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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Larry Pinkney</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="This article exist only in this language. 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.infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Larry James Pinkney</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Larry_Pinkney_2015.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Photo of Larry Pinkney with his pointer finger resting on his cheek in deep thought." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Larry_Pinkney_2015.jpg/220px-Larry_Pinkney_2015.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Larry_Pinkney_2015.jpg/330px-Larry_Pinkney_2015.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Larry_Pinkney_2015.jpg/440px-Larry_Pinkney_2015.jpg 2x" data-file-width="626" data-file-height="626" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Larry Pinkney in 2015</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Nationality</th><td class="infobox-data category">American</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupation</th><td class="infobox-data role">Political activist</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Organizations</th><td class="infobox-data org"><a href="/wiki/Black_Panther_Party" title="Black Panther Party">Black Panther Party</a>, <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_New_Africa" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of New Africa">Republic of New Africa</a>, San Francisco Black Caucus, Black National Independence Party</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Known for</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Black_Panther_Party" title="Black Panther Party">Black Panther Party</a> membership, <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_New_Africa" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of New Africa">Republic of New Africa</a> membership, advocacy for civil rights</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Criminal charge(s)</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Assault" title="Assault">Assault</a> and <a href="/wiki/Burglary" title="Burglary">burglary</a> (United States), attempted <a href="/wiki/Extortion" title="Extortion">extortion</a> (Canada)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Criminal penalty</th><td class="infobox-data">Nine years imprisonment (Canada and U.S.)</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Larry James Pinkney</b> is an American political activist. A former member of the <a href="/wiki/Black_Panther_Party" title="Black Panther Party">Black Panther Party</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_New_Africa" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of New Africa">Republic of New Africa</a>, he served nine years in prison in Canada and the U.S.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Activism">Activism</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Larry_Pinkney&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Activism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Pinkney served as co-chair of the San Francisco Black Caucus in the early 1970s,<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and later as chairman of the Black National Independence Party.<sup id="cite_ref-LP_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LP-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legal_Issues_and_Imprisonment">Legal Issues and Imprisonment</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Larry_Pinkney&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Legal Issues and Imprisonment"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Pinkney was convicted of assault and burglary charges in the United States in 1973, accusations which he denied. Before sentencing, he fled to Europe and then to Canada, intending to apply for political asylum. In Vancouver, he was convicted in 1976 of attempted extortion and sentenced to a five-year prison term. </p><p>While in prison, Pinkney filed a case with the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Human_Rights_Committee" title="United Nations Human Rights Committee">United Nations Human Rights Committee</a> in Geneva, which ruled that the Canadian government had violated his rights due to lengthy delays in providing court documents needed to file an appeal.<sup id="cite_ref-LP_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LP-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-McQuaig_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McQuaig-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pinkney served his full five-year sentence in a Canadian prison.<sup id="cite_ref-McQuaig_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McQuaig-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Larry_Pinkney&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hrlibrary.umn.edu/undocs/html/27_1978.htm">University of Minnesota Human Rights Library: Larry James Pinkney v. Canada, Communication No. 27/1978, U.N. Doc. CCPR/C/OP/1 at 12 (1984)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.blackactivistwg.org/blog/about/">Black Activist Writers Guild: Larry Pinkney Archives</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Larry_Pinkney&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns 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a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFMandel1999" class="citation book cs1">Mandel, William (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=hC67AAAAIAAJ&q=Saying+No+to+Power:+Autobiography+of+a+20th+Century+Activist+and+Thinker"><i>Saying No to Power: Autobiography of a 20th Century Activist and Thinker</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Berkeley,_California" title="Berkeley, California">Berkeley, California</a>: Creative Arts Book Company. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780887392863" title="Special:BookSources/9780887392863"><bdi>9780887392863</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Saying+No+to+Power%3A+Autobiography+of+a+20th+Century+Activist+and+Thinker&rft.place=Berkeley%2C+California&rft.pub=Creative+Arts+Book+Company&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=9780887392863&rft.aulast=Mandel&rft.aufirst=William&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DhC67AAAAIAAJ%26q%3DSaying%2BNo%2Bto%2BPower%3A%2BAutobiography%2Bof%2Ba%2B20th%2BCentury%2BActivist%2Band%2BThinker&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALarry+Pinkney" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"A Caucus for the Community: The San Francisco Black Caucus Serves the People". <i>The Black Panther: Intercommunal News Service</i>. <a href="/wiki/Oakland,_California" title="Oakland, California">Oakland, California</a>: <a href="/wiki/Black_Panther_Party" title="Black Panther Party">Black Panther Party</a>. October 21, 1972. pp. 6, 12.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Black+Panther%3A+Intercommunal+News+Service&rft.atitle=A+Caucus+for+the+Community%3A+The+San+Francisco+Black+Caucus+Serves+the+People&rft.pages=6%2C+12&rft.date=1972-10-21&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALarry+Pinkney" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-LP-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-LP_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-LP_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"Canada 'broke' rights pact". <i><a href="/wiki/Leader-Post" class="mw-redirect" title="Leader-Post">Leader-Post</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Regina,_Saskatchewan" title="Regina, Saskatchewan">Regina, Saskatchewan</a>. December 16, 1981. pp. A11.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Leader-Post&rft.atitle=Canada+%27broke%27+rights+pact&rft.pages=A11&rft.date=1981-12-16&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALarry+Pinkney" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-McQuaig-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-McQuaig_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-McQuaig_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcQuaig1982" class="citation news cs1">McQuaig, Linda (January 4, 1982). "British Columbia: One man's fight not to go home". <i><a href="/wiki/Maclean%27s" title="Maclean's">Maclean's</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Toronto" title="Toronto">Toronto</a>. p. 27.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Maclean%27s&rft.atitle=British+Columbia%3A+One+man%27s+fight+not+to+go+home&rft.pages=27&rft.date=1982-01-04&rft.aulast=McQuaig&rft.aufirst=Linda&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALarry+Pinkney" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output 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this template" style="color:white">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Black_Panther_Party" title="Template talk:Black Panther Party"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:white">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Black_Panther_Party" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Black Panther Party"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:white">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Black_Panther_Party" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Black_Panther_Party" title="Black Panther Party"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: #FFF; text-decoration: inherit;">Black Panther Party</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#000000; color:white; −;width:1%;background:#000000; color:white;">Founders</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Huey_P._Newton" title="Huey P. Newton">Huey P. Newton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bobby_Seale" title="Bobby Seale">Bobby Seale</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#000000; color:white; −;width:1%;background:#000000; color:white;">Leadership</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elaine_Brown" title="Elaine Brown">Elaine Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eldridge_Cleaver" title="Eldridge Cleaver">Eldridge Cleaver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathleen_Cleaver" title="Kathleen Cleaver">Kathleen Cleaver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_L._Cox" title="Donald L. Cox">Donald Cox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Hampton" title="Fred Hampton">Fred Hampton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Hilliard" title="David Hilliard">David Hilliard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#000000; color:white; −;width:1%;background:#000000; color:white;"><span style="vertical-align:1px;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_Black_Panther_Party" title="List of members of the Black Panther Party"><span style="background-color: #000000; color:white;">Members</span></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #000000; color:white;width:1%">West Coast based</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/JoNina_Abron-Ervin" title="JoNina Abron-Ervin">JoNina Abron-Ervin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Aoki" title="Richard Aoki">Richard Aoki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Barron" title="Charles Barron">Charles Barron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Lee_Brent" title="William Lee Brent">William Lee Brent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ed_Bullins" title="Ed Bullins">Ed Bullins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bunchy_Carter" title="Bunchy Carter">Bunchy Carter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Comfort" title="Mark Comfort">Mark Comfort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aaron_Dixon" title="Aaron Dixon">Aaron Dixon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emory_Douglas" title="Emory Douglas">Emory Douglas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B._Kwaku_Duren" title="B. Kwaku Duren">B. Kwaku Duren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Easley-Cox" title="Barbara Easley-Cox">Barbara Easley-Cox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kent_Ford_(activist)" title="Kent Ford (activist)">Kent Ford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reggie_Forte" title="Reggie Forte">Reggie Forte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raymond_Hewitt" title="Raymond Hewitt">Raymond "Masai" Hewitt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elbert_Howard" title="Elbert Howard">Elbert "Big Man" Howard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Huggins" title="John Huggins">John Huggins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ericka_Huggins" title="Ericka Huggins">Ericka Huggins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bobby_Hutton" title="Bobby Hutton">Bobby Hutton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Jackson_(activist)" title="George Jackson (activist)">George Jackson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joan_Tarika_Lewis" title="Joan Tarika Lewis">Joan Tarika Lewis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jalil_Muntaqim" title="Jalil Muntaqim">Jalil Muntaqim (Anthony Bottom)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pat_Parker" title="Pat Parker">Pat Parker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geronimo_Pratt" title="Geronimo Pratt">Geronimo Pratt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Trivers" title="Robert Trivers">Robert Trivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Zinzun" title="Michael Zinzun">Michael Zinzun</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #000000; color:white;width:1%">East Coast based</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mumia_Abu-Jamal" title="Mumia Abu-Jamal">Mumia Abu-Jamal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sundiata_Acoli" title="Sundiata Acoli">Sundiata Acoli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashanti_Alston" title="Ashanti Alston">Ashanti Alston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuwasi_Balagoon" title="Kuwasi Balagoon">Kuwasi Balagoon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhoruba_bin_Wahad" title="Dhoruba bin Wahad">Dhoruba bin Wahad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veronza_Bowers_Jr." title="Veronza Bowers Jr.">Veronza Bowers Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safiya_Bukhari" title="Safiya Bukhari">Safiya Bukhari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Coates_(publisher)" title="Paul Coates (publisher)">W. Paul Coates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marshall_%22Eddie%22_Conway" class="mw-redirect" title="Marshall "Eddie" Conway">Marshall "Eddie" Conway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamal_Joseph" title="Jamal Joseph">Jamal Joseph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaka_Khan" title="Chaka Khan">Chaka Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warren_Kimbro" title="Warren Kimbro">Warren Kimbro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lonnie_McLucas" title="Lonnie McLucas">Lonnie McLucas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denise_Oliver-Velez" title="Denise Oliver-Velez">Denise Oliver-Velez</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Larry Pinkney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alex_Rackley" title="Alex Rackley">Alex Rackley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nile_Rodgers" title="Nile Rodgers">Nile Rodgers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_W._Sams_Jr." title="George W. Sams Jr.">George W. Sams Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afeni_Shakur" title="Afeni Shakur">Afeni Shakur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assata_Shakur" title="Assata Shakur">Assata Shakur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russell_Maroon_Shoatz" title="Russell Maroon Shoatz">Russell Maroon Shoatz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Tabor_(activist)" title="Michael Tabor (activist)">Michael "Cetewayo" Tabor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bashir_Hameed" title="Bashir Hameed">James Dixon York</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #000000; color:white;width:1%">Southern based</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/H._Rap_Brown" title="H. Rap Brown">H. Rap Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lorenzo_Kom%27boa_Ervin" title="Lorenzo Kom'boa Ervin">Lorenzo Kom'boa Ervin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Essex" title="Mark Essex">Mark Essex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Forman" title="James Forman">James Forman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Hillary_King" title="Robert Hillary King">Robert Hillary King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pete_O%27Neal" title="Pete O'Neal">Pete O'Neal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malik_Rahim" title="Malik Rahim">Malik Rahim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angola_Three" title="Angola Three">Herman Wallace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angola_Three" title="Angola Three">Albert Woodfox</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #000000; color:white;width:1%">Chicago based</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Clark_(activist)" title="Mark Clark (activist)">Mark Clark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_O%27Neal_(informant)" title="William O'Neal (informant)">William O'Neal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bobby_Rush" title="Bobby Rush">Bobby Rush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marion_Stamps" title="Marion Stamps">Marion Stamps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akua_Njeri" title="Akua Njeri">Akua Njeri (Deborah Johnson)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #000000; color:white;width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stokely_Carmichael" title="Stokely Carmichael">Stokely Carmichael</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Connie_Matthews" title="Connie Matthews">Connie Matthews</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#000000; color:white; −;width:1%;background:#000000; color:white;">Influences</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_power" title="Black power">Black power</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deacons_for_Defense_and_Justice" title="Deacons for Defense and Justice">Deacons for Defense and Justice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W._E._B._Du_Bois" title="W. E. B. Du Bois">W. E. B. Du Bois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frantz_Fanon" title="Frantz Fanon">Frantz Fanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Haywood" title="Harry Haywood">Harry Haywood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lowndes_County_Freedom_Organization" title="Lowndes County Freedom Organization">Lowndes County Freedom Organization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malcolm_X" title="Malcolm X">Malcolm X</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_F._Williams" title="Robert F. Williams">Robert F. Williams</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#000000; color:white; −;width:1%;background:#000000; color:white;">Programs and projects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ten-Point_Program_(Black_Panther_Party)" title="Ten-Point Program (Black Panther Party)">Ten-Point Program</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_Breakfast_for_Children" title="Free Breakfast for Children">Free Breakfast for Children</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Black_Panther_(newspaper)" title="The Black Panther (newspaper)"><i>The Black Panther</i> (newspaper)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rainbow_Coalition_(Fred_Hampton)" title="Rainbow Coalition (Fred Hampton)">Rainbow Coalition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Front_Against_Fascism" title="United Front Against Fascism">United Front Against Fascism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#000000; color:white; −;width:1%;background:#000000; color:white;">Inspired groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #000000; color:white;width:1%">Contemporary</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Indian_Movement" title="American Indian Movement">American Indian Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Guerrilla_Family" title="Black Guerrilla Family">Black Guerrilla Family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Liberation_Army" title="Black Liberation Army">Black Liberation Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Liberators" title="Black Liberators">Black Liberators</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Panthers_(Israel)" title="Black Panthers (Israel)">Black Panthers (Israel)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Black_Panthers" title="British Black Panthers">British Black Panthers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dalit_Panthers" title="Dalit Panthers">Dalit Panthers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Jackson_Brigade" title="George Jackson Brigade">George Jackson Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gray_Panthers" title="Gray Panthers">Gray Panthers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/I_Wor_Kuen" title="I Wor Kuen">I Wor Kuen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ng%C4%81_Tamatoa" title="Ngā Tamatoa">Ngā Tamatoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polynesian_Panthers" title="Polynesian Panthers">Polynesian Panthers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Guard_Party" title="Red Guard Party">Red Guard Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Pink_Panthers" title="The Pink Panthers">The Pink Panthers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viduthalai_Chiruthaigal_Katchi" title="Viduthalai Chiruthaigal Katchi">Viduthalai Chiruthaigal Katchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_Panther_Party" title="White Panther Party">White Panther Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Young_Lords" title="Young Lords">Young Lords</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #000000; color:white;width:1%">Subsequent</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Assata%27s_Daughters" title="Assata's Daughters">Assata's Daughters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Panther_Militia" title="Black Panther Militia">Black Panther Militia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Riders_Liberation_Party" title="Black Riders Liberation Party">Black Riders Liberation Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Women%27s_Defense_League" title="Black Women's Defense League">Black Women's Defense League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huey_P._Newton_Gun_Club" title="Huey P. Newton Gun Club">Huey P. Newton Gun Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Afrikan_Black_Panther_Party" title="New Afrikan Black Panther Party">New Afrikan Black Panther Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Black_Panther_Party" title="New Black Panther Party">New Black Panther Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Panther_Vanguard_Movement" title="New Panther Vanguard Movement">New Panther Vanguard Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Black_Panther_Party" title="Revolutionary Black Panther Party">Revolutionary Black Panther Party</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#000000; color:white; −;width:1%;background:#000000; color:white;">Films and television</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>Black Power, We're Goin' Survive America</i> (1968)</li> <li><i>Black Panthers: A Report</i> (1968)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Black_Panthers_(film)" title="Black Panthers (film)">Black Panthers</a></i> (1968)</li> <li><i>Mayday</i> (1969)</li> <li><i>Interview with Bobby Seale</i> (1969)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Eldridge_Cleaver,_Black_Panther" title="Eldridge Cleaver, Black Panther">Eldridge Cleaver, Black Panther</a></i> (1969)</li> <li><i>Finally Got the News</i> (1970)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Murder_of_Fred_Hampton" title="The Murder of Fred Hampton">The Murder of Fred Hampton</a></i> (1971)</li> <li><i>Teach Our Children</i> (1973)</li> <li><i>In the Event Anyone Disappears</i> (1974)</li> <li><i>Charles Garry: Streetfighter in the Courtroom</i> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panther_(film)" title="Panther (film)"><i>Panther</i></a> (1995)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/All_Power_to_the_People" title="All Power to the People">All Power to the People</a></i> (1996)</li> <li><i>Public Enemy</i> (1999)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Huey_P._Newton_Story" title="A Huey P. Newton Story">A Huey P. Newton Story</a></i> (2001)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Night_Catches_Us" title="Night Catches Us">Night Catches Us</a></i> (2010)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Black_Panthers:_Vanguard_of_the_Revolution" title="The Black Panthers: Vanguard of the Revolution">The Black Panthers: Vanguard of the Revolution</a></i> (2015)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Judas_and_the_Black_Messiah" title="Judas and the Black Messiah">Judas and the Black Messiah</a></i> (2021)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Big_Cigar" title="The Big Cigar">The Big Cigar</a></i> (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#000000; color:white; −;width:1%;background:#000000; color:white;">Books</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Soul_on_Ice_(book)" title="Soul on Ice (book)">Soul on Ice</a></i> (1968)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Seize_the_Time_(book)" title="Seize the Time (book)">Seize the Time</a></i> (1970)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Blood_in_My_Eye_(book)" title="Blood in My Eye (book)"> Blood in My Eye</a></i> (1972)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Suicide" title="Revolutionary Suicide">Revolutionary Suicide</a></i> (1973)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Taste_of_Power" title="A Taste of Power">A Taste of Power</a></i> (1992)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Black_Against_Empire" title="Black Against Empire">Black Against Empire</a></i> (2013)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#000000; color:white; −;width:1%;background:#000000; color:white;">Related articles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1968_Olympics_Black_Power_salute" title="1968 Olympics Black Power salute">1968 Olympics Black Power salute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COINTELPRO" title="COINTELPRO">COINTELPRO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intercommunalism" title="Intercommunalism">Intercommunalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murder_of_Betty_Van_Patter" title="Murder of Betty Van Patter">Murder of Betty Van Patter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Haven_Black_Panther_trials" title="New Haven Black Panther trials">New Haven Black Panther trials</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panther_21" title="Panther 21">Panther 21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rice%E2%80%93Poindexter_case" title="Rice–Poindexter case">Rice–Poindexter case</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Templeton_(artist)" title="Robert Templeton (artist)">Robert Templeton</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sweet_Sweetback%27s_Baadasssss_Song" title="Sweet Sweetback's Baadasssss Song">Sweet Sweetback's Baadasssss Song</a></i> (1971)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Panther_Power" class="mw-redirect" title="Panther Power">Panther Power</a>" (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_power_movement" title="Black power movement">Black power movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_People%27s_Constitutional_Convention" title="Revolutionary People's Constitutional Convention">Revolutionary People's Constitutional Convention</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#000000; 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