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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Tomb of Cyrus the Great</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tomb_of_Cyrus_the_Great-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Archaeology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Archaeology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Archaeology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Archaeology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sivand_Dam_controversy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sivand_Dam_controversy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Sivand Dam controversy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sivand_Dam_controversy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_popular_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_popular_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>In popular culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_popular_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Pasargadae</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 62 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-62" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">62 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%BA%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="باسارغاد – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="باسارغاد" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pasarqad" title="Pasarqad – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Pasarqad" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="پاسارقاد – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="پاسارقاد" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%87" title="পসারগাদে – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="পসারগাদে" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%8B" title="Пасаргады – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Пасаргады" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Пасаргада – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Пасаргада" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pasargad" title="Pasargad – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Pasargad" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pas%C3%A0rgades_(ciutat)" title="Pasàrgades (ciutat) – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Pasàrgades (ciutat)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pasargadae" title="Pasargadae – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Pasargadae" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pasargady" title="Pasargady – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Pasargady" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pasargadae" title="Pasargadae – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Pasargadae" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%AC%CE%B4%CE%B5%CF%82" title="Πασαργάδες – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Πασαργάδες" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pasargada" title="Pasargada – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Pasargada" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pasargado" title="Pasargado – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Pasargado" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pasargada" title="Pasargada – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Pasargada" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%AF%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="پاسارگاد – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پاسارگاد" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pasargades" title="Pasargades – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Pasargades" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%8C%8C%EC%82%AC%EB%A5%B4%EA%B0%80%EB%8B%A4%EC%97%90" title="파사르가다에 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="파사르가다에" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8A%D5%A1%D5%BD%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A3%D5%A1%D5%A4" title="Պասարգադ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Պասարգադ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%87" title="पसारगडे – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="पसारगडे" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pasargada" title="Pasargada – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Pasargada" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pasargadae" title="Pasargadae – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Pasargadae" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pasargade" title="Pasargade – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Pasargade" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%A1%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%92%D7%90%D7%93%D7%94" title="פסארגאדה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פסארגאדה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A4%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%93%E1%83%98" title="ფასარგადი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ფასარგადი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pasargadi" title="Pasargadi – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Pasargadi" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pasargadae" title="Pasargadae – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Pasargadae" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pasargade" title="Pasargade – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Pasargade" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pasargadai" title="Pasargadai – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Pasargadai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paszargadai" title="Paszargadai – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Paszargadai" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%87" title="पसारगडे – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="पसारगडे" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pasargadae" title="Pasargadae – Maltese" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Pasargadae" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Maltese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A4%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%93%E1%83%98" title="ფასარგადი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ფასარგადი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%AF%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="پاسارگاد – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="پاسارگاد" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pasargadae" title="Pasargadae – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Pasargadae" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Пасаргада – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Пасаргада" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pasargadae" title="Pasargadae – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Pasargadae" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%87" title="पसारगडे – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="पसारगडे" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%91%E3%82%B5%E3%83%AB%E3%82%AC%E3%83%80%E3%82%A8" title="パサルガダエ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="パサルガダエ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pasargadae" title="Pasargadae – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Pasargadae" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pasargada" title="Pasargada – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Pasargada" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%AF%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="پاسارگاد – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="پاسارگاد" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pasargady" title="Pasargady – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Pasargady" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pas%C3%A1rgada" title="Pasárgada – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Pasárgada" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%8B" title="Пасаргады – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Пасаргады" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pasargadae" title="Pasargadae – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Pasargadae" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%AF%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="پاسارگاد – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="پاسارگاد" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pasargadai" title="Pasargadai – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Pasargadai" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pasargad" title="Pasargad – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Pasargad" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Пасаргад – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Пасаргад" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pasargad" title="Pasargad – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Pasargad" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pasargadai" title="Pasargadai – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Pasargadai" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pasargad" title="Pasargad – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Pasargad" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Пасаргад – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Пасаргад" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Посоргод – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Посоргод" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pasargad" title="Pasargad – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Pasargad" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8" title="Пасаргади – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Пасаргади" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%AF%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="پاسارگاد – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="پاسارگاد" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pasargadae" title="Pasargadae – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Pasargadae" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B8%95%E8%90%A8%E5%B0%94%E5%8A%A0%E5%BE%B7" title="帕萨尔加德 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="帕萨尔加德" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pasargad" title="Pasargad – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Pasargad" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B8%95%E8%96%A9%E7%88%BE%E5%8A%A0%E5%BE%B7" title="帕薩爾加德 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="帕薩爾加德" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" 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<ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Pasargadae" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikivoyage mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Pasargad" hreflang="en"><span>Wikivoyage</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q230025" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav 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class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Pasargadae&params=30_12_00_N_53_10_46_E_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">30°12′00″N</span> <span class="longitude">53°10′46″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">30.20000°N 53.17944°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">30.20000; 53.17944</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Archaeological site in Fars Province, Iran</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the administrative subdivision of Iran, see <a href="/wiki/Pasargad_County" title="Pasargad County">Pasargad County</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the tribe, see <a href="/wiki/Pasargadae_(tribe)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pasargadae (tribe)">Pasargadae (tribe)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Pasargadae</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="nickname" lang="fa">پاسارگاد</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Pasargad_Tomb_Cyrus3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Pasargad_Tomb_Cyrus3.jpg/220px-Pasargad_Tomb_Cyrus3.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Pasargad_Tomb_Cyrus3.jpg/330px-Pasargad_Tomb_Cyrus3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Pasargad_Tomb_Cyrus3.jpg/440px-Pasargad_Tomb_Cyrus3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5996" data-file-height="4000" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption"><a href="/wiki/Tomb_of_Cyrus_the_Great" title="Tomb of Cyrus the Great">Tomb of Cyrus the Great</a> in Pasargadae</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Iran_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Pasargadae is located in Iran"><img alt="Pasargadae is located in Iran" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Iran_location_map.svg/250px-Iran_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="223" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Iran_location_map.svg/375px-Iran_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Iran_location_map.svg/500px-Iran_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1071" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:63.226%;left:47.217%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Pasargadae"><img alt="Pasargadae" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Archaeological_site_icon_%28red%29.svg/8px-Archaeological_site_icon_%28red%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Archaeological_site_icon_%28red%29.svg/12px-Archaeological_site_icon_%28red%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Archaeological_site_icon_%28red%29.svg/16px-Archaeological_site_icon_%28red%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></span></span></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Shown within Iran</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Fars_Province" class="mw-redirect" title="Fars Province">Fars Province</a>, <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Region</th><td class="infobox-data label">Iran</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Coordinates</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Pasargadae&params=30_12_00_N_53_10_46_E_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">30°12′00″N</span> <span class="longitude">53°10′46″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">30.20000°N 53.17944°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">30.20000; 53.17944</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data category">Settlement</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #eee;">History</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Builder</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Cyrus_the_Great" title="Cyrus the Great">Cyrus the Great</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Material</th><td class="infobox-data category">Stone, clay</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">6th century BCE</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Periods</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Achaemenid_Empire" title="Achaemenid Empire">Achaemenid Empire</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Cultures</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Persian_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Persian people">Persian</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #eee;">Site notes</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Archaeologists</th><td class="infobox-data">Ali Sami, <a href="/wiki/David_Stronach" title="David Stronach">David Stronach</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ernst_Herzfeld" title="Ernst Herzfeld">Ernst Herzfeld</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Condition</th><td class="infobox-data">In ruins</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151960987">body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox table{display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox caption{display:table-caption}</style> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><div style="border:4px solid #0177D3; line-height: 1.5; text-align: center;"> <a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_Site" title="World Heritage Site">UNESCO World Heritage Site</a></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.3em;"><a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_Site#Selection_criteria" title="World Heritage Site">Criteria</a></th><td class="infobox-data category">Cultural: (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.3em;">Reference</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1106">1106</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.3em;">Inscription</th><td class="infobox-data">2004 (28th <a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_Committee" title="World Heritage Committee">Session</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.3em;">Area</th><td class="infobox-data category">160 ha (0.62 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.3em;">Buffer zone</th><td class="infobox-data category">7,127 ha (27.52 sq mi)</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Pasargadae</b> (<span class="IPA nowrap" lang="en-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/pə'sɑrgədi/</a></span>;<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Persian_language" title="Persian language">Persian</a>: <span lang="fa" dir="rtl">پاسارگاد</span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Persian" title="Romanization of Persian">romanized</a>: </small><span title="Persian-language romanization"><i lang="fa-Latn">Pāsārgād</i></span>) was the capital of the <a href="/wiki/Achaemenid_Empire" title="Achaemenid Empire">Achaemenid Empire</a> under <a href="/wiki/Cyrus_the_Great" title="Cyrus the Great">Cyrus the Great</a> (559–530 BC). Today it is an <a href="/wiki/Archaeological_site" title="Archaeological site">archaeological site</a> located just north of the town of <a href="/wiki/Madar-e-Soleyman" title="Madar-e-Soleyman">Madar-e-Soleyman</a> and about 90 kilometres (56 mi) to the northeast of the modern city of <a href="/wiki/Shiraz" title="Shiraz">Shiraz</a>. It is one of Iran's <a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UNESCO</a> <a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_Site" title="World Heritage Site">World Heritage Sites</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is considered to be the location of the <a href="/wiki/Tomb_of_Cyrus" class="mw-redirect" title="Tomb of Cyrus">Tomb of Cyrus</a>, a tomb previously attributed to <i>Madar-e-Soleyman</i>, the "Mother of Solomon". Currently it is a national tourist site administered by the Iranian culture of world heritage. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pasargadae&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Expand_section plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="[icon]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/20px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/30px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="31" /></a></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs expansion</b>. You can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pasargadae&action=edit&section=">adding to it</a>. <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">January 2019</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pasargadae_CyrustheGreatTomb_22061.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Pasargadae_CyrustheGreatTomb_22061.jpg/300px-Pasargadae_CyrustheGreatTomb_22061.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Pasargadae_CyrustheGreatTomb_22061.jpg/450px-Pasargadae_CyrustheGreatTomb_22061.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Pasargadae_CyrustheGreatTomb_22061.jpg/600px-Pasargadae_CyrustheGreatTomb_22061.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a><figcaption>View of <a href="/wiki/Pasargad" class="mw-redirect" title="Pasargad">Pasargad</a> from Toll-e Takht hill. The closest building to the tomb attributed to <a href="/wiki/Cambyses_II" title="Cambyses II">Cambyses II</a> and the farthest building that can be seen in the center of the upper part of the image is the <a href="/wiki/Tomb_of_Cyrus" class="mw-redirect" title="Tomb of Cyrus">Tomb of Cyrus</a> the Great. Between these two buildings, the ruins of Achaemenid palaces can be seen.</figcaption></figure> <p>Pasargadae was founded in the 6th century BCE as the first capital of the <a href="/wiki/Achaemenid_Empire" title="Achaemenid Empire">Achaemenid Empire</a> by <a href="/wiki/Cyrus_the_Great" title="Cyrus the Great">Cyrus the Great</a>, near the site of his victory over the <a href="/wiki/Medes" title="Medes">Median</a> king <a href="/wiki/Astyages" title="Astyages">Astyages</a> in 550 BCE. The city remained the <a href="/wiki/Achaemenid" class="mw-redirect" title="Achaemenid">Achaemenid</a> capital until <a href="/wiki/Darius_the_Great" title="Darius the Great">Darius</a> moved it to <a href="/wiki/Persepolis" title="Persepolis">Persepolis</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Britannica_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Britannica-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The archaeological site covers 1.6 square kilometres (0.62 sq mi) and includes a structure commonly believed to be the <a href="/wiki/Mausoleum" title="Mausoleum">mausoleum</a> of Cyrus, the fortress of Toll-e Takht sitting on top of a nearby hill, and the remains of two royal palaces and gardens. Pasargadae Persian Gardens provide the earliest known example of the Persian <i><a href="/wiki/Charbagh" title="Charbagh">chahar bagh</a></i>, or fourfold garden design (see <a href="/wiki/Persian_Gardens" class="mw-redirect" title="Persian Gardens">Persian Gardens</a>). </p><p>The remains of the <a href="/wiki/Tomb_of_Cyrus" class="mw-redirect" title="Tomb of Cyrus">tomb of Cyrus</a>' son and successor <a href="/wiki/Cambyses_II" title="Cambyses II">Cambyses II</a> have been found in Pasargadae, near the fortress of Toll-e Takht, and identified in 2006.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Gate R, located at the eastern edge of the palace area, is the oldest known freestanding <a href="/wiki/Propylaeum" class="mw-redirect" title="Propylaeum">propylaeum</a>. It may have been the architectural predecessor of the <a href="/wiki/Gate_of_All_Nations" title="Gate of All Nations">Gate of All Nations</a> at <a href="/wiki/Persepolis" title="Persepolis">Persepolis</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Iranica_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Iranica-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tomb_of_Cyrus_the_Great">Tomb of Cyrus the Great</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pasargadae&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Tomb of Cyrus the Great"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Tomb_of_Cyrus" class="mw-redirect" title="Tomb of Cyrus">Tomb of Cyrus</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:I_am_Cyrus,_Achaemenid_King_-_Pasargadae.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/I_am_Cyrus%2C_Achaemenid_King_-_Pasargadae.JPG/220px-I_am_Cyrus%2C_Achaemenid_King_-_Pasargadae.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="119" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/I_am_Cyrus%2C_Achaemenid_King_-_Pasargadae.JPG/330px-I_am_Cyrus%2C_Achaemenid_King_-_Pasargadae.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/I_am_Cyrus%2C_Achaemenid_King_-_Pasargadae.JPG/440px-I_am_Cyrus%2C_Achaemenid_King_-_Pasargadae.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3302" data-file-height="1781" /></a><figcaption>"I am <a href="/wiki/Cyrus_the_Great" title="Cyrus the Great">Cyrus</a> the king, an <a href="/wiki/Achaemenid" class="mw-redirect" title="Achaemenid">Achaemenid</a>." in <a href="/wiki/Old_Persian" title="Old Persian">Old Persian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Elamite_language" title="Elamite language">Elamite</a> and <a href="/wiki/Akkadian_language" title="Akkadian language">Akkadian</a> languages. It is carved in a column in Pasargadae</figcaption></figure> <p>The most important monument in Pasargadae is the tomb of Cyrus the Great. It has six broad steps leading to the sepulchre, the chamber of which measures 3.17 metres (10.4 ft) long by 2.11 metres (6 ft 11 in) wide by 2.11 metres (6 ft 11 in) high and has a low and narrow entrance. Though there is no firm evidence identifying the tomb as that of Cyrus, Greek historians say that <a href="/wiki/Alexander_the_Great" title="Alexander the Great">Alexander</a> believed it was. When Alexander looted and destroyed Persepolis, he paid a visit to the tomb of Cyrus. <a href="/wiki/Arrian" title="Arrian">Arrian</a>, writing in the second century CE, recorded that Alexander commanded Aristobulus, one of his warriors, to enter the monument. Inside he found a golden bed, a table set with drinking vessels, a gold coffin, some ornaments studded with precious stones and an inscription on the tomb. No trace of any such inscription survives, and there is considerable disagreement about the exact wording of the text. <a href="/wiki/Strabo" title="Strabo">Strabo</a> and <a href="/wiki/Arrian" title="Arrian">Arrian</a> report that it reads:<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><div class="poem"> <p>Passer-by, I am Cyrus, who gave the Persians an empire, and was king of Asia.<br /> Grudge me not therefore this monument. </p> </div></blockquote> <p>The design of Cyrus' tomb is credited to Mesopotamian or Elamite <a href="/wiki/Ziggurat" title="Ziggurat">ziggurats</a>, but the <a href="/wiki/Cella" title="Cella">cella</a> is usually attributed to <a href="/wiki/Urartu" title="Urartu">Urartu</a> tombs of an earlier period.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In particular, the tomb at Pasargadae has almost exactly the same dimensions as the tomb of <a href="/wiki/Alyattes_of_Lydia" class="mw-redirect" title="Alyattes of Lydia">Alyattes</a>, father of the Lydian King <a href="/wiki/Croesus" title="Croesus">Croesus</a>; however, some have refused the claim (according to <a href="/wiki/Herodotus" title="Herodotus">Herodotus</a>, Croesus was spared by Cyrus during the conquest of Lydia, and became a member of Cyrus' court). The main decoration on the tomb is a <a href="/wiki/Rosette_(design)" title="Rosette (design)">rosette</a> design over the door within the gable.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In general, the art and architecture found at Pasargadae exemplified the Persian synthesis of various traditions, drawing on precedents from <a href="/wiki/Elam" title="Elam">Elam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Babylon" title="Babylon">Babylon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Assyria" title="Assyria">Assyria</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egypt" title="Ancient Egypt">ancient Egypt</a>, with the addition of some Anatolian influences. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Archaeology">Archaeology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pasargadae&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Archaeology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pasargadae_Swallow-Tail_Staples.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Pasargadae_Swallow-Tail_Staples.jpg/220px-Pasargadae_Swallow-Tail_Staples.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9b/Pasargadae_Swallow-Tail_Staples.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="283" data-file-height="190" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Dovetail" class="mw-redirect" title="Dovetail">Dovetail</a> <a href="/wiki/Staple_(fastener)" title="Staple (fastener)">staples</a> from Pasargadae</figcaption></figure> <p>The first capital of the <a href="/wiki/Achaemenid_Empire" title="Achaemenid Empire">Achaemenid Empire</a>, Pasargadae lies in ruins 40 kilometers from <a href="/wiki/Persepolis" title="Persepolis">Persepolis</a>, in present-day <a href="/wiki/Fars_province" title="Fars province">Fars province</a> of <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Gardens were of great significance in Persian culture, and the palace complex was constituted by an extensive pattern of gardens stretching from the Tomb of Cyrus to a fortress known as the Tall-i Takht, about three kilometres away, and containing various palaces and other buildings. The architecture showed elements of Elamite and Egyptian or Phoenician decoration as well as <a href="/wiki/Ionia" title="Ionia">Ionian</a> Greek building techniques, suggesting a desire by Cyrus to reflect his imperial rather than simply national kingship.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Pasargadae was first archaeologically explored by the German archaeologist <a href="/wiki/Ernst_Herzfeld" title="Ernst Herzfeld">Ernst Herzfeld</a> in 1905, and in one excavation season in 1928, together with his assistant <a href="/w/index.php?title=Friedrich_Krefter&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Friedrich Krefter (page does not exist)">Friedrich Krefter</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friedrich_Krefter" class="extiw" title="de:Friedrich Krefter">de</a>]</span>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since 1946, the original documents, notebooks, photographs, fragments of wall paintings and pottery from the early excavations are preserved in the <a href="/wiki/Freer_Gallery_of_Art" title="Freer Gallery of Art">Freer Gallery of Art</a>, Smithsonian Institution, in Washington, DC. After Herzfeld, <a href="/wiki/Sir_Aurel_Stein" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir Aurel Stein">Sir Aurel Stein</a> completed a site plan for Pasargadae in 1934.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1935, Erich F. Schmidt produced a series of aerial photographs of the entire complex.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>From 1949 to 1955, an Iranian team led by Ali Sami worked there.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A British Institute of Persian Studies team led by <a href="/wiki/David_Stronach" title="David Stronach">David Stronach</a> resumed excavation from 1961 to 1963.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was during the 1960s that a pot-hoard known as the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pasargadae_Treasure&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pasargadae Treasure (page does not exist)">Pasargadae Treasure</a> was excavated near the foundations of 'Pavilion B' at the site. Dating to the 5th-4th centuries BC, the treasure consists of ornate <a href="/wiki/Achaemenid_art" class="mw-redirect" title="Achaemenid art">Achaemenid</a> jewellery made from gold and precious gems and is now housed in the <a href="/wiki/National_Museum_of_Iran" title="National Museum of Iran">National Museum of Iran</a> and the <a href="/wiki/British_Museum" title="British Museum">British Museum</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It has been suggested that the treasure was buried as a subsequent action once <a href="/wiki/Alexander_the_Great" title="Alexander the Great">Alexander the Great</a> approached with his army, then remained buried, hinting at violence.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After a gap, work was resumed by the Iranian Cultural Heritage Organization and the <a href="/wiki/Maison_de_l%27Orient_et_de_la_M%C3%A9diterran%C3%A9e" title="Maison de l'Orient et de la Méditerranée">Maison de l'Orient et de la Méditerranée</a> of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Lyon" title="University of Lyon">University of Lyon</a> in 2000.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The complex is one of the key cultural heritage sites for tourism in Iran.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sivand_Dam_controversy">Sivand Dam controversy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pasargadae&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Sivand Dam controversy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There has been growing concern regarding the proposed <a href="/wiki/Sivand_Dam" title="Sivand Dam">Sivand Dam</a>, named after the nearby town of <a href="/wiki/Sivand" title="Sivand">Sivand</a>. Despite planning that has stretched over 10 years, Iran's own <a href="/wiki/Cultural_Heritage_Organization_of_Iran" class="mw-redirect" title="Cultural Heritage Organization of Iran">Iranian Cultural Heritage Organization</a> was not aware of the broader areas of flooding during much of this time. </p><p>Its placement between both the ruins of Pasargadae and Persepolis has many archaeologists and Iranians worried that the dam will flood these UNESCO World Heritage sites, although scientists involved with the construction say this is not obvious because the sites sit above the planned waterline. Of the two sites, Pasargadae is the one considered to be more threatened. Experts agree that the planning of future dam projects in Iran will merit an earlier examination of the risks to cultural resource properties.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Of broadly shared concern to archaeologists is the effect of the increase in humidity caused by the lake.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> All agree that the humidity created by it will speed up the destruction of Pasargadae, yet experts from the Ministry of Energy believe it could be partially compensated for by controlling the water level of the reservoir. </p><p>Construction of the dam began on 19 April 2007, with the height of the waterline limited so as to mitigate damage to the ruins.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_popular_culture">In popular culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pasargadae&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: In popular culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Passargade_by_Eug%C3%A8ne_Flandin.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Passargade_by_Eug%C3%A8ne_Flandin.jpg/220px-Passargade_by_Eug%C3%A8ne_Flandin.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Passargade_by_Eug%C3%A8ne_Flandin.jpg/330px-Passargade_by_Eug%C3%A8ne_Flandin.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Passargade_by_Eug%C3%A8ne_Flandin.jpg/440px-Passargade_by_Eug%C3%A8ne_Flandin.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2712" data-file-height="1795" /></a><figcaption>The tomb of Cyrus the Great in the <a href="/wiki/Qajar_dynasty" title="Qajar dynasty">Qajar</a> period</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1930, the <a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazilian</a> poet <a href="/wiki/Manuel_Bandeira" title="Manuel Bandeira">Manuel Bandeira</a> published a poem called "Vou-me embora pra Pasárgada" ("I'm off to Pasargadae" in <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_language" title="Portuguese language">Portuguese</a>), in a book entitled <i>Libertinagem</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It tells the story of a man who wants to go to Pasargadae, described in the poem as a <a href="/wiki/Utopia" title="Utopia">utopian</a> city, having the children learned in the school about this "utopic city created by Manuel Bandeira". Manuel Bandeira heard the name Pasargadae for the first time when he was 16 years old, reading a book by a Greek author. The name of the field of the Persians reminded him of good things, of a place of tranquillity and beauties. Years later, in his apartment, during a moment of sadness and anxiety, he had the idea of “vou-me embora pra Pasárgada” (I'm off to Pasargadae) and then created the poem, which surrounds the great part of the Brazilian population’s imagination to this day.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pasargadae&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cyrus_tomb.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Tomb of Cyrus the Great"><img alt="Tomb of Cyrus the Great" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Cyrus_tomb.jpg/120px-Cyrus_tomb.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="77" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Cyrus_tomb.jpg/180px-Cyrus_tomb.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Cyrus_tomb.jpg/240px-Cyrus_tomb.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="387" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Tomb of <a href="/wiki/Cyrus_the_Great" title="Cyrus the Great">Cyrus the Great</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cambyses_I_-_April_2013_-_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Tomb of Cambyses I"><img alt="Tomb of Cambyses I" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Cambyses_I_-_April_2013_-_2.jpg/90px-Cambyses_I_-_April_2013_-_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Cambyses_I_-_April_2013_-_2.jpg/135px-Cambyses_I_-_April_2013_-_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Cambyses_I_-_April_2013_-_2.jpg/180px-Cambyses_I_-_April_2013_-_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1944" data-file-height="2592" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Tomb of <a href="/wiki/Cambyses_I" title="Cambyses I">Cambyses I</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pasargadae_3.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Private Palace"><img alt="The Private Palace" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Pasargadae_3.jpg/120px-Pasargadae_3.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Pasargadae_3.jpg/180px-Pasargadae_3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Pasargadae_3.jpg/240px-Pasargadae_3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The Private Palace</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Audience_Palace,_Pasargadae_03.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Audience Palace"><img alt="The Audience Palace" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Audience_Palace%2C_Pasargadae_03.jpg/120px-Audience_Palace%2C_Pasargadae_03.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Audience_Palace%2C_Pasargadae_03.jpg/180px-Audience_Palace%2C_Pasargadae_03.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Audience_Palace%2C_Pasargadae_03.jpg/240px-Audience_Palace%2C_Pasargadae_03.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5060" data-file-height="3373" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The Audience Palace</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gateway_Palace,_Pasargades_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Gateway Palace"><img alt="The Gateway Palace" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Gateway_Palace%2C_Pasargades_01.jpg/120px-Gateway_Palace%2C_Pasargades_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Gateway_Palace%2C_Pasargades_01.jpg/180px-Gateway_Palace%2C_Pasargades_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Gateway_Palace%2C_Pasargades_01.jpg/240px-Gateway_Palace%2C_Pasargades_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The Gateway Palace</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pasargad_citadel.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The citadel of Pasargadae. At its top many column bases indicate the structure was not unlike the Athenian Acropolis in positioning and structure."><img alt="The citadel of Pasargadae. At its top many column bases indicate the structure was not unlike the Athenian Acropolis in positioning and structure." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Pasargad_citadel.jpg/120px-Pasargad_citadel.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="71" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Pasargad_citadel.jpg/180px-Pasargad_citadel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Pasargad_citadel.jpg/240px-Pasargad_citadel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1106" data-file-height="650" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The citadel of Pasargadae. At its top many column bases indicate the structure was not unlike the Athenian <a href="/wiki/Acropolis" title="Acropolis">Acropolis</a> in positioning and structure.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pasargad_audience_hall.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Pasargad audience hall"><img alt="Pasargad audience hall" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Pasargad_audience_hall.jpg/120px-Pasargad_audience_hall.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="63" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Pasargad_audience_hall.jpg/180px-Pasargad_audience_hall.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Pasargad_audience_hall.jpg/240px-Pasargad_audience_hall.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="628" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Pasargad audience hall</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%88%D8%B7%D9%87_%D9%85%D9%82%D8%AF%D8%B3_(1).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Holy area (Pasargad)"><img alt="Holy area (Pasargad)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%88%D8%B7%D9%87_%D9%85%D9%82%D8%AF%D8%B3_%281%29.jpg/120px-%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%88%D8%B7%D9%87_%D9%85%D9%82%D8%AF%D8%B3_%281%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%88%D8%B7%D9%87_%D9%85%D9%82%D8%AF%D8%B3_%281%29.jpg/180px-%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%88%D8%B7%D9%87_%D9%85%D9%82%D8%AF%D8%B3_%281%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%88%D8%B7%D9%87_%D9%85%D9%82%D8%AF%D8%B3_%281%29.jpg/240px-%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%88%D8%B7%D9%87_%D9%85%D9%82%D8%AF%D8%B3_%281%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1572" data-file-height="1175" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Holy area (Pasargad)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pasargad_-_Toll-e_Takht_-_panoramio.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Toll-e Takht hill (Pasargad)"><img alt="Toll-e Takht hill (Pasargad)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Pasargad_-_Toll-e_Takht_-_panoramio.jpg/120px-Pasargad_-_Toll-e_Takht_-_panoramio.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="79" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Pasargad_-_Toll-e_Takht_-_panoramio.jpg/180px-Pasargad_-_Toll-e_Takht_-_panoramio.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Pasargad_-_Toll-e_Takht_-_panoramio.jpg/240px-Pasargad_-_Toll-e_Takht_-_panoramio.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4928" data-file-height="3264" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Toll-e Takht hill (Pasargad)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pasargad_-_Toll-e_Takht_-_panoramio_(1).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Toll-e Takht hill (Pasargad)"><img alt="Toll-e Takht hill (Pasargad)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Pasargad_-_Toll-e_Takht_-_panoramio_%281%29.jpg/120px-Pasargad_-_Toll-e_Takht_-_panoramio_%281%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="79" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Pasargad_-_Toll-e_Takht_-_panoramio_%281%29.jpg/180px-Pasargad_-_Toll-e_Takht_-_panoramio_%281%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Pasargad_-_Toll-e_Takht_-_panoramio_%281%29.jpg/240px-Pasargad_-_Toll-e_Takht_-_panoramio_%281%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4928" data-file-height="3264" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Toll-e Takht hill (Pasargad)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%AE_%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%87_(2).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The gate of the palace with the view of the winged man"><img alt="The gate of the palace with the view of the winged man" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%AE_%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%87_%282%29.jpg/80px-%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%AE_%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%87_%282%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%AE_%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%87_%282%29.jpg/120px-%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%AE_%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%87_%282%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%AE_%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%87_%282%29.jpg/160px-%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%AE_%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%87_%282%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2848" data-file-height="4272" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The gate of the palace with the view of the winged man</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Banknote_of_shah_-_50_rials_(rear).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The back of the 50 riyal banknote of the Pahlavi era"><img alt="The back of the 50 riyal banknote of the Pahlavi era" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Banknote_of_shah_-_50_rials_%28rear%29.jpg/120px-Banknote_of_shah_-_50_rials_%28rear%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="61" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Banknote_of_shah_-_50_rials_%28rear%29.jpg/180px-Banknote_of_shah_-_50_rials_%28rear%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Banknote_of_shah_-_50_rials_%28rear%29.jpg/240px-Banknote_of_shah_-_50_rials_%28rear%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="354" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The back of the 50 riyal banknote of the <a href="/wiki/Pahlavi_dynasty" title="Pahlavi dynasty">Pahlavi era</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Harold_f_Weston_-_Iran32.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Pasargadae in 1920s"><img alt="Pasargadae in 1920s" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Harold_f_Weston_-_Iran32.jpg/72px-Harold_f_Weston_-_Iran32.jpg" decoding="async" width="72" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Harold_f_Weston_-_Iran32.jpg/108px-Harold_f_Weston_-_Iran32.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Harold_f_Weston_-_Iran32.jpg/145px-Harold_f_Weston_-_Iran32.jpg 2x" data-file-width="303" data-file-height="502" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Pasargadae in 1920s</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pasargadae&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2,500-year_celebration_of_the_Persian_Empire" title="2,500-year celebration of the Persian Empire">2,500-year celebration of the Persian Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achaemenid_architecture" title="Achaemenid architecture">Achaemenid architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_of_the_ancient_Near_East" title="List of cities of the ancient Near East">List of cities of the ancient Near East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Iran" title="History of Iran">History of Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_architecture" title="Iranian architecture">Iranian architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tangeh_Bolaghi" title="Tangeh Bolaghi">Tangeh Bolaghi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ka%27ba-ye_Zartosht" title="Ka'ba-ye Zartosht">Ka'ba-ye Zartosht</a>, modeled after the "Prison of Solomon"</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pasargadae&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">From <span title="Old Persian (ca. 600-400 B.C.)-language romanization"><i lang="peo-Latn">Pāθra-gadā</i></span>, <abbr style="font-size:85%" title="literal translation">lit.</abbr><span style="white-space: nowrap;"> </span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span><span class="gloss-text">protective club</span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span>  or <span class="gloss-quot">'</span><span class="gloss-text">strong club</span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span>;<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pasargadae&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 33em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gershevitch, Ilya, "Iranian Nouns and Names in Elamite Garb", Transactions of the Philological Society 68 (1), pp. 167–200, 1969 (1970)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070311201606/http://www.mehrnews.com/en/NewsDetail.aspx?NewsID=107603"><i>Ancient Pasargadae threatened by construction of dam</i></a>, Mehr News Agency, 28 August 2004, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mehrnews.com/en/NewsDetail.aspx?NewsID=107603">the original</a> on 11 March 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 September</span> 2006</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ancient+Pasargadae+threatened+by+construction+of+dam&rft.pub=Mehr+News+Agency&rft.date=2004-08-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mehrnews.com%2Fen%2FNewsDetail.aspx%3FNewsID%3D107603&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APasargadae" class="Z3988"></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Britannica-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Britannica_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Pasargadae-ancient-city-Iran">"Pasargadae"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 December</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.atitle=Pasargadae&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fplace%2FPasargadae-ancient-city-Iran&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APasargadae" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091129074711/http://www.chnpress.com/news/?section=2&id=6865"><i>Discovered Stone Slab Proved to be Gate of Cambyses' Tomb</i></a>, CHN, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chnpress.com/news/?section=2&id=6865">the original</a> on 2009-11-29</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Discovered+Stone+Slab+Proved+to+be+Gate+of+Cambyses%27+Tomb&rft.pub=CHN&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chnpress.com%2Fnews%2F%3Fsection%3D2%26id%3D6865&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APasargadae" class="Z3988"></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Iranica-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Iranica_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFelectricpulp.com" class="citation web cs1">electricpulp.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/pasargadae">"PASARGADAE – Encyclopaedia Iranica"</a>. <i>www.iranicaonline.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 April</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.iranicaonline.org&rft.atitle=PASARGADAE+%E2%80%93+Encyclopaedia+Iranica&rft.au=electricpulp.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iranicaonline.org%2Farticles%2Fpasargadae&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APasargadae" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Arrian, <i>Anabasis</i> 6.29.8; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFde_Sélincourt" class="citation web cs1">de Sélincourt, Aubrey. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.livius.org/sources/content/arrian/anabasis/alexander-and-the-tomb-of-cyrus/">"Arrian on the tomb of Cyrus - Livius"</a>. <i>www.livius.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 January</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.livius.org&rft.atitle=Arrian+on+the+tomb+of+Cyrus+-+Livius&rft.aulast=de+S%C3%A9lincourt&rft.aufirst=Aubrey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.livius.org%2Fsources%2Fcontent%2Farrian%2Fanabasis%2Falexander-and-the-tomb-of-cyrus%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APasargadae" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHogan2008" class="citation cs2">Hogan, C Michael (Jan 19, 2008), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.megalithic.co.uk/article.php?sid=18264">"Tomb of Cyrus"</a>, <i>The Megalithic Portal</i>, Surrey, UK: Andy Burnham</cite><span 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class="external text" href="http://www.chnpress.com/news/?Section=2&id=5981">the original</a> on 12 March 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">Sep 15,</span> 2006</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sivand+Dam%27s+Inundation+Postponed+for+6+Months&rft.pub=Cultural+Heritage+News+Agency&rft.date=2005-11-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chnpress.com%2Fnews%2F%3FSection%3D2%26id%3D5981&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APasargadae" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFathi2005" class="citation cs2">Fathi, Nazila (November 27, 2005), "A Rush to Excavate Ancient Iranian Sites", <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F60C1FFB3E550C748EDDA80994DD404482"><i>The New York Times</i></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=A+Rush+to+Excavate+Ancient+Iranian+Sites&rft.btitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.date=2005-11-27&rft.aulast=Fathi&rft.aufirst=Nazila&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fselect.nytimes.com%2Fgst%2Fabstract.html%3Fres%3DF60C1FFB3E550C748EDDA80994DD404482&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APasargadae" class="Z3988"></span>; fully accessible at <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFathi2005" class="citation cs2">Fathi, Nazila (27 November 2005), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2005/11/27/MNGEJFUORL1.DTL&feed=rss.news">"SF Gate"</a>, <i>The San Francisco Chronicle</i></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+San+Francisco+Chronicle&rft.atitle=SF+Gate&rft.date=2005-11-27&rft.aulast=Fathi&rft.aufirst=Nazila&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sfgate.com%2Fcgi-bin%2Farticle.cgi%3Ff%3D%2Fc%2Fa%2F2005%2F11%2F27%2FMNGEJFUORL1.DTL%26feed%3Drss.news&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APasargadae" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAli_Mousavi2005" class="citation cs2">Ali Mousavi (September 16, 2005), "Cyrus can rest in peace: Pasargadae and rumors about the dangers of Sivand Dam", <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100523103803/http://www.iranian.com/History/2005/September/Heritage6/"><i>History</i></a>, Iranian, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iranian.com/History/2005/September/Heritage6/">the original</a> on May 23, 2010</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Cyrus+can+rest+in+peace%3A+Pasargadae+and+rumors+about+the+dangers+of+Sivand+Dam&rft.btitle=History&rft.pub=Iranian&rft.date=2005-09-16&rft.au=Ali+Mousavi&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iranian.com%2FHistory%2F2005%2FSeptember%2FHeritage6%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APasargadae" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070312115633/http://www.chnpress.com/news/?section=2&id=5615"><i>Pasargadae Will Never Drown</i></a>, Cultural Heritage News Agency, 12 September 2005, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chnpress.com/news/?section=2&id=5615">the original</a> on 12 March 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">Sep 15,</span> 2006</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Pasargadae+Will+Never+Drown&rft.pub=Cultural+Heritage+News+Agency&rft.date=2005-09-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chnpress.com%2Fnews%2F%3Fsection%3D2%26id%3D5615&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APasargadae" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMatheson" class="citation cs2">Matheson, Sylvia A, <i>Persia: An Archaeological Guide</i></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Persia%3A+An+Archaeological+Guide&rft.aulast=Matheson&rft.aufirst=Sylvia+A&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APasargadae" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSeffrin2009" class="citation cs2">Seffrin, André (2009), <i>Manuel Bandeira: poesia completa e prosa, volume único</i> [<i>Manuel Bandeira: complete poetry and prose, unique volume</i>], Rio de Janeiro: Editora Nova Aguilar, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-85-210-0108-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-85-210-0108-9"><bdi>978-85-210-0108-9</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Manuel+Bandeira%3A+poesia+completa+e+prosa%2C+volume+%C3%BAnico&rft.place=Rio+de+Janeiro&rft.pub=Editora+Nova+Aguilar&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-85-210-0108-9&rft.aulast=Seffrin&rft.aufirst=Andr%C3%A9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APasargadae" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStronach1978" class="citation cs2">Stronach, David (1978), <i>Pasargadae: A Report on the Excavations Conducted by the British Institute of Persian Studies from 1961–63</i>, Oxford University Press, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-813190-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-813190-8"><bdi>978-0-19-813190-8</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Pasargadae%3A+A+Report+on+the+Excavations+Conducted+by+the+British+Institute+of+Persian+Studies+from+1961%E2%80%9363&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1978&rft.isbn=978-0-19-813190-8&rft.aulast=Stronach&rft.aufirst=David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APasargadae" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li>Ali Mozaffari, World Heritage in Iran: Perspectives on Pasargadae, Routledge, 2016, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1409448440" title="Special:BookSources/978-1409448440">978-1409448440</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pasargadae&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Pasargadae" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Pasargadae">Pasargadae</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="38" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/57px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/76px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a> has the text of the <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">1911 <i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i></a> article "<span style="font-weight:bold;"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Pasargadae" class="extiw" title="wikisource:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Pasargadae">Pasargadae</a></span>".</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://collections.si.edu/search/results.htm?view=grid&dsort=&date.slider=&fq=online_media_type%3A%22Images%22&q=Ernst+Herzfeld+Pasargadae">Excavation Documentation and Fragments of Wall Paintings from Pasargadae</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://whc.unesco.org/pg.cfm?cid=31&id_site=1106"><i>World Heritage Center</i></a>, Unesco</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=World+Heritage+Center&rft.pub=Unesco&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwhc.unesco.org%2Fpg.cfm%3Fcid%3D31%26id_site%3D1106&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APasargadae" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2">"Pasargadae", <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iranchamber.com/history/pasargadae/pasargadae.php"><i>History</i></a>, Iran Chamber Society</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Pasargadae&rft.btitle=History&rft.pub=Iran+Chamber+Society&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iranchamber.com%2Fhistory%2Fpasargadae%2Fpasargadae.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APasargadae" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2">"Pasargad", <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://landofaryan.atspace.com/passargad.htm"><i>Land of Aryan</i></a>, ATSpace</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Pasargad&rft.btitle=Land+of+Aryan&rft.pub=ATSpace&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flandofaryan.atspace.com%2Fpassargad.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APasargadae" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.persepolis3d.com/control_structures/pasargad.htm"><i>Pasargad</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(virtual reconstruction of Pasargadae)</span>, Persepolis3D</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Pasargad&rft.pub=Persepolis3D&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.persepolis3d.com%2Fcontrol_structures%2Fpasargad.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APasargadae" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160420070650/http://www.m-hesse.com/iran/Seiten/persepolis_%26_pasargad.html"><i>Persepolis & Pasargad</i></a> (in German), M Heße, 2009, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.m-hesse.com/iran/Seiten/persepolis_%26_pasargad.html">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(photo gallery)</span> on 2016-04-20<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">2009-04-11</span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Persepolis+%26+Pasargad&rft.pub=M+He%C3%9Fe&rft.date=2009&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.m-hesse.com%2Firan%2FSeiten%2Fpersepolis_%2526_pasargad.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APasargadae" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.livius.org/articles/place/pasargadae/">Pasargadae - Livius</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111020045226/http://www.ichto.ir/Default.aspx?tabid=1222"><i>Pasargadae</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/Cultural_Heritage_Organization_of_Iran" class="mw-redirect" title="Cultural Heritage Organization of Iran">Cultural Heritage Organization of Iran</a>, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ichto.ir/Default.aspx?tabid=1222">the original</a> on 2011-10-20</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Pasargadae&rft.pub=Cultural+Heritage+Organization+of+Iran&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ichto.ir%2FDefault.aspx%3Ftabid%3D1222&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APasargadae" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul 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.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Achaemenid_Empire&#124;link=Achaemenid_Empire_Achaemenid_Empire" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background:#DEB887"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Achaemenid_Empire" title="Template:Achaemenid Empire"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Achaemenid_Empire" title="Template talk:Achaemenid Empire"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Achaemenid_Empire" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Achaemenid Empire"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Achaemenid_Empire&#124;link=Achaemenid_Empire_Achaemenid_Empire" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Achaemenid_Empire" title="Achaemenid Empire"><img alt="Achaemenid Empire" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Standard_of_Cyrus_the_Great_%28Blue%29.svg/15px-Standard_of_Cyrus_the_Great_%28Blue%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Standard_of_Cyrus_the_Great_%28Blue%29.svg/23px-Standard_of_Cyrus_the_Great_%28Blue%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Standard_of_Cyrus_the_Great_%28Blue%29.svg/30px-Standard_of_Cyrus_the_Great_%28Blue%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="470" data-file-height="470" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Achaemenid_Empire" title="Achaemenid Empire">Achaemenid Empire</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#DEB887">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Achaemenid_family_tree" title="Achaemenid family tree">Family tree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Achaemenid_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Timeline of the Achaemenid Empire">Timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_democracy_in_classical_Iran" class="mw-redirect" title="History of democracy in classical Iran">History of democracy</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="9" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Achaemenid_Falcon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Achaemenid_Falcon.svg/150px-Achaemenid_Falcon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="126" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Achaemenid_Falcon.svg/225px-Achaemenid_Falcon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Achaemenid_Falcon.svg/300px-Achaemenid_Falcon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="397" data-file-height="333" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#DEB887">Art</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Achaemenid_Persian_Lion_Rhyton" title="Achaemenid Persian Lion Rhyton">Achaemenid Persian Lion Rhyton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxus_Treasure" title="Oxus Treasure">Oxus Treasure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achaemenid_coinage" title="Achaemenid coinage">Achaemenid coinage</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Apadana_hoard" title="Apadana hoard">Apadana hoard</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Danake" title="Danake">Danake</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Daric" title="Daric">Daric</a></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#DEB887"><a href="/wiki/Achaemenid_architecture" title="Achaemenid architecture">Architecture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Persepolis" title="Persepolis">Persepolis</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Apadana" title="Apadana">Apadana</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Gate_of_All_Nations" title="Gate of All Nations">Gate of All Nations</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Tachara" title="Tachara">Tachara</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palace_of_Darius_in_Susa" title="Palace of Darius in Susa">Palace of Darius in Susa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomb_of_Cyrus" class="mw-redirect" title="Tomb of Cyrus">Tomb of Cyrus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persian_column" title="Persian column">Persian column</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naqsh-e_Rostam" title="Naqsh-e Rostam">Naqsh-e Rostam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ka%27ba-ye_Zartosht" title="Ka'ba-ye Zartosht">Ka'ba-ye Zartosht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mausoleum_at_Halicarnassus" title="Mausoleum at Halicarnassus">Mausoleum at Halicarnassus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tombs_at_Xanthos" title="Tombs at Xanthos">Tombs at Xanthos</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Harpy_Tomb" title="Harpy Tomb">Harpy Tomb</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Nereid_Monument" title="Nereid Monument">Nereid Monument</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Tomb_of_Payava" title="Tomb of Payava">Tomb of Payava</a></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#DEB887">Culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Achaemenid_music" title="Achaemenid music">Achaemenid music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Persian_cuneiform" title="Old Persian cuneiform">Old Persian cuneiform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Persian" title="Old Persian">Old Persian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Behistun_Inscription" title="Behistun Inscription">Behistun Inscription</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xerxes_I%27s_inscription_at_Van" class="mw-redirect" title="Xerxes I's inscription at Van">Xerxes I's inscription at Van</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganjnameh" title="Ganjnameh">Ganjnameh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyrus_Cylinder" title="Cyrus Cylinder">Cyrus Cylinder</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#DEB887">Warfare</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Persian_Revolt" class="mw-redirect" title="Persian Revolt">Persian Revolt</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Hyrba" title="Battle of Hyrba">Battle of Hyrba</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Persian_Border" title="Battle of the Persian Border">Battle of the Persian Border</a></span></li></ul></li> <li>Lydian-Persian Wars <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Pteria" title="Battle of Pteria">Battle of Pteria</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Thymbra" title="Battle of Thymbra">Battle of Thymbra</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Sardis_(547_BC)" title="Siege of Sardis (547 BC)">Siege of Sardis (547 BC)</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Opis" title="Battle of Opis">Battle of Opis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achaemenid_conquest_of_the_Indus_Valley" title="Achaemenid conquest of the Indus Valley">Conquest of the Indus Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Achaemenid_conquest_of_Egypt" title="First Achaemenid conquest of Egypt">First conquest of Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scythian_campaign_of_Darius_I" title="Scythian campaign of Darius I">Scythian campaign of Darius I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greco-Persian_Wars" title="Greco-Persian Wars">Greco-Persian Wars</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Ionian_Revolt" title="Ionian Revolt">Ionian Revolt</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Naxos_(499_BC)" title="Siege of Naxos (499 BC)">Siege of Naxos (499 BC)</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Lade" title="Battle of Lade">Battle of Lade</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Eretria" title="Siege of Eretria">Siege of Eretria</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Marathon" title="Battle of Marathon">Battle of Marathon</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Thermopylae" title="Battle of Thermopylae">Battle of Thermopylae</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Artemisium" title="Battle of Artemisium">Battle of Artemisium</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Achaemenid_destruction_of_Athens" title="Achaemenid destruction of Athens">Destruction of Athens</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Salamis" title="Battle of Salamis">Battle of Salamis</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Plataea" title="Battle of Plataea">Battle of Plataea</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mycale" title="Battle of Mycale">Battle of Mycale</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Babylonian_revolts_(484_BC)" title="Babylonian revolts (484 BC)">Babylonian revolts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wars_of_the_Delian_League" title="Wars of the Delian League">Wars of the Delian League</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Eurymedon" title="Battle of the Eurymedon">Battle of the Eurymedon</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peloponnesian_War" title="Peloponnesian War">Peloponnesian War</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Cyzicus" title="Battle of Cyzicus">Battle of Cyzicus</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Cunaxa" title="Battle of Cunaxa">Battle of Cunaxa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corinthian_War" title="Corinthian War">Corinthian War</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Cnidus" title="Battle of Cnidus">Battle of Cnidus</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Satraps%27_Revolt" title="Great Satraps' Revolt">Great Satraps' Revolt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Achaemenid_conquest_of_Egypt" title="Second Achaemenid conquest of Egypt">Second conquest of Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wars_of_Alexander_the_Great" title="Wars of Alexander the Great">Wars of Alexander the Great</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Granicus" title="Battle of the Granicus">Battle of the Granicus</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Miletus" title="Siege of Miletus">Siege of Miletus</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Halicarnassus" title="Siege of Halicarnassus">Siege of Halicarnassus</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Issus" title="Battle of Issus">Battle of Issus</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Tyre_(332_BC)" title="Siege of Tyre (332 BC)">Siege of Tyre (332 BC)</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Gaza_(332_BCE)" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege of Gaza (332 BCE)">Siege of Gaza</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Gaugamela" title="Battle of Gaugamela">Battle of Gaugamela</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Persian_Gate" title="Battle of the Persian Gate">Battle of the Persian Gate</a></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#DEB887">Diplomacy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Earth_and_water" title="Earth and water">Earth and water</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peace_of_Callias" title="Peace of Callias">Peace of Callias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peace_of_Antalcidas" title="Peace of Antalcidas">Peace of Antalcidas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#DEB887">Administration</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Capitals <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Pasargadae</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Ecbatana" title="Ecbatana">Ecbatana</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Babylon#Persian_conquest" title="Babylon">Babylon</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Susa" title="Susa">Susa</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satrap" title="Satrap">Satrapies</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Satrapy_of_Armenia" title="Satrapy of Armenia">Armenia</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_the_Achaemenid_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Districts of the Achaemenid Empire">Districts of the Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persepolis_Administrative_Archives" title="Persepolis Administrative Archives">Persepolis Administrative Archives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Road" title="Royal Road">Royal Road</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Chapar_Khaneh" title="Chapar Khaneh">Chapar Khaneh</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Angarium" title="Angarium">Angarium</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Angarum" title="Angarum">Angarum</a></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#DEB887">Dynasties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Achaemenid_dynasty" title="Achaemenid dynasty">Achaemenid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pharnacid_dynasty" title="Pharnacid dynasty">Pharnacid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mithridatic_dynasty" title="Mithridatic dynasty">Mithridatic</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Pontus" title="Kingdom of Pontus">Pontus</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ariarathid_dynasty" title="Ariarathid dynasty">Ariarathid</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Cappadocia" title="Kingdom of Cappadocia">Cappadocia</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lygdamid_dynasty" title="Lygdamid dynasty">Lygdamid</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Caria" title="Caria">Caria</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orontid_dynasty" title="Orontid dynasty">Orontid</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Satrapy_of_Armenia" title="Satrapy of Armenia">Armenia</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seven_Achaemenid_clans" title="Seven Achaemenid clans">Seven Achaemenid clans</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#DEB887">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2,500-year_celebration_of_the_Persian_Empire" title="2,500-year celebration of the Persian Empire">2,500-year celebration of the Persian Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xanthian_Obelisk" title="Xanthian Obelisk">Xanthian Obelisk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cappadocian_calendar" title="Cappadocian calendar">Cappadocian calendar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="World_Heritage_Sites_in_Iran" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:World_Heritage_Sites_in_Iran" title="Template:World Heritage Sites in Iran"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:World_Heritage_Sites_in_Iran" title="Template talk:World Heritage Sites in Iran"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:World_Heritage_Sites_in_Iran" title="Special:EditPage/Template:World Heritage Sites in Iran"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="World_Heritage_Sites_in_Iran" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_Site" title="World Heritage Site">World Heritage Sites</a> in <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Iran" title="List of World Heritage Sites in Iran">List of World Heritage Sites in Iran</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cultural</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Monastic_Ensembles_of_Iran" title="Armenian Monastic Ensembles of Iran">The Armenian Monastic Ensembles</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/St._Thaddeus_Monastery" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Thaddeus Monastery">St. Thaddeus Monastery</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Saint_Stepanos_Monastery" title="Saint Stepanos Monastery">St. Stepanos Monastery</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Chapel_of_Dzordzor" title="Chapel of Dzordzor">Chapel of Dzordzor</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Chapel_of_Chupan" title="Chapel of Chupan">Chapel of Chupan</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_Holy_Mother_of_God,_Darashamb" title="Church of the Holy Mother of God, Darashamb">Church of the Holy Mother of God</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arg-%C3%A9_Bam" class="mw-redirect" title="Arg-é Bam">Bam</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">and its cultural landscape</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Behistun_Inscription" title="Behistun Inscription">Behistun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chogha_Zanbil" title="Chogha Zanbil">Chogha Zanbil</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">Cultural landscape of</span> <a href="/wiki/Meymand,_Kerman" title="Meymand, Kerman">Maymand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golestan_Palace" title="Golestan Palace">Golestan Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gonbad-e_Qabus_(tower)" title="Gonbad-e Qabus (tower)">Gonbad-e Qabus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jameh_Mosque_of_Isfahan" title="Jameh Mosque of Isfahan">Jameh Mosque of Isfahan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naqsh-e_Jahan_Square" title="Naqsh-e Jahan Square">Naqsh-e Jahan Square</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Pasargadae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persepolis" title="Persepolis">Persepolis</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Persian_gardens" title="Persian gardens">Persian gardens</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pasargadae_Persian_Garden&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pasargadae Persian Garden (page does not exist)">Pasargadae</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Chehel_Sotoun" title="Chehel Sotoun">Chehel Sotoun</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Fin_Garden" title="Fin Garden">Fin</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Eram_Garden" title="Eram Garden">Eram</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Shazdeh_Garden" title="Shazdeh Garden">Shazdeh</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dolatabad_Garden&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dolatabad Garden (page does not exist)">Dolatabad</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abbasabad_Garden&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abbasabad Garden (page does not exist)">Abbasabad</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Akbarieh_Garden" title="Akbarieh Garden">Akbarieh</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pahlevanpour_Garden&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pahlevanpour Garden (page does not exist)">Pahlevanpour</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shahr-e_Sukhteh" title="Shahr-e Sukhteh">Shahr-e Sukhteh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Safi_al-Din_Kh%C4%81neg%C4%81h_and_Shrine_Ensemble" title="Sheikh Safi al-Din Khānegāh and Shrine Ensemble">Sheikh Safi's Tomb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dome_of_Soltaniyeh" title="Dome of Soltaniyeh">Dome of Soltaniyeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shushtar_Historical_Hydraulic_System" title="Shushtar Historical Hydraulic System">Shushtar Historical Hydraulic System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susa" title="Susa">Susa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bazaar_of_Tabriz" title="Bazaar of Tabriz">Bazaar of Tabriz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takht-e_Soleym%C4%81n" title="Takht-e Soleymān">Takht-e Soleymān</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Persian_Qanat" class="mw-redirect" title="Persian Qanat">Persian Qanat</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Qanats_of_Ghasabeh" title="Qanats of Ghasabeh">Ghasabeh</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Qanats_of_Baladeh_Ferdows" title="Qanats of Baladeh Ferdows">Baladeh</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zarch_qanat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zarch qanat (page does not exist)">Zarch</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hassan_Abad_Moshir_qanat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hassan Abad Moshir qanat (page does not exist)">Hassan Abad Moshir</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Goharriz_qanat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Goharriz qanat (page does not exist)">Goharriz</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Akbarabad_qanat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Akbarabad qanat (page does not exist)">Akbarabad</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ghasemabad_qanat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ghasemabad qanat (page does not exist)">Ghasemabad</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moun_qanat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Moun qanat (page does not exist)">Moun</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vazvan_qanat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vazvan qanat (page does not exist)">Vazvan</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mozdabad_qanat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mozdabad qanat (page does not exist)">Mozdabad</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ebrahimabad_qanat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ebrahimabad qanat (page does not exist)">Ebrahimabad</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yazd" title="Yazd">Historic city of Yazd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sassanid_Archaeological_Landscape_of_Fars_Region" title="Sassanid Archaeological Landscape of Fars Region">Sassanid Archaeological Landscape of Fars Region</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Qal%27eh_Dokhtar" title="Qal'eh Dokhtar">Qal'eh Dokhtar</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ardashir_Investiture_Relief&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ardashir Investiture Relief (page does not exist)">Ardashir Investiture Relief</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Victory_Relief_of_Ardashir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Victory Relief of Ardashir (page does not exist)">Victory Relief of Ardashir</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ardashir_Khurreh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ardashir Khurreh (page does not exist)">Ardashir Khurreh</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Palace_of_Ardashir" title="Palace of Ardashir">Palace of Ardashir</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">City of <a href="/wiki/Bishapur" title="Bishapur">Bishapur</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Colossal_Statue_of_Shapur_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Colossal Statue of Shapur I">Colossal Statue of Shapur I</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Shapur_cave" title="Shapur cave">Shapur cave</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Sarvestan_Palace" title="Sarvestan Palace">Sarvestan Palace</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trans-Iranian_Railway" title="Trans-Iranian Railway">Trans-Iranian Railway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_Landscape_of_Uramanat" title="Cultural Landscape of Uramanat">Cultural Landscape of Uramanat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Persian_Caravanserai" title="The Persian Caravanserai">The Persian Caravanserai</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Iran.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Iran"><img alt="Flag of Iran" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/40px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/60px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/80px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="630" data-file-height="360" /></a><figcaption>Flag of Iran</figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Natural</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dasht-e_Loot" class="mw-redirect" title="Dasht-e Loot">Lut Desert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caspian_Hyrcanian_mixed_forests" class="mw-redirect" title="Caspian Hyrcanian mixed forests">Hyrcanian Forests</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Iranian_architecture" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Iranian_architecture" title="Template:Iranian architecture"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Iranian_architecture" title="Template talk:Iranian architecture"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Iranian_architecture" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Iranian architecture"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Iranian_architecture" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Iranian_architecture" title="Iranian architecture">Iranian architecture</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Periods</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pre-Islamic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Achaemenid_architecture" title="Achaemenid architecture">Achaemenid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parthian_style" title="Parthian style">Parthian style</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sasanian_architecture" title="Sasanian architecture">Sasanian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Islamic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_architecture" title="Islamic architecture">Early Islamic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Seljuk_architecture" title="Great Seljuk architecture">Seljuk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_architecture#Ilkhanid_architecture" title="Iranian architecture">Ilkhanid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timurid_architecture" title="Timurid architecture">Timurid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safavid_art" title="Safavid art">Safavid</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Perspolis.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Perspolis.jpg/90px-Perspolis.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="119" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Perspolis.jpg/135px-Perspolis.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Perspolis.jpg/180px-Perspolis.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2312" data-file-height="3065" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Types</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bazaar" title="Bazaar">Bazaars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caravanserai" title="Caravanserai">Caravanserais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khanqah" class="mw-redirect" title="Khanqah">Khaneqah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mosque" title="Mosque">Mosques</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takyeh" title="Takyeh">Takyeh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Elements</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ab_anbar" title="Ab anbar">Ab anbar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andaruni" title="Andaruni">Andaruni</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biruni_(Persian_architecture)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Biruni (Persian architecture) (page does not exist)">Biruni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tower" title="Tower">Burj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chahartaq_(architecture)" title="Chahartaq (architecture)">Chahartaq</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dalan_e_Vorudi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dalan e Vorudi (page does not exist)">Dalan e Vorudi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gonbad" class="mw-redirect" title="Gonbad">Gonbad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hashti" title="Hashti">Hashti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howz" title="Howz">Howz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imamzadeh" title="Imamzadeh">Imamzadeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iwan" title="Iwan">Iwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qanat#Iran" title="Qanat">Kariz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kucheh" title="Kucheh">Kucheh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panjdari" title="Panjdari">Panjdari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persian_gardens" title="Persian gardens">Persian Garden (<i>hayāt</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qanat" title="Qanat">Qanat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sahn" title="Sahn">Sahn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shabestan" title="Shabestan">Shabestan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talar" title="Talar">Talar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windcatcher" title="Windcatcher">Windcatchers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yakhch%C4%81l" title="Yakhchāl">Yakhchāl</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Traditional cities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amol" title="Amol">Amol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andijan" title="Andijan">Andijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baku" title="Baku">Baku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bam,_Iran" title="Bam, Iran">Bam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bukhara" title="Bukhara">Bukhara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ctesiphon" title="Ctesiphon">Ctesiphon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derbent" title="Derbent">Derbent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganja,_Azerbaijan" title="Ganja, Azerbaijan">Ganja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gur-e-Amir" title="Gur-e-Amir">Gur-e-Amir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hatra" title="Hatra">Hatra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herat" title="Herat">Herat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isfahan" title="Isfahan">Isfahan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kashan" title="Kashan">Kashan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kashmar" title="Kashmar">Kashmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khiva" title="Khiva">Khiva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khorramabad" title="Khorramabad">Khorramabad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mashhad" title="Mashhad">Mashhad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merv" title="Merv">Merv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nakhchivan_(city)" title="Nakhchivan (city)">Nakhchivan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nishapur" title="Nishapur">Nishapur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persepolis" title="Persepolis">Persepolis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qazvin" title="Qazvin">Qazvin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qom" title="Qom">Qom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samarkand" title="Samarkand">Samarkand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shahrisabz" title="Shahrisabz">Shahrisabz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shiraz" title="Shiraz">Shiraz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susa" title="Susa">Susa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tabriz" title="Tabriz">Tabriz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takht-e_Soleym%C4%81n" title="Takht-e Soleymān">Takht-e Soleymān</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_Tehran" title="Architecture of Tehran">Tehran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yazd" title="Yazd">Yazd</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Theory and analysis</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_architecture" title="Islamic architecture">Islamic architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Persian_residential_architecture" title="Traditional Persian residential architecture">Traditional Persian residential architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_water_sources_of_Persian_antiquity" title="Traditional water sources of Persian antiquity">Traditional water sources of Persian antiquity</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Architects_of_Iran" title="Architects of Iran">Architects of Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Castles_in_Iran" title="Category:Castles in Iran"><i>Arg</i>s, castles, and <i>ghal'eh</i>s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ab_anbars_of_Qazvin" title="List of ab anbars of Qazvin">List of ab anbars of Qazvin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mosques_in_Iran" title="List of mosques in Iran">List of mosques</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ziyarat#Iran" title="Ziyarat">List of ziyarat-gahs</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pasargadae&oldid=1254868285">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pasargadae&oldid=1254868285</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div 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