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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>King of Westphalia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-King_of_Westphalia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_Hundred_Days" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Hundred_Days"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>The Hundred Days</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Hundred_Days-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Later_years" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Later_years"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Later years</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Later_years-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_fiction_and_popular_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_fiction_and_popular_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>In fiction and popular culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_fiction_and_popular_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Family" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Family"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Family</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Family-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Honours" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Honours"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Honours</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Honours-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Jérôme Bonaparte</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 46 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-46" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">46 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85_%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AA" title="جيروم بونابرت – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جيروم بونابرت" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/I_Jerom" title="I Jerom – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="I Jerom" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC_%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82" title="Жэром Банапарт – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Жэром Банапарт" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC_%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82" title="Жером Бонапарт – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Жером Бонапарт" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Girolamo_Buonaparte" title="Girolamo Buonaparte – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Girolamo Buonaparte" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Bonaparte" title="Jérôme Bonaparte – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Jérôme Bonaparte" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Bonaparte" title="Jérôme Bonaparte – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Jérôme Bonaparte" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Bonaparte" title="Jérôme Bonaparte – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Jérôme Bonaparte" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Bonaparte" title="Jérôme Bonaparte – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Jérôme Bonaparte" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Bonaparte" title="Jérôme Bonaparte – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Jérôme Bonaparte" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%99%CE%B5%CF%81%CF%8E%CE%BD%CF%85%CE%BC%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%92%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%B1%CF%80%CE%AC%CF%81%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82" title="Ιερώνυμος Βοναπάρτης – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ιερώνυμος Βοναπάρτης" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jer%C3%B3nimo_Bonaparte" title="Jerónimo Bonaparte – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Jerónimo Bonaparte" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Bonaparte" title="Jérôme Bonaparte – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Jérôme Bonaparte" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jer%C3%B4me_Bonaparte" title="Jerôme Bonaparte – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Jerôme Bonaparte" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Bonaparte" title="Jérôme Bonaparte – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Jérôme Bonaparte" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A0%9C%EB%A1%AC_%EB%B3%B4%EB%82%98%ED%8C%8C%EB%A5%B4%ED%8A%B8" title="제롬 보나파르트 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="제롬 보나파르트" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BA%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%B8%D5%B4_%D4%B2%D5%B8%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%BA%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%BF" title="Ժերոմ Բոնապարտ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ժերոմ Բոնապարտ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Bonaparte" title="Jérôme Bonaparte – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Jérôme Bonaparte" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Bonaparte" title="Jérôme Bonaparte – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Jérôme Bonaparte" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Bonaparte" title="Jérôme Bonaparte – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Jérôme Bonaparte" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Bonaparte" title="Jérôme Bonaparte – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Jérôme Bonaparte" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Girolamo_Bonaparte" title="Girolamo Bonaparte – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Girolamo Bonaparte" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%96%27%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%9D_%D7%91%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%98%D7%94" title="ז'רום בונפרטה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ז'רום בונפרטה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9F%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B_%E1%83%91%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98" title="ჟერომ ბონაპარტი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ჟერომ ბონაპარტი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hieronymus_Bonaparte" title="Hieronymus Bonaparte – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Hieronymus Bonaparte" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BDeroms_Bonaparts" title="Žeroms Bonaparts – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Žeroms Bonaparts" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Bonaparte" title="Jérôme Bonaparte – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Jérôme Bonaparte" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85_%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AA" title="جيروم بونابرت – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="جيروم بونابرت" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Bonaparte" title="Jérôme Bonaparte – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Jérôme Bonaparte" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B8%E3%82%A7%E3%83%AD%E3%83%BC%E3%83%A0%E3%83%BB%E3%83%9C%E3%83%8A%E3%83%91%E3%83%AB%E3%83%88" title="ジェローム・ボナパルト – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ジェローム・ボナパルト" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Bonaparte" title="Jérôme Bonaparte – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Jérôme Bonaparte" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hieronim_Bonaparte" title="Hieronim Bonaparte – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Hieronim Bonaparte" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jer%C3%B3nimo_Bonaparte" title="Jerónimo Bonaparte – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Jerónimo Bonaparte" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh mw-list-item"><a href="https://ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Bonaparte" title="Jérôme Bonaparte – Colognian" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh" data-title="Jérôme Bonaparte" data-language-autonym="Ripoarisch" data-language-local-name="Colognian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ripoarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Bonaparte" title="Jérôme Bonaparte – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Jérôme Bonaparte" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC_%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82" title="Жером Бонапарт – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Жером Бонапарт" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Bonaparte" title="Jérôme Bonaparte – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Jérôme Bonaparte" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC_%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Жером Бонапарта – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Жером Бонапарта" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Bonaparte" title="Jérôme Bonaparte – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Jérôme Bonaparte" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Bonaparte" title="Jérôme Bonaparte – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Jérôme Bonaparte" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Bonaparte" title="Jérôme Bonaparte – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Jérôme Bonaparte" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8C%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1_%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%95" title="เฌโรม โบนาปาร์ต – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เฌโรม โบนาปาร์ต" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Bonaparte" title="Jérôme Bonaparte – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Jérôme Bonaparte" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC_%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82" title="Жером Бонапарт – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Жером Бонапарт" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Bonaparte" title="Jérôme Bonaparte – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Jérôme Bonaparte" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%83%AD%E7%BD%97%E5%A7%86%C2%B7%E6%B3%A2%E6%8B%BF%E5%B7%B4" title="热罗姆·波拿巴 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="热罗姆·波拿巴" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q151087#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav 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dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">King of Westphalia from 1807 to 1813</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other people named Jérôme Bonaparte, see <a href="/wiki/J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Bonaparte_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Jérôme Bonaparte (disambiguation)">Jérôme Bonaparte (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn" style="background-color: #cbe; color:inherit; font-size: 125%">Jérôme Bonaparte</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image photo"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:King_Jerome_Bonaparte.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/King_Jerome_Bonaparte.jpg/220px-King_Jerome_Bonaparte.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="332" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/King_Jerome_Bonaparte.jpg/330px-King_Jerome_Bonaparte.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/King_Jerome_Bonaparte.jpg/440px-King_Jerome_Bonaparte.jpg 2x" data-file-width="794" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-bottom:0.2em;padding-top:0.2em;"><i><a href="/wiki/Portrait_of_J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Bonaparte" title="Portrait of Jérôme Bonaparte">Portrait of Jérôme Bonaparte</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_G%C3%A9rard" title="François Gérard">François Gérard</a>, 1811</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;color:inherit;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Westphalia" title="Kingdom of Westphalia">King of Westphalia</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Reign</th><td class="infobox-data">7 July 1807 – <span class="nowrap">26 October 1813</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap">First Minister</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Joseph_J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Sim%C3%A9on" title="Joseph Jérôme Siméon">Joseph Jérôme Siméon</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;color:inherit;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Prince of Montfort</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Tenure</th><td class="infobox-data">31 July 1816 – <span class="nowrap">24 June 1860</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Successor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Prince_Napol%C3%A9on-J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Bonaparte" title="Prince Napoléon-Jérôme Bonaparte">Napoléon Jérôme</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;color:inherit;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_French_Senate" class="mw-redirect" title="President of the French Senate">President of the French Senate</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />28 January 1852 – 30 November 1852</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><th colspan="2"> </th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Predecessor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/%C3%89tienne-Denis_Pasquier" title="Étienne-Denis Pasquier">Étienne-Denis Pasquier</a><br />(<i>Chamber of Peers</i>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Successor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Raymond-Theodore_Troplong" title="Raymond-Theodore Troplong">Raymond-Theodore Troplong</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;color:inherit;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><div style="height: 4px; width:100%;"></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data">15 November 1784<br /><a href="/wiki/Ajaccio" title="Ajaccio">Ajaccio</a>, <a href="/wiki/Corsica" title="Corsica">Corsica</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_France" title="Kingdom of France">Kingdom of France</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">24 June 1860<span style="display:none">(1860-06-24)</span> (aged 75)<br /><a href="/wiki/Massy,_Essonne" title="Massy, Essonne">Vilgénis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Seine-et-Oise" title="Seine-et-Oise">Seine-et-Oise</a>, <a href="/wiki/Second_French_Empire" title="Second French Empire">France</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Burial</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="label"><a href="/wiki/Les_Invalides" title="Les Invalides">Les Invalides</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style></li></ul> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Patterson_Bonaparte" title="Elizabeth Patterson Bonaparte">Elizabeth Patterson</a></div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1803; <abbr title="annulled">ann.</abbr> 1805)<wbr /></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1151524712"></li></ul> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Catharina_of_W%C3%BCrttemberg" title="Catharina of Württemberg">Catharina of Württemberg</a></div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1807; died 1835)<wbr /></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1151524712"></li></ul> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Justine_Bartolini-Baldelli" title="Justine Bartolini-Baldelli">Giustina Pecori-Suárez</a></div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1840)<wbr /></div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Issue_(genealogy)" title="Issue (genealogy)">Issue</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Napol%C3%A9on_Bonaparte" title="Jérôme Napoléon Bonaparte">Jérôme Napoléon Bonaparte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Napol%C3%A9on_Charles_Bonaparte" title="Jérôme Napoléon Charles Bonaparte">Jérôme Napoléon Charles Bonaparte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mathilde_Bonaparte" title="Mathilde Bonaparte">Mathilde, Princess of San Donato</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Napol%C3%A9on-J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Bonaparte" title="Prince Napoléon-Jérôme Bonaparte">Napoléon Jérôme, Prince Napoléon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Dynasty" title="Dynasty">House</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Bonaparte" title="House of Bonaparte">Bonaparte</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Father</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Carlo_Buonaparte" title="Carlo Buonaparte">Carlo Buonaparte</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Mother</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Letizia_Ramolino" class="mw-redirect" title="Letizia Ramolino">Letizia Ramolino</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Religion</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Roman Catholicism</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Signature</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="notpageimage infobox-signature skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Appletons%27_Bonaparte_Jerome_signature.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Jérôme Bonaparte's signature"><img alt="Jérôme Bonaparte's signature" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Appletons%27_Bonaparte_Jerome_signature.svg/125px-Appletons%27_Bonaparte_Jerome_signature.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Appletons%27_Bonaparte_Jerome_signature.svg/188px-Appletons%27_Bonaparte_Jerome_signature.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Appletons%27_Bonaparte_Jerome_signature.svg/250px-Appletons%27_Bonaparte_Jerome_signature.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="599" data-file-height="131" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Jérôme Bonaparte</b> (born <b>Girolamo Buonaparte</b>; 15 November 1784 – 24 June 1860) was the youngest brother of <a href="/wiki/Napoleon" title="Napoleon">Napoleon I</a> and reigned as <b>Jerome Napoleon I</b> (formally <b>Hieronymus Napoleon</b> in German), <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Westphalia" title="Kingdom of Westphalia">King of Westphalia</a>, between 1807 and 1813. </p><p>From 1816 onward, he bore the title of <b>Prince of Montfort</b>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After 1848, when his nephew, <a href="/wiki/Napoleon_III" title="Napoleon III">Louis Napoleon</a>, became <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_French_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="President of the French Republic">President</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Second_French_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Second French Republic">Second French Republic</a>, he served in several official roles, including <a href="/wiki/Marshal_of_France" title="Marshal of France">Marshal of France</a> from 1850 onward, and <a href="/wiki/List_of_Presidents_of_the_Senate_of_France#Presidents_of_the_Senate.2C_1852.E2.80.931940" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Presidents of the Senate of France">President of the Senate</a> in 1852.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was the only one of Napoleon's siblings who lived long enough to see the <a href="/wiki/Second_French_Empire" title="Second French Empire">Bonaparte restoration</a>. </p><p>Historian Owen Connelly points to his financial, military, and administrative successes and concludes he was a loyal, useful, and soldierly asset to Napoleon.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Others, including historian Helen Jean Burn, have demonstrated his military failures, including a dismal career in the French navy that nearly escalated into war with Britain over an incident in the <a href="/wiki/West_Indies" title="West Indies">West Indies</a>, and his selfish concerns that led to the deaths of tens of thousands during the <a href="/wiki/French_invasion_of_Russia" title="French invasion of Russia">French invasion of Russia</a> when he failed to provide military support as Napoleon had counted upon for his campaign. Further, Jérôme's addiction to spending led to both personal and national financial disasters, with his large personal debts repeatedly paid by family members, including Napoleon, his mother, and both of his first two fathers-in-law. The treasury of Westphalia was emptied.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In general, most historians agree that he was the most unsuccessful of Napoleon's brothers.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Bonaparte&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jerome_Napoleon_Bonaparte.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Jerome_Napoleon_Bonaparte.jpg/180px-Jerome_Napoleon_Bonaparte.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="230" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Jerome_Napoleon_Bonaparte.jpg/270px-Jerome_Napoleon_Bonaparte.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Jerome_Napoleon_Bonaparte.jpg/360px-Jerome_Napoleon_Bonaparte.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1458" data-file-height="1861" /></a><figcaption>Early 19th century <a href="/wiki/Vitreous_enamel" title="Vitreous enamel">enamel</a> with a portrait of Jérôme Bonaparte</figcaption></figure> <p>Jérôme was born in <a href="/wiki/Ajaccio" title="Ajaccio">Ajaccio</a>, <a href="/wiki/Corsica" title="Corsica">Corsica</a>, the eighth and last surviving child (and fifth surviving son) of <a href="/wiki/Carlo_Buonaparte" title="Carlo Buonaparte">Carlo Buonaparte</a> and his wife, <a href="/wiki/Letizia_Ramolino" class="mw-redirect" title="Letizia Ramolino">Letizia Ramolino</a>. His elder siblings were: <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Bonaparte" title="Joseph Bonaparte">Joseph Bonaparte</a>, Napoleon Bonaparte, <a href="/wiki/Lucien_Bonaparte" title="Lucien Bonaparte">Lucien Bonaparte</a>, <a href="/wiki/Elisa_Bonaparte" title="Elisa Bonaparte">Elisa Bonaparte</a>, <a href="/wiki/Louis_Bonaparte" title="Louis Bonaparte">Louis Bonaparte</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pauline_Bonaparte" title="Pauline Bonaparte">Pauline Bonaparte</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Caroline_Bonaparte" title="Caroline Bonaparte">Caroline Bonaparte</a>. </p><p>He studied at the Catholic <a href="/wiki/College_of_Juilly" title="College of Juilly">College of Juilly</a> and Lay College at the <a href="/wiki/Irish_College_in_Paris" title="Irish College in Paris">Irish College in Paris</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and then joined the <a href="/wiki/French_Navy" title="French Navy">French Navy</a> in January 1800. Napoleon put him in charge of a French frigate in the West Indies. Fleeing from an incident in which he accidentally shot a British ship and thus could have escalated conflict between the two countries, and fearing his brother's wrath, he fled north under the assumed name of "Mr. Albert" to the United States, where he planned to remain until his brother's temper cooled. While there, he amassed considerable debts and was nearly in a duel due to ruining at least one lady's honour.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Upon the boast by an old naval friend that Baltimore had the most beautiful women in the U.S., he made his way to that city (July 1803), where he met Elizabeth Patterson, reportedly the most beautiful woman in Baltimore<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup>. On Christmas Eve, 24 December 1803, nineteen-year-old Jérôme married <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Patterson_Bonaparte" title="Elizabeth Patterson Bonaparte">Elizabeth Patterson</a> (1785–1879), who herself was only eighteen. The wedding took place against the bride's father's wishes; <a href="/wiki/William_Patterson_(Maryland_businessman)" title="William Patterson (Maryland businessman)">William Patterson</a> had received an anonymous letter beforehand which detailed Jérôme's womanizing, his massive debts, and his plans to use the marriage only as a way to stay in style in the U.S. until he could return to his family in France. </p><p>Jérôme's elder brother Napoleon was furious about the match - he wanted to marry his siblings into royal families across Europe and to expand the Bonaparte dynasty through marriage. He was unable to convince <a href="/wiki/Pope_Pius_VII" title="Pope Pius VII">Pope Pius VII</a> in Rome to annul the marriage, and so after becoming Emperor in 1804, he annulled the marriage himself (by a French imperial decree, on 11 March 1805), as a matter of state. At the time, Jérôme was on his way to Europe with Elizabeth, who was then pregnant. They landed in neutral Portugal, and Jérôme set off to Italy to persuade his brother to recognize the marriage. Elizabeth tried to land in <a href="/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam">Amsterdam</a>, hoping to enter France so her baby would be born on French soil, but the Emperor barred the ship from entering the harbour. Elizabeth sailed to England instead, and gave birth to her child, <a href="/wiki/J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Napol%C3%A9on_Bonaparte" title="Jérôme Napoléon Bonaparte">Jérôme Napoléon Bonaparte</a> (1805–1870), in London. Jérôme would not attempt to see his son for two decades. </p><p>The Emperor followed up his decree of divorce with Roman Catholic and (later) French state divorce proceedings. Jérôme submitted to the Emperor's demands and ended his marriage; in return, he was made an admiral in the French navy (commanding the Genoa squadron from May 1805), a general in the army, King of Westphalia (<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><abbr title="reigned">r.</abbr> 1807–1813</span>), and an imperial prince, and Napoleon arranged marriage for him to a princess. Elizabeth returned alone to America with her son; she never spoke to Jérôme again. Fearing losing control of her son and her finances to Jérôme, Elizabeth was later declared divorced from Jérôme by a special decree and act of the <a href="/wiki/Maryland_General_Assembly" title="Maryland General Assembly">Maryland General Assembly</a> in 1815. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="King_of_Westphalia">King of Westphalia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Bonaparte&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: King of Westphalia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:J%C3%A9rome_und_Katharina_von_Westphalen.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/J%C3%A9rome_und_Katharina_von_Westphalen.jpg/220px-J%C3%A9rome_und_Katharina_von_Westphalen.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="268" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/J%C3%A9rome_und_Katharina_von_Westphalen.jpg/330px-J%C3%A9rome_und_Katharina_von_Westphalen.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/J%C3%A9rome_und_Katharina_von_Westphalen.jpg/440px-J%C3%A9rome_und_Katharina_von_Westphalen.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1441" data-file-height="1753" /></a><figcaption>Jérôme Bonaparte, <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Westphalia" title="Kingdom of Westphalia">King of Westphalia</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Catharina_of_W%C3%BCrttemberg" title="Catharina of Württemberg">Queen Catharina</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Napoleon made his brother King of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Westphalia" title="Kingdom of Westphalia">Westphalia</a>, a short-lived realm (1807–13) created from several states and principalities in northwestern Germany that had been in the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a> and were now reorganized by Napoleon into the <a href="/wiki/Confederation_of_the_Rhine" title="Confederation of the Rhine">Confederation of the Rhine</a>. </p><p>The Napoleonic realm of Westphalia had its capital in <a href="/wiki/Kassel" title="Kassel">Kassel</a> (then: Cassel). Jérôme was married, as arranged by Napoleon before he was divorced from Elizabeth, to <a href="/wiki/Catharina_of_W%C3%BCrttemberg" title="Catharina of Württemberg">Princess Catharina of Württemberg</a>, the daughter of <a href="/wiki/Frederick_I_of_W%C3%BCrttemberg" title="Frederick I of Württemberg">Frederick I, King of Württemberg</a>. A marriage to a German princess was intended to boost the dynastic standing of the young French king. </p><p>When Jérôme and Catharina arrived in Kassel, they found the palaces in a plundered state. As such, they placed orders for an array of stately furniture and expensive silverware with leading Parisian manufacturers. Local artisans, eager for commissions, oriented themselves with these French models. The king also intended to refurbish his capital architecturally, and the court theatre ranks among the small number of projects realised. Jérôme had it designed by <a href="/wiki/Leo_von_Klenze" title="Leo von Klenze">Leo von Klenze</a> and constructed next to the summer residence, previously known as "Wilhelmshöhe", which was changed to "Napoleonshöhe". To emphasize his rank as a ruler, and pander to his own ego, Jérôme commissioned grandiose state portraits of himself and his spouse, Queen Catharina. Other paintings were to celebrate his military exploits, with many of France's most prominent painters taken into his employ. His careless spending continued and stripped the treasury of its funds, putting the new kingdom into debt. This reckless disregard for finances would continue for the rest of his life. </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mariage_de_J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Bonaparte_et_de_Catherine_de_Wurtemberg.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Mariage_de_J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Bonaparte_et_de_Catherine_de_Wurtemberg.jpg/280px-Mariage_de_J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Bonaparte_et_de_Catherine_de_Wurtemberg.jpg" decoding="async" width="280" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Mariage_de_J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Bonaparte_et_de_Catherine_de_Wurtemberg.jpg/420px-Mariage_de_J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Bonaparte_et_de_Catherine_de_Wurtemberg.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Mariage_de_J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Bonaparte_et_de_Catherine_de_Wurtemberg.jpg/560px-Mariage_de_J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Bonaparte_et_de_Catherine_de_Wurtemberg.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1966" data-file-height="1216" /></a><figcaption>Jérôme Bonaparte and <a href="/wiki/Catharina_of_W%C3%BCrttemberg" title="Catharina of Württemberg">Princess Catharina of Württemberg</a> standing before Napoleon on 22 August 1807</figcaption></figure> <p>As a model state, the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Westphalia" title="Kingdom of Westphalia">Kingdom of Westphalia</a> was expected by Napoleon to serve as an example for the other German states. It received the first constitution and parliament to be found on German soil (decades before other parliaments, legislatures, reichstags, bundesrats, etc. such as in <a href="/wiki/Frankfurt" title="Frankfurt">Frankfurt</a> in 1848). Jérôme imported the <a href="/wiki/Empire_style" title="Empire style">Empire style</a> from Paris, bestowing the new state with a modern, representative appearance. The small kingdom thus received more attention since the famous <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Westphalia" class="mw-redirect" title="Treaty of Westphalia">Treaty of Westphalia</a>, which ended the <a href="/wiki/Thirty_Years%27_War" title="Thirty Years' War">Thirty Years' War</a> a hundred and sixty years earlier in 1648. Thanks to these efforts by King Jerome, Kassel celebrated an enormous cultural upturn. </p><p>However, Jérôme's expensive habits earned him the contempt of Napoleon and bankrupted his kingdom. His court incurred expenses comparable to Napoleon's court (which oversaw a vastly larger and more important realm), and Napoleon refused to support Jérôme financially.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1812, Jérôme was given command of a corps in the <i><a href="/wiki/Grande_Arm%C3%A9e" title="Grande Armée">Grande Armée</a></i>, marching towards <a href="/wiki/Minsk" title="Minsk">Minsk</a>. Jérôme Insisted on travelling "in state". Napoleon reprimanded Jerome for this, ordering him to leave his court and luxurious trappings behind. After the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mir_(1812)" title="Battle of Mir (1812)">Battle of Mir (1812)</a>, Jérome occupied <a href="/wiki/Mir_Castle" class="mw-redirect" title="Mir Castle">Mir Castle</a>. In pique at Napoleon's order, Jérôme returned with his entire court and train to Westphalia. As a result, tens of thousands of lives were most likely lost during the invasion of Russia.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the defeat in Russia during the following winter, Jerome petitioned Napoleon to allow his wife to go to Paris, fearing the advance of the Allied armies. On the second attempt, Napoleon granted permission. </p><p>Jérôme briefly re-entered the army in 1813, when his kingdom was being threatened from the east by the advancing allied <a href="/wiki/Prussia" title="Prussia">Prussian</a> and Russian armies during the <a href="/wiki/German_campaign_of_1813" title="German campaign of 1813">German campaign of 1813</a>. He led a small force to challenge their attempt at liberation. Following a clash with an enemy detachment, he made camp with his army, hoping for reinforcements from the French army in the west. However, before reinforcements arrived, the main allied force liberated the capital, Kassel. The Kingdom of Westphalia was declared dissolved, and Jérôme's kingship ended. He then fled to join his wife, the former queen, in France. After Napoleon's final defeat in 1815 during the <a href="/wiki/War_of_the_Seventh_Coalition" class="mw-redirect" title="War of the Seventh Coalition">War of the Seventh Coalition</a>, the Allies would reorganize the former Westphalian territories along with the rest of the German states into a <a href="/wiki/German_Confederation" title="German Confederation">German Confederation</a> with Austrian leadership. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="The_Hundred_Days">The Hundred Days</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Bonaparte&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: The Hundred Days"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During the <a href="/wiki/Hundred_Days" title="Hundred Days">Hundred Days</a>, Napoleon placed Jérôme in command of the 6th Division of the II Corps under General <a href="/wiki/Honor%C3%A9_Charles_Reille" title="Honoré Charles Reille">Honoré Charles Reille</a>. At <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Waterloo" title="Battle of Waterloo">Waterloo</a>, Jérôme's division was to make an initial attack on <a href="/wiki/Hougoumont" title="Hougoumont">Hougoumont</a>. It is said that Napoleon wished to draw in the <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Wellesley,_1st_Duke_of_Wellington" title="Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington">Duke of Wellington</a>'s reserves. Whatever the intent, Jérôme was allowed to enlarge the assault such that his division became completely engaged attempting to take Hougoumont to the exclusion of any other possible deployment, without significantly weakening Wellington's centre. The episode became another in the long line of his military failures. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Later_years">Later years</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Bonaparte&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Later years"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jerome_bonaparte.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Jerome_bonaparte.jpg/220px-Jerome_bonaparte.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="363" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Jerome_bonaparte.jpg/330px-Jerome_bonaparte.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Jerome_bonaparte.jpg/440px-Jerome_bonaparte.jpg 2x" data-file-width="493" data-file-height="813" /></a><figcaption>Bonaparte photographed in the 1850s by <a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9-Adolphe-Eug%C3%A8ne_Disd%C3%A9ri" title="André-Adolphe-Eugène Disdéri">Disdéri</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Although Catharina was aware of Jérôme's womanizing and many affairs, she remained true to her husband. They had two sons, <a href="/wiki/J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Napol%C3%A9on_Charles_Bonaparte" title="Jérôme Napoléon Charles Bonaparte">Prince Jérôme Napoléon Charles Bonaparte</a> (1814–1847) and <a href="/wiki/Prince_Napol%C3%A9on_Bonaparte" class="mw-redirect" title="Prince Napoléon Bonaparte">Prince Napoléon Bonaparte</a> (1822–1891), also known as "Prince Napoleon" or "Plon-Plon". Their second child was a daughter, Princess <a href="/wiki/Mathilde_Bonaparte" title="Mathilde Bonaparte">Mathilde Bonaparte</a>, who was a prominent hostess during and after the <a href="/wiki/Second_French_Empire" title="Second French Empire">Second French Empire</a> of <a href="/wiki/Napoleon_III" title="Napoleon III">Napoleon III</a> (1852–70). </p><p>After the dissolution of his kingdom, Jérôme was given the title of "Prince of <a href="/wiki/Counts_of_Montfort_(Swabia)" title="Counts of Montfort (Swabia)">Montfort</a>" (French: <a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prince_de_Montfort" class="extiw" title="fr:Prince de Montfort"><i>prince de Montfort</i></a>)<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> by his father-in-law, <a href="/wiki/Frederick_I_of_W%C3%BCrttemberg" title="Frederick I of Württemberg">King Frederick I of Württemberg</a>, in July 1816.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Previously, King Frederick had forced Jérôme and his wife to leave the country in 1814. During their exile, they visited the United States (his second time there). Jérôme later returned to France and joined Napoleon during an attempt to restore the Empire during the "Hundred Days". </p><p>Later, Jérôme moved to Italy, where he married his third wife, <a href="/wiki/Justine_Bartolini-Baldelli" title="Justine Bartolini-Baldelli">Giustina Pecori-Suárez</a>. She was the widow of an Italian <a href="/wiki/Marquess" title="Marquess">Marquess</a>, Luigi Bartolini-Baldelli and his mistress during his second marriage. </p><p>In 1848, his nephew, <a href="/wiki/Napoleon_III" title="Napoleon III">Prince Louis Napoleon</a>, became President of the second French Republic. Jérôme was made <a href="/wiki/Governor_(Les_Invalides,_France)" title="Governor (Les Invalides, France)">Governor</a> of <a href="/wiki/Les_Invalides" title="Les Invalides">Les Invalides</a> in Paris, which was the burial place of Napoleon I--a position which provided a large salary for little work due to his debts and his complete lack of success at previous leadership endeavours. When Louis Napoleon became emperor as Napoleon III, Jérôme was recognized as the <a href="/wiki/Heir_presumptive" title="Heir presumptive">heir presumptive</a> to the re-established imperial throne until the birth of <a href="/wiki/Napol%C3%A9on_Eug%C3%A8ne,_Prince_Imperial" class="mw-redirect" title="Napoléon Eugène, Prince Imperial">Napoléon Eugène, Prince Imperial</a>. Jérôme was named a <a href="/wiki/Marshal_of_France" title="Marshal of France">Marshal of France</a> in 1850, served as President of the <a href="/wiki/French_Senate" class="mw-redirect" title="French Senate">Senate</a> (the upper house in the French Republic's parliament, compared with the lower house of the <a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(France)" title="National Assembly (France)">National Assembly</a>) in 1852, and received the title of <i>"Prince Français"</i>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tombe_Jerome_Bonaparte.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Tombe_Jerome_Bonaparte.jpg/220px-Tombe_Jerome_Bonaparte.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Tombe_Jerome_Bonaparte.jpg/330px-Tombe_Jerome_Bonaparte.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Tombe_Jerome_Bonaparte.jpg/440px-Tombe_Jerome_Bonaparte.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2100" data-file-height="2100" /></a><figcaption>Tomb of Jérôme Bonaparte at <a href="/wiki/Les_Invalides" title="Les Invalides">Les Invalides</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Jérôme Bonaparte died on 24 June 1860, at Villegenis, France (today known as <a href="/wiki/Massy,_Essonne" title="Massy, Essonne">Massy</a> in <a href="/wiki/Essonne" title="Essonne">Essonne</a>). He is buried in <a href="/wiki/Les_Invalides" title="Les Invalides">Les Invalides</a>. </p><p>His grandson, <a href="/wiki/Charles_Joseph_Bonaparte" title="Charles Joseph Bonaparte">Charles Joseph Bonaparte</a> (son of <a href="/wiki/J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Napol%C3%A9on_Bonaparte" title="Jérôme Napoléon Bonaparte">Jerome "Bo" Napoleon Bonaparte</a>, 1805–1870), served as <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Navy" title="United States Secretary of the Navy">United States Secretary of the Navy</a> and <a href="/wiki/United_States_Attorney_General" title="United States Attorney General">United States Attorney General</a> in President <a href="/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt" title="Theodore Roosevelt">Theodore Roosevelt</a>'s administration, 1901–1909, and addressed the Supreme Court over 500 times. In 1908, he established a Bureau of Investigation within the 38-year-old <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Justice" title="United States Department of Justice">Department of Justice</a>. The bureau grew under director <a href="/wiki/J._Edgar_Hoover" title="J. Edgar Hoover">J. Edgar Hoover</a> and was renamed the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation" title="Federal Bureau of Investigation">Federal Bureau of Investigation</a> (<a href="/wiki/Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation" title="Federal Bureau of Investigation">F.B.I</a>) in 1935. </p><p>Another grandson was <a href="/wiki/Jerome_Napoleon_Bonaparte_II" title="Jerome Napoleon Bonaparte II">Jerome Napoleon Bonaparte II</a>, (1829–1893). In the early 1850s, he graduated from the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Military_Academy" title="United States Military Academy">United States Military Academy</a> at <a href="/wiki/West_Point,_New_York" title="West Point, New York">West Point</a>, was commissioned an officer in the United States Army, and served with the Mounted Rifles in <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> on the American southwestern frontier. He eventually resigned his commission and joined the forces of his cousin, the Emperor <a href="/wiki/Napoleon_III" title="Napoleon III">Napoleon III</a> in his second French Empire. </p><p>Among Jérôme Bonaparte's illegitimate children was Baroness Jenny von Gustedt, born as Jeromée Catharina Rabe von Pappenheim (1811–1890). She became the grandmother of the German Socialist and Feminist writer <a href="/wiki/Lily_Braun" title="Lily Braun">Lily Braun</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_fiction_and_popular_culture">In fiction and popular culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Bonaparte&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: In fiction and popular culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The 1923 German comedy film <i><a href="/wiki/The_Little_Napoleon" title="The Little Napoleon">The Little Napoleon</a></i> is loosely based around his life. He is played by <a href="/wiki/Paul_Heidemann" title="Paul Heidemann">Paul Heidemann</a>. </p><p>In the <i><a href="/wiki/Hornblower_(TV_series)" title="Hornblower (TV series)">Hornblower</a></i> television series, he was portrayed by British actor <a href="/wiki/David_Birkin" title="David Birkin">David Birkin</a>. The last episode (<i>Duty</i>) introduces Jérôme and Elizabeth ('Betsy'). Adrift in an open boat, they are picked up by Captain Hornblower's ship; Jérôme poses as a harmless Swiss citizen, but Hornblower identifies him. After many diplomatic manoeuvres, the British government decides that Jérôme is of no political importance after all, and he is allowed to return to France while Elizabeth is put aboard a passing American ship. </p><p>Jerome and Betsy's marriage is portrayed in the historical novel "The Ambitious Madame Bonaparte" by Ruth Hull Chatlien, published in 2013. </p><p>In the 1936 film <i><a href="/wiki/Hearts_Divided" title="Hearts Divided">Hearts Divided</a></i>, Jerome was portrayed by <a href="/wiki/Dick_Powell" title="Dick Powell">Dick Powell</a>. <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Patterson_Bonaparte" title="Elizabeth Patterson Bonaparte">Elizabeth Patterson</a> was played by <a href="/wiki/Marion_Davies" title="Marion Davies">Marion Davies</a>, with <a href="/wiki/Claude_Rains" title="Claude Rains">Claude Rains</a> as <a href="/wiki/Napoleon" title="Napoleon">Napoleon</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Family">Family</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Bonaparte&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Family"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Descendants of Jérôme Bonaparte and Elizabeth Patterson </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Napol%C3%A9on_Bonaparte" title="Jérôme Napoléon Bonaparte">Jérôme Napoléon Bonaparte</a> (1805–1870) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jerome_Napoleon_Bonaparte_II" title="Jerome Napoleon Bonaparte II">Jerome Napoleon Bonaparte II</a> (1830–1893) <ul><li>Louise-Eugénie Bonaparte (1873–1923)</li> <li>Jerome Napoleon Charles Bonaparte (1878–1945)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Joseph_Bonaparte" title="Charles Joseph Bonaparte">Charles Joseph Bonaparte</a> (1851–1921)</li></ul></li></ul> <p>Descendants of Jérôme Bonaparte and Catharina of Württemberg </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Napol%C3%A9on_Charles_Bonaparte" title="Jérôme Napoléon Charles Bonaparte">Jérôme Napoléon Charles Bonaparte</a> (1814–1847)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mathilde_Bonaparte" title="Mathilde Bonaparte">Mathilde Bonaparte</a> (1820–1904), married <a href="/wiki/Anatoly_Nikolaievich_Demidov,_1st_Prince_of_San_Donato" class="mw-redirect" title="Anatoly Nikolaievich Demidov, 1st Prince of San Donato">Anatole Demidoff, 1st Prince of San Donato</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Napol%C3%A9on-J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Bonaparte" title="Prince Napoléon-Jérôme Bonaparte">Napoléon-Jérôme Bonaparte</a> (1822–1891), married <a href="/wiki/Princess_Maria_Clotilde_of_Savoy" title="Princess Maria Clotilde of Savoy">Princess Maria Clotilde of Savoy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Napol%C3%A9on_Victor_Bonaparte" class="mw-redirect" title="Napoléon Victor Bonaparte">Napoléon Victor Bonaparte</a> (1862–1926), married <a href="/wiki/Princess_Cl%C3%A9mentine_of_Belgium" title="Princess Clémentine of Belgium">Princess Clémentine of Belgium</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marie_Clotilde_Bonaparte" title="Marie Clotilde Bonaparte">Clotilde Bonaparte</a> (1912–1996), married Count Serge de Witt</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Jerome_Victor_Emmanuel_Leopold_Marie_Bonaparte" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis Jerome Victor Emmanuel Leopold Marie Bonaparte">Louis Bonaparte</a> (1914–1997), married <a href="/wiki/Alix_de_Foresta" class="mw-redirect" title="Alix de Foresta">Alix de Foresta</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Marie_J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Victor_Napol%C3%A9on_Bonaparte" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles Marie Jérôme Victor Napoléon Bonaparte">Charles Bonaparte</a> (1950–), married <a href="/wiki/Princess_B%C3%A9atrice_of_Bourbon-Two_Sicilies" title="Princess Béatrice of Bourbon-Two Sicilies">Princess Béatrice of Bourbon-Two Sicilies</a>, Jeanne-Françoise Valliccioni <ul><li>Caroline Napoléon Bonaparte (1980–)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Christophe_Napol%C3%A9on" class="mw-redirect" title="Jean-Christophe Napoléon">Jean-Christophe Napoléon Bonaparte</a> (1986–), married <a href="/wiki/Olympia,_Princess_Napol%C3%A9on" title="Olympia, Princess Napoléon">Olympia von und zu Arco-Zinneberg</a> <ul><li>Louis Charles Napoléon Bonaparte (2022–)</li></ul></li> <li>Sophie Cathérine Bonaparte (1992–)</li></ul></li> <li>Catherine Bonaparte (1950–), married 1stly Marquis Nicola di San Germano (div), 2ndly Jean Dualé</li> <li>Laura Bonaparte (1952–), married Jean-Claude Leconte</li> <li>Jérôme Xavier Bonaparte (1957–)</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Napol%C3%A9on_Louis_Joseph_J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Bonaparte" class="mw-redirect" title="Napoléon Louis Joseph Jérôme Bonaparte">Napoléon Louis Joseph Jérôme Bonaparte</a> (1864–1932)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Letizia_Bonaparte" class="mw-redirect" title="Maria Letizia Bonaparte">Maria Letizia Bonaparte</a> (1866–1926), married <a href="/wiki/Amedeo,_1st_Duke_of_Aosta" class="mw-redirect" title="Amedeo, 1st Duke of Aosta">Amedeo, 1st Duke of Aosta</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Honours">Honours</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Bonaparte&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Honours"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-weight: normal; background-color: #DEDEDE;"><span style="font-size:80%">Styles of</span><br /><b><span class="fn">Jérôme I of Westphalia</span></b></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Grandes_Armes_J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Bonaparte_(1784-1860)_2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Grandes_Armes_J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Bonaparte_%281784-1860%29_2.svg/80px-Grandes_Armes_J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Bonaparte_%281784-1860%29_2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="92" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Grandes_Armes_J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Bonaparte_%281784-1860%29_2.svg/120px-Grandes_Armes_J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Bonaparte_%281784-1860%29_2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Grandes_Armes_J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Bonaparte_%281784-1860%29_2.svg/160px-Grandes_Armes_J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Bonaparte_%281784-1860%29_2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="458" data-file-height="528" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Style_(manner_of_address)" class="mw-redirect" title="Style (manner of address)">Reference style</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Majesty" title="Majesty">His Majesty</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" 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Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me+Bonaparte%22">"Jérôme Bonaparte"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me+Bonaparte%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me+Bonaparte%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me+Bonaparte%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me+Bonaparte%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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/></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Second_French_Empire" title="Second French Empire">Second French Empire</a>: Baton of <a href="/wiki/Marshal_of_France" title="Marshal of France">Maréchal de France</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span>Second French Empire: <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9daille_militaire" title="Médaille militaire">Médaille militaire</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span>Second French Empire: Grand Croix of the <a href="/wiki/Legion_of_Honour" title="Legion of Honour">Legion of Honour</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/First_French_Empire" title="First French Empire">First French Empire</a>: Grand Croix of the <a href="/wiki/Legion_of_Honour" title="Legion of Honour">Legion of Honour</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span>First French Empire: Grand Croix of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Iron_Crown" class="mw-redirect" title="Order of the Iron Crown">Order of the Iron Crown</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span>First French Empire: Grand Croix of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Reunion" title="Order of the Reunion">Order of the Reunion</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a>: Grand Croix of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Union" title="Order of the Union">Order of the Union</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Westphalia.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Westphalia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Westphalia.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Westphalia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Westphalia.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Westphalia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Westphalia" title="Kingdom of Westphalia">Westphalia</a>: Grand Master and Grand Croix of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Crown_of_Westphalia" title="Order of the Crown of Westphalia">Order of the Crown of Westphalia</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a>: Grand Cordon of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Leopold_(Belgium)" title="Order of Leopold (Belgium)">Order of Leopold</a>, <i>9 June 1855</i><sup id="cite_ref-Veldekens1858_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Veldekens1858-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flagge_K%C3%B6nigreich_W%C3%BCrttemberg.svg/23px-Flagge_K%C3%B6nigreich_W%C3%BCrttemberg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flagge_K%C3%B6nigreich_W%C3%BCrttemberg.svg/35px-Flagge_K%C3%B6nigreich_W%C3%BCrttemberg.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flagge_K%C3%B6nigreich_W%C3%BCrttemberg.svg/46px-Flagge_K%C3%B6nigreich_W%C3%BCrttemberg.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_W%C3%BCrttemberg" title="Kingdom of Württemberg">Württemberg</a>: <a href="/wiki/Military_Merit_Order_(W%C3%BCrttemberg)" title="Military Merit Order (Württemberg)">Grand Cross of the Military Merit Order</a>, <i>18 January 1807</i><sup id="cite_ref-Württemberg1858_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Württemberg1858-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flagge_K%C3%B6nigreich_W%C3%BCrttemberg.svg/23px-Flagge_K%C3%B6nigreich_W%C3%BCrttemberg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flagge_K%C3%B6nigreich_W%C3%BCrttemberg.svg/35px-Flagge_K%C3%B6nigreich_W%C3%BCrttemberg.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flagge_K%C3%B6nigreich_W%C3%BCrttemberg.svg/46px-Flagge_K%C3%B6nigreich_W%C3%BCrttemberg.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </span>Württemberg: <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Crown_(W%C3%BCrttemberg)" title="Order of the Crown (Württemberg)">Grand Cross of the Order of the Württemberg Crown</a><sup id="cite_ref-Württemberg1831_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Württemberg1831-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Flagge_Gro%C3%9Fherzogtum_Hessen_ohne_Wappen.svg/19px-Flagge_Gro%C3%9Fherzogtum_Hessen_ohne_Wappen.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Flagge_Gro%C3%9Fherzogtum_Hessen_ohne_Wappen.svg/29px-Flagge_Gro%C3%9Fherzogtum_Hessen_ohne_Wappen.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Flagge_Gro%C3%9Fherzogtum_Hessen_ohne_Wappen.svg/38px-Flagge_Gro%C3%9Fherzogtum_Hessen_ohne_Wappen.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Grand_Duchy_of_Hesse" title="Grand Duchy of Hesse">Grand Duchy of Hesse</a>: <a href="/wiki/Ludwig_Order" title="Ludwig Order">Grand Cross of the Ludwig Order</a>, <i>August 1810</i><sup id="cite_ref-Hessen-Darmstadt1854_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hessen-Darmstadt1854-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Flagge_K%C3%B6nigreich_Sachsen_%281815-1918%29.svg/23px-Flagge_K%C3%B6nigreich_Sachsen_%281815-1918%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Flagge_K%C3%B6nigreich_Sachsen_%281815-1918%29.svg/35px-Flagge_K%C3%B6nigreich_Sachsen_%281815-1918%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Flagge_K%C3%B6nigreich_Sachsen_%281815-1918%29.svg/45px-Flagge_K%C3%B6nigreich_Sachsen_%281815-1918%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Saxony" title="Kingdom of Saxony">Kingdom of Saxony</a>: Knight of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Rue_Crown" title="Order of the Rue Crown">Order of the Rue Crown</a>, <i>1807</i><sup id="cite_ref-Sachsen1857_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sachsen1857-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/20px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/31px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/40px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark">Denmark</a>: Knight of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Elephant" title="Order of the Elephant">Order of the Elephant</a>, <i>22 March 1811</i><sup id="cite_ref-Berlien1846_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Berlien1846-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Italy_%281861%E2%80%931946%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861%E2%80%931946%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Italy_%281861%E2%80%931946%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861%E2%80%931946%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Italy_%281861%E2%80%931946%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861%E2%80%931946%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Sardinia_(1720%E2%80%931861)" title="Kingdom of Sardinia (1720–1861)">Sardinia</a>: Knight of the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Order_of_the_Most_Holy_Annunciation" title="Supreme Order of the Most Holy Annunciation">Order of the Annunciation</a>, <i>29 November 1855</i><sup id="cite_ref-Cibrario1869_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cibrario1869-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Bonaparte&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Bonaparte" title="House of Bonaparte">House of Bonaparte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Westphalia" title="Kingdom of Westphalia">Kingdom of Westphalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_works_by_Eug%C3%A8ne_Guillaume" title="List of works by Eugène Guillaume">List of works by Eugène Guillaume</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Bonaparte&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=KoY3AAAAYAAJ&q=%22prince+de+Montfort%22&pg=PA208"><i>Gentleman's Magazine and Historical Review</i></a>. London: Henry & Parker. 1860. p. 208. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240227152049/https://books.google.com/books?id=KoY3AAAAYAAJ&q=%22prince+de+Montfort%22&pg=PA208#v=snippet&q=%22prince%20de%20Montfort%22&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on 27 February 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 November</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Gentleman%27s+Magazine+and+Historical+Review&rft.place=London&rft.pages=208&rft.pub=Henry+%26+Parker&rft.date=1860&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DKoY3AAAAYAAJ%26q%3D%2522prince%2Bde%2BMontfort%2522%26pg%3DPA208&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJ%C3%A9r%C3%B4me+Bonaparte" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTaxile_Delord1869" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Taxile Delord (1869). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/histoiredusecond05delo"><i>Histoire du Second Empire (1848–1869)</i></a> (in French). Paris: G. Baillière. <q>Jérôme Bonaparte second empire.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Histoire+du+Second+Empire+%281848%E2%80%931869%29&rft.place=Paris&rft.pub=G.+Bailli%C3%A8re&rft.date=1869&rft.au=Taxile+Delord&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhistoiredusecond05delo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJ%C3%A9r%C3%B4me+Bonaparte" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Connelly, 1964.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Burn, 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchom1993" class="citation book cs1">Schom, Alan (28 October 1993). "The Brothers Bonaparte". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://academic.oup.com/book/27615/chapter/197682739"><i>One Hundred Days: Napoleon's Road to Waterloo</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Facprof%3Aoso%2F9780195081770.003.0004">10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195081770.003.0004</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-508177-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-508177-0"><bdi>978-0-19-508177-0</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240227152052/https://academic.oup.com/book/27615/chapter-abstract/197682739?redirectedFrom=fulltext">Archived</a> from the original on 27 February 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 October</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Brothers+Bonaparte&rft.btitle=One+Hundred+Days%3A+Napoleon%27s+Road+to+Waterloo&rft.date=1993-10-28&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Facprof%3Aoso%2F9780195081770.003.0004&rft.isbn=978-0-19-508177-0&rft.aulast=Schom&rft.aufirst=Alan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Facademic.oup.com%2Fbook%2F27615%2Fchapter%2F197682739&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJ%C3%A9r%C3%B4me+Bonaparte" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">|website=</code> ignored (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#periodical_ignored" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/30099623">IV Irish Links with Napoleon</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201024050936/https://www.jstor.org/stable/30099623">Archived</a> 24 October 2020 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> By Dr. Richard Hayes, Studies: An Irish Quarterly Review, Vol. 35, No. 137 (Mar., 1946), pp. 63–74 (12 pages), Messenger Publications.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Burn, 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>"La Grande Armée"</i> by Georges Blond, translated by Marshall May, p. 303</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Burn, 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrant,_Donald1966" class="citation book cs1">Grant, Donald (1966). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=rd4JAQAAIAAJ&q=%22Prince+of+montfort%22"><i>The House of Bonaparte, 1640-1965</i></a>. p. 10. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240227152051/https://books.google.com/books?id=rd4JAQAAIAAJ&q=%22Prince+of+montfort%22">Archived</a> from the original on 27 February 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 November</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+House+of+Bonaparte%2C+1640-1965&rft.pages=10&rft.date=1966&rft.au=Grant%2C+Donald&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Drd4JAQAAIAAJ%26q%3D%2522Prince%2Bof%2Bmontfort%2522&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJ%C3%A9r%C3%B4me+Bonaparte" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAntoine-Vincent_ArnaultAntoine_JayÉtienne_de_JouyJacques_Marquet_de_Norvins1821" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Antoine-Vincent Arnault; Antoine Jay; Étienne de Jouy; Jacques Marquet de Norvins (1821). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-y3QNq-r-BIC&q=%22prince+de+Montfort%22&pg=PA240-IA9"><i>Biographie nouvelle des contemporains</i></a> (in French). Paris: Librairie historique. p. 239. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240227152058/https://books.google.com/books?id=-y3QNq-r-BIC&q=%22prince+de+Montfort%22&pg=PA240-IA9#v=snippet&q=%22prince%20de%20Montfort%22&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on 27 February 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 November</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Biographie+nouvelle+des+contemporains&rft.place=Paris&rft.pages=239&rft.pub=Librairie+historique&rft.date=1821&rft.au=Antoine-Vincent+Arnault&rft.au=Antoine+Jay&rft.au=%C3%89tienne+de+Jouy&rft.au=Jacques+Marquet+de+Norvins&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D-y3QNq-r-BIC%26q%3D%2522prince%2Bde%2BMontfort%2522%26pg%3DPA240-IA9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJ%C3%A9r%C3%B4me+Bonaparte" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Veldekens1858-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Veldekens1858_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFerdinand_Veldekens1858" class="citation book cs1">Ferdinand Veldekens (1858). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=_6lAAAAAcAAJ&pg=PP11"><i>Le livre d'or de l'ordre de Léopold et de la croix de fer</i></a>. lelong. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=_6lAAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA187">187</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230709112242/https://books.google.com/books?id=_6lAAAAAcAAJ&pg=PP11">Archived</a> from the original on 9 July 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 December</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Le+livre+d%27or+de+l%27ordre+de+L%C3%A9opold+et+de+la+croix+de+fer&rft.pages=187&rft.pub=lelong&rft.date=1858&rft.au=Ferdinand+Veldekens&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D_6lAAAAAcAAJ%26pg%3DPP11&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJ%C3%A9r%C3%B4me+Bonaparte" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Württemberg1858-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Württemberg1858_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWürttemberg1858" class="citation book cs1">Württemberg (1858). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=AFwAAAAAcAAJ&pg=PR1"><i>Königlich-Württembergisches Hof- und Staats-Handbuch: 1858</i></a>. Guttenberg. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=AFwAAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA55">55</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240227152058/https://books.google.com/books?id=AFwAAAAAcAAJ&pg=PR1#v=onepage&q&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on 27 February 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 August</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=K%C3%B6niglich-W%C3%BCrttembergisches+Hof-+und+Staats-Handbuch%3A+1858&rft.pages=55&rft.pub=Guttenberg&rft.date=1858&rft.au=W%C3%BCrttemberg&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DAFwAAAAAcAAJ%26pg%3DPR1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJ%C3%A9r%C3%B4me+Bonaparte" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Württemberg1831-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Württemberg1831_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWürttemberg1831" class="citation book cs1">Württemberg (1831). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=blsAAAAAcAAJ"><i>Königlich-Württembergisches Hof- und Staats-Handbuch: 1831</i></a>. Guttenberg. p. 27. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221130164015/https://books.google.com/books?id=blsAAAAAcAAJ">Archived</a> from the original on 30 November 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 December</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=K%C3%B6niglich-W%C3%BCrttembergisches+Hof-+und+Staats-Handbuch%3A+1831&rft.pages=27&rft.pub=Guttenberg&rft.date=1831&rft.au=W%C3%BCrttemberg&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DblsAAAAAcAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJ%C3%A9r%C3%B4me+Bonaparte" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hessen-Darmstadt1854-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Hessen-Darmstadt1854_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHessen-Darmstadt1854" class="citation book cs1">Hessen-Darmstadt (1854). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=TPhSAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA6"><i>Hof- und Staatshandbuch des Großherzogtums Hessen: für das Jahr ... 1854</i></a>. Staatsverl. p. 6. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230506055503/https://books.google.com/books?id=TPhSAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA6">Archived</a> from the original on 6 May 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 December</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hof-+und+Staatshandbuch+des+Gro%C3%9Fherzogtums+Hessen%3A+f%C3%BCr+das+Jahr+...+1854&rft.pages=6&rft.pub=Staatsverl.&rft.date=1854&rft.au=Hessen-Darmstadt&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DTPhSAAAAcAAJ%26pg%3DPA6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJ%C3%A9r%C3%B4me+Bonaparte" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sachsen1857-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Sachsen1857_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSachsen1857" class="citation book cs1">Sachsen (1857). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=MRBTAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA3"><i>Staatshandbuch für den Freistaat Sachsen: 1857</i></a>. Heinrich. p. 3. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230415062329/https://books.google.com/books?id=MRBTAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA3">Archived</a> from the original on 15 April 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 December</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Staatshandbuch+f%C3%BCr+den+Freistaat+Sachsen%3A+1857&rft.pages=3&rft.pub=Heinrich&rft.date=1857&rft.au=Sachsen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DMRBTAAAAcAAJ%26pg%3DPA3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJ%C3%A9r%C3%B4me+Bonaparte" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Berlien1846-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Berlien1846_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJ_....._-H_....._-Fr_....._Berlien1846" class="citation book cs1">J ..... -H ..... -Fr ..... Berlien (1846). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_-BAZAAAAYAAJ"><i>Der Elephanten-Orden und seine Ritter</i></a>. Berling. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_-BAZAAAAYAAJ/page/n161/mode/2up">132</a>–134.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Der+Elephanten-Orden+und+seine+Ritter&rft.pages=132-134&rft.pub=Berling&rft.date=1846&rft.au=J+.....+-H+.....+-Fr+.....+Berlien&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbub_gb_-BAZAAAAYAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJ%C3%A9r%C3%B4me+Bonaparte" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cibrario1869-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Cibrario1869_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLuigi_Cibrario1869" class="citation book cs1">Luigi Cibrario (1869). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Q2aP6enNFoYC&pg=PA115"><i>Notizia storica del nobilissimo ordine supremo della santissima Annunziata. Sunto degli statuti, catalogo dei cavalieri</i></a>. Eredi Botta. p. 115. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230415123359/https://books.google.com/books?id=Q2aP6enNFoYC&pg=PA115">Archived</a> from the original on 15 April 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 December</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Notizia+storica+del+nobilissimo+ordine+supremo+della+santissima+Annunziata.+Sunto+degli+statuti%2C+catalogo+dei+cavalieri&rft.pages=115&rft.pub=Eredi+Botta&rft.date=1869&rft.au=Luigi+Cibrario&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQ2aP6enNFoYC%26pg%3DPA115&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJ%C3%A9r%C3%B4me+Bonaparte" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Bonaparte&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Connelly, Owen. "Jerome Bonaparte, King of Westphalia," <i>History Today</i> ( Sep 1964) 14#9 pp 627–633.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Max_Kircheisen" title="Friedrich Max Kircheisen">Kircheisen, F. M.</a> <i>Jovial King: Napoleon's Youngest Brother</i>, Elkin Mathews & Marrot, 1932.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Bonaparte&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Bonaparte" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Jérôme Bonaparte">Jérôme Bonaparte</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081014014558/http://www.histoire-empire.org/articles/jerome/biographie.htm">Online Biography of Jérôme Bonaparte (in French)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lwl.org/westfaelische-geschichte/portal/Internet/ku.php?tab=per&ID=565">Online Biography of Jérôme Bonaparte (in German)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070928031554/http://www.museum-kassel.de/lustik/englisch/index.php?intro=no">König Lustik!? Jérôme Bonaparte and the Model State Kingdom of Westphalia. State Exhibition of Hesse 2008. Museum Fridericianum Kassel / Germany</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Bonaparte, Jerome"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Appletons%27_Cyclop%C3%A6dia_of_American_Biography/Bonaparte,_Jerome">"Bonaparte, Jerome" </a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Appletons%27_Cyclop%C3%A6dia_of_American_Biography" title="Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography">Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography</a></i>. 1900.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Bonaparte%2C+Jerome&rft.btitle=Appletons%27+Cyclop%C3%A6dia+of+American+Biography&rft.date=1900&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJ%C3%A9r%C3%B4me+Bonaparte" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFD700; text-align:center;"><div>Jérôme Bonaparte </div><div><b><a href="/wiki/House_of_Bonaparte" title="House of Bonaparte">House of Bonaparte</a></b></div><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:90%; margin:2em"><b>Born:</b> 15 November 1784</span><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:90%; margin:2em"> <b>Died:</b> 24 June 1860</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ACE777;">Regnal titles </th></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b>New title</b> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Westphalia" title="Kingdom of Westphalia">King of Westphalia</a> </b><br />8 July 1807 – 26 October 1813 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;"><b>Kingdom dissolved </b> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #79DBFF;"><a href="/wiki/Pretender" title="Pretender">Titles in pretence</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;"><b>Kingdom dissolved </b> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><small><b>— TITULAR —</b></small><br /><i><b> <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Westphalia" title="Kingdom of Westphalia">King of Westphalia</a> </b></i><br />26 October 1813 – 24 June 1860<br /><span style="font-size: 90%;">Reason for succession failure:</span><br /><span style="font-size: 90%;"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Leipzig" title="Battle of Leipzig">Kingdom dissolved in 1813</a></span> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Prince_Napol%C3%A9on_Bonaparte" class="mw-redirect" title="Prince Napoléon Bonaparte">Napoléon-Jérôme</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #65BCFF"><a href="/wiki/List_of_French_monarchs" title="List of French monarchs">French royalty</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Robert,_Duke_of_Chartres" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert, Duke of Chartres">Robert, Duke of Chartres</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/List_of_heirs_to_the_French_throne" title="List of heirs to the French throne">Heir to the French Throne</a><br /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold"><i>as <a href="/wiki/Heir_presumptive" title="Heir presumptive">Heir presumptive</a></i></span> </b><br />18 December 1852 – 16 March 1856 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Louis_Napol%C3%A9on,_Prince_Imperial" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis Napoléon, Prince Imperial">Louis Napoléon, Prince Imperial</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div 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title="Napoleon">Napoleon</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><div><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Napoleonic_era" title="Napoleonic era">Napoleonic era</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Napoleonic_era" title="Timeline of the Napoleonic era">timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_French_Empire" title="First French Empire">First French Empire</a></li></ul> </div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Napoleonic_era" title="Timeline of the Napoleonic era">Life and career</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Napoleon%27s_stay_in_Auxonne&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Napoleon's stay in Auxonne (page does not exist)">Stay in Auxonne</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A9jour_de_Napol%C3%A9on_Bonaparte_%C3%A0_Auxonne" class="extiw" title="fr:Séjour de Napoléon Bonaparte à Auxonne">fr</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coup_of_18_Brumaire" title="Coup of 18 Brumaire">Coup of 18 Brumaire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Consulate" title="French Consulate">Consulate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assassination_attempts_on_Napoleon_Bonaparte" title="Assassination attempts on Napoleon Bonaparte">Assassination attempts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Le_souper_de_Beaucaire" title="Le souper de Beaucaire">Le souper de Beaucaire</a></li> <li>Constitutions <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Year_VIII" title="Constitution of the Year VIII">1799</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Year_X" title="Constitution of the Year X">1802</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Year_XII" title="Constitution of the Year XII">1804</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charter_of_1815" title="Charter of 1815">1815</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Napoleonic_Wars" title="Napoleonic Wars">Napoleonic Wars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coronation_of_Napoleon" title="Coronation of Napoleon">Coronation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louisiana_Purchase" title="Louisiana Purchase">Sale of Louisiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Napoleon%27s_planned_invasion_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Napoleon's planned invasion of the United Kingdom">Planned invasion of the United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Napoleon_in_Holland" title="Napoleon in Holland">Holland</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mesures_usuelles" title="Mesures usuelles">Mesures usuelles</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Napoleonic_looting_of_art" title="Napoleonic looting of art">Looting of art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Napoleonic_tactics" title="Napoleonic tactics">Tactics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Napoleonic_weaponry_and_warfare" title="Napoleonic weaponry and warfare">Weaponry and warfare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Fontainebleau_(1814)" title="Treaty of Fontainebleau (1814)">1st abdication</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Elba" title="Principality of Elba">1st exile</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Route_Napol%C3%A9on" title="Route Napoléon">Route Napoléon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdication_of_Napoleon,_1815" class="mw-redirect" title="Abdication of Napoleon, 1815">2nd abdication</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Napoleon_I%27s_exile_to_St._Helena" title="Napoleon I's exile to St. Helena">2nd exile</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_of_Napoleon" class="mw-redirect" title="Death of Napoleon">Death</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mort_de_Napol%C3%A9on_Ier" class="extiw" title="fr:Mort de Napoléon Ier">fr</a>]</span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Death_mask_of_Napoleon" title="Death mask of Napoleon">mask</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:David_-_Napoleon_crossing_the_Alps_-_Malmaison1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/David_-_Napoleon_crossing_the_Alps_-_Malmaison1.jpg/120px-David_-_Napoleon_crossing_the_Alps_-_Malmaison1.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/David_-_Napoleon_crossing_the_Alps_-_Malmaison1.jpg/180px-David_-_Napoleon_crossing_the_Alps_-_Malmaison1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/David_-_Napoleon_crossing_the_Alps_-_Malmaison1.jpg/240px-David_-_Napoleon_crossing_the_Alps_-_Malmaison1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1169" data-file-height="1371" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Military_career_of_Napoleon" title="Military career of Napoleon">Battles and wars</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/French_Revolutionary_Wars" title="French Revolutionary Wars">French Revolutionary Wars</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Toulon_(1793)" title="Siege of Toulon (1793)">Siege of Toulon</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/French_Revolution" title="French Revolution">French Revolution</a></b></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/13_Vend%C3%A9miaire" title="13 Vendémiaire">13 Vendémiaire</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Lodi" title="Battle of Lodi">Battle of Lodi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bassano" title="Battle of Bassano">Battle of Bassano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Rivoli" title="Battle of Rivoli">Battle of Rivoli</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/French_campaign_in_Egypt_and_Syria" class="mw-redirect" title="French campaign in Egypt and Syria">French campaign in Egypt and Syria</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Pyramids" title="Battle of the Pyramids">Battle of the Pyramids</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Jaffa" title="Siege of Jaffa">Siege of Jaffa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Marengo" title="Battle of Marengo">Battle of Marengo</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/War_of_the_Third_Coalition" title="War of the Third Coalition">War of the Third Coalition</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Austerlitz" title="Battle of Austerlitz">Battle of Austerlitz</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/War_of_the_Fourth_Coalition" title="War of the Fourth Coalition">War of the Fourth Coalition</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Eylau" title="Battle of Eylau">Battle of Eylau</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/War_of_the_Fifth_Coalition" title="War of the Fifth Coalition">War of the Fifth Coalition</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Eckm%C3%BChl" title="Battle of Eckmühl">Battle of Eckmühl</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/French_invasion_of_Russia" title="French invasion of Russia">French invasion of Russia</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Borodino" title="Battle of Borodino">Battle of Borodino</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/War_of_the_Sixth_Coalition" title="War of the Sixth Coalition">War of the Sixth Coalition</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Leipzig" title="Battle of Leipzig">Battle of Leipzig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Vauchamps" title="Battle of Vauchamps">Battle of Vauchamps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Arcis-sur-Aube" title="Battle of Arcis-sur-Aube">Battle of Arcis-sur-Aube</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Hundred_Days" title="Hundred Days">Hundred Days</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ligny" title="Battle of Ligny">Battle of Ligny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Waterloo" title="Battle of Waterloo">Battle of Waterloo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Views</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Napoleon_and_the_Catholic_Church" title="Napoleon and the Catholic Church">Catholic Church</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Concordat_of_1801" title="Concordat of 1801">Concordat of 1801</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Napoleon_Tiara" title="Napoleon Tiara">Tiara</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Napoleon_and_the_Jews" title="Napoleon and the Jews">Jewish people</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Sanhedrin" title="Grand Sanhedrin">Grand Sanhedrin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infamous_Decree" title="Infamous Decree">Infamous Decree</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Napoleon_and_Protestants" title="Napoleon and Protestants">Protestants</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Organic_Articles" title="Organic Articles">Organic Articles</a></li></ul></li> <li>Slavery <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_20_May_1802" title="Law of 20 May 1802">Law of 20 May 1802</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Domingue_expedition" title="Saint-Domingue expedition">Saint-Domingue expedition</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Napoleon_and_women&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Napoleon and women (page does not exist)">Women</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Napol%C3%A9on_Ier_et_les_femmes" class="extiw" title="fr:Napoléon Ier et les femmes">fr</a>]</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Homes and honours</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arc_de_Triomphe" title="Arc de Triomphe">Arc de Triomphe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Column_of_the_Grande_Arm%C3%A9e" title="Column of the Grande Armée">Column of the Grande Armée</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Equestrian_statue_of_Napoleon" title="Equestrian statue of Napoleon">Equestrian statue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palace_of_Fontainebleau" title="Palace of Fontainebleau">Palace of Fontainebleau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Les_Invalides" title="Les Invalides">Les Invalides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longwood_House" title="Longwood House">Longwood House</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Maison_Bonaparte" title="Maison Bonaparte">Maison Bonaparte</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Napoleon_as_Mars_the_Peacemaker" title="Napoleon as Mars the Peacemaker">Napoleon as Mars the Peacemaker</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Napoleon_as_Mars_the_Peacemaker_(Milan)" title="Napoleon as Mars the Peacemaker (Milan)">Milan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_de_la_Victoire" title="Rue de la Victoire">Rue de la Victoire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Napoleon_Bonaparte_Monument_(Warsaw)" title="Napoleon Bonaparte Monument (Warsaw)">Warsaw monument</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Legacy_of_Napoleon" title="Legacy of Napoleon">Legacy and memory</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bank_of_France" title="Bank of France">Bank of France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bonapartism" title="Bonapartism">Bonapartism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_depictions_of_Napoleon" title="Cultural depictions of Napoleon">Cultural depictions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Napoleon_complex" title="Napoleon complex">Napoleon complex</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_is_a_sleeping_giant" title="China is a sleeping giant">"China is a sleeping giant" quote</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_Romanticism" title="German Romanticism">German Romanticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Napoleonic_Code" title="Napoleonic Code">Napoleonic Code</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Napoleonic_propaganda" title="Napoleonic propaganda">Propaganda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Napoleon%27s_tomb" title="Napoleon's tomb">Tomb</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Retour_des_cendres" title="Retour des cendres">Retour des cendres</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Napoleon%27s_penis" title="Napoleon's penis">Penis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Napoleonic_studies" title="Napoleonic studies">Studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symphony_No._3_(Beethoven)" title="Symphony No. 3 (Beethoven)">Symphony No. 3 (Beethoven)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Bonaparte" title="House of Bonaparte">Family</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9phine_de_Beauharnais" title="Joséphine de Beauharnais">Joséphine de Beauharnais</a> (first wife)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marie_Louise,_Duchess_of_Parma" title="Marie Louise, Duchess of Parma">Marie Louise</a> (second wife)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_L%C3%A9on" title="Charles Léon">Charles Léon</a> (son)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandre_Walewski" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexandre Walewski">Alexandre Walewski</a> (son)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Napoleon_II" title="Napoleon II">Napoleon II</a> (son)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlo_Maria_Buonaparte" class="mw-redirect" title="Carlo Maria Buonaparte">Carlo Maria Buonaparte</a> (father)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Letizia_Ramolino" class="mw-redirect" title="Letizia Ramolino">Letizia Ramolino</a> (mother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Bonaparte" title="Joseph Bonaparte">Joseph Bonaparte</a> (brother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucien_Bonaparte" title="Lucien Bonaparte">Lucien Bonaparte</a> (brother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Bonaparte" title="Louis Bonaparte">Louis Bonaparte</a> (brother)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Jérôme Bonaparte</a> (brother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caroline_Bonaparte" title="Caroline Bonaparte">Caroline Bonaparte</a> (sister)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pauline_Bonaparte" title="Pauline Bonaparte">Pauline Bonaparte</a> (sister)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elisa_Bonaparte" title="Elisa Bonaparte">Elisa Bonaparte</a> (sister)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><div><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Napoleon" title="Category:Napoleon">Category</a> / <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:_Napoleon_I_of_France" class="extiw" title="commons:Category: Napoleon I of France">Commons</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Imperial_House_of_France_of_the_First_French_Empire254" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Imperial_House_of_France_(First_French_Empire)" title="Template:Imperial House of France (First French Empire)"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Imperial_House_of_France_(First_French_Empire)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Imperial House of France (First French Empire) (page does not exist)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Imperial_House_of_France_(First_French_Empire)" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Imperial House of France (First French Empire)"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Imperial_House_of_France_of_the_First_French_Empire254" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Imperial_House_of_France_(First_French_Empire)" title="Imperial House of France (First French Empire)">Imperial House of France</a> of the <a href="/wiki/First_French_Empire" title="First French Empire">First French Empire</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Emperor and immediate family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Napoleon" title="Napoleon">Napoleon, Emperor of the French</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9phine_de_Beauharnais" title="Joséphine de Beauharnais">Joséphine, Empress of the French</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marie_Louise,_Duchess_of_Parma" title="Marie Louise, Duchess of Parma">Marie Louise, Empress of the French</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Napoleon_II" title="Napoleon II">Napoleon, King of Rome</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Imperial_Coat_of_Arms_of_France_(1804-1815).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Imperial_Coat_of_Arms_of_France_%281804-1815%29.svg/100px-Imperial_Coat_of_Arms_of_France_%281804-1815%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="111" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Imperial_Coat_of_Arms_of_France_%281804-1815%29.svg/150px-Imperial_Coat_of_Arms_of_France_%281804-1815%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Imperial_Coat_of_Arms_of_France_%281804-1815%29.svg/200px-Imperial_Coat_of_Arms_of_France_%281804-1815%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="2229" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nobility_of_the_First_French_Empire" title="Nobility of the First French Empire">French Princes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Bonaparte" title="Joseph Bonaparte">Joseph Bonaparte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Bonaparte" title="Louis Bonaparte">Louis Bonaparte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joachim_Murat" title="Joachim Murat">Joachim Murat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eug%C3%A8ne_de_Beauharnais" title="Eugène de Beauharnais">Eugène de Beauharnais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elisa_Bonaparte" title="Elisa Bonaparte">Elisa Bonaparte</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Jérôme Bonaparte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Fesch" title="Joseph Fesch">Joseph Fesch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucien_Bonaparte" title="Lucien Bonaparte">Lucien Bonaparte</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div>Several family members held additional titles in <a href="/wiki/Vassal_state" title="Vassal state">vassal states</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Napoleonic_Wars20299" style=";wide;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Napoleonic_Wars" title="Template:Napoleonic Wars"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Napoleonic_Wars" title="Template talk:Napoleonic Wars"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Napoleonic_Wars" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Napoleonic Wars"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Napoleonic_Wars20299" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Napoleonic_Wars" title="Napoleonic Wars">Napoleonic Wars</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/War_of_the_Third_Coalition" title="War of the Third Coalition">Third Coalition</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/War_of_the_Fourth_Coalition" title="War of the Fourth Coalition">Fourth Coalition</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Peninsular_War" title="Peninsular War">Peninsular War</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/War_of_the_Fifth_Coalition" title="War of the Fifth Coalition">Fifth Coalition</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/French_invasion_of_Russia" title="French invasion of Russia">French Invasion of Russia</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/War_of_the_Sixth_Coalition" title="War of the Sixth Coalition">Sixth Coalition</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Hundred_Days" title="Hundred Days">Seventh Coalition</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Belli-<br />gerents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">France,<br /><a href="/wiki/Sister_republic" title="Sister republic">client states</a><br />and allies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_French_Empire" title="First French Empire">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_Legions_(Napoleonic_era)" title="Polish Legions (Napoleonic era)">Polish Legions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy_(Napoleonic)" title="Kingdom of Italy (Napoleonic)">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Holland" title="Kingdom of Holland">Holland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Etruria" title="Kingdom of Etruria">Etruria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Switzerland_in_the_Napoleonic_era#Act_of_Mediation" title="Switzerland in the Napoleonic era">Swiss Confederation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Naples#Napoleonic_Kingdom_of_Naples" title="Kingdom of Naples">Naples</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Confederation_of_the_Rhine" title="Confederation of the Rhine">Confederation of the Rhine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Bavaria" title="Kingdom of Bavaria">Bavaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Saxony#The_Napoleonic_Era_and_the_German_Confederation" title="Kingdom of Saxony">Saxony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Westphalia" title="Kingdom of Westphalia">Westphalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_W%C3%BCrttemberg" title="Kingdom of Württemberg">Württemberg</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denmark%E2%80%93Norway" title="Denmark–Norway">Denmark–Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qajar_dynasty" title="Qajar dynasty">Persia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spain_under_Joseph_Bonaparte" title="Spain under Joseph Bonaparte">Spain</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Coalition_forces_of_the_Napoleonic_Wars" title="Coalition forces of the Napoleonic Wars">Coalition<br />forces</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_of_Great_Britain_and_Ireland" title="United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austrian_Empire" title="Austrian Empire">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Prussia" title="Kingdom of Prussia">Prussia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Empire" title="Spanish Empire">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Empire" title="Portuguese Empire">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Sicily" title="Kingdom of Sicily">Sicily</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_States" title="Papal States">Papal States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qajar_dynasty" title="Qajar dynasty">Persia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Sardinia_(1720%E2%80%931861)" title="Kingdom of Sardinia (1720–1861)">Sardinia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweden#Swedish_Empire" title="Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_of_the_Netherlands" title="United Kingdom of the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Brunswick" title="Duchy of Brunswick">Brunswick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electorate_of_Hanover" title="Electorate of Hanover">Hanover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Nassau#Duchy_of_Nassau" title="Duchy of Nassau">Nassau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Bourbon" title="House of Bourbon">French Royalists</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Major<br />battles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/French_Revolutionary_Wars" title="French Revolutionary Wars">Prelude</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/French_Revolution" title="French Revolution">French Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_of_the_First_Coalition" title="War of the First Coalition">First Coalition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_of_the_Second_Coalition" title="War of the Second Coalition">Second Coalition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coup_of_18_Brumaire" title="Coup of 18 Brumaire">18 Brumaire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Napoleon%27s_planned_invasion_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Napoleon's planned invasion of the United Kingdom">Planned invasion of the United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Antoine,_Duke_of_Enghien" title="Louis Antoine, Duke of Enghien">Duc d'Enghien Execution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coronation_of_Napoleon" title="Coronation of Napoleon">Coronation of Napoleon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">1805</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Diamond_Rock" title="Battle of Diamond Rock">Diamond Rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Cape_Finisterre_(1805)" title="Battle of Cape Finisterre (1805)">Cape Finisterre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Wertingen" title="Battle of Wertingen">Wertingen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_G%C3%BCnzburg" title="Battle of Günzburg">Günzburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Haslach-Jungingen" title="Battle of Haslach-Jungingen">Haslach-Jungingen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Elchingen" title="Battle of Elchingen">Elchingen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ulm" title="Battle of Ulm">Ulm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Verona_(1805)" title="Battle of Verona (1805)">Verona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Trafalgar" title="Battle of Trafalgar">Trafalgar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Caldiero_(1805)" title="Battle of Caldiero (1805)">Caldiero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Cape_Ortegal" title="Battle of Cape Ortegal">Cape Ortegal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Amstetten" title="Battle of Amstetten">Amstetten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_D%C3%BCrenstein" title="Battle of Dürenstein">Dürenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sch%C3%B6ngrabern" title="Battle of Schöngrabern">Schöngrabern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Austerlitz" title="Battle of Austerlitz">Austerlitz</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">1806</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Gaeta_(1806)" title="Siege of Gaeta (1806)">Gaeta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Campo_Tenese" title="Battle of Campo Tenese">Campo Tenese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Maida" title="Battle of Maida">Maida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Schleiz" title="Battle of Schleiz">Schleiz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Saalfeld" title="Battle of Saalfeld">Saalfeld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Jena%E2%80%93Auerstedt" title="Battle of Jena–Auerstedt">Jena–Auerstedt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capitulation_of_Erfurt" title="Capitulation of Erfurt">Erfurt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Halle" title="Battle of Halle">Halle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Magdeburg_(1806)" title="Siege of Magdeburg (1806)">Magdeburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Prenzlau" title="Battle of Prenzlau">Prenzlau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capitulation_of_Pasewalk" title="Capitulation of Pasewalk">Pasewalk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capitulation_of_Stettin" title="Capitulation of Stettin">Stettin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Waren-Nossentin" title="Battle of Waren-Nossentin">Waren-Nossentin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_L%C3%BCbeck" title="Battle of Lübeck">Lübeck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Poland_uprising_(1806)" title="Greater Poland uprising (1806)">Greater Poland uprising</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Hamelin" title="Siege of Hamelin">Hamelin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Czarnowo" title="Battle of Czarnowo">Czarnowo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Golymin" title="Battle of Golymin">Golymin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Pu%C5%82tusk_(1806)" title="Battle of Pułtusk (1806)">Pułtusk</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">1807</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mohrungen" title="Battle of Mohrungen">Mohrungen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Eylau" title="Battle of Eylau">Eylau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ostro%C5%82%C4%99ka_(1807)" title="Battle of Ostrołęka (1807)">Ostrołęka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Kolberg_(1807)" title="Siege of Kolberg (1807)">Kolberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Danzig_(1807)" title="Siege of Danzig (1807)">Danzig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Sortie_of_Stralsund" title="Great Sortie of Stralsund">Stralsund I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mileto" title="Battle of Mileto">Mileto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Guttstadt-Deppen" title="Battle of Guttstadt-Deppen">Guttstadt-Deppen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Heilsberg" title="Battle of Heilsberg">Heilsberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Friedland" title="Battle of Friedland">Friedland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Stralsund_(1807)" title="Siege of Stralsund (1807)">Stralsund II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Copenhagen_(1807)" title="Battle of Copenhagen (1807)">Copenhagen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Invasion_of_Portugal_(1807)" title="Invasion of Portugal (1807)">Invasion of Portugal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">1808</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dos_de_Mayo_Uprising" title="Dos de Mayo Uprising">Dos de Mayo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battles_of_El_Bruch" title="Battles of El Bruch">Bruch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_the_Rosily_Squadron" title="Capture of the Rosily Squadron">Rosily Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Cabez%C3%B3n" title="Battle of Cabezón">Cabezón</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Zaragoza_(1808)" title="Siege of Zaragoza (1808)">1st Zaragoza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Valencia_(1808)" title="Battle of Valencia (1808)">Valencia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Medina_de_Rioseco" title="Battle of Medina de Rioseco">Medina de Rioseco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bail%C3%A9n" title="Battle of Bailén">Bailén</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Roli%C3%A7a" title="Battle of Roliça">Roliça</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Vimeiro" title="Battle of Vimeiro">Vimeiro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Zornoza" title="Battle of Zornoza">Zornoza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Valmaseda" title="Battle of Valmaseda">Valmaseda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Burgos" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Burgos">Burgos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Espinosa_de_los_Monteros" title="Battle of Espinosa de los Monteros">Espinosa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tudela" title="Battle of Tudela">Tudela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Somosierra" title="Battle of Somosierra">Somosierra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Zaragoza_(1809)" title="Siege of Zaragoza (1809)">2nd Zaragoza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sahag%C3%BAn" title="Battle of Sahagún">Sahagún</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Benavente" title="Battle of Benavente">Benavente</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">1809</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Castell%C3%B3n" title="Battle of Castellón">Castellón</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ucl%C3%A9s_(1809)" title="Battle of Uclés (1809)">Uclés</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Corunna" title="Battle of Corunna">Corunna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Valls" title="Battle of Valls">Valls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyrolean_Rebellion" title="Tyrolean Rebellion">Tyrolean Rebellion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Villafranca_(1809)" title="Battle of Villafranca (1809)">Villafranca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Los_Y%C3%A9benes" title="Battle of Los Yébenes">Yevenes/Yébenes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ciudad_Real" title="Battle of Ciudad Real">Ciudad Real</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Battle_of_Porto" title="First Battle of Porto">1st Porto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Medell%C3%ADn" title="Battle of Medellín">Medellín</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battles_of_Bergisel" title="Battles of Bergisel">Bergisel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sacile" title="Battle of Sacile">Sacile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Teugen-Hausen" title="Battle of Teugen-Hausen">Teugen-Hausen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Raszyn_(1809)" title="Battle of Raszyn (1809)">Raszyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Abensberg" title="Battle of Abensberg">Abensberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Landshut_(1809)" title="Battle of Landshut (1809)">Landshut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Eckm%C3%BChl" title="Battle of Eckmühl">Eckmühl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ratisbon" title="Battle of Ratisbon">Ratisbon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Neumarkt-Sankt_Veit" title="Battle of Neumarkt-Sankt Veit">Neumarkt-Sankt Veit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dalmatian_Campaign_(1809)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dalmatian Campaign (1809)">Dalmatian Campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ebelsberg" title="Battle of Ebelsberg">Ebelsberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_siege_of_Girona_(Peninsular_War)" title="Third siege of Girona (Peninsular War)">Girona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Piave_River_(1809)" title="Battle of Piave River (1809)">Piave River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Grij%C3%B3" title="Battle of Grijó">Grijó</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_Porto" title="Second Battle of Porto">2nd Porto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_W%C3%B6rgl" title="Battle of Wörgl">Wörgl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tarvis_(1809)" title="Battle of Tarvis (1809)">Tarvis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Aspern-Essling" title="Battle of Aspern-Essling">Aspern-Essling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Alca%C3%B1iz" title="Battle of Alcañiz">Alcañiz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sankt_Michael" title="Battle of Sankt Michael">Sankt Michael</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Stralsund_(1809)" title="Battle of Stralsund (1809)">Stralsund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Raab_(1809)" title="Battle of Raab (1809)">Raab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mar%C3%ADa" title="Battle of María">María</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Graz" title="Battle of Graz">Graz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Wagram" title="Battle of Wagram">Wagram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combat_of_Korneuburg" title="Combat of Korneuburg">Korneuburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combat_of_Stockerau" title="Combat of Stockerau">Stockerau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Gefrees" title="Battle of Gefrees">Gefrees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Hollabrunn_(1809)" title="Battle of Hollabrunn (1809)">Hollabrunn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combat_of_Sch%C3%B6ngrabern" title="Combat of Schöngrabern">Schöngrabern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armistice_of_Znaim" class="mw-redirect" title="Armistice of Znaim">Armistice of Znaim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Talavera" title="Battle of Talavera">Talavera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walcheren_Campaign" title="Walcheren Campaign">Walcheren Campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_%C3%96lper_(1809)" title="Battle of Ölper (1809)">Ölper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Almonacid" title="Battle of Almonacid">Almonacid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tamames" title="Battle of Tamames">Tamames</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Oca%C3%B1a" title="Battle of Ocaña">Ocaña</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Alba_de_Tormes" title="Battle of Alba de Tormes">Alba de Tormes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">1810</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_C%C3%A1diz" title="Siege of Cádiz">Cádiz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Astorga" title="Siege of Astorga">Astorga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Ciudad_Rodrigo_(1810)" title="Siege of Ciudad Rodrigo (1810)">Ciudad Rodrigo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combat_of_Barquilla_(1810)" title="Combat of Barquilla (1810)">Barquilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combat_of_the_C%C3%B4a" title="Combat of the Côa">Côa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Almeida_(1810)" title="Siege of Almeida (1810)">Almeida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bussaco" title="Battle of Bussaco">Bussaco</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">1811</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Gebora" title="Battle of the Gebora">Gebora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Barrosa" title="Battle of Barrosa">Barrosa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Pombal" title="Battle of Pombal">Pombal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Redinha" title="Battle of Redinha">Redinha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Casal_Novo" title="Battle of Casal Novo">Casal Novo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Campo_Maior" title="Battle of Campo Maior">Campo Maior</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sabugal" title="Battle of Sabugal">Sabugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blockade_of_Almeida" title="Blockade of Almeida">Almeida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Fuentes_de_O%C3%B1oro" title="Battle of Fuentes de Oñoro">Fuentes de Oñoro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Tarragona_(1811)" title="Siege of Tarragona (1811)">Tarragona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Albuera" title="Battle of Albuera">Albuera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Usagre" title="Battle of Usagre">Usagre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Saguntum" title="Battle of Saguntum">Saguntum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Arroyo_dos_Molinos" title="Battle of Arroyo dos Molinos">Arroyo dos Molinos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Valencia_(1812)" title="Siege of Valencia (1812)">Valencia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">1812</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Ciudad_Rodrigo_(1812)" title="Siege of Ciudad Rodrigo (1812)">Ciudad Rodrigo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Badajoz_(1812)" title="Siege of Badajoz (1812)">Badajoz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Villagarcia" title="Battle of Villagarcia">Villagarcia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Almaraz" title="Battle of Almaraz">Almaraz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Maguilla" title="Battle of Maguilla">Maguilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mir_(1812)" title="Battle of Mir (1812)">Mir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ekau" title="Battle of Ekau">Ekau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Salamanca" title="Battle of Salamanca">Salamanca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Garc%C3%ADa_Hern%C3%A1ndez" title="Battle of García Hernández">García Hernández</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Saltanovka" title="Battle of Saltanovka">Saltanovka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ostrovno" title="Battle of Ostrovno">Ostrovno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Vitebsk_(1812)" title="Battle of Vitebsk (1812)">Vitebsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kobrin" title="Battle of Kobrin">Kobryn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Klyastitsy" title="Battle of Klyastitsy">Klyastitsy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Majadahonda" title="Battle of Majadahonda">Majadahonda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Gorodechno" title="Battle of Gorodechno">Gorodechno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Smolensk_(1812)" title="Battle of Smolensk (1812)">Smolensk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Battle_of_Polotsk" title="First Battle of Polotsk">1st Polotsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Valutino" title="Battle of Valutino">Valutino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mesoten" title="Battle of Mesoten">Mesoten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Borodino" title="Battle of Borodino">Borodino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_occupation_of_Moscow" title="French occupation of Moscow">Moscow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Burgos" title="Siege of Burgos">Burgos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tarutino" title="Battle of Tarutino">Tarutino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_Polotsk" title="Second Battle of Polotsk">2nd Polotsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Venta_del_Pozo" title="Battle of Venta del Pozo">Venta del Pozo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Maloyaroslavets" title="Battle of Maloyaroslavets">Maloyaroslavets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Chashniki" title="Battle of Chashniki">Chashniki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Vyazma" title="Battle of Vyazma">Vyazma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Smoliani" title="Battle of Smoliani">Smoliani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Krasnoi" title="Battle of Krasnoi">Krasnoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Berezina" title="Battle of Berezina">Berezina</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">1813</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Castalla" title="Battle of Castalla">Castalla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_L%C3%BCtzen_(1813)" title="Battle of Lützen (1813)">Lützen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bautzen_(1813)" title="Battle of Bautzen (1813)">Bautzen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Tarragona_(1813)" title="Siege of Tarragona (1813)">Tarragona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Luckau" title="Battle of Luckau">Luckau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Vitoria" title="Battle of Vitoria">Vitoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_San_Sebasti%C3%A1n" title="Siege of San Sebastián">San Sebastián</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Pyrenees" title="Battle of the Pyrenees">Pyrenees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sorauren" title="Battle of Sorauren">Sorauren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Gro%C3%9Fbeeren" title="Battle of Großbeeren">Großbeeren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Katzbach" title="Battle of the Katzbach">Katzbach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Dresden" title="Battle of Dresden">Dresden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kulm" title="Battle of Kulm">1st Kulm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_San_Marcial" title="Battle of San Marcial">San Marcial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Dennewitz" title="Battle of Dennewitz">Dennewitz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_Kulm" title="Second Battle of Kulm">2nd Kulm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_G%C3%B6hrde" title="Battle of the Göhrde">Göhrde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combat_of_Ro%C3%9Flau" class="mw-redirect" title="Combat of Roßlau">Roßlau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Wartenburg" title="Battle of Wartenburg">Wartenburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Bidassoa" title="Battle of the Bidassoa">Bidassoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Leipzig" title="Battle of Leipzig">Leipzig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Hanau" title="Battle of Hanau">Hanau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Nivelle" title="Battle of Nivelle">Nivelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bornh%C3%B6ved_(1813)" title="Battle of Bornhöved (1813)">Bornhöved</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sehested" title="Battle of Sehested">Sehested</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">1814</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Brienne" title="Battle of Brienne">Brienne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_La_Rothi%C3%A8re" title="Battle of La Rothière">La Rothière</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Mincio_River_(1814)" title="Battle of the Mincio River (1814)">Mincio River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Champaubert" title="Battle of Champaubert">Champaubert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Montmirail" title="Battle of Montmirail">Montmirail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ch%C3%A2teau-Thierry_(1814)" title="Battle of Château-Thierry (1814)">Château-Thierry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Vauchamps" title="Battle of Vauchamps">Vauchamps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Garris" title="Battle of Garris">Garris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mormant" title="Battle of Mormant">Mormant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Montereau" title="Battle of Montereau">Montereau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Orthez" title="Battle of Orthez">Orthez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bar-sur-Aube" title="Battle of Bar-sur-Aube">Bar-sur-Aube</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Laon" title="Battle of Laon">Laon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Reims_(1814)" title="Battle of Reims (1814)">Reims</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Craonne" title="Battle of Craonne">Craonne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Arcis-sur-Aube" title="Battle of Arcis-sur-Aube">Arcis-sur-Aube</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_F%C3%A8re-Champenoise" title="Battle of Fère-Champenoise">Fère-Champenoise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Saint-Dizier" title="Battle of Saint-Dizier">Saint-Dizier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Paris_(1814)" title="Battle of Paris (1814)">Montmartre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Paris_(1814)" title="Battle of Paris (1814)">Paris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Toulouse_(1814)" title="Battle of Toulouse (1814)">Toulouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bayonne" title="Battle of Bayonne">Bayonne</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">1815</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Panaro" title="Battle of the Panaro">Panaro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Occhiobello" title="Battle of Occhiobello">Occhiobello</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Carpi_(1815)" title="Battle of Carpi (1815)">Carpi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Casaglia" title="Battle of Casaglia">Casaglia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ronco" title="Battle of Ronco">Ronco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Cesenatico" title="Battle of Cesenatico">Cesenatico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Pesaro" title="Battle of Pesaro">Pesaro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Scapezzano" title="Battle of Scapezzano">Scapezzano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tolentino" title="Battle of Tolentino">Tolentino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Ancona" title="Siege of Ancona">Ancona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Castel_di_Sangro" title="Battle of Castel di Sangro">Castel di Sangro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_San_Germano" title="Battle of San Germano">San Germano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Gaeta_(1815)" title="Siege of Gaeta (1815)">Gaeta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Quatre_Bras" title="Battle of Quatre Bras">Quatre Bras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ligny" title="Battle of Ligny">Ligny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Waterloo" title="Battle of Waterloo">Waterloo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Wavre" title="Battle of Wavre">Wavre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Rocheserviere" title="Battle of Rocheserviere">Rocheserviere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_La_Suffel" title="Battle of La Suffel">La Suffel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Rocquencourt" title="Battle of Rocquencourt">Rocquencourt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Issy" title="Battle of Issy">Issy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Info</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">French and ally<br />military and<br />political leaders</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Napoleon" title="Napoleon">Napoleon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis-Alexandre_Berthier" title="Louis-Alexandre Berthier">Louis-Alexandre Berthier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joachim_Murat" title="Joachim Murat">Joachim Murat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis-Nicolas_Davout" title="Louis-Nicolas Davout">Louis-Nicolas Davout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Lannes" title="Jean Lannes">Jean Lannes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auguste_de_Marmont" title="Auguste de Marmont">Auguste de Marmont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Mass%C3%A9na" title="André Masséna">André Masséna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michel_Ney" title="Michel Ney">Michel Ney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-de-Dieu_Soult" title="Jean-de-Dieu Soult">Jean-de-Dieu Soult</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claude_Victor-Perrin,_Duc_de_Belluno" class="mw-redirect" title="Claude Victor-Perrin, Duc de Belluno">Marshal Victor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Baptiste_Bessi%C3%A8res" title="Jean-Baptiste Bessières">Jean-Baptiste Bessières</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre-Charles_Villeneuve" title="Pierre-Charles Villeneuve">Pierre-Charles Villeneuve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Bonaparte" title="Joseph Bonaparte">Joseph I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Bonaparte" title="Louis Bonaparte">Louis Bonaparte</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Jérôme Bonaparte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%B3zef_Poniatowski" title="Józef Poniatowski">Prince Poniatowski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eug%C3%A8ne_de_Beauharnais" title="Eugène de Beauharnais">Prince Eugène</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maximilian_I_Joseph_of_Bavaria" title="Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria">Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Augustus_I_of_Saxony" title="Frederick Augustus I of Saxony">Frederick Augustus I of Saxony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_I_of_W%C3%BCrttemberg" title="Frederick I of Württemberg">Frederick I of Württemberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_VI_of_Denmark" title="Frederick VI of Denmark">Frederick VI of Denmark</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Coalition<br />military and<br />political leaders</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Wellesley,_1st_Duke_of_Wellington" title="Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington">Duke of Wellington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rowland_Hill,_1st_Viscount_Hill" title="Rowland Hill, 1st Viscount Hill">Rowland Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Moore_(British_Army_officer)" title="John Moore (British Army officer)">John Moore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horatio_Nelson,_1st_Viscount_Nelson" title="Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson">Horatio Nelson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Cochrane,_10th_Earl_of_Dundonald" title="Thomas Cochrane, 10th Earl of Dundonald">Thomas Cochrane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor">Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_Lape%C3%B1a" title="Manuel Lapeña">Manuel Lapeña</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archduke_Charles,_Duke_of_Teschen" title="Archduke Charles, Duke of Teschen">Archduke Charles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Philipp,_Prince_of_Schwarzenberg" title="Karl Philipp, Prince of Schwarzenberg">Prince von Schwarzenberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archduke_John_of_Austria" title="Archduke John of Austria">Archduke John of Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_I_of_Russia" title="Alexander I of Russia">Alexander I of Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Kutuzov" title="Mikhail Kutuzov">Mikhail Kutuzov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Andreas_Barclay_de_Tolly" title="Michael Andreas Barclay de Tolly">Michael Andreas Barclay de Tolly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levin_August_von_Bennigsen" title="Levin August von Bennigsen">Count Bennigsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyotr_Bagration" title="Pyotr Bagration">Pyotr Bagration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Wittgenstein" title="Peter Wittgenstein">Peter Wittgenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_William_III_of_Prussia" title="Frederick William III of Prussia">Frederick William III of Prussia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gebhard_Leberecht_von_Bl%C3%BCcher" title="Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher">Gebhard von Blücher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_William_Ferdinand,_Duke_of_Brunswick" title="Charles William Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick">Duke of Brunswick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Louis,_Prince_of_Hohenlohe-Ingelfingen" class="mw-redirect" title="Frederick Louis, Prince of Hohenlohe-Ingelfingen">Prince of Hohenlohe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_VII_of_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="Ferdinand VII of Spain">Ferdinand VII of Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miguel_Ricardo_de_%C3%81lava" title="Miguel Ricardo de Álava">Miguel de Álava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_I_of_Portugal" title="Maria I of Portugal">Maria I of Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_VI_of_Portugal" title="John VI of Portugal">Prince Regent John of Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miguel_Pereira_Forjaz,_Count_of_Feira" class="mw-redirect" title="Miguel Pereira Forjaz, Count of Feira">Count of Feira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_I_of_the_Netherlands" title="William I of the Netherlands">William, Prince of Orange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_I_of_the_Two_Sicilies" title="Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies">Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustav_IV_Adolf" title="Gustav IV Adolf">Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_XIV_John" title="Charles XIV John">Prince Charles John of Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_XVIII" title="Louis XVIII">Louis XVIII</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Related<br />conflicts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Russian_War_(1807%E2%80%931812)" title="Anglo-Russian War (1807–1812)">Anglo-Russian War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Spanish_War_(1796%E2%80%931808)" title="Anglo-Spanish War (1796–1808)">Anglo-Spanish War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Swedish_War_(1810%E2%80%931812)" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglo-Swedish War (1810–1812)">Anglo-Swedish War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Turkish_War_(1807%E2%80%931809)" title="Anglo-Turkish War (1807–1809)">Anglo-Turkish War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_Wars_(Scandinavia)" title="English Wars (Scandinavia)">Anglo-Danish War</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gunboat_War" title="Gunboat War">Gunboat War</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dano-Swedish_War_of_1808%E2%80%931809" class="mw-redirect" title="Dano-Swedish War of 1808–1809">Dano-Swedish War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finnish_War" title="Finnish War">Russo-Swedish War (Finnish War)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franco-Swedish_War" title="Franco-Swedish War">Franco-Swedish War (Pomeranian War)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russo-Persian_War_(1804%E2%80%931813)" title="Russo-Persian War (1804–1813)">Russo-Persian War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russo-Turkish_War_(1806%E2%80%931812)" title="Russo-Turkish War (1806–1812)">Russo-Turkish War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_American_wars_of_independence" title="Spanish American wars of independence">Spanish American wars of independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swedish%E2%80%93Norwegian_War_(1814)" class="mw-redirect" title="Swedish–Norwegian War (1814)">Swedish–Norwegian War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_of_1812" title="War of 1812">War of 1812</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Treaties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Campo_Formio" title="Treaty of Campo Formio">Campo Formio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Lun%C3%A9ville" title="Treaty of Lunéville">Lunéville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Amiens" title="Treaty of Amiens">Amiens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convention_of_Artlenburg" title="Convention of Artlenburg">Artlenburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peace_of_Pressburg_(1805)" title="Peace of Pressburg (1805)">Pressburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Finckenstein" title="Treaty of Finckenstein">Finckenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaties_of_Tilsit" title="Treaties of Tilsit">Tilsit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convention_of_Cintra" title="Convention of Cintra">Cintra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Sch%C3%B6nbrunn" title="Treaty of Schönbrunn">Schönbrunn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Paris_(1810)" title="Treaty of Paris (1810)">Paris (1810)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Paris_(24_February_1812)" title="Treaty of Paris (24 February 1812)">Paris (February 1812)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Paris_(14_March_1812)" title="Treaty of Paris (14 March 1812)">Paris (March 1812)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Paris_(1814)" title="Treaty of Paris (1814)">Paris (1814)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convention_of_Tauroggen" title="Convention of Tauroggen">Tauroggen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Ried" title="Treaty of Ried">Ried</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Chaumont" title="Treaty of Chaumont">Chaumont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Kiel" title="Treaty of Kiel">Kiel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convention_of_Mantua" title="Convention of Mantua">Mantua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Casalanza" title="Treaty of Casalanza">Casalanza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Fontainebleau_(1814)" title="Treaty of Fontainebleau (1814)">Fontainebleau (1814)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Paris_(1815)" title="Treaty of Paris (1815)">Paris (1815)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Miscellaneous</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_books_about_the_Napoleonic_Wars" title="List of books about the Napoleonic Wars">Bibliography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bourbon_Restoration_in_France" title="Bourbon Restoration in France">Bourbon Restoration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Napoleonic_Wars_casualties" title="Napoleonic Wars casualties">Casualties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congress_of_Erfurt" title="Congress of Erfurt">Congress of Erfurt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Continental_System" title="Continental System">Continental System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conference_of_Dresden_(1812)" title="Conference of Dresden (1812)">Conference of Dresden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/England_expects_that_every_man_will_do_his_duty" title="England expects that every man will do his duty">England expects that every man will do his duty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Napoleonic_Wars_films" title="List of Napoleonic Wars films">Films</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grande_Arm%C3%A9e" title="Grande Armée">Grande Armée</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Uniforms_of_La_Grande_Arm%C3%A9e" title="Uniforms of La Grande Armée">Uniforms</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longwood_House" title="Longwood House">Longwood House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Types_of_military_forces_in_the_Napoleonic_Wars" title="Types of military forces in the Napoleonic Wars">Types of military</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Bonaparte_family123" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Bonaparte_family" title="Template:Bonaparte family"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Bonaparte_family" title="Template talk:Bonaparte family"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Bonaparte_family" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Bonaparte family"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Bonaparte_family123" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Bonaparte" title="House of Bonaparte">Bonaparte family</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1st generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Bonaparte" title="Joseph Bonaparte">Joseph I of Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Napoleon" title="Napoleon">Napoléon I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucien_Bonaparte" title="Lucien Bonaparte">Lucien, Prince of Canino and Musignano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elisa_Bonaparte" title="Elisa Bonaparte">Elisa, Grand Duchess of Tuscany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Bonaparte" title="Louis Bonaparte">Louis I of Holland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pauline_Bonaparte" title="Pauline Bonaparte">Pauline, Princess of Guastalla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caroline_Bonaparte" title="Caroline Bonaparte">Caroline, Queen of Naples</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Jérôme I of Westfalia</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Grandes_Armes_Imp%C3%A9riales_(1804-1815)2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Grandes_Armes_Imp%C3%A9riales_%281804-1815%292.svg/120px-Grandes_Armes_Imp%C3%A9riales_%281804-1815%292.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Grandes_Armes_Imp%C3%A9riales_%281804-1815%292.svg/180px-Grandes_Armes_Imp%C3%A9riales_%281804-1815%292.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Grandes_Armes_Imp%C3%A9riales_%281804-1815%292.svg/240px-Grandes_Armes_Imp%C3%A9riales_%281804-1815%292.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="2215" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2nd generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Z%C3%A9na%C3%AFde_Bonaparte" title="Zénaïde Bonaparte">Zénaïde, Princess of Canino and Musignano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlotte_Bonaparte" title="Charlotte Bonaparte">Princess Charlotte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Napoleon_II" title="Napoleon II">Napoléon II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlotte_Bonaparte_Gabrielli" title="Charlotte Bonaparte Gabrielli">Charlotte, Princess Mario Gabrielli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Lucien_Bonaparte" title="Charles Lucien Bonaparte">Charles Lucien, Prince of Canino and Musignano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Lucien_Bonaparte" title="Louis Lucien Bonaparte">Prince Louis Lucien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Napol%C3%A9on_Bonaparte" title="Pierre Napoléon Bonaparte">Prince Pierre Napoléon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Napol%C3%A9on-Charles_Bonaparte" title="Napoléon-Charles Bonaparte">Napoléon Charles, Prince Royal of Holland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Napol%C3%A9on_Louis_Bonaparte" title="Napoléon Louis Bonaparte">Louis II of Holland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Napoleon_III" title="Napoleon III">Napoléon III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dermide_Leclerc" title="Dermide Leclerc">Dermide Leclerc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Napol%C3%A9on_Bonaparte" title="Jérôme Napoléon Bonaparte">Prince Jérôme Napoléon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Napol%C3%A9on_Charles_Bonaparte" title="Jérôme Napoléon Charles Bonaparte">Prince Jérôme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mathilde_Bonaparte" title="Mathilde Bonaparte">Mathilde, Princess of San Donato</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Napol%C3%A9on-J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Bonaparte" title="Prince Napoléon-Jérôme Bonaparte">Napoléon, Prince of Monfort</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">3rd generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Lucien_Bonaparte" title="Joseph Lucien Bonaparte">Joseph Lucien, Prince of Canino and Musignano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucien_Bonaparte_(cardinal)" title="Lucien Bonaparte (cardinal)">Lucien, Prince of Canino and Musignano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augusta_Bonaparte_Gabrielli" title="Augusta Bonaparte Gabrielli">Augusta, Princess Placido Gabrielli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Napol%C3%A9on_Charles_Bonaparte,_5th_Prince_of_Canino" title="Napoléon Charles Bonaparte, 5th Prince of Canino">Napoléon Charles, Prince of Canino and Musignano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roland_Bonaparte" title="Roland Bonaparte">Roland, Prince of Canino and Musignano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeanne_Bonaparte" title="Jeanne Bonaparte">Jeanne, Marchioness of Villeneuve-Escaplon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis-Napol%C3%A9on,_Prince_Imperial" title="Louis-Napoléon, Prince Imperial">Napoléon, Prince Imperial of France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerome_Napoleon_Bonaparte_II" title="Jerome Napoleon Bonaparte II">Prince Jerome Napoleon II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Joseph_Bonaparte" title="Charles Joseph Bonaparte">Prince Charles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor,_Prince_Napol%C3%A9on" title="Victor, Prince Napoléon">Victor, Prince Napoléon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Bonaparte_(1864%E2%80%931932)" title="Louis Bonaparte (1864–1932)">Prince Louis Bonaparte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Letizia_Bonaparte,_Duchess_of_Aosta" title="Maria Letizia Bonaparte, Duchess of Aosta">Princess Marie Letizia, Duchess of Aosta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Bonaparte-Wyse" title="William Bonaparte-Wyse">William Bonaparte-Wyse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marie_Bonaparte-Wyse" title="Marie Bonaparte-Wyse">Marie Bonaparte-Wyse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucien_Bonaparte-Wyse" title="Lucien Bonaparte-Wyse">Lucien Bonaparte-Wyse</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">4th generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Bonaparte" title="Mary Bonaparte">Princess Mary, Mrs. Enrico Gotti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugenie_Bonaparte" title="Eugenie Bonaparte">Eugénie, Princess of La Moskowa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marie_Bonaparte" title="Marie Bonaparte">Marie, Princess George of Greece and Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marie_Clotilde_Bonaparte" title="Marie Clotilde Bonaparte">Marie Clotilde, Countess Serge de Witt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis,_Prince_Napol%C3%A9on" title="Louis, Prince Napoléon">Louis, Prince Napoléon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Bonaparte-Wyse" title="Andrew Bonaparte-Wyse">Andrew Bonaparte-Wyse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugenia_Rasponi" title="Eugenia Rasponi">Eugenia Rasponi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">5th generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charles,_Prince_Napol%C3%A9on" title="Charles, Prince Napoléon">Charles, Prince Napoléon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">6th generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Christophe,_Prince_Napol%C3%A9on" title="Jean-Christophe, Prince Napoléon">Jean-Christophe, Prince Napoléon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q151087#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata2426" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q151087#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata2426" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q151087#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000123205226">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/39403245">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/153907/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJjRYgQXkyw8JfXTMrryVC">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/118557432">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n85811080">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb120850140">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb120850140">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Jérôme <re di Vestfalia>"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/CUBV093378">Italy</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=xx0099543&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX4940774">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p215655168">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/86lptvks3wf2hpn">Sweden</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810602198705606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8034&url_prefix=https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/&id=495/192088">Vatican</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007263464605171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/118557432.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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