CINXE.COM
Dan Duray | Observer
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en-US"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="57x57" href="https://observer.com/wp-content/themes/newyorkobserver-2014/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-57x57.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="60x60" href="https://observer.com/wp-content/themes/newyorkobserver-2014/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-60x60.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="72x72" href="https://observer.com/wp-content/themes/newyorkobserver-2014/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-72x72.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="76x76" href="https://observer.com/wp-content/themes/newyorkobserver-2014/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-76x76.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="114x114" href="https://observer.com/wp-content/themes/newyorkobserver-2014/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-114x114.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="120x120" href="https://observer.com/wp-content/themes/newyorkobserver-2014/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-120x120.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="144x144" href="https://observer.com/wp-content/themes/newyorkobserver-2014/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-144x144.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="152x152" href="https://observer.com/wp-content/themes/newyorkobserver-2014/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-152x152.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="https://observer.com/wp-content/themes/newyorkobserver-2014/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-180x180.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="https://observer.com/wp-content/themes/newyorkobserver-2014/images/favicons/favicon-32x32.png" sizes="32x32"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="https://observer.com/wp-content/themes/newyorkobserver-2014/images/favicons/favicon-194x194.png" sizes="194x194"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="https://observer.com/wp-content/themes/newyorkobserver-2014/images/favicons/favicon-96x96.png" sizes="96x96"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="https://observer.com/wp-content/themes/newyorkobserver-2014/images/favicons/android-chrome-192x192.png" sizes="192x192"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="https://observer.com/wp-content/themes/newyorkobserver-2014/images/favicons/favicon-16x16.png" sizes="16x16"> <link rel="manifest" href="https://observer.com/wp-content/themes/newyorkobserver-2014/images/favicons/manifest.json"> <meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#2b5797"> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="https://observer.com/wp-content/themes/newyorkobserver-2014/images/favicons/mstile-144x144.png"> <meta name="theme-color" content="#ffffff"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <meta name="robots" content=""> <meta property="fb:app_id" content="132947390197809" /> <title>Dan Duray | Observer</title> <link rel="profile" href="http://gmpg.org/xfn/11"> <link rel="pingback" href="https://observer.com/xmlrpc.php"> <!-- Verification Tags --> <!-- Impact --> <meta name='ir-site-verification-token' value='-2021963420' /> <!-- Pepperjam Verification --> <!-- End Verification Tags --> <!-- Preload main Google fonts --> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com" crossorigin/> <!-- [2] --> <link rel="preload" as="style" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Libre+Franklin:wght@400;500;600;700&family=Source+Serif+Pro&display=swap"/> <!-- [3] --> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Libre+Franklin:wght@400;500;600;700&family=Source+Serif+Pro&display=swap" media="print" onload="this.media='all'"/> <!-- [4] --> <noscript> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Libre+Franklin:wght@400;500;600;700&family=Source+Serif+Pro&display=swap"/> </noscript> <meta name="google-site-verification" content="zJ3aRJmlL0G2aEaUe-CAxMb8voV1BqsDHnDfkKvJNC8" /> <meta name="google-site-verification" content="xjQFOHNMYtcg_Ma2EUJfyICaOxuCKzKALkSe5Z-oVuk" /> <meta name="msvalidate.01" content="A18ACD436D5A3997E3DA2573E3FD792A" /> <meta name='robots' content='max-image-preview:large' /> <link rel="preload" href="https://observer.com/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery.min.js?ver=3.7.1" as="script"/> <link rel="preload" href="//observer.com/wp-content/themes/newyorkobserver-2014/dist/css/main.min.css?ver=1.9.11" as="style"/> <!-- Jetpack Site Verification Tags --> <meta name="google-site-verification" content="-ciyNDvd0J-I1IQmyg-ry9SfJsOqMcmojqopa64qtR8" /> <meta name="p:domain_verify" content="84a72b56883f4f5a9735370ae9dbc696" /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//ak.sail-horizon.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//cdn.parsely.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//s.ntv.io' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//htlbid.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//stats.wp.com' /> <style id="font-style">@font-face{font-family:'Source Serif Pro';font-style:normal;font-weight:400;src:url('//observer.com/wp-content/themes/newyorkobserver-2014/dist/fonts/source-serif-pro-v11-latin-regular.eot');src:local(''),url('//observer.com/wp-content/themes/newyorkobserver-2014/dist/fonts/source-serif-pro-v11-latin-regular.eot?#iefix') format('embedded-opentype'),url('//observer.com/wp-content/themes/newyorkobserver-2014/dist/fonts/source-serif-pro-v11-latin-regular.woff2') format('woff2'),url('//observer.com/wp-content/themes/newyorkobserver-2014/dist/fonts/source-serif-pro-v11-latin-regular.woff') format('woff'),url('//observer.com/wp-content/themes/newyorkobserver-2014/dist/fonts/source-serif-pro-v11-latin-regular.ttf') format('truetype'),url('//observer.com/wp-content/themes/newyorkobserver-2014/dist/fonts/source-serif-pro-v11-latin-regular.svg#SourceSerifPro') format('svg')}@font-face{font-family:'Source Serif Pro';font-style:italic;font-weight:400;src:url('//observer.com/wp-content/themes/newyorkobserver-2014/dist/fonts/source-serif-pro-v11-latin-italic.eot');src:local(''),url('//observer.com/wp-content/themes/newyorkobserver-2014/dist/fonts/source-serif-pro-v11-latin-italic.eot?#iefix') format('embedded-opentype'),url('//observer.com/wp-content/themes/newyorkobserver-2014/dist/fonts/source-serif-pro-v11-latin-italic.woff2') format('woff2'),url('//observer.com/wp-content/themes/newyorkobserver-2014/dist/fonts/source-serif-pro-v11-latin-italic.woff') format('woff'),url('//observer.com/wp-content/themes/newyorkobserver-2014/dist/fonts/source-serif-pro-v11-latin-italic.ttf') format('truetype'),url('//observer.com/wp-content/themes/newyorkobserver-2014/dist/fonts/source-serif-pro-v11-latin-italic.svg#SourceSerifPro') format('svg')}@font-face{font-family:'Source Serif Pro';font-style:normal;font-weight:600;src:url('//observer.com/wp-content/themes/newyorkobserver-2014/dist/fonts/source-serif-pro-v11-latin-600.eot');src:local(''),url('//observer.com/wp-content/themes/newyorkobserver-2014/dist/fonts/source-serif-pro-v11-latin-600.eot?#iefix') format('embedded-opentype'),url('//observer.com/wp-content/themes/newyorkobserver-2014/dist/fonts/source-serif-pro-v11-latin-600.woff2') format('woff2'),url('//observer.com/wp-content/themes/newyorkobserver-2014/dist/fonts/source-serif-pro-v11-latin-600.woff') format('woff'),url('//observer.com/wp-content/themes/newyorkobserver-2014/dist/fonts/source-serif-pro-v11-latin-600.ttf') format('truetype'),url('//observer.com/wp-content/themes/newyorkobserver-2014/dist/fonts/source-serif-pro-v11-latin-600.svg#SourceSerifPro') format('svg')}@font-face{font-family:'Source Serif Pro';font-style:italic;font-weight:600;src:url('//observer.com/wp-content/themes/newyorkobserver-2014/dist/fonts/source-serif-pro-v11-latin-600italic.eot');src:local(''),url('//observer.com/wp-content/themes/newyorkobserver-2014/dist/fonts/source-serif-pro-v11-latin-600italic.eot?#iefix') format('embedded-opentype'),url('//observer.com/wp-content/themes/newyorkobserver-2014/dist/fonts/source-serif-pro-v11-latin-600italic.woff2') format('woff2'),url('//observer.com/wp-content/themes/newyorkobserver-2014/dist/fonts/source-serif-pro-v11-latin-600italic.woff') format('woff'),url('//observer.com/wp-content/themes/newyorkobserver-2014/dist/fonts/source-serif-pro-v11-latin-600italic.ttf') format('truetype'),url('//observer.com/wp-content/themes/newyorkobserver-2014/dist/fonts/source-serif-pro-v11-latin-600italic.svg#SourceSerifPro') format('svg')}@font-face{font-family:Montserrat;font-style:normal;font-weight:400;font-display:swap;src:local(''),url('//observer.com/wp-content/themes/newyorkobserver-2014/dist/fonts/montserrat-v15-latin-regular.woff2') format('woff2'),url('//observer.com/wp-content/themes/newyorkobserver-2014/dist/fonts/montserrat-v15-latin-regular.woff') format('woff')}@font-face{font-family:Montserrat;font-style:normal;font-weight:500;font-display:swap;src:local(''),url('//observer.com/wp-content/themes/newyorkobserver-2014/dist/fonts/montserrat-v15-latin-500.woff2') format('woff2'),url('//observer.com/wp-content/themes/newyorkobserver-2014/dist/fonts/montserrat-v15-latin-500.woff') format('woff')}@font-face{font-family:Montserrat;font-style:italic;font-weight:500;src:local(''),url('//observer.com/wp-content/themes/newyorkobserver-2014/dist/fonts/montserrat-v15-latin-500italic.woff2') format('woff2'),url('//observer.com/wp-content/themes/newyorkobserver-2014/dist/fonts/montserrat-v15-latin-500italic.woff') format('woff')}@font-face{font-family:Montserrat;font-style:normal;font-weight:600;font-display:swap;src:local(''),url('//observer.com/wp-content/themes/newyorkobserver-2014/dist/fonts/montserrat-v15-latin-600.woff2') format('woff2'),url('//observer.com/wp-content/themes/newyorkobserver-2014/dist/fonts/montserrat-v15-latin-600.woff') format('woff')}@font-face{font-family:Montserrat;font-style:italic;font-weight:600;font-display:swap;src:local(''),url('//observer.com/wp-content/themes/newyorkobserver-2014/dist/fonts/montserrat-v15-latin-600italic.woff2') format('woff2'),url('//observer.com/wp-content/themes/newyorkobserver-2014/dist/fonts/montserrat-v15-latin-600italic.woff') format('woff')}@font-face{font-family:Montserrat;font-style:normal;font-weight:700;font-display:swap;src:local(''),url('//observer.com/wp-content/themes/newyorkobserver-2014/dist/fonts/montserrat-v15-latin-700.woff2') format('woff2'),url('//observer.com/wp-content/themes/newyorkobserver-2014/dist/fonts/montserrat-v15-latin-700.woff') format('woff')}@font-face{font-family:Montserrat;font-style:italic;font-weight:700;font-display:swap;src:local(''),url('//observer.com/wp-content/themes/newyorkobserver-2014/dist/fonts/montserrat-v15-latin-700italic.woff2') format('woff2'),url('//observer.com/wp-content/themes/newyorkobserver-2014/dist/fonts/montserrat-v15-latin-700italic.woff') format('woff')}</style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='observer-style-css' href='//observer.com/wp-content/themes/newyorkobserver-2014/dist/css/main.min.css?ver=1.9.11' media='' /> <noscript><link rel='stylesheet' id='fallback-observer-default-style-css' href='//observer.com/wp-content/themes/newyorkobserver-2014/dist/css/default.min.css?ver=1.9.11' media='all' /> </noscript><link rel='stylesheet' id='observer-default-style-css' href='//observer.com/wp-content/themes/newyorkobserver-2014/dist/css/default.min.css?ver=1.9.11' media='print' onload='this.media="all"; this.onload=null;' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='print-style-css' href='//observer.com/wp-content/themes/newyorkobserver-2014/dist/css/print.min.css?ver=1.9.11' media='print' /> <style id='tenup-accordion-header-style-inline-css'> .wp-block-tenup-accordion-header{-webkit-appearance:none;-moz-appearance:none;appearance:none;background-color:transparent;border-color:transparent;border-width:0;cursor:pointer;flex-shrink:0;font-size:1rem;padding:0;transition:all .2s ease-in-out;width:100%}.wp-block-tenup-accordion-header.icon-position-left{flex-direction:row-reverse;justify-content:flex-end}.wp-block-tenup-accordion-item__title{text-align:left}.wp-block-tenup-accordion-item__icon{fill:currentColor;display:flex;width:1rem}.wp-block-tenup-accordion-item{overflow:hidden}[aria-expanded=false] .icon--expanded,[aria-expanded=true] .icon--collapsed{display:none} </style> <style id='tenup-accordion-style-inline-css'> .wp-block-tenup-accordion,.wp-block-tenup-accordion *>*{box-sizing:border-box}.wp-block-tenup-accordion-content{height:0;overflow:hidden;transition:height .3s ease-in-out,padding .3s ease-in-out}.wp-block-tenup-accordion-content[aria-hidden=true]{padding-bottom:0!important;padding-top:0!important}.wp-block-tenup-accordion-content[aria-hidden=false]{display:block}.wp-block-tenup-accordion.has-child-selected .wp-block-tenup-accordion-content,.wp-block-tenup-accordion.is-selected .wp-block-tenup-accordion-content{display:block;height:100%}[data-type="tenup/accordion"] .wp-block-tenup-accordion-content{transition:none!important}.wp-block-tenup-accordion:not(.has-child-selected) .wp-block-tenup-accordion-content,.wp-block-tenup-accordion:not(.is-selected) .wp-block-tenup-accordion-content{padding-bottom:0!important;padding-top:0!important}.wp-block-tenup-accordion.is-layout-flex{align-items:stretch!important} </style> <style id='wp-parsely-recommendations-style-inline-css'> .parsely-recommendations-list-title{font-size:1.2em}.parsely-recommendations-list{list-style:none;padding:unset}.parsely-recommendations-cardbody{overflow:hidden;padding:.8em;text-overflow:ellipsis;white-space:nowrap}.parsely-recommendations-cardmedia{padding:.8em .8em 0} </style> <noscript><link rel='stylesheet' id='fallback-mediaelement-css' href='https://observer.com/wp-includes/js/mediaelement/mediaelementplayer-legacy.min.css?ver=4.2.17' media='all' /> </noscript><link rel='stylesheet' id='mediaelement-css' href='https://observer.com/wp-includes/js/mediaelement/mediaelementplayer-legacy.min.css?ver=4.2.17' media='print' onload='this.media="all"; this.onload=null;' /> <noscript><link rel='stylesheet' id='fallback-wp-mediaelement-css' href='https://observer.com/wp-includes/js/mediaelement/wp-mediaelement.min.css?ver=6.5.5' media='all' /> </noscript><link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-mediaelement-css' href='https://observer.com/wp-includes/js/mediaelement/wp-mediaelement.min.css?ver=6.5.5' media='print' onload='this.media="all"; this.onload=null;' /> <style id='jetpack-sharing-buttons-style-inline-css'> .jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list{display:flex;flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:0;list-style-type:none;margin:5px;padding:0}.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list.has-small-icon-size{font-size:12px}.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list.has-normal-icon-size{font-size:16px}.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list.has-large-icon-size{font-size:24px}.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list.has-huge-icon-size{font-size:36px}@media print{.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list{display:none!important}}.editor-styles-wrapper .wp-block-jetpack-sharing-buttons{gap:0;padding-inline-start:0}ul.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list.has-background{padding:1.25em 2.375em} </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='frontend-style-css' href='//observer.com/wp-content/themes/newyorkobserver-2014/nyo-plugins/dist/css/style.css?ver=1.9.11-1730827837' media='all' /> <style id='classic-theme-styles-inline-css'> /*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} </style> <style id='global-styles-inline-css'> body{--wp--preset--color--black: #000000;--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray: #abb8c3;--wp--preset--color--white: #ffffff;--wp--preset--color--pale-pink: #f78da7;--wp--preset--color--vivid-red: #cf2e2e;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange: #ff6900;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber: #fcb900;--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan: #7bdcb5;--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan: #00d084;--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue: #8ed1fc;--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue: #0693e3;--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple: #9b51e0;--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(6,147,227,1) 0%,rgb(155,81,224) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(122,220,180) 0%,rgb(0,208,130) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(252,185,0,1) 0%,rgba(255,105,0,1) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(255,105,0,1) 0%,rgb(207,46,46) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(238,238,238) 0%,rgb(169,184,195) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(74,234,220) 0%,rgb(151,120,209) 20%,rgb(207,42,186) 40%,rgb(238,44,130) 60%,rgb(251,105,98) 80%,rgb(254,248,76) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,206,236) 0%,rgb(152,150,240) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(254,205,165) 0%,rgb(254,45,45) 50%,rgb(107,0,62) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,203,112) 0%,rgb(199,81,192) 50%,rgb(65,88,208) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,245,203) 0%,rgb(182,227,212) 50%,rgb(51,167,181) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(202,248,128) 0%,rgb(113,206,126) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--midnight: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(2,3,129) 0%,rgb(40,116,252) 100%);--wp--preset--font-size--small: 13px;--wp--preset--font-size--medium: 20px;--wp--preset--font-size--large: 36px;--wp--preset--font-size--x-large: 42px;--wp--preset--spacing--20: 0.44rem;--wp--preset--spacing--30: 0.67rem;--wp--preset--spacing--40: 1rem;--wp--preset--spacing--50: 1.5rem;--wp--preset--spacing--60: 2.25rem;--wp--preset--spacing--70: 3.38rem;--wp--preset--spacing--80: 5.06rem;--wp--preset--shadow--natural: 6px 6px 9px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--deep: 12px 12px 50px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);--wp--preset--shadow--sharp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--outlined: 6px 6px 0px -3px rgba(255, 255, 255, 1), 6px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);--wp--preset--shadow--crisp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);}:where(.is-layout-flex){gap: 0.5em;}:where(.is-layout-grid){gap: 0.5em;}body .is-layout-flex{display: flex;}body .is-layout-flex{flex-wrap: wrap;align-items: center;}body .is-layout-flex > *{margin: 0;}body .is-layout-grid{display: grid;}body .is-layout-grid > *{margin: 0;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;}.has-black-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red) !important;}.has-very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-cool-to-warm-spectrum-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum) !important;}.has-blush-light-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple) !important;}.has-blush-bordeaux-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux) !important;}.has-luminous-dusk-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk) !important;}.has-pale-ocean-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean) !important;}.has-electric-grass-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass) !important;}.has-midnight-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--midnight) !important;}.has-small-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--small) !important;}.has-medium-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium) !important;}.has-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--large) !important;}.has-x-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--x-large) !important;} .wp-block-navigation a:where(:not(.wp-element-button)){color: inherit;} :where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;} :where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;} .wp-block-pullquote{font-size: 1.5em;line-height: 1.6;} </style> <noscript><link rel='stylesheet' id='fallback-media-credit-css' href='https://observer.com/wp-content/plugins/media-credit/public/css/media-credit.min.css?ver=4.3.0' media='all' /> </noscript><link rel='stylesheet' id='media-credit-css' href='https://observer.com/wp-content/plugins/media-credit/public/css/media-credit.min.css?ver=4.3.0' media='print' onload='this.media="all"; this.onload=null;' /> <noscript><link rel='stylesheet' id='fallback-lasso-live-css' href='https://observer.com/wp-content/plugins/lasso/admin/assets/css/lasso-live.css?v=1674575012&ver=253' media='all' /> </noscript><link rel='stylesheet' id='lasso-live-css' href='https://observer.com/wp-content/plugins/lasso/admin/assets/css/lasso-live.css?v=1674575012&ver=253' media='print' onload='this.media="all"; this.onload=null;' /> <noscript><link rel='stylesheet' id='fallback-amp-google-tag-manager-css' href='https://observer.com/wp-content/plugins/amp-google-tag-manager/public/css/amp-google-tag-manager-public.css?ver=1.0.0' media='all' /> </noscript><link rel='stylesheet' id='amp-google-tag-manager-css' href='https://observer.com/wp-content/plugins/amp-google-tag-manager/public/css/amp-google-tag-manager-public.css?ver=1.0.0' media='print' onload='this.media="all"; this.onload=null;' /> <noscript><link rel='stylesheet' id='fallback-sailthru-subscribe-widget-styles-css' href='https://observer.com/wp-content/plugins/sailthru-widget/css/widget.subscribe.css?ver=6.5.5' media='all' /> </noscript><link rel='stylesheet' id='sailthru-subscribe-widget-styles-css' href='https://observer.com/wp-content/plugins/sailthru-widget/css/widget.subscribe.css?ver=6.5.5' media='print' onload='this.media="all"; this.onload=null;' /> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://observer.com/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery.min.js?ver=3.7.1" id="jquery-core-js"></script> <script defer type="text/javascript" src="https://observer.com/wp-content/plugins/amp-google-tag-manager/public/js/amp-google-tag-manager-public.js?ver=1.0.0" id="amp-google-tag-manager-defer-js"></script> <script defer type="text/javascript" src="https://observer.com/wp-content/plugins/sailthru-widget/js/widget.subscribe.js?ver=6.5.5" id="sailthru-subscribe-script-js"></script> <script async type="text/javascript" src="https://htlbid.com/v3/observer.com/htlbid.js?ver=3.0" id="hashtag-labs-async-js"></script> <link rel="https://api.w.org/" href="https://observer.com/wp-json/" /><link rel="alternate" type="application/json" href="https://observer.com/wp-json/wp/v2/users/414527" /><link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" title="RSD" href="https://observer.com/xmlrpc.php?rsd" /> <meta name="generator" content="WordPress 6.5.5" /> <!-- OneTrust Cookies Consent Notice start --> <script async data-src="https://cdn.cookielaw.org/scripttemplates/otSDKStub.js" id="otSDKStub" type="text/javascript" charset="UTF-8" data-domain-script="6a95224d-e53b-4c23-b2a6-31faa3db3cc4"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> function OptanonWrapper() { } </script> <!-- OneTrust Cookies Consent Notice end --> <style> .getty.aligncenter { text-align: center; } .getty.alignleft { float: none; margin-right: 0; } .getty.alignleft > div { float: left; margin-right: 5px; } .getty.alignright { float: none; margin-left: 0; } .getty.alignright > div { float: right; margin-left: 5px; } </style> <style type="text/css"> :root{ --lasso-main: black !important; --lasso-button: #22baa0 !important; --lasso-button-text: white !important; --lasso-background: white !important; } </style> <meta property="fb:pages" content="9665781619" /> <meta property="ia:markup_url" content="https://observer.com/2024/11/interview-clark-art-institute-director-olivier-meslay/?ia_markup=1" /> <style>img#wpstats{display:none}</style> <meta name="pocket-site-verification" content="8c38a2261495b2454811b281aae39b" /><meta name="google-site-verification" content="zJ3aRJmlL0G2aEaUe-CAxMb8voV1BqsDHnDfkKvJNC8" /><script type="text/javascript">var sailthru_vars = {"ajaxurl":"https:\/\/observer.com\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php"}</script> <!-- Hashtag Labs --> <script> window.htlbid = window.htlbid || {}; htlbid.cmd = htlbid.cmd || []; htlbid.cmd.push(function() { htlbid.layout(''); // Leave empty string or add custom layout htlbid.setTargeting("is_testing", "no"); htlbid.setTargeting("is_home", "no"); htlbid.setTargeting("pagetype", "author_archive"); htlbid.setTargeting("url", "https:\/\/observer.com\/author\/dan-duray\/"); htlbid.setTargeting("tag", ""); htlbid.setTargeting("author", "dan-duray"); htlbid.setTargeting("articleID", "author_414527"); htlbid.setTargeting("brandsafe", "yes"); htlbid.setTargeting("section", ""); htlbid.setTargeting("servead", "yes"); }); </script> <!-- There is no amphtml version available for this URL. --> <!-- Jetpack Open Graph Tags --> <meta property="og:type" content="website" /> <meta property="og:title" content="Dan Duray" /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="Observer" /> <meta property="og:description" content="Dan Duray is a writer in Brooklyn whose work has appeared in The Guardian, Vanity Fair, Bookforum, The Baffler, The Economist, W magazine, and Town & Country, among other publications." /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://s0.wp.com/i/blank.jpg" /> <meta property="og:image:alt" content="" /> <meta property="og:locale" content="en_US" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://observer.com/author/dan-duray/" /> <meta property="profile:first_name" content="Dan" /> <meta property="profile:last_name" content="Duray" /> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@Observer" /> <meta name="twitter:creator" content="@Observer" /> <!-- End Jetpack Open Graph Tags --> <style id="front-section-styles">.h1{font-size:48px;font-weight:700;line-height:1.3}@media (max-width:600px){.h1{font-size:32px;line-height:1.2}}.h2{font-size:36px;font-weight:700;line-height:1.3}@media (max-width:600px){.h2{font-size:28px;line-height:1.2}}.h3{font-size:32px;font-weight:700;line-height:1.3}@media (max-width:600px){.h3{font-size:24px;line-height:1.2}}.h4{font-size:24px;font-weight:600;line-height:1.4}@media (max-width:600px){.h4{font-size:22px;line-height:1.2}}.h5{font-size:20px;font-weight:600;line-height:1.2}@media (max-width:600px){.h5{font-size:22px}}.h6{font-size:18px;font-weight:600;line-height:1.2}@media (max-width:600px){.h6{font-size:16px}}.section-front .site-main{width:100%;margin:0}.section-front .section-front-menu{width:100%;font-size:12px;text-align:center;line-height:12px;font-family:"Libre Franklin",sans-serif;font-weight:500;text-transform:uppercase;margin-bottom:33px}@media (max-width:600px){.section-front .section-front-menu{font-size:11px;margin-bottom:18px}}.section-front .section-front-menu a{color:#000}@media (max-width:600px){.section-front .section-front-menu a{display:block;line-height:15px}}.section-front .section-front-menu a:hover{color:#444}.section-front .section-front-menu .separator{margin:0 10px}@media (max-width:600px){.section-front .section-front-menu .separator{margin:0 5px;display:none}}.section-front .big-stories{position:relative;border-bottom:none;margin-bottom:0}.section-front .big-stories .slides li:not(:first-child){display:none}.section-front .big-stories .hentry{margin-bottom:0}.section-front .big-stories .header-thumbnail{position:relative;width:100%;height:375px;display:block;background-color:#000}.section-front .big-stories .header-thumbnail img{width:auto;height:100%;position:absolute;top:0;right:0;bottom:0;left:0;margin:auto}@media (max-width:768px){.section-front .big-stories .header-thumbnail{height:245px}}@media (max-width:600px){.section-front .big-stories .header-thumbnail{height:124px}}.section-front .big-stories .entry-header{margin-top:25px;margin-bottom:35px}@media (max-width:768px){.section-front .big-stories .entry-header{margin-top:20px;margin-bottom:30px}}@media (max-width:600px){.section-front .big-stories .entry-header{margin-top:15px;margin-bottom:25px}}.section-front .big-stories .entry-header .entry-title{text-align:center;margin:0;padding:0 15%;font-weight:400;font-size:32px}@media (max-width:768px){.section-front .big-stories .entry-header .entry-title{font-size:27px;padding:0}}@media (max-width:600px){.section-front .big-stories .entry-header .entry-title{font-size:20px}}.section-front .big-stories .slider-controls .flex-control-nav{width:100%;position:absolute;top:8px;text-align:center;height:16px;background:0 0}.section-front .big-stories .slider-controls .flex-control-nav a{margin:4px 0;width:7px;height:7px;color:transparent;box-shadow:none;box-sizing:border-box;display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;background:0 0;border:1px solid #cacaca}@media (max-width:600px){.section-front .big-stories .slider-controls .flex-control-nav a{width:5px;height:5px}}.section-front .big-stories .slider-controls .flex-control-nav a.flex-active{border:0;background:#cacaca}.section-front .big-stories .slider-controls .flex-control-nav a.flex-disabled{display:none}@media (max-width:600px){.section-front .big-stories .slider-controls .flex-control-nav{top:0}.section-front .big-stories .slider-controls .flex-control-nav li{margin:0 5px}.section-front .big-stories .slider-controls .flex-control-nav a{width:5px;height:5px}}.section-front .big-stories .flex-direction-nav a{border-radius:0;text-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;display:block;width:45px;height:375px;margin:0;padding:0;position:absolute;top:0;z-index:2;overflow:hidden;opacity:1;cursor:pointer;color:transparent;transition:all .2s ease;background-size:18px 34px;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-position:center}.section-front .big-stories .flex-direction-nav a.flex-prev{left:0;background-image:url(//observer.com/wp-content/themes/newyorkobserver-2014/images/chevron-previous.svg)}.section-front .big-stories .flex-direction-nav a.flex-next{right:0;background-image:url(//observer.com/wp-content/themes/newyorkobserver-2014/images/chevron-next.svg)}@media (max-width:768px){.section-front .big-stories .flex-direction-nav a{height:245px}}@media (max-width:600px){.section-front .big-stories .flex-direction-nav a{background-size:11px 20px;width:25px;height:124px}}.section-front .big-stories .flex-direction-nav .flex-disabled{display:none}.section-front .big-stories .media-icon{width:65px;height:65px;bottom:15px;left:15px}@media (max-width:768px){.section-front .big-stories .media-icon{width:55px;height:55px}}@media (max-width:600px){.section-front .big-stories .media-icon{width:30px;height:30px;bottom:7px;left:7px}}.section-front .module-title{font-family:"Libre Franklin",sans-serif;font-size:18px;color:#000;font-weight:700;line-height:18px;margin-bottom:25px;padding:0 0 6px 0;text-transform:uppercase;width:100%;border-bottom:1px solid #000}.section-front .module-title a:hover{color:#868686}@media (max-width:600px){.section-front .module-title{font-size:15px;margin-bottom:14px}}.section-front .section-front-carousel-slider{margin:35px 0 50px 0;position:relative;max-width:970px;width:100%}@media (max-width:768px){.section-front .section-front-carousel-slider{width:100%}}@media (max-width:600px){.section-front .section-front-carousel-slider{margin-bottom:45px}.section-front .section-front-carousel-slider .media-icon{width:30px;height:30px}}.section-front .section-front-carousel-slider h1{font-family:"Libre Franklin",sans-serif;font-size:16px;color:#000;font-weight:700;float:left;line-height:1;margin-bottom:0;padding:7px 0;text-transform:uppercase;width:100%;border-bottom:1px solid #000}.section-front .section-front-carousel-slider h1 a:hover{color:#868686}.section-front .section-front-carousel-slider h1:after{clear:both}.section-front .section-front-carousel-slider .flex-carousel-slider{position:relative}.section-front .section-front-carousel-slider .flex-carousel-slider .slides li{position:relative;margin-right:5px;display:none}.section-front .section-front-carousel-slider .flex-carousel-slider .slides li a{display:inline-block;position:relative;width:100%;height:100%}.section-front .section-front-carousel-slider .flex-carousel-slider .slides li a .thumbnail-wrapper{position:relative}.section-front .section-front-carousel-slider .flex-carousel-slider .slides li a .thumbnail-wrapper img{max-height:179px;display:block}.section-front .section-front-carousel-slider .flex-carousel-slider .slides li a h2{display:block;font-size:14px;padding-top:0;font-weight:500;line-height:19px;margin-bottom:0;margin-top:10px}@media (max-width:600px){.section-front .section-front-carousel-slider .flex-carousel-slider .slides li a h2{font-size:12px;line-height:16.5px}}.section-front .section-front-carousel-slider .feature-controls{position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%}.section-front .section-front-carousel-slider .feature-controls .flex-direction-nav a{background:rgba(0,0,0,.75);border-radius:0;text-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;display:block;width:40px;height:40px;margin:0;padding:15px 13px 0 13px;position:absolute;top:68px;z-index:4;overflow:hidden;opacity:1;cursor:pointer;color:transparent;transition:all .2s ease}@media (max-width:600px){.section-front .section-front-carousel-slider .feature-controls .flex-direction-nav a{top:55px;width:32px;height:32px;margin:-10px 0 0;padding:4px 7px 0 7px}}.section-front .section-front-carousel-slider .feature-controls .flex-direction-nav .flex-prev{left:0;background-size:9px 17px;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-image:url(//observer.com/wp-content/themes/newyorkobserver-2014/images/chevron-previous.svg);background-position:14px center}@media (max-width:600px){.section-front .section-front-carousel-slider .feature-controls .flex-direction-nav .flex-prev{background-position:11px center}}.section-front .section-front-carousel-slider .feature-controls .flex-direction-nav .flex-next{right:0;background-size:9px 17px;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-image:url(//observer.com/wp-content/themes/newyorkobserver-2014/images/chevron-next.svg);background-position:17px center}@media (max-width:600px){.section-front .section-front-carousel-slider .feature-controls .flex-direction-nav .flex-next{background-position:13px center}}.section-front .section-front-carousel-slider .feature-controls .flex-direction-nav .flex-disabled{opacity:1!important;cursor:pointer}.section-front .section-front-carousel-slider .feature-controls .flex-control-nav{display:none}.section-front .section-front-module.leaderboard-module{padding:0;margin:0 0 55px 0;overflow:hidden;text-align:center}@media (max-width:768px){.section-front .section-front-module.leaderboard-module{padding:25px 0;background-color:#f3f3f3}}@media (max-width:600px){.section-front .section-front-module.leaderboard-module{padding:0;background-color:transparent}}.section-front-topstories{font-size:0;margin-bottom:55px}.section-front-topstories .column{display:inline-block;vertical-align:top}.section-front-topstories .column.articles{width:calc(100% - 335px);margin-right:35px}.section-front-topstories .column.articles article{width:100%;height:100%;margin:0;border-bottom:1px solid #000}.section-front-topstories .column.articles article .module-entry-full-anchor{display:inline-block;position:relative;width:100%;height:100%}.section-front-topstories .column.articles article .module-entry-thumbnail-wrapper{position:relative}.section-front-topstories .column.articles article .module-entry-thumbnail-wrapper>img{display:block}.section-front-topstories .column.articles article .module-entry-title{margin-top:12px;margin-bottom:0;overflow:hidden;font-size:17px;line-height:21px;font-family:"Libre Franklin",sans-serif;font-weight:500}.section-front-topstories .column.articles article .module-entry-header{width:100%;height:14px;position:absolute;bottom:0;left:0}.section-front-topstories .column.articles article .module-entry-header .module-entry-author{color:#868686;font-family:"Libre Franklin",sans-serif;font-size:12px;font-weight:400;height:18px;overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis;line-height:12px;white-space:nowrap;padding-right:6px}.section-front-topstories .column.articles article .module-entry-header .module-entry-channel{font-size:12px;float:right;line-height:12px;height:14px;padding-left:6px;border-left:1px solid #000;overflow:hidden;white-space:nowrap;text-overflow:ellipsis;max-width:100%;font-family:"Libre Franklin",sans-serif;font-weight:500;text-transform:uppercase}.section-front-topstories .column.articles article .module-entry-header .module-entry-channel:empty{display:none}.section-front-topstories .column.articles article{width:calc((100% - 35px)/ 2);height:325px;margin-top:25px;margin-right:35px}.section-front-topstories .column.articles article:first-of-type,.section-front-topstories .column.articles article:nth-of-type(2){margin-top:0}.section-front-topstories .column.articles article:nth-of-type(2n){margin-right:0}@media (max-width:768px){.section-front-topstories .column.articles article{width:100%;height:99px;margin:14px 0 0 0;padding:0;border-bottom:1px solid #000}.section-front-topstories .column.articles article .module-entry-full-anchor{display:inline-block;position:relative;width:100%;height:100%}.section-front-topstories .column.articles article .module-entry-thumbnail-wrapper{position:relative;display:inline-block}.section-front-topstories .column.articles article .module-entry-thumbnail-wrapper>img{width:113px;height:85px;margin-right:14px;vertical-align:top}.section-front-topstories .column.articles article .module-entry-thumbnail-wrapper .media-icon{width:30px;height:30px;bottom:3px;left:3px}.section-front-topstories .column.articles article .post-thumbnail{width:113px;height:85px;display:inline-block;margin-right:14px;vertical-align:top}.section-front-topstories .column.articles article .post-thumbnail .media-icon{width:30px;height:30px;bottom:3px;left:3px}.section-front-topstories .column.articles article .module-entry-title{display:inline-block;width:calc(100% - 127px);max-height:85px;margin-top:-3px;vertical-align:top;margin-bottom:0;overflow:hidden;font-size:13px;line-height:17px;font-family:"Libre Franklin",sans-serif;font-weight:500}.section-front-topstories .column.articles article .module-entry-header{height:14px}.section-front-topstories .column.articles article .module-entry-header .module-entry-author{display:none}.section-front-topstories .column.articles article .module-entry-header .module-entry-channel{font-size:9.5px;line-height:10px;height:12px;position:absolute;right:0;bottom:0;padding-left:5px;border-left:1px solid #000;overflow:hidden;white-space:nowrap;text-overflow:ellipsis;max-width:calc(100% - 127px);font-family:"Libre Franklin",sans-serif;font-weight:500;text-transform:uppercase}.section-front-topstories .column.articles article .module-entry-header .module-entry-channel:empty{display:none}.section-front-topstories .column.articles article{width:100%;margin-top:14px;margin-right:0}.section-front-topstories .column.articles article:first-of-type{margin-top:0}.section-front-topstories .column.articles article:nth-of-type(2){margin-top:14px}}@media (max-width:600px){.section-front-topstories .column.articles{display:block;width:100%}}.section-front-topstories .column.ad{width:300px}@media (max-width:600px){.section-front-topstories .column.ad{display:block;width:100%;margin-top:50px;text-align:center}}.section-front-topstories .column.ad .section-front-trending-topics{margin-top:25px;text-align:left}@media (max-width:768px){.section-front-topstories .column.ad .section-front-trending-topics{display:none}}@media (max-width:600px){.section-front-topstories .column.ad .section-front-trending-topics{margin-top:50px;display:block}}.section-front-topstories .column.ad .section-front-trending-topics .trending-topics-heading{font-family:"Libre Franklin",sans-serif;font-size:14px;letter-spacing:1px;line-height:1;color:#fff;background-color:#000;border:0;padding:10.5px 10px;margin:0;text-transform:uppercase}.section-front-topstories .column.ad .section-front-trending-topics ul.trending-topics-list li{line-height:1;border:0;padding:0;margin:5px 0 0 0}.section-front-topstories .column.ad .section-front-trending-topics ul.trending-topics-list li a{display:block;color:#000;background-color:#f3f3f3;font-family:"Libre Franklin",sans-serif;font-size:13px;font-weight:700;line-height:1;text-transform:uppercase;padding:13px 30px 13px 10px;text-overflow:ellipsis;white-space:nowrap;overflow:hidden;background-image:url(//observer.com/wp-content/themes/newyorkobserver-2014/images/chevron-right-868686.svg);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px 14px;background-position:right 10px center;transition:color .1s ease-in-out}.section-front-topstories .column.ad .section-front-trending-topics ul.trending-topics-list li a:hover{text-decoration:none;color:#868686}.section-front-module{font-size:0;margin-bottom:55px;position:relative}@media (max-width:600px){.section-front-module{margin-bottom:45px}}.section-front-module.columns .first-and-second-columns-wrapper{width:calc(100% - 335px);height:325px;display:inline-block;vertical-align:top;margin-right:35px}@media (max-width:768px){.section-front-module.columns .first-and-second-columns-wrapper{width:calc(100% - 335px)}}@media (max-width:600px){.section-front-module.columns .first-and-second-columns-wrapper{width:100%;display:block}}.section-front-module.columns .second-and-third-columns-wrapper{display:inline-block;vertical-align:top;width:calc(100% - (((100% - 70px)/ 3) + 35px));height:325px}@media (max-width:768px){.section-front-module.columns .second-and-third-columns-wrapper{width:calc((100% - 35px)/ 2)}}@media (max-width:600px){.section-front-module.columns .second-and-third-columns-wrapper{width:100%;display:block;margin-top:14px}}.section-front-module.columns .column{height:325px;display:inline-block;vertical-align:top}.section-front-module.columns.two-column-module .column.first{margin-right:35px;width:calc((100% - 35px)/ 2)}.section-front-module.columns.two-column-module .column.first article{width:100%;height:100%;margin:0;border-bottom:1px solid #000}.section-front-module.columns.two-column-module .column.first article .module-entry-full-anchor{display:inline-block;position:relative;width:100%;height:100%}.section-front-module.columns.two-column-module .column.first article .module-entry-thumbnail-wrapper{position:relative}.section-front-module.columns.two-column-module .column.first article .module-entry-thumbnail-wrapper>img{display:block}.section-front-module.columns.two-column-module .column.first article .module-entry-title{margin-top:12px;margin-bottom:0;overflow:hidden;font-size:17px;line-height:21px;font-family:"Libre Franklin",sans-serif;font-weight:500}.section-front-module.columns.two-column-module .column.first article .module-entry-header{width:100%;height:14px;position:absolute;bottom:0;left:0}.section-front-module.columns.two-column-module .column.first article .module-entry-header .module-entry-author{color:#868686;font-family:"Libre Franklin",sans-serif;font-size:12px;font-weight:400;height:18px;overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis;line-height:12px;white-space:nowrap;padding-right:6px}.section-front-module.columns.two-column-module .column.first article .module-entry-header .module-entry-channel{font-size:12px;float:right;line-height:12px;height:14px;padding-left:6px;border-left:1px solid #000;overflow:hidden;white-space:nowrap;text-overflow:ellipsis;max-width:100%;font-family:"Libre Franklin",sans-serif;font-weight:500;text-transform:uppercase}.section-front-module.columns.two-column-module .column.first article .module-entry-header .module-entry-channel:empty{display:none}@media (max-width:768px){.section-front-module.columns.two-column-module .column.first{width:100%;height:99px;display:block}.section-front-module.columns.two-column-module .column.first article{width:100%;height:99px;margin:14px 0 0 0;padding:0;border-bottom:1px solid #000}.section-front-module.columns.two-column-module .column.first article .module-entry-full-anchor{display:inline-block;position:relative;width:100%;height:100%}.section-front-module.columns.two-column-module .column.first article .module-entry-thumbnail-wrapper{position:relative;display:inline-block}.section-front-module.columns.two-column-module .column.first article .module-entry-thumbnail-wrapper>img{width:113px;height:85px;margin-right:14px;vertical-align:top}.section-front-module.columns.two-column-module .column.first article .module-entry-thumbnail-wrapper .media-icon{width:30px;height:30px;bottom:3px;left:3px}.section-front-module.columns.two-column-module .column.first article .post-thumbnail{width:113px;height:85px;display:inline-block;margin-right:14px;vertical-align:top}.section-front-module.columns.two-column-module .column.first article .post-thumbnail .media-icon{width:30px;height:30px;bottom:3px;left:3px}.section-front-module.columns.two-column-module .column.first article .module-entry-title{display:inline-block;width:calc(100% - 127px);max-height:85px;margin-top:-3px;vertical-align:top;margin-bottom:0;overflow:hidden;font-size:13px;line-height:17px;font-family:"Libre Franklin",sans-serif;font-weight:500}.section-front-module.columns.two-column-module .column.first article .module-entry-header{height:14px}.section-front-module.columns.two-column-module .column.first article .module-entry-header .module-entry-author{display:none}.section-front-module.columns.two-column-module .column.first article .module-entry-header .module-entry-channel{font-size:9.5px;line-height:10px;height:12px;position:absolute;right:0;bottom:0;padding-left:5px;border-left:1px solid #000;overflow:hidden;white-space:nowrap;text-overflow:ellipsis;max-width:calc(100% - 127px);font-family:"Libre Franklin",sans-serif;font-weight:500;text-transform:uppercase}.section-front-module.columns.two-column-module .column.first article .module-entry-header .module-entry-channel:empty{display:none}.section-front-module.columns.two-column-module .column.first article{margin-top:0}}.section-front-module.columns.two-column-module .column.second{width:calc((100% - 35px)/ 2)}.section-front-module.columns.two-column-module .column.second article{width:100%;height:99px;margin:14px 0 0 0;padding:0;border-bottom:1px solid #000}.section-front-module.columns.two-column-module .column.second article .module-entry-full-anchor{display:inline-block;position:relative;width:100%;height:100%}.section-front-module.columns.two-column-module .column.second article .module-entry-thumbnail-wrapper{position:relative;display:inline-block}.section-front-module.columns.two-column-module .column.second article .module-entry-thumbnail-wrapper>img{width:113px;height:85px;margin-right:14px;vertical-align:top}.section-front-module.columns.two-column-module .column.second article .module-entry-thumbnail-wrapper .media-icon{width:30px;height:30px;bottom:3px;left:3px}.section-front-module.columns.two-column-module .column.second article .post-thumbnail{width:113px;height:85px;display:inline-block;margin-right:14px;vertical-align:top}.section-front-module.columns.two-column-module .column.second article .post-thumbnail .media-icon{width:30px;height:30px;bottom:3px;left:3px}.section-front-module.columns.two-column-module .column.second article .module-entry-title{display:inline-block;width:calc(100% - 127px);max-height:85px;margin-top:-3px;vertical-align:top;margin-bottom:0;overflow:hidden;font-size:13px;line-height:17px;font-family:"Libre Franklin",sans-serif;font-weight:500}.section-front-module.columns.two-column-module .column.second article .module-entry-header{height:14px}.section-front-module.columns.two-column-module .column.second article .module-entry-header .module-entry-author{display:none}.section-front-module.columns.two-column-module .column.second article .module-entry-header .module-entry-channel{font-size:9.5px;line-height:10px;height:12px;position:absolute;right:0;bottom:0;padding-left:5px;border-left:1px solid #000;overflow:hidden;white-space:nowrap;text-overflow:ellipsis;max-width:calc(100% - 127px);font-family:"Libre Franklin",sans-serif;font-weight:500;text-transform:uppercase}.section-front-module.columns.two-column-module .column.second article .module-entry-header .module-entry-channel:empty{display:none}@media (max-width:768px){.section-front-module.columns.two-column-module .column.second{width:100%;height:226px;margin-top:14px}}@media (max-width:768px){.section-front-module.columns.two-column-module .column.second article:last-of-type{display:none}}.section-front-module.columns.two-column-module .column.second article:first-of-type{margin-top:0}@media (max-width:768px){.section-front-module.columns.two-column-module .column.second article:first-of-type{display:none}}.section-front-module.columns.two-column-module .column.third{width:300px}.section-front-module.columns.two-column-module .column.third .column.second{width:100%}@media (max-width:600px){.section-front-module.columns.two-column-module .column.third{width:100%;height:auto;text-align:center;margin-top:50px}}.section-front-module.columns.three-column-module .column.first{width:calc((100% - 70px)/ 3);margin-right:35px}.section-front-module.columns.three-column-module .column.first article{width:100%;height:100%;margin:0;border-bottom:1px solid #000}.section-front-module.columns.three-column-module .column.first article .module-entry-full-anchor{display:inline-block;position:relative;width:100%;height:100%}.section-front-module.columns.three-column-module .column.first article .module-entry-thumbnail-wrapper{position:relative}.section-front-module.columns.three-column-module .column.first article .module-entry-thumbnail-wrapper>img{display:block}.section-front-module.columns.three-column-module .column.first article .module-entry-title{margin-top:12px;margin-bottom:0;overflow:hidden;font-size:17px;line-height:21px;font-family:"Libre Franklin",sans-serif;font-weight:500}.section-front-module.columns.three-column-module .column.first article .module-entry-header{width:100%;height:14px;position:absolute;bottom:0;left:0}.section-front-module.columns.three-column-module .column.first article .module-entry-header .module-entry-author{color:#868686;font-family:"Libre Franklin",sans-serif;font-size:12px;font-weight:400;height:18px;overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis;line-height:12px;white-space:nowrap;padding-right:6px}.section-front-module.columns.three-column-module .column.first article .module-entry-header .module-entry-channel{font-size:12px;float:right;line-height:12px;height:14px;padding-left:6px;border-left:1px solid #000;overflow:hidden;white-space:nowrap;text-overflow:ellipsis;max-width:100%;font-family:"Libre Franklin",sans-serif;font-weight:500;text-transform:uppercase}.section-front-module.columns.three-column-module .column.first article .module-entry-header .module-entry-channel:empty{display:none}@media (max-width:768px){.section-front-module.columns.three-column-module .column.first{width:calc((100% - 35px)/ 2)}}@media (max-width:600px){.section-front-module.columns.three-column-module .column.first{width:100%;height:99px;display:block;margin-top:14px}.section-front-module.columns.three-column-module .column.first article{width:100%;height:99px;margin:14px 0 0 0;padding:0;border-bottom:1px solid #000}.section-front-module.columns.three-column-module .column.first article .module-entry-full-anchor{display:inline-block;position:relative;width:100%;height:100%}.section-front-module.columns.three-column-module .column.first article .module-entry-thumbnail-wrapper{position:relative;display:inline-block}.section-front-module.columns.three-column-module .column.first article .module-entry-thumbnail-wrapper>img{width:113px;height:85px;margin-right:14px;vertical-align:top}.section-front-module.columns.three-column-module .column.first article .module-entry-thumbnail-wrapper .media-icon{width:30px;height:30px;bottom:3px;left:3px}.section-front-module.columns.three-column-module .column.first article .post-thumbnail{width:113px;height:85px;display:inline-block;margin-right:14px;vertical-align:top}.section-front-module.columns.three-column-module .column.first article .post-thumbnail .media-icon{width:30px;height:30px;bottom:3px;left:3px}.section-front-module.columns.three-column-module .column.first article .module-entry-title{display:inline-block;width:calc(100% - 127px);max-height:85px;margin-top:-3px;vertical-align:top;margin-bottom:0;overflow:hidden;font-size:13px;line-height:17px;font-family:"Libre Franklin",sans-serif;font-weight:500}.section-front-module.columns.three-column-module .column.first article .module-entry-header{height:14px}.section-front-module.columns.three-column-module .column.first article .module-entry-header .module-entry-author{display:none}.section-front-module.columns.three-column-module .column.first article .module-entry-header .module-entry-channel{font-size:9.5px;line-height:10px;height:12px;position:absolute;right:0;bottom:0;padding-left:5px;border-left:1px solid #000;overflow:hidden;white-space:nowrap;text-overflow:ellipsis;max-width:calc(100% - 127px);font-family:"Libre Franklin",sans-serif;font-weight:500;text-transform:uppercase}.section-front-module.columns.three-column-module .column.first article .module-entry-header .module-entry-channel:empty{display:none}}@media (max-width:600px){.section-front-module.columns.three-column-module .column.first article{margin-top:0}}.section-front-module.columns.three-column-module .column.second{width:calc((100% - 35px)/ 2);margin-right:35px}.section-front-module.columns.three-column-module .column.second article{width:100%;height:100%;margin:0;border-bottom:1px solid #000}.section-front-module.columns.three-column-module .column.second article .module-entry-full-anchor{display:inline-block;position:relative;width:100%;height:100%}.section-front-module.columns.three-column-module .column.second article .module-entry-thumbnail-wrapper{position:relative}.section-front-module.columns.three-column-module .column.second article .module-entry-thumbnail-wrapper>img{display:block}.section-front-module.columns.three-column-module .column.second article .module-entry-title{margin-top:12px;margin-bottom:0;overflow:hidden;font-size:17px;line-height:21px;font-family:"Libre Franklin",sans-serif;font-weight:500}.section-front-module.columns.three-column-module .column.second article .module-entry-header{width:100%;height:14px;position:absolute;bottom:0;left:0}.section-front-module.columns.three-column-module .column.second article .module-entry-header .module-entry-author{color:#868686;font-family:"Libre Franklin",sans-serif;font-size:12px;font-weight:400;height:18px;overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis;line-height:12px;white-space:nowrap;padding-right:6px}.section-front-module.columns.three-column-module .column.second article .module-entry-header .module-entry-channel{font-size:12px;float:right;line-height:12px;height:14px;padding-left:6px;border-left:1px solid #000;overflow:hidden;white-space:nowrap;text-overflow:ellipsis;max-width:100%;font-family:"Libre Franklin",sans-serif;font-weight:500;text-transform:uppercase}.section-front-module.columns.three-column-module .column.second article .module-entry-header .module-entry-channel:empty{display:none}@media (max-width:768px){.section-front-module.columns.three-column-module .column.second{width:100%;height:99px;display:block}.section-front-module.columns.three-column-module .column.second article{width:100%;height:99px;margin:14px 0 0 0;padding:0;border-bottom:1px solid #000}.section-front-module.columns.three-column-module .column.second article .module-entry-full-anchor{display:inline-block;position:relative;width:100%;height:100%}.section-front-module.columns.three-column-module .column.second article .module-entry-thumbnail-wrapper{position:relative;display:inline-block}.section-front-module.columns.three-column-module .column.second article .module-entry-thumbnail-wrapper>img{width:113px;height:85px;margin-right:14px;vertical-align:top}.section-front-module.columns.three-column-module .column.second article .module-entry-thumbnail-wrapper .media-icon{width:30px;height:30px;bottom:3px;left:3px}.section-front-module.columns.three-column-module .column.second article .post-thumbnail{width:113px;height:85px;display:inline-block;margin-right:14px;vertical-align:top}.section-front-module.columns.three-column-module .column.second article .post-thumbnail .media-icon{width:30px;height:30px;bottom:3px;left:3px}.section-front-module.columns.three-column-module .column.second article .module-entry-title{display:inline-block;width:calc(100% - 127px);max-height:85px;margin-top:-3px;vertical-align:top;margin-bottom:0;overflow:hidden;font-size:13px;line-height:17px;font-family:"Libre Franklin",sans-serif;font-weight:500}.section-front-module.columns.three-column-module .column.second article .module-entry-header{height:14px}.section-front-module.columns.three-column-module .column.second article .module-entry-header .module-entry-author{display:none}.section-front-module.columns.three-column-module .column.second article .module-entry-header .module-entry-channel{font-size:9.5px;line-height:10px;height:12px;position:absolute;right:0;bottom:0;padding-left:5px;border-left:1px solid #000;overflow:hidden;white-space:nowrap;text-overflow:ellipsis;max-width:calc(100% - 127px);font-family:"Libre Franklin",sans-serif;font-weight:500;text-transform:uppercase}.section-front-module.columns.three-column-module .column.second article .module-entry-header .module-entry-channel:empty{display:none}}@media (max-width:768px){.section-front-module.columns.three-column-module .column.second article{margin-top:0}}.section-front-module.columns.three-column-module .column.second.list article{width:100%;height:99px;margin:14px 0 0 0;padding:0;border-bottom:1px solid #000}.section-front-module.columns.three-column-module .column.second.list article .module-entry-full-anchor{display:inline-block;position:relative;width:100%;height:100%}.section-front-module.columns.three-column-module .column.second.list article .module-entry-thumbnail-wrapper{position:relative;display:inline-block}.section-front-module.columns.three-column-module .column.second.list article .module-entry-thumbnail-wrapper>img{width:113px;height:85px;margin-right:14px;vertical-align:top}.section-front-module.columns.three-column-module .column.second.list article .module-entry-thumbnail-wrapper .media-icon{width:30px;height:30px;bottom:3px;left:3px}.section-front-module.columns.three-column-module .column.second.list article .post-thumbnail{width:113px;height:85px;display:inline-block;margin-right:14px;vertical-align:top}.section-front-module.columns.three-column-module .column.second.list article .post-thumbnail .media-icon{width:30px;height:30px;bottom:3px;left:3px}.section-front-module.columns.three-column-module .column.second.list article .module-entry-title{display:inline-block;width:calc(100% - 127px);max-height:85px;margin-top:-3px;vertical-align:top;margin-bottom:0;overflow:hidden;font-size:13px;line-height:17px;font-family:"Libre Franklin",sans-serif;font-weight:500}.section-front-module.columns.three-column-module .column.second.list article .module-entry-header{height:14px}.section-front-module.columns.three-column-module .column.second.list article .module-entry-header .module-entry-author{display:none}.section-front-module.columns.three-column-module .column.second.list article .module-entry-header .module-entry-channel{font-size:9.5px;line-height:10px;height:12px;position:absolute;right:0;bottom:0;padding-left:5px;border-left:1px solid #000;overflow:hidden;white-space:nowrap;text-overflow:ellipsis;max-width:calc(100% - 127px);font-family:"Libre Franklin",sans-serif;font-weight:500;text-transform:uppercase}.section-front-module.columns.three-column-module .column.second.list article .module-entry-header .module-entry-channel:empty{display:none}.section-front-module.columns.three-column-module .column.second.list article:first-of-type{margin-top:0}.section-front-module.columns.three-column-module .column.third{width:calc(((100% - 35px)/ 2) - 1px)}.section-front-module.columns.three-column-module .column.third article{width:100%;height:99px;margin:14px 0 0 0;padding:0;border-bottom:1px solid #000}.section-front-module.columns.three-column-module .column.third article .module-entry-full-anchor{display:inline-block;position:relative;width:100%;height:100%}.section-front-module.columns.three-column-module .column.third article .module-entry-thumbnail-wrapper{position:relative;display:inline-block}.section-front-module.columns.three-column-module .column.third article .module-entry-thumbnail-wrapper>img{width:113px;height:85px;margin-right:14px;vertical-align:top}.section-front-module.columns.three-column-module .column.third article .module-entry-thumbnail-wrapper .media-icon{width:30px;height:30px;bottom:3px;left:3px}.section-front-module.columns.three-column-module .column.third article .post-thumbnail{width:113px;height:85px;display:inline-block;margin-right:14px;vertical-align:top}.section-front-module.columns.three-column-module .column.third article .post-thumbnail .media-icon{width:30px;height:30px;bottom:3px;left:3px}.section-front-module.columns.three-column-module .column.third article .module-entry-title{display:inline-block;width:calc(100% - 127px);max-height:85px;margin-top:-3px;vertical-align:top;margin-bottom:0;overflow:hidden;font-size:13px;line-height:17px;font-family:"Libre Franklin",sans-serif;font-weight:500}.section-front-module.columns.three-column-module .column.third article .module-entry-header{height:14px}.section-front-module.columns.three-column-module .column.third article .module-entry-header .module-entry-author{display:none}.section-front-module.columns.three-column-module .column.third article .module-entry-header .module-entry-channel{font-size:9.5px;line-height:10px;height:12px;position:absolute;right:0;bottom:0;padding-left:5px;border-left:1px solid #000;overflow:hidden;white-space:nowrap;text-overflow:ellipsis;max-width:calc(100% - 127px);font-family:"Libre Franklin",sans-serif;font-weight:500;text-transform:uppercase}.section-front-module.columns.three-column-module .column.third article .module-entry-header .module-entry-channel:empty{display:none}@media (max-width:768px){.section-front-module.columns.three-column-module .column.third{width:100%;height:226px;display:block;margin-top:14px}}.section-front-module.columns.three-column-module .column.third article:first-of-type{margin-top:0}@media (max-width:768px){.section-front-module.columns.three-column-module .column.third article:last-of-type{display:none}}.flex-container a:active,.flex-container a:focus,.flexslider a:active,.flexslider a:focus{outline:0}.flex-control-nav,.flex-direction-nav,.slides{margin:0;padding:0;list-style:none}@font-face{font-family:flexslider-icon;src:url("//observer.com/wp-content/themes/newyorkobserver-2014/dist/fonts//flexslider-icon.woff2") format("woff2"),url("//observer.com/wp-content/themes/newyorkobserver-2014/dist/fonts//flexslider-icon.woff") format("woff");src:url("//observer.com/wp-content/themes/newyorkobserver-2014/dist/fonts//flexslider-icon.eot");font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-display:swap}.flexslider{margin:0;padding:0}.flexslider .slides>li{display:none;-webkit-backface-visibility:hidden}.flexslider .slides img{width:100%;display:block}.flex-pauseplay span{text-transform:capitalize}.slides:after{content:"\0020";display:block;clear:both;visibility:hidden;line-height:0;height:0}html[xmlns] .slides{display:block}* html .slides{height:1%}.no-js .slides>li:first-child{display:block}.flexslider{margin:0 0 60px;background:#fff;border:4px solid #fff;position:relative;-webkit-border-radius:4px;-moz-border-radius:4px;-o-border-radius:4px;border-radius:4px;-webkit-box-shadow:0 1px 4px rgba(0,0,0,.2);-moz-box-shadow:0 1px 4px rgba(0,0,0,.2);-o-box-shadow:0 1px 4px rgba(0,0,0,.2);box-shadow:0 1px 4px rgba(0,0,0,.2);zoom:1}.flex-viewport{max-height:2000px;-webkit-transition:all 1s ease;-moz-transition:all 1s ease;-o-transition:all 1s ease;transition:all 1s ease}.loading .flex-viewport{max-height:300px}.flexslider .slides{zoom:1}.carousel li{margin-right:5px}.flex-direction-nav a{text-decoration:none;display:block;width:40px;height:40px;margin:-20px 0 0;position:absolute;top:50%;z-index:10;overflow:hidden;opacity:0;cursor:pointer;color:rgba(0,0,0,.8);text-shadow:1px 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,.3);-webkit-transition:all .3s ease;-moz-transition:all .3s ease;transition:all .3s ease}.flex-direction-nav .flex-prev{left:-50px}.flex-direction-nav .flex-next{right:-50px;text-align:right}.flexslider:hover .flex-prev{opacity:.7;left:10px}.flexslider:hover .flex-next{opacity:.7;right:10px}.flexslider:hover .flex-next:hover,.flexslider:hover .flex-prev:hover{opacity:1}.flex-direction-nav .flex-disabled{opacity:0!important;cursor:default}.flex-direction-nav a:before{font-family:flexslider-icon;font-size:40px;display:inline-block;content:'\f001'}.flex-direction-nav a.flex-next:before{content:'\f002'}.flex-pauseplay a{display:block;width:20px;height:20px;position:absolute;bottom:5px;left:10px;opacity:.8;z-index:10;overflow:hidden;cursor:pointer;color:#000}.flex-pauseplay a:before{font-family:flexslider-icon;font-size:20px;display:inline-block;content:'\f004'}.flex-pauseplay a:hover{opacity:1}.flex-pauseplay a.flex-play:before{content:'\f003'}.flex-control-nav{width:100%;position:absolute;bottom:-40px;text-align:center}.flex-control-nav li{margin:0 6px;display:inline-block;zoom:1}.flex-control-paging li a{width:11px;height:11px;display:block;background:#666;background:rgba(0,0,0,.5);cursor:pointer;text-indent:-9999px;-webkit-border-radius:20px;-moz-border-radius:20px;-o-border-radius:20px;border-radius:20px;-webkit-box-shadow:inset 0 0 3px rgba(0,0,0,.3);-moz-box-shadow:inset 0 0 3px rgba(0,0,0,.3);-o-box-shadow:inset 0 0 3px rgba(0,0,0,.3);box-shadow:inset 0 0 3px rgba(0,0,0,.3)}.flex-control-paging li a:hover{background:#333;background:rgba(0,0,0,.7)}.flex-control-paging li a.flex-active{background:#000;background:rgba(0,0,0,.9);cursor:default}.flex-control-thumbs{margin:5px 0 0;position:static;overflow:hidden}.flex-control-thumbs li{width:25%;float:left;margin:0}.flex-control-thumbs img{width:100%;display:block;opacity:.7;cursor:pointer}.flex-control-thumbs img:hover{opacity:1}.flex-control-thumbs .flex-active{opacity:1;cursor:default}@media screen and (max-width:860px){.flex-direction-nav .flex-prev{opacity:1;left:10px}.flex-direction-nav .flex-next{opacity:1;right:10px}}</style> <!-- Global site tag (gtag.js) - Google Analytics --> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-T9PLB60R8S"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag () {dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-T9PLB60R8S'); </script> <script> (function(a,s,y,n,c,h,i,d,e){s.className+=' '+y;h.start=1*new Date; h.end=i=function(){s.className=s.className.replace(RegExp(' ?'+y),'')}; (a[n]=a[n]||[]).hide=h;setTimeout(function(){i();h.end=null},c);h.timeout=c; })(window,document.documentElement,'async-hide','dataLayer',2000, {'GTM-NXSTMDF':true}); </script> <!-- Modified Analytics tracking code with Optimize plugin --> <script> (function(i,s,o,g,r,a,m){i['GoogleAnalyticsObject']=r;i[r]=i[r]||function(){ (i[r].q=i[r].q||[]).push(arguments)},i[r].l=1*new Date();a=s.createElement(o), m=s.getElementsByTagName(o)[0];a.async=1;a.src=g;m.parentNode.insertBefore(a,m) })(window,document,'script','https://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js','ga'); ga('create', 'UA-1212249-1', 'auto'); ga('require', 'GTM-NXSTMDF'); </script> <!-- end Google Optimize --> <script type="text/javascript"> function deferUntil(condition, callback, timeout) { timeout = timeout || 10; // Wait until the condition is achieved var defer_interval = setInterval(function() { var condition_met = (condition && (typeof condition == 'function')) ? condition() : true; if (!condition_met) { return; } if (callback && (typeof callback == 'function')) { callback(); } // Clear the defer_interval clearInterval(defer_interval); }, timeout); } </script> <!-- Set dataLayer values --> <!-- End dataLayer --> <!-- Google Tag Manager --> <script>(function (w, d, s, l, i) { w[l] = w[l] || []; w[l].push({ 'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(), event: 'gtm.js' }); var f = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j = d.createElement(s), dl = l != 'dataLayer' ? '&l=' + l : ''; j.async = true; window.addEventListener('load', function() { setTimeout(function(){ j.src = 'https:////www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=' + i + dl; f.parentNode.insertBefore(j, f); }, 1500); }); })(window, document, 'script', 'dataLayer', 'GTM-5BPNP6');</script> <!-- End Google Tag Manager --> <script type="text/javascript">!(function(o,_name){o[_name]=o[_name]||function n(){(n.q=n.q||[]).push(arguments)},o[_name].v=o[_name].v||2;!(function(o,t,n,f,e,i){function c(f,e){(f=(function(t,n){try{if(n=(t=o.localStorage).getItem("_aQS02NERCQkM0ODZFMzRCRjhGQzUxQkIzNDYtMg"))return JSON.parse(n).lgk||[];if((t.getItem("v4ac1eiZr0")||"").split(",")[4]>0)return[[_name+"-engaged","true"]]}catch(f){}})())&&typeof f.forEach===n&&(e=o[t].pubads())&&f.forEach((function(o){o&&o[0]&&e.setTargeting(o[0],o[1]||"")}))}(i=o[t]=o[t]||{}).cmd=i.cmd||[],typeof i.pubads===n?c():typeof i.cmd.unshift===n?i.cmd.unshift(c):i.cmd.push(c)})(window,"googletag","function");})(window,String.fromCharCode(97,100,109,105,114,97,108));!(function(t,c,i){i=t.createElement(c),t=t.getElementsByTagName(c)[0],i.async=1,i.src="https://truculentrate.com/scripts/3f92345fab9c/22bdf0221b6555de6cdadcba",t.parentNode.insertBefore(i,t)})(document,"script");</script> <!-- Chartbeat Analytics, needs to be post-canonical declaration --> <!-- Organization schema --> <script type="application/ld+json"> {"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https:\/\/observer.com#publisher","name":"Observer","logo":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/observer.com\/wp-content\/themes\/newyorkobserver-2014\/images\/observer-logo-2015.png","height":60,"width":428},"sameAs":["https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_New_York_Observer","https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/observer","https:\/\/twitter.com\/observer","https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/company\/observer.com","https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/observer\/"],"url":"https:\/\/observer.com","masthead":"https:\/\/observer.com\/about\/","ethicsPolicy":"https:\/\/observer.com\/ethics-policy\/","publishingPrinciples":"https:\/\/observer.com\/ethics-policy\/"} </script> <!--end Organization schema--> <!-- Author schema --> <script type="application/ld+json"> {"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"ProfilePage","url":"https:\/\/observer.com\/author\/dan-duray\/","about":{"@type":"Person","name":"Dan Duray","url":"https:\/\/observer.com\/author\/dan-duray\/","description":"Dan Duray is a writer in Brooklyn whose work has appeared in The Guardian, Vanity Fair, Bookforum, The Baffler, The Economist, W magazine, and Town & Country, among other publications.","sameAs":["https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/dan-duray-3002b129\/"]},"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/observer.com#publisher"}} </script> <!-- end Author schema --> <script> document.cookie="__adblocker=; expires=Thu, 01 Jan 1970 00:00:00 GMT; path=/";var e=document.createElement("script");e.setAttribute("async",!0),e.setAttribute("src","https://www.npttech.com/advertising.js"),e.setAttribute("onerror","setNptTechAdblockerCookie(true);"),document.getElementsByTagName("head")[0].appendChild(e) </script> <link rel="canonical" href="https://observer.com/author/dan-duray/" /> <!-- Primis --> <script> window.googletag = window.googletag || {cmd: []}; googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.defineOutOfPageSlot('/22133348250/Primis_VDU', 'div-gpt-ad-1660852592103-0').addService(googletag.pubads()); googletag.pubads().enableSingleRequest(); googletag.enableServices(); }); </script> </head> <body class="archive author author-dan-duray author-414527 group-blog"> <!-- Google Tag Manager --> <noscript><iframe src="//www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-5BPNP6" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript> <!-- End Google Tag Manager --> <div id="page" class="hfeed site"> <header class="fw-site-header"> <div class="interior-container"> <div class="nav-controls"> <div class="hamburger square-control"> <div class="bar-container"> <div class="bar"></div> </div> </div> <div class="search-wrapper"> <div class="pretty-search-wrapper"> <div class="pretty-search"> <span class="clear-search"></span> <input class="search-terms" placeholder="Search..." /> </div> </div> <form role="search" method="get" class="search-form" action="https://observer.com/"> <label> <span class="screen-reader-text">Search for:</span> <input type="search" class="search-field" placeholder="Search…" value="" name="s"> </label> <button type="submit" class="search-submit"><i class="fa fa-search"></i><span class="screen-reader-text">Submit</span> </button> </form> <div class="nav-search square-control"> <span class="search-icon"></span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="branding"> <div class="branding-logo"> <a class="site-title" href="https://observer.com/" rel="home">Observer</a> </div> <div class="channels"><ul id="menu-main-navigation" class="menu"><li id="menu-item-920719" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-920719"><a href="https://observer.com/business/">Business</a></li> <li id="menu-item-1364306" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-1364306"><a href="https://observer.com/finance/">Finance</a></li> <li id="menu-item-1364308" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-1364308"><a href="https://observer.com/technology/">Tech</a></li> <li id="menu-item-1364309" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-1364309"><a href="https://observer.com/media/">Media</a></li> <li id="menu-item-1364310" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-1364310"><a href="https://observer.com/lifestyle/">Lifestyle</a></li> <li id="menu-item-916526" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-916526"><a href="https://observer.com/arts/">Arts</a></li> <li id="menu-item-916519" class="culture menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-916519"><a href="https://observer.com/entertainment/">Entertainment</a></li> </ul></div> <div class="subscribe"> <a href="https://observer.com/subscribe/">Newsletters</a> </div> </div> <div class="flyout"> <div> <div class="flyout-inner-container"><ul id="menu-flyout-menu" class="menu"><li id="menu-item-916550" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-916550"><a href="https://observer.com/entertainment/">Entertainment</a><span class="chevron-toggle"></span><div class="rule"></div> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-1449920" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-1449920"><a href="https://observer.com/author/rex-reed/">Rex Reed Reviews</a><span class="chevron-toggle"></span><div class="rule"></div></li> <li id="menu-item-916553" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-916553"><a href="https://observer.com/movies/">Movies</a><span class="chevron-toggle"></span><div class="rule"></div></li> <li id="menu-item-916552" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-916552"><a href="https://observer.com/tv/">TV</a><span class="chevron-toggle"></span><div class="rule"></div></li> <li id="menu-item-916548" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-916548"><a href="https://observer.com/theater/">Theater</a><span class="chevron-toggle"></span><div class="rule"></div></li> <li id="menu-item-1406305" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-1406305"><a href="https://observer.com/opera/">Opera</a><span class="chevron-toggle"></span><div class="rule"></div></li> <li id="menu-item-1406609" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-1406609"><a href="https://observer.com/dance/">Dance</a><span class="chevron-toggle"></span><div class="rule"></div></li> <li id="menu-item-1305445" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-1305445"><a href="https://observer.com/music/">Music</a><span class="chevron-toggle"></span><div class="rule"></div></li> <li id="menu-item-1406610" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-1406610"><a href="https://observer.com/awards-shows/">Awards Shows</a><span class="chevron-toggle"></span><div class="rule"></div></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-916545" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-916545"><a href="https://observer.com/arts/">Arts</a><span class="chevron-toggle"></span><div class="rule"></div> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-1406251" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-1406251"><a href="https://observer.com/auctions/">Auctions</a><span class="chevron-toggle"></span><div class="rule"></div></li> <li id="menu-item-1406306" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-1406306"><a href="https://observer.com/art-fairs/">Art Fairs</a><span class="chevron-toggle"></span><div class="rule"></div></li> <li id="menu-item-1406307" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-1406307"><a href="https://observer.com/museums/">Museums</a><span class="chevron-toggle"></span><div class="rule"></div></li> <li id="menu-item-1406308" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-1406308"><a href="https://observer.com/galleries/">Galleries</a><span class="chevron-toggle"></span><div class="rule"></div></li> <li id="menu-item-1406310" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-1406310"><a href="https://observer.com/tag/artists/">Artists</a><span class="chevron-toggle"></span><div class="rule"></div></li> <li id="menu-item-1406540" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-1406540"><a href="https://observer.com/tag/art-collectors/">Collectors</a><span class="chevron-toggle"></span><div class="rule"></div></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-920732" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-920732"><a href="https://observer.com/business/">Business</a><span class="chevron-toggle"></span><div class="rule"></div> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-1406260" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-1406260"><a href="https://observer.com/finance/">Finance</a><span class="chevron-toggle"></span><div class="rule"></div></li> <li id="menu-item-1440871" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-1440871"><a href="https://observer.com/media/">Media</a><span class="chevron-toggle"></span><div class="rule"></div></li> <li id="menu-item-921010" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-921010"><a href="https://observer.com/technology/">Technology</a><span class="chevron-toggle"></span><div class="rule"></div></li> <li id="menu-item-1406277" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-1406277"><a href="https://observer.com/wealth/">Wealth</a><span class="chevron-toggle"></span><div class="rule"></div></li> <li id="menu-item-950127" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-950127"><a href="https://observer.com/space/">Space</a><span class="chevron-toggle"></span><div class="rule"></div></li> <li id="menu-item-1406279" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-1406279"><a href="https://observer.com/climate-change/">Climate Change</a><span class="chevron-toggle"></span><div class="rule"></div></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-1305448" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-1305448"><a href="https://observer.com/lifestyle/">Lifestyle</a><span class="chevron-toggle"></span><div class="rule"></div> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-1406263" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-1406263"><a href="https://observer.com/nightlife-dining/">Nightlife & Dining</a><span class="chevron-toggle"></span><div class="rule"></div></li> <li id="menu-item-1423483" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-1423483"><a href="https://observer.com/style/">Style</a><span class="chevron-toggle"></span><div class="rule"></div></li> <li id="menu-item-1440870" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-1440870"><a href="https://observer.com/travel/">Travel</a><span class="chevron-toggle"></span><div class="rule"></div></li> <li id="menu-item-1406290" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-1406290"><a href="https://observer.com/gift-guides/">Gift Guides</a><span class="chevron-toggle"></span><div class="rule"></div></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-1406545" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-1406545"><a href="https://observer.com/power-index/">Power Lists</a><span class="chevron-toggle"></span><div class="rule"></div> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-1458263" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-1458263"><a href="https://observer.com/list/top-leaders-in-ai/">Leaders in A.I.</a><span class="chevron-toggle"></span><div class="rule"></div></li> <li id="menu-item-1406546" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-1406546"><a href="https://observer.com/list/top-business-leaders-in-art-2023/">Business of Art Leaders</a><span class="chevron-toggle"></span><div class="rule"></div></li> <li id="menu-item-1406547" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-1406547"><a href="https://observer.com/list/the-hospitality-leaders-with-powerful-social-impact/">Leaders in Nightlife & Dining</a><span class="chevron-toggle"></span><div class="rule"></div></li> <li id="menu-item-1406548" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-1406548"><a href="https://observer.com/list/most-powerful-people-in-pr-2024/">Top PR Firms</a><span class="chevron-toggle"></span><div class="rule"></div></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-1321439" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-1321439"><a href="https://observer.com/about-observer/">About</a><span class="chevron-toggle"></span><div class="rule"></div> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-1413816" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-1413816"><a href="https://observer.com/about-observer/">About Observer</a><span class="chevron-toggle"></span><div class="rule"></div></li> <li id="menu-item-1321435" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1321435"><a href="https://observer.com/advertise/">Advertise With Us</a><span class="chevron-toggle"></span><div class="rule"></div></li> </ul> </li> </ul></div> <a href="/subscribe" class="mobile-subscribe">Newsletters</a> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div id="content" class="site-content"> <!-- Hashtag Labs Ad observer_leaderboard_atf --> <div class="ad-wrapper ad-bottom-margin ad-leaderboard ad-has-disclaimer htlad-observer_leaderboard_atf" id="observer_leaderboard_atf"></div> <header class="page-header author-header term-page-header"> <div class="author-cell img-cell"> <div class="img-wrapper"> <img width="132" height="132" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" data-src="https://observer.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2012/04/1681830702116.jpeg?quality=80&w=132" class="lazyload avatar avatar-132 photo wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" data-srcset="https://observer.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2012/04/1681830702116.jpeg 800w, https://observer.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2012/04/1681830702116.jpeg?resize=300,300 300w, https://observer.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2012/04/1681830702116.jpeg?resize=768,768 768w, https://observer.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2012/04/1681830702116.jpeg?resize=600,600 600w, https://observer.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2012/04/1681830702116.jpeg?resize=320,320 320w, https://observer.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2012/04/1681830702116.jpeg?resize=700,700 700w, https://observer.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2012/04/1681830702116.jpeg?resize=50,50 50w" sizes="(max-width: 768px) 135px, 200px" /><noscript><img width="132" height="132" src="https://observer.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2012/04/1681830702116.jpeg?quality=80&w=132" class="lazyload avatar avatar-132 photo wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" srcset="https://observer.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2012/04/1681830702116.jpeg 800w, https://observer.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2012/04/1681830702116.jpeg?resize=300,300 300w, https://observer.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2012/04/1681830702116.jpeg?resize=768,768 768w, https://observer.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2012/04/1681830702116.jpeg?resize=600,600 600w, https://observer.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2012/04/1681830702116.jpeg?resize=320,320 320w, https://observer.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2012/04/1681830702116.jpeg?resize=700,700 700w, https://observer.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2012/04/1681830702116.jpeg?resize=50,50 50w" sizes="(max-width: 768px) 135px, 200px" /></noscript> </div> </div> <div class="term-page-header__container"> <h1 class="term-title"> Dan Duray </h1> <p class="author-bio">Dan Duray is a writer in Brooklyn whose work has appeared in The Guardian, Vanity Fair, Bookforum, The Baffler, The Economist, W magazine, and Town & Country, among other publications.</p> <ul class="social-icons large author-social term-description__author"> <li class="linkedin"> <a target="_blank" data-label="linkedin-author" href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/dan-duray-3002b129/" aria-label="Connect with Dan Duray on Linkedin"> <span><svg class="social-icon"><use xlink:href="#icon-linkedin"></use></svg></span> Dan Duray </a> </li> <li class="instagram"> <a target="_blank" data-label="instagram-author" href="https://instagram.com/dduray8" aria-label="Follow Dan Duray on Instagram"> <span><svg class="social-icon"><use xlink:href="#icon-instagram"></use></svg></span> @dduray8 </a> </li> <li class="rss"> <a target="_blank" data-label="rss-author" href="https://observer.com/author/dan-duray/feed/" aria-label="View RSS Feed for Dan Duray"> <span><svg class="social-icon"><use xlink:href="#icon-rss"></use></svg></span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </header><!-- .page-header --> <div class="child-channel-wrapper"> <div id="primary" class="content-area"> <main id="main" class="site-main" role="main"> <section id="loopwrapper" class="channel-content__main channel-content__main--full-width"> <article id="post-1499859" class="post-card post-card__post" data-post="1499859" data-title="European Masters in the Berkshires: An Interview with the Clark’s Olivier Meslay" data-url="https://observer.com/2024/11/interview-clark-art-institute-director-olivier-meslay/"> <a class="post-card__image" href="https://observer.com/2024/11/interview-clark-art-institute-director-olivier-meslay/" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> <div class="entry-thumbnail-wrapper"> <img width="300" height="225" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" data-src="https://observer.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/11/Olivier-Meslay.jpg?quality=80&w=300&h=225&crop=1" class="lazyload attachment-grid-thumbnail size-grid-thumbnail" alt="A photo of a middle-aged man with short gray hair wearing an orange sweater under a plaid jacket, standing outdoors with blurred foliage and the corner of a building visible behind him." decoding="async" fetchpriority="high" /><noscript><img width="300" height="225" src="https://observer.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/11/Olivier-Meslay.jpg?quality=80&w=300&h=225&crop=1" class="lazyload attachment-grid-thumbnail size-grid-thumbnail" alt="A photo of a middle-aged man with short gray hair wearing an orange sweater under a plaid jacket, standing outdoors with blurred foliage and the corner of a building visible behind him." decoding="async" fetchpriority="high" /></noscript> </div> </a> <div class="post-card__text"> <div class="post-card__meta"> </div> <h2 class="post-card__title"> <a href="https://observer.com/2024/11/interview-clark-art-institute-director-olivier-meslay/"> European Masters in the Berkshires: An Interview with the Clark’s Olivier Meslay </a> </h2> <div class="entry-by-and-channel-wrapper"> <!-- TODO ensure nyo_byline_string can output a permalink --> <div class="post-card__byline"> By Dan Duray </div> </div> </div> </article><!-- #post-## --> <article id="post-1499847" class="post-card post-card__post" data-post="1499847" data-title="One Fine Show: ‘Wild Things, The Art of Maurice Sendak’ at Denver Art Museum" data-url="https://observer.com/2024/11/art-review-wild-things-the-art-of-maurice-sendak-denver-art-museum/"> <a class="post-card__image" href="https://observer.com/2024/11/art-review-wild-things-the-art-of-maurice-sendak-denver-art-museum/" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> <div class="entry-thumbnail-wrapper"> <img width="300" height="225" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" data-src="https://observer.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/11/2024-10_H2_WildThings_EalyViews_1.jpg?quality=80&w=300&h=225&crop=1" class="lazyload attachment-grid-thumbnail size-grid-thumbnail" alt="A photo of a large, colorful wall installation with leaves in abstract patterns and a central illuminated depiction of a smiling, cartoon-like creature with fur and horns, set in a dimly lit gallery space." decoding="async" /><noscript><img width="300" height="225" src="https://observer.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/11/2024-10_H2_WildThings_EalyViews_1.jpg?quality=80&w=300&h=225&crop=1" class="lazyload attachment-grid-thumbnail size-grid-thumbnail" alt="A photo of a large, colorful wall installation with leaves in abstract patterns and a central illuminated depiction of a smiling, cartoon-like creature with fur and horns, set in a dimly lit gallery space." decoding="async" /></noscript> </div> </a> <div class="post-card__text"> <div class="post-card__meta"> </div> <h2 class="post-card__title"> <a href="https://observer.com/2024/11/art-review-wild-things-the-art-of-maurice-sendak-denver-art-museum/"> One Fine Show: ‘Wild Things, The Art of Maurice Sendak’ at Denver Art Museum </a> </h2> <div class="entry-by-and-channel-wrapper"> <!-- TODO ensure nyo_byline_string can output a permalink --> <div class="post-card__byline"> By Dan Duray </div> </div> </div> </article><!-- #post-## --> <article id="post-1497818" class="post-card post-card__post" data-post="1497818" data-title="One Fine Show: ‘William Gropper, Artist of the People’ at The Phillips Collection" data-url="https://observer.com/2024/11/review-william-gropper-artist-of-the-people-at-the-phillips-collection/"> <a class="post-card__image" href="https://observer.com/2024/11/review-william-gropper-artist-of-the-people-at-the-phillips-collection/" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> <div class="entry-thumbnail-wrapper"> <img width="300" height="225" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" data-src="https://observer.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/11/William-Gropper_Lincoln-Observing-Corrupt-Politicians-Silver-Shirts-and-the-KKK_1940_Collection-of-Harvey-and-Harvey-Ann-Ross-e1732285480758.jpeg?quality=80&w=300&h=225&crop=1" class="lazyload attachment-grid-thumbnail size-grid-thumbnail" alt="A photo of a political cartoon featuring Abraham Lincoln standing somberly in a dark suit, observing chaos beneath him. Figures below include a blindfolded character holding a document labeled "Trumped Up Charges," a man yelling "DIES" next to a cart with a large fish, and other characters representing groups like "Coughlin," "KKK," and "Silver Shirts" engaged in disorderly activities, symbolizing corruption and hatred." decoding="async" /><noscript><img width="300" height="225" src="https://observer.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/11/William-Gropper_Lincoln-Observing-Corrupt-Politicians-Silver-Shirts-and-the-KKK_1940_Collection-of-Harvey-and-Harvey-Ann-Ross-e1732285480758.jpeg?quality=80&w=300&h=225&crop=1" class="lazyload attachment-grid-thumbnail size-grid-thumbnail" alt="A photo of a political cartoon featuring Abraham Lincoln standing somberly in a dark suit, observing chaos beneath him. Figures below include a blindfolded character holding a document labeled "Trumped Up Charges," a man yelling "DIES" next to a cart with a large fish, and other characters representing groups like "Coughlin," "KKK," and "Silver Shirts" engaged in disorderly activities, symbolizing corruption and hatred." decoding="async" /></noscript> </div> </a> <div class="post-card__text"> <div class="post-card__meta"> </div> <h2 class="post-card__title"> <a href="https://observer.com/2024/11/review-william-gropper-artist-of-the-people-at-the-phillips-collection/"> One Fine Show: ‘William Gropper, Artist of the People’ at The Phillips Collection </a> </h2> <div class="entry-by-and-channel-wrapper"> <!-- TODO ensure nyo_byline_string can output a permalink --> <div class="post-card__byline"> By Dan Duray </div> </div> </div> </article><!-- #post-## --> <article id="post-1467083" class="post-card post-card__post" data-post="1467083" data-title="Sotheby鈥檚 David Galperin On the Market for Maurizio Cattelan" data-url="https://observer.com/2024/11/interview-david-galperin-sothebys-maruzio-cattelan-comedian-banana/"> <a class="post-card__image" href="https://observer.com/2024/11/interview-david-galperin-sothebys-maruzio-cattelan-comedian-banana/" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> <div class="entry-thumbnail-wrapper"> <img width="300" height="225" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" data-src="https://observer.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/11/David-Galperin.jpg?quality=80&w=300&h=225&crop=1" class="lazyload attachment-grid-thumbnail size-grid-thumbnail" alt="A photo of a man wearing a navy blue suit, light blue dress shirt, and patterned green tie, standing with arms crossed against a plain light-colored wall. He has short, dark hair and a confident expression." decoding="async" /><noscript><img width="300" height="225" src="https://observer.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/11/David-Galperin.jpg?quality=80&w=300&h=225&crop=1" class="lazyload attachment-grid-thumbnail size-grid-thumbnail" alt="A photo of a man wearing a navy blue suit, light blue dress shirt, and patterned green tie, standing with arms crossed against a plain light-colored wall. He has short, dark hair and a confident expression." decoding="async" /></noscript> </div> </a> <div class="post-card__text"> <div class="post-card__meta"> </div> <h2 class="post-card__title"> <a href="https://observer.com/2024/11/interview-david-galperin-sothebys-maruzio-cattelan-comedian-banana/"> Sotheby鈥檚 David Galperin On the Market for Maurizio Cattelan </a> </h2> <div class="entry-by-and-channel-wrapper"> <!-- TODO ensure nyo_byline_string can output a permalink --> <div class="post-card__byline"> By Dan Duray </div> </div> </div> </article><!-- #post-## --> <article id="post-1466731" class="post-card post-card__post" data-post="1466731" data-title="One Fine Show: 鈥淭acita Dean, Blind Folly” at The Menil Collection" data-url="https://observer.com/2024/11/one-fine-show-tacita-dean-blind-folly-at-the-menil-collection/"> <a class="post-card__image" href="https://observer.com/2024/11/one-fine-show-tacita-dean-blind-folly-at-the-menil-collection/" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> <div class="entry-thumbnail-wrapper"> <img width="300" height="225" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" data-src="https://observer.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/11/7.-Installation-view.-Photo-by-Lauren-Marek.jpg?quality=80&w=300&h=225&crop=1" class="lazyload attachment-grid-thumbnail size-grid-thumbnail" alt="A photo of a person standing in a spacious, modern gallery, looking at a large, textured black-and-white artwork on the left wall that resembles icy or cloud-like forms. The room has high ceilings with soft, white lighting, and another dark artwork is mounted on the far wall, adding to the minimalist and contemplative atmosphere of the space." decoding="async" /><noscript><img width="300" height="225" src="https://observer.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/11/7.-Installation-view.-Photo-by-Lauren-Marek.jpg?quality=80&w=300&h=225&crop=1" class="lazyload attachment-grid-thumbnail size-grid-thumbnail" alt="A photo of a person standing in a spacious, modern gallery, looking at a large, textured black-and-white artwork on the left wall that resembles icy or cloud-like forms. The room has high ceilings with soft, white lighting, and another dark artwork is mounted on the far wall, adding to the minimalist and contemplative atmosphere of the space." decoding="async" /></noscript> </div> </a> <div class="post-card__text"> <div class="post-card__meta"> </div> <h2 class="post-card__title"> <a href="https://observer.com/2024/11/one-fine-show-tacita-dean-blind-folly-at-the-menil-collection/"> One Fine Show: 鈥淭acita Dean, Blind Folly” at The Menil Collection </a> </h2> <div class="entry-by-and-channel-wrapper"> <!-- TODO ensure nyo_byline_string can output a permalink --> <div class="post-card__byline"> By Dan Duray </div> </div> </div> </article><!-- #post-## --> <article class="post-card post-card__post"> <!-- Hashtag Labs Ad observer_river --> <div class="ad-wrapper ad-river ad-has-disclaimer htlad-observer_river" id="observer_river"></div> </article> <article id="post-1466143" class="post-card post-card__post" data-post="1466143" data-title="On Photographer Peter Hujar: An Interview With Gary Schneider" data-url="https://observer.com/2024/11/gary-schneider-interview-peter-hujar-book/"> <a class="post-card__image" href="https://observer.com/2024/11/gary-schneider-interview-peter-hujar-book/" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> <div class="entry-thumbnail-wrapper"> <img width="300" height="225" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" data-src="https://observer.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/11/John-Erdman-and-Gary-Schneider-in-Bed-1986.jpg?quality=80&w=300&h=225&crop=1" class="lazyload attachment-grid-thumbnail size-grid-thumbnail" alt="Two men lying close together in bed, embracing as they sleep. Both have peaceful expressions, with one resting his face against the other's, capturing an intimate and serene moment." decoding="async" /><noscript><img width="300" height="225" src="https://observer.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/11/John-Erdman-and-Gary-Schneider-in-Bed-1986.jpg?quality=80&w=300&h=225&crop=1" class="lazyload attachment-grid-thumbnail size-grid-thumbnail" alt="Two men lying close together in bed, embracing as they sleep. Both have peaceful expressions, with one resting his face against the other's, capturing an intimate and serene moment." decoding="async" /></noscript> </div> </a> <div class="post-card__text"> <div class="post-card__meta"> </div> <h2 class="post-card__title"> <a href="https://observer.com/2024/11/gary-schneider-interview-peter-hujar-book/"> On Photographer Peter Hujar: An Interview With Gary Schneider </a> </h2> <div class="entry-by-and-channel-wrapper"> <!-- TODO ensure nyo_byline_string can output a permalink --> <div class="post-card__byline"> By Dan Duray </div> </div> </div> </article><!-- #post-## --> <article id="post-1462710" class="post-card post-card__post" data-post="1462710" data-title="One Fine Show: ‘Charles Atlas, About Time’ at ICA Boston" data-url="https://observer.com/2024/11/art-review-charles-atlas-about-time-ica-boston/"> <a class="post-card__image" href="https://observer.com/2024/11/art-review-charles-atlas-about-time-ica-boston/" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> <div class="entry-thumbnail-wrapper"> <img width="300" height="225" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" data-src="https://observer.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/11/Exhibition_Charles-Atlas_Mel-Taing_1A3A5620-Enhanced-NR-Edit.jpg?quality=80&w=300&h=225&crop=1" class="lazyload attachment-grid-thumbnail size-grid-thumbnail" alt="The photo shows an art exhibition space featuring multiple large video screens displaying different scenes, including dancers and urban landscapes. Several people are standing in the dimly lit room, observing the screens from various angles, with colors on the screens ranging from vibrant purples and reds to muted tones." decoding="async" /><noscript><img width="300" height="225" src="https://observer.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/11/Exhibition_Charles-Atlas_Mel-Taing_1A3A5620-Enhanced-NR-Edit.jpg?quality=80&w=300&h=225&crop=1" class="lazyload attachment-grid-thumbnail size-grid-thumbnail" alt="The photo shows an art exhibition space featuring multiple large video screens displaying different scenes, including dancers and urban landscapes. Several people are standing in the dimly lit room, observing the screens from various angles, with colors on the screens ranging from vibrant purples and reds to muted tones." decoding="async" /></noscript> </div> </a> <div class="post-card__text"> <div class="post-card__meta"> </div> <h2 class="post-card__title"> <a href="https://observer.com/2024/11/art-review-charles-atlas-about-time-ica-boston/"> One Fine Show: ‘Charles Atlas, About Time’ at ICA Boston </a> </h2> <div class="entry-by-and-channel-wrapper"> <!-- TODO ensure nyo_byline_string can output a permalink --> <div class="post-card__byline"> By Dan Duray </div> </div> </div> </article><!-- #post-## --> <article id="post-1462158" class="post-card post-card__post" data-post="1462158" data-title="Edra Soto On Puerto Rican Art, Public Sculpture and Her New NYC Installation ‘Graft’" data-url="https://observer.com/2024/11/arts-interviews-artist-edra-soto-graft/"> <a class="post-card__image" href="https://observer.com/2024/11/arts-interviews-artist-edra-soto-graft/" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> <div class="entry-thumbnail-wrapper"> <img width="300" height="225" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" data-src="https://observer.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/11/Edra-Soto-portrait-photo-credit-Maria-Burundarena2.jpg?quality=80&w=300&h=225&crop=1" class="lazyload attachment-grid-thumbnail size-grid-thumbnail" alt="" decoding="async" /><noscript><img width="300" height="225" src="https://observer.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/11/Edra-Soto-portrait-photo-credit-Maria-Burundarena2.jpg?quality=80&w=300&h=225&crop=1" class="lazyload attachment-grid-thumbnail size-grid-thumbnail" alt="" decoding="async" /></noscript> </div> </a> <div class="post-card__text"> <div class="post-card__meta"> </div> <h2 class="post-card__title"> <a href="https://observer.com/2024/11/arts-interviews-artist-edra-soto-graft/"> Edra Soto On Puerto Rican Art, Public Sculpture and Her New NYC Installation ‘Graft’ </a> </h2> <div class="entry-by-and-channel-wrapper"> <!-- TODO ensure nyo_byline_string can output a permalink --> <div class="post-card__byline"> By Dan Duray </div> </div> </div> </article><!-- #post-## --> <article id="post-1461795" class="post-card post-card__post" data-post="1461795" data-title="One Fine Show: ‘Andrew Wyeth鈥檚 Botanical Imagination’ at the Bruce Museum" data-url="https://observer.com/2024/10/art-review-andrew-wyeth-botanical-imagination-bruce-museum/"> <a class="post-card__image" href="https://observer.com/2024/10/art-review-andrew-wyeth-botanical-imagination-bruce-museum/" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> <div class="entry-thumbnail-wrapper"> <img width="300" height="225" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" data-src="https://observer.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/10/Buttonwood-0575R-e1730315013840.jpg?quality=80&w=300&h=225&crop=1" class="lazyload attachment-grid-thumbnail size-grid-thumbnail" alt="" decoding="async" /><noscript><img width="300" height="225" src="https://observer.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/10/Buttonwood-0575R-e1730315013840.jpg?quality=80&w=300&h=225&crop=1" class="lazyload attachment-grid-thumbnail size-grid-thumbnail" alt="" decoding="async" /></noscript> </div> </a> <div class="post-card__text"> <div class="post-card__meta"> </div> <h2 class="post-card__title"> <a href="https://observer.com/2024/10/art-review-andrew-wyeth-botanical-imagination-bruce-museum/"> One Fine Show: ‘Andrew Wyeth鈥檚 Botanical Imagination’ at the Bruce Museum </a> </h2> <div class="entry-by-and-channel-wrapper"> <!-- TODO ensure nyo_byline_string can output a permalink --> <div class="post-card__byline"> By Dan Duray </div> </div> </div> </article><!-- #post-## --> <article id="post-1460885" class="post-card post-card__post" data-post="1460885" data-title="Director Thelma Golden On the Future of Programming at the Studio Museum in Harlem" data-url="https://observer.com/2024/10/arts-interview-thelma-golden-studio-museum-in-harlem/"> <a class="post-card__image" href="https://observer.com/2024/10/arts-interview-thelma-golden-studio-museum-in-harlem/" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> <div class="entry-thumbnail-wrapper"> <img width="300" height="225" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" data-src="https://observer.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/10/Building_ExteriorFacade2_072024_AlbertVecerka.jpg?quality=80&w=300&h=225&crop=1" class="lazyload attachment-grid-thumbnail size-grid-thumbnail" alt="" decoding="async" /><noscript><img width="300" height="225" src="https://observer.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/10/Building_ExteriorFacade2_072024_AlbertVecerka.jpg?quality=80&w=300&h=225&crop=1" class="lazyload attachment-grid-thumbnail size-grid-thumbnail" alt="" decoding="async" /></noscript> </div> </a> <div class="post-card__text"> <div class="post-card__meta"> </div> <h2 class="post-card__title"> <a href="https://observer.com/2024/10/arts-interview-thelma-golden-studio-museum-in-harlem/"> Director Thelma Golden On the Future of Programming at the Studio Museum in Harlem </a> </h2> <div class="entry-by-and-channel-wrapper"> <!-- TODO ensure nyo_byline_string can output a permalink --> <div class="post-card__byline"> By Dan Duray </div> </div> </div> </article><!-- #post-## --> <article id="post-1460274" class="post-card post-card__post" data-post="1460274" data-title="One Fine Show: ‘Hokusai, Waves of Inspiration’ at the Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art" data-url="https://observer.com/2024/10/art-review-hokusai-waves-of-inspiration-nelson-atkins-museum-of-art-prints/"> <a class="post-card__image" href="https://observer.com/2024/10/art-review-hokusai-waves-of-inspiration-nelson-atkins-museum-of-art-prints/" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> <div class="entry-thumbnail-wrapper"> <img width="300" height="225" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" data-src="https://observer.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/10/SC282230b_IG-e1729709373704.jpg?quality=80&w=300&h=225&crop=1" class="lazyload attachment-grid-thumbnail size-grid-thumbnail" alt="A color woodblock print of a sad looking frog lamp with long brown hair" decoding="async" /><noscript><img width="300" height="225" src="https://observer.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/10/SC282230b_IG-e1729709373704.jpg?quality=80&w=300&h=225&crop=1" class="lazyload attachment-grid-thumbnail size-grid-thumbnail" alt="A color woodblock print of a sad looking frog lamp with long brown hair" decoding="async" /></noscript> </div> </a> <div class="post-card__text"> <div class="post-card__meta"> </div> <h2 class="post-card__title"> <a href="https://observer.com/2024/10/art-review-hokusai-waves-of-inspiration-nelson-atkins-museum-of-art-prints/"> One Fine Show: ‘Hokusai, Waves of Inspiration’ at the Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art </a> </h2> <div class="entry-by-and-channel-wrapper"> <!-- TODO ensure nyo_byline_string can output a permalink --> <div class="post-card__byline"> By Dan Duray </div> </div> </div> </article><!-- #post-## --> <div id="more-button" class="wp-block-button"> <a href="https://observer.com/author/dan-duray/page/2/">More</a> </div> </section> </main><!-- #main --> </div><!-- #primary --> <div id="secondary" class="widget-area" role="complementary"> <div id="nyo-before-sidebar"> </div> <!-- For the Home page --> <!-- For Article pages --> <!-- For Tag pages and child channel pages --> <aside class="ad-widget"> <!-- Hashtag Labs Ad observer_right_rail --> <div class="ad-wrapper ad-bottom-margin ad-desktop ad-right-rail ad-has-disclaimer htlad-observer_right_rail" id="observer_right_rail"></div> <!-- Hashtag Labs Ad observer_right_rail_2 --> <div class="ad-wrapper ad-bottom-margin ad-desktop ad-right-rail ad-has-disclaimer htlad-observer_right_rail_2" id="observer_right_rail_2"></div> </aside> <div id="nyo-sidebars"> <div class="OUTBRAIN" data-src="https://observer.com/2024/10/art-review-hokusai-waves-of-inspiration-nelson-atkins-museum-of-art-prints/" data-widget-id="SB_1" data-ob-template="nyobserver"></div> </div> <div class="sticky-ad"> <!-- Hashtag Labs Ad observer_article --> <div class="ad-wrapper ad-bottom-margin ad-desktop ad-right-rail ad-has-disclaimer htlad-observer_article" id="observer_article"></div> </div> </div><!-- #secondary --> </div><!--.child-channel-wrapper--> <svg aria-hidden="true" style="position: absolute; width: 0; height: 0; overflow: hidden;" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <defs> <symbol id="icon-envelope" viewBox="0 0 28 28"> <path d="M26 23.5v-12c-0.328 0.375-0.688 0.719-1.078 1.031-2.234 1.719-4.484 3.469-6.656 5.281-1.172 0.984-2.625 2.188-4.25 2.188h-0.031c-1.625 0-3.078-1.203-4.25-2.188-2.172-1.813-4.422-3.563-6.656-5.281-0.391-0.313-0.75-0.656-1.078-1.031v12c0 0.266 0.234 0.5 0.5 0.5h23c0.266 0 0.5-0.234 0.5-0.5zM26 7.078c0-0.391 0.094-1.078-0.5-1.078h-23c-0.266 0-0.5 0.234-0.5 0.5 0 1.781 0.891 3.328 2.297 4.438 2.094 1.641 4.188 3.297 6.266 4.953 0.828 0.672 2.328 2.109 3.422 2.109h0.031c1.094 0 2.594-1.437 3.422-2.109 2.078-1.656 4.172-3.313 6.266-4.953 1.016-0.797 2.297-2.531 2.297-3.859zM28 6.5v17c0 1.375-1.125 2.5-2.5 2.5h-23c-1.375 0-2.5-1.125-2.5-2.5v-17c0-1.375 1.125-2.5 2.5-2.5h23c1.375 0 2.5 1.125 2.5 2.5z"></path> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-twitter" viewBox="0 0 512 512"> <path d="M389.2 48h70.6L305.6 224.2 487 464H345L233.7 318.6 106.5 464H35.8L200.7 275.5 26.8 48H172.4L272.9 180.9 389.2 48zM364.4 421.8h39.1L151.1 88h-42L364.4 421.8z"/> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-x" viewbox="0 0 30 30"> <path d="M26.37 26l-8.795-12.822l0.015 0.012L25.52 4h-2.65l-6.46 7.48L11.28 4H4.33l8.211 11.971L12.54 15.97L3.88 26h2.65 l7.182-8.322L19.42 26H26.37z M10.23 6l12.34 18h-2.1L8.12 6H10.23z"/> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-facebook" viewBox="0 0 16 28"> <path d="M14.984 0.187v4.125h-2.453c-1.922 0-2.281 0.922-2.281 2.25v2.953h4.578l-0.609 4.625h-3.969v11.859h-4.781v-11.859h-3.984v-4.625h3.984v-3.406c0-3.953 2.422-6.109 5.953-6.109 1.687 0 3.141 0.125 3.563 0.187z"></path> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-linkedin" viewBox="0 0 24 28"> <path d="M5.453 9.766v15.484h-5.156v-15.484h5.156zM5.781 4.984c0.016 1.484-1.109 2.672-2.906 2.672v0h-0.031c-1.734 0-2.844-1.188-2.844-2.672 0-1.516 1.156-2.672 2.906-2.672 1.766 0 2.859 1.156 2.875 2.672zM24 16.375v8.875h-5.141v-8.281c0-2.078-0.75-3.5-2.609-3.5-1.422 0-2.266 0.953-2.641 1.875-0.125 0.344-0.172 0.797-0.172 1.266v8.641h-5.141c0.063-14.031 0-15.484 0-15.484h5.141v2.25h-0.031c0.672-1.062 1.891-2.609 4.672-2.609 3.391 0 5.922 2.219 5.922 6.969z"></path> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-instagram" viewBox="0 0 24 28"> <path d="M16 14c0-2.203-1.797-4-4-4s-4 1.797-4 4 1.797 4 4 4 4-1.797 4-4zM18.156 14c0 3.406-2.75 6.156-6.156 6.156s-6.156-2.75-6.156-6.156 2.75-6.156 6.156-6.156 6.156 2.75 6.156 6.156zM19.844 7.594c0 0.797-0.641 1.437-1.437 1.437s-1.437-0.641-1.437-1.437 0.641-1.437 1.437-1.437 1.437 0.641 1.437 1.437zM12 4.156c-1.75 0-5.5-0.141-7.078 0.484-0.547 0.219-0.953 0.484-1.375 0.906s-0.688 0.828-0.906 1.375c-0.625 1.578-0.484 5.328-0.484 7.078s-0.141 5.5 0.484 7.078c0.219 0.547 0.484 0.953 0.906 1.375s0.828 0.688 1.375 0.906c1.578 0.625 5.328 0.484 7.078 0.484s5.5 0.141 7.078-0.484c0.547-0.219 0.953-0.484 1.375-0.906s0.688-0.828 0.906-1.375c0.625-1.578 0.484-5.328 0.484-7.078s0.141-5.5-0.484-7.078c-0.219-0.547-0.484-0.953-0.906-1.375s-0.828-0.688-1.375-0.906c-1.578-0.625-5.328-0.484-7.078-0.484zM24 14c0 1.656 0.016 3.297-0.078 4.953-0.094 1.922-0.531 3.625-1.937 5.031s-3.109 1.844-5.031 1.937c-1.656 0.094-3.297 0.078-4.953 0.078s-3.297 0.016-4.953-0.078c-1.922-0.094-3.625-0.531-5.031-1.937s-1.844-3.109-1.937-5.031c-0.094-1.656-0.078-3.297-0.078-4.953s-0.016-3.297 0.078-4.953c0.094-1.922 0.531-3.625 1.937-5.031s3.109-1.844 5.031-1.937c1.656-0.094 3.297-0.078 4.953-0.078s3.297-0.016 4.953 0.078c1.922 0.094 3.625 0.531 5.031 1.937s1.844 3.109 1.937 5.031c0.094 1.656 0.078 3.297 0.078 4.953z"></path> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-mail" viewBox="0 0 20 20"> <path d="M1.574 5.286c0.488 0.262 7.248 3.894 7.5 4.029s0.578 0.199 0.906 0.199c0.328 0 0.654-0.064 0.906-0.199s7.012-3.767 7.5-4.029c0.489-0.263 0.951-1.286 0.054-1.286h-16.919c-0.897 0-0.435 1.023 0.053 1.286zM18.613 7.489c-0.555 0.289-7.387 3.849-7.727 4.027s-0.578 0.199-0.906 0.199-0.566-0.021-0.906-0.199-7.133-3.739-7.688-4.028c-0.39-0.204-0.386 0.035-0.386 0.219s0 7.293 0 7.293c0 0.42 0.566 1 1 1h16c0.434 0 1-0.58 1-1 0 0 0-7.108 0-7.292s0.004-0.423-0.387-0.219z"></path> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-filled-envelope" viewBox="0 0 14 14"> <path d="M1.23 1.903h11.54c.183 0 .356.043.512.116l-4.5 4.515-.001.001-1.463 1.468c-.156.156-.481.156-.637 0L5.218 6.535l-.001-.001-4.5-4.515a1.21 1.21 0 0 1 .513-.116Zm6.668 6.68 1.173-1.177 4.211 4.225c-.156.072-.33.116-.513.116H1.23a1.22 1.22 0 0 1-.513-.116l4.211-4.225 1.173 1.176c.485.488 1.322.477 1.797 0v.001ZM.131 2.593a1.209 1.209 0 0 0-.131.54v7.383c0 .195.05.377.13.541l4.22-4.232L.13 2.592l.001.001Zm9.52 4.232 4.218-4.233c.082.164.131.346.131.541v7.383c0 .195-.05.377-.13.541L9.65 6.825h.001Z" /> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-rss" viewBox="0 0 1920 1920"> <path d="M53.333 628.96c682.454 0 1237.76 555.2 1237.76 1237.76v53.333H882.24v-53.333c0-457.067-371.84-828.907-828.907-828.907H0V628.96Zm0-628.96C1082.56 0 1920 837.44 1920 1866.667V1920h-408.853v-53.333c0-803.84-653.974-1457.814-1457.814-1457.814H0V0ZM267.19 1386.667c146.774 0 266.134 119.36 266.134 266.133 0 146.773-119.36 266.24-266.134 266.24S.95 1799.573.95 1652.8c0-146.773 119.467-266.133 266.24-266.133Z" fill-rule="evenodd"/> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-globe" viewBox="0 0 24 24"> <path d="M12 0c6.623 0 12 5.377 12 12s-5.377 12-12 12-12-5.377-12-12 5.377-12 12-12m2.557 16h-5.115c.546 2.46 1.441 4.114 2.558 5.744 1.194-1.741 2.041-3.41 2.557-5.744m-7.157 0h-4.567c1.236 2.825 3.704 4.972 6.755 5.716-1.048-1.733-1.783-3.658-2.188-5.716m13.767 0h-4.567c-.391 1.988-1.095 3.887-2.175 5.694 3.012-.763 5.517-2.895 6.742-5.694m-14.005-6h-4.962c-.267 1.313-.267 2.685 0 4h4.915c-.119-1.329-.101-2.672.047-4m7.661 0h-5.647c-.165 1.326-.185 2.672-.053 4h5.753c.133-1.328.111-2.673-.053-4m6.977 0h-4.963c.148 1.328.166 2.671.048 4h4.915c.26-1.285.273-2.648 0-4m-12.156-7.729c-3.077.732-5.567 2.886-6.811 5.729h4.653c.435-2.042 1.178-3.985 2.158-5.729m2.355-.048c-1.089 1.77-1.91 3.453-2.463 5.777h4.927c-.534-2.246-1.337-3.948-2.464-5.777m2.368.069c1.013 1.812 1.733 3.76 2.146 5.708h4.654c-1.232-2.816-3.762-4.958-6.8-5.708" fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd"/> </symbol> </defs> </svg> </div><!-- #content --> <footer id="colophon" class="site-footer " role="contentinfo"> <div class="inner-container"> <div class="middle"> <div class="left"> <nav class="middle-nav footer-top-row-1"><ul id="menu-footer-1" class="footer-global-middle"><li id="menu-item-1323784" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-1323784"><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://observermedia.com/contact/">Contact</a></li> <li id="menu-item-1413820" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-1413820"><a href="https://observer.com/about-observer/">About</a></li> <li id="menu-item-1323786" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1323786"><a href="https://observer.com/advertise/">Advertise</a></li> <li id="menu-item-1323787" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1323787"><a href="https://observer.com/ad-guidelines/">Advertising Guidelines</a></li> </ul></nav><nav class="middle-nav footer-top-row-2"><ul id="menu-footer-2" class="footer-global-middle"><li id="menu-item-1323790" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1323790"><a href="https://observer.com/ethics-policy/">Editorial Ethics</a></li> <li id="menu-item-1323791" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1323791"><a href="https://observer.com/sitemap/">Sitemap</a></li> <li id="menu-item-1323788" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1323788"><a href="https://observer.com/subscribe/">Newsletters</a></li> <li id="menu-item-1337587" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1337587"><a href="https://observer.com/rss-feeds/">RSS Feeds</a></li> </ul></nav> </div> <div class="right"> <ul class="social-icons color"> <li class="facebook"> <a target="_blank" data-label="facebook-footer" href="https://www.facebook.com/observer" aria-label="Follow us on Facebook"> <svg class="social-icon"><use xlink:href="#icon-facebook"></use></svg> </a> </li> <li class="twitter"> <a target="_blank" data-label="twitter-footer" href="https://x.com/observer" aria-label="Follow us on X"> <svg class="social-icon"><use xlink:href="#icon-x"></use></svg> </a> </li> <li class="linkedin"> <a target="_blank" data-label="linkedin-footer" href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/observer-media" aria-label="Follow us on Linkedin"> <svg class="social-icon"><use xlink:href="#icon-linkedin"></use></svg> </a> </li> <li class="instagram"> <a target="_blank" data-label="instagram-footer" href="https://instagram.com/observer" aria-label="Follow us on Instagram"> <svg class="social-icon"><use xlink:href="#icon-instagram"></use></svg> </a> </li> <li class="email"> <a target="_blank" aria-label="Drop us an email" data-label="email-footer" href="mailto:editorial@observer.com?Subject=Feedback"> <svg class="social-icon icon-envelope"><use xlink:href="#icon-envelope"></use></svg> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="bottom"> <nav class="left"><ul id="menu-copyright" class="footer-global-bottom"><li id="menu-item-1323792" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-1323792"><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://www.observermedia.com/privacy-policy">Privacy</a></li> <li id="menu-item-1323793" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-1323793"><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://observermedia.com/terms">Terms</a></li> <li><!-- OneTrust Cookies Settings link start --> <a class="ot-sdk-link ot-sdk-show-settings" onClick="return false;" href="#">Cookie Settings</a> <!-- OneTrust Cookies Settings link end --> </li></li> <li><!-- OneTrust Do Not Sell link start --> <a class="ot-button" href="https://privacyportal.onetrust.com/webform/8bf444f2-ddd6-41ff-8e24-b69ac0176e05/19c22396-023a-465c-a9c0-d9f831d1d9cd">Do not sell my data</a> <!-- OneTrust Do Not Sell link end --> </li></li> </ul></nav> <div class="right"> <div class="vip-powered"> Powered by <a href="https://wpvip.com/?utm_source=vip_powered_wpcom&utm_medium=web&utm_campaign=VIP%20Footer%20Credit&utm_term=observer.com" rel="generator nofollow" class="powered-by-wpcom">WordPress VIP</a> </div> </div> </div> </div><!-- inner-container --> </footer><!-- #colophon --> </div><!-- #page --> <div id="adb-notification" class="adb-notification"> <div class="message-container"> <div class="message" data-message="notify"> <div class="logo"></div> <h3>We noticed you're using an ad blocker.</h3> <p>We get it: you like to have control of your own internet experience.<br> But advertising revenue helps support our journalism.<br><br> To read our full stories, please turn off your ad blocker.<br>We'd really appreciate it.</p> <a href="javascript:void(0);" id="adb-whitelist" class="adb-btn">How Do I Whitelist Observer?</a> </div> <div class="message" data-message="instructions"> <h3 class="larger">How Do I Whitelist Observer?</h3> <p>Below are steps you can take in order to whitelist Observer.com on your browser:</p> <h3>For Adblock:</h3> <p>Click the AdBlock button on your browser and select <strong>Don't run on pages on this domain</strong>.</p> <h3>For Adblock Plus on Google Chrome:</h3> <p>Click the AdBlock Plus button on your browser and select <strong>Enabled on this site.</strong></p> <h3>For Adblock Plus on Firefox:</h3> <p>Click the AdBlock Plus button on your browser and select <strong>Disable on Observer.com.</strong></p> <a href="javascript:void(0);" id="adb-reload" class="adb-link">Then Reload the Page</a> </div> </div> </div> <script>var scriptQueueData = {"scripts":{"sailthru":{"is_sequenced":true,"loaded":true,"delay":3000,"delay_desktop":2250,"deps":[]},"hc-sailthru":{"is_sequenced":true,"loaded":true,"delay":3100,"delay_desktop":2325,"deps":["jquery-core","sailthru"]},"nyo-nativo-js-async":{"is_sequenced":true,"loaded":false,"delay":1500,"delay_desktop":1125,"deps":[],"src":"\/\/s.ntv.io\/serve\/load.js?ver=1.0.0"},"nyo-app-defer":{"is_sequenced":true,"loaded":false,"delay":1700,"delay_desktop":1275,"deps":[],"src":"\/\/observer.com\/wp-content\/themes\/newyorkobserver-2014\/dist\/js\/app.js?ver=1.9.11"},"infinite-scroll-defer":{"is_sequenced":true,"loaded":false,"delay":2800,"delay_desktop":2100,"deps":["jquery-core","underscore","backbone","wp-api-request","wp-api"],"src":"\/\/observer.com\/wp-content\/themes\/newyorkobserver-2014\/dist\/js\/infinite-scroll.js"},"jquery-core":{"loaded":true,"deps":[]},"underscore":{"loaded":false,"deps":[],"src":"\/wp-includes\/js\/underscore.min.js","is_sequenced":true},"backbone":{"loaded":false,"deps":["jquery-core","underscore"],"src":"\/wp-includes\/js\/backbone.min.js","is_sequenced":true},"wp-api-request":{"loaded":false,"deps":["jquery-core"],"src":"\/wp-includes\/js\/api-request.min.js","is_sequenced":true},"wp-api":{"loaded":false,"deps":["jquery-core","underscore","backbone","wp-api-request"],"src":"\/wp-includes\/js\/wp-api.min.js","is_sequenced":true},"frontend":{"loaded":true,"deps":[]},"amp-google-tag-manager-defer":{"loaded":true,"deps":["jquery-core"]},"wp-parsely-loader":{"loaded":true,"deps":["wp-polyfill-inert","regenerator-runtime","wp-polyfill","wp-hooks","wp-i18n"]},"wp-polyfill-inert":{"loaded":true,"deps":[]},"regenerator-runtime":{"loaded":true,"deps":[]},"wp-polyfill":{"loaded":true,"deps":["wp-polyfill-inert","regenerator-runtime"]},"wp-hooks":{"loaded":true,"deps":["wp-polyfill-inert","regenerator-runtime","wp-polyfill"]},"wp-i18n":{"loaded":true,"deps":["wp-polyfill-inert","regenerator-runtime","wp-polyfill","wp-hooks"]},"wp-parsely-tracker":{"loaded":true,"deps":[]},"observer-helpers":{"loaded":true,"deps":[]},"observer-scripts-defer":{"loaded":true,"deps":["jquery-core","flexslider-defer"]},"flexslider-defer":{"loaded":true,"deps":["jquery-core"]},"sailthru-widget":{"loaded":true,"deps":["jquery-core","sailthru","observer-helpers","hc-sailthru"]},"stickfill-nomodule":{"loaded":true,"deps":[]},"xcurrent-delay-load":{"loaded":true,"deps":[]},"xcurrent-lazy-load":{"loaded":true,"deps":[]},"sailthru-subscribe-script":{"loaded":true,"deps":["jquery-core"]},"hashtag-labs-async":{"loaded":true,"deps":[]},"jetpack-stats":{"loaded":true,"deps":[]},"xcurrent-script-queue":{"loaded":true,"deps":[]}},"max_loading_queues":4,"desktop_speedup":0.75,"visited_speedup":1};</script> <script id="delay-script">window.addEventListener("load",(function(){var speedup=window.innerWidth<768?1:.75,scripts=document.querySelectorAll("script[data-src]"),delays={otSDKStub:{delay:2800}},defaultDelay=3e3;[].forEach.call(scripts,(function(script){setTimeout((function(){script.src=script.dataset.src,script.removeAttribute("data-src")}),(delays[script.id]&&delays[script.id].delay||3e3)*speedup)}))}));</script> <script type="text/html" id="grid-template"> <article id="post-<%= post.attributes.id %>" class="post-card post-card__post" data-post="<%= post.attributes.id %>" data-title="<%= post.attributes.title.rendered %>" data-url="<%= post.attributes.link %>"> <a href="<%= post.attributes.link %>" class="post-card__image"> <div class="entry-thumbnail-wrapper"> <%= post.attributes.thumbnail %> </div> </a> <div class="post-card__text"> <div class="post-card__meta"> <% if ( post.attributes.read_time ){ %> <div class="post-card__reading_time"> <%= post.attributes.read_time %> min read </div> <% } %> </div> <h2 class="post-card__title"> <a href="<%= post.attributes.link %>"> <%= post.attributes.title.rendered %> </a> </h2> <div class="entry-by-and-channel-wrapper"> <% if ( post.attributes.display_channel || post.attributes.is_sponsored ){ %> <div class="entry-channel"> <% if ( post.attributes.is_sponsored ){ %> SPONSORED <% } %> <span><%= post.attributes.display_channel %></span> </div> <% }; %> <div class="post-card__byline"> <% if ( post.attributes.coauthors_byline ){ %> <%= post.attributes.coauthors_byline %> <% }; %> </div> </div> </div> </article><!-- #post-<%= post.ID %> --> </script> <script type="text/html" id="more-button-template"> <div id="more-button" class="wp-block-button"> <button>More</button> </div> </script> <script type="text/javascript" defer src="https://observer.com/wp-content/plugins/observer-block-editor/dist//js/frontend.js?ver=519d7f1aff151fb1ff7d" id="frontend-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" defer src="//ak.sail-horizon.com/spm/spm.v1.min.js?ver=5.5.1" id="sailthru-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="hc-sailthru-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var hc_sailthru = {"customerId":"eddd21a32bf5284abd9bc8ac7ddeec34"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" defer src="https://observer.com/wp-content/plugins/hc-sailthru/assets/js/sailthru.js?ver=20211026" id="hc-sailthru-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" defer src="https://observer.com/wp-includes/js/dist/vendor/wp-polyfill-inert.min.js?ver=3.1.2" id="wp-polyfill-inert-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" defer src="https://observer.com/wp-includes/js/dist/vendor/regenerator-runtime.min.js?ver=0.14.0" id="regenerator-runtime-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" nomodule defer src="https://observer.com/wp-includes/js/dist/vendor/wp-polyfill.min.js?ver=3.15.0" id="wp-polyfill-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" defer src="https://observer.com/wp-includes/js/dist/hooks.min.js?ver=2810c76e705dd1a53b18" id="wp-hooks-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" defer src="https://observer.com/wp-includes/js/dist/i18n.min.js?ver=5e580eb46a90c2b997e6" id="wp-i18n-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="wp-i18n-js-after"> /* <![CDATA[ */ wp.i18n.setLocaleData( { 'text direction\u0004ltr': [ 'ltr' ] } ); /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" defer src="https://observer.com/wp-content/mu-plugins/wp-parsely-3.17/build/loader.js?ver=b681bb9905652ac12735" id="wp-parsely-loader-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" data-parsely-site="observer.com" defer src="https://cdn.parsely.com/keys/observer.com/p.js?ver=3.17.0" id="parsely-cfg"></script> <script type="text/javascript" defer src="//observer.com/wp-content/themes/newyorkobserver-2014/dist/js/helpers.js?ver=1.9.11" id="observer-helpers-js"></script> <script defer type="text/javascript" src="//observer.com/wp-content/themes/newyorkobserver-2014/dist/js/vendor/jquery.flexslider.min.js?ver=2.2.2" id="flexslider-defer-js"></script> <script defer type="text/javascript" src="//observer.com/wp-content/themes/newyorkobserver-2014/dist/js/theme.js?ver=1.9.11.04282045" id="observer-scripts-defer-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" defer src="//observer.com/wp-content/themes/newyorkobserver-2014/dist/js/sailthru-widget.js?ver=1.9.11" id="sailthru-widget-js"></script> <script nomodule type="text/javascript" defer src="//observer.com/wp-content/themes/newyorkobserver-2014/dist/js/vendor/stickyfill.min.js?ver=1.1.4" id="stickfill-nomodule-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="wp-api-request-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var wpApiSettings = {"root":"https:\/\/observer.com\/wp-json\/","nonce":"4a6f97ded2","versionString":"wp\/v2\/"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" id="wp-api-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var wpApiSettings = {"root":"https:\/\/observer.com\/wp-json\/","nonce":"4a6f97ded2","versionString":"wp\/v2\/"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" id="infinite-scroll-defer-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var settings = {"loopType":"author","queriedObject":{"ID":"414527","display_name":"Dan Duray","first_name":"Dan","last_name":"Duray","user_login":"dan-duray","user_email":"","linked_account":"","website":"","description":"Dan Duray is a writer in Brooklyn whose work has appeared in The Guardian, Vanity Fair, Bookforum, The Baffler, The Economist, W magazine, and Town & Country, among other publications.","nyo-twitter":"","nyo-facebook":"","nyo-linkedin":"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/dan-duray-3002b129\/","nyo-instagram":"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/dduray8\/","nyo-title":"","user_nicename":"dan-duray","type":"guest-author","nickname":""},"pathInfo":{"author_permastruct":"\/author\/%author%","host":"observer.com","path":"\/author\/dan-duray\/page\/%d\/","use_trailing_slashes":true,"parameters":"","defaultImage":"\/\/observer.com\/wp-content\/themes\/newyorkobserver-2014\/images\/observers.jpg"},"taxonomy":"author","term":{"term_id":50659940,"name":"Dan Duray","slug":"cap-dan-duray","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":58146,"taxonomy":"author","description":"Dan Duray Dan Duray dan-duray 414527 ","parent":0,"count":2750,"filter":"raw"}}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" async src="https://observer.com/wp-content/plugins/xcurrent/assets/js/delay-load.js?ver=8f7693010179fc5007dacef632d329a6" id="xcurrent-delay-load-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" defer src="https://observer.com/wp-content/plugins/xcurrent/assets/js/lazy-load.js?ver=6bd186b35f60946321703040eae7bccf" id="xcurrent-lazy-load-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" defer src="https://stats.wp.com/e-202448.js" id="jetpack-stats-js" data-wp-strategy="defer"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="jetpack-stats-js-after"> /* <![CDATA[ */ _stq = window._stq || []; _stq.push([ "view", JSON.parse("{\"v\":\"ext\",\"blog\":\"168679389\",\"post\":\"0\",\"tz\":\"-5\",\"srv\":\"observer.com\",\"hp\":\"vip\",\"j\":\"1:14.0\"}") ]); _stq.push([ "clickTrackerInit", "168679389", "0" ]); /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" defer src="https://observer.com/wp-content/plugins/xcurrent/assets/js/script-queue.js?ver=bebcad848e998ab9ae82c8431c754b8a" id="xcurrent-script-queue-js"></script> <div class="footer-ads"> <!-- Hashtag Labs Ad observer_1x1 --> <div class="ad-wrapper ad-out-of-page htlad-observer_1x1" id="observer_1x1"></div> <!-- Hashtag Labs Ad observer_1x1_2 --> <div class="ad-wrapper ad-out-of-page htlad-observer_1x1_2" id="observer_1x1_2"></div> </div> <script> (function(src) {var a = document.createElement("script");a.type = "text/javascript";a.async = true;a.src = src;var b = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0];b.parentNode.insertBefore(a, b)})("//sandbox.tinypass.com/xbuilder/experience/load?aid=CMrLcDjZsu"); </script> <!-- Begin comScore Tag --> <script> var _comscore=_comscore||[];_comscore.push({c1:"2",c2:"37161820"}),function(){var c=document.createElement("script"),e=document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0];c.async=!0,c.src="https://sb.scorecardresearch.com/cs/37161820/beacon.js",e.parentNode.insertBefore(c,e)}(); </script> <noscript><img src="https://sb.scorecardresearch.com/p?c1=2&c2=37161820&cv=3.6.0&cj=1" alt=""></noscript> <!-- End comScore Tag --> <!-- Meta Pixel Code --> <script> !function(f,b,e,v,n,t,s) {if(f.fbq)return;n=f.fbq=function(){n.callMethod? n.callMethod.apply(n,arguments):n.queue.push(arguments)}; if(!f._fbq)f._fbq=n;n.push=n;n.loaded=!0;n.version='2.0'; n.queue=[];t=b.createElement(e);t.async=!0; t.src=v;s=b.getElementsByTagName(e)[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(t,s)}(window, document,'script', 'https://connect.facebook.net/en_US/fbevents.js'); fbq('init', '618909876214345'); fbq('track', 'PageView'); </script> <noscript><img height="1" width="1" style="display:none" src="https://www.facebook.com/tr?id=618909876214345&ev=PageView&noscript=1" alt=""/></noscript> <!-- End Meta Pixel Code --> <!-- /22133348250/Primis_VDU --> <div id='div-gpt-ad-1660852592103-0'> <script>googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-1660852592103-0'); });</script> </div> </body> </html>