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fake-truncate js-profile-about" style="margin: 0px;"><span class="u-fw700">Phone: </span>+44(0)121 4145563<br /><b>Address: </b>Department of Classics, Ancient History and Archaeology <br />College of Arts and Law <br />University of Birmingham <br />Birmingham <br />B15 2TT<br /><div class="js-profile-less-about u-linkUnstyled u-tcGrayDarker u-textDecorationUnderline u-displayNone">less</div></div></div><div class="suggested-academics-container"><div class="suggested-academics--header"><h3 class="ds2-5-heading-sans-serif-xs">Related Authors</h3></div><ul class="suggested-user-card-list" data-nosnippet="true"><div class="suggested-user-card"><div class="suggested-user-card__avatar social-profile-avatar-container"><a data-nosnippet="" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AshrafSeddique"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" alt="Ashraf Seddique related author profile picture" border="0" onerror="if (this.src != '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png') this.src = 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href="https://bham.academia.edu/HenryChapman">Henry Chapman</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/JohnRCollis">John R Collis</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="201246"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="201246"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 201246; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = 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})(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=201246]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":201246,"title":"Sutton Common: the excavation of an Iron Age marsh fort (2007)","translated_title":"","metadata":{"more_info":"Co-authored/co-edited by Robert Van de Noort and John Collis, Published by 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(2007)"}],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Sutton_Common_the_excavation_of_an_Iron_Age_marsh_fort_2007_","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":null,"owner":{"id":97707,"first_name":"Henry","middle_initials":"","last_name":"Chapman","page_name":"HenryChapman","domain_name":"bham","created_at":"2009-12-08T22:26:40.702-08:00","display_name":"Henry Chapman","url":"https://bham.academia.edu/HenryChapman"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-201246-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="201241"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/201241/Landscape_Archaeology_and_GIS_2006_"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Landscape Archaeology and GIS (2006)" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/110548301/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/201241/Landscape_Archaeology_and_GIS_2006_">Landscape Archaeology and GIS (2006)</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Landscape Archaeology and GIS</span><span>, 2006</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><div class="carousel-container carousel-container--sm" id="profile-work-201241-figures"><div class="prev-slide-container js-prev-button-container"><button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-201241-figures-prev"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_back_ios</span></button></div><div class="slides-container js-slides-container"><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465502/figure-1-some-of-the-sites-mentioned-in-the-text-giants"><img alt="1 Some of the sites mentioned in the text. (1) Giant’s Grave, Feltar, Shetland, (2) Loch Migdale, Highlands, (3) Applecross, Highlands, (4) Drumlanrig, Dumfries and Galloway, (5) Rudston, East Yorkshire, (6) Holderness, East Yorkshire, (7) Thorne Moors, South Yorkshire, (8) Sutton Common, South Yorkshire, (9) Hatfield Moors, South Yorkshire, (10) Carsington Pasture, Derbyshire, (11) Confluence of the rivers Trent and Soar, Nottinghamshire, (12) Glendon Hall, Northamptonshire, (13) Beaudesert Castle, Henley in Arden, Warwickshire, (14) Conderton Camp, Gloucestershire, (15) Chesham Bois, Hertfordshire, (16) Bath, (17) Esher, Surrey, (18) Meare, Somerset, (19) Dinnington, Somerset, (20) Breamore, Hampshire, (21) Cock Hill, Blackpatch, West Sussex, (22) Shorncliffe Redoubt, Folkestone, Kent, (23) Green Island, Poole Harbour, Dorset, (24) Merrivale, Dartmoor, Devon, (25) Gear Farm, Cornwall " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_001.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465506/figure-2-merrivale-stone-rows-dartmoor-landscape-archaeology"><img alt="2 Merrivale stone rows, Dartmoor. Landscape archaeology is about exploring sites and their landscape setting, but also the relationship between different landscape features " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_002.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465510/figure-3-collecting-samples-for-palaeoenvironmental-analyses"><img alt="3 Collecting samples for palaeoenvironmental analyses using coring equipment " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_003.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465514/figure-4-layers-of-data-within-gis-incorporating-both"><img alt="4 Layers of data within a GIS incorporating both rasters and vectors " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_004.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465520/figure-5-distribution-map-of-roman-period-villa-sites-along"><img alt="5 Distribution map of Roman-period villa sites along the Fosse Way, Somerset " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_005.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465526/figure-6-viewshed-functions-calculate-which-cells-within-dem"><img alt="6 Viewshed functions calculate which cells within a DEM can be seen from a given location or locations. Here, the visible areas are shown in a darker grey " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_006.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465531/figure-7-above-historical-maps-are-fundamental-to-landscape"><img alt="7 Above: Historical maps are fundamental to landscape archaeology, such as this nineteenth-century Ordnance Survey map of the Stonehenge area on Salisbury Plain, Wiltshire PROM VASES MAAR OM ARMY AMS MEE CEN EMRE) a Ae In addition to modern maps, historical maps can be extremely valuable to landscape archaeologists (7). For example, in the UK the early Ordnance Survey mapping can be extremely useful for providing a picture of a landscape around the year 1900, depending on the area being studied. However, earlier maps, such as tithe maps and estate maps, can often push back the dating to much earlier, providing snapshots into the past that would not be possible in any other way. It is the combination of mapping evidence that is arguably of most use to the landscape archaeologist. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_007.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465538/figure-8-landscape-archaeology-and-gis"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_008.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465543/figure-9-fieldwalking-data-represented-in-gis"><img alt="9 Fieldwalking data represented in a GIS " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_009.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465548/figure-10-geophysical-raster-data-gear-farm-iron-age-fort"><img alt="10 Geophysical raster data — Gear Farm Iron Age fort interior, Cornwall " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_010.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465553/figure-11-half-scale-replica-of-one-of-the-bronze-age"><img alt="11 Half-scale replica of one of the Bronze Age Ferriby Boats under sail. Navigation during prehistory is likely to have relied upon mental mapping of the relationship between waypoints " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_011.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465558/figure-12-comparison-of-spherical-and-normal-grids"><img alt="12 Comparison of spherical and normal grids demonstrating the need for projections " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_012.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465562/figure-13-using-contours-to-represent-elevation-giants-grave"><img alt="13 Using contours to represent elevation — Giant’s Grave Viking burial, Fetlar, Shetland " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_013.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465567/figure-14-landscape-archaeology-and-gis"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_014.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465572/figure-15-landscape-archaeology-and-gis"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_015.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465577/figure-16-representing-elevation-within-raster-dataset-each"><img alt="16 Representing elevation within a raster dataset. Each cell covers a standard area and represents values according to height its location, with an attribute providing a value. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_016.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465582/figure-17-draping-geophysical-results-over-topographic-dem"><img alt="17 Draping geophysical results over a topographic DEM derived from GSP survey — Roman to medieval features at Glendon Hall, Northamptonshire (270 x 180m looking north-west) Geophysical data may be incorporated within a GIS in a number of ways. The nature of geophysical data can take different forms depending on the method being used and the software processing the data (see chapter 2). Normally, however, the results from geophysical survey are either in the form of an image (greyscale or colour), or as an interpreted plot.Alternative outputs can be digitised, interpreted plots that might be imported as vector layers, or as digital data files. In the case of images, plans can be imported into the GIS and spatially referenced to become a georeferenced raster layer. Once in this format, the geophysical data can be correlated and compared with other forms of georeferenced data (17). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_017.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465588/figure-18-variety-of-different-equipment-may-be-used-for"><img alt="18 A variety of different equipment may be used for obtaining data for inputting into GIS. This figure shows Trimble’s survey grade differential GPS equipment " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_018.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465593/figure-19-raw-data-for-generating-dem-derived-from-gps"><img alt="19 Raw data for generating a DEM derived from GPS survey — Meare Village East, Somerset " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_019.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465598/figure-20-area-of-thorne-moors-south-yorkshire-showing-the"><img alt="20 Area of Thorne Moors, South Yorkshire, showing the peatland surface and the basal clay topography derived from borehole survey (150 x 190m viewed from the east) 5 Cen > ees We fe ea, oo a aaa, aaa As with other maps, geology and soils maps are often available digitally, though not universally, and often not at the range of scales available for other types of maps. Even where they are not available digitally, and copyright permitting, paper copies may be scanned and georeferenced. In this format they may either be used as a raster layer without further processing for comparative purposes, or else the different geological or soils units may be digitised to create a polygon layer. Using the latter approach, either single types of deposit, such as peat, can be digitised, or all features may be digitised to create topologically correct continuous coverages. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_020.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465603/figure-21-comparing-the-results-of-raster-interpolation-and"><img alt="22 Comparing the results of raster interpolation and TINs on the Iron Age hillfort site of Conderton Camp, Gloucestershire (280 x 160m viewed from the south-west) TRIANGULATED IRREGULAR NETWORKS " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_021.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465608/figure-22-the-results-from-different-interpolation-methods"><img alt="23 The results from different interpolation methods of an earthwork survey: (A) Triangular Irregular Network, (B) Regularised Spline, (C) Tension Spline, (D) Inverse Distance Weighting, (E) Ordinary Kriging, (F) Universal Kriging — Migdale henge, Highlands (area measures 20m across, looking north-west) " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_022.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465611/figure-23-landscape-archaeology-and-gis"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_023.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465615/figure-24-differences-between-different-interpolation"><img alt="25 Differences between different interpolation techniques. From a dataset with an elevation variation of 1.01m, the difference between Tension Spline and Ordinary Kriging is 0.07m (on the left), whereas the difference between Regular Spline and IDW is 0.29m (on the right) " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_024.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465619/figure-25-comparing-viewshed-grey-areas-and-line-of-sight-on"><img alt="26 Comparing viewshed (grey areas) and line of sight on a DEM. The lines of sight are divided into grey (invisible) and black (visible) areas " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_025.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465623/figure-26-combining-topographic-modelling-from-gps-survey"><img alt="27 Combining topographic modelling (from GPS survey) with the results from geophysical survey at Drumlanrig Roman fort in Dumfries and Galloway (250 x 220m viewed from the east. The area of the fort measures approximately 190 x 120m) " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_026.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465627/figure-27-cockhill-blackpatch-west-sussex-model-of-bronze"><img alt="28 Cockhill, Blackpatch, West Sussex. Model of a Bronze Age enclosure identifying morphologically diagnostic features " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_027.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465631/figure-28-landscape-archaeology-and-gis"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_028.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465635/figure-29-features-from-variety-of-periods-represented-in"><img alt="30 Features from a variety of periods represented in a DEM of an area of Carsington pastures, Derbyshire (90 x 65m viewed from the south-east) " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_029.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465639/figure-30-slope-model-of-beaudesert-castle-warwickshire-with"><img alt="31 Slope model of Beaudesert Castle, Warwickshire, with darker shades representing steeper slopes (450 x 130m looking east) " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_030.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465643/figure-31-sutton-common-south-yorkshire-from-the-ground-the"><img alt="32 Sutton Common, South Yorkshire, from the ground. The remains of the enclosures are extremely difficult to identify " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_031.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465647/figure-32-hillshaded-dem-of-sutton-common-south-yorkshire"><img alt="33 Hillshaded DEM of Sutton Common, South Yorkshire showing the upstanding earthworks of he smaller enclosure and the ploughed-out features of the larger enclosure. Whilst the features of he larger enclosure were not visible on the ground, they could be identified from the GIS model lerived from high-resolution GPS survey " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_032.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465649/figure-33-landscape-archaeology-and-gis"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_033.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465651/figure-34-hatfield-moors-south-yorkshire-this-wetland"><img alt="36 Hatfield Moors, South Yorkshire. This wetland landscape conceals a later Neolithic landscape buried beneath peat following extreme environmental change over the past 5000 years " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_034.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465653/figure-35-hillshaded-dem-of-sutton-common-with-reconstructed"><img alt="37 Hillshaded DEM of Sutton Common with reconstructed alder carr vegetation and standing water " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_035.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465655/figure-36-ji-ual-sl-sill-ds-the-palaeoenvironmental"><img alt="Ji UAL SL SILL DS. The palaeoenvironmental complexity of these landscapes means that the cannot be readily interpreted on the ground. Hence, GIS-based approaches 1 andscape reconstruction and visualisation become extremely relevant.The raise mires of Thorne and Hatfield Moors in South Yorkshire are the two large owland peat bogs in the UK, measuring 5.5 x 5.5km and 4.6 x 4.8km respectivel A GIS-based approach to interpreting the environmental development of the andscapes has been developed to provide a basis for interpreting and predictir irchaeological site locations within them (Chapman and Gearey 2003). Here th orocess was based upon the creation of a pre-peat land surface (38), based on variety of data sources including borehole data and geophysical survey (Grour Penetrating Radar(GPR)). The reconstruction of the pre-neat landscane presents an early drvlar " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_036.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465657/figure-37-above-the-proxy-doggerland-landscape-using-section"><img alt="39 Above: The proxy ‘Doggerland’ landscape, using a section of Holderness, East Yorkshire " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_037.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465659/figure-38-landscape-archaeology-and-gis"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_038.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465661/figure-39-landscape-archaeology-and-gis"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_039.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465664/figure-40-changes-in-the-viewshed-when-walking-along-cursus"><img alt="42 Changes in the viewshed when walking along Cursus A within the Rudston landscape " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_040.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465667/figure-41-using-cumulative-viewshed-analysis-to-identify"><img alt="43 Using cumulative viewshed analysis to identify areas that overlap within the views from contemporary monuments. It may be argued that whilst such areas may be devoid of monuments, they may have been considered as culturally significant. Cf Llobera 1996 #3 Using cumulative viewshed analysis to identify areas that overlap within the views from " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_041.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465668/figure-42-excavations-of-the-later-neolithic-corduroy"><img alt="44 Excavations of the later Neolithic corduroy trackway and platform on Hatfield Moors, South WVaelbehi-va " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_042.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465670/figure-43-the-birch-bark-material-which-appears-to-form"><img alt="45 The birch bark material which appears to form a ‘threshold’ between the trackway and platform of this later Neolithic site " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_043.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465672/figure-44-aerial-photograph-of-sutton-common-south-yorkshire"><img alt="46 Aerial photograph of Sutton Common, South Yorkshire, during excavation " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_044.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465674/figure-45-outline-plan-of-scom-enclosures-showing-route"><img alt="47 Outline plan of scom enclosures showing route through the site (after Parker Pearson and Sydes 1997) and highlighting the unusual arrangement of ditches forming part of the smaller enclosure " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_045.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465676/figure-46-landscape-archaeology-and-gis"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_046.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465678/figure-47-erosion-of-the-humber-foreshore-between-melton-and"><img alt="49 Erosion of the Humber foreshore between Melton and North Ferriby " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_047.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465680/figure-48-exploring-spatial-and-temporal-erosion-rates-of"><img alt="50 Exploring spatial and temporal erosion rates of the Humber foreshore at North Ferriby first, at North Ferriby, covered a total length of 610m of the foreshore, and at the second, near Melton, a stretch of 140m was investigated. The peat/alluvium shelf was surveyed using GPS in 1997 and 2000. Additional layers of data were provided from vertical aerial photography, with each photograph scanned and georeferenced before digitising the position of the peat shelf. For North Ferriby. an additional layer of information was provided from the site plan during the excavations published in 1989 (Wright et al. 1989), although this data proved to be inaccurate and was omitted. At Melton, however, excavation plans from the 1980s proved to be more useful. Thus at North Ferriby, data were available for 1947 (aerial photography), 1997 and 2000 (differential GPS survey), whereas at Melton data were available for 1947 (aerial photography), 1987 (archaeological survey), 1997 and 2000 (differential GPS survey). The results of the analysis enabled the quantification of the resource, and made oo ce , a , a ee, ee: ee 2 oe ry Ae by ee " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_048.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465682/figure-49-landscape-archaeology-and-gis"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_049.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465684/table-1-typical-archaeological-database-of-sites-and-finds"><img alt="21 A typical archaeological database of sites and finds " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/table_001.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465686/table-2-measuring-increased-effort-with-increased-slope-when"><img alt="35 Measuring increased effort with increased slope when moving through a landscape using the algorithm defined by Bell and Lock (2000) " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/table_002.jpg" /></a></figure></div><div class="next-slide-container js-next-button-container"><button aria-label="Next" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-201241-figures-next"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_forward_ios</span></button></div></div></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="4ce1e64a7f615789f7ed7860d62d207f" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":110548301,"asset_id":201241,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/110548301/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="201241"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="201241"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 201241; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=201241]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=201241]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 201241; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='201241']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "4ce1e64a7f615789f7ed7860d62d207f" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=201241]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":201241,"title":"Landscape Archaeology and GIS (2006)","translated_title":"","metadata":{"more_info":"Published by Tempus, Stroud","ai_abstract":"Geographical Information Systems (GIS) have significantly transformed landscape archaeology by providing innovative methodologies for data management and analysis. This book explores the integration of GIS in landscape archaeology, emphasizing its role in addressing key archaeological questions, improving visibility and analysis of archaeological remains, and enhancing cartographic and spatial data techniques. Through practical examples and discussions of potential pitfalls, it presents GIS as a critical tool for both experienced and novice archaeologists in the field.","ai_title_tag":"GIS Enhancements in Landscape Archaeology","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2006,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Landscape Archaeology and GIS"},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/201241/Landscape_Archaeology_and_GIS_2006_","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2009-12-08T23:04:33.560-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":97707,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"book","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":110548301,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/110548301/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"2006_Chapman_Book_GIS.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/110548301/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Landscape_Archaeology_and_GIS_2006.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/110548301/2006_Chapman_Book_GIS-libre.pdf?1705504255=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DLandscape_Archaeology_and_GIS_2006.pdf\u0026Expires=1743430619\u0026Signature=dq82pHlE6EFMqTtHCh3YhWoaT2twPpqc4leQqInLoDi-ca6dIKuCbroO4pQqzDn8APoy0g~-JJuLgrTbL6LvfyXsRCvWGVVUDGxdEWHniPuF~wFtEiHb7j8XksxMrxM~hAys3UshA1J9Ksf7KgWyBRYLs07iwqC~CL5C5-IkZ51h--OieFFQYK6sL2gLPyyNHgfnn2vnO8Fu9Tol~ttWI5x4nz3DvSWflRg3jGEe2e6Ve7Ny54NTrDwQZI4W5aWi~pVmIQZyjLEmbjYFHydIXU~u~HIFe9N4zLIS7VmJSis8QQ7Y1Ym6C0J05AN35CrJOrs~a-ip-1RTbduoyjZhTA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Landscape_Archaeology_and_GIS_2006_","translated_slug":"","page_count":192,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":null,"owner":{"id":97707,"first_name":"Henry","middle_initials":"","last_name":"Chapman","page_name":"HenryChapman","domain_name":"bham","created_at":"2009-12-08T22:26:40.702-08:00","display_name":"Henry Chapman","url":"https://bham.academia.edu/HenryChapman"},"attachments":[{"id":110548301,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/110548301/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"2006_Chapman_Book_GIS.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/110548301/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Landscape_Archaeology_and_GIS_2006.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/110548301/2006_Chapman_Book_GIS-libre.pdf?1705504255=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DLandscape_Archaeology_and_GIS_2006.pdf\u0026Expires=1743430619\u0026Signature=dq82pHlE6EFMqTtHCh3YhWoaT2twPpqc4leQqInLoDi-ca6dIKuCbroO4pQqzDn8APoy0g~-JJuLgrTbL6LvfyXsRCvWGVVUDGxdEWHniPuF~wFtEiHb7j8XksxMrxM~hAys3UshA1J9Ksf7KgWyBRYLs07iwqC~CL5C5-IkZ51h--OieFFQYK6sL2gLPyyNHgfnn2vnO8Fu9Tol~ttWI5x4nz3DvSWflRg3jGEe2e6Ve7Ny54NTrDwQZI4W5aWi~pVmIQZyjLEmbjYFHydIXU~u~HIFe9N4zLIS7VmJSis8QQ7Y1Ym6C0J05AN35CrJOrs~a-ip-1RTbduoyjZhTA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (true) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-201241-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="profile--tab_heading_container js-section-heading" data-section="Papers" id="Papers"><h3 class="profile--tab_heading_container">Papers by Henry Chapman</h3></div><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="91253982"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/91253982/GPS_Global_Positioning_System"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of GPS - Global Positioning System" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/94593169/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/91253982/GPS_Global_Positioning_System">GPS - Global Positioning System</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Informatik-Spektrum</span><span>, 1996</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="0169cdb179beb946d32cee402fe48af1" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":94593169,"asset_id":91253982,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/94593169/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="91253982"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="91253982"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 91253982; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=91253982]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=91253982]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 91253982; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='91253982']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-91253982-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="91253981"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/91253981/A_Late_Prehistoric_Timber_Alignment_in_the_Waveney_Valley_Suffolk_Excavations_at_Barsham_Marshes"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of A Late Prehistoric Timber Alignment in the Waveney Valley, Suffolk: Excavations at Barsham Marshes" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/94593170/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/91253981/A_Late_Prehistoric_Timber_Alignment_in_the_Waveney_Valley_Suffolk_Excavations_at_Barsham_Marshes">A Late Prehistoric Timber Alignment in the Waveney Valley, Suffolk: Excavations at Barsham Marshes</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of Wetland Archaeology</span><span>, 2011</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Book Reviews edited by Anthony Harding Altes Holz in neuem Licht: archäologische und dendrochrono...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Book Reviews edited by Anthony Harding Altes Holz in neuem Licht: archäologische und dendrochronologische Untersuchungen an spätneolithischen Feuchtbodensiedlungen in Oberschwaben by Niels Bleicher, reviewed by A. Whittle</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><div class="carousel-container carousel-container--sm" id="profile-work-91253981-figures"><div class="prev-slide-container js-prev-button-container"><button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-91253981-figures-prev"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_back_ios</span></button></div><div class="slides-container js-slides-container"><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/17508357/figure-1-late-prehistoric-timber-alignment-in-the-waveney"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/94593170/figure_001.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/17508358/figure-2-late-prehistoric-timber-alignment-in-the-waveney"><img alt="A Late PREHISTORIC TIMBER ALIGNMENT IN THE WAVENEY VALLEY, SUFFOLK " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/94593170/figure_002.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/17508359/figure-4-line-drawings-of-barsham-posts-late-prehistoric"><img alt="Figure 4. Line drawings of Barsham posts. A Late PREHISTORIC TIMBER ALIGNMENT IN THE WAVENEY VALLEY, SUFFOLK " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/94593170/figure_003.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/17508360/figure-4-late-prehistoric-timber-alignment-in-the-waveney"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/94593170/figure_004.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/17508361/figure-5-late-prehistoric-timber-alignment-in-the-waveney"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/94593170/figure_005.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/17508362/figure-6-late-prehistoric-timber-alignment-in-the-waveney"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/94593170/figure_006.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/17508363/figure-7-late-prehistoric-timber-alignment-in-the-waveney"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/94593170/figure_007.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/17508364/figure-8-plate-site-looking-north-pegs-show-location-of-the"><img alt="Plate 1. Site looking north, pegs show location of the posts. A Late PREHISTORIC TIMBER ALIGNMENT IN THE WAVENEY VALLEY, SUFFOLK " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/94593170/figure_008.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/17508365/figure-9-plate-north-section-looking-west-showing-posts-and"><img alt="Plate 2. North section looking west, showing posts 21, 22, 23 and 26. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/94593170/figure_009.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/17508366/table-1-details-of-the-oak-dendrochronological-samples-from"><img alt="Table 1. Details of the 29 oak dendrochronological samples from Barsham. A Late PREHISTORIC TIMBER ALIGNMENT IN THE WAVENEY VALLEY, SUFFOLK " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/94593170/table_001.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/17508367/table-2-late-prehistoric-timber-alignment-in-the-waveney"><img alt="Table 2. Timber conversions. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/94593170/table_002.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/17508368/table-3-late-prehistoric-timber-alignment-in-the-waveney"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/94593170/table_003.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/17508369/table-4-radiocarbon-dates-from-barsham-pollen-sequence"><img alt="Table 4. Radiocarbon dates from Barsham pollen sequence. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/94593170/table_004.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/17508370/table-5-late-prehistoric-timber-alignment-in-the-waveney"><img alt="A Late PREHISTORIC TIMBER ALIGNMENT IN THE WAVENEY VALLEY, SUFFOLK islands of the floodplain or forming more extensive woodland beyond the wetland edge. The continuous curve for anthropogenic indicator (sensu Behre 1981) Plantago lanceolata (ribwort plantain) and Lactuceae (dandelions) demonstrates that open pastoral vegetation was present and is likely to have been created/maintained by grazing. Other taxa recorded sporadically including Potentilla (tormentil) and Caryophyllaceae (the pink family) are also apparent in the macrofossil record and are likely to reflect local herb communities on damp soils (see below). a ee ae oe — sara " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/94593170/table_005.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/17508371/table-6-late-prehistoric-timber-alignment-in-the-waveney"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/94593170/table_006.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/17508373/table-7-late-prehistoric-timber-alignment-in-the-waveney"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/94593170/table_007.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/17508375/table-8-late-prehistoric-timber-alignment-in-the-waveney"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/94593170/table_008.jpg" /></a></figure></div><div class="next-slide-container js-next-button-container"><button aria-label="Next" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-91253981-figures-next"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_forward_ios</span></button></div></div></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="c872146fc8de020ab62fc497798593e8" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":94593170,"asset_id":91253981,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/94593170/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="91253981"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="91253981"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 91253981; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=91253981]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=91253981]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 91253981; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='91253981']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "c872146fc8de020ab62fc497798593e8" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=91253981]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":91253981,"title":"A Late Prehistoric Timber Alignment in the Waveney Valley, Suffolk: Excavations at Barsham Marshes","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Informa UK Limited","ai_title_tag":"Timber Alignment Excavation at Barsham Marshes, Suffolk","grobid_abstract":"Book Reviews edited by Anthony Harding Altes Holz in neuem Licht: archäologische und dendrochronologische Untersuchungen an spätneolithischen Feuchtbodensiedlungen in Oberschwaben by Niels Bleicher, reviewed by A. 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Social the...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Interpretation of archaeological landscapes has developed within two main disciplines. Social theory has provided a foundation for understanding cultural landscapes, and palaeoecology has provided techniques for understanding physical landscapes. 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Raised mires represent a unique resource for the study of past peoples within their chan...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Summary. Raised mires represent a unique resource for the study of past peoples within their changing landscape context. 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Within dryland landscapes, Geographical Information Systems (GIS) provide a range of tools that enable the predictive modelling of site locations on the basis of observed trends in the relationships between environmental conditions and human agency. However, the formation processes of raised mires mean that this is apparently not feasible due to considerable spatial and temporal complexity. 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href="https://www.academia.edu/82997792/Bog_Bodies_in_Context_Developing_a_Best_Practice_Approach"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Bog Bodies in Context: Developing a Best Practice Approach" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/88505723/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/82997792/Bog_Bodies_in_Context_Developing_a_Best_Practice_Approach">Bog Bodies in Context: Developing a Best Practice Approach</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>European Journal of Archaeology</span><span>, 2019</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Bog bodies are among the best-known archaeological finds worldwide. Much of the work on these oft...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Bog bodies are among the best-known archaeological finds worldwide. Much of the work on these often extremely well-preserved human remains has focused on forensics, whereas the environmental setting of the finds has been largely overlooked. This applies to both the ‘physical’ and ‘cultural’ landscape and constitutes a significant problem since the vast spatial and temporal scales over which the practice appeared demonstrate that contextual assessments are of the utmost importance for our explanatory frameworks. In this article we develop best practice guidelines for the contextual analysis of bog bodies, after assessing the current state of research and presenting the results of three recent case studies including the well-known finds of Lindow Man in the United Kingdom, Bjældskovdal (Tollund Man and Elling Woman) in Denmark, and Yde Girl in the Netherlands. Three spatial and chronological scales are distinguished and linked to specific research questions and methods. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-78818208-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="78818207"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/78818207/The_Marsh_of_time_the_saving_of_Sutton_Common"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The Marsh of time: the saving of Sutton Common" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title">The Marsh of time: the saving of Sutton Common</div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This project describes the results of the large-scale excavations undertaken here between 1998 an...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This project describes the results of the large-scale excavations undertaken here between 1998 and 2003, which have provided unparalleled insights into the function and meaning of this 4th-century BC &quot;marsh-fort&quot;. Sutton Common is described as a place where the social identity of the local community was reinforced through the construction of the physical representation of the idea of community, using a bank-and-ditch arrangement that resembles the defences used elsewhere, particularly at hillforts. No houses were found within the enclosure, but some 150 four-post structures were excavated, many containing deposits of charred grain in one or two of their postholes. 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Initially interpreted as dewponds, these data have been re-evaluated, along with information on similar features revealed by archaeological contractors undertaking survey and excavation to the north of the Durrington Walls henge. Analysis of the available data identified a total of 20 comparable features, which align within a series of arcs adjacent to Durrington Walls. Further geophysical survey, supported by mechanical coring, was undertaken on several geophysical anomalies to assess their nature, and to provide dating and environmental evidence. The results of fieldwork demonstrate that some of these features, at least, were massive, circular pits with a surface diameter of 20m or more and a depth of at least 5m. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-201246-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="201241"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/201241/Landscape_Archaeology_and_GIS_2006_"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Landscape Archaeology and GIS (2006)" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/110548301/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/201241/Landscape_Archaeology_and_GIS_2006_">Landscape Archaeology and GIS (2006)</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Landscape Archaeology and GIS</span><span>, 2006</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><div class="carousel-container carousel-container--sm" id="profile-work-201241-figures"><div class="prev-slide-container js-prev-button-container"><button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-201241-figures-prev"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_back_ios</span></button></div><div class="slides-container js-slides-container"><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465502/figure-1-some-of-the-sites-mentioned-in-the-text-giants"><img alt="1 Some of the sites mentioned in the text. (1) Giant’s Grave, Feltar, Shetland, (2) Loch Migdale, Highlands, (3) Applecross, Highlands, (4) Drumlanrig, Dumfries and Galloway, (5) Rudston, East Yorkshire, (6) Holderness, East Yorkshire, (7) Thorne Moors, South Yorkshire, (8) Sutton Common, South Yorkshire, (9) Hatfield Moors, South Yorkshire, (10) Carsington Pasture, Derbyshire, (11) Confluence of the rivers Trent and Soar, Nottinghamshire, (12) Glendon Hall, Northamptonshire, (13) Beaudesert Castle, Henley in Arden, Warwickshire, (14) Conderton Camp, Gloucestershire, (15) Chesham Bois, Hertfordshire, (16) Bath, (17) Esher, Surrey, (18) Meare, Somerset, (19) Dinnington, Somerset, (20) Breamore, Hampshire, (21) Cock Hill, Blackpatch, West Sussex, (22) Shorncliffe Redoubt, Folkestone, Kent, (23) Green Island, Poole Harbour, Dorset, (24) Merrivale, Dartmoor, Devon, (25) Gear Farm, Cornwall " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_001.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465506/figure-2-merrivale-stone-rows-dartmoor-landscape-archaeology"><img alt="2 Merrivale stone rows, Dartmoor. Landscape archaeology is about exploring sites and their landscape setting, but also the relationship between different landscape features " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_002.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465510/figure-3-collecting-samples-for-palaeoenvironmental-analyses"><img alt="3 Collecting samples for palaeoenvironmental analyses using coring equipment " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_003.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465514/figure-4-layers-of-data-within-gis-incorporating-both"><img alt="4 Layers of data within a GIS incorporating both rasters and vectors " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_004.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465520/figure-5-distribution-map-of-roman-period-villa-sites-along"><img alt="5 Distribution map of Roman-period villa sites along the Fosse Way, Somerset " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_005.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465526/figure-6-viewshed-functions-calculate-which-cells-within-dem"><img alt="6 Viewshed functions calculate which cells within a DEM can be seen from a given location or locations. Here, the visible areas are shown in a darker grey " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_006.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465531/figure-7-above-historical-maps-are-fundamental-to-landscape"><img alt="7 Above: Historical maps are fundamental to landscape archaeology, such as this nineteenth-century Ordnance Survey map of the Stonehenge area on Salisbury Plain, Wiltshire PROM VASES MAAR OM ARMY AMS MEE CEN EMRE) a Ae In addition to modern maps, historical maps can be extremely valuable to landscape archaeologists (7). For example, in the UK the early Ordnance Survey mapping can be extremely useful for providing a picture of a landscape around the year 1900, depending on the area being studied. However, earlier maps, such as tithe maps and estate maps, can often push back the dating to much earlier, providing snapshots into the past that would not be possible in any other way. It is the combination of mapping evidence that is arguably of most use to the landscape archaeologist. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_007.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465538/figure-8-landscape-archaeology-and-gis"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_008.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465543/figure-9-fieldwalking-data-represented-in-gis"><img alt="9 Fieldwalking data represented in a GIS " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_009.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465548/figure-10-geophysical-raster-data-gear-farm-iron-age-fort"><img alt="10 Geophysical raster data — Gear Farm Iron Age fort interior, Cornwall " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_010.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465553/figure-11-half-scale-replica-of-one-of-the-bronze-age"><img alt="11 Half-scale replica of one of the Bronze Age Ferriby Boats under sail. Navigation during prehistory is likely to have relied upon mental mapping of the relationship between waypoints " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_011.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465558/figure-12-comparison-of-spherical-and-normal-grids"><img alt="12 Comparison of spherical and normal grids demonstrating the need for projections " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_012.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465562/figure-13-using-contours-to-represent-elevation-giants-grave"><img alt="13 Using contours to represent elevation — Giant’s Grave Viking burial, Fetlar, Shetland " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_013.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465567/figure-14-landscape-archaeology-and-gis"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_014.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465572/figure-15-landscape-archaeology-and-gis"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_015.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465577/figure-16-representing-elevation-within-raster-dataset-each"><img alt="16 Representing elevation within a raster dataset. Each cell covers a standard area and represents values according to height its location, with an attribute providing a value. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_016.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465582/figure-17-draping-geophysical-results-over-topographic-dem"><img alt="17 Draping geophysical results over a topographic DEM derived from GSP survey — Roman to medieval features at Glendon Hall, Northamptonshire (270 x 180m looking north-west) Geophysical data may be incorporated within a GIS in a number of ways. The nature of geophysical data can take different forms depending on the method being used and the software processing the data (see chapter 2). Normally, however, the results from geophysical survey are either in the form of an image (greyscale or colour), or as an interpreted plot.Alternative outputs can be digitised, interpreted plots that might be imported as vector layers, or as digital data files. In the case of images, plans can be imported into the GIS and spatially referenced to become a georeferenced raster layer. Once in this format, the geophysical data can be correlated and compared with other forms of georeferenced data (17). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_017.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465588/figure-18-variety-of-different-equipment-may-be-used-for"><img alt="18 A variety of different equipment may be used for obtaining data for inputting into GIS. This figure shows Trimble’s survey grade differential GPS equipment " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_018.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465593/figure-19-raw-data-for-generating-dem-derived-from-gps"><img alt="19 Raw data for generating a DEM derived from GPS survey — Meare Village East, Somerset " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_019.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465598/figure-20-area-of-thorne-moors-south-yorkshire-showing-the"><img alt="20 Area of Thorne Moors, South Yorkshire, showing the peatland surface and the basal clay topography derived from borehole survey (150 x 190m viewed from the east) 5 Cen > ees We fe ea, oo a aaa, aaa As with other maps, geology and soils maps are often available digitally, though not universally, and often not at the range of scales available for other types of maps. Even where they are not available digitally, and copyright permitting, paper copies may be scanned and georeferenced. In this format they may either be used as a raster layer without further processing for comparative purposes, or else the different geological or soils units may be digitised to create a polygon layer. Using the latter approach, either single types of deposit, such as peat, can be digitised, or all features may be digitised to create topologically correct continuous coverages. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_020.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465603/figure-21-comparing-the-results-of-raster-interpolation-and"><img alt="22 Comparing the results of raster interpolation and TINs on the Iron Age hillfort site of Conderton Camp, Gloucestershire (280 x 160m viewed from the south-west) TRIANGULATED IRREGULAR NETWORKS " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_021.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465608/figure-22-the-results-from-different-interpolation-methods"><img alt="23 The results from different interpolation methods of an earthwork survey: (A) Triangular Irregular Network, (B) Regularised Spline, (C) Tension Spline, (D) Inverse Distance Weighting, (E) Ordinary Kriging, (F) Universal Kriging — Migdale henge, Highlands (area measures 20m across, looking north-west) " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_022.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465611/figure-23-landscape-archaeology-and-gis"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_023.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465615/figure-24-differences-between-different-interpolation"><img alt="25 Differences between different interpolation techniques. From a dataset with an elevation variation of 1.01m, the difference between Tension Spline and Ordinary Kriging is 0.07m (on the left), whereas the difference between Regular Spline and IDW is 0.29m (on the right) " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_024.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465619/figure-25-comparing-viewshed-grey-areas-and-line-of-sight-on"><img alt="26 Comparing viewshed (grey areas) and line of sight on a DEM. The lines of sight are divided into grey (invisible) and black (visible) areas " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_025.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465623/figure-26-combining-topographic-modelling-from-gps-survey"><img alt="27 Combining topographic modelling (from GPS survey) with the results from geophysical survey at Drumlanrig Roman fort in Dumfries and Galloway (250 x 220m viewed from the east. The area of the fort measures approximately 190 x 120m) " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_026.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465627/figure-27-cockhill-blackpatch-west-sussex-model-of-bronze"><img alt="28 Cockhill, Blackpatch, West Sussex. Model of a Bronze Age enclosure identifying morphologically diagnostic features " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_027.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465631/figure-28-landscape-archaeology-and-gis"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_028.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465635/figure-29-features-from-variety-of-periods-represented-in"><img alt="30 Features from a variety of periods represented in a DEM of an area of Carsington pastures, Derbyshire (90 x 65m viewed from the south-east) " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_029.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465639/figure-30-slope-model-of-beaudesert-castle-warwickshire-with"><img alt="31 Slope model of Beaudesert Castle, Warwickshire, with darker shades representing steeper slopes (450 x 130m looking east) " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_030.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465643/figure-31-sutton-common-south-yorkshire-from-the-ground-the"><img alt="32 Sutton Common, South Yorkshire, from the ground. The remains of the enclosures are extremely difficult to identify " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_031.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465647/figure-32-hillshaded-dem-of-sutton-common-south-yorkshire"><img alt="33 Hillshaded DEM of Sutton Common, South Yorkshire showing the upstanding earthworks of he smaller enclosure and the ploughed-out features of the larger enclosure. Whilst the features of he larger enclosure were not visible on the ground, they could be identified from the GIS model lerived from high-resolution GPS survey " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_032.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465649/figure-33-landscape-archaeology-and-gis"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_033.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465651/figure-34-hatfield-moors-south-yorkshire-this-wetland"><img alt="36 Hatfield Moors, South Yorkshire. This wetland landscape conceals a later Neolithic landscape buried beneath peat following extreme environmental change over the past 5000 years " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_034.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465653/figure-35-hillshaded-dem-of-sutton-common-with-reconstructed"><img alt="37 Hillshaded DEM of Sutton Common with reconstructed alder carr vegetation and standing water " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_035.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465655/figure-36-ji-ual-sl-sill-ds-the-palaeoenvironmental"><img alt="Ji UAL SL SILL DS. The palaeoenvironmental complexity of these landscapes means that the cannot be readily interpreted on the ground. Hence, GIS-based approaches 1 andscape reconstruction and visualisation become extremely relevant.The raise mires of Thorne and Hatfield Moors in South Yorkshire are the two large owland peat bogs in the UK, measuring 5.5 x 5.5km and 4.6 x 4.8km respectivel A GIS-based approach to interpreting the environmental development of the andscapes has been developed to provide a basis for interpreting and predictir irchaeological site locations within them (Chapman and Gearey 2003). Here th orocess was based upon the creation of a pre-peat land surface (38), based on variety of data sources including borehole data and geophysical survey (Grour Penetrating Radar(GPR)). The reconstruction of the pre-neat landscane presents an early drvlar " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_036.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465657/figure-37-above-the-proxy-doggerland-landscape-using-section"><img alt="39 Above: The proxy ‘Doggerland’ landscape, using a section of Holderness, East Yorkshire " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_037.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465659/figure-38-landscape-archaeology-and-gis"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_038.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465661/figure-39-landscape-archaeology-and-gis"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_039.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465664/figure-40-changes-in-the-viewshed-when-walking-along-cursus"><img alt="42 Changes in the viewshed when walking along Cursus A within the Rudston landscape " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_040.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465667/figure-41-using-cumulative-viewshed-analysis-to-identify"><img alt="43 Using cumulative viewshed analysis to identify areas that overlap within the views from contemporary monuments. It may be argued that whilst such areas may be devoid of monuments, they may have been considered as culturally significant. Cf Llobera 1996 #3 Using cumulative viewshed analysis to identify areas that overlap within the views from " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_041.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465668/figure-42-excavations-of-the-later-neolithic-corduroy"><img alt="44 Excavations of the later Neolithic corduroy trackway and platform on Hatfield Moors, South WVaelbehi-va " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_042.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465670/figure-43-the-birch-bark-material-which-appears-to-form"><img alt="45 The birch bark material which appears to form a ‘threshold’ between the trackway and platform of this later Neolithic site " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_043.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465672/figure-44-aerial-photograph-of-sutton-common-south-yorkshire"><img alt="46 Aerial photograph of Sutton Common, South Yorkshire, during excavation " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_044.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465674/figure-45-outline-plan-of-scom-enclosures-showing-route"><img alt="47 Outline plan of scom enclosures showing route through the site (after Parker Pearson and Sydes 1997) and highlighting the unusual arrangement of ditches forming part of the smaller enclosure " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_045.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465676/figure-46-landscape-archaeology-and-gis"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_046.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465678/figure-47-erosion-of-the-humber-foreshore-between-melton-and"><img alt="49 Erosion of the Humber foreshore between Melton and North Ferriby " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_047.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465680/figure-48-exploring-spatial-and-temporal-erosion-rates-of"><img alt="50 Exploring spatial and temporal erosion rates of the Humber foreshore at North Ferriby first, at North Ferriby, covered a total length of 610m of the foreshore, and at the second, near Melton, a stretch of 140m was investigated. The peat/alluvium shelf was surveyed using GPS in 1997 and 2000. Additional layers of data were provided from vertical aerial photography, with each photograph scanned and georeferenced before digitising the position of the peat shelf. For North Ferriby. an additional layer of information was provided from the site plan during the excavations published in 1989 (Wright et al. 1989), although this data proved to be inaccurate and was omitted. At Melton, however, excavation plans from the 1980s proved to be more useful. Thus at North Ferriby, data were available for 1947 (aerial photography), 1997 and 2000 (differential GPS survey), whereas at Melton data were available for 1947 (aerial photography), 1987 (archaeological survey), 1997 and 2000 (differential GPS survey). The results of the analysis enabled the quantification of the resource, and made oo ce , a , a ee, ee: ee 2 oe ry Ae by ee " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_048.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465682/figure-49-landscape-archaeology-and-gis"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/figure_049.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465684/table-1-typical-archaeological-database-of-sites-and-finds"><img alt="21 A typical archaeological database of sites and finds " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/table_001.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/1465686/table-2-measuring-increased-effort-with-increased-slope-when"><img alt="35 Measuring increased effort with increased slope when moving through a landscape using the algorithm defined by Bell and Lock (2000) " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/110548301/table_002.jpg" /></a></figure></div><div class="next-slide-container js-next-button-container"><button aria-label="Next" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-201241-figures-next"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_forward_ios</span></button></div></div></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="4ce1e64a7f615789f7ed7860d62d207f" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":110548301,"asset_id":201241,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/110548301/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="201241"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="201241"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 201241; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=201241]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=201241]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 201241; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='201241']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "4ce1e64a7f615789f7ed7860d62d207f" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=201241]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":201241,"title":"Landscape Archaeology and GIS (2006)","translated_title":"","metadata":{"more_info":"Published by Tempus, Stroud","ai_abstract":"Geographical Information Systems (GIS) have significantly transformed landscape archaeology by providing innovative methodologies for data management and analysis. 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Whittle</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><div class="carousel-container carousel-container--sm" id="profile-work-91253981-figures"><div class="prev-slide-container js-prev-button-container"><button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-91253981-figures-prev"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_back_ios</span></button></div><div class="slides-container js-slides-container"><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/17508357/figure-1-late-prehistoric-timber-alignment-in-the-waveney"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/94593170/figure_001.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/17508358/figure-2-late-prehistoric-timber-alignment-in-the-waveney"><img alt="A Late PREHISTORIC TIMBER ALIGNMENT IN THE WAVENEY VALLEY, SUFFOLK " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/94593170/figure_002.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/17508359/figure-4-line-drawings-of-barsham-posts-late-prehistoric"><img alt="Figure 4. Line drawings of Barsham posts. A Late PREHISTORIC TIMBER ALIGNMENT IN THE WAVENEY VALLEY, SUFFOLK " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/94593170/figure_003.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/17508360/figure-4-late-prehistoric-timber-alignment-in-the-waveney"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/94593170/figure_004.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/17508361/figure-5-late-prehistoric-timber-alignment-in-the-waveney"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/94593170/figure_005.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/17508362/figure-6-late-prehistoric-timber-alignment-in-the-waveney"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/94593170/figure_006.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/17508363/figure-7-late-prehistoric-timber-alignment-in-the-waveney"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/94593170/figure_007.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/17508364/figure-8-plate-site-looking-north-pegs-show-location-of-the"><img alt="Plate 1. Site looking north, pegs show location of the posts. A Late PREHISTORIC TIMBER ALIGNMENT IN THE WAVENEY VALLEY, SUFFOLK " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/94593170/figure_008.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/17508365/figure-9-plate-north-section-looking-west-showing-posts-and"><img alt="Plate 2. North section looking west, showing posts 21, 22, 23 and 26. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/94593170/figure_009.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/17508366/table-1-details-of-the-oak-dendrochronological-samples-from"><img alt="Table 1. Details of the 29 oak dendrochronological samples from Barsham. A Late PREHISTORIC TIMBER ALIGNMENT IN THE WAVENEY VALLEY, SUFFOLK " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/94593170/table_001.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/17508367/table-2-late-prehistoric-timber-alignment-in-the-waveney"><img alt="Table 2. Timber conversions. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/94593170/table_002.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/17508368/table-3-late-prehistoric-timber-alignment-in-the-waveney"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/94593170/table_003.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/17508369/table-4-radiocarbon-dates-from-barsham-pollen-sequence"><img alt="Table 4. Radiocarbon dates from Barsham pollen sequence. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/94593170/table_004.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/17508370/table-5-late-prehistoric-timber-alignment-in-the-waveney"><img alt="A Late PREHISTORIC TIMBER ALIGNMENT IN THE WAVENEY VALLEY, SUFFOLK islands of the floodplain or forming more extensive woodland beyond the wetland edge. The continuous curve for anthropogenic indicator (sensu Behre 1981) Plantago lanceolata (ribwort plantain) and Lactuceae (dandelions) demonstrates that open pastoral vegetation was present and is likely to have been created/maintained by grazing. Other taxa recorded sporadically including Potentilla (tormentil) and Caryophyllaceae (the pink family) are also apparent in the macrofossil record and are likely to reflect local herb communities on damp soils (see below). a ee ae oe — sara " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/94593170/table_005.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/17508371/table-6-late-prehistoric-timber-alignment-in-the-waveney"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/94593170/table_006.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/17508373/table-7-late-prehistoric-timber-alignment-in-the-waveney"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/94593170/table_007.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/17508375/table-8-late-prehistoric-timber-alignment-in-the-waveney"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/94593170/table_008.jpg" /></a></figure></div><div class="next-slide-container js-next-button-container"><button aria-label="Next" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-91253981-figures-next"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_forward_ios</span></button></div></div></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="c872146fc8de020ab62fc497798593e8" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":94593170,"asset_id":91253981,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/94593170/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="91253981"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="91253981"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 91253981; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=91253981]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=91253981]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 91253981; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='91253981']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "c872146fc8de020ab62fc497798593e8" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=91253981]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":91253981,"title":"A Late Prehistoric Timber Alignment in the Waveney Valley, Suffolk: Excavations at Barsham Marshes","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Informa UK Limited","ai_title_tag":"Timber Alignment Excavation at Barsham Marshes, Suffolk","grobid_abstract":"Book Reviews edited by Anthony Harding Altes Holz in neuem Licht: archäologische und dendrochronologische Untersuchungen an spätneolithischen Feuchtbodensiedlungen in Oberschwaben by Niels Bleicher, reviewed by A. 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Assessing the Evidence from Later Prehistoric Bog Bodies" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/94593119/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/91253908/Towards_an_Archaeology_of_Pain_Assessing_the_Evidence_from_Later_Prehistoric_Bog_Bodies">Towards an Archaeology of Pain? 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Social the...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Interpretation of archaeological landscapes has developed within two main disciplines. Social theory has provided a foundation for understanding cultural landscapes, and palaeoecology has provided techniques for understanding physical landscapes. 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Raised mires represent a unique resource for the study of past peoples within their chan...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Summary. Raised mires represent a unique resource for the study of past peoples within their changing landscape context. 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Within dryland landscapes, Geographical Information Systems (GIS) provide a range of tools that enable the predictive modelling of site locations on the basis of observed trends in the relationships between environmental conditions and human agency. However, the formation processes of raised mires mean that this is apparently not feasible due to considerable spatial and temporal complexity. 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href="https://www.academia.edu/82997792/Bog_Bodies_in_Context_Developing_a_Best_Practice_Approach"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Bog Bodies in Context: Developing a Best Practice Approach" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/88505723/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/82997792/Bog_Bodies_in_Context_Developing_a_Best_Practice_Approach">Bog Bodies in Context: Developing a Best Practice Approach</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>European Journal of Archaeology</span><span>, 2019</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Bog bodies are among the best-known archaeological finds worldwide. Much of the work on these oft...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Bog bodies are among the best-known archaeological finds worldwide. Much of the work on these often extremely well-preserved human remains has focused on forensics, whereas the environmental setting of the finds has been largely overlooked. This applies to both the ‘physical’ and ‘cultural’ landscape and constitutes a significant problem since the vast spatial and temporal scales over which the practice appeared demonstrate that contextual assessments are of the utmost importance for our explanatory frameworks. In this article we develop best practice guidelines for the contextual analysis of bog bodies, after assessing the current state of research and presenting the results of three recent case studies including the well-known finds of Lindow Man in the United Kingdom, Bjældskovdal (Tollund Man and Elling Woman) in Denmark, and Yde Girl in the Netherlands. Three spatial and chronological scales are distinguished and linked to specific research questions and methods. This provides ...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><div class="carousel-container carousel-container--sm" id="profile-work-82997792-figures"><div class="prev-slide-container js-prev-button-container"><button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-82997792-figures-prev"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_back_ios</span></button></div><div class="slides-container js-slides-container"><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/29853730/table-1-and-the-ways-in-which-they-relate-to-themes-of"><img alt="and the ways in which they relate to themes of interpretation. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-78818208-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="78818207"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/78818207/The_Marsh_of_time_the_saving_of_Sutton_Common"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The Marsh of time: the saving of Sutton Common" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title">The Marsh of time: the saving of Sutton Common</div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This project describes the results of the large-scale excavations undertaken here between 1998 an...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This project describes the results of the large-scale excavations undertaken here between 1998 and 2003, which have provided unparalleled insights into the function and meaning of this 4th-century BC &quot;marsh-fort&quot;. Sutton Common is described as a place where the social identity of the local community was reinforced through the construction of the physical representation of the idea of community, using a bank-and-ditch arrangement that resembles the defences used elsewhere, particularly at hillforts. No houses were found within the enclosure, but some 150 four-post structures were excavated, many containing deposits of charred grain in one or two of their postholes. 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Initially interpreted as dewponds, these data have been re-evaluated, along with information on similar features revealed by archaeological contractors undertaking survey and excavation to the north of the Durrington Walls henge. Analysis of the available data identified a total of 20 comparable features, which align within a series of arcs adjacent to Durrington Walls. Further geophysical survey, supported by mechanical coring, was undertaken on several geophysical anomalies to assess their nature, and to provide dating and environmental evidence. The results of fieldwork demonstrate that some of these features, at least, were massive, circular pits with a surface diameter of 20m or more and a depth of at least 5m. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-78818198-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="78818197"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/78818197/Rethinking_the_Cursus_Problem_Investigating_the_Neolithic_Landscape_Archaeology_of_Rudston_East_Yorkshire_UK_using_GIS"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Rethinking the ‘Cursus Problem’ – Investigating the Neolithic Landscape Archaeology of Rudston, East Yorkshire, UK, using GIS" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/85728698/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/78818197/Rethinking_the_Cursus_Problem_Investigating_the_Neolithic_Landscape_Archaeology_of_Rudston_East_Yorkshire_UK_using_GIS">Rethinking the ‘Cursus Problem’ – Investigating the Neolithic Landscape Archaeology of Rudston, East Yorkshire, UK, using GIS</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society</span><span>, 2005</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">In terms of their interpretation, cursus monuments remain arguably the most enigmatic class of Ne...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">In terms of their interpretation, cursus monuments remain arguably the most enigmatic class of Neolithic landscape monument. This paper reconsiders this ‘cursus problem’ through the study of the complex of cursuses that surrounds the village of Rudston, East Yorkshire. Using a GIS-based analysis, it is argued that two distinct forms of architecture can be recognised. In the earlier phase it is possible to recognise the importance of somatic experience generated through movement along the interior of the monuments, incorporating elements of visual surprise in addition to constant visual relationships with earlier monuments. By the later phase, somatic experience becomes less important, with the cursus forming a more naturalised role in harmony with the natural landscape and less structured for movement. The results of this analysis have wider implications for the study of both cursus landscapes elsewhere and prehistoric landscape archaeology more generally.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><div class="carousel-container carousel-container--sm" id="profile-work-78818197-figures"><div class="prev-slide-container js-prev-button-container"><button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-78818197-figures-prev"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_back_ios</span></button></div><div class="slides-container js-slides-container"><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/39922118/figure-1-or-location-map-showing-the-km-study-area-and-the"><img alt="“or "-* Location map showing the 10 x 10 km study area, and the positions of the cursuses, Maiden’s Grave henge, Willie Howe and Southside Mount great barrows and the Kilham, Rudston, and Denby long barrows (after Stoertz 1997), centred on the Rudston monolith. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/85728698/figure_001.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/39922121/figure-2-walking-cursus-viewer-position-marked-by-circle"><img alt="Walking Cursus A — viewer position marked by a circle with a central dot; grey areas show the extent of the view at each location. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/85728698/figure_002.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/39922127/figure-3-walking-cursus-viewer-position-marked-by-circle"><img alt="Walking Cursus B — viewer position marked by a circle with a central dot; grey areas show the extent of the view at each location. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/85728698/figure_003.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/39922136/figure-4-walking-cursus-viewer-position-marked-by-circle"><img alt="Walking Cursus C — viewer position marked by a circle with a central dot; grey areas show the extent of the view at each location. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/85728698/figure_004.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/39922142/figure-5-mae-ge-walking-cursus-viewer-position-marked-by"><img alt="Mae ge Walking Cursus D — viewer position marked by a circle with a central dot; grey areas show the extent of the view at each location. 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Oxford: Archaeopress; 978-1-78491-313-7 paperback £40" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title">Gavin Glover, Paul Flintoft & Richard Moore (ed.). ‘A mersshy contree called Holdernesse’: excavations on the route of a national grid pipeline in Holderness, East Yorkshire. 2016. xii+286 pages, numerous colour and b&w illustrations. Oxford: Archaeopress; 978-1-78491-313-7 paperback £40</div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Antiquity</span><span>, 2017</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Teasing out the separate strands of influence that created the Saharan qusūr is hardly an easy ta...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Teasing out the separate strands of influence that created the Saharan qusūr is hardly an easy task, and with the exception of the eleventh-century foundations in the Mzab, firm chronological data are absent. Chekhab-Abudaya rightly sees the expanding concentric circles with radial streets that characterise the plans of many of the qusūr as the result of a series of new arrivals, settling outside the walls and then building new ones. She contrasts these concentric plans with those that contain rough grids, which she judges to be later. But none of these is easily dated. No excavations have ever taken place (except in the deserted Ibadi town of Sedrata) and, to my knowledge, no radiocarbon dating has been carried out on a qsar outside Libya (although radiocarbon dates for the qusūr of the Wadi Draa in Morocco are underway; Corisande Fenwick pers. comm.). Chekhab-Abudaya’s investigation thus serves the very useful purpose of pulling together all the available information, creating numerous and beautifully clear comparative plans, and asking a series of questions that certainly remain to be answered. New data could, and should, come from future archaeological work on these sites and, indeed, on the whole of the northern Sahara.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="78818196"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="78818196"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 78818196; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=78818196]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=78818196]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 78818196; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='78818196']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=78818196]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":78818196,"title":"Gavin Glover, Paul Flintoft \u0026 Richard Moore (ed.). ‘A mersshy contree called Holdernesse’: excavations on the route of a national grid pipeline in Holderness, East Yorkshire. 2016. xii+286 pages, numerous colour and b\u0026w illustrations. Oxford: Archaeopress; 978-1-78491-313-7 paperback £40","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Teasing out the separate strands of influence that created the Saharan qusūr is hardly an easy task, and with the exception of the eleventh-century foundations in the Mzab, firm chronological data are absent. Chekhab-Abudaya rightly sees the expanding concentric circles with radial streets that characterise the plans of many of the qusūr as the result of a series of new arrivals, settling outside the walls and then building new ones. She contrasts these concentric plans with those that contain rough grids, which she judges to be later. But none of these is easily dated. No excavations have ever taken place (except in the deserted Ibadi town of Sedrata) and, to my knowledge, no radiocarbon dating has been carried out on a qsar outside Libya (although radiocarbon dates for the qusūr of the Wadi Draa in Morocco are underway; Corisande Fenwick pers. comm.). 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She contrasts these concentric plans with those that contain rough grids, which she judges to be later. But none of these is easily dated. No excavations have ever taken place (except in the deserted Ibadi town of Sedrata) and, to my knowledge, no radiocarbon dating has been carried out on a qsar outside Libya (although radiocarbon dates for the qusūr of the Wadi Draa in Morocco are underway; Corisande Fenwick pers. comm.). Chekhab-Abudaya’s investigation thus serves the very useful purpose of pulling together all the available information, creating numerous and beautifully clear comparative plans, and asking a series of questions that certainly remain to be answered. 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Chekhab-Abudaya rightly sees the expanding concentric circles with radial streets that characterise the plans of many of the qusūr as the result of a series of new arrivals, settling outside the walls and then building new ones. She contrasts these concentric plans with those that contain rough grids, which she judges to be later. But none of these is easily dated. No excavations have ever taken place (except in the deserted Ibadi town of Sedrata) and, to my knowledge, no radiocarbon dating has been carried out on a qsar outside Libya (although radiocarbon dates for the qusūr of the Wadi Draa in Morocco are underway; Corisande Fenwick pers. comm.). Chekhab-Abudaya’s investigation thus serves the very useful purpose of pulling together all the available information, creating numerous and beautifully clear comparative plans, and asking a series of questions that certainly remain to be answered. 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Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Archaeological Prospection</span><span>, 2013</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Stonehenge occupies one of the richest archaeological landscapes in the world, recorded in the co...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Stonehenge occupies one of the richest archaeological landscapes in the world, recorded in the course of intensive archaeological and antiquarian research over several hundred years, yet much of this landscape effectively remains terra incognita. The Stonehenge Hidden Landscapes Project aims to address current limitations and gaps in our knowledge and understanding of the Stonehenge landscape by conducting a cutting-edge geophysical and remote sensing survey at an unprecedented scale -to encompass a large portion of the World Heritage Site -with a projected total survey area of about 10 square kilometres. This is possible only because of the unique expertise and combined resources of the project partners, the Visual and Spatial Technology Centre (VISTA) at the Institute of Archaeology and Antiquity, University of Birmingham, and the Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Archaeological Prospection & Virtual Archaeology (LBI ArchPro) in Vienna.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><div class="carousel-container carousel-container--sm" id="profile-work-40183581-figures"><div class="prev-slide-container js-prev-button-container"><button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-40183581-figures-prev"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_back_ios</span></button></div><div class="slides-container js-slides-container"><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/23999422/figure-1-stonehenge-within-the-uk"><img alt="Figure 1: Stonehenge within the UK. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/60406804/figure_001.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/23999428/figure-2-stonehenge-hidden-landscapes-project-geophysical"><img alt="Figure 2: Stonehenge plan. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/60406804/figure_002.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/23999433/figure-3-stonehenge-and-major-monument-groups"><img alt="Figure 3: Stonehenge and major monument groups. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/60406804/figure_003.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/23999439/figure-4-previous-research-areas-stonehenge-and-its-environs"><img alt="Figure 4: Previous research areas: 1) Stonehenge and its Environs (RCHM(E), 1979). 2) The Stonehenge Environs Project (Richards, 1990). 3) Stonehenge in its Landscape (Cleal et al., 1995). 4) Birmingham Stonehenge Landscapes inner study area (Exon et al., 2001). 5) Birmingham Stonehenge Landscapes enlarged study area (Exon et al., 2001). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/60406804/figure_004.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/23999444/figure-5-original-survey-area"><img alt="Figure 5: Original survey area. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/60406804/figure_005.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/23999449/figure-6-surveyed-area-in-october"><img alt="Figure 6: Surveyed area in October 2012. 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