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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Middle_Ages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Middle Ages</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Middle_Ages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Renaissance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Renaissance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Renaissance</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Renaissance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_Polish–Lithuanian_Commonwealth" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Polish–Lithuanian_Commonwealth"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>The Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Polish–Lithuanian_Commonwealth-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-After_World_War_II" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#After_World_War_II"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>After World War II</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-After_World_War_II-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Modern_era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Modern_era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Modern era</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Modern_era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Holiday_meals" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Holiday_meals"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Holiday meals</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Holiday_meals-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Holiday meals subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Holiday_meals-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Christmas_dishes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Christmas_dishes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Christmas dishes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Christmas_dishes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fat_Thursday" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fat_Thursday"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Fat Thursday</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fat_Thursday-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Easter_breakfast" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Easter_breakfast"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Easter breakfast</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Easter_breakfast-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Regional_cuisines" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Regional_cuisines"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Regional cuisines</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Regional_cuisines-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Regional cuisines subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Regional_cuisines-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Greater_Poland" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Greater_Poland"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Greater Poland</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Greater_Poland-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lesser_Poland" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lesser_Poland"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Lesser Poland</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lesser_Poland-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lubelszczyzna" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lubelszczyzna"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Lubelszczyzna</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lubelszczyzna-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kashubia_and_Pomerania" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kashubia_and_Pomerania"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Kashubia and Pomerania</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kashubia_and_Pomerania-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Masovia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Masovia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>Masovia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Masovia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Podlaskie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Podlaskie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.6</span> <span>Podlaskie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Podlaskie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Silesia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Silesia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.7</span> <span>Silesia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Silesia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Warmia–Masuria" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Warmia–Masuria"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.8</span> <span>Warmia–Masuria</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Warmia–Masuria-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Soups" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Soups"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Soups</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Soups-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Meat_and_fish" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Meat_and_fish"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Meat and fish</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Meat_and_fish-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Flour_or_potato-based" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Flour_or_potato-based"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Flour or potato-based</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Flour_or_potato-based-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Side_dishes_and_salads" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Side_dishes_and_salads"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Side dishes and salads</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Side_dishes_and_salads-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bread" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bread"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Bread</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bread-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Desserts_and_sweets" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Desserts_and_sweets"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Desserts and sweets</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Desserts_and_sweets-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Beverages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Beverages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Beverages</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Beverages-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Beverages subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Beverages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Alcohol" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Alcohol"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1</span> <span>Alcohol</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Alcohol-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Non-alcoholic_drinks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Non-alcoholic_drinks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.2</span> <span>Non-alcoholic drinks</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Non-alcoholic_drinks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lists_of_common_Polish_dishes_found_on_a_national_level" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lists_of_common_Polish_dishes_found_on_a_national_level"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Lists of common Polish dishes found on a national level</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lists_of_common_Polish_dishes_found_on_a_national_level-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Polish cuisine</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 36 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-36" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">36 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poolse_kookkuns" title="Poolse kookkuns – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Poolse kookkuns" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B7%D8%A8%D8%AE_%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%8A" title="مطبخ بولندي – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مطبخ بولندي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pol%C5%9Fa_m%C9%99tb%C9%99xi" title="Polşa mətbəxi – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Polşa mətbəxi" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%85%D0%BD%D1%8F" title="Польская кухня – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Польская кухня" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%85%D0%BD%D1%8F" title="Полска кухня – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Полска кухня" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gastronomia_de_Pol%C3%B2nia" title="Gastronomia de Polònia – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Gastronomia de Polònia" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polsk%C3%A1_kuchyn%C4%9B" title="Polská kuchyně – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Polská kuchyně" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polnische_K%C3%BCche" title="Polnische Küche – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Polnische Küche" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CE%BF%CE%BB%CF%89%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%B6%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%B1" title="Πολωνική κουζίνα – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Πολωνική κουζίνα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gastronom%C3%ADa_de_Polonia" title="Gastronomía de Polonia – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Gastronomía de Polonia" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%B4%D9%BE%D8%B2%DB%8C_%D9%84%D9%87%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C" title="آشپزی لهستانی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آشپزی لهستانی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuisine_polonaise" title="Cuisine polonaise – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Cuisine polonaise" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%8F%B4%EB%9E%80%EB%93%9C_%EC%9A%94%EB%A6%AC" title="폴란드 요리 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="폴란드 요리" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BC%D5%A5%D5%B0%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%AD%D5%B8%D5%B0%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%B8%D6%81" title="Լեհական խոհանոց – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Լեհական խոհանոց" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hidangan_Polandia" title="Hidangan Polandia – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Hidangan Polandia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%B3lsk_matarger%C3%B0" title="Pólsk matargerð – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Pólsk matargerð" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cucina_polacca" title="Cucina polacca – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Cucina polacca" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%98%D7%91%D7%97_%D7%94%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%A0%D7%99" title="המטבח הפולני – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="המטבח הפולני" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olahan_Polen" title="Olahan Polen – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Olahan Polen" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9E%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%96%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D" title="პოლონური სამზარეულო – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="პოლონური სამზარეულო" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%AAjgeha_polon%C3%AE" title="Pêjgeha polonî – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Pêjgeha polonî" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lengyel_konyham%C5%B1v%C3%A9szet" title="Lengyel konyhaművészet – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Lengyel konyhaművészet" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poolse_keuken" title="Poolse keuken – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Poolse keuken" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9D%E3%83%BC%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89%E6%96%99%E7%90%86" title="ポーランド料理 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ポーランド料理" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuchnia_polska" title="Kuchnia polska – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Kuchnia polska" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Culin%C3%A1ria_da_Pol%C3%B4nia" title="Culinária da Polônia – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Culinária da Polônia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buc%C4%83t%C4%83ria_polonez%C4%83" title="Bucătăria poloneză – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Bucătăria poloneză" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%85%D0%BD%D1%8F" title="Польская кухня – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Польская кухня" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polish_cuisine" title="Polish cuisine – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Polish cuisine" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%99%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%85%D0%B8%D1%9A%D0%B0" title="Пољска кухиња – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Пољска кухиња" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puolalainen_keitti%C3%B6" title="Puolalainen keittiö – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Puolalainen keittiö" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polska_k%C3%B6ket" title="Polska köket – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Polska köket" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polonya_mutfa%C4%9F%C4%B1" title="Polonya mutfağı – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Polonya mutfağı" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%85%D0%BD%D1%8F" title="Польська кухня – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Польська кухня" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%BA%A8m_th%E1%BB%B1c_Ba_Lan" title="Ẩm thực Ba Lan – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Ẩm thực Ba Lan" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E8%98%AD%E9%A3%B2%E9%A3%9F" title="波蘭飲食 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="波蘭飲食" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q756020#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit 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searchaux" style="display:none">Culinary traditions of Poland</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1273380762/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:322px;max-width:322px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:171px;max-width:171px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:126px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:07425_Jahrmarkt_in_Sanok_am_17_Juli_2011.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/07425_Jahrmarkt_in_Sanok_am_17_Juli_2011.jpg/169px-07425_Jahrmarkt_in_Sanok_am_17_Juli_2011.jpg" decoding="async" width="169" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/07425_Jahrmarkt_in_Sanok_am_17_Juli_2011.jpg/254px-07425_Jahrmarkt_in_Sanok_am_17_Juli_2011.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/07425_Jahrmarkt_in_Sanok_am_17_Juli_2011.jpg/338px-07425_Jahrmarkt_in_Sanok_am_17_Juli_2011.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Complementary traditional Polish farmers food (<a href="/wiki/Bigos" title="Bigos">bigos</a> stew, <a href="/wiki/Pierogi" title="Pierogi">pierogi</a> dumplings, <a href="/wiki/Go%C5%82%C4%85bki" title="Gołąbki">gołąbki</a> cabbage rolls, <a href="/wiki/Cracklings" title="Cracklings">skwarki</a> cracklings)</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:147px;max-width:147px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:126px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kielbasas.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Kielbasas.jpg/145px-Kielbasas.jpg" decoding="async" width="145" height="126" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Kielbasas.jpg/218px-Kielbasas.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Kielbasas.jpg/290px-Kielbasas.jpg 2x" data-file-width="999" data-file-height="868" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Various kinds of Polish <a href="/wiki/Kielbasa" title="Kielbasa">kielbasa</a>. From the top down: biała, <a href="/wiki/Kabanos" title="Kabanos">kabanos</a>, wiejska with <a href="/wiki/Mustard_(condiment)" title="Mustard (condiment)">mustard</a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:150px;max-width:150px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:129px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Oscypki.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Oscypki.jpg/148px-Oscypki.jpg" decoding="async" width="148" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Oscypki.jpg/222px-Oscypki.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Oscypki.jpg/296px-Oscypki.jpg 2x" data-file-width="873" data-file-height="767" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Oscypek" title="Oscypek">Oscypek</a>, a Polish smoked cheese and traditional food of the <a href="/wiki/Gorals" title="Gorals">Goral</a> people in the <a href="/wiki/Tatra_Mountains" title="Tatra Mountains">Tatra Mountains</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:168px;max-width:168px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:129px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bagel-Plain-Alt.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Bagel-Plain-Alt.jpg/166px-Bagel-Plain-Alt.jpg" decoding="async" width="166" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Bagel-Plain-Alt.jpg/249px-Bagel-Plain-Alt.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Bagel-Plain-Alt.jpg/332px-Bagel-Plain-Alt.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3300" data-file-height="2580" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Bagel" title="Bagel">Bagels</a> originated in Poland and became widespread during the migration of <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Poland" title="History of the Jews in Poland">Polish Jews</a>.</div></div></div></div></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1066933788" /><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks hlist"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Poland" title="Category:Poland">a series</a> on the</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="border-bottom: 1px solid #aaa"><span class="wraplinks"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Poland" title="Culture of Poland">Culture of Poland</a></span></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image photo"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Poland.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/100px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="63" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/150px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/200px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Poland" title="History of Poland">History</a></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_medieval_Poland" title="Culture of medieval Poland">Middle Ages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renaissance_in_Poland" title="Renaissance in Poland">Renaissance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baroque_in_Poland" title="Baroque in Poland">Baroque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enlightenment_in_Poland" class="mw-redirect" title="Enlightenment in Poland">Enlightenment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanticism_in_Poland" title="Romanticism in Poland">Romanticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_Positivism" title="Polish Positivism">Positivism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Young_Poland" title="Young Poland">Young Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_culture_in_the_Interbellum" title="Polish culture in the Interbellum">Interbellum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_culture_during_World_War_II" title="Polish culture during World War II">World War II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_in_the_Polish_People%27s_Republic" title="Culture in the Polish People's Republic">Polish People's Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_in_post-communist_Poland" title="Culture in post-communist Poland">Modern-day</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c"><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_groups_in_Poland" class="mw-redirect" title="Ethnic groups in Poland">People</a></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="excerpt-block"><div class="excerpt"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Polish_people" title="Polish people">Poles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_minorities_in_Poland" title="Ethnic minorities in Poland">Ethnic minorities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Refugees_in_Poland" title="Refugees in Poland">Refugees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Poland" title="Crime in Poland">Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Poland" title="Education in Poland">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_care_in_Poland" title="Health care in Poland">Health care</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Poland" title="Languages of Poland">Languages</a></li></ul></div></div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c"><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Poland" title="Languages of Poland">Languages</a></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Polish_language" title="Polish language">Polish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yiddish" title="Yiddish">Yiddish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_language" title="Lithuanian language">Lithuanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruthenian_language" title="Ruthenian language">Ruthenian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_language" title="Romani language">Romani</a> (<a href="/wiki/Baltic_Romani" title="Baltic Romani">Baltic Romani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carpathian_Romani" title="Carpathian Romani">North Central Romani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinte_Romani" title="Sinte Romani">Sinte Romani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vlax_Romani_language" title="Vlax Romani language">Vlax Romani</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silesian_language" title="Silesian language">Silesian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kashubian_language" title="Kashubian language">Kashubian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vilamovian_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Vilamovian language">Vilamovian</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="font-size:105%;line-height:1.6;"> <a href="/wiki/Cultural_history_of_Poland" title="Cultural history of Poland">Traditions</a></th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="font-size:105%;line-height:1.6;"> <a href="/wiki/Mythology_of_Poland" class="mw-redirect" title="Mythology of Poland">Mythology</a></th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="font-size:105%;line-height:1.6;"> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cuisine</a></th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="font-size:105%;line-height:1.6;"> <a href="/wiki/Music_of_Poland" title="Music of Poland">Festivals</a></th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="font-size:105%;line-height:1.6;"> <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Poland" title="Religion in Poland">Religion</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c"><a href="/wiki/Art_of_Poland" class="mw-redirect" title="Art of Poland">Art</a></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Polish_artists" title="List of Polish artists">Artists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Polish_painters" title="List of Polish painters">Painters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_Poland" title="Architecture of Poland">Architecture</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c"><a href="/wiki/Literature_of_Poland" class="mw-redirect" title="Literature of Poland">Literature</a></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Polish_comics" title="Polish comics">Comics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Polish-language_authors" title="List of Polish-language authors">Authors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Polish_language_poets" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Polish language poets">Poets</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c"><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Poland" title="Music of Poland">Music</a> and <a href="/wiki/Theatre_of_Poland" title="Theatre of Poland">performing arts</a></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Theatre_of_Poland" title="Theatre of Poland">Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Polish_composers" title="List of Polish composers">Composers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Polish_musicians" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Polish musicians">Musicians</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c"><a href="/wiki/Media_in_Poland" class="mw-redirect" title="Media in Poland">Media</a></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Radio_in_Poland" title="Radio in Poland">Radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_in_Poland" title="Television in Poland">Television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Poland" title="Cinema of Poland">Cinema</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c"><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_Poland" title="Sport in Poland">Sport</a></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Football_in_Poland" title="Football in Poland">Football</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Handball_in_Poland" title="Category:Handball in Poland">Handball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Horse_racing_in_Poland" title="Category:Horse racing in Poland">Horse Racing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Motorsport_in_Poland" title="Category:Motorsport in Poland">Motorsport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Volleyball_in_Poland" title="Category:Volleyball in Poland">Volleyball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Winter_sports_in_Poland" title="Category:Winter sports in Poland">Winter sports</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c"><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Poland" title="List of World Heritage Sites in Poland">Monuments</a></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Poland" title="List of World Heritage Sites in Poland">World Heritage Sites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_castles_in_Poland" title="List of castles in Poland">Castles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Historic_Monuments_(Poland)" title="List of Historic Monuments (Poland)">Historic Monuments</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c"><a href="/wiki/Symbols_of_Poland" class="mw-redirect" title="Symbols of Poland">Symbols</a></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Poland" title="Flag of Poland">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Poland" title="Coat of arms of Poland">Coat of arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_anthem_of_Poland" class="mw-redirect" title="National anthem of Poland">National anthem</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/16px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/24px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/32px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Poland" title="Portal:Poland">Poland portal</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output 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.navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Culture_of_Poland" title="Template:Culture of Poland"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Culture_of_Poland" title="Template talk:Culture of Poland"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Culture_of_Poland" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Culture of Poland"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Polish cuisine</b> (<a href="/wiki/Polish_language" title="Polish language">Polish</a>: <i lang="pl">kuchnia polska</i> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="pl-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Polish" title="Help:IPA/Polish">[ˈkux.ɲa<span class="wrap"> </span>ˈpɔl.ska]</a></span>) is a style of food preparation originating in and widely popular in <a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a>. Due to <a href="/wiki/History_of_Poland" title="History of Poland">Poland's history</a>, Polish cuisine has evolved over the centuries to be very eclectic, and shares many similarities with other national cuisines. Polish cooking in other cultures is often referred to as <i><b>à la polonaise</b></i>. </p><p>Polish cuisine is rich in meat, especially pork, chicken and game, in addition to a wide range of vegetables, spices, <a href="/wiki/Fungi" class="mw-redirect" title="Fungi">fungi</a> and mushrooms, and herbs.<sup id="cite_ref-polishmeals_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-polishmeals-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is also characterised by its use of various kinds of <a href="/wiki/Kluski" title="Kluski">pasta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cereal" title="Cereal">cereals</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kasza" class="mw-redirect" title="Kasza">kasha</a> and pulses.<sup id="cite_ref-websters_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-websters-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In general, Polish cuisine makes extensive use of butter, cream, eggs, and seasoning. Traditional dishes often demand lengthy preparation. Many <a href="/wiki/Polish_people" title="Polish people">Poles</a> take time to serve and enjoy their festive meals, especially <a href="/wiki/Christmas_Eve" title="Christmas Eve">Christmas Eve</a> dinner (<span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Wigilia" title="Wigilia">Wigilia</a></i></span>) on December 24, or <a href="/wiki/Easter" title="Easter">Easter</a> breakfast, both of which could take several days to prepare. </p><p>Among popular Polish national dishes are <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Bigos" title="Bigos">bigos</a></i></span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="pl-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Polish" title="Help:IPA/Polish">[ˈbiɡɔs]</a></span> <span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/e\/ee\/Pl-bigos.ogg\/Pl-bigos.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Pl-bigos.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ee/Pl-bigos.ogg/Pl-bigos.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:Pl-bigos.ogg" title="File:Pl-bigos.ogg">ⓘ</a></sup></span>, <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Pierogi" title="Pierogi">pierogi</a></i></span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="pl-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Polish" title="Help:IPA/Polish">[pʲɛˈrɔɡʲi]</a></span> <span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-2" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/e\/ef\/LL-Q809_%28pol%29-Poemat-pierogi.wav\/LL-Q809_%28pol%29-Poemat-pierogi.wav.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"LL-Q809 (pol)-Poemat-pierogi.wav"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ef/LL-Q809_%28pol%29-Poemat-pierogi.wav/LL-Q809_%28pol%29-Poemat-pierogi.wav.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:LL-Q809_(pol)-Poemat-pierogi.wav" title="File:LL-Q809 (pol)-Poemat-pierogi.wav">ⓘ</a></sup></span>, <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Kielbasa" title="Kielbasa">kiełbasa</a></i></span>, <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Kotlet_schabowy" title="Kotlet schabowy">kotlet schabowy</a></i></span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="pl-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Polish" title="Help:IPA/Polish">[ˈkɔtlɛt<span class="wrap"> </span>sxaˈbɔvɨ]</a></span> <span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-3" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/1\/1c\/LL-Q809_%28pol%29-Olaf-kotlet_schabowy.wav\/LL-Q809_%28pol%29-Olaf-kotlet_schabowy.wav.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"LL-Q809 (pol)-Olaf-kotlet schabowy.wav"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1c/LL-Q809_%28pol%29-Olaf-kotlet_schabowy.wav/LL-Q809_%28pol%29-Olaf-kotlet_schabowy.wav.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:LL-Q809_(pol)-Olaf-kotlet_schabowy.wav" title="File:LL-Q809 (pol)-Olaf-kotlet schabowy.wav">ⓘ</a></sup></span> (pork loin breaded cutlet), <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Go%C5%82%C4%85bki" title="Gołąbki">gołąbki</a></i></span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="pl-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Polish" title="Help:IPA/Polish">[ɡɔˈwɔ̃pkʲi]</a></span> <span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-4" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/2\/20\/LL-Q809_%28pol%29-Olaf-go%C5%82%C4%85bki.wav\/LL-Q809_%28pol%29-Olaf-go%C5%82%C4%85bki.wav.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"LL-Q809 (pol)-Olaf-go\u0142\u0105bki.wav"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/20/LL-Q809_%28pol%29-Olaf-go%C5%82%C4%85bki.wav/LL-Q809_%28pol%29-Olaf-go%C5%82%C4%85bki.wav.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:LL-Q809_(pol)-Olaf-go%C5%82%C4%85bki.wav" title="File:LL-Q809 (pol)-Olaf-gołąbki.wav">ⓘ</a></sup></span> (stuffed cabbage leaves), <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Zrazy" title="Zrazy">zrazy</a></i></span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="pl-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Polish" title="Help:IPA/Polish">[ˈzrazɨ]</a></span> (roulade), <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">zupa ogórkowa</i></span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="pl-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Polish" title="Help:IPA/Polish">[ˈzupa<span class="wrap"> </span>ɔɡurˈkɔva]</a></span> (sour <a href="/wiki/Cucumber_soup" title="Cucumber soup">cucumber soup</a>), <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">zupa grzybowa</i></span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="pl-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Polish" title="Help:IPA/Polish">[ˈzupa<span class="wrap"> </span>ɡʐɨˈbɔva]</a></span> (mushroom soup), <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">zupa pomidorowa</i></span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="pl-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Polish" title="Help:IPA/Polish">[ˈzupa<span class="wrap"> </span>pɔmidɔˈrɔva]</a></span> (<a href="/wiki/Tomato_soup" title="Tomato soup">tomato soup</a>),<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Ros%C3%B3%C5%82" title="Rosół">rosół</a></i></span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="pl-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Polish" title="Help:IPA/Polish">[ˈrɔsuw]</a></span> <span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-5" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/3\/39\/Pl-ros%C3%B3%C5%82.ogg\/Pl-ros%C3%B3%C5%82.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Pl-ros\u00f3\u0142.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/39/Pl-ros%C3%B3%C5%82.ogg/Pl-ros%C3%B3%C5%82.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:Pl-ros%C3%B3%C5%82.ogg" title="File:Pl-rosół.ogg">ⓘ</a></sup></span> (meat broth), <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/%C5%BBurek" class="mw-redirect" title="Żurek">żurek</a></i></span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="pl-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Polish" title="Help:IPA/Polish">[ˈʐurɛk]</a></span> <span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-6" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/a\/a8\/Pl-%C5%BCurek.ogg\/Pl-%C5%BCurek.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Pl-\u017curek.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a8/Pl-%C5%BCurek.ogg/Pl-%C5%BCurek.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:Pl-%C5%BCurek.ogg" title="File:Pl-żurek.ogg">ⓘ</a></sup></span> (sour rye soup), <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Flaki" title="Flaki">flaki</a></i></span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="pl-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Polish" title="Help:IPA/Polish">[ˈflakʲi]</a></span> <span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-7" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/f\/f4\/Pl-flaki.ogg\/Pl-flaki.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Pl-flaki.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f4/Pl-flaki.ogg/Pl-flaki.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:Pl-flaki.ogg" title="File:Pl-flaki.ogg">ⓘ</a></sup></span> (<a href="/wiki/Tripe_soup" title="Tripe soup">tripe soup</a>), and red beetroot soup <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Barszcz" class="mw-redirect" title="Barszcz">barszcz</a></i></span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="pl-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Polish" title="Help:IPA/Polish">[barʂt͡ʂ]</a></span> <span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-8" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/b\/b6\/Pl-barszcz.ogg\/Pl-barszcz.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Pl-barszcz.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b6/Pl-barszcz.ogg/Pl-barszcz.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:Pl-barszcz.ogg" title="File:Pl-barszcz.ogg">ⓘ</a></sup></span>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A traditional Polish dinner is composed of three courses, beginning with a soup like the popular <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Ros%C3%B3%C5%82" title="Rosół">rosół</a></i></span> broth or <a href="/wiki/Tomato_soup" title="Tomato soup">tomato soup</a>. In restaurants, soups are followed by an appetizer such as <a href="/wiki/Herring_as_food" title="Herring as food">herring</a> (prepared with either cream, oil, or in <a href="/wiki/Aspic" title="Aspic">aspic</a>), or other cured meats and chopped raw vegetable salads. The main course usually includes meat, such as a <a href="/wiki/Roast" class="mw-redirect" title="Roast">roast</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kotlet_schabowy" title="Kotlet schabowy">breaded pork cutlet</a>, or chicken, with a <a href="/wiki/Coleslaw" title="Coleslaw">coleslaw</a>-like <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">surówka</i></span> (<span class="IPA nowrap" lang="pl-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Polish" title="Help:IPA/Polish">[suˈrufka]</a></span>), shredded root vegetables with lemon and sugar (carrot, celeriac, <a href="/wiki/Searing" title="Searing">cooked</a> beetroot), <a href="/wiki/Sauerkraut" title="Sauerkraut">sauerkraut</a>, or <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Mizeria" title="Mizeria">mizeria</a></i></span> salad. The side dishes are usually boiled <a href="/wiki/Potatoes" class="mw-redirect" title="Potatoes">potatoes</a>, <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Kasza" class="mw-redirect" title="Kasza">kasza</a></i></span>, or less commonly, <a href="/wiki/Rice" title="Rice">rice</a>. Meals often conclude with a dessert of either a <a href="/wiki/Fruit_compote" class="mw-redirect" title="Fruit compote">fruit compote</a>, <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Poppy_seed_roll" title="Poppy seed roll">makowiec</a></i></span>, a <a href="/wiki/Poppy_seed" title="Poppy seed">poppy seed</a> pastry, <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Napoleonka" title="Napoleonka">napoleonka</a></i></span> <a href="/wiki/Mille-feuille" title="Mille-feuille">mille-feuille</a>, or <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">sernik</i></span> (<a href="/wiki/Cheesecake" title="Cheesecake">cheesecake</a>). </p><p>Internationally, if a Polish culinary tradition is used in other cuisines, it is referred to as <i>à la polonaise</i>, from the French, meaning 'Polish-style.' In <a href="/wiki/French_cuisine" title="French cuisine">French cuisine</a>, this term is used for techniques like using butter instead of cooking oil; frying vegetables with buttered breadcrumbs; using minced parsley and boiled eggs (<a href="/wiki/Polonaise_(sauce)" title="Polonaise (sauce)">Polonaise garnish</a>); and adding <a href="/wiki/Horseradish" title="Horseradish">horseradish</a>, lemon juice, or sour cream to sauces like <a href="/wiki/Velout%C3%A9_sauce" title="Velouté sauce">velouté</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886046785">.mw-parser-output .toclimit-2 .toclevel-1 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-3 .toclevel-2 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-4 .toclevel-3 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-5 .toclevel-4 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-6 .toclevel-5 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-7 .toclevel-6 ul{display:none}</style><div class="toclimit-2"><meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Polish_cuisine&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Middle_Ages">Middle Ages</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Polish_cuisine&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Middle Ages"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:857_food.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/857_food.JPG/180px-857_food.JPG" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/857_food.JPG/270px-857_food.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/857_food.JPG/360px-857_food.JPG 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Flaki" title="Flaki">Flaki</a></i></span> (or <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">flaczki</i></span>) is tripe soup, known since the <a href="/wiki/Middle_Ages" title="Middle Ages">Middle Ages</a> and favourite dish of king <a href="/wiki/Jogaila" class="mw-redirect" title="Jogaila">Jogaila</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Polish cuisine in the <a href="/wiki/Middle_Ages" title="Middle Ages">Middle Ages</a> was based on dishes made of agricultural produce and <a href="/wiki/Cereal" title="Cereal">cereal crops</a> (<a href="/wiki/Millet" title="Millet">millet</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rye" title="Rye">rye</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wheat" title="Wheat">wheat</a>), meats of wild and farm animals, fruits, forest fungi, berries and game, honey, herbs, and local spices. It was known above all for abundant use of salt from <a href="/wiki/Wieliczka_Salt_Mine" title="Wieliczka Salt Mine">Wieliczka Salt Mine</a> and permanent presence of <a href="/wiki/Groat_(grain)" title="Groat (grain)">groats</a> (<span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Kasza" class="mw-redirect" title="Kasza">kasza</a></i></span>). A high <a href="/wiki/Calorific_value" class="mw-redirect" title="Calorific value">calorific value</a> of dishes and drinking <a href="/wiki/Beer_in_Poland" title="Beer in Poland">beer</a> or <a href="/wiki/Mead_in_Poland" title="Mead in Poland">mead</a> as a basic drink was typical of Middle Ages Polish cuisine.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>During the Middle Ages Polish cuisine was heavy and spicy. Two main ingredients were meat (both <a href="/wiki/Game_(food)" class="mw-redirect" title="Game (food)">game</a> and beef) and cereal. The latter consisted initially of <a href="/wiki/Proso_millet" title="Proso millet">proso millet</a>, but in the Late Middle Ages other types of cereal became widely used. Most country people did not eat bread but consumed cereals in the form of <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">kasza</i></span> or various types of <a href="/wiki/Flatbread" title="Flatbread">flatbread</a>. Some of these (for instance <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Ko%C5%82acz" class="mw-redirect" title="Kołacz">kołacz</a></i></span>) are considered traditional recipes even in the 21st century. Apart from cereals, a large portion of the daily diet of mediaeval Poles consisted of pulses, mostly <a href="/wiki/Vicia_faba" title="Vicia faba">broad beans</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pea" title="Pea">peas</a>. As the territory of Poland was densely forested, usage of <a href="/wiki/Edible_mushroom" title="Edible mushroom">fungi</a>, forest berries, nuts, and wild honey was also widespread. Among the delicacies of the Polish nobility were honey-braised <a href="/wiki/Bear" title="Bear">bear</a> paws served with <a href="/wiki/Horseradish" title="Horseradish">horseradish</a>-flavoured salad, smoked bear tongue, and bear <a href="/wiki/Curing_(food_preservation)" title="Curing (food preservation)">bacon</a> (bears are now protected in Poland)<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="Need evidence that bears (previously ambiguously written as just "species") are protected in Poland. (Possibly meaning that is it illegal to kill and/or eat bears.) (December 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup>.<sup id="cite_ref-Strybel-350_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Strybel-350-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:PL_gingerbread_from_Torun.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/PL_gingerbread_from_Torun.jpg/180px-PL_gingerbread_from_Torun.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="98" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/PL_gingerbread_from_Torun.jpg/270px-PL_gingerbread_from_Torun.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/PL_gingerbread_from_Torun.jpg/360px-PL_gingerbread_from_Torun.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1878" data-file-height="1020" /></a><figcaption><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Toru%C5%84_gingerbread" title="Toruń gingerbread">Pierniki</a></i></span> (Polish gingerbread) from <a href="/wiki/Toru%C5%84" title="Toruń">Toruń</a>, 14th-century recipe</figcaption></figure> <p>Owing to close trade relations with Turkey and the countries in the Caucasus, the price of <a href="/wiki/Spice" title="Spice">spices</a> (such as <a href="/wiki/Black_pepper" title="Black pepper">black pepper</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nutmeg" title="Nutmeg">nutmeg</a>) was much lower in Poland than the rest of <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a>, hence spicy sauces became popular. The usage of two basic sauces, the <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">jucha czerwoná</i></span> and <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">jucha szará</i></span> (meaning "red" and "gray blood" in <a href="/wiki/Old_Polish" title="Old Polish">Old Polish</a>), remained widespread at least until the 18th century.<sup id="cite_ref-Nowak_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nowak-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Daily beverages included milk, <a href="/wiki/Whey" title="Whey">whey</a>, <a href="/wiki/Buttermilk" title="Buttermilk">buttermilk</a>, and various herbal <a href="/wiki/Infusion" title="Infusion">infusions</a>. The most popular alcoholic beverages were <a href="/wiki/Beer" title="Beer">beer</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mead" title="Mead">mead</a>; however, in the 16th century, upper classes began to import <a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungarian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Silesia" title="Silesia">Silesian</a> <a href="/wiki/Wine" title="Wine">wines</a>. Mead was so widespread that in the 13th century Prince <a href="/wiki/Leszek_I_the_White" title="Leszek I the White">Leszek I the White</a> explained to the <a href="/wiki/Pope" title="Pope">Pope</a> that Polish knights could not participate in a <a href="/wiki/Crusade" class="mw-redirect" title="Crusade">crusade</a> as there was no mead in the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Land" title="Holy Land">Holy Land</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-beer100_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-beer100-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Also, <a href="/wiki/Vodka" title="Vodka">vodka</a> became popular, possibly among the lower classes first. There is written evidence suggesting that vodka originated in Poland. The word "vodka" was recorded for the first time ever in 1405 in <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Akta Grodzkie</i></span>,<sup id="cite_ref-KRPS_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KRPS-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the court documents from the <a href="/wiki/Sandomierz_Voivodship" class="mw-redirect" title="Sandomierz Voivodship">Palatinate of Sandomierz</a> in Poland.<sup id="cite_ref-KRPS_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KRPS-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At that time, the word <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">wódka</i></span> (vodka) referred to chemical compounds such as <a href="/wiki/Medicine" title="Medicine">medicines</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cosmetics" title="Cosmetics">cosmetic</a> cleansers, while the popular beverage was called <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">gorzałka</i></span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="pl-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Polish" title="Help:IPA/Polish">[ɡɔˈʐawka]</a></span> (from the <a href="/wiki/Old_Polish" title="Old Polish">Old Polish</a> <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">gorzeć</i></span>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Renaissance">Renaissance</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Polish_cuisine&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Renaissance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Italian-born Queen <a href="/wiki/Bona_Sforza" title="Bona Sforza">Bona Sforza</a> (second wife of <a href="/wiki/Sigismund_I_the_Old" title="Sigismund I the Old">Sigismund I of Poland</a>), brought Italian cooks with her court to Poland after 1518. Although native vegetable foods were an ancient and intrinsic part of Polish cuisine, there began a period in which vegetables like <a href="/wiki/Lettuce" title="Lettuce">lettuce</a>, <a href="/wiki/Leek" title="Leek">leeks</a>, <a href="/wiki/Celeriac" title="Celeriac">celeriac</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cabbage" title="Cabbage">cabbage</a>, carrots, onions (cipolla/cebula) and especially, tomatoes (pomo d'oro/pomidory), were introduced. Even today, some of those vegetables are referred to in <a href="/wiki/Polish_language" title="Polish language">Polish</a> as <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">włoszczyzna</i></span>, a word derived from <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Włochy</i></span>, the Polish name of <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a>. During this period, the use of spices — which arrived in Poland via Western Asian trade routes was common among those who could afford them, and dishes considered elegant could be very spicy. However, the idea that Queen Bona was the first to introduce vegetables to Poland is false. While her southern cooks may have helped elevate and expand the role of various vegetables in royal Polish cuisine, records show that the court of king <a href="/wiki/Jogaila" class="mw-redirect" title="Jogaila">Jogaila</a> (<a href="/wiki/Polish_language" title="Polish language">Polish</a>: <i lang="pl">Władysław II Jagiełło</i>, who died in 1434, over 80 years before her reign) enjoyed a variety of vegetables including lettuce, beets, cabbage, turnip, carrots, peas, and cauliflower. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:07715_ogorki_kiszone.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/07715_ogorki_kiszone.jpg/200px-07715_ogorki_kiszone.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/07715_ogorki_kiszone.jpg/300px-07715_ogorki_kiszone.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/07715_ogorki_kiszone.jpg/400px-07715_ogorki_kiszone.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Og%C3%B3rki_kiszone" class="mw-redirect" title="Ogórki kiszone">Ogórki kiszone</a></i></span> (brine-pickled cucumbers)</figcaption></figure> <p>Polish-style <a href="/wiki/Pickled_cucumber" title="Pickled cucumber">pickled cucumber</a> (<span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">ogórek kiszony</i></span>) is a variety developed in the northern part of <a href="/wiki/Central_Europe" title="Central Europe">Central Europe</a>. It was exported worldwide and is found in the cuisines of many countries. It is usually preserved in wooden barrels. A cucumber only pickled for a few days is different in taste (less sour) than one pickled for a longer time and is called <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">ogórek małosolny</i></span> (<abbr style="font-size:85%" title="literal translation">lit.</abbr><span style="white-space: nowrap;"> </span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span><span class="gloss-text">lightly salted gherkin</span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span>). Another kind of pickled gherkin popular in <a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a> is <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">ogórek konserwowy</i></span> (<abbr style="font-size:85%" title="literal translation">lit.</abbr><span style="white-space: nowrap;"> </span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span><span class="gloss-text">preserved gherkin</span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span>), which is preserved with vinegar rather than pickled and uses different spices creating a sweet and sour taste, and well-known in Jewish cuisine. </p><p>The court of Queen Bona followed the Italian fashion, because she exclusively employed Italian chefs, some of whom were originally hired to prepare parties for aristocratic families but who were soon serving typical Italian dishes as part of the court's daily menu. Court records show that Queen Bona imported large volumes of southern European, American, and Western Asian fruits (oranges, lemons, pomegranates, olives, figs, tomatoes), vegetables (potatoes and corn), nuts (chestnuts, raisins, and almonds, including <a href="/wiki/Marzipan" title="Marzipan">marzipan</a>), along with grains (such as rice), cane sugar, and Italian olive oil. The court also imported various herbs and spices including black pepper, fennel, saffron, ginger, nutmeg, cloves, and cinnamon.<sup id="cite_ref-wplywy_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wplywy-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Polish–Lithuanian_Commonwealth"><span id="The_Polish.E2.80.93Lithuanian_Commonwealth"></span>The Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Polish_cuisine&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: The Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Compendium_ferculorum.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Compendium_ferculorum.jpg/200px-Compendium_ferculorum.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="257" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Compendium_ferculorum.jpg/300px-Compendium_ferculorum.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Compendium_ferculorum.jpg/400px-Compendium_ferculorum.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1824" data-file-height="2344" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Compendium_ferculorum,_albo_Zebranie_potraw" title="Compendium ferculorum, albo Zebranie potraw">Compendium ferculorum, albo Zebranie potraw</a> ("Collection of Dishes") is the oldest extant Polish cookbook, from 1682.</figcaption></figure> <p>Until the <a href="/wiki/Partitions_of_Poland" title="Partitions of Poland">Partitions</a> perpetrated by the neighboring empires, <a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a> was one of the largest countries in the world, and encompassed many regions with its own, distinctive culinary traditions.<sup id="cite_ref-wplywy_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wplywy-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Two consecutive Polish kings, <a href="/wiki/W%C5%82adys%C5%82aw_IV_Vasa" title="Władysław IV Vasa">Władysław IV</a> and <a href="/wiki/John_II_Casimir" class="mw-redirect" title="John II Casimir">John II Casimir</a> (<a href="/wiki/Polish_language" title="Polish language">Polish</a>: <i lang="pl">Jan II Kazimierz Waza</i>) married the same French Duchess, <a href="/wiki/Marie_Louise_Gonzaga" title="Marie Louise Gonzaga">Marie Louise Gonzaga</a> (<a href="/wiki/Polish_language" title="Polish language">Polish</a>: <i lang="pl">Ludwika Maria</i>), daughter of <a href="/wiki/Charles_I,_Duke_of_Mantua" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles I, Duke of Mantua">Charles I, Duke of Mantua</a>; she was persecuted by King <a href="/wiki/Louis_XIII_of_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis XIII of France">Louis XIII of France</a> for her affiance to his opponent <a href="/wiki/Gaston,_Duke_of_Orl%C3%A9ans" title="Gaston, Duke of Orléans">Gaston, Duke of Orléans</a>. Marie Louise arrived in Warsaw in 1646, was widowed, and married again in 1649.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Writing_better_articles#Stay_on_topic" title="Wikipedia:Writing better articles"><span title="The material near this tag may contain information that is not relevant to the article's main topic. Do we need all these historical details of Marie Louise? (December 2022)">relevant?</span></a></i>]</sup> Ludwika brought along with her a court full of Frenchmen including courtiers, secretaries, army officers, physicians, merchants, craftsmen, as well as many cooks.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Records show that her visiting guests were entertained with game, fowl (<a href="/wiki/Waxwing" title="Waxwing">waxwings</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fieldfare" title="Fieldfare">fieldfares</a>, <a href="/wiki/Snow_bunting" title="Snow bunting">snow bunting</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hazel_grouse" title="Hazel grouse">hazel grouse</a>, <a href="/wiki/Partridge" title="Partridge">partridges</a>, <a href="/wiki/Black_grouse" title="Black grouse">black grouse</a>, <a href="/wiki/Capercaillie" class="mw-redirect" title="Capercaillie">capercaillies</a>), fish and mollusks (<a href="/wiki/Loach" title="Loach">loach</a>, various <a href="/wiki/Trout" title="Trout">trout</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thymallus_thymallus" title="Thymallus thymallus">grayling</a>, fresh and smoked <a href="/wiki/Salmon_as_food" title="Salmon as food">salmon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Flounder" title="Flounder">flounder</a>, salted <a href="/wiki/Herring_as_food" title="Herring as food">herring</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lamprey" title="Lamprey">lampreys</a> in vinegar, <a href="/wiki/Oyster" title="Oyster">oysters</a>, <a href="/wiki/Snails_as_food" title="Snails as food">snails</a>), and Genoese <a href="/wiki/P%C3%A2t%C3%A9" title="Pâté">pâté</a>, not to mention fresh fruit and <a href="/wiki/Chestnut" title="Chestnut">chestnuts</a>. French and Italian wines were served, as well as <a href="/wiki/Mead" title="Mead">mead</a> and local beers. These dishes were made only according to French recipes. The royal court, with all its innovations, exerted a broad influence over the rest of aristocratic residences and noble palaces across Poland. French cuisine was in fashion and many families willingly employed French cooks and patissiers. In the mid-18th century, French <a href="/wiki/Champagne_(wine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Champagne (wine)">champagne</a> appeared on Polish tables.<sup id="cite_ref-wplywy_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wplywy-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Among the most influential regional cuisines under the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth were <a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_cuisine" title="Lithuanian cuisine">Lithuanian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jewish_cuisine" title="Jewish cuisine">Jewish</a>, <a href="/wiki/German_cuisine" title="German cuisine">German</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Hungarian_cuisine" title="Hungarian cuisine">Hungarian cuisine</a>, as well as <a href="/wiki/Armenian_cuisine" title="Armenian cuisine">Armenian cuisine</a>, which arrived in Poland before the 17th century along with many settlers, especially in the south-eastern part of the <a href="/wiki/Polish%E2%80%93Lithuanian_Commonwealth" title="Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth">Commonwealth</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-wplywy_12-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wplywy-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Signature dishes of Western Asia reached Polish tables thanks to the Armenian trade and cultural exchange with Poland's neighbor: the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a>. Rare delicacies were brought to royal court as gifts from sultans and royal envoys. The strongest influences were noted in the cities of <a href="/wiki/Lw%C3%B3w" class="mw-redirect" title="Lwów">Lwów</a>, <a href="/wiki/Krak%C3%B3w" title="Kraków">Kraków</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kamieniec_Podolski" class="mw-redirect" title="Kamieniec Podolski">Kamieniec Podolski</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Zamo%C5%9B%C4%87" title="Zamość">Zamość</a> due to many Armenians living there permanently.<sup id="cite_ref-wplywy_12-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wplywy-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Also, because of the close contact with the Ottoman Empire, <a href="/wiki/Coffee" title="Coffee">coffee</a> (<span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">kawa</i></span>) and <a href="/wiki/Boza" title="Boza">boza</a> became popular. </p><p>With the subsequent decline of Poland, and the grain crisis that followed <a href="/wiki/The_Deluge_(Polish_history)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Deluge (Polish history)">The Swedish Deluge</a>, potatoes began to replace the traditional use of cereals. The oldest surviving Polish cookbook, <i><a href="/wiki/Compendium_ferculorum,_albo_Zebranie_potraw" title="Compendium ferculorum, albo Zebranie potraw">Compendium ferculorum, albo Zebranie potraw</a></i> ("Collection of Dishes") by <a href="/wiki/Stanis%C5%82aw_Czerniecki" title="Stanisław Czerniecki">Stanisław Czerniecki</a> was published in Kraków in 1682.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Under the Partitions, the cuisine of <a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a> became heavily influenced by cuisines of surrounding empires. This included <a href="/wiki/Russian_cuisine" title="Russian cuisine">Russian</a> and <a href="/wiki/German_cuisine" title="German cuisine">German</a> cuisines, but also the culinary traditions of most nations of the <a href="/wiki/Austria-Hungary" title="Austria-Hungary">Austro-Hungarian</a> empire. The 19th century also saw the creation of many Polish cookbooks, by Jan Szyttler, <a href="/wiki/Anna_Ciundziewicka" title="Anna Ciundziewicka">Anna Ciundziewicka</a>, Wincenta Zawadzka, <a href="/wiki/Lucyna_%C4%86wierczakiewiczowa" title="Lucyna Ćwierczakiewiczowa">Lucyna Ćwierczakiewiczowa</a>, and others.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="After_World_War_II">After World War II</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Polish_cuisine&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: After World War II"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pierogi_in_london_feb_10.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Pierogi_in_london_feb_10.jpg/200px-Pierogi_in_london_feb_10.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Pierogi_in_london_feb_10.jpg/300px-Pierogi_in_london_feb_10.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Pierogi_in_london_feb_10.jpg/400px-Pierogi_in_london_feb_10.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption>Most enduring of Polish culinary traditions are <a href="/wiki/Pierogi" title="Pierogi">pierogi</a>, a national dish of Poland, originating in the ancient culinary traditions of Poland's former eastern territories (<a href="/wiki/Kresy" title="Kresy">Kresy</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>After the end of <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, Poland became a communist country which joined the <a href="/wiki/Warsaw_Pact" title="Warsaw Pact">Warsaw Pact</a>. Some restaurants were <a href="/wiki/Nationalization" title="Nationalization">nationalized</a>. The communists envisioned a network of <a href="/wiki/Lunch_room" class="mw-redirect" title="Lunch room">lunch rooms</a> called "bufet" for the workers at various companies, and <a href="/wiki/Bar_mleczny" title="Bar mleczny">milk bars</a> for the public. The majority of restaurants that survived the 1940s and 1950s were state-owned. Workplace canteens promoted mostly inexpensive meals, including soups, meatballs and pork chops, and staples such as <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">placki ziemniaczane</i></span> / <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">kartoflane</i></span> (potato pancakes), <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">placki z jablkami</i></span> (apple pancakes), <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">kopytka</i></span> (potato gnocchi), <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">leniwe</i></span> (farmer's cheese gnocchi served as a sweet), and <a href="/wiki/Pierogi" title="Pierogi">pierogi</a>. A typical second course consisted of meat cutlet served with potatoes or buckwheat and <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">surówka</i></span> (raw, julienned vegetables). The popular Polish <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">kotlet schabowy</i></span> is a <a href="/wiki/Breaded_cutlet" title="Breaded cutlet">breaded cutlet</a> similar to the Austrian <a href="/wiki/Wiener_schnitzel" title="Wiener schnitzel">Wiener schnitzel</a> and the Italian and Spanish <a href="/wiki/Milanesa" title="Milanesa">Milanesa</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>With time, the <a href="/wiki/Shortage_economy" title="Shortage economy">shortage economy</a> led to scarcity of <a href="/wiki/Meat" title="Meat">meat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Coffee" title="Coffee">coffee</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tea" title="Tea">tea</a>, and other basic ingredients. Many products like <a href="/wiki/Chocolate" title="Chocolate">chocolate</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sugar" title="Sugar">sugar</a>, and meat were rationed, with a specific limit depending on social class and health requirements. Physical workers and pregnant women were generally entitled to more food products. Imports were restricted, so much of the food supply was domestic. Cuisine became homogeneous, to be a chef was no longer a prestigious profession, and for decades the country became basically disconnected from any foreign cuisine.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tropical fruits (such as citrus, <a href="/wiki/Banana" title="Banana">banana</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Pineapple" title="Pineapple">pineapple</a>) were available during holidays, while local fruits and vegetables were mostly seasonal but were available at private stands. For most of the year, people had to get by with only domestic winter fruit and vegetables: apples, plums, currants, onions, potatoes, cabbage, root vegetables, and frozen products. Other food products (of foreign origins) were seldom available at markets at high prices. </p><p>This situation led in turn to gradual replacement of traditional Polish cuisine with food prepared from anything available at the time. Among popular dishes introduced by public restaurants were <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">kotlet mielony</i></span> (meatballs), a sort of <a href="/wiki/Hamburger" title="Hamburger">hamburger</a> often served with beetroot puree and raw carrots. The traditional recipes were mostly observed during the <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Wigilia" title="Wigilia">Wigilia</a></i></span> feast (<a href="/wiki/Christmas_Eve" title="Christmas Eve">Christmas Eve</a>), for which many families tried to prepare 12 traditional courses.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A popular form of fish dish was, and still is, the <a href="/wiki/Paprykarz_szczeci%C5%84ski" class="mw-redirect" title="Paprykarz szczeciński">paprikash</a> (<span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">paprykarz szczeciński</i></span>) from the port city of <a href="/wiki/Szczecin" title="Szczecin">Szczecin</a>, usually added to sandwiches as a spread.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Polish_%22Zapiekanka%22.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Polish_%22Zapiekanka%22.jpg/200px-Polish_%22Zapiekanka%22.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Polish_%22Zapiekanka%22.jpg/300px-Polish_%22Zapiekanka%22.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Polish_%22Zapiekanka%22.jpg/400px-Polish_%22Zapiekanka%22.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Zapiekanka" title="Zapiekanka">Zapiekanka</a></i></span>, a long loaf sandwich with melted cheese, meat, mushrooms, onions, and ketchup. A popular <a href="/wiki/Street_food" title="Street food">street food</a> to this day which originated in the 1970s.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Modern_era">Modern era</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Polish_cuisine&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Modern era"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>With the <a href="/wiki/Fall_of_communism_in_Poland" class="mw-redirect" title="Fall of communism in Poland">fall of communism in Poland</a> in 1989, a wave of new restaurants opened, and basic foodstuffs were once again readily obtainable. This led to a gradual return of the rich traditional Polish cuisine, both in home cooking and in restaurants. At the same time, restaurants and supermarkets promoted the use of ingredients typical of other cuisines of the world. Among the most notable foods to become commonplace in Poland were <a href="/wiki/Cucurbitaceae" title="Cucurbitaceae">cucurbits</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zucchini" title="Zucchini">zucchini</a>, and many kinds of fish. During communist times, fresh fish was available essentially only in the seaside towns. </p><p>Recent years have seen the advent of the <a href="/wiki/Slow_food" class="mw-redirect" title="Slow food">slow food</a> movement, and a number of TV programmes devoted to cooking, both traditional and modern, have gained in popularity. In 2011, a nostalgic cookbook (written in English) combining a child's memories growing up in the <a href="/wiki/Edward_Gierek" title="Edward Gierek">Gierek</a> era with traditional Polish recipes was published in <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>American fast food in Poland, often <a href="/wiki/McDonald%27s" title="McDonald's">McDonald's</a>, <a href="/wiki/KFC" title="KFC">KFC</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Pizza_Hut" title="Pizza Hut">Pizza Hut</a>, are in decline as <a href="/wiki/Polish_people" title="Polish people">Polish</a> people prefer their own cuisine, including <a href="/wiki/Fast_food" title="Fast food">fast food</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Meanwhile, <a href="/wiki/Doner_kebab" title="Doner kebab">doner kebabs</a> are gaining popularity. Nonetheless, in most of Poland one can still get traditional and very popular Polish street food such as the <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Zapiekanka" title="Zapiekanka">zapiekanka</a></i></span>, a pizza-like baguette with cheese, mushrooms, onion, <a href="/wiki/Ketchup" title="Ketchup">ketchup</a>, and sometimes meat. There are also many small-scale, quick-service restaurants which serve <a href="/wiki/Kebab" title="Kebab">kebabs</a>, hamburgers, hot dogs, and Polish <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">kiełbasa</i></span> (sausage). In the southern mountainous region, <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Oscypek" title="Oscypek">oscypek</a></i></span> served with cranberry jam is a popular street food. </p><p>In a 2023 survey on "100 Best Cuisines in the World" conducted by <a href="/wiki/TasteAtlas" title="TasteAtlas">TasteAtlas</a>, Polish cuisine was ranked 11th.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Holiday_meals">Holiday meals</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Polish_cuisine&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Holiday meals"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Christmas_dishes">Christmas dishes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Polish_cuisine&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Christmas dishes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Wigilia" title="Wigilia">Wigilia</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Uszka-aasica.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Uszka-aasica.jpg/200px-Uszka-aasica.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Uszka-aasica.jpg/300px-Uszka-aasica.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Uszka-aasica.jpg/400px-Uszka-aasica.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Barszcz" class="mw-redirect" title="Barszcz">Barszcz</a> z <a href="/wiki/Uszka" title="Uszka">uszkami</a></i></span>, one of the traditional <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Wigilia</i></span> dishes</figcaption></figure> <p>Traditional <a href="/wiki/Christmas_Eve" title="Christmas Eve">Christmas Eve</a> dinner called <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Wigilia" title="Wigilia">Wigilia</a></i></span> is meat free, though with fish and usually consists of <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">barszcz</i></span> (<a href="/wiki/Borscht" title="Borscht">borscht</a>) with <a href="/wiki/Uszka" title="Uszka">uszka</a> (small dumplings)—a classic Polish Christmas Eve starter—followed by dishes such as fried <a href="/wiki/Carp" title="Carp">carp</a> or cod with apple, leeks and raw salads. Traditionally, carp (fried or Jewish style) provides a main component of the Christmas Eve meal across Poland. Other popular dishes, eaten on ensuing days, include pickled <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_herring" title="Atlantic herring">matjas herring</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rollmops" title="Rollmops">rollmops</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pierogi" title="Pierogi">pierogi</a> with <a href="/wiki/Sauerkraut" title="Sauerkraut">sauerkraut</a> and forest <a href="/wiki/Edible_mushroom" title="Edible mushroom">mushrooms</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fish_soup" title="Fish soup">fish soup</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kielbasa" title="Kielbasa">kielbasa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ham" title="Ham">hams</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bigos" title="Bigos">bigos</a> (savory stew of cabbage and meat), and vegetable salads. Among popular desserts are <a href="/wiki/Gingerbread" title="Gingerbread">gingerbread</a>, cheesecake, various fruits such as <a href="/wiki/Orange_(fruit)" title="Orange (fruit)">oranges</a>, poppy seed cake, <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Poppy_seed_roll" title="Poppy seed roll">makowiec</a></i></span> (<span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">makówki</i></span> in <a href="/wiki/Silesia" title="Silesia">Silesia</a>), fruit <a href="/wiki/Kompot" title="Kompot">kompot</a>, and <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Kluski" title="Kluski">kluski</a></i></span> with poppyseed and gingerbread. Regional dishes include <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/%C5%BBurek" class="mw-redirect" title="Żurek">żurek</a></i></span>, <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Siemieniotka" title="Siemieniotka">siemieniotka</a></i></span> (in <a href="/wiki/Silesia" title="Silesia">Silesia</a>), and <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Ko%C5%82duny" class="mw-redirect" title="Kołduny">kołduny</a></i></span>, stuffed dumplings with mushrooms or meat from the eastern regions.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fat_Thursday">Fat Thursday</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Polish_cuisine&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Fat Thursday"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Polish_paczki.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Polish_paczki.jpg/200px-Polish_paczki.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Polish_paczki.jpg/300px-Polish_paczki.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Polish_paczki.jpg/400px-Polish_paczki.jpg 2x" data-file-width="754" data-file-height="617" /></a><figcaption><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/P%C4%85czki" title="Pączki">Pączki</a></i></span> or <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">kreple</i></span>, filled doughnut</figcaption></figure> <p><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><b>Tłusty Czwartek</b></i></span>, or "Fat Thursday", is a Polish culinary custom on the last Thursday before <a href="/wiki/Lent" title="Lent">Lent</a>, equivalent to <a href="/wiki/Pancake_Day" class="mw-redirect" title="Pancake Day">Pancake Day</a>. Traditionally, it is an occasion to enjoy sweets and cakes before the forty days of abstinence expected of Catholics until <a href="/wiki/Easter_Day" class="mw-redirect" title="Easter Day">Easter Day</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The most popular sweetmeats on 'Fat Thursday' are <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/P%C4%85czki" title="Pączki">pączki</a></i></span>, Polish doughnuts, and <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">faworki</i></span> (sometimes called <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">chrust</i></span>), equivalent to the French <a href="/wiki/Beignet" title="Beignet">beignets</a>. Traditional Polish doughnuts are filled with rose petal jam, plum jam, or stewed apple and covered with icing with orange peel or powdered with <a href="/wiki/Icing_sugar" class="mw-redirect" title="Icing sugar">icing sugar</a>. Fat Thursday used to mark the beginning of a "Fat Week", a period of great gluttony during which Polish ancestors consumed dishes served with <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">smalec</i></span> (lard), bacon, and all kinds of meat.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The original doughnuts, popular until the 16th century, were made of the same dough as bread, and would be filled with pork and fried on <i><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">smalec</i></span></i>. Only later were they made as patisserie.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Easter_breakfast">Easter breakfast</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Polish_cuisine&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Easter breakfast"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/%C5%9Awi%C4%99conka" title="Święconka">Święconka</a></div> <p>A typical <a href="/wiki/Easter" title="Easter">Easter</a> breakfast often consists of cold-cuts served with horseradish sauce and beetroot salads, breads, <a href="/wiki/Bigos" title="Bigos">bigos</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C5%BBurek" class="mw-redirect" title="Żurek">żurek</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kie%C5%82basa" class="mw-redirect" title="Kiełbasa">kiełbasa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Smoked_salmon" title="Smoked salmon">smoked salmon</a> or <a href="/wiki/Herring_(food)" class="mw-redirect" title="Herring (food)">herring</a>, marinated vegetable salads, Easter salad (chopped boiled eggs, <a href="/wiki/Green_peas" class="mw-redirect" title="Green peas">green peas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chrain" title="Chrain">ćwikła</a>, <a href="/wiki/Carrot" title="Carrot">carrot</a>, <a href="/wiki/Apple" title="Apple">apple</a>, <a href="/wiki/Potato" title="Potato">potato</a>, <a href="/wiki/Parsley" title="Parsley">parsley</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Mayonnaise" title="Mayonnaise">mayonnaise</a>), <a href="/wiki/Coffee" title="Coffee">coffee</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tea" title="Tea">tea</a> and cakes (such as chocolate cake), <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Poppy_seed_roll" title="Poppy seed roll">makowiec</a></i></span>, <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Mazurek_(cake)" title="Mazurek (cake)">mazurek</a></i></span>, and <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Sernik" class="mw-redirect" title="Sernik">sernik</a></i></span>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Regional_cuisines">Regional cuisines</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Polish_cuisine&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Regional cuisines"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Poland has a number of unique regional cuisines with differences in preparation and ingredients. For an extensive list of the dishes typical of <a href="/wiki/Galicia_(Central_Europe)" class="mw-redirect" title="Galicia (Central Europe)">Galicia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kresy" title="Kresy">Kresy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Podlaskie" class="mw-redirect" title="Podlaskie">Podlaskie</a>, <a href="/wiki/Masovia" class="mw-redirect" title="Masovia">Masovia</a> (including <a href="/wiki/Warsaw" title="Warsaw">Warsaw</a>), <a href="/wiki/Masuria" title="Masuria">Masuria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pomerania" title="Pomerania">Pomerania</a>, <a href="/wiki/Silesia" title="Silesia">Silesia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lesser_Poland" title="Lesser Poland">Lesser Poland</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Tatra_mountains" class="mw-redirect" title="Tatra mountains">Tatra mountains</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Greater_Poland" title="Greater Poland">Greater Poland</a>, see the <a href="/wiki/List_of_Polish_cuisine_dishes" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Polish cuisine dishes">List of Polish cuisine dishes</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Greater_Poland">Greater Poland</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Polish_cuisine&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Greater Poland"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Typical for Greater Poland are various dishes using potatoes – especially <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pyry_z_gzikiem&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pyry z gzikiem (page does not exist)">pyry z gzikiem</a></i> (potatoes with quark cheese mixed with sour cream, onions and chieves). Popular are also poultry dishes like <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kaczka_po_pozna%C5%84sku&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kaczka po poznańsku (page does not exist)">kaczka po poznańsku</a></i> (duck meat with red cabbage and steam-cooked dumplings), <i><a href="/wiki/Czernina" title="Czernina">czernina</a></i> (duck blood soup) and goose meat eaten on the Saint Martin's Day. </p><p>Other famous specialities include <i><a href="/wiki/St._Martin%27s_croissant" title="St. Martin's croissant">rogale świętomarcińskie</a></i> (croissants filled with white poppy seeds), <a href="/wiki/Hauskyjza" title="Hauskyjza">fried cheese</a> and a beer <a href="/wiki/Grodziskie" title="Grodziskie">Grodziskie</a>/Grätzer (made from oak-smoked wheat malt and with a low alcohol content). </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kartoffeln-quark.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Pyry z gzikiem"><img alt="Pyry z gzikiem" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Kartoffeln-quark.jpg/120px-Kartoffeln-quark.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="77" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Kartoffeln-quark.jpg/180px-Kartoffeln-quark.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Kartoffeln-quark.jpg/240px-Kartoffeln-quark.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="645" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Pyry z gzikiem</i></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Polish_St._Martin%27s_croissant_(Rogal_%C5%9Bwi%C4%99tomarci%C5%84ski),_halved.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Rogal świętomarciński"><img alt="Rogal świętomarciński" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Polish_St._Martin%27s_croissant_%28Rogal_%C5%9Bwi%C4%99tomarci%C5%84ski%29%2C_halved.jpg/120px-Polish_St._Martin%27s_croissant_%28Rogal_%C5%9Bwi%C4%99tomarci%C5%84ski%29%2C_halved.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Polish_St._Martin%27s_croissant_%28Rogal_%C5%9Bwi%C4%99tomarci%C5%84ski%29%2C_halved.jpg/180px-Polish_St._Martin%27s_croissant_%28Rogal_%C5%9Bwi%C4%99tomarci%C5%84ski%29%2C_halved.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Polish_St._Martin%27s_croissant_%28Rogal_%C5%9Bwi%C4%99tomarci%C5%84ski%29%2C_halved.jpg/240px-Polish_St._Martin%27s_croissant_%28Rogal_%C5%9Bwi%C4%99tomarci%C5%84ski%29%2C_halved.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5472" data-file-height="3648" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/St._Martin%27s_croissant" title="St. Martin's croissant">Rogal świętomarciński</a></i></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Piwo_z_Grodziska_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Grodziskie beer"><img alt="Grodziskie beer" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Piwo_z_Grodziska_2.jpg/90px-Piwo_z_Grodziska_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Piwo_z_Grodziska_2.jpg/135px-Piwo_z_Grodziska_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Piwo_z_Grodziska_2.jpg/180px-Piwo_z_Grodziska_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3009" data-file-height="4000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Grodziskie" title="Grodziskie">Grodziskie</a> beer</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lesser_Poland">Lesser Poland</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Polish_cuisine&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Lesser Poland"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The city of <a href="/wiki/Krak%C3%B3w" title="Kraków">Kraków</a> is famous for its sausage <i><a href="/wiki/Krak%C3%B3w_sausage" title="Kraków sausage">kiełbasa krakowska</a></i> and meat sandwich <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maczanka_krakowska&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maczanka krakowska (page does not exist)">maczanka krakowska</a></i>. Typical are also some Austrian influences due to the fact, that the city belonged in the second half of the 19th century and at the beginning of the 20th century to <a href="/wiki/Austria-Hungary" title="Austria-Hungary">Austria-Hungary</a>. They include <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pischinger&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pischinger (page does not exist)">Pischinger</a></i> cake and pork cutlet <i><a href="/wiki/Kotlet_schabowy" title="Kotlet schabowy">kotlet schabowy</a></i> (today popular in the whole Poland). Popular street foods are bagels <i><a href="/wiki/Obwarzanki" class="mw-redirect" title="Obwarzanki">obwarzanki</a></i> and baked sandwiches <i><a href="/wiki/Zapiekanka" title="Zapiekanka">zapiekanki</a></i> sold on the Plac Nowy square. </p><p>The area near <a href="/wiki/Nowy_S%C4%85cz" title="Nowy Sącz">Nowy Sącz</a> and <a href="/wiki/Limanowa" title="Limanowa">Limanowa</a> is rich in quality plums; popular are prunes called <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suska_sechlo%C5%84ska&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Suska sechlońska (page does not exist)">suska sechlońska</a></i> and plum brandy <a href="/wiki/Slivovitz" title="Slivovitz">slivovitz</a>. </p><p>The mountain areas of Lesser Poland, especially Podhale, are famous for its sheep milk cheeses like <i><a href="/wiki/Bundz" title="Bundz">bundz</a></i>, creamy <i><a href="/wiki/Bryndza" title="Bryndza">bryndza</a></i> or smoked <i><a href="/wiki/Oscypek" title="Oscypek">oscypek</a></i>. Other popular dishes include a milk drink <i><a href="/wiki/%C5%BDin%C4%8Dica" title="Žinčica">żętyca</a></i>, a sauerkraut soup <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kwa%C5%9Bnica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kwaśnica (page does not exist)">kwaśnica</a></i>, <i>placek po zbójnicku</i> (potato pancakes with goulash on top) and a góral tea (tea with alcohol). </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kie%C5%82basa_krakowska_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kiełbasa krakowska"><img alt="Kiełbasa krakowska" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Kie%C5%82basa_krakowska_2.jpg/120px-Kie%C5%82basa_krakowska_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Kie%C5%82basa_krakowska_2.jpg/180px-Kie%C5%82basa_krakowska_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Kie%C5%82basa_krakowska_2.jpg/240px-Kie%C5%82basa_krakowska_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1704" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Krak%C3%B3w_sausage" title="Kraków sausage">Kiełbasa krakowska</a></i></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Obwarzanek_mak.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Obwarzanek krakowski"><img alt="Obwarzanek krakowski" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Obwarzanek_mak.jpg/120px-Obwarzanek_mak.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Obwarzanek_mak.jpg/180px-Obwarzanek_mak.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Obwarzanek_mak.jpg/240px-Obwarzanek_mak.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1140" data-file-height="1070" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Obwarzanek_krakowski" title="Obwarzanek krakowski">Obwarzanek krakowski</a></i></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Oscypki.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Oscypek cheese"><img alt="Oscypek cheese" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Oscypki.jpg/120px-Oscypki.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="105" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Oscypki.jpg/180px-Oscypki.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Oscypki.jpg/240px-Oscypki.jpg 2x" data-file-width="873" data-file-height="767" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Oscypek" title="Oscypek">Oscypek</a></i> cheese</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lubelszczyzna">Lubelszczyzna</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Polish_cuisine&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Lubelszczyzna"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Many dishes in <a href="/wiki/Lublin" title="Lublin">Lublin</a> cuisine have Jewish roots, like <i><a href="/wiki/Cebularz" title="Cebularz">cebularz</a></i> (flatbread topped with onion and poppy seeds) and <i>forszmak</i> (soup with various types of meat). </p><p>Important local ingredient is groat – typical dish consisting of it is a pie called <i><a href="/wiki/Bi%C5%82goraj_pierogi" title="Biłgoraj pierogi">pieróg biłgorajski</a></i>. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cebularz_zamojski.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Cebularz"><img alt="Cebularz" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Cebularz_zamojski.jpg/120px-Cebularz_zamojski.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="97" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Cebularz_zamojski.jpg/180px-Cebularz_zamojski.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Cebularz_zamojski.jpg/240px-Cebularz_zamojski.jpg 2x" data-file-width="820" data-file-height="662" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Cebularz" title="Cebularz">Cebularz</a></i></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kashubia_and_Pomerania">Kashubia and Pomerania</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Polish_cuisine&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Kashubia and Pomerania"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Because of the proximity to the sea, typical for the region are various forms of fish dishes like <i>śledź po kaszubsku</i> (herring in tomato marinade with onion) and fried cod or flounder. </p><p>Other famous specialties include kashubian strawberry (<i>kaszëbskô malëna</i>), gingerbreads from <a href="/wiki/Toru%C5%84" title="Toruń">Toruń</a> and alcohol beverages from Gdańsk: <a href="/wiki/Goldwasser" title="Goldwasser">Goldwasser</a> (herbal liqueur with flakes of gold leaf) and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Machandel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Machandel (page does not exist)">machandel</a> (juniper vodka). </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Szczecin" title="Szczecin">Szczecin</a>, typical regional products are <i><a href="/wiki/Szczecin_pasztecik" title="Szczecin pasztecik">paszteciki</a></i> (pastries with meat or vegetarian filling) and fish spread <i><a href="/wiki/Szczecin_paprikash" title="Szczecin paprikash">paprykarz szczeciński</a></i>. Besides, in the resort towns along the <a href="/wiki/West_Pomeranian_Voivodeship" title="West Pomeranian Voivodeship">West Pomeranian</a> Baltic coast, popular street foods are sandwiches with herring, similar to German <a href="/wiki/Fischbr%C3%B6tchen" title="Fischbrötchen">Fischbrötchen</a>. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PL_gingerbread_from_Torun.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Toruń gingerbread"><img alt="Toruń gingerbread" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/PL_gingerbread_from_Torun.jpg/120px-PL_gingerbread_from_Torun.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/PL_gingerbread_from_Torun.jpg/180px-PL_gingerbread_from_Torun.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/PL_gingerbread_from_Torun.jpg/240px-PL_gingerbread_from_Torun.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1878" data-file-height="1020" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Toru%C5%84_gingerbread" title="Toruń gingerbread">Toruń gingerbread</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Der_Lachs_Danziger_Goldwasser.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Goldwasser"><img alt="Goldwasser" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Der_Lachs_Danziger_Goldwasser.jpg/68px-Der_Lachs_Danziger_Goldwasser.jpg" decoding="async" width="68" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Der_Lachs_Danziger_Goldwasser.jpg/103px-Der_Lachs_Danziger_Goldwasser.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Der_Lachs_Danziger_Goldwasser.jpg/137px-Der_Lachs_Danziger_Goldwasser.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2317" data-file-height="4054" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Goldwasser" title="Goldwasser">Goldwasser</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1104_Pasztecik_Szczeci%C5%84ski.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Szczecin pasztecik served with borscht"><img alt="Szczecin pasztecik served with borscht" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/1104_Pasztecik_Szczeci%C5%84ski.JPG/120px-1104_Pasztecik_Szczeci%C5%84ski.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/1104_Pasztecik_Szczeci%C5%84ski.JPG/180px-1104_Pasztecik_Szczeci%C5%84ski.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/1104_Pasztecik_Szczeci%C5%84ski.JPG/240px-1104_Pasztecik_Szczeci%C5%84ski.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Szczecin_pasztecik" title="Szczecin pasztecik">Szczecin pasztecik</a> served with borscht</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Masovia">Masovia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Polish_cuisine&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Masovia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Modern <a href="/wiki/Warsaw" title="Warsaw">Warsaw</a>, as a capital, has a very cosmopolitan cuisine combining various international foods. However, there are also some typical traditional dishes like Warsaw tripe, <i><a href="/wiki/Pyzy_(dish)" title="Pyzy (dish)">pyzy z mięsem</a></i> (potato dumpling with meat) and pork knuckles in jelly (popular as a vodka chaser). </p><p>Famous are many desserts of Warsaw origin, like chocolate cream cake <i><a href="/wiki/Wuzetka" title="Wuzetka">wuzetka</a></i> (probably named after the <a href="/wiki/Warsaw_W-Z_Route" class="mw-redirect" title="Warsaw W-Z Route">Warsaw W-Z Route</a>), <i><a href="/wiki/Ptasie_mleczko" title="Ptasie mleczko">ptasie mleczko</a></i> (chocolate covered marshmallows) and <i><a href="/wiki/Pa%C5%84ska_sk%C3%B3rka" title="Pańska skórka">pańska skórka</a></i> (candies sold traditionally at cemeteries during the All Saints' Day). </p><p>Out of Warsaw, typical regional products include apples from <a href="/wiki/Gr%C3%B3jec" title="Grójec">Grójec</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Piwo_kozicowe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Piwo kozicowe (page does not exist)">piwo kozicowe</a> from <a href="/wiki/Kurpie" title="Kurpie">Kurpie</a> region (low-alcohol juniper beverage). </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pyzy_z_mi%C4%99sem.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Pyzy z mięsem"><img alt="Pyzy z mięsem" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Pyzy_z_mi%C4%99sem.jpg/120px-Pyzy_z_mi%C4%99sem.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="87" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Pyzy_z_mi%C4%99sem.jpg/180px-Pyzy_z_mi%C4%99sem.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Pyzy_z_mi%C4%99sem.jpg/240px-Pyzy_z_mi%C4%99sem.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2064" data-file-height="1492" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Pyzy_(dish)" title="Pyzy (dish)">Pyzy z mięsem</a></i></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wuzetka_edit.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Wuzetka cake"><img alt="Wuzetka cake" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Wuzetka_edit.JPG/120px-Wuzetka_edit.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="91" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Wuzetka_edit.JPG/180px-Wuzetka_edit.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Wuzetka_edit.JPG/240px-Wuzetka_edit.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1654" data-file-height="1260" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Wuzetka" title="Wuzetka">Wuzetka</a></i> cake</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ptasie_mleczko_2007_by_RaBoe_02.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ptasie mleczko"><img alt="Ptasie mleczko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Ptasie_mleczko_2007_by_RaBoe_02.jpg/120px-Ptasie_mleczko_2007_by_RaBoe_02.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="94" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Ptasie_mleczko_2007_by_RaBoe_02.jpg/180px-Ptasie_mleczko_2007_by_RaBoe_02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Ptasie_mleczko_2007_by_RaBoe_02.jpg/240px-Ptasie_mleczko_2007_by_RaBoe_02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="928" data-file-height="730" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Ptasie_mleczko" title="Ptasie mleczko">Ptasie mleczko</a></i></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Podlaskie">Podlaskie</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Polish_cuisine&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Podlaskie"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Podlaskie cuisine has many Lithuanian, Belarusian and Tatar influences. Popular dishes, also known from the aforementioned cuisines, include <i><a href="/wiki/Cepelinai" title="Cepelinai">kartacze</a></i> (potato dumplings with meat), <i><a href="/wiki/Potato_babka" title="Potato babka">babka ziemniaczana</a></i> (potato pie) and <i><a href="/wiki/Sarburma" title="Sarburma">pierekaczewnik</a></i> (meat pie). </p><p>In addition, famous are the cold beetroot or cucumber soup <i><a href="/wiki/Borscht#Cold_borscht" title="Borscht">chłodnik</a></i>, cheese <i><a href="/wiki/Korycinski" title="Korycinski">koryciński</a></i> and desserts: <i><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0akotis" title="Šakotis">sękacz</a></i> (simnal cake) and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Marcinek_(food)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marcinek (food) (page does not exist)"><i>marcinek</i></a><sup class="noprint" style="font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hajnowski_Marcinek" class="extiw" title="pl:Hajnowski Marcinek">pl</a>]</sup> (layered cake with cream). </p><p>Podlaskie is also known from high-quality alcoholic beverages like vodka with bison grass <a href="/wiki/%C5%BBubr%C3%B3wka" title="Żubrówka">żubrówka</a> and home-made strong vodka <i>duch puszczy</i>. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Babka-ziemniaczana-przekroj.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Babka ziemniaczana"><img alt="Babka ziemniaczana" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Babka-ziemniaczana-przekroj.jpg/120px-Babka-ziemniaczana-przekroj.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="68" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Babka-ziemniaczana-przekroj.jpg/180px-Babka-ziemniaczana-przekroj.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Babka-ziemniaczana-przekroj.jpg/240px-Babka-ziemniaczana-przekroj.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5312" data-file-height="2988" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Potato_babka" title="Potato babka">Babka ziemniaczana</a></i></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chlodnik_(Cold_Borscht).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Chłodnik"><img alt="Chłodnik" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Chlodnik_%28Cold_Borscht%29.jpg/120px-Chlodnik_%28Cold_Borscht%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Chlodnik_%28Cold_Borscht%29.jpg/180px-Chlodnik_%28Cold_Borscht%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Chlodnik_%28Cold_Borscht%29.jpg/240px-Chlodnik_%28Cold_Borscht%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2286" data-file-height="1524" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Borscht#Cold_borscht" title="Borscht">Chłodnik</a></i></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%C5%BBubr%C3%B3wka_Bison_Grass_New.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Żubrówka"><img alt="Żubrówka" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/%C5%BBubr%C3%B3wka_Bison_Grass_New.png/67px-%C5%BBubr%C3%B3wka_Bison_Grass_New.png" decoding="async" width="67" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/%C5%BBubr%C3%B3wka_Bison_Grass_New.png/101px-%C5%BBubr%C3%B3wka_Bison_Grass_New.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/%C5%BBubr%C3%B3wka_Bison_Grass_New.png/135px-%C5%BBubr%C3%B3wka_Bison_Grass_New.png 2x" data-file-width="1080" data-file-height="1920" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/%C5%BBubr%C3%B3wka" title="Żubrówka">Żubrówka</a></i></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Silesia">Silesia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Polish_cuisine&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Silesia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Silesian cuisine combines Polish, German, Czech and Austrian influences. The most iconic dish is <a href="/wiki/Roulade" title="Roulade">rolada</a> – rolled beef patty usually served with <a href="/wiki/Silesian_dumplings" title="Silesian dumplings">Silesian dumplings</a> and red cabbage. Other popular foods are sourdough soup <i><a href="/wiki/West_Slavic_fermented_cereal_soups" class="mw-redirect" title="West Slavic fermented cereal soups">żur śląski</a></i>, meatballs <i><a href="/wiki/Karminadle" title="Karminadle">karminadle</a></i> and blood sausage <i><a href="/wiki/Kaszanka" title="Kaszanka">krupniok</a></i>. </p><p>Typical desserts are cakes like the <i><a href="/wiki/Streuselkuchen" title="Streuselkuchen">kołocz śląski</a></i>, candies <i><a href="/wiki/Kopalnioki" title="Kopalnioki">kopalnioki</a></i> and wafers <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oblaty_%C5%9Bl%C4%85skie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oblaty śląskie (page does not exist)">oblaty śląskie</a></i>. </p><p>Traditional dishes from Lower Silesia include <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Schlesisches_Himmelreich&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Schlesisches Himmelreich (page does not exist)">śląskie niebo</a></i> (pork with dried fruits and spices), gingerbread cake <i>legnicka bomba</i>, herbal liqueur <a href="/w/index.php?title=Echt_Stonsdorfer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Echt Stonsdorfer (page does not exist)">Echt Stonsdorfer</a> (today produced in Germany, but similar product known as <a href="/w/index.php?title=Likier_Karkonoski&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Likier Karkonoski (page does not exist)">Likier Karkonoski</a> is produced in Poland) and modern fast-food from <a href="/wiki/Wroc%C5%82aw" title="Wrocław">Wrocław</a> – <i><a href="/wiki/Knysza" title="Knysza">knysza</a></i>. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:020211016_rolada,_silesian_cuisine,_galeria_sfera.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Rolada with silesian dumplings and red cabbage"><img alt="Rolada with silesian dumplings and red cabbage" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/020211016_rolada%2C_silesian_cuisine%2C_galeria_sfera.jpg/120px-020211016_rolada%2C_silesian_cuisine%2C_galeria_sfera.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/020211016_rolada%2C_silesian_cuisine%2C_galeria_sfera.jpg/180px-020211016_rolada%2C_silesian_cuisine%2C_galeria_sfera.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/020211016_rolada%2C_silesian_cuisine%2C_galeria_sfera.jpg/240px-020211016_rolada%2C_silesian_cuisine%2C_galeria_sfera.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3420" data-file-height="2564" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Roulade" title="Roulade">Rolada</a> with <a href="/wiki/Silesian_dumplings" title="Silesian dumplings">silesian dumplings</a> and red cabbage</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:2023_Kotlety_mielone.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Karminadle"><img alt="Karminadle" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/2023_Kotlety_mielone.jpg/120px-2023_Kotlety_mielone.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="83" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/2023_Kotlety_mielone.jpg/180px-2023_Kotlety_mielone.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/2023_Kotlety_mielone.jpg/240px-2023_Kotlety_mielone.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4312" data-file-height="2965" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Karminadle" title="Karminadle">Karminadle</a></i></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ko%C5%82ocz_%C5%9Bl%C4%85ski.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Kołocz śląski cake"><img alt="Kołocz śląski cake" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Ko%C5%82ocz_%C5%9Bl%C4%85ski.JPG/120px-Ko%C5%82ocz_%C5%9Bl%C4%85ski.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="64" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Ko%C5%82ocz_%C5%9Bl%C4%85ski.JPG/180px-Ko%C5%82ocz_%C5%9Bl%C4%85ski.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Ko%C5%82ocz_%C5%9Bl%C4%85ski.JPG/240px-Ko%C5%82ocz_%C5%9Bl%C4%85ski.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="804" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Streuselkuchen" title="Streuselkuchen">Kołocz śląski</a></i> cake</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Warmia–Masuria"><span id="Warmia.E2.80.93Masuria"></span>Warmia–Masuria</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Polish_cuisine&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Warmia–Masuria"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The cuisine of Warmia–Masuria connects German and Eastern influences (especially from the former <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Borderlands" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Borderlands">Eastern Borderlands</a>; thus it has some similarities to the Podlaskie cuisine). Due to many lakes and forests, it is also rich in fishes, mushrooms, and honey. Typical traditional dishes include <i><a href="/wiki/Cepelinai" title="Cepelinai">kartacze</a></i> (potato dumplings with meat), <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dzyndza%C5%82ki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dzyndzałki (page does not exist)">dzyndzałki</a></i> (dumplings filled with buckwheat groats), <i><a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6nigsberger_Klopse" title="Königsberger Klopse">klopsy królewieckie</a></i> (meatballs with caper sauce), <i><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0akotis" title="Šakotis">sękacz</a></i> (spit cake) and a honey liqueur <i><a href="/wiki/B%C3%A4renfang" title="Bärenfang">niedźwiedziówka</a></i>. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Domowe_kartacze.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Kartacze"><img alt="Kartacze" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Domowe_kartacze.JPG/120px-Domowe_kartacze.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Domowe_kartacze.JPG/180px-Domowe_kartacze.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Domowe_kartacze.JPG/240px-Domowe_kartacze.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Cepelinai" title="Cepelinai">Kartacze</a></i></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Koenigsberger.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Klopsy królewieckie"><img alt="Klopsy królewieckie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Koenigsberger.jpg/120px-Koenigsberger.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="104" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Koenigsberger.jpg/180px-Koenigsberger.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Koenigsberger.jpg/240px-Koenigsberger.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1042" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6nigsberger_Klopse" title="Königsberger Klopse">Klopsy królewieckie</a></i></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:S%C4%99kacz_podlaski_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Sękacz cake"><img alt="Sękacz cake" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/S%C4%99kacz_podlaski_2.jpg/86px-S%C4%99kacz_podlaski_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="86" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/S%C4%99kacz_podlaski_2.jpg/130px-S%C4%99kacz_podlaski_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/S%C4%99kacz_podlaski_2.jpg/173px-S%C4%99kacz_podlaski_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2465" data-file-height="3417" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0akotis" title="Šakotis">Sękacz</a></i> cake</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Soups">Soups</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Polish_cuisine&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Soups"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>All soups have fresh stock—made from chicken, beef, pork ribs, vegetables, or a combination of several root vegetables. Meat is either chopped and eaten with soup, used to make the next dish, or eaten with bread. It is common to eat two dishes during dinner: (1) a soup, and (2) a side dish (potato, rice, groats, pasta) with meat, stews, or sweet dishes. Although cream or purée soups are not common or traditional in Poland, they are still prepared because of the influence of other countries' cuisine. Often soups are whitened by adding a splash of sour or double cream. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pomidorowa_z_ry%C5%BCem.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Pomidorowa_z_ry%C5%BCem.jpg/220px-Pomidorowa_z_ry%C5%BCem.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Pomidorowa_z_ry%C5%BCem.jpg/330px-Pomidorowa_z_ry%C5%BCem.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Pomidorowa_z_ry%C5%BCem.jpg/440px-Pomidorowa_z_ry%C5%BCem.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1142" data-file-height="848" /></a><figcaption><i><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Zupa pomidorowa</i></span></i> (<a href="/wiki/Tomato_soup" title="Tomato soup">tomato soup</a>) with rice or pasta is a popular dish as part of a Polish dinner.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:022_Polish_cuisine,_soup_in_Poland_-_botwinka_soup_made_from_beetroot_leaves_and_root_vegetables,_served_with_egg.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/022_Polish_cuisine%2C_soup_in_Poland_-_botwinka_soup_made_from_beetroot_leaves_and_root_vegetables%2C_served_with_egg.jpg/220px-022_Polish_cuisine%2C_soup_in_Poland_-_botwinka_soup_made_from_beetroot_leaves_and_root_vegetables%2C_served_with_egg.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/022_Polish_cuisine%2C_soup_in_Poland_-_botwinka_soup_made_from_beetroot_leaves_and_root_vegetables%2C_served_with_egg.jpg/330px-022_Polish_cuisine%2C_soup_in_Poland_-_botwinka_soup_made_from_beetroot_leaves_and_root_vegetables%2C_served_with_egg.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/022_Polish_cuisine%2C_soup_in_Poland_-_botwinka_soup_made_from_beetroot_leaves_and_root_vegetables%2C_served_with_egg.jpg/440px-022_Polish_cuisine%2C_soup_in_Poland_-_botwinka_soup_made_from_beetroot_leaves_and_root_vegetables%2C_served_with_egg.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a><figcaption><i>Botwinka</i> young beetroot leaf soup with hard-boiled egg, popular in late spring season.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%C5%BBurek.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/%C5%BBurek.jpg/220px-%C5%BBurek.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/%C5%BBurek.jpg/330px-%C5%BBurek.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/%C5%BBurek.jpg/440px-%C5%BBurek.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2198" data-file-height="1495" /></a><figcaption><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/West_Slavic_fermented_cereal_soups" class="mw-redirect" title="West Slavic fermented cereal soups">Żurek</a></i></span>, a sour rye soup with <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">biała kiełbasa</i></span> and egg</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jablka,_gruszki,_sliwki_suszone_z_Wandalina.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Jablka%2C_gruszki%2C_sliwki_suszone_z_Wandalina.jpg/220px-Jablka%2C_gruszki%2C_sliwki_suszone_z_Wandalina.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="93" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Jablka%2C_gruszki%2C_sliwki_suszone_z_Wandalina.jpg/330px-Jablka%2C_gruszki%2C_sliwki_suszone_z_Wandalina.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Jablka%2C_gruszki%2C_sliwki_suszone_z_Wandalina.jpg/440px-Jablka%2C_gruszki%2C_sliwki_suszone_z_Wandalina.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1460" data-file-height="616" /></a><figcaption>Dried apples, pears and plums – a traditional product of Poland, used, for example, to prepare Christmas compote.</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Zupa pomidorowa</i></span> – Thin <a href="/wiki/Tomato_soup" title="Tomato soup">tomato soup</a> made with tomato purée, root vegetables, and stock, usually served with pasta or rice; sour cream is often added.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Kartoflanka</i></span> – Potato soup with root vegetables.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Czernina" title="Czernina">Czarnina</a></i></span> (or <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">czernina</i></span>) – Duck soup made with duck broth or duck blood, the latter giving the soup a dark, almost black, colour. Recipes vary widely, but often sweet and sour ingredients are added, typically vinegar and often sugar, fruit juice, or fruit such as prunes or pears. It is usually served with the duck meat and <a href="/wiki/Kluski" title="Kluski">Kluski</a>-style noodles. Nowadays, it is not commonly eaten.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Borscht#Cold_borscht" title="Borscht">Chłodnik litewski</a></i></span> – Cold soup made of soured milk or sour cream, young beet leaves, cucumbers, and chopped fresh dill. Sometimes chives and radishes are added.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Botwinka</i></span> – Beet leaves soup with potatoes and root vegetables, served hot.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Borscht" title="Borscht">Barszcz czerwony</a></i></span> (red borscht) – Clear beetroot soup made out of stock, <a href="/wiki/Beetroot" title="Beetroot">beetroots</a>, and beetroot sourdough; served with <a href="/wiki/Uszka" title="Uszka">uszka</a>, <a href="/wiki/Croquette" title="Croquette">krokiet</a> made from <a href="/wiki/Pancake#Poland" title="Pancake">naleśniki</a>, <a href="/wiki/Szczecin_pasztecik" title="Szczecin pasztecik">pasztecik</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pierogi" title="Pierogi">pierogi</a>, and rarely with white beans, red kidney beans, or mashed potatoes. It is a very important dish during Christmas Eve.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Zupa buraczkowa</i></span> – Beetroot soup with grated beetroots, cubed potatoes, and root vegetables. Sometimes it is called "red borscht", like the one cooked during Christmas Eve, even though it does not contain beetroot sourdough. It is slightly sweet but not sour.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barszcz_ukrai%C5%84ski" class="extiw" title="pl:Barszcz ukraiński">Barszcz ukraiński</a></i></span> (Ukrainian borscht) – Beetroot soup with addition of sliced white cabbage, white or red kidney beans, and diced or puréed tomatoes. In Ukraine, beans are not used in this dish.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Zupa szczawiowa</i></span> – <a href="/wiki/Sorrel_soup" title="Sorrel soup">Sorrel soup</a> made of sorrel leaves and rice, served with hard-boiled egg.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Flaki" title="Flaki">Flaki</a></i></span> (or <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">flaczki</i></span>) – Beef or pork <a href="/wiki/Tripe" title="Tripe">tripe</a> stew with <a href="/wiki/Marjoram" title="Marjoram">marjoram</a> and spices. Vegetarians make this soup with oyster mushrooms.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Ros%C3%B3%C5%82" title="Rosół">Rosół</a></i></span> – Clear chicken soup served with noodles, usually short vermicelli. The stock is made of root vegetables and whole chicken, beef, or both.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Zupa grzybowa / pieczarkowa</i></span> – <a href="/wiki/Edible_mushroom" title="Edible mushroom">Mushroom</a> soup made of white or wild mushrooms with potatoes or pasta. During Christmas Eve it is instead served with <a href="/wiki/Lazanki" title="Lazanki">łazanki pasta</a> or <a href="/wiki/Uszka" title="Uszka">uszka</a>.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Zupa_og%C3%B3rkowa" class="mw-redirect" title="Zupa ogórkowa">Zupa ogórkowa</a></i></span> – A <a href="/wiki/Pickle_soup" title="Pickle soup">sour cucumber soup</a> made of <a href="/wiki/Polish_style_pickled_cucumber" class="mw-redirect" title="Polish style pickled cucumber">sour, salted cucumbers</a>.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/West_Slavic_fermented_cereal_soups" class="mw-redirect" title="West Slavic fermented cereal soups">Żur</a></i></span> – Fermented cereal soup made of wholemeal rye sourdough, although oat sourdough is used in <a href="/wiki/Lesser_Poland" title="Lesser Poland">Lesser Poland</a> and <a href="/wiki/Podlachia" title="Podlachia">Podlachia</a>, and buckwheat sourdough is used in <a href="/wiki/Lublin_Voivodeship" title="Lublin Voivodeship">Lublin Voivodeship</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-artkulinaria.pl_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-artkulinaria.pl-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Like <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">żurek</i></span> and <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">zalewajka</i></span>, it is served with mashed potatoes, hard-boiled eggs, cooked and smoked bacon, and <a href="/wiki/Kielbasa" title="Kielbasa">biała kiełbasa</a> (white kielbasa).</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/West_Slavic_fermented_cereal_soups" class="mw-redirect" title="West Slavic fermented cereal soups">Żurek</a></i></span> – Fermented cereal soup, more delicate than <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">żur</i></span> because it is made of wheat flour sourdough. Colloquially (but improperly) it is often called <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">barszcz biały</i></span> (white bortscht).<sup id="cite_ref-artkulinaria.pl_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-artkulinaria.pl-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Zalewajka_(soup)" class="mw-redirect" title="Zalewajka (soup)">Zalewajka</a></i></span> (<a href="/wiki/West_Slavic_fermented_cereal_soups" class="mw-redirect" title="West Slavic fermented cereal soups">rye soup</a>) – Fermented cereal soup made with sour rye. Served with sliced smoked pork sausage, cooked and smoked bacon, and separately cooked and diced potatoes.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/West_Slavic_fermented_cereal_soups" class="mw-redirect" title="West Slavic fermented cereal soups">Barszcz biały</a></i></span> – Fermented cereal soup made with wheat flour. Traditionally, cabbage sourdough (sauerkraut juice) or cucumber sourdough (sour pickled cucumbers juice) is used. Still, they can be replaced by using citric acid.<sup id="cite_ref-artkulinaria.pl_29-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-artkulinaria.pl-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Grochówka</i></span> – <a href="/wiki/Pea_soup" title="Pea soup">Pea soup</a> with split peas, potato, carrot, parsley root, kielbasa or fried bacon, and marjoram.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Cabbage_soup" title="Cabbage soup">Kapuśniak</a></i></span> – <a href="/wiki/Sauerkraut" title="Sauerkraut">Sauerkraut</a> soup with potatoes, root vegetables (parsley root, carrots, celery root), bacon, and pork ribs.<sup id="cite_ref-beszamel.se.pl_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-beszamel.se.pl-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Kwaśnica</i></span> – Sauerkraut soup with potatoes and ribs. Similar to <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">kapuśniak</i></span>, but omits other vegetables and tastes sourer.<sup id="cite_ref-beszamel.se.pl_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-beszamel.se.pl-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Forszmak lubelski</i></span> – Pork or beef, smoked bacon, white mushrooms, sour pickled cucumbers, red bell pepper, tomato puree, spices, onion, and garlic.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Chłodnik</i></span> – Cold soup made of raw, partially blended, or cooked and chilled vegetables with yoghurt or sour cream (such as cucumber <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">chłodnik</i></span> or tomato <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">chłodnik</i></span>). Often served with cooked potatoes, hard-boiled eggs, or both.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/List_of_bean_soups" title="List of bean soups">Zupa fasolowa</a></i></span> (bean soup) – Made with white beans, root vegetables, smoked sausage (kielbasa), fried bacon, and marjoram.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Cabbage_soup" title="Cabbage soup">Zupa kapuściana</a></i></span> (cabbage soup) – Made with stock, chopped white cabbage, root vegetables, tomato puree and potatoes.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Zupa jarzynowa</i></span> (vegetable soup) – Made with potatoes, green beans, root vegetables, cauliflower, peas, and sometimes brussels sprouts.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Zupa ryżowa</i></span> (rice soup) – Made with rice, potatoes, and root vegetables with chicken.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Zupa koperkowa</i></span> (dill soup) – Made with chicken stock, root vegetables, a big amount of dill, spring onion, potatoes or baby potatoes, and sometimes with sour or double cream.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Zupa chrzanowa</i></span> (horseradish soup) – Made with white kielbasa, smoked bacon or pork ribs, sour cream, horseradish, garlic, potatoes, and root vegetables for stock; can be served with hard-boiled eggs.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Go%C5%82%C4%85bki" title="Gołąbki">Zupa gołąbkowa</a></i></span> – Soup with minced meat, cabbage, tomato puree, tomatoes, rice, and spices.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Zupa kalafiorowa</i></span> (cauliflower soup) – Made with stock, potatoes, <a href="/wiki/Cauliflower" title="Cauliflower">cauliflower</a> florets, and root vegetables.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Zupa brokułowa</i></span> (broccoli soup) – Made with stock, potatoes, <a href="/wiki/Broccoli" title="Broccoli">broccoli</a> florets, and root vegetables.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Goulash" title="Goulash">Zupa gulaszowa</a></i></span> (goulash soup) – Made with pork, beef, potatoes, onion or leek, passata, tomato puree, paprika, and red bell pepper. It is similar to Hungarian goulash, whilst Polish goulash is similar to <span title="Hungarian-language text"><span lang="hu" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="/wiki/P%C3%B6rk%C3%B6lt" title="Pörkölt">pörkölt</a></span></span>.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Lentil_soup" title="Lentil soup">Zupa soczewicowa</a></i></span> (or <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">soczewicy</i></span>) (lentil soup) – Made with green or red lentils, garlic, tomatoes, tomato puree, onion, and double or sour cream. May be served with pasta or potatoes.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Zupa owocowa</i></span> (fruit soup) – Served cold with different fruits and pasta during hot summer.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Meat_and_fish">Meat and fish</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Polish_cuisine&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Meat and fish"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kotlety_mielone_Poznan.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Kotlety_mielone_Poznan.JPG/220px-Kotlety_mielone_Poznan.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Kotlety_mielone_Poznan.JPG/330px-Kotlety_mielone_Poznan.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Kotlety_mielone_Poznan.JPG/440px-Kotlety_mielone_Poznan.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1940" data-file-height="1301" /></a><figcaption>A typical Polish meal: <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">kotlety mielone</i></span> (minced pork cutlet), potatoes, beets and tea with lemon</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:04526_Christmas_Eve_Table,_2010_Sanok.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/04526_Christmas_Eve_Table%2C_2010_Sanok.JPG/220px-04526_Christmas_Eve_Table%2C_2010_Sanok.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/04526_Christmas_Eve_Table%2C_2010_Sanok.JPG/330px-04526_Christmas_Eve_Table%2C_2010_Sanok.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/04526_Christmas_Eve_Table%2C_2010_Sanok.JPG/440px-04526_Christmas_Eve_Table%2C_2010_Sanok.JPG 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Rolmopsy</i></span> (<a href="/wiki/Rollmops" title="Rollmops">rollmops</a>), rolled pickled herring fillets, served during Christmas. Traditional to Polish, <a href="/wiki/German_cuisine" title="German cuisine">German</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jewish_cuisine" title="Jewish cuisine">Jewish</a> cuisines.</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Baranina</i></span> – Roasted, stewed, or grilled mutton.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Bigos" title="Bigos">Bigos</a></i></span> – Stew of mainly <a href="/wiki/Sauerkraut" title="Sauerkraut">sauerkraut</a>, cabbage, and meats such as smoked <a href="/wiki/Kielbasa" title="Kielbasa">kielbasa</a> and bacon. Also contains mushrooms, onions, and sometimes tomato puree. It is known as a "hunter's stew" due to the addition of game and scraps of other meats.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Bitki wołowe z pieczarkami / grzybami</i></span> – Thin slices of beef braised with mushrooms.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Bitki wieprzowe w sosie własnym</i></span> – Thin slices of pork in gravy, braised with onions.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Eisbein" title="Eisbein">Golonka</a></i></span> – Stewed pork knuckle or hock.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Go%C5%82%C4%85bki" title="Gołąbki">Gołąbki</a></i></span> – Cabbage rolls with ground meat and rice or groats, served with mushroom, dill, or tomato sauce. For Christmas Eve, meat may be substituted with mushrooms. A variety with mushroom and potato filling is mostly found in Eastern Poland due to influence from Ukraine. Cabbage leaves used are from <a href="/wiki/Savoy_cabbage" title="Savoy cabbage">savoy cabbage</a> or <a href="/wiki/White_cabbage" class="mw-redirect" title="White cabbage">white cabbage</a>. Rarely, it can be made with <a href="/wiki/Red_cabbage" title="Red cabbage">red cabbage</a> or sauerkraut leaves. Modern versions include use of <a href="/wiki/Chinese_cabbage" title="Chinese cabbage">chinese cabbage</a> or filling wrapped in zucchini slices. This dish is either cooked or baked.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Go%C5%82%C4%85bki" title="Gołąbki">Gołąbki bez zawijania</a></i></span> (<span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">gołąbki</i></span> without wrapping) – Large meatballs filled with chopped cabbage, onion and rice.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Goulash" title="Goulash">Gulasz</a></i></span> – Meat stew originated from Hungarian <span title="Hungarian-language text"><span lang="hu" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="/wiki/P%C3%B6rk%C3%B6lt" title="Pörkölt">pörkölt</a></span></span> with onions, tomatoes, red bell peppers, and paprika.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Karkówka</i></span> – Pork neck, roasted, grilled, or braised with onions.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Kie%C5%82basa" class="mw-redirect" title="Kiełbasa">Kiełbasa</a></i></span> – Sausage, smoked or boiled, usually made with pork. It is a staple of Polish cuisine and comes in dozens of varieties.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Kotlet mielony</i></span> – Minced meat (pork, pork-beef, or turkey) patty made with egg, breadcrumbs, chopped onions, wet bread, and spices, often rolled in breadcrumbs. Sometimes filled with cheese, mushrooms, or both.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Kotlet_schabowy" title="Kotlet schabowy">Kotlet schabowy</a></i></span> – Thinly pounded pork loin cutlet coated in breadcrumbs. It is a variation of <a href="/wiki/Schnitzel" title="Schnitzel">schnitzel</a>.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Kurczak Pieczony</i></span> – Roasted chicken.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Pieczeń cielęca</i></span> – Roasted veal.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Pieczeń wieprzowa z winem</i></span> – Roasted pork in wine gravy.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Polędwiczki wołowe</i></span> – Braised beef sirloin slices.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Pulpety or Klopsiki w sosie</i></span> – Polish style <a href="/wiki/Meatball" title="Meatball">meatballs</a> in tomato, mushroom, or dill sauce.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Rolada z mięsa mielonego z pieczarkami</i></span> – Minced meat <a href="/wiki/Roulade" title="Roulade">roulade</a> with mushrooms.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Schab Faszerowany</i></span> – Stuffed pork loin.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Wołowina Pieczona</i></span> – Roasted beef.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Zrazy" title="Zrazy">Zrazy</a> zawijane</i></span> – Thin beef fillets rolled and filled with bacon, mushrooms, mustard, gherkins, and onions.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Zrazy" title="Zrazy">Roladki</a> schabowe/z kurczaka</i></span> – Thin pork/chicken fillets rolled with filling including version with cheese.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Żeberka wędzone</i></span> – Smoked <a href="/wiki/Spare_ribs" title="Spare ribs">spare ribs</a>.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Filet z dorsza</i></span> – Cod fillet with or without batter. Can be steam cooked or baked.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Łosoś</i></span> – Steamed or baked salmon fillet.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Pstrąg</i></span> – Poached or baked trout.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Rollmops" title="Rollmops">Rolmopsy</a></i></span> – Rolled pickled herring fillets stuffed with pickled onion or cucumbers.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Ryba Smażona</i></span> – Fried breaded <a href="/wiki/Fish_fillet" title="Fish fillet">fish fillet</a>.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Śledzie</i></span> – <a href="/wiki/Herring_as_food" title="Herring as food">Herring</a> marinated in oil or vinegar with onions.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Śledzie w śmietanie</i></span> – Herring marinated in sour cream with onions. Sour pickled cucumbers, apples, and mushrooms can also be added.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/P%27tcha" title="P'tcha">Zimne nogi</a></i></span> – Polish savoury jelly based on bone broth made from pork legs and served with chopped meat and vegetables, like peas or carrots. Served with a drizzle of vinegar or lemon juice. Dish originates from Jewish cuisine. If using meat other than pork leg, it is called <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">galareta</i></span>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Flour_or_potato-based">Flour or potato-based</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Polish_cuisine&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Flour or potato-based"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Pierogi" title="Pierogi">Pierogi</a></i></span> – Half-moon-shaped dumplings with various fillings. Savoury pierogi may be filled with sauerkraut and mushrooms, potato, <a href="/wiki/Quark_(dairy_product)" title="Quark (dairy product)">quark</a> and fried onion (<span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">pierogi ruskie</i></span>, <a href="/wiki/Ruthenians" title="Ruthenians">Ruthenian</a> <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">pierogi</i></span>), minced meat, or buckwheat groats and quark or mushrooms. Sweet pierogi can be made with sweet quark or with fruits such as blueberries, strawberries, cherries, plums, raspberries, apples, or even chocolate.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Uszka" title="Uszka">Uszka</a></i></span> – Tiny dumplings traditionally filled only with mushrooms and onions. Other fillings used are mushrooms with sauerkraut or rarely cooked<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="What is "rarely cooked" referring to? (December 2022)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> and minced meat with onions. When filled with meat, they are served with clear <a href="/wiki/Borscht" title="Borscht">borscht</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cream_of_mushroom_soup" title="Cream of mushroom soup">clear mushroom soup</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Broth" title="Broth">broth</a>.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Kalduny" title="Kalduny">Kołduny</a></i></span> – Stuffed dumplings with raw minced beef and mutton, beef dripping, fried onions, and spices. Potato <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">kalduny</i></span> is a different dish from <a href="/wiki/Subcarpathian_Voivodeship" title="Subcarpathian Voivodeship">Subcarpathia</a> made from potato dough filled with <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">twaróg</i></span> (<a href="/wiki/Quark_(dairy_product)" title="Quark (dairy product)">quark</a>), potatoes, and onions.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Potato_pancake" title="Potato pancake">Placki ziemniaczane / kartoflane</a></i></span> – Potato pancakes with grated potatoes, onions, eggs, wheat flour, and marjoram.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Pyzy_(dish)" title="Pyzy (dish)">Pyzy</a></i></span> – Potato dumplings made with raw, grated potatoes, egg, flour, and sometimes filled with minced meat; then cooked.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Knedle" title="Knedle">Knedle</a></i></span> – Potato dumplings made with cooked potatoes and starch. Usually filled with fruits, most popular being plums and strawberries.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Kopytka" title="Kopytka">Kopytka</a></i></span> – Hoof-shaped potato dumplings made of cooked potatoes, egg, and flour. Often served with breadcrumbs, sugar, and melted butter or fried bacon.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Pierogi_leniwe" title="Pierogi leniwe">Pierogi / kluski leniwe</a></i></span> – Hoof-shaped dumplings made of flour or potatoes, eggs, and quark.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Silesian_dumplings" title="Silesian dumplings">Kluski śląskie</a></i></span> – Dumplings in small donut-like shape made with boiled potatoes and potato starch. Often served with gravy or meat stew.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Black_dumplings" title="Black dumplings">Czarne / szare kluski</a></i></span> – Dumplings black or gray in colour, made of raw grated potatoes and potato starch.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Pampuchy" title="Pampuchy">Pampuchy / kluski na parze / pyzy drozdżowe</a></i></span> – Steamed yeast wheat flour dumplings served with fruit yoghurt or jam. They can be also served savoury with gravy or filled with chocolate.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Kluski kładzione</i></span> (laid dumplings) – Dumplings made of thick batter with flour and eggs laid in boiling water.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Lane Kluski</i></span> (poured dumplings) – Dumplings made of thin batter with flour, milk, and eggs, usually poured straight into soup.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zacierki" class="extiw" title="pl:Zacierki">Zacierki</a></i></span> (grated dumplings) – Grated or chopped dough into tiny balls and cooked.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Crepe" class="mw-redirect" title="Crepe">Naleśniki</a></i></span> – Thicker and plumper version of <a href="/wiki/Cr%C3%AApe" title="Crêpe">crêpes</a>, served with sweet or savoury filling.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Croquette" title="Croquette">Krokiety</a></i></span> (croquettes) – In Poland, they are made of <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">naleśniki</i></span>, often filled with either sauerkraut and mushrooms or ham and cheese, then folded like a burrito, breaded, and fried. Commonly served with clear <a href="/wiki/Borscht" title="Borscht">borscht</a>.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Racuchy" title="Racuchy">Racuchy</a></i></span> – Yeast pancakes often stuffed with apples and served with <a href="/wiki/Powdered_sugar" title="Powdered sugar">powdered sugar</a> or <a href="/wiki/Jam" class="mw-redirect" title="Jam">jam</a>.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Lazanki" title="Lazanki">Łazanki</a></i></span> – Pasta shaped like small squares. This Polish version is served with sauerkraut, onion, and fried <a href="/wiki/Kielbasa" title="Kielbasa">kielbasa</a> or fried bacon.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Zapiekanka" title="Zapiekanka">Zapiekanka</a></i></span> – Open faced sandwich made from a <a href="/wiki/Veka_(pastry)" title="Veka (pastry)">veka roll</a> sliced in half and topped with tomato sauce, mushrooms, and cheese. <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Zapiekanka</i></span> can also be anything baked in casserole dish with added egg and cream mixture, so it holds together when removed. It usually involves meats, vegetables with potatoes or pasta, and melted cheese on top. A baked Polish fast food.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Knysza" title="Knysza">Knysza</a></i></span> – Polish fast food with yeast bread roll filled with red and white cabbage, tomato, cucumber, pickled cucumber, onion, fried onion, corn, and sometimes fried chicken with garlic mayonnaise sauce. It originated in <a href="/wiki/Wroc%C5%82aw" title="Wrocław">Wrocław</a>.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/German_fries" title="German fries">Smażone ziemniaki / bratkartofle</a></i></span> – Fried slices of potatoes (often previously cooked) usually (1) eaten with a fried egg, (2) mixed in scrambled eggs, onions, and grilled, or (3) mixed with fried, sliced <a href="/wiki/Kielbasa" title="Kielbasa">kielbasa</a>. Whole dish and serving with eggs (<a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a>: <i lang="de">bratkartoffeln mit ei</i>) or sausage (<span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">bratkartoffeln mit wurst</i></span>) comes from Germany. In Poland, it is often eaten with a glass of sour <a href="/wiki/Buttermilk" title="Buttermilk">buttermilk</a> or <a href="/wiki/Kefir" title="Kefir">kefir</a>.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Makaron z jajkiem</i></span> – Fried (cooked) pasta with fried onions, scrambled eggs, and butter; sometimes cheese, bacon, or ham can be added. It is a version of Italian <a href="/wiki/Spaghetti_Carbonara" class="mw-redirect" title="Spaghetti Carbonara">spaghetti carbonara</a> (<a href="/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">Italian</a>: <i lang="it">spaghetti con uova e cipolla</i>).</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Side_dishes_and_salads">Side dishes and salads</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Polish_cuisine&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Side dishes and salads"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Kasza" class="mw-redirect" title="Kasza">Kasza</a></i></span> – Cooked <a href="/wiki/Groat_(grain)" title="Groat (grain)">groats</a>; most popular are groats of buckwheat, barley, millet, and wheat.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Mizeria" title="Mizeria">Mizeria</a></i></span> – Traditional Polish salad made with sliced cucumbers, sour cream, and spices; served as a side.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Surówka z jabłka i marchewki</i></span> – Carrot salad made with peeled and grated carrots, apples, oil, and lemon juice.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Surówka z ogórków i pomidorów</i></span> – Salad made with cucumbers, tomatoes, onions, and oil or sour cream.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Ziemniaki gotowane</i></span> – Simple boiled potatoes sprinkled with dill.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Tłuczone ziemniaki</i></span> – Mashed potatoes.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Surówka z białej kapusty</i></span> – Salad with shredded cabbage, carrots, and spices, often with grated apples.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Surówka z kiszonej kapusty</i></span> – Salad with sauerkraut, carrots, parsley, apples, and lemon juice.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Olivier_salad" title="Olivier salad">Sałatka warzywna</a></i></span> or <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Jarzynowa</i></span> – Salad of cooked vegetables such as parsley root, carrot, potatoes, celery root, pickled cucumbers in brine, and hard-cooked eggs in mayonnaise and mustard. Also often contains corn, peas, apple, onion, leek, or even red kidney beans. A traditional Polish side dish.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Kapusta zasmażana</i></span> – Sauerkraut or white cabbage pan-fried with onions and spices, often with fried bacon.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Kapusta na gęsto</i></span> – Braised white cabbage with onions, dill, and double cream.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/sur%C3%B3wka" class="extiw" title="wikt:surówka">Surówka</a></i></span> – Any salad made of raw vegetables with drizzle of vinegar, oil, sour cream, or yoghurt.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Sałatka</i></span> – Any salad made of cooked vegetables, usually with mayonnaise.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Sałatka burakowa / buraczki tarte</i></span> – Cooked and grated beetroot salad; can be made warm or cold.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Chrain" title="Chrain">Ćwikła</a></i></span> – Cooked and grated beetroots with horseradish paste and lemon juice.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Fasolka szparagowa z czosnkiem</i></span> – Green beans with garlic and butter or oil; originated in Italy.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Kalafior / fasolka szparagowa / brukselka z bułką tartą</i></span> – Cooked cauliflower, green beans, or Brussels sprouts with a <a href="/wiki/Polonaise_(sauce)" title="Polonaise (sauce)">polonaise sauce</a> made of fried breadcrumbs in butter.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Brokuł / kalafior z sosem czosnkowym</i></span> – Cooked broccoli or cauliflower with a <a href="/wiki/Garlic_sauce" title="Garlic sauce">garlic sauce</a>.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Ogórek kiszony</i></span> – Polish <a href="/wiki/Pickled_cucumber" title="Pickled cucumber">pickled cucumber</a>, fermented in brine consisting of dill and dill flower, garlic, salt, and spices.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Ogórek konserwowy</i></span> – Pickled cucumber in vinegar, which is rather sweet and vinegary in taste.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Grzyby marynowane</i></span> – Marinated <a href="/wiki/Edible_mushroom" title="Edible mushroom">mushrooms</a>.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Sałatka szwedzka</i></span> – Preserved salad made with cucumbers, onions, carrots, vinegar, and spices.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Sałatka ziemniaczana</i></span> – Potato salad made with cooked potatoes, onions, pickled cucumbers, dill, and mayonnaise; sometimes with added smoked bacon or herring fillets marinated in oil or vinegar. Originally from Germany.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Sałatka śledziowa</i></span> – Marinated herring salad with pickled cucumbers, onions, and sour cream; sometimes eggs and apples are added.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bread">Bread</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Polish_cuisine&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Bread"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:07423_Jahrmarkt_in_Sanok_am_17_Juli_2011.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/07423_Jahrmarkt_in_Sanok_am_17_Juli_2011.jpg/200px-07423_Jahrmarkt_in_Sanok_am_17_Juli_2011.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/07423_Jahrmarkt_in_Sanok_am_17_Juli_2011.jpg/300px-07423_Jahrmarkt_in_Sanok_am_17_Juli_2011.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/07423_Jahrmarkt_in_Sanok_am_17_Juli_2011.jpg/400px-07423_Jahrmarkt_in_Sanok_am_17_Juli_2011.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Bread stand in <a href="/wiki/Sanok" class="mw-redirect" title="Sanok">Sanok</a>, Poland</figcaption></figure> <p>Bread (<span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">chleb</i></span>) and bread rolls (<span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">bułka</i></span> (bread roll), <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Bagel" title="Bagel">bajgiel</a></i></span>, <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Kifli" title="Kifli">rogal</a></i></span>, <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Veka_(pastry)" title="Veka (pastry)">bułka paryska</a></i></span>) have been an essential part of Polish cuisine and tradition for centuries. Today, bread remains one of the most important foods in the Polish cuisine. The main ingredient for Polish bread is <a href="/wiki/Rye" title="Rye">rye</a> or <a href="/wiki/Wheat" title="Wheat">wheat</a>. Traditional bread has a crunchy crust, a soft interior, and an unforgettable aroma. Such bread is made with <a href="/wiki/Sourdough" title="Sourdough">sourdough</a>, which lends it a distinctive taste. It can be stored for a week or so without getting too hard and is not crumbly when cut. </p><p>In Poland, welcoming with bread and salt ("<span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">chlebem i solą</i></span>") is often associated with the traditional hospitality ("<span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">staropolska gościnność</i></span>") of the Polish nobility (<span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Szlachta" title="Szlachta">szlachta</a></i></span>), who prided themselves on their hospitality. A 17th-century <a href="/wiki/Polish_poet" class="mw-redirect" title="Polish poet">Polish poet</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wespazjan_Kochowski" title="Wespazjan Kochowski">Wespazjan Kochowski</a>, wrote in 1674: "O good bread, when it is given to guests with salt and good will!" Another poet, <a href="/wiki/Wac%C5%82aw_Potocki" title="Wacław Potocki">Wacław Potocki</a>, mentioned this custom. The custom was, however, not limited to the nobility, as Polish people of all classes observed this tradition, reflected in old Polish <a href="/wiki/Proverb" title="Proverb">proverbs</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nowadays, the tradition is mainly observed on wedding days, when newlyweds are greeted with bread and salt by their parents on returning from the church <a href="/wiki/Wedding" title="Wedding">wedding</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Desserts_and_sweets">Desserts and sweets</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Polish_cuisine&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Desserts and sweets"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Polish_desserts" title="List of Polish desserts">List of Polish desserts</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bejgli1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Bejgli1.jpg/190px-Bejgli1.jpg" decoding="async" width="190" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Bejgli1.jpg/285px-Bejgli1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Bejgli1.jpg/380px-Bejgli1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2646" data-file-height="2001" /></a><figcaption><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Makowiec</i></span> (<a href="/wiki/Poppy_seed_roll" title="Poppy seed roll">poppy seed roll</a>)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ciasta_polskie.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Ciasta_polskie.png/190px-Ciasta_polskie.png" decoding="async" width="190" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Ciasta_polskie.png/285px-Ciasta_polskie.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Ciasta_polskie.png/380px-Ciasta_polskie.png 2x" data-file-width="1242" data-file-height="786" /></a><figcaption><i>Makowiec</i>, <i>szarlotka</i> (<a href="/wiki/Apple_pie" title="Apple pie">apple pie</a>) and <i>sernik</i> (cheesecake) with raisins</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:06872_tradition_of_cakes_in_Sanok,_2011.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/06872_tradition_of_cakes_in_Sanok%2C_2011.png/190px-06872_tradition_of_cakes_in_Sanok%2C_2011.png" decoding="async" width="190" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/06872_tradition_of_cakes_in_Sanok%2C_2011.png/285px-06872_tradition_of_cakes_in_Sanok%2C_2011.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/06872_tradition_of_cakes_in_Sanok%2C_2011.png/380px-06872_tradition_of_cakes_in_Sanok%2C_2011.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Sernik</i></span> (<a href="/wiki/Cheesecake" title="Cheesecake">cheesecake</a>)</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Meringue" title="Meringue">Beza</a></i></span> – Type of sweet <a href="/wiki/Meringue" title="Meringue">meringue</a> in biscuit form, occasionally with topping.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Poppy_seed_roll" title="Poppy seed roll">Makowiec</a></i></span> – Sweet poppy-seed <a href="/wiki/Swiss_roll" title="Swiss roll">swiss roll</a>, with raisins, dried fruits, and walnuts.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/P%C4%85czki" title="Pączki">Pączek</a></i></span> – Closed donuts filled with rose petal jam, other fruit conserves, <a href="/wiki/Custard" title="Custard">custard</a>, chocolate, or <a href="/wiki/Quark_(dairy_product)" title="Quark (dairy product)">quark</a> with sugar.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Pierniki" class="mw-redirect" title="Pierniki">Pierniki</a></i></span> – Soft gingerbread biscuit forms of <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Pryanik" title="Pryanik">pryanik</a></i></span>, unfilled or filled with marmalade of different fruit flavours, and sometimes covered with chocolate.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Sernik</i></span> (<a href="/wiki/Cheesecake" title="Cheesecake">cheesecake</a>) – One of the most popular desserts in Poland. It is a cake made primarily of <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Twar%C3%B3g" class="mw-redirect" title="Twaróg">twaróg</a></i></span>, a type of fresh cheese similar to quark. It can be baked or refrigerated. It might be flavoured with vanilla, lemon peel, or orange peel. Sometimes raisins or various fresh fruits are added. Commonly topped with a chocolate topping or sprinkled with coconut-flakes or nuts. It is very popular to garnish it with a sweet jelly topping with a variety of fresh fruits when it is unbaked.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Mazurek_(cake)" title="Mazurek (cake)">Mazurek</a></i></span> – <a href="/wiki/Pie" title="Pie">Pie</a> baked particularly at <a href="/wiki/Christmas_Eve" title="Christmas Eve">Christmas Eve</a> and <a href="/wiki/Easter" title="Easter">Easter</a>, made with <a href="/wiki/Shortcrust_pastry" title="Shortcrust pastry">shortcrust pastry</a>. There are variations with different fillings, such as walnut paste, <a href="/wiki/Dulce_de_leche" title="Dulce de leche">dulce de leche</a> or <a href="/wiki/Ganache" title="Ganache">ganache</a> with <a href="/wiki/Dried_fruits" class="mw-redirect" title="Dried fruits">dried fruits</a>, <a href="/wiki/Candied_fruit" title="Candied fruit">candied fruit</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Nut_(food)" title="Nut (food)">nuts</a>.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Challah" title="Challah">Chałka</a></i></span> – Sweet white wheat bread of Jewish origin (<span title="Hebrew-language romanization"><i lang="he-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Challah" title="Challah">challah</a></i></span>).</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Kogel_mogel" title="Kogel mogel">Kogel mogel</a></i></span> (<a href="/wiki/Eggnog" title="Eggnog">eggnog</a>) – Made from egg yolks, sugar, and flavourings such as honey, vanilla, or cocoa. Traditional for Polish Jews.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Kr%C3%B3wki" title="Krówki">Krówki</a></i></span> – Polish <a href="/wiki/Fudge" title="Fudge">fudge</a>; soft milk <a href="/wiki/Toffee" title="Toffee">toffee</a> candies.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Napoleonka" title="Napoleonka">Napoleonka</a></i></span> – Polish type of <a href="/wiki/Cream_pie" title="Cream pie">cream pie</a> made of two layers of <a href="/wiki/Puff_pastry" title="Puff pastry">puff pastry</a>, filled with vanilla pastry cream, usually sprinkled with <a href="/wiki/Powdered_sugar" title="Powdered sugar">powdered sugar</a>. A close relative of the French <a href="/wiki/Millefeuille" class="mw-redirect" title="Millefeuille">millefeuille</a>. An alternative but less popular version is <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">kremówka</i></span>, often filled with whipped cream instead of custard cream.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Fruitcake" title="Fruitcake">Keks</a></i></span> – Cake with candied and dried fruit.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Babka" title="Babka">Babka</a></i></span> – Polish version of a <a href="/wiki/Pound_cake" title="Pound cake">pound cake</a>, made with or without yeast. It is served with powdered sugar or icing. Can be made as a <a href="/wiki/Marble_cake" title="Marble cake">marble cake</a>.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Miodownik_(cake)" title="Miodownik (cake)">Miodownik</a></i></span> – Layered honey cake filled with vanilla pastry cream and <a href="/wiki/Ganache" title="Ganache">ganache</a> on top.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Orzechowiec</i></span> – Layered nut cake filled with vanilla pastry cream and <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Dulce_de_leche" title="Dulce de leche">kajmak</a></i></span>, topped with chopped nuts.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Carrot_cake" title="Carrot cake">Ciasto marchewkowe</a></i></span> – Carrot cake with added nuts and honey, sometimes layered with whipped cream.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Ciasto bez pieczenia / na zimno</i></span> – Various types of unbaked and refrigerated cakes made of biscuits, <a href="/wiki/Ladyfinger_(biscuit)" title="Ladyfinger (biscuit)">ladyfingers</a>, crackers, or sponge cake with vanilla, whipped cream, coconut, jelly, mascarpone, semolina, or poppy seed filling. Often topped with ganache.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Karpatka" title="Karpatka">Karpatka</a></i></span> – Cream pie made of two layers of choux pastry filled with vanilla pastry cream.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Wuzetka" title="Wuzetka">Wuzetka</a></i></span> – Layered chocolate sponge cake filled with jam and whipped cream, associated with <a href="/wiki/Warsaw" title="Warsaw">Warsaw</a>.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Ptasie_mleczko" title="Ptasie mleczko">Ptasie mleczko</a></i></span> – Chocolate-covered candy filled with soft <a href="/wiki/Meringue" title="Meringue">meringue</a> (or milk <a href="/wiki/Souffl%C3%A9" title="Soufflé">soufflé</a>).</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Kissel" title="Kissel">Kisiel</a></i></span> – Clear, jelly-like sweet fruit liquid, made with starch, sugar, and fruits or fruit juice.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Pudding" title="Pudding">Budyń</a></i></span> – Pudding that usually comes in many different flavours, such as sweet cream, vanilla, chocolate, cherry, and more.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Faworki" class="mw-redirect" title="Faworki">Faworki</a></i></span> – Light fried pastry covered with powdered sugar.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Pańska Skórka</i></span>, <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Miodek</i></span> – Hard <a href="/wiki/Taffy_(candy)" title="Taffy (candy)">taffy</a> sold at cemeteries during <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Zaduszki" title="Zaduszki">Zaduszki</a></i></span> and at <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Warsaw_Old_Town" class="mw-redirect" title="Warsaw Old Town">Stare Miasto</a></i></span> (Old Town) in <a href="/wiki/Warsaw" title="Warsaw">Warsaw</a>.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Kutia" title="Kutia">Kutia</a></i></span> – Grain dish made with wheat, poppy seeds, nuts, raisins, and honey. Not traditionally Polish, but served during Christmas in the eastern regions like <a href="/wiki/Bia%C5%82ystok" title="Białystok">Białystok</a> and <a href="/wiki/Podlachia" title="Podlachia">Podlachia</a>.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Prince_Polo" title="Prince Polo">Prince Polo</a></i></span> - Polish chocolate bar.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Mieszanka Wedlowska</i></span> – Assorted chocolate covered candy.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Torcik Wedlowski</i></span> – Large, circular, chocolate covered wafer with hand-made decorations.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Pawełek</i></span> – Chocolate bar with a flavoured filling, most popular contains <a href="/wiki/Advocaat" title="Advocaat">advocaat</a>.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Śliwka w czekoladzie</i></span> – <a href="/wiki/Chocolate-covered_prune" title="Chocolate-covered prune">Chocolate-covered prune</a>.</li> <li><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Ryż z jabłkami</i></span> – Type of a rice pudding baked or cooked with apples and cinnamon.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Beverages">Beverages</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Polish_cuisine&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Beverages"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Beer_in_Poland" title="Beer in Poland">Beer in Poland</a> and <a href="/wiki/Polmos" title="Polmos">Polmos</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Alcohol">Alcohol</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Polish_cuisine&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Alcohol"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1273380762/mw-parser-output/.tmulti" /><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:292px;max-width:292px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:147px;max-width:147px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:209px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Porter_zywiec.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Porter_zywiec.jpg/145px-Porter_zywiec.jpg" decoding="async" width="145" height="209" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Porter_zywiec.jpg/218px-Porter_zywiec.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Porter_zywiec.jpg/290px-Porter_zywiec.jpg 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="432" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><span title="Polish-language text"><span lang="pl" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="/wiki/%C5%BBywiec_Brewery" title="Żywiec Brewery">Żywiec Brewery</a></span></span> Baltic porter beer. Poland is Europe's third largest beer producer, producing 36.9 million <a href="/wiki/Hectolitres" class="mw-redirect" title="Hectolitres">hectolitres</a>.</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:141px;max-width:141px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:209px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mi%C3%B3d_Pitny_P%C3%B3%C5%82torak.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Mi%C3%B3d_Pitny_P%C3%B3%C5%82torak.JPG/139px-Mi%C3%B3d_Pitny_P%C3%B3%C5%82torak.JPG" decoding="async" width="139" height="209" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Mi%C3%B3d_Pitny_P%C3%B3%C5%82torak.JPG/209px-Mi%C3%B3d_Pitny_P%C3%B3%C5%82torak.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Mi%C3%B3d_Pitny_P%C3%B3%C5%82torak.JPG/278px-Mi%C3%B3d_Pitny_P%C3%B3%C5%82torak.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2136" data-file-height="3216" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Mead" title="Mead">Mead</a> <span title="Polish-language text"><span lang="pl" style="font-style: normal;">Półtorak</span></span>, made from natural <a href="/wiki/Honey" title="Honey">honey</a> and grape fruit, 16% alc. 750 ml (26 imp fl oz; 25 US fl oz).</div></div></div></div></div> <p>Traditional Polish alcoholic beverages include <a href="/wiki/Mead" title="Mead">mead</a>, <a href="/wiki/Beer" title="Beer">beer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vodka" title="Vodka">vodka</a> (<a href="/wiki/Old_Polish" title="Old Polish">Old Polish</a>: <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">okowita</i></span>, <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">gorzała</i></span>), and to a lesser extent, <a href="/wiki/Wine" title="Wine">wine</a>. In recent decades, <a href="/wiki/Beer" title="Beer">beer</a> has become very common: popular are both traditional Polish beer styles like <a href="/wiki/Baltic_porter" class="mw-redirect" title="Baltic porter">Baltic porter</a> and oak-smoked <a href="/wiki/Grodziskie" title="Grodziskie">Grodziskie</a> and also many other styles brewed by many small craft breweries. <a href="/wiki/Wine" title="Wine">Wine</a> is less frequently drunk, however, in recent years, the consumption of wine has risen along with increasing production of local grape wines in small vineyards in <a href="/wiki/Lesser_Poland" title="Lesser Poland">Lesser Poland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Podkarpackie_Voivodeship" class="mw-redirect" title="Podkarpackie Voivodeship">Subcarpathia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Silesia" title="Silesia">Silesia</a>, and <a href="/wiki/West_Pomeranian_Voivodeship" title="West Pomeranian Voivodeship">West Pomerania</a> regions. </p><p>Among alcoholic beverages, Polish vodka—traditionally prepared from grain or potatoes—has essentially displaced the formerly widespread <a href="/wiki/Mead" title="Mead">mead</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ejpau.media.pl_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ejpau.media.pl-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:02015_Apfelwein,_Krakau_0698.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/02015_Apfelwein%2C_Krakau_0698.JPG/220px-02015_Apfelwein%2C_Krakau_0698.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/02015_Apfelwein%2C_Krakau_0698.JPG/330px-02015_Apfelwein%2C_Krakau_0698.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/02015_Apfelwein%2C_Krakau_0698.JPG/440px-02015_Apfelwein%2C_Krakau_0698.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4812" data-file-height="3008" /></a><figcaption>Polish <a href="/wiki/Cider" title="Cider">cider</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Some sources suggest that the first production of vodka took place in Poland as early as the 8th century, becoming more widespread in the 11th century.<sup id="cite_ref-The_Gin_and_Vodka_Association_GVA_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_Gin_and_Vodka_Association_GVA-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The world's first written mention of the drink and of the word "vodka" was in 1405 from <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Akta Grodzkie</i></span> <a href="/wiki/Recorder_of_deeds" title="Recorder of deeds">recorder of deeds</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-KRPS_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KRPS-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="What is "Akta Grodzkie"? Is it a person, a title, the name of a document, or something else? (December 2022)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> the court documents from the <a href="/wiki/Sandomierz_Voivodship" class="mw-redirect" title="Sandomierz Voivodship">Palatinate of Sandomierz</a> in Poland.<sup id="cite_ref-KRPS_11-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KRPS-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Vodka production on a much larger scale began in Poland at the end of the 16th century. By the 17th and 18th centuries, Polish vodka was known in the Netherlands, Denmark, England, Russia, Germany, Austria, Hungary, Romania, Ukraine, Bulgaria, and the Black Sea basin.<sup id="cite_ref-Wiwała_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wiwała-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Vodka was the most popular alcoholic drink in Poland until 1998, when it was surpassed by beer.<sup id="cite_ref-ejpau.media.pl_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ejpau.media.pl-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Beside clear vodkas, flavoured vodka (known as <a href="/wiki/Nalewka" title="Nalewka">nalewka</a>) and liqueurs are also popular. The most important are <a href="/wiki/%C5%BBubr%C3%B3wka" title="Żubrówka">Żubrówka</a> (vodka with <a href="/wiki/Bison_grass" class="mw-redirect" title="Bison grass">bison grass</a> from <a href="/wiki/Podlaskie" class="mw-redirect" title="Podlaskie">Podlaskie</a>), herbal <a href="/wiki/%C5%BBo%C5%82%C4%85dkowa_Gorzka" class="mw-redirect" title="Żołądkowa Gorzka">Żołądkowa Gorzka</a>, aged <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Starka" title="Starka">starka</a></i></span>, plum brandy <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Slivovitz" title="Slivovitz">śliwowica</a></i></span> (especially from <a href="/wiki/%C5%9Aliwowica_%C5%82%C4%85cka" title="Śliwowica łącka">Łącko</a>), honey liqueur <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/Krupnik" title="Krupnik">krupnik</a></i></span>, as well as <a href="/wiki/Goldwasser" title="Goldwasser">Goldwasser</a> (herbal liqueur with flakes of gold leaf) and juniper vodka <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Machandel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Machandel (page does not exist)">machandel</a></i></span>, both originating from <a href="/wiki/Gda%C5%84sk" title="Gdańsk">Gdańsk</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Non-alcoholic_drinks">Non-alcoholic drinks</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Polish_cuisine&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Non-alcoholic drinks"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Kvass#Poland" title="Kvass">Kvass § Poland</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Kefir" title="Kefir">Kefir</a></div> <p>Traditionally, <a href="/wiki/Kvass" title="Kvass">kvass</a> (<span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">kwas chlebowy</i></span>) was a <a href="/wiki/Fermented_beverage" class="mw-redirect" title="Fermented beverage">fermented beverage</a> first popular among the peasantry, but it later spread to the <a href="/wiki/Szlachta" title="Szlachta">szlachta</a> and became a universal Polish drink by the 14th-15th centuries.<sup id="cite_ref-gazolsz_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gazolsz-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is typically made from rye bread, usually known as <a href="/wiki/Black_bread" class="mw-redirect" title="Black bread">black bread</a>, and is not classified as an alcoholic beverage in Poland, as its <a href="/wiki/Alcohol_proof" title="Alcohol proof">alcohol content</a> usually ranges from 0% to 2%.<sup id="cite_ref-gazolsz_36-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gazolsz-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are many commercial and family variations of the beverage; however, traditional Polish recipes still exist.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Despite its production on an industrial scale in Poland during the <a href="/wiki/Interwar_period" title="Interwar period">interbellum</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> it began to lose popularity to mass-produced <a href="/wiki/Soft_drinks" class="mw-redirect" title="Soft drinks">soft drinks</a> and carbonated water in the 20th century.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It remained known primarily in rural areas of eastern Poland.<sup id="cite_ref-kchsk_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kchsk-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, kvass started making a comeback in the 21st century, with many new Polish brands being started.<sup id="cite_ref-ministerstwo_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ministerstwo-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Since the turn of the century, <a href="/wiki/Tea" title="Tea">tea</a> is perhaps the most popular beverage, usually served with a slice of lemon and sweetened with either sugar or honey. Tea came to Poland from England shortly after its appearance in <a href="/wiki/Western_Europe" title="Western Europe">Western Europe</a>, mainly due to the Dutch merchants. However, its prevalence is attributed to the Russians in the 19th century – at this time <a href="/wiki/Samovar" title="Samovar">samovars</a> imported from Russia become commonplace in Polish homes. Tea with milk is called <span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">bawarka</i></span> (<abbr style="font-size:85%" title="literal translation">lit.</abbr><span style="white-space: nowrap;"> </span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span><span class="gloss-text">Bavarian style</span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span>).<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Coffee" title="Coffee">Coffee</a> has been widely drunk since the 18th century, when Poland bordered the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a>. </p><p>Other frequently consumed beverages include <a href="/wiki/Buttermilk" title="Buttermilk">buttermilk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kefir" title="Kefir">kefir</a>, <a href="/wiki/Soured_milk" title="Soured milk">soured milk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Instant_coffee" title="Instant coffee">instant coffee</a>, various <a href="/wiki/Mineral_water" title="Mineral water">mineral waters</a>, <a href="/wiki/Juice" title="Juice">juices</a>, and numerous brands of <a href="/wiki/Soft_drink" title="Soft drink">soft drinks</a>. A considerable number of Poles enjoy <a href="/wiki/Carbonated_water" title="Carbonated water">carbonated water</a>, and customers in restaurants are always offered both still and sparkling (carbonated) water to drink.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lists_of_common_Polish_dishes_found_on_a_national_level">Lists of common Polish dishes found on a national level</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Polish_cuisine&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Lists of common Polish dishes found on a national level"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Polish_cuisine_dishes#Soups" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Polish cuisine dishes">List of common Polish soups</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Polish_cuisine_dishes#Main_course" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Polish cuisine dishes">Common main courses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Polish_cuisine_dishes#Dessert" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Polish cuisine dishes">Common desserts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Polish_cuisine_dishes#Beverages" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Polish cuisine dishes">Common beverages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Polish_cuisine_dishes#Folk_medicine" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Polish cuisine dishes">Common folk medicine</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Polish_cuisine&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Polish_desserts" title="List of Polish desserts">List of Polish desserts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Polish_dishes" title="List of Polish dishes">List of Polish dishes</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Polish_cuisine&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-polishmeals-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-polishmeals_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.polishmeals.com/">Polish Meals – Polish Food – Polish Cuisine</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170328225247/http://www.polishmeals.com/">Archived</a> 28 March 2017 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Retrieved 6 June 2011.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-websters-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-websters_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.websters-online-dictionary.org/definitions/kasha?cx=partner-pub-0939450753529744%3Av0qd01-tdlq&cof=FORID%3A9&ie=UTF-8&q=kasha&sa=Search#906">Kasha, extended definition</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130531001845/http://www.websters-online-dictionary.org/definitions/kasha?cx=partner-pub-0939450753529744%3Av0qd01-tdlq&cof=FORID%3A9&ie=UTF-8&q=kasha&sa=Search">Archived</a> 31 May 2013 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> by <a href="/wiki/Webster%27s" class="mw-redirect" title="Webster's">Webster's</a> Online Dictionary. Retrieved 6 June 2011.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Always home-made, tomato soup is one of the first things a Polish cook learns to prepare." [in:] Marc E. Heine. Poland. 1987</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Tu się w lasy schroniły wygnane ze zbytkowych stołów, narodowe potrawy, <a href="/wiki/Barszcz" class="mw-redirect" title="Barszcz">Barszcz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bigos" title="Bigos">Bigos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zrazy" title="Zrazy">Zrazy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pierogi" title="Pierogi">Pirogi</a> i <a href="/wiki/Roast" class="mw-redirect" title="Roast">Pieczeń</a>" [in:] Jan N. de Bobrowicz. Maxymilian arcyksiąże Austryacki obrany Król polski. 1848. s. 74; "<a href="/wiki/Barszcz" class="mw-redirect" title="Barszcz">barszcz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ros%C3%B3%C5%82" title="Rosół">rosół</a>, sztuka mięsa, pieczenie huzarskie, <a href="/wiki/Bigos" title="Bigos">bigos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pierogi" title="Pierogi">pierogi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kie%C5%82basa" class="mw-redirect" title="Kiełbasa">kiełbasa</a> z kapustą, przede wszystkim zaś rozmaite kasze" Zbigniew Kuchowicz Obyczaje staropolskie XVII-XVIII wieku. 1975; "pieczeń cielęca pieczona (panierowana), pieczeń cielęca zapiekana w sosie beszamelowym, pieczeń huzarska (=pieczeń wołowa przekładana farszem), pieczeń rzymska (klops), pieczeń rzymska (klops z cielęciny) w sosie śmietanowym, pieczeń rzymska z królika " [in:] Stanisław Berger. Kuchnia polska. 1974.; Polish Holiday Cookery by Robert Strybel. <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=eXuO_-KMm2sC&pg=PA89">[1]</a> 2003</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cooksinfo.com/a-la-polonaise">"À la Polonaise"</a>. <i>CooksInfo</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CooksInfo&rft.atitle=%C3%80+la+Polonaise&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cooksinfo.com%2Fa-la-polonaise&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APolish+cuisine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thespruceeats.com/what-does-a-la-polonaise-mean-1135565">"Do You Know What Garnishing à la Polonaise Means? Read On"</a>. <i>The Spruce Eats</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Spruce+Eats&rft.atitle=Do+You+Know+What+Garnishing+%C3%A0+la+Polonaise+Means%3F+Read+On&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thespruceeats.com%2Fwhat-does-a-la-polonaise-mean-1135565&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APolish+cuisine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Strybel-350-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Strybel-350_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Robert Strybel, Maria Strybel. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=UtA6-pyGJmMC&lpg=PA321"><i>Polish Heritage Cookery</i></a> (<i>Wildfowl and Game</i>). <a href="/wiki/Hippocrene_Books" title="Hippocrene Books">Hippocrene Books</a>. 2005. p. 350.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Maria_Dembi%C5%84ska" title="Maria Dembińska">Maria Dembińska</a>, William Woys Weaver. <i>Food and Drink in Medieval Poland: Rediscovering a Cuisine of the Past</i>. <a href="/wiki/University_of_Pennsylvania_Press" title="University of Pennsylvania Press">University of Pennsylvania Press</a>. 1999 p. 95.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Nowak-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Nowak_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWojciech_Staszewski2006" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Wojciech Staszewski (August 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130113131505/http://serwisy.gazeta.pl/df/1,34467,3558017.html">"Bycze jądra z grilla"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Gazeta_Wyborcza" title="Gazeta Wyborcza">Gazeta Wyborcza</a></i> (in Polish). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://serwisy.gazeta.pl/df/1,34467,3558017.html">the original</a> on January 13, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 August</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Gazeta+Wyborcza&rft.atitle=Bycze+j%C4%85dra+z+grilla&rft.date=2006-08&rft.au=Wojciech+Staszewski&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fserwisy.gazeta.pl%2Fdf%2F1%2C34467%2C3558017.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APolish+cuisine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-beer100-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-beer100_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.beer100.com/history/meadhistory.htm">History of Mead</a>, a favored drink among the Polish-Lithuanian <a href="/wiki/Szlachta" title="Szlachta">szlachta</a>. Retrieved 6 June 2011.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-KRPS-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-KRPS_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KRPS_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KRPS_11-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KRPS_11-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070930131416/http://krps.pl/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=17&Itemid=27">"History of vodka production, at the official page of Polish Spirit Industry Association (KRPS), 2007"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://krps.pl/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=17&Itemid=27">the original</a> on 30 September 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=History+of+vodka+production%2C+at+the+official+page+of+Polish+Spirit+Industry+Association+%28KRPS%29%2C+2007&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fkrps.pl%2Findex.php%3Foption%3Dcom_content%26task%3Dview%26id%3D17%26Itemid%3D27&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APolish+cuisine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-wplywy-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-wplywy_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-wplywy_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-wplywy_12-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-wplywy_12-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-wplywy_12-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFJerzy_Pasikowski2011" class="citation web cs1">Jerzy Pasikowski (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120327182357/http://newsgastro.pl/jerzy-pasikowski-radzi/88908-wpywy-kuchni-innych-narodow-na-ksztat-kuchni-polskiej.html">"Wpływy kuchni innych narodów na kształt kuchni polskiej (Influences of cuisines of other nations in Polish cuisine)"</a>. Portal Gastronomiczny NewsGastro. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://newsgastro.pl/jerzy-pasikowski-radzi/88908-wpywy-kuchni-innych-narodow-na-ksztat-kuchni-polskiej.html">the original</a> on 27 March 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 July</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Wp%C5%82ywy+kuchni+innych+narod%C3%B3w+na+kszta%C5%82t+kuchni+polskiej+%28Influences+of+cuisines+of+other+nations+in+Polish+cuisine%29&rft.pub=Portal+Gastronomiczny+NewsGastro&rft.date=2011&rft.au=Jerzy+Pasikowski&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnewsgastro.pl%2Fjerzy-pasikowski-radzi%2F88908-wpywy-kuchni-innych-narodow-na-ksztat-kuchni-polskiej.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APolish+cuisine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.onmanorama.com/food/features/2018/10/14/poland-cuisine.html">"The eclectic cuisine of Poland"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 October</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+eclectic+cuisine+of+Poland&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.onmanorama.com%2Ffood%2Ffeatures%2F2018%2F10%2F14%2Fpoland-cuisine.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APolish+cuisine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Robert Strybel, Maria Strybel. <i>Polish Heritage Cookery</i>. <a href="/wiki/Hippocrene_Books" title="Hippocrene Books">Hippocrene Books</a>. 2005. p. 13.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Jarosław Dumanowski: "Staropolskie książki kucharskie". <i>Mówią Wieki</i>, 12/09 (December 2009), pp. 36–40. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:1230-4018">1230-4018</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://culture.pl/en/article/19th-century-polish-womens-cookbooks-the-hatching-of-a-social-monster">"19th-Century Polish Women's Cookbooks: The Hatching of a Social Monster"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 October</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=19th-Century+Polish+Women%27s+Cookbooks%3A+The+Hatching+of+a+Social+Monster&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fculture.pl%2Fen%2Farticle%2F19th-century-polish-womens-cookbooks-the-hatching-of-a-social-monster&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APolish+cuisine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://culture.pl/en/article/antique-cookbooks-the-meals-of-polands-past">"Antique Cookbooks:The Meals of Poland's Past"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 October</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Antique+Cookbooks%3AThe+Meals+of+Poland%27s+Past&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fculture.pl%2Fen%2Farticle%2Fantique-cookbooks-the-meals-of-polands-past&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APolish+cuisine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Jako zakonnik Święty Jacek działał w Polsce i na Rusi, był także przeorem w Kijowie, a stamtąd właśnie przyszły do nas wigilijne pierogi, knysze, kulebiaki. ..." [in:] Helena Szymanderska. Polska wigilia. 2000</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://polishhousewife.com/kotlet-schwabowy/">"KOTLET SCHABOWY (POLISH PORK CUTLET)"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 October</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=KOTLET+SCHABOWY+%28POLISH+PORK+CUTLET%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpolishhousewife.com%2Fkotlet-schwabowy%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APolish+cuisine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldfoodstory.co.uk/recipe/kotlet-schabowy">"Kotlet schabowy"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 October</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Kotlet+schabowy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldfoodstory.co.uk%2Frecipe%2Fkotlet-schabowy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APolish+cuisine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://culture.pl/en/article/10-surprising-eating-habits-from-the-communist-regime-era">"10 Surprising Eating Habits from the Communist-Regime Era"</a>. <i>Culture.pl</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Culture.pl&rft.atitle=10+Surprising+Eating+Habits+from+the+Communist-Regime+Era&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fculture.pl%2Fen%2Farticle%2F10-surprising-eating-habits-from-the-communist-regime-era&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APolish+cuisine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://crooksandliars.com/2021/12/wigilia-polish-christmas-eve-tradition-1">"Wigilia, A Polish Christmas Eve Tradition"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 October</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Taste+Szczecin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvisitszczecin.eu%2Fen%2Ftaste-szczecin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APolish+cuisine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Rose Petal Jam - Recipes and Stories from a Summer in Poland, by Beata Zatorska and <a href="/wiki/Simon_Target" title="Simon Target">Simon Target</a>, published by Tabula Books 2011</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Rzeczpospolita <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121004130611/http://www.rp.pl/artykul/636290.html">"Dżem z płatków róży, czyli kuchnia polska po angielsku | rp.pl"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rp.pl/artykul/636290.html">the original</a> on 4 October 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 October</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=D%C5%BCem+z+p%C5%82atk%C3%B3w+r%C3%B3%C5%BCy%2C+czyli+kuchnia+polska+po+angielsku+%26%23124%3B+rp.pl&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rp.pl%2Fartykul%2F636290.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APolish+cuisine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tasteatlas.com/best/cuisines">"100 Best Cuisines"</a>. <i>tasteatlas.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-05-26</span></span>. <q>W wieku XX kwas został zapomniany, wyparty przez wody gazowane i inne słodkie napoje.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=kwaschlebowy.eu&rft.atitle=Historia+kwasu+chlebowego&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kwaschlebowy.eu%2Fprodukt%2Fkwas-chlebowy-tradycyjny%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APolish+cuisine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-kchsk-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-kchsk_41-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gov.pl/web/rolnictwo/kwas-chlebowy-sapiezynski-kodenski">"Kwas chlebowy sapieżyński kodeński"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Agriculture_and_Rural_Development_(Poland)" title="Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (Poland)">Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development of Poland</a>. 2 July 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 July</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Kwas+chlebowy+sapie%C5%BCy%C5%84ski+kode%C5%84ski&rft.pub=Ministry+of+Agriculture+and+Rural+Development+of+Poland&rft.date=2018-07-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gov.pl%2Fweb%2Frolnictwo%2Fkwas-chlebowy-sapiezynski-kodenski&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APolish+cuisine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ministerstwo-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ministerstwo_42-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMucha2018" class="citation web cs1">Mucha, Sławomir (2018-06-03). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gov.pl/web/rolnictwo/kwas-chlebowy">"Kwas chlebowy"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Agriculture_and_Rural_Development_(Poland)" title="Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (Poland)">Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development of Poland</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-05-26</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Kwas+chlebowy&rft.pub=Ministry+of+Agriculture+and+Rural+Development+of+Poland&rft.date=2018-06-03&rft.aulast=Mucha&rft.aufirst=S%C5%82awomir&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gov.pl%2Fweb%2Frolnictwo%2Fkwas-chlebowy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APolish+cuisine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://glosbe.com/">"Bawarka in English, translation, Polish-English Dictionary"</a>. <i>Glosbe</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Glosbe&rft.atitle=Bawarka+in+English%2C+translation%2C+Polish-English+Dictionary&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fglosbe.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APolish+cuisine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://innpoland.pl/138181,pijemy-ja-na-potege-a-ma-zrace-dzialanie-na-nasz-organizm-badania-pokazuja-ze-jej-kupno-oznacza-wyrok-dla-zdrowia">"Pijemy ją na potęgę, a ma "żrące" działanie na nasz organizm. Badania pokazują, że jej kupno oznacza wyrok dla zdrowia"</a>. <i>INNPoland.pl</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=INNPoland.pl&rft.atitle=Pijemy+j%C4%85+na+pot%C4%99g%C4%99%2C+a+ma+%22%C5%BCr%C4%85ce%22+dzia%C5%82anie+na+nasz+organizm.+Badania+pokazuj%C4%85%2C+%C5%BCe+jej+kupno+oznacza+wyrok+dla+zdrowia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Finnpoland.pl%2F138181%2Cpijemy-ja-na-potege-a-ma-zrace-dzialanie-na-nasz-organizm-badania-pokazuja-ze-jej-kupno-oznacza-wyrok-dla-zdrowia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APolish+cuisine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Polish_cuisine&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media 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href="http://www.polishdeli.info/polish,cuisine.php">Short summary of the Polish Cuisine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://culture.pl/en/topics/polish-cuisine">Polish Cuisine</a> on Culture.pl</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output 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0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.5em;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Polish_history" title="Timeline of Polish history">Timeline</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prehistory_and_protohistory_of_Poland" title="Prehistory and protohistory of Poland">Prehistory and protohistory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Poland_in_the_Middle_Ages" title="History of Poland in the Middle Ages">Middle Ages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Polish_monarchs" title="List of Polish monarchs">Monarchs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Poland_in_the_early_modern_period_(1569%E2%80%931795)" title="History of Poland in the early modern period (1569–1795)">Early Modern <span style="font-size:85%;">(1569–1795)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Poland_(1795%E2%80%931918)" title="History of Poland (1795–1918)">Partitions, duchies and kingdoms <span style="font-size:85%;">(1795–1918)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Poland_during_World_War_I" title="History of Poland during World War I">World War I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Poland_(1918%E2%80%931939)" title="History of Poland (1918–1939)">Interwar years</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Poland_(1939%E2%80%931945)" title="History of Poland (1939–1945)">World War II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Poland_(1945%E2%80%931989)" title="History of Poland (1945–1989)">Communist Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Poland_(1989%E2%80%93present)" title="History of Poland (1989–present)">Poland since 1989</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.5em;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">By topic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_history_of_Poland" title="Cultural history of Poland">Cultural</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographic_history_of_Poland" title="Demographic history of Poland">Demographic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Economic_history_of_Poland" title="Category:Economic history of Poland">Economic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Polish_Army" title="History of the Polish Army">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postage_stamps_and_postal_history_of_Poland" title="Postage stamps and postal history of Poland">Postal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abolition_of_serfdom_in_Poland" title="Abolition of serfdom in Poland">Abolition of serfdom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Poland" title="Geography of Poland">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_and_towns_in_Poland" title="List of cities and towns in Poland">Cities and towns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forests_of_Poland" title="Forests of Poland">Forests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Poland" title="List of islands of Poland">Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lakes_of_Poland" title="List of lakes of Poland">Lakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mountains_in_Poland" title="List of mountains in Poland">Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Parks_of_Poland" title="National Parks of Poland">National parks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poland_A_and_B" title="Poland A and B">Poland A and B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protected_areas_of_Poland" title="Protected areas of Poland">Protected areas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_Poland" title="Regions of Poland">Regions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_Poland" title="List of rivers of Poland">Rivers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Poland" title="Politics of Poland">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Poland" title="Administrative divisions of Poland">Administrative divisions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_European_Initiative" title="Central European Initiative">Central European Initiative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_change_in_Poland" title="Climate change in Poland">Climate change</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Poland" title="Constitution of Poland">Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corruption_in_Poland" title="Corruption in Poland">Corruption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Poland" title="Elections in Poland">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Poland" title="Foreign relations of Poland">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Poland" title="Human rights in Poland">Human rights</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Poland" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Poland">LGBT</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judiciary_of_Poland" title="Judiciary of Poland">Judiciary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Poland" title="Law of Poland">Law</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gun_laws_in_Poland" title="Gun laws in Poland">Gun laws</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement_in_Poland" title="Law enforcement in Poland">Law enforcement</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Police_of_Poland" title="Police of Poland">Police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prison_Service_(Poland)" title="Prison Service (Poland)">Prison Service</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_Armed_Forces" title="Polish Armed Forces">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Poland" title="Parliament of Poland">Parliament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Poland" title="List of political parties in Poland">Political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_Polish_politicians" title="Lists of Polish politicians">Politicians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Poland" title="President of Poland">President</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_heads_of_state_of_Poland" title="List of heads of state of Poland">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Poland" title="President of Poland">Prime Minister</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_prime_ministers_of_Poland" title="List of prime ministers of Poland">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_prisoners_in_Poland" title="Political prisoners in Poland">Political prisoners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visegr%C3%A1d_Group" title="Visegrád Group">Visegrád Group</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Poland" title="Economy of Poland">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Poland" title="Agriculture in Poland">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balcerowicz_Plan" title="Balcerowicz Plan">Balcerowicz Plan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Bank_of_Poland" title="National Bank of Poland">Central bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Economic_history_of_Poland" title="Category:Economic history of Poland">Economic history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exclusive_economic_zone_of_Poland" title="Exclusive economic zone of Poland">EEZ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_in_Poland" title="Energy in Poland">Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_exports_of_Poland" title="List of exports of Poland">Exports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_Merchant_Navy" title="Polish Merchant Navy">Merchant Navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mines_in_Poland" title="List of mines in Poland">Mining</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poverty_in_Poland" title="Poverty in Poland">Poverty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_regions_of_Poland_by_GDP" title="List of regions of Poland by GDP">Regional GDP per capita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warsaw_Stock_Exchange" title="Warsaw Stock Exchange">Stock exchange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Poland" title="Tourism in Poland">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Poland" title="Transport in Poland">Transport</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_Poland" title="Rail transport in Poland">Rail</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Polish_railway_signalling" title="Polish railway signalling">Railway signalling</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unemployment_in_Poland" title="Unemployment in Poland">Unemployment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upper_Silesian_Industrial_Region" title="Upper Silesian Industrial Region">Upper Silesian Industrial Region</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venture_capital_in_Poland" title="Venture capital in Poland">Venture capital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_z%C5%82oty" title="Polish złoty">Złoty <span style="font-size:85%;">(currency)</span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Society_of_Poland" title="Category:Society of Poland">Society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lawyers_in_Poland" title="Lawyers in Poland">Lawyers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Poland" title="Culture of Poland">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_Poland" title="Architecture of Poland">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_art" title="Polish art">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Poland" title="Cinema of Poland">Cinema</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cuisine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Polish_wine" title="Polish wine">Wine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_folk_beliefs" title="Polish folk beliefs">Folk beliefs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_folk_dances" title="Polish folk dances">Folk dances</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_literature" title="Polish literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_media_in_Poland" title="Mass media in Poland">Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Poland" title="Music of Poland">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Names_of_Poland" title="Names of Poland">Names</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_names" title="Polish names">Polish names</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Name_days_in_Poland" title="Name days in Poland">Name days</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Poland" title="Public holidays in Poland">Public holidays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Poland" title="Religion in Poland">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_Poland" title="Sport in Poland">Sport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theatre_of_Poland" title="Theatre of Poland">Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Polish_traditions" title="Category:Polish traditions">Traditions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Video_games_in_Poland" title="Video games in Poland">Video games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Poland" title="List of World Heritage Sites in Poland">World Heritage Sites</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Poland" title="Demographics of Poland">Demographics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Polish_people" title="Polish people">Poles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_minorities_in_Poland" title="Ethnic minorities in Poland">Ethnic minorities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Refugees_in_Poland" title="Refugees in Poland">Refugees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Poland" title="Crime in Poland">Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Poland" title="Education in Poland">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_care_in_Poland" title="Health care in Poland">Health care</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Poland" title="Languages of Poland">Languages</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/National_symbols_of_Poland" title="National symbols of Poland">Symbols</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Poland_Is_Not_Yet_Lost" title="Poland Is Not Yet Lost">Anthem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Poland" title="Coat of arms of Poland">Coat of arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Poland" title="Flag of Poland">Flag</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Polish_flags" title="List of Polish flags">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orders,_decorations,_and_medals_of_Poland" title="Orders, decorations, and medals of Poland">Orders and decorations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polonia_(personification)" title="Polonia (personification)">Polonia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div><div style="margin-bottom:-0.4em;"><ul><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Poland" title="Outline of Poland">Outline</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Poland" title="Category:Poland">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Poland" title="Portal:Poland">Portal</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Polish_cheeses41" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Polish_cheeses" title="Template:Polish cheeses"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Polish_cheeses" title="Template talk:Polish cheeses"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Polish_cheeses" 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class="mw-redirect" title="Tylżycki">Tylżycki</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="European_cuisine367" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:European_topic" title="Template:European topic"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:European_topic" title="Template talk:European topic"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:European_topic" title="Special:EditPage/Template:European topic"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="European_cuisine367" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/European_cuisine" title="European cuisine">European cuisine</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states" title="List of sovereign states">Sovereign states</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Member_state_of_the_European_Union" title="Member state of the European Union">European Union</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Austrian_cuisine" title="Austrian cuisine">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belgian_cuisine" title="Belgian cuisine">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_cuisine" title="Bulgarian cuisine">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_cuisine" title="Croatian cuisine">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cypriot_cuisine" title="Cypriot cuisine">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czech_cuisine" title="Czech cuisine">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danish_cuisine" title="Danish cuisine">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonian_cuisine" title="Estonian cuisine">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finnish_cuisine" title="Finnish cuisine">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_cuisine" title="French cuisine">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_cuisine" title="German cuisine">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_cuisine" title="Greek cuisine">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_cuisine" title="Hungarian cuisine">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_cuisine" title="Irish cuisine">Republic of Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_cuisine" title="Italian cuisine">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latvian_cuisine" title="Latvian cuisine">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_cuisine" title="Lithuanian cuisine">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luxembourg_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Luxembourg cuisine">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maltese_cuisine" title="Maltese cuisine">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_cuisine" title="Dutch cuisine">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_cuisine" title="Portuguese cuisine">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_cuisine" title="Romanian cuisine">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovak_cuisine" title="Slovak cuisine">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovenian_cuisine" title="Slovenian cuisine">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_cuisine" title="Spanish cuisine">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swedish_cuisine" title="Swedish cuisine">Sweden</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_cuisine" title="Albanian cuisine">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andorran_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Andorran cuisine">Andorra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_cuisine" title="Armenian cuisine">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijani_cuisine" title="Azerbaijani cuisine">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belarusian_cuisine" title="Belarusian cuisine">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina_cuisine" title="Bosnia and Herzegovina cuisine">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgian_cuisine" title="Georgian cuisine">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Icelandic_cuisine" title="Icelandic cuisine">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakh_cuisine" title="Kazakh cuisine">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liechtensteiner_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Liechtensteiner cuisine">Liechtenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moldovan_cuisine" title="Moldovan cuisine">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mon%C3%A9gasque_cuisine" title="Monégasque cuisine">Monaco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montenegrin_cuisine" title="Montenegrin cuisine">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_North_Macedonia" class="mw-redirect" title="Cuisine of North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norwegian_cuisine" title="Norwegian cuisine">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_cuisine" title="Russian cuisine">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sammarinese_cuisine" title="Sammarinese cuisine">San Marino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbian_cuisine" title="Serbian cuisine">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swiss_cuisine" title="Swiss cuisine">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_cuisine" title="Turkish cuisine">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_cuisine" title="Ukrainian cuisine">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_cuisine" title="British cuisine">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Vatican cuisine">Vatican City</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_states_with_limited_recognition" title="List of states with limited recognition">States with limited<br />recognition</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abkhaz_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Abkhaz cuisine">Abkhazia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosovan_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Kosovan cuisine">Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Cypriot_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Turkish Cypriot cuisine">Northern Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Ossetian_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="South Ossetian cuisine">South Ossetia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transnistrian_cuisine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Transnistrian cuisine (page does not exist)">Transnistria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Dependent_territory" title="Dependent territory">Dependencies</a> and<br />other territories</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Faroese_cuisine" title="Faroese cuisine">Faroe Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gibraltarian_cuisine" title="Gibraltarian cuisine">Gibraltar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guernsey_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Guernsey cuisine">Guernsey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manx_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Manx cuisine">Isle of Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jersey_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Jersey cuisine">Jersey</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Cuisines378" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Cuisines" title="Template:Cuisines"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Cuisines" title="Template talk:Cuisines"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Cuisines" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Cuisines"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Cuisines378" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Cuisine" title="Cuisine">Cuisines</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Continental</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/African_cuisine" title="African cuisine">African</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maghrebi_cuisine" title="Maghrebi cuisine">North</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_African_cuisine" title="West African cuisine">West</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_African_cuisines" title="List of African cuisines">list</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_the_Americas" title="Cuisine of the Americas">Americas</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caribbean_cuisine" title="Caribbean cuisine">Caribbean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_cuisine" title="North American cuisine">North</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_American_cuisine" title="South American cuisine">South</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cuisines_of_the_Americas" title="List of cuisines of the Americas">list</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Asian_cuisine" title="Asian cuisine">Asian</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_dishes_from_the_Caucasus" title="List of dishes from the Caucasus">Caucasian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Asian_cuisine" title="Central Asian cuisine">Central</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levantine_cuisine" title="Levantine cuisine">Levantine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Asian_cuisine" title="South Asian cuisine">South</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Asian_cuisines" title="List of Asian cuisines">list</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/European_cuisine" title="European cuisine">European</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balkan_cuisine" title="Balkan cuisine">Balkan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_European_cuisine" title="Central European cuisine">Central</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_European_cuisine" title="Eastern European cuisine">Eastern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_European_cuisines" title="List of European cuisines">list</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Oceanian_cuisine" title="Oceanian cuisine">Oceanian</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australian_cuisine" title="Australian cuisine">Australian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_cuisine" title="New Zealand cuisine">New Zealander</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Intercontinental</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Global_cuisine" title="Global cuisine">Global</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latin_American_cuisine" title="Latin American cuisine">Latin American</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_cuisine" title="Mediterranean cuisine">Mediterranean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_Eastern_cuisine" title="Middle Eastern cuisine">Middle Eastern</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/National_dish" title="National dish">National</a> and<br /><a href="/wiki/Regional_cuisine" title="Regional cuisine">regional</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afghan_cuisine" title="Afghan cuisine">Afghan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_cuisine" title="Albanian cuisine">Albanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Algerian_cuisine" title="Algerian cuisine">Algerian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_cuisine" title="American cuisine">American</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/California_cuisine" title="California cuisine">Californian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Floribbean_cuisine" title="Floribbean cuisine">Floribbean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Hawaii" title="Cuisine of Hawaii">Hawaiian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lowcountry_cuisine" title="Lowcountry cuisine">Lowcountry (South Carolina)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_the_Midwestern_United_States" title="Cuisine of the Midwestern United States">Midwestern US</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_New_England" title="Cuisine of New England">New English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Mexican_cuisine" title="New Mexican cuisine">New Mexican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Northwest_cuisine" title="Pacific Northwest cuisine">Pacific Northwestern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rican_cuisine" title="Puerto Rican cuisine">Puerto Rican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_the_Southern_United_States" title="Cuisine of the Southern United States">Southern US</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_the_Southwestern_United_States" title="Cuisine of the Southwestern United States">Southwestern US</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texan_cuisine" title="Texan cuisine">Texan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angolan_cuisine" title="Angolan cuisine">Angolan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argentine_cuisine" title="Argentine cuisine">Argentine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_cuisine" title="Armenian cuisine">Armenian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australian_cuisine" title="Australian cuisine">Australian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austrian_cuisine" title="Austrian cuisine">Austrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijani_cuisine" title="Azerbaijani cuisine">Azerbaijani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahraini_cuisine" title="Bahraini cuisine">Bahraini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladeshi_cuisine" title="Bangladeshi cuisine">Bangladeshi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbadian_cuisine" title="Barbadian cuisine">Barbadian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belarusian_cuisine" title="Belarusian cuisine">Belarusian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belgian_cuisine" title="Belgian cuisine">Belgian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belizean_cuisine" title="Belizean cuisine">Belizean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benin_cuisine" title="Benin cuisine">Beninese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhutanese_cuisine" title="Bhutanese cuisine">Bhutanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolivian_cuisine" title="Bolivian cuisine">Bolivian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina_cuisine" title="Bosnia and Herzegovina cuisine">Bosnian-Herzegovinian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Botswana_cuisine" title="Botswana cuisine">Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazilian_cuisine" title="Brazilian cuisine">Brazilian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_cuisine" title="British cuisine">British</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anguillian_cuisine" title="Anguillian cuisine">Anguillia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Channel_Islands_cuisine" title="Channel Islands cuisine">Channel Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_cuisine" title="English cuisine">English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gibraltarian_cuisine" title="Gibraltarian cuisine">Gibraltarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Irish_cuisine" title="Northern Irish cuisine">Northern Irish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Saint_Helena" title="Cuisine of Saint Helena">Saint Helena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_cuisine" title="Scottish cuisine">Scottish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_cuisine" title="Welsh cuisine">Welsh</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruneian_cuisine" title="Bruneian cuisine">Bruneian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_cuisine" title="Bulgarian cuisine">Bulgarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burkinabe_cuisine" title="Burkinabe cuisine">Burkinabé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burmese_cuisine" title="Burmese cuisine">Burmese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burundian_cuisine" title="Burundian cuisine">Burundian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cambodian_cuisine" title="Cambodian cuisine">Cambodian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cameroonian_cuisine" title="Cameroonian cuisine">Cameroonian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_cuisine" title="Canadian cuisine">Canadian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acadian_cuisine" title="Acadian cuisine">Acadian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Quebec" title="Cuisine of Quebec">Québécois</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Cuisine of the Central African Republic">Central African Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chadian_cuisine" title="Chadian cuisine">Chadian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chilean_cuisine" title="Chilean cuisine">Chilean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_cuisine" title="Chinese cuisine">Chinese</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beijing_cuisine" title="Beijing cuisine">Beijing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cantonese_cuisine" title="Cantonese cuisine">Cantonese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_cuisine" title="Hong Kong cuisine">Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macanese_cuisine" title="Macanese cuisine">Macanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shandong_cuisine" title="Shandong cuisine">Shandong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sichuan_cuisine" title="Sichuan cuisine">Sichuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tibetan_cuisine" title="Tibetan cuisine">Tibetan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uyghur_cuisine" title="Uyghur cuisine">Xinjiang</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colombian_cuisine" title="Colombian cuisine">Colombian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congolese_cuisine" title="Congolese cuisine">Congolese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_cuisine" title="Croatian cuisine">Croatian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuban_cuisine" title="Cuban cuisine">Cuban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cypriot_cuisine" title="Cypriot cuisine">Cypriot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czech_cuisine" title="Czech cuisine">Czech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danish_cuisine" title="Danish cuisine">Danish</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Faroese_cuisine" title="Faroese cuisine">Faroese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenlandic_cuisine" title="Greenlandic cuisine">Greenlandic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Djiboutian_cuisine" title="Djiboutian cuisine">Djiboutian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominica_cuisine" title="Dominica cuisine">Dominican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominican_Republic_cuisine" title="Dominican Republic cuisine">Dominican Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_cuisine" title="Dutch cuisine">Dutch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_East_Timor" class="mw-redirect" title="Cuisine of East Timor">East Timorese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecuadorian_cuisine" title="Ecuadorian cuisine">Ecuadorian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egyptian_cuisine" title="Egyptian cuisine">Egyptian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emirati_cuisine" title="Emirati cuisine">Emirati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Equatorial_Guinea" title="Cuisine of Equatorial Guinea">Equatorial Guinean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eritrean_cuisine" title="Eritrean cuisine">Eritrean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonian_cuisine" title="Estonian cuisine">Estonian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_cuisine" title="Ethiopian cuisine">Ethiopian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fijian_cuisine" title="Fijian cuisine">Fijian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filipino_cuisine" title="Filipino cuisine">Filipino</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kapampangan_cuisine" title="Kapampangan cuisine">Kapampangan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finnish_cuisine" title="Finnish cuisine">Finnish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_cuisine" title="French cuisine">French</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Corsica" title="Cuisine of Corsica">Corsican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_R%C3%A9union" title="Cuisine of Réunion">La Réunion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Guianan_cuisine" title="French Guianan cuisine">French Guianan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Occitan_cuisine" title="Occitan cuisine">Occitan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabonese_cuisine" title="Gabonese cuisine">Gabonese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gambian_cuisine" title="Gambian cuisine">Gambian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgian_cuisine" title="Georgian cuisine">Georgian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_cuisine" title="German cuisine">German</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghanaian_cuisine" title="Ghanaian cuisine">Ghanaian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_cuisine" title="Greek cuisine">Greek</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cretan_cuisine" title="Cretan cuisine">Cretan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epirotic_cuisine" title="Epirotic cuisine">Epirotic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_Macedonian_cuisine" title="Greek Macedonian cuisine">Greek Macedonian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_the_Ionian_Islands" title="Cuisine of the Ionian Islands">Heptanesean</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guatemalan_cuisine" title="Guatemalan cuisine">Guatemalan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guinea-Bissauan_cuisine" title="Guinea-Bissauan cuisine">Guinea-Bissauan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Guinea" title="Cuisine of Guinea">Guinean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haitian_cuisine" title="Haitian cuisine">Haitian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honduran_cuisine" title="Honduran cuisine">Honduran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_cuisine" title="Hungarian cuisine">Hungarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Icelandic_cuisine" title="Icelandic cuisine">Icelandic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_cuisine" title="Indian cuisine">Indian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andhra_cuisine" title="Andhra cuisine">Andhra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arunachali_cuisine" title="Arunachali cuisine">Arunachali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assamese_cuisine" title="Assamese cuisine">Assamese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_cuisine" title="Bengali cuisine">Bengali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bihari_cuisine" title="Bihari cuisine">Bihari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chhattisgarhi_cuisine" title="Chhattisgarhi cuisine">Chhattisgarhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goan_cuisine" title="Goan cuisine">Goan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gujarati_cuisine" title="Gujarati cuisine">Gujarati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haryanvi_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Haryanvi cuisine">Haryanvi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kashmiri_cuisine" title="Kashmiri cuisine">Kashmiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jharkhandi_cuisine" title="Jharkhandi cuisine">Jharkhandi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karnataka_cuisine" title="Karnataka cuisine">Karnataka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerala_cuisine" title="Kerala cuisine">Kerala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maharashtrian_cuisine" title="Maharashtrian cuisine">Maharashtrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manipuri_cuisine" title="Manipuri cuisine">Manipuri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meghalayan_cuisine" title="Meghalayan cuisine">Meghalayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mizo_cuisine" title="Mizo cuisine">Mizo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naga_cuisine" title="Naga cuisine">Naga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odia_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Odia cuisine">Odia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punjabi_cuisine" title="Punjabi cuisine">Punjabi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajasthani_cuisine" title="Rajasthani cuisine">Rajasthani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikkimese_cuisine" title="Sikkimese cuisine">Sikkimese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindhi_cuisine" title="Sindhi cuisine">Sindhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamil_cuisine" title="Tamil cuisine">Tamil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telangana_cuisine" title="Telangana cuisine">Telangana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tripuri_cuisine" title="Tripuri cuisine">Tripuri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uttar_Pradesh_cuisine" title="Uttar Pradesh cuisine">Uttar Pradesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uttarakhandi_cuisine" title="Uttarakhandi cuisine">Uttarakhandi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesian_cuisine" title="Indonesian cuisine">Indonesian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acehnese_cuisine" title="Acehnese cuisine">Acehnese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balinese_cuisine" title="Balinese cuisine">Balinese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banjar_cuisine" title="Banjar cuisine">Banjar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batak_cuisine" title="Batak cuisine">Batak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Betawi_cuisine" title="Betawi cuisine">Betawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorontalo_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Gorontalo cuisine">Gorontalese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indo_cuisine" title="Indo cuisine">Indo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Javanese_cuisine" title="Javanese cuisine">Javanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madurese_cuisine" title="Madurese cuisine">Madurese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makassar_cuisine" title="Makassar cuisine">Makassar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minahasan_cuisine" title="Minahasan cuisine">Minahasan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Padang_cuisine" title="Padang cuisine">Minangkabau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palembang_cuisine" title="Palembang cuisine">Palembangese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sundanese_cuisine" title="Sundanese cuisine">Sundanese</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_cuisine" title="Iranian cuisine">Iranian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraqi_cuisine" title="Iraqi cuisine">Iraqi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_cuisine" title="Irish cuisine">Irish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israeli_cuisine" title="Israeli cuisine">Israeli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_cuisine" title="Italian cuisine">Italian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Abruzzo" title="Cuisine of Abruzzo">Abruzzese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apulian_cuisine" title="Apulian cuisine">Apulian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emilian_cuisine" title="Emilian cuisine">Emilian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Liguria" title="Cuisine of Liguria">Ligurian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lombard_cuisine" title="Lombard cuisine">Lombard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Basilicata" title="Cuisine of Basilicata">Lucanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neapolitan_cuisine" title="Neapolitan cuisine">Neapolitan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piedmontese_cuisine" title="Piedmontese cuisine">Piedmontese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_cuisine" title="Roman cuisine">Roman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Sardinia" title="Cuisine of Sardinia">Sardinian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sicilian_cuisine" title="Sicilian cuisine">Sicilian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuscan_food" title="Tuscan food">Tuscan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Veneto" class="mw-redirect" title="Cuisine of Veneto">Venetian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivorian_cuisine" title="Ivorian cuisine">Ivorian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamaican_cuisine" title="Jamaican cuisine">Jamaican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_cuisine" title="Japanese cuisine">Japanese</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Okinawan_cuisine" title="Okinawan cuisine">Okinawan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jordanian_cuisine" title="Jordanian cuisine">Jordanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakh_cuisine" title="Kazakh cuisine">Kazakh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenyan_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Kenyan cuisine">Kenyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_cuisine" title="Korean cuisine">Korean</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/North_Korean_cuisine" title="North Korean cuisine">North Korean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Korean_cuisine" title="South Korean cuisine">South Korean</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosovan_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Kosovan cuisine">Kosovan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuwaiti_cuisine" title="Kuwaiti cuisine">Kuwaiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyrgyz_cuisine" title="Kyrgyz cuisine">Kyrgyz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lao_cuisine" title="Lao cuisine">Lao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latvian_cuisine" title="Latvian cuisine">Latvian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lebanese_cuisine" title="Lebanese cuisine">Lebanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Lesotho" title="Cuisine of Lesotho">Lesotho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberian_cuisine" title="Liberian cuisine">Liberian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libyan_cuisine" title="Libyan cuisine">Libyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liechtenstein_cuisine" title="Liechtenstein cuisine">Liechtensteiner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_cuisine" title="Lithuanian cuisine">Lithuanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Luxembourg" title="Cuisine of Luxembourg">Luxembourgish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macedonian_cuisine" title="Macedonian cuisine">Macedonian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malagasy_cuisine" title="Malagasy cuisine">Malagasy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malawian_cuisine" title="Malawian cuisine">Malawian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysian_cuisine" title="Malaysian cuisine">Malaysian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sabahan_cuisine" title="Sabahan cuisine">Sabahan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarawakian_cuisine" title="Sarawakian cuisine">Sarawakian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maldivian_cuisine" title="Maldivian cuisine">Maldivian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malian_cuisine" title="Malian cuisine">Malian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maltese_cuisine" title="Maltese cuisine">Maltese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marshallese_cuisine" title="Marshallese cuisine">Marshallese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauritanian_cuisine" title="Mauritanian cuisine">Mauritanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauritian_cuisine" title="Mauritian cuisine">Mauritian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexican_cuisine" title="Mexican cuisine">Mexican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moldovan_cuisine" title="Moldovan cuisine">Moldovan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mon%C3%A9gasque_cuisine" title="Monégasque cuisine">Monégasque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongolian_cuisine" title="Mongolian cuisine">Mongolian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montenegrin_cuisine" title="Montenegrin cuisine">Montenegrin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moroccan_cuisine" title="Moroccan cuisine">Moroccan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mozambican_cuisine" title="Mozambican cuisine">Mozambican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namibian_cuisine" title="Namibian cuisine">Namibian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nauruan_cuisine" title="Nauruan cuisine">Nauruan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nepalese_cuisine" title="Nepalese cuisine">Nepalese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_cuisine" title="New Zealand cuisine">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicaraguan_cuisine" title="Nicaraguan cuisine">Nicaraguan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Niger" title="Cuisine of Niger">Niger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nigerian_cuisine" title="Nigerian cuisine">Nigerian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niuean_cuisine" title="Niuean cuisine">Niuean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norwegian_cuisine" title="Norwegian cuisine">Norwegian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omani_cuisine" title="Omani cuisine">Omani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistani_cuisine" title="Pakistani cuisine">Pakistani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palestinian_cuisine" title="Palestinian cuisine">Palestinian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panamanian_cuisine" title="Panamanian cuisine">Panamanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papua_New_Guinean_cuisine" title="Papua New Guinean cuisine">Papua New Guinean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paraguayan_cuisine" title="Paraguayan cuisine">Paraguayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peruvian_cuisine" title="Peruvian cuisine">Peruvian</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Polish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_cuisine" title="Portuguese cuisine">Portuguese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qatari_cuisine" title="Qatari cuisine">Qatari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_cuisine" title="Romanian cuisine">Romanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_cuisine" title="Russian cuisine">Russian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bashkir_cuisine" title="Bashkir cuisine">Bashkir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chechen_cuisine" title="Chechen cuisine">Chechen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circassian_cuisine" title="Circassian cuisine">Circassian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cossack_cuisine" title="Cossack cuisine">Cossack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Komi_cuisine" title="Komi cuisine">Komi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mordovian_cuisine" title="Mordovian cuisine">Mordovian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sakha_cuisine" title="Sakha cuisine">Sakha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tatar_cuisine" title="Tatar cuisine">Tatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Udmurt_cuisine" title="Udmurt cuisine">Udmurt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yamal_cuisine" title="Yamal cuisine">Yamal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rwandan_cuisine" title="Rwandan cuisine">Rwandan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Lucian_cuisine" title="Saint Lucian cuisine">Saint Lucian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salvadoran_cuisine" title="Salvadoran cuisine">Salvadoran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sammarinese_cuisine" title="Sammarinese cuisine">Sammarinese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe" title="Cuisine of São Tomé and Príncipe">São Tomé and Príncipe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabian_cuisine" title="Saudi Arabian cuisine">Saudi Arabian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senegalese_cuisine" title="Senegalese cuisine">Senegalese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbian_cuisine" title="Serbian cuisine">Serbian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seychellois_cuisine" title="Seychellois cuisine">Seychellois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sierra_Leonean_cuisine" title="Sierra Leonean cuisine">Sierra Leonean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singaporean_cuisine" title="Singaporean cuisine">Singaporean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovak_cuisine" title="Slovak cuisine">Slovak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovenian_cuisine" title="Slovenian cuisine">Slovenian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somali_cuisine" title="Somali cuisine">Somali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_African_cuisine" title="South African cuisine">South African</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_cuisine" title="Spanish cuisine">Spanish</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andalusian_cuisine" title="Andalusian cuisine">Andalusian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asturian_cuisine" title="Asturian cuisine">Asturian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balearic_cuisine" title="Balearic cuisine">Balearic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basque_cuisine" title="Basque cuisine">Basque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canarian_cuisine" title="Canarian cuisine">Canarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cantabrian_cuisine" title="Cantabrian cuisine">Cantabrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catalan_cuisine" title="Catalan cuisine">Catalan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extremaduran_cuisine" title="Extremaduran cuisine">Extremaduran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galician_cuisine" title="Galician cuisine">Galician</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manchego_cuisine" title="Manchego cuisine">Manchegan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valencian_cuisine" title="Valencian cuisine">Valencian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lankan_cuisine" title="Sri Lankan cuisine">Sri Lankan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudanese_cuisine" title="Sudanese cuisine">Sudanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Eswatini" title="Cuisine of Eswatini">Swazi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swedish_cuisine" title="Swedish cuisine">Swedish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swiss_cuisine" title="Swiss cuisine">Swiss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_cuisine" title="Syrian cuisine">Syrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_cuisine" title="Taiwanese cuisine">Taiwanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tajik_cuisine" title="Tajik cuisine">Tajik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanzanian_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Tanzanian cuisine">Tanzanian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zanzibari_cuisine" title="Zanzibari cuisine">Zanzibari</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thai_cuisine" title="Thai cuisine">Thai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Togolese_cuisine" title="Togolese cuisine">Togolese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunisian_cuisine" title="Tunisian cuisine">Tunisian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_cuisine" title="Turkish cuisine">Turkish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkmen_cuisine" title="Turkmen cuisine">Turkmen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuvaluan_cuisine" title="Tuvaluan cuisine">Tuvaluan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinidad_and_Tobago_cuisine" title="Trinidad and Tobago cuisine">Trinidadian and Tobagonian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ugandan_cuisine" title="Ugandan cuisine">Ugandan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_cuisine" title="Ukrainian cuisine">Ukrainian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uruguayan_cuisine" title="Uruguayan cuisine">Uruguayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uzbek_cuisine" title="Uzbek cuisine">Uzbek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanuatuan_cuisine" title="Vanuatuan cuisine">Vanuatuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venezuelan_cuisine" title="Venezuelan cuisine">Venezuelan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_cuisine" title="Vietnamese cuisine">Vietnamese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Saharan_cuisine" title="Western Saharan cuisine">Western Saharan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemeni_cuisine" title="Yemeni cuisine">Yemeni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zambian_cuisine" title="Zambian cuisine">Zambian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zimbabwean_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Zimbabwean cuisine">Zimbabwean</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ethnic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Soul_food" title="Soul food">African American</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ainu_cuisine" title="Ainu cuisine">Ainu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arab_cuisine" title="Arab cuisine">Arab</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arab_Indonesian_cuisine" title="Arab Indonesian cuisine">Arab-Indonesian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aromanian_cuisine" title="Aromanian cuisine">Aromanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_cuisine" title="Assyrian cuisine">Assyrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balochi_cuisine" title="Balochi cuisine">Balochi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berber_cuisine" title="Berber cuisine">Berber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buryat_cuisine" title="Buryat cuisine">Buryat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cajun_cuisine" title="Cajun cuisine">Cajun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_cuisine" title="Chinese cuisine">Chinese</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Chinese_cuisine" title="American Chinese cuisine">American</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australian_Chinese_cuisine" title="Australian Chinese cuisine">Australian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Chinese_cuisine" title="British Chinese cuisine">British</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cambodian_Chinese_cuisine" title="Cambodian Chinese cuisine">Cambodian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Chinese_cuisine" title="Canadian Chinese cuisine">Canadian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filipino_Chinese_cuisine" title="Filipino Chinese cuisine">Filipino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indo-Chinese_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Indo-Chinese cuisine">Indian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Indonesian_cuisine" title="Chinese Indonesian cuisine">Indonesian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysian_Chinese_cuisine" title="Malaysian Chinese cuisine">Malaysian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistani_Chinese_cuisine" title="Pakistani Chinese cuisine">Pakistani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chifa" title="Chifa">Peruvian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crimean_Tatar_cuisine" title="Crimean Tatar cuisine">Crimean Tatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gagauz_cuisine" title="Gagauz cuisine">Gagauz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek-American_cuisine" title="Greek-American cuisine">Greek-American</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hazaragi_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Hazaragi cuisine">Hazaragi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hmong_cuisine" title="Hmong cuisine">Hmong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_cuisine" title="Indian cuisine">Indian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Indian_cuisine" title="Anglo-Indian cuisine">English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Indonesian_cuisine" title="Indian Indonesian cuisine">Indonesian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysian_Indian_cuisine" title="Malaysian Indian cuisine">Malaysian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Indian_cuisine" title="North Indian cuisine">North Indian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Indian_cuisine" title="South Indian cuisine">South Indian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_cuisine_of_the_Americas" title="Indigenous cuisine of the Americas">Indigenous American</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bush_tucker" title="Bush tucker">Indigenous Australian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inuit_cuisine" title="Inuit cuisine">Inuit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian-American_cuisine" title="Italian-American cuisine">Italian American</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_cuisine" title="Jewish cuisine">Jewish</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Jewish_cuisine" title="American Jewish cuisine">American</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashkenazi_Jewish_cuisine" title="Ashkenazi Jewish cuisine">Ashkenazi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bukharan_Jewish_cuisine" title="Bukharan Jewish cuisine">Bukharan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_Jewish_cuisine" title="Ethiopian Jewish cuisine">Ethiopian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mizrahi_Jewish_cuisine" title="Mizrahi Jewish cuisine">Mizrahi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moroccan_Jewish_cuisine" title="Moroccan Jewish cuisine">Moroccan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sephardic_Jewish_cuisine" title="Sephardic Jewish cuisine">Sephardic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Jewish_cuisine" title="Syrian Jewish cuisine">Syrian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurdish_cuisine" title="Kurdish cuisine">Kurdish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Livonian_cuisine" title="Livonian cuisine">Livonian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louisiana_Creole_cuisine" title="Louisiana Creole cuisine">Louisiana Creole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malay_cuisine" title="Malay cuisine">Malay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ossetian_cuisine" title="Ossetian cuisine">Ossetian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parsi_cuisine" title="Parsi cuisine">Parsi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pashtun_cuisine" title="Pashtun cuisine">Pashtun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_the_Pennsylvania_Dutch" title="Cuisine of the Pennsylvania Dutch">Pennsylvania Dutch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peranakan_cuisine" title="Peranakan cuisine">Peranakan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontic_Greek_cuisine" title="Pontic Greek cuisine">Pontic Greek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_cuisine" title="Romani cuisine">Romani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A1mi_cuisine" title="Sámi cuisine">Sámi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tex-Mex" title="Tex-Mex">Tejano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transylvanian_Saxon_cuisine" title="Transylvanian Saxon cuisine">Transylvanian Saxon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yup%27ik_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Yup'ik cuisine">Yup'ik</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Religious</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buddhist_cuisine" title="Buddhist cuisine">Buddhist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_dietary_laws" title="Christian dietary laws">Christian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Goan_Catholic_cuisine" title="Goan Catholic cuisine">Goan Catholic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mangalorean_Catholic_cuisine" title="Mangalorean Catholic cuisine">Mangalorean Catholic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mennonite_cuisine" title="Mennonite cuisine">Mennonite</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diet_in_Hinduism" title="Diet in Hinduism">Hindu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_dietary_laws" title="Islamic dietary laws">Islamic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Islamic_cuisine" title="Chinese Islamic cuisine">Chinese</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ital" title="Ital">Ital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jain_vegetarianism" title="Jain vegetarianism">Jain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kashrut" title="Kashrut">Kashrut</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kosher_food" class="mw-redirect" title="Kosher food">Kosher food</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ritual_slaughter" title="Ritual slaughter">Ritual slaughter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diet_in_Sikhism" title="Diet in Sikhism">Sikh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_historical_cuisines" title="List of historical cuisines">Historical</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egyptian_cuisine" title="Ancient Egyptian cuisine">Ancient Egyptian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_cuisine" title="Ancient Greek cuisine">Ancient Greek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Israelite_cuisine" title="Ancient Israelite cuisine">Ancient Israelite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Roman_cuisine" title="Ancient Roman cuisine">Ancient Roman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Antebellum_America" title="Cuisine of Antebellum America">Antebellum America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aztec_cuisine" title="Aztec cuisine">Aztec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_cuisine" title="Byzantine cuisine">Byzantine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Early_modern_European_cuisine" title="Early modern European cuisine">Early modern European</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Argentine_cuisine" title="History of Argentine cuisine">Historical Argentine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Chinese_cuisine" title="History of Chinese cuisine">Historical Chinese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Indian_cuisine" title="History of Indian cuisine">Historical Indian subcontinent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Japanese_cuisine" title="History of Japanese cuisine">Historical Japanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Origins_of_North_Indian_and_Pakistani_foods" title="Origins of North Indian and Pakistani foods">Historical North Indian and Pakistani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_agriculture" title="History of agriculture">History of agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_alcoholic_drinks" title="History of alcoholic drinks">History of alcoholic drinks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_bread" title="History of bread">History of bread</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_seafood" title="History of seafood">History of seafood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_vegetarianism" title="History of vegetarianism">History of vegetarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hittite_cuisine" title="Hittite cuisine">Hittite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inca_cuisine" title="Inca cuisine">Inca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Maya_cuisine" title="Ancient Maya cuisine">Mayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muisca_cuisine" title="Muisca cuisine">Muisca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mughlai_cuisine" title="Mughlai cuisine">Mughal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medieval_cuisine" title="Medieval cuisine">Medieval</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottoman_cuisine" title="Ottoman cuisine">Ottoman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peasant_foods" title="Peasant foods">Peasant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Native_cuisine_of_Hawaii" title="Native cuisine of Hawaii">Pre-contact Hawaiian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_royal_court_cuisine" title="Korean royal court cuisine">Korean royal court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Food_and_the_Scottish_royal_household" title="Food and the Scottish royal household">Scottish royal household</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_cuisine" title="Soviet cuisine">Soviet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_the_Thirteen_Colonies" title="Cuisine of the Thirteen Colonies">Thirteen Colonies</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Styles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_classique" class="mw-redirect" title="Cuisine classique">Classique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fast_food" title="Fast food">Fast food</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fusion_cuisine" title="Fusion cuisine">Fusion</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_American_cuisine" title="New American cuisine">New American</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurasian_cuisine_of_Singapore_and_Malaysia" title="Eurasian cuisine of Singapore and Malaysia">Eurasian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haute_cuisine" title="Haute cuisine">Haute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Molecular_gastronomy" title="Molecular gastronomy">Molecular gastronomy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Note_by_Note_cuisine" title="Note by Note cuisine">Note by Note</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nouvelle_cuisine" title="Nouvelle cuisine">Nouvelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vegetarian_cuisine" title="Vegetarian cuisine">Vegetarian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cuisines" title="List of cuisines">List of cuisines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_historical_cuisines" title="List of historical cuisines">List of historical cuisines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_foods" title="Lists of foods">Lists of foods</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_prepared_foods" title="Lists of prepared foods">Prepared</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list 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