CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>List of Roman dynasties - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"201296ec-a33f-4b3b-bcd6-30571e5bf36e","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"List_of_Roman_dynasties","wgTitle":"List of Roman dynasties","wgCurRevisionId":1245257893,"wgRevisionId":1245257893,"wgArticleId":62383647,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Pages using the EasyTimeline extension","CS1 errors: periodical ignored","Articles with short description","Short description is different from Wikidata","Roman imperial dynasties","Lists of dynasties"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"List_of_Roman_dynasties","wgRelevantArticleId":62383647,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[], "wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":20000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q85778405","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false, "wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","ext.timeline.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","site","mediawiki.page.ready","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader", "ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.timeline.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="List of Roman dynasties - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Roman_dynasties"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Roman_dynasties&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Roman_dynasties"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-List_of_Roman_dynasties rootpage-List_of_Roman_dynasties skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=List+of+Roman+dynasties" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=List+of+Roman+dynasties" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=List+of+Roman+dynasties" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=List+of+Roman+dynasties" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-List_of_Roman_dynasties" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#List_of_Roman_dynasties"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>List of Roman dynasties</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-List_of_Roman_dynasties-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Graphical_representation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Graphical_representation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Graphical representation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Graphical_representation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">List of Roman dynasties</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 4 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-4" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">4 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%AA_%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%E2%80%8C%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85" title="فهرست دودمان‌های روم – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="فهرست دودمان‌های روم" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma_hanedanlar%C4%B1_listesi" title="Roma hanedanları listesi – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Roma hanedanları listesi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85%DB%8C_%D8%B4%D8%A7%DB%81%DB%8C_%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%84_%DA%A9%DB%8C_%D9%81%DB%81%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%AA" title="رومی شاہی سلاسل کی فہرست – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="رومی شاہی سلاسل کی فہرست" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B%E6%9C%9D%E4%BB%A3" title="羅馬帝國朝代 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="羅馬帝國朝代" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q85778405#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Roman_dynasties" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:List_of_Roman_dynasties" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Roman_dynasties"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Roman_dynasties&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Roman_dynasties&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Roman_dynasties"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Roman_dynasties&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Roman_dynasties&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/List_of_Roman_dynasties" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/List_of_Roman_dynasties" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Roman_dynasties&oldid=1245257893" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Roman_dynasties&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=List_of_Roman_dynasties&id=1245257893&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FList_of_Roman_dynasties"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FList_of_Roman_dynasties"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=List_of_Roman_dynasties&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Roman_dynasties&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q85778405" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p><p>This is a list of the <a href="/wiki/Dynasty" title="Dynasty">dynasties</a> that ruled the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Empire" title="Roman Empire">Roman Empire</a> and its two succeeding counterparts, the <a href="/wiki/Western_Roman_Empire" title="Western Roman Empire">Western Roman Empire</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire" title="Byzantine Empire">Eastern Roman Empire</a>. Dynasties of states that had <a href="/wiki/Succession_of_the_Roman_Empire" title="Succession of the Roman Empire">claimed legal succession</a> from the Roman Empire are not included in this list. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="List_of_Roman_dynasties">List of Roman dynasties</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Roman_dynasties&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: List of Roman dynasties"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="width:1100"> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2">Dynasty </th> <th colspan="3">Period of rule </th> <th colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Roman_emperor" title="Roman emperor">Rulers</a><sup id="cite_ref-Adoption_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Adoption-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <th>Start </th> <th>End </th> <th>Term </th> <th>First to rule </th> <th>Last to rule </th> <th><a href="/wiki/List_of_Roman_emperors" title="List of Roman emperors">List</a> / Family tree </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="7">Dynasties of the <a href="/wiki/Principate" title="Principate">Principate</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Julio-Claudian_dynasty" title="Julio-Claudian dynasty">Julio–Claudian dynasty</a> </td> <td>27 BCE<sup id="cite_ref-Date1_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Date1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>68 CE<sup id="cite_ref-Date1_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Date1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>95 years </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Augustus" title="Augustus">Augustus</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nero" title="Nero">Nero</a> </td> <td>(<a href="/wiki/List_of_Roman_emperors#27_BC–68_AD:_Julio-Claudian_dynasty" title="List of Roman emperors">list</a>)<hr />(<a href="/wiki/Julio-Claudian_family_tree" title="Julio-Claudian family tree">tree</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Flavian_dynasty" title="Flavian dynasty">Flavian dynasty</a> </td> <td>69 CE<sup id="cite_ref-Date1_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Date1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>96 CE<sup id="cite_ref-Date1_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Date1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>27 years </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vespasian" title="Vespasian">Vespasian</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Domitian" title="Domitian">Domitian</a> </td> <td>(<a href="/wiki/List_of_Roman_emperors#68–96:_Year_of_the_Four_Emperors_and_Flavian_dynasty" title="List of Roman emperors">list</a>)<hr />(<a href="/wiki/Flavian_dynasty#Family_tree" title="Flavian dynasty">tree</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Nerva%E2%80%93Antonine_dynasty" title="Nerva–Antonine dynasty">Nerva–Antonine dynasty</a><sup id="cite_ref-Nerva–Antonine_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nerva–Antonine-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>96 CE<sup id="cite_ref-Date2_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Date2-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>192 CE<sup id="cite_ref-Date2_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Date2-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>96 years </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nerva" title="Nerva">Nerva</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Commodus" title="Commodus">Commodus</a> </td> <td>(<a href="/wiki/List_of_Roman_emperors#96–192:_Nerva–Antonine_dynasty" title="List of Roman emperors">list</a>)<hr />(<a href="/wiki/Nerva%E2%80%93Antonine_dynasty#Nerva–Antonine_family_tree" title="Nerva–Antonine dynasty">tree</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Severan_dynasty" title="Severan dynasty">Severan dynasty</a> </td> <td>193 CE<sup id="cite_ref-Date3_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Date3-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>235 CE<sup id="cite_ref-Date3_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Date3-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>41 years<sup id="cite_ref-Severan_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Severan-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Septimius_Severus" title="Septimius Severus">Septimius Severus</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Severus_Alexander" title="Severus Alexander">Severus Alexander</a> </td> <td>(<a href="/wiki/List_of_Roman_emperors#193–235:_Year_of_the_Five_Emperors_and_Severan_dynasty" title="List of Roman emperors">list</a>)<hr />(<a href="/wiki/Severan_dynasty_family_tree" title="Severan dynasty family tree">tree</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Gordian_dynasty" title="Gordian dynasty">Gordian dynasty</a> </td> <td>238 CE<sup id="cite_ref-Date4_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Date4-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>244 CE<sup id="cite_ref-Date4_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Date4-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>6 years </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gordian_I" title="Gordian I">Gordian I</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gordian_III" title="Gordian III">Gordian III</a> </td> <td>(<a href="/wiki/List_of_Roman_emperors#235–285:_Crisis_of_the_Third_Century" title="List of Roman emperors">list</a>)<hr />(<a href="/wiki/Template:Gordian_dynasty_family_tree" title="Template:Gordian dynasty family tree">tree</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Decian_dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Decian dynasty">Decian dynasty</a> </td> <td>249 CE </td> <td>251 CE </td> <td>2 years </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Decius" title="Decius">Decius</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hostilian" title="Hostilian">Hostilian</a> </td> <td>(<a href="/wiki/Crisis_of_the_Third_Century#Decian_dynasty" title="Crisis of the Third Century">list</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Valerian_dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Valerian dynasty">Valerian dynasty</a> </td> <td>253 CE </td> <td>268 CE </td> <td>15 years </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Valerian_(emperor)" title="Valerian (emperor)">Valerian</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gallienus" title="Gallienus">Gallienus</a> </td> <td>(<a href="/wiki/Crisis_of_the_Third_Century#Valerian_dynasty" title="Crisis of the Third Century">list</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Caran_dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Caran dynasty">Caran dynasty</a> </td> <td>282 CE </td> <td>285 CE </td> <td>3 years </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Carus" title="Carus">Carus</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Carinus" title="Carinus">Carinus</a> </td> <td>(<a href="/wiki/Crisis_of_the_Third_Century#Caran_dynasty" title="Crisis of the Third Century">list</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="7">Dynasties of the <a href="/wiki/Dominate" title="Dominate">Dominate</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Constantinian_dynasty" title="Constantinian dynasty">Constantinian dynasty</a><sup id="cite_ref-Constantinian_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Constantinian-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>d<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>305 CE<sup id="cite_ref-Date5_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Date5-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>363 CE<sup id="cite_ref-Date5_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Date5-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>58 years </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Constantius_Chlorus" title="Constantius Chlorus">Constantius Chlorus</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(Western)</span><hr /><a href="/wiki/Constantine_the_Great" title="Constantine the Great">Constantine I</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(Eastern)</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Julian_(emperor)" title="Julian (emperor)">Julian</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(Western & Eastern)</span> </td> <td>(<a href="/wiki/List_of_Roman_emperors#284–364:_Tetrarchy_and_Constantinian_dynasty" title="List of Roman emperors">list</a>)<hr />(<a href="/wiki/Constantinian_dynasty#Family_tree" title="Constantinian dynasty">tree</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Valentinianic_dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Valentinianic dynasty">Valentinianic dynasty</a> </td> <td>364 CE<sup id="cite_ref-Date6_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Date6-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>392 CE<sup id="cite_ref-Date6_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Date6-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>28 years </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Valentinian_I" title="Valentinian I">Valentinian I</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(Western & Eastern)</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Valens" title="Valens">Valens</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(Eastern)</span><hr /><a href="/wiki/Valentinian_II" title="Valentinian II">Valentinian II</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(Western)</span> </td> <td>(<a href="/wiki/List_of_Roman_emperors#364–392:_Valentinianic_dynasty" title="List of Roman emperors">list</a>)<hr />(<a href="/wiki/Valentinianic_dynasty#Detailed_Family_tree" class="mw-redirect" title="Valentinianic dynasty">tree</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Theodosian_dynasty" title="Theodosian dynasty">Theodosian dynasty</a> </td> <td>379 CE<sup id="cite_ref-Date7_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Date7-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>457 CE<sup id="cite_ref-Date7_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Date7-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>78 years </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Theodosius_I" title="Theodosius I">Theodosius I</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(Western & Eastern)</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Valentinian_III" title="Valentinian III">Valentinian III</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(Western)</span><hr /><a href="/wiki/Marcian" title="Marcian">Marcian</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(Eastern)</span> </td> <td>(<a href="/wiki/List_of_Roman_emperors#392–455:_Theodosian_dynasty" title="List of Roman emperors">list W</a>) / (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Byzantine_emperors#Theodosian_dynasty_(379–457)" title="List of Byzantine emperors">list E</a>)<hr />(<a href="/wiki/Theodosian_dynasty#Family_tree" title="Theodosian dynasty">tree</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="7">Eastern (Byzantine) dynasties </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Leonid_dynasty" title="Leonid dynasty">Leonid dynasty</a> </td> <td>457 CE<sup id="cite_ref-Date8_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Date8-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>518 CE<sup id="cite_ref-Date8_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Date8-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>61 years </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Leo_I_the_Thracian" class="mw-redirect" title="Leo I the Thracian">Leo I</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Anastasius_I_Dicorus" title="Anastasius I Dicorus">Anastasius I</a> </td> <td>(<a href="/wiki/List_of_Byzantine_emperors#Leonid_dynasty_(457–518)" title="List of Byzantine emperors">list</a>)<hr />(<a href="/wiki/House_of_Leo#Family_tree" class="mw-redirect" title="House of Leo">tree</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire_under_the_Justinian_dynasty" title="Byzantine Empire under the Justinian dynasty">Justinian dynasty</a> </td> <td>518 CE<sup id="cite_ref-Date9_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Date9-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>602 CE<sup id="cite_ref-Date9_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Date9-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>84 years </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Justin_I" title="Justin I">Justin I</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Maurice_(emperor)" title="Maurice (emperor)">Maurice</a><br /><i>and</i><br /><a href="/wiki/Theodosius_(son_of_Maurice)" title="Theodosius (son of Maurice)">Theodosius</a><sup id="cite_ref-Justinian_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Justinian-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>e<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>(<a href="/wiki/List_of_Byzantine_emperors#Justinian_dynasty_(518–602)" title="List of Byzantine emperors">list</a>)<hr />(<a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire_under_the_Justinian_dynasty#Justinian_dynasty_family_tree" title="Byzantine Empire under the Justinian dynasty">tree</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire_under_the_Heraclian_dynasty" title="Byzantine Empire under the Heraclian dynasty">Heraclian dynasty</a> </td> <td>610 CE<sup id="cite_ref-Date10_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Date10-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>711 CE<sup id="cite_ref-Date10_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Date10-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>91 years<sup id="cite_ref-Heraclian1_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Heraclian1-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>f<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Heraclius" title="Heraclius">Heraclius</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Justinian_II" title="Justinian II">Justinian II</a><br /><i>and</i><br /><a href="/wiki/Tiberius_(son_of_Justinian_II)" title="Tiberius (son of Justinian II)">Tiberius</a><sup id="cite_ref-Heraclian2_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Heraclian2-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>g<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>(<a href="/wiki/List_of_Byzantine_emperors#Heraclian_dynasty_(610–695)" title="List of Byzantine emperors">list</a>)<hr />(<a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire_under_the_Heraclian_dynasty#Heraclian_dynasty_family_tree" title="Byzantine Empire under the Heraclian dynasty">tree</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire_under_the_Isaurian_dynasty" title="Byzantine Empire under the Isaurian dynasty">Isaurian dynasty</a><sup id="cite_ref-Isaurian_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Isaurian-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>h<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>717 CE<sup id="cite_ref-Date11_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Date11-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>802 CE<sup id="cite_ref-Date11_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Date11-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>85 years </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Leo_III_the_Isaurian" title="Leo III the Isaurian">Leo III</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Irene_of_Athens" title="Irene of Athens">Irene of Athens</a> </td> <td>(<a href="/wiki/List_of_Byzantine_emperors#Isaurian_dynasty_(717–802)" title="List of Byzantine emperors">list</a>)<hr />(<a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire_under_the_Isaurian_dynasty#Family_tree_of_Isaurian/Syrian_dynasty" title="Byzantine Empire under the Isaurian dynasty">tree</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire_under_the_Nikephorian_dynasty" title="Byzantine Empire under the Nikephorian dynasty">Nikephorian dynasty</a> </td> <td>802 CE </td> <td>813 CE </td> <td>11 years </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nikephoros_I" title="Nikephoros I">Nikephoros I</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Michael_I_Rangabe" title="Michael I Rangabe">Michael I Rangabe</a><br /><i>and</i><br /><a href="/wiki/Theophylact_(son_of_Michael_I)" title="Theophylact (son of Michael I)">Theophylact</a><sup id="cite_ref-Nikephorian_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nikephorian-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>i<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>(<a href="/wiki/List_of_Byzantine_emperors#Nikephorian_dynasty_(802–813)" title="List of Byzantine emperors">list</a>)<hr />(<a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire_under_the_Nikephorian_dynasty#Family_tree_of_the_Nikephorian_dynasty" title="Byzantine Empire under the Nikephorian dynasty">tree</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire_under_the_Amorian_dynasty" title="Byzantine Empire under the Amorian dynasty">Amorian dynasty</a><sup id="cite_ref-Amorian_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Amorian-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>j<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>820 CE<sup id="cite_ref-Date12_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Date12-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>867 CE<sup id="cite_ref-Date12_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Date12-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>47 years </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Michael_II" title="Michael II">Michael II</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Michael_III" title="Michael III">Michael III</a> </td> <td>(<a href="/wiki/List_of_Byzantine_emperors#Amorian_dynasty_(820–867)" title="List of Byzantine emperors">list</a>)<hr />(<a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire_under_the_Amorian_dynasty#Family_tree" title="Byzantine Empire under the Amorian dynasty">tree</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Macedonian_dynasty" title="Macedonian dynasty">Macedonian dynasty</a> </td> <td>867 CE<sup id="cite_ref-Date12_22-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Date12-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>1056 CE<sup id="cite_ref-Date12_22-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Date12-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>189 years </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Basil_I" title="Basil I">Basil I</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Theodora_Porphyrogenita_(11th_century)" class="mw-redirect" title="Theodora Porphyrogenita (11th century)">Theodora Porphyrogenita</a> </td> <td>(<a href="/wiki/List_of_Byzantine_emperors#Macedonian_dynasty_(867–1056)" title="List of Byzantine emperors">list</a>)<hr />(<a href="/wiki/Macedonian_dynasty#Genealogy" title="Macedonian dynasty">tree</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Komnenos" title="Komnenos">Komnenid dynasty</a><sup id="cite_ref-Komnenid1_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Komnenid1-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>k<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>1057 CE<sup id="cite_ref-Date13_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Date13-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>1185 CE<sup id="cite_ref-Date13_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Date13-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>106 years<sup id="cite_ref-Komnenid2_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Komnenid2-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>l<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Isaac_I_Komnenos" title="Isaac I Komnenos">Isaac I Komnenos</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Andronikos_I_Komnenos" title="Andronikos I Komnenos">Andronikos I Komnenos</a><br /><i>and</i><br /><a href="/wiki/John_Komnenos_(son_of_Andronikos_I)" title="John Komnenos (son of Andronikos I)">John Komnenos</a><sup id="cite_ref-Komnenid3_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Komnenid3-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>m<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>(<a href="/wiki/List_of_Byzantine_emperors#Komnenid_dynasty_(1081–1185)" title="List of Byzantine emperors">list</a>)<hr />(<a href="/wiki/Komnenos#Family_tree_of_the_House_of_Komnenos" title="Komnenos">tree</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Doukas" title="Doukas">Doukid dynasty</a> </td> <td>1059 CE<sup id="cite_ref-Date14_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Date14-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>1078 CE<sup id="cite_ref-Date14_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Date14-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>19 years </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Constantine_X_Doukas" title="Constantine X Doukas">Constantine X Doukas</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Michael_VII_Doukas" title="Michael VII Doukas">Michael VII Doukas</a> </td> <td>(<a href="/wiki/List_of_Byzantine_emperors#Doukid_dynasty_(1059–1081)" title="List of Byzantine emperors">list</a>)<hr />(<a href="/wiki/Doukas#Family_tree_of_the_House_of_Doukas" title="Doukas">tree</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Angelos" title="Angelos">Angelid dynasty</a> </td> <td>1185 CE<sup id="cite_ref-Date15_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Date15-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>1204 CE<sup id="cite_ref-Date15_28-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Date15-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>19 years </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Isaac_II_Angelos" title="Isaac II Angelos">Isaac II Angelos</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alexios_V_Doukas" title="Alexios V Doukas">Alexios V Doukas</a> </td> <td>(<a href="/wiki/List_of_Byzantine_emperors#Angelid_dynasty_(1185–1204)" title="List of Byzantine emperors">list</a>)<hr />(<a href="/wiki/Angelos#Family_tree_for_the_Imperial_House_of_Angelos" title="Angelos">tree</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Laskaris" title="Laskaris">Laskarid dynasty</a><sup id="cite_ref-Nicaea_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nicaea-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>n<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>1204 CE </td> <td>1261 CE </td> <td>57 years </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Theodore_I_Laskaris" title="Theodore I Laskaris">Theodore I Laskaris</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/John_IV_Laskaris" title="John IV Laskaris">John IV Laskaris</a> </td> <td>(<a href="/wiki/List_of_Byzantine_emperors#Laskarid_dynasty_(Empire_of_Nicaea,_1204–1261)" title="List of Byzantine emperors">list</a>)<hr />(<a href="/wiki/Laskaris#Family_tree_of_the_Imperial_House_of_Laskaris" title="Laskaris">tree</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Palaiologos" title="Palaiologos">Palaiologan dynasty</a> </td> <td>1259 CE<sup id="cite_ref-Date16_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Date16-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>1453 CE<sup id="cite_ref-Date16_32-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Date16-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>194 years </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Michael_VIII_Palaiologos" title="Michael VIII Palaiologos">Michael VIII Palaiologos</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Constantine_XI_Palaiologos" title="Constantine XI Palaiologos">Constantine XI Palaiologos</a> </td> <td>(<a href="/wiki/List_of_Byzantine_emperors#Palaiologan_dynasty_(restored_to_Constantinople,_1261–1453)" title="List of Byzantine emperors">list</a>)<hr />(<a href="/wiki/Palaiologos#Family_tree" title="Palaiologos">tree</a>) </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Graphical_representation">Graphical representation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Roman_dynasties&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Graphical representation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="timeline-wrapper"><map name="timeline_p7tiuia1nycp7i82cx64q6i4um38oye"><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Palaiologan_dynasty" coords="1027,327,1169,347" title="Palaiologan dynasty" alt="Palaiologan dynasty" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Laskarid_dynasty" coords="895,315,1020,336" title="Laskarid dynasty" alt="Laskarid dynasty" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Angelid_dynasty" coords="856,303,975,324" title="Angelid dynasty" alt="Angelid dynasty" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Komnenid_dynasty" coords="843,292,968,313" title="Komnenid dynasty" alt="Komnenid dynasty" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Doukid_dynasty" coords="769,280,883,301" title="Doukid dynasty" alt="Doukid dynasty" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Komnenid_dynasty" coords="756,269,881,290" title="Komnenid dynasty" alt="Komnenid dynasty" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Macedonian_dynasty" coords="754,257,890,278" title="Macedonian dynasty" alt="Macedonian dynasty" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Amorian_dynasty" coords="624,246,744,266" title="Amorian dynasty" alt="Amorian dynasty" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Nikephorian_dynasty" coords="587,234,729,255" title="Nikephorian dynasty" alt="Nikephorian dynasty" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Isaurian_dynasty" coords="580,223,705,243" title="Isaurian dynasty" alt="Isaurian dynasty" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Heraclian_dynasty" coords="517,211,648,232" title="Heraclian dynasty" alt="Heraclian dynasty" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Heraclian_dynasty" coords="506,200,637,220" title="Heraclian dynasty" alt="Heraclian dynasty" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Justinian_dynasty" coords="442,188,573,209" title="Justinian dynasty" alt="Justinian dynasty" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Leonid_dynasty" coords="384,177,498,197" title="Leonid dynasty" alt="Leonid dynasty" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Theodosian_dynasty" coords="342,165,478,186" title="Theodosian dynasty" alt="Theodosian dynasty" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Valentinianic_dynasty" coords="298,153,450,174" title="Valentinianic dynasty" alt="Valentinianic dynasty" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Constantinian_dynasty" coords="278,142,430,163" title="Constantinian dynasty" alt="Constantinian dynasty" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Gordian_dynasty" coords="196,96,315,116" title="Gordian dynasty" alt="Gordian dynasty" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Severan_dynasty" coords="190,84,309,105" title="Severan dynasty" alt="Severan dynasty" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Nerva%E2%80%93Antonine_dynasty" coords="160,73,330,93" title="Nerva–Antonine dynasty" alt="Nerva–Antonine dynasty" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Flavian_dynasty" coords="94,61,214,82" title="Flavian dynasty" alt="Flavian dynasty" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Julio%2DClaudian_dynasty" coords="75,50,233,70" title="Julio-Claudian dynasty" alt="Julio-Claudian dynasty" /></map><img usemap="#timeline_p7tiuia1nycp7i82cx64q6i4um38oye" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/timeline/p7tiuia1nycp7i82cx64q6i4um38oye.png" /></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Roman_dynasties&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/P_history.svg/31px-P_history.svg.png" decoding="async" width="31" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/P_history.svg/47px-P_history.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/P_history.svg/62px-P_history.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:History" title="Portal:History">History portal</a></span></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Imperial_Crown_Heraldry.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Imperial_Crown_Heraldry.svg/30px-Imperial_Crown_Heraldry.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Imperial_Crown_Heraldry.svg/45px-Imperial_Crown_Heraldry.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Imperial_Crown_Heraldry.svg/60px-Imperial_Crown_Heraldry.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="115" data-file-height="108" /></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Monarchy" title="Portal:Monarchy">Monarchy portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dynasty" title="Dynasty">Dynasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Byzantine_Empire" title="History of the Byzantine Empire">History of the Byzantine Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Roman_Empire" title="History of the Roman Empire">History of the Roman Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Byzantine_emperors" title="List of Byzantine emperors">List of Byzantine emperors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Byzantine_usurpers" title="List of Byzantine usurpers">List of Byzantine usurpers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_condemned_Roman_emperors" class="mw-redirect" title="List of condemned Roman emperors">List of condemned Roman emperors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Roman_emperors" title="List of Roman emperors">List of Roman emperors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Roman_usurpers" title="List of Roman usurpers">List of Roman usurpers</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pax_Romana" title="Pax Romana">Pax Romana</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Succession_of_the_Roman_Empire" title="Succession of the Roman Empire">Succession of the Roman Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_largest_empires" title="List of largest empires">List of largest empires</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Roman_dynasties&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Adoption-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Adoption_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">As <a href="/wiki/Adoption_in_ancient_Rome" title="Adoption in ancient Rome">adoption</a> was widely practiced by the upper classes, some Roman monarchs were not directly biologically related to their predecessors despite belonging to the same dynasty. For example, the second emperor of the <a href="/wiki/Julio-Claudian_dynasty" title="Julio-Claudian dynasty">Julio–Claudian dynasty</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tiberius" title="Tiberius">Tiberius</a>, was in fact an adopted son of the dynastic founder, <a href="/wiki/Augustus" title="Augustus">Augustus</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Nerva–Antonine-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Nerva–Antonine_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The <a href="/wiki/Nerva%E2%80%93Antonine_dynasty" title="Nerva–Antonine dynasty">Nerva–Antonine dynasty</a> is sometimes subdivided into the <a href="/wiki/Nerva%E2%80%93Antonine_dynasty#Nerva–Trajan_dynasty" title="Nerva–Antonine dynasty">Nerva–Trajan dynasty</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Nerva%E2%80%93Antonine_dynasty#Antonine_dynasty" title="Nerva–Antonine dynasty">Antonine dynasty</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Severan-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Severan_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The rule of the <a href="/wiki/Severan_dynasty" title="Severan dynasty">Severan dynasty</a> was interrupted between 217 CE and 218 CE. <a href="/wiki/Caracalla" title="Caracalla">Caracalla</a> was the last ruler before the interregnum. <a href="/wiki/Elagabalus" title="Elagabalus">Elagabalus</a> was the first ruler after the interregnum.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Constantinian-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Constantinian_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The <a href="/wiki/Constantinian_dynasty" title="Constantinian dynasty">Constantinian dynasty</a> is also known as the "Neo-Flavian dynasty".</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Justinian-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Justinian_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Maurice_(emperor)" title="Maurice (emperor)">Maurice</a> and <a href="/wiki/Theodosius_(son_of_Maurice)" title="Theodosius (son of Maurice)">Theodosius</a> reigned as co-rulers.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Heraclian1-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Heraclian1_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The rule of the <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire_under_the_Heraclian_dynasty" title="Byzantine Empire under the Heraclian dynasty">Heraclian dynasty</a> was interrupted between 695 CE and 705 CE. <a href="/wiki/Justinian_II" title="Justinian II">Justinian II</a> was both the last ruler before the interregnum and the first ruler after the interregnum.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Heraclian2-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Heraclian2_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Justinian_II" title="Justinian II">Justinian II</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tiberius_(son_of_Justinian_II)" title="Tiberius (son of Justinian II)">Tiberius</a> reigned as co-rulers.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Isaurian-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Isaurian_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire_under_the_Isaurian_dynasty" title="Byzantine Empire under the Isaurian dynasty">Isaurian dynasty</a> is also known as the "Syrian dynasty".</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Nikephorian-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Nikephorian_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Michael_I_Rangabe" title="Michael I Rangabe">Michael I Rangabe</a> and <a href="/wiki/Theophylact_(son_of_Michael_I)" title="Theophylact (son of Michael I)">Theophylact</a> reigned as co-rulers.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Amorian-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Amorian_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire_under_the_Amorian_dynasty" title="Byzantine Empire under the Amorian dynasty">Amorian dynasty</a> is also known as the "Phrygian dynasty".</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Komnenid1-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Komnenid1_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The <a href="/wiki/Komnenos" title="Komnenos">Komnenid dynasty</a> ruled the <a href="/wiki/Empire_of_Trebizond" title="Empire of Trebizond">Empire of Trebizond</a> between 1204 CE and 1461 CE.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Komnenid2-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Komnenid2_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The rule of the <a href="/wiki/Komnenos" title="Komnenos">Komnenid dynasty</a> was interrupted between 1059 CE and 1081 CE. <a href="/wiki/Isaac_I_Komnenos" title="Isaac I Komnenos">Isaac I Komnenos</a> was the last ruler before the interregnum. <a href="/wiki/Alexios_I_Komnenos" title="Alexios I Komnenos">Alexios I Komnenos</a> was the first ruler after the interregnum.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Komnenid3-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Komnenid3_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Andronikos_I_Komnenos" title="Andronikos I Komnenos">Andronikos I Komnenos</a> and <a href="/wiki/John_Komnenos_(son_of_Andronikos_I)" title="John Komnenos (son of Andronikos I)">John Komnenos</a> reigned as co-rulers.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Nicaea-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Nicaea_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">In the aftermath of the <a href="/wiki/Fourth_Crusade" title="Fourth Crusade">Fourth Crusade</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Laskaris" title="Laskaris">Laskarid dynasty</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Empire_of_Nicaea" title="Empire of Nicaea">empire of Nicaea</a> is traditionally accepted by historians as the legitimate continuation of the Roman Empire, mostly because in 1261 it recovered Constantinople, New Rome.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the period between 1204–1261, however, there were four competing dynasties—aside from the Laskarids in Nicaea, these were the <a href="/wiki/Latin_Empire" title="Latin Empire">Latin</a> <a href="/wiki/Latin_Emperor" title="Latin Emperor">emperors</a> of the "Flanders dynasty" in Constantinople,<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the <a href="/wiki/Angelos" title="Angelos">Komnenodoukai</a> of <a href="/wiki/Despotate_of_Epirus" title="Despotate of Epirus">Epirus</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Komnenos" title="Komnenos">Megalokomnenoi</a> of <a href="/wiki/Empire_of_Trebizond" title="Empire of Trebizond">Trebizond</a>—equally claiming the east Roman emperorship.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Roman_dynasties&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Date1-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Date1_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Date1_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Date1_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Date1_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFKidnerBucurMathisenMcKee2013" class="citation book cs1">Kidner, Frank; Bucur, Maria; Mathisen, Ralph; McKee, Sally; Weeks, Theodore (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=1_E_CQAAQBAJ&q=julio+claudian+dynasty+27+bc-68+ad&pg=PA161"><i>Making Europe: The Story of the West</i></a>. Cengage Learning. p. 161. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1111841317" title="Special:BookSources/978-1111841317"><bdi>978-1111841317</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Making+Europe%3A+The+Story+of+the+West&rft.pages=161&rft.pub=Cengage+Learning&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-1111841317&rft.aulast=Kidner&rft.aufirst=Frank&rft.au=Bucur%2C+Maria&rft.au=Mathisen%2C+Ralph&rft.au=McKee%2C+Sally&rft.au=Weeks%2C+Theodore&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D1_E_CQAAQBAJ%26q%3Djulio%2Bclaudian%2Bdynasty%2B27%2Bbc-68%2Bad%26pg%3DPA161&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Roman+dynasties" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Date2-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Date2_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Date2_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFD'AmatoFrediani2019" class="citation book cs1">D'Amato, Raffaele; Frediani, Andrea (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=6mObDwAAQBAJ&q=Nerva%E2%80%93Antonine+dynasty+96-192&pg=PA8"><i>Strasbourg AD 357: The victory that saved Gaul</i></a>. Bloomsbury. p. 8. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781472833969" title="Special:BookSources/9781472833969"><bdi>9781472833969</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Strasbourg+AD+357%3A+The+victory+that+saved+Gaul&rft.pages=8&rft.pub=Bloomsbury&rft.date=2019&rft.isbn=9781472833969&rft.aulast=D%27Amato&rft.aufirst=Raffaele&rft.au=Frediani%2C+Andrea&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D6mObDwAAQBAJ%26q%3DNerva%25E2%2580%2593Antonine%2Bdynasty%2B96-192%26pg%3DPA8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Roman+dynasties" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Date3-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Date3_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Date3_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFErmatinger2018" class="citation book cs1">Ermatinger, James (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=onlUDwAAQBAJ&q=Severan+dynasty+193-235&pg=PA233"><i>The Roman Empire: A Historical Encyclopedia</i></a>. Abc-Clio. p. 233. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781440838095" title="Special:BookSources/9781440838095"><bdi>9781440838095</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Roman+Empire%3A+A+Historical+Encyclopedia&rft.pages=233&rft.pub=Abc-Clio&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=9781440838095&rft.aulast=Ermatinger&rft.aufirst=James&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DonlUDwAAQBAJ%26q%3DSeveran%2Bdynasty%2B193-235%26pg%3DPA233&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Roman+dynasties" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Date4-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Date4_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Date4_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFomenko2005" class="citation book cs1">Fomenko, Anatoly (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=fSvlaZYbcwUC&q=Gordian+dynasty+238-244&pg=PA171"><i>History: Fiction Or Science?</i></a>. Mithec. p. 171. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9782913621060" title="Special:BookSources/9782913621060"><bdi>9782913621060</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History%3A+Fiction+Or+Science%3F&rft.pages=171&rft.pub=Mithec&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=9782913621060&rft.aulast=Fomenko&rft.aufirst=Anatoly&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DfSvlaZYbcwUC%26q%3DGordian%2Bdynasty%2B238-244%26pg%3DPA171&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Roman+dynasties" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Date5-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Date5_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Date5_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCowell1961" class="citation book cs1">Cowell, Frank (1961). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=MEdoAAAAMAAJ&q=Constantinian+dynasty+305-363"><i>Everyday Life in Ancient Rome</i></a>. Batsford. p. 199. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7134-1663-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7134-1663-3"><bdi>978-0-7134-1663-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Everyday+Life+in+Ancient+Rome&rft.pages=199&rft.pub=Batsford&rft.date=1961&rft.isbn=978-0-7134-1663-3&rft.aulast=Cowell&rft.aufirst=Frank&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DMEdoAAAAMAAJ%26q%3DConstantinian%2Bdynasty%2B305-363&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Roman+dynasties" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Date6-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Date6_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Date6_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChrist1984" class="citation book cs1">Christ, Karl (1984). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=YHXveBhJhlsC&q=Valentinian+dynasty+364-392&pg=PA184"><i>The Romans: An Introduction to Their History and Civilisation</i></a>. University of California Press. p. 184. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780520045668" title="Special:BookSources/9780520045668"><bdi>9780520045668</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Romans%3A+An+Introduction+to+Their+History+and+Civilisation&rft.pages=184&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.date=1984&rft.isbn=9780520045668&rft.aulast=Christ&rft.aufirst=Karl&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DYHXveBhJhlsC%26q%3DValentinian%2Bdynasty%2B364-392%26pg%3DPA184&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Roman+dynasties" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Date7-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Date7_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Date7_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrigKelly2015" class="citation book cs1">Grig, Lucy; Kelly, Gavin (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=sGNnDAAAQBAJ&q=Theodosian+dynasty+379-457&pg=PA186"><i>Two Romes: Rome and Constantinople in Late Antiquity</i></a>. Oxford University Press. p. 186. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780190241087" title="Special:BookSources/9780190241087"><bdi>9780190241087</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Two+Romes%3A+Rome+and+Constantinople+in+Late+Antiquity&rft.pages=186&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=9780190241087&rft.aulast=Grig&rft.aufirst=Lucy&rft.au=Kelly%2C+Gavin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DsGNnDAAAQBAJ%26q%3DTheodosian%2Bdynasty%2B379-457%26pg%3DPA186&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Roman+dynasties" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Date8-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Date8_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Date8_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMaas2015" class="citation book cs1">Maas, Michael (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=67dUBAAAQBAJ&q=house+of+Leo+457-518&pg=PA106"><i>The Cambridge Companion to the Age of Attila</i></a>. Cambridge University Press. p. 106. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781107021754" title="Special:BookSources/9781107021754"><bdi>9781107021754</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Cambridge+Companion+to+the+Age+of+Attila&rft.pages=106&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=9781107021754&rft.aulast=Maas&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D67dUBAAAQBAJ%26q%3Dhouse%2Bof%2BLeo%2B457-518%26pg%3DPA106&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Roman+dynasties" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Date9-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Date9_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Date9_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKonstam2015" class="citation book cs1">Konstam, Angus (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=tj-VCwAAQBAJ&q=Justinian+dynasty+518-602&pg=PA18"><i>Byzantine Warship vs Arab Warship: 7th–11th centuries</i></a>. Bloomsbury. p. 18. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781472807588" title="Special:BookSources/9781472807588"><bdi>9781472807588</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Byzantine+Warship+vs+Arab+Warship%3A+7th%E2%80%9311th+centuries&rft.pages=18&rft.pub=Bloomsbury&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=9781472807588&rft.aulast=Konstam&rft.aufirst=Angus&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dtj-VCwAAQBAJ%26q%3DJustinian%2Bdynasty%2B518-602%26pg%3DPA18&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Roman+dynasties" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Date10-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Date10_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Date10_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFlichy2012" class="citation book cs1">Flichy, Thomas (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=eZDxAwAAQBAJ&q=Heraclian+dynasty+610-711&pg=PA30"><i>Financial Crises and Renewal of Empires</i></a>. Lulu.com. p. 30. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781291097337" title="Special:BookSources/9781291097337"><bdi>9781291097337</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Financial+Crises+and+Renewal+of+Empires&rft.pages=30&rft.pub=Lulu.com&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=9781291097337&rft.aulast=Flichy&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DeZDxAwAAQBAJ%26q%3DHeraclian%2Bdynasty%2B610-711%26pg%3DPA30&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Roman+dynasties" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Date11-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Date11_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Date11_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLePreeDjukic2019" class="citation book cs1">LePree, James; Djukic, Ljudmila (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=q6KsDwAAQBAJ&q=Isaurian+dynasty+717-802&pg=PA209"><i>The Byzantine Empire: A Historical Encyclopedia</i></a>. Abc-Clio. p. 209. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781440851476" title="Special:BookSources/9781440851476"><bdi>9781440851476</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Byzantine+Empire%3A+A+Historical+Encyclopedia&rft.pages=209&rft.pub=Abc-Clio&rft.date=2019&rft.isbn=9781440851476&rft.aulast=LePree&rft.aufirst=James&rft.au=Djukic%2C+Ljudmila&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dq6KsDwAAQBAJ%26q%3DIsaurian%2Bdynasty%2B717-802%26pg%3DPA209&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Roman+dynasties" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Date12-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Date12_22-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Date12_22-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Date12_22-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Date12_22-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTougher2009" class="citation book cs1">Tougher, Shaun (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=f7yNAgAAQBAJ&q=Amorian+dynasty+820-867&pg=PA55"><i>The Eunuch in Byzantine History and Society</i></a>. Routledge. p. 55. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781135235710" title="Special:BookSources/9781135235710"><bdi>9781135235710</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Eunuch+in+Byzantine+History+and+Society&rft.pages=55&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=9781135235710&rft.aulast=Tougher&rft.aufirst=Shaun&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Df7yNAgAAQBAJ%26q%3DAmorian%2Bdynasty%2B820-867%26pg%3DPA55&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Roman+dynasties" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Date13-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Date13_24-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Date13_24-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWalker2012" class="citation book cs1">Walker, Alicia (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=XrOGt6CpTgMC&q=Komnenos+dynasty+1057-1185&pg=PA11"><i>The Emperor and the World: Exotic Elements and the Imaging of Middle Byzantine Imperial Power, Ninth to Thirteenth Centuries C.E.</i></a> Cambridge University Press. p. 11. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781107004771" title="Special:BookSources/9781107004771"><bdi>9781107004771</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Emperor+and+the+World%3A+Exotic+Elements+and+the+Imaging+of+Middle+Byzantine+Imperial+Power%2C+Ninth+to+Thirteenth+Centuries+C.E.&rft.pages=11&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=9781107004771&rft.aulast=Walker&rft.aufirst=Alicia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DXrOGt6CpTgMC%26q%3DKomnenos%2Bdynasty%2B1057-1185%26pg%3DPA11&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Roman+dynasties" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Date14-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Date14_27-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Date14_27-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStacton1965" class="citation book cs1">Stacton, David (1965). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=gvM-AQAAIAAJ&q=Doukas+1059-1078"><i>The World on the Last Day: The Sack of Constantinople by the Turks, May 29, 1453: Its Causes and Consequences</i></a>. p. 276.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+World+on+the+Last+Day%3A+The+Sack+of+Constantinople+by+the+Turks%2C+May+29%2C+1453%3A+Its+Causes+and+Consequences&rft.pages=276&rft.date=1965&rft.aulast=Stacton&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DgvM-AQAAIAAJ%26q%3DDoukas%2B1059-1078&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Roman+dynasties" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Date15-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Date15_28-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Date15_28-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">LePree & Djukic (2019). p. 305.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTreadgold1997" class="citation book cs1">Treadgold, Warren (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=nYbnr5XVbzUC"><i>A History of the Byzantine State and Society</i></a>. Stanford University Press. p. 734. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0804726302" title="Special:BookSources/0804726302"><bdi>0804726302</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+the+Byzantine+State+and+Society&rft.pages=734&rft.pub=Stanford+University+Press&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=0804726302&rft.aulast=Treadgold&rft.aufirst=Warren&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DnYbnr5XVbzUC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Roman+dynasties" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKanev2018" class="citation book cs1">Kanev, Nikolay (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/38024121"><i>Reflections of the Imperial Ideology on the Seals of the Latin Emperor Baldwin II of Courtenay</i></a>. pp. 56–64.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Reflections+of+the+Imperial+Ideology+on+the+Seals+of+the+Latin+Emperor+Baldwin+II+of+Courtenay.&rft.pages=56-64&rft.date=2018&rft.aulast=Kanev&rft.aufirst=Nikolay&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F38024121&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Roman+dynasties" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">|work=</code> ignored (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#periodical_ignored" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Date16-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Date16_32-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Date16_32-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWoodfin2012" class="citation book cs1">Woodfin, Warren (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=cx3w6nqT17cC&q=Palaiologos+dynasty+1259-1453&pg=PR25"><i>The Embodied Icon: Liturgical Vestments and Sacramental Power in Byzantium</i></a>. OUP Oxford. p. xxv. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780199592098" title="Special:BookSources/9780199592098"><bdi>9780199592098</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Embodied+Icon%3A+Liturgical+Vestments+and+Sacramental+Power+in+Byzantium&rft.pages=xxv&rft.pub=OUP+Oxford&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=9780199592098&rft.aulast=Woodfin&rft.aufirst=Warren&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dcx3w6nqT17cC%26q%3DPalaiologos%2Bdynasty%2B1259-1453%26pg%3DPR25&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Roman+dynasties" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_Roman_dynasties&oldid=1245257893">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_Roman_dynasties&oldid=1245257893</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Roman_imperial_dynasties" title="Category:Roman imperial dynasties">Roman imperial dynasties</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Lists_of_dynasties" title="Category:Lists of dynasties">Lists of dynasties</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_the_EasyTimeline_extension" title="Category:Pages using the EasyTimeline extension">Pages using the EasyTimeline extension</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_errors:_periodical_ignored" title="Category:CS1 errors: periodical ignored">CS1 errors: periodical ignored</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 11 September 2024, at 23:17<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_Roman_dynasties&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-psqwl","wgBackendResponseTime":137,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.390","walltime":"0.468","ppvisitednodes":{"value":1970,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":35058,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":3752,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":9,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":3,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":78562,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 402.347 1 -total"," 59.94% 241.168 2 Template:Reflist"," 50.37% 202.681 17 Template:Cite_book"," 17.67% 71.098 1 Template:Short_description"," 11.14% 44.836 2 Template:Pagetype"," 5.65% 22.734 1 Template:Portal"," 4.81% 19.354 1 Template:Notelist"," 3.71% 14.919 5 Template:Main_other"," 3.70% 14.881 14 Template:Efn"," 3.06% 12.297 1 Template:SDcat"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.215","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":5562220,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-api-int.codfw.main-849f99967d-wz7s5","timestamp":"20241123083720","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"List of Roman dynasties","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_Roman_dynasties","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q85778405","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q85778405","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2019-11-19T13:16:08Z","dateModified":"2024-09-11T23:17:03Z","headline":"Wikimedia list article"}</script> </body> </html>