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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">skuif na kantbalk</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">versteek</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inleiding</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Klassieke_opvatting" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Klassieke_opvatting"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Klassieke opvatting</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Klassieke_opvatting-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Moderne_opvatting" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Moderne_opvatting"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Moderne opvatting</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Moderne_opvatting-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Swaartekrag_op_aarde" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Swaartekrag_op_aarde"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Swaartekrag op aarde</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Swaartekrag_op_aarde-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Spoed_van_'n_planeet_om_'n_ster" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Spoed_van_'n_planeet_om_'n_ster"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Spoed van 'n planeet om 'n ster</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Spoed_van_'n_planeet_om_'n_ster-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geskiedenis_van_die_studie_van_swaartekrag" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geskiedenis_van_die_studie_van_swaartekrag"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Geskiedenis van die studie van swaartekrag</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geskiedenis_van_die_studie_van_swaartekrag-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kyk_ook" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kyk_ook"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Kyk ook</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kyk_ook-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Verwysings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Verwysings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Verwysings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Verwysings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bron" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bron"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Bron</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bron-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Eksterne_skakels" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eksterne_skakels"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Eksterne skakels</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eksterne_skakels-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Inhoud" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Wissel die inhoudsopgawe" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Wissel die inhoudsopgawe</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Swaartekrag</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gaan na 'n artikel in 'n ander taal. Beskikbaar in 162 tale" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-162" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">162 tale</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravitation" title="Gravitation – Switserse Duits" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Gravitation" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Switserse Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8C%8D%E1%88%B5%E1%89%A0%E1%89%B5" title="ግስበት – Amharies" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ግስበት" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravedat" title="Gravedat – Aragonees" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Gravedat" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%A3" title="गुरुत्वाकर्षण – Angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="गुरुत्वाकर्षण" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="Angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B0%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="جاذبية – Arabies" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جاذبية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="جابدية – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="جابدية" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B0%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%87" title="جاذبيه – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="جاذبيه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%A3" title="মহাকৰ্ষণ – Assamees" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="মহাকৰ্ষণ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graved%C3%A1" title="Gravedá – Asturies" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Gravedá" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%A3" title="गुरुत्वाकर्षण – Awadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="गुरुत्वाकर्षण" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="Awadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cazib%C9%99_q%C3%BCvv%C9%99si" title="Cazibə qüvvəsi – Azerbeidjans" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Cazibə qüvvəsi" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbeidjans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B0%DB%8C%D8%A8%D9%87" title="جاذیبه – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="جاذیبه" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Гравитация – Baskir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Гравитация" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Baskir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schwaakroft" title="Schwaakroft – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Schwaakroft" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravitac%C4%97j%C4%97" title="Gravitacėjė – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Gravitacėjė" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grabidad" title="Grabidad – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Grabidad" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Гравітацыя – Belarussies" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Гравітацыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarussies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Гравітацыя – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Гравітацыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaya_s%C3%A8ngg%C3%A8t" title="Gaya sènggèt – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Gaya sènggèt" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Гравитация – Bulgaars" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Гравитация" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravitasi" title="Gravitasi – Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Gravitasi" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B7" title="মহাকর্ষ – Bengaals" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="মহাকর্ষ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengaals" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B7" title="অভিকর্ষ – Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="অভিকর্ষ" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravitadur" title="Gravitadur – Bretons" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Gravitadur" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Bretons" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravitacija" title="Gravitacija – Bosnies" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Gravitacija" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravetat" title="Gravetat – Katalaans" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Gravetat" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8E%A0%E1%8F%93%E1%8E%BE%E1%8F%8C%E1%8F%81%E1%8F%8D%E1%8E%A9" title="ᎠᏓᎾᏌᏁᏍᎩ – Cherokees" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᎠᏓᎾᏌᏁᏍᎩ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="Cherokees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%95%D8%A7%DA%A9%DB%8E%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%86_(%D9%81%DB%8C%D8%B2%DB%8C%DA%A9)" title="ڕاکێشان (فیزیک) – Sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ڕاکێشان (فیزیک)" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravitace" title="Gravitace – Tsjeggies" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Gravitace" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tsjeggies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8" title="Гравитаци – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Гравитаци" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disgyrchiant" title="Disgyrchiant – Wallies" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Disgyrchiant" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Wallies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravitation" title="Gravitation – Deens" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Gravitation" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Deens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravitation" title="Gravitation – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Gravitation" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ant%C4%B1%C5%9F%C3%AA_erdi" title="Antışê erdi – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Antışê erdi" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%92%CE%B1%CF%81%CF%8D%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%84%CE%B1" title="Βαρύτητα – Grieks" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Βαρύτητα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Grieks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravity" title="Gravity – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Gravity" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravito" title="Gravito – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Gravito" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravedad" title="Gravedad – Spaans" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Gravedad" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravitatsioon" title="Gravitatsioon – Estnies" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Gravitatsioon" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estnies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grabitazio" title="Grabitazio – Baskies" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Grabitazio" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graved%C3%A1" title="Gravedá – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Gravedá" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B4" title="گرانش – Persies" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="گرانش" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Painovoima" title="Painovoima – Fins" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Painovoima" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fins" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bibi" title="Bibi – Fidjiaans" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Bibi" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="Fidjiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravitation" title="Gravitation – Frans" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Gravitation" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swaarkr%C3%A4%C3%A4ft" title="Swaarkrääft – Noord-Fries" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Swaarkrääft" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Noord-Fries" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swiertekr%C3%AAft" title="Swiertekrêft – Fries" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Swiertekrêft" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Fries" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imtharraingt" title="Imtharraingt – Iers" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Imtharraingt" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Iers" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravitasyon" title="Gravitasyon – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Gravitasyon" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iom-tharraing" title="Iom-tharraing – Skotse Gallies" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Iom-tharraing" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Skotse Gallies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravidade" title="Gravidade – Galisies" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Gravidade" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galisies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mbaretepyte" title="Mbaretepyte – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Mbaretepyte" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gor mw-list-item"><a href="https://gor.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravitasi" title="Gravitasi – Gorontalo" lang="gor" hreflang="gor" data-title="Gravitasi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Hulontalo" data-language-local-name="Gorontalo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Hulontalo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%97%E0%AB%81%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%81%E0%AA%A4%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%95%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B7%E0%AA%A3" title="ગુરુત્વાકર્ષણ – Goedjarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="ગુરુત્વાકર્ષણ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Goedjarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ym-hayrn" title="Ym-hayrn – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Ym-hayrn" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9B%D7%91%D7%99%D7%93%D7%94" title="כבידה – Hebreeus" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="כבידה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebreeus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%A3" title="गुरुत्वाकर्षण – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="गुरुत्वाकर्षण" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravitation" title="Gravitation – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Gravitation" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravitacija" title="Gravitacija – Kroaties" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Gravitacija" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroaties" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravitasyon" title="Gravitasyon – Haïtiaans" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Gravitasyon" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haïtiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravit%C3%A1ci%C3%B3" title="Gravitáció – Hongaars" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Gravitáció" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hongaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%81%D5%A3%D5%B8%D5%B2%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Ձգողականություն – Armeens" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ձգողականություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravitation" title="Gravitation – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Gravitation" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graviti" title="Graviti – Ibanees" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Graviti" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="Ibanees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jaku Iban</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravitasi" title="Gravitasi – Indonesies" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Gravitasi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravitation" title="Gravitation – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Gravitation" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravitado" title="Gravitado – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Gravitado" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%9Eyngdarafl" title="Þyngdarafl – Yslands" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Þyngdarafl" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Yslands" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interazione_gravitazionale" title="Interazione gravitazionale – Italiaans" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Interazione gravitazionale" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%87%8D%E5%8A%9B" title="重力 – Japannees" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="重力" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japannees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravitieshan" title="Gravitieshan – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Gravitieshan" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/maircpukai" title="maircpukai – Lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="maircpukai" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="Lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravitasi" title="Gravitasi – Javaans" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Gravitasi" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%92%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="გრავიტაცია – Georgies" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="გრავიტაცია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taldayt" title="Taldayt – Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Taldayt" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C6%89ama_h%C9%94m_%C9%96o%C5%8B_(gravitation)" title="Ɖama hɔm ɖoŋ (gravitation) – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Ɖama hɔm ɖoŋ (gravitation)" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Гравитация – Kazaks" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Гравитация" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%97%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%A4%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B5" title="ಗುರುತ್ವ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಗುರುತ್ವ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A4%91%EB%A0%A5" title="중력 – Koreaans" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="중력" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%B1%D9%9B%D9%B2%D9%86%D8%A0" title="گرٛٲنؠ – Kasjmirs" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="گرٛٲنؠ" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="Kasjmirs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rak%C3%AA%C5%9F" title="Rakêş – Koerdies" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Rakêş" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Koerdies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%83" title="Тартылуу – Kirgisies" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Тартылуу" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kirgisies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravitas_(physica)" title="Gravitas (physica) – Latyn" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Gravitas (physica)" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravitatioun" title="Gravitatioun – Luxemburgs" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Gravitatioun" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxemburgs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravita" title="Gravita – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Gravita" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lg mw-list-item"><a href="https://lg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Essikirizo_(Gravity)" title="Essikirizo (Gravity) – Ganda" lang="lg" hreflang="lg" data-title="Essikirizo (Gravity)" data-language-autonym="Luganda" data-language-local-name="Ganda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Luganda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zwaordjekraf" title="Zwaordjekraf – Limburgs" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Zwaordjekraf" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forza_de_gravit%C3%A0" title="Forza de gravità – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Forza de gravità" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%A7%E0%BA%B4%E0%BA%97%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%94" title="ກາວິທັດ – Lao" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ກາວິທັດ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Lao" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravitacija" title="Gravitacija – Litaus" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Gravitacija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litaus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravit%C4%81cija" title="Gravitācija – Letties" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Gravitācija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Letties" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravitasi" title="Gravitasi – Minangkabaus" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Gravitasi" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabaus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Гравитација – Masedonies" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Гравитација" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Masedonies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%B7%E0%B4%A3%E0%B4%82" title="ഗുരുത്വാകർഷണം – Malabaars" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഗുരുത്വാകർഷണം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malabaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8" title="Гравитаци – Mongools" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Гравитаци" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%A3" title="गुरुत्वाकर्षण – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="गुरुत्वाकर्षण" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graviti" title="Graviti – Maleis" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Graviti" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Maleis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grabidade" title="Grabidade – Mirandees" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Grabidade" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Mirandees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%92%E1%80%BC%E1%80%95%E1%80%BA%E1%80%86%E1%80%BD%E1%80%B2%E1%80%A1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8" title="ဒြပ်ဆွဲအား – Birmaans" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဒြပ်ဆွဲအား" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Birmaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravitatschoon" title="Gravitatschoon – Nederduits" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Gravitatschoon" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Nederduits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5_%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%B2" title="गुरुत्व बल – Nepalees" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="गुरुत्व बल" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepalees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%81%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%81" title="गेँसु – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="गेँसु" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zwaartekracht" title="Zwaartekracht – Nederlands" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Zwaartekracht" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Nederlands" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravitasjon" title="Gravitasjon – Nuwe Noors" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Gravitasjon" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Nuwe Noors" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravitasjon" title="Gravitasjon – Boeknoors" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Gravitasjon" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Boeknoors" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravitatione" title="Gravitatione – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Gravitatione" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravitacion" title="Gravitacion – Oksitaans" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Gravitacion" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Oksitaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harkisoo" title="Harkisoo – Oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Harkisoo" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="Oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%97%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%82%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BE_%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BF%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%9A" title="ਗੁਰੂਤਾ ਖਿੱਚ – Pandjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਗੁਰੂਤਾ ਖਿੱਚ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Pandjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grawitacja" title="Grawitacja – Pools" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Grawitacja" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%B9%DB%8C" title="گریویٹی – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="گریویٹی" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF_%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B0%D8%A8%DB%90_%D9%82%D9%88%D9%87" title="د جاذبې قوه – Pasjtoe" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="د جاذبې قوه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pasjtoe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravidade" title="Gravidade – Portugees" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Gravidade" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Llasaturaku" title="Llasaturaku – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Llasaturaku" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravita%C8%9Bie" title="Gravitație – Roemeens" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Gravitație" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Roemeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Гравитация – Russies" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Гравитация" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Ґравітація – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Ґравітація" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%83" title="गुरुत्वाकर्षणशक्तिः – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="गुरुत्वाकर्षणशक्तिः" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravidade" title="Gravidade – Sardinies" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Gravidade" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravitazzioni_univirsali" title="Gravitazzioni univirsali – Sisiliaans" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Gravitazzioni univirsali" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sisiliaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravitation" title="Gravitation – Skots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Gravitation" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Skots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AA%D8%B4%D8%B4_%D8%AB%D9%82%D9%84" title="ڪشش ثقل – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ڪشش ثقل" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravitacija" title="Gravitacija – Serwo-Kroaties" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Gravitacija" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serwo-Kroaties" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%9A%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8A%E0%B7%82%E0%B6%AB%E0%B6%BA" title="ගුරුත්වාකර්ෂණය – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ගුරුත්වාකර්ෂණය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravity" title="Gravity – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Gravity" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravit%C3%A1cia" title="Gravitácia – Slowaaks" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Gravitácia" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slowaaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Te%C5%BEnost" title="Težnost – Sloweens" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Težnost" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloweens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ti%C3%A4dduvyeimi" title="Tiädduvyeimi – Inari Sami" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Tiädduvyeimi" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="Inari Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunganidzo" title="Gunganidzo – Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Gunganidzo" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cufisjiidad" title="Cufisjiidad – Somalies" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Cufisjiidad" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somalies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graviteti" title="Graviteti – Albanees" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Graviteti" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Гравитација – Serwies" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Гравитација" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serwies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sweerkraft" title="Sweerkraft – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Sweerkraft" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravitasi" title="Gravitasi – Sundanees" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Gravitasi" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravitation" title="Gravitation – Sweeds" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Gravitation" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Sweeds" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uvutano" title="Uvutano – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Uvutano" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%88%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81_%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%88" title="ஈர்ப்பு விசை – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஈர்ப்பு விசை" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B7%E0%B0%A3" title="గురుత్వాకర్షణ – Teloegoe" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="గురుత్వాకర్షణ" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Teloegoe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%88" title="Гирониш – Tadjiks" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Гирониш" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tadjiks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%96%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%87" title="ความโน้มถ่วง – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ความโน้มถ่วง" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grabedad" title="Grabedad – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Grabedad" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-to mw-list-item"><a href="https://to.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalavite" title="Kalavite – Tongaans" lang="to" hreflang="to" data-title="Kalavite" data-language-autonym="Lea faka-Tonga" data-language-local-name="Tongaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lea faka-Tonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%BCtle%C3%A7ekim" title="Kütleçekim – Turks" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kütleçekim" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Гравитация – Tataars" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Гравитация" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tataars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Гравитация – Tuvinees" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Гравитация" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="Tuvinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тыва дыл</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%95%D9%85%D9%84%D9%89%D9%83_%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA%D9%89%D8%B4_%D9%83%DB%88%DA%86%D9%89" title="ئالەملىك تارتىش كۈچى – Uighur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="ئالەملىك تارتىش كۈچى" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uighur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Гравітація – Oekraïens" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Гравітація" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Oekraïens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AB%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA" title="ثقالت – Oerdoe" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ثقالت" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Oerdoe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravitatsiya" title="Gravitatsiya – Oezbeeks" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Gravitatsiya" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Oezbeeks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravit%C3%A0" title="Gravità – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Gravità" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravitacii" title="Gravitacii – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Gravitacii" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C6%B0%C6%A1ng_t%C3%A1c_h%E1%BA%A5p_d%E1%BA%ABn" title="Tương tác hấp dẫn – Viëtnamees" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Tương tác hấp dẫn" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Viëtnamees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hulog-bug-%C3%A1t" title="Hulog-bug-át – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Hulog-bug-át" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dooley_%C3%B1oddi" title="Dooley ñoddi – Wolof" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Dooley ñoddi" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="Wolof" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BC%95%E5%8A%9B" title="引力 – Wu-Sjinees" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="引力" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu-Sjinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%92%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="გრავიტაცია – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="გრავიტაცია" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%95%D7%95%D7%99%D7%98%D7%90%D7%A6%D7%99%D7%A2" title="גראוויטאציע – Jiddisj" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="גראוויטאציע" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Jiddisj" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BC%95%E5%8A%9B" title="引力 – Chinees" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="引力" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%87%8D%E5%8A%9B" title="重力 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="重力" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ti%C5%8Dng-le%CC%8Dk" title="Tiōng-le̍k – Min Nan-Sjinees" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Tiōng-le̍k" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Min Nan-Sjinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%90%AC%E6%9C%89%E5%BC%95%E5%8A%9B" title="萬有引力 – Kantonees" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="萬有引力" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kantonees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/UmNyondo" title="UmNyondo – Zoeloe" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="UmNyondo" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Zoeloe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q11412#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Wysig skakels tussen tale" class="wbc-editpage">Wysig skakels</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Naamruimtes"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Swaartekrag" title="Bekyk die inhoudbladsy [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Bladsy</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Bespreking:Swaartekrag" rel="discussion" title="Bespreking oor die inhoudbladsy [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Bespreking</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Verander taalvariant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Afrikaans</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Weergawes"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Swaartekrag"><span>Lees</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Swaartekrag&veaction=edit" title="Redigeer hierdie bladsy [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Wysig</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Swaartekrag&action=edit" title="Wysig die bladsy se bonkode [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Wysig bron</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Swaartekrag&action=history" title="Ouer weergawes van hierdie bladsy [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Wys geskiedenis</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Gereedskap" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Gereedskap</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Gereedskap</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">skuif na kantbalk</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">versteek</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Swaartekrag"><span>Lees</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Swaartekrag&veaction=edit" title="Redigeer hierdie bladsy [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Wysig</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Swaartekrag&action=edit" title="Wysig die bladsy se bonkode [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Wysig bron</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Swaartekrag&action=history"><span>Wys geskiedenis</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Algemeen </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Skakels_hierheen/Swaartekrag" title="'n Lys bladsye wat hierheen skakel [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Skakels hierheen</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:OnlangseVeranderingsMetSkakels/Swaartekrag" rel="nofollow" title="Onlangse wysigings aan bladsye wat vanaf hierdie bladsy geskakel is [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Verwante veranderings</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Spesiale_bladsye" title="'n Lys van al die spesiale bladsye [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Spesiale bladsye</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Swaartekrag&oldid=2650209" title="'n Permanente skakel na hierdie weergawe van die bladsy"><span>Permanente skakel</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Swaartekrag&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Bladinligting</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:CiteThisPage&page=Swaartekrag&id=2650209&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Inligting oor hoe u hierdie bladsy kan verwys"><span>Haal dié blad aan</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Faf.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FSwaartekrag"><span>Kry verkorte URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Faf.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FSwaartekrag"><span>Laai QR-kode af</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Druk/uitvoer </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:Boek&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Swaartekrag"><span>Skep boek</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:DownloadAsPdf&page=Swaartekrag&action=show-download-screen"><span>Laai af as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Swaartekrag&printable=yes" title="Drukbare weergawe van hierdie bladsy [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Drukbare weergawe</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Ander projekte </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Gravitation" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q11412" title="Skakel na gekonnekteerde databank item [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata-item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Voorkoms"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Voorkoms</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">skuif na kantbalk</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">versteek</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">in Wikipedia, die vrye ensiklopedie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="af" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Solar_sys.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Solar_sys.jpg/300px-Solar_sys.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Solar_sys.jpg/450px-Solar_sys.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Solar_sys.jpg/600px-Solar_sys.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1440" data-file-height="904" /></a><figcaption>Swaartekrag hou die planete in hul wentelbane om die son (nie volgens skaal).</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Swaartekrag</b> of <b>gravitasie</b> is 'n <a href="/wiki/Krag" title="Krag">aantrekkingskrag</a> wat twee <a href="/wiki/Massa" title="Massa">massas</a> op mekaar uitoefen. Swaartekrag is die oorsaak van die afwaartse krag wat alle liggame op aarde ondervind. Swaartekrag kan egter ook oor 'n groot afstand uitgeoefen word soos byvoorbeeld tussen die <a href="/wiki/Aarde" title="Aarde">aarde</a> en die <a href="/wiki/Maan" title="Maan">maan</a> en selfs tussen <a href="/wiki/Sterrestelsel" title="Sterrestelsel">sterrestelsels</a>. Dieselfde swaartekrag wat daarvoor verantwoordelik is dat 'n <a href="/wiki/Appel" title="Appel">appel</a> op die grond val, sorg ook daarvoor dat die maan of 'n <a href="/wiki/Satelliet" title="Satelliet">satelliet</a> in sy wentelbaan om die aarde bly en dat die aarde in sy baan om die son bly. </p><p>Swaartekrag is 'n krag wat 'n liggaam byvoorbeeld ten opsigte van die aarde ondervind. Die swaartekragwette is in die <a href="/wiki/17de_eeu" title="17de eeu">17de eeu</a> deur Isaac Newton opgestel en later deur <a href="/wiki/Albert_Einstein" title="Albert Einstein">Einstein</a> aangevul en ook verbeter. </p><p>Die talryke probleme wat egter nog met die toepassing van al die teorieë ondervind word, het die vermoede laat ontstaan dat die swaartekragteorie nog nie volledig afgerond is nie. Swaartekrag (g) is 'n krag wat verskillende liggame (byvoorbeeld hemelliggame) op mekaar uitoefen. Die krag is klaarblyklik altyd in werking, ongeag die vorm, samestelling en <a href="/wiki/Magnetiese_dipool" title="Magnetiese dipool">magnetiese</a> of <a href="/wiki/Elektriese_lading" title="Elektriese lading">elektriese lading</a> van die materie. </p><p>Swaartekrag is egter slegs by liggame met groot massas van belang. Die krag wat byvoorbeeld tussen twee persone (naby mekaar) bestaan, is maar enkele miljoenstes van 1 N. Die krag waarmee die aarde 'n persoon met 'n <a href="/wiki/Massa" title="Massa">massa</a> van 70 kg aantrek, is ongeveer 700 N. Die swaartekrag is voldoende om groot planete in 'n baan om die son te hou of om materie te laat saambol tot 'n hemelliggaam. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Klassieke_opvatting">Klassieke opvatting</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Swaartekrag&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Wysig afdeling: Klassieke opvatting" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Swaartekrag&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Klassieke opvatting"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Deur die eeue heen het die mens 'n begrip probeer vorm van die krag waarmee die aarde 'n voorwerp aantrek. Dit is gedoen deur byvoorbeeld voorwerpe wat vry val, te bestudeer. <a href="/wiki/Aristoteles" title="Aristoteles">Aristoteles</a> (384-322 v.C.) het die opvatting gehad dat "swaar" liggame vinniger as "ligte" liggame val en die gedagte is eeue lank aangehang. <a href="/wiki/Galileo_Galilei" title="Galileo Galilei">Galileo Galilei</a> (1564-1642) het egter eksperimente met staalballe van verskillende massas uitgevoer en vasgestel dat die valtye weinig verskil. </p><p>Swaartekrag is vir die eerste keer deur <a href="/wiki/Isaac_Newton" title="Isaac Newton">Isaac Newton</a> (1642- 1727) as ŉ omvattende wisselwerking van kragte beskryf. Hy het dit kwantitatief omskryf as 'n krag tussen een liggaam (met massa M<sub>1</sub>) en 'n ander liggaam (M<sub>2</sub>) wat eweredig aan die massas van die liggame is en omgekeerd eweredig aan die <a href="/wiki/Kwadraat" title="Kwadraat">kwadraat</a> van die afstand tussen die liggame. Newton kon egter geen verklaring vir die oorsaak van swaartekragwerking gee nie. </p><p>Daar is beweer dat hy nie op feite gesteun het nie en ter verdediging het hy aangevoer dat die wet uit noukeurige waarneming afgelei is, en dat swaartekrag nie bloot 'n versinsel is nie. Teenswoordig sou Newton se aanvaarding van swaartekrag as 'n krag 'n hipotese genoem word. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Moderne_opvatting">Moderne opvatting</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Swaartekrag&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Wysig afdeling: Moderne opvatting" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Swaartekrag&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Moderne opvatting"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Na aanleiding van die wenteling van die maan om die aarde het <a href="/wiki/Albert_Einstein" title="Albert Einstein">Einstein</a> gevind dat dit moeilik is om 'n onderskeid tussen swaartekrag en beweging te maak. Hy het dit geïllustreer aan die hand van die vrye val van 'n voorwerp (byvoorbeeld 'n <a href="/wiki/Satelliet" title="Satelliet">satelliet</a>), waarby die voorwerp aan sowel versnelling as swaartekrag onderworpe is. Indien twee bewegende liggame 'n <a href="/wiki/Krag" title="Krag">krag</a> op mekaar uitoefen, is dit volgens Einstein dus onmoontlik om vas te stel of die krag aan swaartekrag of aan versnelling toegeskryf kan word. </p><p>Dit is selfs onmoontlik om vas te stel of 'n liggaam beweeg (of stilstaan), want die beweging vind altyd relatief tot ander liggame plaas. Hieruit is die beroemde relatiwiteitsteorie geformuleer. In die algemene relatiwiteitsteorie word die konvensionele swaartekragstelsel beskou as 'n stelsel sonder swaartekrag wat aan 'n versnelling onderhewig is. Hierdie teorie het ook die bestaan van <a href="/wiki/Swaartegolf" title="Swaartegolf">swaartegolwe</a> voorspel wat in 2017 bevestig is. </p><p>Die swaartekrag- of gravitasieveld wat wel met 'n hemelliggaam geassosieer word, word dikwels met 'n fyn net vergelyk waarin 'n bal lê. As die bal stil lê, vorm dit 'n holte in die net waarin dit as 't ware vasgevang word. As die bal egter in 'n sirkelbaan aan die rol gesit word, beweeg dit al hoe verder van die middelpunt (die oorspronklike holte of posisie) af weg en kan selfs van die net afbeweeg. Die bal kan byvoorbeeld met 'n satelliet of met die <a href="/wiki/Aarde" title="Aarde">aarde</a> (in sy baan om die <a href="/wiki/Son" title="Son">son</a>) vergelyk word. Hierdie analogie word dikwels in die kosmologie gebruik in die soeke na verklarings vir die verskillende verskynsels in die heelal (<a href="/wiki/Gravitasiekolk" class="mw-redirect" title="Gravitasiekolk">gravitasiekolke</a>, ensovoorts) en ook in 'n poging om 'n beter begrip van die <a href="/wiki/Hemelmeganika" title="Hemelmeganika">hemelmeganika</a> te vorm.<br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Swaartekrag_op_aarde">Swaartekrag op aarde</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Swaartekrag&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Wysig afdeling: Swaartekrag op aarde" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Swaartekrag&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Swaartekrag op aarde"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Die swaartekrag <i>F</i> tussen twee liggame kan beskryf word deur <a href="/wiki/Newton_se_Swaartekragwet" title="Newton se Swaartekragwet">Newton se Swaartekragwet</a>, </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle F=-G{\frac {m_{1}m_{2}}{r^{2}}}.}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>F</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mo>−</mo> <mi>G</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <msub> <mi>m</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> <msub> <mi>m</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> <msup> <mi>r</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>.</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle F=-G{\frac {m_{1}m_{2}}{r^{2}}}.}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/92d38bc18517ebea235f748e75b55e53fbd235b0" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.171ex; width:16.146ex; height:5.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle F=-G{\frac {m_{1}m_{2}}{r^{2}}}.}"></span></dd></dl> <p>waar </p> <dl><dd><i>G</i> = gravitasiekonstante.</dd> <dd><i>m<sub>1</sub></i>, <i>m<sub>2</sub></i> = die massa van die twee liggame</dd> <dd><i>r</i> = afstand tussen die massamiddelpunte van die twee liggame</dd></dl> <p>Veronderstel dat die eerste liggaam die son (massa <i>m<sub>s</sub></i>) is en dat die twee liggaam 'n klein proefligaam (massa <i>m<sub>0</sub></i>) is. Volgens die <a href="/wiki/Newton_se_bewegingswette" title="Newton se bewegingswette">tweede wet van Newton</a> is die verwantskap tussen die versnelling van die proefliggaam en die swaartekrag: </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle F=m_{0}g}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>F</mi> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>m</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mi>g</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle F=m_{0}g}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/684d45c0ded4437952fe5711ac9cd45943e03314" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:9.05ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle F=m_{0}g}"></span></dd></dl> <p>waar </p> <dl><dd><i>g</i> = <a href="/wiki/Swaartekragversnelling" title="Swaartekragversnelling">Swaartekragversnelling</a></dd></dl> <p>Vanaf hierdie twee vergelykings kry ons 'n teoretiese vergelyking vir die waarde van die <a href="/wiki/Swaartekragversnelling" title="Swaartekragversnelling">swaartekragversnelling</a> </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle g=-G{\frac {m_{s}}{r^{2}}}.}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>g</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mo>−</mo> <mi>G</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <msub> <mi>m</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>s</mi> </mrow> </msub> <msup> <mi>r</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>.</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle g=-G{\frac {m_{s}}{r^{2}}}.}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/6b187ea99de6395426e19b7b5c5619c0b7a3c5fc" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.171ex; width:12.376ex; height:5.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle g=-G{\frac {m_{s}}{r^{2}}}.}"></span></dd></dl> <p>Die swaartekragwette van Newton is op sy eenvoudigste vir puntmassas maar is deur Newton geformuleer om voorsiening te maak vir bolvormige liggame. Op aarde moet daarmee rekening gehou word dat die aardbol nie homogeen is nie (die massa is nie oral gelykmatig versprei nie). Daarom is die swaartekrag op sommige plekke op aarde ietwat groter as op ander plekke. Die vermindering in die swaartekragversnelling met hoogte bo die <a href="/wiki/Seevlak" title="Seevlak">seevlak</a> is: </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \Delta g=-2g{\frac {\Delta r}{r}}.}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mi>g</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mo>−</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mi>g</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mi>r</mi> </mrow> <mi>r</mi> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>.</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \Delta g=-2g{\frac {\Delta r}{r}}.}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/724b152f8c79cec4366d979f0c6f6c0a363451a8" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.838ex; width:14.704ex; height:5.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \Delta g=-2g{\frac {\Delta r}{r}}.}"></span></dd></dl> <p>waar </p> <dl><dd>Δg = vermindering van die swaarteversnelling</dd> <dd>Δr = hoogte bo die seevlak</dd> <dd>r = radius van die aarde</dd></dl> <p>Die waarde van hierdie vermindering is ongeveer 0,00288 m/s<sup>2</sup> vir elke <a href="/wiki/Kilometer" title="Kilometer">kilometer</a> bo die seevlak. </p><p>Verder sorg die rotasie van die aarde om sy as daarvoor dat alle voorwerpe op aarde ook 'n <a href="/wiki/Middelpuntvliedende_krag" title="Middelpuntvliedende krag">middelpuntvliedende krag</a> het wat op hulle inwerk. Hoe verder 'n voorwerp van die as af is, hoe groter is hierdie middelpuntvliedende krag. </p><p>Op die <a href="/wiki/Ewenaar" title="Ewenaar">ewenaar</a> is hierdie krag op sy grootste en by die pole is dit nul. Die netto krag wat 'n voorwerp dus weens swaartekrag ondervind sal dus groter wees hoe nader die voorwerp aan die pole is (m.a.w. hoe groter die <a href="/wiki/Breedtegraad" title="Breedtegraad">breedtegraad</a>). </p><p>Laastens is die vorm van die aarde effens afgeplat by die pole. Dit beteken dat die pole nader aan die middelpunt van die aarde is en daarom is die swaartekrag daar ook effens groter. Die waarde van die swaarteversnelling op verskeie plekke is:<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>9.78030 m/s<sup>2</sup> (<a href="/wiki/Ewenaar" title="Ewenaar">ewenaar</a>)</li> <li>9.7966 m/s<sup>2</sup> (<a href="/wiki/Kaapstad" title="Kaapstad">Kaapstad</a> – 33° 56′ S)</li> <li>9.81189 m/s<sup>2</sup> (<a href="/wiki/Greenwich" class="mw-disambig" title="Greenwich">Greenwich</a> – 51° 28′ N)</li> <li>9.8322 m/s<sup>2</sup> ( <a href="/wiki/Noordpool" title="Noordpool">Noordpool</a>)</li></ul> <p>In 1901 is 'n standaardwaarde van 9.80665 m/s<sup>2</sup> vir die <a href="/wiki/Swaartekragversnelling" title="Swaartekragversnelling">swaartekragversnelling</a> (g) deur die <a href="/wiki/CGPM" class="mw-redirect" title="CGPM">Algemene Konferensie vir Mate en Gewigte</a> aangeneem.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Spoed_van_'n_planeet_om_'n_ster"><span id="Spoed_van_.27n_planeet_om_.27n_ster"></span>Spoed van 'n planeet om 'n ster</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Swaartekrag&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Wysig afdeling: Spoed van 'n planeet om 'n ster" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Swaartekrag&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Spoed van 'n planeet om 'n ster"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Son_aarde_wentelbaan.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/af/thumb/3/3a/Son_aarde_wentelbaan.jpg/400px-Son_aarde_wentelbaan.jpg" decoding="async" width="400" height="423" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/af/thumb/3/3a/Son_aarde_wentelbaan.jpg/600px-Son_aarde_wentelbaan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/af/thumb/3/3a/Son_aarde_wentelbaan.jpg/800px-Son_aarde_wentelbaan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="888" data-file-height="939" /></a><figcaption>Swaartekrag hou die planete in hul wentelbane om die son.</figcaption></figure> <p>Verwys na figuur aan die regterkant, waar (SI eenhede of waarde in hakkies): </p> <ul><li>v = Spoed van aarde om son (m/s)</li> <li>r = Afstand tussen son en aarde (m)</li> <li>M<sub>s</sub> = Massa van son (kg)</li> <li>m<sub>a</sub> = Massa van aarde (kg)</li> <li>a = Versnelling (m/s<sup>2</sup>)</li> <li>G = Universele gravitasiekonstante (6.67x10-11 Nm<sup>2</sup>/kg<sup>2</sup>)</li></ul> <p><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle a={\frac {v^{2}}{r}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>a</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <msup> <mi>v</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mi>r</mi> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle a={\frac {v^{2}}{r}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/0220b1356204c98557a8b60d275196be3e9cf0c1" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.838ex; width:7.346ex; height:5.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle a={\frac {v^{2}}{r}}}"></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;">                                      </span> (1) </p><p><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle F_{G}=m_{a}a=m_{a}{\frac {v^{2}}{r}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>F</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>G</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>m</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>a</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mi>a</mi> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>m</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>a</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <msup> <mi>v</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mi>r</mi> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle F_{G}=m_{a}a=m_{a}{\frac {v^{2}}{r}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/f769c194e2f2cc6d9c6c9eda3a512da3c405ff8e" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.838ex; width:19.748ex; height:5.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle F_{G}=m_{a}a=m_{a}{\frac {v^{2}}{r}}}"></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;">          </span> (2) </p><p><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle F_{G}=G{\frac {M_{s}m_{a}}{r^{2}}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>F</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>G</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mi>G</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <msub> <mi>M</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>s</mi> </mrow> </msub> <msub> <mi>m</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>a</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> <msup> <mi>r</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle F_{G}=G{\frac {M_{s}m_{a}}{r^{2}}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/a1288cf418a967e8ccc0207fcff9931b7e7704fa" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.171ex; width:15.18ex; height:5.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle F_{G}=G{\frac {M_{s}m_{a}}{r^{2}}}}"></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;">                     </span> (3) </p><p>Stel (2) = (3): (Let wel: Hierdie vergelyking is <a href="/wiki/Kepler_se_wette" title="Kepler se wette">waar</a> <b>slegs</b> wanneer die <a href="/wiki/Wentelbaan" title="Wentelbaan">wentelbaan</a> van 'n planeet 'n sirkel is). </p><p><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle G{\frac {M_{s}m_{a}}{r^{2}}}=m_{a}{\frac {v^{2}}{r}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>G</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <msub> <mi>M</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>s</mi> </mrow> </msub> <msub> <mi>m</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>a</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> <msup> <mi>r</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>m</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>a</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <msup> <mi>v</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mi>r</mi> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle G{\frac {M_{s}m_{a}}{r^{2}}}=m_{a}{\frac {v^{2}}{r}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/0b5b31f3fbd7c934f0a9406da2d40d0360c3928b" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.171ex; width:18.321ex; height:6.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle G{\frac {M_{s}m_{a}}{r^{2}}}=m_{a}{\frac {v^{2}}{r}}}"></span> </p><p><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle M={\frac {v^{2}r}{G}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>M</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <msup> <mi>v</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mi>r</mi> </mrow> <mi>G</mi> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle M={\frac {v^{2}r}{G}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/0c3f0a0e48aeb6a0fdf659761dbe44a24fce4b64" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.005ex; width:9.607ex; height:5.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle M={\frac {v^{2}r}{G}}}"></span> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geskiedenis_van_die_studie_van_swaartekrag">Geskiedenis van die studie van swaartekrag</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Swaartekrag&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Wysig afdeling: Geskiedenis van die studie van swaartekrag" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Swaartekrag&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Geskiedenis van die studie van swaartekrag"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Daar is min bekend oor die ondersoek na swaartekrag in die antieke tyd; die <a href="/wiki/Filosofie" title="Filosofie">Griekse filosowe</a> het egter soms daaroor gepraat. <a href="/wiki/Aristoteles" title="Aristoteles">Aristoteles</a> het byvoorbeeld gemeen dat alles na onder val omdat daar in die middel van die aarde die "natuurlike plek" van materie is in die sogenaamde leer van die natuur. Tydens die wetenskaplike omwenteling was <a href="/wiki/Galileo_Galilei" title="Galileo Galilei">Galileo Galilei</a> die eerste om swaartekrag te ondersoek deur middel van waarnemings van die bane van <a href="/wiki/Hemelliggame" class="mw-redirect" title="Hemelliggame">hemelliggame</a> en eksperimente op aarde. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Isaac_Newton" title="Isaac Newton">Isaac Newton</a> het die belangrikheid van swaartekrag in die <a href="/wiki/Sterrekunde" title="Sterrekunde">sterrekunde</a> raakgesien. Hy het met sy <a href="/wiki/Newton_se_Swaartekragwet" title="Newton se Swaartekragwet">swaartekragwet</a> die bane van die planete verklaar wat <a href="/wiki/Nicolaas_Copernicus" title="Nicolaas Copernicus">Nicolaas Copernicus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Kepler" title="Johannes Kepler">Johannes Kepler</a> en <a href="/wiki/Tycho_Brahe" title="Tycho Brahe">Tycho Brahe</a> vroeër reeds beskryf het maar nie kon verklaar nie. Daar bestaan 'n welbekende storie dat Newton sy inspirasie gekry het toe 'n appel op sy kop geval het toe hy in 'n vrugteboord onder 'n boom 'n uiltjie geknip het, dit is egter onseker of die gebeurtenis wel plaasgevind het. </p><p>Hy het ook besef dat die maan inderwaarheid voortdurend na die aarde val, maar deur sy hoë snelheid nooit die aarde tref nie maar voortdurend om hom wentel. Newton het daarom ook vermoed dat dit moontlik behoort te wees om 'n kanonkoeël in 'n wentelbaan te plaas as 'n mens dit teen 'n voldoende hoë snelheid (sien ontsnappingssnelheid) kon skiet. Tegnies gesproke sou dit meer akkuraat wees om te sê dat die maan en aarde beide rondom een gemeenskaplike punt wentel. Die uitwerking van die <a href="/wiki/Maan" title="Maan">maan</a> se swaartekrag op die aarde kan duidelik gesien word aan die oseaan<a href="/wiki/Gety" title="Gety">getye</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kyk_ook">Kyk ook</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Swaartekrag&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Wysig afdeling: Kyk ook" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Swaartekrag&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Kyk ook"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Newton_se_Swaartekragwet" title="Newton se Swaartekragwet">Newton se Swaartekragwet</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Verwysings">Verwysings</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Swaartekrag&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Wysig afdeling: Verwysings" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Swaartekrag&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Verwysings"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-family:sans-serif; font-weight:bold; font-size:85%; cursor:help; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);" title="Taal: Engels">(<span style="border-bottom: 1px dotted var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">en</span>) </span><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r2205490">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:12px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite id="CITEREFClark1957" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Clark, John B (1957). <i>Physical and Mathematical Tables</i> (in Engels). London: Oliver and Boyd. p. 71.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Physical+and+Mathematical+Tables&rft.place=London&rft.pages=71&rft.pub=Oliver+and+Boyd&rft.date=1957&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=John+B&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3ASwaartekrag" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bipm.org/en/CGPM/db/3/2/">"Resolution of the 3rd CGPM (1901)"</a> (in Engels). Bureau international des poids et mesures. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200125210045/https://www1.bipm.org/en/CGPM/db/3/2/">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 25 Januarie 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Resolution+of+the+3rd+CGPM+%281901%29&rft.pub=Bureau+international+des+poids+et+mesures&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bipm.org%2Fen%2FCGPM%2Fdb%2F3%2F2%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3ASwaartekrag" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bron">Bron</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Swaartekrag&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Wysig afdeling: Bron" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Swaartekrag&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Bron"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/W%C3%AAreldspektrum" title="Wêreldspektrum">Wêreldspektrum</a>, 1982, <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/0908409680" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0908409680</a>, volume 27, bl. 41 - 42</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eksterne_skakels">Eksterne skakels</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Swaartekrag&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Wysig afdeling: Eksterne skakels" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Swaartekrag&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Eksterne skakels"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Wiktionary_small.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Wiktionary_small.svg/12px-Wiktionary_small.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Wiktionary_small.svg/18px-Wiktionary_small.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Wiktionary_small.svg/24px-Wiktionary_small.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="350" data-file-height="350" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Wikiwoordeboek" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikiwoordeboek">Wikiwoordeboek</a> het 'n inskrywing vir <a href="https://af.wiktionary.org/wiki/swaartekrag" class="extiw" title="wikt:swaartekrag">swaartekrag</a>.</li></ul> <div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Normdata_frameless_&#124;text-top_&#124;10px_&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata_&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11412&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th id="Normdata_frameless_&#124;text-top_&#124;10px_&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata_&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11412&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hulp:Normdata" title="Hulp:Normdata">Normdata</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11412" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Espa%C3%B1a" class="mw-redirect" title="Biblioteca Nacional de España">BNE</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX53092">XX53092</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France">BNF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11941885b">cb11941885b</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11941885b">(data)</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4021908-2">4021908-2</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85056558">sh85056558</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/National_Diet_Library" class="mw-redirect" title="National Diet Library">NDL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00575134">00575134</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_the_Czech_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="National Library of the Czech Republic">NKC</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph120611&CON_LNG=ENG">ph120611</a></span></span></li> 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