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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Classical mythology</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Classical_mythology-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Classical mythology subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Classical_mythology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Central_story" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Central_story"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Central story</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Central_story-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_classical_art" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_classical_art"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>In classical art</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_classical_art-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Variants" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Variants"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Variants</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Variants-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Constellations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Constellations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Constellations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Constellations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_literature" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_literature"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>In literature</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-In_literature-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle In literature subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-In_literature-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-In_poetry" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_poetry"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>In poetry</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_poetry-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_novels" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_novels"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>In novels</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_novels-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_the_performing_arts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_the_performing_arts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>In the performing arts</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-In_the_performing_arts-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle In the performing arts subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-In_the_performing_arts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-In_theatre" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_theatre"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>In theatre</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_theatre-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_music_and_opera" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_music_and_opera"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>In music and opera</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_music_and_opera-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_film" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_film"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>In film</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_film-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_art" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_art"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>In art</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-In_art-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle In art subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-In_art-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Merged_traditions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Merged_traditions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Merged traditions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Merged_traditions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Idealized_beauty_to_realism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Idealized_beauty_to_realism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Idealized beauty to realism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Idealized_beauty_to_realism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Varied_materials_and_approaches" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Varied_materials_and_approaches"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>Varied materials and approaches</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Varied_materials_and_approaches-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Analysis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Analysis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Analysis</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Analysis-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Analysis subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Analysis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ethnicity" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ethnicity"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Ethnicity</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ethnicity-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bondage_and_rescue" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bondage_and_rescue"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Bondage and rescue</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bondage_and_rescue-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Andromeda (mythology)</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 69 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-69" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">69 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andromeda_(mitologie)" title="Andromeda (mitologie) – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Andromeda (mitologie)" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%AF%D8%A7_(%D8%A3%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A9)" title="أندروميدا (أسطورة) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="أندروميدا (أسطورة)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andromeda_(mifologiya)" title="Andromeda (mifologiya) – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Andromeda (mifologiya)" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%85%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%A1%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BE_(%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A3)" title="অ্যানড্রোমিডা (পুরাণ) – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="অ্যানড্রোমিডা (পুরাণ)" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0_(%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F)" title="Андромеда (мифология) – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Андромеда (мифология)" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Андрамеда – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Андрамеда" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0_(%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F)" title="Андромеда (митология) – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Андромеда (митология)" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andromeda_(mitologija)" title="Andromeda (mitologija) – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Andromeda (mitologija)" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andromeda" title="Andromeda – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Andromeda" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andr%C3%B2meda_(mitologia)" title="Andròmeda (mitologia) – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Andròmeda (mitologia)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0_(%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%BB%D3%91%D1%85)" title="Андромеда (халаплӑх) – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Андромеда (халаплӑх)" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andromeda_(mytologie)" title="Andromeda (mytologie) – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Andromeda (mytologie)" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andromeda_(mytholeg)" title="Andromeda (mytholeg) – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Andromeda (mytholeg)" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andromeda_(mytologi)" title="Andromeda (mytologi) – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Andromeda (mytologi)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andromeda_(Mythologie)" title="Andromeda (Mythologie) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Andromeda (Mythologie)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andromeda" title="Andromeda – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Andromeda" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CE%BD%CE%B4%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%B4%CE%B1_(%CE%BC%CF%85%CE%B8%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%AF%CE%B1)" title="Ανδρομέδα (μυθολογία) – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ανδρομέδα (μυθολογία)" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andr%C3%B3meda_(mitolog%C3%ADa)" title="Andrómeda (mitología) – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Andrómeda (mitología)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andromedo_(mitologio)" title="Andromedo (mitologio) – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Andromedo (mitologio)" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andromeda_(mitologia)" title="Andromeda (mitologia) – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Andromeda (mitologia)" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85%D8%AF%D9%87" title="آندرومده – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آندرومده" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Androm%C3%A8de_(mythologie)" title="Andromède (mythologie) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Andromède (mythologie)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andraim%C3%A9ide" title="Andraiméide – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Andraiméide" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andr%C3%B3meda_(mitolox%C3%ADa)" title="Andrómeda (mitoloxía) – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Andrómeda (mitoloxía)" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%88%EB%93%9C%EB%A1%9C%EB%A9%94%EB%8B%A4" title="안드로메다 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="안드로메다" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%B6%D5%A4%D6%80%D5%B8%D5%B4%D5%A5%D5%A4%D5%A1_(%D5%A4%D5%AB%D6%81%D5%A1%D5%A2%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6)" title="Անդրոմեդա (դիցաբանություն) – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Անդրոմեդա (դիցաբանություն)" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andromeda_(mitologija)" title="Andromeda (mitologija) – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Andromeda (mitologija)" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andromeda_(mitologi)" title="Andromeda (mitologi) – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Andromeda (mitologi)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andr%C3%B3meda_(gr%C3%ADsk_go%C3%B0afr%C3%A6%C3%B0i)" title="Andrómeda (grísk goðafræði) – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Andrómeda (grísk goðafræði)" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andromeda_(mitologia)" title="Andromeda (mitologia) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Andromeda (mitologia)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%93%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%93%D7%94" title="אנדרומדה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אנדרומדה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%86%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A1%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8A%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%A1" title="ಆಂಡ್ರೊಮಿಡ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಆಂಡ್ರೊಮಿಡ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%93%E1%83%94_(%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%97%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%92%E1%83%98%E1%83%90)" title="ანდრომედე (მითოლოგია) – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ანდრომედე (მითოლოგია)" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andromeda_(m%C3%AEtoloj%C3%AE)" title="Andromeda (mîtolojî) – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Andromeda (mîtolojî)" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andromeda" title="Andromeda – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Andromeda" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andromeda_(mitolo%C4%A3ija)" title="Andromeda (mitoloģija) – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Andromeda (mitoloģija)" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andromeda_(mitologija)" title="Andromeda (mitologija) – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Andromeda (mitologija)" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Androm%C3%A9da_(mitol%C3%B3gia)" title="Androméda (mitológia) – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Androméda (mitológia)" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0_(%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0)" title="Андромеда (митологија) – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Андромеда (митологија)" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andr%C3%B4meda" title="Andrômeda – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Andrômeda" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%86%E0%B5%BB%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A1" title="ആൻഡ്രോമീഡ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ആൻഡ്രോമീഡ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%AF%D8%A7_(%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%AB%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%A7)" title="اندروميدا (ميثولوجيا) – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="اندروميدا (ميثولوجيا)" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andromeda_(mythologie)" title="Andromeda (mythologie) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Andromeda (mythologie)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89%E3%83%AD%E3%83%A1%E3%83%80%E3%83%BC" title="アンドロメダー – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アンドロメダー" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andromeda_(mytologi)" title="Andromeda (mytologi) – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Andromeda (mytologi)" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andromeda" title="Andromeda – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Andromeda" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andromeda" title="Andromeda – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Andromeda" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%90%E0%A8%82%E0%A8%A1%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%A1%E0%A8%BE_(%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%A5%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%B9%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8)" title="ਐਂਡਰੋਮੇਡਾ (ਮਿਥਿਹਾਸ) – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਐਂਡਰੋਮੇਡਾ (ਮਿਥਿਹਾਸ)" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andromeda_(mitologia)" title="Andromeda (mitologia) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Andromeda (mitologia)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andr%C3%B4meda_(mitologia)" title="Andrômeda (mitologia) – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Andrômeda (mitologia)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andromeda_(mitologie)" title="Andromeda (mitologie) – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Andromeda (mitologie)" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0_(%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F)" title="Андромеда (мифология) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Андромеда (мифология)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andromeda_(mitologjia_greke)" title="Andromeda (mitologjia greke) – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Andromeda (mitologjia greke)" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andromeda_(mythology)" title="Andromeda (mythology) – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Andromeda (mythology)" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andromeda_(mytol%C3%B3gia)" title="Andromeda (mytológia) – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Andromeda (mytológia)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andromeda_(mitologija)" title="Andromeda (mitologija) – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Andromeda (mitologija)" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0_(%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0)" title="Андромеда (митологија) – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Андромеда (митологија)" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andromeda_(mitologija)" title="Andromeda (mitologija) – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Andromeda (mitologija)" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andromeda_(mytologia)" title="Andromeda (mytologia) – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Andromeda (mytologia)" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andromeda_(mytologi)" title="Andromeda (mytologi) – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Andromeda (mytologi)" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0_(%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F)" title="Андромеда (мифология) – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Андромеда (мифология)" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B2" title="แอนดรอมิดา – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="แอนดรอมิดา" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andromeda_(mitoloji)" title="Andromeda (mitoloji) – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Andromeda (mitoloji)" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Андромеда – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Андромеда" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andromeda" title="Andromeda – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Andromeda" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andromeda_(mitolohiya)" title="Andromeda (mitolohiya) – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Andromeda (mitolohiya)" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%BE%B7%E6%B4%9B%E5%A2%A8%E8%BE%BE" title="安德洛墨达 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="安德洛墨达" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%BE%B7%E7%BE%85%E7%BE%8E%E9%81%94" title="安德羅美達 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="安德羅美達" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%BE%B7%E6%B4%9B%E5%A2%A8%E9%81%94" title="安德洛墨達 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="安德洛墨達" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q161582#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" 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Click here for more information." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/19px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/29px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/39px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Aethiopian princess in Greek mythology</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Perseus and Andromeda" redirects here. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Perseus_and_Andromeda_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Perseus and Andromeda (disambiguation)">Perseus and Andromeda (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;background-color: #CEF2E0;">Andromeda</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div style="font-size: 110%;">Princess of <a href="/wiki/Aethiopia" title="Aethiopia">Aethiopia</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Perseus_Andromeda_MAN_Napoli_Inv8998.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Perseus_Andromeda_MAN_Napoli_Inv8998.jpg/220px-Perseus_Andromeda_MAN_Napoli_Inv8998.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="248" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Perseus_Andromeda_MAN_Napoli_Inv8998.jpg/330px-Perseus_Andromeda_MAN_Napoli_Inv8998.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Perseus_Andromeda_MAN_Napoli_Inv8998.jpg/440px-Perseus_Andromeda_MAN_Napoli_Inv8998.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3104" data-file-height="3500" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Perseus freeing Andromeda after killing Cetus, 1st century AD fresco from the Casa Dei Dioscuri, <a href="/wiki/Pompeii" title="Pompeii">Pompeii</a></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #CEF2E0;">Genealogy</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline;" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Aethiopia" title="Aethiopia">Aethiopia</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Parents</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Cepheus,_King_of_Aethiopia" class="mw-redirect" title="Cepheus, King of Aethiopia">Cepheus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cassiopeia_(Queen_of_Ethiopia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cassiopeia (Queen of Ethiopia)">Cassiopeia</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Consort</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Perseus" title="Perseus">Perseus</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Offspring</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Perses_(son_of_Andromeda_and_Perseus)" class="mw-redirect" title="Perses (son of Andromeda and Perseus)">Perses</a>, <a href="/wiki/Heleus" title="Heleus">Heleus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alcaeus_(mythology)" title="Alcaeus (mythology)">Alcaeus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sthenelus_(son_of_Perseus)" title="Sthenelus (son of Perseus)">Sthenelus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Electryon" title="Electryon">Electryon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mestor" title="Mestor">Mestor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gorgophone_(daughter_of_Perseus)" title="Gorgophone (daughter of Perseus)">Gorgophone</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Greek_mythology" title="Greek mythology">Greek mythology</a>, <b>Andromeda</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/æ/: 'a' in 'bad'">æ</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'d' in 'dye'">d</span><span title="'r' in 'rye'">r</span><span title="/ɒ/: 'o' in 'body'">ɒ</span><span title="'m' in 'my'">m</span><span title="/ɪ/: 'i' in 'kit'">ɪ</span><span title="'d' in 'dye'">d</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span></span>/</a></span></span>; <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient Greek language">Ancient Greek</a>: <span lang="grc">Ἀνδρομέδα</span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Ancient_Greek" class="mw-redirect" title="Romanization of Ancient Greek">romanized</a>: </small><span title="Ancient Greek-language romanization"><i lang="grc-Latn">Androméda</i></span> or <span title="Ancient Greek-language text"><span lang="grc">Ἀνδρομέδη</span></span>, <span title="Ancient Greek-language romanization"><i lang="grc-Latn">Andromédē</i></span>) is the daughter of <a href="/wiki/Cepheus_(father_of_Andromeda)" title="Cepheus (father of Andromeda)">Cepheus</a>, the king of <a href="/wiki/Aethiopia" title="Aethiopia">Aethiopia</a>, and his wife, <a href="/wiki/Cassiopeia_(mother_of_Andromeda)" title="Cassiopeia (mother of Andromeda)">Cassiopeia</a>. When Cassiopeia boasts that she (or Andromeda) is more beautiful than the <a href="/wiki/Nereids" title="Nereids">Nereids</a>, <a href="/wiki/Poseidon" title="Poseidon">Poseidon</a> sends the <a href="/wiki/Sea_monster" title="Sea monster">sea monster</a> <a href="/wiki/Cetus_(mythology)" title="Cetus (mythology)">Cetus</a> to ravage the coast of Aethiopia as <a href="/wiki/Divine_punishment" class="mw-redirect" title="Divine punishment">divine punishment</a>. Queen <a href="/wiki/Cassiopeia_(mother_of_Andromeda)" title="Cassiopeia (mother of Andromeda)">Cassiopeia</a> understands that chaining Andromeda to a rock as a <a href="/wiki/Human_sacrifice" title="Human sacrifice">human sacrifice</a> is what will appease Poseidon. <a href="/wiki/Perseus" title="Perseus">Perseus</a> finds her as he is coming back from his quest to decapitate <a href="/wiki/Medusa" title="Medusa">Medusa</a>, and brings her back to Greece to marry her and let her reign as his queen. With the head of Medusa, Perseus <a href="/wiki/Petrifaction_in_mythology_and_fiction" title="Petrifaction in mythology and fiction">petrifies</a> Cetus to stop it from terrorizing the coast any longer. </p><p>As a subject, Andromeda has been popular in art since <a href="/wiki/Classical_antiquity" title="Classical antiquity">classical antiquity</a>; rescued by a <a href="/wiki/Greek_hero_cult" title="Greek hero cult">Greek hero</a>, Andromeda's narration is considered the forerunner to the "<a href="/wiki/Princess_and_dragon" title="Princess and dragon">princess and dragon</a>" <a href="/wiki/Motif_(narrative)" title="Motif (narrative)">motif</a>. From the <a href="/wiki/Renaissance" title="Renaissance">Renaissance</a>, interest revived in the original story, typically as derived from <a href="/wiki/Ovid" title="Ovid">Ovid</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Metamorphoses" title="Metamorphoses">Metamorphoses</a></i>. The story has appeared many times in such diverse media as plays, poetry, novels, operas, classical and popular music, film, and paintings. A significant part of the northern sky contains several <a href="/wiki/Constellation" title="Constellation">constellations</a> named after the story's figures; in particular, the constellation <a href="/wiki/Andromeda_(constellation)" title="Andromeda (constellation)">Andromeda</a> is named after her. </p><p>The Andromeda tradition, from classical antiquity onwards, has incorporated elements of other stories, including <a href="/wiki/Saint_George_and_the_Dragon" title="Saint George and the Dragon">Saint George and the Dragon</a>, introducing a horse for the hero, and the tale of <a href="/wiki/Pegasus" title="Pegasus">Pegasus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bellerophon" title="Bellerophon">Bellerophon</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Winged_horse" title="Winged horse">winged horse</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Whatley_2004_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Whatley_2004-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Ludovico_Ariosto" title="Ludovico Ariosto">Ludovico Ariosto</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Epic_poem" class="mw-redirect" title="Epic poem">epic poem</a> <span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it"><a href="/wiki/Orlando_Furioso" title="Orlando Furioso">Orlando Furioso</a></i></span>, which tells a similar story, has introduced further confusion.<sup id="cite_ref-National_Gallery_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-National_Gallery-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The tradition has been criticized for depicting the princess of Aethiopia as a <a href="/wiki/White_woman" class="mw-redirect" title="White woman">white woman</a>; few artists have chosen to portray her as <a href="/wiki/Dark-skinned" class="mw-redirect" title="Dark-skinned">dark-skinned</a>, despite Ovid's account of her.<sup id="cite_ref-Ekall_2021_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ekall_2021-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Others have noted that Perseus's liberation of Andromeda was a popular choice of subject among male artists, reinforcing a narrative of <a href="/wiki/Male_supremacy" class="mw-redirect" title="Male supremacy">male superiority</a> with its powerful male hero and its <a href="/wiki/Submissive" class="mw-redirect" title="Submissive">submissive</a> female in <a href="/wiki/Physical_restraint" title="Physical restraint">bondage</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Munich_1989_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Munich_1989-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Knutson_1992_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Knutson_1992-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andromeda_(mythology)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The name Andromeda is from the Greek <span title="Ancient Greek-language text"><span lang="grc">Ἀνδρομέδα</span></span>, <span title="Ancient Greek-language romanization"><i lang="grc-Latn">Androméda</i></span>, perhaps meaning 'mindful of her husband'. The name is from the noun <span title="Ancient Greek-language text"><span lang="grc"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E1%BC%80%CE%BD%CE%AE%CF%81" class="extiw" title="wikt:ἀνήρ">ἀνήρ, ἀνδρός</a></span></span>, <span title="Ancient Greek-language romanization"><i lang="grc-Latn">anḗr, andrós</i></span> meaning 'man', and a verb, whether <span title="Ancient Greek-language text"><span lang="grc">μέδεσθαι</span></span>, <span title="Ancient Greek-language romanization"><i lang="grc-Latn">medesthai</i></span>, 'to be mindful of', <span title="Ancient Greek-language text"><span lang="grc"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%B4%CF%89" class="extiw" title="wikt:μέδω">μέδω</a></span></span>, <span title="Ancient Greek-language romanization"><i lang="grc-Latn">médō</i></span>, 'to protect, rule over', or <span title="Ancient Greek-language text"><span lang="grc">μήδομαι</span></span>, <span title="Ancient Greek-language romanization"><i lang="grc-Latn">mḗdomai</i></span>, 'to deliberate, contrive, decide', all related to <span title="Ancient Greek-language text"><span lang="grc">μήδεια</span></span>, <span title="Ancient Greek-language romanization"><i lang="grc-Latn">mḗdeia</i></span>, 'plans, cunning', the likely origin of the name of <a href="/wiki/Medea" title="Medea">Medea</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Sorcery_(goetia)" title="Sorcery (goetia)">sorceress</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-OEtymDict_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OEtymDict-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Classical_mythology">Classical mythology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andromeda_(mythology)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Classical mythology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Central_story">Central story</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andromeda_(mythology)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Central story"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Greek_mythology" title="Greek mythology">Greek mythology</a>, Andromeda is the daughter of <a href="/wiki/Cepheus,_King_of_Aethiopia" class="mw-redirect" title="Cepheus, King of Aethiopia">Cepheus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cassiopeia_(Queen_of_Aethiopia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cassiopeia (Queen of Aethiopia)">Cassiopeia</a>, king and queen of the kingdom of <a href="/wiki/Aethiopia" title="Aethiopia">Aethiopia</a>. Her mother Cassiopeia foolishly boasts that she is more beautiful than the <a href="/wiki/Nereids" title="Nereids">Nereids</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a display of <a href="/wiki/Hubris" title="Hubris">hubris</a> by a human that is unacceptable to the gods. To punish the queen for her arrogance, <a href="/wiki/Poseidon" title="Poseidon">Poseidon</a> floods the kingdom's coast and sends a <a href="/wiki/Sea_monster" title="Sea monster">sea monster</a> named <a href="/wiki/Cetus_(mythology)" title="Cetus (mythology)">Cetus</a> to ravage its inhabitants. In desperation, King Cepheus consults the <a href="/wiki/Oracle" title="Oracle">oracle</a> of <a href="/wiki/Amun" title="Amun">Ammon</a>, who announces that no respite can be found until the king <a href="/wiki/Human_sacrifice" title="Human sacrifice">sacrifices</a> his daughter, Andromeda, to the monster. She is thus stripped naked and chained to a rock in <a href="/wiki/Jaffa" title="Jaffa">Jaffa</a> by the sea to await her death. <a href="/wiki/Perseus" title="Perseus">Perseus</a> is just then flying near the coast of Aethiopia on his <a href="/wiki/Winged_sandals" class="mw-redirect" title="Winged sandals">winged sandals</a> or on Pegasus the winged horse, having slain the <a href="/wiki/Gorgon" class="mw-redirect" title="Gorgon">Gorgon</a> <a href="/wiki/Medusa" title="Medusa">Medusa</a> and carrying her severed head, which instantly <a href="/wiki/Petrifaction_in_mythology_and_fiction" title="Petrifaction in mythology and fiction">petrifies</a> any who look at it. Upon seeing Andromeda bound to the rock, Perseus falls in love with her, and he secures Cepheus's promise of her hand in marriage if he can save her. Perseus kills the monster with the Medusa's head, saving Andromeda. Preparations are then made for their marriage, in spite of her having been previously promised to her uncle, <a href="/wiki/Phineus_(son_of_Belus)" title="Phineus (son of Belus)">Phineus</a>. At the wedding, a quarrel between the rivals ends when Perseus shows Medusa's head to Phineus and his allies, turning them to stone.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Andromeda follows her husband to his native island of <a href="/wiki/Serifos" title="Serifos">Seriphos</a>, where he rescues his mother, <a href="/wiki/Dana%C3%AB" title="Danaë">Danaë</a> from her unwanted wedding to the King of that island.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They next go to <a href="/wiki/Argos,_Peloponnese" title="Argos, Peloponnese">Argos</a>, where Perseus is the rightful heir to the throne. However, after accidentally killing his grandfather <a href="/wiki/Acrisius" title="Acrisius">Acrisius</a>, the king of Argos, Perseus chooses to become king of neighboring <a href="/wiki/Tiryns" title="Tiryns">Tiryns</a> instead.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The mythographer <a href="/wiki/Bibliotheca_(Pseudo-Apollodorus)" title="Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)">Apollodorus</a> states that Perseus and Andromeda have six sons: <a href="/wiki/Perses_(son_of_Andromeda_and_Perseus)" class="mw-redirect" title="Perses (son of Andromeda and Perseus)">Perses</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alcaeus_(mythology)" title="Alcaeus (mythology)">Alcaeus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Heleus" title="Heleus">Heleus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mestor" title="Mestor">Mestor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sthenelus_(son_of_Andromeda_and_Perseus)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sthenelus (son of Andromeda and Perseus)">Sthenelus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Electryon" title="Electryon">Electryon</a>, and a daughter, <a href="/wiki/Gorgophone_(Perseid)" class="mw-redirect" title="Gorgophone (Perseid)">Gorgophone</a>. Their descendants rule <a href="/wiki/Mycenae" title="Mycenae">Mycenae</a> from Electryon down to <a href="/wiki/Eurystheus" title="Eurystheus">Eurystheus</a>, after whom <a href="/wiki/Atreus" title="Atreus">Atreus</a> attains the kingdom. The Greek hero <a href="/wiki/Heracles" title="Heracles">Heracles</a> is also a descendant, as his mother <a href="/wiki/Alcmene" title="Alcmene">Alcmene</a> is the daughter of Electryon.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to the <i><a href="/wiki/Catasterismi" title="Catasterismi">Catasterismi</a></i>, Andromeda is placed in the sky by <a href="/wiki/Athena" title="Athena">Athena</a> as the <a href="/wiki/Andromeda_(constellation)" title="Andromeda (constellation)">constellation Andromeda</a>, in a pose with her limbs outstretched, similar to when she was chained to the rock, in commemoration of Perseus' bravery in fighting the sea monster.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="In_classical_art">In classical art</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andromeda_(mythology)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: In classical art"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The myth of Andromeda was represented in the <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_art" title="Ancient Greek art">art of ancient Greece</a> and <a href="/wiki/Roman_art" title="Roman art">of Rome</a> in media including <a href="/wiki/Red-figure_pottery" title="Red-figure pottery">red-figure pottery</a> such as <a href="/wiki/Pelike" title="Pelike">pelike</a> jars,<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Fresco" title="Fresco">frescoes</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Small_1999_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Small_1999-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Mosaic" title="Mosaic">mosaics</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Depictions range from straightforward representations of scenes from the myth, such as of Andromeda being tied up for sacrifice, to more ambiguous portrayals with different events depicted in the same painting, as at the <a href="/wiki/Villa_of_Agrippa_Postumus" title="Villa of Agrippa Postumus">Roman villa in Boscotrecase</a>, where Perseus is shown twice, space standing in for time.<sup id="cite_ref-Small_1999_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Small_1999-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Favoured scenes changed with time: until the 4th century BC, Perseus was shown decapitating Medusa, while after that, and in Roman portrayals, he was shown rescuing Andromeda.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-nolines center"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 185px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Corinthian_amphora,_Andromeda,_Perseus,_Cetus,_575-550_BC,_Berlin_F_1652,_141650.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Perseus defends Andromeda from the monster Cetus by pelting it with stones. Corinthian amphora, 575–550 BC"><img alt="Perseus defends Andromeda from the monster Cetus by pelting it with stones. Corinthian amphora, 575–550 BC" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Corinthian_amphora%2C_Andromeda%2C_Perseus%2C_Cetus%2C_575-550_BC%2C_Berlin_F_1652%2C_141650.jpg/180px-Corinthian_amphora%2C_Andromeda%2C_Perseus%2C_Cetus%2C_575-550_BC%2C_Berlin_F_1652%2C_141650.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Corinthian_amphora%2C_Andromeda%2C_Perseus%2C_Cetus%2C_575-550_BC%2C_Berlin_F_1652%2C_141650.jpg/270px-Corinthian_amphora%2C_Andromeda%2C_Perseus%2C_Cetus%2C_575-550_BC%2C_Berlin_F_1652%2C_141650.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Corinthian_amphora%2C_Andromeda%2C_Perseus%2C_Cetus%2C_575-550_BC%2C_Berlin_F_1652%2C_141650.jpg/360px-Corinthian_amphora%2C_Andromeda%2C_Perseus%2C_Cetus%2C_575-550_BC%2C_Berlin_F_1652%2C_141650.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2390" data-file-height="1593" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Perseus defends Andromeda from the monster Cetus by pelting it with stones. <a href="/wiki/Corinthia" title="Corinthia">Corinthian</a> <a href="/wiki/Amphora" title="Amphora">amphora</a>, 575–550 BC</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 185px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cratere_a_volute_con_la_liberazione_di_Andromeda,_inv._19.M325-1.6_-_Marta_-Mitomania_(9).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Andromeda being tied for sacrifice. Apulian red-figure vase, c. 430–420 BC"><img alt="Andromeda being tied for sacrifice. Apulian red-figure vase, c. 430–420 BC" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Cratere_a_volute_con_la_liberazione_di_Andromeda%2C_inv._19.M325-1.6_-_Marta_-Mitomania_%289%29.jpg/120px-Cratere_a_volute_con_la_liberazione_di_Andromeda%2C_inv._19.M325-1.6_-_Marta_-Mitomania_%289%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Cratere_a_volute_con_la_liberazione_di_Andromeda%2C_inv._19.M325-1.6_-_Marta_-Mitomania_%289%29.jpg/180px-Cratere_a_volute_con_la_liberazione_di_Andromeda%2C_inv._19.M325-1.6_-_Marta_-Mitomania_%289%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Cratere_a_volute_con_la_liberazione_di_Andromeda%2C_inv._19.M325-1.6_-_Marta_-Mitomania_%289%29.jpg/240px-Cratere_a_volute_con_la_liberazione_di_Andromeda%2C_inv._19.M325-1.6_-_Marta_-Mitomania_%289%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="2400" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Andromeda being tied for sacrifice. <a href="/wiki/Apulian" class="mw-redirect" title="Apulian">Apulian</a> <a href="/wiki/Red-figure_pottery" title="Red-figure pottery">red-figure vase</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 430–420 BC</span></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 185px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Perseus_and_Andromeda_MAN_Napoli_Inv8995.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Perseus holds up Medusa's head so Andromeda may safely see its reflection in the pool below. Fresco, 1st century AD, Pompeii"><img alt="Perseus holds up Medusa's head so Andromeda may safely see its reflection in the pool below. Fresco, 1st century AD, Pompeii" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Perseus_and_Andromeda_MAN_Napoli_Inv8995.jpg/146px-Perseus_and_Andromeda_MAN_Napoli_Inv8995.jpg" decoding="async" width="146" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Perseus_and_Andromeda_MAN_Napoli_Inv8995.jpg/219px-Perseus_and_Andromeda_MAN_Napoli_Inv8995.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Perseus_and_Andromeda_MAN_Napoli_Inv8995.jpg/293px-Perseus_and_Andromeda_MAN_Napoli_Inv8995.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2625" data-file-height="3229" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Perseus holds up <a href="/wiki/Medusa" title="Medusa">Medusa</a>'s head so Andromeda may safely see its reflection in the pool below. <a href="/wiki/Fresco" title="Fresco">Fresco</a>, 1st century AD, <a href="/wiki/Pompeii" title="Pompeii">Pompeii</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 185px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pers%C3%A9e_et_Androm%C3%A8de,_Boscotrecase,_Italie.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Roman wall painting of Perseus and Andromeda from Boscotrecase, late 1st century BC"><img alt="Roman wall painting of Perseus and Andromeda from Boscotrecase, late 1st century BC" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Pers%C3%A9e_et_Androm%C3%A8de%2C_Boscotrecase%2C_Italie.jpg/107px-Pers%C3%A9e_et_Androm%C3%A8de%2C_Boscotrecase%2C_Italie.jpg" decoding="async" width="107" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Pers%C3%A9e_et_Androm%C3%A8de%2C_Boscotrecase%2C_Italie.jpg/161px-Pers%C3%A9e_et_Androm%C3%A8de%2C_Boscotrecase%2C_Italie.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Pers%C3%A9e_et_Androm%C3%A8de%2C_Boscotrecase%2C_Italie.jpg/215px-Pers%C3%A9e_et_Androm%C3%A8de%2C_Boscotrecase%2C_Italie.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1795" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Roman wall painting of Perseus and Andromeda from <a href="/wiki/Boscotrecase" title="Boscotrecase">Boscotrecase</a>, late 1st century BC </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 185px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gaziantep_Zeugma_Museum_Andromeda_mosaic_4170.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Detail of Andromeda mosaic from 'House of Poseidon' in Zeugma, Turkey, 2nd–3rd century AD"><img alt="Detail of Andromeda mosaic from 'House of Poseidon' in Zeugma, Turkey, 2nd–3rd century AD" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Gaziantep_Zeugma_Museum_Andromeda_mosaic_4170.jpg/180px-Gaziantep_Zeugma_Museum_Andromeda_mosaic_4170.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Gaziantep_Zeugma_Museum_Andromeda_mosaic_4170.jpg/270px-Gaziantep_Zeugma_Museum_Andromeda_mosaic_4170.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Gaziantep_Zeugma_Museum_Andromeda_mosaic_4170.jpg/360px-Gaziantep_Zeugma_Museum_Andromeda_mosaic_4170.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3008" data-file-height="2000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Detail of Andromeda mosaic from 'House of Poseidon' in <a href="/wiki/Zeugma_(Commagene)" title="Zeugma (Commagene)">Zeugma</a>, Turkey, 2nd–3rd century AD</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Variants">Variants</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andromeda_(mythology)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Variants"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There are several variants of the legend. In <a href="/wiki/Gaius_Julius_Hyginus" title="Gaius Julius Hyginus">Hyginus</a>'s account, Perseus does not ask for Andromeda's hand in marriage before saving her, and when he afterwards intends to keep her for his wife, both her father Cepheus and her uncle Phineas plot against him, and Perseus resorts to using Medusa's head to turn them to stone.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In contrast, Ovid states that Perseus kills Cetus with his magical sword, even though he also carries Medusa's head, which could easily turn the monster to stone (and Perseus does use Medusa's head for this purpose in other situations). The earliest straightforward account of Perseus using Medusa's head against Cetus, however, is from the later 2nd-century AD <a href="/wiki/Satire" title="Satire">satirist</a> <a href="/wiki/Lucian" title="Lucian">Lucian</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The 12th-century <a href="/wiki/Byzantine" class="mw-redirect" title="Byzantine">Byzantine</a> writer <a href="/wiki/John_Tzetzes" title="John Tzetzes">John Tzetzes</a> says that Cetus swallows Perseus, who kills the monster by hacking his way out with his sword.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Conon_(mythographer)" title="Conon (mythographer)">Conon</a> places the story in Joppa (Iope or <a href="/wiki/Jaffa" title="Jaffa">Jaffa</a>, on the coast of modern <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a>), and makes Andromeda's uncles Phineus and Phoinix rivals for her hand in marriage; her father Cepheus contrives to have Phoinix abduct her in a ship named <i>Cetos</i> from a small island she visits to make sacrifices to <a href="/wiki/Aphrodite" title="Aphrodite">Aphrodite</a>, and Perseus, sailing nearby, intercepts and destroys <i>Cetos</i> and its crew, who are "petrified by shock" at his bravery.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Constellations">Constellations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andromeda_(mythology)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Constellations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sidney_Hall_-_Urania%27s_Mirror_-_Gloria_Frederici,_Andromeda,_and_Triangula.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Sidney_Hall_-_Urania%27s_Mirror_-_Gloria_Frederici%2C_Andromeda%2C_and_Triangula.jpg/170px-Sidney_Hall_-_Urania%27s_Mirror_-_Gloria_Frederici%2C_Andromeda%2C_and_Triangula.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="242" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Sidney_Hall_-_Urania%27s_Mirror_-_Gloria_Frederici%2C_Andromeda%2C_and_Triangula.jpg/255px-Sidney_Hall_-_Urania%27s_Mirror_-_Gloria_Frederici%2C_Andromeda%2C_and_Triangula.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Sidney_Hall_-_Urania%27s_Mirror_-_Gloria_Frederici%2C_Andromeda%2C_and_Triangula.jpg/340px-Sidney_Hall_-_Urania%27s_Mirror_-_Gloria_Frederici%2C_Andromeda%2C_and_Triangula.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2515" data-file-height="3587" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Constellation" title="Constellation">constellation</a> <a href="/wiki/Andromeda_(constellation)" title="Andromeda (constellation)">Andromeda</a> as depicted in <i><a href="/wiki/Urania%27s_Mirror" title="Urania's Mirror">Urania's Mirror</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Sidney_Hall" title="Sidney Hall">Sidney Hall</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1825</span></figcaption></figure> <p>Andromeda is represented in the <a href="/wiki/Northern_celestial_hemisphere" title="Northern celestial hemisphere">Northern sky</a> by the <a href="/wiki/Constellation" title="Constellation">constellation</a> <a href="/wiki/Andromeda_(constellation)" title="Andromeda (constellation)">Andromeda</a>, mentioned by the astronomer <a href="/wiki/Ptolemy" title="Ptolemy">Ptolemy</a> in the 2nd century, which contains the <a href="/wiki/Andromeda_Galaxy" title="Andromeda Galaxy">Andromeda Galaxy</a>. Several constellations are associated with the myth. Viewing the fainter stars visible to the naked eye, the constellations are rendered as a maiden (Andromeda) chained up, facing or turning away from the <a href="/wiki/Ecliptic" title="Ecliptic">ecliptic</a>; a warrior (<a href="/wiki/Perseus_(constellation)" title="Perseus (constellation)">Perseus</a>), often depicted holding the head of Medusa, next to Andromeda; a huge man (<a href="/wiki/Cepheus_(constellation)" title="Cepheus (constellation)">Cepheus</a>) wearing a <a href="/wiki/Crown_(headgear)" class="mw-redirect" title="Crown (headgear)">crown</a>, upside down with respect to the ecliptic; a smaller figure (<a href="/wiki/Cassiopeia_(constellation)" title="Cassiopeia (constellation)">Cassiopeia</a>) next to the man, sitting on a chair; a <a href="/wiki/Whale" title="Whale">whale</a> or sea monster (<a href="/wiki/Cetus" title="Cetus">Cetus</a>) just beyond <a href="/wiki/Pisces_(constellation)" title="Pisces (constellation)">Pisces</a>, to the south-east; the flying horse <a href="/wiki/Pegasus_(constellation)" title="Pegasus (constellation)">Pegasus</a>, who was born from the stump of Medusa's neck after Perseus had decapitated her; the paired fish of the constellation <a href="/wiki/Pisces_(constellation)" title="Pisces (constellation)">Pisces</a>, that in myth were caught by <a href="/wiki/Dictys" title="Dictys">Dictys</a> the <a href="/wiki/Fisherman" title="Fisherman">fisherman</a> who was brother of <a href="/wiki/Polydectes" title="Polydectes">Polydectes</a>, king of <a href="/wiki/Seriphos" class="mw-redirect" title="Seriphos">Seriphos</a>, the place where Perseus and his mother Danaë were stranded.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_literature">In literature</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andromeda_(mythology)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: In literature"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="In_poetry">In poetry</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andromeda_(mythology)&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: In poetry"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/George_Chapman" title="George Chapman">George Chapman</a>'s poem in <a href="/wiki/Heroic_couplet" title="Heroic couplet">heroic couplets</a> <i>Andromeda liberata, Or the nuptials of Perseus and Andromeda</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was written for the 1614 wedding of <a href="/wiki/Robert_Carr,_1st_Earl_of_Somerset" title="Robert Carr, 1st Earl of Somerset">Robert Carr, 1st Earl of Somerset</a> and <a href="/wiki/Frances_Carr,_Countess_of_Somerset" title="Frances Carr, Countess of Somerset">Frances Howard</a>. The wedding, which led to a "train of intrigue and murder and executions, was the scandal of the age."<sup id="cite_ref-Waddington_1966_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Waddington_1966-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Scholars have been surprised that Chapman should have celebrated such a marriage, and his choice of an <a href="/wiki/Allegory" title="Allegory">allegory</a> of the Perseus-Andromeda myth for the purpose. The poem infuriated both Carr and the <a href="/wiki/Robert_Devereux,_3rd_Earl_of_Essex" title="Robert Devereux, 3rd Earl of Essex">Earl of Essex</a>, causing Chapman to publish a "justification" of his approach. Chapman's poem sees human nature as chaotic and disorderly, like the sea monster, opposed by Andromeda's beauty and Perseus's balanced nature; their union brings about an <a href="/wiki/Astrological" class="mw-redirect" title="Astrological">astrological</a> harmony of <a href="/wiki/Planets_in_astrology" title="Planets in astrology">Venus and Mars</a> which perfects the character of Perseus, since Venus was thought always to dominate Mars. Unfortunately for Chapman, Essex supposed that he was represented by the "barraine rocke" that Andromeda was chained up to: Howard had divorced Essex on the grounds that he could not consummate their marriage, and she had married Carr with her hair untied, indicating that she was a virgin. Further, the poem could be read as having dangerous political implications, involving <a href="/wiki/James_VI_and_I" title="James VI and I">King James</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Waddington_1966_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Waddington_1966-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Ludovico_Ariosto" title="Ludovico Ariosto">Ludovico Ariosto</a>'s influential <a href="/wiki/Epic_poem" class="mw-redirect" title="Epic poem">epic poem</a> <span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it"><a href="/wiki/Orlando_Furioso" title="Orlando Furioso">Orlando Furioso</a></i></span> (1516–1532) features a <a href="/wiki/Pagan" class="mw-redirect" title="Pagan">pagan</a> princess named <a href="/wiki/Angelica_(character)" title="Angelica (character)">Angelica</a> who at one point is in exactly the same situation as Andromeda, chained naked to a rock on the sea as a sacrifice to a sea monster, and is saved at the last minute by the <a href="/wiki/Saracen" title="Saracen">Saracen</a> knight <a href="/wiki/Ruggiero_(character)" title="Ruggiero (character)">Ruggiero</a>. Images of Angelica and Ruggiero are often hard to distinguish from those of Andromeda and Perseus.<sup id="cite_ref-National_Gallery_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-National_Gallery-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/John_Keats" title="John Keats">John Keats</a>'s 1819 <a href="/wiki/Sonnet" title="Sonnet">sonnet</a> <i>On the Sonnet</i> compares the restricted sonnet form to the bound Andromeda as being "Fetter'd, in spite of pained loveliness".<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/William_Morris" title="William Morris">William Morris</a> retells the story of Perseus and Andromeda in his epic 1868 poem <i><a href="/wiki/The_Earthly_Paradise" title="The Earthly Paradise">The Earthly Paradise</a></i>, in the section <i>April: The Doom of King Acrisius</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Gerard_Manley_Hopkins" title="Gerard Manley Hopkins">Gerard Manley Hopkins</a>'s sonnet <i>Andromeda</i><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (1879) has invited many interpretations.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Mariani_1973_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mariani_1973-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Charles_Kingsley" title="Charles Kingsley">Charles Kingsley</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Hexameter" title="Hexameter">hexameter</a> poem retelling the myth, <i>Andromeda</i> (1858), was set to music by <a href="/wiki/Cyril_Rootham" title="Cyril Rootham">Cyril Rootham</a> in his <i>Andromeda</i> (1905).<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 170px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 168px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chapman_Andromeda_Liberata_1614.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Title page of George Chapman's Andromeda Liberata, 1614, allegorically celebrating the tumultuous marriage of Robert Carr, 1st Earl of Somerset and Frances Howard[25]"><img alt="Title page of George Chapman's Andromeda Liberata, 1614, allegorically celebrating the tumultuous marriage of Robert Carr, 1st Earl of Somerset and Frances Howard[25]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Chapman_Andromeda_Liberata_1614.jpg/252px-Chapman_Andromeda_Liberata_1614.jpg" decoding="async" width="168" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Chapman_Andromeda_Liberata_1614.jpg/379px-Chapman_Andromeda_Liberata_1614.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Chapman_Andromeda_Liberata_1614.jpg/505px-Chapman_Andromeda_Liberata_1614.jpg 2x" data-file-width="540" data-file-height="721" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Title page of <a href="/wiki/George_Chapman" title="George Chapman">George Chapman</a>'s <i>Andromeda Liberata</i>, 1614, <a href="/wiki/Allegory" title="Allegory">allegorically</a> celebrating the tumultuous marriage of <a href="/wiki/Robert_Carr,_1st_Earl_of_Somerset" title="Robert Carr, 1st Earl of Somerset">Robert Carr, 1st Earl of Somerset</a> and <a href="/wiki/Frances_Carr,_Countess_of_Somerset" title="Frances Carr, Countess of Somerset">Frances Howard</a><sup id="cite_ref-Waddington_1966_25-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Waddington_1966-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 224px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 222px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Orlando_Furioso_20.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ruggiero Rescuing Angelica by Gustave Doré, 1880–1881, illustrates Ludovico Ariosto's epic poem Orlando Furioso, in a scene often confused with the myth of Andromeda.[2]"><img alt="Ruggiero Rescuing Angelica by Gustave Doré, 1880–1881, illustrates Ludovico Ariosto's epic poem Orlando Furioso, in a scene often confused with the myth of Andromeda.[2]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Orlando_Furioso_20.jpg/333px-Orlando_Furioso_20.jpg" decoding="async" width="222" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Orlando_Furioso_20.jpg/500px-Orlando_Furioso_20.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Orlando_Furioso_20.jpg/666px-Orlando_Furioso_20.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1185" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Ruggiero Rescuing Angelica</i> by <a href="/wiki/Gustave_Dor%C3%A9" title="Gustave Doré">Gustave Doré</a>, 1880–1881, illustrates <a href="/wiki/Ludovico_Ariosto" title="Ludovico Ariosto">Ludovico Ariosto</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Epic_poem" class="mw-redirect" title="Epic poem">epic poem</a> <span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it"><a href="/wiki/Orlando_Furioso" title="Orlando Furioso">Orlando Furioso</a></i></span>, in a scene often confused with the myth of Andromeda.<sup id="cite_ref-National_Gallery_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-National_Gallery-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 150px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 148px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gustave_Dor%C3%A9_Andromeda.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Doré's 1869 painting of Andromeda"><img alt="Doré's 1869 painting of Andromeda" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Gustave_Dor%C3%A9_Andromeda.jpg/222px-Gustave_Dor%C3%A9_Andromeda.jpg" decoding="async" width="148" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Gustave_Dor%C3%A9_Andromeda.jpg/334px-Gustave_Dor%C3%A9_Andromeda.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Gustave_Dor%C3%A9_Andromeda.jpg/444px-Gustave_Dor%C3%A9_Andromeda.jpg 2x" data-file-width="657" data-file-height="996" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Doré's 1869 painting of Andromeda</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="In_novels">In novels</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andromeda_(mythology)&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: In novels"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the 1851 novel <i><a href="/wiki/Moby-Dick" title="Moby-Dick">Moby-Dick</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Herman_Melville" title="Herman Melville">Herman Melville</a>'s narrator Ishmael discusses the Perseus and Andromeda myth in two chapters. Chapter 55, "Of the Monstrous Pictures of Whales," mentions depictions of Perseus rescuing Andromeda from Cetus in artwork by <a href="/wiki/Guido_Reni" title="Guido Reni">Guido Reni</a> and <a href="/wiki/William_Hogarth" title="William Hogarth">William Hogarth</a>. In Chapter 82, "The Honor and Glory of Whaling," Ishmael recounts the myth and says that the Romans found a giant whale skeleton in Joppa that they believed to be the skeleton of Cetus.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Pardes_2005_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pardes_2005-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Jules_Laforgue" title="Jules Laforgue">Jules Laforgue</a> included what Knutson calls "a remarkable satirical adaptation",<sup id="cite_ref-Knutson_1992_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Knutson_1992-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">"Andromède et Persée"</i></span>, in his 1887 <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Moralités Légendaires</i></span>. All the traditional elements are present, along with elements of fantasy and lyricism, but only to allow Laforgue to parody them.<sup id="cite_ref-Knutson_1992_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Knutson_1992-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The romance, crime, and thriller writer <a href="/wiki/Carlton_Dawe" title="Carlton Dawe">Carlton Dawe</a>'s 1909 novel <i>The New Andromeda</i> (published in America as <i>The Woman, the Man, and the Monster</i>) offers what was called at the time a "wholly unconventional"<sup id="cite_ref-SLT_1909_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SLT_1909-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> retelling of the Andromeda story in a modern setting.<sup id="cite_ref-SLT_1909_34-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SLT_1909-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Robert_Nichols_(poet)" title="Robert Nichols (poet)">Robert Nichols's</a> 1923 <a href="/wiki/Short_story" title="Short story">short story</a> <i>Perseus and Andromeda</i> <a href="/wiki/Satirically" class="mw-redirect" title="Satirically">satirically</a> retells the story in contrasting styles.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In her 1978 novel <i><a href="/wiki/The_Sea,_the_Sea" title="The Sea, the Sea">The Sea, the Sea</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Iris_Murdoch" title="Iris Murdoch">Iris Murdoch</a> uses the Andromeda myth, as presented in a reproduction of <a href="/wiki/Titian" title="Titian">Titian</a>'s painting <i><a href="/wiki/Perseus_and_Andromeda_(Titian)" title="Perseus and Andromeda (Titian)">Perseus and Andromeda</a></i> in the <a href="/wiki/Wallace_Collection" title="Wallace Collection">Wallace Collection</a> in London, to reflect the character and motives of her characters. Charles has an <a href="/wiki/Lysergic_acid_diethylamide" class="mw-redirect" title="Lysergic acid diethylamide">LSD</a>-fuelled vision of a serpent; when he returns to London, he becomes ill on seeing Titian's painting, whereupon his cousin James comes to his rescue.<sup id="cite_ref-Tucker_1986_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tucker_1986-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 146px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 144px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Guido_Reni_-_AndromedaFXD.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Herman Melville's 1851 novel Moby-Dick mentions Guido Reni's 17th century painting of Andromeda.[33]"><img alt="Herman Melville's 1851 novel Moby-Dick mentions Guido Reni's 17th century painting of Andromeda.[33]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Guido_Reni_-_AndromedaFXD.jpg/216px-Guido_Reni_-_AndromedaFXD.jpg" decoding="async" width="144" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Guido_Reni_-_AndromedaFXD.jpg/324px-Guido_Reni_-_AndromedaFXD.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Guido_Reni_-_AndromedaFXD.jpg/433px-Guido_Reni_-_AndromedaFXD.jpg 2x" data-file-width="798" data-file-height="996" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Herman_Melville" title="Herman Melville">Herman Melville</a>'s 1851 novel <i><a href="/wiki/Moby-Dick" title="Moby-Dick">Moby-Dick</a></i> mentions <a href="/wiki/Guido_Reni" title="Guido Reni">Guido Reni</a>'s 17th century painting of Andromeda.<sup id="cite_ref-Pardes_2005_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pardes_2005-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 239.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 237.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Perseus_and_Andromeda._Etching_by_T._Cook,_1808,_after_W._Ho_Wellcome_V0035919.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="William Hogarth's Perseus and Andromeda, too, is mentioned in Moby-Dick.[33] 1808 engraving, after Hogarth, by T. Cook."><img alt="William Hogarth's Perseus and Andromeda, too, is mentioned in Moby-Dick.[33] 1808 engraving, after Hogarth, by T. Cook." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Perseus_and_Andromeda._Etching_by_T._Cook%2C_1808%2C_after_W._Ho_Wellcome_V0035919.jpg/356px-Perseus_and_Andromeda._Etching_by_T._Cook%2C_1808%2C_after_W._Ho_Wellcome_V0035919.jpg" decoding="async" width="238" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Perseus_and_Andromeda._Etching_by_T._Cook%2C_1808%2C_after_W._Ho_Wellcome_V0035919.jpg/534px-Perseus_and_Andromeda._Etching_by_T._Cook%2C_1808%2C_after_W._Ho_Wellcome_V0035919.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Perseus_and_Andromeda._Etching_by_T._Cook%2C_1808%2C_after_W._Ho_Wellcome_V0035919.jpg/712px-Perseus_and_Andromeda._Etching_by_T._Cook%2C_1808%2C_after_W._Ho_Wellcome_V0035919.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3068" data-file-height="2326" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/William_Hogarth" title="William Hogarth">William Hogarth</a>'s <i>Perseus and Andromeda</i>, too, is mentioned in <i>Moby-Dick</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Pardes_2005_33-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pardes_2005-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 1808 engraving, after Hogarth, by T. Cook.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 198.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 196.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Perseo_y_Andr%C3%B3meda,_por_Tiziano.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Titian's Perseus and Andromeda, 1554–1556, features in Iris Murdoch's 1978 novel The Sea, The Sea.[37]"><img alt="Titian's Perseus and Andromeda, 1554–1556, features in Iris Murdoch's 1978 novel The Sea, The Sea.[37]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Perseo_y_Andr%C3%B3meda%2C_por_Tiziano.jpg/295px-Perseo_y_Andr%C3%B3meda%2C_por_Tiziano.jpg" decoding="async" width="197" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Perseo_y_Andr%C3%B3meda%2C_por_Tiziano.jpg/443px-Perseo_y_Andr%C3%B3meda%2C_por_Tiziano.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Perseo_y_Andr%C3%B3meda%2C_por_Tiziano.jpg/590px-Perseo_y_Andr%C3%B3meda%2C_por_Tiziano.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4779" data-file-height="4374" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Titian" title="Titian">Titian</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Perseus_and_Andromeda_(Titian)" title="Perseus and Andromeda (Titian)">Perseus and Andromeda</a></i>, 1554–1556, features in <a href="/wiki/Iris_Murdoch" title="Iris Murdoch">Iris Murdoch</a>'s 1978 novel <i><a href="/wiki/The_Sea,_The_Sea" class="mw-redirect" title="The Sea, The Sea">The Sea, The Sea</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Tucker_1986_37-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tucker_1986-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_the_performing_arts">In the performing arts</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andromeda_(mythology)&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: In the performing arts"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Timeline of Andromeda's appearance in different art forms </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Period</th> <th>Story</th> <th><a href="/wiki/Visual_arts" title="Visual arts">Visual arts</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Theatre" title="Theatre">Theatre</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Opera" title="Opera">Opera</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Poetry" title="Poetry">Poetry</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Film" title="Film">Film</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Classical_antiquity" title="Classical antiquity">Classical antiquity</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Greek_mythology" title="Greek mythology">Greek</a> and <a href="/wiki/Roman_mythology" title="Roman mythology">Roman mythology</a>; <a href="/wiki/Ovid" title="Ovid">Ovid</a> and others; myths of <a href="/wiki/Heracles" title="Heracles">Heracles</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hesione" title="Hesione">Hesione</a>; <a href="/wiki/Jason" title="Jason">Jason</a> and <a href="/wiki/Medea" title="Medea">Medea</a>; <a href="/wiki/Cadmus" title="Cadmus">Cadmus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Harmonia" title="Harmonia">Harmonia</a>; <a href="/wiki/Theseus" title="Theseus">Theseus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ariadne" title="Ariadne">Ariadne</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Red-figure_pottery" title="Red-figure pottery">Painted vases</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fresco" title="Fresco">frescoes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mosaic" title="Mosaic">mosaics</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sophocles" title="Sophocles">Sophocles</a>, <a href="/wiki/Euripides" title="Euripides">Euripides</a> (both lost); <a href="/wiki/Aristophanes" title="Aristophanes">Aristophanes</a> (<a href="/wiki/Parody" title="Parody">parody</a>)</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Middle_Ages" title="Middle Ages">Middle Ages</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Saint_George_and_the_Dragon" title="Saint George and the Dragon">Saint George and the Dragon</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Paolo_Uccello" title="Paolo Uccello">Paolo Uccello</a></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>16th century</td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Piero_di_Cosimo" title="Piero di Cosimo">Piero di Cosimo</a>; <a href="/wiki/Titian" title="Titian">Titian</a></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>17th century</td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Cesari" title="Giuseppe Cesari">Giuseppe Cesari</a>; <a href="/wiki/Peter_Paul_Rubens" title="Peter Paul Rubens">Peter Paul Rubens</a>; <a href="/wiki/Rembrandt" title="Rembrandt">Rembrandt</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lope_de_Vega" title="Lope de Vega">Lope de Vega</a>; <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Corneille" title="Pierre Corneille">Pierre Corneille</a> verse play; <a href="/wiki/Pedro_Calder%C3%B3n_de_la_Barca" title="Pedro Calderón de la Barca">Pedro Calderón de la Barca</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Claudio_Monteverdi" title="Claudio Monteverdi">Claudio Monteverdi</a>; <a href="/wiki/Benedetto_Ferrari" title="Benedetto Ferrari">Benedetto Ferrari</a> 1st opera open to public; <a href="/wiki/Jean-Baptiste_Lully" title="Jean-Baptiste Lully">Jean-Baptiste Lully</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ludovico_Ariosto" title="Ludovico Ariosto">Ludovico Ariosto</a> <span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it"><a href="/wiki/Orlando_Furioso" title="Orlando Furioso">Orlando Furioso</a></i></span></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>18th century</td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Boucher" title="François Boucher">François Boucher</a></td> <td></td> <td>17 Andromeda operas in Italy</td> <td><a href="/wiki/George_Chapman" title="George Chapman">George Chapman</a> <span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it">Andromeda liberata</i></span> <a href="/wiki/Allegory" title="Allegory">allegory</a> for a society wedding</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>19th century</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Herman_Melville" title="Herman Melville">Herman Melville</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Moby-Dick" title="Moby-Dick">Moby-Dick</a></i> (chs 55, 82); <a href="/wiki/Jules_Laforgue" title="Jules Laforgue">Jules Laforgue</a> satirical</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Frederic,_Lord_Leighton" class="mw-redirect" title="Frederic, Lord Leighton">Frederic, Lord Leighton</a>; <a href="/wiki/Edward_Poynter" title="Edward Poynter">Edward Poynter</a>; <a href="/wiki/Gustave_Dor%C3%A9" title="Gustave Doré">Gustave Doré</a></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Keats" title="John Keats">John Keats</a> <i>On the Sonnet</i>; <a href="/wiki/Gerard_Manley_Hopkins" title="Gerard Manley Hopkins">Gerard Manley Hopkins</a> sonnet; <a href="/wiki/Charles_Kingsley" title="Charles Kingsley">Charles Kingsley</a> free verse</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>20th–21st centuries</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Iris_Murdoch" title="Iris Murdoch">Iris Murdoch</a> <i><a href="/wiki/The_Sea,_The_Sea" class="mw-redirect" title="The Sea, The Sea">The Sea, The Sea</a></i></td> <td><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9lix_Vallotton" title="Félix Vallotton">Félix Vallotton</a> satirical; <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Liberman" title="Alexander Liberman">Alexander Liberman</a> non-figurative</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Clash_of_the_Titans_(1981_film)" title="Clash of the Titans (1981 film)">Clash of the Titans</a></i> 1981, its <a href="/wiki/Clash_of_the_Titans_(2010_film)" title="Clash of the Titans (2010 film)">2010 remake</a>, and the 2012 <i><a href="/wiki/Wrath_of_the_Titans" title="Wrath of the Titans">Wrath of the Titans</a></i> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="In_theatre">In theatre</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andromeda_(mythology)&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: In theatre"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The theme, well suited to the stage,<sup id="cite_ref-Knutson_1992_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Knutson_1992-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was introduced to theatre by <a href="/wiki/Sophocles" title="Sophocles">Sophocles</a> in his lost <a href="/wiki/Greek_tragedy" title="Greek tragedy">tragedy</a> <i>Andromeda</i> (5th century BC), which survives only in fragments. <a href="/wiki/Euripides" title="Euripides">Euripides</a> took up the theme in his <a href="/wiki/Andromeda_(play)" title="Andromeda (play)">play of the same name</a> (412 BC), also now lost, but <a href="/wiki/Parody" title="Parody">parodied</a> by <a href="/wiki/Aristophanes" title="Aristophanes">Aristophanes</a> in his <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_comedy" title="Ancient Greek comedy">comedy</a> <span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language romanization"><i lang="grc-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Thesmophoriazusae" title="Thesmophoriazusae">Thesmophoriazusae</a></i></span> (411 BC) and influential in the ancient world. In the parody, Mnesilochus is shaved and dressed as a woman to gain entrance to the <a href="/wiki/Thesmophoria" title="Thesmophoria">women's secret rites</a>, held in honour of the fertility goddess <a href="/wiki/Demeter" title="Demeter">Demeter</a>. Euripides swoops mock-heroically across the stage as Perseus on a theatrical crane, trying and failing to rescue Mnesilochus, who responds by acting out the role of Andromeda.<sup id="cite_ref-Sfyroeras_2008_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sfyroeras_2008-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The legend of Perseus and Andromeda became popular among playwrights in the 17th century, including <a href="/wiki/Lope_de_Vega" title="Lope de Vega">Lope de Vega</a>'s 1621 <span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es">El Perseo</i></span>,<sup id="cite_ref-Martin_1931_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Martin_1931-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Corneille" title="Pierre Corneille">Pierre Corneille</a>'s famous<sup id="cite_ref-Knutson_1992_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Knutson_1992-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 1650 <a href="/wiki/Verse_drama_and_dramatic_verse" title="Verse drama and dramatic verse">verse play</a> <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><a href="/wiki/Androm%C3%A8de" title="Andromède">Andromède</a></i></span>, with dramatic stage machinery effects, including Perseus astride <a href="/wiki/Pegasus" title="Pegasus">Pegasus</a> as he battles the sea monster. The play, a <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">pièce à machines</i></span>, presented to King <a href="/wiki/Louis_XIV" title="Louis XIV">Louis XIV</a> of France and performed by the <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Comédiens du Roi</i></span>, the royal troupe, had enormous and lasting success, continuing in production until 1660, to Corneille's surprise.<sup id="cite_ref-Knutson_1992_5-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Knutson_1992-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Williams_2007_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Williams_2007-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The production was a radical departure from the tradition of French theatre, based in part on the Italian tradition of operas about Andromeda; it was semi-operatic, with many songs, set to music by <a href="/wiki/Charles_Coypeau_d%27Assoucy" title="Charles Coypeau d'Assoucy">D'Assouci</a>, alongside the stage scenery by the Italian painter <a href="/wiki/Giacomo_Torelli" title="Giacomo Torelli">Giacomo Torelli</a>. Corneille chose to present Andromeda fully-clothed, supposing that her nakedness had been merely a painterly tradition; Knutson comments that in so doing, "he unintentionally broke the last link with the early erotic myth."<sup id="cite_ref-Knutson_1992_5-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Knutson_1992-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Pedro_Calder%C3%B3n_de_la_Barca" title="Pedro Calderón de la Barca">Pedro Calderón de la Barca</a>'s 1653 <span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es">Las Fortunas de Perseo y Andrómeda</i></span> was also inspired by Corneille,<sup id="cite_ref-Knutson_1992_5-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Knutson_1992-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and like <span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es">El Perseo</i></span> was heavily embellished with the playwrights' inventions and traditional additions.<sup id="cite_ref-Martin_1931_39-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Martin_1931-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-nolines center"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 255px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 250px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Set_design_Act2_of_Androm%C3%A8de_by_P_Corneille_1650_-_Gallica_2010.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Set design for Pierre Corneille's 1650 Andromède, noted for its stage effects: Act 2, where Aeolus and eight winds lift Andromeda into the clouds, with thunder and lightning[40]"><img alt="Set design for Pierre Corneille's 1650 Andromède, noted for its stage effects: Act 2, where Aeolus and eight winds lift Andromeda into the clouds, with thunder and lightning[40]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Set_design_Act2_of_Androm%C3%A8de_by_P_Corneille_1650_-_Gallica_2010.jpg/250px-Set_design_Act2_of_Androm%C3%A8de_by_P_Corneille_1650_-_Gallica_2010.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="178" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Set_design_Act2_of_Androm%C3%A8de_by_P_Corneille_1650_-_Gallica_2010.jpg/375px-Set_design_Act2_of_Androm%C3%A8de_by_P_Corneille_1650_-_Gallica_2010.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Set_design_Act2_of_Androm%C3%A8de_by_P_Corneille_1650_-_Gallica_2010.jpg/500px-Set_design_Act2_of_Androm%C3%A8de_by_P_Corneille_1650_-_Gallica_2010.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4926" data-file-height="3498" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Set design for <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Corneille" title="Pierre Corneille">Pierre Corneille</a>'s 1650 <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><a href="/wiki/Androm%C3%A8de" title="Andromède">Andromède</a></i></span>, noted for its stage effects: Act 2, where <a href="/wiki/Aeolus" title="Aeolus">Aeolus</a> and eight winds lift Andromeda into the clouds, with thunder and lightning<sup id="cite_ref-Williams_2007_40-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Williams_2007-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 255px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 250px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Set_design_Act3_of_Androm%C3%A8de_by_P_Corneille_1650_-_Gallica_2010.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Andromède, Act 3, where Perseus, riding Pegasus, rescues a fully-clothed Andromeda from the sea monster[40]"><img alt="Andromède, Act 3, where Perseus, riding Pegasus, rescues a fully-clothed Andromeda from the sea monster[40]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Set_design_Act3_of_Androm%C3%A8de_by_P_Corneille_1650_-_Gallica_2010.jpg/250px-Set_design_Act3_of_Androm%C3%A8de_by_P_Corneille_1650_-_Gallica_2010.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Set_design_Act3_of_Androm%C3%A8de_by_P_Corneille_1650_-_Gallica_2010.jpg/375px-Set_design_Act3_of_Androm%C3%A8de_by_P_Corneille_1650_-_Gallica_2010.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Set_design_Act3_of_Androm%C3%A8de_by_P_Corneille_1650_-_Gallica_2010.jpg/500px-Set_design_Act3_of_Androm%C3%A8de_by_P_Corneille_1650_-_Gallica_2010.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4961" data-file-height="3426" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Andromède</i></span>, Act 3, where Perseus, riding Pegasus, rescues a fully-clothed Andromeda from the sea monster<sup id="cite_ref-Williams_2007_40-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Williams_2007-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div> </li> </ul> <p>The Andromeda theme was explored later in works such as <a href="/wiki/Muriel_Stuart" title="Muriel Stuart">Muriel Stuart</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Closet_drama" title="Closet drama">closet drama</a> <i>Andromeda Unfettered</i> (1922), featuring: Andromeda, "the spirit of woman"; Perseus, "the new spirit of man"; a chorus of "women who desire the old thrall"; and a chorus of "women who crave the new freedom".<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="In_music_and_opera">In music and opera</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andromeda_(mythology)&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: In music and opera"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Andromeda theme has been popular in classical music since the 17th century. It became a theme for <a href="/wiki/Opera" title="Opera">opera</a> from the 16th century, with an <i>Andromeda</i> in Italy in 1587.<sup id="cite_ref-Knutson_1992_5-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Knutson_1992-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was followed by <a href="/wiki/Claudio_Monteverdi" title="Claudio Monteverdi">Claudio Monteverdi</a>'s <i>Andromeda</i> (1618–1620).<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Benedetto_Ferrari" title="Benedetto Ferrari">Benedetto Ferrari</a>'s <i>Andromeda</i>, with music by <a href="/wiki/Francesco_Manelli" title="Francesco Manelli">Francesco Manelli</a>, was the first opera performed in a public theatre, <a href="/wiki/Venice" title="Venice">Venice</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Teatro_San_Cassiano" title="Teatro San Cassiano">Teatro San Cassiano</a>, in 1637.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This set the pattern for Italian opera for several centuries.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Rosand_1990_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rosand_1990-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Jean-Baptiste_Lully" title="Jean-Baptiste Lully">Jean-Baptiste Lully</a>'s <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><a href="/wiki/Pers%C3%A9e_(Lully)" title="Persée (Lully)">Persée</a></i></span> (1682), a <a href="/wiki/Trag%C3%A9die_lyrique" class="mw-redirect" title="Tragédie lyrique">tragédie lyrique</a> in 5 acts, was inspired by the popularity of Corneille's play.<sup id="cite_ref-Williams_2007_40-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Williams_2007-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The libretto was by <a href="/wiki/Philippe_Quinault" title="Philippe Quinault">Philippe Quinault</a>, and a real horse appeared on stage as Pegasus.<sup id="cite_ref-Knutson_1992_5-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Knutson_1992-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Persée</i></span> saw an initial run of 33 consecutive performances, 45 in total, exceptional at that time.<sup id="cite_ref-Knutson_1992_5-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Knutson_1992-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Written for King Louis XIV, it has been described as Lully's "greatest creation<span class="nowrap"> </span>[...] considered the crowning achievement of 17th century French music theatre. Filled with dancing, fight scenes, monsters and special effects<span class="nowrap"> </span>[...] [a] truly spectacular opera".<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Michael Haydn wrote the music for another in 1797.<sup id="cite_ref-Knutson_1992_5-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Knutson_1992-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A total of seventeen Andromeda operas were created in Italy in the 18th century.<sup id="cite_ref-Knutson_1992_5-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Knutson_1992-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Other classical works have taken a variety of forms including <span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it"><a href="/wiki/Andromeda_Liberata" title="Andromeda Liberata">Andromeda Liberata</a></i></span> (1726), a <a href="/wiki/Pasticcio" title="Pasticcio">pasticcio</a>-<a href="/wiki/Serenade" title="Serenade">serenata</a> on the subject of Perseus freeing Andromeda, by a team of composers including <a href="/wiki/Vivaldi" class="mw-redirect" title="Vivaldi">Vivaldi</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Carl_Ditters_von_Dittersdorf" title="Carl Ditters von Dittersdorf">Carl Ditters von Dittersdorf</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Symphony" title="Symphony">Symphony</a> in F (<i>Perseus' Rescue of Andromeda</i>) and Symphony in D (<i>The Petrification of Phineus and his Friends</i>), Nos. 4 and 5 of his <i>Symphonies after Ovid's Metamorphoses</i> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1781</span>). </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed center"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 145.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 143.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Benedetto_Ferrari_Andromeda_1637.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The world's first publicly performed opera, Benedetto Ferrari's Andromeda, 1637"><img alt="The world's first publicly performed opera, Benedetto Ferrari's Andromeda, 1637" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Benedetto_Ferrari_Andromeda_1637.jpg/215px-Benedetto_Ferrari_Andromeda_1637.jpg" decoding="async" width="144" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Benedetto_Ferrari_Andromeda_1637.jpg/323px-Benedetto_Ferrari_Andromeda_1637.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Benedetto_Ferrari_Andromeda_1637.jpg/430px-Benedetto_Ferrari_Andromeda_1637.jpg 2x" data-file-width="551" data-file-height="960" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The world's first publicly performed opera, <a href="/wiki/Benedetto_Ferrari" title="Benedetto Ferrari">Benedetto Ferrari</a>'s <i>Andromeda</i>, 1637</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 252px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 250px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Teatro_San_Cassiano_reimagined.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Reconstruction of the inauguration of Venice's Teatro San Cassiano in 1637 with Andromeda"><img alt="Reconstruction of the inauguration of Venice's Teatro San Cassiano in 1637 with Andromeda" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Teatro_San_Cassiano_reimagined.jpg/375px-Teatro_San_Cassiano_reimagined.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Teatro_San_Cassiano_reimagined.jpg/563px-Teatro_San_Cassiano_reimagined.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Teatro_San_Cassiano_reimagined.jpg/750px-Teatro_San_Cassiano_reimagined.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="4000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Reconstruction of the inauguration of <a href="/wiki/Venice" title="Venice">Venice</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Teatro_San_Cassiano" title="Teatro San Cassiano">Teatro San Cassiano</a> in 1637 with <i>Andromeda</i></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 147.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 145.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Jean-Baptiste_Lully_-_Pers%C3%A9e_-_title_page_of_the_score_-_Paris_1682.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Title page of Jean-Baptiste Lully's 1682 Persée in 5 acts"><img alt="Title page of Jean-Baptiste Lully's 1682 Persée in 5 acts" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Jean-Baptiste_Lully_-_Pers%C3%A9e_-_title_page_of_the_score_-_Paris_1682.png/218px-Jean-Baptiste_Lully_-_Pers%C3%A9e_-_title_page_of_the_score_-_Paris_1682.png" decoding="async" width="146" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Jean-Baptiste_Lully_-_Pers%C3%A9e_-_title_page_of_the_score_-_Paris_1682.png/327px-Jean-Baptiste_Lully_-_Pers%C3%A9e_-_title_page_of_the_score_-_Paris_1682.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Jean-Baptiste_Lully_-_Pers%C3%A9e_-_title_page_of_the_score_-_Paris_1682.png/436px-Jean-Baptiste_Lully_-_Pers%C3%A9e_-_title_page_of_the_score_-_Paris_1682.png 2x" data-file-width="3008" data-file-height="5168" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Title page of <a href="/wiki/Jean-Baptiste_Lully" title="Jean-Baptiste Lully">Jean-Baptiste Lully</a>'s 1682 <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><a href="/wiki/Pers%C3%A9e_(Lully)" title="Persée (Lully)">Persée</a></i></span> in 5 acts</div> </li> </ul> <p>In the 19th century, <a href="/wiki/Augusta_Holm%C3%A8s" title="Augusta Holmès">Augusta Holmès</a> composed the <a href="/wiki/Symphonic_poem" title="Symphonic poem">symphonic poem</a> <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Andromède</i></span> (1883). In 2019, <a href="/wiki/Caroline_Mallon%C3%A9e" title="Caroline Mallonée">Caroline Mallonée</a> wrote her <i>Portraits of Andromeda</i> for <a href="/wiki/Cello" title="Cello">cello</a> and <a href="/wiki/String_orchestra" title="String orchestra">string orchestra</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In popular music, the theme is employed in tracks on <a href="/wiki/Weyes_Blood" title="Weyes Blood">Weyes Blood</a>'s 2019 album <i><a href="/wiki/Titanic_Rising" title="Titanic Rising">Titanic Rising</a></i> and on <a href="/wiki/Ensiferum" title="Ensiferum">Ensiferum</a>'s 2020 album <i><a href="/wiki/Thalassic" title="Thalassic">Thalassic</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="In_film">In film</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andromeda_(mythology)&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: In film"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:209px;max-width:209px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:102px;max-width:102px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Alexa_davalos_2016_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Alexa_davalos_2016_1.jpg/100px-Alexa_davalos_2016_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Alexa_davalos_2016_1.jpg/150px-Alexa_davalos_2016_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Alexa_davalos_2016_1.jpg/200px-Alexa_davalos_2016_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="412" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Alexa_Davalos" title="Alexa Davalos">Alexa Davalos</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Clash_of_the_Titans_(2010_film)" title="Clash of the Titans (2010 film)">Clash of the Titans</a></i>, 2010)</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:103px;max-width:103px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Rosamund_Pike_in_Stockholm_2012.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Rosamund_Pike_in_Stockholm_2012.jpg/101px-Rosamund_Pike_in_Stockholm_2012.jpg" decoding="async" width="101" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Rosamund_Pike_in_Stockholm_2012.jpg/152px-Rosamund_Pike_in_Stockholm_2012.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Rosamund_Pike_in_Stockholm_2012.jpg/202px-Rosamund_Pike_in_Stockholm_2012.jpg 2x" data-file-width="888" data-file-height="1280" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Rosamund_Pike" title="Rosamund Pike">Rosamund Pike</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Wrath_of_the_Titans" title="Wrath of the Titans">Wrath of the Titans</a></i>, 2012)</div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div class="thumbcaption">Actresses who have portrayed Andromeda in 21st century cinema. Historian <a href="/wiki/Henry_Louis_Gates_Jr." title="Henry Louis Gates Jr.">Henry Louis Gates Jr.</a> and artist <a href="/wiki/Kimathi_Donkor" title="Kimathi Donkor">Kimathi Donkor</a> have criticized casting white actors to portray Andromeda.<sup id="cite_ref-Gates_2014_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gates_2014-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Donkor_2020_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Donkor_2020-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></div></div></div> <p>The 1981 film <i><a href="/wiki/Clash_of_the_Titans_(1981_film)" title="Clash of the Titans (1981 film)">Clash of the Titans</a></i> is loosely based on the story of Perseus, Andromeda, and Cassiopeia. In the film the monster is a <a href="/wiki/Kraken" title="Kraken">kraken</a>, a giant squid-like sea monster in <a href="/wiki/Norse_mythology" title="Norse mythology">Norse mythology</a>, rather than the whale-like Cetos of Greek mythology. Perseus defeats the sea monster by showing it Medusa's face to turn it into stone, rather than by using his magical sword, and rides Pegasus.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Clash_of_the_Titans_(2010_film)" title="Clash of the Titans (2010 film)">2010 remake with the same title</a>, adapts the original story. Andromeda is set to be sacrificed to the kraken but is saved by Perseus. The historian and filmmaker <a href="/wiki/Henry_Louis_Gates_Jr." title="Henry Louis Gates Jr.">Henry Louis Gates Jr.</a> criticizes both the original film and its remake for using white actresses to portray the Ethiopian princess Andromeda. The 1981 film uses the blonde <a href="/wiki/Judi_Bowker" title="Judi Bowker">Judi Bowker</a>; the 2010 remake uses the brunette <a href="/wiki/Alexa_Davalos" title="Alexa Davalos">Alexa Davalos</a>. Gates, noting that Andromeda was a black Aethiopian, writes that "their Andromedas appear to satisfy <a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_the_United_States" title="Cinema of the United States">Hollywood</a>'s idea for a perfect match for Perseus".<sup id="cite_ref-Gates_2014_50-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gates_2014-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A third film, the 2012 <i><a href="/wiki/Wrath_of_the_Titans" title="Wrath of the Titans">Wrath of the Titans</a></i>, repeated the white Andromeda trope by casting the English actress <a href="/wiki/Rosamund_Pike" title="Rosamund Pike">Rosamund Pike</a> in the role. Kimathi Donkor comments that none of the three films provide any "hint of the disruptive racial dilemma posed by the classical setting of Ethiopia",<sup id="cite_ref-Donkor_2020_51-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Donkor_2020-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> preferring instead to continue the Western art tradition of "a hegemonic white visual space denying Ovid's mythography of black beauty."<sup id="cite_ref-Donkor_2020_51-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Donkor_2020-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_art">In art</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andromeda_(mythology)&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: In art"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Merged_traditions">Merged traditions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andromeda_(mythology)&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Merged traditions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The legend of <a href="/wiki/Saint_George_and_the_Dragon" title="Saint George and the Dragon">Saint George and the Dragon</a>, in which a courageous <a href="/wiki/Knight" title="Knight">knight</a> rescues a princess from a monster (with clear parallels to the Andromeda myth), became a popular subject for art in the <a href="/wiki/Late_Middle_Ages" title="Late Middle Ages">Late Middle Ages</a>, and artists drew from both traditions. One result is that Perseus is often shown with the flying horse <a href="/wiki/Pegasus" title="Pegasus">Pegasus</a> when fighting the sea monster, even though classical sources consistently state that he flew using <a href="/wiki/Winged_sandals" class="mw-redirect" title="Winged sandals">winged sandals</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Whatley_2004_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Whatley_2004-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-nolines center"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 185px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:I.7.7_Pompeii._1968._West_wall_of_triclinium_with_wall_painting_of_Perseus_freeing_Andromeda._Photo_by_Stanley_A._Jashemski.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Classical Roman fresco from Pompeii (before 79 AD) of Perseus, wearing winged sandals, flying in to free Andromeda[1]"><img alt="Classical Roman fresco from Pompeii (before 79 AD) of Perseus, wearing winged sandals, flying in to free Andromeda[1]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/I.7.7_Pompeii._1968._West_wall_of_triclinium_with_wall_painting_of_Perseus_freeing_Andromeda._Photo_by_Stanley_A._Jashemski.jpg/116px-I.7.7_Pompeii._1968._West_wall_of_triclinium_with_wall_painting_of_Perseus_freeing_Andromeda._Photo_by_Stanley_A._Jashemski.jpg" decoding="async" width="116" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/I.7.7_Pompeii._1968._West_wall_of_triclinium_with_wall_painting_of_Perseus_freeing_Andromeda._Photo_by_Stanley_A._Jashemski.jpg/174px-I.7.7_Pompeii._1968._West_wall_of_triclinium_with_wall_painting_of_Perseus_freeing_Andromeda._Photo_by_Stanley_A._Jashemski.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/I.7.7_Pompeii._1968._West_wall_of_triclinium_with_wall_painting_of_Perseus_freeing_Andromeda._Photo_by_Stanley_A._Jashemski.jpg/233px-I.7.7_Pompeii._1968._West_wall_of_triclinium_with_wall_painting_of_Perseus_freeing_Andromeda._Photo_by_Stanley_A._Jashemski.jpg 2x" data-file-width="516" data-file-height="798" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Classical Roman fresco from <a href="/wiki/Pompeii" title="Pompeii">Pompeii</a> (before 79 AD) of Perseus, wearing <a href="/wiki/Winged_sandals" class="mw-redirect" title="Winged sandals">winged sandals</a>, flying in to free Andromeda<sup id="cite_ref-Whatley_2004_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Whatley_2004-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 185px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Paolo_Uccello_Heiliger_Georg_und_der_Drachen_1_470.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Paolo Uccello's 1470 Saint George and the Dragon, illustrating a separate legend that became confused with the story of Perseus and Andromeda, introducing a horse for the hero[1]"><img alt="Paolo Uccello's 1470 Saint George and the Dragon, illustrating a separate legend that became confused with the story of Perseus and Andromeda, introducing a horse for the hero[1]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Paolo_Uccello_Heiliger_Georg_und_der_Drachen_1_470.jpg/180px-Paolo_Uccello_Heiliger_Georg_und_der_Drachen_1_470.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Paolo_Uccello_Heiliger_Georg_und_der_Drachen_1_470.jpg/270px-Paolo_Uccello_Heiliger_Georg_und_der_Drachen_1_470.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Paolo_Uccello_Heiliger_Georg_und_der_Drachen_1_470.jpg/360px-Paolo_Uccello_Heiliger_Georg_und_der_Drachen_1_470.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1700" data-file-height="1301" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Paolo_Uccello" title="Paolo Uccello">Paolo Uccello</a>'s 1470 <i><a href="/wiki/Saint_George_and_the_Dragon_(Uccello)" title="Saint George and the Dragon (Uccello)">Saint George and the Dragon</a></i>, illustrating a separate legend that became confused with the story of Perseus and Andromeda, introducing a horse for the hero<sup id="cite_ref-Whatley_2004_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Whatley_2004-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 185px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Piero_di_Cosimo_-_Liberazione_di_Andromeda_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Piero di Cosimo, Perseus Freeing Andromeda, c. 1510. The hero is depicted with winged sandals, while Andromeda is clothed, unlike in many later paintings."><img alt="Piero di Cosimo, Perseus Freeing Andromeda, c. 1510. The hero is depicted with winged sandals, while Andromeda is clothed, unlike in many later paintings." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Piero_di_Cosimo_-_Liberazione_di_Andromeda_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/180px-Piero_di_Cosimo_-_Liberazione_di_Andromeda_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="102" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Piero_di_Cosimo_-_Liberazione_di_Andromeda_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/270px-Piero_di_Cosimo_-_Liberazione_di_Andromeda_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Piero_di_Cosimo_-_Liberazione_di_Andromeda_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/360px-Piero_di_Cosimo_-_Liberazione_di_Andromeda_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 2x" data-file-width="9704" data-file-height="5520" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Piero_di_Cosimo" title="Piero di Cosimo">Piero di Cosimo</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Perseus_Freeing_Andromeda" title="Perseus Freeing Andromeda">Perseus Freeing Andromeda</a></i>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1510</span>. The hero is depicted with winged sandals, while Andromeda is clothed, unlike in many later paintings. </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 185px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:D%27arpino-Androm%C3%A8de.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Giuseppe Cesari, Perseus and Andromeda, 1602. The hero is shown riding Pegasus, the flying horse, in a departure from classical myth.[1]"><img alt="Giuseppe Cesari, Perseus and Andromeda, 1602. The hero is shown riding Pegasus, the flying horse, in a departure from classical myth.[1]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/D%27arpino-Androm%C3%A8de.jpg/132px-D%27arpino-Androm%C3%A8de.jpg" decoding="async" width="132" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/D%27arpino-Androm%C3%A8de.jpg/198px-D%27arpino-Androm%C3%A8de.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/D%27arpino-Androm%C3%A8de.jpg/264px-D%27arpino-Androm%C3%A8de.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2588" data-file-height="3524" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Cesari" title="Giuseppe Cesari">Giuseppe Cesari</a>, <i>Perseus and Andromeda</i>, 1602. The hero is shown riding <a href="/wiki/Pegasus" title="Pegasus">Pegasus</a>, the flying horse, in a departure from classical myth.<sup id="cite_ref-Whatley_2004_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Whatley_2004-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Idealized_beauty_to_realism">Idealized beauty to realism</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andromeda_(mythology)&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Idealized beauty to realism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Andromeda, and her role in the popular myth of Perseus, has been the subject of numerous ancient and modern works of art, where she is represented as a bound and helpless, typically beautiful, young woman placed in terrible danger, who must be saved through the unswerving courage of a hero who loves her. She is often shown, as by <a href="/wiki/Peter_Paul_Rubens" title="Peter Paul Rubens">Rubens</a>, with Perseus and the flying horse Pegasus at the moment she is freed.<sup id="cite_ref-Grafton_Pegasus_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Grafton_Pegasus-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Rembrandt" title="Rembrandt">Rembrandt</a>, in contrast, <a href="/wiki/Andromeda_Chained_to_the_Rocks" title="Andromeda Chained to the Rocks">shows a suffering Andromeda</a>, frightened and alone. She is depicted naturalistically, exemplifying the painter's rejection of idealized beauty.<sup id="cite_ref-Clark_1966_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Clark_1966-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Frederic,_Lord_Leighton" class="mw-redirect" title="Frederic, Lord Leighton">Frederic, Lord Leighton</a>'s Gothic style 1891 <i><a href="/wiki/Perseus_and_Andromeda_(Leighton)" title="Perseus and Andromeda (Leighton)">Perseus and Andromeda</a></i> painting presents the white body of Andromeda in pure and untouched innocence, indicating an unfair sacrifice for a divine punishment that was not directed towards her, but to her mother. Pegasus and Perseus are surrounded by a <a href="/wiki/Halo_(religious_iconography)" title="Halo (religious iconography)">halo</a> of light that connects them visually to the white body of the princess.<sup id="cite_ref-Leighton_Loggia_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Leighton_Loggia-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-nolines center"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 185px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Peter_Paul_Rubens_-_Perseus_and_Andromeda_(Hermitage_Museum).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Peter Paul Rubens, Perseus and Andromeda, c. 1622, showing the moment that Perseus and Pegasus free Andromeda[53]"><img alt="Peter Paul Rubens, Perseus and Andromeda, c. 1622, showing the moment that Perseus and Pegasus free Andromeda[53]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Peter_Paul_Rubens_-_Perseus_and_Andromeda_%28Hermitage_Museum%29.jpg/180px-Peter_Paul_Rubens_-_Perseus_and_Andromeda_%28Hermitage_Museum%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Peter_Paul_Rubens_-_Perseus_and_Andromeda_%28Hermitage_Museum%29.jpg/270px-Peter_Paul_Rubens_-_Perseus_and_Andromeda_%28Hermitage_Museum%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Peter_Paul_Rubens_-_Perseus_and_Andromeda_%28Hermitage_Museum%29.jpg/360px-Peter_Paul_Rubens_-_Perseus_and_Andromeda_%28Hermitage_Museum%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3772" data-file-height="2691" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Peter_Paul_Rubens" title="Peter Paul Rubens">Peter Paul Rubens</a>, <i>Perseus and Andromeda</i>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1622</span>, showing the moment that Perseus and Pegasus free Andromeda<sup id="cite_ref-Grafton_Pegasus_53-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Grafton_Pegasus-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 185px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Rembrandt_Harmensz._van_Rijn_011.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Rembrandt, Andromeda Chained to the Rocks, 1630, showing Andromeda frightened and alone[54]"><img alt="Rembrandt, Andromeda Chained to the Rocks, 1630, showing Andromeda frightened and alone[54]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Rembrandt_Harmensz._van_Rijn_011.jpg/129px-Rembrandt_Harmensz._van_Rijn_011.jpg" decoding="async" width="129" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Rembrandt_Harmensz._van_Rijn_011.jpg/194px-Rembrandt_Harmensz._van_Rijn_011.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Rembrandt_Harmensz._van_Rijn_011.jpg/258px-Rembrandt_Harmensz._van_Rijn_011.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1393" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Rembrandt" title="Rembrandt">Rembrandt</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Andromeda_Chained_to_the_Rocks" title="Andromeda Chained to the Rocks">Andromeda Chained to the Rocks</a></i>, 1630, showing Andromeda frightened and alone<sup id="cite_ref-Clark_1966_54-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Clark_1966-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 185px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1869_Edward_Poynter_-_Andromeda.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Edward Poynter, Andromeda, 1869, depicted as an idealized beauty"><img alt="Edward Poynter, Andromeda, 1869, depicted as an idealized beauty" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/1869_Edward_Poynter_-_Andromeda.jpg/124px-1869_Edward_Poynter_-_Andromeda.jpg" decoding="async" width="124" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/1869_Edward_Poynter_-_Andromeda.jpg/187px-1869_Edward_Poynter_-_Andromeda.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/1869_Edward_Poynter_-_Andromeda.jpg/249px-1869_Edward_Poynter_-_Andromeda.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2769" data-file-height="4000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Edward_Poynter" title="Edward Poynter">Edward Poynter</a>, <i>Andromeda</i>, 1869, depicted as an idealized beauty</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 185px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Frederic,_Lord_Leighton_-_Perseus_and_Andromeda_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Frederic, Lord Leighton, Perseus and Andromeda, 1891, showing the punishment as unfair[55]"><img alt="Frederic, Lord Leighton, Perseus and Andromeda, 1891, showing the punishment as unfair[55]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Frederic%2C_Lord_Leighton_-_Perseus_and_Andromeda_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/99px-Frederic%2C_Lord_Leighton_-_Perseus_and_Andromeda_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" decoding="async" width="99" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Frederic%2C_Lord_Leighton_-_Perseus_and_Andromeda_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/148px-Frederic%2C_Lord_Leighton_-_Perseus_and_Andromeda_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Frederic%2C_Lord_Leighton_-_Perseus_and_Andromeda_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/198px-Frederic%2C_Lord_Leighton_-_Perseus_and_Andromeda_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2055" data-file-height="3736" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Frederic,_Lord_Leighton" class="mw-redirect" title="Frederic, Lord Leighton">Frederic, Lord Leighton</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Perseus_and_Andromeda_(Leighton)" title="Perseus and Andromeda (Leighton)">Perseus and Andromeda</a></i>, 1891, showing the punishment as unfair<sup id="cite_ref-Leighton_Loggia_55-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Leighton_Loggia-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Varied_materials_and_approaches">Varied materials and approaches</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andromeda_(mythology)&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Varied materials and approaches"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Apart from oil on canvas, artists have used a variety of materials to depict the myth of Andromeda, including the sculptor <a href="/wiki/Domenico_Guidi" title="Domenico Guidi">Domenico Guidi</a>'s marble, and <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Boucher" title="François Boucher">François Boucher</a>'s etching. In <a href="/wiki/Modern_art" title="Modern art">modern art</a> of the 20th century, artists moved to depict the myth in new ways. <a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9lix_Vallotton" title="Félix Vallotton">Félix Vallotton</a>'s 1910 <i>Perseus Killing the Dragon</i> is one of several paintings, such as his 1908 <i>The Rape of Europa</i>, in which the artist depicts human bodies using a harsh light which makes them appear brutal.<sup id="cite_ref-Vallotton.com_56-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Vallotton.com-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Liberman" title="Alexander Liberman">Alexander Liberman</a>'s 1962 <i>Andromeda</i> is a black circle on a white field, transected by purple and dark green <a href="/wiki/Crescent" title="Crescent">crescent</a> arcs.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-nolines center"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 185px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Andromeda_and_the_Sea_Monster_MET_DP248138.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Domenico Guidi, marble statue Andromeda and the Sea Monster, 1694"><img alt="Domenico Guidi, marble statue Andromeda and the Sea Monster, 1694" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Andromeda_and_the_Sea_Monster_MET_DP248138.jpg/136px-Andromeda_and_the_Sea_Monster_MET_DP248138.jpg" decoding="async" width="136" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Andromeda_and_the_Sea_Monster_MET_DP248138.jpg/204px-Andromeda_and_the_Sea_Monster_MET_DP248138.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Andromeda_and_the_Sea_Monster_MET_DP248138.jpg/271px-Andromeda_and_the_Sea_Monster_MET_DP248138.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3017" data-file-height="4000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Domenico_Guidi" title="Domenico Guidi">Domenico Guidi</a>, marble statue <i>Andromeda and the Sea Monster</i>, 1694</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 185px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Fran%C3%A7ois_Boucher_-_Andromeda_(Androm%C3%A8de)_-_2016.7_-_Cleveland_Museum_of_Art.tif" class="mw-file-description" title="François Boucher, etching print Andromeda, 1732"><img alt="François Boucher, etching print Andromeda, 1732" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Fran%C3%A7ois_Boucher_-_Andromeda_%28Androm%C3%A8de%29_-_2016.7_-_Cleveland_Museum_of_Art.tif/lossy-page1-130px-Fran%C3%A7ois_Boucher_-_Andromeda_%28Androm%C3%A8de%29_-_2016.7_-_Cleveland_Museum_of_Art.tif.jpg" decoding="async" width="130" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Fran%C3%A7ois_Boucher_-_Andromeda_%28Androm%C3%A8de%29_-_2016.7_-_Cleveland_Museum_of_Art.tif/lossy-page1-195px-Fran%C3%A7ois_Boucher_-_Andromeda_%28Androm%C3%A8de%29_-_2016.7_-_Cleveland_Museum_of_Art.tif.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Fran%C3%A7ois_Boucher_-_Andromeda_%28Androm%C3%A8de%29_-_2016.7_-_Cleveland_Museum_of_Art.tif/lossy-page1-260px-Fran%C3%A7ois_Boucher_-_Andromeda_%28Androm%C3%A8de%29_-_2016.7_-_Cleveland_Museum_of_Art.tif.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5343" data-file-height="7382" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Boucher" title="François Boucher">François Boucher</a>, etching print <i>Andromeda</i>, 1732</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 185px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:F%C3%A9lix_Vallotton_Pers%C3%A9e_tuant_le_dragon_1910.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Félix Vallotton, Perseus Killing the Dragon, 1910, in a deliberately harsh light. Oil on canvas[56]"><img alt="Félix Vallotton, Perseus Killing the Dragon, 1910, in a deliberately harsh light. Oil on canvas[56]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/F%C3%A9lix_Vallotton_Pers%C3%A9e_tuant_le_dragon_1910.JPG/180px-F%C3%A9lix_Vallotton_Pers%C3%A9e_tuant_le_dragon_1910.JPG" decoding="async" width="180" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/F%C3%A9lix_Vallotton_Pers%C3%A9e_tuant_le_dragon_1910.JPG/270px-F%C3%A9lix_Vallotton_Pers%C3%A9e_tuant_le_dragon_1910.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/F%C3%A9lix_Vallotton_Pers%C3%A9e_tuant_le_dragon_1910.JPG/360px-F%C3%A9lix_Vallotton_Pers%C3%A9e_tuant_le_dragon_1910.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4156" data-file-height="3024" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9lix_Vallotton" title="Félix Vallotton">Félix Vallotton</a>, <i>Perseus Killing the Dragon</i>, 1910, in a deliberately harsh light. Oil on canvas<sup id="cite_ref-Vallotton.com_56-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Vallotton.com-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Analysis">Analysis</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andromeda_(mythology)&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Analysis"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ethnicity">Ethnicity</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andromeda_(mythology)&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Ethnicity"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Aethiopia" title="Aethiopia">Aethiopia</a> and <a href="/wiki/White_Aethiopians" title="White Aethiopians">White Aethiopians</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Herodotus_world_map-en.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Herodotus_world_map-en.svg/390px-Herodotus_world_map-en.svg.png" decoding="async" width="390" height="236" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Herodotus_world_map-en.svg/585px-Herodotus_world_map-en.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Herodotus_world_map-en.svg/780px-Herodotus_world_map-en.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="788" data-file-height="476" /></a><figcaption>According to <a href="/wiki/Herodotus" title="Herodotus">Herodotus</a> in the 5th century BC, the Aethiopians were a dark-skinned people occupying the whole of the southernmost fringes of the inhabitable world, to the south of <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Libya" title="Ancient Libya">Libya</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Herodotus_Aethiopia_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Herodotus_Aethiopia-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>Andromeda was the daughter of the king and queen of Aethiopia, which <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greece" title="Ancient Greece">ancient Greeks</a> located at the edge of the world in <a href="/wiki/Nubia" title="Nubia">Nubia</a>, the lands south of Egypt. The term <i>Aithiops</i> was applied to peoples who dwelt above the equator, between the <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Ocean" title="Atlantic Ocean">Atlantic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Indian_Ocean" title="Indian Ocean">Indian Oceans</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Homer" title="Homer">Homer</a> says the Ethiopians live "at the world's end, and lie in two halves, the one looking West and the other East".<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 5th-century BC historian <a href="/wiki/Herodotus" title="Herodotus">Herodotus</a> writes that "Where south inclines westwards, the part of the world stretching farthest towards the sunset is Ethiopia", and also included a plan by <a href="/wiki/Cambyses_II_of_Persia" class="mw-redirect" title="Cambyses II of Persia">Cambyses II of Persia</a> to invade Ethiopia (<a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Kush" title="Kingdom of Kush">Kush</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By the 1st century BC a rival location for Andromeda's story had become established: an outcrop of rocks near the ancient port city of <a href="/wiki/Jaffa" title="Jaffa">Joppa</a>, as reported by <a href="/wiki/Pomponius_Mela" title="Pomponius Mela">Pomponius Mela</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the traveller <a href="/wiki/Pausanias_(geographer)" title="Pausanias (geographer)">Pausanias</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the geographer <a href="/wiki/Strabo" title="Strabo">Strabo</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the historian <a href="/wiki/Josephus" title="Josephus">Josephus</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A case has been made that this new version of the myth was exploited to enhance the fame and serve the local tourist trade of Joppa, which also became connected with the <a href="/wiki/Bible" title="Bible">biblical</a> story of <a href="/wiki/Jonah" title="Jonah">Jonah</a> and yet another huge sea creature.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was at odds with Andromeda's African origins, adding to the confusion already surrounding her ethnicity, as reflected in 5th-century BC Greek vase images showing Andromeda attended by dark-skinned African servants and wearing clothing that would have looked foreign to Greeks, yet with light skin.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the <i><a href="/wiki/Greek_Anthology" title="Greek Anthology">Greek Anthology</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Philodemus" title="Philodemus">Philodemus</a> (1st century BC) wrote about the "Indian Andromeda".<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The art historian <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_McGrath_(art_historian)" title="Elizabeth McGrath (art historian)">Elizabeth McGrath</a> discusses the tradition, as promoted by the influential <a href="/wiki/Augustan_literature_(ancient_Rome)" title="Augustan literature (ancient Rome)">Roman poet</a> Ovid, that Andromeda was a dark-skinned woman of either Ethiopian or Indian origin.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In his <i><a href="/wiki/Heroides" title="Heroides">Heroides</a></i>, Ovid has <a href="/wiki/Sappho" title="Sappho">Sappho</a> explain to <a href="/wiki/Phaon" title="Phaon">Phaon</a>: "If I'm not pale, Andromeda pleased Perseus, dark with the colour of her father Cepheus's land. And often white pigeons mate with other hues, and the dark turtledove's loved by emerald birds";<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the Latin word <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">fuscae</i></span> Ovid uses here for 'dark Andromeda' refers to the colour black or brown. Elsewhere he says that Perseus brought Andromeda from "darkest" India<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and declares "Nor was Andromeda's colour any problem to her wing-footed aerial lover"<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> adding that "White suits dark girls; you looked so attractive in white, Andromeda".<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ovid's account of Andromeda's story<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> follows Euripides' play <i>Andromeda</i> in having Perseus initially mistake the chained Andromeda for a statue of marble, which has been taken to mean she was light-skinned; but since statues in Ovid's time were commonly painted to look like living people, her skin could have been of any colour.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The ambiguity is reflected in a description by the 2nd-century AD <a href="/wiki/Sophist" title="Sophist">sophist</a> <a href="/wiki/Philostratus" title="Philostratus">Philostratus</a> of a painting depicting Perseus and Andromeda. He emphasizes the painting's Ethiopian setting, and notes that Andromeda "is charming in that she is fair of skin though in Ethiopia," in clear contrast to the other "charming Ethiopians with their strange coloring and their grim smiles" who have assembled to cheer Perseus in this picture.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Heliodorus_of_Emesa" title="Heliodorus of Emesa">Heliodorus of Emesa</a> follows Philostratus in describing Andromeda as light-skinned in contrast to the clearly dark-skinned Aethiopians; in his <i><a href="/wiki/Aethiopica" title="Aethiopica">Aethiopica</a></i>, Queen Persinna of Aethiopia gives birth to an inexplicably white girl, Chariclea. Heliodorus states that this happened because the queen had gazed at a picture of Andromeda in the palace. The scholar of literature John Michael Archer calls this an example of "how African space is defined by European reference points".<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Artworks in the modern era continue to portray Andromeda as fair-skinned, regardless of her stated origins; only a small minority of artists, such as an engraving after <a href="/wiki/Abraham_van_Diepenbeeck" title="Abraham van Diepenbeeck">Abraham van Diepenbeeck</a>, have chosen to show her as dark. The journalist Patricia Yaker Ekall comments that even this work depicts Andromeda with "European features". She suggests that the "narrative" of <a href="/wiki/White_superiority" class="mw-redirect" title="White superiority">white superiority</a> took precedence, and that "the visual of a white man rescuing a chained up black woman would have been too much of a <a href="/wiki/Trauma_trigger" title="Trauma trigger">trigger</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-Ekall_2021_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ekall_2021-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-nolines center"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 185px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tableaux_du_temple_des_muses_-_tirez_du_cabinet_de_feu_Mr._Fauereau,_conseiller_du_roy_en_sa_Cour_des_aydes,_and_grauez_en_tailles-douces_par_les_meilleurs_maistres_de_son_temps,_pour_representer_les_(14586798939).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Engraving after Abraham van Diepenbeeck, The Rescue of Andromeda (1632–1635), from M. de Marolles, Tableaux du Temple des Muses (Paris, 1655), is exceptional in showing Andromeda as dark-skinned.[3]"><img alt="Engraving after Abraham van Diepenbeeck, The Rescue of Andromeda (1632–1635), from M. de Marolles, Tableaux du Temple des Muses (Paris, 1655), is exceptional in showing Andromeda as dark-skinned.[3]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Tableaux_du_temple_des_muses_-_tirez_du_cabinet_de_feu_Mr._Fauereau%2C_conseiller_du_roy_en_sa_Cour_des_aydes%2C_and_grauez_en_tailles-douces_par_les_meilleurs_maistres_de_son_temps%2C_pour_representer_les_%2814586798939%29.jpg/139px-thumbnail.jpg" decoding="async" width="139" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Tableaux_du_temple_des_muses_-_tirez_du_cabinet_de_feu_Mr._Fauereau%2C_conseiller_du_roy_en_sa_Cour_des_aydes%2C_and_grauez_en_tailles-douces_par_les_meilleurs_maistres_de_son_temps%2C_pour_representer_les_%2814586798939%29.jpg/209px-thumbnail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Tableaux_du_temple_des_muses_-_tirez_du_cabinet_de_feu_Mr._Fauereau%2C_conseiller_du_roy_en_sa_Cour_des_aydes%2C_and_grauez_en_tailles-douces_par_les_meilleurs_maistres_de_son_temps%2C_pour_representer_les_%2814586798939%29.jpg/278px-thumbnail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2132" data-file-height="2758" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Engraving after <a href="/wiki/Abraham_van_Diepenbeeck" title="Abraham van Diepenbeeck">Abraham van Diepenbeeck</a>, <i>The Rescue of Andromeda</i> (1632–1635), from M. de Marolles, <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Tableaux du Temple des Muses</i></span> (Paris, 1655), is exceptional in showing Andromeda as dark-skinned.<sup id="cite_ref-Ekall_2021_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ekall_2021-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 185px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Delacroix_Andromeda.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Eugène Delacroix, Perseus and Andromeda, c. 1853, follows the mainstream in depicting Andromeda as light-skinned."><img alt="Eugène Delacroix, Perseus and Andromeda, c. 1853, follows the mainstream in depicting Andromeda as light-skinned." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Delacroix_Andromeda.jpg/138px-Delacroix_Andromeda.jpg" decoding="async" width="138" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Delacroix_Andromeda.jpg/207px-Delacroix_Andromeda.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Delacroix_Andromeda.jpg/275px-Delacroix_Andromeda.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1249" data-file-height="1632" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Eug%C3%A8ne_Delacroix" title="Eugène Delacroix">Eugène Delacroix</a>, <i>Perseus and Andromeda</i>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1853</span>, follows the mainstream in depicting Andromeda as light-skinned.</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bondage_and_rescue">Bondage and rescue</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andromeda_(mythology)&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Bondage and rescue"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Knight_Errant_b_John_Everett_Millais_1870.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/The_Knight_Errant_b_John_Everett_Millais_1870.jpg/170px-The_Knight_Errant_b_John_Everett_Millais_1870.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="229" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/The_Knight_Errant_b_John_Everett_Millais_1870.jpg/255px-The_Knight_Errant_b_John_Everett_Millais_1870.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/The_Knight_Errant_b_John_Everett_Millais_1870.jpg/340px-The_Knight_Errant_b_John_Everett_Millais_1870.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="1078" /></a><figcaption>The Andromeda story has been compared to the erotically charged painting, <a href="/wiki/John_Everett_Millais" title="John Everett Millais">John Everett Millais</a>'s <i>The Knight Errant</i> (1870), which embodies similar psychological motifs.<sup id="cite_ref-Munich_1989_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Munich_1989-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>The imagery of Perseus and Andromeda was depicted by many artists of the <a href="/wiki/Victorian_era" title="Victorian era">Victorian era</a>. Adrienne Munich states that most of these choose the moment after the hero Perseus has killed Medusa and is preparing to "slay the dragon and unbind the maiden".<sup id="cite_ref-Munich_1989_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Munich_1989-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In her view, this transitional moment just precedes "the hero's final test of manhood before entering adult sexuality".<sup id="cite_ref-Munich_1989_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Munich_1989-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Andromeda, on the other hand, "has no story, but she has a role and a lineage", being a princess, and having "attributes: chains, nakedness, flowing hair, beauty, virginity. Without a voice in her fate, she neither defies the gods nor chooses her mate."<sup id="cite_ref-Munich_1989_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Munich_1989-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Munich comments that given that most of the artists were men, "it can be thought of as a male myth", providing convenient gender roles. She cites Catherine MacKinnon's description of the gender differences as "the erotization of dominance and submission": the male gets the power and the female is submissive. Further, the rescue myth provides a "veneer of charity" over the themes of aggression and possession.<sup id="cite_ref-Munich_1989_4-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Munich_1989-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Munich likens the effect to <a href="/wiki/John_Everett_Millais" title="John Everett Millais">John Everett Millais</a>'s 1870 painting <i>The Knight Errant</i>, where the knight, "errant like <a href="/wiki/Oedipus" title="Oedipus">Oedipus</a>", finds a man sexually assaulting a bound and naked woman, which she calls a <a href="/wiki/Freudian" class="mw-redirect" title="Freudian">Freudian</a> "primal scene". The knight kills the man and frees the woman. She asks whether Millais's knight is hiding from the woman's body, or demonstrating self-control, or whether he has "killed his own more aggressive self".<sup id="cite_ref-Munich_1989_4-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Munich_1989-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She states that similar psychological themes are implied by the story of Perseus and Andromeda: Perseus makes Andromeda into a mother, thus Oedipally "conflating the purpose of his quest with the goal of finding a wife."<sup id="cite_ref-Munich_1989_4-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Munich_1989-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As for the bondage, Munich notes that the Victorian critic <a href="/wiki/John_Ruskin" title="John Ruskin">John Ruskin</a> attacked male exploitation of what she calls "suffering nudes as subjects for titillating pictures."<sup id="cite_ref-Munich_1989_4-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Munich_1989-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "Andromeda" is, she writes, the name of a type of "debased" imagery. She gives as example Gustave Doré's drawing of the voluptuously chained-up Angelica for <span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it">Orlando Furioso</i></span>, where "torment combines with an artistic pose, giving a new meaning to the concept of the 'pin-up'."<sup id="cite_ref-Munich_1989_4-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Munich_1989-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She notes Ruskin's assertion that the image linked nude prostitutes to the naked Christ, both perverting the meaning of Andromeda's suffering and "blasphem[ing] Christ's sacrifice".<sup id="cite_ref-Munich_1989_4-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Munich_1989-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Further, Munich writes, Andromeda's name means 'Ruler of Men', hinting at her power; and indeed, she can be seen as "the good sister" of the monstrous female, the Medusa who turns men to stone. In psychological terms, she comments, "by slaying the Medusa and freeing Andromeda, the hero tames the chaotic female, the very sign of nature, simultaneously choosing and constructing the socially defined and acceptable female behavior."<sup id="cite_ref-Munich_1989_4-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Munich_1989-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Adrienne_Munich%27s_analysis_of_Andromeda_myth.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Adrienne_Munich%27s_analysis_of_Andromeda_myth.svg/550px-Adrienne_Munich%27s_analysis_of_Andromeda_myth.svg.png" decoding="async" width="550" height="413" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Adrienne_Munich%27s_analysis_of_Andromeda_myth.svg/825px-Adrienne_Munich%27s_analysis_of_Andromeda_myth.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Adrienne_Munich%27s_analysis_of_Andromeda_myth.svg/1100px-Adrienne_Munich%27s_analysis_of_Andromeda_myth.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="720" /></a><figcaption>Adrienne Munich's analysis of the Andromeda myth<sup id="cite_ref-Munich_1989_4-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Munich_1989-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kadmos_dragon_Louvre_E707_(enhanced).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Kadmos_dragon_Louvre_E707_%28enhanced%29.jpg/220px-Kadmos_dragon_Louvre_E707_%28enhanced%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Kadmos_dragon_Louvre_E707_%28enhanced%29.jpg/330px-Kadmos_dragon_Louvre_E707_%28enhanced%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Kadmos_dragon_Louvre_E707_%28enhanced%29.jpg/440px-Kadmos_dragon_Louvre_E707_%28enhanced%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2396" data-file-height="1791" /></a><figcaption>The story of <a href="/wiki/Cadmus" title="Cadmus">Cadmus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Harmonia" title="Harmonia">Harmonia</a>, and the dragon is one of several myths similar to that of Perseus and Andromeda.<sup id="cite_ref-Knutson_1992_5-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Knutson_1992-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Black-figured <a href="/wiki/Amphora" title="Amphora">amphora</a> from <a href="/wiki/Euboea" title="Euboea">Euboea</a>, 560–550 BC</figcaption></figure> <p>The scholar of literature Harold Knutson describes the story as having a "disturbing sensuality", which together with the evident injustice of Andromeda's "undeserved sacrifice, create a curiously ambiguous effect".<sup id="cite_ref-Knutson_1992_5-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Knutson_1992-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He suggests that in the earlier Palestinian version, the woman was the object of desire, <a href="/wiki/Aphrodite" title="Aphrodite">Aphrodite</a>/<a href="/wiki/Inanna" title="Inanna">Ishtar</a>/<a href="/wiki/Astarte" title="Astarte">Astarte</a>, and the hero was the <a href="/wiki/Sun_god" class="mw-redirect" title="Sun god">sun god</a> <a href="/wiki/Marduk" title="Marduk">Marduk</a>. The monster was woman in evil form, so chaining her human form would keep her from further evil. Knutson comments that the myth illustrates "the ambiguous male view of the eternal female principle."<sup id="cite_ref-Knutson_1992_5-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Knutson_1992-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Knutson writes that a similar pattern is seen in several other myths, including Heracles' rescue of <a href="/wiki/Hesione" title="Hesione">Hesione</a>; <a href="/wiki/Jason" title="Jason">Jason</a>'s rescue of Medea from the hundred-eyed dragon; <a href="/wiki/Cadmus" title="Cadmus">Cadmus</a>'s rescue of <a href="/wiki/Harmonia" title="Harmonia">Harmonia</a> from a dragon; and in an early version of another tale, <a href="/wiki/Theseus" title="Theseus">Theseus</a>'s rescue of <a href="/wiki/Ariadne" title="Ariadne">Ariadne</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Minotaur" title="Minotaur">Minotaur</a>. He comments that all of this points to "the richness of the [story's] archetypal model", citing Hudo Hetzner's analysis of the many stories that involve a hero rescuing a maiden from a monster. The beast may be a sea-monster, or it may be a dragon that lives in a cave and terrifies a whole country, or the monstrous <a href="/wiki/Count_Dracula" title="Count Dracula">Count Dracula</a> who lives in <a href="/wiki/Castle_Dracula" title="Castle Dracula">a castle</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Knutson_1992_5-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Knutson_1992-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andromeda_(mythology)&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hesione" title="Hesione">Hesione</a> – saved by Heracles from a sea monster</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleostratus_(mythology)" title="Cleostratus (mythology)">Cleostratus</a> – saved by <a href="/wiki/Menestratus_(Thespiae)" title="Menestratus (Thespiae)">Menestratus</a> from a dragon</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alcyoneus_(son_of_Diomos)" title="Alcyoneus (son of Diomos)">Alcyoneus</a> – saved by <a href="/wiki/Eurybarus" title="Eurybarus">Eurybarus</a> from a cave-dwelling monster</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iphigenia" title="Iphigenia">Iphigenia</a> – sacrificed to the goddess Artemis (or rescued, depending on the version)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andromeda_(mythology)&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Whatley_2004-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Whatley_2004_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Whatley_2004_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Whatley_2004_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Whatley_2004_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Whatley_2004_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFWhatley,_E._GordonThompson,_Anne_B._ThompsonUpchurch,_Robert_K.2004" class="citation book cs1">Whatley, E. Gordon; Thompson, Anne B. Thompson; Upchurch, Robert K., eds. (2004). "St. George and the Dragon: Introduction". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://d.lib.rochester.edu/teams/text/whatley-saints-lives-in-middle-english-collections-st-george-and-the-dragon"><i>Saints' Lives in Middle Spanish Collections</i></a>. Kalamazoo, Michigan: Medieval Institute Publications. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-5804-4089-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-5804-4089-9"><bdi>978-1-5804-4089-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=St.+George+and+the+Dragon%3A+Introduction&rft.btitle=Saints%27+Lives+in+Middle+Spanish+Collections&rft.place=Kalamazoo%2C+Michigan&rft.pub=Medieval+Institute+Publications&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-1-5804-4089-9&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fd.lib.rochester.edu%2Fteams%2Ftext%2Fwhatley-saints-lives-in-middle-english-collections-st-george-and-the-dragon&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndromeda+%28mythology%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-National_Gallery-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-National_Gallery_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-National_Gallery_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-National_Gallery_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nationalgallery.org.uk/paintings/glossary/perseus-and-andromeda">"Perseus and Andromeda"</a>. <a href="/wiki/National_Gallery" title="National Gallery">National Gallery</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 December</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Perseus+and+Andromeda&rft.pub=National+Gallery&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nationalgallery.org.uk%2Fpaintings%2Fglossary%2Fperseus-and-andromeda&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndromeda+%28mythology%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ekall_2021-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Ekall_2021_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ekall_2021_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ekall_2021_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEkall2021" class="citation web cs1">Ekall, Patricia Yaker (17 August 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://artuk.org/discover/stories/andromeda-forgotten-woman-of-greek-mythology">"Andromeda: forgotten woman of Greek mythology"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Art_UK" title="Art UK">Art UK</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 December</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Andromeda%3A+forgotten+woman+of+Greek+mythology&rft.pub=Art+UK&rft.date=2021-08-17&rft.aulast=Ekall&rft.aufirst=Patricia+Yaker&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fartuk.org%2Fdiscover%2Fstories%2Fandromeda-forgotten-woman-of-greek-mythology&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndromeda+%28mythology%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Munich_1989-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Munich_1989_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Munich_1989_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Munich_1989_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Munich_1989_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Munich_1989_4-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Munich_1989_4-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Munich_1989_4-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Munich_1989_4-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Munich_1989_4-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Munich_1989_4-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Munich_1989_4-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Munich_1989_4-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Munich_1989_4-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMunich1989" class="citation book cs1">Munich, Adrienne (1989). "The Poetics of Rescue, The Politics of Bondage". <i>Andromeda's Chains: Gender and Interpretation in Victorian Literature and Art</i>. New York: <a href="/wiki/Columbia_University_Press" title="Columbia University Press">Columbia University Press</a>. pp. 8–37. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-231-06872-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-231-06872-7"><bdi>0-231-06872-7</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/18909224">18909224</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Poetics+of+Rescue%2C+The+Politics+of+Bondage&rft.btitle=Andromeda%27s+Chains%3A+Gender+and+Interpretation+in+Victorian+Literature+and+Art&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=8-37&rft.pub=Columbia+University+Press&rft.date=1989&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F18909224&rft.isbn=0-231-06872-7&rft.aulast=Munich&rft.aufirst=Adrienne&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndromeda+%28mythology%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Knutson_1992-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Knutson_1992_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Knutson_1992_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Knutson_1992_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Knutson_1992_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Knutson_1992_5-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Knutson_1992_5-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Knutson_1992_5-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Knutson_1992_5-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Knutson_1992_5-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Knutson_1992_5-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Knutson_1992_5-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Knutson_1992_5-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Knutson_1992_5-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Knutson_1992_5-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Knutson_1992_5-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Knutson_1992_5-15"><sup><i><b>p</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Knutson_1992_5-16"><sup><i><b>q</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKnutson1992" class="citation book cs1">Knutson, Harold C. (1992). "Andromeda". In Brunel, Pierre (ed.). <i>Companion to Literary Myths, Heroes, and Archetypes</i>. <a href="/wiki/Routledge" title="Routledge">Routledge</a>. pp. 60–69. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-4150-6460-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-4150-6460-6"><bdi>978-0-4150-6460-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Andromeda&rft.btitle=Companion+to+Literary+Myths%2C+Heroes%2C+and+Archetypes&rft.pages=60-69&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=978-0-4150-6460-6&rft.aulast=Knutson&rft.aufirst=Harold+C.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndromeda+%28mythology%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-OEtymDict-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-OEtymDict_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.etymonline.com/word/andromeda">"Andromeda"</a>. <i>Online Etymology Dictionary</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 January</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Online+Etymology+Dictionary&rft.atitle=Andromeda&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.etymonline.com%2Fword%2Fandromeda&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndromeda+%28mythology%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Both <i><a href="/wiki/Catasterismi" title="Catasterismi">Catasterismi</a></i> 16 (Hard 2015, p. 19) and <i><a href="/wiki/De_Astronomica" class="mw-redirect" title="De Astronomica">De Astronomica</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://topostext.org/work/207#2.10.1">2.10</a> cite <a href="/wiki/Sophocles" title="Sophocles">Sophocles</a>' lost play <i>Andromeda</i> as their source for this. According to <a href="/wiki/Gaius_Julius_Hyginus" title="Gaius Julius Hyginus">Hyginus</a>, <i>Fabulae</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://topostext.org/work/206#64">64</a> Cassiopeia boasts of her daughter Andromeda's beauty rather than of her own.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrantHazel1993" class="citation book cs1">Grant, Michael; Hazel, John (1993) [1973]. <i>Who's Who in Classical Mythology</i>. Oxford University Press. p. 31. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-521030-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-521030-9"><bdi>978-0-19-521030-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Who%27s+Who+in+Classical+Mythology&rft.pages=31&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=978-0-19-521030-9&rft.aulast=Grant&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.au=Hazel%2C+John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndromeda+%28mythology%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKerenyi1997" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/K%C3%A1roly_Ker%C3%A9nyi" title="Károly Kerényi">Kerenyi, Carl</a> (1997). <i>The Heroes of the Greeks</i>. <a href="/wiki/Thames_%26_Hudson" title="Thames & Hudson">Thames & Hudson</a>. pp. 52–53. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-500-27049-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-500-27049-X"><bdi>0-500-27049-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Heroes+of+the+Greeks&rft.pages=52-53&rft.pub=Thames+%26+Hudson&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=0-500-27049-X&rft.aulast=Kerenyi&rft.aufirst=Carl&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndromeda+%28mythology%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hard 2004, pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=r1Y3xZWVlnIC&pg=PA240">240</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=r1Y3xZWVlnIC&pg=PA242">242</a>; Apollodorus, <a href="/wiki/Bibliotheca_(Pseudo-Apollodorus)" title="Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)"><i>Library</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0548.tlg001.perseus-eng1:2.4.3">2.4.3</a>; <a href="/wiki/Ovid" title="Ovid">Ovid</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Metamorphoses_(poem)" class="mw-redirect" title="Metamorphoses (poem)">Metamorphoses</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:latinLit:phi0959.phi006.perseus-eng1:4.604-4.705">4.663–5.235</a>; <a href="/wiki/Marcus_Manilius" title="Marcus Manilius">Marcus Manilius</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Astronomica_(Manilius)" title="Astronomica (Manilius)">Astronomica</a></i>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/manilius-astronomica/1977/pb_LCL469.345.xml">5.538–618 (pp. 344–51)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hard 2004, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=r1Y3xZWVlnIC&pg=PA242">p. 242</a>; Apollodorus, <a href="/wiki/Bibliotheca_(Pseudo-Apollodorus)" title="Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)"><i>Library</i></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0548.tlg001.perseus-eng1:2.4.3">2.4.3</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Apollodorus, <a href="/wiki/Bibliotheca_(Pseudo-Apollodorus)" title="Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)"><i>Library</i></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0548.tlg001.perseus-eng1:2.4.4">2.4.4</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hard 2004, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=r1Y3xZWVlnIC&pg=PA243">p. 243–244</a>; Apollodorus, <a href="/wiki/Bibliotheca_(Pseudo-Apollodorus)" title="Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)"><i>Library</i></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0548.tlg001.perseus-eng1:2.4.5">2.4.5</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Hesiod" title="Hesiod">Hesiodic</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Catalogue_of_Women" title="Catalogue of Women">Catalogue of Women</a></i> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/hesiod-other_fragments/2018/pb_LCL503.347.xml">fr. 241 Most, pp. 346–349</a>) likely listed their children as Alcaeus, Sthenelus and Electryon (Hard 2004, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=r1Y3xZWVlnIC&pg=PA634">p. 634 n. 113 to p. 243</a>), while <a href="/wiki/Herodorus" title="Herodorus">Herodorus</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/FGrHist" class="mw-redirect" title="FGrHist">FGrHist</a></i> 31 F15) adds <a href="/wiki/Mestor" title="Mestor">Mestor</a> to these three.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Smith, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0104:entry=andromeda-bio-1">s.v. Andromeda</a>; <i><a href="/wiki/Catasterismi" title="Catasterismi">Catasterismi</a></i> 17 (Hard 2015, p. 18); see also <a href="/wiki/Hyginus" class="mw-redirect" title="Hyginus">Hyginus</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/De_Astronomica" class="mw-redirect" title="De Astronomica">De Astronomica</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://topostext.org/work/207#2.11.1">2.11.1</a>. The <i>Catasterismi</i> cites <a href="/wiki/Euripides" title="Euripides">Euripides</a>' lost play <i><a href="/wiki/Andromeda_(play)" title="Andromeda (play)">Andromeda</a></i> as the source of this account.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVermeule1963" class="citation journal cs1">Vermeule, Cornelius (1963). "Department of Classical Art Annual Report for the Year 1963". <i>Museum of Fine Arts, Boston</i>. <b>88</b>: 33–43. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/43481008">43481008</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Museum+of+Fine+Arts%2C+Boston&rft.atitle=Department+of+Classical+Art+Annual+Report+for+the+Year+1963&rft.volume=88&rft.pages=33-43&rft.date=1963&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F43481008%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Vermeule&rft.aufirst=Cornelius&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndromeda+%28mythology%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Small_1999-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Small_1999_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Small_1999_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmall1999" class="citation journal cs1">Small, Jocelyn Penny (December 1999). "Time in Space: Narrative in Classical Art". <i>The Art Bulletin</i>. <b>81</b> (4): 562–575. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F3051334">10.2307/3051334</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/3051334">3051334</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Art+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Time+in+Space%3A+Narrative+in+Classical+Art&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=562-575&rft.date=1999-12&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F3051334&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F3051334%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Small&rft.aufirst=Jocelyn+Penny&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndromeda+%28mythology%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBeeson1986" class="citation journal cs1">Beeson, A. J. (1986). "Perseus and Andromeda as lovers. A mosaic panel from Brading and its origins". <i>Mosaic</i> (17): 13–19.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mosaic&rft.atitle=Perseus+and+Andromeda+as+lovers.+A+mosaic+panel+from+Brading+and+its+origins&rft.issue=17&rft.pages=13-19&rft.date=1986&rft.aulast=Beeson&rft.aufirst=A.+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndromeda+%28mythology%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKaroglou2018" class="citation journal cs1">Karoglou, Kiki (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=_SZKDwAAQBAJ&pg=11">"Dangerous Beauty: Medusa in Classical Art"</a>. <i>Museum of Art Bulletin</i>. <b>73</b> (3). Metropolitan Museum of Art: 11. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-58839-642-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-58839-642-6"><bdi>978-1-58839-642-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Museum+of+Art+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Dangerous+Beauty%3A+Medusa+in+Classical+Art&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=11&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=978-1-58839-642-6&rft.aulast=Karoglou&rft.aufirst=Kiki&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D_SZKDwAAQBAJ%26pg%3D11&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndromeda+%28mythology%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Gaius_Julius_Hyginus" title="Gaius Julius Hyginus">Hyginus</a>, <i>Fabulae</i>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://topostext.org/work/206#64">64</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Lucian" title="Lucian">Lucian</a>, <i>The Hall</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/lucian-hall/1913/pb_LCL014.201.xml">22 (pp. 200, 201)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Tzetzes" class="mw-redirect" title="Tzetzes">Tzetzes</a> on <a href="/wiki/Lycophron" title="Lycophron">Lycophron</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/isaakioukaiiann00mlgoog/page/819/mode/2up?view=theater">836 (pp. 820–1)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Conon_(mythographer)" title="Conon (mythographer)">Conon</a>, <i>Narrations</i>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=lWruCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA88">40 (Trzaskoma, Smith and Brunet, p. 88)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThompsonThompson2007" class="citation book cs1">Thompson, Robert Bruce; Thompson, Barbara Fritchman (2007). <i>Illustrated Guide to Astronomical Wonders</i>. O'Reilly. pp. 66–73. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-596-52685-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-596-52685-6"><bdi>978-0-596-52685-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Illustrated+Guide+to+Astronomical+Wonders&rft.pages=66-73&rft.pub=O%27Reilly&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-596-52685-6&rft.aulast=Thompson&rft.aufirst=Robert+Bruce&rft.au=Thompson%2C+Barbara+Fritchman&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndromeda+%28mythology%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChapman" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/George_Chapman" title="George Chapman">Chapman, George</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://quod.lib.umich.edu/e/eebo/A18401.0001.001?rgn=main;view=fulltext"><i>Andromeda liberata</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/University_of_Michigan" title="University of Michigan">University of Michigan</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 December</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Andromeda+liberata&rft.pub=University+of+Michigan&rft.aulast=Chapman&rft.aufirst=George&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fquod.lib.umich.edu%2Fe%2Feebo%2FA18401.0001.001%3Frgn%3Dmain%3Bview%3Dfulltext&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndromeda+%28mythology%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Waddington_1966-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Waddington_1966_25-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Waddington_1966_25-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Waddington_1966_25-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWaddington1966" class="citation journal cs1">Waddington, Raymond B. (1966). "Chapman's Andromeda Liberata: Mythology and Meaning". <i>Publications of the <a href="/wiki/Modern_Language_Association_of_America" class="mw-redirect" title="Modern Language Association of America">Modern Language Association of America</a></i>. <b>81</b> (1): 34–44. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F461306">10.2307/461306</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/461306">461306</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:164121070">164121070</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Publications+of+the+Modern+Language+Association+of+America&rft.atitle=Chapman%27s+Andromeda+Liberata%3A+Mythology+and+Meaning&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=34-44&rft.date=1966&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A164121070%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F461306%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F461306&rft.aulast=Waddington&rft.aufirst=Raymond+B.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndromeda+%28mythology%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrady2021" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Andrea_Brady" title="Andrea Brady">Brady, Andrea</a> (October 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/abs/poetry-and-bondage/fetters-of-verse/181495DED03EC13E0584C5730DB46FD2#">"The Fetters of Verse"</a>. <i>Introduction - The Fetters of Verse</i>. <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>. pp. 1–28. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2F9781108990684.001">10.1017/9781108990684.001</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-108-99068-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-108-99068-4"><bdi>978-1-108-99068-4</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:242479172">242479172</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 January</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Fetters+of+Verse&rft.btitle=Introduction+-+The+Fetters+of+Verse&rft.pages=1-28&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2021-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A242479172%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2F9781108990684.001&rft.isbn=978-1-108-99068-4&rft.aulast=Brady&rft.aufirst=Andrea&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cambridge.org%2Fcore%2Fbooks%2Fabs%2Fpoetry-and-bondage%2Ffetters-of-verse%2F181495DED03EC13E0584C5730DB46FD2%23&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndromeda+%28mythology%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSilver1975" class="citation journal cs1">Silver, Carole G. (1975). "<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'The Earthly Paradise': Lost". <i>Victorian Poetry</i>. <b>13</b> (3/4): 27–42. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/40001829">40001829</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Victorian+Poetry&rft.atitle=%27The+Earthly+Paradise%27%3A+Lost&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=3%2F4&rft.pages=27-42&rft.date=1975&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F40001829%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Silver&rft.aufirst=Carole+G.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndromeda+%28mythology%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hopkins, Gerard Manley (1879) <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Poems_of_Gerard_Manley_Hopkins/Andromeda">Andromeda</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Mariani, Paul L. "Hopkins' "Andromeda" and the New Aestheticism," Victorian Poetry, Vol. 11, No. 1 (Spring, 1973), pp. 39-54</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mariani_1973-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Mariani_1973_30-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMariani1973" class="citation journal cs1">Mariani, Paul L. (1973). "Hopkins' <i>Andromeda</i> and the New Aestheticism". <i>Victorian Poetry</i>. <b>11</b> (1): 39–54. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/40001776">40001776</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Victorian+Poetry&rft.atitle=Hopkins%27+Andromeda+and+the+New+Aestheticism&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=39-54&rft.date=1973&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F40001776%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Mariani&rft.aufirst=Paul+L.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndromeda+%28mythology%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cantatadramatica.com/andromeda-story">"Andromeda Cartoons by Matt Lawrence"</a>. Cantata Dramatica. 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 December</span> 2022</span>. <q>Some of the cartoons are accompanied by extracts from a recording made in 2019, a full version of which can be heard on the website of Cyril Bradley Rootham.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Andromeda+Cartoons+by+Matt+Lawrence&rft.pub=Cantata+Dramatica&rft.date=2015&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cantatadramatica.com%2Fandromeda-story&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndromeda+%28mythology%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMelville1851" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Herman_Melville" title="Herman Melville">Melville, Herman</a> (1851). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gutenberg.org/files/2701/2701-h/2701-h.htm"><i>Moby-Dick</i></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Moby-Dick&rft.date=1851&rft.aulast=Melville&rft.aufirst=Herman&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gutenberg.org%2Ffiles%2F2701%2F2701-h%2F2701-h.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndromeda+%28mythology%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Pardes_2005-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Pardes_2005_33-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pardes_2005_33-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pardes_2005_33-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPardes2005" class="citation journal cs1">Pardes, Ilana (2005). "Remapping Jonah's Voyage: Melville's "Moby-Dick" and Kitto's "Cyclopedia of Biblical Literature"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>". <i>Comparative Literature</i>. <b>57</b> (2): 135–157. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1215%2F-57-2-135">10.1215/-57-2-135</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/4122318">4122318</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Comparative+Literature&rft.atitle=Remapping+Jonah%27s+Voyage%3A+Melville%27s+%22Moby-Dick%22+and+Kitto%27s+%22Cyclopedia+of+Biblical+Literature%22&rft.volume=57&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=135-157&rft.date=2005&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1215%2F-57-2-135&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F4122318%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Pardes&rft.aufirst=Ilana&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndromeda+%28mythology%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SLT_1909-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-SLT_1909_34-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SLT_1909_34-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"[Review] The Woman, The Man and the Monster". <i><a href="/wiki/Salt_Lake_Tribune" class="mw-redirect" title="Salt Lake Tribune">Salt Lake Tribune</a></i>. 20 June 1909.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Salt+Lake+Tribune&rft.atitle=%5BReview%5D+The+Woman%2C+The+Man+and+the+Monster&rft.date=1909-06-20&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndromeda+%28mythology%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCarterOsborne2018" class="citation book cs1">Carter, David; Osborne, Roger (2018). <i>Australian Books and Authors in the American Marketplace 1840s-1940s</i>. <a href="/wiki/Sydney_University_Press" title="Sydney University Press">Sydney University Press</a>. p. 107. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-7433-2579-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-7433-2579-7"><bdi>978-1-7433-2579-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Australian+Books+and+Authors+in+the+American+Marketplace+1840s-1940s&rft.pages=107&rft.pub=Sydney+University+Press&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=978-1-7433-2579-7&rft.aulast=Carter&rft.aufirst=David&rft.au=Osborne%2C+Roger&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndromeda+%28mythology%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Nichols_(poet)" title="Robert Nichols (poet)">Nichols, Robert</a>. "Perseus and Andromeda", <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=fZ0NAQAAIAAJ">Fantastica: being the smile of the Sphinx and other tales of imagination</a></i>, Macmillan, 1923. The variant tales are on pages 75ff, 87ff, and 95ff respectively.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Tucker_1986-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Tucker_1986_37-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Tucker_1986_37-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTucker1986" class="citation journal cs1">Tucker, Lindsey (1986). 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At least architecturally, this prototype still survives essentially unchanged...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Music+in+the+Seventeenth+Century&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.pages=183&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1987&rft.aulast=Bianconi&rft.aufirst=Lorenzo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndromeda+%28mythology%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Rosand_1990-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Rosand_1990_45-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRosand1990" class="citation book cs1">Rosand, Ellen (1990). 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 December</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Jean-Baptiste+Lully%3A+Pers%C3%A9e&rft.pub=EuroArts&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.euroarts.com%2Ftv-license%2F5417-jean-baptiste-lully-persee&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndromeda+%28mythology%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCookson" class="citation web cs1">Cookson, Michael. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.musicweb-international.com/classrev/2005/Jan05/vivaldi_andromeda.htm">"[Review] Antonio Vivaldi (1678-1741) Serenata Veneziana - Andromeda Liberata"</a>. <i>Music Web International</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 January</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Music+Web+International&rft.atitle=%5BReview%5D+Antonio+Vivaldi+%281678-1741%29+Serenata+Veneziana+-+Andromeda+Liberata&rft.aulast=Cookson&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.musicweb-international.com%2Fclassrev%2F2005%2FJan05%2Fvivaldi_andromeda.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndromeda+%28mythology%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.wbfo.org/post/buffalo-composer-puts-andromeda-constellation-myth-and-meteors-music">"A Buffalo composer puts Andromeda—constellation, myth and meteors—to music"</a>. 2 May 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+Buffalo+composer+puts+Andromeda%E2%80%94constellation%2C+myth+and+meteors%E2%80%94to+music&rft.date=2019-05-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.wbfo.org%2Fpost%2Fbuffalo-composer-puts-andromeda-constellation-myth-and-meteors-music&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndromeda+%28mythology%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Archived at <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211205/jgF38ZQJAPU">Ghostarchive</a> and the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200617172923/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jgF38ZQJAPU&gl=US&hl=en">Wayback Machine</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jgF38ZQJAPU">"Ensiferum - Andromeda (OFFICIAL VIDEO)"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a></i>. 17 June 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=YouTube&rft.atitle=Ensiferum+-+Andromeda+%28OFFICIAL+VIDEO%29&rft.date=2020-06-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DjgF38ZQJAPU&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndromeda+%28mythology%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gates_2014-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Gates_2014_50-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gates_2014_50-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGates2014" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Henry_Louis_Gates_Jr." title="Henry Louis Gates Jr.">Gates, Henry Louis Jr.</a> (17 Feb 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theroot.com/was-andromeda-black-1790874592">"Was Andromeda Black?"</a>. <i>The Root</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Root&rft.atitle=Was+Andromeda+Black%3F&rft.date=2014-02-17&rft.aulast=Gates&rft.aufirst=Henry+Louis+Jr.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theroot.com%2Fwas-andromeda-black-1790874592&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndromeda+%28mythology%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Donkor_2020-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Donkor_2020_51-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Donkor_2020_51-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Donkor_2020_51-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDonkor2020" class="citation book cs1">Donkor, Kimathi (2020). "Africana Andromeda: Contemporary Painting and the Classical Black Figure". In Moyer, Ian S.; Lecznar, Adam; Morse, Heidi (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/Classicisms_in_the_Black_Atlantic/RZjFDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA173"><i>Classicisms in the Black Atlantic</i></a>. Oxford University Press. p. 173. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-185178-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-185178-0"><bdi>978-0-19-185178-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Africana+Andromeda%3A+Contemporary+Painting+and+the+Classical+Black+Figure&rft.btitle=Classicisms+in+the+Black+Atlantic&rft.pages=173&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2020&rft.isbn=978-0-19-185178-0&rft.aulast=Donkor&rft.aufirst=Kimathi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.co.uk%2Fbooks%2Fedition%2FClassicisms_in_the_Black_Atlantic%2FRZjFDwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA173&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndromeda+%28mythology%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGloyn2012" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Liz_Gloyn" title="Liz Gloyn">Gloyn, Liz</a> (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fass.open.ac.uk/sites/fass.open.ac.uk/files/files/new-voices-journal/proceedings/volume1/Gloyn-2013.pdf">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'The Dragon-Green, the Luminous, the Dark, the Serpent-Haunted Sea': Monsters, Landscape and Gender In <i>Clash of the Titans</i> (1981 and 2010)"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>New Voices in Classical Reception Studies Conference Proceedings</i>. <b>1</b>: 64–75.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+Voices+in+Classical+Reception+Studies+Conference+Proceedings&rft.atitle=%27The+Dragon-Green%2C+the+Luminous%2C+the+Dark%2C+the+Serpent-Haunted+Sea%27%3A+Monsters%2C+Landscape+and+Gender+In+Clash+of+the+Titans+%281981+and+2010%29&rft.volume=1&rft.pages=64-75&rft.date=2012&rft.aulast=Gloyn&rft.aufirst=Liz&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffass.open.ac.uk%2Fsites%2Ffass.open.ac.uk%2Ffiles%2Ffiles%2Fnew-voices-journal%2Fproceedings%2Fvolume1%2FGloyn-2013.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndromeda+%28mythology%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Grafton_Pegasus-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Grafton_Pegasus_53-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Grafton_Pegasus_53-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBaumbach2010" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Baumbach, Manuel (2010). "Pegasus". In Grafton, Anthony; Most, Glenn W.; Settis, Salvatore (eds.). <i>The Classical Tradition</i>. <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University_Press" title="Harvard University Press">Harvard University Press</a>. p. 699.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Pegasus&rft.btitle=The+Classical+Tradition&rft.pages=699&rft.pub=Harvard+University+Press&rft.date=2010&rft.aulast=Baumbach&rft.aufirst=Manuel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndromeda+%28mythology%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Clark_1966-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Clark_1966_54-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Clark_1966_54-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFClark1966" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Clark" title="Kenneth Clark">Clark, Kenneth</a> (1966). <i>Rembrandt and the Italian Renaissance</i>. <a href="/wiki/New_York_University_Press" title="New York University Press">New York University Press</a>. p. 11.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Rembrandt+and+the+Italian+Renaissance&rft.pages=11&rft.pub=New+York+University+Press&rft.date=1966&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=Kenneth&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndromeda+%28mythology%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Leighton_Loggia-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Leighton_Loggia_55-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Leighton_Loggia_55-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150414111059/http://www.loggia.com/art/19th/leighton15.html">"andromeda"</a>. <i>Loggia.com</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.loggia.com/art/19th/leighton15.html">the original</a> on 14 April 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 April</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Loggia.com&rft.atitle=andromeda&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.loggia.com%2Fart%2F19th%2Fleighton15.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndromeda+%28mythology%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Vallotton.com-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Vallotton.com_56-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Vallotton.com_56-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://felix-vallotton.com/artists_en">"Biography"</a>. <i>Félix Vallotton</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 December</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=F%C3%A9lix+Vallotton&rft.atitle=Biography&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffelix-vallotton.com%2Fartists_en&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndromeda+%28mythology%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/liberman-andromeda-t00650">"Alexander Liberman: Andromeda: 1962"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Tate_Gallery" class="mw-redirect" title="Tate Gallery">Tate Gallery</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 December</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Alexander+Liberman%3A+Andromeda%3A+1962&rft.pub=Tate+Gallery&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tate.org.uk%2Fart%2Fartworks%2Fliberman-andromeda-t00650&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndromeda+%28mythology%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Herodotus_Aethiopia-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Herodotus_Aethiopia_58-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">For all references to Aethiopia in Herodotus, see: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/nebrowser?query=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0126&id=tgn%2C7000489">this list</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Perseus_Project" class="mw-redirect" title="Perseus Project">Perseus Project</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThompson1989" class="citation book cs1">Thompson, Lloyd A. (1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=7MQOAAAAQAAJ&q=%22Sub-Saharan+Africa%22+Ethiopia+Aethiopia&pg=PA57"><i>Romans and blacks</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Taylor_%26_Francis" title="Taylor & Francis">Taylor & Francis</a>. p. 57. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-415-03185-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-415-03185-0"><bdi>0-415-03185-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Romans+and+blacks&rft.pages=57&rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis&rft.date=1989&rft.isbn=0-415-03185-0&rft.aulast=Thompson&rft.aufirst=Lloyd+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D7MQOAAAAQAAJ%26q%3D%2522Sub-Saharan%2BAfrica%2522%2BEthiopia%2BAethiopia%26pg%3DPA57&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndromeda+%28mythology%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Homer, <i><a href="/wiki/Odyssey" title="Odyssey">Odyssey</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg002.perseus-eng2:1.1-1.1">1.22–24</a>; Homer established a long-standing literary tradition that Ethiopia was an idyllic land of plenty where the gods attended feasts. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMacLachlan1992" class="citation journal cs1">MacLachlan, Bonnie (1992). "Feasting with Ethiopians: Life on the Fringe". <i>Quaderni Urbinati di Cultura Classica</i>. <b>40</b> (1): 15–33. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F20547123">10.2307/20547123</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/20547123">20547123</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Quaderni+Urbinati+di+Cultura+Classica&rft.atitle=Feasting+with+Ethiopians%3A+Life+on+the+Fringe&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=15-33&rft.date=1992&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F20547123&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F20547123%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=MacLachlan&rft.aufirst=Bonnie&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndromeda+%28mythology%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Herodotus" title="Herodotus">Herodotus</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Histories_(Herodotus)" title="Histories (Herodotus)">Histories</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0016.tlg001.perseus-eng1:3.114">3.114</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0016.tlg001.perseus-eng1:3.94">3.94</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0016.tlg001.perseus-eng1:7.70">7.70</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Pomponius_Mela" title="Pomponius Mela">Pomponius Mela</a>, 1.64.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Pausanias_(geographer)" title="Pausanias (geographer)">Pausanias</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0525.tlg001.perseus-eng1:4.35.9">4.35.9</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Strabo" title="Strabo">Strabo</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0099.tlg001.perseus-eng2:1.2.35">1.2.35</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0099.tlg001.perseus-eng2:16.2.28">16.2.28</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Josephus" title="Josephus">Josephus</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Jewish_War" title="The Jewish War">Jewish War</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0526.tlg004.perseus-eng1:3.9.3">3.9.3</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Harvey, Paul Jr., "The death of mythology: the case of Joppa", <i>Journal of Early Christian Studies</i>, January 1994, Vol. 2 Issue: Number 1 p. 1-14</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKaizer2011" class="citation journal cs1">Kaizer, Ted (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dro.dur.ac.uk/15130/1/15130.pdf">"Interpretations of the Myth of Andromeda at Iope"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Syria</i>. <b>88</b> (88): 323–339. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.4000%2Fsyria.939">10.4000/syria.939</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/41682313">41682313</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:190063227">190063227</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Syria&rft.atitle=Interpretations+of+the+Myth+of+Andromeda+at+Iope&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=88&rft.pages=323-339&rft.date=2011&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A190063227%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F41682313%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.4000%2Fsyria.939&rft.aulast=Kaizer&rft.aufirst=Ted&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdro.dur.ac.uk%2F15130%2F1%2F15130.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndromeda+%28mythology%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://collections.mfa.org/objects/153843">"Pelike"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Pelike&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcollections.mfa.org%2Fobjects%2F153843&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndromeda+%28mythology%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a href="/wiki/Greek_Anthology" title="Greek Anthology">Greek Anthology</a></i>, 5.132 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.attalus.org/poetry/philodemus.html#5.132">English translation</a>; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=urn:cts:greekLit:tlg7000.tlg001.perseus-grc1:5.132">Greek text</a>).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcGrath1992" class="citation journal cs1">McGrath, Elizabeth (1992). "The Black Andromeda". <i>Journal of the Warburg and Courtauld Institutes</i>. <b>55</b>: 1–18. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F751417">10.2307/751417</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/751417">751417</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:195025221">195025221</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Warburg+and+Courtauld+Institutes&rft.atitle=The+Black+Andromeda&rft.volume=55&rft.pages=1-18&rft.date=1992&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A195025221%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F751417%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F751417&rft.aulast=McGrath&rft.aufirst=Elizabeth&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndromeda+%28mythology%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ovid, <i><a href="/wiki/Heroides" title="Heroides">Heroides</a></i>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.poetryintranslation.com/PITBR/Latin/Heroides8-15.php#anchor_Toc524696652">15.35–38</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ovid, <i><a href="/wiki/Ars_Amatoria" title="Ars Amatoria">Ars Amatoria</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.poetryintranslation.com/PITBR/Latin/ArtofLoveBkI.php">1.53</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ovid, <i><a href="/wiki/Ars_Amatoria" title="Ars Amatoria">Ars Amatoria</a></i> 2.643–644.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ovid, <i><a href="/wiki/Ars_Amatoria" title="Ars Amatoria">Ars Amatoria</a></i> 3.191–192.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ovid, <i><a href="/wiki/Metamorphoses" title="Metamorphoses">Metamorphoses</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:latinLit:phi0959.phi006.perseus-eng1:4.604-4.705">4.665 ff.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKoch-BrinkmannDreyfusBrinkmann2017" class="citation book cs1">Koch-Brinkmann, Ulrike; Dreyfus, Renée; Brinkmann, Vinzenz (2017). <i>Gods in colour: polychromy in the ancient world</i>. San Francisco: Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco, Legion of Honor. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-7913-5707-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-7913-5707-2"><bdi>978-3-7913-5707-2</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/982089362">982089362</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Gods+in+colour%3A+polychromy+in+the+ancient+world&rft.place=San+Francisco&rft.pub=Fine+Arts+Museums+of+San+Francisco%2C+Legion+of+Honor&rft.date=2017&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F982089362&rft.isbn=978-3-7913-5707-2&rft.aulast=Koch-Brinkmann&rft.aufirst=Ulrike&rft.au=Dreyfus%2C+Ren%C3%A9e&rft.au=Brinkmann%2C+Vinzenz&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndromeda+%28mythology%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Philostratus, <a href="/wiki/Imagines_(work_by_Philostratus)" title="Imagines (work by Philostratus)"><i>Imagines</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/philostratus_elder-imagines_book_i_29_perseus/1931/pb_LCL256.117.xml">1.29</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFArcher2001" class="citation book cs1">Archer, John Michael (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=DWNJJkOZSTwC"><i>Old Worlds: Egypt, Southwest Asia, India, and Russia in Early Modern English Writing</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Stanford_University_Press" title="Stanford University Press">Stanford University Press</a>. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=DWNJJkOZSTwC&pg=PA36">36</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8047-4337-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8047-4337-2"><bdi>978-0-8047-4337-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Old+Worlds%3A+Egypt%2C+Southwest+Asia%2C+India%2C+and+Russia+in+Early+Modern+English+Writing&rft.pages=36&rft.pub=Stanford+University+Press&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-0-8047-4337-2&rft.aulast=Archer&rft.aufirst=John+Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DDWNJJkOZSTwC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndromeda+%28mythology%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andromeda_(mythology)&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bibliotheca_(Pseudo-Apollodorus)" title="Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)">Apollodorus</a>, <i>Apollodorus, The Library, with an English Translation by Sir James George Frazer, F.B.A., F.R.S. in 2 Volumes</i>, Cambridge, Massachusetts, <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University_Press" title="Harvard University Press">Harvard University Press</a>; London, William Heinemann Ltd., 1921. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-674-99135-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-674-99135-4">0-674-99135-4</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.perseus.org/texts/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0548.tlg001.perseus-eng1">Online version at the Perseus Digital Library</a>.</li> <li>Hard, Robin (2004), <i>The Routledge Handbook of Greek Mythology: Based on H.J. Rose's "Handbook of Greek Mythology"</i>, Psychology Press, 2004. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-415-18636-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-415-18636-0">978-0-415-18636-0</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=r1Y3xZWVlnIC">Google Books</a>.</li> <li>Hard, Robin (2015), <i>Eratosthenes and Hyginus: Constellation Myths, With Aratus's Phaenomena</i>, <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>, 2015. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-871698-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-871698-3">978-0-19-871698-3</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=7IMSBwAAQBAJ">Google Books</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herodotus" title="Herodotus">Herodotus</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Histories_of_Herodotus" class="mw-redirect" title="The Histories of Herodotus">Histories</a></i>, translated by <a href="/wiki/A._D._Godley" title="A. D. Godley">A. D. Godley</a>, Cambridge, Massachusetts, <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University_Press" title="Harvard University Press">Harvard University Press</a>, 1920. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0674991338" title="Special:BookSources/0674991338">0674991338</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Hdt.+1.1.0">Online version at the Perseus Digital Library</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hesiod" title="Hesiod">Hesiod</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Catalogue_of_Women" title="Catalogue of Women">Catalogue of Women</a></i>, in <i>Hesiod: The Shield, Catalogue of Women, Other Fragments</i>, edited and translated by <a href="/wiki/Glenn_W._Most" title="Glenn W. Most">Glenn W. Most</a>, <a href="/wiki/Loeb_Classical_Library" title="Loeb Classical Library">Loeb Classical Library</a> No. 503, Cambridge, Massachusetts, <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University_Press" title="Harvard University Press">Harvard University Press</a>, 2007, 2018. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-674-99721-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-674-99721-9">978-0-674-99721-9</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/LCL503/2018/volume.xml">Online version at Harvard University Press</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaius_Julius_Hyginus" title="Gaius Julius Hyginus">Hyginus, Gaius Julius</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/De_Astronomica" class="mw-redirect" title="De Astronomica">De Astronomica</a></i>, in <i>The Myths of Hyginus</i>, edited and translated by Mary A. Grant, Lawrence: University of Kansas Press, 1960. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://topostext.org/work/207">Online version at ToposText</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaius_Julius_Hyginus" title="Gaius Julius Hyginus">Hyginus, Gaius Julius</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Fabulae" class="mw-redirect" title="Fabulae">Fabulae</a></i>, in <i>The Myths of Hyginus</i>, edited and translated by Mary A. Grant, Lawrence: University of Kansas Press, 1960. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://topostext.org/work/206">Online version at ToposText</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucian" title="Lucian">Lucian</a>, <i>Phalaris. Hippias or The Bath. Dionysus. Heracles. Amber or The Swans. The Fly. Nigrinus. Demonax. The Hall. My Native Land. Octogenarians. A True Story. Slander. The Consonants at Law. The Carousal (Symposium) or The Lapiths</i>, translated by A. M. Harmon, <a href="/wiki/Loeb_Classical_Library" title="Loeb Classical Library">Loeb Classical Library</a> No. 14, Cambridge, Massachusetts, <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University_Press" title="Harvard University Press">Harvard University Press</a>, 1913. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-674-99015-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-674-99015-9">978-0-674-99015-9</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/LCL014/1913/volume.xml">Online version at Harvard University Press</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcus_Manilius" title="Marcus Manilius">Manilius</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Astronomica_(Manilius)" title="Astronomica (Manilius)">Astronomica</a></i>, edited and translated by G. P. Goold, <a href="/wiki/Loeb_Classical_Library" title="Loeb Classical Library">Loeb Classical Library</a> No. 469, Cambridge, Massachusetts, Harvard University Press, 1977. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-674-99516-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-674-99516-1">978-0-674-99516-1</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/LCL469/1977/volume.xml">Online version at Harvard University Press</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ovid" title="Ovid">Ovid</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Metamorphoses" title="Metamorphoses">Metamorphoses</a></i>, edited and translated by Brookes More, Boston, Cornhill Publishing Co., 1922. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.perseus.org/texts/urn:cts:latinLit:phi0959.phi006.perseus-eng1">Online version at the Perseus Digital Library</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://topostext.org/work/141">Online version at ToposText</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pausanias_(geographer)" title="Pausanias (geographer)">Pausanias</a>, <i>Pausanias Description of Greece with an English Translation by W.H.S. Jones, Litt.D., and H.A. Ormerod, M.A., in 4 Volumes</i>, Cambridge, Massachusetts, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd., 1918. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Paus.+1.1.1">Online version at the Perseus Digital Library</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Smith_(lexicographer)" title="William Smith (lexicographer)">Smith, William</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Dictionary_of_Greek_and_Roman_Biography_and_Mythology" title="Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology">Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology</a></i>, London (1873). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3atext%3a1999.04.0104">Online version at the Perseus Digital Library</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strabo" title="Strabo">Strabo</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Geographica" title="Geographica">Geography</a></i>, edited and translated by H.C. Hamilton, Esq., W. Falconer, M.A., London, George Bell & Sons, 1903. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0239%3Abook%3Dnotice">Online version at the Perseus Digital Library</a>.</li> <li>Trzaskoma, Stephen M., R. Scott Smith, and Stephen Brunet, <i>Anthology of Classical Myth: Primary Sources in Translation</i>, Hackett Publishing, 2004. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87220-721-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-87220-721-8">0-87220-721-8</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=lWruCgAAQBAJ">Google Books</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Tzetzes" title="John Tzetzes">Tzetzes, John</a>, <i>Scolia eis Lycophroon</i>, edited by Christian Gottfried Müller, Sumtibus F.C.G. Vogelii, 1811. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/isaakioukaiiann00mlgoog/page/n5/mode/2up?view=theater">Internet Archive</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andromeda_(mythology)&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Edwin Hartland, <i>The Legend of Perseus: A Study of Tradition in Story, Custom and Belief</i>, 3 vols. (1894–1896) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1481035738" title="Special:BookSources/1481035738">1481035738</a> (available online at: <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://archive.org/details/legendofperseuss01hart/page/n6/mode/2up">https://archive.org/details/legendofperseuss01hart/page/n6/mode/2up</a>)</li> <li>Daniel Ogden, <i>Perseus</i> (<a href="/wiki/Routledge" title="Routledge">Routledge</a>, 2008) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0415427258" title="Special:BookSources/0415427258">0415427258</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist 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style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/118649302">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/no2014132513">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=jo2017956188&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007341638405171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 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scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#cef2e0;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Greek_religion" title="Template:Greek religion"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Greek_religion" title="Template talk:Greek religion"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Greek_religion" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Greek religion"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Ancient_Greek_religion_and_mythology" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_religion" title="Ancient Greek religion">Ancient Greek religion</a> and <a href="/wiki/Greek_mythology" title="Greek mythology">mythology</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#cef2e0;"><div id="Religion_and_religious_practice" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_religion" title="Ancient Greek religion">Religion</a> and religious practice</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;;width:1%">Main beliefs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ages_of_Man" title="Ages of Man">Ages of Man</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Age" title="Golden Age">Golden Age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_Heroic_Age" title="Greek Heroic Age">Heroic Age</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_accounts_of_Homer" title="Ancient accounts of Homer">Ancient accounts of Homer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apotheosis" title="Apotheosis">Apotheosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arete" title="Arete">Arete</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daimon" title="Daimon">Daemon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Destiny" title="Destiny">Destiny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eudaimonia" title="Eudaimonia">Eudaimonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euhemerism" title="Euhemerism">Euhemerism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eunoia" title="Eunoia">Eunoia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eusebeia" title="Eusebeia">Eusebeia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_mean_(philosophy)" title="Golden mean (philosophy)">Golden mean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Rule" title="Golden Rule">Golden Rule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_words_for_love" title="Greek words for love">Greek words for love</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demigod#Classical" title="Demigod">Hemitheos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_hero_cult" title="Greek hero cult">Hero cult</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hubris" title="Hubris">Hubris</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Interpretatio_graeca" title="Interpretatio graeca">Interpretatio graeca</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katabasis" title="Katabasis">Katabasis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kleos" title="Kleos">Kleos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Know_thyself" title="Know thyself">Know thyself</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metamorphoses_in_Greek_mythology" title="Metamorphoses in Greek mythology">Metamorphosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metempsychosis" title="Metempsychosis">Metempsychosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nympholepsy" title="Nympholepsy">Nympholepsy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paradoxography" title="Paradoxography">Paradoxography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_city-state_patron_gods" title="Greek city-state patron gods">Patron gods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pederasty_in_ancient_Greece" title="Pederasty in ancient Greece">Pederasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phronesis" title="Phronesis">Phronesis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polytheism" title="Polytheism">Polytheism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sophrosyne" title="Sophrosyne">Sophrosyne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soter" title="Soter">Soter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divine_madness#Ancient_Greece_and_Rome:_theia_mania" title="Divine madness">Theia mania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xenia_(Greek)" title="Xenia (Greek)">Xenia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;;width:1%">Texts / <a href="/wiki/Ode" title="Ode">odes</a> /<br /><a href="/wiki/Epic_poetry" title="Epic poetry">epic poems</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Epic_Cycle" title="Epic Cycle">Epic Cycle</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Aethiopis" title="Aethiopis">Aethiopis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cypria" title="Cypria">Cypria</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Iliad" title="Iliad">Iliad</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Iliupersis" title="Iliupersis">Iliupersis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Little_Iliad" title="Little Iliad">Little Iliad</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nostoi" title="Nostoi">Nostoi</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Odyssey" title="Odyssey">Odyssey</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Telegony" title="Telegony">Telegony</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Theban_Cycle" title="Theban Cycle">Theban Cycle</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Oedipodea" title="Oedipodea">Oedipodea</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Thebaid_(Greek_poem)" title="Thebaid (Greek poem)">Thebaid</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Epigoni_(epic)" title="Epigoni (epic)">Epigoni</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Alcmeonis" title="Alcmeonis">Alcmeonis</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aesop%27s_Fables" title="Aesop's Fables">Aesop's Fables</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aretalogy" title="Aretalogy">Aretalogy</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Argonautica" title="Argonautica">Argonautica</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bibliotheca_(Pseudo-Apollodorus)" title="Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)">Bibliotheca</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Catalogue_of_Women" title="Catalogue of Women">Catalogue of Women</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cyranides" title="Cyranides">Cyranides</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delphic_maxims" title="Delphic maxims">Delphic maxims</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derveni_papyrus" title="Derveni papyrus">Derveni papyrus</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dionysiaca" title="Dionysiaca">Dionysiaca</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Verses" title="Golden Verses"><i>Golden Verses</i> of Pythagoras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_Magical_Papyri" title="Greek Magical Papyri">Greek Magical Papyri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homerica" class="mw-redirect" title="Homerica">Homerica</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Homeric_Hymns" title="Homeric Hymns">Homeric Hymns</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Interpretation_of_Dreams_(Antiphon)" title="Interpretation of Dreams (Antiphon)">Interpretation of Dreams</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myth_of_Er" title="Myth of Er">Myth of Er</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Oneirocritica" title="Oneirocritica">Oneirocritica</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Orphic_Hymns" title="Orphic Hymns">Orphic Hymns</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papyrus_Graecus_Holmiensis" title="Papyrus Graecus Holmiensis">Papyrus Graecus Holmiensis</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sibylline_Books" title="Sibylline Books">Sibylline Books</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sortes_Astrampsychi" title="Sortes Astrampsychi">Sortes Astrampsychi</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Theogony" title="Theogony">Theogony</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Works_and_Days" title="Works and Days">Works and Days</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;;width:1%">Religions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Antecedents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minoan_religion" title="Minoan religion">Minoan religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mycenaean_religion" title="Mycenaean religion">Mycenaean religion</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Mycenaean_deities" title="List of Mycenaean deities">List of Mycenaean deities</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paleo-Balkan_mythology" title="Paleo-Balkan mythology">Paleo-Balkan mythology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proto-Indo-European_mythology" title="Proto-Indo-European mythology">Proto-Indo-European mythology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religions_of_the_ancient_Near_East" title="Religions of the ancient Near East">Religions of the ancient Near East</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Expressions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atheism#Classical_antiquity" title="Atheism">Atheism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henotheism#Hellenistic_religion" title="Henotheism">Henotheism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monotheism#Ancient_Greek_religion" title="Monotheism">Monotheism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polytheism#Ancient_Greece" title="Polytheism">Polytheism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hellenistic_religion" title="Hellenistic religion">Hellenistic religions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Early_Christianity" title="Early Christianity">Early Christianity</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Historiography_of_the_Christianization_of_the_Roman_Empire" title="Historiography of the Christianization of the Roman Empire">Christianization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christianity_and_Ancient_Greek_philosophy" title="Christianity and Ancient Greek philosophy">Relationship with Greek philosophy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_esotericism#Late_Antiquity" title="Western esotericism">Esoteric</a> systems <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alchemy#Hellenistic_Egypt" title="Alchemy">Early alchemy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gnosticism" title="Gnosticism">Gnosticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermeticism" title="Hermeticism">Hermeticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neoplatonism" title="Neoplatonism">Neoplatonism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hellenistic_Judaism" title="Hellenistic Judaism">Hellenistic Judaism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/God-fearer" title="God-fearer">God-fearers</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syncretism" title="Syncretism">Syncretic</a> religions <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_the_Great_in_legend#Deified_Alexander" title="Alexander the Great in legend">Alexander</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ptolemaic_cult_of_Alexander_the_Great" title="Ptolemaic cult of Alexander the Great">Ptolemaic cult</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etruscan_religion" title="Etruscan religion">Etruscan religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greco-Buddhism" title="Greco-Buddhism">Greco-Buddhism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_ancient_Rome" title="Religion in ancient Rome">Roman religion</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roman_imperial_cult" title="Roman imperial cult">Imperial cult</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julian_(emperor)#Religious_issues" title="Julian (emperor)">Religious views of emperor Julian</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Greco-Roman_mysteries" title="Greco-Roman mysteries">Mystery religions<br />and sacred mysteries</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arcadia_(region)" title="Arcadia (region)">Arcadian Mysteries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delos" title="Delos">Delos Mysteries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dionysian_Mysteries" title="Dionysian Mysteries">Dionysian Mysteries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleusinian_Mysteries" title="Eleusinian Mysteries">Eleusinian Mysteries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imbros" title="Imbros">Imbrian Mysteries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mithraism" title="Mithraism">Mithraism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mysteries_of_Isis" title="Mysteries of Isis">Mysteries of Isis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orphism_(religion)" title="Orphism (religion)">Orphism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greco-Roman_mysteries#Samothracian_Mysteries" title="Greco-Roman mysteries">Samothracian Mysteries</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/New_religious_movement" title="New religious movement">New religious movements</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Discordianism" title="Discordianism">Discordianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feraferia" title="Feraferia">Feraferia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaianism" title="Gaianism">Gaianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hellenism_(modern_religion)" title="Hellenism (modern religion)">Hellenism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;;width:1%">Religious practice</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Worship <br />/ rituals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amphidromia" title="Amphidromia">Amphidromia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arotoi_Hieroi" title="Arotoi Hieroi">Arotoi Hieroi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astragalomancy" title="Astragalomancy">Astragalomancy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baptes" title="Baptes">Baptes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daduchos" title="Daduchos">Daduchos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_divination" title="Greek divination">Divination</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_funeral_and_burial_practices" title="Ancient Greek funeral and burial practices">Funeral and burial practices</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Funeral_oration_(ancient_Greece)" title="Funeral oration (ancient Greece)">Funeral oration</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greco-Roman_mysteries" title="Greco-Roman mysteries">Greco-Roman mysteries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_hero_cult" title="Greek hero cult">Hero cult</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hero%C3%B6n" title="Heroön">Heroön</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hierophany" title="Hierophany">Hierophany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hieros_gamos" title="Hieros gamos">Hieros gamos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hymns_in_ancient_Greek" title="Category:Hymns in ancient Greek">Hymns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Incubation_(ritual)" title="Incubation (ritual)">Incubation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Komos" title="Komos">Komos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nekyia" title="Nekyia">Nekyia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omophagia" title="Omophagia">Omophagia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orgia" title="Orgia">Orgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panegyris" title="Panegyris">Panegyris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prayer" title="Prayer">Prayer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacrifice" title="Sacrifice">Sacrifice</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Animal_sacrifice#Ancient_Greece" title="Animal sacrifice">Animal sacrifice</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hecatomb" title="Hecatomb">Hecatomb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holocaust_(sacrifice)#Greek_sacrifice" title="Holocaust (sacrifice)">Holocaust</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libation#Ancient_Greece" title="Libation">Libation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pharmakos" title="Pharmakos">Pharmakos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Votive_offering" title="Votive offering">Votive offering</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theatre_of_ancient_Greece" title="Theatre of ancient Greece">Theatre</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Religious<br />offices</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amphictyonic_league" title="Amphictyonic league">Amphictyonic league</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archon_basileus" title="Archon basileus">Archon basileus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basilinna" title="Basilinna">Basilinna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerarai" title="Gerarai">Gerarai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiereia" title="Hiereia">Hiereia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hierophant" title="Hierophant">Hierophant</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hierophylakes" title="Hierophylakes">Hierophylakes</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iatromantis" title="Iatromantis">Iatromantis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanephoros" title="Kanephoros">Kanephoros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mystagogue" title="Mystagogue">Mystagogue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oracle" title="Oracle">Oracle</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sibyl" title="Sibyl">Sibyl</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thiasus" title="Thiasus">Thiasus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Religious<br />objects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baetyl" title="Baetyl">Baetyl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_sculpture#Cult_images" title="Ancient Greek sculpture">Cult image</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chryselephantine_sculpture" title="Chryselephantine sculpture">Chryselephantine sculpture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xoanon" title="Xoanon">Xoanon</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_terracotta_figurines" title="Greek terracotta figurines">Greek terracotta figurines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kernos" title="Kernos">Kernos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kykeon" title="Kykeon">Kykeon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loutrophoros" title="Loutrophoros">Loutrophoros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omphalos" title="Omphalos">Omphalos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panathenaic_amphora" title="Panathenaic amphora">Panathenaic amphora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhyton" title="Rhyton">Rhyton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacrificial_tripod" title="Sacrificial tripod">Sacrificial tripod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sceptre#Greco-Roman_world" title="Sceptre">Sceptre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thymiaterion" title="Thymiaterion">Thymiaterion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Magic_in_the_Greco-Roman_world" title="Magic in the Greco-Roman world">Magic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apotropaic_magic" title="Apotropaic magic">Apotropaic magic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curse_tablet" title="Curse tablet">Curse tablet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_divination" title="Greek divination">Divination</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_Magical_Papyri" title="Greek Magical Papyri">Greek Magical Papyri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermeticism" title="Hermeticism">Hermeticism</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Hermetica" title="Hermetica">Hermetica</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Necromancy#Antiquity" title="Necromancy">Necromancy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philia_(Greco-Roman_magic)" title="Philia (Greco-Roman magic)">Philia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Festivals <br />/ feasts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Actia" title="Actia">Actia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adonia" title="Adonia">Adonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agrionia" title="Agrionia">Agrionia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amphidromia" title="Amphidromia">Amphidromia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthesteria" title="Anthesteria">Anthesteria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apellai" title="Apellai">Apellai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apaturia" title="Apaturia">Apaturia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aphrodisia" title="Aphrodisia">Aphrodisia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arrhephoria" title="Arrhephoria">Arrhephoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ascolia" title="Ascolia">Ascolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bendidia" title="Bendidia">Bendidia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boedromia" title="Boedromia">Boedromia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brauron" title="Brauron">Brauronia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buphonia" title="Buphonia">Buphonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chalceia" title="Chalceia">Chalceia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meilichios" title="Meilichios">Diasia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delia_(festival)" title="Delia (festival)">Delia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delphinia" title="Delphinia">Delphinia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dionysia" title="Dionysia">Dionysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecdysia" title="Ecdysia">Ecdysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elaphebolia" title="Elaphebolia">Elaphebolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamelia" title="Gamelia">Gamelia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halieia" title="Halieia">Halieia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haloa" title="Haloa">Haloa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heracleia_(festival)" title="Heracleia (festival)">Heracleia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermaea_(festival)" title="Hermaea (festival)">Hermaea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hieromenia" title="Hieromenia">Hieromenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iolaus" title="Iolaus">Iolaia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kronia" title="Kronia">Kronia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lenaia" title="Lenaia">Lenaia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnesia_on_the_Maeander" title="Magnesia on the Maeander">Leucophryna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lykaia" title="Lykaia">Lykaia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metageitnia" title="Metageitnia">Metageitnia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Munichia_(festival)" title="Munichia (festival)">Munichia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oschophoria" title="Oschophoria">Oschophoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pamboeotia" title="Pamboeotia">Pamboeotia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandia_(festival)" title="Pandia (festival)">Pandia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plynteria" title="Plynteria">Plynteria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ptolemaieia" class="mw-redirect" title="Ptolemaieia">Ptolemaieia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyanopsia" title="Pyanopsia">Pyanopsia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skira" title="Skira">Skira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synoikia" title="Synoikia">Synoikia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soteria_(festival)" title="Soteria (festival)">Soteria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tauropolia" class="mw-redirect" title="Tauropolia">Tauropolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thargelia" title="Thargelia">Thargelia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theseia" title="Theseia">Theseia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thesmophoria" title="Thesmophoria">Thesmophoria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Games</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agon" title="Agon">Agon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panathenaic_Games" title="Panathenaic Games">Panathenaic Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhieia" title="Rhieia">Rhieia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Panhellenic_Games" title="Panhellenic Games">Panhellenic Games</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Olympic_Games" title="Ancient Olympic Games">Olympic Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heraean_Games" title="Heraean Games">Heraean Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pythian_Games" title="Pythian Games">Pythian Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nemean_Games" title="Nemean Games">Nemean Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isthmian_Games" title="Isthmian Games">Isthmian Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Actia" title="Actia">Actia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;;width:1%">Sacred places</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_temple" title="Ancient Greek temple">Temples</a> /<br /> <a href="/wiki/Sanctuaries" class="mw-redirect" title="Sanctuaries">sanctuaries</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asclepieion" title="Asclepieion">Asclepieion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delphinion" title="Delphinion">Delphinion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mithraeum" title="Mithraeum">Mithraeum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Necromanteion_of_Acheron" title="Necromanteion of Acheron">Necromanteion of Acheron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nymphaeum" title="Nymphaeum">Nymphaeum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panionium" title="Panionium">Panionium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parthenon" title="Parthenon">Parthenon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ploutonion" title="Ploutonion">Ploutonion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telesterion" title="Telesterion">Telesterion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temenos" title="Temenos">Temenos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_of_Artemis" title="Temple of Artemis">Temple of Artemis, Ephesus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_of_Zeus,_Olympia" title="Temple of Zeus, Olympia">Temple of Zeus, Olympia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oracles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amphiareion_of_Oropos" title="Amphiareion of Oropos">Amphiareion of Oropos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aornum" title="Aornum">Aornum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claros" title="Claros">Claros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delphi" title="Delphi">Delphi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Didyma" title="Didyma">Didyma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dodona" title="Dodona">Dodona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyaneae" title="Cyaneae">Oracle of Apollo Thyrxeus at Cyaneae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ptoion" title="Ptoion">Oracle of Apollo at Ptoion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ikaros_(Failaka_Island)" title="Ikaros (Failaka Island)">Oracle of Artemis at Ikaros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Puerto_de_Santa_Mar%C3%ADa" title="El Puerto de Santa María">Oracle of Menestheus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanctuary_of_the_Great_Gods" class="mw-redirect" title="Sanctuary of the Great Gods">Sanctuary of the Great Gods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tegyra" title="Tegyra">Tegyra</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mountains</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cretea" title="Cretea">Cretea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Ida_(Crete)" title="Mount Ida (Crete)">Mount Ida (Crete)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Ida_(Turkey)" title="Mount Ida (Turkey)">Mount Ida (Turkey)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Lykaion" title="Mount Lykaion">Mount Lykaion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Olympus" title="Mount Olympus">Olympus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Caves</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cave_of_Zeus,_Ayd%C4%B1n" title="Cave of Zeus, Aydın">Cave of Zeus, Aydın</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cave_of_Pan_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Cave of Pan (disambiguation)">Caves of Pan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psychro_Cave" title="Psychro Cave">Psychro Cave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vari_Cave" title="Vari Cave">Vari Cave</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Islands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Snake_Island_(Ukraine)" title="Snake Island (Ukraine)">Island of Achilles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delos" title="Delos">Delos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islands_of_Diomedes" title="Islands of Diomedes">Islands of Diomedes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Springs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Castalian_Spring" title="Castalian Spring">Castalian Spring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hippocrene" title="Hippocrene">Hippocrene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierian_Spring" title="Pierian Spring">Pierian Spring</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Athenian_sacred_ships" title="Athenian sacred ships">Athenian sacred ships</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Paralus_(ship)" title="Paralus (ship)">Paralus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Salaminia" title="Salaminia">Salaminia</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elefsina" title="Elefsina">Eleusis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiera_Orgas" title="Hiera Orgas">Hiera Orgas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanathos" title="Kanathos">Kanathos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olympia,_Greece" title="Olympia, Greece">Olympia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacred_Way" title="Sacred Way">Sacred Way</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theatre_of_Dionysus" title="Theatre of Dionysus">Theatre of Dionysus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#cef2e0;"><div id="Myths_and_mythology" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Myths and <a href="/wiki/Greek_mythology" title="Greek mythology">mythology</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Greek_mythological_figures#Immortals" title="List of Greek mythological figures">Deities</a> <br />(<a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_the_Greek_gods" title="Family tree of the Greek gods">Family tree</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Greek_primordial_deities" title="Greek primordial deities">Primordial deities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aether_(mythology)" title="Aether (mythology)">Aether</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ananke" title="Ananke">Ananke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaos_(mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chaos (mythology)">Chaos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chronos" title="Chronos">Chronos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erebus" title="Erebus">Erebus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eros" title="Eros">Eros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaia" title="Gaia">Gaia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemera" title="Hemera">Hemera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyx" title="Nyx">Nyx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phanes" title="Phanes">Phanes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontus_(mythology)" title="Pontus (mythology)">Pontus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thalassa" title="Thalassa">Thalassa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tartarus" title="Tartarus">Tartarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uranus_(mythology)" title="Uranus (mythology)">Uranus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Titans" title="Titans">Titans</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">First generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coeus" title="Coeus">Coeus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crius" title="Crius">Crius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cronus" title="Cronus">Cronus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyperion_(Titan)" title="Hyperion (Titan)">Hyperion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iapetus" title="Iapetus">Iapetus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mnemosyne" title="Mnemosyne">Mnemosyne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oceanus" title="Oceanus">Oceanus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoebe_(Titaness)" title="Phoebe (Titaness)">Phoebe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhea_(mythology)" title="Rhea (mythology)">Rhea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tethys_(mythology)" title="Tethys (mythology)">Tethys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theia" title="Theia">Theia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Themis" title="Themis">Themis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Second generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asteria_(Titaness)" title="Asteria (Titaness)">Asteria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astraeus" title="Astraeus">Astraeus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlas_(mythology)" title="Atlas (mythology)">Atlas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eos" title="Eos">Eos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epimetheus" title="Epimetheus">Epimetheus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helios" title="Helios">Helios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leto" title="Leto">Leto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menoetius" title="Menoetius">Menoetius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metis_(mythology)" title="Metis (mythology)">Metis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pallas_(Titan)" title="Pallas (Titan)">Pallas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perses_(Titan)" title="Perses (Titan)">Perses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prometheus" title="Prometheus">Prometheus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selene" title="Selene">Selene</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Third generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hecate" title="Hecate">Hecate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hesperus" title="Hesperus">Hesperus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phosphorus_(morning_star)" title="Phosphorus (morning star)">Phosphorus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Twelve_Olympians" title="Twelve Olympians">Twelve Olympians</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aphrodite" title="Aphrodite">Aphrodite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo" title="Apollo">Apollo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ares" title="Ares">Ares</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artemis" title="Artemis">Artemis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athena" title="Athena">Athena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demeter" title="Demeter">Demeter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dionysus" title="Dionysus">Dionysus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hephaestus" title="Hephaestus">Hephaestus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hera" title="Hera">Hera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermes" title="Hermes">Hermes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hestia" title="Hestia">Hestia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poseidon" title="Poseidon">Poseidon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeus" title="Zeus">Zeus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Greek_water_deities" title="Greek water deities">Water deities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amphitrite" title="Amphitrite">Amphitrite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpheus_(deity)" title="Alpheus (deity)">Alpheus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceto" title="Ceto">Ceto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glaucus" title="Glaucus">Glaucus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naiad" title="Naiad">Naiads</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nereid" class="mw-redirect" title="Nereid">Nereids</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nereus" title="Nereus">Nereus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oceanids" title="Oceanids">Oceanids</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phorcys" title="Phorcys">Phorcys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poseidon" title="Poseidon">Poseidon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Potamoi" title="Potamoi">Potamoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Potamides" title="Potamides">Potamides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proteus" title="Proteus">Proteus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scamander" title="Scamander">Scamander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thaumas" title="Thaumas">Thaumas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thetis" title="Thetis">Thetis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triton_(mythology)" title="Triton (mythology)">Triton</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Love deities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Erotes" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Erotes" title="Erotes">Erotes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anteros" title="Anteros">Anteros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eros" title="Eros">Eros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hedylogos" title="Hedylogos">Hedylogos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermaphroditus" title="Hermaphroditus">Hermaphroditus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erotes#Himeros" title="Erotes">Himeros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hymen_(god)" title="Hymen (god)"> Hymen/Hymenaeus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erotes#Pothos" title="Erotes">Pothos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aphrodite" title="Aphrodite">Aphrodite</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aphroditus" title="Aphroditus">Aphroditus</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philotes" title="Philotes">Philotes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peitho" title="Peitho">Peitho</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">War deities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adrestia" class="mw-redirect" title="Adrestia">Adrestia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alala" title="Alala">Alala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alke" title="Alke">Alke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amphillogiai" class="mw-redirect" title="Amphillogiai">Amphillogiai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Androktasiai" title="Androktasiai">Androktasiai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ares" title="Ares">Ares</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athena" title="Athena">Athena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bia_(mythology)" title="Bia (mythology)">Bia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deimos_(deity)" title="Deimos (deity)">Deimos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enyalius" title="Enyalius">Enyalius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enyo" title="Enyo">Enyo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eris_(mythology)" title="Eris (mythology)">Eris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gynaecothoenas" class="mw-redirect" title="Gynaecothoenas">Gynaecothoenas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homados" title="Homados">Homados</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hysminai" title="Hysminai">Hysminai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ioke_(mythology)" title="Ioke (mythology)">Ioke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keres" title="Keres">Keres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kratos_(mythology)" title="Kratos (mythology)">Kratos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kydoimos" title="Kydoimos">Kydoimos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma_(goddess)" title="Ma (goddess)">Ma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Machai" title="Machai">Machai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nike_(mythology)" title="Nike (mythology)">Nike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palioxis" title="Palioxis">Palioxis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pallas_(Titan)" title="Pallas (Titan)">Pallas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perses_(Titan)" title="Perses (Titan)">Perses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phobos_(mythology)" title="Phobos (mythology)">Phobos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phonoi" title="Phonoi">Phonoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polemos" title="Polemos">Polemos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proioxis" title="Proioxis">Proioxis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Chthonic_deities" title="Chthonic deities">Chthonic deities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Psychopomps" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Psychopomp" title="Psychopomp">Psychopomps</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charon" title="Charon">Charon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermes" title="Hermes">Hermes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hermanubis" title="Hermanubis">Hermanubis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thanatos" title="Thanatos">Thanatos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angelos_(mythology)" title="Angelos (mythology)">Angelos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabeiri" title="Cabeiri">Cabeiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hades" title="Hades">Hades</a> / <a href="/wiki/Pluto_(mythology)" title="Pluto (mythology)">Pluto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hecate" title="Hecate">Hecate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypnos" title="Hypnos">Hypnos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keres" title="Keres">Keres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lampad" class="mw-redirect" title="Lampad">Lampad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melino%C3%AB" title="Melinoë">Melinoë</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persephone" title="Persephone">Persephone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zagreus" title="Zagreus">Zagreus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Health deities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aceso" title="Aceso">Aceso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aegle_(mythology)" title="Aegle (mythology)">Aegle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artemis" title="Artemis">Artemis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo" title="Apollo">Apollo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asclepius" title="Asclepius">Asclepius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chiron" title="Chiron">Chiron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darrhon" title="Darrhon">Darrhon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eileithyia" title="Eileithyia">Eileithyia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epione" title="Epione">Epione</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebe_(mythology)" title="Hebe (mythology)">Hebe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hygieia" title="Hygieia">Hygieia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iaso" title="Iaso">Iaso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paean_(god)" title="Paean (god)">Paean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panacea" title="Panacea">Panacea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telesphorus_(mythology)" title="Telesphorus (mythology)">Telesphorus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sleep deities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Empusa" title="Empusa">Empusa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epiales" title="Epiales">Epiales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypnos" title="Hypnos">Hypnos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasithea" title="Pasithea">Pasithea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oneiros" title="Oneiros">Oneiroi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Messenger deities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angelia" title="Angelia">Angelia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arke" title="Arke">Arke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermes" title="Hermes">Hermes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iris_(mythology)" title="Iris (mythology)">Iris</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Trickster deities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apate" title="Apate">Apate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermes" title="Hermes">Hermes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Momus" title="Momus">Momus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Magic deities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Circe" title="Circe">Circe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hecate" title="Hecate">Hecate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermes_Trismegistus" title="Hermes Trismegistus">Hermes Trismegistus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasipha%C3%AB" title="Pasiphaë">Pasiphaë</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Greek_mythological_figures" title="List of Greek mythological figures">Other major deities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anemoi" title="Anemoi">Anemoi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boreas_(god)" title="Boreas (god)">Boreas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurus" title="Eurus">Eurus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Notus" title="Notus">Notus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zephyrus" title="Zephyrus">Zephyrus</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azone" title="Azone">Azone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrysaor" title="Chrysaor">Chrysaor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cybele" title="Cybele">Cybele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eileithyia" title="Eileithyia">Eileithyia</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Erinyes" title="Erinyes">Erinyes</a> (Furies)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harmonia" title="Harmonia">Harmonia</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Muses" title="Muses">Muses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nemesis" title="Nemesis">Nemesis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan_(god)" title="Pan (god)">Pan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pegasus" title="Pegasus">Pegasus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zelus" title="Zelus">Zelus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Greek_hero_cult" title="Greek hero cult">Heroes / <br />heroines</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Individuals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abderus" title="Abderus">Abderus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achilles" title="Achilles">Achilles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Actaeon" title="Actaeon">Actaeon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adonis" title="Adonis">Adonis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aeneas" title="Aeneas">Aeneas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ajax_the_Great" title="Ajax the Great">Ajax the Great</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ajax_the_Lesser" title="Ajax the Lesser">Ajax the Lesser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Academus" title="Academus">Akademos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amphiaraus" title="Amphiaraus">Amphiaraus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amphitryon" title="Amphitryon">Amphitryon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antilochus" class="mw-redirect" title="Antilochus">Antilochus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atalanta" title="Atalanta">Atalanta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autolycus" title="Autolycus">Autolycus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bellerophon" title="Bellerophon">Bellerophon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bouzyges" title="Bouzyges">Bouzyges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cadmus" title="Cadmus">Cadmus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrysippus_of_Elis" title="Chrysippus of Elis">Chrysippus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyamites" title="Cyamites">Cyamites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daedalus" title="Daedalus">Daedalus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diomedes" title="Diomedes">Diomedes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castor_and_Pollux" title="Castor and Pollux">Dioscuri</a> (Castor and Polydeuces)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Echetlus" title="Echetlus">Echetlus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleusis_(mythology)" title="Eleusis (mythology)">Eleusis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erechtheus" title="Erechtheus">Erechtheus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eunostus_(hero)" title="Eunostus (hero)">Eunostus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganymede_(mythology)" title="Ganymede (mythology)">Ganymede</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hector" title="Hector">Hector</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heracles" title="Heracles">Heracles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Icarus" title="Icarus">Icarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iolaus" title="Iolaus">Iolaus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jason" title="Jason">Jason</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meleager" title="Meleager">Meleager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menelaus" title="Menelaus">Menelaus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narcissus_(mythology)" title="Narcissus (mythology)">Narcissus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nestor_(mythology)" title="Nestor (mythology)">Nestor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odysseus" title="Odysseus">Odysseus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oedipus" title="Oedipus">Oedipus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orpheus" title="Orpheus">Orpheus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otrera" title="Otrera">Otrera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandion_(hero)" title="Pandion (hero)">Pandion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peleus" title="Peleus">Peleus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pelops" title="Pelops">Pelops</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penthesilea" title="Penthesilea">Penthesilea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perseus" title="Perseus">Perseus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theseus" title="Theseus">Theseus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triptolemus" title="Triptolemus">Triptolemus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Argonauts" title="Argonauts">Argonauts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calydonian_boar_hunt#The_hunters" title="Calydonian boar hunt">Calydonian hunters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epigoni" title="Epigoni">Epigoni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seven_against_Thebes" title="Seven against Thebes">Seven against Thebes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Oracle" title="Oracle">Oracles</a> <br />/ seers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aesacus" title="Aesacus">Aesacus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleuas" title="Aleuas">Aleuas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amphiaraus" title="Amphiaraus">Amphiaraus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amphilochus_I_of_Argos" title="Amphilochus I of Argos">Amphilochus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ampyx" title="Ampyx">Ampyx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anius" title="Anius">Anius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asbolus" title="Asbolus">Asbolus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bakis" title="Bakis">Bakis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Branchus" title="Branchus">Branchus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calchas" title="Calchas">Calchas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carnus" title="Carnus">Carnus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carya_of_Laconia" title="Carya of Laconia">Carya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cassandra" title="Cassandra">Cassandra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elatus" title="Elatus">Elatus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ennomus" title="Ennomus">Ennomus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epimenides" title="Epimenides">Epimenides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halitherses" title="Halitherses">Halitherses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helenus" class="mw-redirect" title="Helenus">Helenus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iamus" title="Iamus">Iamus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idmon" title="Idmon">Idmon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manto_(mythology)" title="Manto (mythology)">Manto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melampus" title="Melampus">Melampus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mopsus" title="Mopsus">Mopsus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Munichus" title="Munichus">Munichus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phineus" title="Phineus">Phineus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polyidus" class="mw-redirect" title="Polyidus">Polyeidos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polypheides" title="Polypheides">Polypheides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pythia" title="Pythia">Pythia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sibyl" title="Sibyl">Sibyls</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cimmerian_Sibyl" title="Cimmerian Sibyl">Cimmerian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cumaean_Sibyl" title="Cumaean Sibyl">Cumaean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delphic_Sibyl" title="Delphic Sibyl">Delphic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erythraean_Sibyl" title="Erythraean Sibyl">Erythraean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hellespontine_Sibyl" title="Hellespontine Sibyl">Hellespontine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libyan_Sibyl" title="Libyan Sibyl">Libyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persian_Sibyl" title="Persian Sibyl">Persian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phrygian_Sibyl" title="Phrygian Sibyl">Phrygian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samian_Sibyl" title="Samian Sibyl">Samian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telemus" title="Telemus">Telemus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theiodamas" title="Theiodamas">Theiodamas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theoclymenus" title="Theoclymenus">Theoclymenus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiresias" title="Tiresias">Tiresias</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;;width:1%">Other <br /> mortals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aegeus" title="Aegeus">Aegeus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aegisthus" title="Aegisthus">Aegisthus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agamemnon" title="Agamemnon">Agamemnon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andromache" title="Andromache">Andromache</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Andromeda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antigone" title="Antigone">Antigone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augeas" title="Augeas">Augeas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Briseis" title="Briseis">Briseis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cassiopeia_(mother_of_Andromeda)" title="Cassiopeia (mother of Andromeda)">Cassiopeia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Creon_(king_of_Thebes)" title="Creon (king of Thebes)">Creon of Thebes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chryseis" title="Chryseis">Chryseis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrysothemis" title="Chrysothemis">Chrysothemis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clytemnestra" title="Clytemnestra">Clytemnestra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damocles" title="Damocles">Damocles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deidamia_(daughter_of_Lycomedes)" title="Deidamia (daughter of Lycomedes)">Deidamia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deucalion" title="Deucalion">Deucalion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electra" title="Electra">Electra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eteocles" title="Eteocles">Eteocles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Europa_(consort_of_Zeus)" title="Europa (consort of Zeus)">Europa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordias" title="Gordias">Gordias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hecuba" title="Hecuba">Hecuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helen_of_Troy" title="Helen of Troy">Helen of Troy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hellen" title="Hellen">Hellen</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Heracleidae" title="Heracleidae">Heracleidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermione_(mythology)" title="Hermione (mythology)">Hermione</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hippolyta" title="Hippolyta">Hippolyta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Io_(mythology)" title="Io (mythology)">Io</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iphigenia" title="Iphigenia">Iphigenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ismene" title="Ismene">Ismene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jocasta" title="Jocasta">Jocasta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laius" title="Laius">Laius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lycian_peasants" title="Lycian peasants">Lycian peasants</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lycaon_(king_of_Arcadia)" title="Lycaon (king of Arcadia)">Lycaon</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Maenad" title="Maenad">Maenads</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memnon" title="Memnon">Memnon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messapian_shepherds" title="Messapian shepherds">Messapian shepherds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midas" title="Midas">Midas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minos" title="Minos">Minos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myrrha" title="Myrrha">Myrrha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neoptolemus" title="Neoptolemus">Neoptolemus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niobe" title="Niobe">Niobe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orestes" title="Orestes">Orestes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris_(mythology)" title="Paris (mythology)">Paris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patroclus" title="Patroclus">Patroclus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penelope" title="Penelope">Penelope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philomela" title="Philomela">Philomela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_(son_of_Agenor)" title="Phoenix (son of Agenor)">Phoenix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polybus_of_Corinth" title="Polybus of Corinth">Polybus of Corinth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polynices" title="Polynices">Polynices</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priam" title="Priam">Priam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Procne" title="Procne">Procne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pylades" title="Pylades">Pylades</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyrrha_(mythology)" title="Pyrrha (mythology)">Pyrrha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telemachus" title="Telemachus">Telemachus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Troilus" title="Troilus">Troilus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Greek_underworld" title="Greek underworld">Underworld</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Entrances to <br /> the underworld</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Rivers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acheron" title="Acheron">Acheron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cocytus" title="Cocytus">Cocytus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eridanos_(river_of_Hades)" class="mw-redirect" title="Eridanos (river of Hades)">Eridanos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lethe" title="Lethe">Lethe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phlegethon" title="Phlegethon">Phlegethon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Styx" title="Styx">Styx</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lakes/swamps</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acherusia" title="Acherusia">Acherusia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Avernus" title="Lake Avernus">Avernus Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lerna" title="Lerna">Lerna Lake</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Caves</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Cave at <a href="/wiki/Cape_Matapan" title="Cape Matapan">Cape Matapan</a></li> <li>Cave at <a href="/wiki/Lake_Avernus" title="Lake Avernus">Lake Avernus</a></li> <li>Cave at <a href="/wiki/Heraclea_Pontica" title="Heraclea Pontica">Heraclea Pontica</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Charoniums</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Charonium at <a href="/wiki/Aornum" title="Aornum">Aornum</a></li> <li>Charonium at <a href="/wiki/Acharaca" title="Acharaca">Acharaca</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ploutonion" title="Ploutonion">Ploutonion</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Ploutonion at <a href="/wiki/Acharaca" title="Acharaca">Acharaca</a></li> <li>Ploutonion at <a href="/wiki/Eleusis" class="mw-redirect" title="Eleusis">Eleusis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ploutonion_at_Hierapolis" title="Ploutonion at Hierapolis">Ploutonion at Hierapolis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Necromanteion (necromancy temple)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Necromanteion_of_Acheron" title="Necromanteion of Acheron">Necromanteion of Acheron</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Places</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elysium" title="Elysium">Elysium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erebus" title="Erebus">Erebus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asphodel_Meadows" title="Asphodel Meadows">Fields of Asphodel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fortunate_Isles" title="Fortunate Isles">Isles of the Blessed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_underworld#Mourning_Fields" title="Greek underworld">Mourning Fields</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tartarus" title="Tartarus">Tartarus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Judges</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aeacus" title="Aeacus">Aeacus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minos" title="Minos">Minos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhadamanthus" title="Rhadamanthus">Rhadamanthus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Guards</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Campe" title="Campe">Campe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cerberus" title="Cerberus">Cerberus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Residents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anticlea" title="Anticlea">Anticlea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dana%C3%AFdes" title="Danaïdes">Danaïdes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurydice" title="Eurydice">Eurydice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ixion" title="Ixion">Ixion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ocnus" title="Ocnus">Ocnus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salmoneus" title="Salmoneus">Salmoneus</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Shade_(mythology)" title="Shade (mythology)">Shades</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sisyphus" title="Sisyphus">Sisyphus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tantalus" title="Tantalus">Tantalus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiresias" title="Tiresias">Tiresias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titans_(mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Titans (mythology)">Titans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tityos" title="Tityos">Tityos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Katabasis#Trip_into_the_underworld" title="Katabasis">Visitors</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dionysus" title="Dionysus">Dionysus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heracles" title="Heracles">Heracles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermes" title="Hermes">Hermes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odysseus" title="Odysseus">Odysseus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orpheus" title="Orpheus">Orpheus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pirithous" title="Pirithous">Pirithous</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cupid_and_Psyche" title="Cupid and Psyche">Psyche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theseus" title="Theseus">Theseus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Symbols/objects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bident" title="Bident">Bident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cap_of_invisibility" title="Cap of invisibility">Cap of invisibility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charon%27s_obol" title="Charon's obol">Charon's obol</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Animals, daemons, <br />and spirits</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ascalaphus_(son_of_Acheron)" title="Ascalaphus (son of Acheron)">Ascalaphus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceuthonymus" title="Ceuthonymus">Ceuthonymus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurynomos_(daemon)" title="Eurynomos (daemon)">Eurynomos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menoetius" title="Menoetius">Menoetius</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;;width:1%">Mythical</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Beings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Greek_mythological_creatures" title="List of Greek mythological creatures">Greek mythological creatures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Greek_mythological_figures" title="List of Greek mythological figures">Greek mythological figures</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_minor_Greek_mythological_figures" title="List of minor Greek mythological figures">Minor figures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Trojan_War_characters" title="List of Trojan War characters">Trojan War</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Minor spirits</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Daemon" class="mw-redirect" title="Daemon">Daemon</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agathodaemon" title="Agathodaemon">Agathodaemon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cacodemon" title="Cacodemon">Cacodaemon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eudaemon_(mythology)" title="Eudaemon (mythology)">Eudaemon</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nymph" title="Nymph">Nymph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satyr" title="Satyr">Satyr</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Beasts /<br /> creatures</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Centaur" title="Centaur">Centaur</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Centaurides" title="Centaurides">Centaurides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ichthyocentaur" title="Ichthyocentaur">Ichthyocentaur</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyclops" class="mw-redirect" title="Cyclops">Cyclops</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dragons_in_Greek_mythology" title="Dragons in Greek mythology">Dragon</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Drakaina_(mythology)" title="Drakaina (mythology)">Drakaina</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Echidna_(mythology)" title="Echidna (mythology)">Echidna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giants_(Greek_mythology)" title="Giants (Greek mythology)">Giant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorgon" class="mw-redirect" title="Gorgon">Gorgon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harpy" title="Harpy">Harpy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hecatonchires" class="mw-redirect" title="Hecatonchires">Hecatonchires</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hippocampus_(mythology)" title="Hippocampus (mythology)">Hippocampus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyrois" class="mw-redirect" title="Pyrois">Horses of Helios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamia" title="Lamia">Lamia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_(mythology)" title="Phoenix (mythology)">Phoenix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Python_(mythology)" title="Python (mythology)">Python</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siren_(mythology)" title="Siren (mythology)">Siren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scylla" title="Scylla">Scylla</a> and <a href="/wiki/Charybdis" title="Charybdis">Charybdis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sphinx" title="Sphinx">Sphinx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Typhon" title="Typhon">Typhon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Captured <br />/ slain by <br /> <a href="/wiki/Greek_hero_cult" title="Greek hero cult">heroes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calydonian_boar" class="mw-redirect" title="Calydonian boar">Calydonian boar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cerberus" title="Cerberus">Cerberus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cerynian_Hind" class="mw-redirect" title="Cerynian Hind">Cerynian Hind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chimera_(mythology)" title="Chimera (mythology)">Chimera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cretan_Bull" title="Cretan Bull">Cretan Bull</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crommyonian_Sow" title="Crommyonian Sow">Crommyonian Sow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erymanthian_boar" title="Erymanthian boar">Erymanthian boar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khalkotauroi" title="Khalkotauroi">Khalkotauroi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lernaean_Hydra" title="Lernaean Hydra">Lernaean Hydra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mares_of_Diomedes" title="Mares of Diomedes">Mares of Diomedes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medusa" title="Medusa">Medusa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minotaur" title="Minotaur">Minotaur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nemean_lion" title="Nemean lion">Nemean lion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orthrus" title="Orthrus">Orthrus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polyphemus" title="Polyphemus">Polyphemus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stymphalian_birds" title="Stymphalian birds">Stymphalian birds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talos" title="Talos">Talos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teumessian_fox" title="Teumessian fox">Teumessian fox</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Tribes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Achaeans_(Homer)" title="Achaeans (Homer)">Achaeans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazons" title="Amazons">Amazons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthropophage" title="Anthropophage">Anthropophagi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bebryces" title="Bebryces">Bebryces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cicones" title="Cicones">Cicones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curetes_(tribe)" title="Curetes (tribe)">Curetes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dactyl_(mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dactyl (mythology)">Dactyls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gargareans" title="Gargareans">Gargareans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halizones" title="Halizones">Halizones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korybantes" title="Korybantes">Korybantes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laestrygonians" title="Laestrygonians">Laestrygonians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lapiths" title="Lapiths">Lapiths</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lotus-eaters" title="Lotus-eaters">Lotus-eaters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myrmidons" title="Myrmidons">Myrmidons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pygmy_(Greek_mythology)" title="Pygmy (Greek mythology)">Pygmies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spartoi" class="mw-redirect" title="Spartoi">Spartoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telchines" title="Telchines">Telchines</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Places <br />/ Realms</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aethiopia" title="Aethiopia">Aethiopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ara_(constellation)#History" title="Ara (constellation)">Ara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colchis#In_mythology" title="Colchis">Colchis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erytheia" title="Erytheia">Erytheia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyperborea" title="Hyperborea">Hyperborea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ismarus_(Thrace)" title="Ismarus (Thrace)">Ismarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homer%27s_Ithaca" title="Homer's Ithaca">Ithaca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libya_(mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Libya (mythology)">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nysa_(mythology)" title="Nysa (mythology)">Nysa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ogygia" title="Ogygia">Ogygia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panchaia_(island)" title="Panchaia (island)">Panchaia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phlegra_(mythology)" title="Phlegra (mythology)">Phlegra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scheria" title="Scheria">Scheria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scythia" title="Scythia">Scythia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symplegades" title="Symplegades">Symplegades</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tartessos" title="Tartessos">Tartessos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Themiscyra_(Pontus)" title="Themiscyra (Pontus)">Themiscyra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thrinacia" class="mw-redirect" title="Thrinacia">Thrinacia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Troy" title="Troy">Troy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_and_Daphne" title="Apollo and Daphne">Apollo and Daphne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calydonian_boar_hunt" title="Calydonian boar hunt">Calydonian boar hunt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cupid_and_Psyche" title="Cupid and Psyche">Eros and Psyche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judgment_of_Paris" class="mw-redirect" title="Judgment of Paris">Judgment of Paris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labours_of_Hercules" title="Labours of Hercules">Labours of Heracles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orpheus_and_Eurydice" title="Orpheus and Eurydice">Orpheus and Eurydice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Returns_from_Troy" title="Returns from Troy">Returns from Troy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Wars</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amazonomachy" title="Amazonomachy">Amazonomachy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attic_War" title="Attic War">Attic War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centauromachy" class="mw-redirect" title="Centauromachy">Centauromachy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gigantomachy" class="mw-redirect" title="Gigantomachy">Gigantomachy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dionysiaca" title="Dionysiaca">Indian War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theomachy" title="Theomachy">Theomachy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titanomachy" title="Titanomachy">Titanomachy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trojan_War" title="Trojan War">Trojan War</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Objects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adamant" title="Adamant">Adamant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aegis" title="Aegis">Aegis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambrosia" title="Ambrosia">Ambrosia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_of_Discord" title="Apple of Discord">Apple of Discord</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Argo" title="Argo">Argo</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dragon%27s_teeth_(mythology)" title="Dragon's teeth (mythology)">Dragon's teeth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diipetes" title="Diipetes">Diipetes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eidolon" title="Eidolon">Eidolon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galatea_(mythology)" title="Galatea (mythology)">Galatea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Girdle_of_Aphrodite" title="Girdle of Aphrodite">Girdle of Aphrodite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_apple" title="Golden apple">Golden apple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Fleece" title="Golden Fleece">Golden Fleece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordian_knot" class="mw-redirect" title="Gordian knot">Gordian knot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harpe" title="Harpe">Harpe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ichor" title="Ichor">Ichor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labyrinth#Cretan_labyrinth" title="Labyrinth">Labyrinth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lotus_tree" title="Lotus tree">Lotus tree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milk_of_Hera" title="Milk of Hera">Milk of Hera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moly_(herb)" title="Moly (herb)">Moly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Necklace_of_Harmonia" title="Necklace of Harmonia">Necklace of Harmonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orichalcum" title="Orichalcum">Orichalcum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palladium_(classical_antiquity)" title="Palladium (classical antiquity)">Palladium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panacea_(medicine)" title="Panacea (medicine)">Panacea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandora%27s_box" title="Pandora's box">Pandora's box</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petasos" title="Petasos">Petasos</a> (<a href="/wiki/Winged_helmet" title="Winged helmet">Winged helmet</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scheria#The_Phaeacian_ships" title="Scheria">Phaeacian ships</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philosopher%27s_stone" title="Philosopher's stone">Philosopher's stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shield_of_Achilles" title="Shield of Achilles">Shield of Achilles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shirt_of_Nessus" title="Shirt of Nessus">Shirt of Nessus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damocles" title="Damocles">Sword of Damocles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talaria" title="Talaria">Talaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thunderbolt" title="Thunderbolt">Thunderbolt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thyrsus" title="Thyrsus">Thyrsus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trident_of_Poseidon" title="Trident of Poseidon">Trident of Poseidon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trojan_Horse" title="Trojan Horse">Trojan Horse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winnowing_Oar" title="Winnowing Oar">Winnowing Oar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wheel_of_fire" title="Wheel of fire">Wheel of fire</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Symbols</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bowl_of_Hygieia" title="Bowl of Hygieia">Bowl of Hygieia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caduceus" title="Caduceus">Caduceus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornucopia" title="Cornucopia">Cornucopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorgoneion" class="mw-redirect" title="Gorgoneion">Gorgoneion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kantharos" title="Kantharos">Kantharos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labrys" title="Labrys">Labrys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orphic_egg" class="mw-redirect" title="Orphic egg">Orphic egg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ouroboros" title="Ouroboros">Ouroboros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Owl_of_Athena" title="Owl of Athena">Owl of Athena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rod_of_Asclepius" title="Rod of Asclepius">Rod of Asclepius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swan_song" title="Swan song">Swan song</a></li> <li>Wind <ul><li><a href="/wiki/East_wind" title="East wind">East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_wind" title="West wind">West</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_wind" title="North wind">North</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_wind" title="South wind">South</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;;width:1%">Modern<br />treatments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Classical_mythology_in_western_art_and_literature" class="mw-redirect" title="Classical mythology in western art and literature">Classical mythology in western art and literature</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Classicism" title="Classicism">Classicism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classics" title="Classics">Classics</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_mythology_in_popular_culture" title="Greek mythology in popular culture">Greek mythology in popular culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modern_understanding_of_Greek_mythology" title="Modern understanding of Greek mythology">Modern understanding of Greek mythology</a></li></ul> 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