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class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--disclaimers" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-mw="interface"> Disclaimers </a></li> </ul> </div><label class="main-menu-mask" for="main-menu-input"></label> </nav> <div class="branding-box"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Main_Page?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB"> <img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" alt="Wikipedia" width="120" height="18" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> </a> </div> <form action="/w/index.php" method="get" class="minerva-search-form"> <div class="search-box"><input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> <input class="search skin-minerva-search-trigger" id="searchInput" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"> </div><button id="searchIcon" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet skin-minerva-search-trigger"> Search </button> </form> <nav class="minerva-user-navigation" aria-label="User navigation"> </nav> </div> </header> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <div class="banner-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="pre-content heading-holder"> <div class="page-heading"> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Iowa</h1> <div class="tagline"></div> </div> <ul id="p-associated-pages" class="minerva__tab-container"> <li class="minerva__tab selected"><a class="minerva__tab-text" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" rel="" data-event-name="tabs.subject">Article</a></li> <li class="minerva__tab "><a class="minerva__tab-text" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Talk:Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" rel="discussion" 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menu__item--page-actions-watch"> Watch </a></li> <li id="page-actions-edit" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"><a role="button" id="ca-edit" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Iowa&action=edit&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-event-name="menu.edit" data-mw="interface" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet edit-page menu__item--page-actions-edit"> Edit </a></li> </ul> </nav> <div id="mw-content-subtitle"> <div id="mw-fr-revision-messages"> <div class="cdx-message mw-fr-message-box cdx-message--inline cdx-message--notice mw-fr-mobile-message-inline"> <div class="cdx-message__content"> This is the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikipedia:Pending_changes?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wikipedia:Pending changes">latest accepted revision</a>, <a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DSpecial:Log%26type%3Dreview%26page%3DIowa">reviewed</a> on 23 November 2024. </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="content"> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"> <script>function mfTempOpenSection(id){var block=document.getElementById("mf-section-"+id);block.className+=" open-block";block.previousSibling.className+=" open-block";}</script> <div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section class="mf-section-0" id="mf-section-0"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> This article is about the U.S. state. For the river, see <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa_River?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iowa River">Iowa River</a>. For the indigenous people, see <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa_people?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iowa people">Iowa people</a>. For other uses, see <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa_(disambiguation)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-disambig" title="Iowa (disambiguation)">Iowa (disambiguation)</a>. </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style> Iowa (<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Help:IPA/English?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Help:IPA/English">/ˈaɪ.əwə/</a> <span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="ext-phonos-PhonosButton noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/8\/8d\/En-us-Iowa.ogg\/En-us-Iowa.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"En-us-Iowa.ogg"},"classes":["ext-phonos-PhonosButton","noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8d/En-us-Iowa.ogg/En-us-Iowa.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"></a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:En-us-Iowa.ogg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="File:En-us-Iowa.ogg">ⓘ</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key">EYE-ə-wə</a>)<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-7">[6]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-8">[7]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-9">[8]</a> is a <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._state?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="U.S. state">state</a> in the upper <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Midwestern_United_States?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Midwestern United States">Midwestern</a> region of the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/United_States?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="United States">United States</a>. It borders the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mississippi_River?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mississippi River">Mississippi River</a> to the east and the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Missouri_River?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Missouri River">Missouri River</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Big_Sioux_River?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Big Sioux River">Big Sioux River</a> to the west; <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wisconsin?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a> to the northeast, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Illinois?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Illinois">Illinois</a> to the east and southeast, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Missouri?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Missouri">Missouri</a> to the south, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nebraska?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Nebraska">Nebraska</a> to the west, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/South_Dakota?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="South Dakota">South Dakota</a> to the northwest, and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Minnesota?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Minnesota">Minnesota</a> to the north. <table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"> <tbody> <tr> <th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"> <div class="fn org"> Iowa </div> <div class="nickname ib-settlement-native"> Ayúȟwa (<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lakota_language?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lakota language">Lakota</a>) </div></th> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"> <div class="category"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._state?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="U.S. state">State</a> </div></td> </tr> <tr class="mergedtoprow ib-settlement-official"> <td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">State of Iowa</td> </tr> <tr class="mergedtoprow"> <td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1028600610">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Flag_of_Iowa.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Iowa"><img alt="Flag of Iowa" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Iowa.svg/125px-Flag_of_Iowa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="84" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Iowa.svg/188px-Flag_of_Iowa.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Iowa.svg/250px-Flag_of_Iowa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="714" data-file-height="477"></a> <div class="ib-settlement-caption-link"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Flag_of_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Flag of Iowa">Flag</a> </div> </div> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:State_seal_of_Iowa.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Official seal of Iowa"><img alt="Official seal of Iowa" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/State_seal_of_Iowa.svg/99px-State_seal_of_Iowa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="99" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/State_seal_of_Iowa.svg/149px-State_seal_of_Iowa.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/State_seal_of_Iowa.svg/199px-State_seal_of_Iowa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="743" data-file-height="748"></a> <div class="ib-settlement-caption-link"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Seal_of_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Seal of Iowa">Seal</a> </div> </div> </div> </div></td> </tr> <tr class="mergedtoprow"> <td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_and_territory_nicknames?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="List of U.S. state and territory nicknames">Nickname</a>:  <div class="ib-settlement-nickname nickname"> Hawkeye State </div></td> </tr> <tr class="mergedrow"> <td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_and_territory_mottos?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="List of U.S. state and territory mottos">Motto(s)</a>:  <div class="ib-settlement-nickname nickname"> Our liberties we prize and our rights we will maintain<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-1">[1]</a> </div></td> </tr> <tr class="mergedrow"> <td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_songs?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="List of U.S. state songs">Anthem:</a> "<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/The_Song_of_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="The Song of Iowa">The Song of Iowa</a>" <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"> <audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" style="width:220px;" data-durationhint="45" data-mwtitle=""O_Tannenbaum".ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"> <source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a0/%22O_Tannenbaum%22.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a0/%22O_Tannenbaum%22.ogg/%22O_Tannenbaum%22.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3A%22O_Tannenbaum%22.ogg&lang=en&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="en" label="English ‪(en)‬" data-dir="ltr"> </audio> <figcaption></figcaption> </figure></td> </tr> <tr class="mergedtoprow"> <td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Iowa_in_United_States.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Map of the United States with Iowa highlighted"><img alt="Map of the United States with Iowa highlighted" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Iowa_in_United_States.svg/300px-Iowa_in_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="186" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Iowa_in_United_States.svg/450px-Iowa_in_United_States.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Iowa_in_United_States.svg/600px-Iowa_in_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1181" data-file-height="731"></a> <div class="ib-settlement-caption"> Map of the United States with Iowa highlighted </div></td> </tr> <tr class="mergedtoprow"> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th> <td class="infobox-data"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/United_States?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="United States">United States</a></td> </tr> <tr class="mergedrow"> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/List_of_U.S._states_by_date_of_admission_to_the_Union?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="List of U.S. states by date of admission to the Union">Admitted to the Union</a></th> <td class="infobox-data">December 28, 1846 (29th)</td> </tr> <tr class="mergedtoprow"> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/List_of_capitals_in_the_United_States?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="List of capitals in the United States">Capital</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style>(<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/List_of_largest_cities_of_U.S._states_and_territories_by_population?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="List of largest cities of U.S. states and territories by population">and largest city</a>)</th> <td class="infobox-data"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Des_Moines,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Des Moines, Iowa">Des Moines</a></td> </tr> <tr class="mergedrow"> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/List_of_the_most_populous_counties_by_U.S._state?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="List of the most populous counties by U.S. state">Largest county or equivalent</a></th> <td class="infobox-data"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Polk_County,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Polk County, Iowa">Polk</a></td> </tr> <tr class="mergedrow"> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Statistical_area_(United_States)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Statistical area (United States)">Largest metro</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/List_of_United_States_urban_areas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="List of United States urban areas">urban</a> areas</th> <td class="infobox-data"> <ul> <li>Des Moines: 846,068 (CSA)</li> <li>Davenport (Quad Cities): 474,019 (CSA)</li> <li>Cedar Rapids: 276,520 (MSA)</li> <li>Waterloo-Cedar Falls: 163,706 (MSA)</li> <li>Iowa City: 152,854 (MSA)</li> <li>Sioux City: 149,940 (MSA)</li> <li>Dubuque: 99,266 (MSA)</li> <li>Omaha (Nebraska)/Council Bluffs: 967,604</li> </ul></td> </tr> <tr class="mergedtoprow"> <th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government <div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th> </tr> <tr class="mergedrow"> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Governor_of_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor of Iowa">Governor</a></th> <td class="infobox-data"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kim_Reynolds?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kim Reynolds">Kim Reynolds</a> (<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Republican Party (United States)">R</a>)</td> </tr> <tr class="mergedrow"> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lieutenant_Governor_of_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Lieutenant Governor of Iowa">Lieutenant governor</a></th> <td class="infobox-data"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amy_Sinclair?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amy Sinclair">Amy Sinclair</a> (acting) (R)</td> </tr> <tr class="mergedrow"> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Legislature?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Legislature">Legislature</a></th> <td class="infobox-data"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa_General_Assembly?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iowa General Assembly">General Assembly</a></td> </tr> <tr class="mergedrow"> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Upper_house?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Upper house">Upper house</a></th> <td class="infobox-data"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa_Senate?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iowa Senate">Senate</a></td> </tr> <tr class="mergedrow"> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lower_house?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lower house">Lower house</a></th> <td class="infobox-data"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa_House_of_Representatives?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iowa House of Representatives">House of Representatives</a></td> </tr> <tr class="mergedrow"> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Judiciary?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Judiciary">Judiciary</a></th> <td class="infobox-data"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa_Supreme_Court?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iowa Supreme Court">Iowa Supreme Court</a></td> </tr> <tr class="mergedrow"> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="List of United States senators from Iowa">U.S. senators</a></th> <td class="infobox-data"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Chuck_Grassley?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Chuck Grassley">Chuck Grassley</a> (R) <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Joni_Ernst?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Joni Ernst">Joni Ernst</a> (R)</td> </tr> <tr class="mergedrow"> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="List of United States representatives from Iowa">U.S. House delegation</a></th> <td class="infobox-data"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa%27s_1st_congressional_district?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iowa's 1st congressional district">1</a>: <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mariannette_Miller-Meeks?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mariannette Miller-Meeks">Mariannette Miller-Meeks</a> (R) <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa%27s_2nd_congressional_district?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iowa's 2nd congressional district">2</a>: <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ashley_Hinson?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ashley Hinson">Ashley Hinson</a> (R) <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa%27s_3rd_congressional_district?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iowa's 3rd congressional district">3</a>: <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Zach_Nunn?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Zach Nunn">Zach Nunn</a> (R) <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa%27s_4th_congressional_district?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iowa's 4th congressional district">4</a>: <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Randy_Feenstra?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Randy Feenstra">Randy Feenstra</a> (R) (<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/United_States_congressional_delegations_from_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="United States congressional delegations from Iowa">list</a>)</td> </tr> <tr class="mergedtoprow"> <th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area <div class="ib-settlement-fn"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-2">[2]</a> </div></th> </tr> <tr class="mergedrow"> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> <div style="white-space:nowrap;">  • Total </div></th> <td class="infobox-data">56,273 sq mi (145,746 km2)</td> </tr> <tr class="mergedrow"> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Land</th> <td class="infobox-data">55,857 sq mi (144,669 km2)</td> </tr> <tr class="mergedrow"> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Water</th> <td class="infobox-data">416 sq mi (1,077 km2)  0.70%</td> </tr> <tr class="mergedrow"> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Rank</th> <td class="infobox-data"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/List_of_U.S._states_and_territories_by_area?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="List of U.S. states and territories by area">26th</a></td> </tr> <tr class="mergedtoprow"> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Elevation <div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th> <td class="infobox-data">1,120 ft (340 m)</td> </tr> <tr class="mergedrow"> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Highest elevation <div class="ib-settlement-fn"> (<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hawkeye_Point?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hawkeye Point">Hawkeye Point</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-USGS-3">[3]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-NAVD88-4">[a]</a>) </div></th> <td class="infobox-data">1,670 ft (509 m)</td> </tr> <tr class="mergedtoprow"> <th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population <div class="ib-settlement-fn">  (2022) </div></th> </tr> <tr class="mergedrow"> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> <div style="white-space:nowrap;">  • Total </div></th> <td class="infobox-data">3,190,369<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-5">[4]</a></td> </tr> <tr class="mergedrow"> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Rank</th> <td class="infobox-data"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/List_of_U.S._states_and_territories_by_population?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="List of U.S. states and territories by population">30th</a></td> </tr> <tr class="mergedrow"> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Density</th> <td class="infobox-data">57.1/sq mi (22.1/km2)</td> </tr> <tr class="mergedrow"> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label">  • Rank</th> <td class="infobox-data"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/List_of_states_and_territories_of_the_United_States_by_population_density?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="List of states and territories of the United States by population density">36th</a></td> </tr> <tr class="mergedrow"> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Household_income_in_the_United_States?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Household income in the United States">Median household income</a> <div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th> <td class="infobox-data">$61,691<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-6">[5]</a></td> </tr> <tr class="mergedrow"> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Income rank <div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th> <td class="infobox-data"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/List_of_U.S._states_and_territories_by_income?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#States_and_territories_ranked_by_median_household_income" title="List of U.S. states and territories by income">30th</a></td> </tr> <tr class="mergedtoprow"> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Demonym?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Demonym">Demonym</a></th> <td class="infobox-data">Iowan</td> </tr> <tr class="mergedtoprow"> <th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Language <div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th> </tr> <tr class="mergedrow"> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Languages_of_the_United_States?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Languages of the United States">Official language</a></th> <td class="infobox-data">English</td> </tr> <tr class="mergedtoprow"> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Time_zone?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th> <td class="infobox-data"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/UTC%E2%88%9206:00?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="UTC−06:00">UTC−06:00</a> (<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Central_Time_Zone_(North_America)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Central Time Zone (North America)">Central</a>)</td> </tr> <tr class="mergedrow"> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Summer (<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Daylight_saving_time?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Daylight saving time">DST</a>)</th> <td class="infobox-data"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/UTC%E2%88%9205:00?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="UTC−05:00">UTC−05:00</a> (<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Central_Daylight_Time?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Central Daylight Time">CDT</a>)</td> </tr> <tr class="mergedtoprow"> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_and_territory_abbreviations?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="List of U.S. state and territory abbreviations">USPS abbreviation</a></th> <td class="infobox-data adr"> <div class="postal-code"> IA </div></td> </tr> <tr class="mergedrow"> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISO_3166?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ISO 3166">ISO 3166 code</a></th> <td class="infobox-data nickname"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISO_3166-2:US?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ISO 3166-2:US">US-IA</a></td> </tr> <tr class="mergedtoprow"> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th> <td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://iowa.gov">iowa.gov</a></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1141396924">.mw-parser-output .ib-region-symbols-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-region-symbols-none{float:none;clear:none;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-region-symbols-center{float:none;clear:none;margin:0.5em auto}.mw-parser-output .ib-region-symbols .infobox-title{font-size:120%}.mw-parser-output .ib-region-symbols .infobox-subheader{font-weight:bold;background-color:#cddeff}.mw-parser-output .ib-region-symbols-island{font-weight:bold;background-color:#cef2e0}</style> <table class="infobox ib-region-symbols"> <caption class="infobox-title"> State symbols of Iowa </caption> <tbody> <tr> <th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:85%; white-space:nowrap;"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/List_of_Iowa_state_symbols?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="List of Iowa state symbols">List of state symbols</a></th> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Flag_of_Iowa.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Iowa.svg/250px-Flag_of_Iowa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Iowa.svg/375px-Flag_of_Iowa.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Iowa.svg/500px-Flag_of_Iowa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="714" data-file-height="477"></a> <div class="infobox-caption"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Flag_of_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Flag of Iowa">Flag of Iowa</a> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:State_seal_of_Iowa.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/State_seal_of_Iowa.svg/150px-State_seal_of_Iowa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/State_seal_of_Iowa.svg/225px-State_seal_of_Iowa.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/State_seal_of_Iowa.svg/300px-State_seal_of_Iowa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="743" data-file-height="748"></a> <div class="infobox-caption"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Seal_of_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Seal of Iowa">Seal of Iowa</a> </div></td> </tr> <tr class="mergedrow"> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_birds?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="List of U.S. state birds">Bird</a></th> <td class="infobox-data"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/American_goldfinch?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="American goldfinch">Eastern goldfinch</a></td> </tr> <tr class="mergedrow"> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_and_territory_flowers?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="List of U.S. state and territory flowers">Flower</a></th> <td class="infobox-data"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Rosa_arkansana?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Rosa arkansana">Prairie rose</a></td> </tr> <tr class="mergedrow"> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_and_territory_trees?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="List of U.S. state and territory trees">Tree</a></th> <td class="infobox-data"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bur_Oak?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Bur Oak">Bur Oak</a></td> </tr> <tr class="mergedrow"> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_minerals,_rocks,_stones_and_gemstones?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="List of U.S. state minerals, rocks, stones and gemstones">Rock</a></th> <td class="infobox-data"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Geode?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Geode">Geode</a></td> </tr> <tr class="mergedtoprow"> <th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top:#aaa 1px solid"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Numbered_highways_in_the_United_States?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#State_highways" title="Numbered highways in the United States">State route marker</a></th> </tr> <tr class="mergedrow"> <td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Iowa_3.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Route marker"><img alt="Route marker" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Iowa_3.svg/85px-Iowa_3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="85" height="85" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Iowa_3.svg/128px-Iowa_3.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Iowa_3.svg/170px-Iowa_3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="601" data-file-height="601"></a></td> </tr> <tr class="mergedtoprow"> <th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top:#aaa 1px solid"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/50_State_quarters?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="50 State quarters">State quarter</a></th> </tr> <tr class="mergedrow"> <td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:2004_IA_Proof.png?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Iowa quarter dollar coin"><img alt="Iowa quarter dollar coin" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/2004_IA_Proof.png/85px-2004_IA_Proof.png" decoding="async" width="85" height="85" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/2004_IA_Proof.png/127px-2004_IA_Proof.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/2004_IA_Proof.png/169px-2004_IA_Proof.png 2x" data-file-width="1105" data-file-height="1110"></a> <div> Released in 2004 </div></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top:#aaa 1px solid"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lists_of_United_States_state_symbols?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lists of United States state symbols">Lists of United States state symbols</a></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> Iowa is the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/List_of_U.S._states_and_territories_by_area?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="List of U.S. states and territories by area">26th largest</a> in total area and the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/List_of_U.S._states_and_territories_by_population?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="List of U.S. states and territories by population">31st most populous</a> of the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/List_of_states_and_territories_of_the_United_States?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="List of states and territories of the United States">50 U.S. states</a>, with a population of 3.19 million.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-10">[9]</a> The state's <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/List_of_capitals_in_the_United_States?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="List of capitals in the United States">capital</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="List of cities in Iowa">most populous city</a>, and largest <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/List_of_metropolitan_statistical_areas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="List of metropolitan statistical areas">metropolitan area</a> fully located within the state is <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Des_Moines,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Des Moines, Iowa">Des Moines</a>. A portion of the larger <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Omaha%E2%80%93Council_Bluffs_metropolitan_area?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Omaha–Council Bluffs metropolitan area">Omaha, Nebraska, metropolitan area</a> extends into three counties of southwest Iowa.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-msapop-11">[10]</a> Other metropolitan statistical areas in Iowa include <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa_City,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iowa City, Iowa">Iowa City</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cedar_Rapids,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cedar Rapids, Iowa">Cedar Rapids</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Waterloo_%E2%80%93_Cedar_Falls_metropolitan_area?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Waterloo – Cedar Falls metropolitan area">Waterloo-Cedar Falls</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ames,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ames, Iowa">Ames</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dubuque,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dubuque, Iowa">Dubuque</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sioux_City,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sioux City, Iowa">Sioux City</a>, and the Iowa portion of the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Quad_Cities?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Quad Cities">Quad Cities</a>. Iowa is home to 940 small towns, though its population is increasingly urbanized as small communities and rural areas decline in population.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-12">[11]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-:2-13">[12]</a> During the 18th and early 19th centuries, Iowa was a part of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Louisiana_(New_France)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Louisiana (New France)">French Louisiana</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Louisiana_(New_Spain)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Louisiana (New Spain)">Spanish Louisiana</a>; its <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Flag_of_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Flag of Iowa">state flag</a> is patterned after the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Flag_of_France?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Flag of France">flag of France</a>. After the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Louisiana_Purchase?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Louisiana Purchase">Louisiana Purchase</a>, pioneers laid the foundation for an agriculture-based economy in the heart of the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Corn_Belt?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Corn Belt">Corn Belt</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-14">[13]</a> In the latter half of the 20th century, Iowa's agricultural economy began to transition to a diversified economy of advanced manufacturing, processing, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Financial_services?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Financial services">financial services</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Information_technology?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Information technology">information technology</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Biotechnology?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Biotechnology">biotechnology</a>, and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sustainable_energy?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sustainable energy">green energy</a> production.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-iaindustries-15">[14]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-energy.iastate.edu-16">[15]</a> Politically, Iowa is notable for the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa_caucuses?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iowa caucuses">Iowa Caucuses</a>, an influential event in national politics, as well as its high levels of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Voter_turnout_in_United_States_presidential_elections?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Voter turnout in United States presidential elections">voter turnout</a> and foundational leadership in civil rights including early adoption or support of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Black_suffrage?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Black suffrage">black suffrage</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Women%27s_rights?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Women's rights">women's rights</a>, and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Same-sex_marriage?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Same-sex marriage">same-sex marriage</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-17">[16]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-18">[17]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-19">[18]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-20">[19]</a> Iowa's standard of living is ranked among the best states and it performs highly on metrics such as governance, education, infrastructure, and safety.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-21">[20]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-22">[21]</a> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"> <input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"> <div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label> </div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Etymology">1 Etymology</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#History">2 History</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Prehistory">2.1 Prehistory</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Early_colonization_and_trade,_1673%E2%80%931808">2.2 Early colonization and trade, 1673–1808</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#War_of_1812_and_unstable_U.S._control">2.3 War of 1812 and unstable U.S. control</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Indian_removal,_1814%E2%80%931832">2.4 Indian removal, 1814–1832</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-7"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#U.S._settlement_and_statehood,_1832%E2%80%931860">2.5 U.S. settlement and statehood, 1832–1860</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-8"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Civil_War,_1861%E2%80%931865">2.6 Civil War, 1861–1865</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-9"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Agricultural_expansion,_1865%E2%80%931930">2.7 Agricultural expansion, 1865–1930</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-10"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Depression,_World_War_II_and_manufacturing,_1930%E2%80%931985">2.8 Depression, World War II and manufacturing, 1930–1985</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-11"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Reemergence_as_a_mixed_economy,_1985%E2%80%93present">2.9 Reemergence as a mixed economy, 1985–present</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-12"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Geography">3 Geography</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-13"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Boundaries">3.1 Boundaries</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-14"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Geology_and_terrain">3.2 Geology and terrain</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-15"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Ecology_and_environment">3.3 Ecology and environment</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-16"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Climate">3.4 Climate</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-17"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Precipitation">3.4.1 Precipitation</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-18"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Settlements">3.5 Settlements</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-19"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Demographics">4 Demographics</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-20"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Population">4.1 Population</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-21"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Birth_data">4.2 Birth data</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-22"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Religion">4.3 Religion</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-23"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Language">4.4 Language</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-24"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Attractions">5 Attractions</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-25"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Central_Iowa">5.1 Central Iowa</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-26"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Eastern_Iowa">5.2 Eastern Iowa</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-27"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Western_Iowa">5.3 Western Iowa</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-28"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Northeast_and_Northern_Iowa">5.4 Northeast and Northern Iowa</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-29"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Statewide">5.5 Statewide</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-30"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Economy">6 Economy</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-31"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Manufacturing">6.1 Manufacturing</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-32"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Agriculture">6.2 Agriculture</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-33"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Health_insurance">6.3 Health insurance</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-34"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Other_sectors">6.4 Other sectors</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-35"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Taxation">6.5 Taxation</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-36"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Education">7 Education</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-37"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Primary_and_secondary_schools">7.1 Primary and secondary schools</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-38"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Colleges_and_universities">7.2 Colleges and universities</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-39"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Transportation">8 Transportation</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-40"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Interstate_highways">8.1 Interstate highways</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-41"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Airports_with_scheduled_flights">8.2 Airports with scheduled flights</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-42"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Railroads">8.3 Railroads</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-43"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Public_Transit">8.4 Public Transit</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-44"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Law_and_government">9 Law and government</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-45"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#State">9.1 State</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-46"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#National">9.2 National</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-47"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Political_parties">9.3 Political parties</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-48"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Voter_trends">9.4 Voter trends</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-49"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Presidential_caucus">9.5 Presidential caucus</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-50"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Civil_rights">9.6 Civil rights</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-51"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Racial_equality">9.6.1 Racial equality</a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-52"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Women's_rights">9.6.2 Women's rights</a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-53"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#LGBT_rights">9.6.3 LGBT rights</a></li> </ul></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-54"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Culture">10 Culture</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-55"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Arts">10.1 Arts</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-56"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Sports">10.2 Sports</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-57"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#College_sports">10.2.1 College sports</a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-58"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Baseball">10.2.2 Baseball</a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-59"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Ice_hockey">10.2.3 Ice hockey</a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-60"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Soccer">10.2.4 Soccer</a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-61"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Other_sports">10.2.5 Other sports</a></li> </ul></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-62"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Sister_jurisdictions">11 Sister jurisdictions</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-63"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#See_also">12 See also</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-64"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Notes">13 Notes</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-65"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#References">14 References</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-66"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#External_links">15 External links</a></li> </ul> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"> <h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Iowa&action=edit&section=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Etymology" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> Like <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/List_of_state_and_territory_name_etymologies_of_the_United_States?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="List of state and territory name etymologies of the United States">many other states</a>, Iowa takes its name from its predecessor, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa_Territory?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iowa Territory">Iowa Territory</a>, whose name in turn is derived from the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa_River?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iowa River">Iowa River</a>, and ultimately from the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ethnonym?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ethnonym">ethnonym</a> of the indigenous <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ioway_people?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Ioway people">Ioway people</a>. The Ioway are a <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Chiwere_language?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Chiwere language">Chiwere</a>-speaking <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sioux?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sioux">Siouan Nation</a>, who were once part of the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ho-Chunk?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ho-Chunk">Ho-Chunk</a> Confederation that inhabited the area now corresponding to several <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Midwest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Midwest">Midwest</a> states. The Ioway were one of the many <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Indigenous peoples of the Americas">Native American</a> nations whose territory comprised the future state of Iowa before the time of European colonization.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-23">[22]</a> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"> <h2 id="History">History</h2> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Iowa&action=edit&section=2&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: History" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> Main article: <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/History_of_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="History of Iowa">History of Iowa</a> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> See also: <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/American_Indians_of_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="American Indians of Iowa">American Indians of Iowa</a> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Prehistory">Prehistory</h3> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Iowa&action=edit&section=3&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Prehistory" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> Main articles: <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa_archaeology?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Iowa archaeology">Iowa archaeology</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/American_Indians_of_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="American Indians of Iowa">American Indians of Iowa</a> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Iowa_archaeology_edgewater.JPG?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Iowa_archaeology_edgewater.JPG/220px-Iowa_archaeology_edgewater.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 165px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Iowa_archaeology_edgewater.JPG/220px-Iowa_archaeology_edgewater.JPG" data-width="220" data-height="165" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Iowa_archaeology_edgewater.JPG/330px-Iowa_archaeology_edgewater.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Iowa_archaeology_edgewater.JPG/440px-Iowa_archaeology_edgewater.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> Excavation of the 3,800-year-old <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Edgewater_Park_Site?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edgewater Park Site">Edgewater Park Site</a> </figcaption> </figure> When <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Indigenous peoples of the Americas">Indigenous peoples of the Americas</a> first arrived in what is now Iowa more than 13,000 years ago, they were hunters and gatherers living in a <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pleistocene?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pleistocene">Pleistocene</a> glacial landscape. By the time European explorers and traders visited Iowa, Native Americans were largely settled farmers with complex economic, social, and political systems. This transformation happened gradually. During the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Archaic_period_in_North_America?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Archaic period in North America">Archaic period</a> (10,500 to 2,800 years ago), Native Americans adapted to local environments and ecosystems, slowly becoming more sedentary as populations increased.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-iaarch-24">[23]</a> More than 3,000 years ago, during the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Late_Archaic_period?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Late Archaic period">Late Archaic period</a>, Native Americans in Iowa began utilizing domesticated plants. The subsequent <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Woodland_period?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Woodland period">Woodland period</a> saw an increased reliance on agriculture and social complexity, with increased use of mounds, ceramics, and specialized subsistence. During the Late Prehistoric period (beginning about AD 900) increased use of maize and social changes led to social flourishing and nucleated settlements.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-iaarch-24">[23]</a> The arrival of European trade goods and diseases in the Protohistoric period led to dramatic population shifts and economic and social upheaval, with the arrival of new tribes and early European explorers and traders. There were numerous native American tribes living in Iowa at the time of early European exploration. Tribes which were probably descendants of the prehistoric <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Oneota?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Oneota">Oneota</a> include the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sioux?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sioux">Dakota</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ho-Chunk?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ho-Chunk">Ho-Chunk</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ioway?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Ioway">Ioway</a>, and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Otoe_(tribe)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Otoe (tribe)">Otoe</a>. Tribes which arrived in Iowa in the late prehistoric or protohistoric periods include the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Illiniwek?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Illiniwek">Illiniwek</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Meskwaki?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Meskwaki">Meskwaki</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Omaha_(tribe)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Omaha (tribe)">Omaha</a>, and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sauk_people?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sauk people">Sauk</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-iaarch-24">[23]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Early_colonization_and_trade,_1673–1808">Early colonization and trade, 1673–1808</h3> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Iowa&action=edit&section=4&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Early colonization and trade, 1673–1808" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> Main articles: <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/New_France?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="New France">New France</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Louisiana_(New_France)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Louisiana (New France)">Louisiana (New France)</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/French_and_Indian_War?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="French and Indian War">French and Indian War</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Treaty_of_Paris_(1763)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Treaty of Paris (1763)">Treaty of Paris (1763)</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/New_Spain?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="New Spain">New Spain</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Louisiana_(New_Spain)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Louisiana (New Spain)">Louisiana (New Spain)</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Treaty_of_Aranjuez_(1801)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Treaty of Aranjuez (1801)">Treaty of Aranjuez (1801)</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Louisiana_Purchase?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Louisiana Purchase">Louisiana Purchase</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/District_of_Louisiana?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="District of Louisiana">District of Louisiana</a>, and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Louisiana_Territory?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Louisiana Territory">Louisiana Territory</a> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Iowa_1718.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Iowa_1718.jpg/310px-Iowa_1718.jpg" decoding="async" width="310" height="206" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1560" data-file-height="1039"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 310px;height: 206px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Iowa_1718.jpg/310px-Iowa_1718.jpg" data-width="310" data-height="206" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Iowa_1718.jpg/465px-Iowa_1718.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Iowa_1718.jpg/620px-Iowa_1718.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> Iowa in 1718 with the modern state area highlighted </figcaption> </figure> The first known European explorers to document Iowa were <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jacques_Marquette?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jacques Marquette">Jacques Marquette</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Louis_Jolliet?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Louis Jolliet">Louis Jolliet</a> who traveled the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mississippi_River?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mississippi River">Mississippi River</a> in 1673 documenting several Indigenous villages on the Iowa side.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-peterson2009-25">[24]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-26">[25]</a> The area of Iowa was claimed for France and remained a French territory until 1763. The French, before their impending defeat in the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/French_and_Indian_War?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="French and Indian War">French and Indian War</a>, transferred ownership to their ally, Spain.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-27">[26]</a> Spain practiced very loose control over the Iowa region, granting trading licenses to French and British traders, who established trading posts along the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mississippi_River?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mississippi River">Mississippi</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Des_Moines_River?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Des Moines River">Des Moines Rivers</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-peterson2009-25">[24]</a> Iowa was part of a territory known as <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Louisiana_(New_France)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Louisiana (New France)">La Louisiane</a> or <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Louisiana?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Louisiana">Louisiana</a>, and European traders were interested in lead and furs obtained by Indigenous people. The <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sauk_people?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sauk people">Sauk</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Meskwaki?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Meskwaki">Meskwaki</a> effectively controlled trade on the Mississippi in the late 18th century and early 19th century. Among the early traders on the Mississippi were <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Julien_Dubuque?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Julien Dubuque">Julien Dubuque</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ren%C3%A9-Robert_Cavelier,_Sieur_de_La_Salle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="René-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle">Robert de la Salle</a>, and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Paul_Marin_de_la_Malgue?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Paul Marin de la Malgue">Paul Marin</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-peterson2009-25">[24]</a> Along the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Missouri_River?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Missouri River">Missouri River</a> at least five French and English trading houses were built before 1808.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-carlson2009-28">[27]</a> In 1800, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Napoleon_Bonaparte?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Napoleon Bonaparte">Napoleon Bonaparte</a> took control of Louisiana from Spain in a <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Third_Treaty_of_San_Ildefonso?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Third Treaty of San Ildefonso">treaty</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-29">[28]</a> After the 1803 <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Louisiana_Purchase?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Louisiana Purchase">Louisiana Purchase</a>, Congress divided the Louisiana Purchase into two parts—the Territory of Orleans and the District of Louisiana, with present-day Iowa falling in the latter. The <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Indiana_Territory?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Indiana Territory">Indiana Territory</a>, created in 1800, exercised jurisdiction over this portion of the District; <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/William_Henry_Harrison?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="William Henry Harrison">William Henry Harrison</a> was its first governor. Much of Iowa was mapped by <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Zebulon_Pike?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Zebulon Pike">Zebulon Pike</a> in 1805,<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-30">[29]</a> but it was not until the construction of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fort_Madison,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Fort Madison, Iowa">Fort Madison</a> in 1808 that the U.S. established tenuous military control over the region.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-mckusick2009-31">[30]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="War_of_1812_and_unstable_U.S._control">War of 1812 and unstable U.S. control</h3> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Iowa&action=edit&section=5&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: War of 1812 and unstable U.S. control" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> Main article: <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Missouri_Territory?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Missouri Territory">Missouri Territory</a> </div> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fort_Madison,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Fort Madison, Iowa">Fort Madison</a> was built to control trade and establish U.S. dominance over the Upper Mississippi, but it was poorly designed and disliked by the Sauk and Meskwaki, many of whom allied with the British, who had not abandoned claims to the territory.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-mckusick2009-31">[30]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-32">[31]</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fort_Madison,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Fort Madison, Iowa">Fort Madison</a> was defeated by British-supported Indigenous people in 1813 during the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/War_of_1812?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="War of 1812">War of 1812</a>, and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fort_Shelby_(Wisconsin)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Fort Shelby (Wisconsin)">Fort Shelby</a> in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Prairie_du_Chien,_Wisconsin?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Prairie du Chien, Wisconsin">Prairie du Chien, Wisconsin</a>, also fell to the British. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Black_Hawk_(chief)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Black Hawk (chief)">Black Hawk</a> took part in the siege of Fort Madison.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-33">[32]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-34">[33]</a> Another small military outpost was established along the Mississippi River in present-day <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bellevue,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bellevue, Iowa">Bellevue</a>. This poorly situated stockade was similarly attacked by hundreds of Indigenous people in 1813, but was successfully defended and later abandoned until settlers returned to the area in the mid-1830s.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-35">[34]</a> After the war, the U.S. re-established control of the region through the construction of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fort_Armstrong,_Illinois?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Fort Armstrong, Illinois">Fort Armstrong</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fort_Snelling?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Fort Snelling">Fort Snelling</a> in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Minnesota?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Minnesota">Minnesota</a>, and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fort_Atkinson_(Nebraska)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Fort Atkinson (Nebraska)">Fort Atkinson</a> in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nebraska?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Nebraska">Nebraska</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-iowaforts-36">[35]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Indian_removal,_1814–1832">Indian removal, 1814–1832</h3> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Iowa&action=edit&section=6&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Indian removal, 1814–1832" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> See also: <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Indian_removal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Indian removal">Indian removal</a> </div> The United States encouraged settlement of the east side of the Mississippi and removal of Indians to the west.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-37">[36]</a> A disputed <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Treaty_of_St._Louis_(1804)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Treaty of St. Louis (1804)">1804 treaty</a> between <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Quashquame?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Quashquame">Quashquame</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/William_Henry_Harrison?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="William Henry Harrison">William Henry Harrison</a> (then governor of the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Indiana_Territory?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Indiana Territory">Indiana Territory</a>) that surrendered much of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Illinois?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Illinois">Illinois</a> to the U.S. enraged many Sauk and led to the 1832 <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Black_Hawk_War?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Black Hawk War">Black Hawk War</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Jung-38">[37]</a> The <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sauk_people?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sauk people">Sauk</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Meskwaki?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Meskwaki">Meskwaki</a> were forced to sell some of their land in the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mississippi_Valley?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Mississippi Valley">Mississippi Valley</a> to the U.S. in 1832 in the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Black_Hawk_Purchase?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Black Hawk Purchase">Black Hawk Purchase</a> Treaty<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-39">[38]</a> and sold their remaining land in Iowa in 1842, most of them moving to a reservation in Kansas.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Jung-38">[37]</a> In 1837, some the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Potawatomi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Potawatomi">Potawatomi</a> from Illinois were resettled in Iowa, while many Meskwaki later returned to Iowa and settled near <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tama,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tama, Iowa">Tama, Iowa</a>; the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Meskwaki_Settlement?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Meskwaki Settlement">Meskwaki Settlement</a> remains to this day.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-40">[39]</a> In 1856 the Iowa Legislature passed an unprecedented act allowing the Meskwaki to purchase the land.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-41">[40]</a> However, in contrast to the unprecedented act of the Iowa Legislature, the United States Federal Government, through the use of Treaties, forced the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ho-Chunk?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ho-Chunk">Ho-Chunk</a> from Iowa in 1848,<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-42">[41]</a> and forced the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sioux?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sioux">Dakota</a> from Iowa by 1858.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-43">[42]</a> Western Iowa around modern <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Council_Bluffs?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Council Bluffs">Council Bluffs</a> was used as an Indian Reservation for members of the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Council_of_Three_Fires?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Council of Three Fires">Council of Three Fires</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-44">[43]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="U.S._settlement_and_statehood,_1832–1860">U.S. settlement and statehood, 1832–1860</h3> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Iowa&action=edit&section=7&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: U.S. settlement and statehood, 1832–1860" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> Main articles: <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Michigan_Territory?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Michigan Territory">Michigan Territory</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wisconsin_Territory?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wisconsin Territory">Wisconsin Territory</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Organic_act?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#List_of_organic_acts" title="Organic act">Organic act § List of organic acts</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa_Territory?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iowa Territory">Iowa Territory</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Admission_to_the_Union?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Admission to the Union">Admission to the Union</a>, and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/List_of_U.S._states_by_date_of_admission_to_the_Union?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="List of U.S. states by date of admission to the Union">List of U.S. states by date of admission to the Union</a> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Iowa_territorial_seal.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Iowa_territorial_seal.jpg/170px-Iowa_territorial_seal.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="175" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="311" data-file-height="321"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 170px;height: 175px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Iowa_territorial_seal.jpg/170px-Iowa_territorial_seal.jpg" data-width="170" data-height="175" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Iowa_territorial_seal.jpg/255px-Iowa_territorial_seal.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/01/Iowa_territorial_seal.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> Iowa <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Seal_of_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Iowa_territorial_seal" title="Seal of Iowa">Territorial Seal</a> </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Bellevue,_Iowa_in_1848.png?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Bellevue%2C_Iowa_in_1848.png/260px-Bellevue%2C_Iowa_in_1848.png" decoding="async" width="260" height="177" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1494" data-file-height="1018"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 260px;height: 177px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Bellevue%2C_Iowa_in_1848.png/260px-Bellevue%2C_Iowa_in_1848.png" data-width="260" data-height="177" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Bellevue%2C_Iowa_in_1848.png/390px-Bellevue%2C_Iowa_in_1848.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Bellevue%2C_Iowa_in_1848.png/520px-Bellevue%2C_Iowa_in_1848.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bellevue,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bellevue, Iowa">Bellevue</a> along the Mississippi, 1848 </figcaption> </figure> The first American settlers officially moved to Iowa in June 1833.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Settlers-45">[44]</a> Primarily, they were families from <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ohio?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ohio">Ohio</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pennsylvania?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/New_York_(state)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="New York (state)">New York</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Indiana?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Indiana">Indiana</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kentucky?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kentucky">Kentucky</a>, and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Virginia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Virginia">Virginia</a> who settled along the western banks of the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mississippi_River?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mississippi River">Mississippi River</a>, founding the modern day cities of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dubuque,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dubuque, Iowa">Dubuque</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bellevue,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bellevue, Iowa">Bellevue</a> near the site of Julien Dubuque's 1785–1810 lead mining operation.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Settlers-45">[44]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-46">[45]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-47">[46]</a> On July 4, 1838, the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._Congress?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Congress">U.S. Congress</a> established the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Territory_of_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Territory of Iowa">Territory of Iowa</a>. President <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Martin_Van_Buren?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Martin Van Buren">Martin Van Buren</a> appointed <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Robert_Lucas_(governor)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Robert Lucas (governor)">Robert Lucas</a> governor of the territory, which at the time had 22 counties and a population of 23,242.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-48">[47]</a> Almost immediately after achieving territorial status, a clamor arose for statehood. On December 28, 1846, Iowa became the 29th state in the Union when President <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/James_K._Polk?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="James K. Polk">James K. Polk</a> signed Iowa's admission bill into law. Once admitted to the Union, the state's boundary issues resolved, and most of its land purchased from Natives, Iowa set its direction to development and organized campaigns for settlers and investors, boasting the young frontier state's rich farmlands, fine citizens, free and open society, and good government.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-49">[48]</a> Iowa has a long tradition of state and county fairs. The first and second <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa_State_Fair?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iowa State Fair">Iowa State Fairs</a> were held in the more developed eastern part of the state at <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fairfield,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Fairfield, Iowa">Fairfield</a>. The first fair was held October 25–27, 1854, at a cost of around $323. Thereafter, the fair moved to locations closer to the center of the state and in 1886 found a permanent home in Des Moines. The State Fair has been held annually since then, except for a few exceptions: 1898 due to the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Spanish%E2%80%93American_War?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Spanish–American War">Spanish–American War</a> and the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/World%27s_Fair?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="World's Fair">World's Fair</a> being held in nearby <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Omaha,_Nebraska?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Omaha, Nebraska">Omaha, Nebraska</a>; from 1942 to 1945, due to <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/World_War_II?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="World War II">World War II</a>, as the fairgrounds were being used as an army supply depot; and in 2020 due to the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_States?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the United States">COVID-19 pandemic in the United States</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-50">[49]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-51">[50]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Civil_War,_1861–1865">Civil War, 1861–1865</h3> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Iowa&action=edit&section=8&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Civil War, 1861–1865" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> Main article: <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa_in_the_American_Civil_War?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iowa in the American Civil War">Iowa in the American Civil War</a> </div> Iowa supported the Union during the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/American_Civil_War?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="American Civil War">Civil War</a>, voting heavily for <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Abraham_Lincoln?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Abraham Lincoln">Abraham Lincoln</a>, though there was an antiwar "<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Copperheads_(politics)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Copperheads (politics)">Copperhead</a>" movement in the state, caused partially by a drop in crop prices caused by the war.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-52">[51]</a> There were no battles in the state, although the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Battle_of_Athens_(1861)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Battle of Athens (1861)">Battle of Athens</a>, Missouri, 1861, was fought just across the Des Moines River from <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Croton,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Croton, Iowa">Croton, Iowa</a>, and shots from the battle landed in Iowa. Iowa sent large supplies of food to the armies and the eastern cities.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Iowa_Official_Register_page_315-53">[52]</a> Much of Iowa's support for the Union can be attributed to <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Samuel_J._Kirkwood?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Samuel J. Kirkwood">Samuel J. Kirkwood</a>, its first wartime governor. Of a total population of 675,000, about 116,000 men were subjected to military duty. Iowa contributed proportionately more soldiers to Civil War military service than did any other state, north or south, sending more than 75,000 volunteers to the armed forces, over one-sixth of whom were killed before the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Confederate_States_of_America?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Confederate States of America">Confederates</a> surrendered at <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Battle_of_Appomattox_Courthouse?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Appomattox Courthouse">Appomattox</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Iowa_Official_Register_page_315-53">[52]</a> Most fought in the great campaigns in the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mississippi_Valley?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Mississippi Valley">Mississippi Valley</a> and in the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/American_South?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="American South">South</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-54">[53]</a> Iowa troops fought at Wilson's Creek in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Missouri?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Missouri">Missouri</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Battle_of_Pea_Ridge?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Battle of Pea Ridge">Pea Ridge</a> in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arkansas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Arkansas">Arkansas</a>, Forts Henry and Donelson, Shiloh, Chattanooga, Chickamauga, Missionary Ridge, and Rossville Gap as well as Vicksburg, Iuka, and Corinth. They served with the Army of the Potomac in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Virginia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Virginia">Virginia</a> and fought under Union General <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Philip_Sheridan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Philip Sheridan">Philip Sheridan</a> in the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Shenandoah_Valley?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Shenandoah Valley">Shenandoah Valley</a>. Many died and were buried at Andersonville. They marched on General <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nathaniel_Banks?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Nathaniel Banks">Nathaniel Banks</a>' ill-starred expedition to the Red River. Twenty-seven <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowans?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Iowans">Iowans</a> have been awarded the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Medal_of_Honor?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Medal of Honor">Medal of Honor</a>, the highest military decoration awarded by the United States government, which was first awarded in the Civil War.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-55">[54]</a> Iowa had several brigadier generals and four major generals—<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Grenville_Mellen_Dodge?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Grenville Mellen Dodge">Grenville Mellen Dodge</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Samuel_R._Curtis?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Samuel R. Curtis">Samuel R. Curtis</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Francis_J._Herron?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Francis J. Herron">Francis J. Herron</a>, and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Frederick_Steele?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Frederick Steele">Frederick Steele</a>—and saw many of its generals go on to state and national prominence following the war.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Iowa_Official_Register_page_315-53">[52]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Agricultural_expansion,_1865–1930">Agricultural expansion, 1865–1930</h3> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Iowa&action=edit&section=9&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Agricultural expansion, 1865–1930" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> Following the Civil War, Iowa's population continued to grow dramatically, from 674,913 people in 1860<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-56">[55]</a> to 1,624,615 in 1880.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-57">[56]</a> The American Civil War briefly brought higher profits.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-ec-ag-58">[57]</a> In 1917, the United States entered World War I and farmers as well as all Iowans experienced a wartime economy. For farmers, the change was significant. Since the beginning of the war in 1914, Iowa farmers had experienced economic prosperity, which lasted until the end of the war.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-ec-ag-58">[57]</a> In the economic sector, Iowa also has undergone considerable change. Beginning with the first industries developed in the 1830s,<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-59">[58]</a> which were mainly for processing materials grown in the area,<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-60">[59]</a> Iowa has experienced a gradual increase in the number of business and manufacturing operations. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Depression,_World_War_II_and_manufacturing,_1930–1985">Depression, World War II and manufacturing, 1930–1985</h3> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Iowa&action=edit&section=10&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Depression, World War II and manufacturing, 1930–1985" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> The transition from an agricultural economy to a mixed economy happened slowly. The <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Great_Depression?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Great Depression">Great Depression</a> and World War II accelerated the shift away from <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Smallholding?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Smallholding">smallholder</a> farming to larger farms, and began a trend of urbanization. The period after World War II witnessed a particular increase in manufacturing operations.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-61">[60]</a> In 1975, Governor Robert D. Ray petitioned President Ford to allow Iowa to accept and resettle <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tai_Dam?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Tai Dam">Tai Dam</a> refugees fleeing the Indochina War.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-62">[61]</a> An exception was required for this resettlement as State Dept policy at the time forbid resettlement of large groups of refugees in concentrated communities; an exception was ultimately granted and 1200 Tai Dam were resettled in Iowa. Since then Iowa has accepted thousands of refugees from Laos, Cambodia, Thailand, Bhutan, and Burma.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-63">[62]</a> The <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Farm_crisis?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Farm crisis">farm crisis</a> of the 1980s caused a major recession in Iowa, causing poverty not seen since the Depression.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-64">[63]</a> The crisis spurred a major, decade-long population decline.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-iwin.iwd.state.ia.us-65">[64]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Reemergence_as_a_mixed_economy,_1985–present">Reemergence as a mixed economy, 1985–present</h3> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Iowa&action=edit&section=11&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Reemergence as a mixed economy, 1985–present" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> After bottoming out in the 1980s, Iowa's economy began to reduce its dependence on agriculture. By the early 21st century, it was characterized by a mix of manufacturing, biotechnology, finance and insurance services, and government services.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-iowalifechanging.com-66">[65]</a> The population of Iowa has increased at a slower rate than the U.S. as a whole since at least the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1900_census?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="1900 census">1900 census</a>,<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-:0-67">[66]</a> though Iowa now has a predominantly urban population.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-data.iowadatacenter.org-68">[67]</a> The Iowa Economic Development Authority, created in 2011 has replaced the Iowa Department of Economic Development and its annual reports are a source of economic information.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-IEDA-69">[68]</a> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"> <h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Iowa&action=edit&section=12&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Geography" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> Main article: <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Geography_of_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Geography of Iowa">Geography of Iowa</a> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Boundaries">Boundaries</h3> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Iowa&action=edit&section=13&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Boundaries" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> See also: <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/List_of_counties_in_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="List of counties in Iowa">List of counties in Iowa</a> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Iowa_topography.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Iowa_topography.jpg/220px-Iowa_topography.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="149" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3560" data-file-height="2404"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 149px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Iowa_topography.jpg/220px-Iowa_topography.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="149" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Iowa_topography.jpg/330px-Iowa_topography.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Iowa_topography.jpg/440px-Iowa_topography.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> Topography of Iowa, with counties and major streams </figcaption> </figure> Iowa is bordered by the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mississippi_River?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mississippi River">Mississippi River</a> on the east along with the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Missouri_River?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Missouri River">Missouri River</a> and the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Big_Sioux_River?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Big Sioux River">Big Sioux River</a> on the west. The northern boundary is a line along 43 degrees, 30 minutes north latitude.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-70">[69]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-71">[b]</a> The southern border is the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Des_Moines_River?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Des Moines River">Des Moines River</a> and a not-quite-straight line along approximately 40 degrees 35 minutes north, as decided by the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._Supreme_Court?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Supreme Court">U.S. Supreme Court</a> in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/State_of_Missouri_v._State_of_Iowa_(1849)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="State of Missouri v. State of Iowa (1849)">Missouri v. Iowa</a> (1849) after a standoff between <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Missouri?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Missouri">Missouri</a> and Iowa known as the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Honey_War?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Honey War">Honey War</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-72">[70]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-73">[71]</a> Iowa is the only state whose east and west borders are formed almost entirely by rivers.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-74">[72]</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Carter_Lake,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Carter Lake, Iowa">Carter Lake, Iowa</a>, is the only city in the state located west of the Missouri River.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-75">[73]</a> Iowa has 99 <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/County_(United_States)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="County (United States)">counties</a>, but 100 <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/County_seat?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="County seat">county seats</a> because <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lee_County,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lee County, Iowa">Lee County</a> has two. The state capital, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Des_Moines?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Des Moines">Des Moines</a>, is in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Polk_County,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Polk County, Iowa">Polk County</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-76">[74]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Geology_and_terrain">Geology and terrain</h3> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Iowa&action=edit&section=14&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Geology and terrain" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Desoto_Lake1.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Desoto_Lake1.jpg/220px-Desoto_Lake1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2591" data-file-height="1727"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 147px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Desoto_Lake1.jpg/220px-Desoto_Lake1.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="147" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Desoto_Lake1.jpg/330px-Desoto_Lake1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Desoto_Lake1.jpg/440px-Desoto_Lake1.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/DeSoto_Lake_(Iowa)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="DeSoto Lake (Iowa)">DeSoto Lake</a> at <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/DeSoto_National_Wildlife_Refuge?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="DeSoto National Wildlife Refuge">DeSoto National Wildlife Refuge</a> </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Iowa_terrain.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Iowa_terrain.jpg/220px-Iowa_terrain.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="127" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="9789" data-file-height="5669"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 127px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Iowa_terrain.jpg/220px-Iowa_terrain.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="127" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Iowa_terrain.jpg/330px-Iowa_terrain.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Iowa_terrain.jpg/440px-Iowa_terrain.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> Iowa terrain </figcaption> </figure> Iowa's bedrock geology generally decreases in age from east to west. In northwest Iowa, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cretaceous?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cretaceous">Cretaceous</a> bedrock can be 74 million years old; in eastern Iowa <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cambrian?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cambrian">Cambrian</a> bedrock dates to c. 500 million years ago.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-77">[75]</a> The oldest radiometrically dated bedrock in the state is the 2.9 billion year old Otter Creek Layered Mafic Complex. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Precambrian?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Precambrian">Precambrian</a> rock is exposed only in the northwest of the state.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-78">[76]</a> Iowa can be divided into eight <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Landform?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Landform">landforms</a> based on <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Glaciation?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Glaciation">glaciation</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Soil?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Soil">soils</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Topography?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Topography">topography</a>, and river drainage.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Prior91-79">[77]</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Loess?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Loess">Loess</a> hills lie along the western border of the state, some of which are several hundred feet thick.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-80">[78]</a> Northeast Iowa along the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Upper_Mississippi_River?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Upper Mississippi River">Upper Mississippi River</a> is part of the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Driftless_Area?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Driftless Area">Driftless Area</a>, consisting of steep hills and valleys which appear as mountainous.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-81">[79]</a> Several natural lakes exist, most notably <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Spirit_Lake_(Iowa)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Spirit Lake (Iowa)">Spirit Lake</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/West_Okoboji_Lake?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="West Okoboji Lake">West Okoboji Lake</a>, and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/East_Okoboji_Lake?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="East Okoboji Lake">East Okoboji Lake</a> in northwest Iowa (see <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa_Great_Lakes?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iowa Great Lakes">Iowa Great Lakes</a>). To the east lies <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Clear_Lake_(Iowa)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Clear Lake (Iowa)">Clear Lake</a>. Man-made lakes include Lake Odessa,<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Odessa-82">[80]</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Saylorville_Lake?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Saylorville Lake">Saylorville Lake</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lake_Red_Rock_(Des_Moines_River)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lake Red Rock (Des Moines River)">Lake Red Rock</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Coralville_Lake?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Coralville Lake">Coralville Lake</a>, Lake MacBride, and Rathbun Lake. Before European settlement, 4 to 6 million acres of the state was covered with wetlands, about 95% of these wetlands have been drained.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-83">[81]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Ecology_and_environment">Ecology and environment</h3> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Iowa&action=edit&section=15&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Ecology and environment" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> Main article: <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Environment_of_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Environment of Iowa">Environment of Iowa</a> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Landforms_of_Iowa.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Landforms_of_Iowa.jpg/300px-Landforms_of_Iowa.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="192" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2470" data-file-height="1584"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 300px;height: 192px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Landforms_of_Iowa.jpg/300px-Landforms_of_Iowa.jpg" data-width="300" data-height="192" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Landforms_of_Iowa.jpg/450px-Landforms_of_Iowa.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Landforms_of_Iowa.jpg/600px-Landforms_of_Iowa.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> Landforms of Iowa </figcaption> </figure> Iowa's natural vegetation is <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tallgrass_prairie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tallgrass prairie">tallgrass prairie</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Savanna?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Savanna">savanna</a> in upland areas, with dense forest and wetlands in flood plains and protected river valleys, and pothole wetlands in northern prairie areas.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Prior91-79">[77]</a> Most of Iowa is used for agriculture; crops cover 60% of the state, grasslands (mostly pasture and hay with some prairie and wetland) cover 30%, and forests cover 7%; urban areas and water cover another 1% each.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-84">[82]</a> The southern part of Iowa is categorized as the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Central_forest-grasslands_transition?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Central forest-grasslands transition">Central forest-grasslands transition</a> ecoregion.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-85">[83]</a> The Northern, drier part of Iowa is categorized as part of the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Central_tall_grasslands?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Central tall grasslands">Central tall grasslands</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-86">[84]</a> There is a dearth of natural areas in Iowa; less than 1% of the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tallgrass_prairie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tallgrass prairie">tallgrass prairie</a> that once covered most of Iowa remains intact; only about 5% of the state's prairie pothole wetlands remain, and most of the original forest has been lost.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-87">[85]</a> As of 2005<a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DIowa%26action%3Dedit">[update]</a> Iowa ranked 49th of U.S. states in public land holdings.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-88">[86]</a> Threatened or endangered animals in Iowa include the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Least_tern?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Least tern">interior least tern</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Piping_plover?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Piping plover">piping plover</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Indiana_bat?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Indiana bat">Indiana bat</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pallid_sturgeon?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pallid sturgeon">pallid sturgeon</a>, the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Discus_macclintocki?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Discus macclintocki">Iowa Pleistocene land snail</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Higgins%27_eye_pearly_mussel?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Higgins' eye pearly mussel">Higgins' eye pearly mussel</a>, and the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Topeka_shiner?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Topeka shiner">Topeka shiner</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-89">[87]</a> Endangered or threatened plants include <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Western_prairie_fringed_orchid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Western prairie fringed orchid">western prairie fringed orchid</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Eastern_prairie_fringed_orchid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern prairie fringed orchid">eastern prairie fringed orchid</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mead%27s_milkweed?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Mead's milkweed">Mead's milkweed</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Prairie_bush_clover?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Prairie bush clover">prairie bush clover</a>, and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Northern_wild_monkshood?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Northern wild monkshood">northern wild monkshood</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-90">[88]</a> The explosion in the number of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Concentrated_animal_feeding_operation?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Concentrated animal feeding operation">high-density livestock facilities</a> in Iowa has led to increased rural water contamination and a decline in air quality.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-ISU_1-91">[89]</a> Other factors negatively affecting Iowa's environment include the extensive use of older <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Coal-fired_power_plants?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Coal-fired power plants">coal-fired power plants</a>,<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-gazette_coal-92">[90]</a> fertilizer and pesticide runoff from crop production,<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-IPT_runoff-93">[91]</a> and diminishment of the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jordan_Aquifer?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Jordan Aquifer">Jordan Aquifer</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-94">[92]</a> The <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/2020%E2%80%932023_North_American_drought?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="2020–2023 North American drought">2020–2023 North American drought</a> has affected Iowa particularly: As of January 2024, Iowa was in its 187th consecutive week of at least moderate <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Drought?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Drought">drought</a>, the longest stretch since the 1950s. 96% of areas are affected by drought.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-95">[93]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Climate">Climate</h3> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Iowa&action=edit&section=16&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Climate" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> Further information: <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Climate_change_in_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Climate change in Iowa">Climate change in Iowa</a> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:K%C3%B6ppen_Climate_Types_Iowa.png?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/K%C3%B6ppen_Climate_Types_Iowa.png/220px-K%C3%B6ppen_Climate_Types_Iowa.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="184" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1530" data-file-height="1283"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 184px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/K%C3%B6ppen_Climate_Types_Iowa.png/220px-K%C3%B6ppen_Climate_Types_Iowa.png" data-width="220" data-height="184" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/K%C3%B6ppen_Climate_Types_Iowa.png/330px-K%C3%B6ppen_Climate_Types_Iowa.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/K%C3%B6ppen_Climate_Types_Iowa.png/440px-K%C3%B6ppen_Climate_Types_Iowa.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen climate types</a> of Iowa, using 1991–2020 <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Climatological_normal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Climatological normal">climate normals</a> </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Iowa_rainfall.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Iowa_rainfall.jpg/220px-Iowa_rainfall.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="844" data-file-height="561"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 146px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Iowa_rainfall.jpg/220px-Iowa_rainfall.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="146" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Iowa_rainfall.jpg/330px-Iowa_rainfall.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Iowa_rainfall.jpg/440px-Iowa_rainfall.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> Iowa annual rainfall, in inches; as of 2009 </figcaption> </figure> Iowa has a <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Humid_continental_climate?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Humid continental climate">humid continental climate</a> throughout the state (<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen climate classification</a> Dfa) with extremes of both heat and cold. The average annual temperature at Des Moines is 50 °F (10 °C); for some locations in the north, such as Mason City, the figure is about 45 °F (7 °C), while <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Keokuk,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Keokuk, Iowa">Keokuk</a>, on the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mississippi_River?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mississippi River">Mississippi River</a>, averages 52 °F (11 °C).<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-96">[94]</a> Snowfall is common, with <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Des_Moines?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Des Moines">Des Moines</a> getting about 26 days of snowfall a year, and other places, such as <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Shenandoah,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Shenandoah, Iowa">Shenandoah</a> getting about 11 days of snowfall in a year.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-97">[95]</a> Spring ushers in the beginning of the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Severe_weather?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Severe weather">severe weather</a> season. As of 2008, Iowa averaged about 50 days of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Thunderstorm?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Thunderstorm">thunderstorm</a> activity per year.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Thunderstorm_Hazard-98">[96]</a> As of 2015, the 30-year annual average of tornadoes in Iowa was 47.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Annual_Average_Number_of_Tornadoes-99">[97]</a> In <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Late-May_2008_tornado_outbreak_sequence?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Late-May 2008 tornado outbreak sequence">2008</a>, twelve people were killed by tornadoes in Iowa, making it the deadliest year since <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/May_1968_tornado_outbreak?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="May 1968 tornado outbreak">1968</a> and also the second most tornadoes in a year with 105, matching the total from 2001.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-100">[98]</a> Iowa summers are known for heat and humidity, with daytime temperatures sometimes near 90 °F (32 °C) and occasionally exceeding 100 °F (38 °C). Average winters in the state have been known to drop well below freezing, even dropping below −18 °F (−28 °C). As of 2018, Iowa's all-time hottest temperature of 118 °F (48 °C) was recorded at Keokuk on July 20, 1934, during a nationwide heat wave;<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-101">[99]</a> as of 2014, the all-time lowest temperature of −47 °F (−44 °C) was recorded in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Washta?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Washta">Washta</a> on January 12, 1912.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-102">[100]</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1245584064">@media screen{html.client-js .mw-parser-output .sort-under.sortable.wikitable th.headerSort,html.client-js .mw-parser-output .sort-under-right.sortable.wikitable th.headerSort,html.client-js .mw-parser-output .sort-under-center.sortable.wikitable th.headerSort{padding-right:0.4em}html.client-js 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thead tr:only-child::before{padding-bottom:1.4em}}}</style> <table class="wikitable sortable sort-under"> <caption> Monthly normal high and low temperatures for various Iowa cities (°F)<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-103">[101]</a> </caption> <tbody> <tr> <th style="background-color:#e5afaa;">City</th> <th style="background-color:#e5afaa;" data-sort-type="number">Jan</th> <th style="background-color:#e5afaa;" data-sort-type="number">Feb</th> <th style="background-color:#e5afaa;" data-sort-type="number">Mar</th> <th style="background-color:#e5afaa;" data-sort-type="number">Apr</th> <th style="background-color:#e5afaa;" data-sort-type="number">May</th> <th style="background-color:#e5afaa;" data-sort-type="number">Jun</th> <th style="background-color:#e5afaa;" data-sort-type="number">Jul</th> <th style="background-color:#e5afaa;" data-sort-type="number">Aug</th> <th style="background-color:#e5afaa;" data-sort-type="number">Sep</th> <th style="background-color:#e5afaa;" data-sort-type="number">Oct</th> <th style="background-color:#e5afaa;" data-sort-type="number">Nov</th> <th style="background-color:#e5afaa;" data-sort-type="number">Dec</th> </tr> <tr style="background:#c5dfe1;"> <th style="background:#c5dfe1;"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Davenport,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Davenport, Iowa">Davenport</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-weather.com-104">[102]</a></th> <td>30/13</td> <td>36/19</td> <td>48/29</td> <td>61/41</td> <td>72/52</td> <td>81/63</td> <td>85/68</td> <td>83/66</td> <td>76/57</td> <td>65/45</td> <td>48/32</td> <td>35/20</td> </tr> <tr style="background:#f8f3ca;"> <th style="background:#f8f3ca;"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Des_Moines,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Des Moines, Iowa">Des Moines</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-105">[103]</a></th> <td>31/14</td> <td>36/19</td> <td>49/30</td> <td>62/41</td> <td>72/52</td> <td>82/62</td> <td>86/67</td> <td>84/65</td> <td>76/55</td> <td>63/43</td> <td>48/31</td> <td>34/18</td> </tr> <tr style="background:#c5dfe1;"> <th style="background:#c5dfe1;"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Keokuk,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Keokuk, Iowa">Keokuk</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-106">[104]</a></th> <td>34/17</td> <td>39/21</td> <td>50/30</td> <td>63/42</td> <td>73/52</td> <td>83/62</td> <td>87/67</td> <td>85/65</td> <td>78/56</td> <td>66/44</td> <td>51/33</td> <td>33/21</td> </tr> <tr style="background:#f8f3ca;"> <th style="background:#f8f3ca;"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mason_City,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mason City, Iowa">Mason City</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-107">[105]</a></th> <td>24/6</td> <td>29/12</td> <td>41/23</td> <td>57/35</td> <td>69/46</td> <td>79/57</td> <td>82/61</td> <td>80/58</td> <td>73/49</td> <td>60/37</td> <td>43/25</td> <td>28/11</td> </tr> <tr style="background:#c5dfe1;"> <th style="background:#c5dfe1;"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sioux_City,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sioux City, Iowa">Sioux City</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-108">[106]</a></th> <td>31/10</td> <td>35/15</td> <td>47/26</td> <td>62/37</td> <td>73/49</td> <td>82/59</td> <td>86/63</td> <td>83/63</td> <td>76/51</td> <td>63/38</td> <td>46/25</td> <td>32/13</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"> <h4 id="Precipitation">Precipitation</h4> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Iowa&action=edit&section=17&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Precipitation" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> Iowa has had a relatively smooth gradient of varying <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Precipitation_(meteorology)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Precipitation (meteorology)">precipitation</a> across the state; from 1961 to 1990, areas in the southeast of the state received an average of over 38 inches (97 cm) of rain annually, and the northwest of the state receiving less than 28 inches (71 cm).<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-109">[107]</a> The pattern of precipitation across Iowa is seasonal with more rain falling in the summer months. Virtually statewide, the driest month is January or February, and the wettest month is June owing to frequent showers and thunderstorms some of which produce hail, damaging winds or tornadoes. In Des Moines, roughly in the center of the state, over two-thirds of the 34.72 inches (88.2 cm) of rain falls from April through September, and about half the average annual precipitation falls from May through August peaking in June.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-110">[108]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Settlements">Settlements</h3> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Iowa&action=edit&section=18&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Settlements" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Iowa_pop_00_to_09.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f5/Iowa_pop_00_to_09.jpg/330px-Iowa_pop_00_to_09.jpg" decoding="async" width="330" height="197" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="408" data-file-height="244"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 330px;height: 197px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f5/Iowa_pop_00_to_09.jpg/330px-Iowa_pop_00_to_09.jpg" data-width="330" data-height="197" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/f/f5/Iowa_pop_00_to_09.jpg 1.5x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> Percent population changes by counties in Iowa, 2000–2009; dark green counties have gains of more than 5%<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-111">[109]</a> </figcaption> </figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> See also: <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="List of cities in Iowa">List of cities in Iowa</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/List_of_largest_Iowa_cities_by_population?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="List of largest Iowa cities by population">List of largest Iowa cities by population</a> </div> Iowa's population is more urban than rural, with 61 percent living in urban areas in 2000, a trend that began in the early 20th century.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-data.iowadatacenter.org-68">[67]</a> Urban counties in Iowa grew 8.5% from 2000 to 2008, while rural counties declined by 4.2%.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-112">[110]</a> The shift from rural to urban has caused population increases in more urbanized counties such as <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dallas_County,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dallas County, Iowa">Dallas</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Johnson_County,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Johnson County, Iowa">Johnson</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Linn_County,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Linn County, Iowa">Linn</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Polk_County,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Polk County, Iowa">Polk</a>, and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Scott_County,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Scott County, Iowa">Scott</a>, at the expense of more rural counties.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-:2-13">[12]</a> Iowa, in common with other Midwestern states (especially <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kansas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kansas">Kansas</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nebraska?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Nebraska">Nebraska</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/North_Dakota?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="North Dakota">North Dakota</a>, and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/South_Dakota?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="South Dakota">South Dakota</a>), is feeling the brunt of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Rural_flight?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Rural flight">rural flight</a>, although Iowa has been gaining population since approximately 1990. Some smaller communities, such as <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Denison,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Denison, Iowa">Denison</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Storm_Lake,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Storm Lake, Iowa">Storm Lake</a>, have mitigated this population loss through gains in immigrant laborers.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-113">[111]</a> Another demographic problem for Iowa is the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Brain_drain?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Brain drain">brain drain</a>, in which educated young adults leave the state in search of better prospects in higher education or employment. During the 1990s, Iowa had the second highest exodus rate for single, educated young adults, second only to North Dakota.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-114">[112]</a> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <caption> Iowa's largest cities and their surrounding areas Recorded by the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/United_States_Census_Bureau?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="United States Census Bureau">United States Census Bureau</a> </caption> <tbody> <tr> <th scope="col">Rank</th> <th scope="col" class="unsortable">City</th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em;">2020 city population<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-115">[113]</a></th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em;"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/2010_United_States_Census?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="2010 United States Census">2010</a> city population<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-116">[114]</a></th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em;">Change</th> <th scope="col" class="unsortable"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Metropolitan_Statistical_Area?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Metropolitan Statistical Area">Metropolitan Statistical Area</a></th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em;">2020 metro population<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-117">[115]</a></th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em;">2010 metro population</th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em;">2020 metro change</th> </tr> <tr align="right"> <td align="center">1</td> <td align="left"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Des_Moines,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Des Moines, Iowa">Des Moines</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">214,133</td> <td style="text-align:right;">203,433</td> <td style="text-align:right;">+5.26%</td> <td align="left"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Des_Moines-West_Des_Moines,_IA_MSA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Des Moines-West Des Moines, IA MSA">Des Moines–West Des Moines</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">707,915</td> <td style="text-align:right;">606,475</td> <td style="text-align:right;">+16.73%</td> </tr> <tr align="right"> <td align="center">2</td> <td align="left"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cedar_Rapids,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cedar Rapids, Iowa">Cedar Rapids</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">137,710</td> <td style="text-align:right;">126,326</td> <td style="text-align:right;">+9.01%</td> <td align="left"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cedar_Rapids_MSA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Cedar Rapids MSA">Cedar Rapids</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">273,885</td> <td style="text-align:right;">257,940</td> <td style="text-align:right;">+6.18%</td> </tr> <tr align="right"> <td align="center">3</td> <td align="left"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Davenport,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Davenport, Iowa">Davenport</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">101,724</td> <td style="text-align:right;">99,685</td> <td style="text-align:right;">+2.05%</td> <td align="left"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Davenport-Moline-Rock_Island_MSA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Davenport-Moline-Rock Island MSA">Quad Cities</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">382,268</td> <td style="text-align:right;">379,690</td> <td style="text-align:right;">+0.68%</td> </tr> <tr align="right"> <td align="center">4</td> <td align="left"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sioux_City,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sioux City, Iowa">Sioux City</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">85,797</td> <td style="text-align:right;">82,684</td> <td style="text-align:right;">+3.76%</td> <td align="left"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sioux_City_metropolitan_area?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sioux City metropolitan area">Sioux City</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">144,996</td> <td style="text-align:right;">143,577</td> <td style="text-align:right;">+0.99%</td> </tr> <tr align="right"> <td align="center">5</td> <td align="left"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa_City,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iowa City, Iowa">Iowa City</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">74,828</td> <td style="text-align:right;">67,862</td> <td style="text-align:right;">+10.26%</td> <td align="left"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa_City_metropolitan_area?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iowa City metropolitan area">Iowa City</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">175,732</td> <td style="text-align:right;">152,586</td> <td style="text-align:right;">+15.17%</td> </tr> <tr align="right"> <td align="center">6</td> <td align="left"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/West_Des_Moines,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="West Des Moines, Iowa">West Des Moines</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">68,723</td> <td style="text-align:right;">56,609</td> <td style="text-align:right;">+21.40%</td> <td align="left">Des Moines–West Des Moines</td> </tr> <tr align="right"> <td align="center">7</td> <td align="left"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ankeny,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ankeny, Iowa">Ankeny</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">67,887</td> <td style="text-align:right;">45,582</td> <td style="text-align:right;">+48.93%</td> <td align="left">Des Moines–West Des Moines</td> </tr> <tr align="right"> <td align="center">8</td> <td align="left"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Waterloo,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Waterloo, Iowa">Waterloo</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">67,314</td> <td style="text-align:right;">68,406</td> <td style="text-align:right;">−1.60%</td> <td align="left"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Waterloo_%E2%80%93_Cedar_Falls_metropolitan_area?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Waterloo – Cedar Falls metropolitan area">Waterloo–Cedar Falls</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">168,314</td> <td style="text-align:right;">167,819</td> <td style="text-align:right;">+0.29%</td> </tr> <tr align="right"> <td align="center">9</td> <td align="left"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ames,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ames, Iowa">Ames</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">66,427</td> <td style="text-align:right;">58,965</td> <td style="text-align:right;">+12.65%</td> <td align="left"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ames,_IA_MSA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Ames, IA MSA">Ames</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">124,514</td> <td style="text-align:right;">115,848</td> <td style="text-align:right;">+7.48%</td> </tr> <tr align="right"> <td align="center">10</td> <td align="left"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Council_Bluffs,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Council Bluffs, Iowa">Council Bluffs</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">62,799</td> <td style="text-align:right;">62,230</td> <td style="text-align:right;">+0.91%</td> <td align="left"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Omaha_%E2%80%93_Council_Bluffs_metropolitan_area?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Omaha – Council Bluffs metropolitan area">Omaha–Council Bluffs</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">954,270</td> <td style="text-align:right;">865,350</td> <td style="text-align:right;">+10.28%</td> </tr> <tr align="right"> <td align="center">11</td> <td align="left"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dubuque,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dubuque, Iowa">Dubuque</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">59,667</td> <td style="text-align:right;">57,637</td> <td style="text-align:right;">+3.52%</td> <td align="left"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dubuque_Metropolitan_Area?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Dubuque Metropolitan Area">Dubuque</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">97,590</td> <td style="text-align:right;">93,653</td> <td style="text-align:right;">+4.20%</td> </tr> <tr align="right"> <td align="center">12</td> <td align="left"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Urbandale,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Urbandale, Iowa">Urbandale</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">45,580</td> <td style="text-align:right;">39,463</td> <td style="text-align:right;">+15.50%</td> <td align="left">Des Moines–West Des Moines</td> </tr> <tr align="right"> <td align="center">13</td> <td align="left"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Marion,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Marion, Iowa">Marion</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">41,535</td> <td style="text-align:right;">34,768</td> <td style="text-align:right;">+19.46%</td> <td align="left">Cedar Rapids</td> </tr> <tr align="right"> <td align="center">14</td> <td align="left"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cedar_Falls,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cedar Falls, Iowa">Cedar Falls</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">40,713</td> <td style="text-align:right;">39,260</td> <td style="text-align:right;">+3.70%</td> <td align="left">Waterloo–Cedar Falls</td> </tr> <tr align="right"> <td align="center">15</td> <td align="left"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bettendorf,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bettendorf, Iowa">Bettendorf</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">39,102</td> <td style="text-align:right;">33,217</td> <td style="text-align:right;">+17.72%</td> <td align="left">Quad Cities</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"> <h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Iowa&action=edit&section=19&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Demographics" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Population">Population</h3> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Iowa&action=edit&section=20&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Population" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1224496135">.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop{border-spacing:1px;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);padding:0.3em;font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop caption{background-color:lavender;color:black;padding-right:0.2em;padding-left:0.2em;font-size:110%;font-weight:bold;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-bottom:none}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop th[scope=col]{border-bottom:1px solid black}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop td:nth-child(2){text-align:right;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop td.us-census-pop-estimate{padding-left:0}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop td:nth-child(3){padding-left:0}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop td:nth-child(4){padding-left:0.5em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop-footnote{border-top:1px solid black;font-size:85%;text-align:center}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop-right{float:right;clear:right;margin:0 0 1em 1em}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop-center{float:none;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop-none{float:none;margin:0 1em 1em 0}}</style> <table class="us-census-pop us-census-pop-right"> <caption> Historical population </caption> <tbody> <tr> <th scope="col">Census</th> <th scope="col"><abbr title="Population">Pop.</abbr></th> <th scope="col"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1152813436">.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;white-space:nowrap}</style>Note</th> <th scope="col"><abbr title="Percent change">%±</abbr></th> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1840_United_States_census?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1840 United States census">1840</a></th> <td>43,112</td> <td></td> <td>—</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1850_United_States_census?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1850 United States census">1850</a></th> <td>192,214</td> <td></td> <td>345.8%</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1860_United_States_census?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1860 United States census">1860</a></th> <td>674,913</td> <td></td> <td>251.1%</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1870_United_States_census?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1870 United States census">1870</a></th> <td>1,194,020</td> <td></td> <td>76.9%</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1880_United_States_census?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1880 United States census">1880</a></th> <td>1,624,615</td> <td></td> <td>36.1%</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1890_United_States_census?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1890 United States census">1890</a></th> <td>1,912,297</td> <td></td> <td>17.7%</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1900_United_States_census?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1900 United States census">1900</a></th> <td>2,231,853</td> <td></td> <td>16.7%</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1910_United_States_census?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1910 United States census">1910</a></th> <td>2,224,771</td> <td></td> <td>−0.3%</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1920_United_States_census?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1920 United States census">1920</a></th> <td>2,404,021</td> <td></td> <td>8.1%</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1930_United_States_census?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1930 United States census">1930</a></th> <td>2,470,939</td> <td></td> <td>2.8%</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1940_United_States_census?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1940 United States census">1940</a></th> <td>2,538,268</td> <td></td> <td>2.7%</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1950_United_States_census?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1950 United States census">1950</a></th> <td>2,621,073</td> <td></td> <td>3.3%</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1960_United_States_census?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1960 United States census">1960</a></th> <td>2,757,537</td> <td></td> <td>5.2%</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1970_United_States_census?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1970 United States census">1970</a></th> <td>2,824,376</td> <td></td> <td>2.4%</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1980_United_States_census?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1980 United States census">1980</a></th> <td>2,913,808</td> <td></td> <td>3.2%</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1990_United_States_census?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1990 United States census">1990</a></th> <td>2,776,755</td> <td></td> <td>−4.7%</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/2000_United_States_census?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="2000 United States census">2000</a></th> <td>2,926,324</td> <td></td> <td>5.4%</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/2010_United_States_census?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="2010 United States census">2010</a></th> <td>3,046,355</td> <td></td> <td>4.1%</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/2020_United_States_census?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="2020 United States census">2020</a></th> <td>3,190,369</td> <td></td> <td>4.7%</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row">2023 (est.)</th> <td class="us-census-pop-estimate">3,207,004</td> <td></td> <td>0.5%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="4" class="us-census-pop-footnote" style="text-align: center">Source: 1910–2020<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-:0-67">[66]</a></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Ethnic_Origins_in_Iowa.png?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Ethnic_Origins_in_Iowa.png/220px-Ethnic_Origins_in_Iowa.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="193" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="5692" data-file-height="5000"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 193px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Ethnic_Origins_in_Iowa.png/220px-Ethnic_Origins_in_Iowa.png" data-width="220" data-height="193" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Ethnic_Origins_in_Iowa.png/330px-Ethnic_Origins_in_Iowa.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Ethnic_Origins_in_Iowa.png/440px-Ethnic_Origins_in_Iowa.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> Ethnic origins in Iowa </figcaption> </figure> The <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/United_States_Census_Bureau?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="United States Census Bureau">United States Census Bureau</a> determined the population of Iowa was 3,190,369 on April 1, 2020, a 4.73% increase since the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/2010_United_States_Census?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="2010 United States Census">2010 United States census</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-2020_Census-118">[116]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-119">[117]</a> Of the residents of Iowa, 70.8% were born in Iowa, 23.6% were born in a different U.S. state, 0.6% were born in Puerto Rico, U.S. Island areas, or born abroad to American parent(s), and 5% were foreign born.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-120">[118]</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Immigration_to_the_United_States?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Immigration to the United States">Immigration</a> from outside the United States resulted in a net increase of 29,386 people, while migration within the country produced a net loss of 41,140 people. 6.5% of Iowa's population were reported as under the age of five, 22.6% under 18, and 14.7% were 65 or older. Males made up approximately 49.6% of the population.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-121">[119]</a> The population density of the state is 52.7 people per square mile.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-122">[120]</a> As of the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/2010_United_States_Census?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="2010 United States Census">2010 census</a>, the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Center_of_population?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Center of population">center of population</a> of Iowa is in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Marshall_County,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Marshall County, Iowa">Marshall County</a>, near <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Melbourne,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Melbourne, Iowa">Melbourne</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-123">[121]</a> The top countries of origin for Iowa's immigrants in 2018 were <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mexico?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mexico">Mexico</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/India?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="India">India</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vietnam?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/China?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="China">China</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Thailand?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Thailand">Thailand</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-124">[122]</a> Germans are the largest ethnic group in Iowa. Other major ethnic groups in Iowa include Irish and English. There are also Dutch communities in state. The Dutch can be found in Pella, in the centre of the state, and in Orange City, in the northwest. There is a Norwegian community in Decorah in northeast Iowa; and there is Czech and Slovak communities in both Cedar Rapids and Iowa City. Smaller numbers of Greeks and Italians are scattered in Iowa's metropolitan areas. The majority of Hispanics in Iowa are <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mexican_Americans?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mexican Americans">Mexican</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/African_Americans?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="African Americans">African Americans</a>, who constitute around 2% of Iowa's population, didn't live in the state in any appreciable numbers until the early 20th century. Many blacks worked in the coal-mining industry of southern Iowa. Others blacks migrated to Waterloo, Davenport, and Des Moines, where the black population remained substantial in the early 21st century.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-125">[123]</a> The African-American population in Des Moines experienced a significant increase with the establishment of the Colored Officers Training Camp at Fort Des Moines in 1917. Following the conclusion of World War I in 1918, numerous African-American families made the decision to remain in Des Moines. This marked the inception of a thriving community that eventually became a residence for numerous African-American leaders.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-126">[124]</a> There is one <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/List_of_federally_recognized_tribes_by_state?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="List of federally recognized tribes by state">federally recognized</a> tribe in Iowa, the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sac_and_Fox_Tribe_of_the_Mississippi_in_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sac and Fox Tribe of the Mississippi in Iowa">Sac and Fox Tribe of the Mississippi in Iowa</a>, and in 2020, 14,486 identified as being Native American alone, and 41,472 did in combination with one or more other races.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-127">[125]</a> As of the 2010 census, the population of Iowa was 3,046,355. The gender makeup of the state was 49.5% male and 50.5% female. 23.9% of the population were under the age of 18; 61.2% were between the ages of 18 and 64; and 14.9% were 65 years of age or older.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Census2010-128">[126]</a> According to <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Housing_and_Urban_Development?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="United States Department of Housing and Urban Development">HUD</a>'s 2022 <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Annual_Homeless_Assessment_Report_to_Congress?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Annual Homeless Assessment Report to Congress">Annual Homeless Assessment Report</a>, there were an estimated 2,419 <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Homelessness?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Homelessness">homeless</a> people in Iowa.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-129">[127]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-130">[128]</a> <table class="wikitable sortable collapsible"> <caption style="font-size:90%"> Ethnic composition as of the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/2020_United_States_census?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="2020 United States census">2020 census</a> </caption> <tbody> <tr> <th>Race and Ethnicity<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-131">[129]</a></th> <th colspan="2" data-sort-type="number">Alone</th> <th colspan="2" data-sort-type="number">Total</th> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Non-Hispanic_or_Latino_whites?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Non-Hispanic or Latino whites">White (non-Hispanic)</a></td> <td align="right">82.7%</td> <td align="left">82.7 <div style="width:165.4px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:gray">   </div></td> <td align="right">85.9%</td> <td align="left">85.9 <div style="width:171.8px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:gray">   </div></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hispanic_and_Latino_Americans?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hispanic and Latino Americans">Hispanic or Latino</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-132">[c]</a></td> <td align="right">—</td> <td></td> <td align="right">6.8%</td> <td align="left">6.8 <div style="width:13.6px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:green">   </div></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/African_Americans?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="African Americans">African American (non-Hispanic)</a></td> <td align="right">4.1%</td> <td align="left">4.1 <div style="width:8.2px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:mediumblue">   </div></td> <td align="right">5.2%</td> <td align="left">5.2 <div style="width:10.4px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:mediumblue">   </div></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Asian_Americans?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Asian Americans">Asian</a></td> <td align="right">2.4%</td> <td align="left">2.4 <div style="width:4.8px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:purple">   </div></td> <td align="right">3.0%</td> <td align="left">3 <div style="width:6px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:purple">   </div></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Native Americans in the United States">Native American</a></td> <td align="right">0.3%</td> <td align="left">0.3 <div style="width:0.6px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:gold">   </div></td> <td align="right">1.4%</td> <td align="left">1.4 <div style="width:2.8px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:gold">   </div></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pacific_Islander_Americans?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pacific Islander Americans">Pacific Islander</a></td> <td align="right">0.2%</td> <td align="left">0.2 <div style="width:0.4px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:pink">   </div></td> <td align="right">0.3%</td> <td align="left">0.3 <div style="width:0.6px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:pink">   </div></td> </tr> <tr> <td>Other</td> <td align="right">0.3%</td> <td align="left">0.3 <div style="width:0.6px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:brown">   </div></td> <td align="right">1.0%</td> <td align="left">1 <div style="width:2px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:brown">   </div></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Iowa_counties_by_race.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Iowa_counties_by_race.svg/220px-Iowa_counties_by_race.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="148" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="285" data-file-height="192"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 148px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Iowa_counties_by_race.svg/220px-Iowa_counties_by_race.svg.png" data-width="220" data-height="148" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Iowa_counties_by_race.svg/330px-Iowa_counties_by_race.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Iowa_counties_by_race.svg/440px-Iowa_counties_by_race.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> Map of counties in Iowa by racial plurality, per the 2020 U.S. census <div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"> <div> Non-Hispanic White </div> </div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"> <li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1216972533">.mw-parser-output .col-begin{border-collapse:collapse;padding:0;color:inherit;width:100%;border:0;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .col-begin-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .col-break{vertical-align:top;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .col-break-2{width:50%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-3{width:33.3%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-4{width:25%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-5{width:20%}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .col-begin,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr>td{display:block!important;width:100%!important}.mw-parser-output .col-break{padding-left:0!important}}</style> <div> <table class="col-begin" role="presentation"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="col-break col-break-2"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style> <div class="legend">   50–60% </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"> <div class="legend">   60–70% </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"> <div class="legend">   70–80% </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"> <div class="legend">   80–90% </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"> <div class="legend">   90%+ </div></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div></li> </ul> </div> </figcaption> </figure> <table class="wikitable sortable collapsible nowrap"> <caption> Iowa historical racial composition </caption> <tbody> <tr> <th>Racial composition</th> <th>1990<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-133">[130]</a></th> <th>2000<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-134">[131]</a></th> <th>2010<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-135">[132]</a></th> <th>2020<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-2020DP1-136">[133]</a></th> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/White_American?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="White American">White</a></td> <td>96.6%</td> <td>93.9%</td> <td>91.3%</td> <td>84.5%</td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Black_American?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Black American">Black or African American</a></td> <td>1.7%</td> <td>2.1%</td> <td>2.9%</td> <td>4.1%</td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Native Americans in the United States">Native American</a></td> <td>0.3%</td> <td>0.3%</td> <td>0.4%</td> <td>0.5%</td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Asian_American?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Asian American">Asian</a></td> <td>0.9%</td> <td>1.3%</td> <td>1.7%</td> <td>2.4%</td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pacific_Islander_American?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Pacific Islander American">Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander</a></td> <td>—</td> <td>—</td> <td>0.1%</td> <td>0.2%</td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Race_and_ethnicity_in_the_United_States_Census?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Race and ethnicity in the United States Census">Other race</a></td> <td>0.5%</td> <td>1.3%</td> <td>1.8%</td> <td>2.8%</td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Multiracial_American?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Multiracial American">Two or more races</a></td> <td>—</td> <td>1.1%</td> <td>1.8%</td> <td>5.6%</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Iowa_2020_Population_Density.png?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Iowa_2020_Population_Density.png/220px-Iowa_2020_Population_Density.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="144" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2980" data-file-height="1954"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 144px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Iowa_2020_Population_Density.png/220px-Iowa_2020_Population_Density.png" data-width="220" data-height="144" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Iowa_2020_Population_Density.png/330px-Iowa_2020_Population_Density.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Iowa_2020_Population_Density.png/440px-Iowa_2020_Population_Density.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> Iowa 2020 Population Density map </figcaption> </figure> According to the 2016 <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/American_Community_Survey?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="American Community Survey">American Community Survey</a>, 5.6% of Iowa's population were of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hispanic_and_Latino_Americans?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hispanic and Latino Americans">Hispanic or Latino</a> origin (of any race): <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mexican_American?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Mexican American">Mexican</a> (4.3%), <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Puerto_Ricans?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Puerto Ricans">Puerto Rican</a> (0.2%), <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cuban_American?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Cuban American">Cuban</a> (0.1%), and other Hispanic or Latino origin (1.0%).<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-ACS2016DEMO-137">[134]</a> The five largest ancestry groups were: <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/German_American?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="German American">German</a> (35.1%), <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Irish_American?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Irish American">Irish</a> (13.5%), <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/English_American?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="English American">English</a> (8.2%), <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/American_ancestry?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="American ancestry">American</a> (5.8%), and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Norwegian_American?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Norwegian American">Norwegian</a> (5.0%).<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-138">[135]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Birth_data">Birth data</h3> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Iowa&action=edit&section=21&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Birth data" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Rural_flight2.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Rural_flight2.jpg/220px-Rural_flight2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="194" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1742" data-file-height="1534"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 194px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Rural_flight2.jpg/220px-Rural_flight2.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="194" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Rural_flight2.jpg/330px-Rural_flight2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Rural_flight2.jpg/440px-Rural_flight2.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> Population age comparison between rural <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pocahontas_County,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pocahontas County, Iowa">Pocahontas County</a> and urban <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Polk_County,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Polk County, Iowa">Polk County</a>, illustrating the flight of young adults (red) to urban centers in Iowa<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-139">[d]</a> </figcaption> </figure> Note: Births in table don't add up, because Hispanics are counted both by their ethnicity and by their race, giving a higher overall number. <table class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%;"> <caption> Live births by single race/ethnicity of mother </caption> <tbody> <tr> <th><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Race_and_ethnicity_in_the_United_States_Census?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Race and ethnicity in the United States Census">Race</a></th> <th>2013<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-140">[136]</a></th> <th>2014<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-141">[137]</a></th> <th>2015<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-142">[138]</a></th> <th>2016<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-143">[139]</a></th> <th>2017<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-144">[140]</a></th> <th>2018<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-145">[141]</a></th> <th>2019<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-146">[142]</a></th> <th>2020<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-147">[143]</a></th> <th>2021<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-148">[144]</a></th> <th>2022<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-149">[145]</a></th> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Non-Hispanic_whites?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Non-Hispanic whites">Non-Hispanic White</a></td> <td>32,302 (82.6%)</td> <td>32,423 (81.7%)</td> <td>32,028 (81.1%)</td> <td>31,376 (79.6%)</td> <td>30,010 (78.1%)</td> <td>29,327 (77.6%)</td> <td>29,050 (77.2%)</td> <td>27,542 (76.3%)</td> <td>28,167 (76.5%)</td> <td>27,527 (75.4%)</td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/African_Americans?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="African Americans">Black</a></td> <td>2,232 (5.7%)</td> <td>2,467 (6.2%)</td> <td>2,597 (6.6%)</td> <td>2,467 (6.3%)</td> <td>2,657 (6.9%)</td> <td>2,615 (6.9%)</td> <td>2,827 (7.5%)</td> <td>2,685 (7.4%)</td> <td>2,567 (7.0%)</td> <td>2,562 (7.0%)</td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Asian_Americans?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Asian Americans">Asian</a></td> <td>1,353 (3.5%)</td> <td>1,408 (3.5%)</td> <td>1,364 (3.4%)</td> <td>1,270 (3.2%)</td> <td>1,321 (3.4%)</td> <td>1,176 (3.1%)</td> <td>1,106 (2.9%)</td> <td>1,067 (2.9%)</td> <td>1,055 (2.9%)</td> <td>1,032 (2.8%)</td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Native Americans in the United States">Native American</a></td> <td>269 (0.7%)</td> <td>284 (0.7%)</td> <td>242 (0.6%)</td> <td>147 (0.4%)</td> <td>311 (0.8%)</td> <td>152 (0.4%)</td> <td>308 (0.8%)</td> <td>143 (0.4%)</td> <td>129 (0.3%)</td> <td>459 (1.3%)</td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hispanic_and_Latino_Americans?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hispanic and Latino Americans">Hispanic</a> (of any race)</td> <td>3,175 (8.1%)</td> <td>3,315 (8.3%)</td> <td>3,418 (8.6%)</td> <td>3,473 (8.8%)</td> <td>3,527 (9.2%)</td> <td>3,694 (9.8%)</td> <td>3,695 (9.8%)</td> <td>3,725 (10.3%)</td> <td>3,903 (10.6%)</td> <td>4,172 (11.4%)</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Total Iowa</td> <td>39,094 (100%)</td> <td>39,687 (100%)</td> <td>39,482 (100%)</td> <td>39,403 (100%)</td> <td>38,430 (100%)</td> <td>37,785 (100%)</td> <td>37,649 (100%)</td> <td>36,114 (100%)</td> <td>36,835 (100%)</td> <td>36,506 (100%)</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <ul> <li>Since 2016, data for births of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/White_Hispanic_and_Latino_Americans?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="White Hispanic and Latino Americans">White Hispanic</a> origin are not collected, but included in one Hispanic group; persons of Hispanic origin may be of any race.</li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Religion">Religion</h3> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Iowa&action=edit&section=22&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Religion" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Amana_Colonies.JPG?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Amana_Colonies.JPG/220px-Amana_Colonies.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2482" data-file-height="1755"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 156px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Amana_Colonies.JPG/220px-Amana_Colonies.JPG" data-width="220" data-height="156" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Amana_Colonies.JPG/330px-Amana_Colonies.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Amana_Colonies.JPG/440px-Amana_Colonies.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amana_Colonies?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amana Colonies">Amana Colonies</a> were founded by <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Germans?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Germans">German</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pietists?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Pietists">Pietists</a> </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Iowa_cross_on_hill-2.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Iowa_cross_on_hill-2.jpg/220px-Iowa_cross_on_hill-2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="73" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="7885" data-file-height="2603"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 73px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Iowa_cross_on_hill-2.jpg/220px-Iowa_cross_on_hill-2.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="73" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Iowa_cross_on_hill-2.jpg/330px-Iowa_cross_on_hill-2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Iowa_cross_on_hill-2.jpg/440px-Iowa_cross_on_hill-2.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> A <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Christian_cross?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Christian cross">Christian cross</a> on a hill in Iowa </figcaption> </figure> <div class="PieChartTemplate thumb tleft"> <div class="thumbinner" style="width:202px"> <div class="mw-no-invert" style="background-color:white;margin:auto;position:relative;width:200px;height:200px;overflow:hidden;border-radius:100px;border:1px solid black;transform:scaleX(-1)rotate(-90deg)"> <div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:0; top:0; border-width:0 200px 200px 0; border-color:Black; z-index:-1"></div> <div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 791.58150883059px; border-left-color:White"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:White"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:White"></div> <div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;right:100px; top:100px; border-width:92.977648588825px 36.812455268468px 0 0; border-top-color:Teal"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:Teal"></div> <div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;right:100px; top:100px; border-width:90.482705246602px 42.577929156507px 0 0; border-top-color:Purple"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:Purple"></div> <div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;right:100px; top:0; border-width:0 791.58150883058px 100px 0; border-right-color:Blue"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;right:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 100px 0;border-color:Blue"></div> </div> <div class="thumbcaption"> Religious self-identification, per <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Public_Religion_Research_Institute?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Public Religion Research Institute">Public Religion Research Institute</a>'s 2022 American Values Survey<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-150">[146]</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"> <div class="legend">   <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Protestantism_in_the_United_States?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Protestantism in the United States">Protestantism</a> (48%) </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"> <div class="legend">   <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Catholic_Church_in_the_United_States?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Catholic Church in the United States">Catholicism</a> (20%) </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"> <div class="legend">   <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Unitarianism?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Unitarianism">Unitarian</a>/<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Unitarian_Universalism?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Unitarian Universalism">Universalist</a> (1%) </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"> <div class="legend">   <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Irreligion_in_the_United_States?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Irreligion in the United States">Unaffiliated</a> (29%) </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"> <div class="legend">   Other (2%) </div> </div> </div> </div> A 2014 survey by <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pew_Research_Center?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pew Research Center">Pew Research Center</a> found 60% of Iowans are <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Protestant?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestant">Protestant</a>, while 18% are <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Catholic?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic">Catholic</a>, and 1% are of non-Christian religions. 21% responded with non-religious, and 1% did not answer.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-pew2014-151">[147]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-152">[148]</a> A survey from the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Association_of_Religion_Data_Archives?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Association of Religion Data Archives">Association of Religion Data Archives</a> (ARDA) in 2010 found that the largest Protestant denominations were the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/United_Methodist_Church?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="United Methodist Church">United Methodist Church</a> with 235,190 adherents and the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Evangelical_Lutheran_Church_in_America?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Evangelical Lutheran Church in America">Evangelical Lutheran Church in America</a> with 229,557. The largest non-Protestant religion was <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Catholicism?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholicism">Catholicism</a> with 503,080 adherents. The state has a great number of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Calvinist?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Calvinist">Calvinist</a> denominations. The <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Presbyterian_Church_(USA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Presbyterian Church (USA)">Presbyterian Church (USA)</a> had almost 290 congregations and 51,380 members followed by the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Reformed_Church_in_America?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Reformed Church in America">Reformed Church in America</a> with 80 churches and 40,000 members, and the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/United_Church_of_Christ?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="United Church of Christ">United Church of Christ</a> had 180 churches and 39,000 members.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-www.thearda.com-153">[149]</a> According to the 2020 <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Public_Religion_Research_Institute?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Public Religion Research Institute">Public Religion Research Institute</a>'s study, 26% of the population were irreligious.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-154">[150]</a> The study Religious Congregations & Membership: 2000<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-155">[151]</a> found in the southernmost two tiers of Iowa counties and in other counties in the center of the state, the largest religious group was the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/United_Methodist_Church?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="United Methodist Church">United Methodist Church</a>; in the northeast part of the state, including <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dubuque_County,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dubuque County, Iowa">Dubuque</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Linn_County,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Linn County, Iowa">Linn</a> counties (where <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cedar_Rapids?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Cedar Rapids">Cedar Rapids</a> is located), the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Catholic_Church?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Catholic Church">Catholic Church</a> was the largest; and in ten counties, including three in the northern tier, the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Evangelical_Lutheran_Church_in_America?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Evangelical Lutheran Church in America">Evangelical Lutheran Church in America</a> was the largest. The study also found rapid growth in Evangelical Christian denominations. Dubuque is home to the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Dubuque?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Dubuque">Archdiocese of Dubuque</a>, which serves as the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ecclesiastical_province?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ecclesiastical province">ecclesiastical province</a> for all three other dioceses in the state and for all the Catholics in the entire state of Iowa. Historically, religious sects and orders who desired to live apart from the rest of society established themselves in Iowa, such as the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amish?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amish">Amish</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mennonite?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Mennonite">Mennonite</a> near <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kalona,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kalona, Iowa">Kalona</a> and in other parts of eastern Iowa such as <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Davis_County,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Davis County, Iowa">Davis County</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Buchanan_County,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Buchanan County, Iowa">Buchanan County</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-156">[152]</a> Other religious sects and orders living apart include <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Quakers?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Quakers">Quakers</a> around <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/West_Branch,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="West Branch, Iowa">West Branch</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Le_Grand,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Le Grand, Iowa">Le Grand</a>, German <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pietists?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Pietists">Pietists</a> who founded the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amana_Colonies?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amana Colonies">Amana Colonies</a>, followers of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Transcendental_Meditation?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Transcendental Meditation">Transcendental Meditation</a> who founded <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Maharishi_Vedic_City,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Maharishi Vedic City, Iowa">Maharishi Vedic City</a>, and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Trappist?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Trappist">Order of Cistercians of the Strict Observance</a> monks and nuns at the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/New_Melleray_Abbey?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="New Melleray Abbey">New Melleray</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Our_Lady_of_the_Mississippi_Abbey?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Our Lady of the Mississippi Abbey">Our Lady of the Mississippi</a> Abbeys near <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dubuque,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dubuque, Iowa">Dubuque</a>. By 1878, approximately 1000 Jewish people lived in Iowa, many of whom were immigrants from Poland and Germany.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-157">[153]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-158">[154]</a> As of 2016<a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DIowa%26action%3Dedit">[update]</a> about 6,000 Jews live in Iowa, with about 3,000 of them in Des Moines.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Tapper-159">[155]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Language">Language</h3> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Iowa&action=edit&section=23&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Language" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> English is the most common language in Iowa, being the sole language spoken by 91.1% of the population. Less common languages include sign language and indigenous languages. About 2.5% of the general population use sign language as of 2017, while indigenous languages are spoken by about 0.5% of the population.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-160">[156]</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/William_Labov?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="William Labov">William Labov</a> and colleagues, in the monumental Atlas of North American English<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-161">[157]</a> found the English spoken in Iowa divides into multiple linguistic regions. Natives of northern Iowa—including <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sioux_City?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Sioux City">Sioux City</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fort_Dodge?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Fort Dodge">Fort Dodge</a>, and the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Waterloo,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Waterloo, Iowa">Waterloo</a> region—tend to speak the dialect linguists call <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/North_Central_American_English?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="North Central American English">North Central American English</a>, which is also found in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/North_Dakota?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="North Dakota">North</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/South_Dakota?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="South Dakota">South Dakota</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Minnesota?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Minnesota">Minnesota</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wisconsin?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a>, and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Michigan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Michigan">Michigan</a>. Natives of central and southern Iowa—including such cities as <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Council_Bluffs,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Council Bluffs, Iowa">Council Bluffs</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Davenport,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Davenport, Iowa">Davenport</a>, Des Moines, and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa_City,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iowa City, Iowa">Iowa City</a>—tend to speak the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Midland_American_English?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Midland American English">North Midland</a> dialect also found in eastern Nebraska, central Illinois, and central Indiana.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-162">[158]</a> Natives of East-Central Iowa—including cities such as <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cedar_Rapids?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Cedar Rapids">Cedar Rapids</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dubuque,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dubuque, Iowa">Dubuque</a>, and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Clinton,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Clinton, Iowa">Clinton</a> tend to speak with the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Northern_Cities_Vowel_Shift?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Northern Cities Vowel Shift">Northern Cities Vowel Shift</a>, a dialect that extends from this area and east across the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Great_Lakes_Region?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Great Lakes Region">Great Lakes Region</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-163">[159]</a> After English, Spanish is the second-most-common language spoken in Iowa, with 120,000 people in Iowa of Hispanic or Latino origin and 47,000 people born in Latin America.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-164">[160]</a> The third-most-common language is German, spoken by 17,000 people in Iowa; two notable German dialects used in Iowa include <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amana_German?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amana German">Amana German</a> spoken around the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amana_Colonies?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amana Colonies">Amana Colonies</a>, and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pennsylvania_German_language?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Pennsylvania German language">Pennsylvania German</a>, spoken among the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amish?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amish">Amish</a> in Iowa. The <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Babel_Proclamation?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Babel Proclamation">Babel Proclamation</a> of 1918 banned the speaking of German in public. Around <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pella,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pella, Iowa">Pella</a>, residents of Dutch descent once spoke the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pella_Dutch_dialect?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Pella Dutch dialect">Pella Dutch dialect</a>. </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"> <h2 id="Attractions">Attractions</h2> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Iowa&action=edit&section=24&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Attractions" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Central_Iowa">Central Iowa</h3> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Iowa&action=edit&section=25&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Central Iowa" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:RG_Christina_Reiman_Butterfly_Wing.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/RG_Christina_Reiman_Butterfly_Wing.jpg/170px-RG_Christina_Reiman_Butterfly_Wing.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="256" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1185" data-file-height="1781"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 170px;height: 256px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/RG_Christina_Reiman_Butterfly_Wing.jpg/170px-RG_Christina_Reiman_Butterfly_Wing.jpg" data-width="170" data-height="256" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/RG_Christina_Reiman_Butterfly_Wing.jpg/255px-RG_Christina_Reiman_Butterfly_Wing.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/RG_Christina_Reiman_Butterfly_Wing.jpg/340px-RG_Christina_Reiman_Butterfly_Wing.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> The Christina Reiman Butterfly Wing at <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa_State_University?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iowa State University">Iowa State University</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ames,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ames, Iowa">Ames</a> </figcaption> </figure> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ames,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ames, Iowa">Ames</a> is the home of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa_State_University?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iowa State University">Iowa State University</a>, the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa_State_Center?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iowa State Center">Iowa State Center</a>, and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Reiman_Gardens?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Reiman Gardens">Reiman Gardens</a>. Des Moines is the largest city and metropolitan area<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-MSA-165">[e]</a> in Iowa and the state's political and economic center. It is home to the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa_State_Capitol?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iowa State Capitol">Iowa State Capitol</a>, the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/State_Historical_Society_of_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="State Historical Society of Iowa">State Historical Society of Iowa</a> Museum, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Drake_University?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Drake University">Drake University</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Des_Moines_Art_Center?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Des Moines Art Center">Des Moines Art Center</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Greater_Des_Moines_Botanical_Garden?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Greater Des Moines Botanical Garden">Greater Des Moines Botanical Garden</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Principal_Riverwalk?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Principal Riverwalk">Principal Riverwalk</a>, the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa_State_Fair?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iowa State Fair">Iowa State Fair</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Terrace_Hill?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Terrace Hill">Terrace Hill</a>, and the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/World_Food_Prize?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="World Food Prize">World Food Prize</a>. Nearby attractions include <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Adventureland_(Iowa)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Adventureland (Iowa)">Adventureland</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Prairie_Meadows_Racetrack?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Prairie Meadows Racetrack">Prairie Meadows Racetrack</a> Casino in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Altoona,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Altoona, Iowa">Altoona</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Living_History_Farms?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Living History Farms">Living History Farms</a> in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Urbandale,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Urbandale, Iowa">Urbandale</a>, Trainland USA in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Colfax,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Colfax, Iowa">Colfax</a>, and the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa_Speedway?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iowa Speedway">Iowa Speedway</a> and Valle Drive-In in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Newton,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Newton, Iowa">Newton</a>. <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Des_Moines_skyline.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Des_Moines_skyline.jpg/220px-Des_Moines_skyline.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="121" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2856" data-file-height="1572"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 121px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Des_Moines_skyline.jpg/220px-Des_Moines_skyline.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="121" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Des_Moines_skyline.jpg/330px-Des_Moines_skyline.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Des_Moines_skyline.jpg/440px-Des_Moines_skyline.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> Skyline of Des Moines, Iowa's capital and largest city </figcaption> </figure> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Boone,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Boone, Iowa">Boone</a> hosts the biennial <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Farm_Progress_Show?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Farm Progress Show">Farm Progress Show</a> and is home to the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mamie_Eisenhower?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mamie Eisenhower">Mamie Doud Eisenhower</a> museum, the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Boone_and_Scenic_Valley_Railroad?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Boone and Scenic Valley Railroad">Boone and Scenic Valley Railroad</a>, and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ledges_State_Park?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ledges State Park">Ledges State Park</a>. The <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Meskwaki_Settlement?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Meskwaki Settlement">Meskwaki Settlement</a> west of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tama,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tama, Iowa">Tama</a> is the only Native American settlement in Iowa and is host to a large annual <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pow-wow?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Pow-wow">Pow-wow</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madison_County,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Madison County, Iowa">Madison County</a> is known for its covered bridges. Also in Madison County is the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/John_Wayne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="John Wayne">John Wayne</a> Birthplace Museum is in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Winterset,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Winterset, Iowa">Winterset</a>. Other communities with vibrant historic downtown areas include <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Newton,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Newton, Iowa">Newton</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Indianola,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Indianola, Iowa">Indianola</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pella,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pella, Iowa">Pella</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Knoxville,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Knoxville, Iowa">Knoxville</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Marshalltown,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Marshalltown, Iowa">Marshalltown</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Perry,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Perry, Iowa">Perry</a>, and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Story_City,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Story City, Iowa">Story City</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Eastern_Iowa">Eastern Iowa</h3> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Iowa&action=edit&section=26&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Eastern Iowa" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Old_Capitol_Iowa_City.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Old_Capitol_Iowa_City.jpg/220px-Old_Capitol_Iowa_City.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="155" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2396" data-file-height="1684"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 155px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Old_Capitol_Iowa_City.jpg/220px-Old_Capitol_Iowa_City.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="155" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Old_Capitol_Iowa_City.jpg/330px-Old_Capitol_Iowa_City.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Old_Capitol_Iowa_City.jpg/440px-Old_Capitol_Iowa_City.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> Old Capitol, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa_City?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Iowa City">Iowa City</a> </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Davenport_Skybridge_at_night.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Davenport_Skybridge_at_night.jpg/220px-Davenport_Skybridge_at_night.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1832" data-file-height="1374"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 165px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Davenport_Skybridge_at_night.jpg/220px-Davenport_Skybridge_at_night.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="165" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Davenport_Skybridge_at_night.jpg/330px-Davenport_Skybridge_at_night.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Davenport_Skybridge_at_night.jpg/440px-Davenport_Skybridge_at_night.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> Inside the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Davenport_Skybridge?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Davenport Skybridge">Davenport Skybridge</a> </figcaption> </figure> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa_City?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Iowa City">Iowa City</a> is home to the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/University_of_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="University of Iowa">University of Iowa</a>, which includes the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa_Writers%27_Workshop?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iowa Writers' Workshop">Iowa Writers' Workshop</a>, and the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa_Old_Capitol_Building?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iowa Old Capitol Building">Old Capitol building</a>. Because of the extraordinary history in the teaching and sponsoring of creative writing that emanated from the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa_Writers%27_Workshop?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iowa Writers' Workshop">Iowa Writers' Workshop</a> and related programs, Iowa City was the first American city designated by the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/United_Nations?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="United Nations">United Nations</a> as a "<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/City_of_Literature?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="City of Literature">City of Literature</a>" in the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/UNESCO?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="UNESCO">UNESCO</a> Creative Cities Network.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-166">[161]</a> The <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Herbert_Hoover_National_Historic_Site?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Herbert Hoover National Historic Site">Herbert Hoover National Historic Site</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Herbert_Hoover_Presidential_Library_and_Museum?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Herbert Hoover Presidential Library and Museum">Herbert Hoover Presidential Library and Museum</a> are in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/West_Branch,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="West Branch, Iowa">West Branch</a>. The <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amana_Colonies,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Amana Colonies, Iowa">Amana Colonies</a> are a group of settlements of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Germans?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Germans">German</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pietists?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Pietists">Pietists</a> comprising seven villages listed as <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/National_Historic_Landmark?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="National Historic Landmark">National Historic Landmarks</a>. The <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cedar_Rapids_Museum_of_Art?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cedar Rapids Museum of Art">Cedar Rapids Museum of Art</a> has collections of paintings by <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Grant_Wood?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Grant Wood">Grant Wood</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Marvin_Cone?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Marvin Cone">Marvin Cone</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cedar_Rapids,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cedar Rapids, Iowa">Cedar Rapids</a> is also home to the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/National_Czech_%26_Slovak_Museum_%26_Library?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="National Czech & Slovak Museum & Library">National Czech & Slovak Museum & Library</a> and Iowa's only <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/National_Trust_for_Historic_Preservation?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="National Trust for Historic Preservation">National Trust for Historic Preservation</a> Site, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Brucemore?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Brucemore">Brucemore</a> mansion. <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Brucemore_entrance.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Brucemore_entrance.jpg/220px-Brucemore_entrance.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 165px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Brucemore_entrance.jpg/220px-Brucemore_entrance.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="165" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Brucemore_entrance.jpg/330px-Brucemore_entrance.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Brucemore_entrance.jpg/440px-Brucemore_entrance.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Brucemore?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Brucemore">Brucemore</a>, in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cedar_Rapids,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cedar Rapids, Iowa">Cedar Rapids, Iowa</a> </figcaption> </figure> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Davenport,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Davenport, Iowa">Davenport</a> boasts the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Figge_Art_Museum?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Figge Art Museum">Figge Art Museum</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/River_Music_Experience?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="River Music Experience">River Music Experience</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Putnam_Museum?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Putnam Museum">Putnam Museum</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Davenport_Skybridge?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Davenport Skybridge">Davenport Skybridge</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Quad_City_Symphony_Orchestra?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Quad City Symphony Orchestra">Quad City Symphony Orchestra</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ballet_Quad_Cities?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ballet Quad Cities">Ballet Quad Cities</a>, and plays host to the annual <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bix_Beiderbecke_Memorial_Jazz_Festival?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bix Beiderbecke Memorial Jazz Festival">Bix Beiderbecke Memorial Jazz Festival</a>, and the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Quad_City_Air_Show?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Quad City Air Show">Quad City Air Show</a>, which is the largest airshow in the state. Other communities with vibrant historic downtown areas include <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/West_Liberty,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="West Liberty, Iowa">West Liberty</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fairfield,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Fairfield, Iowa">Fairfield</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Burlington,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Burlington, Iowa">Burlington</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mount_Pleasant,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mount Pleasant, Iowa">Mount Pleasant</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fort_Madison,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Fort Madison, Iowa">Fort Madison</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/LeClaire,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="LeClaire, Iowa">LeClaire</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mount_Vernon,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mount Vernon, Iowa">Mount Vernon</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ottumwa,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ottumwa, Iowa">Ottumwa</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Washington,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Washington, Iowa">Washington</a>, and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wilton,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wilton, Iowa">Wilton</a>. Along Interstate 80 near <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Walcott,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Walcott, Iowa">Walcott</a> lies the world's largest truck stop, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa_80?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iowa 80">Iowa 80</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Western_Iowa">Western Iowa</h3> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Iowa&action=edit&section=27&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Western Iowa" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> Some of the most dramatic scenery in Iowa is found in the unique <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Loess_Hills?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Loess Hills">Loess Hills</a> which are found along Iowa's western border. <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Kurmmann_block_sioux_city.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Kurmmann_block_sioux_city.jpg/170px-Kurmmann_block_sioux_city.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2448" data-file-height="3264"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 170px;height: 227px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Kurmmann_block_sioux_city.jpg/170px-Kurmmann_block_sioux_city.jpg" data-width="170" data-height="227" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Kurmmann_block_sioux_city.jpg/255px-Kurmmann_block_sioux_city.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Kurmmann_block_sioux_city.jpg/340px-Kurmmann_block_sioux_city.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> Historic <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fourth_Street_Historic_District_(Sioux_City,_Iowa)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Fourth Street Historic District (Sioux City, Iowa)">Fourth Street</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sioux_City,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sioux City, Iowa">Sioux City</a> </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Loess_hills.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Loess_hills.jpg/220px-Loess_hills.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="112" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1322"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 112px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Loess_hills.jpg/220px-Loess_hills.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="112" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Loess_hills.jpg/330px-Loess_hills.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Loess_hills.jpg/440px-Loess_hills.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> Loess Hills east of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mondamin,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mondamin, Iowa">Mondamin</a> </figcaption> </figure> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sioux_City,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sioux City, Iowa">Sioux City</a> is the largest city in western Iowa and is found on the convergence of the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Missouri_River?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Missouri River">Missouri</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Floyd_River?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Floyd River">Floyd</a>, and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Big_Sioux_River?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Big Sioux River">Big Sioux</a> Rivers. The <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sioux_City_metropolitan_area?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sioux City metropolitan area">Sioux City Metropolitan Area</a> encompasses areas in three states: Iowa, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nebraska?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Nebraska">Nebraska</a>, and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/South_Dakota?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="South Dakota">South Dakota</a>. Sioux City boasts a revitalized downtown and includes attractions such as the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hard_Rock_Hotel_%26_Casino_Sioux_City?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hard Rock Hotel & Casino Sioux City">Hard Rock Hotel and Casino</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sergeant_Floyd_Monument?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sergeant Floyd Monument">Sergeant Floyd Monument</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sergeant_Floyd?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Sergeant Floyd">Sergeant Floyd</a> River Museum, the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tyson_Events_Center?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tyson Events Center">Tyson Events Center</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Southern_Hills_Mall?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Southern Hills Mall">Southern Hills Mall</a>, the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Orpheum_Theater_(Sioux_City)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Orpheum Theater (Sioux City)">Orpheum Theater</a>, and more. The historic downtown area is also filled with multiple restaurants, bars, and other entertainment venues. Sioux City is home to two higher education institutions, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Morningside_University?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Morningside University">Morningside College</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Briar_Cliff_University?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Briar Cliff University">Briar Cliff University</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Le_Mars,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Le Mars, Iowa">Le Mars</a> is in the northeastern part of the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sioux_City_metropolitan_area?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sioux City metropolitan area">Sioux City Metropolitan Area</a> and is the self-proclaimed "Ice Cream Capital of the World". Le Mars is home to <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wells_Enterprises?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wells Enterprises">Wells Enterprises</a>, one of the largest ice cream manufacturers in the world. Attractions in Le Mars include the Wells Visitor Center and Ice Cream Parlor, Archie's Wayside (steak house), Bob's Drive Inn, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tonsfeldt_Round_Barn?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tonsfeldt Round Barn">Tonsfeldt Round Barn</a>, Plymouth County Fairgrounds, Plymouth County Museum, and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Plymouth_County_Courthouse_(Iowa)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Plymouth County Courthouse (Iowa)">Plymouth County Courthouse</a>. Le Mars hosts multiple ice cream-themed community events each year. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Council_Bluffs,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Council Bluffs, Iowa">Council Bluffs</a>, part of the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Omaha_Metro?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Omaha Metro">Omaha, Nebraska Metropolitan Area</a> and a hub of southwest Iowa sits at the base of the Loess Hills National Scenic Byway. With three casino resorts, the city also includes such cultural attractions as the Western Hills Trails Center, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Union_Pacific_Railroad?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Union Pacific Railroad">Union Pacific Railroad</a> Museum, the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Grenville_M._Dodge_House?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Grenville M. Dodge House">Grenville M. Dodge House</a>, the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ruth_Anne_Dodge_Memorial?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ruth Anne Dodge Memorial">Ruth Anne Dodge Memorial</a>, and the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lewis_and_Clark?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Lewis and Clark">Lewis and Clark</a> Monument, with clear views of the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Downtown_Omaha?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Downtown Omaha">Downtown Omaha</a> skyline found throughout the city. <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Wpdms_usgs_iowa_great_lakes.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wpdms_usgs_iowa_great_lakes.jpg/183px-Wpdms_usgs_iowa_great_lakes.jpg" decoding="async" width="183" height="240" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="308" data-file-height="404"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 183px;height: 240px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wpdms_usgs_iowa_great_lakes.jpg/183px-Wpdms_usgs_iowa_great_lakes.jpg" data-width="183" data-height="240" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wpdms_usgs_iowa_great_lakes.jpg/274px-Wpdms_usgs_iowa_great_lakes.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fa/Wpdms_usgs_iowa_great_lakes.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> The Iowa Great Lakes located primarily in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dickinson_County,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dickinson County, Iowa">Dickinson County</a>, in the northwestern section of Iowa near the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Minnesota?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Minnesota">Minnesota</a> border </figcaption> </figure> The <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa_Great_Lakes?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iowa Great Lakes">Iowa Great Lakes</a> is made up of multiple small towns, such as <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Spirit_Lake,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Spirit Lake, Iowa">Spirit Lake</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arnolds_Park,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Arnolds Park, Iowa">Arnolds Park</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Milford,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Milford, Iowa">Milford</a>, and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Okoboji?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Okoboji">Okoboji</a>. Multiple resorts and other tourist attractions are found in and around these towns surrounding the popular lakes. Arnolds Park, one of the oldest amusement parks in the country, is located on Lake Okoboji in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arnolds_Park,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Arnolds Park, Iowa">Arnolds Park</a>. <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Grotto_Arcade.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/10/Grotto_Arcade.jpg/211px-Grotto_Arcade.jpg" decoding="async" width="211" height="140" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="1872"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 211px;height: 140px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/10/Grotto_Arcade.jpg/211px-Grotto_Arcade.jpg" data-alt="" data-width="211" data-height="140" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/10/Grotto_Arcade.jpg/317px-Grotto_Arcade.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/10/Grotto_Arcade.jpg/422px-Grotto_Arcade.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> View of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Grotto_of_the_Redemption?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Grotto of the Redemption">Grotto of the Redemption</a>'s Lower Arcade: Small Stations of the Cross, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/West_Bend,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="West Bend, Iowa">West Bend</a> </figcaption> </figure> The Sanford Museum and Planetarium in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cherokee,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cherokee, Iowa">Cherokee</a>, the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Grotto_of_the_Redemption?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Grotto of the Redemption">Grotto of the Redemption</a> in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/West_Bend,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="West Bend, Iowa">West Bend</a>, the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Museum_of_Danish_America?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Museum of Danish America">Museum of Danish America</a> in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elk_Horn,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Elk Horn, Iowa">Elk Horn</a>, and the Fort Museum and Frontier Village in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fort_Dodge,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Fort Dodge, Iowa">Fort Dodge</a> are other regional destinations. Every year in early May, the city of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Orange_City,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Orange City, Iowa">Orange City</a> holds the annual Tulip Festival, a celebration of the strong Dutch heritage in the region.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-167">[162]</a> Northwest Iowa is home to some of the largest concentrations of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wind_turbine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wind turbine">wind turbine</a> farms in the world. Other western communities with vibrant historic downtown areas include <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Storm_Lake,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Storm Lake, Iowa">Storm Lake</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Spencer,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Spencer, Iowa">Spencer</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Glenwood,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Glenwood, Iowa">Glenwood</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Carroll,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Carroll, Iowa">Carroll</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Harlan,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Harlan, Iowa">Harlan</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Atlantic,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Atlantic, Iowa">Atlantic</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Red_Oak,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Red Oak, Iowa">Red Oak</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Denison,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Denison, Iowa">Denison</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Creston,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Creston, Iowa">Creston</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mount_Ayr,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mount Ayr, Iowa">Mount Ayr</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sac_City,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sac City, Iowa">Sac City</a>, and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Walnut,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Walnut, Iowa">Walnut</a>. <div style="clear:left;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Northeast_and_Northern_Iowa">Northeast and Northern Iowa</h3> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Iowa&action=edit&section=28&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Northeast and Northern Iowa" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> "Northern Iowa" redirects here. For the University of Northern Iowa, see <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/University_of_Northern_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="University of Northern Iowa">University of Northern Iowa</a>. </div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Fort_Atkinson_Iowa.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Fort_Atkinson_Iowa.jpg/220px-Fort_Atkinson_Iowa.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="160" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1546" data-file-height="1125"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 160px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Fort_Atkinson_Iowa.jpg/220px-Fort_Atkinson_Iowa.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="160" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Fort_Atkinson_Iowa.jpg/330px-Fort_Atkinson_Iowa.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Fort_Atkinson_Iowa.jpg/440px-Fort_Atkinson_Iowa.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> Ruins of historic <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fort_Atkinson_State_Preserve?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Fort Atkinson State Preserve">Fort Atkinson</a> </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:FloatingSauna.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/FloatingSauna.jpg/220px-FloatingSauna.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 165px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/FloatingSauna.jpg/220px-FloatingSauna.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="165" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/FloatingSauna.jpg/330px-FloatingSauna.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/FloatingSauna.jpg/440px-FloatingSauna.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> Wood-heated floating <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sauna?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sauna">sauna</a> on the farm pond </figcaption> </figure> The <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Driftless_Area?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Driftless Area">Driftless Area</a> of northeast Iowa has many steep hills and deep valleys, checkered with forest and terraced fields. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Effigy_Mounds_National_Monument?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Effigy Mounds National Monument">Effigy Mounds National Monument</a> in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Allamakee_County,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Allamakee County, Iowa">Allamakee</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Clayton_County,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Clayton County, Iowa">Clayton Counties</a> has the largest assemblage of animal-shaped prehistoric mounds in the world. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Waterloo,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Waterloo, Iowa">Waterloo</a> is home of the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Grout_Museum?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Grout Museum">Grout Museum</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lost_Island_Theme_Park?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lost Island Theme Park">Lost Island Theme Park</a> and is headquarters of the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Silos_%26_Smokestacks_National_Heritage_Area?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Silos & Smokestacks National Heritage Area">Silos & Smokestacks National Heritage Area</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cedar_Falls,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cedar Falls, Iowa">Cedar Falls</a> is home of the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/University_of_Northern_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="University of Northern Iowa">University of Northern Iowa</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dubuque,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dubuque, Iowa">Dubuque</a> is a regional tourist destination with attractions such as the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/National_Mississippi_River_Museum_and_Aquarium?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="National Mississippi River Museum and Aquarium">National Mississippi River Museum and Aquarium</a> and the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Port_of_Dubuque?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Port of Dubuque">Port of Dubuque</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dyersville,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dyersville, Iowa">Dyersville</a> is home to the famed <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Field_of_Dreams_(Dubuque_County,_Iowa)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Field of Dreams (Dubuque County, Iowa)">Field of Dreams</a> baseball diamond. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Maquoketa_Caves_State_Park?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Maquoketa Caves State Park">Maquoketa Caves State Park</a>, near <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Maquoketa,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Maquoketa, Iowa">Maquoketa</a>, contains more caves than any other state park. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fort_Atkinson_State_Preserve?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Fort Atkinson State Preserve">Fort Atkinson State Preserve</a> in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fort_Atkinson,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Fort Atkinson, Iowa">Fort Atkinson</a> has the remains of an original 1840s <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dragoon?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dragoon">Dragoon</a> fortification. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fort_Dodge?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Fort Dodge">Fort Dodge</a> is home of The Fort historical museum and the Blanden Art Museum, and host Frontiers Days which celebrate the town history. Other communities with vibrant historic downtown areas include <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Decorah,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Decorah, Iowa">Decorah</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/McGregor,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="McGregor, Iowa">McGregor</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mason_City,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mason City, Iowa">Mason City</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elkader,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Elkader, Iowa">Elkader</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bellevue,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bellevue, Iowa">Bellevue</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Guttenberg,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Guttenberg, Iowa">Guttenberg</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Algona,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Algona, Iowa">Algona</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Spillville,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Spillville, Iowa">Spillville</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Charles_City,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Charles City, Iowa">Charles City</a>, and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Independence,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Independence, Iowa">Independence</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Statewide">Statewide</h3> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Iowa&action=edit&section=29&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Statewide" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> Iowa hosts <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/RAGBRAI?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="RAGBRAI">RAGBRAI</a>, the Register's Annual Great Bicycle Ride Across Iowa, which is a bike across the state river-to-river that attracts thousands of bicyclists and support personnel. It has crossed the state on various routes each year since 1973. Iowa is home to more than 70 wineries,<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-168">[163]</a> and hosts five regional wine tasting trails.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-169">[164]</a> Many Iowa communities hold farmers' markets during warmer months; these are typically weekly events, but larger cities can host multiple markets.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-170">[165]</a> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(6)"> <h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Iowa&action=edit&section=30&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Economy" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-6 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-6"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> See also: <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa_locations_by_per_capita_income?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Iowa locations by per capita income">Iowa locations by per capita income</a> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Iowa_products_2009.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Iowa_products_2009.jpg/310px-Iowa_products_2009.jpg" decoding="async" width="310" height="192" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1385" data-file-height="858"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 310px;height: 192px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Iowa_products_2009.jpg/310px-Iowa_products_2009.jpg" data-width="310" data-height="192" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Iowa_products_2009.jpg/465px-Iowa_products_2009.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Iowa_products_2009.jpg/620px-Iowa_products_2009.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> Iowa <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gross_state_product?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Gross state product">gross state products</a> by industry, 2009<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-171">[166]</a> </figcaption> </figure> <ul> <li>In 2016,<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-172">[167]</a> the total employment of the state's population was 1,354,487, and the total number of employer establishments was 81,563.</li> </ul> CNBC's list of "Top States for Business in 2010" has recognized Iowa as the sixth best state in the nation. Scored in 10 individual categories, Iowa was ranked first when it came to the "Cost of Doing Business"; this includes all taxes, utility costs, and other costs associated with doing business. Iowa was also ranked 10th in "Economy", 12th in "Business Friendliness", 16th in "Education", 17th in both "Cost of Living" and "Quality of Life", 20th in "Workforce", 29th in "Technology and Innovation", 32nd in "Transportation" and the lowest ranking was 36th in "Access to Capital".<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-173">[168]</a> While Iowa is often viewed as a farming state, agriculture is a relatively small portion of the state's diversified economy, with manufacturing, biotechnology, finance and insurance services, and government services contributing substantially to Iowa's economy.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-iowalifechanging.com-66">[65]</a> This economic diversity has helped Iowa weather the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Late-2000s_recession?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Late-2000s recession">late 2000s recession</a> better than most states, with unemployment substantially lower than the rest of the nation.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-174">[169]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-175">[170]</a> If the economy is measured by gross domestic product, in 2005 Iowa's GDP was about $124 billion.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-176">[171]</a> If measured by gross state product, for 2005 it was $113.5 billion.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Facts-177">[172]</a> Its per capita income for 2006 was $23,340.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Facts-177">[172]</a> On July 2, 2009, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Standard_%26_Poor%27s?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Standard & Poor's">Standard & Poor's</a> rated Iowa's credit as AAA (the highest of its credit ratings, held by only 11 U.S. state governments).<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-178">[173]</a> As of September 2021, the state's unemployment rate is 4.0%.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-179">[174]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Manufacturing">Manufacturing</h3> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Iowa&action=edit&section=31&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Manufacturing" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Manufacturing?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Manufacturing">Manufacturing</a> is the largest sector of Iowa's economy, with $20.8 billion (21%) of Iowa's 2003 gross state product. Major manufacturing sectors include <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Food_processing?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Food processing">food processing</a>, heavy machinery, and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Agrochemical?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Agrochemical">agricultural chemicals</a>. Sixteen percent of Iowa's workforce is dedicated to manufacturing.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-iowalifechanging.com-66">[65]</a> Food processing is the largest component of manufacturing. Besides processed food, industrial outputs include machinery, electric equipment, chemical products, publishing, and primary metals. Companies with direct or indirect processing facilities in Iowa include <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ConAgra_Foods?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="ConAgra Foods">ConAgra Foods</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wells_Dairy?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Wells Dairy">Wells Blue Bunny</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Barilla_Group?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Barilla Group">Barilla</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H._J._Heinz_Company?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="H. J. Heinz Company">Heinz</a>, Tone's Spices, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/General_Mills?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="General Mills">General Mills</a>, and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Quaker_Oats?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Quaker Oats">Quaker Oats</a>. Meatpacker <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tyson_Foods?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tyson Foods">Tyson Foods</a> has 11 locations, second only to its headquarter state Arkansas.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-180">[175]</a> Major non-food manufacturing firms with production facilities in Iowa include <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/3M?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="3M">3M</a>,<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-181">[176]</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arconic?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Arconic">Arconic</a>,<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-182">[177]</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amana_Corporation?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amana Corporation">Amana Corporation</a>,<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-183">[178]</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Emerson_Process_Management?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Emerson Process Management">Emerson Electric</a>,<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-184">[179]</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/The_HON_Company?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="The HON Company">The HON Company</a>,<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-185">[180]</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/SSAB?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="SSAB">SSAB</a>,<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-186">[181]</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/John_Deere?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="John Deere">John Deere</a>,<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-187">[182]</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lennox_International?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lennox International">Lennox Manufacturing</a>,<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-188">[183]</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pella_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pella (company)">Pella Corporation</a>,<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-189">[184]</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Procter_%26_Gamble?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Procter & Gamble">Procter & Gamble</a>,<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-190">[185]</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vermeer_Company?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Vermeer Company">Vermeer Company</a>,<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-191">[186]</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Winnebago_Industries?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Winnebago Industries">Winnebago Industries</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-192">[187]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Agriculture">Agriculture</h3> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Iowa&action=edit&section=32&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Agriculture" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Iowa_harvest_2009.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Iowa_harvest_2009.jpg/220px-Iowa_harvest_2009.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="123" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1992" data-file-height="1110"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 123px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Iowa_harvest_2009.jpg/220px-Iowa_harvest_2009.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="123" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Iowa_harvest_2009.jpg/330px-Iowa_harvest_2009.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Iowa_harvest_2009.jpg/440px-Iowa_harvest_2009.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> Harvesting <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Maize?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Maize">corn</a> in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jones_County,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jones County, Iowa">Jones County</a> </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Survivor,_Northwest_Iowa_7-13_(22550505788).jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Survivor%2C_Northwest_Iowa_7-13_%2822550505788%29.jpg/220px-Survivor%2C_Northwest_Iowa_7-13_%2822550505788%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="137" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1242"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 137px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Survivor%2C_Northwest_Iowa_7-13_%2822550505788%29.jpg/220px-Survivor%2C_Northwest_Iowa_7-13_%2822550505788%29.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="137" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Survivor%2C_Northwest_Iowa_7-13_%2822550505788%29.jpg/330px-Survivor%2C_Northwest_Iowa_7-13_%2822550505788%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Survivor%2C_Northwest_Iowa_7-13_%2822550505788%29.jpg/440px-Survivor%2C_Northwest_Iowa_7-13_%2822550505788%29.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> Farm in rural Northwest Iowa </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Maytag.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Maytag.jpg/220px-Maytag.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 165px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Maytag.jpg/220px-Maytag.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="165" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Maytag.jpg/330px-Maytag.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Maytag.jpg/440px-Maytag.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> Central Iowa cornfield and dairy in June </figcaption> </figure> Industrial-scale, commodity agriculture predominates in much of the state. Iowa's main conventional agricultural commodities are <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pig?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pig">hogs</a>, with about 22.6 million hogs in 8,000 facilities large enough to require manure management plans in March 2018, outnumbering Iowans by more than 7 to 1,<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Jordan-193">[188]</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Maize?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Maize">corn</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Soybean?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Soybean">soybeans</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Oat?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Oat">oats</a>, cattle, eggs, and dairy products. Iowa is the nation's largest producer of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ethanol?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ethanol">ethanol</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Maize?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Maize">corn</a> and some years is the largest grower of soybeans. In 2008, the 92,600 farms in Iowa produced 19% of the nation's corn, 17% of the soybeans, 30% of the hogs, and 14% of the eggs.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-194">[189]</a> As of 2009<a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DIowa%26action%3Dedit">[update]</a> major Iowa agricultural product processors included <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Archer_Daniels_Midland?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Archer Daniels Midland">Archer Daniels Midland</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cargill,_Inc.?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Cargill, Inc.">Cargill, Inc.</a>, Diamond V Mills, and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Quaker_Oats?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Quaker Oats">Quaker Oats</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-gazette_grain-195">[190]</a> During the 21st century Iowa has seen growth in the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Organic_farming?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Organic farming">organic farming</a> sector. Iowa ranks fifth in the nation in total number of organic farms. In 2016, there were about 732 organic farms in the state, an increase of about 5% from the previous year, and 103,136 organic acres, an increase of 9,429 from the previous year.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-196">[191]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-197">[192]</a> Iowa has also seen an increase in demand for local, sustainably-grown food. Northeast Iowa, part of the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Driftless_Area?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Driftless Area">Driftless Area</a>, has led the state in development of its regional <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Food_system?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Food system">food system</a> and grows and consumes more local food than any other region in Iowa.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-198">[193]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-199">[194]</a> Iowa's Driftless Region is also home to the nationally recognized <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Seed_Savers_Exchange?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Seed Savers Exchange">Seed Savers Exchange</a>, a non-profit <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Seed_bank?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Seed bank">seed bank</a> housed at an 890-acre heritage farm near <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Decorah,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Decorah, Iowa">Decorah</a>, in the northeast corner of the state.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-200">[195]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-201">[196]</a> The largest nongovernmental seed bank of its kind in the United States, Seed Savers Exchange safeguards more than 20,000 varieties of rare, heirloom seeds.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-202">[197]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Wall_Mural,_Mt_Ayr,_IA_Post_Office,_1998.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Wall_Mural%2C_Mt_Ayr%2C_IA_Post_Office%2C_1998.jpg/220px-Wall_Mural%2C_Mt_Ayr%2C_IA_Post_Office%2C_1998.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="141" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="668" data-file-height="428"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 141px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Wall_Mural%2C_Mt_Ayr%2C_IA_Post_Office%2C_1998.jpg/220px-Wall_Mural%2C_Mt_Ayr%2C_IA_Post_Office%2C_1998.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="141" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Wall_Mural%2C_Mt_Ayr%2C_IA_Post_Office%2C_1998.jpg/330px-Wall_Mural%2C_Mt_Ayr%2C_IA_Post_Office%2C_1998.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Wall_Mural%2C_Mt_Ayr%2C_IA_Post_Office%2C_1998.jpg/440px-Wall_Mural%2C_Mt_Ayr%2C_IA_Post_Office%2C_1998.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> Mural in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mount_Ayr,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mount Ayr, Iowa">Mt. Ayr</a> Post Office, "The Corn Parade" by Orr C. Fischer, which was commissioned as part of the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/New_Deal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="New Deal">New Deal</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-CornParade-203">[198]</a> </figcaption> </figure> As of 2007, the direct production and sale of conventional agricultural commodities contributed only about 3.5% of Iowa's gross state product.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-204">[199]</a> In 2002 the impact of the indirect role of agriculture in Iowa's economy, including agriculture-affiliated business, was calculated at 16.4% in terms of value added and 24.3% in terms of total output. This was lower than the economic impact of non-farm manufacturing, which accounted for 22.4% of total value added and 26.5% of total output.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-205">[200]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Health_insurance">Health insurance</h3> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Iowa&action=edit&section=33&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Health insurance" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> As of 2014, there were 16 organizations offering <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Health_insurance?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Health insurance">health insurance</a> products in Iowa, per the State of Iowa Insurance Division.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-iid-206">[201]</a> Iowa was fourth out of ten states with the biggest drop in competition levels of health insurance between 2010 and 2011, per the 2013 annual report on the level of competition in the health insurance industry by the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/American_Medical_Association?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="American Medical Association">American Medical Association</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-comp2013-207">[202]</a> using 2011 data from HealthLeaders-Interstudy, the most comprehensive source of data on enrollment in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Health_maintenance_organization?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Health maintenance organization">health maintenance organization</a> (HMO), <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Preferred_provider_organization?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Preferred provider organization">preferred provider organization</a> (PPO), <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Point-of-service?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Point-of-service">point-of-service</a> (POS) and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Consumer-driven_health_care?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Consumer-driven health care">consumer-driven health care</a> plans.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-208">[203]</a> According to the AMA annual report from 2007 <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wellmark_Blue_Cross_Blue_Shield?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wellmark Blue Cross Blue Shield">Wellmark Blue Cross Blue Shield</a> had provided 71% of the state's health insurance.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-209">[204]</a> The Iowa Insurance Division "Annual report to the Iowa Governor and the Iowa Legislature" from November 2014 looked at the 95% of health insurers by premium, which are 10 companies. It found Wellmark Inc. to dominate the three health insurance markets it examined (individual, small group and large group) at 52–67%.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-iidreport-210">[205]</a>: 2 Wellmark HealthPlan of Iowa and Wellmark Inc had the highest risk-based capital percentages of all 10 providers at 1158% and 1132%, respectively.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-iidreport-210">[205]</a>: 31 Rising RBC is an indication of profits.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-iidreport-210">[205]</a>: 31 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Other_sectors">Other sectors</h3> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Iowa&action=edit&section=34&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Other sectors" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Ethanol_butler_co_iowa.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Ethanol_butler_co_iowa.jpg/220px-Ethanol_butler_co_iowa.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="143" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1576" data-file-height="1024"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 143px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Ethanol_butler_co_iowa.jpg/220px-Ethanol_butler_co_iowa.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="143" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Ethanol_butler_co_iowa.jpg/330px-Ethanol_butler_co_iowa.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Ethanol_butler_co_iowa.jpg/440px-Ethanol_butler_co_iowa.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> Ethanol plant under construction in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Butler_County,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Butler County, Iowa">Butler County</a> </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Turbines_iowa.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Turbines_iowa.jpg/220px-Turbines_iowa.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="108" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3911" data-file-height="1926"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 108px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Turbines_iowa.jpg/220px-Turbines_iowa.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="108" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Turbines_iowa.jpg/330px-Turbines_iowa.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Turbines_iowa.jpg/440px-Turbines_iowa.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> Wind turbines near <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Williams,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Williams, Iowa">Williams, Iowa</a> </figcaption> </figure> Iowa has a strong financial and insurance sector, with approximately 6,100 firms,<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-iowalifechanging.com-66">[65]</a> including <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aegon_N.V.?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Aegon N.V.">AEGON</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nationwide_Mutual_Insurance_Company?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Nationwide Mutual Insurance Company">Nationwide Group</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aviva?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aviva">Aviva USA</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nationwide_Mutual_Insurance_Company?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Nationwide Mutual Insurance Company">Farm Bureau Financial Services</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/GreatAmerica_Financial_Services?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="GreatAmerica Financial Services">GreatAmerica Financial Services</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Voya_Financial?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Voya Financial">Voya Financial</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Marsh_%26_McLennan_Companies?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Marsh & McLennan Companies">Marsh Affinity Group</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/MetLife?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="MetLife">MetLife</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Principal_Financial_Group?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Principal Financial Group">Principal Financial Group</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Principal_Capital_Management?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Principal Capital Management">Principal Capital Management</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wells_Fargo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wells Fargo">Wells Fargo</a>, and Greenstate Credit Union (formerly University of Iowa Community Credit Union). Iowa is host to at least two business incubators, Iowa State University Research Park and the BioVentures Center at the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/University_of_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="University of Iowa">University of Iowa</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-philipiddis2014-211">[206]</a> The Research Park hosts about 50 companies, among them NewLink Genetics, which develops <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cancer_immunotherapy?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cancer immunotherapy">cancer immunotherapeutics</a>, and the U.S. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Animal_health?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Animal health">animal health</a> division of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Boehringer_Ingelheim?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Boehringer Ingelheim">Boehringer Ingelheim</a>, Vetmedica.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-philipiddis2014-211">[206]</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ethanol_fuel?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ethanol fuel">Ethanol</a> production consumes about a third of Iowa's corn production, and renewable fuels account for eight percent of the state's gross domestic product. A total of 39 ethanol plants produced 3.1 billion US gallons (12,000,000 m3) of fuel in 2009.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-ethanol1-212">[207]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Iowa_electricity_production_by_type.webp?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Iowa_electricity_production_by_type.webp/220px-Iowa_electricity_production_by_type.webp.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="91" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="4435" data-file-height="1833"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 91px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Iowa_electricity_production_by_type.webp/220px-Iowa_electricity_production_by_type.webp.png" data-width="220" data-height="91" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Iowa_electricity_production_by_type.webp/330px-Iowa_electricity_production_by_type.webp.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Iowa_electricity_production_by_type.webp/440px-Iowa_electricity_production_by_type.webp.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> Iowa electricity production by type </figcaption> </figure> Renewable energy has become a major economic force in northern and western Iowa, with <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wind_turbine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wind turbine">wind turbine</a> electrical generation increasing exponentially since 1990.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-energy.iastate.edu-16">[15]</a> In 2019, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wind_power_in_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wind power in Iowa">wind power in Iowa</a> accounted for 42% of electrical energy produced, and 10,201 megawatts of generating capacity had been installed at the end of the year.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-eia_epm0217-213">[208]</a> Iowa ranked first of U.S. states in percentage of total power generated by wind and second in wind generating capacity behind Texas.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-eia_epm0217-213">[208]</a> Major producers of turbines and components in Iowa include <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Acciona_Energy?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Acciona Energy">Acciona Energy</a> of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/West_Branch,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="West Branch, Iowa">West Branch</a>, TPI Composites of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Newton,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Newton, Iowa">Newton</a>, and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Siemens?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Siemens">Siemens</a> Energy of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fort_Madison?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Fort Madison">Fort Madison</a>. In 2016, Iowa was the headquarters for three of the top 2,000 companies for revenue.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-214">[209]</a> They include <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Principal_Financial?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Principal Financial">Principal Financial</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Rockwell_Collins?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Rockwell Collins">Rockwell Collins</a>, and American Equity Investment.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-215">[210]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-216">[211]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-217">[212]</a> Iowa is also headquarters to other companies including <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hy-Vee?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hy-Vee">Hy-Vee</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pella_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pella (company)">Pella Corporation</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Workiva?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Workiva">Workiva</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vermeer_Company?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Vermeer Company">Vermeer Company</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kum_%26_Go?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kum & Go">Kum & Go</a> gas stations, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Von_Maur?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Von Maur">Von Maur</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pioneer_Hi-Bred?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Pioneer Hi-Bred">Pioneer Hi-Bred</a>, and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fareway?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Fareway">Fareway</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-218">[213]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-219">[214]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-220">[215]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-221">[216]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-222">[217]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-223">[218]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-224">[219]</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gambling_in_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gambling in Iowa">Gambling in the state</a> is a major section of the Iowa tourism industry.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-:1-225">[220]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Taxation">Taxation</h3> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Iowa&action=edit&section=35&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Taxation" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> Tax is collected by the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa_Department_of_Revenue?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Iowa Department of Revenue">Iowa Department of Revenue</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-226">[221]</a> Iowa imposes taxes on net state income of individuals, estates, and trusts. There are nine <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Income_tax?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Income tax">income tax</a> brackets, ranging from 0.36% to 8.98%, as well as four corporate income tax brackets ranging from 6% to 12%, giving Iowa the country's highest marginal corporate tax rate.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-227">[222]</a> The state <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sales_tax?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sales tax">sales tax</a> rate is 6%, with non-prepared food having no tax.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-228">[223]</a> Iowa has one local option sales tax that may be imposed by counties after an election.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-229">[224]</a> Property tax is levied on the taxable value of real property. Iowa has more than 2,000 taxing authorities. Most property is taxed by more than one taxing authority. The tax rate differs in each locality and is a composite of county, city or rural township, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/School_district?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="School district">school district</a> and special levies. Iowa allows its residents to deduct their <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Federal_income_tax?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal income tax">federal income taxes</a> from their state income taxes.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-230">[225]</a> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(7)"> <h2 id="Education">Education</h2> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Iowa&action=edit&section=36&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Education" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-7 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-7"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Primary_and_secondary_schools">Primary and secondary schools</h3> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Iowa&action=edit&section=37&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Primary and secondary schools" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> See also: <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/List_of_school_districts_in_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="List of school districts in Iowa">List of school districts in Iowa</a> </div> Iowa was one of the leading states in the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/High_school_movement?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="High school movement">high school movement</a>, and continues to be among the top educational performers today.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-231">[226]</a> The four-year graduation rate for high schoolers was 91.3% in 2017.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Grad_rate_2016-232">[227]</a> Iowa's schools are credited with the highest graduation rate in the nation as of 2019.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-233">[228]</a> Iowa has 333 school districts,<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Grad_rate_2016-232">[227]</a> 1,329 school buildings and has the 14th lowest student-to-teacher ratio of 14.2.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-NEA-234">[229]</a> Teacher pay is ranked 22nd, with the average salary being $55,647.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-NEA-234">[229]</a> As of 2015<a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DIowa%26action%3Dedit">[update]</a> transportation spending is a significant part of the budgets of rural school districts as many are geographically large and must transport students across vast distances. This reduces the amount of money spent on other aspects of the districts.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-235">[230]</a> The state's oldest functioning school building is located in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bellevue,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bellevue, Iowa">Bellevue</a> in the historic <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jackson_County_Courthouse_(Bellevue,_Iowa)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jackson County Courthouse (Bellevue, Iowa)">Jackson County Courthouse</a> which has been in continuous use as a school since 1848.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-236">[231]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Colleges_and_universities">Colleges and universities</h3> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Iowa&action=edit&section=38&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Colleges and universities" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> See also: <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/List_of_colleges_and_universities_in_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="List of colleges and universities in Iowa">List of colleges and universities in Iowa</a> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Palmer_Chiropractic_College.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Palmer_Chiropractic_College.jpg/220px-Palmer_Chiropractic_College.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="97" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="283"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 97px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Palmer_Chiropractic_College.jpg/220px-Palmer_Chiropractic_College.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="97" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Palmer_Chiropractic_College.jpg/330px-Palmer_Chiropractic_College.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Palmer_Chiropractic_College.jpg/440px-Palmer_Chiropractic_College.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Palmer_Chiropractic_College?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Palmer Chiropractic College">Palmer Chiropractic College</a> in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Davenport,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Davenport, Iowa">Davenport</a> is the first school of chiropractic in the world. </figcaption> </figure> The <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Board_of_Regents,_State_of_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Board of Regents, State of Iowa">Iowa Board of Regents</a> is composed of nine citizen volunteers appointed by the governor to provide policymaking, coordination, and oversight of the state's three public universities, two special K–12 schools, and affiliated centers.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-BoR-237">[232]</a> The special K–12 schools include the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa_School_for_the_Deaf?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iowa School for the Deaf">Iowa School for the Deaf</a> in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Council_Bluffs,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Council Bluffs, Iowa">Council Bluffs</a> and the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa_Braille_and_Sight_Saving_School?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iowa Braille and Sight Saving School">Iowa Braille and Sight Saving School</a> in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vinton,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vinton, Iowa">Vinton</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-BoR-237">[232]</a> Both <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa_State_University?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iowa State University">Iowa State University</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/The_University_of_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="The University of Iowa">The University of Iowa</a> are research universities<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-238">[233]</a> with The University of Iowa also being a member of the prestigious <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Association_of_American_Universities?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Association of American Universities">Association of American Universities</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-239">[234]</a> In addition to the three state universities, Iowa has multiple private colleges and universities. </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(8)"> <h2 id="Transportation">Transportation</h2> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Iowa&action=edit&section=39&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Transportation" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-8 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-8"> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Iowa_overview.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Iowa_overview.jpg/280px-Iowa_overview.jpg" decoding="async" width="280" height="189" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3560" data-file-height="2404"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 280px;height: 189px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Iowa_overview.jpg/280px-Iowa_overview.jpg" data-width="280" data-height="189" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Iowa_overview.jpg/420px-Iowa_overview.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Iowa_overview.jpg/560px-Iowa_overview.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> Iowa's major interstates, larger cities, and counties </figcaption> </figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Interstate_highways">Interstate highways</h3> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Iowa&action=edit&section=40&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Interstate highways" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> Iowa has four primary <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Interstate_highways?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Interstate highways">interstate highways</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Interstate_29_in_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Interstate 29 in Iowa">Interstate 29</a> (I-29) travels along the state's western edge through <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Council_Bluffs,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Council Bluffs, Iowa">Council Bluffs</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sioux_City,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sioux City, Iowa">Sioux City</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Interstate_35_in_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Interstate 35 in Iowa">I-35</a> travels from the Missouri state line to the Minnesota state line through the state's center, including Des Moines. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Interstate_74_in_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Interstate 74 in Iowa">I-74</a> begins at <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Interstate_80_in_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Interstate 80 in Iowa">I-80</a> just northeast of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Davenport,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Davenport, Iowa">Davenport</a>. I-80 travels from the Nebraska state line to the Illinois state line through the center of the state, including Council Bluffs, Des Moines, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa_City,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iowa City, Iowa">Iowa City</a>, and the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Quad_Cities?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Quad Cities">Quad Cities</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Interstate_380_(Iowa)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Interstate 380 (Iowa)">I-380</a> is an <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/List_of_auxiliary_Interstate_Highways?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="List of auxiliary Interstate Highways">auxiliary Interstate Highway</a>, which travels from I-80 near Iowa City through <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cedar_Rapids,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cedar Rapids, Iowa">Cedar Rapids</a> ending in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Waterloo,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Waterloo, Iowa">Waterloo</a> and is part of the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Avenue_of_the_Saints?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Avenue of the Saints">Avenue of the Saints</a> highway. Iowa is among the few jurisdictions where municipalities install speed cameras on interstate highways providing a substantial revenue source from out of state drivers.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-240">[235]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Airports_with_scheduled_flights">Airports with scheduled flights</h3> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Iowa&action=edit&section=41&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Airports with scheduled flights" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> See also: <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/List_of_airports_in_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="List of airports in Iowa">List of airports in Iowa</a> </div> Iowa is served by several regional airports including the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Des_Moines_International_Airport?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Des Moines International Airport">Des Moines International Airport</a>, the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Eastern_Iowa_Airport?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Eastern Iowa Airport">Eastern Iowa Airport</a>, in Cedar Rapids, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Quad_City_International_Airport?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Quad City International Airport">Quad City International Airport</a>, in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Moline,_Illinois?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Moline, Illinois">Moline, Illinois</a>, and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Eppley_Airfield?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Eppley Airfield">Eppley Airfield</a>, in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Omaha,_Nebraska?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Omaha, Nebraska">Omaha, Nebraska</a>. Smaller airports in the state include the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Council_Bluffs_Municipal_Airport?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Council Bluffs Municipal Airport">Council Bluffs Municipal Airport</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Davenport_Municipal_Airport_(Iowa)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Davenport Municipal Airport (Iowa)">Davenport Municipal Airport (Iowa)</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dubuque_Regional_Airport?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dubuque Regional Airport">Dubuque Regional Airport</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fort_Dodge_Regional_Airport?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Fort Dodge Regional Airport">Fort Dodge Regional Airport</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mason_City_Municipal_Airport?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mason City Municipal Airport">Mason City Municipal Airport</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sioux_Gateway_Airport?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sioux Gateway Airport">Sioux Gateway Airport</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Southeast_Iowa_Regional_Airport?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Southeast Iowa Regional Airport">Southeast Iowa Regional Airport</a>, and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Waterloo_Regional_Airport?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Waterloo Regional Airport">Waterloo Regional Airport</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-241">[236]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Railroads">Railroads</h3> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Iowa&action=edit&section=42&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Railroads" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> See also: <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/List_of_Iowa_railroads?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="List of Iowa railroads">List of Iowa railroads</a> </div> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amtrak?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amtrak">Amtrak</a>'s <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/California_Zephyr?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="California Zephyr">California Zephyr</a> serves southern Iowa with stops in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Burlington,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Burlington, Iowa">Burlington</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mount_Pleasant,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mount Pleasant, Iowa">Mount Pleasant</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ottumwa,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ottumwa, Iowa">Ottumwa</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Osceola,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Osceola, Iowa">Osceola</a>, and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Creston,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Creston, Iowa">Creston</a> along its route between Chicago and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Emeryville,_California?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Emeryville, California">Emeryville, California</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-242">[237]</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fort_Madison,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Fort Madison, Iowa">Fort Madison</a> is served by Amtrak's <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Southwest_Chief?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Southwest Chief">Southwest Chief</a>, running between <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Chicago?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Chicago">Chicago</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Los_Angeles?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-243">[238]</a> Both provide daily service through the state. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Public_Transit">Public Transit</h3> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Iowa&action=edit&section=43&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Public Transit" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> See also: <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=List_of_intercity_bus_stops_in_Iowa&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="List of intercity bus stops in Iowa (page does not exist)">List of intercity bus stops in Iowa</a> </div> Iowa is served by a number of local transit providers including <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bettendorf_Transit?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bettendorf Transit">Bettendorf Transit</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cambus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cambus">Cambus</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cedar_Rapids_Transit?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cedar Rapids Transit">Cedar Rapids Transit</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Clinton_Municipal_Transit_Administration?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Clinton Municipal Transit Administration">Clinton Municipal Transit Administration</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Coralville_Transit?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Coralville Transit">Coralville Transit</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cyride?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Cyride">Cyride</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Davenport_Citibus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Davenport Citibus">Davenport Citibus</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Des_Moines_Area_Regional_Transit?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Des Moines Area Regional Transit">Des Moines Area Regional Transit</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa_City_Transit?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iowa City Transit">Iowa City Transit</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/The_Jule?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="The Jule">The Jule</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mason_City_Transit?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mason City Transit">Mason City Transit</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Metropolitan_Transit_Authority_of_Black_Hawk_County?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Metropolitan Transit Authority of Black Hawk County">MET Transit</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Metro_Transit_(Omaha)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Metro Transit (Omaha)">Omaha Metro Transit</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ottumwa_Transit_Authority?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ottumwa Transit Authority">Ottumwa Transit Authority</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Quad_Cities_MetroLINK?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Quad Cities MetroLINK">Quad Cities MetroLINK</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sioux_City_Transit?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sioux City Transit">Sioux City Transit</a>. Intercity bus service in the state is provided by <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Burlington_Trailways?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Burlington Trailways">Burlington Trailways</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Greyhound_Lines?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Greyhound Lines">Greyhound Lines</a>, and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jefferson_Lines?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jefferson Lines">Jefferson Lines</a>. <table class="collapsible collapsed" style="border:1px #aaa solid; width:50em; margin:0.2em auto"> <tbody> <tr> <th>Local transit map</th> </tr> <tr> <td><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style> <div class="center"> <div class="locmap noviewer noresize thumb tnone"> <div class="thumbinner" style="width:1002px"> <div style="position:relative;width:1000px;border:1px solid lightgray"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:USA_Iowa_location_map.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Iowa is located in Iowa"> <noscript> <img alt="Iowa is located in Iowa" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/USA_Iowa_location_map.svg/1000px-USA_Iowa_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="1000" height="659" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1201" data-file-height="791"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 1000px;height: 659px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/USA_Iowa_location_map.svg/1000px-USA_Iowa_location_map.svg.png" data-alt="Iowa is located in Iowa" data-width="1000" data-height="659" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/USA_Iowa_location_map.svg/1500px-USA_Iowa_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/USA_Iowa_location_map.svg/2000px-USA_Iowa_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <div class="od notheme" style="top:55.177%;left:74.781%;font-size:90%"> <div class="id" style="left:-10px;top:-10px"> <noscript> <img alt="380 Express" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/20px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 20px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/20px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png" data-alt="380 Express" data-width="20" data-height="20" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/30px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/40px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  </div> <div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:11px"> <div> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/380_Express?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="380 Express">380 Express</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="od notheme" style="top:61.391%;left:91.265%;font-size:90%"> <div class="id" style="left:-10px;top:-10px"> <noscript> <img alt="Bettendorf Transit" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/20px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 20px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/20px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png" data-alt="Bettendorf Transit" data-width="20" data-height="20" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/30px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/40px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  </div> <div class="pv" style="width:6em;bottom:11px;left:-3em"> <div> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bettendorf_Transit?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bettendorf Transit">Bettendorf Transit</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="od notheme" style="top:82.693%;left:82.577%;font-size:90%"> <div class="id" style="left:-10px;top:-10px"> <noscript> <img alt="Burlington Urban Service" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/20px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 20px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/20px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png" data-alt="Burlington Urban Service" data-width="20" data-height="20" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/30px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png 1.5x, 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data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/20px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png" data-alt="Cambus" data-width="20" data-height="20" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/30px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/40px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  </div> <div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:11px"> <div> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cambus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cambus">Cambus</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="od notheme" style="top:49.253%;left:74.403%;font-size:90%"> <div class="id" style="left:-10px;top:-10px"> <noscript> <img alt="Cedar Rapids Transit" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/20px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 20px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/20px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png" data-alt="Cedar Rapids Transit" data-width="20" data-height="20" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/30px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/40px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  </div> <div class="pv" style="width:6em;bottom:11px;left:-3em"> <div> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cedar_Rapids_Transit?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cedar Rapids Transit">Cedar Rapids Transit</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="od notheme" style="top:53.14%;left:95.822%;font-size:90%"> <div class="id" style="left:-10px;top:-10px"> <noscript> <img alt="Clinton MTA" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/20px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 20px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/20px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png" data-alt="Clinton MTA" data-width="20" data-height="20" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/30px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/40px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  </div> <div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:11px"> <div> <a 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data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/30px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/40px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  </div> <div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:11px"> <div> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Coralville_Transit?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Coralville Transit">Coralville Transit</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="od notheme" style="top:47.832%;left:46.122%;font-size:90%"> <div class="id" style="left:-10px;top:-10px"> <noscript> <img alt="CyRide" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/20px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 20px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/20px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png" data-alt="CyRide" data-width="20" data-height="20" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/30px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/40px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  </div> <div class="pv" style="width:6em;top:11px;left:-3em"> <div> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/CyRide?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="CyRide">CyRide</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="od notheme" style="top:62.16%;left:90.059%;font-size:90%"> <div class="id" style="left:-10px;top:-10px"> <noscript> <img alt="Citibus" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/20px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 20px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/20px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png" data-alt="Citibus" data-width="20" data-height="20" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/30px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/40px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  </div> <div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:11px"> <div> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Davenport_Citibus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Davenport Citibus">Citibus</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="od notheme" style="top:60.453%;left:46.03%;font-size:90%"> <div class="id" style="left:-10px;top:-10px"> <noscript> <img alt="DART" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/20px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 20px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/20px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png" data-alt="DART" data-width="20" data-height="20" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/30px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/40px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  </div> <div class="pv" style="width:6em;top:11px;left:-3em"> <div> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Des_Moines_Area_Regional_Transit?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Des Moines Area Regional Transit">DART</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="od notheme" style="top:34.179%;left:37.83%;font-size:90%"> <div class="id" style="left:-10px;top:-10px"> <noscript> <img alt="DART" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/20px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 20px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/20px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png" data-alt="DART" data-width="20" data-height="20" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/30px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/40px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  </div> <div class="pv" 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data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/30px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/40px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  </div> <div class="pv" style="width:6em;top:11px;left:-3em"> <div> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa_City_Transit?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iowa City Transit">Iowa City Transit</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="od notheme" style="top:47.481%;left:56.307%;font-size:90%"> <div class="id" style="left:-10px;top:-10px"> <noscript> <img alt="Marshalltown Municipal Transit" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/20px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 20px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/20px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png" data-alt="Marshalltown Municipal Transit" data-width="20" data-height="20" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/30px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/40px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  </div> <div class="pv" style="width:6em;top:11px;left:-3em"> <div> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Marshalltown_Municipal_Transit?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Marshalltown Municipal Transit">Marshalltown Municipal Transit</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="od notheme" style="top:15.638%;left:52.153%;font-size:90%"> <div class="id" style="left:-10px;top:-10px"> <noscript> <img alt="Mason City Transit" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/20px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 20px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/20px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png" data-alt="Mason City Transit" data-width="20" data-height="20" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/30px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/40px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  </div> <div class="pv" style="width:6em;top:11px;left:-3em"> <div> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mason_City_Transit?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mason City Transit">Mason City Transit</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="od notheme" style="top:63.049%;left:90.901%;font-size:90%"> <div class="id" style="left:-10px;top:-10px"> <noscript> <img alt="MetroLINK" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/20px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 20px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/20px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png" data-alt="MetroLINK" data-width="20" data-height="20" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/30px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/40px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  </div> <div class="pv" style="width:6em;top:11px;left:-3em"> <div> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Quad_Cities_MetroLINK?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Quad Cities MetroLINK">MetroLINK</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="od notheme" style="top:69.718%;left:13.745%;font-size:90%"> <div class="id" style="left:-10px;top:-10px"> <noscript> <img alt="Metro Transit" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/20px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 20px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/20px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png" data-alt="Metro Transit" data-width="20" data-height="20" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/30px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/40px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  </div> <div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:11px"> <div> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Metro_Transit_(Omaha)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Metro Transit (Omaha)">Metro Transit</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="od notheme" style="top:34.309%;left:64.676%;font-size:90%"> <div class="id" style="left:-10px;top:-10px"> <noscript> <img alt="MET Transit" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/20px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 20px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/20px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png" data-alt="MET Transit" data-width="20" data-height="20" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/30px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/40px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  </div> <div class="pv" style="width:6em;top:11px;left:-3em"> <div> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Metropolitan_Transit_Authority_of_Black_Hawk_County?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Metropolitan Transit Authority of Black Hawk County">MET Transit</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="od notheme" style="top:65.06%;left:83.405%;font-size:90%"> <div class="id" style="left:-10px;top:-10px"> <noscript> <img alt="MuscaBus" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/20px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 20px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/20px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png" data-alt="MuscaBus" data-width="20" data-height="20" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/30px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/40px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  </div> <div class="pv" style="width:6em;top:11px;left:-3em"> <div> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/MuscaBus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="MuscaBus">MuscaBus</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="od notheme" style="top:68.717%;left:60.217%;font-size:90%"> <div class="id" style="left:-10px;top:-10px"> <noscript> <img alt="Oskaloosa Rides" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/20px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 20px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/20px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png" data-alt="Oskaloosa Rides" data-width="20" data-height="20" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/30px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/40px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  </div> <div class="pv" style="width:6em;top:11px;left:-3em"> <div> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Oskaloosa_Rides?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Oskaloosa Rides">Oskaloosa Rides</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="od notheme" style="top:76.654%;left:63.6%;font-size:90%"> <div class="id" style="left:-10px;top:-10px"> <noscript> <img alt="Ottumwa Transit Authority" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/20px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 20px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/20px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png" data-alt="Ottumwa Transit Authority" data-width="20" data-height="20" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/30px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/40px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  </div> <div class="pv" style="width:6em;top:11px;left:-3em"> <div> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ottumwa_Transit_Authority?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ottumwa Transit Authority">Ottumwa Transit Authority</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="od notheme" style="top:34.416%;left:5.747%;font-size:90%"> <div class="id" style="left:-10px;top:-10px"> <noscript> <img alt="Sioux City Transit" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/20px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 20px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/20px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png" data-alt="Sioux City Transit" data-width="20" data-height="20" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/30px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/40px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  </div> <div class="pv" style="width:6em;top:11px;left:-3em"> <div> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sioux_City_Transit?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sioux City Transit">Sioux City Transit</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="od notheme" style="top:34.161%;left:88.962%;font-size:90%"> <div class="id" style="left:-10px;top:-10px"> <noscript> <img alt="The Jule" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/20px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 20px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/20px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png" data-alt="The Jule" data-width="20" data-height="20" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/30px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/40px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  </div> <div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:11px"> <div> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/The_Jule?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="The Jule">The Jule</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="thumbcaption"> <div class="magnify"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:USA_Iowa_location_map.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="File:USA Iowa location map.svg">class=notpageimage| </a> </div>Local Transit Systems (Only systems with fixed-route services are shown) </div> </div> </div> </div></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(9)"> <h2 id="Law_and_government">Law and government</h2> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Iowa&action=edit&section=44&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Law and government" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-9 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-9"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="State">State</h3> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Iowa&action=edit&section=45&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: State" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Iowa_State_Capitol_-_panoramio.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Iowa_State_Capitol_-_panoramio.jpg/220px-Iowa_State_Capitol_-_panoramio.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 165px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Iowa_State_Capitol_-_panoramio.jpg/220px-Iowa_State_Capitol_-_panoramio.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="165" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Iowa_State_Capitol_-_panoramio.jpg/330px-Iowa_State_Capitol_-_panoramio.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Iowa_State_Capitol_-_panoramio.jpg/440px-Iowa_State_Capitol_-_panoramio.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> The <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa_State_Capitol?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iowa State Capitol">Iowa State Capitol</a> in Des Moines, completed in 1886, is the only state capitol in the United States to feature five domes, a central golden dome surrounded by four smaller ones. It houses the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa_General_Assembly?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iowa General Assembly">Iowa General Assembly</a>, comprising the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa_House_of_Representatives?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iowa House of Representatives">Iowa House of Representatives</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa_Senate?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iowa Senate">Iowa Senate</a>. </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Iowa_Supreme_Court.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Iowa_Supreme_Court.jpg/220px-Iowa_Supreme_Court.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="135" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3417" data-file-height="2094"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 135px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Iowa_Supreme_Court.jpg/220px-Iowa_Supreme_Court.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="135" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Iowa_Supreme_Court.jpg/330px-Iowa_Supreme_Court.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Iowa_Supreme_Court.jpg/440px-Iowa_Supreme_Court.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> The <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa_Supreme_Court?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iowa Supreme Court">Iowa Supreme Court</a>, across from the capitol, is the state's highest court. </figcaption> </figure> As of 2022<a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DIowa%26action%3Dedit">[update]</a>, the 43rd and current <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Governor_of_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor of Iowa">Governor of Iowa</a> is <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kim_Reynolds?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kim Reynolds">Kim Reynolds</a> (R). Other statewide elected officials are: <ul> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Adam_Gregg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Adam Gregg">Adam Gregg</a> (R), <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/List_of_lieutenant_governors_of_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="List of lieutenant governors of Iowa">Lieutenant Governor</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Paul_Pate?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Paul Pate">Paul Pate</a> (R), <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Secretary_of_State_of_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Secretary of State of Iowa">Secretary of State</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Rob_Sand?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Rob Sand">Rob Sand</a> (D), <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Auditor_of_State_of_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Auditor of State of Iowa">Auditor of State</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Roby_Smith?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Roby Smith">Roby Smith</a> (R), <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Treasurer_of_State_of_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Treasurer of State of Iowa">Treasurer of State</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mike_Naig?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mike Naig">Mike Naig</a> (R), <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Secretary_of_Agriculture_of_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Secretary of Agriculture of Iowa">Secretary of Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Brenna_Bird?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Brenna Bird">Brenna Bird</a> (R), <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Attorney_General_of_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Attorney General of Iowa">Attorney General</a></li> </ul> The <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Code_of_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Code of Iowa">Code of Iowa</a> contains Iowa's <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Statutory_law?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Statutory law">statutory laws</a>. It is periodically updated by the Iowa Legislative Service Bureau, with a new edition published in odd-numbered years and a supplement published in even-numbered years. Iowa is an alcohol monopoly or <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alcoholic_beverage_control_state?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Alcoholic beverage control state">alcoholic beverage control state</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="National">National</h3> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Iowa&action=edit&section=46&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: National" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> Further information: <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/List_of_United_States_Senators_from_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="List of United States Senators from Iowa">List of United States Senators from Iowa</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/List_of_United_States_Representatives_from_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="List of United States Representatives from Iowa">List of United States Representatives from Iowa</a> </div> The two U.S. Senators: <ul> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Chuck_Grassley?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Chuck Grassley">Chuck Grassley</a> (R), in office since 1981</li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Joni_Ernst?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Joni Ernst">Joni Ernst</a> (R), in office since 2015</li> </ul> The four U.S. Representatives: <ul> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mariannette_Miller-Meeks?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mariannette Miller-Meeks">Mariannette Miller-Meeks</a> (R), <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa%27s_1st_congressional_district?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iowa's 1st congressional district">First district</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ashley_Hinson?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ashley Hinson">Ashley Hinson</a> (R), <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa%27s_2nd_congressional_district?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iowa's 2nd congressional district">Second district</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Zach_Nunn?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Zach Nunn">Zach Nunn</a> (R), <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa%27s_3rd_congressional_district?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iowa's 3rd congressional district">Third district</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Randy_Feenstra?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Randy Feenstra">Randy Feenstra</a> (R), <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa%27s_4th_congressional_district?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iowa's 4th congressional district">Fourth district</a></li> </ul> After the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/2010_United_States_Census?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="2010 United States Census">2010 United States Census</a> and the resulting redistricting, Iowa lost one seat in Congress, falling to four seats in the U.S. House of Representatives. Incumbent U.S. Representatives <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Leonard_Boswell?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Leonard Boswell">Leonard Boswell</a> (D) and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tom_Latham_(politician)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tom Latham (politician)">Tom Latham</a> (R) ran against each other in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Iowa,_2012?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="United States House of Representatives elections in Iowa, 2012">2012</a> in the third congressional district which had new boundaries; Latham won and retired after the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Iowa,_2014?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="United States House of Representatives elections in Iowa, 2014">2014 elections</a>. King represented the old <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa%27s_5th_congressional_district?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iowa's 5th congressional district">fifth congressional district</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Political_parties">Political parties</h3> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Iowa&action=edit&section=47&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Political parties" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> Main article: <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Political_party_strength_in_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Political party strength in Iowa">Political party strength in Iowa</a> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Samuel_Jordan_Kirkwood.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Samuel_Jordan_Kirkwood.jpg/170px-Samuel_Jordan_Kirkwood.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="198" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2964" data-file-height="3454"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 170px;height: 198px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Samuel_Jordan_Kirkwood.jpg/170px-Samuel_Jordan_Kirkwood.jpg" data-width="170" data-height="198" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Samuel_Jordan_Kirkwood.jpg/255px-Samuel_Jordan_Kirkwood.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Samuel_Jordan_Kirkwood.jpg/340px-Samuel_Jordan_Kirkwood.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Samuel_J._Kirkwood?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Samuel J. Kirkwood">Samuel J. Kirkwood</a>, founder of the Iowa Republican Party, abolitionist, and Iowa's Civil War Governor </figcaption> </figure> In Iowa, the term "political party" refers to political organizations which have received two percent or more of the votes cast for president or governor in the "last preceding general election". Iowa recognizes three political parties—the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Republican_Party_of_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Republican Party of Iowa">Republican Party</a>, the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa_Democratic_Party?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iowa Democratic Party">Democratic Party</a>, and the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Libertarian_Party_(United_States)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Libertarian Party (United States)">Libertarian Party</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-244">[239]</a> The Libertarian Party obtained official political party status in 2017 as a result of presidential candidate <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gary_Johnson?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gary Johnson">Gary Johnson</a> receiving 3.8% of the Iowa vote in the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/2016_United_States_presidential_election?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="2016 United States presidential election">2016 general election</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-245">[240]</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Third_party_(politics)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Third party (politics)">Third parties</a>, officially termed "nonparty political organizations", can appear on the ballot as well. Four of these have had candidates on the ballot in Iowa since 2004 for various positions: the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Constitution_Party_(United_States)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Constitution Party (United States)">Constitution Party</a>, the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Green_Party_(United_States)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Green Party (United States)">Green Party</a>, the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/United_States_Pirate_Party?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="United States Pirate Party">Pirate Party</a>, and the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Socialist_Workers_Party_(United_States)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Socialist Workers Party (United States)">Socialist Workers Party</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-246">[241]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-247">[242]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Voter_trends">Voter trends</h3> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Iowa&action=edit&section=48&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Voter trends" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> See also: <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="United States presidential elections in Iowa">United States presidential elections in Iowa</a> </div> As a result of the 2010 elections, each party controlled one house of the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa_General_Assembly?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iowa General Assembly">Iowa General Assembly</a>: the House had a Republican majority, while the Senate had a Democratic majority. As a result of the 2016 elections, Republicans gained control of the Senate. Incumbent Democratic governor <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Chet_Culver?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Chet Culver">Chet Culver</a> was defeated in 2010 by Republican <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Terry_Branstad?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Terry Branstad">Terry Branstad</a>, who had served as governor from 1983 to 1999. On December 14, 2015, Branstad became the longest serving governor in U.S. history, serving (at that time) 20 years, 11 months, and 3 days; eclipsing <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/George_Clinton_(vice_president)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="George Clinton (vice president)">George Clinton</a>, who served 21 years until 1804.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-248">[243]</a> Lieutenant Governor Kim Reynolds succeeded him on May 24, 2017, following Branstad's appointment as U.S. Ambassador to China. In previous eras, Democratic and Republican parties had a balance in state politics and federal representation. By 2024, the two became dominated by the Republican Party. Factors include younger people leaving for more urbanized, more Democratic-leaning states, as well as homogenization of rural voters in the Midwest and in other regions.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-249">[244]</a> <table class="wikitable" style="float:center"> <tbody> <tr> <th colspan="6">Party registration as of October 1, 2024<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-250">[245]</a></th> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2">Party</th> <th>Total voters</th> <th>Percentage</th> </tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#E81B23; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"></td> <td><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa_Republican_Party?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Iowa Republican Party">Republican</a></td> <td align="center">786,133</td> <td align="center">35.19%</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#DCDCDC; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"></td> <td><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Independent_voter?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Independent voter">No affiliation</a></td> <td align="center">775,854</td> <td align="center">34.73%</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#3333FF; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"></td> <td><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa_Democratic_Party?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iowa Democratic Party">Democratic</a></td> <td align="center">651,251</td> <td align="center">29.15%</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:white; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"></td> <td><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_the_United_States?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="List of political parties in the United States">Other</a></td> <td align="center">20,963</td> <td align="center">0.94%</td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2">Total</th> <th align="center">2,234,201</th> <th align="center">100.00%</th> </tr> </tbody> </table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Presidential_caucus">Presidential caucus</h3> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Iowa&action=edit&section=49&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Presidential caucus" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> Main article: <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa_caucuses?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iowa caucuses">Iowa caucuses</a> </div> The state gets considerable attention every four years because the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa_caucus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Iowa caucus">Iowa caucus</a>, gatherings of voters to select delegates to the state conventions, is the first presidential caucus in the country. The caucuses, held in January or February of the election year, involve people gathering in homes or public places and choosing their candidates, rather than casting secret ballots as is done in a <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Presidential_primary?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Presidential primary">presidential primary</a> election.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-251">[246]</a> Along with the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/New_Hampshire_primary?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="New Hampshire primary">New Hampshire primary</a> the following week, Iowa's caucuses have become the starting points for choosing the two major-party candidates for president.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-252">[247]</a> The national and international media give Iowa and New Hampshire extensive attention, which gives Iowa voters leverage.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-253">[248]</a> In 2007 presidential campaign spending was the seventh highest in the country.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-254">[249]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Civil_rights">Civil rights</h3> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Iowa&action=edit&section=50&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Civil rights" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> In a 2020 study, Iowa was ranked as the 24th easiest state for citizens to vote in.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-255">[250]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"> <h4 id="Racial_equality">Racial equality</h4> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Iowa&action=edit&section=51&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Racial equality" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:UnionBlockMtPleasant15.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4f/UnionBlockMtPleasant15.jpg/220px-UnionBlockMtPleasant15.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 165px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4f/UnionBlockMtPleasant15.jpg/220px-UnionBlockMtPleasant15.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="165" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4f/UnionBlockMtPleasant15.jpg/330px-UnionBlockMtPleasant15.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4f/UnionBlockMtPleasant15.jpg/440px-UnionBlockMtPleasant15.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> The <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Union_Block_(Mount_Pleasant,_Iowa)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Union Block (Mount Pleasant, Iowa)">Union Block</a> building in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mount_Pleasant,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mount Pleasant, Iowa">Mount Pleasant</a>, scene of early civil rights and women's rights activities </figcaption> </figure> In the 19th century Iowa was among the earliest states to enact prohibitions against race discrimination, especially in education, but was slow to achieve full integration in the 20th century. In the first decision of the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa_Supreme_Court?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iowa Supreme Court">Iowa Supreme Court</a>—In Re the Matter of Ralph,<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-256">[251]</a> decided July 1839—the Court rejected slavery in a decision that found a slave named Ralph became free when he stepped on Iowa soil, 26 years before the end of the Civil War.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-civil_rights-257">[252]</a> The state did away with racial barriers to marriage in 1851, more than 100 years before the U.S. Supreme Court would ban <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Anti-miscegenation_laws?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Anti-miscegenation laws">miscegenation statutes</a> nationwide.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-ChicagoTrib-258">[253]</a> The Iowa Supreme Court decided Clark v. The board of directors<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-259">[254]</a> in 1868, ruling that racially segregated "separate but equal" schools had no place in Iowa, 85 years before <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Brown_v._Board_of_Education?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Brown v. Board of Education">Brown v. Board of Education</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-civil_rights-257">[252]</a> By 1875, a number of additional court rulings effectively ended segregation in Iowa schools.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-260">[255]</a> Social and housing discrimination continued against Blacks at state universities until the 1950s.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-261">[256]</a> The Court heard Coger v. The North Western Union Packet Co.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-262">[257]</a> in 1873, ruling against racial discrimination in public accommodations 91 years before the U.S. Supreme Court reached the same decision.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-civil_rights-257">[252]</a> In 1884, the Iowa Civil Rights Act apparently outlawed discrimination by businesses, reading: "All persons within this state shall be entitled to the full and equal enjoyment of the accommodations, advantages, facilities, and privileges of inns, restaurants, chophouses, eating houses, lunch counters, and all other places where refreshments are served, public conveyances, barber shops, bathhouses, theaters, and all other places of amusement." However, the courts chose to narrowly apply this act, allowing de facto discrimination to continue.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-263">[258]</a> Racial discrimination at public businesses was not deemed illegal until 1949, when the court ruled in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/State_of_Iowa_v._Katz?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="State of Iowa v. Katz">State of Iowa v. Katz</a> that businesses had to serve customers regardless of race; the case began when <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Edna_Griffin?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edna Griffin">Edna Griffin</a> was denied service at a Des Moines drugstore.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-264">[259]</a> Full racial civil rights were codified under the Iowa Civil Rights Act of 1965.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-265">[260]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"> <h4 id="Women's_rights">Women's rights</h4> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Iowa&action=edit&section=52&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Women's rights" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> As with racial equality, Iowa was a vanguard in women's rights in the mid-19th century, but did not allow women the right to vote until the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nineteenth_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution">Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution</a> was ratified in 1920, Iowa legislature being one of the ratifying votes.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-266">[261]</a> In 1847, the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/University_of_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="University of Iowa">University of Iowa</a> became the first public university in the U.S. to admit men and women on an equal basis.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-267">[262]</a> In 1869, Iowa became the first state in the union to admit women to the practice of law, with the Court ruling women may not be denied the right to practice law in Iowa and admitting <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arabella_A._Mansfield?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabella A. Mansfield">Arabella A. Mansfield</a> to the practice of law.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-civil_rights-257">[252]</a> Several attempts to grant full voting rights to Iowa women were defeated between 1870 and 1919. In 1894 women were given "partial suffrage", which allowed them to vote on issues, but not for candidates. It was not until the ratification of the Nineteenth Amendment that women had full suffrage in Iowa.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-268">[263]</a> Although Iowa supported the Federal <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Equal_Rights_Amendment?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Equal Rights Amendment">Equal Rights Amendment</a>, in 1980 and 1992 Iowa voters rejected an Equal Rights Amendment to the state constitution.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-269">[264]</a> Iowa added the word "women" to the Iowa Constitution in 1998. After the amendment, it reads: "All men and women are, by nature, free and equal, and have certain inalienable rights—among which are those of enjoying and defending life and liberty, acquiring, possessing and protecting property, and pursuing and obtaining safety and happiness."<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-270">[265]</a> In May 2018 Iowa signed into law one of the country's most restrictive abortion bans: the requirement that a doctor cannot perform an abortion if they can detect a fetal heartbeat, which in many cases would restrict abortions pregnancies less than six weeks old.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-271">[266]</a> It was struck down in January 2019, when an Iowa state judge ruled that the "fetal heartbeat" law was unconstitutional.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-272">[267]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"> <h4 id="LGBT_rights">LGBT rights</h4> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Iowa&action=edit&section=53&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: LGBT rights" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> Main article: <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Iowa">LGBT rights in Iowa</a> </div> The state's law criminalizing same-sex sexual activity was repealed in June 1976, 27 years before <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lawrence_v._Texas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lawrence v. Texas">Lawrence v. Texas</a>. In 2007, the Iowa Legislature added "sexual orientation" and "gender identity" to the protected classes listed in the Iowa Civil Rights Act.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-273">[268]</a> On April 3, 2009, the Iowa Supreme Court decided <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Varnum_v._Brien?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Varnum v. Brien">Varnum v. Brien</a>,<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-274">[269]</a> holding in a <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Unanimous?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Unanimous">unanimous</a> decision,<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-275">[270]</a> the state's law forbidding <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Same-sex_marriage?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Same-sex marriage">same-sex marriage</a> was <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Unconstitutional?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Unconstitutional">unconstitutional</a>. This made Iowa the third state in the U.S. and first in the Midwest to permit same-sex marriage.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-276">[271]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-277">[272]</a> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(10)"> <h2 id="Culture">Culture</h2> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Iowa&action=edit&section=54&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Culture" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-10 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-10"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Arts">Arts</h3> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Iowa&action=edit&section=55&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Arts" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Schaeffer_Hall,_College_of_Liberal_Arts,_University_of_Iowa,_Iowa_City_(36501051952).jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Schaeffer_Hall%2C_College_of_Liberal_Arts%2C_University_of_Iowa%2C_Iowa_City_%2836501051952%29.jpg/220px-Schaeffer_Hall%2C_College_of_Liberal_Arts%2C_University_of_Iowa%2C_Iowa_City_%2836501051952%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="5171" data-file-height="3421"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 146px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Schaeffer_Hall%2C_College_of_Liberal_Arts%2C_University_of_Iowa%2C_Iowa_City_%2836501051952%29.jpg/220px-Schaeffer_Hall%2C_College_of_Liberal_Arts%2C_University_of_Iowa%2C_Iowa_City_%2836501051952%29.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="146" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Schaeffer_Hall%2C_College_of_Liberal_Arts%2C_University_of_Iowa%2C_Iowa_City_%2836501051952%29.jpg/330px-Schaeffer_Hall%2C_College_of_Liberal_Arts%2C_University_of_Iowa%2C_Iowa_City_%2836501051952%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Schaeffer_Hall%2C_College_of_Liberal_Arts%2C_University_of_Iowa%2C_Iowa_City_%2836501051952%29.jpg/440px-Schaeffer_Hall%2C_College_of_Liberal_Arts%2C_University_of_Iowa%2C_Iowa_City_%2836501051952%29.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> Schaeffer Hall (University of Iowa, Iowa City) </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Future_Birthplace_of_Captain_James_T_Kirk.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Future_Birthplace_of_Captain_James_T_Kirk.jpg/220px-Future_Birthplace_of_Captain_James_T_Kirk.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="162" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1194" data-file-height="879"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 162px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Future_Birthplace_of_Captain_James_T_Kirk.jpg/220px-Future_Birthplace_of_Captain_James_T_Kirk.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="162" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Future_Birthplace_of_Captain_James_T_Kirk.jpg/330px-Future_Birthplace_of_Captain_James_T_Kirk.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Future_Birthplace_of_Captain_James_T_Kirk.jpg/440px-Future_Birthplace_of_Captain_James_T_Kirk.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Riverside,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Riverside, Iowa">Riverside</a>'s "favorite son" </figcaption> </figure> The <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Clint_Eastwood?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Clint Eastwood">Clint Eastwood</a> movie <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/The_Bridges_of_Madison_County_(film)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="The Bridges of Madison County (film)">The Bridges of Madison County</a>, based on the popular <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/The_Bridges_of_Madison_County?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="The Bridges of Madison County">novel of the same name</a>, took place and was filmed in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madison_County,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Madison County, Iowa">Madison County</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-278">[273]</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/What%27s_Eating_Gilbert_Grape?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="What's Eating Gilbert Grape">What's Eating Gilbert Grape</a>, based on the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Peter_Hedges?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Peter Hedges">Peter Hedges</a> novel of the same name, is set in the fictional Iowa town of Endora. Hedges was born in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/West_Des_Moines?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="West Des Moines">West Des Moines</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-279">[274]</a> Des Moines is home to members of the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Heavy_metal_music?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Heavy metal music">heavy metal</a> band <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Slipknot_(band)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Slipknot (band)">Slipknot</a>. The state is mentioned in the band's songs, and the album <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa_(album)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iowa (album)">Iowa</a> is named after the state.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-280">[275]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Sports">Sports</h3> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Iowa&action=edit&section=56&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Sports" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> See also: <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sports_teams_from_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sports teams from Iowa">Sports teams from Iowa</a> </div> The state has four major college teams playing in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/NCAA_Division_I?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="NCAA Division I">NCAA Division I</a> for all sports. In football, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa_State_University?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iowa State University">Iowa State University</a> and the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/University_of_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="University of Iowa">University of Iowa</a> compete in the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Football_Bowl_Subdivision?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Football Bowl Subdivision">Football Bowl Subdivision</a> (FBS), whereas the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/University_of_Northern_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="University of Northern Iowa">University of Northern Iowa</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Drake_University?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Drake University">Drake University</a> compete in the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Football_Championship_Subdivision?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Football Championship Subdivision">Football Championship Subdivision</a> (FCS). Although Iowa has no professional major league sports teams, Iowa has minor league sports teams in baseball, basketball, hockey, and other sports. The following table shows the Iowa sports teams with average attendance over 8,000. All the following teams are NCAA Division I football, basketball, or wrestling teams:<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-281">[276]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-282">[277]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-283">[278]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-284">[279]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Jack_Trice_Stadium_-_South_Endzone.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Jack_Trice_Stadium_-_South_Endzone.jpg/220px-Jack_Trice_Stadium_-_South_Endzone.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3621" data-file-height="2716"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 165px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Jack_Trice_Stadium_-_South_Endzone.jpg/220px-Jack_Trice_Stadium_-_South_Endzone.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="165" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Jack_Trice_Stadium_-_South_Endzone.jpg/330px-Jack_Trice_Stadium_-_South_Endzone.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Jack_Trice_Stadium_-_South_Endzone.jpg/440px-Jack_Trice_Stadium_-_South_Endzone.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> South End Zone of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa_State_University?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iowa State University">Iowa State University</a>'s <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jack_Trice_Stadium?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jack Trice Stadium">Jack Trice Stadium</a> in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ames,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ames, Iowa">Ames, Iowa</a> </figcaption> </figure> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <caption> Iowa sports teams (attendance > 8,000) </caption> <tbody> <tr> <th>Team</th> <th>Location</th> <th>Avg. attendance</th> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa_Hawkeyes_football?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iowa Hawkeyes football">Iowa Hawkeyes football</a></td> <td><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa_City,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iowa City, Iowa">Iowa City</a></td> <td align="center">68,043</td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa_State_Cyclones_football?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iowa State Cyclones football">Iowa State Cyclones football</a></td> <td><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ames,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ames, Iowa">Ames</a></td> <td align="center">56,010</td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa_State_Cyclones_men%27s_basketball?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iowa State Cyclones men's basketball">Iowa State Cyclones men's basketball</a></td> <td><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ames,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ames, Iowa">Ames</a></td> <td align="center">13,375<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-DIMBB-285">[280]</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa_Hawkeyes_men%27s_basketball?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iowa Hawkeyes men's basketball">Iowa Hawkeyes men's basketball</a></td> <td><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa_City,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iowa City, Iowa">Iowa City</a></td> <td align="center">12,371<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-DIMBB-285">[280]</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa_Hawkeyes_wrestling?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iowa Hawkeyes wrestling">Iowa Hawkeyes wrestling</a></td> <td><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa_City,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iowa City, Iowa">Iowa City</a></td> <td align="center">12,568</td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa_Hawkeyes_women%27s_basketball?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iowa Hawkeyes women's basketball">Iowa Hawkeyes women's basketball</a></td> <td><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa_City,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iowa City, Iowa">Iowa City</a></td> <td align="center">11,143<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-DIWBB-286">[281]</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa_State_Cyclones_women%27s_basketball?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iowa State Cyclones women's basketball">Iowa State Cyclones women's basketball</a></td> <td><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ames,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ames, Iowa">Ames</a></td> <td align="center">10,323<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-DIWBB-286">[281]</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Northern_Iowa_Panthers_football?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Northern Iowa Panthers football">Northern Iowa Panthers football</a></td> <td><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cedar_Falls,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cedar Falls, Iowa">Cedar Falls</a></td> <td align="center">9,337</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"> <h4 id="College_sports">College sports</h4> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Iowa&action=edit&section=57&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: College sports" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> The state has four NCAA Division I college teams. Two have football teams that play in the top level of college football, the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/NCAA_Division_I_Football_Bowl_Subdivision?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision">Football Bowl Subdivision</a>: the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/University_of_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="University of Iowa">University of Iowa</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa_Hawkeyes?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iowa Hawkeyes">Hawkeyes</a> play in the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Big_Ten_Conference?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Big Ten Conference">Big Ten Conference</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-287">[282]</a> and the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa_State_University?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iowa State University">Iowa State University</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa_State_Cyclones?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iowa State Cyclones">Cyclones</a> compete in the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Big_12_Conference?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Big 12 Conference">Big 12 Conference</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-288">[283]</a> The two intrastate rivals compete annually for the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cy-Hawk_Trophy?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Cy-Hawk Trophy">Cy-Hawk Trophy</a> as part of the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa_Corn_Cy-Hawk_Series?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iowa Corn Cy-Hawk Series">Iowa Corn Cy-Hawk Series</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-289">[284]</a> In <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Collegiate_wrestling?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Collegiate wrestling">wrestling</a>, the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa_Hawkeyes_wrestling?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iowa Hawkeyes wrestling">Iowa Hawkeyes</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa_State_Cyclones_wrestling?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iowa State Cyclones wrestling">Iowa State Cyclones</a> have won a combined total of over 30 team <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/NCAA_Division_I_Wrestling_Championships?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="NCAA Division I Wrestling Championships">NCAA Division I titles</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-290">[285]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-291">[286]</a> The <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Northern_Iowa_Panthers_wrestling?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Northern Iowa Panthers wrestling">Northern Iowa</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cornell_College?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cornell College">Cornell College</a> wrestling teams have also each won one NCAA Division I wrestling team title.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-292">[287]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-293">[288]</a> Two other Division I schools play football in the second level of college football, the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/NCAA_Division_I_Football_Championship_Subdivision?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="NCAA Division I Football Championship Subdivision">Football Championship Subdivision</a>. The <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/University_of_Northern_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="University of Northern Iowa">University of Northern Iowa</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Northern_Iowa_Panthers?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Northern Iowa Panthers">Panthers</a> play at the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Missouri_Valley_Conference?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Missouri Valley Conference">Missouri Valley Conference</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-294">[289]</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Missouri_Valley_Football_Conference?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Missouri Valley Football Conference">Missouri Valley Football Conference</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-295">[290]</a> (despite the similar names, the conferences are administratively separate), whereas the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Drake_University?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Drake University">Drake University</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Drake_Bulldogs?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Drake Bulldogs">Bulldogs</a> play in the Missouri Valley Conference<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-296">[291]</a> in most sports and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pioneer_Football_League?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pioneer Football League">Pioneer League</a> for football.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-297">[292]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Modern_Woodmen_Park.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img alt="A large brick stadium with many round windows on the bottom and many rectangle windows in groups of four line the top of the stadium. The words Modern Woodmen Park are displayed above the door" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Modern_Woodmen_Park.jpg/220px-Modern_Woodmen_Park.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="97" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="332"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 97px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Modern_Woodmen_Park.jpg/220px-Modern_Woodmen_Park.jpg" data-alt="A large brick stadium with many round windows on the bottom and many rectangle windows in groups of four line the top of the stadium. The words Modern Woodmen Park are displayed above the door" data-width="220" data-height="97" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Modern_Woodmen_Park.jpg/330px-Modern_Woodmen_Park.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Modern_Woodmen_Park.jpg/440px-Modern_Woodmen_Park.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Modern_Woodmen_Park?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modern Woodmen Park">Modern Woodmen Park</a> is home to the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Quad_Cities_River_Bandits?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Quad Cities River Bandits">Quad Cities</a> baseball team </figcaption> </figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"> <h4 id="Baseball">Baseball</h4> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Iowa&action=edit&section=58&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Baseball" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> Des Moines is home to the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa_Cubs?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iowa Cubs">Iowa Cubs</a>, a <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Triple-A_(baseball)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Triple-A (baseball)">Triple-A</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Minor_League_Baseball?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Minor League Baseball">Minor League Baseball</a> team of the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/International_League?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="International League">International League</a> and affiliate of the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Chicago_Cubs?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Chicago Cubs">Chicago Cubs</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-298">[293]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-299">[294]</a> Iowa has two <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/High-A?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="High-A">High-A</a> minor league teams in the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Midwest_League?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Midwest League">Midwest League</a>: the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cedar_Rapids_Kernels?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cedar Rapids Kernels">Cedar Rapids Kernels</a> (<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Minnesota_Twins?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Minnesota Twins">Minnesota Twins</a>) and the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Quad_Cities_River_Bandits?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Quad Cities River Bandits">Quad Cities River Bandits</a> (<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kansas_City_Royals?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kansas City Royals">Kansas City Royals</a>).<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-300">[295]</a> The <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sioux_City_Explorers?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sioux City Explorers">Sioux City Explorers</a> are part of the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/American_Association_of_Professional_Baseball?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="American Association of Professional Baseball">American Association of Professional Baseball</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-301">[296]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"> <h4 id="Ice_hockey">Ice hockey</h4> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Iowa&action=edit&section=59&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Ice hockey" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> Des Moines is home to the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa_Wild?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iowa Wild">Iowa Wild</a>, who are affiliated with the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Minnesota_Wild?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Minnesota Wild">Minnesota Wild</a> and are members of the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/American_Hockey_League?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="American Hockey League">American Hockey League</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-302">[297]</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Coralville,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Coralville, Iowa">Coralville</a> has an <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ECHL?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ECHL">ECHL</a> team called the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa_Heartlanders?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iowa Heartlanders">Iowa Heartlanders</a> that started playing in the 2021–22 season. The Heartlanders are also an affiliate of the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Minnesota_Wild?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Minnesota Wild">Minnesota Wild</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-303">[298]</a> The <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/United_States_Hockey_League?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="United States Hockey League">United States Hockey League</a> has five teams in Iowa: the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cedar_Rapids_RoughRiders?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cedar Rapids RoughRiders">Cedar Rapids RoughRiders</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sioux_City_Musketeers?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sioux City Musketeers">Sioux City Musketeers</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Waterloo_Black_Hawks?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Waterloo Black Hawks">Waterloo Black Hawks</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Des_Moines_Buccaneers?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Des Moines Buccaneers">Des Moines Buccaneers</a>, and the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dubuque_Fighting_Saints?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dubuque Fighting Saints">Dubuque Fighting Saints</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-304">[299]</a> The <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/North_Iowa_Bulls?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="North Iowa Bulls">North Iowa Bulls</a> of the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/North_American_Hockey_League?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="North American Hockey League">North American Hockey League</a> (NAHL) and the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mason_City_Toros?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Mason City Toros">Mason City Toros</a> of the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/North_American_3_Hockey_League?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="North American 3 Hockey League">North American 3 Hockey League</a> (NA3HL) both play in Mason City.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-305">[300]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-306">[301]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"> <h4 id="Soccer">Soccer</h4> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Iowa&action=edit&section=60&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Soccer" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <ul> <li>The <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Des_Moines_Menace?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Des Moines Menace">Des Moines Menace</a> of the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/USL_League_Two?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="USL League Two">USL League Two</a> play their home games at Valley Stadium in West Des Moines, Iowa.</li> <li>The Cedar Rapids Inferno Soccer Club of the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Midwest_Premier_League?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Midwest Premier League">Midwest Premier League</a> play their home games at Robert W. Plaster Athletic Complex at <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mount_Mercy_University?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mount Mercy University">Mount Mercy University</a></li> <li>The <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa_Raptors_FC?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iowa Raptors FC">Iowa Raptors FC</a> of the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/United_Premier_Soccer_League?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="United Premier Soccer League">United Premier Soccer League</a> play their home games at <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Prairie_High_School_(Iowa)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Prairie High School (Iowa)">Prairie High School</a> in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cedar_Rapids,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cedar Rapids, Iowa">Cedar Rapids, Iowa</a></li> <li>Union Dubuque F.C. of the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Midwest_Premier_League?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Midwest Premier League">Midwest Premier League</a></li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"> <h4 id="Other_sports">Other sports</h4> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Iowa&action=edit&section=61&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Other sports" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> Iowa has two professional basketball teams. The <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa_Wolves?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iowa Wolves">Iowa Wolves</a>, an <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/NBA_G_League?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="NBA G League">NBA G League</a> team that plays in Des Moines, is owned and affiliated with the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Minnesota_Timberwolves?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Minnesota Timberwolves">Minnesota Timberwolves</a> of the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/National_Basketball_Association?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="National Basketball Association">NBA</a>. The Sioux City Hornets play in the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/American_Basketball_Association_(2000%E2%80%93present)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="American Basketball Association (2000–present)">American Basketball Association</a>. Iowa has three professional football teams. The <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sioux_City_Bandits?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sioux City Bandits">Sioux City Bandits</a> play in the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Champions_Indoor_Football?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Champions Indoor Football">Champions Indoor Football</a> league. The <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa_Barnstormers?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iowa Barnstormers">Iowa Barnstormers</a> play in the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Indoor_Football_League?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Indoor Football League">Indoor Football League</a> at <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wells_Fargo_Arena_(Des_Moines)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Wells Fargo Arena (Des Moines)">Wells Fargo Arena</a> in Des Moines. The <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cedar_Rapids_Titans?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Cedar Rapids Titans">Cedar Rapids Titans</a> play in the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Indoor_Football_League?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Indoor Football League">Indoor Football League</a> at the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._Cellular_Center_(Cedar_Rapids,_Iowa)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Cellular Center (Cedar Rapids, Iowa)">U.S. Cellular Center</a>. The <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa_Speedway?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iowa Speedway">Iowa Speedway</a> oval track in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Newton,_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Newton, Iowa">Newton</a> has hosted auto racing championships such as the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/IndyCar_Series?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="IndyCar Series">IndyCar Series</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/NASCAR_Xfinity_Series?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="NASCAR Xfinity Series">NASCAR Xfinity Series</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/NASCAR_Truck_Series?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="NASCAR Truck Series">NASCAR Truck Series</a> since 2006. Also, the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Knoxville_Raceway?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Knoxville Raceway">Knoxville Raceway</a> dirt track hosts the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Knoxville_Nationals?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Knoxville Nationals">Knoxville Nationals</a>, one of the classic <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sprint_car_racing?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sprint car racing">sprint car racing</a> events. The <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/John_Deere_Classic?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="John Deere Classic">John Deere Classic</a> is a <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/PGA_Tour?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="PGA Tour">PGA Tour</a> golf event held in the Quad Cities since 1971. The <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Principal_Charity_Classic?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Principal Charity Classic">Principal Charity Classic</a> is a <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Champions_Tour?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Champions Tour">Champions Tour</a> event since 2001. The <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Des_Moines_Golf_and_Country_Club?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Des Moines Golf and Country Club">Des Moines Golf and Country Club</a> hosted the 1999 <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._Senior_Open?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="U.S. Senior Open">U.S. Senior Open</a> and the 2017 <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Solheim_Cup?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Solheim Cup">Solheim Cup</a>. </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(11)"> <h2 id="Sister_jurisdictions">Sister jurisdictions</h2> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Iowa&action=edit&section=62&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Sister jurisdictions" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-11 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-11"> Iowa has ten official partner jurisdictions:<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-307">[302]</a> <ul> <li> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Yamanashi_Prefecture?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Yamanashi Prefecture">Yamanashi Prefecture</a>, Japan (1960)</li> <li> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="980" data-file-height="560"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 13px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="13" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/46px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Yucat%C3%A1n_(state)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Yucatán (state)">Yucatán</a>, Mexico (1964)</li> <li> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hebei?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hebei">Hebei Province</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_China?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="People's Republic of China">People's Republic of China</a> (1983)</li> <li> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 12px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="12" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Terengganu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Terengganu">Terengganu</a>, Malaysia (1987)</li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Taiwan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Taiwan"> <noscript> <img alt="Taiwan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png" data-alt="Taiwan" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Taiwan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Republic_of_China?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of China">Republic of China</a> (1989)</li> <li> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Stavropol_Krai?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Stavropol Krai">Stavropol Krai</a>, USSR/Russia (1989)</li> <li> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cherkasy_Oblast?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cherkasy Oblast">Cherkasy Oblast</a>, Ukraine (1996)</li> <li> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Veneto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Veneto">Veneto Region</a>, Italy (1997)</li> <li> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Kosovo.svg/21px-Flag_of_Kosovo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="840" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 21px;height: 15px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Kosovo.svg/21px-Flag_of_Kosovo.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="21" data-height="15" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Kosovo.svg/32px-Flag_of_Kosovo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Kosovo.svg/42px-Flag_of_Kosovo.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kosovo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kosovo">Republic of Kosovo</a> (2013) A <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_in_the_United_States?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="List of diplomatic missions in the United States">consulate</a> was opened in Des Moines in 2015.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-308">[303]</a></li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(12)"> <h2 id="See_also">See also</h2> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Iowa&action=edit&section=63&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: See also" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-12 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-12"> <ul> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Index_of_Iowa-related_articles?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Index of Iowa-related articles">Index of Iowa-related articles</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Outline_of_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Outline of Iowa">Outline of Iowa</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/USS_Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="USS Iowa">USS Iowa</a>, 4 ships</li> </ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em;align-items:baseline;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-item{display:inline-block;margin:0.15em 0.2em;min-height:24px;line-height:24px}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;flex-flow:column wrap;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{text-align:center;flex:0;padding-left:0.5em;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;align-items:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:center;flex:0;column-gap:1em;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0 auto;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{border-top:none;margin:0;list-style:none}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style> <div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portals</a>: <ul class="portal-bar-content"> <li class="portal-bar-item"> <noscript> <img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Iowa.svg/21px-Flag_of_Iowa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="14" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="714" data-file-height="477"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 21px;height: 14px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Iowa.svg/21px-Flag_of_Iowa.svg.png" data-alt="flag" data-width="21" data-height="14" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Iowa.svg/32px-Flag_of_Iowa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Iowa.svg/42px-Flag_of_Iowa.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Portal:Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Portal:Iowa">Iowa</a></li> <li class="portal-bar-item"> <noscript> <img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/21px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 21px;height: 11px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/21px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" data-alt="flag" data-width="21" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/42px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Portal:United_States?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Portal:United States">United States</a></li> </ul> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(13)"> <h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Iowa&action=edit&section=64&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Notes" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-13 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-13"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style> <div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-NAVD88-4">^ <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-NAVD88_4-0">a</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-NAVD88_4-1">b</a> Elevation adjusted to <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/North_American_Vertical_Datum_of_1988?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="North American Vertical Datum of 1988">North American Vertical Datum of 1988</a>.</li> <li id="cite_note-71"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-71">^</a> The Missouri and Mississippi river boundaries are as they were mapped in the 19th century, which can vary from their modern courses.</li> <li id="cite_note-132"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-132">^</a> Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin are not distinguished between total and partial ancestry.</li> <li id="cite_note-139"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-139">^</a> Based on 2000 U.S. Census Data.</li> <li id="cite_note-MSA-165"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-MSA_165-0">^</a> However, a portion of the larger <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Omaha%E2%80%93Council_Bluffs_metropolitan_area?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Omaha–Council Bluffs metropolitan area">Omaha–Council Bluffs metropolitan area</a> does extend into the state.</li> </ol> </div> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(14)"> <h2 id="References">References</h2> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Iowa&action=edit&section=65&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: References" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-14 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-14"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"> <div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-1">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFSecretary_of_State,_Iowa2000" class="citation web cs1">Secretary of State, Iowa (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://publications.iowa.gov/135/1/profile/8-1.html">"Iowa Official Register"</a>. Iowa Publications Online. State Library of Iowa.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Iowa+Publications+Online&rft.atitle=Iowa+Official+Register&rft.date=2000&rft.au=Secretary+of+State%2C+Iowa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpublications.iowa.gov%2F135%2F1%2Fprofile%2F8-1.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-2">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/2010/geo/state-area.html">"State Area Measurements and Internal Point Coordinates"</a>. Census.gov.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Census.gov&rft.atitle=State+Area+Measurements+and+Internal+Point+Coordinates&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov%2Fgeographies%2Freference-files%2F2010%2Fgeo%2Fstate-area.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-USGS-3">^ <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-USGS_3-0">a</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-USGS_3-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20111102003514/http://egsc.usgs.gov/isb/pubs/booklets/elvadist/elvadist.html">"Elevations and Distances in the United States"</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/United_States_Geological_Survey?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="United States Geological Survey">United States Geological Survey</a>. 2001. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://egsc.usgs.gov/isb/pubs/booklets/elvadist/elvadist.html">the original</a> on November 2, 2011. Retrieved October 21, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Elevations+and+Distances+in+the+United+States&rft.pub=United+States+Geological+Survey&rft.date=2001&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fegsc.usgs.gov%2Fisb%2Fpubs%2Fbooklets%2Felvadist%2Felvadist.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-5">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.census.gov/data/tables/2020/dec/2020-apportionment-data.html">"2020 Census Apportionment Results"</a>. United States Census Bureau. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20210426210008/https://www.census.gov/data/tables/2020/dec/2020-apportionment-data.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 26, 2021. 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Retrieved August 8, 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Insurance+Journal&rft.atitle=N.H.+Receives+Lowest+Crime+Ranking%3B+Nevada+Ranks+as+Worst+State&rft.date=2009-03-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.insurancejournal.com%2Fnews%2Fnational%2F2009%2F03%2F25%2F99012.htm%3Fprint%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-22"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-22">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.usnews.com/news/best-states/iowa">"Best States: Overview of Iowa"</a>. US News & World Report. Retrieved November 5, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=US+News+%26+World+Report&rft.atitle=Best+States%3A+Overview+of+Iowa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usnews.com%2Fnews%2Fbest-states%2Fiowa&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-23"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-23">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlex,_Lynn_M.2000" class="citation book cs1">Alex, Lynn M. (2000). Iowa's Archaeological Past. University of Iowa Press, Iowa City.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Iowa%27s+Archaeological+Past&rft.pub=University+of+Iowa+Press%2C+Iowa+City&rft.date=2000&rft.au=Alex%2C+Lynn+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-iaarch-24">^ <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-iaarch_24-0">a</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-iaarch_24-1">b</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-iaarch_24-2">c</a> Alex, Lynn M. (2000) Iowa's Archaeological Past. University of Iowa Press, Iowa City.</li> <li id="cite_note-peterson2009-25">^ <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-peterson2009_25-0">a</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-peterson2009_25-1">b</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-peterson2009_25-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPeterson2009" class="citation book cs1">Peterson, Cynthia L. (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.uiowapress.org/books/2009-fall/whittaker.htm">"Historical Tribes and Early Forts"</a>. In William E. Whittaker (ed.). Frontier Forts of Iowa: Indians, Traders, and Soldiers, 1682–1862. Iowa City: University of Iowa Press. pp. 12–29. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-58729-831-8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-58729-831-8"><bdi>978-1-58729-831-8</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20160817031053/http://www.uiowapress.org/books/2009-fall/whittaker.htm">Archived</a> from the original on August 17, 2016. 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The Catholic Encyclopedia: An International Work of Reference on the Constitution, Doctrine, Discipline, and History of the Catholic Church. Encyclopedia Press, 1913, p. 380 (Original from Harvard University).</li> <li id="cite_note-carlson2009-28"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-carlson2009_28-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCarlson2009" class="citation book cs1">Carlson, Gayle F. (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.uiowapress.org/books/2009-fall/whittaker.htm">"Fort Atkinson, Nebraska, 1820–1827, and Other Missouri River Sites"</a>. In William E. Whittaker (ed.). Frontier Forts of Iowa: Indians, Traders, and Soldiers, 1682–1862. Iowa City: University of Iowa Press. pp. 104–120. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-58729-831-8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-58729-831-8"><bdi>978-1-58729-831-8</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20160817031053/http://www.uiowapress.org/books/2009-fall/whittaker.htm">Archived</a> from the original on August 17, 2016. 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Napoleon-series.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20201106232551/https://www.napoleon-series.org/research/government/diplomatic/c_ildefonso.html">Archived</a> from the original on November 6, 2020. Retrieved April 14, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Napoleon-series.org&rft.atitle=Treaty+of+San+Ildefonso+1800&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.napoleon-series.org%2Fresearch%2Fgovernment%2Fdiplomatic%2Fc_ildefonso.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-30"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-30">^</a> Pike (1965): The expeditions of Zebulon Montgomery Pike to headwaters of the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mississippi_River?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mississippi River">Mississippi River</a>, through <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Louisiana_Territory?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Louisiana Territory">Louisiana Territory</a>, and in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/New_Spain?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="New Spain">New Spain</a>, during the years June 7, 1805, Ross & Haines</li> <li id="cite_note-mckusick2009-31">^ <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-mckusick2009_31-0">a</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-mckusick2009_31-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcKusick2009" class="citation book cs1">McKusick, Marshall B. (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.uiowapress.org/books/2009-fall/whittaker.htm">"Fort Madison, 1808–1813"</a>. In William E. Whittaker (ed.). Frontier Forts of Iowa: Indians, Traders, and Soldiers, 1682–1862. Iowa City: University of Iowa Press. pp. 55–74. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-58729-831-8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-58729-831-8"><bdi>978-1-58729-831-8</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20160817031053/http://www.uiowapress.org/books/2009-fall/whittaker.htm">Archived</a> from the original on August 17, 2016. 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(2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.uiowapress.org/books/2009-fall/whittaker.htm">Frontier Forts of Iowa: Indians, Traders, and Soldiers, 1682–1862</a>. Iowa City: University of Iowa Press. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-58729-831-8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-58729-831-8"><bdi>978-1-58729-831-8</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20160817031053/http://www.uiowapress.org/books/2009-fall/whittaker.htm">Archived</a> from the original on August 17, 2016. 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Retrieved July 26, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Civil+War&rft.pub=Iowanationalguard.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iowanationalguard.com%2FMuseum%2FIA_History%2FCivilWar.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-55"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-55">^</a> Iowa Official Register, Volume No. 60, pages 315–316</li> <li id="cite_note-56"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-56">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.census.gov/library/publications/1864/dec/1860a.html">"1860 Census: Population of the United States"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20210121165007/https://www.census.gov/library/publications/1864/dec/1860a.html">Archived</a> January 21, 2021, at the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. 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Retrieved April 14, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+United+States+Census+Bureau&rft.atitle=1880+Census%3A+Volume+1.+Statistics+of+the+Population&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov%2Flibrary%2Fpublications%2F1883%2Fdec%2Fvol-01-population.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-ec-ag-58">^ <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-ec-ag_58-0">a</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-ec-ag_58-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.iowapbs.org/iowapathways/mypath/economics-agriculture">"The Economics of Agriculture"</a>. Iowa PBS. July 25, 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20200521171513/http://www.iowapbs.org/iowapathways/mypath/economics-agriculture">Archived</a> from the original on May 21, 2020. Retrieved April 15, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Iowa+PBS&rft.atitle=The+Economics+of+Agriculture&rft.date=2016-07-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iowapbs.org%2Fiowapathways%2Fmypath%2Feconomics-agriculture&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-59"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-59">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.iowapbs.org/iowapathways/mypath/types-business-and-industry">"Types of Business and Industry"</a>. Iowa PBS. 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Retrieved April 15, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Iowa+PBS&rft.atitle=Types+of+Business+and+Industry&rft.date=2016-07-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iowapbs.org%2Fiowapathways%2Fmypath%2Ftypes-business-and-industry&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-60"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-60">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.iowapbs.org/iowapathways/mypath/early-industry">"Early Industry"</a>. Iowa PBS. July 25, 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20200611135435/http://www.iowapbs.org/iowapathways/mypath/early-industry">Archived</a> from the original on June 11, 2020. 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Census.gov. United States Census Bureau. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.census.gov/data/tables/time-series/dec/popchange-data-text.html">the original</a> on April 29, 2021. 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Retrieved July 26, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Iowa+Economic+Development+Authority&rft.pub=iowaeconomicdevelopment.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iowaeconomicdevelopment.com%2Fresources%2Freports%2FFY13Report&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-70"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-70">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20090802085648/http://www.legis.state.ia.us/Constitution.html">Preamble to the 1857 Constitution of the State of Iowa</a>. 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Sullivan's Line, the Honey War, and latitudinal estimations"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://homepage.mac.com/jeffmorrison/maps/sullivanline.html">the original</a> on January 1, 2007. Retrieved August 9, 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Forty-Thirty-five+or+fight%3F+Sullivan%27s+Line%2C+the+Honey+War%2C+and+latitudinal+estimations&rft.date=2005-01-13&rft.aulast=Morrison&rft.aufirst=Jeff&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhomepage.mac.com%2Fjeffmorrison%2Fmaps%2Fsullivanline.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-74"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-74">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.50states.com/facts/iowa.htm">"Iowa Fast Facts and Trivia"</a>. 50states.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20130128111247/http://www.50states.com/facts/iowa.htm">Archived</a> from the original on January 28, 2013. Retrieved February 24, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Iowa+Fast+Facts+and+Trivia&rft.pub=50states.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.50states.com%2Ffacts%2Fiowa.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-75"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-75">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.cityofcarterlake.com/about-carter-lake-">"About Carter Lake"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20201009210417/http://www.cityofcarterlake.com/about-carter-lake-">Archived</a> from the original on October 9, 2020. Retrieved October 7, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=About+Carter+Lake&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cityofcarterlake.com%2Fabout-carter-lake-&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-76"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-76">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20101222131008/http://www.naco.org/research/data/Pages/CountySeats.aspx">"National Association of Counties"</a>. County Seats. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.naco.org/research/data/Pages/CountySeats.aspx">the original</a> on December 22, 2010. Retrieved December 24, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=National+Association+of+Counties&rft.pub=County+Seats&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.naco.org%2Fresearch%2Fdata%2FPages%2FCountySeats.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-77"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-77">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPrior" class="citation book cs1">Prior, Jean Cutler. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20090416104106/http://www.igsb.uiowa.edu/browse/geoiowa/geoiowa.htm">Geology of Iowa: Iowa's Earth History Shaped by Ice, Wind, Rivers, and Ancient Seas</a>. Adapted from Iowa Geology 2007, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa_Department_of_Natural_Resources?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iowa Department of Natural Resources">Iowa Department of Natural Resources</a>. Iowa Department of Natural Resources Geological Survey. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.igsb.uiowa.edu/Browse/geoiowa/GEOIOWA.HTM">the original</a> on April 16, 2009. Retrieved August 9, 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Geology+of+Iowa%3A+Iowa%27s+Earth+History+Shaped+by+Ice%2C+Wind%2C+Rivers%2C+and+Ancient+Seas&rft.pub=Iowa+Department+of+Natural+Resources+Geological+Survey&rft.aulast=Prior&rft.aufirst=Jean+Cutler&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.igsb.uiowa.edu%2FBrowse%2Fgeoiowa%2FGEOIOWA.HTM&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-78"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-78">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAnderson1998" class="citation book cs1">Anderson, Wayne I. (1998). Iowa's Geological Past: Three Billion Years of Change. Iowa City: University of Iowa Press. p. 21.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Iowa%27s+Geological+Past%3A+Three+Billion+Years+of+Change&rft.place=Iowa+City&rft.pages=21&rft.pub=University+of+Iowa+Press&rft.date=1998&rft.aulast=Anderson&rft.aufirst=Wayne+I.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-Prior91-79">^ <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Prior91_79-0">a</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Prior91_79-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPrior,_Jean_C.1991" class="citation book cs1">Prior, Jean C. (1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20090302084724/http://www.igsb.uiowa.edu/Browse/landform.htm">Landforms of Iowa</a>. University of Iowa Press, Iowa City. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.igsb.uiowa.edu/Browse/landform.htm">the original</a> on March 2, 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Landforms+of+Iowa&rft.pub=University+of+Iowa+Press%2C+Iowa+City&rft.date=1991&rft.au=Prior%2C+Jean+C.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.igsb.uiowa.edu%2FBrowse%2Flandform.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-80"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-80">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pubs.usgs.gov/info/loess/">"Geology of the Loess Hills, Iowa"</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/United_States_Geological_Survey?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="United States Geological Survey">United States Geological Survey</a>. July 1999. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20080328103032/http://pubs.usgs.gov/info/loess/">Archived</a> from the original on March 28, 2008. Retrieved March 26, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Geology+of+the+Loess+Hills%2C+Iowa&rft.pub=United+States+Geological+Survey&rft.date=1999-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpubs.usgs.gov%2Finfo%2Floess%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-81"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-81">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.uni.edu/iowaonline/prairievoices/images/Landforms_of_Iowa.pdf">"Landforms of Iowa"</a> (PDF). Uni.edu. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20120731024555/http://www.uni.edu/iowaonline/prairievoices/images/Landforms_of_Iowa.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on July 31, 2012. Retrieved April 7, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Landforms+of+Iowa&rft.pub=Uni.edu&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.uni.edu%2Fiowaonline%2Fprairievoices%2Fimages%2FLandforms_of_Iowa.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-Odessa-82"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Odessa_82-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20080921204808/http://www.iowadnr.com/fish/fishing/lakes/ode58.html">"Odessa"</a>. Iowa Department of Natural Resources. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.iowadnr.com/fish/fishing/lakes/ode58.html">the original</a> on September 21, 2008. Retrieved June 6, 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Odessa&rft.pub=Iowa+Department+of+Natural+Resources&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iowadnr.com%2Ffish%2Ffishing%2Flakes%2Fode58.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-83"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-83">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.iowadnr.gov/environmental-protection/water-quality/water-monitoring/wetlands">"Wetlands"</a>. Iowadnr.gov. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20200407181024/https://www.iowadnr.gov/environmental-protection/water-quality/water-monitoring/wetlands">Archived</a> from the original on April 7, 2020. Retrieved April 7, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Iowadnr.gov&rft.atitle=Wetlands&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.iowadnr.gov%2Fenvironmental-protection%2Fwater-quality%2Fwater-monitoring%2Fwetlands&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-84"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-84">^</a> Iowa DNR: Iowa's Statewide Land Cover Inventory, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.igsb.uiowa.edu/Browse/landcvr/landcvr.htm">Uiowa.edu</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20090502010333/http://www.igsb.uiowa.edu/Browse/landcvr/landcvr.htm">Archived</a> May 2, 2009, at the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li id="cite_note-85"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-85">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRicketts,_Taylor_H.1999" class="citation book cs1">Ricketts, Taylor H. (1999). Terrestrial ecoregions of North America : a conservation assessment. Washington, D.C.: Island Press. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-55963-722-6?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:BookSources/1-55963-722-6"><bdi>1-55963-722-6</bdi></a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/40856986">40856986</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Terrestrial+ecoregions+of+North+America+%3A+a+conservation+assessment&rft.place=Washington%2C+D.C.&rft.pub=Island+Press&rft.date=1999&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F40856986&rft.isbn=1-55963-722-6&rft.au=Ricketts%2C+Taylor+H.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-86"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-86">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.worldwildlife.org/ecoregions/na0805">"Central tall grasslands | Ecoregions | WWF"</a>. World Wildlife Fund. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20200810230034/https://www.worldwildlife.org/ecoregions/na0805">Archived</a> from the original on August 10, 2020. Retrieved April 7, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=World+Wildlife+Fund&rft.atitle=Central+tall+grasslands+%7C+Ecoregions+%7C+WWF&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldwildlife.org%2Fecoregions%2Fna0805&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-87"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-87">^</a> Iowa's Threatened and Endangered Species Program, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.iowadnr.gov/Environment/ThreatenedEndangered.aspx">Iowadnr.gov</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924035847/http://www.iowadnr.gov/Environment/ThreatenedEndangered.aspx">Archived</a> September 24, 2015, at the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li id="cite_note-88"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-88">^</a> "Des Moines Register", June 1, 2019, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.nicholasjohnson.org/politics/IaChild/eddmr601.html">Iowa Must Step Up Investment in Public Lands</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20110722011116/http://www.nicholasjohnson.org/politics/IaChild/eddmr601.html">Archived</a> July 22, 2011, at the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Nicholasjohnson.org</li> <li id="cite_note-89"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-89">^</a> Federally Listed Animals in Iowa, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.agriculture.state.ia.us/livingOnTheEdge/endangeredAnimals.asp">Agriculture.state.ia.us</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20110930210518/http://www.agriculture.state.ia.us/livingOnTheEdge/endangeredAnimals.asp">Archived</a> September 30, 2011, at the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li id="cite_note-90"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-90">^</a> Federally Listed Plants in Iowa, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.agriculture.state.ia.us/livingOnTheEdge/endangeredPlants.asp">Agriculture.state.ia.us</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20110930210523/http://www.agriculture.state.ia.us/livingOnTheEdge/endangeredPlants.asp">Archived</a> September 30, 2011, at the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li id="cite_note-ISU_1-91"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-ISU_1_91-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.desmoinesregister.com/story/opinion/columnists/iowa-view/2020/02/18/cafos-animal-feeding-hogs-harms-iowa-have-worsened-moratorium/4794608002/">"Living with Hogs in Rural Iowa"</a>. 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Retrieved February 17, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ustravelweather.com&rft.atitle=Iowa+Weather-Iowa+Weather+Forecast-Iowa+Climate&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ustravelweather.com%2Fiowa%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-weather.com-104"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-weather.com_104-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20081008014408/http://www.weather.com/outlook/health/allergies/wxclimatology/monthly/52804">"Monthly Averages for Davenport, Iowa"</a>. Weather.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.weather.com/outlook/health/allergies/wxclimatology/monthly/52804">the original</a> on October 8, 2008. Retrieved November 1, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Monthly+Averages+for+Davenport%2C+Iowa&rft.pub=Weather.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.weather.com%2Foutlook%2Fhealth%2Fallergies%2Fwxclimatology%2Fmonthly%2F52804&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-105"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-105">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20121024151924/http://www.weather.com/outlook/health/fitness/wxclimatology/monthly/graph/USIA0231">"Average Weather for Des Moines, IA—Temperature and Precipitation"</a>. Weather.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.weather.com/outlook/health/fitness/wxclimatology/monthly/graph/USIA0231">the original</a> on October 24, 2012. Retrieved February 18, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Average+Weather+for+Des+Moines%2C+IA%E2%80%94Temperature+and+Precipitation&rft.pub=Weather.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.weather.com%2Foutlook%2Fhealth%2Ffitness%2Fwxclimatology%2Fmonthly%2Fgraph%2FUSIA0231&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-106"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-106">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20121024141157/http://www.weather.com/outlook/health/fitness/wxclimatology/daily/USIA0434">"Daily Averages for Keokuk, IA"</a>. weather.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.weather.com/outlook/health/fitness/wxclimatology/daily/USIA0434">the original</a> on October 24, 2012. Retrieved February 18, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Daily+Averages+for+Keokuk%2C+IA&rft.pub=weather.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.weather.com%2Foutlook%2Fhealth%2Ffitness%2Fwxclimatology%2Fdaily%2FUSIA0434&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-107"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-107">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20121024141115/http://www.weather.com/outlook/health/fitness/wxclimatology/monthly/graph/USIA0541">"Average Weather for Mason City, IA—Temperature and Precipitation"</a>. Weather.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.weather.com/outlook/health/fitness/wxclimatology/monthly/graph/USIA0541">the original</a> on October 24, 2012. Retrieved February 18, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Average+Weather+for+Mason+City%2C+IA%E2%80%94Temperature+and+Precipitation&rft.pub=Weather.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.weather.com%2Foutlook%2Fhealth%2Ffitness%2Fwxclimatology%2Fmonthly%2Fgraph%2FUSIA0541&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-108"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-108">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20121024141126/http://www.weather.com/outlook/health/fitness/wxclimatology/monthly/graph/USIA0793">"Average Weather for Sioux City, IA—Temperature and Precipitation"</a>. Weather.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.weather.com/outlook/health/fitness/wxclimatology/monthly/graph/USIA0793">the original</a> on October 24, 2012. Retrieved February 18, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Average+Weather+for+Sioux+City%2C+IA%E2%80%94Temperature+and+Precipitation&rft.pub=Weather.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.weather.com%2Foutlook%2Fhealth%2Ffitness%2Fwxclimatology%2Fmonthly%2Fgraph%2FUSIA0793&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-109"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-109">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.wrcc.dri.edu/pcpn/ia.gif">Average Annual Precipitation Iowa, 1961–1990 (GIF File)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20100213012932/http://www.wrcc.dri.edu/pcpn/ia.gif">Archived</a> February 13, 2010, at the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>—Christopher Daly, Jenny Weisburg</li> <li id="cite_note-110"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-110">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20101203141541/http://www.weather.com/outlook/travel/businesstraveler/wxclimatology/monthly/graph/USIA0231">"Average Weather for Des Moines, IA—Temperature and Precipitation, Weather.com, Retrieved Jan. 7, 2009"</a>. Weather.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.weather.com/outlook/travel/businesstraveler/wxclimatology/monthly/graph/USIA0231">the original</a> on December 3, 2010. Retrieved July 31, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Average+Weather+for+Des+Moines%2C+IA%E2%80%94Temperature+and+Precipitation%2C+Weather.com%2C+Retrieved+Jan.+7%2C+2009&rft.pub=Weather.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.weather.com%2Foutlook%2Ftravel%2Fbusinesstraveler%2Fwxclimatology%2Fmonthly%2Fgraph%2FUSIA0231&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-111"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-111">^</a> Data from U.S. Census Bureau, Population Division. Modeled after Iowa Data Center Map, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.iowadatacenter.org/maps/copercent2009">Iowadatacenter.org</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20130117082408/http://www.iowadatacenter.org/maps/copercent2009">Archived</a> January 17, 2013, at the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li id="cite_note-112"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-112">^</a> Iowans still flocking to cities, census stats show. Cedar Rapids Gazette, June 30, 2009, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.gazetteonline.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID%3D/20090701/NEWS/707019956/1001/NEWS">Gazetteonline.com</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20120330082817/http://www.gazetteonline.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID%3D%252F20090701%252FNEWS%252F707019956%252F1001%252FNEWS">Archived</a> March 30, 2012, at the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li id="cite_note-113"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-113">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrimes2005" class="citation news cs1">Grimes, William (September 14, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.nytimes.com/2005/09/14/books/14grim.html">"In This Small Town in Iowa the Future Speaks Spanish"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20140209162307/http://www.nytimes.com/2005/09/14/books/14grim.html">Archived</a> from the original on February 9, 2014. Retrieved February 19, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=In+This+Small+Town+in+Iowa+the+Future+Speaks+Spanish&rft.date=2005-09-14&rft.aulast=Grimes&rft.aufirst=William&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2005%2F09%2F14%2Fbooks%2F14grim.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-114"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-114">^</a> Iowa Brain Drain, Iowa Civic Analysis Network, University of Iowa, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.uiowa.edu/~ican/Papers%25202006/braindrain122806.pdf">Uiowa.edu</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20120412193400/http://www.uiowa.edu/~ican/Papers%25202006/braindrain122806.pdf">Archived</a> April 12, 2012, at the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li id="cite_note-115"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-115">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.census.gov">"Annual Estimates of the Resident Population: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2020"</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/United_States_Census_Bureau?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="United States Census Bureau">United States Census Bureau</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/19961227012639/https://www.census.gov/">Archived</a> from the original on December 27, 1996. Retrieved June 8, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Annual+Estimates+of+the+Resident+Population%3A+April+1%2C+2010+to+July+1%2C+2020&rft.pub=United+States+Census+Bureau&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-116"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-116">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.census.gov">"Population 2010—Iowa Cities"</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/United_States_Census_Bureau?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="United States Census Bureau">United States Census Bureau</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/19961227012639/https://www.census.gov/">Archived</a> from the original on December 27, 1996. Retrieved August 4, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Population+2010%E2%80%94Iowa+Cities&rft.pub=United+States+Census+Bureau&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-117"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-117">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.census.gov">"Estimates of Resident Population Change and Rankings: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2020—United States—Metropolitan Statistical Area; and for Puerto Rico"</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/United_States_Census_Bureau?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="United States Census Bureau">United States Census Bureau</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/19961227012639/https://www.census.gov/">Archived</a> from the original on December 27, 1996. Retrieved June 8, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Estimates+of+Resident+Population+Change+and+Rankings%3A+April+1%2C+2010+to+July+1%2C+2020%E2%80%94United+States%E2%80%94Metropolitan+Statistical+Area%3B+and+for+Puerto+Rico&rft.pub=United+States+Census+Bureau&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-2020_Census-118"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-2020_Census_118-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial/2020/data/apportionment/apportionment-2020-tableE.pdf">"Numeric and Percent Change in Resident Population"</a> (PDF). 2020 Census Apportionment Results. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/United_States_Census_Bureau?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="United States Census Bureau">United States Census Bureau</a>, Population Division. April 26, 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20210426202130/https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial/2020/data/apportionment/apportionment-2020-tableE.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on April 26, 2021. Retrieved April 27, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=2020+Census+Apportionment+Results&rft.atitle=Numeric+and+Percent+Change+in+Resident+Population&rft.date=2021-04-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww2.census.gov%2Fprograms-surveys%2Fdecennial%2F2020%2Fdata%2Fapportionment%2Fapportionment-2020-tableE.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-119"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-119">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/IA">"Quickfacts: Iowa"</a>. The United States Census Bureau. Retrieved August 14, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Quickfacts%3A+Iowa&rft.pub=The+United+States+Census+Bureau&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov%2Fquickfacts%2FIA&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-120"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-120">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.census.gov">"U.S. Census website"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/19961227012639/https://www.census.gov/">Archived</a> from the original on December 27, 1996. Retrieved January 18, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=U.S.+Census+website&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-121"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-121">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20100527093102/http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/19000.html">"U.S. Census quickfacts"</a>. United States Census Bureau. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/19000.html">the original</a> on May 27, 2010. Retrieved April 2, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=U.S.+Census+quickfacts&rft.pub=United+States+Census+Bureau&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fquickfacts.census.gov%2Fqfd%2Fstates%2F19000.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-122"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-122">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohn_W._Wright2007" class="citation book cs1">John W. Wright, ed. (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://archive.org/details/newyorktimesalma00john_2">The New York Times 2008 Almanac</a>. Penguin Group (USA) Incorporated. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://archive.org/details/newyorktimesalma00john_2/page/178">178</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780143112334?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:BookSources/9780143112334"><bdi>9780143112334</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+New+York+Times+2008+Almanac&rft.pages=178&rft.pub=Penguin+Group+%28USA%29+Incorporated&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=9780143112334&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fnewyorktimesalma00john_2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-123"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-123">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/2010/geo/2010-centers-population.html">"Centers of Population for the 2010 Census"</a>. The United States Census Bureau. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20200611134701/https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/2010/geo/2010-centers-population.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 11, 2020. Retrieved April 27, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+United+States+Census+Bureau&rft.atitle=Centers+of+Population+for+the+2010+Census&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov%2Fgeographies%2Freference-files%2F2010%2Fgeo%2F2010-centers-population.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-124"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-124">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.americanimmigrationcouncil.org/sites/default/files/research/immigrants_in_iowa.pdf">"Immigrants in Iowa"</a> (PDF). American Immigration Council.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=American+Immigration+Council&rft.atitle=Immigrants+in+Iowa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.americanimmigrationcouncil.org%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Fresearch%2Fimmigrants_in_iowa.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-125"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-125">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.britannica.com/place/Iowa-state/People">"Settlers, Immigrants, Agriculture"</a>. Encyclopedia Britannica. July 26, 1999.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Settlers%2C+Immigrants%2C+Agriculture&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+Britannica&rft.date=1999-07-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fplace%2FIowa-state%2FPeople&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-126"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-126">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.iowapbs.org/iowapathways/mypath/2521/african-american-communities%23popup-container">"African-American Communities"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=African-American+Communities&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.iowapbs.org%2Fiowapathways%2Fmypath%2F2521%2Fafrican-american-communities%23popup-container&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-127"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-127">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.census.gov/library/visualizations/interactive/race-and-ethnicity-in-the-united-state-2010-and-2020-census.html">"Race and Ethnicity in the United States: 2010 Census and 2020 Census"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Race+and+Ethnicity+in+the+United+States%3A+2010+Census+and+2020+Census&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov%2Flibrary%2Fvisualizations%2Finteractive%2Frace-and-ethnicity-in-the-united-state-2010-and-2020-census.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-Census2010-128"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Census2010_128-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://archive.today/20200213005418/https://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_DP/DPDP1/0400000US19">"2010 Demographic Profile Data"</a>. U.S. Census Bureau. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_DP/DPDP1/0400000US19">the original</a> on February 13, 2020. Retrieved August 23, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2010+Demographic+Profile+Data&rft.pub=U.S.+Census+Bureau&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffactfinder.census.gov%2Fbkmk%2Ftable%2F1.0%2Fen%2FDEC%2F10_DP%2FDPDP1%2F0400000US19&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-129"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-129">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://view.officeapps.live.com/op/view.aspx?src%3Dhttps%253A%252F%252Fwww.huduser.gov%252Fportal%252Fsites%252Fdefault%252Ffiles%252Fxls%252F2007-2022-PIT-Counts-by-State.xlsx%26wdOrigin%3DBROWSELINK">"2007-2022 PIT Counts by State"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2007-2022+PIT+Counts+by+State&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fview.officeapps.live.com%2Fop%2Fview.aspx%3Fsrc%3Dhttps%253A%252F%252Fwww.huduser.gov%252Fportal%252Fsites%252Fdefault%252Ffiles%252Fxls%252F2007-2022-PIT-Counts-by-State.xlsx%26wdOrigin%3DBROWSELINK&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-130"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-130">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.huduser.gov/portal/sites/default/files/pdf/2022-AHAR-Part-1.pdf">"The 2022 Annual Homelessness Assessment Report (AHAR) to Congress"</a> (PDF).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+2022+Annual+Homelessness+Assessment+Report+%28AHAR%29+to+Congress&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.huduser.gov%2Fportal%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Fpdf%2F2022-AHAR-Part-1.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-131"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-131">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.census.gov/library/visualizations/interactive/race-and-ethnicity-in-the-united-state-2010-and-2020-census.html">"Race and Ethnicity in the United States: 2010 Census and 2020 Census"</a>. census.gov. United States Census Bureau. August 12, 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20210815165418/https://www.census.gov/library/visualizations/interactive/race-and-ethnicity-in-the-united-state-2010-and-2020-census.html">Archived</a> from the original on August 15, 2021. Retrieved September 26, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=census.gov&rft.atitle=Race+and+Ethnicity+in+the+United+States%3A+2010+Census+and+2020+Census&rft.date=2021-08-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov%2Flibrary%2Fvisualizations%2Finteractive%2Frace-and-ethnicity-in-the-united-state-2010-and-2020-census.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-133"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-133">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20080725044857/http://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0056/twps0056.html">"Historical Census Statistics on Population Totals By Race, 1790 to 1990, and By Hispanic Origin, 1970 to 1990, For The United States, Regions, Divisions, and States"</a>. Census.gov. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0056/twps0056.html">the original</a> on July 25, 2008. Retrieved July 26, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Historical+Census+Statistics+on+Population+Totals+By+Race%2C+1790+to+1990%2C+and+By+Hispanic+Origin%2C+1970+to+1990%2C+For+The+United+States%2C+Regions%2C+Divisions%2C+and+States&rft.pub=Census.gov&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov%2Fpopulation%2Fwww%2Fdocumentation%2Ftwps0056%2Ftwps0056.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-134"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-134">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://censusviewer.com/state/IA">"Population of Iowa: Census 2010 and 2000 Interactive Map, Demographics, Statistics, Quick Facts"</a>. Censusviewer.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304154922/http://censusviewer.com/state/IA">Archived</a> from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved July 26, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Population+of+Iowa%3A+Census+2010+and+2000+Interactive+Map%2C+Demographics%2C+Statistics%2C+Quick+Facts&rft.pub=Censusviewer.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcensusviewer.com%2Fstate%2FIA&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-135"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-135">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREF2010_Census_Data" class="citation web cs1">2010 Census Data. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census/decade.2010.html">"2010 Census Data"</a>. Census.gov. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20170522200920/https://census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census/decade.2010.html">Archived</a> from the original on May 22, 2017. Retrieved July 26, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2010+Census+Data&rft.pub=Census.gov&rft.au=2010+Census+Data&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov%2Fprograms-surveys%2Fdecennial-census%2Fdecade.2010.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Template:Cite_web?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_numeric_names:_authors_list?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Category:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list">link</a>)</li> <li id="cite_note-2020DP1-136"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-2020DP1_136-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://data.census.gov/table/DECENNIALDP2020.DP1?g%3D040XX00US19">"Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2020 Demographic Profile Data (DP-1): Iowa"</a>. United States Census Bureau. 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United States Census Bureau. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/ACS/16_5YR/DP05/0400000US19">the original</a> on February 13, 2020. Retrieved November 21, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2016+American+Community+Survey%E2%80%94Demographic+and+Housing+Estimates&rft.pub=United+States+Census+Bureau&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffactfinder.census.gov%2Fbkmk%2Ftable%2F1.0%2Fen%2FACS%2F16_5YR%2FDP05%2F0400000US19&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-138"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-138">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://archive.today/20200213005716/https://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/ACS/16_5YR/DP02/0400000US19">"2016 American Community Survey—Selected Social Characteristics"</a>. United States Census Bureau. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/ACS/16_5YR/DP02/0400000US19">the original</a> on February 13, 2020. Retrieved November 21, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2016+American+Community+Survey%E2%80%94Selected+Social+Characteristics&rft.pub=United+States+Census+Bureau&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffactfinder.census.gov%2Fbkmk%2Ftable%2F1.0%2Fen%2FACS%2F16_5YR%2FDP02%2F0400000US19&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-140"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-140">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMartinHamiltonOstermanCurtin2015" class="citation report cs1">Martin JA, Hamilton BE, Osterman MJ, Curtin SC, Mathews TJ (January 15, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr64/nvsr64_01.pdf">National Vital Statistics Reports—Births: Final Data for 2013</a> (PDF) (Report). Vol. 64. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. pp. 35–6. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20170911162514/https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr64/nvsr64_01.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on September 11, 2017. Retrieved February 3, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=National+Vital+Statistics+Reports%E2%80%94Births%3A+Final+Data+for+2013&rft.pages=35-6&rft.pub=U.S.+Department+of+Health+and+Human+Services&rft.date=2015-01-15&rft.aulast=Martin&rft.aufirst=JA&rft.au=Hamilton%2C+BE&rft.au=Osterman%2C+MJ&rft.au=Curtin%2C+SC&rft.au=Mathews%2C+TJ&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Fnchs%2Fdata%2Fnvsr%2Fnvsr64%2Fnvsr64_01.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-141"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-141">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHamiltonMartinOstermanCurtin2015" class="citation report cs1">Hamilton BE, Martin JA, Osterman MJ, Curtin SC, Mathews TJ (December 23, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr64/nvsr64_12.pdf">National Vital Statistics Reports—Births: Final Data for 2014</a> (PDF) (Report). Vol. 64. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. pp. 35–6. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20170214040341/https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr64/nvsr64_12.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on February 14, 2017. Retrieved February 3, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=National+Vital+Statistics+Reports%E2%80%94Births%3A+Final+Data+for+2014&rft.pages=35-6&rft.pub=U.S.+Department+of+Health+and+Human+Services&rft.date=2015-12-23&rft.aulast=Hamilton&rft.aufirst=BE&rft.au=Martin%2C+JA&rft.au=Osterman%2C+MJ&rft.au=Curtin%2C+SC&rft.au=Mathews%2C+TJ&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Fnchs%2Fdata%2Fnvsr%2Fnvsr64%2Fnvsr64_12.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-142"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-142">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMartinHamiltonOstermanDriscoll2017" class="citation report cs1">Martin JA, Hamilton BE, Osterman MJ, Driscoll AK (January 5, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr66/nvsr66_01.pdf">National Vital Statistics Reports—Births: Final Data for 2015</a> (PDF) (Report). Vol. 66. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. pp. 38, 40. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20170831155911/https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr66/nvsr66_01.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on August 31, 2017. Retrieved February 3, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=National+Vital+Statistics+Reports%E2%80%94Births%3A+Final+Data+for+2015&rft.pages=38%2C+40&rft.pub=U.S.+Department+of+Health+and+Human+Services&rft.date=2017-01-05&rft.aulast=Martin&rft.aufirst=JA&rft.au=Hamilton%2C+BE&rft.au=Osterman%2C+MJ&rft.au=Driscoll%2C+AK&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Fnchs%2Fdata%2Fnvsr%2Fnvsr66%2Fnvsr66_01.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-143"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-143">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMartinHamiltonOstermanDriscoll2018" class="citation report cs1">Martin JA, Hamilton BE, Osterman MJ, Driscoll AK, Drake P (January 31, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr67/nvsr67_01.pdf">National Vital Statistics Reports—Births: Final Data 2016</a> (PDF) (Report). Vol. 67. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. p. 26. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20180603002249/https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr67/nvsr67_01.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on June 3, 2018. Retrieved February 3, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=National+Vital+Statistics+Reports%E2%80%94Births%3A+Final+Data+2016&rft.pages=26&rft.pub=U.S.+Department+of+Health+and+Human+Services&rft.date=2018-01-31&rft.aulast=Martin&rft.aufirst=JA&rft.au=Hamilton%2C+BE&rft.au=Osterman%2C+MJ&rft.au=Driscoll%2C+AK&rft.au=Drake%2C+P&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Fnchs%2Fdata%2Fnvsr%2Fnvsr67%2Fnvsr67_01.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-144"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-144">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMartinHamiltonOstermanDriscoll2018" class="citation report cs1">Martin JA, Hamilton BE, Osterman MJ, Driscoll AK, Drake P (November 7, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr67/nvsr67_08-508.pdf">National Vital Statistics Reports—Births, by race and origin of mother: United States, each state and territory, 2017</a> (PDF) (Report). Vol. 67. p. 20. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20190201210916/https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr67/nvsr67_08-508.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on February 1, 2019. Retrieved February 18, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=National+Vital+Statistics+Reports%E2%80%94Births%2C+by+race+and+origin+of+mother%3A+United+States%2C+each+state+and+territory%2C+2017&rft.pages=20&rft.date=2018-11-07&rft.aulast=Martin&rft.aufirst=JA&rft.au=Hamilton%2C+BE&rft.au=Osterman%2C+MJ&rft.au=Driscoll%2C+AK&rft.au=Drake%2C+P&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Fnchs%2Fdata%2Fnvsr%2Fnvsr67%2Fnvsr67_08-508.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-145"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-145">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMartinHamiltonOstermanDriscoll2019" class="citation report cs1">Martin, Joyce A.; Hamilton, Brady E.; Osterman, Michelle J.K.; Driscoll, Anne K. (November 27, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr68/nvsr68_13-508.pdf">Births: Final Data for 2018</a> (PDF) (Report). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20191128161211/https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr68/nvsr68_13-508.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on November 28, 2019. Retrieved February 26, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Births%3A+Final+Data+for+2018&rft.date=2019-11-27&rft.aulast=Martin&rft.aufirst=Joyce+A.&rft.au=Hamilton%2C+Brady+E.&rft.au=Osterman%2C+Michelle+J.K.&rft.au=Driscoll%2C+Anne+K.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Fnchs%2Fdata%2Fnvsr%2Fnvsr68%2Fnvsr68_13-508.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-146"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-146">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr70/nvsr70-02-508.pdf">"Data"</a> (PDF). Cdc.gov. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20210623200707/https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr70/nvsr70-02-508.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on June 23, 2021. Retrieved March 29, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Cdc.gov&rft.atitle=Data&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Fnchs%2Fdata%2Fnvsr%2Fnvsr70%2Fnvsr70-02-508.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-147"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-147">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr70/nvsr70-17.pdf">"Data"</a> (PDF). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20220210175206/https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr70/NVSR70-17.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on February 10, 2022. Retrieved February 21, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Centers+for+Disease+Control+and+Prevention&rft.atitle=Data&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Fnchs%2Fdata%2Fnvsr%2Fnvsr70%2Fnvsr70-17.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-148"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-148">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr72/nvsr72-01.pdf">"Data"</a> (PDF). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved February 2, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Centers+for+Disease+Control+and+Prevention&rft.atitle=Data&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Fnchs%2Fdata%2Fnvsr%2Fnvsr72%2Fnvsr72-01.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-149"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-149">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr73/nvsr73-02.pdf">"Data"</a> (PDF). www.cdc.gov. 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Retrieved August 18, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Pew+Research+Center&rft.atitle=Religious+composition+of+adults+in+Iowa&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pewforum.org%2Freligious-landscape-study%2Fstate%2Fiowa%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-152"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-152">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20120516021356/http://www.gc.cuny.edu/CUNY_GC/media/CUNY-Graduate-Center/PDF/ARIS/ARIS-PDF-version.pdf">"American Religious Identification Survey 2001"</a> (PDF). The Graduate Center of the City University of New York. 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Retrieved April 27, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Seattle+Times&rft.atitle=UNESCO+declares+Seattle+a+City+of+Literature&rft.date=2017-10-31&rft.aulast=Macdonald&rft.aufirst=Moira&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.seattletimes.com%2Fentertainment%2Fbooks%2Funesco-declares-seattle-a-city-of-literature%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-167"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-167">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.octulipfestival.com/history-heritage/history-of-tulip-festival/">"History Of Tulip Festival"</a>. Orange City Tulip Festival. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20190103034119/http://www.octulipfestival.com/history-heritage/history-of-tulip-festival/">Archived</a> from the original on January 3, 2019. Retrieved April 6, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Orange+City+Tulip+Festival&rft.atitle=History+Of+Tulip+Festival&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.octulipfestival.com%2Fhistory-heritage%2Fhistory-of-tulip-festival%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-168"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-168">^</a> ISU Extension Midwest Grape and Wine Industry Institute, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.extension.iastate.edu/Wine/Resources/iowawineries.htm">Iastate.edu</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20090125045820/http://www.extension.iastate.edu/Wine/Resources/iowawineries.htm">Archived</a> January 25, 2009, at the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li id="cite_note-169"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-169">^</a> Iowa Wine Growers Association, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://iowawinegrowers.org/mos/Frontpage/Itemid,1/">Iowawinegrowers.org</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20101123203434/https://iowawinegrowers.org/mos/Frontpage/Itemid%252C1/">Archived</a> November 23, 2010, at the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li id="cite_note-170"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-170">^</a> Iowa Farmers Market Association, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.iafarmersmarkets.org/About_Us.html">Iafarmersmarkets.org</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20090612063413/http://www.iafarmersmarkets.org/About_Us.html">Archived</a> June 12, 2009, at the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li id="cite_note-171"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-171">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.legis.iowa.gov/docs/publications/FCTA/1216435.pdf">"Iowa gross state products by industry – calendar year 2009 ($110.4 billion)"</a> (PDF). <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa_General_Assembly?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iowa General Assembly">Iowa General Assembly</a>. 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20210719103259/https://www.legis.iowa.gov/docs/publications/FCTA/1216435.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on July 19, 2021. Retrieved April 8, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Iowa+General+Assembly&rft.atitle=Iowa+gross+state+products+by+industry+%E2%80%93+calendar+year+2009+%28%24110.4+billion%29&rft.date=2009&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.legis.iowa.gov%2Fdocs%2Fpublications%2FFCTA%2F1216435.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-172"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-172">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/IA">"QuickFacts: Iowa"</a>. Census.gov. U.S. Census Bureau. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20191110053724/https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/IA">Archived</a> from the original on November 10, 2019. Retrieved January 1, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Census.gov&rft.atitle=QuickFacts%3A+Iowa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov%2Fquickfacts%2FIA&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-173"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-173">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20111226183123/http://www.cnbc.com/id/37516043">"America's Top States for Business in 2010"</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/CNBC?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="CNBC">CNBC</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.cnbc.com/id/37516043">the original</a> on December 26, 2011. Retrieved May 9, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=America%27s+Top+States+for+Business+in+2010&rft.pub=CNBC&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnbc.com%2Fid%2F37516043&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-174"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-174">^</a> Iowa's initial jobless claims grow. Des Moines Register April 2, 2009, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.desmoinesregister.com/article/20090402/BUSINESS/90402018/-1/NEWS04">Desmoinesregister.com</a>[<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">dead link</a>‍]</li> <li id="cite_note-175"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-175">^</a> City has lowest unemployment in nation, Iowa City Press-Citizen May 5., 2009, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.press-citizen.com/article/20090604/NEWS01/906040336/1079/news01">Press-citizen.com</a>[<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">dead link</a>‍]</li> <li id="cite_note-176"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-176">^</a> Iowa State University. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.recap.iastate.edu/atlas/industries/gdp-by-state-industry.php">Gross domestic product by sector and state</a>. Regional Capacity Analysis Program. Retrieved on: April 26, 2008. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20081009025120/http://www.recap.iastate.edu/atlas/industries/gdp-by-state-industry.php">Archived</a> October 9, 2008, at the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li id="cite_note-Facts-177">^ <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Facts_177-0">a</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Facts_177-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.statelibraryofiowa.org/datacenter/quickfacts">"Iowa Quick Facts—State Data Center"</a>. Statelibraryofiowa.org. June 28, 2010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20101104011507/http://www.statelibraryofiowa.org/datacenter/quickfacts">Archived</a> from the original on November 4, 2010. Retrieved July 31, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Iowa+Quick+Facts%E2%80%94State+Data+Center&rft.pub=Statelibraryofiowa.org&rft.date=2010-06-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.statelibraryofiowa.org%2Fdatacenter%2Fquickfacts&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-178"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-178">^</a> Iowa officials tout credit rating, argue it shows state's finances are strong, Associated Press July 3, 2009, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.timesrepublican.com/page/content.detail/id/84311.html?isap%3D1%26nav%3D5013">Timesrepublican.com</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20100907071322/http://www.timesrepublican.com/page/content.detail/id/84311.html?isap%3D1%26nav%3D5013">Archived</a> September 7, 2010, at the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li id="cite_note-179"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-179">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.iowaworkforcedevelopment.gov/iowas-unemployment-rate-falls-40-percent-september">"Iowa's Unemployment Rate Falls To 4.0 Percent In September"</a>. October 22, 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20211108211151/https://www.iowaworkforcedevelopment.gov/iowas-unemployment-rate-falls-40-percent-september">Archived</a> from the original on November 8, 2021. Retrieved November 8, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Iowa%27s+Unemployment+Rate+Falls+To+4.0+Percent+In+September&rft.date=2021-10-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.iowaworkforcedevelopment.gov%2Fiowas-unemployment-rate-falls-40-percent-september&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-180"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-180">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.tysonfoods.com/Our-Story/Locations.aspx">"Our story-locations"</a>. Tysonfoods.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20140704071233/http://www.tysonfoods.com/Our-Story/Locations.aspx">Archived</a> from the original on July 4, 2014. Retrieved July 16, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Our+story-locations&rft.pub=Tysonfoods.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tysonfoods.com%2FOur-Story%2FLocations.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-181"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-181">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.3m.com/3M/en_US/plant-locations-us/">"3M Plant Locations – United States"</a>. 3m.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20200418103307/https://www.3m.com/3M/en_US/plant-locations-us/">Archived</a> from the original on April 18, 2020. Retrieved April 20, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=3m.com&rft.atitle=3M+Plant+Locations+%E2%80%93+United+States&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.3m.com%2F3M%2Fen_US%2Fplant-locations-us%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-182"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-182">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDeWitt2016" class="citation web cs1">DeWitt, Jennifer (March 15, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://qctimes.com/business/alcoa-davenport-works-to-become-arconic/article_3b7a9d95-ee4e-517a-a7a6-40ed8465df72.html">"Alcoa Davenport Works to become Arconic"</a>. The Quad-City Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20200611144439/https://qctimes.com/business/alcoa-davenport-works-to-become-arconic/article_3b7a9d95-ee4e-517a-a7a6-40ed8465df72.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 11, 2020. Retrieved April 20, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Quad-City+Times&rft.atitle=Alcoa+Davenport+Works+to+become+Arconic&rft.date=2016-03-15&rft.aulast=DeWitt&rft.aufirst=Jennifer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fqctimes.com%2Fbusiness%2Falcoa-davenport-works-to-become-arconic%2Farticle_3b7a9d95-ee4e-517a-a7a6-40ed8465df72.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-183"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-183">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFriestad" class="citation web cs1">Friestad, Thomas. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.thegazette.com/subject/news/business/whirlpool-amana-plant-remaining-closed-after-more-positive-coronavirus-tests-20200330">"Whirlpool Amana plant remaining closed after more positive coronavirus tests"</a>. The Gazette. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20200402063755/https://www.thegazette.com/subject/news/business/whirlpool-amana-plant-remaining-closed-after-more-positive-coronavirus-tests-20200330">Archived</a> from the original on April 2, 2020. Retrieved April 20, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Gazette&rft.atitle=Whirlpool+Amana+plant+remaining+closed+after+more+positive+coronavirus+tests&rft.aulast=Friestad&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thegazette.com%2Fsubject%2Fnews%2Fbusiness%2Fwhirlpool-amana-plant-remaining-closed-after-more-positive-coronavirus-tests-20200330&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-184"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-184">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.emerson.com/en-us/automation/fisher">"Fisher | Emerson US"</a>. Emerson.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20200405084251/https://www.emerson.com/en-us/automation/fisher">Archived</a> from the original on April 5, 2020. 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Forbes.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20161007093752/http://www.forbes.com/companies/rockwell-collins/">Archived</a> from the original on October 7, 2016. Retrieved October 5, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Forbes.com&rft.atitle=The+World%27s+Biggest+Public+Companies+%23380&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.forbes.com%2Fcompanies%2Frockwell-collins%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-217"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-217">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.forbes.com/companies/american-equity-investment/">"The World's Biggest Public Companies #380"</a>. Forbes.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20161113124811/http://www.forbes.com/companies/american-equity-investment/">Archived</a> from the original on November 13, 2016. Retrieved October 5, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Forbes.com&rft.atitle=The+World%27s+Biggest+Public+Companies+%23380&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.forbes.com%2Fcompanies%2Famerican-equity-investment%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-218"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-218">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.bloomberg.com/research/stocks/private/snapshot.asp?privcapId%3D800051">"Company Overview of Hy-Vee, Inc"</a>. Bloomberg.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20161006053902/http://www.bloomberg.com/research/stocks/private/snapshot.asp?privcapId%3D800051">Archived</a> from the original on October 6, 2016. Retrieved October 5, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Company+Overview+of+Hy-Vee%2C+Inc&rft.pub=Bloomberg.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fresearch%2Fstocks%2Fprivate%2Fsnapshot.asp%3FprivcapId%3D800051&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-219"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-219">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.bloomberg.com/research/stocks/private/snapshot.asp?privcapId%3D767676">"Company Overview of Pella Corporation"</a>. Bloomberg.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20161006144437/http://www.bloomberg.com/research/stocks/private/snapshot.asp?privcapId%3D767676">Archived</a> from the original on October 6, 2016. Retrieved October 5, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Company+Overview+of+Pella+Corporation&rft.pub=Bloomberg.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fresearch%2Fstocks%2Fprivate%2Fsnapshot.asp%3FprivcapId%3D767676&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-220"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-220">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.bloomberg.com/research/stocks/private/snapshot.asp?privcapId%3D759605">"Company Overview of Vermeer Corporation"</a>. Bloomberg.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20160826185950/http://www.bloomberg.com/research/stocks/private/snapshot.asp?privcapId%3D759605">Archived</a> from the original on August 26, 2016. Retrieved October 5, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Company+Overview+of+Vermeer+Corporation&rft.pub=Bloomberg.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fresearch%2Fstocks%2Fprivate%2Fsnapshot.asp%3FprivcapId%3D759605&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-221"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-221">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.bloomberg.com/research/stocks/private/snapshot.asp?privcapId%3D10360362">"Company Overview of Kum & Go, L.C"</a>. Bloomberg.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20161006050415/http://www.bloomberg.com/research/stocks/private/snapshot.asp?privcapId%3D10360362">Archived</a> from the original on October 6, 2016. Retrieved October 5, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Company+Overview+of+Kum+%26+Go%2C+L.C&rft.pub=Bloomberg.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fresearch%2Fstocks%2Fprivate%2Fsnapshot.asp%3FprivcapId%3D10360362&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-222"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-222">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.bloomberg.com/research/stocks/private/snapshot.asp?privcapId%3D4241012">Company Overview of Von Maur, Inc</a>, Bloomberg.com, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20161006054420/http://www.bloomberg.com/research/stocks/private/snapshot.asp?privcapId%3D4241012">archived</a> from the original on October 6, 2016, retrieved October 5, 2016</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Company+Overview+of+Von+Maur%2C+Inc&rft.pub=Bloomberg.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fresearch%2Fstocks%2Fprivate%2Fsnapshot.asp%3FprivcapId%3D4241012&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-223"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-223">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.bloomberg.com/research/stocks/private/snapshot.asp?privcapId%3D297114">"Company Overview of Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc"</a>. Bloomberg.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20161006143134/http://www.bloomberg.com/research/stocks/private/snapshot.asp?privcapId%3D297114">Archived</a> from the original on October 6, 2016. Retrieved October 5, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Company+Overview+of+Pioneer+Hi-Bred+International%2C+Inc&rft.pub=Bloomberg.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fresearch%2Fstocks%2Fprivate%2Fsnapshot.asp%3FprivcapId%3D297114&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-224"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-224">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.bloomberg.com/research/stocks/private/snapshot.asp?privcapId%3D4204432">"Company Overview of Fareway Stores, Inc"</a>. Bloomberg.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20161006051926/http://www.bloomberg.com/research/stocks/private/snapshot.asp?privcapId%3D4204432">Archived</a> from the original on October 6, 2016. Retrieved October 5, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Company+Overview+of+Fareway+Stores%2C+Inc&rft.pub=Bloomberg.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fresearch%2Fstocks%2Fprivate%2Fsnapshot.asp%3FprivcapId%3D4204432&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-:1-225"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-:1_225-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://dailyiowan.com/2021/06/14/the-state-of-gambling-in-iowa-and-how-it-is-influencing-the-economy/">"The State of Gambling in Iowa and How It Is Influencing the Economy"</a>. The Daily Iowan. June 14, 2021. 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Retrieved April 6, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=tax.iowa.gov&rft.atitle=State+of+Iowa+Taxes+%7C+Iowa+Department+of+Revenue&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftax.iowa.gov%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-227"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-227">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://taxfoundation.org/state-corporate-income-tax-rates-and-brackets-2016/">"State Corporate Income Tax Rates and Brackets for 2016—Tax Foundation"</a>. February 1, 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20170216040947/https://taxfoundation.org/state-corporate-income-tax-rates-and-brackets-2016">Archived</a> from the original on February 16, 2017. Retrieved February 24, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=State+Corporate+Income+Tax+Rates+and+Brackets+for+2016%E2%80%94Tax+Foundation&rft.date=2016-02-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftaxfoundation.org%2Fstate-corporate-income-tax-rates-and-brackets-2016%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-228"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-228">^</a> Iowa Department of Revenue, Iowa Tax / Fee Descriptions and Rates, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.iowa.gov/tax/taxlaw/taxtypes.html%23sales">Iowa.gov</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20090506082844/http://www.iowa.gov/tax/taxlaw/taxtypes.html%23sales">Archived</a> May 6, 2009, at the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li id="cite_note-229"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-229">^</a> Iowa Department of Revenue, Iowa Local Option Tax Information, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.iowa.gov/tax/educate/localoption.html">Ioawa.gov</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20090425054850/http://www.iowa.gov/tax/educate/localoption.html">Archived</a> April 25, 2009, at the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li id="cite_note-230"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-230">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBeaumont2009" class="citation web cs1">Beaumont, Thomas (May 30, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.desmoinesregister.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID%3D2009905300328">"No tax increases planned for next year, Culver says"</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/The_Des_Moines_Register?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="The Des Moines Register">The Des Moines Register</a>. Retrieved May 31, 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Des+Moines+Register&rft.atitle=No+tax+increases+planned+for+next+year%2C+Culver+says&rft.date=2009-05-30&rft.aulast=Beaumont&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.desmoinesregister.com%2Fapps%2Fpbcs.dll%2Farticle%3FAID%3D2009905300328&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988">[<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">dead link</a>‍]</li> <li id="cite_note-231"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-231">^</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Claudia_Goldin?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Claudia Goldin">Claudia Goldin</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lawrence_F._Katz?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lawrence F. 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Retrieved July 22, 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Law+and+Society+Association&rft.atitle=The+Equality+of+Right%3A+Alexander+Clark+and+the+Desegregation+of+Iowa%27s+Public+Schools%2C+1834%E2%80%931875&rft.date=2004&rft.aulast=Brodnax&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.allacademic.com%2Fmeta%2Fp_mla_apa_research_citation%2F1%2F1%2F7%2F4%2F2%2Fp117420_index.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-261"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-261">^</a> Breaux, Richard M. (2004) "Maintaining a Home for Girls": The Iowa Federation of Colored Women's Clubs at the University of Iowa 1919–1950, Cultural Capital and Black Education ed. V.P. Franklin and C.J. Savage. 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Retrieved April 6, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=WEDDINGS%3B+Susan+B.+Titman%2C+Peter+S.+Hedges&rft.date=1993-06-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1993%2F06%2F06%2Fstyle%2Fweddings-susan-b-titman-peter-s-hedges.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-280"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-280">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://dsmmagazine.com/2022/05/02/the-men-behind-the-masks/">"The Men Behind the Masks"</a>. dsmmagazine.com. May 2, 2022. 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April 16, 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20191103225711/https://news.theopenmat.com/college-wrestling-news/division-i-attendance-for-the-2018-19-season/72721">Archived</a> from the original on November 3, 2019. Retrieved November 3, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Division+I+Attendance+for+the+2018%E2%80%9319+Season&rft.date=2019-04-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.theopenmat.com%2Fcollege-wrestling-news%2Fdivision-i-attendance-for-the-2018-19-season%2F72721&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-284"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-284">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHanson2020" class="citation news cs1">Hanson, Austin (February 24, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://dailyiowan.com/2020/02/24/by-the-numbers-hawkeye-wrestlings-regular-season-success/">"By the numbers: Hawkeye wrestling's regular season success"</a>. 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Retrieved April 6, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Iowan&rft.atitle=By+the+numbers%3A+Hawkeye+wrestling%27s+regular+season+success&rft.date=2020-02-24&rft.aulast=Hanson&rft.aufirst=Austin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdailyiowan.com%2F2020%2F02%2F24%2Fby-the-numbers-hawkeye-wrestlings-regular-season-success%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-DIMBB-285">^ <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-DIMBB_285-0">a</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-DIMBB_285-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://fs.ncaa.org.s3.amazonaws.com/Docs/stats/m_basketball_RB/Attend.pdf">"Division I Team-By-Team Attendance"</a> (PDF). 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Retrieved April 8, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclopedia+Britannica&rft.atitle=Big+Ten+Conference+%7C+History+%26+Members&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Ftopic%2FBig-Ten-Conference&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-288"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-288">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Big-12-Conference">"Big 12 Conference | American athletic conference"</a>. 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April 12, 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20210220154007/https://hawkeyesports.com/news/2011/04/12/iowa-corn-assumes-lead-for-cy-hawk-series/">Archived</a> from the original on February 20, 2021. 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Retrieved April 23, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=mvc-sports.com&rft.atitle=UNI+%E2%80%93+Missouri+Valley+Conference&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmvc-sports.com%2Findex.aspx%3Fpath%3Dnortherniowa&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-295"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-295">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://valley-football.org/standings.aspx?path%3Dfootball">"2019 Football Standings"</a>. valley-football.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20200611163222/https://valley-football.org/standings.aspx?path%3Dfootball">Archived</a> from the original on June 11, 2020. Retrieved April 23, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=valley-football.org&rft.atitle=2019+Football+Standings&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvalley-football.org%2Fstandings.aspx%3Fpath%3Dfootball&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-296"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-296">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mvc-sports.com/index.aspx?path%3Ddrake">"Drake – Missouri Valley Conference"</a>. mvc-sports.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20200501222059/http://mvc-sports.com/index.aspx?path%3Ddrake">Archived</a> from the original on May 1, 2020. Retrieved April 23, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=mvc-sports.com&rft.atitle=Drake+%E2%80%93+Missouri+Valley+Conference&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmvc-sports.com%2Findex.aspx%3Fpath%3Ddrake&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-297"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-297">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.pioneer-football.org/pfl/default/">"The PFL – About the PFL – Pioneer Football League Official Site"</a>. Pioneer-Football.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20200522132510/http://www.pioneer-football.org/pfl/default/">Archived</a> from the original on May 22, 2020. Retrieved April 23, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Pioneer-Football.org&rft.atitle=The+PFL+%E2%80%93+About+the+PFL+%E2%80%93+Pioneer+Football+League+Official+Site&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pioneer-football.org%2Fpfl%2Fdefault%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-298"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-298">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.milb.com/pacific-coast">"The Official Site of the Pacific Coast League"</a>. MiLB.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20200517152117/https://www.milb.com/pacific-coast">Archived</a> from the original on May 17, 2020. Retrieved April 27, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=MiLB.com&rft.atitle=The+Official+Site+of+the+Pacific+Coast+League&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.milb.com%2Fpacific-coast&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-299"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-299">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.milb.com/iowa">"Iowa Cubs"</a>. MiLB.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20200516163338/https://www.milb.com/iowa">Archived</a> from the original on May 16, 2020. Retrieved April 27, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=MiLB.com&rft.atitle=Iowa+Cubs&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.milb.com%2Fiowa&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-300"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-300">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://s3.amazonaws.com/writeTest/2019_Midwest_League_Media_Guide/page_1.html">2019 Midwest League Media Guide</a>, pp. 26–48, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20190328221321/https://s3.amazonaws.com/writeTest/2019_Midwest_League_Media_Guide/page_1.html">archived</a> from the original on March 28, 2019, retrieved April 27, 2020</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=2019+Midwest+League+Media+Guide&rft.pages=26-48&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fs3.amazonaws.com%2FwriteTest%2F2019_Midwest_League_Media_Guide%2Fpage_1.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-301"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-301">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.americanassociationbaseball.com/teams/sioux-city/">"SIOUX CITY EXPLORERS"</a>. American Association of Independent Professional Baseball. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20200426132648/https://www.americanassociationbaseball.com/teams/sioux-city/">Archived</a> from the original on April 26, 2020. Retrieved April 27, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=American+Association+of+Independent+Professional+Baseball&rft.atitle=SIOUX+CITY+EXPLORERS&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.americanassociationbaseball.com%2Fteams%2Fsioux-city%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-302"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-302">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.nhl.com/wild/news/wild-ahl-affiliate-moving-to-iowa/c-666499">"Wild AHL Affiliate Moving To Iowa"</a>. NHL.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20200611123328/https://www.nhl.com/wild/news/wild-ahl-affiliate-moving-to-iowa/c-666499">Archived</a> from the original on June 11, 2020. Retrieved April 27, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NHL.com&rft.atitle=Wild+AHL+Affiliate+Moving+To+Iowa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nhl.com%2Fwild%2Fnews%2Fwild-ahl-affiliate-moving-to-iowa%2Fc-666499&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-303"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-303">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAshmore2023" class="citation web cs1">Ashmore, Mike (March 22, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.flohockey.tv/articles/10777045-iowa-heartlanders-enduring-uphill-battle-in-echl-central-division">"Iowa Heartlanders Enduring Uphill Battle In ECHL Central Division"</a>. FloHockey. Retrieved May 4, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=FloHockey&rft.atitle=Iowa+Heartlanders+Enduring+Uphill+Battle+In+ECHL+Central+Division&rft.date=2023-03-22&rft.aulast=Ashmore&rft.aufirst=Mike&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.flohockey.tv%2Farticles%2F10777045-iowa-heartlanders-enduring-uphill-battle-in-echl-central-division&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-304"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-304">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.ushl.com/page/show/2650688-home">"Home"</a>. USHL. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20200428124951/https://www.ushl.com/page/show/2650688-home">Archived</a> from the original on April 28, 2020. Retrieved April 27, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=USHL&rft.atitle=Home&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ushl.com%2Fpage%2Fshow%2F2650688-home&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-305"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-305">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.northiowabulls.com/north-iowa-bulls-announce-move-to-nahl">"NORTH IOWA BULLS ANNOUNCE MOVE TO NAHL"</a>. North Iowa Bulls. March 5, 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20210602215557/https://www.northiowabulls.com/north-iowa-bulls-announce-move-to-nahl">Archived</a> from the original on June 2, 2021. Retrieved June 2, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=North+Iowa+Bulls&rft.atitle=NORTH+IOWA+BULLS+ANNOUNCE+MOVE+TO+NAHL&rft.date=2021-03-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.northiowabulls.com%2Fnorth-iowa-bulls-announce-move-to-nahl&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-306"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-306">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://na3hl.com/news/story.cfm?id%3D32028">"Mason City Toros begin new era in the NA3HL"</a>. NA3HL. June 1, 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20210602214757/http://na3hl.com/news/story.cfm?id%3D32028">Archived</a> from the original on June 2, 2021. Retrieved June 2, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NA3HL&rft.atitle=Mason+City+Toros+begin+new+era+in+the+NA3HL&rft.date=2021-06-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fna3hl.com%2Fnews%2Fstory.cfm%3Fid%3D32028&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-307"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-307">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.iowasisterstates.org/">"Iowa Sister States"</a>. Iowa Sister States. February 23, 2010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20180809111502/https://www.iowasisterstates.org/">Archived</a> from the original on August 9, 2018. Retrieved August 8, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Iowa+Sister+States&rft.pub=Iowa+Sister+States&rft.date=2010-02-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iowasisterstates.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-308"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iowa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-308">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/consularnotification/ConsularNotificationandAccess/kosovo.html">"Kosovo"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Kosovo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftravel.state.gov%2Fcontent%2Ftravel%2Fen%2Fconsularnotification%2FConsularNotificationandAccess%2Fkosovo.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIowa" class="Z3988"></li> </ol> </div> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(15)"> <h2 id="External_links">External links</h2> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Iowa&action=edit&section=66&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: External links" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-15 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-15"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1250146164">.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow{padding:0.75em 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow>b{display:block}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul{border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.75em 0;width:217px;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul>li{min-height:31px}.mw-parser-output .sister-logo{display:inline-block;width:31px;line-height:31px;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-link{display:inline-block;margin-left:4px;width:182px;vertical-align:middle}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style> <div role="navigation" aria-labelledby="sister-projects" class="side-box metadata side-box-right sister-box sistersitebox plainlinks"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-abovebelow">Iowa at Wikipedia's <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_sister_projects?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia sister projects">sister projects</a> </div> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"> <ul> <li> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/27px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="391" data-file-height="391"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 27px;height: 27px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/27px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="27" data-height="27" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/41px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/54px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/Iowa" class="extiw" title="wikt:Special:Search/Iowa">Definitions</a> from Wiktionary</li> <li> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="27" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 27px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="20" data-height="27" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Iowa" class="extiw" title="c:Category:Iowa">Media</a> from Commons</li> <li> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/27px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="759" data-file-height="415"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 27px;height: 15px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/27px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="27" data-height="15" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/41px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/54px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Category:Iowa" class="extiw" title="n:Category:Iowa">News</a> from Wikinews</li> <li> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/23px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="27" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 27px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/23px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="27" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/35px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/46px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Iowa" class="extiw" title="q:Iowa">Quotations</a> from Wikiquote</li> <li> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/26px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="27" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 26px;height: 27px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/26px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="26" data-height="27" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/39px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/51px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Special:Search/Iowa" class="extiw" title="s:Special:Search/Iowa">Texts</a> from Wikisource</li> <li> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/27px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 27px;height: 27px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/27px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="27" data-height="27" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/41px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/54px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Special:Search/Iowa" class="extiw" title="b:Special:Search/Iowa">Textbooks</a> from Wikibooks</li> <li> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/27px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="22" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="626" data-file-height="512"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 27px;height: 22px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/27px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="27" data-height="22" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/41px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/54px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Special:Search/Iowa" class="extiw" title="v:Special:Search/Iowa">Resources</a> from Wikiversity</li> <li> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/27px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 27px;height: 27px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/27px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="27" data-height="27" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/41px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/54px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Iowa" class="extiw" title="voy:Iowa">Travel information</a> from Wikivoyage</li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <ul> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.iowa.gov">Official website</a> <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1546%23P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"> <noscript> <img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 10px;height: 10px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" data-alt="Edit this at Wikidata" data-width="10" data-height="10" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.iowadatacenter.org/">State Data Center of Iowa</a> population, housing, business and government statistics</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.traveliowa.com/">Iowa Travel and Tourism Division</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ers.usda.gov/data-products/state-fact-sheets/state-data.aspx?StateFIPS%3D19%26StateName%3DIowa%23.U85qrPldVu0">Iowa State Facts from USDA</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://guides.loc.gov/iowa-state-guide">Iowa: State Resource Guide, from the Library of Congress</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20101117131019/http://tonto.eia.doe.gov/state/state_energy_profiles.cfm?sid%3DIA">Energy Data & Statistics for Iowa—U.S. Department of Energy</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20081009210112/http://wikis.ala.org/godort/index.php/Iowa">Iowa State Databases</a>—Annotated list of searchable databases produced by Iowa state agencies and compiled by the Government Documents Roundtable of the American Library Association.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20100527093102/http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/19000.html">U.S. Census Bureau Quick Facts</a></li> <li> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Openstreetmap_logo.svg/16px-Openstreetmap_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="256" data-file-height="256"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 16px;height: 16px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Openstreetmap_logo.svg/16px-Openstreetmap_logo.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="16" data-height="16" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Openstreetmap_logo.svg/24px-Openstreetmap_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Openstreetmap_logo.svg/32px-Openstreetmap_logo.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  Geographic data related to <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/161650">Iowa</a> at <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/OpenStreetMap?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="OpenStreetMap">OpenStreetMap</a></li> </ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by <div style="font-weight: bold"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Texas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Texas">Texas</a> </div></td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/List_of_U.S._states_by_date_of_statehood?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="List of U.S. states by date of statehood">List of U.S. states by date of statehood</a> Admitted on December 28, 1846 (29th)</td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by <div style="font-weight: bold"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wisconsin?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a> </div></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <div class="navbox-styles"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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.navbox{display:none!important}}</style> </div> <div class="navbox-styles"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename%3DIowa%26params%3D42_N_94_W_dim:300000_region:US-IA_type:adm1st%26title%3DState%2Bof%2BIowa">42°N 94°W / 42°N 94°W / 42; -94 (State of Iowa)</a> </section> </div> <noscript> <img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=mobile" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"> </noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet=""> Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DIowa%26oldid%3D1259028111">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Iowa&oldid=1259028111</a>" </div> </div> </div> <div class="post-content" id="page-secondary-actions"> </div> </main> <footer class="mw-footer minerva-footer" role="contentinfo"><a class="last-modified-bar" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Iowa&action=history&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB"> <div class="post-content last-modified-bar__content"> Last edited on 23 November 2024, at 00:05 </div></a> <div class="post-content footer-content"> <div id="mw-data-after-content"> <div class="read-more-container"></div> </div> <div id="p-lang"> <h4>Languages</h4> <section> <ul id="p-variants" class="minerva-languages"></ul> <ul class="minerva-languages"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%258A%25A0%25E1%258B%25AE%25E1%258B%258B" title="አዮዋ – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="አዮዋ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target">አማርኛ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Inari Sami" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="Inari Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target">Anarâškielâ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ænglisc</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A2%25D9%258A%25D9%2588%25D8%25A7" title="آيوا – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="آيوا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aragonés</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25DC%2590%25DC%259D%25DC%2590%25DC%2598%25DC%2590" title="ܐܝܐܘܐ – Aramaic" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܐܝܐܘܐ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="Aramaic" class="interlanguage-link-target">ܐܪܡܝܐ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Arpetan</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Avañe'ẽ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa_suyu" title="Iowa suyu – Aymara" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Iowa suyu" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="Aymara" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aymar aru</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayova" title="Ayova – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Ayova" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A2%25DB%258C%25D9%2588%25D9%2588%25D8%25A7" title="آیووا – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="آیووا" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Basa Bali</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A6%2586%25E0%25A6%2587%25E0%25A6%2593%25E0%25A6%25AF%25E0%25A6%25BC%25E0%25A6%25BE" title="আইওয়া – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="আইওয়া" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2590%25D0%25B9%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B0" title="Айова – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Айова" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target">Башҡортса</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2590%25D1%258F%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B0" title="Аява – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Аява" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2590%25D1%2591%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B0" title="Аёва – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Аёва" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%2586%25E0%25A4%25AF%25E0%25A5%258B%25E0%25A4%25B5%25E0%25A4%25BE" title="आयोवा – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="आयोवा" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target">भोजपुरी</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bikol Central</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Bislama" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="Bislama" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bislama</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2590%25D0%25B9%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B0" title="Айова – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Айова" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Boarisch</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25BD%25A1%25E0%25BD%25BC%25E0%25BC%258B%25E0%25BD%2596%25E0%25BC%258D" title="ཡོ་བ། – Tibetan" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཡོ་བ།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibetan" class="interlanguage-link-target">བོད་ཡིག</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2590%25D0%25B9%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B0" title="Айова – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Айова" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target">Буряад</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2590%25D0%25B9%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B0" title="Айова – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Айова" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target">Чӑвашла</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cebuano</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Chavacano" lang="cbk" hreflang="cbk" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Chavacano de Zamboanga" data-language-local-name="Chavacano" class="interlanguage-link-target">Chavacano de Zamboanga</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Corsican" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Corsican" class="interlanguage-link-target">Corsu</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dagbanli</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A3%25D9%258A%25D9%2588%25D9%2588%25D8%25A7" title="أيووا – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="أيووا" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">الدارجة</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Northern Sami" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Northern Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target">Davvisámegiella</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haltsotah_A%25C5%2582hidiil%25C3%25ADinii_Hahoodzo" title="Haltsotah Ałhidiilíinii Hahoodzo – Navajo" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Haltsotah Ałhidiilíinii Hahoodzo" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="Navajo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Diné bizaad</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25CE%2586%25CE%25B9%25CE%25BF%25CE%25B2%25CE%25B1" title="Άιοβα – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Άιοβα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Emiliàn e rumagnòl</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iovao" title="Iovao – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Iovao" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A2%25DB%258C%25D9%2588%25D9%2588%25D8%25A7" title="آیووا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آیووا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Fiji Hindi</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Føroyskt</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Frysk</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaelg</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Gagauz" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="Gagauz" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gagauz</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gàidhlig</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25AA%2586%25E0%25AA%25AF%25E0%25AB%258B%25E0%25AA%25B5%25E0%25AA%25BE" title="આયોવા – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="આયોવા" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target">ગુજરાતી</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25F0%2590%258C%25B0%25F0%2590%258C%25BE%25F0%2590%258D%2589%25F0%2590%258D%2585%25F0%2590%258C%25B0" title="𐌰𐌾𐍉𐍅𐌰 – Gothic" lang="got" hreflang="got" data-title="𐌰𐌾𐍉𐍅𐌰" data-language-autonym="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-local-name="Gothic" class="interlanguage-link-target">𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25EC%2595%2584%25EC%259D%25B4%25EC%2598%25A4%25EC%2599%2580%25EC%25A3%25BC" title="아이오와주 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="아이오와주" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hausa</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25CA%25BBIowa" title="ʻIowa – Hawaiian" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="ʻIowa" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="Hawaiian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hawaiʻi</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D4%25B1%25D5%25B5%25D5%25B8%25D5%25BE%25D5%25A1" title="Այովա – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Այովա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%2586%25E0%25A4%25AF%25E0%25A5%258B%25E0%25A4%25B5%25E0%25A4%25BE" title="आयोवा – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="आयोवा" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hornjoserbsce</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ido</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C3%2581yow%25E1%25BA%25A1" title="Áyowạ – Igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Áyowạ" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="Igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Igbo</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ilokano</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A6%2586%25E0%25A6%2587%25E0%25A7%25B1%25E0%25A6%25BE" title="আইৱা – Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="আইৱা" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target">বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingua</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingue</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://iu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2590%2583%25E1%2590%2585%25E1%2595%2599" title="ᐃᐅᕙ – Inuktitut" lang="iu" hreflang="iu" data-title="ᐃᐅᕙ" data-language-autonym="ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut" data-language-local-name="Inuktitut" class="interlanguage-link-target">ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ik mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ik.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aiyua" title="Aiyua – Inupiaq" lang="ik" hreflang="ik" data-title="Aiyua" data-language-autonym="Iñupiatun" data-language-local-name="Inupiaq" class="interlanguage-link-target">Iñupiatun</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2590%25D0%25B9%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B2%25C3%25A6" title="Айовæ – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Айовæ" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ирон</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/I-Ayowa" title="I-Ayowa – Xhosa" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="I-Ayowa" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="Xhosa" class="interlanguage-link-target">IsiXhosa</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D7%2590%25D7%2599%25D7%2595%25D7%2595%25D7%2594" title="איווה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="איווה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Jawa</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iyowa" title="Iyowa – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Iyowa" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kabɩyɛ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B2%2585%25E0%25B2%25AF%25E0%25B3%258B%25E0%25B2%25B5%25E0%25B2%25BE" title="ಅಯೋವಾ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಅಯೋವಾ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target">ಕನ್ನಡ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kapampangan</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2583%2590%25E1%2583%2598%25E1%2583%259D%25E1%2583%2595%25E1%2583%2590" title="აიოვა – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="აიოვა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2590%25D0%25B9%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B0" title="Айова – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Айова" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kernowek</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kiswahili</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayowa" title="Ayowa – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Ayowa" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kreyòl ayisyen</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kurdî</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2590%25D0%25B9%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B0" title="Айова – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Айова" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кыргызча</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2590%25D0%25B9%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B0" title="Айова – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Айова" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кырык мары</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ladin</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="Ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ladino</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iova" title="Iova – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Iova" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aiova" title="Aiova – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Aiova" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lëtzebuergesch</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2590%25D0%25B9%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B0" title="Айова – Lezghian" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Айова" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="Lezghian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Лезги</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajova" title="Ajova – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Ajova" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ligure</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Limburgs</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lingua Franca Nova</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lombard</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%2586%25E0%25A4%25AF%25E0%25A5%258B%25E0%25A4%25B5%25E0%25A4%25BE" title="आयोवा – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="आयोवा" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target">मैथिली</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2590%25D1%2598%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B0" title="Ајова – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Ајова" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malagasy</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B4%2590%25E0%25B4%25AF%25E0%25B4%25B5" title="ഐയവ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഐയവ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aiowa" title="Aiowa – Māori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Aiowa" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Māori" class="interlanguage-link-target">Māori</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%2586%25E0%25A4%25AF%25E0%25A5%258B%25E0%25A4%25B5%25E0%25A4%25BE" title="आयोवा – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="आयोवा" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2583%2590%25E1%2583%2598%25E1%2583%259D%25E1%2583%2595%25E1%2583%2590" title="აიოვა – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="აიოვა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target">მარგალური</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A7%25D9%258A%25D9%2588%25D8%25A7" title="ايوا – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ايوا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A2%25DB%258C%25D9%2588%25D9%2588%25D8%25A7" title="آیووا – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="آیووا" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target">مازِرونی</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25EA%25AF%2591%25EA%25AF%25A5%25EA%25AF%258F%25EA%25AF%2591%25EA%25AF%25A3%25EA%25AF%258B%25EA%25AF%25A5" title="ꯑꯥꯏꯑꯣꯋꯥ – Manipuri" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯑꯥꯏꯑꯣꯋꯥ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="Manipuri" class="interlanguage-link-target">ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2590%25D0%25B9%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B0" title="Айова – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Айова" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Монгол</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2580%25A1%25E1%2580%25AD%25E1%2580%25AF%25E1%2580%2584%25E1%2580%25BA%25E1%2580%25A1%25E1%2580%25AD%25E1%2580%25AF%25E1%2580%259D%25E1%2580%25AB%25E1%2580%2595%25E1%2580%25BC%25E1%2580%258A%25E1%2580%25BA%25E1%2580%2594%25E1%2580%259A%25E1%2580%25BA" title="အိုင်အိုဝါပြည်နယ် – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="အိုင်အိုဝါပြည်နယ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target">မြန်မာဘာသာ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa_(staat)" title="Iowa (staat) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Iowa (staat)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nedersaksies</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%2586%25E0%25A4%25AF%25E0%25A5%258B%25E0%25A4%25B5%25E0%25A4%25BE" title="आयोवा – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="आयोवा" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाली</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%2586%25E0%25A4%25AF%25E0%25A5%258B%25E0%25A4%25B5%25E0%25A4%25BE" title="आयोवा – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="आयोवा" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाल भाषा</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E3%2582%25A2%25E3%2582%25A4%25E3%2582%25AA%25E3%2583%25AF%25E5%25B7%259E" title="アイオワ州 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アイオワ州" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2590%25D0%25B9%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B0" title="Айова – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Айова" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target">Нохчийн</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nordfriisk</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Occitan</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2590%25D0%25B9%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B0" title="Айова – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Айова" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target">Олык марий</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayova" title="Ayova – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Ayova" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A8%2586%25E0%25A8%2587%25E0%25A8%2593%25E0%25A8%25B5%25E0%25A8%25BE" title="ਆਇਓਵਾ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਆਇਓਵਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%2586%25E0%25A4%25AF%25E0%25A5%258B%25E0%25A4%25B5%25E0%25A4%25BE" title="आयोवा – Pali" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="आयोवा" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="Pali" class="interlanguage-link-target">पालि</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A2%25D8%25A6%25DB%258C%25D9%2588%25D9%2588%25D8%25A7" title="آئیووا – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="آئیووا" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">پنجابی</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target">Papiamentu</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A2%25DB%258C%25D9%2588%25D9%2588%25D8%25A7" title="آیووا – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="آیووا" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target">پښتو</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target">Picard</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Piemontèis</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Plattdüütsch</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayova" title="Ayova – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Ayova" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Qırımtatarca</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Romansh" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="Romansh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Rumantsch</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa_suyu" title="Iowa suyu – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Iowa suyu" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Runa Simi</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2590%25D0%25B9%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B0" title="Айова – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Айова" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русиньскый</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2590%25D0%25B9%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B0" title="Айова – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Айова" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2590%25D0%25B9%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B0" title="Айова – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Айова" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target">Саха тыла</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%2585%25E0%25A4%25AF%25E0%25A5%258B%25E0%25A4%25B5%25E0%25A4%25BE" title="अयोवा – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="अयोवा" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target">संस्कृतम्</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sardu</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target">Scots</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Seeltersk</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajoua" title="Ajoua – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Ajoua" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sicilianu</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A2%25D8%25A6%25D9%258A%25D9%2588%25D9%2588%25D8%25A7" title="آئيووا – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="آئيووا" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target">سنڌي</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ślůnski</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A6%25D8%25A7%25DB%258C%25DB%2586%25D9%2588%25D8%25A7" title="ئایۆوا – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئایۆوا" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">کوردی</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2590%25D1%2598%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B0" title="Ајова – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Ајова" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25AE%2585%25E0%25AE%25AF%25E0%25AF%258B%25E0%25AE%25B5%25E0%25AE%25BE" title="அயோவா – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="அயோவா" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2590%25D0%25B9%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B0" title="Айова – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Айова" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Татарча / tatarça</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B0%2585%25E0%25B0%25AF%25E0%25B1%258B%25E0%25B0%25B5%25E0%25B0%25BE" title="అయోవా – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="అయోవా" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target">తెలుగు</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B8%25A3%25E0%25B8%25B1%25E0%25B8%2590%25E0%25B9%2584%25E0%25B8%25AD%25E0%25B9%2582%25E0%25B8%25AD%25E0%25B8%25A7%25E0%25B8%25B2" title="รัฐไอโอวา – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="รัฐไอโอวา" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2590%25D0%25B9%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B0" title="Айова – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Айова" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target">Тоҷикӣ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2590%25D0%25B9%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B0" title="Айова – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Айова" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A2%25D8%25A6%25DB%258C%25D9%2588%25D9%2588%25D8%25A7" title="آئیووا – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="آئیووا" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa_Shitati" title="Iowa Shitati – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="Iowa Shitati" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target">ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target">Volapük</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E6%2584%259B%25E8%258D%25B7%25E8%258F%25AF%25E5%25B7%259E" title="愛荷華州 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="愛荷華州" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">文言</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target">West-Vlams</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target">Winaray</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E7%2588%25B1%25E8%258D%25B7%25E5%258D%258E%25E5%25B7%259E" title="爱荷华州 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="爱荷华州" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D7%2590%25D7%2599%25D7%2599%25D7%2590%25D7%2595%25D7%2595%25D7%25A2" title="אייאווע – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="אייאווע" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target">ייִדיש</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target">Yorùbá</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E5%259F%2583%25E5%25A5%25A7%25E8%258F%25AF%25E5%25B7%259E" title="埃奧華州 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="埃奧華州" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">粵語</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target">Zazaki</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Zeêuws</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajova" title="Ajova – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Ajova" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Žemaitėška</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E8%2589%25BE%25E5%25A5%25A5%25E7%2593%25A6%25E5%25B7%259E" title="艾奥瓦州 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="艾奥瓦州" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Betawi</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Iowa" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kumoring</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajova" title="Ajova – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Ajova" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tolışi</a></li> </ul> </section> </div> <div class="minerva-footer-logo"> <img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" alt="Wikipedia" width="120" height="18" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> </div> <ul id="footer-info" class="footer-info hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod">This page was last edited on 23 November 2024, at 00:05 (UTC).</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Content is available under <a class="external" rel="nofollow" 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