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id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="pre-content heading-holder"> <div class="page-heading"> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Bailiff (Channel Islands)</span></h1> <div class="tagline"></div> </div> <ul id="p-associated-pages" class="minerva__tab-container"> <li class="minerva__tab selected"> <a class="minerva__tab-text" href="/wiki/Bailiff_(Channel_Islands)" rel="" data-event-name="tabs.subject">Article</a> </li> <li class="minerva__tab "> <a class="minerva__tab-text" href="/wiki/Talk:Bailiff_(Channel_Islands)" rel="discussion" data-event-name="tabs.talk">Talk</a> </li> </ul> <nav class="page-actions-menu"> <ul id="p-views" class="page-actions-menu__list"> <li id="language-selector" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"> <a role="button" href="" data-mw="interface" data-event-name="menu.languages" title="Language" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet language-selector disabled"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--language"></span> <span>Language</span> </a> </li> <li id="page-actions-watch" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"> <a role="button" id="ca-watch" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Bailiff+%28Channel+Islands%29" data-event-name="menu.watch" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet menu__item--page-actions-watch"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--star"></span> <span>Watch</span> </a> </li> <li id="page-actions-edit" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"> <a role="button" id="ca-edit" href="/w/index.php?title=Bailiff_(Channel_Islands)&action=edit" data-event-name="menu.edit" data-mw="interface" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet edit-page menu__item--page-actions-edit"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>Edit</span> </a> </li> </ul> </nav>  <div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="content"> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><script>function mfTempOpenSection(id){var block=document.getElementById("mf-section-"+id);block.className+=" open-block";block.previousSibling.className+=" open-block";}</script><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><section class="mf-section-0" id="mf-section-0"> <p>The <b>Bailiff</b> is the <a href="/wiki/Chief_justice" title="Chief justice">chief justice</a> in each of the <a href="/wiki/Channel_Islands" title="Channel Islands">Channel Island</a> <a href="/wiki/Bailiwick" title="Bailiwick">bailiwicks</a> of <a href="/wiki/Bailiwick_of_Guernsey" title="Bailiwick of Guernsey">Guernsey</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jersey" title="Jersey">Jersey</a>, also serving as <a href="/wiki/Speaker_(politics)" title="Speaker (politics)">president of the legislature</a> and having ceremonial and executive functions. Each bailiwick has possessed its own bailiff since the islands were divided into two <a href="/wiki/Jurisdiction_(area)" title="Jurisdiction (area)">jurisdictions</a> in the 13th century. The bailiffs and deputy bailiffs are appointed by <a href="/wiki/The_Crown" title="The Crown">the Crown</a> on the advice of the <a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Justice" title="Secretary of State for Justice">Secretary of State for Justice</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (not by the governments or legislatures of the islands) and may hold office until retirement age (65 in Guernsey, 70 in Jersey). </p> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Name"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Name</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#Roles_of_the_bailiffs"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Roles of the bailiffs</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="#Bailiff_of_Guernsey"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Bailiff of Guernsey</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="#Bailiff_of_Jersey"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Bailiff of Jersey</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="#Historical_development"><span class="tocnumber">4.1</span> <span class="toctext">Historical development</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6"><a href="#Current_roles"><span class="tocnumber">4.2</span> <span class="toctext">Current roles</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-7"><a href="#Proposed_reforms"><span class="tocnumber">4.3</span> <span class="toctext">Proposed reforms</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="#Notes"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Notes</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-9"><a href="#References"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-10"><a href="#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Name">Name</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Bailiff_(Channel_Islands)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Name" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <p>After 1212, the <a href="/wiki/King_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="King of England">King of England</a> appointed a custodian to manage the Crown's affairs in the <a href="/wiki/Channel_Islands" title="Channel Islands">Channel Islands</a>. At this time, there was no distinction between Warden/Governor and Bailiff, as evolved in later centuries. Officeholder Philip de Aubigné styled his role in 1218 as <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">ballivus insularum</i></span>, <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">ballivus</i></span> being the Latin term for a person who looked after the interests of a Lord. With this meaning, <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">ballivus</i></span> could be translated to the English word 'Warden', by which the office is normally called today and became officially known after 1259.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Warden was normally absent from the island, only regularly visiting for the triennial <a href="/wiki/Assizes" title="Assizes">assize</a>. Therefore, the Warden's quotidian duties would have been carried out by a team of deputies, who were islanders and who became referred to as the <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">ballivi</i></span>. As such, one or more <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">ballivi</i></span>. By the end of the 13th century, the modern position of Bailiff appears in record, emerging from this position of <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">ballivus</i></span>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Roles_of_the_bailiffs">Roles of the bailiffs</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Bailiff_(Channel_Islands)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Roles of the bailiffs" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <p>Originally, the bailiff was both legislator and judge, but the position has become increasingly concentrated on the judicial functions. The bailiff presides in the main <a href="/wiki/Trial_court" title="Trial court">trial court</a> in his island – the <a href="/wiki/Courts_of_Jersey#Royal_Court" title="Courts of Jersey">Royal Court of Jersey</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Court_of_Guernsey" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Court of Guernsey">Royal Court of Guernsey</a>, where they sit with <a href="/wiki/Jurat" title="Jurat">Jurats</a>, elected lay judges responsible for making finds of fact. The bailiff of each island is also a member of the court of appeal in his island, and that of the other. </p><p>The bailiffs are the presidents (<a href="/wiki/Speaker_(politics)" title="Speaker (politics)">presiding officers</a>) of the legislatures—the <a href="/wiki/States_of_Jersey" class="mw-redirect" title="States of Jersey">States of Jersey Assembly</a> and the <a href="/wiki/States_of_Guernsey" title="States of Guernsey">States of Deliberation</a> in Guernsey. </p><p>Constitutional changes introduced in Jersey (2005) and Guernsey (2004) created posts of chief minister and in Jersey (but not in Guernsey) created a ministerial system of government. This has altered the executive functions of the bailiffs but they continue to have a residual executive role (for example, they see any correspondence between the chief minister of their island and the UK government and may be involved in any political decisions affecting the constitutional relationship between the islands and the United Kingdom). Each bailiff continues to be the 'first citizen' of the island, carrying out civil and ceremonial roles. </p><p>The last lay (that is, not legally-qualified) Bailiff in either jurisdiction was Sir Edgar McCulloch, Bailiff of Guernsey, who served in the role from 1884–1895. By <a href="/wiki/Constitutional_convention_(political_custom)" class="mw-redirect" title="Constitutional convention (political custom)">constitutional convention</a> he or she (though to date there have been no women holders of the office) and the deputy bailiff are now invariably selected from among those who have previously held the senior office within the Law Officers of the Crown–the <a href="/wiki/Procureur" class="mw-redirect" title="Procureur">Procureur</a> in Guernsey and the Attorney General in Jersey. Bailiffs and deputy bailiffs in modern times have also invariably been qualified as advocates in their respective islands. </p><p>A deputy bailiff in each bailiwick may preside in the Royal Court and States chamber when the bailiff is not available. Senior <a href="/wiki/Jurat" title="Jurat">jurats</a> may be appointed as lieutenant-bailiffs to perform some ceremonial duties in lieu of the bailiff on occasion as well as presiding over judicial proceedings generally of an administrative nature. </p><p>In 1617 a <a href="/wiki/Privy_Council_of_England" title="Privy Council of England">Privy Council</a> decision clarified the division of civil and military responsibilities between the bailiffs and the lieutenant governors in <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_Governor_of_Guernsey" title="Lieutenant Governor of Guernsey">Guernsey</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_Governor_of_Jersey" title="Lieutenant Governor of Jersey">Jersey</a>. For the first time, the Crown laid down the bailiff's precedence over the governor in judicial affairs and in the States chamber. </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Bailiff_of_Guernsey">Bailiff of Guernsey</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Bailiff_(Channel_Islands)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Bailiff of Guernsey" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Bailiff_of_Guernsey" title="Bailiff of Guernsey">Bailiff of Guernsey</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_bailiffs_of_Guernsey" title="List of bailiffs of Guernsey">List of bailiffs of Guernsey</a></div> <p>The Bailiff of <a href="/wiki/Guernsey" title="Guernsey">Guernsey</a> was less clearly delineated as to separation of legislative or administrative and judicial functions than that of the Bailiff of Jersey. He was head of the administration in Guernsey and used to preside over a number of States committees. </p><p>In 2000, the <a href="/wiki/European_Court_of_Human_Rights" title="European Court of Human Rights">European Court of Human Rights</a> held in <i>McGonnell v. United Kingdom</i><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> that there was a breach of Article 6 in Guernsey where the Bailiff or Deputy Bailiff sat as president of the <a href="/wiki/States_of_Guernsey" title="States of Guernsey">States of Guernsey</a> when proposed legislation was being debated and then subsequently sat as a judge of the <a href="/wiki/Courts_of_Guernsey" title="Courts of Guernsey">Royal Court of Guernsey</a> in a case where that legislation was relevant. The court, noting that there was no suggestion that the Bailiff 'was subjectively biased', stated that the 'mere fact' that this happened was capable of casting doubt on the Bailiff's impartiality. </p><p>The Bailiff remains civil head of the island, as well as head of the judiciary, the Presiding Officer of the <a href="/wiki/States_of_Deliberation" class="mw-redirect" title="States of Deliberation">States of Deliberation</a>'. </p><p>The Bailiff is ex officio, a Judge of the Court of Appeal and its President. The Bailiff represents Guernsey as civic head of the community in and outside the Island, on occasions of a non-political nature and will greet and welcome members of the Royal Family and dignitaries visiting the Island on behalf of the people of Guernsey.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> May be appointed as a member of the Court of Appeal of Jersey. </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Bailiff_of_Jersey">Bailiff of Jersey</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Bailiff_(Channel_Islands)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Bailiff of Jersey" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Bailiff_of_Jersey" title="Bailiff of Jersey">Bailiff of Jersey</a></div> <p>The <b>Bailiff of Jersey</b> (<a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a>: <i lang="fr">Bailli de Jersey</i>, <a href="/wiki/J%C3%A8rriais" title="Jèrriais">Jèrriais</a>: <span title="Norman-language text"><i lang="nrf">Bailli d'Jèrri</i></span>) is the chief justice of the island and the presiding officer of the <a href="/wiki/States_Assembly" title="States Assembly">States Assembly</a>. </p><p>The position of <a href="/wiki/List_of_Bailiffs_of_Jersey" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Bailiffs of Jersey">bailiff</a> was created shortly after the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Paris_(1259)" title="Treaty of Paris (1259)">Treaty of Paris 1259</a> in which the King of England, <a href="/wiki/Henry_III_of_England" title="Henry III of England">Henry III</a>, gave up claim to all of the Duchy of Normandy but the Channel Islands. Rather than absorb the islands into the Kingdom of England, a warden (now <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_Governor_of_Jersey" title="Lieutenant Governor of Jersey">lieutenant governor</a>) and bailiff were appointed to run the island on his behalf. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Historical_development">Historical development</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Bailiff_(Channel_Islands)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Historical development" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>The origin of the <a href="/wiki/States_Assembly" title="States Assembly">States of Jersey</a> lies in the summoning of representatives of the parishes (the <a href="/wiki/Conn%C3%A9table_(Jersey_and_Guernsey)" title="Connétable (Jersey and Guernsey)">connétable</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rector_(ecclesiastical)" title="Rector (ecclesiastical)">rectors</a>) to advise the <a href="/wiki/Courts_of_Jersey" title="Courts of Jersey">Royal Court</a> on legislation. The States of Jersey thus evolved a separate identity. Although it was already sitting in the 16th century, the first separate minutes of the meetings were not kept until the 17th century. </p><p>The Royal Court, under the presidency of the Bailiff, originally not only administered the <a href="/wiki/Law_of_Jersey" title="Law of Jersey">law of the island</a> but also wrote it. As a Crown appointment, the Bailiff was a powerful figure and the post was the subject of patronage. From the time of <a href="/wiki/George_Carteret" title="George Carteret">George Carteret</a> in the 1660s onwards the position of Bailiff became a political fiefdom of the de Carteret family and the position was de facto hereditary – although many of the de Carteret bailiffs, such as the <a href="/wiki/John_Carteret,_2nd_Earl_Granville" title="John Carteret, 2nd Earl Granville">Earl Granville</a>, preferred to pursue political careers in England. During this period, the absentee bailiffs appointed lieutenant-bailiffs to exercise office. </p><p>In 1750 Charles Lemprière was appointed lieutenant-bailiff and set about establishing a powerbase by engineering the election and appointments of members of the Lemprière family to office. A succession of weak lieutenant-governors enabled Lemprière to establish an autocratic régime, making the States subservient to the Royal Court and ensuring, by the handpicked appointment of advocates, that opponents would be unable to get legal representation. A threatened shortage of corn sparked popular protest and led to a mob sacking the Royal Court. The Bailiff and <a href="/wiki/Jurat" title="Jurat">jurats</a> took refuge in <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Castle" title="Elizabeth Castle">Elizabeth Castle</a> and petitioned the king. In 1770 Colonel Bentinck, a Dutchman, was appointed lieutenant-governor with instructions to oversee reform. </p><p>In 1771 it was laid down in Jersey that no laws might be adopted without being passed by the States of Jersey. From this time on the bailiff was to be the chief power in Jersey as president of the States, rather than as president of the Royal Court. The party of <i>Charlots</i> (conservative supporters of Lemprière who claimed that the States could not pass legislation without the agreement of the Royal Court) were opposed at elections by <i>Magots</i>, and by 1790 the progressive <i>Magots</i> had majorities in both the Royal Court and the States. </p><p>In 1826, the long succession of absentee bailiffs came to an end with the appointment of Thomas Le Breton. Under Jean Hammond (bailiff 1858–1880) the role became established as a politically impartial, if paternalistic, presidency. The introduction of deputies into the States in 1857 added to the democratic weight of the legislative assembly, but the bailiff still guided the government of the bailiwick. </p><p>The States continued to use the Royal Court as their debating chamber until the construction of a dedicated States chamber on an adjacent site in 1887. </p><p>The process of democratisation through the 19th and 20th centuries shifted the focus of political influence to the elected members of the States. </p><p>In 1921, the property and financial powers of the Assembly of Governor, Bailiff and Jurats was taken over by the States of Jersey, leaving that assembly with only power to act as <a href="/wiki/Liquor_law" class="mw-redirect" title="Liquor law">licensing</a> bench. With the power to levy <a href="/wiki/Excise_duty" class="mw-redirect" title="Excise duty">impôts</a> henceforth in the hands of the States, and with the introduction of the <a href="/wiki/Income_Tax" class="mw-redirect" title="Income Tax">Income Tax</a> law of 1928, the legislators now controlled the budget independently of the bailiff. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Coutanche,_Baron_Coutanche" title="Alexander Coutanche, Baron Coutanche">Alexander Coutanche</a>, appointed in 1935, was the last bailiff appointed before the passage of a law on the bailiff in 1936. He was the last bailiff appointed for life and the last under the sole prerogative of the Crown without the obligation to consult the States of Jersey. </p><p>Although the need for centralised administration during the <a href="/wiki/German_occupation_of_the_Channel_Islands" title="German occupation of the Channel Islands">German Occupation 1940-1945</a> made the bailiff a commanding figure in the circumstances of trying to maintain the life of the bailiwick, the constitutional reforms of 1948 which removed the jurats from the States, replacing them with senators, separated more clearly legislature and judiciary. Political leadership now rested more clearly with the senators as purely political senior elected representatives. </p><p>In 1958 the post of deputy bailiff was introduced to spread the workload of bailiff – the deputy bailiff generally proceeding to replace the bailiff on the latter's retirement or death. <a href="/wiki/Judiciary_of_Jersey_(list)#Commissioners_of_the_Royal_Court_of_Jersey" class="mw-redirect" title="Judiciary of Jersey (list)">Commissions of the Royal Court</a> (acting judges) now ensures that the bailiff never sits on a case which relied on a law that he had taken part in the legislative process for. </p><p>The States of Jersey Law 2005 removed the bailiff's <a href="/wiki/Casting_vote" title="Casting vote">casting vote</a> in the event of a tied vote in the States chamber.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 2005 law also introduced a ministerial system of government under a <a href="/wiki/Chief_Minister_of_Jersey" title="Chief Minister of Jersey">Chief Minister</a>, which further removed the Bailiff from involvement in executive decision-making. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Current_roles">Current roles</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Bailiff_(Channel_Islands)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Current roles" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>The modern-day roles of the bailiff are as follows: </p> <ul><li>Head of the <a href="/wiki/Judiciary_of_Jersey_(list)" class="mw-redirect" title="Judiciary of Jersey (list)">judiciary of Jersey</a></li> <li>President of the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Court_of_Jersey" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Court of Jersey">Royal Court</a> (<a href="/wiki/Chief_justice" title="Chief justice">chief justice</a>)</li> <li>President of the <a href="/wiki/Court_of_Appeal_of_Jersey" class="mw-redirect" title="Court of Appeal of Jersey">Court of Appeal</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> though in practice the bailiff rarely sits in this court</li> <li>Member of the <a href="/wiki/Court_of_Appeal_of_Guernsey" class="mw-redirect" title="Court of Appeal of Guernsey">Court of Appeal of Guernsey</a><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>President of the <a href="/wiki/States_of_Jersey" class="mw-redirect" title="States of Jersey">States Assembly</a><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/Speaker_(politics)" title="Speaker (politics)">presiding officer</a>)</li> <li>Deputy governor in the absence of the <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_Governor_of_Jersey" title="Lieutenant Governor of Jersey">lieutenant governor</a></li> <li>President of the College of Electors<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> under the Royal Court (Jersey) Law 1948 for the election of <a href="/wiki/Jurat#Channel_Islands" title="Jurat">jurats</a> (existing jurats, senators, deputies, <a href="/wiki/Conn%C3%A9table_(Jersey_and_Guernsey)" title="Connétable (Jersey and Guernsey)">connétables</a> and all practising advocates and solicitors); the bailiff is a member, but may only vote in the event of a tie after a second ballot</li> <li>An attendee of the Emergencies Council<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>President of the Assembly of Bailiff, Governor and Jurats,<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> inter alia responsible for regulating the sale of alcohol.</li> <li>Responsibility for giving permission for certain types of public entertainment,<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> including theatre, cinema and cabaret performances. Since 1987, an advisory panel appointed by the States Assembly has delegated authority in the name of the bailiff who is not involved in any respect with the decision-making process.</li> <li>The bailiff has the power to make various <a href="/wiki/Law_of_Jersey#Judiciary" title="Law of Jersey">judiciary-related appointments</a>: <ul><li>Lieutenant bailiffs (usually jurats) and commissioners, any of whom may preside over the Royal Court and exercise other judicial functions of the bailiff as required.</li> <li>the magistrate, assistant magistrate and relief magistrates.</li> <li>approves the appointment by the Attorney General of <a href="/wiki/Crown_Advocate" class="mw-redirect" title="Crown Advocate">Crown Advocates</a>.</li> <li>appoints the <a href="/wiki/Viscount_of_Jersey" title="Viscount of Jersey">Viscount</a>.</li></ul></li> <li>The bailiff is the civic head of the island, carrying out various ceremonial duties (such as on Liberation Day and Remembrance Sunday) and receiving distinguished visitors to Jersey.</li> <li>The bailiff has a role as ‘guardian of the constitution’. Outgoing official correspondence to the Ministry of Justice (the UK government department responsible for relations with the island) goes from the bailiff via the lieutenant governor, with input from the attorney general. Incoming correspondence takes the reverse route. The substance of the correspondence is settled by the political decision of the chief minister who is responsible for the island's external relations.</li></ul> <p>The deputy bailiff has a specific function of being the President of the Board of Examiners for the Jersey law examinations.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Proposed_reforms">Proposed reforms</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Bailiff_(Channel_Islands)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Proposed reforms" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>The question whether the office of bailiff should combine roles of chief justice, presiding officer of the legislature and civic functions has long been a matter of debate. The 1947 <i>Report of the Committee of the Privy Council on the Proposed Reforms in the Channel Islands</i> recommended 'that there should be no alteration in the present functions of the Bailiff'.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, both the Clothier committee<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the Carswell review<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> called for reforms. The <a href="/wiki/States_of_Jersey" class="mw-redirect" title="States of Jersey">States of Jersey</a> have not accepted this aspect of the Carswell report. Many prominent islanders do not believe that any change is necessary or desirable.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Bailiff_(Channel_Islands)&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Notes" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">See Jersey Evening Post<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the evidence received by the Carswell review<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(6)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Bailiff_(Channel_Islands)&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-6 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-6"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gov.je/Government/NonexecLegal/BailiffsChambers/Pages/AppointmentProcessDeputyBailiff.aspx">"Government of Jersey"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210805092646/https://www.gov.je/Government/NonexecLegal/BailiffsChambers/Pages/AppointmentProcessDeputyBailiff.aspx">Archived</a> from the original on 2021-08-05<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-01-08</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Government+of+Jersey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gov.je%2FGovernment%2FNonexecLegal%2FBailiffsChambers%2FPages%2FAppointmentProcessDeputyBailiff.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABailiff+%28Channel+Islands%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEverardHolt2004" class="citation book cs1">Everard, Judith; Holt, James Clarke (2004). <i>Jersey 1204: the forging of an island community</i>. London: Thames & Hudson. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-500-51163-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-500-51163-3"><bdi>978-0-500-51163-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Jersey+1204%3A+the+forging+of+an+island+community&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Thames+%26+Hudson&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-0-500-51163-3&rft.aulast=Everard&rft.aufirst=Judith&rft.au=Holt%2C+James+Clarke&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABailiff+%28Channel+Islands%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>McGonnell v United Kingdom</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bailii.org/eu/cases/ECHR/2000/62.html">[2000] ECHR 62</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://guernseyroyalcourt.gg/article/1943/The-Bailiff-and-other-Court-Officials#:~:text=He%20also%20sits%20in%20the,of%20procedure%20and%20maintaining%20order.">"The Bailiff and other Court Officials"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 September</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Bailiff+and+other+Court+Officials&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fguernseyroyalcourt.gg%2Farticle%2F1943%2FThe-Bailiff-and-other-Court-Officials%23%3A~%3Atext%3DHe%2520also%2520sits%2520in%2520the%2Cof%2520procedure%2520and%2520maintaining%2520order.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABailiff+%28Channel+Islands%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jerseylaw.je/laws/revised/Pages/16.800.aspx">"States of Jersey Law 2005"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180513223937/https://www.jerseylaw.je/laws/revised/Pages/16.800.aspx">Archived</a> from the original on 2018-05-13<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-01-08</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=States+of+Jersey+Law+2005&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jerseylaw.je%2Flaws%2Frevised%2FPages%2F16.800.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABailiff+%28Channel+Islands%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jerseylaw.je/laws/revised/Pages/07.245.aspx#_Toc2693588">"Court of Appeal (Jersey) Law 1961"</a>. S9 Convening and constitution of Court of Appeal. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191003131218/https://www.jerseylaw.je/laws/revised/Pages/07.245.aspx#_Toc2693588">Archived</a> from the original on 2019-10-03<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-01-08</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Court+of+Appeal+%28Jersey%29+Law+1961&rft.pages=S9+Convening+and+constitution+of+Court+of+Appeal&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jerseylaw.je%2Flaws%2Frevised%2FPages%2F07.245.aspx%23_Toc2693588&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABailiff+%28Channel+Islands%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.guernseylegalresources.gg/CHttpHandler.ashx?id=70834&p=0">"The Court of Appeal (Guernsey) Law, 1961 (consolidated text)"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210306180510/http://www.guernseylegalresources.gg/CHttpHandler.ashx?id=70834&p=0">Archived</a> from the original on 2021-03-06<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-01-08</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Court+of+Appeal+%28Guernsey%29+Law%2C+1961+%28consolidated+text%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.guernseylegalresources.gg%2FCHttpHandler.ashx%3Fid%3D70834%26p%3D0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABailiff+%28Channel+Islands%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jerseylaw.je/laws/revised/Pages/16.800.aspx#_Toc2697064">"States of Jersey Law 2005"</a>. S3 Presidency of the States. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180513223937/https://www.jerseylaw.je/laws/revised/Pages/16.800.aspx#_Toc2697064">Archived</a> from the original on 2018-05-13<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-01-08</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=States+of+Jersey+Law+2005&rft.pages=S3+Presidency+of+the+States&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jerseylaw.je%2Flaws%2Frevised%2FPages%2F16.800.aspx%23_Toc2697064&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABailiff+%28Channel+Islands%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jerseylaw.je/laws/revised/Pages/07.770.aspx#_Toc518651786">"Royal Court (Jersey) Law 1948"</a>. S4 Appointment of Jurats. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210225025857/https://www.jerseylaw.je/laws/revised/Pages/07.770.aspx#_Toc518651786">Archived</a> from the original on 2021-02-25<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-01-08</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Royal+Court+%28Jersey%29+Law+1948&rft.pages=S4+Appointment+of+Jurats&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jerseylaw.je%2Flaws%2Frevised%2FPages%2F07.770.aspx%23_Toc518651786&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABailiff+%28Channel+Islands%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jerseylaw.je/laws/revised/Pages/23.100.aspx#_Toc440981745">"Emergency Powers and Planning (Jersey) Law 1990"</a>. S1 Emergencies Council. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210225025542/https://www.jerseylaw.je/laws/revised/Pages/23.100.aspx#_Toc440981745">Archived</a> from the original on 2021-02-25<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-01-08</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Emergency+Powers+and+Planning+%28Jersey%29+Law+1990&rft.pages=S1+Emergencies+Council&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jerseylaw.je%2Flaws%2Frevised%2FPages%2F23.100.aspx%23_Toc440981745&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABailiff+%28Channel+Islands%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jerseylaw.je/laws/revised/Pages/11.450.aspx">"Licensing (Jersey) Law 1974"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220330125127/https://www.jerseylaw.je/laws/revised/Pages/11.450.aspx">Archived</a> from the original on 2022-03-30<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-03-30</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Licensing+%28Jersey%29+Law+1974&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jerseylaw.je%2Flaws%2Frevised%2FPages%2F11.450.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABailiff+%28Channel+Islands%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jerseylaw.je/laws/revised/Pages/11.700.aspx#_Toc456277988">"Unlawful Public Entertainments (Jersey) Regulations 2016"</a>. s1 Organizing an unlawful public entertainment an offence. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190413043614/https://www.jerseylaw.je/laws/revised/Pages/11.700.aspx#_Toc456277988">Archived</a> from the original on 2019-04-13<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-01-08</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Unlawful+Public+Entertainments+%28Jersey%29+Regulations+2016&rft.pages=s1+Organizing+an+unlawful+public+entertainment+an+offence&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jerseylaw.je%2Flaws%2Frevised%2FPages%2F11.700.aspx%23_Toc456277988&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABailiff+%28Channel+Islands%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jerseylaw.je/laws/revised/Pages/07.070.aspx#_Toc468802905">"Advocates and Solicitors (Jersey) Law 1997"</a>. s9 Board of Examiners. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210225020421/https://www.jerseylaw.je/laws/revised/Pages/07.070.aspx#_Toc468802905">Archived</a> from the original on 2021-02-25<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-01-08</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Advocates+and+Solicitors+%28Jersey%29+Law+1997&rft.pages=s9+Board+of+Examiners&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jerseylaw.je%2Flaws%2Frevised%2FPages%2F07.070.aspx%23_Toc468802905&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABailiff+%28Channel+Islands%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><i>Report of the Committee of the Privy Council on the Proposed Reforms in the Channel Islands</i>, London: HMSO, 1947, Cmd 7074</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Report+of+the+Committee+of+the+Privy+Council+on+the+Proposed+Reforms+in+the+Channel+Islands&rft.place=London&rft.pub=HMSO&rft.date=1947&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABailiff+%28Channel+Islands%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><i>Report of the Review Panel on the Machinery of Government in Jersey</i>, December 2000</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Report+of+the+Review+Panel+on+the+Machinery+of+Government+in+Jersey&rft.date=2000-12&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABailiff+%28Channel+Islands%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><i>Review of the Roles of the Crown Officers</i>, December 2010</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Review+of+the+Roles+of+the+Crown+Officers&rft.date=2010-12&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABailiff+%28Channel+Islands%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-jersey-11928087">"Jersey Bailiff's dual role should stop - Lord Carswell"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 June</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Jersey+Bailiff%27s+dual+role+should+stop+-+Lord+Carswell&rft.date=2010-12-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld-europe-jersey-11928087&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABailiff+%28Channel+Islands%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120322232708/http://www.channelonline.tv/channelonline_jerseynews/DisplayArticle.asp?ID=492100">"Bailiff shouldn't sit in States"</a>. Channel Television. 6 December 2010. 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Archived from the original on 15 October 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 August</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Jersey+Evening+Post&rft.atitle=Let%27s+not+throw+out+800+years+of+history+and+good+governance&rft.date=2010-12-20&rft.aulast=Jeune&rft.aufirst=Reg&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thisisjersey.com%2F2010%2F12%2F20%2Flets-not-throw-out-800-years-of-history-and-good-governance%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABailiff+%28Channel+Islands%29" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_news" title="Template:Cite news">cite news</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: unfit URL (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_unfit_URL" title="Category:CS1 maint: unfit URL">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gov.je/Government/HowGovernmentWorks/ReviewCrownOfficers/Pages/WrittenSubmissions.aspx">"Written submissions considered by the panel reviewing the role of Jersey's Crown Officers"</a>. <i>gov.je</i>. Crown Officers Review. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120324085618/http://www.gov.je/Government/HowGovernmentWorks/ReviewCrownOfficers/Pages/WrittenSubmissions.aspx">Archived</a> from the original on 2012-03-24<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-08-07</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=gov.je&rft.atitle=Written+submissions+considered+by+the+panel+reviewing+the+role+of+Jersey%27s+Crown+Officers&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gov.je%2FGovernment%2FHowGovernmentWorks%2FReviewCrownOfficers%2FPages%2FWrittenSubmissions.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABailiff+%28Channel+Islands%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSyvretStevens1998" class="citation book cs1">Syvret, Marguerite; Stevens, Joan (1998). <i>Balleine's History of Jersey</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-86077-065-7" title="Special:BookSources/1-86077-065-7"><bdi>1-86077-065-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Balleine%27s+History+of+Jersey&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=1-86077-065-7&rft.aulast=Syvret&rft.aufirst=Marguerite&rft.au=Stevens%2C+Joan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABailiff+%28Channel+Islands%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><i>Memoirs of Lord Coutanche</i></li></ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(7)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Bailiff_(Channel_Islands)&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: See also" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-7 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-7"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bailiff" title="Bailiff">Bailiff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Courts_of_Jersey" title="Courts of Jersey">Courts of Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judge_of_Alderney" title="Judge of Alderney">Judge of Alderney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Jersey" title="Law of Jersey">Law of Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_bailiffs_of_Guernsey" title="List of bailiffs of Guernsey">List of bailiffs of Guernsey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bailiff_of_Jersey" title="Bailiff of Jersey">Bailiff of Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/States_of_Guernsey" title="States of Guernsey">States of Guernsey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/States_of_Jersey" class="mw-redirect" title="States of Jersey">States of Jersey</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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