CINXE.COM

Privacy & Security - Center for Information Technology Policy

<!DOCTYPE html> <!--[if IE 6]> <html id="ie6" lang="en-US"> <![endif]--> <!--[if IE 7]> <html id="ie7" lang="en-US"> <![endif]--> <!--[if IE 8]> <html id="ie8" lang="en-US"> <![endif]--> <!--[if !(IE 6) | !(IE 7) | !(IE 8) ]><!--> <html lang="en-US"> <!--<![endif]--> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8" /> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"><script type="text/javascript">(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).init={ajax:{deny_list:["bam.nr-data.net"]}};(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).loader_config={licenseKey:"2f363f2904",applicationID:"24361194"};;/*! For license information please see nr-loader-rum-1.274.0.min.js.LICENSE.txt */ (()=>{var e,t,r={8122:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{a:()=>i});var n=r(944);function i(e,t){try{if(!e||"object"!=typeof e)return(0,n.R)(3);if(!t||"object"!=typeof t)return(0,n.R)(4);const r=Object.create(Object.getPrototypeOf(t),Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptors(t)),o=0===Object.keys(r).length?e:r;for(let a in o)if(void 0!==e[a])try{if(null===e[a]){r[a]=null;continue}Array.isArray(e[a])&&Array.isArray(t[a])?r[a]=Array.from(new Set([...e[a],...t[a]])):"object"==typeof e[a]&&"object"==typeof t[a]?r[a]=i(e[a],t[a]):r[a]=e[a]}catch(e){(0,n.R)(1,e)}return r}catch(e){(0,n.R)(2,e)}}},2555:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Vp:()=>c,fn:()=>s,x1:()=>u});var n=r(384),i=r(8122);const o={beacon:n.NT.beacon,errorBeacon:n.NT.errorBeacon,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,sa:void 0,queueTime:void 0,applicationTime:void 0,ttGuid:void 0,user:void 0,account:void 0,product:void 0,extra:void 0,jsAttributes:{},userAttributes:void 0,atts:void 0,transactionName:void 0,tNamePlain:void 0},a={};function s(e){try{const t=c(e);return!!t.licenseKey&&!!t.errorBeacon&&!!t.applicationID}catch(e){return!1}}function c(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All info objects require an agent identifier!");if(!a[e])throw new Error("Info for ".concat(e," was never set"));return a[e]}function u(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All info objects require an agent identifier!");a[e]=(0,i.a)(t,o);const r=(0,n.nY)(e);r&&(r.info=a[e])}},9417:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{D0:()=>g,gD:()=>h,xN:()=>p});var n=r(993);const i=e=>{if(!e||"string"!=typeof e)return!1;try{document.createDocumentFragment().querySelector(e)}catch{return!1}return!0};var o=r(2614),a=r(944),s=r(384),c=r(8122);const u="[data-nr-mask]",d=()=>{const e={mask_selector:"*",block_selector:"[data-nr-block]",mask_input_options:{color:!1,date:!1,"datetime-local":!1,email:!1,month:!1,number:!1,range:!1,search:!1,tel:!1,text:!1,time:!1,url:!1,week:!1,textarea:!1,select:!1,password:!0}};return{ajax:{deny_list:void 0,block_internal:!0,enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},distributed_tracing:{enabled:void 0,exclude_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_tracecontext_headers:void 0,allowed_origins:void 0},feature_flags:[],generic_events:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:30,autoStart:!0},harvest:{tooManyRequestsDelay:60},jserrors:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},logging:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0,level:n.p_.INFO},metrics:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},obfuscate:void 0,page_action:{enabled:!0},page_view_event:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},page_view_timing:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:30,autoStart:!0},performance:{capture_marks:!1,capture_measures:!1},privacy:{cookies_enabled:!0},proxy:{assets:void 0,beacon:void 0},session:{expiresMs:o.wk,inactiveMs:o.BB},session_replay:{autoStart:!0,enabled:!1,harvestTimeSeconds:60,preload:!1,sampling_rate:10,error_sampling_rate:100,collect_fonts:!1,inline_images:!1,fix_stylesheets:!0,mask_all_inputs:!0,get mask_text_selector(){return e.mask_selector},set mask_text_selector(t){i(t)?e.mask_selector="".concat(t,",").concat(u):""===t||null===t?e.mask_selector=u:(0,a.R)(5,t)},get block_class(){return"nr-block"},get ignore_class(){return"nr-ignore"},get mask_text_class(){return"nr-mask"},get block_selector(){return e.block_selector},set block_selector(t){i(t)?e.block_selector+=",".concat(t):""!==t&&(0,a.R)(6,t)},get mask_input_options(){return e.mask_input_options},set mask_input_options(t){t&&"object"==typeof t?e.mask_input_options={...t,password:!0}:(0,a.R)(7,t)}},session_trace:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},soft_navigations:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},spa:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},ssl:void 0,user_actions:{enabled:!0}}},l={},f="All configuration objects require an agent identifier!";function g(e){if(!e)throw new Error(f);if(!l[e])throw new Error("Configuration for ".concat(e," was never set"));return l[e]}function p(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(f);l[e]=(0,c.a)(t,d());const r=(0,s.nY)(e);r&&(r.init=l[e])}function h(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(f);var r=g(e);if(r){for(var n=t.split("."),i=0;i<n.length-1;i++)if("object"!=typeof(r=r[n[i]]))return;r=r[n[n.length-1]]}return r}},3371:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{V:()=>f,f:()=>l});var n=r(8122),i=r(384),o=r(6154),a=r(9324);let s=0;const c={buildEnv:a.F3,distMethod:a.Xs,version:a.xv,originTime:o.WN},u={customTransaction:void 0,disabled:!1,isolatedBacklog:!1,loaderType:void 0,maxBytes:3e4,onerror:void 0,ptid:void 0,releaseIds:{},appMetadata:{},session:void 0,denyList:void 0,timeKeeper:void 0,obfuscator:void 0},d={};function l(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All runtime objects require an agent identifier!");if(!d[e])throw new Error("Runtime for ".concat(e," was never set"));return d[e]}function f(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All runtime objects require an agent identifier!");d[e]={...(0,n.a)(t,u),...c},Object.hasOwnProperty.call(d[e],"harvestCount")||Object.defineProperty(d[e],"harvestCount",{get:()=>++s});const r=(0,i.nY)(e);r&&(r.runtime=d[e])}},9324:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{F3:()=>i,Xs:()=>o,xv:()=>n});const n="1.274.0",i="PROD",o="CDN"},6154:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{OF:()=>c,RI:()=>i,WN:()=>d,bv:()=>o,gm:()=>a,mw:()=>s,sb:()=>u});var n=r(1863);const i="undefined"!=typeof window&&!!window.document,o="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&("undefined"!=typeof self&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&self.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator||"undefined"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&globalThis.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator),a=i?window:"undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&("undefined"!=typeof self&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&self||"undefined"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&globalThis),s=Boolean("hidden"===a?.document?.visibilityState),c=/iPad|iPhone|iPod/.test(a.navigator?.userAgent),u=c&&"undefined"==typeof SharedWorker,d=((()=>{const e=a.navigator?.userAgent?.match(/Firefox[/\s](\d+\.\d+)/);Array.isArray(e)&&e.length>=2&&e[1]})(),Date.now()-(0,n.t)())},1687:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Ak:()=>c,Ze:()=>l,x3:()=>u});var n=r(7836),i=r(3606),o=r(860),a=r(2646);const s={};function c(e,t){const r={staged:!1,priority:o.P3[t]||0};d(e),s[e].get(t)||s[e].set(t,r)}function u(e,t){e&&s[e]&&(s[e].get(t)&&s[e].delete(t),g(e,t,!1),s[e].size&&f(e))}function d(e){if(!e)throw new Error("agentIdentifier required");s[e]||(s[e]=new Map)}function l(e="",t="feature",r=!1){if(d(e),!e||!s[e].get(t)||r)return g(e,t);s[e].get(t).staged=!0,f(e)}function f(e){const t=Array.from(s[e]);t.every((([e,t])=>t.staged))&&(t.sort(((e,t)=>e[1].priority-t[1].priority)),t.forEach((([t])=>{s[e].delete(t),g(e,t)})))}function g(e,t,r=!0){const o=e?n.ee.get(e):n.ee,s=i.i.handlers;if(!o.aborted&&o.backlog&&s){if(r){const e=o.backlog[t],r=s[t];if(r){for(let t=0;e&&t<e.length;++t)p(e[t],r);Object.entries(r).forEach((([e,t])=>{Object.values(t||{}).forEach((t=>{t[0]?.on&&t[0]?.context()instanceof a.y&&t[0].on(e,t[1])}))}))}}o.isolatedBacklog||delete s[t],o.backlog[t]=null,o.emit("drain-"+t,[])}}function p(e,t){var r=e[1];Object.values(t[r]||{}).forEach((t=>{var r=e[0];if(t[0]===r){var n=t[1],i=e[3],o=e[2];n.apply(i,o)}}))}},7836:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{P:()=>c,ee:()=>u});var n=r(384),i=r(8990),o=r(3371),a=r(2646),s=r(5607);const c="nr@context:".concat(s.W),u=function e(t,r){var n={},s={},d={},l=!1;try{l=16===r.length&&(0,o.f)(r).isolatedBacklog}catch(e){}var f={on:p,addEventListener:p,removeEventListener:function(e,t){var r=n[e];if(!r)return;for(var i=0;i<r.length;i++)r[i]===t&&r.splice(i,1)},emit:function(e,r,n,i,o){!1!==o&&(o=!0);if(u.aborted&&!i)return;t&&o&&t.emit(e,r,n);for(var a=g(n),c=h(e),d=c.length,l=0;l<d;l++)c[l].apply(a,r);var p=m()[s[e]];p&&p.push([f,e,r,a]);return a},get:v,listeners:h,context:g,buffer:function(e,t){const r=m();if(t=t||"feature",f.aborted)return;Object.entries(e||{}).forEach((([e,n])=>{s[n]=t,t in r||(r[t]=[])}))},abort:function(){f._aborted=!0,Object.keys(f.backlog).forEach((e=>{delete f.backlog[e]}))},isBuffering:function(e){return!!m()[s[e]]},debugId:r,backlog:l?{}:t&&"object"==typeof t.backlog?t.backlog:{},isolatedBacklog:l};return Object.defineProperty(f,"aborted",{get:()=>{let e=f._aborted||!1;return e||(t&&(e=t.aborted),e)}}),f;function g(e){return e&&e instanceof a.y?e:e?(0,i.I)(e,c,(()=>new a.y(c))):new a.y(c)}function p(e,t){n[e]=h(e).concat(t)}function h(e){return n[e]||[]}function v(t){return d[t]=d[t]||e(f,t)}function m(){return f.backlog}}(void 0,"globalEE"),d=(0,n.Zm)();d.ee||(d.ee=u)},2646:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{y:()=>n});class n{constructor(e){this.contextId=e}}},9908:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{d:()=>n,p:()=>i});var n=r(7836).ee.get("handle");function i(e,t,r,i,o){o?(o.buffer([e],i),o.emit(e,t,r)):(n.buffer([e],i),n.emit(e,t,r))}},3606:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{i:()=>o});var n=r(9908);o.on=a;var i=o.handlers={};function o(e,t,r,o){a(o||n.d,i,e,t,r)}function a(e,t,r,i,o){o||(o="feature"),e||(e=n.d);var a=t[o]=t[o]||{};(a[r]=a[r]||[]).push([e,i])}},3878:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t){return{capture:e,passive:!1,signal:t}}function i(e,t,r=!1,i){window.addEventListener(e,t,n(r,i))}function o(e,t,r=!1,i){document.addEventListener(e,t,n(r,i))}r.d(t,{DD:()=>o,jT:()=>n,sp:()=>i})},5607:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>n});const n=(0,r(9566).bz)()},9566:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{LA:()=>s,bz:()=>a});var n=r(6154);const i="xxxxxxxx-xxxx-4xxx-yxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx";function o(e,t){return e?15&e[t]:16*Math.random()|0}function a(){const e=n.gm?.crypto||n.gm?.msCrypto;let t,r=0;return e&&e.getRandomValues&&(t=e.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(30))),i.split("").map((e=>"x"===e?o(t,r++).toString(16):"y"===e?(3&o()|8).toString(16):e)).join("")}function s(e){const t=n.gm?.crypto||n.gm?.msCrypto;let r,i=0;t&&t.getRandomValues&&(r=t.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(e)));const a=[];for(var s=0;s<e;s++)a.push(o(r,i++).toString(16));return a.join("")}},2614:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{BB:()=>a,H3:()=>n,g:()=>u,iL:()=>c,tS:()=>s,uh:()=>i,wk:()=>o});const n="NRBA",i="SESSION",o=144e5,a=18e5,s={STARTED:"session-started",PAUSE:"session-pause",RESET:"session-reset",RESUME:"session-resume",UPDATE:"session-update"},c={SAME_TAB:"same-tab",CROSS_TAB:"cross-tab"},u={OFF:0,FULL:1,ERROR:2}},1863:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(){return Math.floor(performance.now())}r.d(t,{t:()=>n})},944:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t){"function"==typeof console.debug&&console.debug("New Relic Warning: https://github.com/newrelic/newrelic-browser-agent/blob/main/docs/warning-codes.md#".concat(e),t)}r.d(t,{R:()=>n})},5284:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{t:()=>c,B:()=>s});var n=r(7836),i=r(6154);const o="newrelic";const a=new Set,s={};function c(e,t){const r=n.ee.get(t);s[t]??={},e&&"object"==typeof e&&(a.has(t)||(r.emit("rumresp",[e]),s[t]=e,a.add(t),function(e={}){try{i.gm.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent(o,{detail:e}))}catch(e){}}({loaded:!0})))}},8990:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{I:()=>i});var n=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;function i(e,t,r){if(n.call(e,t))return e[t];var i=r();if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.defineProperty(e,t,{value:i,writable:!0,enumerable:!1}),i}catch(e){}return e[t]=i,i}},6389:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t=500,r={}){const n=r?.leading||!1;let i;return(...r)=>{n&&void 0===i&&(e.apply(this,r),i=setTimeout((()=>{i=clearTimeout(i)}),t)),n||(clearTimeout(i),i=setTimeout((()=>{e.apply(this,r)}),t))}}function i(e){let t=!1;return(...r)=>{t||(t=!0,e.apply(this,r))}}r.d(t,{J:()=>i,s:()=>n})},5289:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{GG:()=>o,sB:()=>a});var n=r(3878);function i(){return"undefined"==typeof document||"complete"===document.readyState}function o(e,t){if(i())return e();(0,n.sp)("load",e,t)}function a(e){if(i())return e();(0,n.DD)("DOMContentLoaded",e)}},384:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{NT:()=>o,US:()=>d,Zm:()=>a,bQ:()=>c,dV:()=>s,nY:()=>u,pV:()=>l});var n=r(6154),i=r(1863);const o={beacon:"bam.nr-data.net",errorBeacon:"bam.nr-data.net"};function a(){return n.gm.NREUM||(n.gm.NREUM={}),void 0===n.gm.newrelic&&(n.gm.newrelic=n.gm.NREUM),n.gm.NREUM}function s(){let e=a();return e.o||(e.o={ST:n.gm.setTimeout,SI:n.gm.setImmediate,CT:n.gm.clearTimeout,XHR:n.gm.XMLHttpRequest,REQ:n.gm.Request,EV:n.gm.Event,PR:n.gm.Promise,MO:n.gm.MutationObserver,FETCH:n.gm.fetch,WS:n.gm.WebSocket}),e}function c(e,t){let r=a();r.initializedAgents??={},t.initializedAt={ms:(0,i.t)(),date:new Date},r.initializedAgents[e]=t}function u(e){let t=a();return t.initializedAgents?.[e]}function d(e,t){a()[e]=t}function l(){return function(){let e=a();const t=e.info||{};e.info={beacon:o.beacon,errorBeacon:o.errorBeacon,...t}}(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.init||{};e.init={...t}}(),s(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.loader_config||{};e.loader_config={...t}}(),a()}},2843:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{u:()=>i});var n=r(3878);function i(e,t=!1,r,i){(0,n.DD)("visibilitychange",(function(){if(t)return void("hidden"===document.visibilityState&&e());e(document.visibilityState)}),r,i)}},3434:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{YM:()=>c});var n=r(7836),i=r(5607);const o="nr@original:".concat(i.W);var a=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty,s=!1;function c(e,t){return e||(e=n.ee),r.inPlace=function(e,t,n,i,o){n||(n="");const a="-"===n.charAt(0);for(let s=0;s<t.length;s++){const c=t[s],u=e[c];d(u)||(e[c]=r(u,a?c+n:n,i,c,o))}},r.flag=o,r;function r(t,r,n,s,c){return d(t)?t:(r||(r=""),nrWrapper[o]=t,function(e,t,r){if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.keys(e).forEach((function(r){Object.defineProperty(t,r,{get:function(){return e[r]},set:function(t){return e[r]=t,t}})})),t}catch(e){u([e],r)}for(var n in e)a.call(e,n)&&(t[n]=e[n])}(t,nrWrapper,e),nrWrapper);function nrWrapper(){var o,a,d,l;try{a=this,o=[...arguments],d="function"==typeof n?n(o,a):n||{}}catch(t){u([t,"",[o,a,s],d],e)}i(r+"start",[o,a,s],d,c);try{return l=t.apply(a,o)}catch(e){throw i(r+"err",[o,a,e],d,c),e}finally{i(r+"end",[o,a,l],d,c)}}}function i(r,n,i,o){if(!s||t){var a=s;s=!0;try{e.emit(r,n,i,t,o)}catch(t){u([t,r,n,i],e)}s=a}}}function u(e,t){t||(t=n.ee);try{t.emit("internal-error",e)}catch(e){}}function d(e){return!(e&&"function"==typeof e&&e.apply&&!e[o])}},993:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{ET:()=>o,p_:()=>i});var n=r(860);const i={ERROR:"ERROR",WARN:"WARN",INFO:"INFO",DEBUG:"DEBUG",TRACE:"TRACE"},o="log";n.K7.logging},3969:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{TZ:()=>n,XG:()=>s,rs:()=>i,xV:()=>a,z_:()=>o});const n=r(860).K7.metrics,i="sm",o="cm",a="storeSupportabilityMetrics",s="storeEventMetrics"},6630:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.pageViewEvent},782:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.pageViewTiming},6344:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{G4:()=>i});var n=r(2614);r(860).K7.sessionReplay;const i={RECORD:"recordReplay",PAUSE:"pauseReplay",REPLAY_RUNNING:"replayRunning",ERROR_DURING_REPLAY:"errorDuringReplay"};n.g.ERROR,n.g.FULL,n.g.OFF},4234:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>o});var n=r(7836),i=r(1687);class o{constructor(e,t){this.agentIdentifier=e,this.ee=n.ee.get(e),this.featureName=t,this.blocked=!1}deregisterDrain(){(0,i.x3)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName)}}},7603:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{j:()=>P});var n=r(860),i=r(2555),o=r(3371),a=r(9908),s=r(7836),c=r(1687),u=r(5289),d=r(6154),l=r(944),f=r(3969),g=r(384),p=r(6344);const h=["setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","addRelease","addPageAction","setCurrentRouteName","setPageViewName","setCustomAttribute","interaction","noticeError","setUserId","setApplicationVersion","start",p.G4.RECORD,p.G4.PAUSE,"log","wrapLogger"],v=["setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","addRelease"];var m=r(1863),b=r(2614),y=r(993);var w=r(2646),A=r(3434);function R(e,t,r,n){if("object"!=typeof t||!t||"string"!=typeof r||!r||"function"!=typeof t[r])return(0,l.R)(29);const i=function(e){return(e||s.ee).get("logger")}(e),o=(0,A.YM)(i),a=new w.y(s.P);return a.level=n.level,a.customAttributes=n.customAttributes,o.inPlace(t,[r],"wrap-logger-",a),i}function E(){const e=(0,g.pV)();h.forEach((t=>{e[t]=(...r)=>function(t,...r){let n=[];return Object.values(e.initializedAgents).forEach((e=>{e&&e.api?e.exposed&&e.api[t]&&n.push(e.api[t](...r)):(0,l.R)(38,t)})),n.length>1?n:n[0]}(t,...r)}))}const x={};function _(e,t,g=!1){t||(0,c.Ak)(e,"api");const h={};var w=s.ee.get(e),A=w.get("tracer");x[e]=b.g.OFF,w.on(p.G4.REPLAY_RUNNING,(t=>{x[e]=t}));var E="api-",_=E+"ixn-";function N(t,r,n,o){const a=(0,i.Vp)(e);return null===r?delete a.jsAttributes[t]:(0,i.x1)(e,{...a,jsAttributes:{...a.jsAttributes,[t]:r}}),j(E,n,!0,o||null===r?"session":void 0)(t,r)}function T(){}h.log=function(e,{customAttributes:t={},level:r=y.p_.INFO}={}){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/log/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),function(e,t,r={},i=y.p_.INFO){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/logging/".concat(i.toLowerCase(),"/called")],void 0,n.K7.metrics,e),(0,a.p)(y.ET,[(0,m.t)(),t,r,i],void 0,n.K7.logging,e)}(w,e,t,r)},h.wrapLogger=(e,t,{customAttributes:r={},level:i=y.p_.INFO}={})=>{(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/wrapLogger/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),R(w,e,t,{customAttributes:r,level:i})},v.forEach((e=>{h[e]=j(E,e,!0,"api")})),h.addPageAction=j(E,"addPageAction",!0,n.K7.genericEvents),h.setPageViewName=function(t,r){if("string"==typeof t)return"/"!==t.charAt(0)&&(t="/"+t),(0,o.f)(e).customTransaction=(r||"http://custom.transaction")+t,j(E,"setPageViewName",!0)()},h.setCustomAttribute=function(e,t,r=!1){if("string"==typeof e){if(["string","number","boolean"].includes(typeof t)||null===t)return N(e,t,"setCustomAttribute",r);(0,l.R)(40,typeof t)}else(0,l.R)(39,typeof e)},h.setUserId=function(e){if("string"==typeof e||null===e)return N("enduser.id",e,"setUserId",!0);(0,l.R)(41,typeof e)},h.setApplicationVersion=function(e){if("string"==typeof e||null===e)return N("application.version",e,"setApplicationVersion",!1);(0,l.R)(42,typeof e)},h.start=()=>{try{(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/start/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),w.emit("manual-start-all")}catch(e){(0,l.R)(23,e)}},h[p.G4.RECORD]=function(){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/recordReplay/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),(0,a.p)(p.G4.RECORD,[],void 0,n.K7.sessionReplay,w)},h[p.G4.PAUSE]=function(){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/pauseReplay/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),(0,a.p)(p.G4.PAUSE,[],void 0,n.K7.sessionReplay,w)},h.interaction=function(e){return(new T).get("object"==typeof e?e:{})};const S=T.prototype={createTracer:function(e,t){var r={},i=this,o="function"==typeof t;return(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/createTracer/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),g||(0,a.p)(_+"tracer",[(0,m.t)(),e,r],i,n.K7.spa,w),function(){if(A.emit((o?"":"no-")+"fn-start",[(0,m.t)(),i,o],r),o)try{return t.apply(this,arguments)}catch(e){const t="string"==typeof e?new Error(e):e;throw A.emit("fn-err",[arguments,this,t],r),t}finally{A.emit("fn-end",[(0,m.t)()],r)}}}};function j(e,t,r,i){return function(){return(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/"+t+"/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),i&&(0,a.p)(e+t,[(0,m.t)(),...arguments],r?null:this,i,w),r?void 0:this}}function k(){r.e(296).then(r.bind(r,8778)).then((({setAPI:t})=>{t(e),(0,c.Ze)(e,"api")})).catch((e=>{(0,l.R)(27,e),w.abort()}))}return["actionText","setName","setAttribute","save","ignore","onEnd","getContext","end","get"].forEach((e=>{S[e]=j(_,e,void 0,g?n.K7.softNav:n.K7.spa)})),h.setCurrentRouteName=g?j(_,"routeName",void 0,n.K7.softNav):j(E,"routeName",!0,n.K7.spa),h.noticeError=function(t,r){"string"==typeof t&&(t=new Error(t)),(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/noticeError/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),(0,a.p)("err",[t,(0,m.t)(),!1,r,!!x[e]],void 0,n.K7.jserrors,w)},d.RI?(0,u.GG)((()=>k()),!0):k(),h}var N=r(9417),T=r(8122);const S={accountID:void 0,trustKey:void 0,agentID:void 0,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,xpid:void 0},j={};var k=r(5284);const I=e=>{const t=e.startsWith("http");e+="/",r.p=t?e:"https://"+e};let O=!1;function P(e,t={},r,n){let{init:a,info:c,loader_config:u,runtime:l={},exposed:f=!0}=t;l.loaderType=r;const p=(0,g.pV)();c||(a=p.init,c=p.info,u=p.loader_config),(0,N.xN)(e.agentIdentifier,a||{}),function(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All loader-config objects require an agent identifier!");j[e]=(0,T.a)(t,S);const r=(0,g.nY)(e);r&&(r.loader_config=j[e])}(e.agentIdentifier,u||{}),c.jsAttributes??={},d.bv&&(c.jsAttributes.isWorker=!0),(0,i.x1)(e.agentIdentifier,c);const h=(0,N.D0)(e.agentIdentifier),v=[c.beacon,c.errorBeacon];O||(h.proxy.assets&&(I(h.proxy.assets),v.push(h.proxy.assets)),h.proxy.beacon&&v.push(h.proxy.beacon),E(),(0,g.US)("activatedFeatures",k.B),e.runSoftNavOverSpa&&=!0===h.soft_navigations.enabled&&h.feature_flags.includes("soft_nav")),l.denyList=[...h.ajax.deny_list||[],...h.ajax.block_internal?v:[]],l.ptid=e.agentIdentifier,(0,o.V)(e.agentIdentifier,l),e.ee=s.ee.get(e.agentIdentifier),void 0===e.api&&(e.api=_(e.agentIdentifier,n,e.runSoftNavOverSpa)),void 0===e.exposed&&(e.exposed=f),O=!0}},8374:(e,t,r)=>{r.nc=(()=>{try{return document?.currentScript?.nonce}catch(e){}return""})()},860:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{$J:()=>o,K7:()=>n,P3:()=>i});const n={ajax:"ajax",genericEvents:"generic_events",jserrors:"jserrors",logging:"logging",metrics:"metrics",pageAction:"page_action",pageViewEvent:"page_view_event",pageViewTiming:"page_view_timing",sessionReplay:"session_replay",sessionTrace:"session_trace",softNav:"soft_navigations",spa:"spa"},i={[n.pageViewEvent]:1,[n.pageViewTiming]:2,[n.metrics]:3,[n.jserrors]:4,[n.spa]:5,[n.ajax]:6,[n.sessionTrace]:7,[n.softNav]:8,[n.sessionReplay]:9,[n.logging]:10,[n.genericEvents]:11},o={[n.pageViewTiming]:"events",[n.ajax]:"events",[n.spa]:"events",[n.softNav]:"events",[n.metrics]:"jserrors",[n.jserrors]:"jserrors",[n.sessionTrace]:"browser/blobs",[n.sessionReplay]:"browser/blobs",[n.logging]:"browser/logs",[n.genericEvents]:"ins"}}},n={};function i(e){var t=n[e];if(void 0!==t)return t.exports;var o=n[e]={exports:{}};return r[e](o,o.exports,i),o.exports}i.m=r,i.d=(e,t)=>{for(var r in t)i.o(t,r)&&!i.o(e,r)&&Object.defineProperty(e,r,{enumerable:!0,get:t[r]})},i.f={},i.e=e=>Promise.all(Object.keys(i.f).reduce(((t,r)=>(i.f[r](e,t),t)),[])),i.u=e=>"nr-rum-1.274.0.min.js",i.o=(e,t)=>Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(e,t),e={},t="NRBA-1.274.0.PROD:",i.l=(r,n,o,a)=>{if(e[r])e[r].push(n);else{var s,c;if(void 0!==o)for(var u=document.getElementsByTagName("script"),d=0;d<u.length;d++){var l=u[d];if(l.getAttribute("src")==r||l.getAttribute("data-webpack")==t+o){s=l;break}}if(!s){c=!0;var f={296:"sha512-gkYkZDAwQ9PwaDXs2YM+rNIdRej1Ac1mupWobRJ8eahQcXz6/sunGZCKklrzi5kWxhOGRZr2tn0rEKuLTXzfAA=="};(s=document.createElement("script")).charset="utf-8",s.timeout=120,i.nc&&s.setAttribute("nonce",i.nc),s.setAttribute("data-webpack",t+o),s.src=r,0!==s.src.indexOf(window.location.origin+"/")&&(s.crossOrigin="anonymous"),f[a]&&(s.integrity=f[a])}e[r]=[n];var g=(t,n)=>{s.onerror=s.onload=null,clearTimeout(p);var i=e[r];if(delete e[r],s.parentNode&&s.parentNode.removeChild(s),i&&i.forEach((e=>e(n))),t)return t(n)},p=setTimeout(g.bind(null,void 0,{type:"timeout",target:s}),12e4);s.onerror=g.bind(null,s.onerror),s.onload=g.bind(null,s.onload),c&&document.head.appendChild(s)}},i.r=e=>{"undefined"!=typeof Symbol&&Symbol.toStringTag&&Object.defineProperty(e,Symbol.toStringTag,{value:"Module"}),Object.defineProperty(e,"__esModule",{value:!0})},i.p="https://js-agent.newrelic.com/",(()=>{var e={840:0,374:0};i.f.j=(t,r)=>{var n=i.o(e,t)?e[t]:void 0;if(0!==n)if(n)r.push(n[2]);else{var o=new Promise(((r,i)=>n=e[t]=[r,i]));r.push(n[2]=o);var a=i.p+i.u(t),s=new Error;i.l(a,(r=>{if(i.o(e,t)&&(0!==(n=e[t])&&(e[t]=void 0),n)){var o=r&&("load"===r.type?"missing":r.type),a=r&&r.target&&r.target.src;s.message="Loading chunk "+t+" failed.\n("+o+": "+a+")",s.name="ChunkLoadError",s.type=o,s.request=a,n[1](s)}}),"chunk-"+t,t)}};var t=(t,r)=>{var n,o,[a,s,c]=r,u=0;if(a.some((t=>0!==e[t]))){for(n in s)i.o(s,n)&&(i.m[n]=s[n]);if(c)c(i)}for(t&&t(r);u<a.length;u++)o=a[u],i.o(e,o)&&e[o]&&e[o][0](),e[o]=0},r=self["webpackChunk:NRBA-1.274.0.PROD"]=self["webpackChunk:NRBA-1.274.0.PROD"]||[];r.forEach(t.bind(null,0)),r.push=t.bind(null,r.push.bind(r))})(),(()=>{"use strict";i(8374);var e=i(944),t=i(6344),r=i(9566);class n{agentIdentifier;constructor(e=(0,r.LA)(16)){this.agentIdentifier=e}#e(t,...r){if("function"==typeof this.api?.[t])return this.api[t](...r);(0,e.R)(35,t)}addPageAction(e,t){return this.#e("addPageAction",e,t)}setPageViewName(e,t){return this.#e("setPageViewName",e,t)}setCustomAttribute(e,t,r){return this.#e("setCustomAttribute",e,t,r)}noticeError(e,t){return this.#e("noticeError",e,t)}setUserId(e){return this.#e("setUserId",e)}setApplicationVersion(e){return this.#e("setApplicationVersion",e)}setErrorHandler(e){return this.#e("setErrorHandler",e)}addRelease(e,t){return this.#e("addRelease",e,t)}log(e,t){return this.#e("log",e,t)}}class o extends n{#e(t,...r){if("function"==typeof this.api?.[t])return this.api[t](...r);(0,e.R)(35,t)}start(){return this.#e("start")}finished(e){return this.#e("finished",e)}recordReplay(){return this.#e(t.G4.RECORD)}pauseReplay(){return this.#e(t.G4.PAUSE)}addToTrace(e){return this.#e("addToTrace",e)}setCurrentRouteName(e){return this.#e("setCurrentRouteName",e)}interaction(){return this.#e("interaction")}wrapLogger(e,t,r){return this.#e("wrapLogger",e,t,r)}}var a=i(860),s=i(9417);const c=Object.values(a.K7);function u(e){const t={};return c.forEach((r=>{t[r]=function(e,t){return!0===(0,s.gD)(t,"".concat(e,".enabled"))}(r,e)})),t}var d=i(7603);var l=i(1687),f=i(4234),g=i(5289),p=i(6154),h=i(384);const v=e=>p.RI&&!0===(0,s.gD)(e,"privacy.cookies_enabled");function m(e){return!!(0,h.dV)().o.MO&&v(e)&&!0===(0,s.gD)(e,"session_trace.enabled")}var b=i(6389);class y extends f.W{constructor(e,t,r=!0){super(e.agentIdentifier,t),this.auto=r,this.abortHandler=void 0,this.featAggregate=void 0,this.onAggregateImported=void 0,!1===e.init[this.featureName].autoStart&&(this.auto=!1),this.auto?(0,l.Ak)(e.agentIdentifier,t):this.ee.on("manual-start-all",(0,b.J)((()=>{(0,l.Ak)(e.agentIdentifier,this.featureName),this.auto=!0,this.importAggregator(e)})))}importAggregator(t,r={}){if(this.featAggregate||!this.auto)return;let n;this.onAggregateImported=new Promise((e=>{n=e}));const o=async()=>{let o;try{if(v(this.agentIdentifier)){const{setupAgentSession:e}=await i.e(296).then(i.bind(i,3861));o=e(t)}}catch(t){(0,e.R)(20,t),this.ee.emit("internal-error",[t]),this.featureName===a.K7.sessionReplay&&this.abortHandler?.()}try{if(t.sharedAggregator)await t.sharedAggregator;else{t.sharedAggregator=i.e(296).then(i.bind(i,9337));const{EventAggregator:e}=await t.sharedAggregator;t.sharedAggregator=new e}if(!this.#t(this.featureName,o))return(0,l.Ze)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName),void n(!1);const{lazyFeatureLoader:e}=await i.e(296).then(i.bind(i,6103)),{Aggregate:a}=await e(this.featureName,"aggregate");this.featAggregate=new a(t,r),n(!0)}catch(t){(0,e.R)(34,t),this.abortHandler?.(),(0,l.Ze)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName,!0),n(!1),this.ee&&this.ee.abort()}};p.RI?(0,g.GG)((()=>o()),!0):o()}#t(e,t){switch(e){case a.K7.sessionReplay:return m(this.agentIdentifier)&&!!t;case a.K7.sessionTrace:return!!t;default:return!0}}}var w=i(6630);class A extends y{static featureName=w.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,w.T,t),this.importAggregator(e)}}var R=i(9908),E=i(2843),x=i(3878),_=i(782),N=i(1863);class T extends y{static featureName=_.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,_.T,t),p.RI&&((0,E.u)((()=>(0,R.p)("docHidden",[(0,N.t)()],void 0,_.T,this.ee)),!0),(0,x.sp)("pagehide",(()=>(0,R.p)("winPagehide",[(0,N.t)()],void 0,_.T,this.ee))),this.importAggregator(e))}}var S=i(3969);class j extends y{static featureName=S.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,S.TZ,t),this.importAggregator(e)}}new class extends o{constructor(t,r){super(r),p.gm?(this.features={},(0,h.bQ)(this.agentIdentifier,this),this.desiredFeatures=new Set(t.features||[]),this.desiredFeatures.add(A),this.runSoftNavOverSpa=[...this.desiredFeatures].some((e=>e.featureName===a.K7.softNav)),(0,d.j)(this,t,t.loaderType||"agent"),this.run()):(0,e.R)(21)}get config(){return{info:this.info,init:this.init,loader_config:this.loader_config,runtime:this.runtime}}run(){try{const t=u(this.agentIdentifier),r=[...this.desiredFeatures];r.sort(((e,t)=>a.P3[e.featureName]-a.P3[t.featureName])),r.forEach((r=>{if(!t[r.featureName]&&r.featureName!==a.K7.pageViewEvent)return;if(this.runSoftNavOverSpa&&r.featureName===a.K7.spa)return;if(!this.runSoftNavOverSpa&&r.featureName===a.K7.softNav)return;const n=function(e){switch(e){case a.K7.ajax:return[a.K7.jserrors];case a.K7.sessionTrace:return[a.K7.ajax,a.K7.pageViewEvent];case a.K7.sessionReplay:return[a.K7.sessionTrace];case a.K7.pageViewTiming:return[a.K7.pageViewEvent];default:return[]}}(r.featureName).filter((e=>!(e in this.features)));n.length>0&&(0,e.R)(36,{targetFeature:r.featureName,missingDependencies:n}),this.features[r.featureName]=new r(this)}))}catch(t){(0,e.R)(22,t);for(const e in this.features)this.features[e].abortHandler?.();const r=(0,h.Zm)();delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.api,delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.features,delete this.sharedAggregator;return r.ee.get(this.agentIdentifier).abort(),!1}}}({features:[A,T,j],loaderType:"lite"})})()})();</script> <link rel="pingback" href="https://citp.princeton.edu/xmlrpc.php" /> <!--[if lt IE 9]> <script src="https://citp.princeton.edu/wp-content/themes/Extra/scripts/ext/html5.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <![endif]--> <script type="text/javascript"> document.documentElement.className = 'js'; // testing js injection $('.events-category-lectures .tribe-events-notices ul li').text('new text'); </script> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com" crossorigin /><style id="et-builder-googlefonts-cached-inline">/* Original: https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Arvo:regular,italic,700,700italic|Open+Sans:300,regular,500,600,700,800,300italic,italic,500italic,600italic,700italic,800italic&#038;subset=latin,cyrillic,cyrillic-ext,greek,greek-ext,hebrew,latin-ext,vietnamese&#038;display=swap *//* User Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Unknown; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/538.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Safari/538.1 Daum/4.1 */@font-face {font-family: 'Arvo';font-style: italic;font-weight: 400;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/arvo/v22/tDbN2oWUg0MKqSIg75Tq.ttf) format('truetype');}@font-face {font-family: 'Arvo';font-style: italic;font-weight: 700;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/arvo/v22/tDbO2oWUg0MKqSIoVLH68dr6.ttf) format('truetype');}@font-face {font-family: 'Arvo';font-style: normal;font-weight: 400;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/arvo/v22/tDbD2oWUg0MKqScQ6A.ttf) format('truetype');}@font-face {font-family: 'Arvo';font-style: normal;font-weight: 700;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/arvo/v22/tDbM2oWUg0MKoZw1-LPK9g.ttf) format('truetype');}@font-face {font-family: 'Open Sans';font-style: italic;font-weight: 300;font-stretch: normal;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v40/memQYaGs126MiZpBA-UFUIcVXSCEkx2cmqvXlWq8tWZ0Pw86hd0Rk5hkWVAexQ.ttf) format('truetype');}@font-face {font-family: 'Open Sans';font-style: italic;font-weight: 400;font-stretch: normal;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v40/memQYaGs126MiZpBA-UFUIcVXSCEkx2cmqvXlWq8tWZ0Pw86hd0Rk8ZkWVAexQ.ttf) format('truetype');}@font-face {font-family: 'Open Sans';font-style: italic;font-weight: 500;font-stretch: normal;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v40/memQYaGs126MiZpBA-UFUIcVXSCEkx2cmqvXlWq8tWZ0Pw86hd0Rk_RkWVAexQ.ttf) format('truetype');}@font-face {font-family: 'Open Sans';font-style: italic;font-weight: 600;font-stretch: normal;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v40/memQYaGs126MiZpBA-UFUIcVXSCEkx2cmqvXlWq8tWZ0Pw86hd0RkxhjWVAexQ.ttf) format('truetype');}@font-face {font-family: 'Open Sans';font-style: italic;font-weight: 700;font-stretch: normal;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v40/memQYaGs126MiZpBA-UFUIcVXSCEkx2cmqvXlWq8tWZ0Pw86hd0RkyFjWVAexQ.ttf) format('truetype');}@font-face {font-family: 'Open Sans';font-style: italic;font-weight: 800;font-stretch: normal;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v40/memQYaGs126MiZpBA-UFUIcVXSCEkx2cmqvXlWq8tWZ0Pw86hd0Rk0ZjWVAexQ.ttf) format('truetype');}@font-face {font-family: 'Open Sans';font-style: normal;font-weight: 300;font-stretch: normal;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v40/memSYaGs126MiZpBA-UvWbX2vVnXBbObj2OVZyOOSr4dVJWUgsiH0B4gaVc.ttf) format('truetype');}@font-face {font-family: 'Open Sans';font-style: normal;font-weight: 400;font-stretch: normal;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v40/memSYaGs126MiZpBA-UvWbX2vVnXBbObj2OVZyOOSr4dVJWUgsjZ0B4gaVc.ttf) format('truetype');}@font-face {font-family: 'Open Sans';font-style: normal;font-weight: 500;font-stretch: normal;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v40/memSYaGs126MiZpBA-UvWbX2vVnXBbObj2OVZyOOSr4dVJWUgsjr0B4gaVc.ttf) format('truetype');}@font-face {font-family: 'Open Sans';font-style: normal;font-weight: 600;font-stretch: normal;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v40/memSYaGs126MiZpBA-UvWbX2vVnXBbObj2OVZyOOSr4dVJWUgsgH1x4gaVc.ttf) format('truetype');}@font-face {font-family: 'Open Sans';font-style: normal;font-weight: 700;font-stretch: normal;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v40/memSYaGs126MiZpBA-UvWbX2vVnXBbObj2OVZyOOSr4dVJWUgsg-1x4gaVc.ttf) format('truetype');}@font-face {font-family: 'Open Sans';font-style: normal;font-weight: 800;font-stretch: normal;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v40/memSYaGs126MiZpBA-UvWbX2vVnXBbObj2OVZyOOSr4dVJWUgshZ1x4gaVc.ttf) format('truetype');}/* User Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; rv:27.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/27.0 */@font-face {font-family: 'Arvo';font-style: italic;font-weight: 400;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/arvo/v22/tDbN2oWUg0MKqSIg75Tp.woff) format('woff');}@font-face {font-family: 'Arvo';font-style: italic;font-weight: 700;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/arvo/v22/tDbO2oWUg0MKqSIoVLH68dr5.woff) format('woff');}@font-face {font-family: 'Arvo';font-style: normal;font-weight: 400;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/arvo/v22/tDbD2oWUg0MKqScQ6w.woff) format('woff');}@font-face {font-family: 'Arvo';font-style: normal;font-weight: 700;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/arvo/v22/tDbM2oWUg0MKoZw1-LPK9Q.woff) format('woff');}@font-face {font-family: 'Open Sans';font-style: italic;font-weight: 300;font-stretch: normal;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v40/memQYaGs126MiZpBA-UFUIcVXSCEkx2cmqvXlWq8tWZ0Pw86hd0Rk5hkWVAexg.woff) format('woff');}@font-face {font-family: 'Open Sans';font-style: italic;font-weight: 400;font-stretch: normal;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v40/memQYaGs126MiZpBA-UFUIcVXSCEkx2cmqvXlWq8tWZ0Pw86hd0Rk8ZkWVAexg.woff) format('woff');}@font-face {font-family: 'Open Sans';font-style: italic;font-weight: 500;font-stretch: normal;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v40/memQYaGs126MiZpBA-UFUIcVXSCEkx2cmqvXlWq8tWZ0Pw86hd0Rk_RkWVAexg.woff) format('woff');}@font-face {font-family: 'Open Sans';font-style: italic;font-weight: 600;font-stretch: normal;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v40/memQYaGs126MiZpBA-UFUIcVXSCEkx2cmqvXlWq8tWZ0Pw86hd0RkxhjWVAexg.woff) format('woff');}@font-face {font-family: 'Open Sans';font-style: italic;font-weight: 700;font-stretch: normal;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v40/memQYaGs126MiZpBA-UFUIcVXSCEkx2cmqvXlWq8tWZ0Pw86hd0RkyFjWVAexg.woff) format('woff');}@font-face {font-family: 'Open Sans';font-style: italic;font-weight: 800;font-stretch: normal;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v40/memQYaGs126MiZpBA-UFUIcVXSCEkx2cmqvXlWq8tWZ0Pw86hd0Rk0ZjWVAexg.woff) format('woff');}@font-face {font-family: 'Open Sans';font-style: normal;font-weight: 300;font-stretch: normal;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v40/memSYaGs126MiZpBA-UvWbX2vVnXBbObj2OVZyOOSr4dVJWUgsiH0B4gaVQ.woff) format('woff');}@font-face {font-family: 'Open Sans';font-style: normal;font-weight: 400;font-stretch: normal;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v40/memSYaGs126MiZpBA-UvWbX2vVnXBbObj2OVZyOOSr4dVJWUgsjZ0B4gaVQ.woff) format('woff');}@font-face {font-family: 'Open Sans';font-style: normal;font-weight: 500;font-stretch: normal;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v40/memSYaGs126MiZpBA-UvWbX2vVnXBbObj2OVZyOOSr4dVJWUgsjr0B4gaVQ.woff) format('woff');}@font-face {font-family: 'Open Sans';font-style: normal;font-weight: 600;font-stretch: normal;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v40/memSYaGs126MiZpBA-UvWbX2vVnXBbObj2OVZyOOSr4dVJWUgsgH1x4gaVQ.woff) format('woff');}@font-face {font-family: 'Open Sans';font-style: normal;font-weight: 700;font-stretch: normal;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v40/memSYaGs126MiZpBA-UvWbX2vVnXBbObj2OVZyOOSr4dVJWUgsg-1x4gaVQ.woff) format('woff');}@font-face {font-family: 'Open Sans';font-style: normal;font-weight: 800;font-stretch: normal;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v40/memSYaGs126MiZpBA-UvWbX2vVnXBbObj2OVZyOOSr4dVJWUgshZ1x4gaVQ.woff) format('woff');}/* User Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; rv:39.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/39.0 */@font-face {font-family: 'Arvo';font-style: italic;font-weight: 400;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/arvo/v22/tDbN2oWUg0MKqSIg75Tv.woff2) format('woff2');}@font-face {font-family: 'Arvo';font-style: italic;font-weight: 700;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/arvo/v22/tDbO2oWUg0MKqSIoVLH68dr_.woff2) format('woff2');}@font-face {font-family: 'Arvo';font-style: normal;font-weight: 400;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/arvo/v22/tDbD2oWUg0MKqScQ7Q.woff2) format('woff2');}@font-face {font-family: 'Arvo';font-style: normal;font-weight: 700;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/arvo/v22/tDbM2oWUg0MKoZw1-LPK8w.woff2) format('woff2');}@font-face {font-family: 'Open Sans';font-style: italic;font-weight: 300;font-stretch: normal;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v40/memQYaGs126MiZpBA-UFUIcVXSCEkx2cmqvXlWq8tWZ0Pw86hd0Rk5hkWVAewA.woff2) format('woff2');}@font-face {font-family: 'Open Sans';font-style: italic;font-weight: 400;font-stretch: normal;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v40/memQYaGs126MiZpBA-UFUIcVXSCEkx2cmqvXlWq8tWZ0Pw86hd0Rk8ZkWVAewA.woff2) format('woff2');}@font-face {font-family: 'Open Sans';font-style: italic;font-weight: 500;font-stretch: normal;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v40/memQYaGs126MiZpBA-UFUIcVXSCEkx2cmqvXlWq8tWZ0Pw86hd0Rk_RkWVAewA.woff2) format('woff2');}@font-face {font-family: 'Open Sans';font-style: italic;font-weight: 600;font-stretch: normal;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v40/memQYaGs126MiZpBA-UFUIcVXSCEkx2cmqvXlWq8tWZ0Pw86hd0RkxhjWVAewA.woff2) format('woff2');}@font-face {font-family: 'Open Sans';font-style: italic;font-weight: 700;font-stretch: normal;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v40/memQYaGs126MiZpBA-UFUIcVXSCEkx2cmqvXlWq8tWZ0Pw86hd0RkyFjWVAewA.woff2) format('woff2');}@font-face {font-family: 'Open Sans';font-style: italic;font-weight: 800;font-stretch: normal;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v40/memQYaGs126MiZpBA-UFUIcVXSCEkx2cmqvXlWq8tWZ0Pw86hd0Rk0ZjWVAewA.woff2) format('woff2');}@font-face {font-family: 'Open Sans';font-style: normal;font-weight: 300;font-stretch: normal;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v40/memSYaGs126MiZpBA-UvWbX2vVnXBbObj2OVZyOOSr4dVJWUgsiH0B4gaVI.woff2) format('woff2');}@font-face {font-family: 'Open Sans';font-style: normal;font-weight: 400;font-stretch: normal;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v40/memSYaGs126MiZpBA-UvWbX2vVnXBbObj2OVZyOOSr4dVJWUgsjZ0B4gaVI.woff2) format('woff2');}@font-face {font-family: 'Open Sans';font-style: normal;font-weight: 500;font-stretch: normal;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v40/memSYaGs126MiZpBA-UvWbX2vVnXBbObj2OVZyOOSr4dVJWUgsjr0B4gaVI.woff2) format('woff2');}@font-face {font-family: 'Open Sans';font-style: normal;font-weight: 600;font-stretch: normal;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v40/memSYaGs126MiZpBA-UvWbX2vVnXBbObj2OVZyOOSr4dVJWUgsgH1x4gaVI.woff2) format('woff2');}@font-face {font-family: 'Open Sans';font-style: normal;font-weight: 700;font-stretch: normal;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v40/memSYaGs126MiZpBA-UvWbX2vVnXBbObj2OVZyOOSr4dVJWUgsg-1x4gaVI.woff2) format('woff2');}@font-face {font-family: 'Open Sans';font-style: normal;font-weight: 800;font-stretch: normal;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v40/memSYaGs126MiZpBA-UvWbX2vVnXBbObj2OVZyOOSr4dVJWUgshZ1x4gaVI.woff2) format('woff2');}</style><meta name='robots' content='index, follow, max-image-preview:large, max-snippet:-1, max-video-preview:-1' /> <script type="text/javascript"> let jqueryParams=[],jQuery=function(r){return jqueryParams=[...jqueryParams,r],jQuery},$=function(r){return jqueryParams=[...jqueryParams,r],$};window.jQuery=jQuery,window.$=jQuery;let customHeadScripts=!1;jQuery.fn=jQuery.prototype={},$.fn=jQuery.prototype={},jQuery.noConflict=function(r){if(window.jQuery)return jQuery=window.jQuery,$=window.jQuery,customHeadScripts=!0,jQuery.noConflict},jQuery.ready=function(r){jqueryParams=[...jqueryParams,r]},$.ready=function(r){jqueryParams=[...jqueryParams,r]},jQuery.load=function(r){jqueryParams=[...jqueryParams,r]},$.load=function(r){jqueryParams=[...jqueryParams,r]},jQuery.fn.ready=function(r){jqueryParams=[...jqueryParams,r]},$.fn.ready=function(r){jqueryParams=[...jqueryParams,r]};</script> <!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v22.1 - https://yoast.com/wordpress/plugins/seo/ --> <title>Privacy &amp; Security - Center for Information Technology Policy</title> <link rel="canonical" href="https://citp.princeton.edu/our-work/privacysecurity/" /> <meta property="og:locale" content="en_US" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="og:title" content="Privacy &amp; Security - Center for Information Technology Policy" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://citp.princeton.edu/our-work/privacysecurity/" /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="Center for Information Technology Policy" /> <meta property="article:modified_time" content="2024-04-24T04:21:05+00:00" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" /> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@PrincetonCITP" /> <meta name="twitter:label1" content="Est. reading time" /> <meta name="twitter:data1" content="2 minutes" /> <script type="application/ld+json" class="yoast-schema-graph">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https://citp.princeton.edu/our-work/privacysecurity/","url":"https://citp.princeton.edu/our-work/privacysecurity/","name":"Privacy & Security - Center for Information Technology Policy","isPartOf":{"@id":"https://citp.princeton.edu/#website"},"datePublished":"2018-06-13T18:35:44+00:00","dateModified":"2024-04-24T04:21:05+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https://citp.princeton.edu/our-work/privacysecurity/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https://citp.princeton.edu/our-work/privacysecurity/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https://citp.princeton.edu/our-work/privacysecurity/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https://citp.princeton.edu/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Our Work","item":"https://citp.princeton.edu/our-work/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"Privacy &#038; Security"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https://citp.princeton.edu/#website","url":"https://citp.princeton.edu/","name":"Center for Information Technology Policy","description":"The official website Princeton University&#039;s Center for Information Technology Policy","publisher":{"@id":"https://citp.princeton.edu/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https://citp.princeton.edu/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https://citp.princeton.edu/#organization","name":"Center for Information Technology Policy","url":"https://citp.princeton.edu/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://citp.princeton.edu/#/schema/logo/image/","url":"https://citpsite.s3.amazonaws.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/15123747/citp-logo.png","contentUrl":"https://citpsite.s3.amazonaws.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/15123747/citp-logo.png","width":300,"height":255,"caption":"Center for Information Technology Policy"},"image":{"@id":"https://citp.princeton.edu/#/schema/logo/image/"},"sameAs":["https://twitter.com/PrincetonCITP","https://www.youtube.com/user/citpprinceton/videos"]}]}</script> <!-- / Yoast SEO plugin. --> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//citp.princeton.edu' /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="Center for Information Technology Policy &raquo; Feed" href="https://citp.princeton.edu/feed/" /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="Center for Information Technology Policy &raquo; Comments Feed" href="https://citp.princeton.edu/comments/feed/" /> <link rel="alternate" type="text/calendar" title="Center for Information Technology Policy &raquo; iCal Feed" href="https://citp.princeton.edu/events/?ical=1" /> <meta content="CITP Theme - 2018 v.1.2.0" name="generator"/><link rel='stylesheet' id='tribe-events-pro-mini-calendar-block-styles-css' href='https://citp.princeton.edu/wp-content/plugins/events-calendar-pro/src/resources/css/tribe-events-pro-mini-calendar-block.min.css?ver=6.3.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <style id='wp-block-library-theme-inline-css' type='text/css'> .wp-block-audio figcaption{color:#555;font-size:13px;text-align:center}.is-dark-theme .wp-block-audio figcaption{color:hsla(0,0%,100%,.65)}.wp-block-audio{margin:0 0 1em}.wp-block-code{border:1px solid #ccc;border-radius:4px;font-family:Menlo,Consolas,monaco,monospace;padding:.8em 1em}.wp-block-embed figcaption{color:#555;font-size:13px;text-align:center}.is-dark-theme .wp-block-embed figcaption{color:hsla(0,0%,100%,.65)}.wp-block-embed{margin:0 0 1em}.blocks-gallery-caption{color:#555;font-size:13px;text-align:center}.is-dark-theme .blocks-gallery-caption{color:hsla(0,0%,100%,.65)}.wp-block-image figcaption{color:#555;font-size:13px;text-align:center}.is-dark-theme .wp-block-image figcaption{color:hsla(0,0%,100%,.65)}.wp-block-image{margin:0 0 1em}.wp-block-pullquote{border-bottom:4px solid;border-top:4px solid;color:currentColor;margin-bottom:1.75em}.wp-block-pullquote cite,.wp-block-pullquote footer,.wp-block-pullquote__citation{color:currentColor;font-size:.8125em;font-style:normal;text-transform:uppercase}.wp-block-quote{border-left:.25em solid;margin:0 0 1.75em;padding-left:1em}.wp-block-quote cite,.wp-block-quote footer{color:currentColor;font-size:.8125em;font-style:normal;position:relative}.wp-block-quote.has-text-align-right{border-left:none;border-right:.25em solid;padding-left:0;padding-right:1em}.wp-block-quote.has-text-align-center{border:none;padding-left:0}.wp-block-quote.is-large,.wp-block-quote.is-style-large,.wp-block-quote.is-style-plain{border:none}.wp-block-search .wp-block-search__label{font-weight:700}.wp-block-search__button{border:1px solid #ccc;padding:.375em .625em}:where(.wp-block-group.has-background){padding:1.25em 2.375em}.wp-block-separator.has-css-opacity{opacity:.4}.wp-block-separator{border:none;border-bottom:2px solid;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.wp-block-separator.has-alpha-channel-opacity{opacity:1}.wp-block-separator:not(.is-style-wide):not(.is-style-dots){width:100px}.wp-block-separator.has-background:not(.is-style-dots){border-bottom:none;height:1px}.wp-block-separator.has-background:not(.is-style-wide):not(.is-style-dots){height:2px}.wp-block-table{margin:0 0 1em}.wp-block-table td,.wp-block-table th{word-break:normal}.wp-block-table figcaption{color:#555;font-size:13px;text-align:center}.is-dark-theme .wp-block-table figcaption{color:hsla(0,0%,100%,.65)}.wp-block-video figcaption{color:#555;font-size:13px;text-align:center}.is-dark-theme .wp-block-video figcaption{color:hsla(0,0%,100%,.65)}.wp-block-video{margin:0 0 1em}.wp-block-template-part.has-background{margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;padding:1.25em 2.375em} </style> <style id='global-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'> body{--wp--preset--color--black: #000000;--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray: #abb8c3;--wp--preset--color--white: #ffffff;--wp--preset--color--pale-pink: #f78da7;--wp--preset--color--vivid-red: #cf2e2e;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange: #ff6900;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber: #fcb900;--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan: #7bdcb5;--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan: #00d084;--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue: #8ed1fc;--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue: #0693e3;--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple: #9b51e0;--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(6,147,227,1) 0%,rgb(155,81,224) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(122,220,180) 0%,rgb(0,208,130) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(252,185,0,1) 0%,rgba(255,105,0,1) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(255,105,0,1) 0%,rgb(207,46,46) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(238,238,238) 0%,rgb(169,184,195) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(74,234,220) 0%,rgb(151,120,209) 20%,rgb(207,42,186) 40%,rgb(238,44,130) 60%,rgb(251,105,98) 80%,rgb(254,248,76) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,206,236) 0%,rgb(152,150,240) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(254,205,165) 0%,rgb(254,45,45) 50%,rgb(107,0,62) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,203,112) 0%,rgb(199,81,192) 50%,rgb(65,88,208) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,245,203) 0%,rgb(182,227,212) 50%,rgb(51,167,181) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(202,248,128) 0%,rgb(113,206,126) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--midnight: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(2,3,129) 0%,rgb(40,116,252) 100%);--wp--preset--font-size--small: 13px;--wp--preset--font-size--medium: 20px;--wp--preset--font-size--large: 36px;--wp--preset--font-size--x-large: 42px;--wp--preset--spacing--20: 0.44rem;--wp--preset--spacing--30: 0.67rem;--wp--preset--spacing--40: 1rem;--wp--preset--spacing--50: 1.5rem;--wp--preset--spacing--60: 2.25rem;--wp--preset--spacing--70: 3.38rem;--wp--preset--spacing--80: 5.06rem;--wp--preset--shadow--natural: 6px 6px 9px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--deep: 12px 12px 50px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);--wp--preset--shadow--sharp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--outlined: 6px 6px 0px -3px rgba(255, 255, 255, 1), 6px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);--wp--preset--shadow--crisp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);}body { margin: 0;--wp--style--global--content-size: 856px;--wp--style--global--wide-size: 1280px; }.wp-site-blocks > .alignleft { float: left; margin-right: 2em; }.wp-site-blocks > .alignright { float: right; margin-left: 2em; }.wp-site-blocks > .aligncenter { justify-content: center; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; }:where(.is-layout-flex){gap: 0.5em;}:where(.is-layout-grid){gap: 0.5em;}body .is-layout-flow > .alignleft{float: left;margin-inline-start: 0;margin-inline-end: 2em;}body .is-layout-flow > .alignright{float: right;margin-inline-start: 2em;margin-inline-end: 0;}body .is-layout-flow > .aligncenter{margin-left: auto !important;margin-right: auto !important;}body .is-layout-constrained > .alignleft{float: left;margin-inline-start: 0;margin-inline-end: 2em;}body .is-layout-constrained > .alignright{float: right;margin-inline-start: 2em;margin-inline-end: 0;}body .is-layout-constrained > .aligncenter{margin-left: auto !important;margin-right: auto !important;}body .is-layout-constrained > :where(:not(.alignleft):not(.alignright):not(.alignfull)){max-width: var(--wp--style--global--content-size);margin-left: auto !important;margin-right: auto !important;}body .is-layout-constrained > .alignwide{max-width: var(--wp--style--global--wide-size);}body .is-layout-flex{display: flex;}body .is-layout-flex{flex-wrap: wrap;align-items: center;}body .is-layout-flex > *{margin: 0;}body .is-layout-grid{display: grid;}body .is-layout-grid > *{margin: 0;}body{padding-top: 0px;padding-right: 0px;padding-bottom: 0px;padding-left: 0px;}a:where(:not(.wp-element-button)){text-decoration: underline;}.wp-element-button, .wp-block-button__link{background-color: #32373c;border-width: 0;color: #fff;font-family: inherit;font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;padding: calc(0.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);text-decoration: none;}.has-black-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red) !important;}.has-very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-cool-to-warm-spectrum-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum) !important;}.has-blush-light-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple) !important;}.has-blush-bordeaux-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux) !important;}.has-luminous-dusk-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk) !important;}.has-pale-ocean-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean) !important;}.has-electric-grass-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass) !important;}.has-midnight-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--midnight) !important;}.has-small-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--small) !important;}.has-medium-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium) !important;}.has-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--large) !important;}.has-x-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--x-large) !important;} .wp-block-navigation a:where(:not(.wp-element-button)){color: inherit;} :where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;} :where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;} .wp-block-pullquote{font-size: 1.5em;line-height: 1.6;} </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='eeb-css-frontend-css' href='https://citp.princeton.edu/wp-content/plugins/email-encoder-bundle/core/includes/assets/css/style.css?ver=241127-91604' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='themify-font-icons-css2-css' href='https://citp.princeton.edu/wp-content/plugins/themify-ptb/admin/themify-icons/font-awesome.min.css?ver=1.5.6' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='ptb-colors-css' href='https://citp.princeton.edu/wp-content/plugins/themify-ptb/admin/themify-icons/themify.framework.min.css?ver=1.5.6' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='ptb-css' href='https://citp.princeton.edu/wp-content/plugins/themify-ptb/public/css/ptb-public.min.css?ver=1.5.6' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='extra-style-parent-css' href='https://citp.princeton.edu/wp-content/themes/Extra/style-static.min.css?ver=4.24.0' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='citp-style-css' href='https://citp.princeton.edu/wp-content/themes/Extra-child/style.css?ver=4.24.0' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='extra-style-css' href='https://citp.princeton.edu/wp-content/themes/Extra-child/style.css?ver=4.24.0' type='text/css' media='all' /> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://citp.princeton.edu/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery.min.js?ver=3.7.1" id="jquery-core-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://citp.princeton.edu/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery-migrate.min.js?ver=3.4.1" id="jquery-migrate-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="jquery-js-after"> /* <![CDATA[ */ jqueryParams.length&&$.each(jqueryParams,function(e,r){if("function"==typeof r){var n=String(r);n.replace("$","jQuery");var a=new Function("return "+n)();$(document).ready(a)}}); /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://citp.princeton.edu/wp-content/plugins/email-encoder-bundle/core/includes/assets/js/custom.js?ver=241127-91604" id="eeb-js-frontend-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="ptb-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var ptb = {"url":"https:\/\/citp.princeton.edu\/wp-content\/plugins\/themify-ptb\/public\/","ver":"1.5.6","min":{"css":{"lightbox":1},"js":[]},"include":"https:\/\/citp.princeton.edu\/wp-includes\/js\/"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" defer="defer" src="https://citp.princeton.edu/wp-content/plugins/themify-ptb/public/js/ptb-public.min.js?ver=1.5.6" id="ptb-js"></script> <link rel="https://api.w.org/" href="https://citp.princeton.edu/wp-json/" /><link rel="alternate" type="application/json" href="https://citp.princeton.edu/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/16850" /><link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" title="RSD" href="https://citp.princeton.edu/xmlrpc.php?rsd" /> <meta name="generator" content="WordPress 6.4.3" /> <link rel='shortlink' href='https://citp.princeton.edu/?p=16850' /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/json+oembed" href="https://citp.princeton.edu/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcitp.princeton.edu%2Four-work%2Fprivacysecurity%2F" /> <link rel="alternate" type="text/xml+oembed" href="https://citp.princeton.edu/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcitp.princeton.edu%2Four-work%2Fprivacysecurity%2F&#038;format=xml" /> <style> @font-face { font-family: 'cat_post'; src: url('https://citp.princeton.edu/wp-content/plugins/category-posts/icons/font/cat_post.eot?58348147'); src: url('https://citp.princeton.edu/wp-content/plugins/category-posts/icons/font/cat_post.eot?58348147#iefix') format('embedded-opentype'), url('https://citp.princeton.edu/wp-content/plugins/category-posts/icons/font/cat_post.woff2?58348147') format('woff2'), url('https://citp.princeton.edu/wp-content/plugins/category-posts/icons/font/cat_post.woff?58348147') format('woff'), url('https://citp.princeton.edu/wp-content/plugins/category-posts/icons/font/cat_post.ttf?58348147') format('truetype'); font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; } #category-posts-3-internal ul {padding: 0;} #category-posts-3-internal .cat-post-item img {max-width: initial; max-height: initial; margin: initial;} #category-posts-3-internal .cat-post-author {margin-bottom: 0;} #category-posts-3-internal .cat-post-thumbnail {margin: 5px 10px 5px 0;} #category-posts-3-internal .cat-post-item:before {content: ""; clear: both;} #category-posts-3-internal .cat-post-excerpt-more {display: inline-block;} #category-posts-3-internal .cat-post-item {list-style: none; margin: 3px 0 10px; padding: 3px 0;} #category-posts-3-internal .cat-post-current .cat-post-title {font-weight: bold; text-transform: uppercase;} #category-posts-3-internal [class*=cat-post-tax] {font-size: 0.85em;} #category-posts-3-internal [class*=cat-post-tax] * {display:inline-block;} #category-posts-3-internal .cat-post-item a:after {content: ""; display: table; clear: both;} #category-posts-3-internal .cat-post-item .cat-post-title {overflow: hidden;text-overflow: ellipsis;white-space: initial;display: -webkit-box;-webkit-line-clamp: 2;-webkit-box-orient: vertical;padding-bottom: 0 !important;} #category-posts-3-internal .cat-post-thumbnail span {position:relative; display:inline-block;} #category-posts-3-internal .cat-post-format:after {font-family: "cat_post"; position:absolute; color:#FFFFFF; font-size:64px; line-height: 1; top:10%; left:10%;} #category-posts-3-internal .cat-post-format-aside:after { content: '\f0f6'; } #category-posts-3-internal .cat-post-format-chat:after { content: '\e802'; } #category-posts-3-internal .cat-post-format-gallery:after { content: '\e805'; } #category-posts-3-internal .cat-post-format-link:after { content: '\e809'; } #category-posts-3-internal .cat-post-format-image:after { content: '\e800'; } #category-posts-3-internal .cat-post-format-quote:after { content: '\f10d'; } #category-posts-3-internal .cat-post-format-status:after { content: '\e80a'; } #category-posts-3-internal .cat-post-format-video:after { content: '\e801'; } #category-posts-3-internal .cat-post-format-audio:after { content: '\e803'; } #category-posts-3-internal .cat-post-item a:after {content: ""; clear: both;} #category-posts-3-internal .cat-post-thumbnail {display:block; float:left; margin:5px 10px 5px 0;} #category-posts-3-internal .cat-post-crop {overflow:hidden;display:block;} #category-posts-3-internal p {margin:5px 0 0 0} #category-posts-3-internal li > div {margin:5px 0 0 0; clear:both;} #category-posts-3-internal .dashicons {vertical-align:middle;} #category-posts-3-internal .cat-post-thumbnail .cat-post-crop img {height: 50px;} #category-posts-3-internal .cat-post-thumbnail .cat-post-crop img {width: 50px;} #category-posts-3-internal .cat-post-thumbnail .cat-post-crop img {object-fit: cover; max-width: 100%; display: block;} #category-posts-3-internal .cat-post-thumbnail .cat-post-crop-not-supported img {width: 100%;} #category-posts-3-internal .cat-post-thumbnail {max-width:100%;} #category-posts-3-internal .cat-post-item img {margin: initial;} </style> <script type="text/javascript"> ajaxurl = 'https://citp.princeton.edu/wp-admin/admin-ajax.php'; </script> <meta name="tec-api-version" content="v1"><meta name="tec-api-origin" content="https://citp.princeton.edu"><link rel="alternate" href="https://citp.princeton.edu/wp-json/tribe/events/v1/" /><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, user-scalable=1" /><link rel="shortcut icon" href="https://s3.amazonaws.com/citpsite/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/04210627/favicon.ico" /><style id="et-extra-customizer-global-cached-inline-styles">@media only screen and (min-width:1025px){.with_sidebar .et_pb_extra_column_sidebar{min-width:19%;max-width:19%;width:19%;flex-basis:19%}.with_sidebar .et_pb_extra_column_main{min-width:81%;max-width:81%;width:81%;flex-basis:81%}}.widget_et_recent_tweets .widget_list a,.widget_et_recent_tweets .et-extra-icon,.widget_et_recent_tweets .widget-footer .et-extra-social-icon,.widget_et_recent_tweets .widget-footer .et-extra-social-icon::before,.project-details .project-details-title,.et_filterable_portfolio .filterable_portfolio_filter a.current,.et_extra_layout .et_pb_extra_column_main .et_pb_column .module-head h1,.et_pb_extra_column .module-head h1,#portfolio_filter a.current,.woocommerce div.product div.summary .product_meta a,.woocommerce-page div.product div.summary .product_meta a,.et_pb_widget.woocommerce .product_list_widget li .amount,.et_pb_widget li a:hover,.et_pb_widget.woocommerce .product_list_widget li a:hover,.et_pb_widget.widget_et_recent_videos .widget_list .title:hover,.et_pb_widget.widget_et_recent_videos .widget_list .title.active,.woocommerce .woocommerce-info:before{color:#006396}.single .score-bar,.widget_et_recent_reviews .review-breakdowns .score-bar,.et_pb_extra_module .posts-list article .post-thumbnail,.et_extra_other_module .posts-list article .post-thumbnail,.et_pb_widget .widget_list_portrait,.et_pb_widget .widget_list_thumbnail,.quote-format,.link-format,.audio-format .audio-wrapper,.paginated .pagination li.active,.score-bar,.review-summary-score-box,.post-footer .rating-stars #rating-stars img.star-on,.post-footer .rating-stars #rated-stars img.star-on,.author-box-module .author-box-avatar,.timeline-menu li.active a:before,.woocommerce div.product form.cart .button,.woocommerce div.product form.cart .button.disabled,.woocommerce div.product form.cart .button.disabled:hover,.woocommerce-page div.product form.cart .button,.woocommerce-page div.product form.cart .button.disabled,.woocommerce-page div.product form.cart .button.disabled:hover,.woocommerce div.product form.cart .read-more-button,.woocommerce-page div.product form.cart .read-more-button,.woocommerce div.product form.cart .post-nav .nav-links .button,.woocommerce-page div.product form.cart .post-nav .nav-links .button,.woocommerce .woocommerce-message,.woocommerce-page .woocommerce-message{background-color:#006396}#et-menu>li>ul,#et-menu li>ul,#et-menu>li>ul>li>ul,.et-top-search-primary-menu-item .et-top-search,.et_pb_module,.module,.page article,.authors-page .page,#timeline-sticky-header,.et_extra_other_module,.woocommerce .woocommerce-info{border-color:#006396}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,h1 a,h2 a,h3 a,h4 a,h5 a,h6 a{font-size:18px}body{font-size:16px}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,h1 a,h2 a,h3 a,h4 a,h5 a,h6 a{line-height:1.1em}body,p{line-height:1.2em}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,h1 a,h2 a,h3 a,h4 a,h5 a,h6 a{font-weight:bold;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;text-decoration:none}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,h1 a,h2 a,h3 a,h4 a,h5 a,h6 a{font-family:'Arvo',Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif}body{font-family:'Open Sans',Helvetica,Arial,Lucida,sans-serif}a,a:visited,.post-content a,.et_pb_pagebuilder_layout .et_pb_blurb_container p a,.et_pb_pagebuilder_layout .et_pb_code a,.et_pb_pagebuilder_layout .et_pb_promo_description a,.et_pb_pagebuilder_layout .et_pb_newsletter_description a,.et_pb_pagebuilder_layout .et_pb_team_member_description>a,.et_pb_pagebuilder_layout .et_pb_pricing li a,.et_pb_pagebuilder_layout .et_pb_slide_content a,.et_pb_pagebuilder_layout .et_pb_tab a,.et_pb_pagebuilder_layout .et_pb_text a,.et_pb_pagebuilder_layout .et_pb_toggle_content a,.et_pb_pagebuilder_layout .et_pb_fullwidth_code a{color:#006396}body{color:#1a1a1a}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,h1 a,h2 a,h3 a,h4 a,h5 a,h6 a{color:#000000}#page-container{background-color:#ffffff}#et-menu li a{font-size:15px}#et-menu li{font-family:'Open Sans',Helvetica,Arial,Lucida,sans-serif}#et-menu>li a,#et-menu>li.menu-item-has-children>a:after,#et-menu>li.mega-menu-featured>a:after,#et-extra-mobile-menu>li.mega-menu-featured>a:after{color:#1a1a1a}#et-menu>li>a:hover,#et-menu>li.menu-item-has-children>a:hover:after,#et-menu>li.mega-menu-featured>a:hover:after,#et-navigation>ul#et-menu>li.current-menu-item>a,#et-navigation>ul#et-menu>li.current_page_item>a,#et-extra-mobile-menu>li.mega-menu-featured>a:hover:after,#et-extra-mobile-menu>li.current-menu-item>a,#et-extra-mobile-menu>li.current_page_item>a,#et-extra-mobile-menu>li>a:hover{color:#006396}#et-navigation>ul>li>a:before{background-color:#006396}#main-header{background-color:#ffffff}#et-menu>li>ul,#et-menu li>ul,#et-menu>li>ul>li>ul,#et-mobile-navigation nav,.et-top-search-primary-menu-item .et-top-search{background-color:#ffffff}#et-menu li.mega-menu-featured>ul li.menu-item .recent-list .recent-post,#et-extra-mobile-menu li.mega-menu-featured>ul li.menu-item .recent-list .recent-post,#et-menu li.mega-menu>ul>li>a,#et-menu li.mega-menu>ul li:last-child a,#et-menu li>ul li a{border-color:#006298}#et-menu li>ul li a,#et-menu li.mega-menu>ul>li>a,#et-menu .sub-menu li.mega-menu-featured>a:after,#et-menu .sub-menu li.menu-item-has-children>a:after,#et-extra-mobile-menu .sub-menu li.mega-menu-featured>a:after,#et-extra-mobile-menu li a,#et-menu li.mega-menu-featured>ul li .title,#et-extra-mobile-menu li.mega-menu-featured>ul li .title,#et-menu li.mega-menu-featured>ul li .featured-post h2,#et-extra-mobile-menu li.mega-menu-featured>ul li .featured-post h2,#et-menu li.mega-menu-featured>ul li .featured-post .post-meta a,#et-extra-mobile-menu li.mega-menu-featured>ul li .featured-post .post-meta a,#et-menu li.mega-menu-featured>ul li.menu-item .recent-list .recent-post .post-content .post-meta,#et-extra-mobile-menu li.mega-menu-featured>ul li.menu-item .recent-list .recent-post .post-content .post-meta,#et-menu li.mega-menu-featured>ul li.menu-item .recent-list .recent-post .post-content .post-meta a,#et-extra-mobile-menu li.mega-menu-featured>ul li.menu-item .recent-list .recent-post .post-content .post-meta a{color:#1a1a1a}#et-menu li>ul li a:hover,#et-extra-mobile-menu li>ul li a:hover,#et-menu li>ul li.current-menu-item a,#et-menu li>ul li.current_page_item a,#et-extra-mobile-menu li>ul li.current-menu-item a,#et-extra-mobile-menu li>ul li.current_page_item a,#et-menu li.mega-menu>ul>li>a:hover,#et-menu .sub-menu li.mega-menu-featured>a:hover:after,#et-menu .sub-menu li.menu-item-has-children>a:hover:after,#et-extra-mobile-menu .sub-menu li.mega-menu-featured>a:hover:after,#et-menu li.mega-menu-featured>ul li .featured-post .post-meta a:hover,#et-extra-mobile-menu li.mega-menu-featured>ul li .featured-post .post-meta a:hover,#et-menu li.mega-menu-featured>ul li.menu-item .recent-list .recent-post .post-content .post-meta a:hover,#et-extra-mobile-menu li.mega-menu-featured>ul li.menu-item .recent-list .recent-post .post-content .post-meta a:hover{color:#1a1a1a}#top-header{background-color:#1a1a1a}#et-secondary-menu a,#et-secondary-menu li.menu-item-has-children>a:after{color:#4b4c4d}#et-secondary-menu li a:hover,#et-secondary-menu>li>a:hover:before,#et-secondary-menu li.menu-item-has-children>a:hover:after,#et-secondary-menu li.current-menu-item>a{color:#717273}#et-secondary-menu>li>a:hover:before{text-shadow:10px 0 #717273,-10px 0 #717273}#et-secondary-nav #et-secondary-menu{background-color:#1a1a1a}#et-trending-label,.et-trending-post a{font-size:12.000000px}#et-trending-button{width:17.142857px;height:17.142857px}#et-trending-button span{width:17.142857px;height:1.714286px}#et-trending-button.toggled span:first-child{-webkit-transform:translateY(5.571429px) rotate(45deg);transform:translateY(5.571429px) rotate(45deg)}#et-trending-button.toggled span:last-child{-webkit-transform:translateY(-5.571429px) rotate(-45deg);transform:translateY(-5.571429px) rotate(-45deg)}#et-info .et-cart,#et-info .et-top-search .et-search-field,#et-info .et-top-search .et-search-submit:before,#et-info .et-extra-social-icons .et-extra-icon,#et-info .et-extra-social-icons .et-extra-icon:before{color:#717273}.et-fixed-header #main-header{background-color:#ffffff}#footer-bottom{background-color:#ffffff}#footer-info,#footer-info a{color:#1a1a1a}#page-container .button,#page-container button,#page-container button[type="submit"],#page-container input[type="submit"],#page-container input[type="reset"],#page-container input[type="button"],.read-more-button,.comment-body .comment_area .comment-content .reply-container .comment-reply-link,.widget_tag_cloud a,.widget_tag_cloud a:visited,.post-nav .nav-links .button,a.read-more-button,a.read-more-button:visited,#footer .widget_tag_cloud a,#footer .widget_tag_cloud a:visited,#footer a.read-more-button,#footer a.read-more-button:visited,#footer .button,#footer button,#footer button[type="submit"],#footer input[type="submit"],#footer input[type="reset"],#footer input[type="button"],.et_pb_button{font-size:17px}#page-container .button,#page-container button,#page-container button[type="submit"],#page-container input[type="submit"],#page-container input[type="reset"],#page-container input[type="button"],.read-more-button,.comment-body .comment_area .comment-content .reply-container .comment-reply-link,.widget_tag_cloud a,.widget_tag_cloud a:visited,.post-nav .nav-links .button,a.read-more-button,a.read-more-button:visited,#footer .widget_tag_cloud a,#footer .widget_tag_cloud a:visited,#footer a.read-more-button,#footer a.read-more-button:visited,#footer .button,#footer button,#footer button[type="submit"],#footer input[type="submit"],#footer input[type="reset"],#footer input[type="button"],.et_pb_button{color:#ffffff}#page-container .button,#page-container button,#page-container button[type="submit"],#page-container input[type="submit"],#page-container input[type="reset"],#page-container input[type="button"],.read-more-button,.comment-body .comment_area .comment-content .reply-container .comment-reply-link,.widget_tag_cloud a,.widget_tag_cloud a:visited,.post-nav .nav-links .button,a.read-more-button,a.read-more-button:visited,#footer .widget_tag_cloud a,#footer .widget_tag_cloud a:visited,#footer a.read-more-button,#footer a.read-more-button:visited,#footer .button,#footer button,#footer button[type="submit"],#footer input[type="submit"],#footer input[type="reset"],#footer input[type="button"],.et_pb_button{background-color:#006396}#page-container .button,#page-container button,#page-container button[type="submit"],#page-container input[type="submit"],#page-container input[type="reset"],#page-container input[type="button"],.read-more-button,.comment-body .comment_area .comment-content .reply-container .comment-reply-link,.widget_tag_cloud a,.widget_tag_cloud a:visited,.post-nav .nav-links .button,a.read-more-button,a.read-more-button:visited,#footer .widget_tag_cloud a,#footer .widget_tag_cloud a:visited,#footer a.read-more-button,#footer a.read-more-button:visited,#footer .button,#footer button,#footer button[type="submit"],#footer input[type="submit"],#footer input[type="reset"],#footer input[type="button"],.et_pb_button{border-color:#006396}#page-container .button,#page-container button,#page-container button[type="submit"],#page-container input[type="submit"],#page-container input[type="reset"],#page-container input[type="button"],.read-more-button,.comment-body .comment_area .comment-content .reply-container .comment-reply-link,.widget_tag_cloud a,.widget_tag_cloud a:visited,.post-nav .nav-links .button,a.read-more-button,a.read-more-button:visited,#footer .widget_tag_cloud a,#footer .widget_tag_cloud a:visited,#footer a.read-more-button,#footer a.read-more-button:visited,#footer .button,#footer button,#footer button[type="submit"],#footer input[type="submit"],#footer input[type="reset"],#footer input[type="button"],.et_pb_button{border-radius:30px}#page-container .button,#page-container button,#page-container button[type="submit"],#page-container input[type="submit"],#page-container input[type="reset"],#page-container input[type="button"],.read-more-button,.comment-body .comment_area .comment-content .reply-container .comment-reply-link,.widget_tag_cloud a,.widget_tag_cloud a:visited,.post-nav .nav-links .button,a.read-more-button,a.read-more-button:visited,#footer .widget_tag_cloud a,#footer .widget_tag_cloud a:visited,#footer a.read-more-button,#footer a.read-more-button:visited,#footer .button,#footer button,#footer button[type="submit"],#footer input[type="submit"],#footer input[type="reset"],#footer input[type="button"],.et_pb_button{font-weight:600;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;text-decoration:none}#page-container .button:hover,#page-container button:hover,#page-container button[type="submit"]:hover,#page-container input[type="submit"]:hover,#page-container input[type="reset"]:hover,#page-container input[type="button"]:hover,.read-more-button:hover,.comment-body .comment_area .comment-content .reply-container .comment-reply-link:hover,.widget_tag_cloud a:hover,.widget_tag_cloud a:visited:hover,.post-nav .nav-links .button:hover,a.read-more-button:hover,a.read-more-button:visited:hover,#footer .widget_tag_cloud a:hover,#footer .widget_tag_cloud a:visited:hover,#footer a.read-more-button:hover,#footer a.read-more-button:visited:hover,#footer .button:hover,#footer button:hover,#footer button[type="submit"]:hover,#footer input[type="submit"]:hover,#footer input[type="reset"]:hover,#footer input[type="button"]:hover,.et_pb_button:hover{font-size:17px}#page-container .button:hover,#page-container button:hover,#page-container button[type="submit"]:hover,#page-container input[type="submit"]:hover,#page-container input[type="reset"]:hover,#page-container input[type="button"]:hover,.read-more-button:hover,.comment-body .comment_area .comment-content .reply-container .comment-reply-link:hover,.widget_tag_cloud a:hover,.widget_tag_cloud a:visited:hover,.post-nav .nav-links .button:hover,a.read-more-button:hover,a.read-more-button:visited:hover,#footer .widget_tag_cloud a:hover,#footer .widget_tag_cloud a:visited:hover,#footer a.read-more-button:hover,#footer a.read-more-button:visited:hover,#footer .button:hover,#footer button:hover,#footer button[type="submit"]:hover,#footer input[type="submit"]:hover,#footer input[type="reset"]:hover,#footer input[type="button"]:hover,.et_pb_button:hover{color:#ffffff}#page-container .button:hover,#page-container button:hover,#page-container button[type="submit"]:hover,#page-container input[type="submit"]:hover,#page-container input[type="reset"]:hover,#page-container input[type="button"]:hover,.read-more-button:hover,.comment-body .comment_area .comment-content .reply-container .comment-reply-link:hover,.widget_tag_cloud a:hover,.widget_tag_cloud a:visited:hover,.post-nav .nav-links .button:hover,a.read-more-button:hover,a.read-more-button:visited:hover,#footer .widget_tag_cloud a:hover,#footer .widget_tag_cloud a:visited:hover,#footer a.read-more-button:hover,#footer a.read-more-button:visited:hover,#footer .button:hover,#footer button:hover,#footer button[type="submit"]:hover,#footer input[type="submit"]:hover,#footer input[type="reset"]:hover,#footer input[type="button"]:hover,.et_pb_button:hover{background-color:#006396}#page-container .button:hover,#page-container button:hover,#page-container button[type="submit"]:hover,#page-container input[type="submit"]:hover,#page-container input[type="reset"]:hover,#page-container input[type="button"]:hover,.read-more-button:hover,.comment-body .comment_area .comment-content .reply-container .comment-reply-link:hover,.widget_tag_cloud a:hover,.widget_tag_cloud a:visited:hover,.post-nav .nav-links .button:hover,a.read-more-button:hover,a.read-more-button:visited:hover,#footer .widget_tag_cloud a:hover,#footer .widget_tag_cloud a:visited:hover,#footer a.read-more-button:hover,#footer a.read-more-button:visited:hover,#footer .button:hover,#footer button:hover,#footer button[type="submit"]:hover,#footer input[type="submit"]:hover,#footer input[type="reset"]:hover,#footer input[type="button"]:hover,.et_pb_button:hover{border-radius:30px}#page-container .button:hover,#page-container button:hover,#page-container button[type="submit"]:hover,#page-container input[type="submit"]:hover,#page-container input[type="reset"]:hover,#page-container input[type="button"]:hover,.read-more-button:hover,.comment-body .comment_area .comment-content .reply-container .comment-reply-link:hover,.widget_tag_cloud a:hover,.widget_tag_cloud a:visited:hover,.post-nav .nav-links .button:hover,a.read-more-button:hover,a.read-more-button:visited:hover,#footer .widget_tag_cloud a:hover,#footer .widget_tag_cloud a:visited:hover,#footer a.read-more-button:hover,#footer a.read-more-button:visited:hover,#footer .button:hover,#footer button:hover,#footer button[type="submit"]:hover,#footer input[type="submit"]:hover,#footer input[type="reset"]:hover,#footer input[type="button"]:hover,.et_pb_button:hover{font-weight:600;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;text-decoration:none}@media only screen and (min-width:768px){#main-header .logo{height:96.8px;margin:39.6px 0}.header.left-right #et-navigation>ul>li>a{padding-bottom:80.5px}}@media only screen and (min-width:768px){.et-fixed-header #main-header .logo{height:40.8px;margin:19.6px 0}.et-fixed-header .header.left-right #et-navigation>ul>li>a{padding-bottom:32px}}.page-id-17042 .et-pb-active-slide .et_pb_slide_description{animation-name:fadeInLeft}.page-id-17042 .et-pb-moved-slide.et_slide_transition .et_pb_slide_description{animation:fadeOutRight 1s}#tribe-events-content h3.tribe-events-list-event-title a{color:#006396!important}.citp-2018.home .module.post-module.events{border-color:#0c6195}.citp-2018.home .module.post-module.events h1{color:#0c6195}#ftt-blog .module{border-color:#0c6195}#ftt-blog .module h1{color:#0c6195}.et_pb_widget_area_left .et_pb_widget:first-child .widgettitle{background-color:#0c6195}.page-id-16843 .et_pb_widget_area_left .et_pb_widget:nth-child(3) .widgettitle{background-color:#0c6195}.page-id-16843 .et_pb_widget_area_left .et_pb_widget:nth-child(1) .widgettitle{margin-bottom:0}.page-id-16843 .et_pb_widget_area_left .et_pb_widget:nth-child(1) .textwidget{padding:0}.citp-2018 .module.post-module.events .module-head-sidebar{background-color:#0c6195}.et_pb_section{padding:0}@media (min-width:981px){.et_pb_section{padding:4% 0}#post-17042 .et_pb_section{padding:0}}.et_pb_slide{padding:0 8%}.et_pb_post_slider .et_pb_slide.et-pb-active-slide .et_pb_slide_description,.et_pb_post_slider .et_pb_slide.et-pb-active-slide .et_pb_slide_image{opacity:1}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_row{max-width:1280px!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_row{width:80%;margin:auto;position:relative}@media (min-width:981px){.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_row{padding:2% 0}}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_column{float:left;position:relative;z-index:2;min-height:1px}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_gutters3.et_pb_row .et_pb_column,.et_pb_gutters3.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_column{margin-right:2.75%}#tribe-events-content .tribe-events-list-separator-month{color:#fff!important;text-transform:uppercase!important}article.category-news .post-header h2{color:#000!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l h2.tribe-events-single-event-title{color:#006396!important;text-transform:none!important}.ftt-item p{font-family:Arvo,Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;padding-left:0!important;padding-right:0!important}p:empty{display:none!important}.et-extra-social-icon i.fas.fa-envelope.fa-md{padding:7px;color:white}a.et-extra-icon.et-extra-icon-background-hover.et-extra-icon-subscribe:hover{background:#ff9800!important}@media (max-width:1181px) and (min-width:1025px){.citp-2018 .header #et-navigation .nav .menu-item:first-child{display:inline-block!important}}.et_pb_slide_content{display:none}#footer .footer-img-left{margin:0 auto}#footer .footer-img-middle{max-width:52%!important;margin:0 auto}#footer .footer-img-right{margin:0 auto}</style> <style type="text/css"> .header { background-image: url(https://citpsite.s3.amazonaws.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/18192816/HERO-mobile-research5.jpg); } @media only screen and (min-width: 980px) { .header { background-image: url(https://citpsite.s3.amazonaws.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/18192614/HERO-research-6.jpg); } } </style> <meta name="google-site-verification" content="rq_9SZGCmeLjim7PQfloe43xxbp5fJpBlld_iHnx0vI" /> <script src="https://kit.fontawesome.com/956d66818d.js" crossorigin="anonymous"></script> </head> <body class="page-template page-template-page-template-fullwidth page-template-page-template-fullwidth-php page page-id-16850 page-child parent-pageid-848 citp-2018 privacysecurity tribe-no-js et_extra et_pb_pagebuilder_layout et_non_fixed_nav et_pb_pagebuilder_fullwidth et_pb_gutters3 et_primary_nav_dropdown_animation_flipInX et_secondary_nav_dropdown_animation_Default et_includes_sidebar et-db"> <div id="page-container" class="page-container"> <!-- Header --> <header class="header left-right"> <!-- #top-header --> <div id="top-header" style=""> <div class="container"> <!-- Secondary Nav --> <div id="et-secondary-nav" class=""> <a href="https://www.princeton.edu/"> <img src="https://citp.princeton.edu/wp-content/themes/Extra-child/assets/img/logo-princeton.png" srcset="https://citp.princeton.edu/wp-content/themes/Extra-child/assets/img/logo-princeton.png" sizes="(max-width: 50em) 87vw, 680px" alt="CITP" width="305"> </a> </div> <!-- #et-info --> <div id="et-info"> <ul class="et-extra-social-icons" style=""> <li class="et-extra-social-icon facebook"> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/CITPPrinceton/" class="et-extra-icon et-extra-icon-background-hover et-extra-icon-facebook"></a> </li> <li class="et-extra-social-icon twitter"> <a href="https://twitter.com/PrincetonCITP" class="et-extra-icon et-extra-icon-background-hover et-extra-icon-twitter"></a> </li> <li class="et-extra-social-icon youtube"> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/user/citpprinceton" class="et-extra-icon et-extra-icon-background-hover et-extra-icon-youtube"></a> </li> <li class="et-extra-social-icon linkedin"> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/princeton-citp/" class="et-extra-icon et-extra-icon-background-hover et-extra-icon-linkedin"></a> </li> <li class="et-extra-social-icon subscribe"> <a href="/about/contact/" class="et-extra-icon et-extra-icon-background-hover et-extra-icon-subscribe"> <i class="fas fa-envelope fa-md"></i> </a> </li> </ul> <!-- --> <!-- .et-extra-social-icons --> <!-- <ul class="et-extra-social-icons" style="--><!--">--> <!-- --><!-- --><!-- --><!-- --><!-- --><!-- <li class="et-extra-social-icon --><!--">--> <!-- <a href="--><!--" class="et-extra-icon et-extra-icon-background-hover et-extra-icon---><!--"></a>--> <!-- </li>--> <!-- --><!-- --><!-- </ul>--> <!-- --> <!-- .et-top-search --> <div class="et-top-search" style=""> <form role="search" class="et-search-form" method="get" action="https://citp.princeton.edu/"> <input type="search" class="et-search-field" placeholder="Search" value="" name="s" title="Search for:" /> <button class="et-search-submit"></button> </form> </div> <!-- cart --> </div> </div><!-- /.container --> </div><!-- /#top-header --> <!-- Main Header --> <div id="main-header-wrapper"> <div id="main-header" data-fixed-height="80"> <div class="container"> <!-- ET Ad --> <!-- Logo --> <a class="logo" href="https://citp.princeton.edu/" data-fixed-height="51"> <img src="https://s3.amazonaws.com/citpsite/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/13163741/citp-button-white.png" alt="Center for Information Technology Policy" id="logo" /> </a> <!-- ET Navigation --> <div id="et-navigation" class=""> <ul id="et-menu" class="nav"><li id="menu-item-15764" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-15764"><a href="https://citp.princeton.edu/about/">About</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-16911" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-16911"><a href="https://citp.princeton.edu/about/mission/">Mission</a></li> <li id="menu-item-23684" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-23684"><a href="https://citp.princeton.edu/about/hiring/">Hiring</a></li> <li id="menu-item-21572" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-21572"><a href="https://citp.princeton.edu/about/working-citp/">Working at CITP</a></li> <li id="menu-item-15766" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-15766"><a href="https://citp.princeton.edu/about/contact/">Contact</a></li> <li id="menu-item-32382" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-32382"><a href="https://citp.princeton.edu/about/subscribe/">Subscribe</a></li> <li id="menu-item-22239" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-22239"><a href="https://citp.princeton.edu/about/graphic-identity/">Graphic Identity</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-16921" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-16921"><a href="https://citp.princeton.edu/news/">News</a></li> <li id="menu-item-15778" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-15778"><a href="https://citp.princeton.edu/programs/">Programs</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-34896" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-34896"><a href="https://citp.princeton.edu/programs/pit-sf/">Siegel Public Interest Technology Summer Fellowship</a></li> <li id="menu-item-27868" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-27868"><a href="https://citp.princeton.edu/programs/clinic/">CITP Tech Policy Clinic</a></li> <li id="menu-item-34142" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-34142"><a href="https://citp.princeton.edu/programs/digital-witness-lab/">Digital Witness Lab</a></li> <li id="menu-item-26520" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-26520"><a href="https://citp.princeton.edu/programs/citp-emerging-scholars-in-information-policy/">Emerging Scholars Program</a></li> <li id="menu-item-25555" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-25555"><a href="https://citp.princeton.edu/programs/fellows/">Fellows Program</a></li> <li id="menu-item-26595" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-26595"><a href="https://citp.princeton.edu/programs/graduate-students/">Graduate Students</a></li> <li id="menu-item-33325" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-33325"><a href="https://citp.princeton.edu/programs/undergraduates/">Undergraduate Students</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-21455" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-21455"><a href="https://citp.princeton.edu/events">Events</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-17426" class="mobile-only menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-17426"><a href="https://citp.princeton.edu/events-page/">All Events</a></li> <li id="menu-item-17204" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-17204"><a href="/events/category/lunch-seminars/">Lunch Seminars</a></li> <li id="menu-item-27662" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-27662"><a href="/events/category/reading-groups">Reading Groups</a></li> <li id="menu-item-17205" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-17205"><a href="/events/category/lectures">Lectures</a></li> <li id="menu-item-17203" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-17203"><a href="/events/category/conference/">Conferences</a></li> <li id="menu-item-37400" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-37400"><a href="/events/category/workshops">Workshops</a></li> <li id="menu-item-17206" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-17206"><a href="/events/category/special-events/">Special Events</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-15813" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page current-page-ancestor current-menu-ancestor current-menu-parent current-page-parent current_page_parent current_page_ancestor menu-item-has-children menu-item-15813"><a href="https://citp.princeton.edu/our-work/">Research</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-17428" class="mobile-only menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page current-page-ancestor current-page-parent menu-item-17428"><a href="https://citp.princeton.edu/our-work/">Overview</a></li> <li id="menu-item-16845" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-16845"><a href="https://citp.princeton.edu/our-work/ai/">Artificial Intelligence</a></li> <li id="menu-item-16869" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-16869"><a href="https://citp.princeton.edu/our-work/internet-of-things/">Internet of Things</a></li> <li id="menu-item-16868" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-16868"><a href="https://citp.princeton.edu/our-work/broadband/">Broadband</a></li> <li id="menu-item-16867" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page current-menu-item page_item page-item-16850 current_page_item menu-item-16867"><a href="https://citp.princeton.edu/our-work/privacysecurity/" aria-current="page">Privacy &#038; Security</a></li> <li id="menu-item-16866" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-16866"><a href="https://citp.princeton.edu/our-work/censorshipfiltering/">Censorship &#038; Filtering</a></li> <li id="menu-item-16865" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-16865"><a href="https://citp.princeton.edu/our-work/cryptocurrencies/">Cryptocurrencies</a></li> <li id="menu-item-16863" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-16863"><a href="https://citp.princeton.edu/our-work/national-security-surveillance/">National Security &#038; Surveillance</a></li> <li id="menu-item-16862" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-16862"><a href="https://citp.princeton.edu/our-work/othertopics/">Other Topics</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-33741" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-33741"><a href="https://citp.princeton.edu/people/">People</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-33757" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-33757"><a href="/people/filters/#leadership-staff">Leadership &#038; Staff</a></li> <li id="menu-item-33758" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-33758"><a href="/people/filters/#executive-committee-faculty">Executive Committee</a></li> <li id="menu-item-33759" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-33759"><a href="/people/filters/#advisory-council">Advisory Council</a></li> <li id="menu-item-33760" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-33760"><a href="/people/filters/#associated-faculty">Associated Faculty</a></li> <li id="menu-item-33761" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-33761"><a href="/people/filters/#fellows">Fellows</a></li> <li id="menu-item-33762" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-33762"><a href="/people/filters/#researchers">Researchers</a></li> <li id="menu-item-33763" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-33763"><a href="/people/filters/#emeritus">Emeritus</a></li> <li id="menu-item-40130" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-40130"><a href="https://citp.princeton.edu/people/filters/#affiliates">Affiliates</a></li> <li id="menu-item-33765" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-33765"><a href="/people/filters/#graduate-students">Graduate Students</a></li> <li id="menu-item-33764" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-33764"><a href="/people/filters/#undergraduate-students">Undergraduate Students</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-16896" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-16896"><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://freedom-to-tinker.com">Blog</a></li> </ul> <div id="et-mobile-navigation"> <span class="show-menu"> <div class="show-menu-button"> <span></span> <span></span> <span></span> </div> <p>Select Page</p> </span> <nav> </nav> </div> <!-- /#et-mobile-navigation --> </div><!-- /#et-navigation --> </div><!-- /.container --> </div><!-- /#main-header --> </div><!-- /#main-header-wrapper --> <div class="container"> <div class="page-title"> Our Work </div> </div> </header> <div class="et-l et-l--post"> <div class="et_builder_inner_content et_pb_gutters3"><div class="et_pb_section et_pb_section_0 et_section_regular" > <div class="et_pb_row et_pb_row_0"> <div class="et_pb_column et_pb_column_2_3 et_pb_column_0 et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough"> <div class="et_pb_module et_pb_text et_pb_text_0 et_pb_text_align_left et_pb_bg_layout_light"> <div class="et_pb_text_inner"><h2>Privacy &amp; Security</h2></div> </div><div class="et_pb_module et_pb_image et_pb_image_0"> <span class="et_pb_image_wrap "><img fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" width="1400" height="387" src="https://citpsite.s3.amazonaws.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/22171429/privacy1.png" alt="" title="" srcset="https://citpsite.s3.amazonaws.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/22171429/privacy1.png 1400w, https://citpsite.s3.amazonaws.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/22171429/privacy1-300x83.png 300w, https://citpsite.s3.amazonaws.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/22171429/privacy1-768x212.png 768w, https://citpsite.s3.amazonaws.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/22171429/privacy1-1024x283.png 1024w, https://citpsite.s3.amazonaws.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/22171429/privacy1-600x166.png 600w, https://citpsite.s3.amazonaws.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/22171429/privacy1-1080x299.png 1080w" sizes="(max-width: 1400px) 100vw, 1400px" class="wp-image-20873" /></span> </div><div class="et_pb_module et_pb_text et_pb_text_1 et_pb_text_align_left et_pb_bg_layout_light"> <div class="et_pb_text_inner">CITP researchers have worked on large number of privacy related topics including browser privacy and research on AI and online tracking. The latter focusses both on identifying trackers as well as behaviors that violate privacy, enabling the development of more sophisticated privacy-protection tools.</div> </div><div class="et_pb_module et_pb_sidebar_0 et_pb_widget_area clearfix et_pb_widget_area_left et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_sidebar_no_border"> <div id="category-posts-9" class="et_pb_widget cat-post-widget"><h4 class="widgettitle">Related News</h4><ul id="category-posts-9-internal" class="category-posts-internal"> <li class='cat-post-item'><div><span class="cat-post-date post-date">September 9, 2024</span> <a class="cat-post-title" href="https://citp.princeton.edu/mona-wang-received-the-2024-free-and-open-communications-on-the-internet-foci-rising-star-award/" rel="bookmark">Mona Wang Received the 2024 Free and Open Communications on the Internet (FOCI) Rising Star Award</a> <span class="cat-post-tax-category entry-categories post-categories"> <a href='https://citp.princeton.edu/category/news/'>News</a> <a href='https://citp.princeton.edu/category/privacy/'>Privacy</a></span></div></li><li class='cat-post-item'><div><span class="cat-post-date post-date">September 9, 2024</span> <a class="cat-post-title" href="https://citp.princeton.edu/prateek-mittal-received-the-2023-association-for-computing-machinery-acm-grace-murray-hopper-award/" rel="bookmark">Prateek Mittal Received the 2023 Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) Grace Murray Hopper Award</a> <span class="cat-post-tax-category entry-categories post-categories"> <a href='https://citp.princeton.edu/category/news/'>News</a> <a href='https://citp.princeton.edu/category/privacy/'>Privacy</a> <a href='https://citp.princeton.edu/category/security/'>Security</a></span></div></li><li class='cat-post-item'><div><span class="cat-post-date post-date">July 22, 2024</span> <a class="cat-post-title" href="https://citp.princeton.edu/graduate-student-mona-wang-receives-2024-foci-rising-star-award/" rel="bookmark">Graduate Student Mona Wang Receives 2024 FOCI Rising Star Award</a> <span class="cat-post-tax-category entry-categories post-categories"> <a href='https://citp.princeton.edu/category/news/'>News</a> <a href='https://citp.princeton.edu/category/privacy/'>Privacy</a></span></div></li><li class='cat-post-item'><div><span class="cat-post-date post-date">January 26, 2024</span> <a class="cat-post-title" href="https://citp.princeton.edu/congratulations-to-anunay-kulshresha-and-jonathan-mayer-for-winning-the-future-of-privacy-forums-student-paper-award/" rel="bookmark">Congratulations to Kulshresha and Mayer for winning the Future of Privacy Forum&#8217;s Student Paper Award</a> <span class="cat-post-tax-category entry-categories post-categories"> <a href='https://citp.princeton.edu/category/news/'>News</a> <a href='https://citp.princeton.edu/category/privacy/'>Privacy</a></span></div></li></ul> </div> </div> </div><div class="et_pb_column et_pb_column_1_3 et_pb_column_1 et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough et-last-child"> <div class="et_pb_module et_pb_image et_pb_image_1"> <a href="http://citp.princeton.edu/publications/privacy-security/"><span class="et_pb_image_wrap "><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="460" src="https://citpsite.s3.amazonaws.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/11131609/CALLOUT-pub-privacy.jpg" alt="" title="" srcset="https://citpsite.s3.amazonaws.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/11131609/CALLOUT-pub-privacy.jpg 700w, https://citpsite.s3.amazonaws.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/11131609/CALLOUT-pub-privacy-300x197.jpg 300w, https://citpsite.s3.amazonaws.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/11131609/CALLOUT-pub-privacy-600x394.jpg 600w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" class="wp-image-22306" /></span></a> </div><div id="ftt-blog" class="et_pb_module et_pb_code et_pb_code_0"> <div class="et_pb_code_inner"><div class="module post-module et_pb_extra_module events"> <div class="module-head-sidebar"> <h3>Freedom to Tinker Blog</h3> </div> <ul><!--via SimplePie with RSSImport--><li><div class='ftt-item'><div class='ftt-title'><a href="https://freedom-to-tinker.com/2024/11/25/strengthening-ai-accountability-through-better-third-party-evaluations-part-2/" title="Strengthening AI Accountability Through Better Third Party Evaluations (Part 2)">Strengthening AI Accountability Through Better Third Party Evaluations (Part 2)</a></div><strong> <cite>Ruth Appel</cite></strong></div></li><li><div class='ftt-item'><div class='ftt-title'><a href="https://freedom-to-tinker.com/2024/11/25/strengthening-ai-accountability-through-better-third-party-evaluations-part-1/" title="Strengthening AI Accountability Through Better Third Party Evaluations (Part 1)">Strengthening AI Accountability Through Better Third Party Evaluations (Part 1)</a></div><strong> <cite>Ruth Appel</cite></strong></div></li><li><div class='ftt-item'><div class='ftt-title'><a href="https://freedom-to-tinker.com/2024/11/19/cac-vote-another-insecure-internet-voting-system/" title="CAC-Vote: Another Insecure Internet Voting System">CAC-Vote: Another Insecure Internet Voting System</a></div><strong> <cite>Andrew Appel</cite></strong></div></li><li><div class='ftt-item'><div class='ftt-title'><a href="https://freedom-to-tinker.com/2024/10/09/how-to-conduct-ai-oversight-industry-insiders-make-recommendations-to-senators/" title="How to Conduct AI Oversight: Industry Insiders Make Recommendations to Senators">How to Conduct AI Oversight: Industry Insiders Make Recommendations to Senators</a></div><strong> <cite>Sophie Luskin</cite></strong></div></li></ul> </div></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <footer id="footer" class="footer_columns_3"> <div class="container"> <div class="et_pb_extra_row container-width-change-notify"> <div class="et_pb_extra_column odd column-1"> <div id="media_image-3" class="et_pb_widget widget_media_image"><h4 class="widgettitle"> </h4><a href="https://www.princeton.edu"><img width="300" height="25" src="https://citpsite.s3.amazonaws.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/13172010/logo-princeton-300x25.png" class="image wp-image-16888 footer-img-left attachment-medium size-medium" alt="" style="max-width: 100%; height: auto;" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://citpsite.s3.amazonaws.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/13172010/logo-princeton-300x25.png 300w, https://citpsite.s3.amazonaws.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/13172010/logo-princeton-600x50.png 600w, https://citpsite.s3.amazonaws.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/13172010/logo-princeton.png 610w" sizes="(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px" /></a></div> <!-- end .et_pb_widget --> </div> <div class="et_pb_extra_column even column-2"> <div id="media_image-4" class="et_pb_widget widget_media_image"><h4 class="widgettitle"> </h4><img width="1195" height="259" src="https://citpsite.s3.amazonaws.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/04185544/Princeton-SPIA_Primary_2-Color_Rev-White_CMYK.png" class="image wp-image-41984 footer-img-middle attachment-full size-full" alt="" style="max-width: 100%; height: auto;" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://citpsite.s3.amazonaws.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/04185544/Princeton-SPIA_Primary_2-Color_Rev-White_CMYK.png 1195w, https://citpsite.s3.amazonaws.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/04185544/Princeton-SPIA_Primary_2-Color_Rev-White_CMYK-300x65.png 300w, https://citpsite.s3.amazonaws.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/04185544/Princeton-SPIA_Primary_2-Color_Rev-White_CMYK-1024x222.png 1024w, https://citpsite.s3.amazonaws.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/04185544/Princeton-SPIA_Primary_2-Color_Rev-White_CMYK-768x166.png 768w, https://citpsite.s3.amazonaws.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/04185544/Princeton-SPIA_Primary_2-Color_Rev-White_CMYK-1080x234.png 1080w" sizes="(max-width: 1195px) 100vw, 1195px" /></div> <!-- end .et_pb_widget --> </div> <div class="et_pb_extra_column even column-4"> <div id="media_image-5" class="et_pb_widget widget_media_image"><h4 class="widgettitle"> </h4><a href="https://engineering.princeton.edu"><img width="300" height="93" src="https://citpsite.s3.amazonaws.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/04185802/SEAS-wShield-wParent-Linear-300x93.png" class="image wp-image-41985 footer-img-right attachment-medium size-medium" alt="" style="max-width: 100%; height: auto;" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://citpsite.s3.amazonaws.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/04185802/SEAS-wShield-wParent-Linear-300x93.png 300w, https://citpsite.s3.amazonaws.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/04185802/SEAS-wShield-wParent-Linear.png 765w" sizes="(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px" /></a></div> <!-- end .et_pb_widget --> </div> </div> </div> <div id="footer-bottom"> <div class="container"> <!-- Footer Info --> <p class="footer-info"> <strong>Center for Information Technology Policy (CITP)</strong><br> 303 Sherrerd Hall &ndash; Princeton University<br> <a href="javascript:;" data-enc-email="pvgc[at]cevaprgba.rqh" class="mail-link" data-wpel-link="ignore"><span id="eeb-304332-704078"></span><script type="text/javascript">(function(){var ml="r0%ti.n4ecopdu",mi="943;271;046983:658<=",o="";for(var j=0,l=mi.length;j<l;j++){o+=ml.charAt(mi.charCodeAt(j)-48);}document.getElementById("eeb-304332-704078").innerHTML = decodeURIComponent(o);}());</script><noscript>*protected email*</noscript></a> </p> <p id="footer-info" class="footer-info">&copy;2024 The Trustees of Princeton University. Center for Information Technology Policy.</p> <!-- Footer Navigation --> </div> </div> </footer> </div> <!-- #page-container --> <script> ( function ( body ) { 'use strict'; body.className = body.className.replace( /\btribe-no-js\b/, 'tribe-js' ); } )( document.body ); </script> <script> /* <![CDATA[ */var tribe_l10n_datatables = {"aria":{"sort_ascending":": activate to sort column ascending","sort_descending":": activate to sort column descending"},"length_menu":"Show _MENU_ entries","empty_table":"No data available in table","info":"Showing _START_ to _END_ of _TOTAL_ entries","info_empty":"Showing 0 to 0 of 0 entries","info_filtered":"(filtered from _MAX_ total entries)","zero_records":"No matching records found","search":"Search:","all_selected_text":"All items on this page were selected. ","select_all_link":"Select all pages","clear_selection":"Clear Selection.","pagination":{"all":"All","next":"Next","previous":"Previous"},"select":{"rows":{"0":"","_":": Selected %d rows","1":": Selected 1 row"}},"datepicker":{"dayNames":["Sunday","Monday","Tuesday","Wednesday","Thursday","Friday","Saturday"],"dayNamesShort":["Sun","Mon","Tue","Wed","Thu","Fri","Sat"],"dayNamesMin":["S","M","T","W","T","F","S"],"monthNames":["January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"monthNamesShort":["January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"monthNamesMin":["Jan","Feb","Mar","Apr","May","Jun","Jul","Aug","Sep","Oct","Nov","Dec"],"nextText":"Next","prevText":"Prev","currentText":"Today","closeText":"Done","today":"Today","clear":"Clear"}};/* ]]> */ </script><link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-block-library-css' href='https://citp.princeton.edu/wp-includes/css/dist/block-library/style.min.css?ver=6.4.3' type='text/css' media='none' onload="media='all'" /> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://citp.princeton.edu/wp-content/themes/Extra-child/assets/js/main.min.js?ver=1.0" id="main-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://citp.princeton.edu/wp-includes/js/masonry.min.js?ver=4.2.2" id="masonry-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="extra-scripts-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var EXTRA = {"images_uri":"https:\/\/citp.princeton.edu\/wp-content\/themes\/Extra\/images\/","ajaxurl":"https:\/\/citp.princeton.edu\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","your_rating":"Your Rating:","item_in_cart_count":"%d Item in Cart","items_in_cart_count":"%d Items in Cart","item_count":"%d Item","items_count":"%d Items","rating_nonce":"bb97a50466","timeline_nonce":"0bc5fccb16","blog_feed_nonce":"14597297ed","error":"There was a problem, please try again.","contact_error_name_required":"Name field cannot be empty.","contact_error_email_required":"Email field cannot be empty.","contact_error_email_invalid":"Please enter a valid email address.","is_ab_testing_active":"","is_cache_plugin_active":"yes"}; var et_builder_utils_params = {"condition":{"diviTheme":false,"extraTheme":true},"scrollLocations":["app","top"],"builderScrollLocations":{"desktop":"app","tablet":"app","phone":"app"},"onloadScrollLocation":"app","builderType":"fe"}; var et_frontend_scripts = {"builderCssContainerPrefix":"#et-boc","builderCssLayoutPrefix":"#et-boc .et-l"}; var et_pb_custom = {"ajaxurl":"https:\/\/citp.princeton.edu\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","images_uri":"https:\/\/citp.princeton.edu\/wp-content\/themes\/Extra\/images","builder_images_uri":"https:\/\/citp.princeton.edu\/wp-content\/themes\/Extra\/includes\/builder\/images","et_frontend_nonce":"1a8d97ad53","subscription_failed":"Please, check the fields below to make sure you entered the correct information.","et_ab_log_nonce":"61b35d1cd0","fill_message":"Please, fill in the following fields:","contact_error_message":"Please, fix the following errors:","invalid":"Invalid email","captcha":"Captcha","prev":"Prev","previous":"Previous","next":"Next","wrong_captcha":"You entered the wrong number in captcha.","wrong_checkbox":"Checkbox","ignore_waypoints":"no","is_divi_theme_used":"","widget_search_selector":".widget_search","ab_tests":[],"is_ab_testing_active":"","page_id":"16850","unique_test_id":"","ab_bounce_rate":"5","is_cache_plugin_active":"yes","is_shortcode_tracking":"","tinymce_uri":"https:\/\/citp.princeton.edu\/wp-content\/themes\/Extra\/includes\/builder\/frontend-builder\/assets\/vendors","accent_color":"#006396","waypoints_options":[]}; var et_pb_box_shadow_elements = []; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://citp.princeton.edu/wp-content/themes/Extra/scripts/scripts.min.js?ver=4.24.0" id="extra-scripts-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://citp.princeton.edu/wp-content/themes/Extra/core/admin/js/common.js?ver=4.24.0" id="et-core-common-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://citp.princeton.edu/wp-content/themes/Extra/includes/builder/feature/dynamic-assets/assets/js/jquery.fitvids.js?ver=4.24.0" id="fitvids-js"></script> <style id="et-builder-module-design-deferred-16850-cached-inline-styles">.et_pb_section_0{padding-top:50px;padding-bottom:50px}.et_pb_row_0.et_pb_row{padding-top:25px!important;padding-bottom:25px!important;padding-top:25px;padding-bottom:25px}.et_pb_image_0{text-align:left;margin-left:0}.et_pb_image_1{margin-top:68px!important;margin-right:30px!important;text-align:left;margin-left:0}.et_pb_code_0{margin-right:30px!important}@media only screen and (max-width:980px){.et_pb_section_0{padding-top:25px;padding-bottom:25px}.et_pb_image_0{text-align:center;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.et_pb_image_0 .et_pb_image_wrap img,.et_pb_image_1 .et_pb_image_wrap img{width:auto}.et_pb_image_1{margin-top:-40px!important;margin-right:0px!important;text-align:center;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.et_pb_code_0{margin-right:0px!important}}@media only screen and (max-width:767px){.et_pb_section_0{padding-top:20px;padding-bottom:20px}.et_pb_row_0.et_pb_row{padding-top:5px!important;padding-bottom:0px!important;padding-top:5px!important;padding-bottom:0px!important}.et_pb_image_0 .et_pb_image_wrap img,.et_pb_image_1 .et_pb_image_wrap img{width:auto}}</style><script type="text/javascript">window.NREUM||(NREUM={});NREUM.info={"beacon":"bam.nr-data.net","licenseKey":"2f363f2904","applicationID":"24361194","transactionName":"bgdTbUADX0IFUBALW1dNcFpGC15fS0MFBVEUFlRUQg5QRQEeAhdYVRVYXUYK","queueTime":0,"applicationTime":1184,"atts":"QkBQGwgZTEw=","errorBeacon":"bam.nr-data.net","agent":""}</script></body> </html>

Pages: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10