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<div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Heir presumptive</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hereu_presumpte" title="Hereu presumpte – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Hereu presumpte" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C5%99edpokl%C3%A1dan%C3%BD_d%C4%9Bdic" title="Předpokládaný dědic – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Předpokládaný dědic" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heir_presumptive" title="Heir presumptive – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Heir presumptive" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heir_Presumptive" title="Heir Presumptive – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Heir Presumptive" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heredero_presuntivo" title="Heredero presuntivo – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Heredero presuntivo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AB_%D9%85%D9%82%D8%AF%D8%B1" title="وارث مقدر – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="وارث مقدر" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%B6%94%EC%A0%95%EC%83%81%EC%86%8D%EC%9D%B8" title="추정상속인 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="추정상속인" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahli_waris_sementara" title="Ahli waris sementara – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Ahli waris sementara" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erede_presuntivo" title="Erede presuntivo – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Erede presuntivo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%8E%A8%E5%AE%9A%E7%9B%B8%E7%B6%9A%E4%BA%BA" title="推定相続人 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="推定相続人" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herdeiro_presuntivo" title="Herdeiro presuntivo – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Herdeiro presuntivo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mo%C8%99tenitor_prezumtiv" title="Moștenitor prezumtiv – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Moștenitor prezumtiv" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Предполагаемый престолонаследник – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Предполагаемый престолонаследник" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heir_presumptive" title="Heir presumptive – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Heir presumptive" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%97%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99" title="ทายาทโดยสันนิษฐาน – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ทายาทโดยสันนิษฐาน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhtemel_veliaht" title="Muhtemel veliaht – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Muhtemel veliaht" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%99%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%94%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%86%D1%8C_%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%83" title="Ймовірний спадкоємець трону – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Ймовірний спадкоємець трону" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%8E%A8%E5%AE%9A%E7%BB%A7%E6%89%BF%E4%BA%BA" title="推定继承人 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="推定继承人" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1370385#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the novel by Henry Wade, see <a href="/wiki/Heir_Presumptive_(novel)" title="Heir Presumptive (novel)">Heir Presumptive (novel)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Heir_presumptive" title="Special:EditPage/Heir presumptive">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Heir+presumptive%22">"Heir presumptive"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Heir+presumptive%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Heir+presumptive%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Heir+presumptive%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Heir+presumptive%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Heir+presumptive%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">December 2009</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>An <b>heir presumptive</b> is the person entitled to inherit a throne, peerage, or other hereditary honour, but whose position can be displaced by the birth of a person with a better claim to the position in question.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This is in contrast to an <a href="/wiki/Heir_apparent" title="Heir apparent">heir apparent</a>, whose claim on the position cannot be displaced in this manner. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Overview">Overview</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heir_presumptive&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Overview"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Depending on the rules of the monarchy, the heir presumptive might be the daughter of a monarch if <a href="/wiki/Primogeniture#Male-preference_primogeniture" title="Primogeniture">males take preference over females</a> and the monarch has no sons, or the senior member of a collateral line if the monarch is childless or the monarch's direct descendants cannot inherit either because </p> <ol><li>they are daughters and <a href="/wiki/Primogeniture#Agnatic_primogeniture" title="Primogeniture">females are completely barred from inheriting</a></li> <li>the monarch's children are <a href="/wiki/Legitimacy_(family_law)" title="Legitimacy (family law)">illegitimate</a>, or</li> <li>some other legal disqualification, such as <ol><li>being descended from the monarch through a <a href="/wiki/Morganatic" class="mw-redirect" title="Morganatic">morganatic</a> line or</li> <li>the descendant's refusal or inability to adopt a religion the monarch is required to profess.</li></ol></li></ol> <p>The subsequent birth of a legitimate child to the monarch may displace the former heir presumptive by creating an heir apparent or a more eligible heir presumptive. It is not assumed that the monarch and his or her consort are incapable of producing further children; on the day before Queen <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_II" title="Elizabeth II">Elizabeth II</a> ascended the throne, her father <a href="/wiki/George_VI" title="George VI">George VI</a> was gravely ill and her mother was 51 years old, but Elizabeth was still the heir presumptive rather than the heir apparent. An heir presumptive's position may not even be secure after they ascend their throne, as a <a href="/wiki/Posthumous_child" class="mw-redirect" title="Posthumous child">posthumous child</a> of the previous monarch could have a superseding claim. Following the death of <a href="/wiki/William_IV" title="William IV">William IV</a> in 1837, he was succeeded by his niece <a href="/wiki/Queen_Victoria" title="Queen Victoria">Queen Victoria</a>, whose accession proclamation noted her accession was only permanent so long as a child of William was not born in the following months to his widow, <a href="/wiki/Adelaide_of_Saxe-Meiningen" title="Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen">Adelaide</a>, even though Adelaide was 44 years old and had last been pregnant 17 years earlier.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Such a situation occurred in <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a> in 1885, when King <a href="/wiki/Alfonso_XII" title="Alfonso XII">Alfonso XII</a> died and left behind a widow who was three months pregnant. His five-year-old daughter and heir presumptive, <a href="/wiki/Mar%C3%ADa_de_las_Mercedes,_Princess_of_Asturias" title="María de las Mercedes, Princess of Asturias">María de las Mercedes</a>, was not declared queen because she would be displaced if a son was born, and instead there was a six-month <a href="/wiki/Interregnum" title="Interregnum">interregnum</a> until the birth of her brother <a href="/wiki/Alfonso_XIII" title="Alfonso XIII">Alfonso XIII</a>, who assumed the throne as king immediately upon birth. Had the pregnancy been lost or resulted in another daughter, Mercedes would have become queen regnant and been retroactively recognized as such during the interregnum.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Heir presumptive, like heir apparent, is not a title or position <i>per se</i>. Rather, it is a general term for a person who holds a certain place in the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_succession" title="Order of succession">order of succession</a>. In some monarchies, the heir apparent bears, <i><a href="/wiki/Ipso_facto" title="Ipso facto">ipso facto</a></i>, a specific title and rank (e.g., Denmark, Netherlands, United Kingdom), this also sometimes being the case for noble titleholders (e.g., Spain, United Kingdom), but the heir presumptive does not bear that title. In other monarchies (e.g., Monaco, Spain) the first in line to the throne bears a specific title (i.e., "Hereditary Prince/Princess of Monaco", "Prince/Princess of Asturias") by right, regardless of whether she or he is heir apparent or heir presumptive. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Simultaneous_heirs_presumptive">Simultaneous heirs presumptive</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heir_presumptive&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Simultaneous heirs presumptive"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Abeyance" title="Abeyance">Abeyance</a></div> <p>In the <a href="/wiki/English_law" title="English law">English and Welsh common law</a> of <a href="/wiki/Inheritance" title="Inheritance">inheritance</a>, there is no seniority between sisters; where there is no son to inherit, any number of daughters share equally. Therefore, certain hereditary titles can have multiple simultaneous heirs presumptive. Since the title cannot be held by two people simultaneously, two daughters (without a brother) who inherit in this way would do so as <a href="/wiki/Co-parceners" class="mw-redirect" title="Co-parceners">co-parceners</a> and before they inherit, both would be heirs presumptive. In these circumstances, the title would in fact be held in <a href="/wiki/Abeyance" title="Abeyance">abeyance</a> until one person represents the claim of both, or the claim is renounced by one or the other for herself and her heirs, or the abeyance is ended by the Crown. There are <a href="/wiki/Peerage_law#Peerage_disputes" title="Peerage law">special procedures</a> for handling doubtful or disputed cases. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Past_heirs_presumptive_who_did_not_inherit_thrones">Past heirs presumptive who did not inherit thrones</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heir_presumptive&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Past heirs presumptive who did not inherit thrones"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The list is limited to heirs presumptive who did not succeed due to death, abolition of monarchies, or change in succession law. </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marcellus_(nephew_of_Augustus)" title="Marcellus (nephew of Augustus)">Marcus Claudius Marcellus</a> was heir presumptive to his uncle and father-in-law <a href="/wiki/Augustus" title="Augustus">Augustus</a> until his death in 23 BC.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcus_Vipsanius_Agrippa" title="Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa">Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa</a> was heir presumptive to his father-in-law <a href="/wiki/Augustus" title="Augustus">Augustus</a> until his death in 12 BC.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcus_Aemilius_Lepidus_(executed_by_Caligula)" title="Marcus Aemilius Lepidus (executed by Caligula)">Marcus Aemilius Lepidus</a> was heir presumptive to his brother-in-law <a href="/wiki/Caligula" title="Caligula">Caligula</a> until his death in 38.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Britannicus" title="Britannicus">Britannicus</a> was heir presumptive to his stepbrother <a href="/wiki/Nero" title="Nero">Nero</a> until his death in 55.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marwan_ibn_Abd_al-Malik" title="Marwan ibn Abd al-Malik">Marwan ibn Abd al-Malik</a> was heir presumptive to his brother <a href="/wiki/Al-Walid_I" title="Al-Walid I">Al-Walid I</a> until his death circa 715.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Sawara" title="Prince Sawara">Prince Sawara</a> was heir presumptive to his brother <a href="/wiki/Emperor_Kanmu" title="Emperor Kanmu">Emperor Kanmu</a> until his death in 785.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Curthose" title="Robert Curthose">Robert Curthose</a> was heir presumptive to his brother <a href="/wiki/William_II_of_England" title="William II of England">William II of England</a> until he was disinherited for rebellion in 1088.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmund_of_Scotland" title="Edmund of Scotland">Edmund of Scotland</a> was heir presumptive to his uncle <a href="/wiki/Donald_III_of_Scotland" title="Donald III of Scotland">Donald III of Scotland</a> until his uncle's overthrow in 1097.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Empress_Matilda" title="Empress Matilda">Empress Matilda</a> was heir presumptive to her father <a href="/wiki/Henry_I_of_England" title="Henry I of England">Henry I of England</a> but upon Henry's death in 1135, Matilda's cousin <a href="/wiki/Stephen,_King_of_England" title="Stephen, King of England">Stephen, King of England</a> took the throne instead.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_I,_Duke_of_Brittany" title="Arthur I, Duke of Brittany">Arthur I, Duke of Brittany</a>, was heir presumptive to his uncle <a href="/wiki/Richard_I_of_England" title="Richard I of England">Richard I of England</a> but upon Richard's death in 1199, Arthur's uncle <a href="/wiki/John,_King_of_England" title="John, King of England">John, King of England</a> took the throne instead.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_I,_Count_of_Urgell" title="Peter I, Count of Urgell">Peter I, Count of Urgell</a>, was heir presumptive to his nephew <a href="/wiki/Afonso_III_of_Portugal" title="Afonso III of Portugal">Afonso III of Portugal</a> until his death in 1258.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_of_Scotland,_Queen_of_Norway" title="Margaret of Scotland, Queen of Norway">Margaret of Scotland, Queen of Norway</a>, was heir presumptive to her father <a href="/wiki/Alexander_III_of_Scotland" title="Alexander III of Scotland">Alexander III of Scotland</a> until her death in 1283.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uzana_of_Bassein" title="Uzana of Bassein">Uzana of Bassein</a> was heir presumptive to his father <a href="/wiki/Narathihapate" title="Narathihapate">Narathihapate</a> until he was assassinated in 1287.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Bruce" title="Edward Bruce">Edward Bruce</a> was heir presumptive to his brother <a href="/wiki/Robert_the_Bruce" title="Robert the Bruce">Robert I of Scotland</a> until he claimed the throne of Ireland.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marjorie_Bruce" title="Marjorie Bruce">Marjorie Bruce</a> was heir presumptive to her father <a href="/wiki/Robert_the_Bruce" title="Robert the Bruce">Robert I of Scotland</a> until her death in 1316.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles,_Count_of_Valois" title="Charles, Count of Valois">Charles, Count of Valois</a>, was heir presumptive to his nephew <a href="/wiki/Charles_IV_of_France" title="Charles IV of France">Charles IV of France</a> twice until his death in 1325.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Binnya_E_Laung" title="Binnya E Laung">Binnya E Laung</a> was heir presumptive to his father <a href="/wiki/Binnya_E_Law" title="Binnya E Law">Binnya E Law</a> until his death.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_of_Calabria" title="Maria of Calabria">Maria of Calabria</a> was heir presumptive to her sister <a href="/wiki/Joanna_I_of_Naples" title="Joanna I of Naples">Joanna I of Naples</a> until her death in 1366.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beatrice_of_Portugal" title="Beatrice of Portugal">Beatrice of Portugal</a> was heir presumptive to her father <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_I_of_Portugal" title="Ferdinand I of Portugal">Ferdinand I of Portugal</a> but upon Ferdinand's death in 1383, Beatrice's half-uncle <a href="/wiki/John_I_of_Portugal" title="John I of Portugal">John I of Portugal</a> took the throne instead.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bawlawkyantaw" title="Bawlawkyantaw">Bawlawkyantaw</a> was heir presumptive to his father <a href="/wiki/Razadarit" title="Razadarit">Razadarit</a> until his execution in 1390.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theiddat" title="Theiddat">Theiddat</a> was heir presumptive to his brother <a href="/wiki/Minkhaung_I" title="Minkhaung I">Minkhaung I</a> until his nephew <a href="/wiki/Minye_Kyawswa" title="Minye Kyawswa">Minye Kyawswa</a> was made heir instead.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joan_of_Navarre_(regent)" title="Joan of Navarre (regent)">Joan of Navarre</a> was heir presumptive to her father <a href="/wiki/Charles_III_of_Navarre" title="Charles III of Navarre">Charles III of Navarre</a> until her death in 1413.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Stewart,_Duke_of_Albany" title="Robert Stewart, Duke of Albany">Robert Stewart, Duke of Albany</a>, was heir presumptive to his nephew <a href="/wiki/James_I_of_Scotland" title="James I of Scotland">James I of Scotland</a> until his death in 1420.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_of_Lancaster,_1st_Duke_of_Clarence" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Clarence">Thomas of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Clarence</a>, was heir presumptive to his brother <a href="/wiki/Henry_V_of_England" title="Henry V of England">Henry V of England</a> from his brother's succession in 1413 to his death in 1421.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine,_Princess_of_Asturias" title="Catherine, Princess of Asturias">Catherine, Princess of Asturias</a>, was heir presumptive to her father <a href="/wiki/John_II_of_Castile" title="John II of Castile">John II of Castile</a> until her death in 1424.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murdoch_Stewart,_Duke_of_Albany" title="Murdoch Stewart, Duke of Albany">Murdoch Stewart, Duke of Albany</a>, was heir presumptive to his cousin <a href="/wiki/James_I_of_Scotland" title="James I of Scotland">James I of Scotland</a> until he was attained and executed in 1425.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_of_Lancaster,_1st_Duke_of_Bedford" class="mw-redirect" title="John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford">John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford</a>, was heir presumptive to his nephew <a href="/wiki/Henry_VI_of_England" title="Henry VI of England">Henry VI of England</a> until his death in 1435.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Stewart,_Earl_of_Atholl" title="Walter Stewart, Earl of Atholl">Walter Stewart, Earl of Atholl</a>, was heir presumptive to his grandnephew <a href="/wiki/James_II_of_Scotland" title="James II of Scotland">James II of Scotland</a> until he was executed in 1437 for his part in killing the previous king James I.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Stewart,_Dauphine_of_France" title="Margaret Stewart, Dauphine of France">Margaret Stewart, Dauphine of France</a>, was heir presumptive to her brother <a href="/wiki/James_II_of_Scotland" title="James II of Scotland">James II of Scotland</a> until her death in 1445.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humphrey,_Duke_of_Gloucester" title="Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester">Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester</a>, was heir presumptive to his nephew <a href="/wiki/Henry_VI_of_England" title="Henry VI of England">Henry VI of England</a> until his death in 1447.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joanna_la_Beltraneja" title="Joanna la Beltraneja">Joanna la Beltraneja</a> was heir presumptive to her father <a href="/wiki/Henry_IV_of_Castile" title="Henry IV of Castile">Henry IV of Castile</a> until he named his brother <a href="/wiki/Alfonso,_Prince_of_Asturias_(1453%E2%80%931468)" title="Alfonso, Prince of Asturias (1453–1468)">Alfonso</a> as heir instead.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfonso,_Prince_of_Asturias_(1453%E2%80%931468)" title="Alfonso, Prince of Asturias (1453–1468)">Alfonso, Prince of Asturias</a>, was heir presumptive to his half-brother <a href="/wiki/Henry_IV_of_Castile" title="Henry IV of Castile">Henry IV of Castile</a> until his death in 1468.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Plantagenet,_1st_Duke_of_Clarence" class="mw-redirect" title="George Plantagenet, 1st Duke of Clarence">George Plantagenet, 1st Duke of Clarence</a>, was heir presumptive to his brother <a href="/wiki/Edward_IV_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Edward IV of England">Edward IV of England</a> until he fled after rebelling against him in 1470.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isabella_of_Aragon,_Queen_of_Portugal" title="Isabella of Aragon, Queen of Portugal">Isabella of Aragon, Queen of Portugal</a>, was heir presumptive to her parents <a href="/wiki/Isabella_I_of_Castile" title="Isabella I of Castile">Isabella I of Castile</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_II_of_Aragon" title="Ferdinand II of Aragon">Ferdinand II of Aragon</a> until her death in 1498.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miguel_da_Paz,_Prince_of_Portugal" title="Miguel da Paz, Prince of Portugal">Miguel da Paz, Prince of Portugal</a>, in addition to being heir apparent to his father <a href="/wiki/Manuel_I_of_Portugal" title="Manuel I of Portugal">Manuel I of Portugal</a>, was heir presumptive to his maternal grandparents <a href="/wiki/Isabella_I_of_Castile" title="Isabella I of Castile">Isabella I of Castile</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_II_of_Aragon" title="Ferdinand II of Aragon">Ferdinand II of Aragon</a> until his death in 1500.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Stewart,_Duke_of_Ross" title="James Stewart, Duke of Ross">James Stewart, Duke of Ross</a>, was heir presumptive to his brother <a href="/wiki/James_IV_of_Scotland" title="James IV of Scotland">James IV of Scotland</a> until his death in 1504.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Stewart,_Duke_of_Ross" title="Alexander Stewart, Duke of Ross">Alexander Stewart, Duke of Ross</a>, was heir presumptive to his brother <a href="/wiki/James_V_of_Scotland" class="mw-redirect" title="James V of Scotland">James V of Scotland</a> until his death in 1515.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Stewart,_Duke_of_Albany" title="John Stewart, Duke of Albany">John Stewart, Duke of Albany</a>, was heir presumptive to his cousin <a href="/wiki/James_V_of_Scotland" class="mw-redirect" title="James V of Scotland">James V of Scotland</a> until his death in 1536.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlos,_Prince_of_Asturias" title="Carlos, Prince of Asturias">Carlos, Prince of Asturias</a>, in addition to being heir apparent to his father <a href="/wiki/Philip_II_of_Spain" title="Philip II of Spain">Philip II of Spain</a>, was also heir presumptive to his cousin <a href="/wiki/Sebastian_of_Portugal" class="mw-redirect" title="Sebastian of Portugal">Sebastian of Portugal</a> until his death in 1568.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Hamilton,_Duke_of_Ch%C3%A2tellerault" title="James Hamilton, Duke of Châtellerault">James Hamilton, 2nd Earl of Arran</a>, was heir presumptive to <a href="/wiki/James_VI_and_I" title="James VI and I">James VI of Scotland</a> until his death in 1575.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranuccio_I_Farnese,_Duke_of_Parma" class="mw-redirect" title="Ranuccio I Farnese, Duke of Parma">Ranuccio I Farnese, Duke of Parma</a>, was heir presumptive to his granduncle <a href="/wiki/Henry,_King_of_Portugal" title="Henry, King of Portugal">Henry, King of Portugal</a> until the <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_succession_crisis_of_1580" title="Portuguese succession crisis of 1580">succession crisis</a> that emerged after Henry's death in 1580.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis,_Duke_of_Anjou" title="Francis, Duke of Anjou">Francis, Duke of Anjou</a>, was heir presumptive to his brother <a href="/wiki/Henry_III_of_France" title="Henry III of France">Henry III of France</a> until his death in 1584.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles,_Cardinal_de_Bourbon_(born_1523)" title="Charles, Cardinal de Bourbon (born 1523)">Charles de Bourbon</a> was heir presumptive to his nephew <a href="/wiki/Henry_IV_of_France" title="Henry IV of France">Henry IV of France</a> until his death in 1590.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dmitry_of_Uglich" title="Dmitry of Uglich">Dmitry of Uglich</a> was heir presumptive to his half-brother <a href="/wiki/Feodor_I_of_Russia" title="Feodor I of Russia">Feodor I of Russia</a> until his death in 1591.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dmitry_Shuisky" title="Dmitry Shuisky">Dmitry Shuisky</a> was heir presumptive to his brother <a href="/wiki/Vasili_IV_of_Russia" title="Vasili IV of Russia">Vasili IV of Russia</a> until his brother was overthrown in 1610.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigismund_III_Vasa" title="Sigismund III Vasa">Sigismund III Vasa</a> was heir presumptive of Russia to his son <a href="/wiki/W%C5%82adys%C5%82aw_IV_Vasa" title="Władysław IV Vasa">Vladislav</a> until his son's overthrow in 1613.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monsieur_d%27Orl%C3%A9ans" title="Monsieur d'Orléans">Monsieur d'Orléans</a>, was heir presumptive to his brother <a href="/wiki/Louis_XIII_of_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis XIII of France">Louis XIII of France</a> until his death in 1611.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Philip,_Duke_of_S%C3%B6dermanland" title="Charles Philip, Duke of Södermanland">Charles Philip, Duke of Södermanland</a>, was heir presumptive to his brother <a href="/wiki/Gustavus_Adolphus_of_Sweden" class="mw-redirect" title="Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden">Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden</a> until his death in 1622.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_of_Sweden,_Countess_Palatine_of_Kleeburg" title="Catherine of Sweden, Countess Palatine of Kleeburg">Catherine of Sweden, Countess Palatine of Kleeburg</a>, was heir presumptive to her niece <a href="/wiki/Christina,_Queen_of_Sweden" title="Christina, Queen of Sweden">Christina, Queen of Sweden</a>, until her death in 1638.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Theresa_of_Spain" title="Margaret Theresa of Spain">Margaret Theresa of Spain</a> was heir presumptive to her brother <a href="/wiki/Charles_II_of_Spain" title="Charles II of Spain">Charles II of Spain</a> until her death in 1673.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Antonia_of_Austria" title="Maria Antonia of Austria">Maria Antonia of Austria</a> was heir presumptive to her uncle Charles II until her death in 1692.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Ferdinand,_Electoral_Prince_of_Bavaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Joseph Ferdinand, Electoral Prince of Bavaria">Joseph Ferdinand, Electoral Prince of Bavaria</a>, in addition to being heir apparent to his father <a href="/wiki/Maximilian_II_Emanuel,_Elector_of_Bavaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Maximilian II Emanuel, Elector of Bavaria">Maximilian II Emanuel, Elector of Bavaria</a>, was heir presumptive to his granduncle Charles II until his death in 1699.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sophia_of_Hanover" title="Sophia of Hanover">Sophia, Electress of Hanover</a>, was declared heir presumptive to the British thrones by the <a href="/wiki/Act_of_Settlement_1701" title="Act of Settlement 1701">Act of Settlement 1701</a>, but died before acceding to the throne of her distant cousin, <a href="/wiki/Anne,_Queen_of_Great_Britain" title="Anne, Queen of Great Britain">Queen Anne</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippe_II,_Duke_of_Orl%C3%A9ans" title="Philippe II, Duke of Orléans">Philippe II, Duke of Orléans</a>, was heir presumptive to <a href="/wiki/Louis_XV_of_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis XV of France">Louis XV of France</a> until his death in 1723.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duke_Charles_Louis_Frederick_of_Mecklenburg" title="Duke Charles Louis Frederick of Mecklenburg">Duke Charles Louis Frederick of Mecklenburg</a> was heir presumptive to his half-brother <a href="/wiki/Adolphus_Frederick_III,_Duke_of_Mecklenburg-Strelitz" class="mw-redirect" title="Adolphus Frederick III, Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz">Adolphus Frederick III, Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz</a>, until his death a few months before his brother in 1752.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Augustus_William_of_Prussia" title="Prince Augustus William of Prussia">Prince Augustus William of Prussia</a> was heir presumptive to his brother <a href="/wiki/Frederick_the_Great" title="Frederick the Great">Frederick II of Prussia</a> until his death in 1758.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Michael,_Count_Palatine_of_Zweibr%C3%BCcken" title="Frederick Michael, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken">Frederick Michael, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken</a> was heir presumptive to his brother <a href="/wiki/Christian_IV,_Count_Palatine_of_Zweibr%C3%BCcken" title="Christian IV, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken">Christian IV, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken</a> until his death in 1767.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duke_Louis_of_Mecklenburg-Schwerin" class="mw-redirect" title="Duke Louis of Mecklenburg-Schwerin">Duke Louis of Mecklenburg-Schwerin</a> was heir presumptive to his brother <a href="/wiki/Frederick_II,_Duke_of_Mecklenburg-Schwerin" title="Frederick II, Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin">Frederick II, Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin</a>, until his death in 1778.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Joseph_of_Saxe-Hildburghausen" title="Prince Joseph of Saxe-Hildburghausen">Prince Joseph of Saxe-Hildburghausen</a> was heir presumptive to his great-grandnephew <a href="/wiki/Frederick,_Duke_of_Saxe-Altenburg" title="Frederick, Duke of Saxe-Altenburg">Frederick, Duke of Saxe-Hildburghausen</a> until his death in 1787.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_Karl,_Archduke_of_Austria-Este" title="Ferdinand Karl, Archduke of Austria-Este">Ferdinand Karl, Archduke of Austria-Este</a> was heir presumptive to his father-in-law <a href="/wiki/Ercole_III_d%27Este,_Duke_of_Modena" class="mw-redirect" title="Ercole III d'Este, Duke of Modena">Ercole III d'Este, Duke of Modena</a> until Ercole was deposed by Napoleonic forces in 1796.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inthraphithak" title="Inthraphithak">Inthraphithak</a> was heir presumptive to his father <a href="/wiki/Taksin" title="Taksin">Taksin</a> until Taksin was overthrown and both were executed in 1802.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Louis_of_Anhalt-K%C3%B6then" class="mw-redirect" title="Prince Louis of Anhalt-Köthen">Prince Louis of Anhalt-Köthen</a> was heir presumptive to his brother <a href="/wiki/Augustus_Christian_Frederick,_Duke_of_Anhalt-K%C3%B6then" title="Augustus Christian Frederick, Duke of Anhalt-Köthen">Augustus Christian Frederick, Duke of Anhalt-Köthen</a> until his death in 1802.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maha_Sura_Singhanat" title="Maha Sura Singhanat">Maha Sura Singhanat</a> was heir presumptive to his brother <a href="/wiki/Phutthayotfa_Chulalok" class="mw-redirect" title="Phutthayotfa Chulalok">Phutthayotfa Chulalok</a> until his death in 1803.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anurak_Devesh" title="Anurak Devesh">Anurak Devesh</a> was heir presumptive to his uncle <a href="/wiki/Phutthayotfa_Chulalok" class="mw-redirect" title="Phutthayotfa Chulalok">Phutthayotfa Chulalok</a> until his death in 1806.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_Joseph,_Prince_of_Hohenlohe-Schillingsf%C3%BCrst" title="Franz Joseph, Prince of Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst">Franz Joseph, Prince of Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst</a> was heir presumptive to his brother <a href="/wiki/Charles_Albert_III,_Prince_of_Hohenlohe-Waldenburg-Schillingsf%C3%BCrst" title="Charles Albert III, Prince of Hohenlohe-Waldenburg-Schillingsfürst">Charles Albert III, Prince of Hohenlohe-Waldenburg-Schillingsfürst</a> until their territory was <a href="/wiki/German_mediatisation" title="German mediatisation">mediatised</a> in 1806.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maha_Senanurak" title="Maha Senanurak">Maha Senanurak</a> was heir presumptive to his brother <a href="/wiki/Phutthaloetla_Naphalai" class="mw-redirect" title="Phutthaloetla Naphalai">Phutthaloetla Naphalai</a> until his death in 1817.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Duke_Konstantin_Pavlovich_of_Russia" title="Grand Duke Konstantin Pavlovich of Russia">Grand Duke Konstantin Pavlovich of Russia</a> was heir presumptive to his brother <a href="/wiki/Alexander_I_of_Russia" title="Alexander I of Russia">Alexander I of Russia</a> until he renounced his rights in 1823.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Frederick,_Duke_of_York_and_Albany" title="Prince Frederick, Duke of York and Albany">Prince Frederick, Duke of York and Albany</a>, brother of King <a href="/wiki/George_IV" title="George IV">George IV of the United Kingdom and Hanover</a>, was heir presumptive from his brother's ascension in 1820 to his death in 1827.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maximilian,_Hereditary_Prince_of_Saxony" title="Maximilian, Hereditary Prince of Saxony">Maximilian, Hereditary Prince of Saxony</a>, was heir presumptive to his brother <a href="/wiki/Anthony_of_Saxony" class="mw-redirect" title="Anthony of Saxony">Anthony of Saxony</a> until he renounced his rights in favour of his son <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Augustus_II_of_Saxony" title="Frederick Augustus II of Saxony">Frederick Augustus</a> in 1830.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infante_Carlos_of_Spain,_Count_of_Molina" class="mw-redirect" title="Infante Carlos of Spain, Count of Molina">Infante Carlos of Spain, Count of Molina</a>, brother of <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_VII_of_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="Ferdinand VII of Spain">King Ferdinand VII of Spain</a>. Ferdinand VII <a href="/wiki/Pragmatic_Sanction_of_1830" title="Pragmatic Sanction of 1830">changed the succession law</a> in favour to his daughter, who became <a href="/wiki/Isabella_II_of_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="Isabella II of Spain">Queen Isabella II</a> after the King's death in September 1833. This led to the <a href="/wiki/Carlist_Wars" title="Carlist Wars">Carlist Wars</a> in Spain.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sakdiphonlasep" title="Sakdiphonlasep">Sakdiphonlasep</a> was heir presumptive to his nephew <a href="/wiki/Nangklao" class="mw-redirect" title="Nangklao">Nangklao</a> until his death in 1832.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis,_Prince_of_Anhalt-Pless" title="Louis, Prince of Anhalt-Pless">Louis, Prince of Anhalt-Pless</a> was heir presumptive to his brother <a href="/wiki/Henry,_Duke_of_Anhalt-K%C3%B6then" title="Henry, Duke of Anhalt-Köthen">Henry, Duke of Anhalt-Köthen</a> until his death in 1841.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archduke_Franz_Karl_of_Austria" title="Archduke Franz Karl of Austria">Archduke Franz Karl of Austria</a>, brother of <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_I_of_Austria" title="Ferdinand I of Austria">Emperor Ferdinand I of Austria</a>, was heir presumptive throughout his brother's reign until the <a href="/wiki/Revolutions_of_1848" title="Revolutions of 1848">revolution</a> that saw his brother forced to abdicate also saw Franz renounce his rights in favour of his son <a href="/wiki/Franz_Joseph_I_of_Austria" title="Franz Joseph I of Austria">Franz Joseph</a> in 1848.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmad_Rifaat_Pasha" title="Ahmad Rifaat Pasha">Ahmad Rifaat Pasha</a> was heir presumptive to his half-uncle <a href="/wiki/Sa%27id_of_Egypt" title="Sa'id of Egypt">Sa'id of Egypt</a> until his death in 1858.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Henry,_Count_of_Bardi" title="Prince Henry, Count of Bardi">Prince Henry, Count of Bardi</a>, was heir presumptive to his brother <a href="/wiki/Robert_I,_Duke_of_Parma" title="Robert I, Duke of Parma">Robert I, Duke of Parma</a>, until the monarchy was abolished in 1859.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archduke_Karl_Salvator_of_Austria" title="Archduke Karl Salvator of Austria">Archduke Karl Salvator of Austria</a> was heir presumptive to his brother <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_IV,_Grand_Duke_of_Tuscany" title="Ferdinand IV, Grand Duke of Tuscany">Ferdinand IV, Grand Duke of Tuscany</a>, until the monarchy was abolished in 1860.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Louis,_Count_of_Trani" title="Prince Louis, Count of Trani">Prince Louis, Count of Trani</a>, was heir presumptive to his half-brother <a href="/wiki/Francis_II_of_the_Two_Sicilies" title="Francis II of the Two Sicilies">Francis II of the Two Sicilies</a> until the monarchy was abolished in 1861.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Albert_of_Saxe-Coburg_and_Gotha" title="Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha">Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha</a>, was heir presumptive to his brother <a href="/wiki/Ernest_II,_Duke_of_Saxe-Coburg_and_Gotha" title="Ernest II, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha">Ernest II, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha</a>, until his death in 1861.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infante_Jo%C3%A3o,_Duke_of_Beja" title="Infante João, Duke of Beja">Infante João, Duke of Beja</a>, was heir presumptive to his brother <a href="/wiki/Lu%C3%ADs_I_of_Portugal" title="Luís I of Portugal">Luís I of Portugal</a> until his death in 1861.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand,_Hereditary_Prince_of_Denmark" title="Ferdinand, Hereditary Prince of Denmark">Ferdinand, Hereditary Prince of Denmark</a>, was heir presumptive to his nephew King <a href="/wiki/Frederick_VII_of_Denmark" title="Frederick VII of Denmark">Frederick VII of Denmark</a> until his death five months before his nephew in 1863.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_VII" title="Edward VII">Albert Edward, Prince of Wales</a>, in addition to being heir apparent to his mother <a href="/wiki/Queen_Victoria" title="Queen Victoria">Queen Victoria</a>, was also heir presumptive to his uncle <a href="/wiki/Ernest_II,_Duke_of_Saxe-Coburg_and_Gotha" title="Ernest II, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha">Ernest II, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha</a>, until renouncing his rights in favour of his younger brothers in 1863.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinklao" title="Pinklao">Pinklao</a> was heir presumptive to his brother <a href="/wiki/Mongkut" title="Mongkut">Mongkut</a> until his death in 1866.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_William_of_Hesse-Kassel" title="Prince William of Hesse-Kassel">Prince William of Hesse-Kassel</a> was heir presumptive to his cousin <a href="/wiki/Frederick_William,_Elector_of_Hesse" title="Frederick William, Elector of Hesse">Frederick William, Elector of Hesse</a>, until the monarchy was abolished in 1866.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_William_of_Hesse-Philippsthal-Barchfeld" title="Prince William of Hesse-Philippsthal-Barchfeld">Prince William of Hesse-Philippsthal-Barchfeld</a> was heir presumptive to his brother <a href="/wiki/Alexis,_Landgrave_of_Hesse-Philippsthal-Barchfeld" title="Alexis, Landgrave of Hesse-Philippsthal-Barchfeld">Alexis, Landgrave of Hesse-Philippsthal-Barchfeld</a>, until the monarchy was abolished in 1866.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Frederick_of_W%C3%BCrttemberg" title="Prince Frederick of Württemberg">Prince Frederick of Württemberg</a> was heir presumptive to his cousin and brother-in-law <a href="/wiki/Charles_I_of_W%C3%BCrttemberg" title="Charles I of Württemberg">Charles I of Württemberg</a> until his death in 1870.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Charles_of_Hesse_and_by_Rhine" title="Prince Charles of Hesse and by Rhine">Prince Charles of Hesse and by Rhine</a> was heir presumptive to his brother <a href="/wiki/Louis_III,_Grand_Duke_of_Hesse" title="Louis III, Grand Duke of Hesse">Louis III, Grand Duke of Hesse</a>, until his death a few months before his brother in 1877.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leopold,_Prince_of_Hohenzollern" title="Leopold, Prince of Hohenzollern">Leopold, Prince of Hohenzollern</a>, was heir presumptive to his brother <a href="/wiki/Carol_I_of_Romania" title="Carol I of Romania">Carol I of Romania</a> until he renounced his rights in favour of his sons.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William,_Prince_of_Hohenzollern" title="William, Prince of Hohenzollern">William, Prince of Hohenzollern</a>, was heir presumptive to his uncle <a href="/wiki/Carol_I_of_Romania" title="Carol I of Romania">Carol I of Romania</a> until he renounced his rights in favour of his younger brother <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_I_of_Romania" title="Ferdinand I of Romania">Ferdinand</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wichaichan" title="Wichaichan">Wichaichan</a> was heir presumptive to his cousin <a href="/wiki/Chulalongkorn" title="Chulalongkorn">Chulalongkorn</a> until his death in 1885.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercedes,_Princess_of_Asturias" class="mw-redirect" title="Mercedes, Princess of Asturias">Mercedes, Princess of Asturias</a>, daughter of <a href="/wiki/Alfonso_XII_of_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="Alfonso XII of Spain">Alfonso XII of Spain</a>, was the heir presumptive at her birth. After her father died, her posthumously born brother Alfonso became king as <a href="/wiki/Alfonso_XIII_of_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="Alfonso XIII of Spain">Alfonso XIII of Spain</a> and she remained the heir presumptive until her death in 1905.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isabel,_Princess_Imperial_of_Brazil" title="Isabel, Princess Imperial of Brazil">Isabel, Princess Imperial of Brazil</a>, was the heir presumptive to her father <a href="/wiki/Pedro_II_of_Brazil" title="Pedro II of Brazil">Pedro II of Brazil</a> on the throne of the <a href="/wiki/Empire_of_Brazil" title="Empire of Brazil">Empire of Brazil</a>. However, a <i><a href="/wiki/Coup_d%27etat" class="mw-redirect" title="Coup d'etat">coup d'etat</a></i> in 1889 proclaimed a Republic in the country, deposing the monarchy.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archduke_Karl_Ludwig_of_Austria" title="Archduke Karl Ludwig of Austria">Archduke Karl Ludwig of Austria</a> was the heir presumptive of his brother <a href="/wiki/Franz_Joseph_I_of_Austria" title="Franz Joseph I of Austria">Franz Joseph I of Austria</a> from the suicide of his nephew <a href="/wiki/Rudolf,_Crown_Prince_of_Austria" title="Rudolf, Crown Prince of Austria">Rudolf, Crown Prince of Austria</a>, until his death in 1896.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duke_William_of_W%C3%BCrttemberg" title="Duke William of Württemberg">Duke William of Württemberg</a> was heir presumptive to his cousin <a href="/wiki/William_II_of_W%C3%BCrttemberg" title="William II of Württemberg">William II of Württemberg</a> until his death in 1896.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Princess_Sophie_of_the_Netherlands" title="Princess Sophie of the Netherlands">Princess Sophie of the Netherlands</a> was heir presumptive to her niece Queen <a href="/wiki/Wilhelmina_of_the_Netherlands" title="Wilhelmina of the Netherlands">Wilhelmina of the Netherlands</a> until her death in 1897.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Duke_George_Alexandrovich_of_Russia" title="Grand Duke George Alexandrovich of Russia">Grand Duke George Alexandrovich of Russia</a> was heir presumptive to his brother <a href="/wiki/Nicholas_II_of_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Nicholas II of Russia">Nicholas II of Russia</a> until his death in 1899.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duke_Nicholas_of_W%C3%BCrttemberg" title="Duke Nicholas of Württemberg">Duke Nicholas of Württemberg</a> was heir presumptive to his cousin <a href="/wiki/William_II_of_W%C3%BCrttemberg" title="William II of Württemberg">William II of Württemberg</a> until his death in 1903.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernest,_Count_of_Lippe-Biesterfeld" title="Ernest, Count of Lippe-Biesterfeld">Ernest, Count of Lippe-Biesterfeld</a> was heir presumptive to his cousin <a href="/wiki/Alexander,_Prince_of_Lippe" title="Alexander, Prince of Lippe">Alexander, Prince of Lippe</a> until his death in 1904.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Philippe,_Count_of_Flanders" title="Prince Philippe, Count of Flanders">Prince Philippe, Count of Flanders</a>, was the heir presumptive of his older brother King <a href="/wiki/Leopold_II_of_Belgium" title="Leopold II of Belgium">Leopold II of Belgium</a> after the death of his nephew <a href="/wiki/Prince_Leopold,_Duke_of_Brabant" title="Prince Leopold, Duke of Brabant">Prince Leopold, Duke of Brabant</a>, until his own death in 1905.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Arthur,_Duke_of_Connaught_and_Strathearn" title="Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn">Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn</a>, was heir presumptive to his brother <a href="/wiki/Alfred,_Duke_of_Saxe-Coburg_and_Gotha" title="Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha">Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha</a>, until he renounced his rights and that of his son <a href="/wiki/Prince_Arthur_of_Connaught" title="Prince Arthur of Connaught">Prince Arthur of Connaught</a> in favour of his nephew <a href="/wiki/Charles_Edward,_Duke_of_Saxe-Coburg_and_Gotha" title="Charles Edward, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha">Charles Edward</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Moritz_of_Saxe-Altenburg" title="Prince Moritz of Saxe-Altenburg">Prince Moritz of Saxe-Altenburg</a> was heir presumptive to his brother <a href="/wiki/Ernst_I,_Duke_of_Saxe-Altenburg" title="Ernst I, Duke of Saxe-Altenburg">Ernst I, Duke of Saxe-Altenburg</a>, until his death in 1907.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afonso,_Prince_Royal_of_Portugal" class="mw-redirect" title="Afonso, Prince Royal of Portugal">Afonso, Prince Royal of Portugal</a>, was the heir presumptive of his nephew <a href="/wiki/Manuel_II_of_Portugal" title="Manuel II of Portugal">Manuel II of Portugal</a> until the <a href="/wiki/5_October_1910_revolution" title="5 October 1910 revolution">monarchy was abolished</a> in 1910.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pujie" title="Pujie">Pujie</a> was heir presumptive to his brother <a href="/wiki/Puyi" title="Puyi">Puyi</a> until the <a href="/wiki/Xinhai_Revolution" class="mw-redirect" title="Xinhai Revolution">Xinhai Revolution</a> in 1911, and <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China_(1912%E2%80%931949)" title="Republic of China (1912–1949)">Republic of China</a> founded in 1912. He became heir presumptive again after the puppet regime <a href="/wiki/Manchukuo" title="Manchukuo">Manchukuo</a> after the <a href="/wiki/Mukden_Incident" class="mw-redirect" title="Mukden Incident">Mukden Incident</a>, while Puyi became the emperor of Manchukuo as well until the <a href="/wiki/Surrender_of_Japan" title="Surrender of Japan">surrender of Japan</a> in 1945.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luitpold,_Prince_Regent_of_Bavaria" title="Luitpold, Prince Regent of Bavaria">Luitpold, Prince Regent of Bavaria</a>, was heir presumptive to his nephew <a href="/wiki/Otto,_King_of_Bavaria" title="Otto, King of Bavaria">Otto, King of Bavaria</a> until his death in 1912.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archduke_Franz_Ferdinand_of_Austria" title="Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria">Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria</a> was the heir presumptive of his uncle Emperor <a href="/wiki/Franz_Joseph_I_of_Austria" title="Franz Joseph I of Austria">Franz Joseph I of Austria</a> until his <a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Archduke_Franz_Ferdinand" title="Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand">assassination</a> June 28, 1914, in <a href="/wiki/Sarajevo" title="Sarajevo">Sarajevo</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duke_Philipp_of_W%C3%BCrttemberg" title="Duke Philipp of Württemberg">Duke Philipp of Württemberg</a> was heir presumptive to his cousin <a href="/wiki/William_II_of_W%C3%BCrttemberg" title="William II of Württemberg">William II of Württemberg</a> until his death in 1917.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Maximilian_of_Baden" title="Prince Maximilian of Baden">Prince Maximilian of Baden</a> was heir presumptive to his cousin <a href="/wiki/Frederick_II,_Grand_Duke_of_Baden" title="Frederick II, Grand Duke of Baden">Frederick II, Grand Duke of Baden</a>, until the <a href="/wiki/German_Revolution_of_1918%E2%80%9319" class="mw-redirect" title="German Revolution of 1918–19">monarchy was abolished</a> in 1918.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Michael,_Duke_of_Mecklenburg" title="Charles Michael, Duke of Mecklenburg">Charles Michael, Duke of Mecklenburg</a>, was heir presumptive to his cousin <a href="/wiki/Adolphus_Frederick_VI,_Grand_Duke_of_Mecklenburg-Strelitz" class="mw-redirect" title="Adolphus Frederick VI, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz">Adolphus Frederick VI, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz</a>, until the throne became vacant and was later abolished in 1918.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernst,_Prince_of_Saxe-Meiningen" title="Ernst, Prince of Saxe-Meiningen">Ernst, Prince of Saxe-Meiningen</a>, was heir presumptive to his half-brother <a href="/wiki/Bernhard_III,_Duke_of_Saxe-Meiningen" title="Bernhard III, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen">Bernhard III, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen</a>, until the monarchy was abolished in 1918.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albrecht,_Duke_of_W%C3%BCrttemberg" title="Albrecht, Duke of Württemberg">Albrecht, Duke of Württemberg</a>, was heir presumptive to his cousin <a href="/wiki/William_II_of_W%C3%BCrttemberg" title="William II of Württemberg">William II of Württemberg</a> until the monarchy was abolished in 1918.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolrad,_Prince_of_Schaumburg-Lippe" title="Wolrad, Prince of Schaumburg-Lippe">Wolrad, Prince of Schaumburg-Lippe</a>, was heir presumptive to his brother <a href="/wiki/Adolf_II,_Prince_of_Schaumburg-Lippe" title="Adolf II, Prince of Schaumburg-Lippe">Adolf II, Prince of Schaumburg-Lippe</a>, until the monarchy was abolished in 1918.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sizzo,_Prince_of_Schwarzburg" title="Sizzo, Prince of Schwarzburg">Sizzo, Prince of Schwarzburg</a>, was heir presumptive to his cousin <a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCnther_Victor,_Prince_of_Schwarzburg" title="Günther Victor, Prince of Schwarzburg">Günther Victor, Prince of Schwarzburg</a>, until the monarchy was abolished in 1918.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinrich_XXVII,_Prince_Reuss_Younger_Line" title="Heinrich XXVII, Prince Reuss Younger Line">Heinrich XXVII, Prince Reuss Younger Line</a>, in addition to ruling his own principality, was heir presumptive to his cousin <a href="/wiki/Heinrich_XXIV,_Prince_Reuss_of_Greiz" title="Heinrich XXIV, Prince Reuss of Greiz">Heinrich XXIV, Prince Reuss of Greiz</a>, until both monarchies were abolished in 1918.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chakrabongse_Bhuvanath" title="Chakrabongse Bhuvanath">Chakrabongse Bhuvanath</a> was heir presumptive to his brother <a href="/wiki/Vajiravudh" title="Vajiravudh">Vajiravudh</a> until his death in 1920.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asdang_Dejavudh" title="Asdang Dejavudh">Asdang Dejavudh</a> was heir presumptive to his brother <a href="/wiki/Vajiravudh" title="Vajiravudh">Vajiravudh</a> until his death in 1924.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Varananda_Dhavaj" title="Varananda Dhavaj">Varananda Dhavaj</a> was heir presumptive to his uncle <a href="/wiki/Vajiravudh" title="Vajiravudh">Vajiravudh</a> until being replaced as heir by his other uncle <a href="/wiki/Prajadhipok" title="Prajadhipok">Prajadhipok</a> in 1924.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahidol_Adulyadej" title="Mahidol Adulyadej">Mahidol Adulyadej</a> was heir presumptive to his half-brother <a href="/wiki/Prajadhipok" title="Prajadhipok">Prajadhipok</a> until his death in 1929.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiril,_Prince_of_Preslav" title="Kiril, Prince of Preslav">Kiril, Prince of Preslav</a> was heir presumptive to his nephew <a href="/wiki/Simeon_Saxe-Coburg-Gotha" title="Simeon Saxe-Coburg-Gotha">Simeon II of Bulgaria</a>, until his execution by Communists in 1945.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Nicholas_of_Romania" title="Prince Nicholas of Romania">Prince Nicholas of Romania</a> was heir presumptive to his nephew <a href="/wiki/Michael_I_of_Romania" title="Michael I of Romania">Michael I of Romania</a> until the <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Republic_of_Romania" title="Socialist Republic of Romania">monarchy was abolished</a> in 1947.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Princess_Charlotte,_Duchess_of_Valentinois" title="Princess Charlotte, Duchess of Valentinois">Princess Charlotte, Duchess of Valentinois</a>, was heir presumptive to her father <a href="/wiki/Louis_II,_Prince_of_Monaco" title="Louis II, Prince of Monaco">Louis II, Prince of Monaco</a>, until <a href="/wiki/Monaco_succession_crisis_of_1918" title="Monaco succession crisis of 1918">renouncing her rights</a> in favour of her son <a href="/wiki/Rainier_III,_Prince_of_Monaco" title="Rainier III, Prince of Monaco">Rainier</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Knud_of_Denmark" class="mw-redirect" title="Prince Knud of Denmark">Prince Knud of Denmark</a> was the heir presumptive of his brother King <a href="/wiki/Frederik_IX_of_Denmark" class="mw-redirect" title="Frederik IX of Denmark">Frederik IX of Denmark</a>, but an amendment to the Danish Constitution in 1953 replaced the previously semi-Salic succession with male-preference primogeniture and proclaimed King Frederick's eldest daughter Princess Margrethe, later Queen <a href="/wiki/Margrethe_II_of_Denmark" class="mw-redirect" title="Margrethe II of Denmark">Margrethe II of Denmark</a>, heir presumptive.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_II" title="Elizabeth II">Princess Elizabeth, Duchess of Edinburgh</a> was heir presumptive to her father <a href="/wiki/George_VI" title="George VI">George VI</a> in India until it became a republic in 1950, as well as <a href="/wiki/Dominion_of_Newfoundland" title="Dominion of Newfoundland">Newfoundland</a> until <a href="/wiki/Newfoundland_Act" title="Newfoundland Act">it joined Canada</a> in 1949 (she reigned as Queen of Canada from 6 February 1952 until <a href="/wiki/Death_of_Elizabeth_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Death of Elizabeth II">her death on 8 September 2022</a>).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohammed_Ali_Tewfik" title="Mohammed Ali Tewfik">Mohammed Ali Tewfik</a> was heir presumptive to <a href="/wiki/Fuad_II_of_Egypt" title="Fuad II of Egypt">Fuad II of Egypt</a> until the <a href="/wiki/Egyptian_revolution_of_1952" class="mw-redirect" title="Egyptian revolution of 1952">monarchy was abolished</a> in 1953.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%27Abd_al-Ilah" class="mw-redirect" title="'Abd al-Ilah">'Abd al-Ilah</a> was heir presumptive to his nephew <a href="/wiki/Faisal_II_of_Iraq" class="mw-redirect" title="Faisal II of Iraq">Faisal II of Iraq</a> until they were both <a href="/wiki/14_July_Revolution" title="14 July Revolution">executed</a> in 1958.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunku_Abdul_Malik" title="Tunku Abdul Malik">Tunku Abdul Malik</a> was heir presumptive to his brother <a href="/wiki/Abdul_Halim_of_Kedah" title="Abdul Halim of Kedah">Abdul Halim of Kedah</a> until his death in 2015.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heir_presumptive&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://definitions.uslegal.com/h/heir-presumptive/">"Heir Presumptive Law & Legal Definition"</a>. USLegal.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-11-07</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Heir+Presumptive+Law+%26+Legal+Definition&rft.pub=USLegal.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdefinitions.uslegal.com%2Fh%2Fheir-presumptive%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHeir+presumptive" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dictionary.reverso.net/english-definition/presumptive%20nominee">"Heir presumptive"</a>. Reverso.net<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-11-07</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Heir+presumptive&rft.pub=Reverso.net&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdictionary.reverso.net%2Fenglish-definition%2Fpresumptive%2520nominee&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHeir+presumptive" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://royalcentral.co.uk/features/the-primogeniture-paradox-the-posthumous-heir-54339/">"The primogeniture paradox: the posthumous heir"</a>. <i>Royal Central</i>. 2015-10-02<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-05-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Royal+Central&rft.atitle=The+primogeniture+paradox%3A+the+posthumous+heir&rft.date=2015-10-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Froyalcentral.co.uk%2Ffeatures%2Fthe-primogeniture-paradox-the-posthumous-heir-54339%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHeir+presumptive" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/19509/page/1581">"Page 1581 | Issue 19509, 20 June 1837 | London Gazette | The Gazette"</a>. <i>www.thegazette.co.uk</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-07-14</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.thegazette.co.uk&rft.atitle=Page+1581+%7C+Issue+19509%2C+20+June+1837+%7C+London+Gazette+%7C+The+Gazette&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thegazette.co.uk%2FLondon%2Fissue%2F19509%2Fpage%2F1581&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHeir+presumptive" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newstatesman.com/culture/2017/09/can-unborn-baby-really-inherit-british-crown-and-whats-got-do-game-thrones">"Can an unborn baby really inherit the British Crown (and what's that got to do with Game of Thrones?)"</a>. <i>New Statesman</i>. 2017-09-05<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-05-29</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=New+Statesman&rft.atitle=Can+an+unborn+baby+really+inherit+the+British+Crown+%28and+what%27s+that+got+to+do+with+Game+of+Thrones%3F%29&rft.date=2017-09-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newstatesman.com%2Fculture%2F2017%2F09%2Fcan-unborn-baby-really-inherit-british-crown-and-whats-got-do-game-thrones&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHeir+presumptive" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPackard1999" class="citation book cs1">Packard, Jerrold M. (1999-12-23). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=i7QDd-YoQ7gC&pg=PT432"><i>Victoria's Daughters</i></a>. St. Martin's Publishing Group. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4299-6490-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4299-6490-6"><bdi>978-1-4299-6490-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Victoria%27s+Daughters&rft.pub=St.+Martin%27s+Publishing+Group&rft.date=1999-12-23&rft.isbn=978-1-4299-6490-6&rft.aulast=Packard&rft.aufirst=Jerrold+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Di7QDd-YoQ7gC%26pg%3DPT432&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHeir+presumptive" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Heir_presumptive&oldid=1271189899">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Heir_presumptive&oldid=1271189899</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Monarchy" title="Category:Monarchy">Monarchy</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Inheritance" title="Category:Inheritance">Inheritance</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Heirs_to_the_throne" title="Category:Heirs to the throne">Heirs to the throne</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:EngvarB_from_July_2021" title="Category:EngvarB from July 2021">EngvarB from July 2021</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_needing_additional_references_from_December_2009" title="Category:Articles needing additional references from December 2009">Articles needing additional references from December 2009</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_needing_additional_references" title="Category:All articles needing additional references">All articles needing additional references</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 22 January 2025, at 23:21<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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