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Aleksey Lobanov-Rostovsky - Wikipedia

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Available in 19 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-19" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">19 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%87_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%9E-%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%9E%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96" title="Аляксей Барысавіч Лабанаў-Растоўскі – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Аляксей Барысавіч Лабанаў-Растоўскі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%9E-%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%9E%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96" title="Аляксей Лабанаў-Растоўскі – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Аляксей Лабанаў-Растоўскі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D0%9B%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2-%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Алексей Лобанов-Ростовски – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Алексей Лобанов-Ростовски" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexei_Borissowitsch_Lobanow-Rostowski" title="Alexei Borissowitsch Lobanow-Rostowski – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Alexei Borissowitsch Lobanow-Rostowski" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aleksei_Lobanov-Rostovski_(1824%E2%88%921896)" title="Aleksei Lobanov-Rostovski (1824−1896) – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Aleksei Lobanov-Rostovski (1824−1896)" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexis_Lobanov-Rostovski" title="Alexis Lobanov-Rostovski – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Alexis Lobanov-Rostovski" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aleksei_Lobanov-Rostovskii" title="Aleksei Lobanov-Rostovskii – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Aleksei Lobanov-Rostovskii" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%AC%D5%A5%D6%84%D5%BD%D5%A5%D5%B5_%D4%BC%D5%B8%D5%A2%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%B8%D5%BE-%D5%8C%D5%B8%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%B8%D5%BE%D5%BD%D5%AF%D5%AB" title="Ալեքսեյ Լոբանով-Ռոստովսկի – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ալեքսեյ Լոբանով-Ռոստովսկի" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%83%D8%B3%D9%89_%D9%84%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D9%81_%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%81%D8%B3%D9%83%D9%89" title="اليكسى لوبانوف روستوفسكى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="اليكسى لوبانوف روستوفسكى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%AC%E3%82%AF%E3%82%BB%E3%82%A4%E3%83%BB%E3%83%AD%E3%83%90%E3%83%8E%E3%83%95%EF%BC%9D%E3%83%AD%E3%82%B9%E3%83%88%E3%83%95%E3%82%B9%E3%82%AD%E3%83%BC" title="アレクセイ・ロバノフ=ロストフスキー – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アレクセイ・ロバノフ=ロストフスキー" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aleksej_Lobanov-Rostovskij" title="Aleksej Lobanov-Rostovskij – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Aleksej Lobanov-Rostovskij" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aleksiej_%C5%81obanow-Rostowski" title="Aleksiej Łobanow-Rostowski – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Aleksiej Łobanow-Rostowski" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2-%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9,_%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87" title="Лобанов-Ростовский, Алексей Борисович – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Лобанов-Ростовский, Алексей Борисович" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%98_%D0%9B%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Алексеј Лобанов Ростовски – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Алексеј Лобанов Ростовски" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aleksei_Lobanov-Rostovski" title="Aleksei Lobanov-Rostovski – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Aleksei Lobanov-Rostovski" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aleksej_Lobanov-Rostovskij" title="Aleksej Lobanov-Rostovskij – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Aleksej Lobanov-Rostovskij" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aleksey_Lobanov-Rostovski" title="Aleksey Lobanov-Rostovski – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Aleksey Lobanov-Rostovski" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2-%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%9E%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D1%96%D0%B9_%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87" title="Лобанов-Ростовський Олексій Борисович – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Лобанов-Ростовський Олексій Борисович" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E6%8B%94%E8%AB%BE%E7%94%AB" title="羅拔諾甫 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="羅拔諾甫" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q514068#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Aleksey_Lobanov-Rostovsky" title="View 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.hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For Dimitri Lobanov-Rostovsky, see <a href="/wiki/Dmitry_Ivanovich_Lobanov-Rostovsky" class="mw-redirect" title="Dmitry Ivanovich Lobanov-Rostovsky">Dmitry Ivanovich Lobanov-Rostovsky</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">In this name that follows <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Slavic_naming_customs" title="Eastern Slavic naming customs">Eastern Slavic naming customs</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Patronymic" title="Patronymic">patronymic</a> is <i> Borisovich</i>&#32;and the <a href="/wiki/Surname" title="Surname">family name</a> is <i> Lobanov-Rostovsky</i>.</div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Frame"><a href="/wiki/File:Lobanov.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5f/Lobanov.gif" decoding="async" width="181" height="205" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="181" data-file-height="205" /></a><figcaption>Aleksey Lobanov-Rostovsky</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Prince Aleksey Borisovich Lobanov-Rostovsky</b> (<a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a>: <span lang="ru">Князь Алексе́й Бори́сович Лоба́нов-Росто́вский</span>) (30 December&#160;&#91;<a href="/wiki/Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates" title="Old Style and New Style dates">O.S.</a> 18 December&#93;&#160;1824 in <a href="/wiki/Voronezh_Governorate" title="Voronezh Governorate">Voronezh Governorate</a> – 30 August&#160;&#91;<a href="/wiki/Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates" title="Old Style and New Style dates">O.S.</a> 18 August&#93;&#160;1896) was a Russian <a href="/wiki/Politician" title="Politician">statesman</a>, probably best remembered for having concluded the <a href="/wiki/Li-Lobanov_Treaty" class="mw-redirect" title="Li-Lobanov Treaty">Li-Lobanov Treaty</a> with China, the <a href="/wiki/Peace_of_Constantinople_(1879)" title="Peace of Constantinople (1879)">Peace of Constantinople</a> with the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a>, and for his publication of the <i>Russian Genealogical Book</i> (in two volumes). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Life">Life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aleksey_Lobanov-Rostovsky&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section: Life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Knyaz" title="Knyaz">Prince</a> Lobanov-Rostovsky was educated at <a href="/wiki/Tsarskoye_Selo_Lyceum" title="Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum">Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum</a>. At the age of twenty, he entered the <a href="/wiki/Diplomatic_service" title="Diplomatic service">diplomatic service</a> and became <a href="/wiki/Diplomatic_minister" class="mw-redirect" title="Diplomatic minister">minister</a> at <a href="/wiki/Constantinople" title="Constantinople">Constantinople</a> in 1859. In 1863, a regrettable incident in his private life made him retire temporarily from the <a href="/wiki/Civil_service" title="Civil service">public service</a>, but four years later he re-entered it and served for ten years as an assistant to the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Internal_Affairs_of_the_Russian_Empire" title="Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Empire">minister of the interior</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-EB1911_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB1911-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>At the close of the <a href="/wiki/Russo-Turkish_War,_1877-1878" class="mw-redirect" title="Russo-Turkish War, 1877-1878">Russo-Turkish war</a> in 1878, he was selected by <a href="/wiki/Alexander_II_of_Russia" title="Alexander II of Russia">Alexander II</a> as <a href="/wiki/Ambassador" title="Ambassador">ambassador</a> to Constantinople, and for more than a year he carried out with great ability the policy of his government, which aimed at re-establishing tranquility in the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Question" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Question">Eastern Question</a> after the disturbances produced by the reckless action of his predecessor, <a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Pavlovich_Ignatiev" class="mw-redirect" title="Nicholas Pavlovich Ignatiev">Count Ignatiev</a>. In 1879 he was transferred to London, and in 1882 to <a href="/wiki/Vienna" title="Vienna">Vienna</a>. In March 1895, under <a href="/wiki/Nicholas_II_of_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Nicholas II of Russia">Nicholas II</a>, he was appointed <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_of_the_Russian_Empire" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Empire">minister of foreign affairs</a> in succession to <a href="/wiki/Nicholas_de_Giers" class="mw-redirect" title="Nicholas de Giers">Nicholas de Giers</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-EB1911_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB1911-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>In this position he displayed much of the caution of his predecessor, but adopted a more energetic policy in European affairs generally and especially in the <a href="/wiki/Balkan_Peninsula" class="mw-redirect" title="Balkan Peninsula">Balkan Peninsula</a>. At the time of his appointment the attitude of the Russian government towards the <a href="/wiki/Slavic_peoples" class="mw-redirect" title="Slavic peoples">Slav nationalities</a> had been for several years one of extreme reserve, and he had seemed as ambassador to sympathize with this attitude. But as soon as he became minister of foreign affairs, Russian influence in the Balkan Peninsula suddenly revived. <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Serbia" title="Kingdom of Serbia">Serbia</a> received financial assistance; a large consignment of arms was sent openly from <a href="/wiki/Saint_Petersburg" title="Saint Petersburg">Saint Petersburg</a> to the prince of <a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Montenegro" title="Principality of Montenegro">Montenegro</a>; Prince <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_of_Bulgaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Ferdinand of Bulgaria">Ferdinand</a> of <a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Bulgaria" title="Principality of Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a> became ostensibly reconciled with the Russian emperor, and his son <a href="/wiki/Boris_III_of_Bulgaria" title="Boris III of Bulgaria">Boris</a> was received into the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_Church" title="Eastern Orthodox Church">Eastern Orthodox Church</a>; the Russian embassy at Constantinople tried to bring about a reconciliation between the <a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Exarchate" title="Bulgarian Exarchate">Bulgarian exarch</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Ecumenical_Patriarch_of_Constantinople" title="Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople">Ecumenical Patriarch</a>; Bulgarians and <a href="/wiki/Serbs" title="Serbs">Serbians</a> professed, at the bidding of Russia, to lay aside their mutual hostility.<sup id="cite_ref-EB1911_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB1911-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>All this seemed to foreshadow the creation of a <a href="/wiki/Balkan" class="mw-redirect" title="Balkan">Balkan</a> <a href="/wiki/Confederation" title="Confederation">confederation</a> hostile to the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a>, and Sultan <a href="/wiki/Abdul_Hamid_II" title="Abdul Hamid II">Abdul Hamid II</a> had reason to feel alarmed. In reality Prince Lobanov was merely trying to establish a strong Russian <a href="/wiki/Hegemony" title="Hegemony">hegemony</a> among these nationalities, and he had not the slightest intention of provoking a new crisis in the Eastern Question so long as the general European situation did not afford Russia a convenient opportunity for solving it in her own interest without serious intervention from other powers. Meanwhile, he considered that the integrity and independence of the Ottoman Empire must be maintained so far as these other powers were concerned. At the same time efforts were made to weaken the <a href="/wiki/Triple_Alliance_(1882)" title="Triple Alliance (1882)">Triple Alliance</a>, the principal instrument employed being the entente with France, which Prince Lobanov helped convert into a formal <a href="/wiki/Military_alliance" title="Military alliance">alliance</a> between the two great powers.<sup id="cite_ref-EB1911_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB1911-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/East_Asia" title="East Asia">East Asia</a> he was not less active and became the protector of <a href="/wiki/Qing_Dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Qing Dynasty">China</a> in the same sense as he had shown himself the protector of Turkey. By the <a href="/wiki/Yamagata-Lobanov_Agreement" class="mw-redirect" title="Yamagata-Lobanov Agreement">Yamagata-Lobanov Agreement</a>, Japan was compelled to give up her conquests in <a href="/wiki/Northeast_China" title="Northeast China">Northeast China</a>, so as not to interfere with the future actions of St.&#160;Petersburg in <a href="/wiki/Manchuria" title="Manchuria">Manchuria</a> and financial and political schemes for increasing czarist influence in that part of the world were vigorously supported. All this activity, though combined with a haughty tone towards foreign governments and <a href="/wiki/Diplomat" title="Diplomat">diplomats</a>, did not produce much general apprehension, probably because there was a widespread conviction that he desired to maintain peace, and that his great ability and strength of character would enable him to control the dangerous forces which he boldly set in motion. However this may be, before he had time to mature his schemes, and when he had been the director of Russian policy for only eighteen months, he died suddenly of <a href="/wiki/Heart_disease" class="mw-redirect" title="Heart disease">heart disease</a> when travelling with the emperor on August 30, 1896.<sup id="cite_ref-EB1911_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB1911-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Personally, Prince Lobanov-Rostovskiy was a grand aristocrat of the Russian type, proud of being descended from the independent princes of <a href="/wiki/Rostov,_Yaroslavl_Oblast" title="Rostov, Yaroslavl Oblast">Rostov</a>, and at the same time an amiable man of wide culture, deeply versed in <a href="/wiki/Russian_history" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian history">Russian history</a> and <a href="/wiki/Genealogy" title="Genealogy">genealogy</a>, and perhaps the first authority of his time in all that related to the reign of Tsar <a href="/wiki/Paul_I_of_Russia" title="Paul I of Russia">Paul I</a> (1754–1801).<sup id="cite_ref-EB1911_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB1911-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> His extensive collection of coins, particularly those minted by the Russians during their occupation of <a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6nigsberg" title="Königsberg">Königsberg</a> in 1758–1761, was acquired by the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Museum" title="Russian Museum">Russian Museum</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#91;<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2017)">citation needed</span></a></i>&#93;</sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Aleksey_Borisovich_Lobanov-Rostovsky" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Aleksey Borisovich Lobanov-Rostovsky">Aleksey Borisovich Lobanov-Rostovsky</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aleksey_Lobanov-Rostovsky&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-EB1911-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-EB1911_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EB1911_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EB1911_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EB1911_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EB1911_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EB1911_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="noprint"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/18px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/24px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span>&#160;</span>One or more of the preceding sentences&#160;incorporates text from a publication now in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>:&#160;<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFWallace1911" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Donald_Mackenzie_Wallace" title="Donald Mackenzie Wallace">Wallace, Donald Mackenzie</a> (1911). "<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Lobanov-Rostovski,_Alexis_Borisovich" class="extiw" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Lobanov-Rostovski, Alexis Borisovich">Lobanov-Rostovski, Alexis Borisovich</a>". In <a href="/wiki/Hugh_Chisholm" title="Hugh Chisholm">Chisholm, Hugh</a> (ed.). <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol.&#160;16 (11th&#160;ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp.&#160;835–836.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.atitle=Lobanov-Rostovski%2C+Alexis+Borisovich&amp;rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&amp;rft.pages=835-836&amp;rft.edition=11th&amp;rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&amp;rft.date=1911&amp;rft.aulast=Wallace&amp;rft.aufirst=Donald+Mackenzie&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAleksey+Lobanov-Rostovsky" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ccccff;">Political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded&#160;by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_de_Giers" class="mw-redirect" title="Nicholas de Giers">Nicholas de Giers</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Foreign_Minister_of_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Foreign Minister of Russia">Foreign Minister of Russia</a> </b><br />1895–1896 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded&#160;by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Nikolayevich_Muravyov" title="Mikhail Nikolayevich Muravyov">Mikhail Muraviev</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output 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0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ivan_Mikhailovich_Viskovatyi" title="Ivan Mikhailovich Viskovatyi">Ivan Viskovatyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasily_and_Andrey_Shchelkalov" title="Vasily and Andrey Shchelkalov">Vasily and Andrey Shchelkalov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivan_Gramotin" title="Ivan Gramotin">Ivan Gramotin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pyotr_Tretyakov&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Pyotr Tretyakov (page does not exist)">Pyotr Tretyakov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Almaz_Ivanov" title="Almaz Ivanov">Almaz Ivanov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afanasy_Ordin-Nashchokin" title="Afanasy Ordin-Nashchokin">Afanasy Ordin-Nashchokin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artamon_Matveyev" title="Artamon Matveyev">Artamon Matveyev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larion_Ivanov" title="Larion Ivanov">Larion Ivanov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasily_Golitsyn_(born_1643)" title="Vasily Golitsyn (born 1643)">Vasily Golitsyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemelyan_Ukraintsev" 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href="/wiki/Mikhail_Illarionovich_Vorontsov" title="Mikhail Illarionovich Vorontsov">Mikhailo Vorontsov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikita_Panin" title="Nikita Panin">Nikita Ivanovich Panin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivan_Osterman" title="Ivan Osterman">Ivan Osterman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Bezborodko" title="Alexander Bezborodko">Alexander Bezborodko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fyodor_Rostopchin" title="Fyodor Rostopchin">Fyodor Rostopchin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikita_Petrovich_Panin" title="Nikita Petrovich Panin">Nikita Petrovich Panin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viktor_Kochubey" title="Viktor Kochubey">Viktor Kochubey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Vorontsov" title="Alexander Vorontsov">Alexander Vorontsov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adam_Jerzy_Czartoryski" title="Adam Jerzy Czartoryski">Adam Jerzy Czartoryski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andreas_Eberhard_von_Budberg" title="Andreas Eberhard von Budberg">Andreas Eberhard von Budberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolay_Rumyantsev" title="Nikolay Rumyantsev">Nikolay Rumyantsev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ioannis_Kapodistrias" title="Ioannis Kapodistrias">Ioannis Kapodistrias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Nesselrode" title="Karl Nesselrode">Karl Robert Nesselrode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Gorchakov" title="Alexander Gorchakov">Alexander Gorchakov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolay_Girs" title="Nikolay Girs">Nikolay Girs</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Aleksey Lobanov-Rostovsky</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nikolay_Shishkin&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Nikolay Shishkin (page does not exist)">Nikolay Shishkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Nikolayevich_Muravyov" title="Mikhail Nikolayevich Muravyov">Mikhail Muravyov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Lamsdorf" title="Vladimir Lamsdorf">Vladimir Lamsdorf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Izvolsky" title="Alexander Izvolsky">Alexander Izvolsky</a></li> <li><a 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