾਲ ਵੱਖ-ਵੱਖ ਤਰ੍ਹਾਂ ਦੇ ਦਸਤਕਾਰੀ ਉਤਪਾਦ ਬਣਾਉਂਦੇ ਹਨ। ਕੁਝ ਪ੍ਰਸਿੱਧ ਖੇਤਰ ਹਨ ਟੈਕਸਟਾਈਲ, ਗਲੀਚੇ ਅਤੇ ਗਲੀਚੇ, ਕਰੂਅਲ ਕਢਾਈ, ਫੂਲ ਕਾਰੀ, ਚਾਂਦੀ ਦੇ ਭਾਂਡੇ, ਲੱਕੜ ਦਾ ਕੰਮ ਅਤੇ ਪੇਪਰ-ਮਾਚੇ, ਆਦਿ।<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰ ਦੇ ਬਹੁਤ ਸਾਰੇ ਕਾਰੀਗਰਾਂ ਲਈ ਦਸਤਕਾਰੀ ਜੀਵਨ ਦਾ ਸਾਧਨ ਹੈ।<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰ_ਪੇਪਰ-ਮਾਚੇ"><span id=".E0.A8.95.E0.A8.B8.E0.A8.BC.E0.A8.AE.E0.A9.80.E0.A8.B0_.E0.A8.AA.E0.A9.87.E0.A8.AA.E0.A8.B0-.E0.A8.AE.E0.A8.BE.E0.A8.9A.E0.A9.87"></span>ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰ ਪੇਪਰ-ਮਾਚੇ</h2></div> <p>ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰ ਪੇਪਰ-ਮੈਚਿਸ, ਇੱਕ ਸ਼ਿਲਪਕਾਰੀ ਜਿਸ ਨੂੰ ਮੁਸਲਮਾਨ ਸੰਤ ਮੀਰ ਸੱਯਦ ਅਲੀ ਹਮਦਾਨੀ ਦੁਆਰਾ 14ਵੀਂ ਸਦੀ ਵਿੱਚ <a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%88%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A8" title="ਈਰਾਨ">ਪਰਸ਼ੀਆ</a> ਤੋਂ ਮੱਧਕਾਲੀ ਭਾਰਤ ਵਿੱਚ ਲਿਆਂਦਾ ਗਿਆ ਸੀ। ਇਹ ਮੁੱਖ ਤੌਰ 'ਤੇ ਕਾਗਜ਼ ਦੇ ਮਿੱਝ 'ਤੇ ਅਧਾਰਤ ਹੈ, ਅਤੇ ਇੱਕ ਸ਼ਾਨਦਾਰ ਸਜਾਵਟ, ਰੰਗੀਨ ਕਲਾਕ੍ਰਿਤੀ ਹੈ; ਆਮ ਤੌਰ 'ਤੇ ਫੁੱਲਦਾਨਾਂ, ਕਟੋਰੀਆਂ, ਜਾਂ ਕੱਪਾਂ (ਧਾਤੂ ਰਿਮਾਂ ਦੇ ਨਾਲ ਅਤੇ ਬਿਨਾਂ), ਬਕਸੇ, ਟ੍ਰੇ, ਲੈਂਪ ਦੇ ਅਧਾਰ ਅਤੇ ਹੋਰ ਬਹੁਤ ਸਾਰੀਆਂ ਛੋਟੀਆਂ ਵਸਤੂਆਂ ਦੇ ਰੂਪ ਵਿੱਚ।<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰ_ਅਖਰੋਟ_ਦੀ_ਲੱਕੜ_ਦੀ_ਨੱਕਾਸ਼ੀ"><span id=".E0.A8.95.E0.A8.B8.E0.A8.BC.E0.A8.AE.E0.A9.80.E0.A8.B0_.E0.A8.85.E0.A8.96.E0.A8.B0.E0.A9.8B.E0.A8.9F_.E0.A8.A6.E0.A9.80_.E0.A8.B2.E0.A9.B1.E0.A8.95.E0.A9.9C_.E0.A8.A6.E0.A9.80_.E0.A8.A8.E0.A9.B1.E0.A8.95.E0.A8.BE.E0.A8.B8.E0.A8.BC.E0.A9.80"></span>ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰ ਅਖਰੋਟ ਦੀ ਲੱਕੜ ਦੀ ਨੱਕਾਸ਼ੀ</h2></div> <p>ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰ ਅਖਰੋਟ ਦੀ ਲੱਕੜ ਦੀ ਨੱਕਾਸ਼ੀ ਵਧੀਆ ਲੱਕੜ ਦੀ ਨੱਕਾਸ਼ੀ ਦਾ ਇੱਕ ਸ਼ਿਲਪਕਾਰੀ ਹੈ। ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰ ਖੇਤਰ ਵਿੱਚ ਵਿਆਪਕ ਤੌਰ 'ਤੇ ਉੱਗਦਾ <i>ਜੁਗਲਾਨ ਰੇਜੀਆ</i> ਦਾ ਰੁੱਖ ਲੱਕੜ ਦੀ ਨੱਕਾਸ਼ੀ ਲਈ ਵਰਤਿਆ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ, ਅਤੇ ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰ <a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%9F_(%E0%A8%AC%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%9C)" title="ਅਖਰੋਟ (ਬੀਜ)">ਅਖਰੋਟ</a> ਦੇ ਰੁੱਖਾਂ ਦੀ ਉਪਲਬਧਤਾ ਲਈ ਕੁਝ ਥਾਵਾਂ ਵਿੱਚੋਂ ਇੱਕ ਹੈ।<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESaraf1987_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESaraf1987-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ਅਖਰੋਟ ਦੀ ਲੱਕੜ ਮੇਜ਼, ਗਹਿਣਿਆਂ ਦੇ ਬਕਸੇ, ਟਰੇਅ ਆਦਿ ਬਣਾਉਣ ਲਈ ਵਰਤੀ ਜਾਂਦੀ ਹੈ। </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="ਕੱਪੜੇ"><span id=".E0.A8.95.E0.A9.B1.E0.A8.AA.E0.A9.9C.E0.A9.87"></span>ਕੱਪੜੇ</h2></div> <p>ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰ ਊਨੀ ਸਮੱਗਰੀ ਦਾ ਕੇਂਦਰ ਸੀ। ਵੱਖ-ਵੱਖ ਕਿਸਮਾਂ ਦੇ ਸ਼ਾਲ ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰ ਦਾ ਪ੍ਰਸਿੱਧ ਉਤਪਾਦ ਸਨ। </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰ_ਸ਼ਾਲ"><span id=".E0.A8.95.E0.A8.B8.E0.A8.BC.E0.A8.AE.E0.A9.80.E0.A8.B0_.E0.A8.B8.E0.A8.BC.E0.A8.BE.E0.A8.B2"></span>ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰ ਸ਼ਾਲ</h3></div> <p>15ਵੀਂ ਸਦੀ ਦੇ ਅਖੀਰ ਤੱਕ <a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A8" title="ਤੁਰਕਿਸਤਾਨ">ਤੁਰਕਿਸਤਾਨ</a> ਦੇ ਮੁਸਲਿਮ ਕਾਰੀਗਰਾਂ ਦੁਆਰਾ ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰ ਲਈ ਸ਼ਾਲਾਂ ਇੱਕ ਵਿਦੇਸ਼ੀ ਆਯਾਤ ਰਿਹਾ ਹੈ। ਤੀਸਰੇ <a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%B2_%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B9%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%82_%E0%A8%A6%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%B8%E0%A9%82%E0%A8%9A%E0%A9%80" class="mw-redirect" title="ਮੁਗ਼ਲ ਬਾਦਸ਼ਾਹਾਂ ਦੀ ਸੂਚੀ">ਮੁਗਲ ਸਮਰਾਟ</a> ਅਕਬਰ ਦੁਆਰਾ <a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%88%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A8" title="ਈਰਾਨ">ਫ਼ਾਰਸੀ</a> ਮਾਸਟਰਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਲਿਆਂਦਾ ਗਿਆ ਸੀ, ਜਿਸ ਨੇ ਸ਼ਾਲ ਅਤੇ ਕਾਰਪੇਟ ਬੁਣਾਈ ਦੀਆਂ ਸਥਾਨਕ ਸ਼ਿਲਪਕਾਰੀ ਅਤੇ ਤਕਨੀਕਾਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਸੁਧਾਰ ਕੀਤਾ ਸੀ।<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰੀ ਸ਼ਾਲ ਇੱਕ ਕਿਸਮ ਦੀ ਸ਼ਾਲ ਹੈ ਜੋ ਇਸਦੀ ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰੀ ਬੁਣਾਈ ਲਈ ਵੱਖਰੀ ਹੈ, ਅਤੇ ਰਵਾਇਤੀ ਤੌਰ 'ਤੇ ਸ਼ਾਹਤੂਸ਼ ਜਾਂ ਪਸ਼ਮੀਨਾ ਉੱਨ ਦੀ ਬਣੀ ਹੋਈ ਹੈ।   </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="ਪਸ਼ਮੀਨਾ_ਜਾਂ_ਕਰ_ਅਮੀਰ"><span id=".E0.A8.AA.E0.A8.B8.E0.A8.BC.E0.A8.AE.E0.A9.80.E0.A8.A8.E0.A8.BE_.E0.A8.9C.E0.A8.BE.E0.A8.82_.E0.A8.95.E0.A8.B0_.E0.A8.85.E0.A8.AE.E0.A9.80.E0.A8.B0"></span>ਪਸ਼ਮੀਨਾ ਜਾਂ ਕਰ ਅਮੀਰ</h3></div> <p>ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰ ਦੇ ਜ਼ਿਆਦਾਤਰ ਉੱਨੀ ਕੱਪੜੇ, ਅਤੇ ਖਾਸ ਤੌਰ 'ਤੇ ਸਭ ਤੋਂ ਵਧੀਆ ਕੁਆਲਿਟੀ ਦੇ ਸ਼ਾਲ, <i>ਪਸ਼ਮ</i> ਜਾਂ <i>ਪਸ਼ਮੀਨਾ</i> ਦੇ ਬਣੇ ਹੋਏ ਹਨ, ਜੋ ਕਿ <i><a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%AC%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80" title="ਬੱਕਰੀ">ਕੈਪਰਾ ਹਰਕਸ</a></i> ਦੀ ਉੱਨ ਹੈ, ਜੋ ਕਿ ਜੰਗਲੀ ਏਸ਼ੀਆਈ ਪਹਾੜੀ ਬੱਕਰੀ ਦੀ ਇੱਕ ਪ੍ਰਜਾਤੀ ਹੈ। ਇਸ ਲਈ ਸ਼ਾਲਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਪਸ਼ਮੀਨਾ ਕਿਹਾ ਜਾਣ ਲੱਗਾ। </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="ਦੋਉ-ਸ਼ਾਲਾ"><span id=".E0.A8.A6.E0.A9.8B.E0.A8.89-.E0.A8.B8.E0.A8.BC.E0.A8.BE.E0.A8.B2.E0.A8.BE"></span>ਦੋਉ-ਸ਼ਾਲਾ</h3></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%B0" title="ਅਕਬਰ">ਬਾਦਸ਼ਾਹ ਅਕਬਰ</a> ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰ ਦੇ ਸ਼ਾਲਾਂ ਦਾ ਬਹੁਤ ਵੱਡਾ ਪ੍ਰਸ਼ੰਸਕ ਸੀ। ਇਹ ਉਹ ਹੀ ਸੀ ਜਿਸ ਨੇ ਉਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਡੁਪਲੀਕੇਟ ਪਹਿਨਣ ਦਾ ਫੈਸ਼ਨ ਸ਼ੁਰੂ ਕੀਤਾ, ਪਿੱਛੇ ਤੋਂ ਪਿੱਛੇ ਸਿਲਾਈ, ਤਾਂ ਜੋ ਸ਼ਾਲਾਂ ਦੀਆਂ ਹੇਠਲੀਆਂ ਸਤਹਾਂ ਕਦੇ ਨਾ ਦਿਖਾਈ ਦੇਣ। ਉਸ ਸਮੇਂ ਦੌਰਾਨ ਸਭ ਤੋਂ ਵੱਧ ਲੋੜੀਂਦੇ ਸ਼ਾਲ ਉਹ ਸਨ ਜੋ ਸੋਨੇ ਅਤੇ ਚਾਂਦੀ ਦੇ ਧਾਗੇ ਵਿੱਚ ਕੰਮ ਕੀਤੇ ਗਏ ਸਨ ਜਾਂ ਸੋਨੇ, ਚਾਂਦੀ ਅਤੇ ਰੇਸ਼ਮ ਦੇ ਧਾਗੇ ਨਾਲ ਸਜਾਏ ਗਏ ਬਾਰਡਰ ਵਾਲੇ ਸ਼ਾਲਾਂ ਸਨ। </p><p><i>ਡੋ-ਸ਼ਾਲਾ</i>, ਜਿਵੇਂ ਕਿ ਨਾਮ ("ਦੋ-ਸ਼ਾਲ") ਨੂੰ ਦਰਸਾਉਂਦਾ ਹੈ, ਹਮੇਸ਼ਾ ਜੋੜਿਆਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਵੇਚਿਆ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ, ਇਹਨਾਂ ਦੀਆਂ ਕਈ ਕਿਸਮਾਂ ਹਨ। <i>ਖਲੀ-ਮਤਾਨ</i> ਵਿੱਚ ਕੇਂਦਰੀ ਖੇਤਰ ਬਿਲਕੁਲ ਸਾਦਾ ਅਤੇ ਬਿਨਾਂ ਕਿਸੇ ਸਜਾਵਟ ਦੇ ਹੁੰਦਾ ਹੈ। </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="ਕਾਨੀ_ਸ਼ਾਲ"><span id=".E0.A8.95.E0.A8.BE.E0.A8.A8.E0.A9.80_.E0.A8.B8.E0.A8.BC.E0.A8.BE.E0.A8.B2"></span>ਕਾਨੀ ਸ਼ਾਲ</h3></div> <p>ਕਾਨੀ ਸ਼ਾਲ ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰ ਦੇ ਕਨਿਹਾਮਾ ਖੇਤਰ ਤੋਂ ਪੈਦਾ ਹੋਈ ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰ ਸ਼ਾਲ ਦੀ ਇੱਕ ਹੋਰ ਕਿਸਮ ਹੈ। ਇਹ ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰ ਦੇ ਸਭ ਤੋਂ ਪੁਰਾਣੇ ਦਸਤਕਾਰੀ ਵਿੱਚੋਂ ਇੱਕ ਹੈ। ਇਹ ਸ਼ਿਲਪ <a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%B2_%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%A4" title="ਮੁਗ਼ਲ ਸਲਤਨਤ">ਮੁਗਲਾਂ</a> ਦੇ ਸਮੇਂ ਤੋਂ ਹੀ ਘਾਟੀ ਦਾ ਹਿੱਸਾ ਰਹੀ ਹੈ। ਸ਼ਾਲ <a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%AA%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%BE" title="ਪਸ਼ਮੀਨਾ">ਪਸ਼ਮੀਨਾ</a> ਧਾਗੇ ਤੋਂ ਬੁਣੇ ਜਾਂਦੇ ਹਨ।<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="ਗਲੀਚੇ,_ਗਲੀਚੇ_ਅਤੇ_ਚਟਾਈ"><span id=".E0.A8.97.E0.A8.B2.E0.A9.80.E0.A8.9A.E0.A9.87.2C_.E0.A8.97.E0.A8.B2.E0.A9.80.E0.A8.9A.E0.A9.87_.E0.A8.85.E0.A8.A4.E0.A9.87_.E0.A8.9A.E0.A8.9F.E0.A8.BE.E0.A8.88"></span>ਗਲੀਚੇ, ਗਲੀਚੇ ਅਤੇ ਚਟਾਈ</h2></div> <p>ਕਿਹਾ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ ਕਿ ਕਾਰਪੇਟ ਮੱਧ ਏਸ਼ੀਆ ਦੇ ਨਦੀਆਂ ਅਤੇ ਪਿੰਡਾਂ ਤੋਂ ਪੈਦਾ ਹੋਏ ਹਨ। ਗਲੀਚੇ ਦੀ ਬੁਣਾਈ ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰ ਨੂੰ ਇਹਨਾਂ ਵਪਾਰਕ ਕਾਫ਼ਲਿਆਂ ਦਾ ਤੋਹਫ਼ਾ ਬਣ ਗਈ।<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰ ਕਈ ਕਿਸਮਾਂ ਦੇ ਹੱਥਾਂ ਨਾਲ ਬਣੇ, ਹੱਥਾਂ ਨਾਲ ਬੰਨ੍ਹੇ ਫਰਸ਼ ਨੂੰ ਢੱਕਣ ਵਾਲੀਆਂ ਚੀਜ਼ਾਂ ਜਿਵੇਂ ਕਿ ਕਾਰਪੇਟ ਅਤੇ ਗਲੀਚੇ ਪੈਦਾ ਕਰਦਾ ਹੈ। ਕਾਰਪੇਟ ਪੈਦਾ ਕਰਨ ਦਾ ਇੱਕ ਹੋਰ ਵਿਆਪਕ ਤੌਰ 'ਤੇ ਵਰਤਿਆ ਜਾਣ ਵਾਲਾ ਤਰੀਕਾ ਉੱਨ ਦੀ <a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%AB%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%9F" title="ਫੈਲਟ">ਫੀਲਿੰਗ</a> ਸੀ ਅਤੇ ਹੈ। </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="ਨਾਮਦਾ"><span id=".E0.A8.A8.E0.A8.BE.E0.A8.AE.E0.A8.A6.E0.A8.BE"></span>ਨਾਮਦਾ</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%B5%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B0:Portrait_of_Mughal_prince_Sultan_Murad.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Portrait_of_Mughal_prince_Sultan_Murad.jpg/220px-Portrait_of_Mughal_prince_Sultan_Murad.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="345" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Portrait_of_Mughal_prince_Sultan_Murad.jpg/330px-Portrait_of_Mughal_prince_Sultan_Murad.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Portrait_of_Mughal_prince_Sultan_Murad.jpg/440px-Portrait_of_Mughal_prince_Sultan_Murad.jpg 2x" data-file-width="802" data-file-height="1259" /></a><figcaption> ਮੁਗਲ ਰਾਜਕੁਮਾਰ ਸੁਲਤਾਨ ਮੁਰਾਦ ਦੀ ਤਸਵੀਰ, ਇੱਕ ਮਹਿਸੂਸ ਕੀਤੇ ਨਾਮਦਾ ਗਲੀਚੇ 'ਤੇ ਗੋਡੇ ਟੇਕਦੇ ਹੋਏ ਦਰਸਾਇਆ ਗਿਆ ਹੈ (ਸੀਏ 1600)</figcaption></figure> <p>ਨਾਮਦਾ<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ਇੱਕ ਪਰੰਪਰਾਗਤ ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰੀ ਗਲੀਚਾ ਹੈ ਜੋ ਉੱਨ ਦੇ ਧਾਗਿਆਂ ਨੂੰ ਬੁਣਨ ਦੀ ਬਜਾਏ ਉੱਨ ਦੇ <a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%AB%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%9F" title="ਫੈਲਟ">ਫਾਲਟ</a> ਦੁਆਰਾ ਤਿਆਰ ਕੀਤਾ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ। ਉੱਨ ਜੋ ਜਿਉਂਦੀਆਂ ਭੇਡਾਂ ਦੇ ਉੱਨ ਤੋਂ ਸਿੱਧਾ ਆਉਂਦੀ ਹੈ, ਨੂੰ ਛਾਂਟਿਆ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ, ਸਾਫ਼ ਕੀਤਾ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ, ਰੰਗਿਆ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ ਅਤੇ ਕਈ ਪਰਤਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਆਪਸ ਵਿੱਚ ਮਿਲਾਇਆ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ, ਸਾਬਣ ਕੀਤਾ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ ਅਤੇ ਫੀਲਡ ਕੀਤਾ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ। ਬਾਅਦ ਵਿੱਚ ਗਲੀਚੇ ਨੂੰ ਚੇਨ ਸਟੀਚ <i>ਆਰੀ</i> ਕਢਾਈ<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with contrasting dyed threads.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ਜਾਂ ਫੀਟ ਦੇ ਟੁਕੜਿਆਂ ਨਾਲ ਸਜਾਇਆ ਗਿਆ. </p><p>ਮੱਧ ਏਸ਼ੀਆਈ ਮੈਦਾਨਾਂ ਅਤੇ ਪਹਾੜਾਂ ਦੇ ਖਾਨਾਬਦੋਸ਼ ਖੇਤੀ ਕਬੀਲੇ <a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%B9%E0%A8%BE_%E0%A8%AF%E0%A9%81%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%97" title="ਲੋਹਾ ਯੁੱਗ">ਲੋਹੇ ਦੇ ਯੁੱਗ</a> ਦੇ ਅੰਤ ਵਿੱਚ ਪਹਿਲਾਂ ਹੀ <a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A8" title="ਕਿਰਗਿਜ਼ਸਤਾਨ">ਫਿਲਟਿੰਗ</a> ਦੀ ਤਕਨੀਕ ਨੂੰ ਜਾਣਦੇ ਸਨ ਅਤੇ ਫੀਲਡ ਕਾਰਪੇਟ ਅਜੇ ਵੀ ਕਿਰਗਿਜ਼ਸਤਾਨ, <a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="ਕਜ਼ਾਖ਼ਸਤਾਨ">ਕਜ਼ਾਕਿਸਤਾਨ</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%89%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%AC%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A8" title="ਉਜ਼ਬੇਕਿਸਤਾਨ">ਉਜ਼ਬੇਕਿਸਤਾਨ</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%97%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%86" title="ਮੰਗੋਲੀਆ">ਮੰਗੋਲੀਆ</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%AA%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A8" title="ਪਾਕਿਸਤਾਨ">ਪਾਕਿਸਤਾਨ</a> ਦੇ ਕੁਝ ਹਿੱਸਿਆਂ ਅਤੇ <a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%80" title="ਤੁਰਕੀ">ਤੁਰਕੀ</a> ਵਰਗੇ ਦੇਸ਼ਾਂ ਦੇ ਸੱਭਿਆਚਾਰ ਦਾ ਹਿੱਸਾ ਹਨ। ਭਾਰਤ ਵਿੱਚ, <i>ਨਾਮਦਾ</i> ਮੁਗਲ ਬਾਦਸ਼ਾਹ <a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%B0" title="ਅਕਬਰ">ਅਕਬਰ</a> (1556-1605) ਦੇ ਸਮੇਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਪ੍ਰਸਿੱਧ ਹੋਇਆ ਸੀ। ਇਹ ਕਿਹਾ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ ਕਿ ਉਹ ਆਪਣੇ ਘੋੜੇ ਨੂੰ ਠੰਡ ਤੋਂ ਬਚਾਉਣ ਲਈ ਤੋਹਫ਼ੇ ਵਜੋਂ ਦਿੱਤੇ ਗਏ ਨਾਮਦਾ ਤੋਂ ਇੰਨਾ ਪ੍ਰਭਾਵਿਤ ਹੋਇਆ ਕਿ ਬਾਦਸ਼ਾਹ ਨੇ <i>ਨਾਮਦਾ</i> ਬਣਾਉਣ ਵਾਲੇ, ਨੂਬੀ ਨੂੰ ਵੱਡੀ ਜ਼ਮੀਨ ਦਿੱਤੀ।<sup id="cite_ref-:outlook_traveller_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:outlook_traveller-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>ਹੁਨਰ ਵਿਕਾਸ ਅਤੇ ਉੱਦਮਤਾ ਮੰਤਰਾਲਾ ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰ ਦੇ 30 ਨਾਮਦਾ ਕਲੱਸਟਰਾਂ ਦੇ 2,000 ਤੋਂ ਵੱਧ ਕਾਰੀਗਰਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਲਾਭ ਦੀ ਉਮੀਦ ਕਰਦੇ ਹੋਏ, ਸ਼ਿਲਪਕਾਰੀ ਨੂੰ ਉਤਸ਼ਾਹਿਤ ਕਰ ਰਿਹਾ ਹੈ। </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="ਕਾਲੀਨ"><span id=".E0.A8.95.E0.A8.BE.E0.A8.B2.E0.A9.80.E0.A8.A8"></span>ਕਾਲੀਨ</h3></div> <p>ਕਾਲੀਨ (ਕਾਲੀਨ, ਕਾਲੀਨ, قالین ) ਇੱਕ ਕਿਸਮ ਦਾ ਹੱਥਾਂ ਨਾਲ ਗੰਢਾਂ ਵਾਲਾ ਢੇਰ ਵਾਲਾ ਕਾਰਪੇਟ ਹੈ।<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ਇਹ ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰੀ ਦਸਤਕਾਰੀ ਦਾ ਇੱਕ ਉਤਪਾਦ ਹੈ, ਇਹ ਉੱਨ ਜਾਂ ਰੇਸ਼ਮ ਨਾਲ ਬਣੇ ਗੁੰਝਲਦਾਰ ਢੰਗ ਨਾਲ ਡਿਜ਼ਾਈਨ ਕੀਤੇ ਗਲੀਚੇ ਹਨ।<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ਸੁਲਤਾਨ ਜ਼ੈਨ-ਉਲ-ਆਬਿਦੀਨ ਬਾਦਸ਼ਾਹ ਬੁਦਸ਼ਾਹ ਨੇ 15ਵੀਂ ਸਦੀ ਵਿੱਚ ਪਰਸ਼ੀਆ ਤੋਂ ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰ ਤੱਕ "ਕਲ ਬਾਫੀ" ਸ਼ਿਲਪਕਾਰੀ (ਹੱਥ ਗੰਢੇ ਹੋਏ ਕਾਰਪੇਟ) ਨੂੰ ਪੇਸ਼ ਕੀਤਾ। ਸੁਲਤਾਨ ਨੇ ਸਥਾਨਕ ਵਸਨੀਕਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਸਿਖਲਾਈ ਦੇਣ ਲਈ ਪਰਸ਼ੀਆ ਅਤੇ ਮੱਧ ਏਸ਼ੀਆ ਤੋਂ ਗਲੀਚਿਆਂ ਦੇ ਬੁਣਕਰਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰ ਲਿਆਂਦਾ।<sup id="cite_ref-:1_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="ਵਾਗੂ"><span id=".E0.A8.B5.E0.A8.BE.E0.A8.97.E0.A9.82"></span>ਵਾਗੂ</h3></div> <p><b>ਵਾਗੂ (ਵਾਗੂਵ</b> <b>[</b> ਜਾਂ <b>ਵਾਗੂ</b> ਵੀ) ਕਾਨੇ ਦੀ ਬਣੀ ਇੱਕ ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰੀ ਚਟਾਈ ਹੈ। ਵਾਗੂ ਨੂੰ ਹੱਥਾਂ ਨਾਲ ਗੰਢ ਕੇ ਬਣਾਇਆ ਗਿਆ ਸੀ। ਵਾਗੂ <a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%AD%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%9A%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0" title="ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰੀ ਸਭਿਆਚਾਰ">ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰੀ ਸੱਭਿਆਚਾਰ</a> ਅਤੇ ਵਿਰਾਸਤ ਦਾ ਹਿੱਸਾ ਹੈ। <a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B0_%E0%A8%98%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%9F%E0%A9%80" title="ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰ ਘਾਟੀ">ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰ ਘਾਟੀ</a> ਦੇ ਘਰਾਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਵਾਗੂ ਦੀ ਨਿਯਮਤ ਤੌਰ 'ਤੇ ਵਰਤੋਂ ਕੀਤੀ ਜਾਂਦੀ ਸੀ। </p><p>ਸੁਲਤਾਨ ਜ਼ੈਨ-ਉਲ-ਆਬਿਦੀਨ ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰ ਵਿਚ ਗਲੀਚਿਆਂ ਦੇ ਬੁਣਕਰ ਲਿਆਏ। ਕਲ ਬਾਫ਼ ਦਾ  ਵਾਗੂ ਨੂੰ ਬੁਣਨ ਲਈ ਵਰਤਿਆ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ  15ਵੀਂ ਸਦੀ ਵਿੱਚ <a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B0" title="ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰ">ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰ</a> ਵਿੱਚ ਮਸ਼ਹੂਰ ਹੋ ਗਿਆ। </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="ਕਢਾਈ_ਦਾ_ਕੰਮ"><span id=".E0.A8.95.E0.A8.A2.E0.A8.BE.E0.A8.88_.E0.A8.A6.E0.A8.BE_.E0.A8.95.E0.A9.B0.E0.A8.AE"></span>ਕਢਾਈ ਦਾ ਕੰਮ</h2></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%A2%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%88" title="ਕਢਾਈ">ਕਢਾਈ</a> ਕਈ ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰੀ ਦਸਤਕਾਰੀ ਦਾ ਇੱਕ ਅਨਿੱਖੜਵਾਂ ਅੰਗ ਹੈ, ਸ਼ਾਲਾਂ, ਗਲੀਚੇ ਅਤੇ ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰੀ ਔਰਤਾਂ <a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%AB%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%A8" title="ਫਿਰਨ">ਦੇ ਫੇਰਨ</a> ਨੂੰ ਗੁੰਝਲਦਾਰ ਕਢਾਈ ਜਾਂ ਪਤਲੇ ਧਾਤ ਦੇ ਧਾਗਿਆਂ ਨਾਲ ਬਣੇ ਫੁੱਲਾਂ ਦੀਆਂ ਸ਼ੈਲੀਆਂ ਨਾਲ ਸ਼ਿੰਗਾਰਿਆ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ ਅਤੇ ਇਸ ਕਿਸਮ ਦੀ ਕਢਾਈ ਨੂੰ ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰੀ ਭਾਸ਼ਾ ਵਿੱਚ 'ਟਿੱਲੇ' ਕਿਹਾ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ। ਕਢਾਈ ਦਾ ਕੰਮ ਰਵਾਇਤੀ ਤੌਰ 'ਤੇ ਖੇਤਰ ਵਿਚ ਔਰਤਾਂ ਵਿਚ ਦੋਵੇਂ ਮਰਦਾਂ ਦੁਆਰਾ ਕੀਤਾ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ।<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESaraf1987_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESaraf1987-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="ਕਰੂਅਲ_ਕਢਾਈ"><span id=".E0.A8.95.E0.A8.B0.E0.A9.82.E0.A8.85.E0.A8.B2_.E0.A8.95.E0.A8.A2.E0.A8.BE.E0.A8.88"></span>ਕਰੂਅਲ ਕਢਾਈ</h3></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="ਪੱਥਰ_ਦੀ_ਸ਼ਿਲਪਕਾਰੀ"><span id=".E0.A8.AA.E0.A9.B1.E0.A8.A5.E0.A8.B0_.E0.A8.A6.E0.A9.80_.E0.A8.B8.E0.A8.BC.E0.A8.BF.E0.A8.B2.E0.A8.AA.E0.A8.95.E0.A8.BE.E0.A8.B0.E0.A9.80"></span>ਪੱਥਰ ਦੀ ਸ਼ਿਲਪਕਾਰੀ</h2></div> <p>ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰੀ ਕਾਰੀਗਰਾਂ ਕੋਲ ਲੱਕੜ ਦੀ ਨੱਕਾਸ਼ੀ, ਪੱਥਰਾਂ ਦਾ ਕੰਮ, ਪੱਥਰ ਦੀ ਪਾਲਿਸ਼, ਕੱਚ ਉਡਾਉਣ ਅਤੇ ਵਿਲੋ ਦੇ ਕੰਮ ਵਿੱਚ ਬਹੁਤ ਤੇਜ਼ ਅਤੇ ਸਾਫ਼-ਸੁਥਰੇ ਹੱਥ ਸਨ। <a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%AB%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%82%E0%A8%B8%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%86_%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%B0" title="ਫ਼ਰਾਂਸੋਆ ਬਰਨੀਅਰ">ਫ੍ਰਾਂਕੋਇਸ ਬਰਨੀਅਰ</a> ਨੇ ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰੀ ਦੀ ਕਲਾ ਦੀ ਸ਼ਲਾਘਾ ਕੀਤੀ ਜਦੋਂ ਉਸਨੇ 1663 ਵਿੱਚ ਲਿਖਿਆ।<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰ ਵਿੱਚ ਪੱਥਰ ਦੀ ਸ਼ਿਲਪਕਾਰੀ ਬਹੁਤ ਪੁਰਾਣੀ ਹੈ; ਸੁੰਦਰ ਆਰਕੀਟੈਕਟ ਅਤੇ ਮੂਰਤੀਆਂ ਦੀਆਂ ਬੇਮਿਸਾਲ ਉਦਾਹਰਣਾਂ ਤਿਆਰ ਕੀਤੀਆਂ ਗਈਆਂ ਸਨ। ਮਾਰਤੰਡ, ਅਵੰਤੀਪੁਰ, ਪਰਿਹਾਰਪੁਰ, ਪਾਟਨ, ਆਦਿ<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESaraf1987_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESaraf1987-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ਦੇ ਮੰਦਰਾਂ ਦੀਆਂ ਕੁਝ ਉਦਾਹਰਨਾਂ ਹਨ। </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="ਆਰਥਿਕਤਾ_ਵਿੱਚ_ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰੀ_ਦਸਤਕਾਰੀ_ਦੀ_ਭੂਮਿਕਾ"><span id=".E0.A8.86.E0.A8.B0.E0.A8.A5.E0.A8.BF.E0.A8.95.E0.A8.A4.E0.A8.BE_.E0.A8.B5.E0.A8.BF.E0.A9.B1.E0.A8.9A_.E0.A8.95.E0.A8.B8.E0.A8.BC.E0.A8.AE.E0.A9.80.E0.A8.B0.E0.A9.80_.E0.A8.A6.E0.A8.B8.E0.A8.A4.E0.A8.95.E0.A8.BE.E0.A8.B0.E0.A9.80_.E0.A8.A6.E0.A9.80_.E0.A8.AD.E0.A9.82.E0.A8.AE.E0.A8.BF.E0.A8.95.E0.A8.BE"></span>ਆਰਥਿਕਤਾ ਵਿੱਚ ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰੀ ਦਸਤਕਾਰੀ ਦੀ ਭੂਮਿਕਾ</h2></div> <p>ਦਸਤਕਾਰੀ ਉਦਯੋਗ ਜੰਮੂ-ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰ ਦੇ ਆਰਥਿਕ ਵਿਕਾਸ ਵਿੱਚ ਇੱਕ ਮਹੱਤਵਪੂਰਨ ਕੁੰਜੀ ਰਿਹਾ ਹੈ ਅਤੇ ਉਦਯੋਗ ਵਿੱਚ ਰੁਜ਼ਗਾਰ ਦੇ ਮੌਕਿਆਂ ਲਈ ਬਹੁਤ ਵੱਡਾ ਹੱਥ ਹੈ।<sup id="cite_ref-:0_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ਹੱਥ ਨਾਲ ਬਣੇ ਉਤਪਾਦ ਪੂਰੇ ਭਾਰਤ ਅਤੇ ਦੁਨੀਆ ਦੇ ਹੋਰ ਹਿੱਸਿਆਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਨਿਰਯਾਤ ਕੀਤੇ ਜਾਂਦੇ ਹਨ। ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰੀ ਦਸਤਕਾਰੀ ਨੇ ਉਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਲੋਕਾਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਵਿੱਤੀ ਸੰਕਟ ਨੂੰ ਦੂਰ ਕੀਤਾ ਜੋ ਸਰੀਰਕ ਅਸਮਰਥਤਾਵਾਂ ਨਾਲ ਪ੍ਰਭਾਵਿਤ ਹਨ।<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ਦਸਤਕਾਰੀ ਨੂੰ ਸਕਾਰਾਤਮਕ ਫੀਡਬੈਕ ਦੇ ਨਾਲ ਵਿਦੇਸ਼ੀ ਸੰਪਰਕ ਪ੍ਰਾਪਤ ਕਰਨ ਤੋਂ ਬਾਅਦ, ਬਹੁਤ ਸਾਰੇ ਨੌਜਵਾਨਾਂ ਨੇ ਇਸ ਨੂੰ ਆਪਣਾ ਕਿੱਤਾ ਬਣਾਇਆ। <a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B0_%E0%A8%98%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%9F%E0%A9%80" title="ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰ ਘਾਟੀ">ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰ ਘਾਟੀ</a> ਵਿੱਚ ਫਲਾਂ ਤੋਂ ਬਾਅਦ ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰੀ ਦਸਤਕਾਰੀ ਦੂਜਾ ਸਭ ਤੋਂ ਵੱਡਾ ਅਤੇ ਤਰਜੀਹੀ ਉਦਯੋਗ ਹੈ।<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="ਇਹ_ਵੀ_ਵੇਖੋ"><span id=".E0.A8.87.E0.A8.B9_.E0.A8.B5.E0.A9.80_.E0.A8.B5.E0.A9.87.E0.A8.96.E0.A9.8B"></span>ਇਹ ਵੀ ਵੇਖੋ</h2></div> <ul><li>ਰਫੂਗਰ</li> <li>ਵਾਗੂ</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="ਹਵਾਲੇ"><span id=".E0.A8.B9.E0.A8.B5.E0.A8.BE.E0.A8.B2.E0.A9.87"></span>ਹਵਾਲੇ</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r636460">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r765793">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFRaina2014" class="citation book cs1">Raina, Mohini Qasba (2014-11-13). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Bb-QBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA203"><i>Kashur The Kashmiri Speaking People</i></a>. Partridge Publishing Singapore. p. 203. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8:%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%AC_%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%A4/978-1-4828-9945-0" title="ਖ਼ਾਸ:ਕਿਤਾਬ ਸਰੋਤ/978-1-4828-9945-0"><bdi>978-1-4828-9945-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Kashur+The+Kashmiri+Speaking+People&rft.pages=203&rft.pub=Partridge+Publishing+Singapore&rft.date=2014-11-13&rft.isbn=978-1-4828-9945-0&rft.aulast=Raina&rft.aufirst=Mohini+Qasba&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DBb-QBQAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA203&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpa.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80+%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r765793"><cite id="CITEREFRafiabadi2005" class="citation book cs1">Rafiabadi, Hamid Naseem (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ysB4DTRgh5sC&pg=PA259"><i>Saints and Saviours of Islam</i></a>. Sarup & Sons. p. 259. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8:%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%AC_%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%A4/978-81-7625-555-4" title="ਖ਼ਾਸ:ਕਿਤਾਬ ਸਰੋਤ/978-81-7625-555-4"><bdi>978-81-7625-555-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Saints+and+Saviours+of+Islam&rft.pages=259&rft.pub=Sarup+%26+Sons&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-81-7625-555-4&rft.aulast=Rafiabadi&rft.aufirst=Hamid+Naseem&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DysB4DTRgh5sC%26pg%3DPA259&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpa.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80+%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r765793"><cite id="CITEREFRafiabadi2003" class="citation book cs1">Rafiabadi, Hamid Naseem (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=xeK9w9P0sBQC"><i>World Religions and Islam: A Critical Study</i></a>. Sarup & Sons. p. 106. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8:%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%AC_%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%A4/978-81-7625-414-4" title="ਖ਼ਾਸ:ਕਿਤਾਬ ਸਰੋਤ/978-81-7625-414-4"><bdi>978-81-7625-414-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=World+Religions+and+Islam%3A+A+Critical+Study&rft.pages=106&rft.pub=Sarup+%26+Sons&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-81-7625-414-4&rft.aulast=Rafiabadi&rft.aufirst=Hamid+Naseem&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DxeK9w9P0sBQC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpa.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80+%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r765793"><cite id="CITEREFLal1999" class="citation book cs1">Lal, Kishori Saran (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=HmBuAAAAMAAJ"><i>Theory and Practice of Muslim State in India</i></a>. Aditya Prakashan. p. 189. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8:%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%AC_%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%A4/978-81-86471-72-2" title="ਖ਼ਾਸ:ਕਿਤਾਬ ਸਰੋਤ/978-81-86471-72-2"><bdi>978-81-86471-72-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Theory+and+Practice+of+Muslim+State+in+India&rft.pages=189&rft.pub=Aditya+Prakashan&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-81-86471-72-2&rft.aulast=Lal&rft.aufirst=Kishori+Saran&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DHmBuAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpa.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80+%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r765793"><cite id="CITEREFSaeed1990" class="citation book cs1">Saeed, Mohammad (1990). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=VGLsAAAAMAAJ&q=Kashmiri+handicrafts+is+a+traditional+art+of+Kashmiri+people+and+Artisans"><i>A Survey of Research in Commerce and Management</i></a>. Anmol Publications. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8:%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%AC_%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%A4/978-81-7041-415-5" title="ਖ਼ਾਸ:ਕਿਤਾਬ ਸਰੋਤ/978-81-7041-415-5"><bdi>978-81-7041-415-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Survey+of+Research+in+Commerce+and+Management&rft.pub=Anmol+Publications&rft.date=1990&rft.isbn=978-81-7041-415-5&rft.aulast=Saeed&rft.aufirst=Mohammad&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DVGLsAAAAMAAJ%26q%3DKashmiri%2Bhandicrafts%2Bis%2Ba%2Btraditional%2Bart%2Bof%2BKashmiri%2Bpeople%2Band%2BArtisans&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpa.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80+%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r765793"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wonderwheelstore.com/the-art-and-craft-of-kashmir-kashmiri-handicrafts/">"The Art and Craft of Kashmir – Kashmiri Handicrafts"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Art+and+Craft+of+Kashmir+%E2%80%93+Kashmiri+Handicrafts&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwonderwheelstore.com%2Fthe-art-and-craft-of-kashmir-kashmiri-handicrafts%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpa.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80+%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESaraf1987-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESaraf1987_7-0">7.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESaraf1987_7-1">7.1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESaraf1987_7-2">7.2</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSaraf1987">Saraf 1987</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r765793"><cite id="CITEREFAshfaque2009" class="citation journal cs1">Ashfaque, Farzana (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/44147675">"Shawl and Carpet Industry in Kashmir Under the Mughals"</a>. <i>Proceedings of the Indian History Congress</i>. <b>70</b>: 285–296. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2249-1937">2249-1937</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=JSTOR_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="JSTOR (identifier) (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/44147675">44147675</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Indian+History+Congress&rft.atitle=Shawl+and+Carpet+Industry+in+Kashmir+Under+the+Mughals&rft.volume=70&rft.pages=285-296&rft.date=2009&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F44147675%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.issn=2249-1937&rft.aulast=Ashfaque&rft.aufirst=Farzana&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F44147675&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpa.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80+%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r765793"><cite id="CITEREFVasudev2015" class="citation web cs1">Vasudev, Shefalee (2015-07-11). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.livemint.com/Leisure/HMFQLTl09nEnX1jeFAr1EO/Looms-of-the-valley.html">"Looms of the valley"</a>. <i>mint</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-12-29</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=mint&rft.atitle=Looms+of+the+valley&rft.date=2015-07-11&rft.aulast=Vasudev&rft.aufirst=Shefalee&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.livemint.com%2FLeisure%2FHMFQLTl09nEnX1jeFAr1EO%2FLooms-of-the-valley.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpa.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80+%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">''Chapter XI SMALL - SCALE INDUSTRIES ART OF WEAVING The first covering used by man was the skin of animals . The discovery of twisting fibres ... CARPETS Carpets are said to have originated from the oases and villages of Central Asia . This art of Kashmir has been a gift of the caravans . In the time of Jehangir, the ...'' <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Geography_of_Jammu_and_Kashmir/GpY3AAAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=">Geography of Jammu and Kashmir - Page 141</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Geography_of_Jammu_and_Kashmir/GpY3AAAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=">A. N. Raina · 1981</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r765793"><cite id="CITEREFChib1977" class="citation book cs1">Chib, Sukhdev Singh (1977). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=9OkeAAAAMAAJ"><i>Jammu and Kashmir</i></a>. Light & Life Publishers. p. 81.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Jammu+and+Kashmir&rft.pages=81&rft.pub=Light+%26+Life+Publishers&rft.date=1977&rft.aulast=Chib&rft.aufirst=Sukhdev+Singh&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D9OkeAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpa.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80+%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r765793"><cite id="CITEREFDelahunty2008" class="citation book cs1">Delahunty, Andrew (2008-10-23). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Nvu17oLIQNgC&dq=Namda+carpet&pg=PA238"><i>From Bonbon to Cha-cha: Oxford Dictionary of Foreign Words and Phrases</i></a>. OUP Oxford. p. 238. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8:%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%AC_%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%A4/978-0-19-954369-4" title="ਖ਼ਾਸ:ਕਿਤਾਬ ਸਰੋਤ/978-0-19-954369-4"><bdi>978-0-19-954369-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=From+Bonbon+to+Cha-cha%3A+Oxford+Dictionary+of+Foreign+Words+and+Phrases&rft.pages=238&rft.pub=OUP+Oxford&rft.date=2008-10-23&rft.isbn=978-0-19-954369-4&rft.aulast=Delahunty&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DNvu17oLIQNgC%26dq%3DNamda%2Bcarpet%26pg%3DPA238&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpa.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80+%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r765793"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160204105330/http://ipindia.nic.in/girindia/journal/Journal_75.pdf">"GOVERNMENT OF INDIA GEOGRAPHICAL INDICATIONS JOURNAL NO.75"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. 2015-11-26. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ipindia.nic.in/girindia/journal/Journal_75.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2016-02-04<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-12-27</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=GOVERNMENT+OF+INDIA+GEOGRAPHICAL+INDICATIONS+JOURNAL+NO.75&rft.date=2015-11-26&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fipindia.nic.in%2Fgirindia%2Fjournal%2FJournal_75.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpa.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80+%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r765793"><cite id="CITEREFGajrani2004" class="citation book cs1">Gajrani, S. (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=E5J6bO8qQ7YC&dq=Namda+carpet&pg=PA198"><i>History, Religion and Culture of India</i></a>. Gyan Publishing House. p. 198. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8:%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%AC_%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%A4/978-81-8205-060-0" title="ਖ਼ਾਸ:ਕਿਤਾਬ ਸਰੋਤ/978-81-8205-060-0"><bdi>978-81-8205-060-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History%2C+Religion+and+Culture+of+India&rft.pages=198&rft.pub=Gyan+Publishing+House&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-81-8205-060-0&rft.aulast=Gajrani&rft.aufirst=S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DE5J6bO8qQ7YC%26dq%3DNamda%2Bcarpet%26pg%3DPA198&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpa.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80+%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r765793"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hindustantimes.com/photos/india-news/namda-the-traditional-felted-craft-of-kashmir/photo-KuRJVeDIe1EoNgJpRJarDI.html">"Namda - The traditional felted craft of Kashmir"</a>. <i>Hindustan Times</i>. 2017-02-17<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-12-27</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Hindustan+Times&rft.atitle=Namda+-+The+traditional+felted+craft+of+Kashmir&rft.date=2017-02-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hindustantimes.com%2Fphotos%2Findia-news%2Fnamda-the-traditional-felted-craft-of-kashmir%2Fphoto-KuRJVeDIe1EoNgJpRJarDI.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpa.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80+%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_16-0">16.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_16-1">16.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r765793"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.greaterkashmir.com/news/business/-handicrafts-important-for-jk-economy/105427.html">"Handicrafts important for JK economy"</a>. <i>greaterkashmir.com</i>. Greater Kashmir.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=greaterkashmir.com&rft.atitle=Handicrafts+important+for+JK+economy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.greaterkashmir.com%2Fnews%2Fbusiness%2F-handicrafts-important-for-jk-economy%2F105427.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpa.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80+%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:outlook_traveller-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-:outlook_traveller_17-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r765793"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.outlookindia.com/outlooktraveller/explore/story/72539/grab-a-rug-the-namda-from-kashmir">"Grab A Rug: The Namda From Kashmir"</a>. <i>Outlook Traveller</i> (in ਅੰਗਰੇਜ਼ੀ)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-12-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Outlook+Traveller&rft.atitle=Grab+A+Rug%3A+The+Namda+From+Kashmir&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.outlookindia.com%2Foutlooktraveller%2Fexplore%2Fstory%2F72539%2Fgrab-a-rug-the-namda-from-kashmir&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpa.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80+%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-18">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>''Another local woollen product is an ornately patterned woollen rug, known as qaleen . The usual weft threads are used in making the galeen, but in this case, the warp thread is purchased from the market . Very delicate patterns and designs ...''</i> Persistence and Transformation in the Eastern Hindu Kush A Study of Resource Management Systems in Mehlp Valley, Chitral, North Pakistan By Fazlur Rahman · 2007</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-19">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r765793"><cite id="CITEREFGajrani2004" class="citation book cs1">Gajrani, S. (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=E5J6bO8qQ7YC&pg=PA198"><i>History, Religion and Culture of India</i></a>. Gyan Publishing House. p. 198. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8:%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%AC_%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%A4/978-81-8205-060-0" title="ਖ਼ਾਸ:ਕਿਤਾਬ ਸਰੋਤ/978-81-8205-060-0"><bdi>978-81-8205-060-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History%2C+Religion+and+Culture+of+India&rft.pages=198&rft.pub=Gyan+Publishing+House&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-81-8205-060-0&rft.aulast=Gajrani&rft.aufirst=S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DE5J6bO8qQ7YC%26pg%3DPA198&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpa.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80+%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-20">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r765793"><cite id="CITEREFRanjanRanjan2009" class="citation book cs1">Ranjan, Aditi; Ranjan, M. P. (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ixhJAQAAIAAJ"><i>Handmade in India: A Geographic Encyclopedia of Indian Handicrafts</i></a>. Abbeville Press. p. 30. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8:%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%AC_%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%A4/978-0-7892-1047-0" title="ਖ਼ਾਸ:ਕਿਤਾਬ ਸਰੋਤ/978-0-7892-1047-0"><bdi>978-0-7892-1047-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Handmade+in+India%3A+A+Geographic+Encyclopedia+of+Indian+Handicrafts&rft.pages=30&rft.pub=Abbeville+Press&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-0-7892-1047-0&rft.aulast=Ranjan&rft.aufirst=Aditi&rft.au=Ranjan%2C+M.+P.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DixhJAQAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpa.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80+%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-21">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r765793"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=JKouAQAAIAAJ"><i>Khadi Gramodyog</i></a>. Khadi & Village Industries Commission. 1977. p. 417.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Khadi+Gramodyog&rft.pages=417&rft.pub=Khadi+%26+Village+Industries+Commission&rft.date=1977&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DJKouAQAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpa.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80+%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-:1_22-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">''Origin: Once upon time, from Persia a Sufi mystic named Hazrat Mir Syed Ali Hamdani visited Kashmir. His caravan comprised highly skilled weavers and came via the silk route. And thus, Kashmir became the land of carpet weaving. Another school of thought believes, in 15th century, Sultan Zain-ul-Abidin king Budshah introduced this craft to Kashmir.  However, both theories find comfort in the fact that artisans were invited from Persia to train Kashmiris in the art of spinning and weaving.  These hand knotted carpets are locally known as KalBaffi or .'' <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://craffi.com/Product-Detail.aspx?Pcode=PD-27">https://craffi.com/Product-Detail.aspx?Pcode=PD-27</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-23">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r765793"><cite id="CITEREFBakshi1997" class="citation book cs1">Bakshi, Shiri Ram (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=n_4iFggmHdUC"><i>Kashmir: Valley and Its Culture</i></a>. Sarup & Sons. p. 214. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8:%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%AC_%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%A4/978-81-85431-97-0" title="ਖ਼ਾਸ:ਕਿਤਾਬ ਸਰੋਤ/978-81-85431-97-0"><bdi>978-81-85431-97-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Kashmir%3A+Valley+and+Its+Culture&rft.pages=214&rft.pub=Sarup+%26+Sons&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=978-81-85431-97-0&rft.aulast=Bakshi&rft.aufirst=Shiri+Ram&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dn_4iFggmHdUC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpa.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80+%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-24">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r765793"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/specials/india-interior/how-the-mir-brothers-are-sewing-their-way-out-of-disability-challenges/article25136574.ece">"Sewing their way out of disability challenges"</a>. <i>thehindubusinessline.com</i>. Business Line.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=thehindubusinessline.com&rft.atitle=Sewing+their+way+out+of+disability+challenges&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thehindubusinessline.com%2Fspecials%2Findia-interior%2Fhow-the-mir-brothers-are-sewing-their-way-out-of-disability-challenges%2Farticle25136574.ece&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpa.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80+%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-25">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r765793"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.business-standard.com/article/economy-policy/handicrafts-and-artisans-economic-strength-of-j-k-cm-111090600066_1.html">"Handicrafts and artisans economic strength of J&K: CM"</a>. <i>Business Standard India</i>. Business Standard. Press Trust of India. 2011-09-05.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Business+Standard+India&rft.atitle=Handicrafts+and+artisans+economic+strength+of+J%26K%3A+CM&rft.date=2011-09-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.business-standard.com%2Farticle%2Feconomy-policy%2Fhandicrafts-and-artisans-economic-strength-of-j-k-cm-111090600066_1.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpa.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80+%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-26">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r765793"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.outlookindia.com/magazine/story/kashmir-carpet-in-gordian-knot/300695">"Kashmir Carpet In Gordian Knot"</a>. <i>outlookindia.com</i>. Outlook India.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=outlookindia.com&rft.atitle=Kashmir+Carpet+In+Gordian+Knot&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.outlookindia.com%2Fmagazine%2Fstory%2Fkashmir-carpet-in-gordian-knot%2F300695&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpa.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80+%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div><p><b>ਸਰੋਤ</b> </p><ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r765793"><cite id="CITEREFSaraf1987" class="citation book cs1">Saraf, D. N. (1987). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=vQShV9jNzIUC"><i>Arts and Crafts, Jammu and Kashmir: Land, People, Culture</i></a>. Abhinav Publications. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8:%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%AC_%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%A4/978-81-7017-204-8" title="ਖ਼ਾਸ:ਕਿਤਾਬ ਸਰੋਤ/978-81-7017-204-8"><bdi>978-81-7017-204-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Arts+and+Crafts%2C+Jammu+and+Kashmir%3A+Land%2C+People%2C+Culture&rft.pub=Abhinav+Publications&rft.date=1987&rft.isbn=978-81-7017-204-8&rft.aulast=Saraf&rft.aufirst=D.+N.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DvQShV9jNzIUC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpa.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80+%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul></div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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