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class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">System for unattended operation of a broadcast transmission facility</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Automatic_transmission" title="Automatic transmission">automatic transmission</a>.</div> <p>An <b>automatic transmission system</b> (ATS) is an <a href="/wiki/Automate" class="mw-redirect" title="Automate">automated</a> <a href="/wiki/System" title="System">system</a> designed to keep a broadcast radio or television station's <a href="/wiki/Transmitter" title="Transmitter">transmitter</a> and <a href="/wiki/Antenna_(radio)" title="Antenna (radio)">antenna system</a> running without direct human oversight or attention for long periods. Such systems are occasionally referred to as <i>automated transmission systems</i> to avoid confusion with the <a href="/wiki/Automatic_transmission" title="Automatic transmission">automatic transmission</a> of an <a href="/wiki/Automobile" class="mw-redirect" title="Automobile">automobile</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automatic_transmission_system&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Traditionally, radio and television stations were required to have a licensed <a href="/wiki/Operator_(profession)" title="Operator (profession)">operator</a>, <a href="/wiki/Technician" title="Technician">technician</a> or <a href="/wiki/Electrical_engineer" class="mw-redirect" title="Electrical engineer">electrical engineer</a> available to tend to a transmitter at all times it was operating or capable of operating. Any condition (such as <a href="/wiki/Harmonic_distortion" class="mw-redirect" title="Harmonic distortion">distorted</a> or <a href="/wiki/Frequency" title="Frequency">off-frequency</a> transmission) that could interfere with other broadcast services would require immediate manual intervention to correct the fault or take the transmitter off the air. Facilities also had to be monitored for any fault conditions which could impair the transmitted signal or cause damage to the transmitting equipment.<sup id="cite_ref-HH1996_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HH1996-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Because broadcast transmitters were often at a different location from the broadcast studios, attended operation required an operator to be physically located at the transmitter site. In the 1950s and 1960s, remote control systems were introduced to allow an operator at the studio to power the transmitter on or off.<sup id="cite_ref-HH1996_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HH1996-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the same time, an early remote control system, the Automon, was developed by RCA engineers in Montréal that included a relay system that automatically detected if the transmitter was operating outside of its allowed parameters. The Automon could send the studio an alarm if the transmitter was out of tolerance and, if contact to the studio was lost, it could automatically power down the transmitter.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A similar system was developed in 1953 by Paul Schafer in California, using a rotary telephone to raise or lower transmitter parameters remotely.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As <a href="/wiki/Technology" title="Technology">technology</a> improved, transmitters became more reliable, and <a href="/wiki/Electromechanical" class="mw-redirect" title="Electromechanical">electromechanical</a> means of checking and later correcting problems became commonplace. <a href="/wiki/Regulation" title="Regulation">Regulations</a> eventually caught up with these advances, to allow of unattended operation via an ATS.<sup id="cite_ref-HH1996_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HH1996-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the 1970s, the <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a> made widespread use of automated systems on its <a href="/wiki/UHF" class="mw-redirect" title="UHF">UHF</a> television network to switch from main to standby transmitters in the case of a fault, as well as to alert engineering staff to problems.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1977, the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Federal_Communications_Commission" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Federal Communications Commission">U.S. Federal Communications Commission</a> loosened operation rules to allow stations in the United States with ATSes to automatically monitor transmitter operation and allow the ATS to automatically adjust modulation or shutdown the transmitter if operation was out of tolerance,<sup id="cite_ref-HH1996_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HH1996-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> although the specific rules have continued to evolve with changes to the <a href="/wiki/Emergency_Alert_System" title="Emergency Alert System">Emergency Alert System</a> and the introduction of <a href="/wiki/Digital_radio" title="Digital radio">digital radio</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Theory_of_operation">Theory of operation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automatic_transmission_system&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Theory of operation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>An ATS monitors conditions such as <a href="/wiki/Voltage" title="Voltage">voltage</a>, <a href="/wiki/Current_(electricity)" class="mw-redirect" title="Current (electricity)">current</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Temperature" title="Temperature">temperature</a> within the transmitter cabinet or enclosure, and often has external <a href="/wiki/Sensor" title="Sensor">sensors</a> as well, particularly on the antenna. Some systems have remote monitoring points which report back to the main unit through <a href="/wiki/Telemetry" title="Telemetry">telemetry</a> links.<sup id="cite_ref-HH2007_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HH2007-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Advanced systems can monitor and often correct other problems which are considered <a href="/wiki/Mission-critical" class="mw-redirect" title="Mission-critical">mission-critical</a>, such as detecting ice on antenna elements or <a href="/wiki/Radome" title="Radome">radomes</a> and turning on heaters to prevent the <a href="/wiki/VSWR" class="mw-redirect" title="VSWR">VSWR</a> (power reflected from a mismatched antenna back into the transmitter) from going too high. High-power stations that use <a href="/wiki/Desiccation" title="Desiccation">desiccation</a> <a href="/wiki/Pump" title="Pump">pumps</a> to put dry <a href="/wiki/Nitrogen" title="Nitrogen">nitrogen</a> into their <a href="/wiki/Feedline" class="mw-redirect" title="Feedline">feedline</a> (to displace moisture for increased <a href="/wiki/Electrical_efficiency" title="Electrical efficiency">efficiency</a>) can also monitor the <a href="/wiki/Pressure" title="Pressure">pressure</a>. <a href="/wiki/Electrical_generator" class="mw-redirect" title="Electrical generator">Generators</a>, <a href="/wiki/Battery_(electricity)" class="mw-redirect" title="Battery (electricity)">batteries</a>, and incoming <a href="/wiki/Electricity" title="Electricity">electricity</a> can also be monitored.<sup id="cite_ref-HH2007_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HH2007-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>If anything goes wrong which the ATS cannot handle, it can send out calls for help, via <a href="/wiki/Pager" title="Pager">pager</a>, <a href="/wiki/Telephone" title="Telephone">telephone</a> <a href="/wiki/Voice_message" class="mw-redirect" title="Voice message">voice message</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Transmitter/studio_link" class="mw-redirect" title="Transmitter/studio link">dedicated telemetry links</a> back to a fixed point such as a broadcast <a href="/wiki/Studio" title="Studio">studio</a>. Other than possibly listening for <a href="/wiki/Dead_air" title="Dead air">dead air</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Studio/transmitter_link" class="mw-redirect" title="Studio/transmitter link">studio/transmitter link</a>, an ATS does <i>not</i> cover the programming or the studio equipment like <a href="/wiki/Broadcast_automation" title="Broadcast automation">broadcast automation</a>, but rather only the "<a href="/wiki/Transmitter_plant" class="mw-redirect" title="Transmitter plant">transmitter plant</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-HH2007_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HH2007-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>An ATS can also be used to automate scheduled tasks, such as lowering an <a href="/wiki/AM_radio" class="mw-redirect" title="AM radio">AM radio</a> station's transmission power at sundown and raising it at sunrise to meeting license requirements for different <a href="/wiki/Radio_propagation" title="Radio propagation">propagation</a> patterns at day and night.<sup id="cite_ref-HH1996_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HH1996-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automatic_transmission_system&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-HH1996-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-HH1996_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HH1996_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HH1996_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HH1996_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HH1996_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px 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.cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFHallikainen1996" class="citation book cs1">Hallikainen, Harold (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bh.hallikainen.org/uploads/harold/RegHistory.pdf">"Regulatory History of Operator Licenses and Transmitter Remote Control"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>The NAB Guide to Unattended Station Operation: How to Run Your Transmitter Without an Operator</i>. Washington, D.C.: National Association of Broadcasters. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-89324-247-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-89324-247-0"><bdi>0-89324-247-0</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/41334048">41334048</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Regulatory+History+of+Operator+Licenses+and+Transmitter+Remote+Control&rft.btitle=The+NAB+Guide+to+Unattended+Station+Operation%3A+How+to+Run+Your+Transmitter+Without+an+Operator.&rft.place=Washington%2C+D.C.&rft.pub=National+Association+of+Broadcasters&rft.date=1996&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F41334048&rft.isbn=0-89324-247-0&rft.aulast=Hallikainen&rft.aufirst=Harold&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbh.hallikainen.org%2Fuploads%2Fharold%2FRegHistory.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutomatic+transmission+system" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPottsNorton2003" class="citation web cs1">Potts, Lyman; Norton, Robert (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://broadcasting-history.com/industry-government/unattended-transmitter-operation-automon">"Unattended Transmitter Operation — The Automon"</a>. <i>History of Canadian Broadcasting</i>. Canadian Communications Foundation<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 30,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=History+of+Canadian+Broadcasting&rft.atitle=Unattended+Transmitter+Operation+%E2%80%94+The+Automon&rft.date=2003&rft.aulast=Potts&rft.aufirst=Lyman&rft.au=Norton%2C+Robert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbroadcasting-history.com%2Findustry-government%2Funattended-transmitter-operation-automon&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutomatic+transmission+system" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStine2016" class="citation magazine cs1">Stine, Randy J. (June 1, 2016) [2002-04-10]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.radioworld.com/miscellaneous/from-the-archives-nab-honors-father-of-automation">"From the Archives: NAB Honors 'Father of Automation'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Radio_World" title="Radio World">Radio World</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radio+World&rft.atitle=From+the+Archives%3A+NAB+Honors+%27Father+of+Automation%27&rft.date=2016-06-01&rft.aulast=Stine&rft.aufirst=Randy+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.radioworld.com%2Fmiscellaneous%2Ffrom-the-archives-nab-honors-father-of-automation&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutomatic+transmission+system" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bbc-monographs-85/page/n1/mode/2up">"The Unattended Operation of U.H.F. Broadcasting Transmitters"</a>. <i>BBC Engineering</i>. No. 85. January 1971. pp. 2–3 – via <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+Engineering&rft.atitle=The+Unattended+Operation+of+U.H.F.+Broadcasting+Transmitters&rft.issue=85&rft.pages=2-3&rft.date=1971-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbbc-monographs-85%2Fpage%2Fn1%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutomatic+transmission+system" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fcc.gov/media/radio/unattended-operation">"Unattended Operation of Radio and Television Stations"</a>. <i>Federal Communications Commission</i>. December 13, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 30,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Federal+Communications+Commission&rft.atitle=Unattended+Operation+of+Radio+and+Television+Stations&rft.date=2015-12-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fcc.gov%2Fmedia%2Fradio%2Funattended-operation&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutomatic+transmission+system" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStimson2007" class="citation magazine cs1">Stimson, Leslie (July 4, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-BC-Engineering/Radio-World-Modern/2007/Radio-World-2007-07-04.pdf">"FCC Looks at Changes to Rules Covering Unintended Operation"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Radio World</i>. p. 3 – via World Radio History.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radio+World&rft.atitle=FCC+Looks+at+Changes+to+Rules+Covering+Unintended+Operation&rft.pages=3&rft.date=2007-07-04&rft.aulast=Stimson&rft.aufirst=Leslie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fworldradiohistory.com%2FArchive-All-BC-Engineering%2FRadio-World-Modern%2F2007%2FRadio-World-2007-07-04.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutomatic+transmission+system" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-HH2007-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-HH2007_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HH2007_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HH2007_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHallikainen2007" class="citation book cs1">Hallikainen, Harold (2007). "Transmitter Remote Control and Monitoring Systems". In Williams, Edmund A.; Jones, Graham A.; Layer, David H.; Osenkowsky, Thomas G. (eds.). <i>National Association of Broadcasters Engineering Handbook</i> (10th ed.). Burlington, Massachusetts: Focal Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-240-80751-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-240-80751-5"><bdi>978-0-240-80751-5</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/858995417">858995417</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Transmitter+Remote+Control+and+Monitoring+Systems&rft.btitle=National+Association+of+Broadcasters+Engineering+Handbook&rft.place=Burlington%2C+Massachusetts&rft.edition=10th&rft.pub=Focal+Press&rft.date=2007&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F858995417&rft.isbn=978-0-240-80751-5&rft.aulast=Hallikainen&rft.aufirst=Harold&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutomatic+transmission+system" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automatic_transmission_system&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Broadcast_automation" title="Broadcast automation">Broadcast automation</a> and <a href="/wiki/Centralcasting" title="Centralcasting">central casting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broadcast_translator" class="mw-redirect" title="Broadcast translator">Broadcast translators</a> and <a href="/wiki/Repeater" title="Repeater">repeaters</a></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Automatic_transmission_system&oldid=1159187388">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Automatic_transmission_system&oldid=1159187388</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Broadcast_engineering" title="Category:Broadcast engineering">Broadcast engineering</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Amateur_radio" title="Category:Amateur radio">Amateur radio</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_mdy_dates_from_October_2022" title="Category:Use mdy dates from October 2022">Use mdy dates from October 2022</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 8 June 2023, at 20:10<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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