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Senate">Senate</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States" title="Vice President of the United States">President</a> <a href="/wiki/JD_Vance" title="JD Vance">JD Vance</a> (R)</li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/President_pro_tempore_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="President pro tempore of the United States Senate">President Pro Tempore</a> <a href="/wiki/Chuck_Grassley" title="Chuck Grassley">Chuck Grassley</a> (R)</li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Party_leaders_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="Party leaders of the United States Senate">Majority Leader</a> <a href="/wiki/John_Thune" title="John Thune">John Thune</a> (R)</li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Party_leaders_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="Party leaders of the United States Senate">Minority Leader</a> <a href="/wiki/Chuck_Schumer" title="Chuck Schumer">Chuck Schumer</a> (D)</li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible 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<li><a href="/wiki/Executive_Office_of_the_President_of_the_United_States" title="Executive Office of the President of the United States">Executive Office</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Federal_judiciary_of_the_United_States" title="Federal judiciary of the United States">Judiciary</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Supreme Court of the United States">Supreme Court of the United States</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chief_Justice_of_the_United_States" title="Chief Justice of the United States">Chief Justice</a> <a href="/wiki/John_Roberts" title="John Roberts">John Roberts</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clarence_Thomas" title="Clarence Thomas">Thomas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Alito" title="Samuel Alito">Alito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonia_Sotomayor" title="Sonia Sotomayor">Sotomayor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elena_Kagan" title="Elena Kagan">Kagan</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neil_Gorsuch" title="Neil Gorsuch">Gorsuch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brett_Kavanaugh" title="Brett Kavanaugh">Kavanaugh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amy_Coney_Barrett" title="Amy Coney Barrett">Barrett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ketanji_Brown_Jackson" title="Ketanji Brown Jackson">Jackson</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Article_Three_of_the_United_States_Constitution" title="Article Three of the United States Constitution">Inferior Courts of the United States</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_courts_of_appeals" title="United States courts of appeals">Courts of appeals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_district_court" title="United States district court">District courts</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_district_and_territorial_courts" title="List of United States district and territorial courts">list</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_International_Trade" title="United States Court of International Trade"> Court of International Trade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Alien_Terrorist_Removal_Court" title="United States Alien Terrorist Removal Court">Alien Terrorist Removal Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Judicial_Panel_on_Multidistrict_Litigation" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Judicial Panel on Multidistrict Litigation">Judicial Panel on Multidistrict Litigation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Foreign_Intelligence_Surveillance_Court" title="United States Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court">Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Foreign_Intelligence_Surveillance_Court_of_Review" title="United States Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court of Review">Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court of Review</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Federal_tribunals_in_the_United_States" title="Federal tribunals in the United States">Other tribunals</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_the_United_States" title="Elections in the United States">Elections</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li> National elections</li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election" title="United States presidential election">Presidential elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_midterm_election" title="United States midterm election">Midterm elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Off-year_election" title="Off-year election">Off-year elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Partisan_primary" class="mw-redirect" title="Partisan primary">Primary elections</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_primary" title="United States presidential primary">Presidential primary</a></li></ul></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li> Elections by state and territory</li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Alabama" title="Elections in Alabama">Alabama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Alaska" title="Elections in Alaska">Alaska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Arizona" title="Elections in Arizona">Arizona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Arkansas" title="Elections in Arkansas">Arkansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_California" title="Elections in California">California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Colorado" title="Elections in Colorado"> Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Connecticut" title="Elections in Connecticut">Connecticut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Delaware" title="Elections in Delaware">Delaware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Florida" title="Elections in Florida">Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="Elections in Georgia (U.S. state)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Hawaii" title="Elections in Hawaii">Hawaii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Idaho" title="Elections in Idaho">Idaho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Illinois" title="Elections in Illinois">Illinois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Indiana" title="Elections in Indiana">Indiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Iowa" title="Elections in Iowa">Iowa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Kansas" title="Elections in Kansas">Kansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Kentucky" title="Elections in Kentucky">Kentucky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Louisiana" title="Elections in Louisiana">Louisiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Maine" title="Elections in Maine">Maine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Maryland" title="Elections in Maryland">Maryland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_elections_in_Massachusetts" title="List of elections in Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Michigan" title="Elections in Michigan">Michigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Minnesota" title="Elections in Minnesota">Minnesota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Mississippi" title="Elections in Mississippi">Mississippi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Missouri" title="Elections in Missouri">Missouri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Montana" title="Elections in Montana">Montana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Nebraska" title="Elections in Nebraska">Nebraska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Nevada" title="Elections in Nevada">Nevada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_New_Hampshire" title="Elections in New Hampshire">New Hampshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_New_Jersey" title="Elections in New Jersey">New Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_New_Mexico" title="Elections in New Mexico">New Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_New_York_(state)" title="Elections in New York (state)">New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_North_Carolina" title="Elections in North Carolina">North Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_North_Dakota" title="Elections in North Dakota">North Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Ohio" title="Elections in Ohio">Ohio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Oklahoma" title="Elections in Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Oregon" title="Elections in Oregon">Oregon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Pennsylvania" title="Elections in Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Rhode_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Elections in Rhode Island">Rhode Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_South_Carolina" title="Elections in South Carolina">South Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_South_Dakota" title="Elections in South Dakota">South Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Tennessee" title="Elections in Tennessee"> Tennessee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Texas" title="Elections in Texas">Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Utah" title="Elections in Utah">Utah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Vermont" title="Elections in Vermont">Vermont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Virginia" title="Elections in Virginia">Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Washington_(state)" title="Elections in Washington (state)">Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_West_Virginia" class="mw-redirect" title="Elections in West Virginia">West Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Wisconsin" title="Elections in Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Wyoming" title="Elections in Wyoming">Wyoming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_American_Samoa" title="Elections in American Samoa">American Samoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Guam" title="Elections in Guam">Guam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_the_Northern_Mariana_Islands" title="Elections in the Northern Mariana Islands">Northern Mariana Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Puerto_Rico" title="Elections in Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_the_United_States_Virgin_Islands" title="Elections in the United States Virgin Islands">U.S. Virgin Islands</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_the_District_of_Columbia" title="Elections in the District of Columbia">Elections in the District of Columbia</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li>(<a href="/wiki/List_of_elections_in_the_United_States" title="List of elections in the United States">List of elections</a>)</li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Political_parties_in_the_United_States" title="Political parties in the United States">Political parties</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Third_party_(U.S._politics)" title="Third party (U.S. politics)">Third parties</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Party_(United_States)" title="Libertarian Party (United States)">Libertarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Party_of_the_United_States" title="Green Party of the United States">Green</a></li></ul></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_the_United_States" title="List of political parties in the United States">List of political parties</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Political_ideologies_in_the_United_States" title="Political ideologies in the United States">Political ideologies</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Conservatism_in_the_United_States" title="Conservatism in the United States">Conservatism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_conservatism" title="Black conservatism">Black</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiscal_conservatism" title="Fiscal conservatism">Fiscal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_conservatism" title="Liberal conservatism">Liberal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neoconservatism" title="Neoconservatism">Neo-</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paleoconservatism" title="Paleoconservatism">Paleo-</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_conservatism_in_the_United_States" title="Social conservatism in the United States">Social</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditionalist_conservatism_in_the_United_States" title="Traditionalist conservatism in the United States">Traditionalist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trumpism" title="Trumpism">Trumpism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_in_the_United_States" title="Liberalism in the United States">Liberalism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Classical_liberalism#United_States" title="Classical liberalism">Classical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservative_liberalism#United_States" title="Conservative liberalism">Conservative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modern_liberalism_in_the_United_States" title="Modern liberalism in the United States">Modern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neoliberalism" title="Neoliberalism">Neo-</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Third_Way" title="Third Way">Third Way</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressivism_in_the_United_States" title="Progressivism in the United States">Progressivism</a></li></ul></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abolitionism_in_the_United_States" title="Abolitionism in the United States">Abolitionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitutionalism_in_the_United_States" title="Constitutionalism in the United States">Constitutionalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmentalism_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Environmentalism in the United States">Environmentalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feminism_in_the_United_States" title="Feminism in the United States">Feminism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libertarianism_in_the_United_States" title="Libertarianism in the United States">Libertarianism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_the_United_States" title="Anarchism in the United States">Anarchism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anarcho-capitalism" title="Anarcho-capitalism">Capitalist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Individualist_anarchism_in_the_United_States" title="Individualist anarchism in the United States">Individualist</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_conservatism" title="Libertarian conservatism">Conservative</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paleolibertarianism" title="Paleolibertarianism">Paleo-</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Night-watchman_state" title="Night-watchman state">Minarchist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Objectivism" title="Objectivism">Objectivism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchism_in_the_United_States" title="Monarchism in the United States">Monarchism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_nationalism" title="American nationalism">Nationalism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nativism_in_United_States_politics" title="Nativism in United States politics">Nativism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Populism_in_the_United_States" title="Populism in the United States">Populism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protectionism_in_the_United_States" title="Protectionism in the United States">Protectionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republicanism_in_the_United_States" title="Republicanism in the United States">Republicanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialism_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Socialism in the United States">Socialism</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Political_culture_of_the_United_States" title="Political culture of the United States">Political culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_polarization_in_the_United_States" title="Political polarization in the United States">Political polarization</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Federalism_in_the_United_States" title="Federalism in the United States">Federalism</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/State_governments_of_the_United_States" title="State governments of the United States">State</a> and <a href="/wiki/Territories_of_the_United_States" title="Territories of the United States">territorial</a> government</li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_United_States_governors" title="List of current United States governors">Governors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_legislature_(United_States)" title="State legislature (United States)">Legislatures</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_state_legislatures" title="List of United States state legislatures">list</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_court_(United_States)" title="State court (United States)">Courts</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Local_government_in_the_United_States" title="Local government in the United States">Local government</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_District_of_Columbia" title="Government of the District of Columbia">District of Columbia government</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_the_District_of_Columbia" title="Council of the District of Columbia">District Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_the_District_of_Columbia" title="Mayor of the District of Columbia">Mayor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superior_Court_of_the_District_of_Columbia" title="Superior Court of the District of Columbia">Superior Court</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_the_United_States" title="Foreign relations of the United States">Foreign relations</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_State" title="United States Department of State">Department of State</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_State" title="United States Secretary of State">Secretary of State</a>: <a href="/wiki/Marco_Rubio" title="Marco Rubio">Marco Rubio</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a 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7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Politics_of_the_United_States" title="Template:Politics of the United States"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Politics_of_the_United_States" title="Template talk:Politics of the United States"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Politics_of_the_United_States" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Politics of the United States"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> This list includes individuals self-identified as <a href="/wiki/African_Americans" title="African Americans">African Americans</a> who have made prominent contributions to the field of law in the United States, especially as eminent judges or legal scholars. Individuals who may have obtained law degrees or practiced law, but whose reasons for notability are not closely related to that profession, are generally not listed here. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This is a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Lists#Dynamic_lists" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Lists">dynamic list</a> and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/List_of_African_American_jurists" title="Special:EditPage/List of African American jurists">adding missing items</a> with <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources">reliable sources</a>.</div> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Attorneys_and_legal_scholars">Attorneys and legal scholars</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_African_American_jurists&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Attorneys and legal scholars">edit</a>]</div> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="border-style:solid;border-width:1px;border-color:#808080;background-color:#EFEFEF" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="2" width="100%"> <tbody><tr bgcolor="#EFEFEF"> <th>Name </th> <th>Historical significance </th></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Violette_Neatley_Anderson" title="Violette Neatley Anderson">Violette Neatley Anderson</a> (1882–1937)<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a> </td> <td>First African-American woman to practice law before the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Supreme_Court" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Supreme Court">United States Supreme Court</a> on January 29, 1926 </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Dennis_Archer" title="Dennis Archer">Dennis Archer</a> (b. 1942)<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a> </td> <td>First African American president of the <a href="/wiki/American_Bar_Association" title="American Bar Association">American Bar Association</a>; former mayor of <a href="/wiki/Detroit" title="Detroit">Detroit</a> </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Derrick_Bell" title="Derrick Bell">Derrick Bell</a> (1930–2011)<a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a> </td> <td>Proponent of <a href="/wiki/Critical_race_theory" title="Critical race theory">critical race theory</a>; law professor at <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University" title="Harvard University">Harvard University</a> </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Stephen_L._Carter" title="Stephen L. Carter">Stephen L. Carter</a> (b. 1954)<a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a> </td> <td>William Nelson Cromwell Professor of Law at <a href="/wiki/Yale_Law_School" title="Yale Law School">Yale Law School</a> </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Johnnie_Cochran" title="Johnnie Cochran">Johnnie Cochran</a> (1937–2005)<a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a> </td> <td>Prominent defense attorney </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Darden" title="Christopher Darden">Christopher Darden</a> (b. 1956)<a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a> </td> <td>Associate District Attorney of <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a> who gained fame as a prosecutor in the <a href="/wiki/O._J._Simpson" title="O. J. Simpson">O. J. Simpson</a> trial </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Marian_Wright_Edelman" title="Marian Wright Edelman">Marian Wright Edelman</a> (b. 1939)<a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a> </td> <td>Founder of the <a href="/wiki/Children%27s_Defense_Fund" title="Children's Defense Fund">Children's Defense Fund</a> </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Lani_Guinier" title="Lani Guinier">Lani Guinier</a> (1950–2022)<a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a> </td> <td>Voting rights scholar; first African American woman tenured by <a href="/wiki/Harvard_Law_School" title="Harvard Law School">Harvard Law School</a> </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/William_Henry_Harrison_Hart" title="William Henry Harrison Hart">William Henry Harrison Hart</a> (1857–1934)<a href="#cite_note-Gates_2008_p._104-9">[9]</a> </td> <td>Attorney who fought against Jim Crow laws </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Jordan" title="Barbara Jordan">Barbara Jordan</a> (1936–1996)<a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a> </td> <td>First African American Congresswoman from a southern state; while on <a href="/wiki/House_Judiciary_Committee" class="mw-redirect" title="House Judiciary Committee">House Judiciary Committee</a> was influential in impeachment of <a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Richard Nixon</a> </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Wade_H._McCree" title="Wade H. McCree">Wade H. McCree</a> (1920–1987)<a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a> </td> <td>Second African American (following <a href="/wiki/Thurgood_Marshall" title="Thurgood Marshall">Thurgood Marshall</a>) to serve as <a href="/wiki/United_States_Solicitor_General" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Solicitor General">Solicitor General</a> of the United States </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a> (b. 1961)<a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/University_of_Chicago" title="University of Chicago">University of Chicago</a> law professor, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senator" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Senator">United States Senator</a>, first <a href="/wiki/African-American" class="mw-redirect" title="African-American">African-American</a> President of the Harvard Law Review, and 44th <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States_of_America" class="mw-redirect" title="President of the United States of America">President of the United States of America</a> </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Ida_Platt" title="Ida Platt">Ida Platt</a> (1862–1939)<a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a> </td> <td>First African-American woman licensed to practice law in Illinois, and the third in the United States </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Charlotte_E._Ray" title="Charlotte E. Ray">Charlotte E. Ray</a> (1850–1911)<a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a> </td> <td>First <a href="/wiki/Black_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Black American">Black American</a> female <a href="/wiki/Lawyer" title="Lawyer">lawyer</a> in the United States </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Scovel_Richardson" title="Scovel Richardson">Scovel Richardson</a> (1912–1982)<a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a> </td> <td>Party to a housing desegregation case anticipating <a href="/wiki/Shelley_v._Kraemer" title="Shelley v. Kraemer">Shelley v. Kraemer</a>; also a judge in federal courts from 1957 </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Patricia_J._Williams" title="Patricia J. Williams">Patricia J. Williams</a> (b. 1951)<a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a> </td> <td>Proponent of <a href="/wiki/Critical_race_theory" title="Critical race theory">critical race theory</a>; law professor at <a href="/wiki/Columbia_University" title="Columbia University">Columbia University</a> </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/William_F._Yardley" title="William F. Yardley">William F. Yardley</a> (1844–1924)<a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a> </td> <td>Anti-segregation advocate; first African American candidate for governor of Tennessee (1876) </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Others">Others</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_African_American_jurists&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Others">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Johnnie_cochran_2001_cropped_retouched.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Johnnie_cochran_2001_cropped_retouched.jpg/100px-Johnnie_cochran_2001_cropped_retouched.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Johnnie_cochran_2001_cropped_retouched.jpg/150px-Johnnie_cochran_2001_cropped_retouched.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Johnnie_cochran_2001_cropped_retouched.jpg/200px-Johnnie_cochran_2001_cropped_retouched.jpg 2x" data-file-width="589" data-file-height="772" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Johnnie_Cochran" title="Johnnie Cochran">Johnnie Cochran</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chris_Darden_1995.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Chris_Darden_1995.jpg/100px-Chris_Darden_1995.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Chris_Darden_1995.jpg/150px-Chris_Darden_1995.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Chris_Darden_1995.jpg/200px-Chris_Darden_1995.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1841" data-file-height="2218" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Darden" title="Christopher Darden">Christopher Darden</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Eric_Holder_official_portrait.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Eric_Holder_official_portrait.jpg/100px-Eric_Holder_official_portrait.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Eric_Holder_official_portrait.jpg/150px-Eric_Holder_official_portrait.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Eric_Holder_official_portrait.jpg/200px-Eric_Holder_official_portrait.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Eric_Holder" title="Eric Holder">Eric Holder</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Loretta_Lynch,_official_portrait.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Loretta_Lynch%2C_official_portrait.jpg/100px-Loretta_Lynch%2C_official_portrait.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Loretta_Lynch%2C_official_portrait.jpg/150px-Loretta_Lynch%2C_official_portrait.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Loretta_Lynch%2C_official_portrait.jpg/200px-Loretta_Lynch%2C_official_portrait.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4258" data-file-height="5323" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Loretta_Lynch" title="Loretta Lynch">Loretta Lynch</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:01-12-2011_Alianza_Chile-Massachusetts_(6443378375)_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/01-12-2011_Alianza_Chile-Massachusetts_%286443378375%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/100px-01-12-2011_Alianza_Chile-Massachusetts_%286443378375%29_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/01-12-2011_Alianza_Chile-Massachusetts_%286443378375%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/150px-01-12-2011_Alianza_Chile-Massachusetts_%286443378375%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/01-12-2011_Alianza_Chile-Massachusetts_%286443378375%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/200px-01-12-2011_Alianza_Chile-Massachusetts_%286443378375%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="381" data-file-height="511" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Deval_Patrick" title="Deval Patrick">Deval Patrick</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Clarence_Thomas_official_SCOTUS_portrait.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Clarence_Thomas_official_SCOTUS_portrait.jpg/100px-Clarence_Thomas_official_SCOTUS_portrait.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Clarence_Thomas_official_SCOTUS_portrait.jpg/150px-Clarence_Thomas_official_SCOTUS_portrait.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Clarence_Thomas_official_SCOTUS_portrait.jpg/200px-Clarence_Thomas_official_SCOTUS_portrait.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="3300" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Clarence_Thomas" title="Clarence Thomas">Clarence Thomas</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mel_Watt_official_photo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Mel_Watt_official_photo.jpg/100px-Mel_Watt_official_photo.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Mel_Watt_official_photo.jpg/150px-Mel_Watt_official_photo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Mel_Watt_official_photo.jpg/200px-Mel_Watt_official_photo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Mel_Watt" title="Mel Watt">Mel Watt</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Sengstacke_Abbott" title="Robert Sengstacke Abbott">Robert Sengstacke Abbott</a>, lawyer, newspaper publisher, editor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raymond_Pace_Alexander" title="Raymond Pace Alexander">Raymond Pace Alexander</a>, lawyer, politician, civil rights activist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sadie_Tanner_Mossell_Alexander" class="mw-redirect" title="Sadie Tanner Mossell Alexander">Sadie Tanner Mossell Alexander</a>, lawyer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anita_L._Allen" title="Anita L. Allen">Anita L. Allen</a>, lawyer, professor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helen_Elsie_Austin" title="Helen Elsie Austin">Helen Elsie Austin</a>, lawyer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_Lee_Barnett_(Chicago)" title="Ferdinand Lee Barnett (Chicago)">Ferdinand Lee Barnett</a>, lawyer, journalist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Bradley_(American_politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tom Bradley (American politician)">Tom Bradley</a>, lawyer, politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roland_Burris" title="Roland Burris">Roland Burris</a>, lawyer, politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eunice_Carter" title="Eunice Carter">Eunice Carter</a>, lawyer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Calvin_Chase" title="William Calvin Chase">William Calvin Chase</a>, lawyer, newspaper editor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julius_L._Chambers" title="Julius L. Chambers">Julius L. Chambers</a>, lawyer, civil rights activist, educator</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laura_Coates" title="Laura Coates">Laura Coates</a>, attorney, law professor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Thaddeus_Coleman_Jr." title="William Thaddeus Coleman Jr.">William Thaddeus Coleman Jr.</a>, lawyer, politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mo_Cowan" title="Mo Cowan">Mo Cowan</a>, lawyer, politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artur_Davis" title="Artur Davis">Artur Davis</a>, lawyer, politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordon_Davis" title="Gordon Davis">Gordon Davis</a>, lawyer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Dean_(judge)" title="James Dean (judge)">James Dean</a>, lawyer, activist, businessperson, deacon, first African-American appointed as a judge in Florida</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elaine_Denniston" title="Elaine Denniston">Elaine Denniston</a>, lawyer, supported the Apollo program as a keypunch operator</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_E._Douglas" title="Carl E. Douglas">Carl E. Douglas</a>, lawyer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/B._Kwaku_Duren" title="B. Kwaku Duren">B. Kwaku Duren</a>, lawyer, educator, writer, editor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larry_Elder" title="Larry Elder">Larry Elder</a>, lawyer, author, radio show host</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keith_Ellison" title="Keith Ellison">Keith Ellison</a>, lawyer, politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karen_Freeman-Wilson" title="Karen Freeman-Wilson">Karen Freeman-Wilson</a>, lawyer, judge</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_A._Gordon" title="Walter A. Gordon">Walter A. Gordon</a>, lawyer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Gray_(attorney)" title="Fred Gray (attorney)">Fred Gray</a>, civil rights lawyer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al_Green_(politician)" title="Al Green (politician)">Al Green</a>, lawyer, politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._Leon_Higginbotham_Jr." title="A. Leon Higginbotham Jr.">A. Leon Higginbotham Jr.</a>, lawyer, author, civil rights advocate, federal court judge</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anita_Hill" title="Anita Hill">Anita Hill</a>, lawyer, academic</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtis_Hill" title="Curtis Hill">Curtis Hill</a>, lawyer, prosecutor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Holder" title="Eric Holder">Eric Holder</a>, lawyer, 82nd <a href="/wiki/United_States_Attorney_General" title="United States Attorney General">United States Attorney General</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunny_Hostin" title="Sunny Hostin">Sunny Hostin</a> (African American father), lawyer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Hooks" title="Benjamin Hooks">Benjamin Hooks</a>, lawyer, minister, civil rights activist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valerie_Jarrett" title="Valerie Jarrett">Valerie Jarrett</a>, lawyer, businesswoman, government official</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeh_Johnson" title="Jeh Johnson">Jeh Johnson</a>, lawyer, government official</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eddie_Jordan_(attorney)" title="Eddie Jordan (attorney)">Eddie Jordan</a>, lawyer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vernon_Jordan" title="Vernon Jordan">Vernon Jordan</a>, lawyer, business executive, civil rights activist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florynce_Kennedy" title="Florynce Kennedy">Florynce Kennedy</a>, lawyer, civil rights advocate</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leondra_Kruger" title="Leondra Kruger">Leondra Kruger</a>, lawyer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reginald_Lewis" title="Reginald Lewis">Reginald Lewis</a>, lawyer, businessman</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_H._Lewis" title="William H. Lewis">William H. Lewis</a>, lawyer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lori_Lightfoot" title="Lori Lightfoot">Lori Lightfoot</a>, lawyer, politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loretta_Lynch" title="Loretta Lynch">Loretta Lynch</a>, lawyer, 83rd <a href="/wiki/United_States_Attorney_General" title="United States Attorney General">United States Attorney General</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conrad_Lynn" title="Conrad Lynn">Conrad Lynn</a>, lawyer, civil rights activist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thurgood_Marshall" title="Thurgood Marshall">Thurgood Marshall</a>, lawyer, judge</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thurgood_Marshall_Jr." title="Thurgood Marshall Jr.">Thurgood Marshall Jr.</a>, lawyer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Morris_(lawyer)" title="Robert Morris (lawyer)">Robert Morris</a>, lawyer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constance_Baker_Motley" title="Constance Baker Motley">Constance Baker Motley</a>, lawyer, judge, politician, civil rights activist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pauli_Murray" title="Pauli Murray">Pauli Murray</a>, lawyer, author, priest, civil rights activist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Noble" title="Ronald Noble">Ronald Noble</a>, lawyer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deval_Patrick" title="Deval Patrick">Deval Patrick</a>, lawyer, author, businessman, politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terri_Sewell" title="Terri Sewell">Terri Sewell</a>, lawyer, politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bryan_Stevenson" title="Bryan Stevenson">Bryan Stevenson</a>, lawyer, professor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clarence_Thomas" title="Clarence Thomas">Clarence Thomas</a>, lawyer, judge, government official</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jordan_A._Thomas" title="Jordan A. Thomas">Jordan A. Thomas</a>, lawyer, writer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larry_Thompson_(lawyer)" title="Larry Thompson (lawyer)">Larry Thompson</a>, lawyer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Wilbert_Tucker" title="Samuel Wilbert Tucker">Samuel Wilbert Tucker</a>, lawyer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mel_Watt" title="Mel Watt">Mel Watt</a>, lawyer, politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_West_(attorney)" title="Tony West (attorney)">Tony West</a>, lawyer</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Judicial_officers">Judicial officers</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_African_American_jurists&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Judicial officers">edit</a>]</div> This is a dynamic list of <a href="/wiki/African_Americans" title="African Americans">African Americans</a> who are or were <a href="/wiki/Judge" title="Judge">judges</a>, <a href="/wiki/Magistrate" title="Magistrate">magistrate</a> judges, court commissioners, or <a href="/wiki/Administrative_law_judge" title="Administrative law judge">administrative law judges</a>. If known, it will be listed if a judge has served on multiple courts. <table class="wikitable sortable" style="border-style:solid;border-width:1px;border-color:#808080;background-color:#EFEFEF" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="2" width="100%"> <tbody><tr bgcolor="#EFEFEF"> <th>Judge </th> <th>Court/agency and years of service (if known) </th> <th>State/territory </th> <th>Status </th></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Sheila_Abdus-Salaam" title="Sheila Abdus-Salaam">Sheila Abdus-Salaam</a><a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Civil_Court" title="New York City Civil Court">New York City Civil Court</a> (1992–1993); <a href="/wiki/New_York_Supreme_Court" title="New York Supreme Court">New York Supreme Court</a> (1993–2009); Appellate Division of the New York Supreme Court, First Judicial Department (2009–2013); <a href="/wiki/New_York_Court_of_Appeals" title="New York Court of Appeals">New York Court of Appeals</a> (2013–2017) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Nancy_Abudu" title="Nancy Abudu">Nancy Abudu</a><a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Eleventh_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit</a> (2023– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="Georgia (U.S. state)">Georgia</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Henry_Lee_Adams_Jr." title="Henry Lee Adams Jr.">Henry Lee Adams Jr.</a><a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a> </td> <td>Fourth Judicial Circuit of Florida (1979–1993); <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Middle_District_of_Florida" title="United States District Court for the Middle District of Florida">United States District Court for the Middle District of Florida</a> (1993– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Oscar_W._Adams_Jr." title="Oscar W. Adams Jr.">Oscar W. Adams Jr.</a><a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Alabama" title="Supreme Court of Alabama">Supreme Court of Alabama</a> (1980–1993) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alabama" title="Alabama">Alabama</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Fritz W. Alexander II<a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_Supreme_Court,_Appellate_Division" title="New York Supreme Court, Appellate Division">New York Appellate Division</a>, First Department (1982–1985) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> </td> <td>resigned </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Raymond_Pace_Alexander" title="Raymond Pace Alexander">Raymond Pace Alexander</a><a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Court_of_common_pleas_(Pennsylvania)" class="mw-redirect" title="Court of common pleas (Pennsylvania)">Pennsylvania Courts of Common Pleas</a> (1959–1974) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Elreta_Melton_Alexander-Ralston" class="mw-redirect" title="Elreta Melton Alexander-Ralston">Elreta Melton Alexander-Ralston</a><a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a> </td> <td>North Carolina District Court (appt. 1968) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/North_Carolina" title="North Carolina">North Carolina</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Arenda_Wright_Allen" title="Arenda Wright Allen">Arenda Wright Allen</a><a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_Virginia" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia">United States District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia</a> (2011– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Macon_Bolling_Allen" title="Macon Bolling Allen">Macon Bolling Allen</a><a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a> </td> <td>Justice of the Peace for Middlesex County (appt. 1848); Inferior Court of Charleston (appt. 1873); Charleston County Probate Court (appt. 1873) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Christopher M. Alston<a href="#cite_note-:8-27">[27]</a> </td> <td>Bankruptcy Court, Western District of Washington (2015– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Washington_(state)" title="Washington (state)">Washington</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Rossie_D._Alston_Jr." title="Rossie D. Alston Jr.">Rossie D. Alston Jr.</a><a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Court_of_Appeals_of_Virginia" title="Court of Appeals of Virginia">Court of Appeals of Virginia</a> (2009–2019); <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_Virginia" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia">United States District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia</a> (2019– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Eldora Anderson<a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a> </td> <td>Perry County Probate Court (2006– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alabama" title="Alabama">Alabama</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Percy_Anderson_(judge)" title="Percy Anderson (judge)">Percy Anderson</a><a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Central_District_of_California" title="United States District Court for the Central District of California">United States District Court for the Central District of California</a> (2002– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Saundra_Brown_Armstrong" title="Saundra Brown Armstrong">Saundra Brown Armstrong</a><a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Northern_District_of_California" title="United States District Court for the Northern District of California">United States District Court for the Northern District of California</a> (1991– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Israel "I.M." Augustine Jr.<a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a> </td> <td>Orleans Criminal District Court (1969) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Louisiana" title="Louisiana">Louisiana</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Jacquelyn_D._Austin" title="Jacquelyn D. Austin">Jacquelyn D. Austin</a><a href="#cite_note-Reuters-1-24-24-33">[33]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_South_Carolina" title="United States District Court for the District of South Carolina">United States District Court for the District of South Carolina</a> (2011– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/South_Carolina" title="South Carolina">South Carolina</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Henry_Autrey" title="Henry Autrey">Henry Autrey</a><a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_Missouri" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of Missouri">United States District Court for the Eastern District of Missouri</a> (2002– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">Missouri</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Dionne Phillips Bagsby<a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a> </td> <td>Tarrant County Commissioners Court (1978–2005) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Nannette A. Baker<a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Missouri_Court_of_Appeals" title="Missouri Court of Appeals">Missouri Court of Appeals</a> (2004–2009); <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_Missouri" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of Missouri">United States District Court for the Eastern District of Missouri</a> (2010–2023) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">Missouri</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Cynthia_Baldwin" title="Cynthia Baldwin">Cynthia Baldwin</a><a href="#cite_note-Tucker,_Petrese_B-37">[37]</a> </td> <td>Allegheny County Court of Common Pleas (1989–2005); Supreme Court of Pennsylvania (2006–2008) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Shannon Baldwin<a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a> </td> <td>Harris County Court (2018– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Camara Banfield<a href="#cite_note-:8-27">[27]</a> </td> <td>Clark County Superior Court (2021– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Washington_(state)" title="Washington (state)">Washington</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Patricia Banks<a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a> </td> <td>Cook County 5th Subcircuit (1994–2018) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Boce_W._Barlow_Jr." title="Boce W. Barlow Jr.">Boce W. Barlow Jr.</a><a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a> </td> <td>Connecticut Municipal Court (appt. 1957) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Connecticut" title="Connecticut">Connecticut</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Randolph Baskerville<a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a> </td> <td>North Carolina 9B Judicial District (2005–2014) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/North_Carolina" title="North Carolina">North Carolina</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Gordon S. Baranco<a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a> </td> <td>Oakland-Piedmont-Emeryville Municipal Court (1980–1984); <a href="/wiki/Alameda_County_Superior_Court" title="Alameda County Superior Court">Alameda County Superior Court</a> (1984–2016) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Lucia Bates<a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a> </td> <td>Harris County Justice of the Peace Court (2019– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Deborah_Batts" title="Deborah Batts">Deborah Batts</a><a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Southern_District_of_New_York" title="United States District Court for the Southern District of New York">United States District Court for the Southern District of New York</a> (1994–2020) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/DeLawrence_Beard" title="DeLawrence Beard">DeLawrence Beard</a><a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a> </td> <td>Sixth Judicial Circuit Court (1996–2007) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland">Maryland</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Cheri_Beasley" title="Cheri Beasley">Cheri Beasley</a><a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/North_Carolina_Supreme_Court" title="North Carolina Supreme Court">North Carolina Supreme Court</a> (2012–2020) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/North_Carolina" title="North Carolina">North Carolina</a> </td> <td>term ended </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/James_A._Beaty_Jr." title="James A. Beaty Jr.">James A. Beaty Jr.</a><a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Middle_District_of_North_Carolina" title="United States District Court for the Middle District of North Carolina">United States District Court for the Middle District of North Carolina</a> (1994–2018) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/North_Carolina" title="North Carolina">North Carolina</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Diana_Becton" title="Diana Becton">Diana Becton</a><a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a> </td> <td>Contra Costa County Municipal Court (1995–1998); <a href="/wiki/Contra_Costa_County_Superior_Court" title="Contra Costa County Superior Court">Contra Costa County Superior Court</a> (1998–2017) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Louis A. Bedford Jr.<a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a> </td> <td>Dallas Municipal Court (1966–1980) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Wendy_Beetlestone" title="Wendy Beetlestone">Wendy Beetlestone</a><a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_Pennsylvania" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania">United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania</a> (2014– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Romonda Belcher-Ford<a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a> </td> <td>Polk County District Court (2010– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa">Iowa</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Kathleen Bell<a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a> </td> <td>Arkansas First Judicial District (1989–2016) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas">Arkansas</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Robert_M._Bell" title="Robert M. Bell">Robert M. Bell</a><a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a> </td> <td>Circuit Court for Baltimore City (1980–1984); <a href="/wiki/Maryland_Court_of_Special_Appeals" class="mw-redirect" title="Maryland Court of Special Appeals">Maryland Court of Special Appeals</a> (1984–1991); <a href="/wiki/Maryland_Court_of_Appeals" class="mw-redirect" title="Maryland Court of Appeals">Maryland Court of Appeals</a> (1991–2013) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland">Maryland</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Te'iva Bell<a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Harris_County,_Texas" title="Harris County, Texas">Harris County</a> 339th District Court (2021– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/DeAndrea_G._Benjamin" title="DeAndrea G. Benjamin">DeAndrea G. Benjamin</a><a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a> </td> <td>South Carolina Circuit Court (2011–2023); <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Fourth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit</a> (2023– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/South_Carolina" title="South Carolina">South Carolina</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Alfred_H._Bennett" title="Alfred H. Bennett">Alfred H. Bennett</a><a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Southern_District_of_Texas" title="United States District Court for the Southern District of Texas">United States District Court for the Southern District of Texas</a> (2015– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>L. Howard Bennett<a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a> </td> <td>Minneapolis Municipal Court (appt. 1957) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Minnesota" title="Minnesota">Minnesota</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Gail B. Bereola<a href="#cite_note-58">[58]</a> </td> <td>Alameda County Municipal Court (1992–1998); <a href="/wiki/Alameda_County_Superior_Court" title="Alameda County Superior Court">Alameda County Superior Court</a> (1998– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Irene_Berger" title="Irene Berger">Irene Berger</a><a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a> </td> <td>Kanawha County Circuit Court (1994–2009); <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Southern_District_of_New_York" title="United States District Court for the Southern District of New York">United States District Court for the Southern District of West Virginia</a> (2009– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/West_Virginia" title="West Virginia">West Virginia</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Karen Bethea-Shields<a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a> </td> <td>North Carolina 14th District Court (1980–1986) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/North_Carolina" title="North Carolina">North Carolina</a> </td> <td>resigned </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Deborah Biggers<a href="#cite_note-61">[61]</a> </td> <td>Alabama Fifth Judicial Circuit (2014– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alabama" title="Alabama">Alabama</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Loretta_Copeland_Biggs" title="Loretta Copeland Biggs">Loretta Copeland Biggs</a><a href="#cite_note-62">[62]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Middle_District_of_North_Carolina" title="United States District Court for the Middle District of North Carolina">United States District Court for the Middle District of North Carolina</a> (2014– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/North_Carolina" title="North Carolina">North Carolina</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/A._A._Birch_Jr." title="A. A. Birch Jr.">A. A. Birch Jr.</a><a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tennessee_Court_of_Appeals" title="Tennessee Court of Appeals">Tennessee Court of Appeals</a> (1987–1990); <a href="/wiki/Tennessee_Supreme_Court" title="Tennessee Supreme Court">Supreme Court of Tennessee</a> (1990–2001) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tennessee" title="Tennessee">Tennessee</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Fannie_Birckhead" title="Fannie Birckhead">Fannie Birckhead</a><a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a><a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a> </td> <td>Worcester County Orphans' Court (1998–2002) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland">Maryland</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Kea S. Bird-Riley<a href="#cite_note-66">[66]</a> </td> <td>16th Circuit Court (2020– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">Missouri</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Andre_Birotte_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="Andre Birotte Jr.">Andre Birotte Jr.</a><a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Central_District_of_California" title="United States District Court for the Central District of California">United States District Court for the Central District of California</a> (2014– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Ollie B. Bivins Jr.<a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a> </td> <td>Flint Municipal Court (1969–1972); Genesee County Circuit Court (1972–1982) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Michigan" title="Michigan">Michigan</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Charnelle_Bjelkengren" title="Charnelle Bjelkengren">Charnelle Bjelkengren</a><a href="#cite_note-69">[69]</a> </td> <td>Spokane County Superior Court (2019– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Washington_(state)" title="Washington (state)">Washington</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Stuart Black<a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a> </td> <td>Isabella County Probate Court (2018– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Michigan" title="Michigan">Michigan</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Carolyn Wade Blackett<a href="#cite_note-:103-71">[71]</a> </td> <td>Shelby County Criminal Court (1994– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tennessee" title="Tennessee">Tennessee</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Jerry_W._Blackwell" title="Jerry W. Blackwell">Jerry W. Blackwell</a><a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Minnesota" title="United States District Court for the District of Minnesota">United States District Court for the District of Minnesota</a> (2022– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Minnesota" title="Minnesota">Minnesota</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Juanita Boger-Allen<a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a> </td> <td>Cabarrus County District Court (2019– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/North_Carolina" title="North Carolina">North Carolina</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Kyra_Harris_Bolden" title="Kyra Harris Bolden">Kyra Harris Bolden</a><a href="#cite_note-74">[74]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Michigan_Supreme_Court" title="Michigan Supreme Court">Michigan Supreme Court</a> (2023– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Michigan" title="Michigan">Michigan</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Victor_Allen_Bolden" title="Victor Allen Bolden">Victor Allen Bolden</a><a href="#cite_note-75">[75]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Connecticut" title="United States District Court for the District of Connecticut">United States District Court for the District of Connecticut</a> (2014– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Connecticut" title="Connecticut">Connecticut</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Jane_Bolin" title="Jane Bolin">Jane Bolin</a><a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Courts" class="mw-redirect" title="New York City Courts">New York City Domestic Relations Court</a> (1939–1978) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Gia G. Bosley<a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_County_Superior_Court" title="Los Angeles County Superior Court">Los Angeles County Superior Court</a> (2017– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Richard_F._Boulware" title="Richard F. Boulware">Richard F. Boulware</a><a href="#cite_note-78">[78]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Nevada" title="United States District Court for the District of Nevada">United States District Court for the District of Nevada</a> (2014– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nevada" title="Nevada">Nevada</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Colin T. Bowen<a href="#cite_note-79">[79]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alameda_County_Superior_Court" title="Alameda County Superior Court">Alameda County Superior Court</a> (2018– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Robert Bowers<a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Solano_County_Superior_Court" title="Solano County Superior Court">Solano County Superior Court</a> (2003– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Amos E. Bowman<a href="#cite_note-:0-81">[81]</a> </td> <td>New York City Magistrates’ Court </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Susan Bragg<a href="#cite_note-82">[82]</a> </td> <td>Oklahoma County District Court (1988–1999); Oklahoma Seventh District Court (1999–2005) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Oklahoma" title="Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Henry_Bramwell" title="Henry Bramwell">Henry Bramwell</a><a href="#cite_note-83">[83]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_New_York" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York">United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York</a> (1974–2010) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>William McKinley Branch<a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a> </td> <td>Greene County Probate Court (appt. 1970) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alabama" title="Alabama">Alabama</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>George Bridges<a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a> </td> <td>Nineteenth Judicial Circuit Court First Subcircuit (2012–2016) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Cristal_C._Brisco" title="Cristal C. Brisco">Cristal C. Brisco</a><a href="#cite_note-Reuters-1-24-24-33">[33]</a> </td> <td>St. Joseph County Superior Court (2021–2024); <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Northern_District_of_Indiana" title="United States District Court for the Northern District of Indiana">United States District Court for the Northern District of Indiana</a> (2024– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Indiana" title="Indiana">Indiana</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Vernon_S._Broderick" title="Vernon S. Broderick">Vernon S. Broderick</a><a href="#cite_note-86">[86]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Southern_District_of_New_York" title="United States District Court for the Southern District of New York">United States District Court for the Southern District of New York</a> (2013– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Margo_Kitsy_Brodie" title="Margo Kitsy Brodie">Margo Kitsy Brodie</a><a href="#cite_note-87">[87]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_New_York" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York">United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York</a> (2012– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Alicia Brooks<a href="#cite_note-88">[88]</a> </td> <td>North Carolina District Court (elect. 2014) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/North_Carolina" title="North Carolina">North Carolina</a> </td> <td>lost reelection </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Claudette Brooks<a href="#cite_note-89">[89]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alameda_County_Superior_Court" title="Alameda County Superior Court">Alameda County Superior Court</a> (Referee: 1989–1997; Commissioner: 1997– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Allen_Broussard" title="Allen Broussard">Allen Broussard</a><a href="#cite_note-90">[90]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_California" title="Supreme Court of California">Supreme Court of California</a> (1981–1991) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Aaron Brown Jr.<a href="#cite_note-91">[91]</a> </td> <td>Portland Municipal Court (1968–1971); Multnomah County District Court (1971–1995) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Oregon" title="Oregon">Oregon</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Ada_E._Brown" class="mw-redirect" title="Ada E. Brown">Ada E. Brown</a><a href="#cite_note-92">[92]</a> </td> <td>Dallas County Criminal Court (2005–2007); <a href="/wiki/Fifth_Court_of_Appeals_of_Texas" title="Fifth Court of Appeals of Texas">Fifth Court of Appeals of Texas</a> (2013–2019); <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Northern_District_of_Texas" title="United States District Court for the Northern District of Texas">United States District Court for the Northern District of Texas</a> (2019– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Debra_M._Brown" title="Debra M. Brown">Debra M. Brown</a><a href="#cite_note-93">[93]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Northern_District_of_Mississippi" title="United States District Court for the Northern District of Mississippi">United States District Court for the Northern District of Mississippi</a> (2013– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mississippi" title="Mississippi">Mississippi</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>F. Keith Brown<a href="#cite_note-94">[94]</a><a href="#cite_note-95">[95]</a> </td> <td>Illinois 16th Judicial Circuit (1991–2014) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>George H. Brown<a href="#cite_note-96">[96]</a> </td> <td>Supreme Court of Tennessee (1980–1982) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tennessee" title="Tennessee">Tennessee</a> </td> <td>lost reelection </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Harry C. Brown<a href="#cite_note-97">[97]</a><a href="#cite_note-98">[98]</a> </td> <td>Jasper County Probate Court (appt. 1987–1997) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/South_Carolina" title="South Carolina">South Carolina</a> </td> <td>suspended </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Homer S. Brown<a href="#cite_note-99">[99]</a> </td> <td>Allegheny County Court (1949–1975) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Janice_Rogers_Brown" title="Janice Rogers Brown">Janice Rogers Brown</a><a href="#cite_note-100">[100]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_California" title="Supreme Court of California">California Supreme Court</a> (1996–2005); <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_D.C._Circuit" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit</a> (2005–2017) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Larry Brown Jr.<a href="#cite_note-101">[101]</a> </td> <td>Alamance County District Court (2017– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/North_Carolina" title="North Carolina">North Carolina</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Nannette_Jolivette_Brown" title="Nannette Jolivette Brown">Nannette Jolivette Brown</a><a href="#cite_note-102">[102]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_Louisiana" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of Louisiana">United States District Court for the Eastern District of Louisiana</a> (2011– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Louisiana" title="Louisiana">Louisiana</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Ronnisha Bowman<a href="#cite_note-103">[103]</a> </td> <td>Harris County Criminal Court at Law No. 2 (2019– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Yvette_McGee_Brown" title="Yvette McGee Brown">Yvette McGee Brown</a><a href="#cite_note-104">[104]</a> </td> <td>Franklin County Court of Common Pleas (1993–2002); <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Ohio" title="Supreme Court of Ohio">Supreme Court of Ohio</a> (2011–2012) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a> </td> <td>term ended </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Vanessa_Lynne_Bryant" title="Vanessa Lynne Bryant">Vanessa Lynne Bryant</a><a href="#cite_note-105">[105]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Connecticut" title="United States District Court for the District of Connecticut">United States District Court for the District of Connecticut</a> (2007– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Connecticut" title="Connecticut">Connecticut</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Wanda_G._Bryant" title="Wanda G. Bryant">Wanda G. Bryant</a><a href="#cite_note-106">[106]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/North_Carolina_Court_of_Appeals" title="North Carolina Court of Appeals">North Carolina Court of Appeals</a> (2001–2020) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/North_Carolina" title="North Carolina">North Carolina</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/William_B._Bryant" title="William B. Bryant">William B. Bryant</a><a href="#cite_note-107">[107]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Columbia" title="United States District Court for the District of Columbia">United States District Court for the District of Columbia</a> (1965–1982) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Frank_Burgess" title="Frank Burgess">Frank Burgess</a><a href="#cite_note-108">[108]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Western_District_of_Washington" title="United States District Court for the Western District of Washington">United States District Court for the Western District of Washington</a> (1981–2010) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Rhonda N. Burgess<a href="#cite_note-109">[109]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alameda_County_Superior_Court" title="Alameda County Superior Court">Superior Court of Alameda County</a> (Commissioner: 2003–2007; Judge: 2007– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Lillian W. Burke<a href="#cite_note-110">[110]</a> </td> <td>Cleveland Municipal Court (1969–1987) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Sharon M. Burney<a href="#cite_note-111">[111]</a> </td> <td>Precinct 7, Place 2 in Harris County (2019– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Burnham" title="Margaret Burnham">Margaret Burnham</a><a href="#cite_note-112">[112]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Boston_Municipal_Court" title="Boston Municipal Court">Boston Municipal Court</a> (1977–1982) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a> </td> <td>resigned </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Garland_E._Burrell_Jr." title="Garland E. Burrell Jr.">Garland E. Burrell Jr.</a><a href="#cite_note-113">[113]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_California" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of California">United States District Court for the Eastern District of California</a> (1992– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>inactive </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Sharon V. Burrell<a href="#cite_note-114">[114]</a> </td> <td>Circuit Court for Montgomery County (2008– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland">Maryland</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Louis_B._Butler" title="Louis B. Butler">Louis B. Butler</a><a href="#cite_note-newspapers.com-115">[115]</a> </td> <td>Wisconsin Circuit Court, Branch 9 (2002–2004); <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Supreme_Court" title="Wisconsin Supreme Court">Wisconsin Supreme Court</a> (2004–2008) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin" title="Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a> </td> <td>term expired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Tjuana Byrd<a href="#cite_note-116">[116]</a> </td> <td>Sixth Circuit Court (2021– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas">Arkansas</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Rupert Byrdsong<a href="#cite_note-:4-117">[117]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_County_Superior_Court" title="Los Angeles County Superior Court">Los Angeles County Superior Court</a> (2014– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Chinhayi Cadet<a href="#cite_note-:7-118">[118]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/San_Mateo_County_Superior_Court" title="San Mateo County Superior Court">San Mateo County Superior Court</a> (2021– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Clyde_S._Cahill_Jr." title="Clyde S. Cahill Jr.">Clyde S. Cahill Jr.</a><a href="#cite_note-119">[119]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_Missouri" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of Missouri">United States District Court for the Eastern District of Missouri</a> (1980–2004) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">Missouri</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Victoria_Marie_Calvert" class="mw-redirect" title="Victoria Marie Calvert">Victoria Marie Calvert</a><a href="#cite_note-120">[120]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Northern_District_of_Georgia" title="United States District Court for the Northern District of Georgia">United States District Court for the Northern District of Georgia</a> (2022– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="Georgia (U.S. state)">Georgia</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Gloria J. Cannon<a href="#cite_note-121">[121]</a> </td> <td>Kern County Superior Court (2017– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Larry Card<a href="#cite_note-122">[122]</a> </td> <td>Superior Court of Alaska (1993–2017) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alaska" title="Alaska">Alaska</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Donine Carrington Martin<a href="#cite_note-123">[123]</a> </td> <td>Charles County Circuit Court (2017– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland">Maryland</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>George Carroll<a href="#cite_note-124">[124]</a> </td> <td>Contra Costa Municipal Court (1965–1982) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Andrew_L._Carter_Jr." title="Andrew L. Carter Jr.">Andrew L. Carter Jr.</a><a href="#cite_note-125">[125]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_New_York" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York">United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York</a> (2011– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Geoffrey N. Carter </td> <td>Alameda County Municipal Court (1988–1998); <a href="/wiki/Alameda_County_Superior_Court" title="Alameda County Superior Court">Alameda County Superior Court</a> (Commissioner: 1998–2013)<a href="#cite_note-126">[126]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Robert_L._Carter" title="Robert L. Carter">Robert L. Carter</a><a href="#cite_note-127">[127]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Southern_District_of_New_York" title="United States District Court for the Southern District of New York">United States District Court for the Southern District of New York</a> (1972–2012) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Joan S. Cartwright<a href="#cite_note-128">[128]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alameda_County_Superior_Court" title="Alameda County Superior Court">Alameda County Superior Court</a> (1996–2014) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Denise_J._Casper" title="Denise J. Casper">Denise J. Casper</a><a href="#cite_note-129">[129]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Massachusetts" title="United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts">United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts</a> (2010– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Agnes Chappell<a href="#cite_note-130">[130]</a> </td> <td>Birmingham Municipal Court (2002–2016); Alabama Tenth Judicial Circuit (2016– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alabama" title="Alabama">Alabama</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Carlos Chappelle<a href="#cite_note-131">[131]</a> </td> <td>Tulsa County District Court (1995–2015) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Oklahoma" title="Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a> </td> <td>died in office </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Dewayne Charleston<a href="#cite_note-132">[132]</a><a href="#cite_note-133">[133]</a> </td> <td>Waller County Justice of the Peace (2003-2009)<a href="#cite_note-134">[134]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> </td> <td>suspended </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Sharon_Chatman" title="Sharon Chatman">Sharon Chatman</a><a href="#cite_note-135">[135]</a> </td> <td>Santa Clara County Superior Court (2000–2020) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_J._Cheeks" title="Benjamin J. Cheeks">Benjamin J. Cheeks</a><a href="#cite_note-136">[136]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Southern_District_of_California" title="United States District Court for the Southern District of California">United States District Court for the Southern District of California</a> (2024– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Sammie Chess Jr.<a href="#cite_note-137">[137]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/North_Carolina_Superior_Court" title="North Carolina Superior Court">North Carolina Superior Court</a> (1971–2007) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/North_Carolina" title="North Carolina">North Carolina</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Wentworth_Cheswell" title="Wentworth Cheswell">Wentworth Cheswell</a><a href="#cite_note-138">[138]</a> </td> <td>Rockingham County Justice of the Peace (1805–1817) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_Hampshire" title="New Hampshire">New Hampshire</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/J._Michelle_Childs" title="J. Michelle Childs">J. Michelle Childs</a><a href="#cite_note-139">[139]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_South_Carolina" title="United States District Court for the District of South Carolina">United States District Court for the District of South Carolina</a> (2010–2022); <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_District_of_Columbia_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit</a> (2022– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Tanya_S._Chutkan" class="mw-redirect" title="Tanya S. Chutkan">Tanya S. Chutkan</a><a href="#cite_note-140">[140]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Columbia" title="United States District Court for the District of Columbia">United States District Court for the District of Columbia</a> (2014– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Crittenden Clark<a href="#cite_note-141">[141]</a> </td> <td>St. Louis Justice of the Peace (appt. 1922) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">Missouri</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Darcel D. Clark<a href="#cite_note-142">[142]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_Supreme_Court,_Appellate_Division" title="New York Supreme Court, Appellate Division">New York Appellate Division</a>, First Department (2012–2015) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> </td> <td>resigned </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Sidney Clark<a href="#cite_note-143">[143]</a> </td> <td>Wilmington Municipal Court (1961–1966) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Delaware" title="Delaware">Delaware</a> </td> <td>resigned </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Jessica_G._L._Clarke" title="Jessica G. L. Clarke">Jessica G. L. Clarke</a><a href="#cite_note-144">[144]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Southern_District_of_New_York" title="United States District Court for the Southern District of New York">United States District Court for the Southern District of New York</a> (2023– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>C. Don Clay<a href="#cite_note-145">[145]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alameda_County_Superior_Court" title="Alameda County Superior Court">Alameda County Superior Court</a> (2003– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Eric_L._Clay" title="Eric L. Clay">Eric L. Clay</a><a href="#cite_note-146">[146]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Sixth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit</a> (1997– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Michigan" title="Michigan">Michigan</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Jason A. Clay<a href="#cite_note-147">[147]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alameda_County_Superior_Court" title="Alameda County Superior Court">Alameda County Superior Court</a> (2018– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Denise Clayton<a href="#cite_note-148">[148]</a> </td> <td>Jefferson County District Court (1996–2007); <a href="/wiki/Kentucky_Court_of_Appeals" title="Kentucky Court of Appeals">Kentucky Court of Appeals</a> (2007– 2023)<a href="#cite_note-149">[149]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky">Kentucky</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Franklin_Cleckley" title="Franklin Cleckley">Franklin Cleckley</a><a href="#cite_note-greenfieldreporter.com-150">[150]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Appeals_of_West_Virginia" title="Supreme Court of Appeals of West Virginia">Supreme Court of Appeals of West Virginia</a> (1994–1996) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/West_Virginia" title="West Virginia">West Virginia</a> </td> <td>resigned </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/U._W._Clemon" title="U. W. Clemon">U. W. Clemon</a><a href="#cite_note-151">[151]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Northern_District_of_Alabama" title="United States District Court for the Northern District of Alabama">United States District Court for the Northern District of Alabama</a> (1980–2009) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alabama" title="Alabama">Alabama</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Charles_N._Clevert_Jr." title="Charles N. Clevert Jr.">Charles N. Clevert Jr.</a><a href="#cite_note-newspapers.com-115">[115]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_Wisconsin" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of Wisconsin">United States District Court for the Eastern District of Wisconsin</a> (1996–2017) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin" title="Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Courtney Clyburn-Pope<a href="#cite_note-152">[152]</a> </td> <td>South Carolina Second Judicial Circuit (2019– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/South_Carolina" title="South Carolina">South Carolina</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Lewis W. Clymer<a href="#cite_note-153">[153]</a> </td> <td>Common Pleas Court for the City of Detroit (1956–1957); Recorder’s Court for the City of Detroit (1957–1977) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">Missouri</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/David_H._Coar" title="David H. Coar">David H. Coar</a><a href="#cite_note-154">[154]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Northern_District_of_Illinois" title="United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois">United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois</a> (1994–2010) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Ivory Cobb<a href="#cite_note-155">[155]</a> or Ivorey Cobb<a href="#cite_note-156">[156]</a> </td> <td>Colebrook Superior Court (1968-1981) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_Hampshire" title="New Hampshire">New Hampshire</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Jia_M._Cobb" title="Jia M. Cobb">Jia M. Cobb</a><a href="#cite_note-157">[157]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Columbia" title="United States District Court for the District of Columbia">United States District Court for the District of Columbia</a> (2021– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>E. Curtissa R. Cofield<a href="#cite_note-158">[158]</a> </td> <td>New Britain District Superior Court (1991–2005) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Connecticut" title="Connecticut">Connecticut</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Dena_M._Coggins" title="Dena M. Coggins">Dena M. Coggins</a><a href="#cite_note-159">[159]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sacramento_County_Superior_Court" title="Sacramento County Superior Court">Sacramento County Superior Court</a> (2021–2024); <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_California" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of California">United States District Court for the Eastern District of California</a> (2024– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Harry_A._Cole" title="Harry A. Cole">Harry A. Cole</a><a href="#cite_note-160">[160]</a> </td> <td>Supreme Bench of Baltimore City (1967–1977); <a href="/wiki/Maryland_Court_of_Appeals" class="mw-redirect" title="Maryland Court of Appeals">Maryland Court of Appeals</a> (1977–1991) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland">Maryland</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/R._Guy_Cole_Jr." title="R. Guy Cole Jr.">R. Guy Cole Jr.</a><a href="#cite_note-161">[161]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Sixth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit</a> (1995– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Tom_Colbert" title="Tom Colbert">Tom Colbert</a><a href="#cite_note-162">[162]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Oklahoma_Supreme_Court" title="Oklahoma Supreme Court">Oklahoma Supreme Court</a> (2004–2021) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Oklahoma" title="Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>J. Carlton “J.C.” Cole<a href="#cite_note-163">[163]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/North_Carolina_Superior_Court" title="North Carolina Superior Court">North Carolina Superior Court</a> (2009–2021) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/North_Carolina" title="North Carolina">North Carolina</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>James H. Coleman Jr.<a href="#cite_note-164">[164]</a> </td> <td>New Jersey Workers’ Compensation Court (1964–1972); Union County Court (1972–1977); <a href="/wiki/New_Jersey_Superior_Court" title="New Jersey Superior Court">New Jersey Superior Court</a> (1978–1987); New Jersey Appellate Court (1987–1994); <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_New_Jersey" title="Supreme Court of New Jersey">Supreme Court of New Jersey</a> (1994–2003) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_Jersey" title="New Jersey">New Jersey</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Myrlys Stockdale Coleman<a href="#cite_note-165">[165]</a> </td> <td>Napa County Superior Court (Commissioner: 2019–2020) <a href="/wiki/Sacramento_County_Superior_Court" title="Sacramento County Superior Court">Sacramento County Superior Court</a> (Commissioner: 2020– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Sharon_Johnson_Coleman" title="Sharon Johnson Coleman">Sharon Johnson Coleman</a><a href="#cite_note-166">[166]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Northern_District_of_Illinois" title="United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois">United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois</a> (2010– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Curtis_Lynn_Collier" title="Curtis Lynn Collier">Curtis Lynn Collier</a><a href="#cite_note-167">[167]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_Tennessee" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of Tennessee">United States District Court for the Eastern District of Tennessee</a> (1995– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tennessee" title="Tennessee">Tennessee</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Audrey_B._Collins" title="Audrey B. Collins">Audrey B. Collins</a><a href="#cite_note-168">[168]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Central_District_of_California" title="United States District Court for the Central District of California">United States District Court for the Central District of California</a> (1994–2014); <a href="/wiki/California_Courts_of_Appeal" title="California Courts of Appeal">California Second District Court of Appeal, Fourth Division</a> (2014– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Raner_Collins" title="Raner Collins">Raner Collins</a><a href="#cite_note-169">[169]</a> </td> <td>Pima County Superior Court (Judge Pro Tem: 1985–1988; Judge: 1988–1998); <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Arizona" title="United States District Court for the District of Arizona">United States District Court for the District of Arizona</a> (1998–present) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Arizona" title="Arizona">Arizona</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Robert_Frederick_Collins" title="Robert Frederick Collins">Robert Frederick Collins</a><a href="#cite_note-170">[170]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_Louisiana" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of Louisiana">United States District Court for the Eastern District of Louisiana</a> (1978–1993) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Louisiana" title="Louisiana">Louisiana</a> </td> <td>resigned </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Verda_Colvin" title="Verda Colvin">Verda Colvin</a><a href="#cite_note-:3-171">[171]</a> </td> <td>Macon Judicial Circuit (2014–2020); <a href="/wiki/Georgia_Court_of_Appeals" title="Georgia Court of Appeals">Georgia Court of Appeals</a> (2020–2021); <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="Supreme Court of Georgia (U.S. state)">Georgia Supreme Court</a> (2021– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="Georgia (U.S. state)">Georgia</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Charles_Swinger_Conley" title="Charles Swinger Conley">Charles Swinger Conley</a><a href="#cite_note-172">[172]</a> </td> <td>Macon County Court of Common Pleas (elec. 1972) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alabama" title="Alabama">Alabama</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>C. Ellen Connally<a href="#cite_note-173">[173]</a> </td> <td>Cleveland Municipal Court (1980–2004) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Annette Cook<a href="#cite_note-:8-27">[27]</a> </td> <td>Office of Administrative Hearings </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Washington_(state)" title="Washington (state)">Washington</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Julian_A._Cook" title="Julian A. Cook">Julian A. Cook</a><a href="#cite_note-174">[174]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_Michigan" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan">United States District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan</a> (1978–2017) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Michigan" title="Michigan">Michigan</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Marcia_G._Cooke" title="Marcia G. Cooke">Marcia G. Cooke</a><a href="#cite_note-175">[175]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Southern_District_of_Florida" title="United States District Court for the Southern District of Florida">United States District Court for the Southern District of Florida</a> (2004–2023) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Christopher_R._Cooper" title="Christopher R. Cooper">Christopher R. Cooper</a><a href="#cite_note-176">[176]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Columbia" title="United States District Court for the District of Columbia">United States District Court for the District of Columbia</a> (2014– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Clarence_Cooper_(judge)" title="Clarence Cooper (judge)">Clarence Cooper</a><a href="#cite_note-177">[177]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Georgia_Court_of_Appeals" title="Georgia Court of Appeals">Georgia Court of Appeals</a> (1990–1994); <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Northern_District_of_Georgia" title="United States District Court for the Northern District of Georgia">United States District Court for the Northern District of Georgia</a> (1994– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="Georgia (U.S. state)">Georgia</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>James P. Cooper III<a href="#cite_note-178">[178]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_County_Superior_Court" title="Los Angeles County Superior Court">Los Angeles County Superior Court</a> (Commissioner: 2020– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>LaDoris Cordell<a href="#cite_note-179">[179]</a> </td> <td>Santa Clara Municipal Court (1982–1988) Santa Clara County Superior Court (1988–2011) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Gerald Council<a href="#cite_note-180">[180]</a> </td> <td>Vicinage 7 Superior Court (1998–2015) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_Jersey" title="New Jersey">New Jersey</a> </td> <td>suspended </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Michelle_Williams_Court" title="Michelle Williams Court">Michelle Williams Court</a><a href="#cite_note-181">[181]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_County_Superior_Court" title="Los Angeles County Superior Court">Los Angeles County Superior Court</a> (2012–2024); <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Central_District_of_California" title="United States District Court for the Central District of California">United States District Court for the Central District of California</a> (2024– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Ronald K. Creighton<a href="#cite_note-182">[182]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Contra_Costa_County_Superior_Court" title="Contra Costa County Superior Court">Contra Costa County Superior Court</a> (Commissioner: 2004– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Waverly_D._Crenshaw_Jr." title="Waverly D. Crenshaw Jr.">Waverly D. Crenshaw Jr.</a><a href="#cite_note-183">[183]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Middle_District_of_Tennessee" title="United States District Court for the Middle District of Tennessee">United States District Court for the Middle District of Tennessee</a> (2016– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tennessee" title="Tennessee">Tennessee</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Kato_Crews" title="Kato Crews">Kato Crews</a><a href="#cite_note-184">[184]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Colorado" title="United States District Court for the District of Colorado">United States District Court for the District of Colorado</a> (2018– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Colorado" title="Colorado">Colorado</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Zina_Pickens_Cruse" title="Zina Pickens Cruse">Zina Pickens Cruse</a><a href="#cite_note-185">[185]</a> </td> <td>Illinois 20th Judicial Circuit (2009– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Raymond Dean Crutchley<a href="#cite_note-186">[186]</a> </td> <td>Deschutes County Circuit Court (2018– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Oregon" title="Oregon">Oregon</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Gordon Cuffy<a href="#cite_note-187">[187]</a> </td> <td>Onondaga County Court (2017– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Mark E. Cullers<a href="#cite_note-188">[188]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fresno_County_Superior_Court" title="Fresno County Superior Court">Fresno County Superior Court</a> (2015– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Taylor Culver<a href="#cite_note-189">[189]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alameda_County_Superior_Court" title="Alameda County Superior Court">Alameda County Superior Court</a> (Commissioner: 2005–2016) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>resigned </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_Cummings" title="Jeffrey Cummings">Jeffrey Cummings</a><a href="#cite_note-190">[190]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Northern_District_of_Illinois" title="United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois">United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois</a> (2019– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Tiffany_P._Cunningham" title="Tiffany P. Cunningham">Tiffany P. Cunningham</a><a href="#cite_note-191">[191]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Federal_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit</a> (2021– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Donald Cureton<a href="#cite_note-192">[192]</a> </td> <td>North Carolina District Court (2011–2018) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/North_Carolina" title="North Carolina">North Carolina</a> </td> <td>lost reelection </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Herbert Curtis<a href="#cite_note-193">[193]</a> </td> <td>Ventura County Municipal Court (1984–1998); <a href="/wiki/Ventura_County_Superior_Court" title="Ventura County Superior Court">Ventura County Superior Court</a> (1998–2007) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Angelita Dalton<a href="#cite_note-194">[194]</a> </td> <td>Davidson County Criminal Court (2017– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tennessee" title="Tennessee">Tennessee</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Jeremy_C._Daniel" title="Jeremy C. Daniel">Jeremy C. Daniel</a><a href="#cite_note-195">[195]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Northern_District_of_Illinois" title="United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois">United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois</a> (2023– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Wiley_Young_Daniel" title="Wiley Young Daniel">Wiley Young Daniel</a><a href="#cite_note-196">[196]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Colorado" title="United States District Court for the District of Colorado">United States District Court for the District of Colorado</a> (1995–2019) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Colorado" title="Colorado">Colorado</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/George_B._Daniels" title="George B. Daniels">George B. Daniels</a><a href="#cite_note-197">[197]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Southern_District_of_New_York" title="United States District Court for the Southern District of New York">United States District Court for the Southern District of New York</a> (2000– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Hayzel_Burton_Daniels" title="Hayzel Burton Daniels">Hayzel Burton Daniels</a><a href="#cite_note-198">[198]</a> </td> <td>Phoenix City Court (appt. 1965) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Arizona" title="Arizona">Arizona</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Beverly Daniels-Greenberg<a href="#cite_note-199">[199]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alameda_County_Superior_Court" title="Alameda County Superior Court">Alameda County Superior Court</a> (Commissioner: 1996–2003; Judge: 2003–2012) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>June Berry Darensburg<a href="#cite_note-200">[200]</a> </td> <td>Louisiana Twenty-Fourth Judicial District Court (2006– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Louisiana" title="Louisiana">Louisiana</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Elvin L. Davenport<a href="#cite_note-201">[201]</a> </td> <td>Jackson County Circuit Court (1970–1980) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">Missouri</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Horace A. Davenport<a href="#cite_note-202">[202]</a> </td> <td>Montgomery County Court (1975–2003) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>John L. Davidson<a href="#cite_note-203">[203]</a><a href="#cite_note-204">[204]</a> </td> <td>San Diego Municipal Court (1994–2010) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Andre_M._Davis" title="Andre M. Davis">Andre M. Davis</a><a href="#cite_note-Andre_Maurice_Davis-205">[205]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Maryland" title="United States District Court for the District of Maryland">United States District Court for the District of Maryland</a> (1995–2009); <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Fourth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit</a> (2009–2017) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland">Maryland</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Brian_J._Davis" title="Brian J. Davis">Brian J. Davis</a><a href="#cite_note-206">[206]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Middle_District_of_Florida" title="United States District Court for the Middle District of Florida">United States District Court for the Middle District of Florida</a> (2013– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Carlton G. Davis<a href="#cite_note-207">[207]</a><a href="#cite_note-208">[208]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Superior_Court_of_California_of_the_County_of_Sacramento" class="mw-redirect" title="Superior Court of California of the County of Sacramento">Sacramento County Superior Court</a> (Commissioner: 2017–2020; Judge 2020– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Dedra Davis<a href="#cite_note-209">[209]</a> </td> <td>Harris County District Court (2019– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Legrome_D._Davis" title="Legrome D. Davis">Legrome D. Davis</a><a href="#cite_note-210">[210]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_Pennsylvania" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania">United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania</a> (2002– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a> </td> <td>inactive </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Leland Davis III<a href="#cite_note-211">[211]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/San_Mateo_County_Superior_Court" title="San Mateo County Superior Court">San Mateo County Superior Court</a> (2010– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Michael_J._Davis" title="Michael J. Davis">Michael J. Davis</a><a href="#cite_note-212">[212]</a> </td> <td>Hennepin County Municipal Court (1983–1984); <a href="/wiki/Minnesota_District_Courts" class="mw-redirect" title="Minnesota District Courts">Fourth Judicial District of Minnesota</a> (1984–1994); <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Minnesota" title="United States District Court for the District of Minnesota">United States District Court for the District of Minnesota</a> (1994– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Minnesota" title="Minnesota">Minnesota</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Stephanie_D._Davis" title="Stephanie D. Davis">Stephanie D. Davis</a><a href="#cite_note-213">[213]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_Michigan" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan">United States District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan</a> (2016–2022); <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Sixth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit</a> (2022– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Michigan" title="Michigan">Michigan</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Terrye D. Davis<a href="#cite_note-214">[214]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Solano_County_Superior_Court" title="Solano County Superior Court">Solano County Superior Court</a> (Judge Pro Tem: 2009–2014; Judge: 2019– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Theodore Z. Davis<a href="#cite_note-215">[215]</a> </td> <td>Camden County Superior Court </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_Jersey" title="New Jersey">New Jersey</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Dawson_III" title="Joseph Dawson III">Joseph Dawson III</a><a href="#cite_note-216">[216]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_South_Carolina" title="United States District Court for the District of South Carolina">United States District Court for the District of South Carolina</a> (2020– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/South_Carolina" title="South Carolina">South Carolina</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Charles_Bernard_Day" title="Charles Bernard Day">Charles Bernard Day</a><a href="#cite_note-whgov_20100721-217">[217]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Maryland" title="United States District Court for the District of Maryland">United States District Court for the District of Maryland</a> (1997–2022) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland">Maryland</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>James Dean<a href="#cite_note-218">[218]</a> </td> <td>Monroe County Court (appt. 1888) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/LaShann_DeArcy_Hall" title="LaShann DeArcy Hall">LaShann DeArcy Hall</a><a href="#cite_note-219">[219]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_New_York" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York">United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York</a> (2015– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Leland G. Degrasse<a href="#cite_note-220">[220]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_Supreme_Court,_Appellate_Division" title="New York Supreme Court, Appellate Division">New York Appellate Division</a>, First Department (2008–2015) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Mercedes_Deiz" title="Mercedes Deiz">Mercedes Deiz</a><a href="#cite_note-221">[221]</a> </td> <td>Multnomah County Circuit Court (1972–1992) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Oregon" title="Oregon">Oregon</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Elisha Demerson<a href="#cite_note-222">[222]</a> </td> <td>Potter County Court (Commissioner: 1980–1986; Judge: 1986–1990) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> </td> <td>term ended </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Thomas Dickens<a href="#cite_note-223">[223]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_Supreme_Court" title="New York Supreme Court">New York State Supreme Court</a> (ret. 1984) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Ursula Jones Dickson<a href="#cite_note-224">[224]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alameda_County_Superior_Court" title="Alameda County Superior Court">Alameda County Superior Court</a> (2013– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Judith Nelson Dilday<a href="#cite_note-225">[225]</a> </td> <td>Massachusetts Probate and Family Court Circuit (1993–2009) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>William S. Diuguid<a href="#cite_note-:0-81">[81]</a> </td> <td>St. Louis Magistrates’ Court </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">Missouri</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Bernice_B._Donald" title="Bernice B. Donald">Bernice B. Donald</a><a href="#cite_note-226">[226]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Western_District_of_Tennessee" title="United States District Court for the Western District of Tennessee">United States District Court for the Western District of Tennessee</a> (1995–2011); <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Sixth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit</a> (2011–2023) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tennessee" title="Tennessee">Tennessee</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Earnestine Hunt Dorse<a href="#cite_note-:103-71">[71]</a><a href="#cite_note-227">[227]</a> </td> <td>Memphis City Court (1990–2019) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tennessee" title="Tennessee">Tennessee</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Dana_Douglas" title="Dana Douglas">Dana Douglas</a><a href="#cite_note-228">[228]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_Louisiana" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of Louisiana">United States District Court for the Eastern District of Louisiana</a> (2019–2022); <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Fifth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit</a> (2022– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Louisiana" title="Louisiana">Louisiana</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Michael_L._Douglas" title="Michael L. Douglas">Michael L. Douglas</a><a href="#cite_note-229">[229]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Nevada" title="Supreme Court of Nevada">Supreme Court of Nevada</a> (2004–2019) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nevada" title="Nevada">Nevada</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Willard H. Douglas Jr.<a href="#cite_note-230">[230]</a> </td> <td>Richmond Juvenile and Domestic Relations Court (appt. 1974) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Gershwin_A._Drain" title="Gershwin A. Drain">Gershwin A. Drain</a><a href="#cite_note-231">[231]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_Michigan" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan">United States District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan</a> (2012– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Michigan" title="Michigan">Michigan</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Melissa_R._DuBose" title="Melissa R. DuBose">Melissa R. DuBose</a><a href="#cite_note-232">[232]</a> </td> <td>Rhode Island District Court (2019– ); <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Rhode_Island" title="United States District Court for the District of Rhode Island">United States District Court for the District of Rhode Island</a> (2025– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rhode_Island" title="Rhode Island">Rhode Island</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Allyson_Kay_Duncan" class="mw-redirect" title="Allyson Kay Duncan">Allyson Kay Duncan</a><a href="#cite_note-233">[233]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Fourth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit">U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit</a> (2003–2019) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Robert_Morton_Duncan" title="Robert Morton Duncan">Robert Morton Duncan</a><a href="#cite_note-234">[234]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Ohio" title="Supreme Court of Ohio">Supreme Court of Ohio</a> (1969–1971); <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Armed_Forces" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces">United States Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces</a> (1971–1974); <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Southern_District_of_Ohio" title="United States District Court for the Southern District of Ohio">United States District Court for the Southern District of Ohio</a> (1974–1985) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a> </td> <td>decreased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Shauna Dunnings<a href="#cite_note-235">[235]</a> </td> <td>30th Circuit Court (2018– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Michigan" title="Michigan">Michigan</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Linda Marie Dunson<a href="#cite_note-236">[236]</a> </td> <td>Harris County District Court (2019– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Joseph E. Dyer<a href="#cite_note-237">[237]</a> </td> <td>New York Domestic Relations Court </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Anita_Earls" title="Anita Earls">Anita Earls</a><a href="#cite_note-238">[238]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/North_Carolina_Supreme_Court" title="North Carolina Supreme Court">Supreme Court of North Carolina</a> (2019– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/North_Carolina" title="North Carolina">North Carolina</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>George Edgecomb<a href="#cite_note-239">[239]</a> </td> <td>Hillsborough County Court (1973–1976) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Harry_T._Edwards" title="Harry T. Edwards">Harry T. Edwards</a><a href="#cite_note-240">[240]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_District_of_Columbia_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit</a> (1980– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Jerry_Edwards_Jr." title="Jerry Edwards Jr.">Jerry Edwards Jr.</a><a href="#cite_note-241">[241]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Western_District_of_Louisiana" title="United States District Court for the Western District of Louisiana">United States District Court for the Western District of Louisiana</a> (2023– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Louisiana" title="Louisiana">Louisiana</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Harry J. Elam<a href="#cite_note-242">[242]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Boston_Municipal_Court" title="Boston Municipal Court">Boston Municipal Court</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Sara_L._Ellis" title="Sara L. Ellis">Sara L. Ellis</a><a href="#cite_note-243">[243]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Northern_District_of_Illinois" title="United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois">United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois</a> (2013– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Christina Elmore<a href="#cite_note-244">[244]</a> </td> <td>17th Circuit Court (2019– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Michigan" title="Michigan">Michigan</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Morrison_C._England_Jr." title="Morrison C. England Jr.">Morrison C. England Jr.</a><a href="#cite_note-245">[245]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_California" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of California">United States District Court for the Eastern District of California</a> (2002–2024) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Richard_Erwin" title="Richard Erwin">Richard Erwin</a><a href="#cite_note-246">[246]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Middle_District_of_North_Carolina" title="United States District Court for the Middle District of North Carolina">United States District Court for the Middle District of North Carolina</a> (1980–2006) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/North_Carolina" title="North Carolina">North Carolina</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Stacy Boulware Eurie<a href="#cite_note-247">[247]</a><a href="#cite_note-248">[248]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Superior_Court_of_California_of_the_County_of_Sacramento" class="mw-redirect" title="Superior Court of California of the County of Sacramento">Sacramento County Superior Court</a> (2007–2022) Third District Court of Appeal (2022– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Kelli_Evans" title="Kelli Evans">Kelli Evans</a><a href="#cite_note-249">[249]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_California" title="Supreme Court of California">California Supreme Court</a> (2023– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Stephen Everett<a href="#cite_note-250">[250]</a> </td> <td>Florida Second Judicial Circuit (2019– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Charles S. Farmer<a href="#cite_note-251">[251]</a> </td> <td>Detroit Common Pleas Court (1961–1965); Wayne County Circuit Court (elec. 1965) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Michigan" title="Michigan">Michigan</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Walter M. Farmer<a href="#cite_note-252">[252]</a> </td> <td>St. Louis Municipal Court </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">Missouri</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Charlye_O._Farris" title="Charlye O. Farris">Charlye O. Farris</a><a href="#cite_note-253">[253]</a> </td> <td>Special Wichita County Court (appt. 1954); Texas 78th District Court (1973) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Jerome_Farris" class="mw-redirect" title="Joseph Jerome Farris">Joseph Jerome Farris</a><a href="#cite_note-Andre_Maurice_Davis-205">[205]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Ninth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit</a> (1979–2020) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Washington_(state)" title="Washington (state)">Washington</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Henry C. Ferguson<a href="#cite_note-254">[254]</a> </td> <td>Chicago Municipal Court (elec. 1951) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Marshall Ferguson<a href="#cite_note-:8-27">[27]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/King_County_Superior_Court" title="King County Superior Court">King County Superior Court</a> (2018– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Washington_(state)" title="Washington (state)">Washington</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Wilkie_D._Ferguson" title="Wilkie D. Ferguson">Wilkie D. Ferguson</a><a href="#cite_note-255">[255]</a> </td> <td>Florida Industrial Claims Court (1973–1977); 11th Judicial Circuit Court of Florida (1977–1981); Florida Third District Court of Appeal (1980–1993); <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Southern_District_of_Florida" title="United States District Court for the Southern District of Florida">United States District Court for the Southern District of Florida</a> (1993–2003) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Arthur S. Fickling<a href="#cite_note-256">[256]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/District_of_Columbia_Court_of_Appeals" title="District of Columbia Court of Appeals">District of Columbia Court of Appeals</a> (1968–1977) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Bernard R. Fielding Sr.<a href="#cite_note-257">[257]</a> </td> <td>Charleston County Probate Court (1976–1995) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/South_Carolina" title="South Carolina">South Carolina</a> </td> <td>lost reelection </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Richard Fields<a href="#cite_note-258">[258]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Riverside_County_Superior_Court" title="Riverside County Superior Court">Riverside County Superior Court</a> (Commissioner: 1991–2000; Judge: 2000–2017); California Fourth Appellate District (2017– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Richard E. Fields<a href="#cite_note-259">[259]</a> </td> <td>Charleston Municipal Court (1969–1980); South Carolina Circuit Court (1980–1992) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/South_Carolina" title="South Carolina">South Carolina</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Kelvin D. Filer<a href="#cite_note-260">[260]</a> </td> <td>Los Angeles Municipal Court (Commissioner: 1993–2002); <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_County_Superior_Court" title="Los Angeles County Superior Court">Los Angeles County Superior Court</a> (2002– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Toria J. Finch<a href="#cite_note-NPR.org-261">[261]</a> </td> <td>Harris County Criminal Court at Law No. 9 (2019– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Ernest_A._Finney_Jr." title="Ernest A. Finney Jr.">Ernest A. Finney Jr.</a><a href="#cite_note-262">[262]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/South_Carolina_Supreme_Court" title="South Carolina Supreme Court">Supreme Court of South Carolina</a> (1985–2000) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/South_Carolina" title="South Carolina">South Carolina</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Arthur O. Fisher<a href="#cite_note-263">[263]</a> </td> <td>Dayton Municipal Court (1961–1970); Montgomery County Common Pleas Court (Domestic Relations) (elec. 1970) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Judith D. Ford<a href="#cite_note-264">[264]</a> </td> <td>Alameda County Municipal Court (1982–1998); <a href="/wiki/Alameda_County_Superior_Court" title="Alameda County Superior Court">Alameda County Superior Court</a> (1998–2002) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Arthur Fisher<a href="#cite_note-265">[265]</a> </td> <td>Dayton Municipal Court (1961–1970); Montgomery County Common Pleas Court (1970–1994) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Lewis S. Flagg Jr.<a href="#cite_note-266">[266]</a> </td> <td>Brooklyn Municipal Court (elect. 1953) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>James C. Flanigan<a href="#cite_note-267">[267]</a> </td> <td>Denver District Court (elec. 1964) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Colorado" title="Colorado">Colorado</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Charles_E._Fleming" title="Charles E. Fleming">Charles E. Fleming</a><a href="#cite_note-268">[268]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Northern_District_of_Ohio" title="United States District Court for the Northern District of Ohio">United States District Court for the Northern District of Ohio</a> (2022– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Andrea Flint<a href="#cite_note-269">[269]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Santa_Clara_County_Superior_Court" title="Santa Clara County Superior Court">Santa Clara County Superior Court</a> (2010– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Marquette Floyd<a href="#cite_note-270">[270]</a> </td> <td>Suffolk District Court (1969–1989); <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_New_York" class="mw-redirect" title="Supreme Court of New York">Supreme Court of New York</a> (appt. 1989) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Maurice_B._Foley" title="Maurice B. Foley">Maurice B. Foley</a><a href="#cite_note-271">[271]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Tax_Court" title="United States Tax Court">United States Tax Court</a> (1995–2010); (2011– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Geraldine Bledsoe Ford<a href="#cite_note-272">[272]</a> </td> <td>Michigan Recorder's Court (1966–1998) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Michigan" title="Michigan">Michigan</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Thomas_Fowlkes_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="John Thomas Fowlkes Jr.">John Thomas Fowlkes Jr.</a><a href="#cite_note-273">[273]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Western_District_of_Tennessee" title="United States District Court for the Western District of Tennessee">United States District Court for the Western District of Tennessee</a> (2012– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tennessee" title="Tennessee">Tennessee</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Ramona Franklin<a href="#cite_note-274">[274]</a> </td> <td>Harris County District Court (2019– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Robert V. Franklin Jr.<a href="#cite_note-275">[275]</a> </td> <td>Toledo Municipal Court (appt. 1960); Lucas County Common Pleas Court (appt. 1968) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Maame_Ewusi-Mensah_Frimpong" title="Maame Ewusi-Mensah Frimpong">Maame Ewusi-Mensah Frimpong</a><a href="#cite_note-276">[276]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_County_Superior_Court" title="Los Angeles County Superior Court">Los Angeles County Superior Court</a> (2015–2021); <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Central_District_of_California" title="United States District Court for the Central District of California">United States District Court for the Central District of California</a> (2021– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Shannon Frison<a href="#cite_note-277">[277]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Superior_Court" title="Massachusetts Superior Court">Massachusetts Superior Court</a> (2013– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Arianna_J._Freeman" title="Arianna J. Freeman">Arianna J. Freeman</a><a href="#cite_note-278">[278]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Third_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit</a> (2022– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Charles_E._Freeman" title="Charles E. Freeman">Charles E. Freeman</a><a href="#cite_note-279">[279]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cook_County,_Illinois" title="Cook County, Illinois">Cook County</a> <a href="/wiki/Circuit_Court" class="mw-redirect" title="Circuit Court">Circuit Court</a> (1976–1986); <a href="/wiki/Illinois_Supreme_Court" class="mw-redirect" title="Illinois Supreme Court">Illinois Supreme Court</a> (1990–2018) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Juanita Freeman<a href="#cite_note-280">[280]</a> </td> <td>Minnesota Tenth Judicial District (2018– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Minnesota" title="Minnesota">Minnesota</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Teneka Frost<a href="#cite_note-281">[281]</a> </td> <td>Schenectady City Court (2018– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Henry_Frye" title="Henry Frye">Henry Frye</a><a href="#cite_note-282">[282]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/North_Carolina_Supreme_Court" title="North Carolina Supreme Court">North Carolina Supreme Court</a> (1983–2001) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/North_Carolina" title="North Carolina">North Carolina</a> </td> <td>term ended </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Fernando_J._Gaitan_Jr." title="Fernando J. Gaitan Jr.">Fernando J. Gaitan Jr.</a><a href="#cite_note-283">[283]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Western_District_of_Missouri" title="United States District Court for the Western District of Missouri">United States District Court for the Western District of Missouri</a> (1991– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">Missouri</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Leslie_Abrams_Gardner" title="Leslie Abrams Gardner">Leslie Abrams Gardner</a><a href="#cite_note-284">[284]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Middle_District_of_Georgia" title="United States District Court for the Middle District of Georgia">United States District Court for the Middle District of Georgia</a> (2014– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="Georgia (U.S. state)">Georgia</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Sherilyn_Peace_Garnett" title="Sherilyn Peace Garnett">Sherilyn Peace Garnett</a><a href="#cite_note-285">[285]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_County_Superior_Court" title="Los Angeles County Superior Court">Los Angeles County Superior Court</a> (2014–2022); <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Central_District_of_California" title="United States District Court for the Central District of California">United States District Court for the Central District of California</a> (2022– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Carla Garrett<a href="#cite_note-286">[286]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_County_Superior_Court" title="Los Angeles County Superior Court">Los Angeles County Superior Court</a> (2020– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Ramona Garrett<a href="#cite_note-287">[287]</a> </td> <td>Solano County Municipal Court (1992–1997); <a href="/wiki/Solano_County_Superior_Court" title="Solano County Superior Court">Solano County Superior Court</a> (1997–2015) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Darrin_P._Gayles" title="Darrin P. Gayles">Darrin P. Gayles</a><a href="#cite_note-288">[288]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Southern_District_of_Florida" title="United States District Court for the Southern District of Florida">United States District Court for the Southern District of Florida</a> (2014– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>John D. Geathers<a href="#cite_note-289">[289]</a> </td> <td>South Carolina Court of Appeals (2008– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/South_Carolina" title="South Carolina">South Carolina</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Albert B. George<a href="#cite_note-290">[290]</a> </td> <td>Illinois Municipal Courts (elec. 1924) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Mifflin_Wistar_Gibbs" title="Mifflin Wistar Gibbs">Mifflin Wistar Gibbs</a><a href="#cite_note-291">[291]</a> </td> <td>Little Rock Police Court (1873–1875) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas">Arkansas</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_F._Gibson" title="Benjamin F. Gibson">Benjamin F. Gibson</a><a href="#cite_note-292">[292]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Western_District_of_Michigan" title="United States District Court for the Western District of Michigan">United States District Court for the Western District of Michigan</a> (1979–1999) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Michigan" title="Michigan">Michigan</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/James_T._Giles" title="James T. Giles">James T. Giles</a><a href="#cite_note-293">[293]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_Pennsylvania" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania">United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania</a> (1979–2008) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Patricia_Tolliver_Giles" title="Patricia Tolliver Giles">Patricia Tolliver Giles</a><a href="#cite_note-294">[294]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_Virginia" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia">United States District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia</a> (2021– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Earl_Ben_Gilliam" title="Earl Ben Gilliam">Earl Ben Gilliam</a><a href="#cite_note-295">[295]</a> </td> <td>San Diego Municipal Court (1963–1975); <a href="/wiki/San_Diego_County_Superior_Court" title="San Diego County Superior Court">San Diego County Superior Court</a> (1975–1980); <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Southern_District_of_California" title="United States District Court for the Southern District of California">United States District Court for the Southern District of California</a> (1980–2001) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Haywood_Gilliam" title="Haywood Gilliam">Haywood Gilliam</a><a href="#cite_note-296">[296]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Northern_District_of_California" title="United States District Court for the Northern District of California">United States District Court for the Northern District of California</a> (2014– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Vanessa_Gilmore" title="Vanessa Gilmore">Vanessa Gilmore</a><a href="#cite_note-297">[297]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Southern_District_of_Texas" title="United States District Court for the Southern District of Texas">United States District Court for the Southern District of Texas</a> (1994–2022) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Walter_H._Gladwin" class="mw-redirect" title="Walter H. Gladwin">Walter H. Gladwin</a><a href="#cite_note-298">[298]</a> </td> <td>Bronx Criminal Court </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Luther T. Glanton Jr.<a href="#cite_note-299">[299]</a> </td> <td>Des Moines Municipal Court (1958–1973); Iowa District Court (1973–1985) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa">Iowa</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Robert_D._Glass" title="Robert D. Glass">Robert D. Glass</a><a href="#cite_note-300">[300]</a> </td> <td>Waterbury Superior Court (1978–1987); Supreme Court of Connecticut (1987–1992) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Connecticut" title="Connecticut">Connecticut</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Carmen Julia Lynn Goodman<a href="#cite_note-301">[301]</a> </td> <td>Illinois Twelfth Circuit Court (2007– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Edward_Gourdin" title="Edward Gourdin">Edward Gourdin</a><a href="#cite_note-302">[302]</a> </td> <td>Roxbury District Court (1951–1958); <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Superior_Court" title="Massachusetts Superior Court">Massachusetts Superior Court</a> (1958–1966) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Donald_L._Graham" title="Donald L. Graham">Donald L. Graham</a><a href="#cite_note-303">[303]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Southern_District_of_Florida" title="United States District Court for the Southern District of Florida">United States District Court for the Southern District of Florida</a> (1991– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Cy A. Grant Sr.<a href="#cite_note-304">[304]</a> </td> <td>North Carolina District 6B Court (appt. 1989) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/North_Carolina" title="North Carolina">North Carolina</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/James_E._Graves_Jr." title="James E. Graves Jr.">James E. Graves Jr.</a><a href="#cite_note-305">[305]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Mississippi" title="Supreme Court of Mississippi">Mississippi Supreme Court</a> (2001–2011); <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Fifth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit</a> (2011– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mississippi" title="Mississippi">Mississippi</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Angela Graves-Harrington<a href="#cite_note-306">[306]</a> </td> <td>246th District Court, Harris County (2019– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Shauna Graves-Robertson<a href="#cite_note-307">[307]</a> </td> <td>Salt Lake County Justice Court (1990– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Utah" title="Utah">Utah</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Lori Chambers Gray<a href="#cite_note-308">[308]</a> </td> <td>Texas 262nd District Court (2019– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Clifford_Scott_Green" title="Clifford Scott Green">Clifford Scott Green</a><a href="#cite_note-309">[309]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania_courts_of_common_pleas" title="Pennsylvania courts of common pleas">Court of Common Pleas of Philadelphia County</a> (1964–1971); <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_Pennsylvania" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania">United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania</a> (1971–2007) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Nathaniel Green Jr.<a href="#cite_note-:8-27">[27]</a><a href="#cite_note-310">[310]</a> </td> <td>King County District Court (2011– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Washington_(state)" title="Washington (state)">Washington</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Samuel L. Green<a href="#cite_note-311">[311]</a> </td> <td>Buffalo City Court (1973–1978); <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_New_York" class="mw-redirect" title="Supreme Court of New York">Supreme Court of New York</a> (1978–2016) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Joseph_A._Greenaway_Jr." title="Joseph A. Greenaway Jr.">Joseph A. Greenaway Jr.</a><a href="#cite_note-Joseph_A._Greenaway_Jr-312">[312]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_New_Jersey" title="United States District Court for the District of New Jersey">United States District Court for the District of New Jersey</a> (1996–2010); <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Third_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit</a> (2010–2023) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_Jersey" title="New Jersey">New Jersey</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Clayton_Greene_Jr." title="Clayton Greene Jr.">Clayton Greene Jr.</a><a href="#cite_note-313">[313]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Maryland_Court_of_Appeals" class="mw-redirect" title="Maryland Court of Appeals">Maryland Court of Appeals</a> (2004–2019) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland">Maryland</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>George Greene<a href="#cite_note-314">[314]</a> </td> <td>Wake County Court (1974–1995) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/North_Carolina" title="North Carolina">North Carolina</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Roger_Gregory" title="Roger Gregory">Roger Gregory</a><a href="#cite_note-greenfieldreporter.com-150">[150]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Fourth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit</a> (2000– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_J._C._Grey" title="Jonathan J. C. Grey">Jonathan J. C. Grey</a><a href="#cite_note-315">[315]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_Michigan" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan">United States District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan</a> (2021– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Michigan" title="Michigan">Michigan</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Maurice W. Grey<a href="#cite_note-:0-81">[81]</a> </td> <td>New York City Magistrates' Court </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Thomas L. Griffith<a href="#cite_note-316">[316]</a> </td> <td>Los Angeles Municipal Court (1953–1968); <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_County_Superior_Court" title="Los Angeles County Superior Court">Los Angeles Superior Court</a> (1968–1972) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Lydia_Kay_Griggsby" class="mw-redirect" title="Lydia Kay Griggsby">Lydia Kay Griggsby</a><a href="#cite_note-317">[317]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Federal_Claims" title="United States Court of Federal Claims">United States Court of Federal Claims</a> (2014–2021); <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Maryland" title="United States District Court for the District of Maryland">United States District Court for the District of Maryland</a> (2021– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland">Maryland</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Hubert Grimes<a href="#cite_note-318">[318]</a> </td> <td>Florida 7th Judicial Circuit (1999–2013) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Stephanie Grogan Jones<a href="#cite_note-319">[319]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Solano_County_Superior_Court" title="Solano County Superior Court">Solano County Superior Court</a> (2019– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Pamela Gutierrez<a href="#cite_note-320">[320]</a> </td> <td>Maricopa County Justice of the Peace (2003–2007) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alabama" title="Alabama">Alabama</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Addeliar Dell Guy<a href="#cite_note-321">[321]</a> </td> <td>Nevada Eighth Judicial District Court (1975–1996) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nevada" title="Nevada">Nevada</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Ancer_L._Haggerty" title="Ancer L. Haggerty">Ancer L. Haggerty</a><a href="#cite_note-322">[322]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Multnomah_County,_Oregon" title="Multnomah County, Oregon">Multnomah County</a> District Court (1989–1990); Multnomah County Circuit Court (1990–1993); <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Oregon" title="United States District Court for the District of Oregon">United States District Court for the District of Oregon</a> (1994–2009) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Oregon" title="Oregon">Oregon</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Amos T. Hall<a href="#cite_note-323">[323]</a> </td> <td>Tulsa County District Court (1969–1971) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Oklahoma" title="Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Phyllis_J._Hamilton" title="Phyllis J. Hamilton">Phyllis J. Hamilton</a><a href="#cite_note-324">[324]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/U.S._District_Court_for_the_Northern_District_of_California" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California">U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California</a> (2001– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/George_C._Hanks_Jr." title="George C. Hanks Jr.">George C. Hanks Jr.</a><a href="#cite_note-325">[325]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Southern_District_of_Texas" title="United States District Court for the Southern District of Texas">United States District Court for the Southern District of Texas</a> (2015– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Brenda Harbin-Forte<a href="#cite_note-326">[326]</a> </td> <td>Alameda County Municipal Court (1992–1998); <a href="/wiki/Alameda_County_Superior_Court" title="Alameda County Superior Court">Alameda County Superior Court</a> (1998–2019) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Eddie Hardaway Jr.<a href="#cite_note-327">[327]</a> </td> <td>Alabama Seventeenth Judicial District (1995– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alabama" title="Alabama">Alabama</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Lisa White Hardwick<a href="#cite_note-328">[328]</a> </td> <td>Missouri 16th Judicial Circuit (2000); <a href="/wiki/Missouri_Court_of_Appeals" title="Missouri Court of Appeals">Missouri Court of Appeals</a> (2001– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">Missouri</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Richard Harewood<a href="#cite_note-329">[329]</a> </td> <td>Superior Court of Cook County (c. 1960) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/John_R._Hargrove_Sr." title="John R. Hargrove Sr.">John R. Hargrove Sr.</a><a href="#cite_note-330">[330]</a> </td> <td>District Court of Maryland for Baltimore City (1968–1974); Supreme Bench of Baltimore City (1974–1984); <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Maryland" title="United States District Court for the District of Maryland">United States District Court for the District of Maryland</a> (1984–1997) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland">Maryland</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Lubbie_Harper_Jr." title="Lubbie Harper Jr.">Lubbie Harper Jr.</a><a href="#cite_note-331">[331]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Connecticut_Superior_Court" title="Connecticut Superior Court">Connecticut Superior Court</a> (1997–2005); <a href="/wiki/Connecticut_Appellate_Court" title="Connecticut Appellate Court">Connecticut Appellate Court</a> (2005–2011); <a href="/wiki/Connecticut_Supreme_Court" title="Connecticut Supreme Court">Connecticut Supreme Court</a> (2011–2012) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Connecticut" title="Connecticut">Connecticut</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Nathaniel R. Harper<a href="#cite_note-332">[332]</a> </td> <td>Louisville Court (appt. 1888) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky">Kentucky</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Kevin D. Harrell<a href="#cite_note-333">[333]</a> </td> <td>16th Judicial Circuit Court (2012– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">Missouri</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Jeffrey L. Harris<a href="#cite_note-334">[334]</a><a href="#cite_note-335">[335]</a> </td> <td>Iowa District Court (1997–2021) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa">Iowa</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Jesse S. Harris<a href="#cite_note-336">[336]</a> </td> <td>District Court of Tulsa County (ret. 2014) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Oklahoma" title="Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>John W. Harvey<a href="#cite_note-:0-81">[81]</a> </td> <td>St. Louis Court </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">Missouri</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Leroy_R._Hassell_Sr." title="Leroy R. Hassell Sr.">Leroy R. Hassell Sr.</a><a href="#cite_note-337">[337]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Virginia" title="Supreme Court of Virginia">Supreme Court of Virginia</a> (1989–2011) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/William_H._Hastie" title="William H. Hastie">William H. Hastie</a><a href="#cite_note-338">[338]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/District_Court_of_the_Virgin_Islands" title="District Court of the Virgin Islands">United States District Court of the Virgin Islands</a> (1937–1939); <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Third_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit</a> (1949–1976) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Virgin_Islands" title="United States Virgin Islands">United States Virgin Islands</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Alcee_Hastings" title="Alcee Hastings">Alcee Hastings</a><a href="#cite_note-339">[339]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Florida_circuit_courts" class="mw-redirect" title="Florida circuit courts">17th Judicial Circuit Court of Florida</a> (1977–1979); <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Southern_District_of_Florida" title="United States District Court for the Southern District of Florida">United States District Court for the Southern District of Florida</a> (1979–1989) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a> </td> <td>impeached </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Joseph_W._Hatchett" title="Joseph W. Hatchett">Joseph W. Hatchett</a><a href="#cite_note-340">[340]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Florida" title="Supreme Court of Florida">Supreme Court of Florida</a> (1975–1979); <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Fifth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit</a> (1979–1981); <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Eleventh_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit</a> (1981–1999) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Terry_J._Hatter_Jr." title="Terry J. Hatter Jr.">Terry J. Hatter Jr.</a><a href="#cite_note-341">[341]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_County_Superior_Court" title="Los Angeles County Superior Court">Los Angeles Superior Court</a> (1977–1980); <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Central_District_of_California" title="United States District Court for the Central District of California">United States District Court for the Central District of California</a> (1980– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>inactive </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/William_Joseph_Haynes_Jr." title="William Joseph Haynes Jr.">William Joseph Haynes Jr.</a><a href="#cite_note-342">[342]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Middle_District_of_Tennessee" title="United States District Court for the Middle District of Tennessee">United States District Court for the Middle District of Tennessee</a> (1984–2017) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tennessee" title="Tennessee">Tennessee</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/George_J._Hazel" title="George J. Hazel">George J. Hazel</a><a href="#cite_note-343">[343]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Maryland" title="United States District Court for the District of Maryland">United States District Court for the District of Maryland</a> (2014–2023) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland">Maryland</a> </td> <td>resigned </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Harry Hazelwood<a href="#cite_note-344">[344]</a> </td> <td>Newark Magistrates’ Court </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_Jersey" title="New Jersey">New Jersey</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Elliott Heard Jr.<a href="#cite_note-345">[345]</a> </td> <td>Gloucester County Court (1984–1991) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_Jersey" title="New Jersey">New Jersey</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Wanda Keyes Heard<a href="#cite_note-346">[346]</a> </td> <td>Baltimore City Circuit Court, 8th Judicial Circuit (1999–2019) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland">Maryland</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Thelton_Henderson" title="Thelton Henderson">Thelton Henderson</a><a href="#cite_note-347">[347]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Northern_District_of_California" title="United States District Court for the Northern District of California">United States District Court for the Northern District of California</a> (1980– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>inactive </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/William_J._Hibbler" title="William J. Hibbler">William J. Hibbler</a><a href="#cite_note-348">[348]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Illinois_circuit_courts" title="Illinois circuit courts">Illinois Circuit Court, Cook County</a> (1986–1999); <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Northern_District_of_Illinois" title="United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois">United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois</a> (1999–2012) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/A._Leon_Higginbotham_Jr." title="A. Leon Higginbotham Jr.">A. Leon Higginbotham Jr.</a><a href="#cite_note-349">[349]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_Pennsylvania" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania">United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania</a> (1964–1977); <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Third_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit</a> (1977–1991); <a href="/wiki/United_States_Foreign_Intelligence_Surveillance_Court_of_Review" title="United States Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court of Review">United States Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court of Review</a> (1979–1986); <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Third_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit</a> (1990–1993) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Paul_B._Higginbotham" title="Paul B. Higginbotham">Paul B. Higginbotham</a><a href="#cite_note-newspapers.com-115">[115]</a> </td> <td>Madison Municipal Court (1992–1994); Dane County Superior Court (1994–2003); <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Court_of_Appeals" title="Wisconsin Court of Appeals">Wisconsin Court of Appeals</a> (2003–2017) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin" title="Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Kellie Hill<a href="#cite_note-350">[350]</a><a href="#cite_note-351">[351]</a> </td> <td>Cobb County’s Magistrate Court (2016–2020) Superior Court (2021– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="Georgia (U.S. state)">Georgia</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Geraldine_Hines" title="Geraldine Hines">Geraldine Hines</a><a href="#cite_note-352">[352]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Superior_Court" title="Massachusetts Superior Court">Massachusetts Superior Court</a> (2001–2013); <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Appeals_Court" title="Massachusetts Appeals Court">Massachusetts Appeals Court</a> (2013–2014); <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Supreme_Judicial_Court" title="Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court">Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court</a> (2014–2017) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Kelley_B._Hodge" title="Kelley B. Hodge">Kelley B. Hodge</a><a href="#cite_note-353">[353]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_Pennsylvania" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania">United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania</a> (2022– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Lisa_Holder_White" title="Lisa Holder White">Lisa Holder White</a><a href="#cite_note-354">[354]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Illinois_circuit_courts" title="Illinois circuit courts">Illinois Sixth Judcicial Circuit Court</a> (2001–2013); <a href="/wiki/Illinois_Appellate_Court#Fourth_District" title="Illinois Appellate Court">Illinois Fourth District Appellate Court</a> (2013–2022); <a href="/wiki/Illinois_Supreme_Court" class="mw-redirect" title="Illinois Supreme Court">Illinois Supreme Court</a> (2022– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Cassandra Y. Holleman<a href="#cite_note-355">[355]</a> </td> <td>Harris County Criminal Court at Law Texas No. 12 (2019) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Jerome_A._Holmes" class="mw-redirect" title="Jerome A. Holmes">Jerome A. Holmes</a><a href="#cite_note-356">[356]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Tenth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit</a> (2006– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Oklahoma" title="Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Sharon Holmes<a href="#cite_note-357">[357]</a> </td> <td>Tulsa County District Court (2014– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Oklahoma" title="Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Charlene_Honeywell" class="mw-redirect" title="Charlene Honeywell">Charlene Honeywell</a><a href="#cite_note-358">[358]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Middle_District_of_Florida" title="United States District Court for the Middle District of Florida">United States District Court for the Middle District of Florida</a> (2009– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Denise_Page_Hood" title="Denise Page Hood">Denise Page Hood</a><a href="#cite_note-359">[359]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_Michigan" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan">United States District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan</a> (1994– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Michigan" title="Michigan">Michigan</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Hooks" title="Benjamin Hooks">Benjamin Hooks</a><a href="#cite_note-360">[360]</a> </td> <td>Shelby County Criminal Court (appt. 1965) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tennessee" title="Tennessee">Tennessee</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Jeffery_P._Hopkins" title="Jeffery P. Hopkins">Jeffery P. Hopkins</a><a href="#cite_note-361">[361]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Southern_District_of_Ohio" title="United States District Court for the Southern District of Ohio">United States District Court for the Southern District of Ohio</a> (1997– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Odell_Horton" title="Odell Horton">Odell Horton</a><a href="#cite_note-362">[362]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Western_District_of_Tennessee" title="United States District Court for the Western District of Tennessee">United States District Court for the Western District of Tennessee</a> (1980–2006) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tennessee" title="Tennessee">Tennessee</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Michele_D._Hotten" title="Michele D. Hotten">Michele D. Hotten</a><a href="#cite_note-363">[363]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Maryland_Court_of_Special_Appeals" class="mw-redirect" title="Maryland Court of Special Appeals">Maryland Court of Special Appeals</a> (2010–2015); <a href="/wiki/Maryland_Court_of_Appeals" class="mw-redirect" title="Maryland Court of Appeals">Maryland Court of Appeals</a> (2015–2024) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland">Maryland</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/John_A._Houston" title="John A. Houston">John A. Houston</a><a href="#cite_note-364">[364]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Southern_District_of_California" title="United States District Court for the Southern District of California">United States District Court for the Southern District of California</a> (2003– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Andrew J. Howard<a href="#cite_note-:0-81">[81]</a> </td> <td>District of Columbia Municipal Court </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/George_Howard_Jr." title="George Howard Jr.">George Howard Jr.</a><a href="#cite_note-365">[365]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Arkansas_Supreme_Court" title="Arkansas Supreme Court">Arkansas Supreme Court</a> (1977–1979); <a href="/wiki/Arkansas_Court_of_Appeals" title="Arkansas Court of Appeals">Arkansas Court of Appeals</a> (1977–1980); <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Western_District_of_Pennsylvania" title="United States District Court for the Western District of Pennsylvania">United States District Court for the Western District of Arkansas</a> (1980–1990); <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_Arkansas" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas">United States District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas</a> (1980–2007) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas">Arkansas</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>John A. Howard<a href="#cite_note-366">[366]</a> </td> <td>Elyria Municipal Court (1985–1998) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Joseph_C._Howard_Sr." title="Joseph C. Howard Sr.">Joseph C. Howard Sr.</a><a href="#cite_note-367">[367]</a> </td> <td>Supreme Bench of Baltimore City (1968–1979); <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Maryland" title="United States District Court for the District of Maryland">United States District Court for the District of Maryland</a> (1991–2000) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland">Maryland</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Karen Aileen Howze<a href="#cite_note-368">[368]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Superior_Court_of_the_District_of_Columbia" title="Superior Court of the District of Columbia">Superior Court of the District of Columbia</a> (Magistrate Judge: appt. 2002) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_M._Hoyt" title="Kenneth M. Hoyt">Kenneth M. Hoyt</a><a href="#cite_note-369">[369]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Southern_District_of_Texas" title="United States District Court for the Southern District of Texas">United States District Court for the Southern District of Texas</a> (1988– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Mabel_Houze_Hubbard" title="Mabel Houze Hubbard">Mabel H. Hubbard</a><a href="#cite_note-370">[370]</a> </td> <td>District Court of Maryland for Baltimore City (1981–1985); Circuit Court for Baltimore City (1985–1999) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland">Maryland</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Natalie_Hudson" title="Natalie Hudson">Natalie Hudson</a><a href="#cite_note-MPR-371">[371]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Minnesota_Court_of_Appeals" title="Minnesota Court of Appeals">Minnesota Court of Appeals</a> (2002–2015); <a href="/wiki/Minnesota_Supreme_Court" title="Minnesota Supreme Court">Minnesota Supreme Court</a> (2015– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Minnesota" title="Minnesota">Minnesota</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/William_C._Hueston" class="mw-redirect" title="William C. Hueston">William Clarence Hueston Sr.</a><a href="#cite_note-372">[372]</a> </td> <td>Gary Magistrate Court (appt. 1924) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Indiana" title="Indiana">Indiana</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Rufus C. Huffman Sr.<a href="#cite_note-373">[373]</a> </td> <td>Bullock County Probate Court (1976–1994) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alabama" title="Alabama">Alabama</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Norma S. Huggins<a href="#cite_note-374">[374]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/King_County_Superior_Court" title="King County Superior Court">King County Superior Court</a> (1983–2000) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Washington_(state)" title="Washington (state)">Washington</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Erica Hughes<a href="#cite_note-375">[375]</a> </td> <td>Harris County Criminal Court at Law No. 3 (2019– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Hulett" title="John Hulett">John Hulett</a><a href="#cite_note-376">[376]</a> </td> <td>Lowndes County Probate Court </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alabama" title="Alabama">Alabama</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/LaShonda_A._Hunt" title="LaShonda A. Hunt">LaShonda A. Hunt</a><a href="#cite_note-377">[377]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Northern_District_of_Illinois" title="United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois">United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois</a> (2023– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Clay E. Hunter<a href="#cite_note-378">[378]</a> </td> <td>Canton Municipal Court </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Robert B. Hutson<a href="#cite_note-379">[379]</a> </td> <td>Orange County Superior Court (1982–2010) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Herbert_J._Hutton" title="Herbert J. Hutton">Herbert J. Hutton</a><a href="#cite_note-380">[380]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_Pennsylvania" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania">United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania</a> (1988–2007) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Todd D. Irby<a href="#cite_note-381">[381]</a><a href="#cite_note-382">[382]</a> </td> <td>Placer County Superior Court (Commissioner: 2017–2018; Judge 2018– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Roderick_L._Ireland" title="Roderick L. Ireland">Roderick L. Ireland</a><a href="#cite_note-383">[383]</a> </td> <td>Boston Juvenile Court (1977–1990); <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Court_of_Appeals" class="mw-redirect" title="Massachusetts Court of Appeals">Massachusetts Court of Appeals</a> (1990–1997); <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Supreme_Judicial_Court" title="Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court">Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court</a> (1997–2014) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Earlean Isaac<a href="#cite_note-384">[384]</a> </td> <td>Greene County Probate Court (1989–2016) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alabama" title="Alabama">Alabama</a> </td> <td>resigned </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Brian_Anthony_Jackson" class="mw-redirect" title="Brian Anthony Jackson">Brian Anthony Jackson</a><a href="#cite_note-385">[385]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Middle_District_of_Louisiana" title="United States District Court for the Middle District of Louisiana">United States District Court for the Middle District of Louisiana</a> (2010– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Louisiana" title="Louisiana">Louisiana</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Carol_E._Jackson" title="Carol E. Jackson">Carol E. Jackson</a><a href="#cite_note-386">[386]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_Missouri" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of Missouri">United States District Court for the Eastern District of Missouri</a> (1992–2017) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">Missouri</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Harrison S. Jackson<a href="#cite_note-387">[387]</a> </td> <td>New York City Court </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Ketanji_Brown_Jackson" title="Ketanji Brown Jackson">Ketanji Brown Jackson</a><a href="#cite_note-388">[388]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Columbia" title="United States District Court for the District of Columbia">United States District Court for the District of Columbia</a> (2013–2021); <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_District_of_Columbia" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia">United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia</a> (2021–2022); <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Supreme Court of the United States">Supreme Court of the United States</a> (2022– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Maria T. Jackson<a href="#cite_note-389">[389]</a><a href="#cite_note-390">[390]</a> </td> <td>339th State District Court (2009–2019) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> </td> <td>resigned to seek for another office </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Perry_B._Jackson" title="Perry B. Jackson">Perry B. Jackson</a><a href="#cite_note-391">[391]</a> </td> <td>Cleveland Municipal Court (1942–1960); Cuyahoga County Common Pleas Court (1960–1973) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a> </td> <td>decreased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Raymond_Alvin_Jackson" title="Raymond Alvin Jackson">Raymond Alvin Jackson</a><a href="#cite_note-392">[392]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_Virginia" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia">United States District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia</a> (1993– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Candace_Jackson-Akiwumi" title="Candace Jackson-Akiwumi">Candace Jackson-Akiwumi</a><a href="#cite_note-393">[393]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Seventh_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit</a> (2021– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>George E. James<a href="#cite_note-394">[394]</a> </td> <td>Beaver County Court (1998–2007) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Andrew L. Jefferson Jr.<a href="#cite_note-395">[395]</a> </td> <td>Harris County Family District Court (1970–1973); Texas 208th District Court (1973–1975) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Bernard Jefferson<a href="#cite_note-396">[396]</a> </td> <td>California Second District Court of Appeal (1975–1980) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Deadra L. Jefferson<a href="#cite_note-397">[397]</a> </td> <td>South Carolina Circuit Court (2001– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/South_Carolina" title="South Carolina">South Carolina</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Edwin L. Jefferson<a href="#cite_note-398">[398]</a> </td> <td>Los Angeles Municipal Court (1941–1949); <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_County_Superior_Court" title="Los Angeles County Superior Court">Los Angeles Superior Court</a> (1949–1961); California Second Appellate District (1961–1975) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Wallace_B._Jefferson" title="Wallace B. Jefferson">Wallace B. Jefferson</a><a href="#cite_note-399">[399]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Texas" title="Supreme Court of Texas">Supreme Court of Texas</a> (2001–2013) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> </td> <td>resigned </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Lindsay_C._Jenkins" title="Lindsay C. Jenkins">Lindsay C. Jenkins</a><a href="#cite_note-400">[400]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Northern_District_of_Illinois" title="United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois">United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois</a> (2023– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Martin_Jenkins" title="Martin Jenkins">Martin Jenkins</a><a href="#cite_note-401">[401]</a><a href="#cite_note-402">[402]</a> </td> <td>Alameda County Municipal Court (1989–1992); <a href="/wiki/Alameda_County_Superior_Court" title="Alameda County Superior Court">Alameda County Superior Court</a> (1992–1997); <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Northern_District_of_California" title="United States District Court for the Northern District of California">United States District Court—Northern</a> (1997–2008); California First Appellate District (2008–2019); <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_California" title="Supreme Court of California">Supreme Court of California</a> (appt. 2020) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Angela Jewell<a href="#cite_note-403">[403]</a> </td> <td>New Mexico 2nd Judicial District Court (1996–2010) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_Mexico" title="New Mexico">New Mexico</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Tommy Jewell<a href="#cite_note-404">[404]</a> </td> <td>Bernalillo County Metropolitan Court (1983–1991); New Mexico 2nd Judicial District Court (1991–2005) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_Mexico" title="New Mexico">New Mexico</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Z. Mae Jimison<a href="#cite_note-405">[405]</a> </td> <td>Marion County Superior Court (1996–2002) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Indiana" title="Indiana">Indiana</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Bernette_Joshua_Johnson" title="Bernette Joshua Johnson">Bernette Joshua Johnson</a><a href="#cite_note-406">[406]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Louisiana_Supreme_Court" title="Louisiana Supreme Court">Louisiana Supreme Court</a> (1994–2020) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Louisiana" title="Louisiana">Louisiana</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>C. Anthony Johnson<a href="#cite_note-407">[407]</a> </td> <td>General Sessions Criminal Court </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tennessee" title="Tennessee">Tennessee</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Clifton_Johnson_(jurist)" title="Clifton Johnson (jurist)">Clifton Johnson (jurist)</a><a href="#cite_note-408">[408]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/North_Carolina_Court_of_Appeals" title="North Carolina Court of Appeals">North Carolina Court of Appeals</a> (1982–1996) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/North_Carolina" title="North Carolina">North Carolina</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Golden_E._Johnson" title="Golden E. Johnson">Golden E. Johnson</a><a href="#cite_note-409">[409]</a> </td> <td>Newark Municipal Court (appt. 1974); Montclair Municipal Court </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_Jersey" title="New Jersey">New Jersey</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Joseph D. Johnson<a href="#cite_note-410">[410]</a> </td> <td>Kansas Third Judicial District (2005–2018) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kansas" title="Kansas">Kansas</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Norma_Holloway_Johnson" title="Norma Holloway Johnson">Norma Holloway Johnson</a><a href="#cite_note-411">[411]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Columbia" title="United States District Court for the District of Columbia">United States District Court for the District of Columbia</a> (1980–2003) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Shanice Johnson<a href="#cite_note-412">[412]</a> </td> <td>Sixth Circuit Court (2021– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas">Arkansas</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Sterling_Johnson_Jr." title="Sterling Johnson Jr.">Sterling Johnson Jr.</a><a href="#cite_note-413">[413]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_New_York" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York">United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York</a> (1991–2022) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Tiffany_R._Johnson" title="Tiffany R. Johnson">Tiffany R. Johnson</a><a href="#cite_note-414">[414]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Northern_District_of_Georgia" title="United States District Court for the Northern District of Georgia">United States District Court for the Northern District of Georgia</a> (2025– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="Georgia (U.S. state)">Georgia</a> </td> <td>designate </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Alesia Jones<a href="#cite_note-415">[415]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Solano_County_Superior_Court" title="Solano County Superior Court">Solano County Superior Court</a> (2008– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Bernard_M._Jones" title="Bernard M. Jones">Bernard M. Jones</a><a href="#cite_note-416">[416]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Western_District_of_Oklahoma" title="United States District Court for the Western District of Oklahoma">United States District Court for the Western District of Oklahoma</a> (2015– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Oklahoma" title="Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/C._Darnell_Jones_II" title="C. Darnell Jones II">C. Darnell Jones II</a><a href="#cite_note-417">[417]</a> </td> <td>First Judicial District of Pennsylvania (1987–2008); <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_Pennsylvania" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania">United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania</a> (2008– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Charles W. Jones<a href="#cite_note-418">[418]</a> </td> <td>Detroit Recorder’s Court (appt. 1950) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Michigan" title="Michigan">Michigan</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>DaSean Jones<a href="#cite_note-419">[419]</a> </td> <td>Harris County District Court (2019– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Gaynelle_Griffin_Jones" title="Gaynelle Griffin Jones">Gaynelle Griffin Jones</a><a href="#cite_note-420">[420]</a> </td> <td>First Court of the Texas Courts of Appeals (1992–1993) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Jennifer L. Jones<a href="#cite_note-421">[421]</a> </td> <td>Sedgwick County District Court (1992–2001); Wichita Municipal Court (2001– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kansas" title="Kansas">Kansas</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Joscelyn Jones<a href="#cite_note-422">[422]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alameda_County_Superior_Court" title="Alameda County Superior Court">Alameda County Superior Court</a> (2020– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Napoleon_A._Jones_Jr." title="Napoleon A. Jones Jr.">Napoleon A. Jones Jr.</a><a href="#cite_note-423">[423]</a> </td> <td>San Diego Municipal Court (1977–1982); San Diego County Superior Court (1982–1994); <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Southern_District_of_California" title="United States District Court for the Southern District of California">United States District Court for the Southern District of California</a> (1994–2009) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_R._Jones" title="Nathaniel R. Jones">Nathaniel R. Jones</a><a href="#cite_note-424">[424]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Sixth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit</a> (1979–2002) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Okla_Jones_II" title="Okla Jones II">Okla Jones II</a><a href="#cite_note-425">[425]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_Louisiana" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of Louisiana">United States District Court for the Eastern District of Louisiana</a> (1994–1996) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Louisiana" title="Louisiana">Louisiana</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Richard_A._Jones" title="Richard A. Jones">Richard A. Jones</a><a href="#cite_note-426">[426]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/King_County_Superior_Court" title="King County Superior Court">King County Superior Court</a> (1994–2007); <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Western_District_of_Washington" title="United States District Court for the Western District of Washington">United States District Court for the Western District of Washington</a> (2007– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Washington_(state)" title="Washington (state)">Washington</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Sidney A. Jones<a href="#cite_note-427">[427]</a> </td> <td>Cook County Circuit Court (1960–1980) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Steve_C._Jones" title="Steve C. Jones">Steve C. Jones</a><a href="#cite_note-428">[428]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Northern_District_of_Georgia" title="United States District Court for the Northern District of Georgia">United States District Court for the Northern District of Georgia</a> (2011– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="Georgia (U.S. state)">Georgia</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Tierra Jones<a href="#cite_note-429">[429]</a> </td> <td>Clark County District Court (2017– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nevada" title="Nevada">Nevada</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Tonya Jones<a href="#cite_note-NPR.org-261">[261]</a> </td> <td>Harris County Criminal Court at Law No. 15 (2019– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Tanya_Jones_Bosier" title="Tanya Jones Bosier">Tanya Jones Bosier</a><a href="#cite_note-430">[430]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Superior_Court_of_the_District_of_Columbia" title="Superior Court of the District of Columbia">Superior Court of the District of Columbia</a> (2017– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Claudia Jordan<a href="#cite_note-431">[431]</a> </td> <td>Denver County Court (1994–2014) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Colorado" title="Colorado">Colorado</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Robert E. Jourdan<a href="#cite_note-:8-27">[27]</a> </td> <td>Chelan County Superior Court (2021– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Washington_(state)" title="Washington (state)">Washington</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/J._Curtis_Joyner" title="J. Curtis Joyner">J. Curtis Joyner</a><a href="#cite_note-432">[432]</a> </td> <td>Chester County Court of Common Pleas for the 15th Judicial District of Pennsylvania (1987–1992); <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_Pennsylvania" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania">United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania</a> (1992–2021) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Maria_Ara%C3%BAjo_Kahn" title="Maria Araújo Kahn">Maria Araújo Kahn</a><a href="#cite_note-433">[433]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Connecticut_Superior_Court" title="Connecticut Superior Court">Connecticut Superior Court</a> (2006–2017); <a href="/wiki/Connecticut_Appellate_Court" title="Connecticut Appellate Court">Connecticut Appellate Court</a> (2017); <a href="/wiki/Connecticut_Supreme_Court" title="Connecticut Supreme Court">Supreme Court of Connecticut</a> (2017–2023); <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Second_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit</a> (2023– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Connecticut" title="Connecticut">Connecticut</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Kallon" class="mw-redirect" title="Abdul Kallon">Abdul Kallon</a><a href="#cite_note-Abdul_Kallon-434">[434]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Northern_District_of_Alabama" title="United States District Court for the Northern District of Alabama">United States District Court for the Northern District of Alabama</a> (2010–2022) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alabama" title="Alabama">Alabama</a> </td> <td>resigned </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Michelle Kazadi<a href="#cite_note-:7-118">[118]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_County_Superior_Court" title="Los Angeles County Superior Court">Los Angeles County Superior Court</a> (2021– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Amalya_Lyle_Kearse" class="mw-redirect" title="Amalya Lyle Kearse">Amalya Lyle Kearse</a><a href="#cite_note-435">[435]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Second_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit</a> (1979– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Damon_Keith" title="Damon Keith">Damon Keith</a><a href="#cite_note-436">[436]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_Michigan" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan">United States District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan</a> (1967–1977); <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Sixth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit</a> (1977–2019) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Michigan" title="Michigan">Michigan</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Angel_Kelley" title="Angel Kelley">Angel Kelley</a><a href="#cite_note-437">[437]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_District_Court" title="Massachusetts District Court">Brockton District Court</a> (2009–2013); <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Superior_Court" title="Massachusetts Superior Court">Massachusetts Superior Court</a> (2013–2021); <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Massachusetts" title="United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts">United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts</a> (2021– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Cain James Kennedy<a href="#cite_note-438">[438]</a> </td> <td>Mobile County Circuit Court (1979–1998) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alabama" title="Alabama">Alabama</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Henry_H._Kennedy_Jr." title="Henry H. Kennedy Jr.">Henry H. Kennedy Jr.</a><a href="#cite_note-439">[439]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Columbia" title="United States District Court for the District of Columbia">United States District Court for the District of Columbia</a> (1997– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a> </td> <td>inactive </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Embry_Kidd" title="Embry Kidd">Embry Kidd</a><a href="#cite_note-440">[440]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Middle_District_of_Florida" title="United States District Court for the Middle District of Florida">United States District Court for the Middle District of Florida</a> (2019–2024); <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Eleventh_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit</a> (2024– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Peter_Killough" title="Peter Killough">Peter Killough</a><a href="#cite_note-441">[441]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Maryland" title="Supreme Court of Maryland">Supreme Court of Maryland</a> (2024– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland">Maryland</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>James C. Kimbrough<a href="#cite_note-442">[442]</a> </td> <td>Lake County Superior Court (1974–1987) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Indiana" title="Indiana">Indiana</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Klinette H. Kindred<a href="#cite_note-443">[443]</a> </td> <td>United States Bankruptcy Court Eastern District of Virginia (2017– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Kimberly Kiner<a href="#cite_note-444">[444]</a> </td> <td>LaPorte Superior Court (Judge Pro Tem: appt. 2013) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Indiana" title="Indiana">Indiana</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Alex Kinlaw Jr.<a href="#cite_note-445">[445]</a> </td> <td>South Carolina Circuit Court (2018– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/South_Carolina" title="South Carolina">South Carolina</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>David M. Krashna<a href="#cite_note-446">[446]</a> </td> <td>Alameda County Municipal Court (Commissioner: 1992–1998); <a href="/wiki/Alameda_County_Superior_Court" title="Alameda County Superior Court">Alameda County Superior Court</a> (Commissioner: 1998–2001; Judge: 2001–2015) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Leondra_Kruger" title="Leondra Kruger">Leondra Kruger</a><a href="#cite_note-447">[447]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_California" title="Supreme Court of California">California Supreme Court</a> (2015– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/William_Francis_Kuntz_II" class="mw-redirect" title="William Francis Kuntz II">William Francis Kuntz II</a><a href="#cite_note-448">[448]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_New_York" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York">United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York</a> (2011– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Gary_L._Lancaster" title="Gary L. Lancaster">Gary L. Lancaster</a><a href="#cite_note-449">[449]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Western_District_of_Pennsylvania" title="United States District Court for the Western District of Pennsylvania">United States District Court for the Western District of Pennsylvania</a> (1987–2013) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Adam_B._Landy" title="Adam B. Landy">Adam B. Landy</a><a href="#cite_note-450">[450]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Tax_Court" title="United States Tax Court">United States Tax Court</a> (2021– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Monique Langhorne<a href="#cite_note-451">[451]</a><a href="#cite_note-452">[452]</a> </td> <td>Napa County Superior Court (2019–2023) <a href="/wiki/California_Courts_of_Appeal" title="California Courts of Appeal">Courts of Appeal</a>, First Appellate District, Division One (2023– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Rick_E._Lawrence" title="Rick E. Lawrence">Rick Lawrence</a><a href="#cite_note-453">[453]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lewiston,_Maine" title="Lewiston, Maine">Lewiston</a> District Court (2000–2022) <a href="/wiki/Maine_Supreme_Judicial_Court" title="Maine Supreme Judicial Court">Supreme Judicial Court</a> (2022– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Maine" title="Maine">Maine</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Alison_Renee_Lee" title="Alison Renee Lee">Alison Renee Lee</a><a href="#cite_note-454">[454]</a> </td> <td>South Carolina Fifth Judicial Circuit (1999–2023) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/South_Carolina" title="South Carolina">South Carolina</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Amarra A. Lee<a href="#cite_note-455">[455]</a> </td> <td>San Mateo Superior Court (2018– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Eunice_C._Lee" title="Eunice C. Lee">Eunice C. Lee</a><a href="#cite_note-456">[456]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Second_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit</a> (2021– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Bruce_Lee" title="Gerald Bruce Lee">Gerald Bruce Lee</a><a href="#cite_note-457">[457]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_Virginia" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia">United States District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia</a> (1998–2017) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Helen Shores Lee<a href="#cite_note-458">[458]</a> </td> <td>Jefferson County Circuit Court (2003–2017) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alabama" title="Alabama">Alabama</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Ida Leggett<a href="#cite_note-459">[459]</a> </td> <td>Idaho Second District Court (1992–1998) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Idaho" title="Idaho">Idaho</a> </td> <td>resigned </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/George_N._Leighton" title="George N. Leighton">George N. Leighton</a> </td> <td>Circuit Court of <a href="/wiki/Cook_County,_Illinois" title="Cook County, Illinois">Cook County</a> (1964–1969); First District Appellate Court of Illinois (1969–1976); <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Northern_District_of_Illinois" title="United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois">United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois</a> (1976–1987) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Ivan_L._R._Lemelle" title="Ivan L. R. Lemelle">Ivan L. R. Lemelle</a><a href="#cite_note-460">[460]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_Louisiana" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of Louisiana">United States District Court for the Eastern District of Louisiana</a> (1984– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Louisiana" title="Louisiana">Louisiana</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>John T. Letts<a href="#cite_note-461">[461]</a> </td> <td>Grand Rapids Municipal Court (elect. 1959); Kent County District Court (elect. 1967) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Michigan" title="Michigan">Michigan</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Ola M. Lewis<a href="#cite_note-462">[462]</a> </td> <td>North Carolina 13th Judicial District (appt. 1993) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/North_Carolina" title="North Carolina">North Carolina</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Timothy_K._Lewis" title="Timothy K. Lewis">Timothy K. Lewis</a><a href="#cite_note-463">[463]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Western_District_of_Pennsylvania" title="United States District Court for the Western District of Pennsylvania">United States District Court for the Western District of Pennsylvania</a> (1991–1992); <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Third_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit</a> (1992–1999) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a> </td> <td>resigned </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Reginald_C._Lindsay" title="Reginald C. Lindsay">Reginald C. Lindsay</a><a href="#cite_note-464">[464]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Massachusetts" title="United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts">United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts</a> (1993–2009) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Sam_A._Lindsay" title="Sam A. Lindsay">Sam A. Lindsay</a><a href="#cite_note-465">[465]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Northern_District_of_Texas" title="United States District Court for the Northern District of Texas">United States District Court for the Northern District of Texas</a> (1998– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Joe O. Littlejohn<a href="#cite_note-The_Honorable_Judge_Rod_Shelton-466">[466]</a> </td> <td>San Diego County Superior Court (1995–2006) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Melony Lockwood<a href="#cite_note-467">[467]</a><a href="#cite_note-468">[468]</a> </td> <td>Alaska Fourth Judicial District (2017–2021) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alaska" title="Alaska">Alaska</a> </td> <td>resigned </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Steven_Logan" class="mw-redirect" title="Steven Logan">Steven Logan</a><a href="#cite_note-469">[469]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Arizona" title="United States District Court for the District of Arizona">United States District Court for the District of Arizona</a> (2014– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Arizona" title="Arizona">Arizona</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Raymond_Lohier" title="Raymond Lohier">Raymond Lohier</a><a href="#cite_note-470">[470]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Second_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit</a> (2010– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>James L. Long<a href="#cite_note-471">[471]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Superior_Court_of_California_of_the_County_of_Sacramento" class="mw-redirect" title="Superior Court of California of the County of Sacramento">Sacramento County Superior Court</a> (app. 1982) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Mary_Johnson_Lowe" title="Mary Johnson Lowe">Mary Johnson Lowe</a><a href="#cite_note-472">[472]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Criminal_Court" title="New York City Criminal Court">New York City Criminal Court</a> (1971–1973); <a href="/wiki/New_York_County_Supreme_Court" class="mw-redirect" title="New York County Supreme Court">New York County Supreme Court</a> (1973–1974); Bronx County Supreme Court (1975–1976); <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_New_York" class="mw-redirect" title="Supreme Court of New York">Supreme Court of New York</a> (1977–1978); <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Southern_District_of_New_York" title="United States District Court for the Southern District of New York">United States District Court for the Southern District of New York</a> (1978–1991) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Alice A. Lytle<a href="#cite_note-473">[473]</a> </td> <td>Sacramento Municipal Court (1983–1998); <a href="/wiki/Superior_Court_of_California_of_the_County_of_Sacramento" class="mw-redirect" title="Superior Court of California of the County of Sacramento">Sacramento County Superior Court</a> (1998–2002) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Matthew_J._Maddox" title="Matthew J. Maddox">Matthew J. Maddox</a><a href="#cite_note-474">[474]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Maryland" title="United States District Court for the District of Maryland">United States District Court for the District of Maryland</a> (2022– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland">Maryland</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Conrad Mallett Jr.<a href="#cite_note-475">[475]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Michigan_Supreme_Court" title="Michigan Supreme Court">Michigan Supreme Court</a> (1990–1998) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Michigan" title="Michigan">Michigan</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>William A. Mallory<a href="#cite_note-476">[476]</a> </td> <td>Hamilton County Municipal Court (1993–2006; 2011– ); Hamilton County Court of Common Pleas (2006–2009) Hamilton County First District Court of Appeals (2009–2011) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Mercer M. Mance<a href="#cite_note-477">[477]</a> </td> <td>Marion County Superior Court (1958–1978) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Indiana" title="Indiana">Indiana</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Robert J. Mangum<a href="#cite_note-478">[478]</a> </td> <td>New York State Court of Claims (appt. 1971) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Blanche_M._Manning" title="Blanche M. Manning">Blanche M. Manning</a><a href="#cite_note-479">[479]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Northern_District_of_Illinois" title="United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois">United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois</a> (1994–2020) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>L. Casey Manning<a href="#cite_note-480">[480]</a> </td> <td>South Carolina Circuit Court (1994– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/South_Carolina" title="South Carolina">South Carolina</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Jeralynn Manor<a href="#cite_note-481">[481]</a> </td> <td>Harris County District Court (2021– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Calvin Mapp<a href="#cite_note-482">[482]</a> </td> <td>Miami-Dade County Court (1973–1994) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Algenon_L._Marbley" title="Algenon L. Marbley">Algenon L. Marbley</a><a href="#cite_note-483">[483]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Southern_District_of_Ohio" title="United States District Court for the Southern District of Ohio">United States District Court for the Southern District of Ohio</a> (1997– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Consuelo_Bland_Marshall" title="Consuelo Bland Marshall">Consuelo Bland Marshall</a><a href="#cite_note-484">[484]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Central_District_of_California" title="United States District Court for the Central District of California">United States District Court for the Central District of California</a> (1980– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>inactive </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Thurgood_Marshall" title="Thurgood Marshall">Thurgood Marshall</a><a href="#cite_note-485">[485]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Second_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit</a> (1961–1965); Supreme Court of the United States (1967–1991) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Janice R. Martin<a href="#cite_note-486">[486]</a> </td> <td>Kentucky District Court (1993–2009) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky">Kentucky</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Joshua W. Martin III<a href="#cite_note-487">[487]</a><a href="#cite_note-488">[488]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Delaware_Superior_Court" title="Delaware Superior Court">Superior Court of Delaware</a> (1982–1989) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Delaware" title="Delaware">Delaware</a> </td> <td>resigned </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Aaron B. Mason<a href="#cite_note-:3-171">[171]</a><a href="#cite_note-489">[489]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Clayton_County,_Georgia" title="Clayton County, Georgia">Clayton County</a> Superior Court (2016– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="Georgia (U.S. state)">Georgia</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Rhonda Mason<a href="#cite_note-490">[490]</a> </td> <td>Johnson County Court (2016– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kansas" title="Kansas">Kansas</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Andre_Mathis" title="Andre Mathis">Andre Mathis</a><a href="#cite_note-491">[491]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Sixth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit</a> (2022– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tennessee" title="Tennessee">Tennessee</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Albert Matthews<a href="#cite_note-492">[492]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_County_Superior_Court" title="Los Angeles County Superior Court">Los Angeles Superior Court</a> (Assigned Judge: appt. 1993) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/James_Campbell_Matthews" title="James Campbell Matthews">James Campbell Matthews</a><a href="#cite_note-493">[493]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Albany,_New_York" title="Albany, New York">Albany, New York</a> Recorder's Court (1896–1899) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Stephen L. Maxwell<a href="#cite_note-494">[494]</a> </td> <td>Minnesota 2nd Judicial District Court (1967–1987) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Minnesota" title="Minnesota">Minnesota</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Mabel Mayfield<a href="#cite_note-495">[495]</a> </td> <td>Berrien County Courts (2000– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Michigan" title="Michigan">Michigan</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/William_E._McAnulty_Jr." title="William E. McAnulty Jr.">William E. McAnulty Jr.</a><a href="#cite_note-496">[496]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jefferson_County,_Kentucky" title="Jefferson County, Kentucky">Jefferson County</a> District Court (1977–1980; 1983–1990; 1993–1998); <a href="/wiki/Kentucky_Court_of_Appeals" title="Kentucky Court of Appeals">Kentucky Court of Appeals</a> (1998–2006); <a href="/wiki/Kentucky_Supreme_Court" title="Kentucky Supreme Court">Supreme Court of Kentucky</a> (2006–2007) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky">Kentucky</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Mark A. McCannon<a href="#cite_note-497">[497]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alameda_County_Superior_Court" title="Alameda County Superior Court">Alameda County Superior Court</a> (2013– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Jesse_McClure" title="Jesse McClure">Jesse McClure</a><a href="#cite_note-498">[498]</a> </td> <td>339th District Court (2019–2020); <a href="/wiki/Texas_Court_of_Criminal_Appeals" title="Texas Court of Criminal Appeals">Texas Court of Criminal Appeals</a> (2021– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>LaRonda J. McCoy<a href="#cite_note-499">[499]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_County_Superior_Court" title="Los Angeles County Superior Court">Los Angeles County Superior Court</a> (2017– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Kari McCrea<a href="#cite_note-500">[500]</a> </td> <td>Alaska Third Judicial District (2017– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alaska" title="Alaska">Alaska</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Wade_H._McCree" title="Wade H. McCree">Wade H McCree Jr.</a><a href="#cite_note-501">[501]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_Michigan" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan">United States District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan</a> (1961–1966) <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Sixth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit</a> (1966-1977) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Michigan" title="Michigan">Michigan</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Wade Harper McCree <a href="#cite_note-502">[502]</a><a href="#cite_note-503">[503]</a> </td> <td>Wayne County Circuit Court (2004–2013; 2020– ) suspended and reinstated </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Michigan" title="Michigan">Michigan</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Joe_Billy_McDade" title="Joe Billy McDade">Joe Billy McDade</a><a href="#cite_note-504">[504]</a> </td> <td>Tenth Judicial Circuit, State of Illinois (1982–1991); <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Central_District_of_Illinois" title="United States District Court for the Central District of Illinois">United States District Court for the Central District of Illinois</a> (1991– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Gabrielle_Kirk_McDonald" title="Gabrielle Kirk McDonald">Gabrielle Kirk McDonald</a><a href="#cite_note-505">[505]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Southern_District_of_Texas" title="United States District Court for the Southern District of Texas">United States District Court for the Southern District of Texas</a> (1979–1988) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> </td> <td>resigned </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Odell McGhee, II<a href="#cite_note-506">[506]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Iowa_District_Courts" title="Iowa District Courts">Iowa District Court</a> (2002– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa">Iowa</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Theodore_McKee" title="Theodore McKee">Theodore McKee</a><a href="#cite_note-507">[507]</a> </td> <td>Philadelphia Court of Common Pleas (1984–1994); <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Third_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit</a> (1994– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Kevin McKeever<a href="#cite_note-508">[508]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Iowa_District_Courts" title="Iowa District Courts">Iowa District Court</a> (2015– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa">Iowa</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Elwood S. McKenney<a href="#cite_note-509">[509]</a> </td> <td>Roxbury District Court (appt. 1960) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Patricia McKinley<a href="#cite_note-510">[510]</a> </td> <td>Bay District Municipal Court District (1982–1986) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Theodore_McMillian" title="Theodore McMillian">Theodore McMillian</a><a href="#cite_note-McMillian,_Theodore-511">[511]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Eighth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit</a> (1978–2006) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">Missouri</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Brandy_R._McMillion" title="Brandy R. McMillion">Brandy R. McMillion</a><a href="#cite_note-512">[512]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_Michigan" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan">United States District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan</a> (2023– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Michigan" title="Michigan">Michigan</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Tyrone Medley<a href="#cite_note-513">[513]</a> </td> <td>Utah Fifth Circuit Court (1984–1992); Utah Third Circuit Court (1992–2012) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Utah" title="Utah">Utah</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Cordell_D._Meeks_Sr." title="Cordell D. Meeks Sr.">Cordell D. Meeks Sr.</a><a href="#cite_note-514">[514]</a> </td> <td>Wyandotte County District Court (1972–1980) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kansas" title="Kansas">Kansas</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Alfonza Menefee<a href="#cite_note-515">[515]</a> </td> <td>Macon County Probate Court (1988–2019)<a href="#cite_note-516">[516]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alabama" title="Alabama">Alabama</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Orelia_Merchant" title="Orelia Merchant">Orelia Merchant</a><a href="#cite_note-517">[517]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_New_York" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York">United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York</a> (2023– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Robin_M._Meriweather" title="Robin M. Meriweather">Robin M. Meriweather</a><a href="#cite_note-518">[518]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Columbia" title="United States District Court for the District of Columbia">United States District Court for the District of Columbia</a> (2017–2024); <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Federal_Claims" title="United States Court of Federal Claims">United States Court of Federal Claims</a> (2024– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Natasha_C._Merle" title="Natasha C. Merle">Natasha C. Merle</a><a href="#cite_note-519">[519]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_New_York" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York">United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York</a> (2023– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Stephan_P._Mickle" title="Stephan P. Mickle">Stephan P. Mickle</a><a href="#cite_note-520">[520]</a> </td> <td>Alachua County Court (1979–1984); Florida Eighth Judicial Circuit (1984–1992); Florida First District Court of Appeal (1993–1998); <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Northern_District_of_Florida" title="United States District Court for the Northern District of Florida">United States District Court for the Northern District of Florida</a> (1998–2021) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Vicki_Miles-LaGrange" title="Vicki Miles-LaGrange">Vicki Miles-LaGrange</a><a href="#cite_note-521">[521]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Western_District_of_Oklahoma" title="United States District Court for the Western District of Oklahoma">United States District Court for the Western District of Oklahoma</a> (1994– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Oklahoma" title="Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a> </td> <td>inactive </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Brian_Stacy_Miller" class="mw-redirect" title="Brian Stacy Miller">Brian Stacy Miller</a><a href="#cite_note-522">[522]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_Arkansas" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas">United States District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas</a> (2008– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas">Arkansas</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Sheila Miller<a href="#cite_note-523">[523]</a> </td> <td>41B District Court (2006–2010) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Michigan" title="Michigan">Michigan</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Herbert E. Millin<a href="#cite_note-524">[524]</a> </td> <td>Philadelphia Municipal Court (appt. 1947) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Toni Y. Mims-Cochran<a href="#cite_note-525">[525]</a><a href="#cite_note-526">[526]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alameda_County_Superior_Court" title="Alameda County Superior Court">Alameda County Superior Court</a> (Commissioner: 2016–2022; Judge 2022) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Cameron Mitchell<a href="#cite_note-527">[527]</a> </td> <td>Benton-Franklin Superior Court (2004– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Washington_(state)" title="Washington (state)">Washington</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Irvin_C._Mollison" title="Irvin C. Mollison">Irvin C. Mollison</a><a href="#cite_note-528">[528]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Customs_Court" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Customs Court">United States Customs Court</a> (1945–1962) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Tamika_Montgomery%E2%80%93Reeves" class="mw-redirect" title="Tamika Montgomery–Reeves">Tamika Montgomery–Reeves</a><a href="#cite_note-529">[529]</a> </td> <td>Delaware Court of Chancery (2015–2019); <a href="/wiki/Delaware_Supreme_Court" title="Delaware Supreme Court">Supreme Court of Delaware</a> (2019–2023); <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Third_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit</a> (2023– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Delaware" title="Delaware">Delaware</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Vershenia Ballance Moody<a href="#cite_note-530">[530]</a> </td> <td>Illinois 6th Judicial District (2012– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Herman E. Moore<a href="#cite_note-531">[531]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/District_Court_of_the_Virgin_Islands" title="District Court of the Virgin Islands">United States District Court of the Virgin Islands</a> (1939–1957) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Virgin_Islands" title="United States Virgin Islands">United States Virgin Islands</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Lester V. Moore<a href="#cite_note-532">[532]</a> </td> <td>Norfolk Juvenile and Domestic District Court (1976–1997) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Michelle Moore<a href="#cite_note-533">[533]</a> </td> <td>314th District Court (2019– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Raymond_P._Moore" title="Raymond P. Moore">Raymond P. Moore</a><a href="#cite_note-534">[534]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Colorado" title="United States District Court for the District of Colorado">United States District Court for the District of Colorado</a> (2013– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Colorado" title="Colorado">Colorado</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Terry_F._Moorer" title="Terry F. Moorer">Terry F. Moorer</a><a href="#cite_note-535">[535]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Middle_District_of_Alabama" title="United States District Court for the Middle District of Alabama">United States District Court for the Middle District of Alabama</a> (2007–2018); <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Southern_District_of_Alabama" title="United States District Court for the Southern District of Alabama">United States District Court for the Southern District of Alabama</a> (2018– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alabama" title="Alabama">Alabama</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Michael_R._Morgan" title="Michael R. Morgan">Michael R. Morgan</a><a href="#cite_note-536">[536]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/North_Carolina_Supreme_Court" title="North Carolina Supreme Court">Supreme Court of North Carolina</a> (2016– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/North_Carolina" title="North Carolina">North Carolina</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Nathan_Morial" title="Ernest Nathan Morial">Ernest Nathan Morial</a><a href="#cite_note-537">[537]</a> </td> <td>Louisiana Juvenile Court (1970–1974); Louisiana Fourth Circuit Court of Appeal (1974–1977) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Louisiana" title="Louisiana">Louisiana</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Brittanye Morris<a href="#cite_note-538">[538]</a> </td> <td>Harris County District Court (2021– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Carl W. Morris<a href="#cite_note-539">[539]</a> </td> <td>Alameda County Municipal Court (1988–1993); <a href="/wiki/Alameda_County_Superior_Court" title="Alameda County Superior Court">Alameda County Superior Court</a> (1993–2012) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Denise Langford Morris<a href="#cite_note-540">[540]</a><a href="#cite_note-541">[541]</a> </td> <td>Oakland County Circuit Court (1992–2022) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Michigan" title="Michigan">Michigan</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Elizabeth Morris<a href="#cite_note-542">[542]</a> </td> <td>Anne Arundel County Circuit Court (2018– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland">Maryland</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Angil Morris-Jones<a href="#cite_note-:51-543">[543]</a><a href="#cite_note-544">[544]</a> </td> <td>Merced County Superior Court (appt. 1997) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>retired or lost reelection </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Franklin Morton Jr.<a href="#cite_note-545">[545]</a> </td> <td>New York Municipal Court (appt. 1958); <a href="/wiki/New_York_Supreme_Court" title="New York Supreme Court">New York State Supreme Court</a> (elect. 1969) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Constance_Baker_Motley" title="Constance Baker Motley">Constance Baker Motley</a><a href="#cite_note-546">[546]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Southern_District_of_New_York" title="United States District Court for the Southern District of New York">United States District Court for the Southern District of New York</a> (1966–2005) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Harriet_Mitchell_Murphy" title="Harriet Mitchell Murphy">Harriet Mitchell Murphy</a><a href="#cite_note-547">[547]</a> </td> <td>Austin Municipal Court (1973–1993) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Richard_E._Myers_II" title="Richard E. Myers II">Richard E. Myers II</a><a href="#cite_note-548">[548]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_North_Carolina" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of North Carolina">United States District Court for the Eastern District of North Carolina</a> (2019– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/North_Carolina" title="North Carolina">North Carolina</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Julien_Neals" title="Julien Neals">Julien Neals</a><a href="#cite_note-549">[549]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_New_Jersey" title="United States District Court for the District of New Jersey">United States District Court for the District of New Jersey</a> (2021– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_Jersey" title="New Jersey">New Jersey</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Adrienne_Nelson" title="Adrienne Nelson">Adrienne Nelson</a><a href="#cite_note-550">[550]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Multnomah_County,_Oregon" title="Multnomah County, Oregon">Multnomah County</a> <a href="/wiki/Oregon_circuit_courts" title="Oregon circuit courts">Circuit Court</a> (2006–2018); <a href="/wiki/Oregon_Supreme_Court" title="Oregon Supreme Court">Supreme Court of Oregon</a> (2018–2023); <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Oregon" title="United States District Court for the District of Oregon">United States District Court for the District of Oregon</a> (2023– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Oregon" title="Oregon">Oregon</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/David_Sutherland_Nelson" title="David Sutherland Nelson">David Sutherland Nelson</a><a href="#cite_note-551">[551]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Superior_Court" title="Massachusetts Superior Court">Massachusetts Superior Court</a> (1973–1979); <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Massachusetts" title="United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts">United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts</a> (1979–1998) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/P._Scott_Neville_Jr." title="P. Scott Neville Jr.">P. Scott Neville Jr.</a><a href="#cite_note-552">[552]</a> </td> <td>Illinois Supreme Court (2018– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Irma Newburn<a href="#cite_note-553">[553]</a><a href="#cite_note-554">[554]</a> </td> <td>Oklahoma Fifth Judicial Circuit (2016–2021) Federal Immigration Judge (2021–) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Oklahoma" title="Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a> <a href="/wiki/Tennessee" title="Tennessee">Tennessee</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Clifton_B._Newman" class="mw-redirect" title="Clifton B. Newman">Clifton B. Newman</a><a href="#cite_note-555">[555]</a> </td> <td>South Carolina Circuit Court (2000–2023) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/South_Carolina" title="South Carolina">South Carolina</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Jocelyn Newman<a href="#cite_note-556">[556]</a> </td> <td>South Carolina Circuit Court (2016– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/South_Carolina" title="South Carolina">South Carolina</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Tara L. Newman<a href="#cite_note-:2-557">[557]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_County_Superior_Court" title="Los Angeles County Superior Court">Los Angeles County Superior Court</a> (2021– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Robert_N._C._Nix_Jr." title="Robert N. C. Nix Jr.">Robert N. C. Nix Jr.</a><a href="#cite_note-558">[558]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Pennsylvania" title="Supreme Court of Pennsylvania">Supreme Court of Pennsylvania</a> (1972–1996) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Troy_L._Nunley" title="Troy L. Nunley">Troy L. Nunley</a><a href="#cite_note-559">[559]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Superior_Court_of_California_of_the_County_of_Sacramento" class="mw-redirect" title="Superior Court of California of the County of Sacramento">Sacramento County Superior Court</a> (2002–2012); <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_California" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of California">United States District Court for the Eastern District of California</a> (2013– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Jimmy Nunn<a href="#cite_note-560">[560]</a> </td> <td>Dallas County Probate Court (2018– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alabama" title="Alabama">Alabama</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Edirin Okoloko<a href="#cite_note-561">[561]</a> </td> <td>Snohomish County Superior Court (2020– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Washington_(state)" title="Washington (state)">Washington</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Eileen A. Olds<a href="#cite_note-562">[562]</a> </td> <td>Chesapeake Juvenile and Domestic Relations District Court (1995–2019) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Solomon_Oliver_Jr." title="Solomon Oliver Jr.">Solomon Oliver Jr.</a><a href="#cite_note-563">[563]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Northern_District_of_Ohio" title="United States District Court for the Northern District of Ohio">United States District Court for the Northern District of Ohio</a> (1994– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Vernon_D._Oliver" title="Vernon D. Oliver">Vernon D. Oliver</a><a href="#cite_note-564">[564]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Connecticut_Superior_Court" title="Connecticut Superior Court">Connecticut Superior Court</a> (2009–2023); <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Connecticut" title="United States District Court for the District of Connecticut">United States District Court for the District of Connecticut</a> (2023– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Connecticut" title="Connecticut">Connecticut</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Dayo O. Onanubosi<a href="#cite_note-565">[565]</a> </td> <td>Idaho Third Judicial District (2009– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Idaho" title="Idaho">Idaho</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Revius_Ortique_Jr." title="Revius Ortique Jr.">Revius Ortique Jr.</a><a href="#cite_note-566">[566]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Louisiana_Supreme_Court" title="Louisiana Supreme Court">Supreme Court of Louisiana</a> (elec. 1992) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Louisiana" title="Louisiana">Louisiana</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Alexis Otis-Lewis<a href="#cite_note-567">[567]</a> </td> <td>St. Clair County Court (1992–2009) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Jalilah Otto<a href="#cite_note-568">[568]</a> </td> <td>Jackson County Circuit Court (2017– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">Missouri</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Morris_Overstreet" title="Morris Overstreet">Morris Overstreet</a><a href="#cite_note-569">[569]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Texas_Court_of_Criminal_Appeals" title="Texas Court of Criminal Appeals">Texas Court of Criminal Appeals</a> (1991–1999) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> </td> <td>term ended </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Charles_L._Owens" title="Charles L. Owens">Charles L. Owens</a><a href="#cite_note-570">[570]</a> </td> <td>Oklahoma County District Court (1968–1998) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Oklahoma" title="Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Alan_Page" title="Alan Page">Alan Page</a><a href="#cite_note-571">[571]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Minnesota_Supreme_Court" title="Minnesota Supreme Court">Supreme Court of Minnesota</a> (1993–2015) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Minnesota" title="Minnesota">Minnesota</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Myles Paige<a href="#cite_note-572">[572]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Criminal_Court" title="New York City Criminal Court">New York City Criminal Court</a> (1939–1956); Domestic Relations Court (1958–1966) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Wilma Palmer<a href="#cite_note-573">[573]</a> </td> <td>Tulsa County District Court (2007– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Oklahoma" title="Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Darrel_J._Papillion" title="Darrel J. Papillion">Darrel J. Papillion</a><a href="#cite_note-574">[574]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_Louisiana" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of Louisiana">United States District Court for the Eastern District of Louisiana</a> (2023– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Louisiana" title="Louisiana">Louisiana</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Barrington_D._Parker" title="Barrington D. Parker">Barrington D. Parker</a><a href="#cite_note-575">[575]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Columbia" title="United States District Court for the District of Columbia">United States District Court for the District of Columbia</a> (1969–1993) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Barrington_D._Parker_Jr." title="Barrington D. Parker Jr.">Barrington D. Parker Jr.</a><a href="#cite_note-576">[576]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Southern_District_of_New_York" title="United States District Court for the Southern District of New York">United States District Court for the Southern District of New York</a> (1994–2001); <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Second_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit</a> (2001– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Gerald Parker<a href="#cite_note-577">[577]</a> </td> <td>Montgomery County Common Pleas Court (2019– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Linda_Vivienne_Parker" title="Linda Vivienne Parker">Linda Vivienne Parker</a><a href="#cite_note-578">[578]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_Michigan" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan">United States District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan</a> (2014– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Michigan" title="Michigan">Michigan</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/James_Benton_Parsons" title="James Benton Parsons">James Benton Parsons</a><a href="#cite_note-579">[579]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Northern_District_of_Illinois" title="United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois">United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois</a> (1961–1993) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Thomas H. Parrott<a href="#cite_note-580">[580]</a><a href="#cite_note-581">[581]</a> </td> <td>Los Angeles Superior Court (Commissioner: 1990–2006) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Cecil B. Patterson Jr.<a href="#cite_note-582">[582]</a> </td> <td>Maricopa County Superior Court (1980–1991); Arizona First Appellate Court (1995–2003) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Arizona" title="Arizona">Arizona</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Gary D. Payne<a href="#cite_note-583">[583]</a> </td> <td>Fayette County Court (1988–2011) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky">Kentucky</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Latosha Lewis Payne<a href="#cite_note-584">[584]</a> </td> <td>Harris County District Court (2019– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Sandra Peake<a href="#cite_note-585">[585]</a> </td> <td>Harris County District Court (2019– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Benita_Y._Pearson" title="Benita Y. Pearson">Benita Y. Pearson</a><a href="#cite_note-586">[586]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Northern_District_of_Ohio" title="United States District Court for the Northern District of Ohio">United States District Court for the Northern District of Ohio</a> (2008– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Garrett_Penn" title="John Garrett Penn">John Garrett Penn</a><a href="#cite_note-587">[587]</a> </td> <td>District of Columbia Court of General Sessions (1970–1971); <a href="/wiki/Superior_Court_of_the_District_of_Columbia" title="Superior Court of the District of Columbia">Superior Court of the District of Columbia</a> (1971–1979); <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Columbia" title="United States District Court for the District of Columbia">United States District Court for the District of Columbia</a> (1979–2007) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Mia_Roberts_Perez" title="Mia Roberts Perez">Mia Roberts Perez</a><a href="#cite_note-588">[588]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Philadelphia_County,_Pennsylvania" title="Philadelphia County, Pennsylvania">Philadelphia County</a> <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania_courts_of_common_pleas" title="Pennsylvania courts of common pleas">Court of Common Pleas</a> (2016–2022); <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_Pennsylvania" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania">United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania</a> (2022– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/James_E.C._Perry" class="mw-redirect" title="James E.C. Perry">James E.C. Perry</a><a href="#cite_note-589">[589]</a> </td> <td>Florida 18th Judicial Circuit (1999–2009); Supreme Court of Florida (2009–2016) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Matthew_J._Perry" title="Matthew J. Perry">Matthew J. Perry</a><a href="#cite_note-jjw-590">[590]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Armed_Forces" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces">United States Court of Military Appeals</a> (1976–1979); <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_South_Carolina" title="United States District Court for the District of South Carolina">United States District Court for the District of South Carolina</a> (1979–2011) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/South_Carolina" title="South Carolina">South Carolina</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Fredericka Phillips<a href="#cite_note-591">[591]</a> </td> <td>Harris County District Court (2016– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Vel_Phillips" title="Vel Phillips">Vel Phillips</a><a href="#cite_note-592">[592]</a> </td> <td>Milwaukee County Circuit Court (1971–1978) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin" title="Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Kenneth A. Phipps<a href="#cite_note-593">[593]</a> </td> <td>Criminal Court of the City of New York (1958–1968) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Risë Jones Pichon<a href="#cite_note-594">[594]</a> </td> <td>Santa Clara Municipal Court (Commissioner: 1983–1984; Judge 1984–1998); Santa Clara Superior Court (1998–2019) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Juan Pickett<a href="#cite_note-595">[595]</a> </td> <td>Louisiana 32nd Judicial District (2015– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Louisiana" title="Louisiana">Louisiana</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_W._Pierce" title="Lawrence W. Pierce">Lawrence W. Pierce</a><a href="#cite_note-596">[596]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Southern_District_of_New_York" title="United States District Court for the Southern District of New York">United States District Court for the Southern District of New York</a> (1971–1981); <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Second_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit</a> (1981–1995) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Victor Pippins Jr.<a href="#cite_note-597">[597]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/San_Diego_County_Superior_Court" title="San Diego County Superior Court">San Diego County Superior Court</a> (2020– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Freddy Pitcher Jr.<a href="#cite_note-598">[598]</a> </td> <td>Louisiana 19th Judicial District Court; Louisiana First Circuit Court of Appeal </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Louisiana" title="Louisiana">Louisiana</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Elizabeth Davis Pittman<a href="#cite_note-599">[599]</a> </td> <td>Omaha Municipal Court (1971–1986) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nebraska" title="Nebraska">Nebraska</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Donald F. Pitts<a href="#cite_note-600">[600]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_County_Superior_Court" title="Los Angeles County Superior Court">Los Angeles Superior Court</a> (appt. 1984) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Marlon Polk<a href="#cite_note-601">[601]</a> </td> <td>Fourth Judicial District Court (2005– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nebraska" title="Nebraska">Nebraska</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Cecil_F._Poole" title="Cecil F. Poole">Cecil F. Poole</a><a href="#cite_note-602">[602]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Northern_District_of_California" title="United States District Court for the Northern District of California">United States District Court for the Northern District of California</a> (1976–1980); <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Ninth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit</a> (1979–1997) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>David M. Porter<a href="#cite_note-603">[603]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Iowa_District_Courts" title="Iowa District Courts">Iowa District Court</a> (2015– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa">Iowa</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>John D. Posten<a href="#cite_note-604">[604]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Montana" title="United States District Court for the District of Montana">United States District Court for the District of Montana</a> (United States Commissioner: 1893–1917) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Montana" title="Montana">Montana</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Cleo_Powell" title="Cleo Powell">Cleo Powell</a><a href="#cite_note-605">[605]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Court_of_Appeals_of_Virginia" title="Court of Appeals of Virginia">Virginia Court of Appeals</a> (2008–2011); <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Virginia" title="Supreme Court of Virginia">Supreme Court of Virginia</a> (2011– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Tanya_Walton_Pratt" title="Tanya Walton Pratt">Tanya Walton Pratt</a><a href="#cite_note-606">[606]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Southern_District_of_Indiana" title="United States District Court for the Southern District of Indiana">United States District Court for the Southern District of Indiana</a> (2010– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Indiana" title="Indiana">Indiana</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>William A. Price<a href="#cite_note-607">[607]</a> </td> <td>Justice of the Peace for Matagorda (appt. 1872) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>John E. Prim<a href="#cite_note-608">[608]</a> </td> <td>Seattle Municipal Court (Judge pro tem: appt. 1954) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Washington_(state)" title="Washington (state)">Washington</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Doris_Pryor" title="Doris Pryor">Doris Pryor</a><a href="#cite_note-609">[609]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Southern_District_of_Indiana" title="United States District Court for the Southern District of Indiana">United States District Court for the Southern District of Indiana</a> (2018–2022); <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Seventh_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit</a> (2022– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Indiana" title="Indiana">Indiana</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Jason_K._Pulliam" title="Jason K. Pulliam">Jason K. Pulliam</a><a href="#cite_note-610">[610]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Texas_Courts_of_Appeals" title="Texas Courts of Appeals">Texas Fourth Court of Appeals</a> (2015–2016); <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Western_District_of_Texas" title="United States District Court for the Western District of Texas">United States District Court for the Western District of Texas</a> (2019– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Rudolph R. Pyle III<a href="#cite_note-611">[611]</a> </td> <td>Madison County Circuit Court (2009–2012); <a href="/wiki/Indiana_Court_of_Appeals" title="Indiana Court of Appeals">Indiana Court of Appeals</a> (2012– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Indiana" title="Indiana">Indiana</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/William_D._Quarles_Jr." title="William D. Quarles Jr.">William D. Quarles Jr.</a><a href="#cite_note-612">[612]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Maryland" title="United States District Court for the District of Maryland">United States District Court for the District of Maryland</a> (2003–2016) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland">Maryland</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Peggy_Quince" title="Peggy Quince">Peggy Quince</a><a href="#cite_note-613">[613]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Florida" title="Supreme Court of Florida">Supreme Court of Florida</a> (1999–2019) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Henry Ramsey Jr.<a href="#cite_note-614">[614]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alameda_County_Superior_Court" title="Alameda County Superior Court">Alameda County Superior Court</a> (1981–1990) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Murlene_Randle" title="Murlene Randle">Murlene J. Randle</a><a href="#cite_note-:1-615">[615]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_County_Superior_Court" title="San Francisco County Superior Court">San Francisco County Superior Court</a> (2020– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Robin_Ransom" title="Robin Ransom">Robin Ransom</a><a href="#cite_note-616">[616]</a> </td> <td>St. Louis County Family Court (2002–2008); 22nd Judicial Circuit Court (2008–2018); Missouri Court of Appeals, Eastern District (2019–2021); Missouri Supreme Court (2021– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">Missouri</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Nusrat Rashid<a href="#cite_note-617">[617]</a> </td> <td>Delaware County Court of Common Pleas (2019– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Monique F. Rauls<a href="#cite_note-618">[618]</a> </td> <td>Louisiana 9th Judicial District Court (2015– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Louisiana" title="Louisiana">Louisiana</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Johnnie_B._Rawlinson" title="Johnnie B. Rawlinson">Johnnie B. Rawlinson</a><a href="#cite_note-619">[619]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Nevada" title="United States District Court for the District of Nevada">United States District Court for the District of Nevada</a> (1998–2000); <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Ninth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit</a> (2000– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nevada" title="Nevada">Nevada</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Thomas J. Reddick Jr.<a href="#cite_note-620">[620]</a> </td> <td>Broward County Court of Record; Florida Circuit Court </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Carlton_W._Reeves" title="Carlton W. Reeves">Carlton W. Reeves</a><a href="#cite_note-621">[621]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Southern_District_of_Mississippi" title="United States District Court for the Southern District of Mississippi">United States District Court for the Southern District of Mississippi</a> (2010– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mississippi" title="Mississippi">Mississippi</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Dawna F. Reeves<a href="#cite_note-622">[622]</a> </td> <td>Stanislaus County Superior Court (2008– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Sheldon K. Rennie<a href="#cite_note-623">[623]</a> </td> <td>Superior Court of Delaware (2018– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Delaware" title="Delaware">Delaware</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Gloria Clark Reno<a href="#cite_note-624">[624]</a><a href="#cite_note-625">[625]</a> </td> <td>Missouri 21st Judicial Circuit (2002–2020) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">Missouri</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Dianne_Renwick" title="Dianne Renwick">Dianne Renwick</a><a href="#cite_note-626">[626]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Civil_Court" title="New York City Civil Court">New York City Civil Court</a> (1977–2001); <a href="/wiki/New_York_Supreme_Court" title="New York Supreme Court">New York Supreme Court</a> (2001–2008); <a href="/wiki/Appellate_Division_of_the_Supreme_Court,_First_Judicial_Department" class="mw-redirect" title="Appellate Division of the Supreme Court, First Judicial Department">Supreme Court, First Judicial Department</a> (2008– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Edward A. Reid<a href="#cite_note-627">[627]</a> </td> <td>Camden County Domestic Relations Court (appt. 1956) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_Jersey" title="New Jersey">New Jersey</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Robert L. Reid<a href="#cite_note-628">[628]</a><a href="#cite_note-629">[629]</a> </td> <td>Las Vegas Alternate Municipal Court (appt. 1966-1970) Justice of the Peace for Las Vegas Township (1970– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nevada" title="Nevada">Nevada</a> </td> <td>active<a href="#cite_note-630">[630]</a> </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Scovel_Richardson" title="Scovel Richardson">Scoval Richardson</a><a href="#cite_note-631">[631]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_International_Trade" title="United States Court of International Trade">United States Customs Court</a> (1957–1980); <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_International_Trade" title="United States Court of International Trade">United States Court of International Trade</a> (1980–1982) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Tony L. Richardson<a href="#cite_note-:5-632">[632]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_County_Superior_Court" title="Los Angeles County Superior Court">Los Angeles County Superior Court</a> (2012– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Moxey Rigby<a href="#cite_note-633">[633]</a> </td> <td>Nassau County District Court (elect. 1959) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Elizabeth Riggs<a href="#cite_note-634">[634]</a> </td> <td>San Diego Superior Court (1979–2011) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Frances E. Rivers<a href="#cite_note-635">[635]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_courts" title="New York City courts">New York City Court</a> (1943–1963) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Andree_Layton_Roaf" title="Andree Layton Roaf">Andree Layton Roaf</a><a href="#cite_note-636">[636]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Arkansas_Supreme_Court" title="Arkansas Supreme Court">Arkansas Supreme Court</a> (1995–1996); <a href="/wiki/Arkansas_Court_of_Appeals" title="Arkansas Court of Appeals">Arkansas Court of Appeals</a> (1996–2006) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas">Arkansas</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Richard_W._Roberts" title="Richard W. Roberts">Richard W. Roberts</a><a href="#cite_note-637">[637]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Columbia" title="United States District Court for the District of Columbia">United States District Court for the District of Columbia</a> (1998– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a> </td> <td>inactive </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Terrie E. Roberts<a href="#cite_note-638">[638]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/San_Diego_County_Superior_Court" title="San Diego County Superior Court">San Diego County Superior Court</a> (2019– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Victoria_A._Roberts" title="Victoria A. Roberts">Victoria A. Roberts</a><a href="#cite_note-639">[639]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_Michigan" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan">United States District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan</a> (1998–2023) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Michigan" title="Michigan">Michigan</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Alfred S. Robbins<a href="#cite_note-640">[640]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_Supreme_Court" title="New York Supreme Court">New York State Supreme Court</a> (appt. 1979) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Aubrey_Eugene_Robinson_Jr." title="Aubrey Eugene Robinson Jr.">Aubrey Eugene Robinson Jr.</a><a href="#cite_note-641">[641]</a> </td> <td>Juvenile Court of the District of Columbia (1965–1966); <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Columbia" title="United States District Court for the District of Columbia">United States District Court for the District of Columbia</a> (1966–2000) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>G. Bruce Robinson<a href="#cite_note-642">[642]</a> </td> <td>Boston Juvenile Court (appt. 1948) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Julie_A._Robinson" title="Julie A. Robinson">Julie A. Robinson</a><a href="#cite_note-643">[643]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Kansas" title="United States District Court for the District of Kansas">United States District Court for the District of Kansas</a> (2001– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kansas" title="Kansas">Kansas</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Richard_A._Robinson" title="Richard A. Robinson">Richard A. Robinson</a><a href="#cite_note-644">[644]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Connecticut_Supreme_Court" title="Connecticut Supreme Court">Connecticut Supreme Court</a> (2013–2024) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Connecticut" title="Connecticut">Connecticut</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Spottswood_William_Robinson_III" title="Spottswood William Robinson III">Spottswood William Robinson III</a><a href="#cite_note-645">[645]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Columbia" title="United States District Court for the District of Columbia">United States District Court for the District of Columbia</a> (1964–1966); <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_District_of_Columbia_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit</a> (1966–1998) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Stephen_C._Robinson" title="Stephen C. Robinson">Stephen C. Robinson</a><a href="#cite_note-646">[646]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Southern_District_of_New_York" title="United States District Court for the Southern District of New York">United States District Court for the Southern District of New York</a> (2003–2010) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> </td> <td>resigned </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Edward Rodgers<a href="#cite_note-647">[647]</a> </td> <td>Palm Beach County Court (1973–1995) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Dawn Rogers<a href="#cite_note-648">[648]</a> </td> <td>Harris County District Court (2021– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Judith_Ann_Wilson_Rogers" class="mw-redirect" title="Judith Ann Wilson Rogers">Judith Ann Wilson Rogers</a><a href="#cite_note-649">[649]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/District_of_Columbia_Court_of_Appeals" title="District of Columbia Court of Appeals">District of Columbia Court of Appeals</a> (1983–1994); <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_District_of_Columbia_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit</a> (1994– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Eleanor_L._Ross" title="Eleanor L. Ross">Eleanor L. Ross</a><a href="#cite_note-650">[650]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Northern_District_of_Georgia" title="United States District Court for the Northern District of Georgia">United States District Court for the Northern District of Georgia</a> (2014– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="Georgia (U.S. state)">Georgia</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Joseph D. Roulhac<a href="#cite_note-651">[651]</a> </td> <td>Akron Municipal Court (1967–1987) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Robert_D._Rucker" title="Robert D. Rucker">Robert D. Rucker</a><a href="#cite_note-652">[652]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Indiana_Supreme_Court" title="Indiana Supreme Court">Supreme Court of Indiana</a> (1999–2017) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Indiana" title="Indiana">Indiana</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/George_Lewis_Ruffin" title="George Lewis Ruffin">George Lewis Ruffin</a><a href="#cite_note-653">[653]</a> </td> <td>Municipal Court, Charlestown District (appt. 1883) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>John "Jack" H. Ruffin Jr.<a href="#cite_note-654">[654]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Georgia_Court_of_Appeals" title="Georgia Court of Appeals">Georgia Court of Appeals</a> (1994–2008) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="Georgia (U.S. state)">Georgia</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>George L. Russell Jr.<a href="#cite_note-655">[655]</a> </td> <td>Supreme Bench of Baltimore (1966–1968) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland">Maryland</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/George_L._Russell_III" title="George L. Russell III">George L. Russell III</a><a href="#cite_note-656">[656]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Maryland_Circuit_Courts" title="Maryland Circuit Courts">Maryland Circuit Court, Baltimore City</a> (2007–2012); <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Maryland" title="United States District Court for the District of Maryland">United States District Court for the District of Maryland</a> (2012– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland">Maryland</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Edith_S._Sampson" title="Edith S. Sampson">Edith S. Sampson</a><a href="#cite_note-657">[657]</a> </td> <td>Municipal Court of Chicago (1962–1966); <a href="/wiki/Circuit_Court" class="mw-redirect" title="Circuit Court">Circuit Court</a> of Cook County (1966–1978) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/James_B._Sanderlin" title="James B. Sanderlin">James B. Sanderlin</a><a href="#cite_note-floridasupremecourt.org-658">[658]</a> </td> <td>Pinellas County Court (1972–1985); Florida District Court of Appeals (1985–1987) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Willie_Louis_Sands" title="Willie Louis Sands">Willie Louis Sands</a><a href="#cite_note-659">[659]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Middle_District_of_Georgia" title="United States District Court for the Middle District of Georgia">United States District Court for the Middle District of Georgia</a> (1994– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="Georgia (U.S. state)">Georgia</a> </td> <td>inactive </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Anita L. Santos<a href="#cite_note-660">[660]</a><a href="#cite_note-661">[661]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Contra_Costa_County_Superior_Court" title="Contra Costa County Superior Court">Contra Costa County Superior Court</a> (Commissioner: 2012–2014; Judge: 2014–2022) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Ruth Sconiers<a href="#cite_note-662">[662]</a> </td> <td>Buffalo City Court (1987–1993); New York Supreme Court 8th Judicial District (1993–2010); <a href="/wiki/New_York_Supreme_Court,_Appellate_Division" title="New York Supreme Court, Appellate Division">New York Supreme Court, Appellate Division</a>, Fourth Department (2010–2016) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Calvin L. Scott Jr.<a href="#cite_note-663">[663]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Delaware_Superior_Court" title="Delaware Superior Court">Superior Court of Delaware</a> (2003– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Delaware" title="Delaware">Delaware</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Elisha Scott<a href="#cite_note-664">[664]</a><a href="#cite_note-665">[665]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Michigan_Department_of_Labor_and_Economic_Opportunity" title="Michigan Department of Labor and Economic Opportunity">Michigan Department of Labor</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Michigan" title="Michigan">Michigan</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Gregory Kellam Scott<a href="#cite_note-666">[666]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Colorado_Supreme_Court" title="Colorado Supreme Court">Colorado Supreme Court</a> (1992–2000) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Colorado" title="Colorado">Colorado</a> </td> <td>resigned </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Kai_Scott" title="Kai Scott">Kai Scott</a><a href="#cite_note-667">[667]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Philadelphia_County,_Pennsylvania" title="Philadelphia County, Pennsylvania">Philadelphia County</a> <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania_courts_of_common_pleas" title="Pennsylvania courts of common pleas">Court of Common Pleas</a> (2015–2022); <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_Pennsylvania" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania">United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania</a> (2022– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Mary_Stenson_Scriven" title="Mary Stenson Scriven">Mary Stenson Scriven</a><a href="#cite_note-668">[668]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Middle_District_of_Florida" title="United States District Court for the Middle District of Florida">United States District Court for the Middle District of Florida</a> (2008– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Renard F. Shepard<a href="#cite_note-669">[669]</a> </td> <td>Sacramento County Municipal Court (1998–1998); <a href="/wiki/Superior_Court_of_California_of_the_County_of_Sacramento" class="mw-redirect" title="Superior Court of California of the County of Sacramento">Sacramento County Superior Court</a> (1998– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Leah_Ward_Sears" title="Leah Ward Sears">Leah Ward Sears</a><a href="#cite_note-670">[670]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fulton_County,_Georgia" title="Fulton County, Georgia">Fulton County Superior Court</a> (1988–1992); <a href="/wiki/List_of_justices_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="List of justices of the Supreme Court of Georgia (U.S. state)">Supreme Court of Georgia</a> (1992–2009) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="Georgia (U.S. state)">Georgia</a> </td> <td>resigned </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Myra_C._Selby" title="Myra C. Selby">Myra C. Selby</a><a href="#cite_note-671">[671]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Indiana_Supreme_Court" title="Indiana Supreme Court">Indiana Supreme Court</a> (1995–1999) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Indiana" title="Indiana">Indiana</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Jamel_K._Semper" title="Jamel K. Semper">Jamel K. Semper</a><a href="#cite_note-672">[672]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_New_Jersey" title="United States District Court for the District of New Jersey">United States District Court for the District of New Jersey</a> (2023– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_Jersey" title="New Jersey">New Jersey</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Phyllis Senegal<a href="#cite_note-673">[673]</a> </td> <td>Lake County Superior Court (appt. 1975) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Indiana" title="Indiana">Indiana</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Margaret_B._Seymour" title="Margaret B. Seymour">Margaret B. Seymour</a><a href="#cite_note-Seymour,_Margaret_B-674">[674]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_South_Carolina" title="United States District Court for the District of South Carolina">United States District Court for the District of South Carolina</a> (1996–2022) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/South_Carolina" title="South Carolina">South Carolina</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Charles_Alexander_Shaw" title="Charles Alexander Shaw">Charles Alexander Shaw</a><a href="#cite_note-Joseph_A._Greenaway_Jr-312">[312]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_Missouri" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of Missouri">United States District Court for the Eastern District of Missouri</a> (1993–2020) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">Missouri</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Leander_J._Shaw_Jr." title="Leander J. Shaw Jr.">Leander J. Shaw Jr.</a><a href="#cite_note-floridasupremecourt.org-658">[658]</a> </td> <td>Florida District Courts of Appeal (1979–1983); <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Florida" title="Supreme Court of Florida">Supreme Court of Florida</a> (1983–2003) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Phrasel L. Shelton<a href="#cite_note-675">[675]</a> </td> <td>San Mateo Municipal Court (1976–1988); <a href="/wiki/San_Mateo_County_Superior_Court" title="San Mateo County Superior Court">San Mateo County Superior Court</a> (1988–2004) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Rod Shelton<a href="#cite_note-The_Honorable_Judge_Rod_Shelton-466">[466]</a> </td> <td>San Diego County Superior Court (2007– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Michael_A._Shipp" title="Michael A. Shipp">Michael A. Shipp</a><a href="#cite_note-676">[676]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_New_Jersey" title="United States District Court for the District of New Jersey">United States District Court for the District of New Jersey</a> (2007– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_Jersey" title="New Jersey">New Jersey</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Benjamin Shobe<a href="#cite_note-677">[677]</a> </td> <td>Jefferson County Circuit Court (1976–1992) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky">Kentucky</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Paul_Allen_Simmons" title="Paul Allen Simmons">Paul Allen Simmons</a><a href="#cite_note-678">[678]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Western_District_of_Pennsylvania" title="United States District Court for the Western District of Pennsylvania">United States District Court for the Western District of Pennsylvania</a> (1978–2014) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/James_E._Simmons_Jr." title="James E. Simmons Jr.">James E. Simmons Jr.</a><a href="#cite_note-679">[679]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/San_Diego_County_Superior_Court" title="San Diego County Superior Court">San Diego County Superior Court</a> (2017–2023); <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Southern_District_of_California" title="United States District Court for the Southern District of California">United States District Court for the Southern District of California</a> (2023– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Leah Simms<a href="#cite_note-680">[680]</a> </td> <td>Dade County Superior Court (appt. 1981) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Sandra A. Simms<a href="#cite_note-681">[681]</a> </td> <td>Oahu Circuit Court (1991–2004) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii">Hawaii</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Duke_Slater" title="Duke Slater">Frederick Wayman "Duke" Slater</a><a href="#cite_note-682">[682]</a> </td> <td>Cook County Superior Court (appt. 1960) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Fred_W._Slaughter" title="Fred W. Slaughter">Fred W. Slaughter</a><a href="#cite_note-683">[683]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Orange_County,_California" title="Orange County, California">Orange County</a> <a href="/wiki/California_Superior_Court" class="mw-redirect" title="California Superior Court">Superior Court</a> (2014–2022); <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Central_District_of_California" title="United States District Court for the Central District of California">United States District Court for the Central District of California</a> (2022– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Gregory_M._Sleet" title="Gregory M. Sleet">Gregory M. Sleet</a><a href="#cite_note-684">[684]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Delaware" title="United States District Court for the District of Delaware">United States District Court for the District of Delaware</a> (1998–2018) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Delaware" title="Delaware">Delaware</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Charles Smiley<a href="#cite_note-685">[685]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alameda_County_Superior_Court" title="Alameda County Superior Court">Alameda County Superior Court</a> (Commissioner: 2007–2012; Judge: 2012– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Charles_Z._Smith" title="Charles Z. Smith">Charles Z. Smith</a><a href="#cite_note-686">[686]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Washington_Supreme_Court" title="Washington Supreme Court">Supreme Court of Washington</a> (1998–2002) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Washington_(state)" title="Washington (state)">Washington</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Erithe A. Smith<a href="#cite_note-687">[687]</a> </td> <td>U.S. Bankruptcy Court—Central (1994– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>George Bundy Smith<a href="#cite_note-688">[688]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_Supreme_Court,_Appellate_Division" title="New York Supreme Court, Appellate Division">New York Appellate Division</a>, First Department (1987–1992) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Karla_Smith" title="Karla Smith">Karla Smith</a><a href="#cite_note-689">[689]</a> </td> <td>Montgomery District Court (2012–2015) Montgomery County Circuit Court (2015– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland">Maryland</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Lavenski_Smith" title="Lavenski Smith">Lavenski Smith</a><a href="#cite_note-690">[690]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Arkansas_Supreme_Court" title="Arkansas Supreme Court">Arkansas Supreme Court</a> (1999–2000); <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Eighth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit</a> (2002– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas">Arkansas</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Lori K. Smith<a href="#cite_note-:8-27">[27]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Washington_Court_of_Appeals" title="Washington Court of Appeals">Washington Court of Appeals</a> (2018– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Washington_(state)" title="Washington (state)">Washington</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Lynne H. Smith<a href="#cite_note-:5-632">[632]</a> or Lynne M Hobbs<a href="#cite_note-691">[691]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_County_Superior_Court" title="Los Angeles County Superior Court">Los Angeles County Superior Court</a> (2012– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Micah_W._J._Smith" title="Micah W. J. Smith">Micah W. J. Smith</a><a href="#cite_note-692">[692]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Hawaii" title="United States District Court for the District of Hawaii">United States District Court for the District of Hawaii</a> (2024– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii">Hawaii</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Otis_M._Smith" title="Otis M. Smith">Otis M. Smith</a><a href="#cite_note-693">[693]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Michigan_Supreme_Court" title="Michigan Supreme Court">Michigan Supreme Court</a> (1961–1966) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Michigan" title="Michigan">Michigan</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Rodney_Smith_(judge)" title="Rodney Smith (judge)">Rodney Smith</a><a href="#cite_note-694">[694]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/County_court_(Florida)" title="County court (Florida)">Miami-Dade County Court</a> (2008–2012); <a href="/wiki/Eleventh_Judicial_Circuit_Court_of_Florida" class="mw-redirect" title="Eleventh Judicial Circuit Court of Florida">Eleventh Judicial Circuit Court of Florida</a> (2012–2019); <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Southern_District_of_Florida" title="United States District Court for the Southern District of Florida">United States District Court for the Southern District of Florida</a> (2019– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Doris_Smith-Ribner" title="Doris Smith-Ribner">Doris Smith-Ribner</a><a href="#cite_note-695">[695]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_Court_of_Pennsylvania" title="Commonwealth Court of Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania Commonwealth Court</a> (1987–2009) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Julie_S._Sneed" title="Julie S. Sneed">Julie S. Sneed</a><a href="#cite_note-696">[696]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Middle_District_of_Florida" title="United States District Court for the Middle District of Florida">United States District Court for the Middle District of Florida</a> (2015– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Joe Somers<a href="#cite_note-697">[697]</a> </td> <td>Champaign County Court (elec. 1961) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Theodore O. Spaulding<a href="#cite_note-698">[698]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Superior_Court_of_Pennsylvania" title="Superior Court of Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania Superior Court</a> (appt. 1966) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/James_R._Spencer" title="James R. Spencer">James R. Spencer</a><a href="#cite_note-699">[699]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_Virginia" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia">United States District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia</a> (1986–2017) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Vaino_Spencer" title="Vaino Spencer">Vaino Spencer</a><a href="#cite_note-700">[700]</a> </td> <td>California Second Appellate District (1980–2007) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Erica Standfield Brandon<a href="#cite_note-701">[701]</a> </td> <td>North Carolina 17A Judicial District (2019– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/North_Carolina" title="North Carolina">North Carolina</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Booker T. Stephens<a href="#cite_note-702">[702]</a> </td> <td>Eighth Judicial Circuit, McDowell County (c. 1985–2019) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/West_Virginia" title="West Virginia">West Virginia</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>William H. Stephens<a href="#cite_note-703">[703]</a> </td> <td>Marin County Superior Court </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Barry Stevens<a href="#cite_note-704">[704]</a><a href="#cite_note-705">[705]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Connecticut_Superior_Court" title="Connecticut Superior Court">Superior Court of Connecticut</a> (1994–) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Connecticut" title="Connecticut">Connecticut</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Harold_A._Stevens" title="Harold A. Stevens">Harold A. Stevens</a><a href="#cite_note-706">[706]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Court_of_general_sessions" title="Court of general sessions">New York Court of General Sessions</a> (1950–1955); <a href="/wiki/New_York_Supreme_Court" title="New York Supreme Court">New York Supreme Court</a> (1955–1974); <a href="/wiki/New_York_Court_of_Appeals" title="New York Court of Appeals">New York Court of Appeals</a> (1974–1977) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Carl_E._Stewart" title="Carl E. Stewart">Carl E. Stewart</a><a href="#cite_note-707">[707]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Fifth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit</a> (1994– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Louisiana" title="Louisiana">Louisiana</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>LaToyia Jenkins Stewart<a href="#cite_note-708">[708]</a> </td> <td>Passaic County Superior Court (2017– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_Jersey" title="New Jersey">New Jersey</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Melody_J._Stewart" title="Melody J. Stewart">Melody J. Stewart</a><a href="#cite_note-709">[709]</a> </td> <td>Ohio 8th District Court of Appeals (2006–2019); <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Ohio" title="Supreme Court of Ohio">Supreme Court of Ohio</a> (2019– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Charles M. Stokes<a href="#cite_note-710">[710]</a> </td> <td>King County District Court (1968–1978) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Washington_(state)" title="Washington (state)">Washington</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Jesse_N._Stone" title="Jesse N. Stone">Jesse N. Stone</a><a href="#cite_note-711">[711]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Louisiana_Supreme_Court" title="Louisiana Supreme Court">Supreme Court of Louisiana</a> (1972–1974) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Louisiana" title="Louisiana">Louisiana</a> </td> <td>term ended </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>William Stone<a href="#cite_note-712">[712]</a> </td> <td>Williamsburg-James City County Court (1968–1998) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Rita L. Stotts<a href="#cite_note-:103-71">[71]</a> </td> <td>Circuit Court in the Shelby County (2000–2009) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tennessee" title="Tennessee">Tennessee</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Juanita_Kidd_Stout" title="Juanita Kidd Stout">Juanita Kidd Stout</a><a href="#cite_note-713">[713]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Pennsylvania" title="Supreme Court of Pennsylvania">Supreme Court of Pennsylvania</a> (1988–1989) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Diane Clarke Streett<a href="#cite_note-714">[714]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Delaware_Superior_Court" title="Delaware Superior Court">Superior Court of Delaware</a> (2010– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Delaware" title="Delaware">Delaware</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Emmet_G._Sullivan" title="Emmet G. Sullivan">Emmet G. Sullivan</a><a href="#cite_note-715">[715]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Columbia" title="United States District Court for the District of Columbia">United States District Court for the District of Columbia</a> (1994– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Laura_Taylor_Swain" title="Laura Taylor Swain">Laura Taylor Swain</a><a href="#cite_note-716">[716]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Southern_District_of_New_York" title="United States District Court for the Southern District of New York">United States District Court for the Southern District of New York</a> (2000– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>V. Raymond Swope </td> <td>San Mateo County Superior Court (2010– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Daphne Sykes<a href="#cite_note-717">[717]</a> </td> <td>Orange County Superior Court (2010– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Germaine J. Tanner<a href="#cite_note-718">[718]</a> </td> <td>Harris County District Court (2019– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Jack_Edward_Tanner" title="Jack Edward Tanner">Jack Edward Tanner</a><a href="#cite_note-719">[719]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_Washington" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of Washington">United States District Court for the Eastern District of Washington</a> (1978); <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Western_District_of_Washington" title="United States District Court for the Western District of Washington">United States District Court for the Western District of Washington</a> (1978–1991; 1991–2006) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Washington_(state)" title="Washington (state)">Washington</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Anna_Diggs_Taylor" title="Anna Diggs Taylor">Anna Diggs Taylor</a><a href="#cite_note-720">[720]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_Michigan" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan">United States District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan</a> (1979–2017) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Michigan" title="Michigan">Michigan</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Tricia Taylor<a href="#cite_note-721">[721]</a> </td> <td>Los Angeles County Superior Court (2019– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Wilford Taylor Jr.<a href="#cite_note-722">[722]</a> </td> <td>Hampton District Court (appt. 1995) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Darwin W. Telesiord<a href="#cite_note-723">[723]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_Supreme_Court" title="New York Supreme Court">New York State Supreme Court</a>, First Judicial District (elect. 1964) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Clarence_Thomas" title="Clarence Thomas">Clarence Thomas</a><a href="#cite_note-724">[724]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_District_of_Columbia_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit</a> (1990–1991); <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Supreme Court of the United States">Supreme Court of the United States</a> (1991– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Holly_A._Thomas" title="Holly A. Thomas">Holly A. Thomas</a><a href="#cite_note-725">[725]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_County_Superior_Court" title="Los Angeles County Superior Court">Los Angeles County Superior Court</a> (2018–2022); <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Ninth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit</a> (2022– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Charles_Thomas_(judge)" title="John Charles Thomas (judge)">John Charles Thomas</a><a href="#cite_note-726">[726]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Virginia" title="Supreme Court of Virginia">Supreme Court of Virginia</a> (1983–1989) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a> </td> <td>resigned </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Lawton E. Thomas<a href="#cite_note-727">[727]</a> </td> <td>Negro Municipal Court (appt. 1950; court has since disbanded) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Roderick B. Thomas<a href="#cite_note-728">[728]</a> </td> <td>Dallas County Criminal Court (1874) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alabama" title="Alabama">Alabama</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Lauren Thomasson<a href="#cite_note-729">[729]</a> </td> <td>San Joaquin County Superior Court (2005– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Alvin_W._Thompson" title="Alvin W. Thompson">Alvin W. Thompson</a><a href="#cite_note-730">[730]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Connecticut" title="United States District Court for the District of Connecticut">United States District Court for the District of Connecticut</a> (1994– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Connecticut" title="Connecticut">Connecticut</a> </td> <td>inactive </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Anne_Elise_Thompson" title="Anne Elise Thompson">Anne Elise Thompson</a><a href="#cite_note-731">[731]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_New_Jersey" title="United States District Court for the District of New Jersey">United States District Court for the District of New Jersey</a> (1979–2001) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_Jersey" title="New Jersey">New Jersey</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Emerson R. Thompson Jr.<a href="#cite_note-732">[732]</a> </td> <td>Orange County Court (1976–1980); Ninth Judicial Circuit Court (1980–1993); Florida 5th Judicial Court (1993–2019) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Myron_Herbert_Thompson" class="mw-redirect" title="Myron Herbert Thompson">Myron Herbert Thompson</a><a href="#cite_note-733">[733]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Middle_District_of_Alabama" title="United States District Court for the Middle District of Alabama">United States District Court for the Middle District of Alabama</a> (1980– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alabama" title="Alabama">Alabama</a> </td> <td>inactive </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Ojetta_Rogeriee_Thompson" class="mw-redirect" title="Ojetta Rogeriee Thompson">Ojetta Rogeriee Thompson</a><a href="#cite_note-734">[734]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_First_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit</a> (2010– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rhode_Island" title="Rhode Island">Rhode Island</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Patrick S. Thompson<a href="#cite_note-:6-735">[735]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_County_Superior_Court" title="San Francisco County Superior Court">San Francisco County Superior Court</a> (2022– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Trina_Thompson" title="Trina Thompson">Trina Thompson</a><a href="#cite_note-736">[736]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alameda_County_Superior_Court" title="Alameda County Superior Court">Alameda County Superior Court</a> (2003–2022); <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Northern_District_of_California" title="United States District Court for the Northern District of California">United States District Court for the Northern District of California</a> (2022– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Willie Thompson<a href="#cite_note-737">[737]</a> </td> <td>Supreme Court, Appellate Division, Second Department (ret. 2001) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Sherry M. Thompson-Taylor<a href="#cite_note-:6-735">[735]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/San_Diego_County_Superior_Court" title="San Diego County Superior Court">San Diego County Superior Court</a> (2022– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>C. Elliott Thornton<a href="#cite_note-738">[738]</a> </td> <td>Harris County District Court (2021– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Patricia_Timmons-Goodson" title="Patricia Timmons-Goodson">Patricia Timmons-Goodson</a><a href="#cite_note-739">[739]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/North_Carolina_Supreme_Court" title="North Carolina Supreme Court">North Carolina Supreme Court</a> (2006–2012) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/North_Carolina" title="North Carolina">North Carolina</a> </td> <td>resigned </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Patricia Titus<a href="#cite_note-740">[740]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_County_Superior_Court" title="Los Angeles County Superior Court">Los Angeles County Superior Court</a> (2000– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Demetrica Todd-Ruiz<a href="#cite_note-741">[741]</a> </td> <td>Vineland Municipal Court (2017–2023) Salem Superior Court (2023–) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_Jersey" title="New Jersey">New Jersey</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Shirley_Tolentino" title="Shirley Tolentino">Shirley Tolentino</a><a href="#cite_note-742">[742]</a> </td> <td>Jersey City Municipal Court (1976–1984); New Jersey Superior Court (1984–2010) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_Jersey" title="New Jersey">New Jersey</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Charles H. Toliver IV<a href="#cite_note-743">[743]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Delaware_Superior_Court" title="Delaware Superior Court">Superior Court of Delaware</a> (1990–2014) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Delaware" title="Delaware">Delaware</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Analisa_Torres" title="Analisa Torres">Analisa Torres</a><a href="#cite_note-744">[744]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Criminal_Court" title="New York City Criminal Court">New York City Criminal Court</a> (2000–2002); <a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Civil_Court" title="New York City Civil Court">New York City Civil Court</a> (2003–2004); <a href="/wiki/New_York_Supreme_Court" title="New York Supreme Court">New York Supreme Court</a> (2004–2013); <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Southern_District_of_New_York" title="United States District Court for the Southern District of New York">United States District Court for the Southern District of New York</a> (2013– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Faya_Ora_Rose_Tour%C3%A9" title="Faya Ora Rose Touré">Faya Ora Rose Touré</a><a href="#cite_note-745">[745]</a> </td> <td>Alabama Municipal Courts (1973–1977) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alabama" title="Alabama">Alabama</a> </td> <td>resigned </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Sandra_L._Townes" title="Sandra L. Townes">Sandra L. Townes</a><a href="#cite_note-746">[746]</a> </td> <td>City Court of Syracuse (1988–1999); Fifth Judicial District New York Supreme Court (2000–2004); 2nd Judicial Department of the New York State Supreme Court (2001–2004); <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_New_York" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York">United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York</a> (2004–2018) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Randa Trapp<a href="#cite_note-747">[747]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/San_Diego_County_Superior_Court" title="San Diego County Superior Court">San Diego County Superior Court</a> (ret. 2021) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Marcus O. Tucker<a href="#cite_note-748">[748]</a> </td> <td>Long Beach Municipal Court (appt. 1976–1985); <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_County_Superior_Court" title="Los Angeles County Superior Court">Los Angeles Superior Court</a> (1985–2004) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Petrese_B._Tucker" title="Petrese B. Tucker">Petrese B. Tucker</a><a href="#cite_note-Tucker,_Petrese_B-37">[37]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_Pennsylvania" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania">United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania</a> (2000– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Jasmine_Twitty" title="Jasmine Twitty">Jasmine Twitty</a><a href="#cite_note-749">[749]</a> </td> <td>Easley Municipal Court (2015– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/South_Carolina" title="South Carolina">South Carolina</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Ralph_E._Tyson" title="Ralph E. Tyson">Ralph E. Tyson</a><a href="#cite_note-750">[750]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Middle_District_of_Louisiana" title="United States District Court for the Middle District of Louisiana">United States District Court for the Middle District of Louisiana</a> (1998–2011) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Louisiana" title="Louisiana">Louisiana</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Franklin_U._Valderrama" title="Franklin U. Valderrama">Franklin U. Valderrama</a><a href="#cite_note-751">[751]</a> </td> <td>Circuit Court of Cook County (2007–2020); <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Northern_District_of_Illinois" title="United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois">United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois</a> (2020– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Leo Valentine Jr.<a href="#cite_note-752">[752]</a> </td> <td>San Diego Municipal Court (1995–1998); San Diego County Superior Court (1998–2019) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Holly Veal<a href="#cite_note-:3-171">[171]</a><a href="#cite_note-753">[753]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Henry_County,_Georgia" title="Henry County, Georgia">Henry County</a> Superior Court (Flint Judicial Circuit) (2018– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="Georgia (U.S. state)">Georgia</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Teresa Vincent<a href="#cite_note-754">[754]</a> </td> <td>Guilford County District Court (2019– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/North_Carolina" title="North Carolina">North Carolina</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Cornelius_Waddy" title="Joseph Cornelius Waddy">Joseph Cornelius Waddy</a><a href="#cite_note-755">[755]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Columbia" title="United States District Court for the District of Columbia">United States District Court for the District of Columbia</a>.(1967–1978) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Herman G. Walker<a href="#cite_note-756">[756]</a> </td> <td>Superior Court of Alaska-Anchorage (2015– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alaska" title="Alaska">Alaska</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Jamar_K._Walker" title="Jamar K. Walker">Jamar K. Walker</a><a href="#cite_note-757">[757]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_Virginia" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia">United States District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia</a> (2023– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Toni Wallace<a href="#cite_note-758">[758]</a> </td> <td>Fort Bend County Court at Law No.5 (2016– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/William_H._Walls" title="William H. Walls">William H. Walls</a><a href="#cite_note-759">[759]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_New_Jersey" title="United States District Court for the District of New Jersey">United States District Court for the District of New Jersey</a> (1994–2019) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_Jersey" title="New Jersey">New Jersey</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Reggie_Walton" title="Reggie Walton">Reggie Walton</a><a href="#cite_note-760">[760]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Columbia" title="United States District Court for the District of Columbia">United States District Court for the District of Columbia</a> (2001– ); <a href="/wiki/United_States_Foreign_Intelligence_Surveillance_Court" title="United States Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court">United States Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court</a> (2007–2014) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Horace_Ward" title="Horace Ward">Horace Ward</a><a href="#cite_note-761">[761]</a> </td> <td>Fulton County Civil Court (1974–1977); Superior Court of Fulton County (1977–1979); <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Northern_District_of_Georgia" title="United States District Court for the Northern District of Georgia">United States District Court for the Northern District of Georgia</a> (1979–2016) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="Georgia (U.S. state)">Georgia</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/James_Ware_(judge)" title="James Ware (judge)">James Ware</a><a href="#cite_note-762">[762]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Northern_District_of_California" title="United States District Court for the Northern District of California">United States District Court for the Northern District of California</a> (1990–2012) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Joyce_Williams_Warren" title="Joyce Williams Warren">Joyce Elise Williams Warren</a><a href="#cite_note-763">[763]</a> </td> <td>Pulaski County Juvenile Court (1983–1990); Arkansas Sixth Judicial District (1991–2020) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas">Arkansas</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Lisa R. Washington<a href="#cite_note-764">[764]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_County_Superior_Court" title="Los Angeles County Superior Court">Los Angeles County Superior Court</a> (2020– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Pamela_Scott_Washington" title="Pamela Scott Washington">Pamela Scott Washington</a><a href="#cite_note-765">[765]</a> </td> <td>Alaska District Court (2010– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alaska" title="Alaska">Alaska</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Paul_J._Watford" title="Paul J. Watford">Paul J. Watford</a><a href="#cite_note-766">[766]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Ninth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit</a> (2012–2023) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>resigned </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/James_Lopez_Watson" title="James Lopez Watson">James Lopez Watson</a><a href="#cite_note-767">[767]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Customs_Court" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Customs Court">United States Customs Court</a> (1966–1980); <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_International_Trade" title="United States Court of International Trade">United States Court of International Trade</a> (1980–2001) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Robert B. Watts<a href="#cite_note-768">[768]</a> </td> <td>Baltimore Municipal Court (appt. 1960); Supreme Bench of Baltimore City (1968–1985) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland">Maryland</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Gerald Webb<a href="#cite_note-769">[769]</a> </td> <td>Hamilton County General Sessions Court (2019– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tennessee" title="Tennessee">Tennessee</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/E._Gregory_Wells" title="E. Gregory Wells">E. Gregory Wells</a><a href="#cite_note-770">[770]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Maryland_Court_of_Special_Appeals" class="mw-redirect" title="Maryland Court of Special Appeals">Maryland Court of Special Appeals</a> (2019– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland">Maryland</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Ryan Wells<a href="#cite_note-thepress.net-771">[771]</a> </td> <td>Fresno County Superior Court (2021– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Briana Westry-Robinson<a href="#cite_note-772">[772]</a> </td> <td>Wilcox County District Court (2017– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alabama" title="Alabama">Alabama</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Nancy Cornelia Wheeler (formerly Francis)<a href="#cite_note-773">[773]</a> </td> <td>Washtenaw County Trial Court (1990–2014) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Michigan" title="Michigan">Michigan</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Charles W. White<a href="#cite_note-774">[774]</a> </td> <td>Court of Common Pleas (appt. 1955) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/George_Washington_White" title="George Washington White">George Washington White</a><a href="#cite_note-775">[775]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Northern_District_of_Ohio" title="United States District Court for the Northern District of Ohio">United States District Court for the Northern District of Ohio</a> (1980–2011) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Maxine_Aldridge_White" title="Maxine Aldridge White">Maxine White</a><a href="#cite_note-776">[776]</a> </td> <td>Milwaukee County Court (1992–2020) <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Court_of_Appeals" title="Wisconsin Court of Appeals">Wisconsin Court of Appeals</a> (2020– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin" title="Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Ronnie_L._White" title="Ronnie L. White">Ronnie L. White</a><a href="#cite_note-777">[777]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Missouri" title="Supreme Court of Missouri">Supreme Court of Missouri</a> (1995–2007); <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_Missouri" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of Missouri">United States District Court for the Eastern District of Missouri</a> (2014–2024) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">Missouri</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Jamal_Whitehead" title="Jamal Whitehead">Jamal Whitehead</a><a href="#cite_note-778">[778]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Western_District_of_Washington" title="United States District Court for the Western District of Washington">United States District Court for the Western District of Washington</a> (2023– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Washington_(state)" title="Washington (state)">Washington</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Helen_Whitener" title="Helen Whitener">Helen Whitener</a><a href="#cite_note-779">[779]</a> </td> <td>Pierce County Superior Court (2015–2020); <a href="/wiki/Washington_Supreme_Court" title="Washington Supreme Court">Washington Supreme Court</a> (2020– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Washington_(state)" title="Washington (state)">Washington</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Marshall I. Whitley<a href="#cite_note-780">[780]</a> </td> <td>Alameda County Municipal Court (1993–1998); <a href="/wiki/Alameda_County_Superior_Court" title="Alameda County Superior Court">Alameda County Superior Court</a> (1998–2013) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Tadia Whitner<a href="#cite_note-781">[781]</a> </td> <td>Gwinnett County Superior Court (2019– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="Georgia (U.S. state)">Georgia</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Susan_D._Wigenton" title="Susan D. Wigenton">Susan D. Wigenton</a><a href="#cite_note-782">[782]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_New_Jersey" title="United States District Court for the District of New Jersey">United States District Court for the District of New Jersey</a> (2006– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_Jersey" title="New Jersey">New Jersey</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Alton W. Wiley Sr.<a href="#cite_note-783">[783]</a> </td> <td>Rhode Island District Court (1981–1991); <a href="/wiki/Rhode_Island_Superior_Court" title="Rhode Island Superior Court">Rhode Island Superior Court</a> (appt. 1991) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rhode_Island" title="Rhode Island">Rhode Island</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Monica Wiley<a href="#cite_note-784">[784]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_County_Superior_Court" title="San Francisco County Superior Court">San Francisco County Superior Court</a> (2009– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Henry "Hank" Wilkins IV<a href="#cite_note-785">[785]</a><a href="#cite_note-786">[786]</a> </td> <td>Jefferson County Court (2017–2018) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas">Arkansas</a> </td> <td>resigned </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Robert_L._Wilkins" title="Robert L. Wilkins">Robert L. Wilkins</a><a href="#cite_note-787">[787]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Columbia" title="United States District Court for the District of Columbia">United States District Court for the District of Columbia</a> (2010–2014); <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_District_of_Columbia_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit</a> (2014– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Williams_Jr." title="Alexander Williams Jr.">Alexander Williams Jr.</a><a href="#cite_note-788">[788]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Maryland" title="United States District Court for the District of Maryland">United States District Court for the District of Maryland</a> (1994–2014) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland">Maryland</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Ann_Claire_Williams" title="Ann Claire Williams">Ann Claire Williams</a><a href="#cite_note-789">[789]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Northern_District_of_Illinois" title="United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois">United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois</a> (1985–1999); <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Seventh_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit</a> (1999–2018) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Arthur G. Williams<a href="#cite_note-:0-81">[81]</a> </td> <td>Madison Circuit Court </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Connecticut" title="Connecticut">Connecticut</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/David_W._Williams" title="David W. Williams">David W. Williams</a><a href="#cite_note-790">[790]</a> </td> <td>Los Angeles Municipal Court (1956–1962); <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_County_Superior_Court" title="Los Angeles County Superior Court">Los Angeles County Superior Court</a> (1962–1969); <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Central_District_of_California" title="United States District Court for the Central District of California">United States District Court for the Central District of California</a> (1969–2000) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Felicia Toney Williams<a href="#cite_note-791">[791]</a><a href="#cite_note-792">[792]</a> </td> <td>Louisiana Second Circuit Court of Appeal (1992–2020) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Louisiana" title="Louisiana">Louisiana</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Gregory_B._Williams" title="Gregory B. Williams">Gregory B. Williams</a><a href="#cite_note-793">[793]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Delaware" title="United States District Court for the District of Delaware">United States District Court for the District of Delaware</a> (2022– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Delaware" title="Delaware">Delaware</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Janice M. Williams<a href="#cite_note-:2-557">[557]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Solano_County_Superior_Court" title="Solano County Superior Court">Solano County Superior Court</a> (2021– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Jean Williams<a href="#cite_note-794">[794]</a> </td> <td>Tucson Municipal Courts (1974–1976); Phoenix Municipal Court (1976–1996) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Arizona" title="Arizona">Arizona</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>LaShawn A. Williams<a href="#cite_note-795">[795]</a> </td> <td>Harris County Civil. Court at Law #3 (2018– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Karen_M._Williams" title="Karen M. Williams">Karen M. Williams</a><a href="#cite_note-796">[796]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_New_Jersey" title="United States District Court for the District of New Jersey">United States District Court for the District of New Jersey</a> (2009– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_Jersey" title="New Jersey">New Jersey</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Milton L. Williams<a href="#cite_note-797">[797]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_Supreme_Court" title="New York Supreme Court">Supreme Court of the State of New York</a> (1993–2002, 2003–2008) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Oliver D. Williams<a href="#cite_note-798">[798]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_Supreme_Court" title="New York Supreme Court">New York State Supreme Court</a> (1963–1968) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Omar_A._Williams" title="Omar A. Williams">Omar A. Williams</a><a href="#cite_note-799">[799]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Connecticut_Superior_Court" title="Connecticut Superior Court">Connecticut Superior Court for the District of New London</a> (2016–2021); <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Connecticut" title="United States District Court for the District of Connecticut">United States District Court for the District of Connecticut</a> (2021– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Connecticut" title="Connecticut">Connecticut</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Charles_J._Willoughby_Jr." title="Charles J. Willoughby Jr.">Charles J. Willoughby Jr.</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Superior_Court_of_the_District_of_Columbia" title="Superior Court of the District of Columbia">Superior Court of the District of Columbia</a> (2024– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Charles_R._Wilson_(judge)" title="Charles R. Wilson (judge)">Charles R. Wilson</a><a href="#cite_note-800">[800]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Eleventh_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit</a> (1999– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Lionel Wilson<a href="#cite_note-801">[801]</a> </td> <td>Alameda County Municipal Court (1960–1964); <a href="/wiki/Alameda_County_Superior_Court" title="Alameda County Superior Court">Alameda County Superior Court</a> (1964–1977) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Brian_C._Wimes" title="Brian C. Wimes">Brian C. Wimes</a><a href="#cite_note-802">[802]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Western_District_of_Missouri" title="United States District Court for the Western District of Missouri">United States District Court for the Western District of Missouri</a>/<a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_Missouri" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of Missouri">United States District Court for the Eastern District of Missouri</a> (2012– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">Missouri</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Henry_Travillion_Wingate" title="Henry Travillion Wingate">Henry Travillion Wingate</a><a href="#cite_note-Abdul_Kallon-434">[434]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Southern_District_of_Mississippi" title="United States District Court for the Southern District of Mississippi">United States District Court for the Southern District of Mississippi</a> (1985– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alabama" title="Alabama">Alabama</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Joan Winn<a href="#cite_note-803">[803]</a><a href="#cite_note-804">[804]</a> </td> <td>Dallas County Court at Law (1975–1978); 191st District Court (appt. 1978) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Andrea_R._Wood" class="mw-redirect" title="Andrea R. Wood">Andrea R. Wood</a><a href="#cite_note-805">[805]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Northern_District_of_Illinois" title="United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois">United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois</a> (2013– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Gregory_Howard_Woods" class="mw-redirect" title="Gregory Howard Woods">Gregory Howard Woods</a><a href="#cite_note-806">[806]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Southern_District_of_New_York" title="United States District Court for the Southern District of New York">United States District Court for the Southern District of New York</a> (2013– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Joseph Wood<a href="#cite_note-807">[807]</a><a href="#cite_note-808">[808]</a> </td> <td>Washington County (2017–2023?) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas">Arkansas</a> </td> <td>resigned to seek different office </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>W. Fillmore Wood<a href="#cite_note-:0-81">[81]</a> </td> <td>Union County Court </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_Jersey" title="New Jersey">New Jersey</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Jasper_Wright" title="Jonathan Jasper Wright">Jonathan Jasper Wright</a><a href="#cite_note-jjw-590">[590]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/South_Carolina_Supreme_Court" title="South Carolina Supreme Court">Supreme Court of South Carolina</a> (1870–1877) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/South_Carolina" title="South Carolina">South Carolina</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Otis_D._Wright_II" title="Otis D. Wright II">Otis D. Wright II</a><a href="#cite_note-809">[809]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_County_Superior_Court" title="Los Angeles County Superior Court">Los Angeles County Superior Court</a> (2005–2007); <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Central_District_of_California" title="United States District Court for the Central District of California">United States District Court for the Central District of California</a> (2007– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Wilhelmina_Wright" title="Wilhelmina Wright">Wilhelmina Wright</a><a href="#cite_note-810">[810]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ramsey_County,_Minnesota" title="Ramsey County, Minnesota">Ramsey County District Court</a> (2000–2002); <a href="/wiki/Minnesota_Court_of_Appeals" title="Minnesota Court of Appeals">Minnesota Court of Appeals</a> (2002–2012); <a href="/wiki/Minnesota_Supreme_Court" title="Minnesota Supreme Court">Minnesota Supreme Court</a> (2012–2016); <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Minnesota" title="United States District Court for the District of Minnesota">United States District Court for the District of Minnesota</a> (2016– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Minnesota" title="Minnesota">Minnesota</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/James_A._Wynn_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="James A. Wynn Jr.">James A. Wynn Jr.</a><a href="#cite_note-811">[811]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/North_Carolina_Supreme_Court" title="North Carolina Supreme Court">North Carolina Supreme Court</a> (1998); <a href="/wiki/North_Carolina_Court_of_Appeals" title="North Carolina Court of Appeals">North Carolina Court of Appeals</a> (1999–2010); <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Fourth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit</a> (2010– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/North_Carolina" title="North Carolina">North Carolina</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Robert W. Yancey<a href="#cite_note-812">[812]</a> </td> <td>Essex County Court (1960–1972) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_Jersey" title="New Jersey">New Jersey</a> </td> <td>deceased </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Staci_Michelle_Yandle" class="mw-redirect" title="Staci Michelle Yandle">Staci Michelle Yandle</a><a href="#cite_note-813">[813]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Southern_District_of_Illinois" title="United States District Court for the Southern District of Illinois">United States District Court for the Southern District of Illinois</a> (2014– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>K. Patrick Yarbrough<a href="#cite_note-814">[814]</a> </td> <td>Illinois 17th Judicial Circuit Court (2007–2019) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a> </td> <td>retired </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td>Lowynn Y. Young<a href="#cite_note-815">[815]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_County_Superior_Court" title="Los Angeles County Superior Court">Los Angeles County Superior Court</a> (2021– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Reuben_Young" title="Reuben Young">Reuben Young</a><a href="#cite_note-816">[816]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/North_Carolina_Court_of_Appeals" title="North Carolina Court of Appeals">North Carolina Court of Appeals</a> (2019–2020) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/North_Carolina" title="North Carolina">North Carolina</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/Roderick_C._Young" title="Roderick C. Young">Roderick C. Young</a><a href="#cite_note-817">[817]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_Virginia" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia">United States District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia</a> (2014– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#DCE5E5"> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Milton_Younge" title="John Milton Younge">John Milton Younge</a><a href="#cite_note-818">[818]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania_courts_of_common_pleas" title="Pennsylvania courts of common pleas">Court of Common Pleas for Philadelphia County</a> (1996–2019); <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_Pennsylvania" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania">United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania</a> (2019– ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a> </td> <td>active </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_African_American_jurists&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_African_American_federal_judges" title="List of African American federal judges">List of African American federal judges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Asian_American_jurists" title="List of Asian American jurists">List of Asian American jurists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Hispanic_and_Latino_American_jurists" title="List of Hispanic and Latino American jurists">List of Hispanic and Latino American jurists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Jewish_American_jurists" title="List of Jewish American jurists">List of Jewish American jurists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_LGBT_jurists_in_the_United_States" title="List of LGBT jurists in the United States">List of LGBT jurists in the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Native_American_jurists" title="List of Native American jurists">List of Native American jurists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_first_women_lawyers_and_judges_in_the_United_States" title="List of first women lawyers and judges in the United States">List of first women lawyers and judges in the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_first_minority_male_lawyers_and_judges_in_the_United_States" title="List of first minority male lawyers and judges in the United States">List of first minority male lawyers and judges in the United States</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_African_American_jurists&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media 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Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: University of Pennsylvania Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780812216851" title="Special:BookSources/9780812216851"><bdi>9780812216851</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Emancipation%3A+The+Making+of+the+Black+Lawyer%2C+1844%E2%80%931944&rft.place=Philadelphia%2C+Pennsylvania&rft.pub=University+of+Pennsylvania+Press&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=9780812216851&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=John+Clay+Jr.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D1lOIjQUG4aoC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+African+American+jurists" class="Z3988"> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid 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.navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="African_Americans629" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #d1eaeb;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:African_American_topics" title="Template:African American topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:African_American_topics" title="Template talk:African American topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:African_American_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:African American topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="African_Americans629" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/African_Americans" title="African Americans">African Americans</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #d1eaeb;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/African-American_history" title="African-American history">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_African-American_history" title="Timeline of African-American history">Timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abolitionism_in_the_United_States" title="Abolitionism in the United States">Abolitionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_American_founding_fathers_of_the_United_States" title="African American founding fathers of the United States">African American founding fathers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afrocentrism" title="Afrocentrism">Afrocentrism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">American Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade" title="Atlantic slave trade">Atlantic slave trade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Codes_(United_States)" title="Black Codes (United States)">Black Codes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_cowboys" title="Black cowboys">Black cowboys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_genocide_in_the_United_States" title="Black genocide in the United States">Black genocide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Lives_Matter" title="Black Lives Matter">Black Lives Matter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brown_v._Board_of_Education" title="Brown v. Board of Education">Brown v. Board of Education</a> (1954)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Children_of_the_plantation" title="Children of the plantation">Children of the plantation</a></li> <li>Civil Rights Acts <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Civil_Rights_Act_of_1964" title="Civil Rights Act of 1964">1964</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965" title="Voting Rights Act of 1965">Voting Rights Act of 1965</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civil_Rights_Act_of_1968" title="Civil Rights Act of 1968">1968</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civil_rights_movement_(1865%E2%80%931896)" title="Civil rights movement (1865–1896)">Civil rights movement 1865–1896</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civil_rights_movement_(1896%E2%80%931954)" title="Civil rights movement (1896–1954)">Civil right movement 1896–1954</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civil_rights_movement" title="Civil rights movement">Civil rights movement 1954–1968</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Montgomery_bus_boycott" title="Montgomery bus boycott">Montgomery bus boycott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Browder_v._Gayle" title="Browder v. Gayle">Browder v. Gayle</a> (1956)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sit-in_movement" title="Sit-in movement">Sit-in movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_Riders" title="Freedom Riders">Freedom Riders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birmingham_campaign" title="Birmingham campaign">Birmingham movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_on_Washington" title="March on Washington">March on Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_Summer" title="Freedom Summer">Freedom Summer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selma_to_Montgomery_marches" title="Selma to Montgomery marches">Selma to Montgomery marches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Freedom_Movement" title="Chicago Freedom Movement">Chicago Freedom Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post%E2%80%93civil_rights_era_in_African-American_history" title="Post–civil rights era in African-American history">Post–civil rights era</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornerstone_Speech" title="Cornerstone Speech">Cornerstone Speech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_the_African_diaspora" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the African diaspora">COVID-19 impact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dred_Scott_v._Sandford" title="Dred Scott v. Sandford">Dred Scott v. Sandford</a> (1857)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_Negro" title="Free Negro">Free Negro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_people_of_color" title="Free people of color">Free people of color</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Floyd_protests" title="George Floyd protests">George Floyd protests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Migration_(African_American)" title="Great Migration (African American)">Great Migration</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Second_Great_Migration_(African_American)" title="Second Great Migration (African American)">Second</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Great_Migration" title="New Great Migration">New</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exodusters" title="Exodusters">Exodusters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_inauguration_of_Barack_Obama" title="First inauguration of Barack Obama">Inauguration of Barack Obama 2009</a> / <a href="/wiki/Second_inauguration_of_Barack_Obama" title="Second inauguration of Barack Obama">Inauguration of Barack Obama 2013</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Crow_laws" title="Jim Crow laws">Jim Crow laws</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lynching_in_the_United_States" title="Lynching in the United States">Lynching</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_African_Americans" title="Military history of African Americans">Military history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Million_Man_March" title="Million Man March">Million Man March</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nadir_of_American_race_relations" title="Nadir of American race relations">Nadir of American race relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Negro_Motorist_Green_Book" title="The Negro Motorist Green Book">The Negro Motorist Green Book</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Partus_sequitur_ventrem" title="Partus sequitur ventrem">Partus sequitur ventrem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plantation_complexes_in_the_Southern_United_States" title="Plantation complexes in the Southern United States">Plantations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plessy_v._Ferguson" title="Plessy v. Ferguson">Plessy v. Ferguson</a> (1896)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reconstruction_Amendments" title="Reconstruction Amendments">Reconstruction Amendments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reconstruction_era" title="Reconstruction era">Reconstruction era</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redlining" title="Redlining">Redlining</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Separate_but_equal" title="Separate but equal">Separate but equal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silent_Parade" title="Silent Parade">Silent Parade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slavery_in_the_United_States" title="Slavery in the United States">Slavery</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Treatment_of_slaves_in_the_United_States" title="Treatment of slaves in the United States">Treatment of slaves</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tulsa_race_massacre" title="Tulsa race massacre">Tulsa race massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Underground_Railroad" title="Underground Railroad">Underground Railroad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African-American_women%27s_suffrage_movement" title="African-American women's suffrage movement">Women's suffrage movement</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #d1eaeb;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/African-American_culture" title="African-American culture">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afrofuturism" title="Afrofuturism">Afrofuturism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African-American_art" title="African-American art">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_mecca" title="Black mecca">Black mecca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black-owned_business" title="Black-owned business">Businesses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African-American_dance" title="African-American dance">Dance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African-American_family_structure" title="African-American family structure">Family structure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_film" title="Black film">Film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African-American_folktales" title="African-American folktales">Folktales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African-American_hair" title="African-American hair">Hair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harlem_Renaissance" title="Harlem Renaissance">Harlem Renaissance</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_Negro" title="New Negro">New Negro</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hoodoo_(spirituality)" title="Hoodoo (spirituality)">Hoodoo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juneteenth" title="Juneteenth">Juneteenth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kwanzaa" title="Kwanzaa">Kwanzaa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African-American_LGBTQ_community" title="African-American LGBTQ community">LGBTQ community</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African-American_literature" title="African-American literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African-American_music" title="African-American music">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African-American_musical_theater" title="African-American musical theater">Musical theater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African-American_names" title="African-American names">Names</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lift_Every_Voice_and_Sing" title="Lift Every Voice and Sing">Negro National Anthem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African-American_neighborhood" title="African-American neighborhood">Neighborhoods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_American_newspapers" title="African American newspapers">Newspapers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soul_food" title="Soul food">Soul food</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stereotypes_of_African_Americans" title="Stereotypes of African Americans">Stereotypes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African-American_middle_class" title="African-American middle class">Middle class</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African-American_upper_class" title="African-American upper class">Upper class</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #d1eaeb;;width:1%">Notable people</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Abernathy" title="Ralph Abernathy">Ralph Abernathy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maya_Angelou" title="Maya Angelou">Maya Angelou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crispus_Attucks" title="Crispus Attucks">Crispus Attucks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Baldwin" title="James Baldwin">James Baldwin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Bevel" title="James Bevel">James Bevel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julian_Bond" title="Julian Bond">Julian Bond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amelia_Boynton_Robinson" title="Amelia Boynton Robinson">Amelia Boynton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Bradley_(former_slave)" title="James Bradley (former slave)">James Bradley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun" title="Carol Moseley Braun">Carol Moseley Braun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Brooke" title="Edward Brooke">Edward Brooke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blanche_Bruce" title="Blanche Bruce">Blanche Bruce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Bunche" title="Ralph Bunche">Ralph Bunche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Washington_Carver" title="George Washington Carver">George Washington Carver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shirley_Chisholm" title="Shirley Chisholm">Shirley Chisholm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claudette_Colvin" title="Claudette Colvin">Claudette Colvin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Douglass" title="Frederick Douglass">Frederick Douglass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W._E._B._Du_Bois" title="W. E. B. Du Bois">W. E. B. Du Bois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medgar_Evers" title="Medgar Evers">Medgar Evers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Farmer" title="James Farmer">James Farmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Highland_Garnet" title="Henry Highland Garnet">Henry Highland Garnet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcus_Garvey" title="Marcus Garvey">Marcus Garvey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Gray_(attorney)" title="Fred Gray (attorney)">Fred Gray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fannie_Lou_Hamer" title="Fannie Lou Hamer">Fannie Lou Hamer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamala_Harris" title="Kamala Harris">Kamala Harris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jimi_Hendrix" title="Jimi Hendrix">Jimi Hendrix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesse_Jackson" title="Jesse Jackson">Jesse Jackson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ketanji_Brown_Jackson" title="Ketanji Brown Jackson">Ketanji Brown Jackson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Jackson" title="Michael Jackson">Michael Jackson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harriet_Jacobs" title="Harriet Jacobs">Harriet Jacobs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Jordan" title="Barbara Jordan">Barbara Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coretta_Scott_King" title="Coretta Scott King">Coretta Scott King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Luther_King_Jr." title="Martin Luther King Jr.">Martin Luther King Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Lafayette" title="Bernard Lafayette">Bernard Lafayette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Lawson_(activist)" title="James Lawson (activist)">James Lawson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lead_Belly" title="Lead Belly">Huddie Ledbetter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Lewis" title="John Lewis">John Lewis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Lowery" title="Joseph Lowery">Joseph Lowery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malcolm_X" title="Malcolm X">Malcolm X</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thurgood_Marshall" title="Thurgood Marshall">Thurgood Marshall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toni_Morrison" title="Toni Morrison">Toni Morrison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Moses_(activist)" title="Bob Moses (activist)">Bob Moses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diane_Nash" title="Diane Nash">Diane Nash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michelle_Obama" title="Michelle Obama">Michelle Obama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosa_Parks" title="Rosa Parks">Rosa Parks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adam_Clayton_Powell_Jr." title="Adam Clayton Powell Jr.">Adam Clayton Powell Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colin_Powell" title="Colin Powell">Colin Powell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabriel%27s_Rebellion#Gabriel_Prosser" title="Gabriel's Rebellion">Gabriel Prosser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Rainey" title="Joseph Rainey">Joseph Rainey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._Philip_Randolph" title="A. Philip Randolph">A. Philip Randolph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiram_R._Revels" title="Hiram R. Revels">Hiram Revels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Robeson" title="Paul Robeson">Paul Robeson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al_Sharpton" title="Al Sharpton">Al Sharpton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Shuttlesworth" title="Fred Shuttlesworth">Fred Shuttlesworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clarence_Thomas" title="Clarence Thomas">Clarence Thomas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emmett_Till" title="Emmett Till">Emmett Till</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sojourner_Truth" title="Sojourner Truth">Sojourner Truth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harriet_Tubman" title="Harriet Tubman">Harriet Tubman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nat_Turner%27s_Rebellion" title="Nat Turner's Rebellion">Nat Turner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denmark_Vesey" title="Denmark Vesey">Denmark Vesey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._T._Vivian" title="C. T. Vivian">C. T. Vivian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Walker_(abolitionist)" title="David Walker (abolitionist)">David Walker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Booker_T._Washington" title="Booker T. Washington">Booker T. Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ida_B._Wells" title="Ida B. Wells">Ida B. Wells</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roy_Wilkins" title="Roy Wilkins">Roy Wilkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oprah_Winfrey" title="Oprah Winfrey">Oprah Winfrey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Young" title="Andrew Young">Andrew Young</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whitney_Young" title="Whitney Young">Whitney Young</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #d1eaeb;;width:1%">Education, science and technology</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_studies" title="Black studies">Black studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_African-American_education" title="History of African-American education">Black schools</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historically_black_colleges_and_universities" title="Historically black colleges and universities">Historically black colleges and universities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_African-American_inventors_and_scientists" title="List of African-American inventors and scientists">Inventors and scientists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_museums_focused_on_African_Americans" title="List of museums focused on African Americans">Museums</a></li> <li>Women <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African-American_women_in_computer_science" title="African-American women in computer science">in computer science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_African-American_women_in_medicine" title="List of African-American women in medicine">in medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_African-American_women_in_STEM_fields" title="List of African-American women in STEM fields">in STEM fields</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #d1eaeb;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Religion_of_Black_Americans" title="Religion of Black Americans">Religion</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African-American_Jews" title="African-American Jews">African-American Jews</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African-American_Muslims" title="African-American Muslims">Islam</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Society_of_Muslims" title="American Society of Muslims">American Society of Muslims</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nation_of_Islam" title="Nation of Islam">Nation of Islam</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_church" title="Black church">Black church</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Azusa_Street_Revival" title="Azusa Street Revival">Azusa Street Revival</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Hebrew_Israelites" title="Black Hebrew Israelites">Black Hebrew Israelites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_theology" title="Black theology">Black theology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Father_Divine#Doctrine" title="Father Divine">Doctrine of Father Divine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #d1eaeb;;width:1%">Political movements</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_anarchism" title="Black anarchism">Anarchism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Back-to-Africa_movement" title="Back-to-Africa movement">Back-to-Africa movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_power" title="Black power">Black power</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_power_movement" title="Black power movement">Movement</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_capitalism" title="Black capitalism">Capitalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_conservatism" title="Black conservatism">Conservatism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African-American_leftism" title="African-American leftism">Leftism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan-Africanism" title="Pan-Africanism">Pan-Africanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_populism" title="Black populism">Populism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raised_fist" title="Raised fist">Raised fist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African-American_self-determination" title="African-American self-determination">Self-determination</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_nationalism" title="Black nationalism">Nationalism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African-American_socialism" title="African-American socialism">Socialism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #d1eaeb;;width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Civic and economic groups</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Association_for_the_Study_of_African_American_Life_and_History" title="Association for the Study of African American Life and History">Association for the Study of African American Life and History (ASALH)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Panther_Party" title="Black Panther Party">Black Panther Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congress_of_Racial_Equality" title="Congress of Racial Equality">Congress of Racial Equality (CORE)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NAACP" title="NAACP">National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nashville_Student_Movement" title="Nashville Student Movement">Nashville Student Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Black_Chamber_of_Commerce" title="National Black Chamber of Commerce">National Black Chamber of Commerce (NBCC)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Council_of_Negro_Women" title="National Council of Negro Women">National Council of Negro Women (NCNW)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Pan-Hellenic_Council" title="National Pan-Hellenic Council">National Pan-Hellenic Council (NPHC)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Urban_League" title="National Urban League">National Urban League (NUL)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Christian_Leadership_Conference" title="Southern Christian Leadership Conference">Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Student_Nonviolent_Coordinating_Committee" title="Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee">Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thurgood_Marshall_College_Fund" title="Thurgood Marshall College Fund">Thurgood Marshall College Fund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UNCF" title="UNCF">United Negro College Fund (UNCF)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_Negro_Improvement_Association_and_African_Communities_League" title="Universal Negro Improvement Association and African Communities League">Universal Negro Improvement Association and African Communities League (UNIA-ACL)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #d1eaeb;;width:1%">Sports</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Negro_league_baseball" title="Negro league baseball">Negro league baseball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baseball_color_line" title="Baseball color line">Baseball color line</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_players_in_professional_American_football" title="Black players in professional American football">Black players in professional American football</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Black_starting_NFL_quarterbacks" title="List of Black starting NFL quarterbacks">Black NFL quarterbacks</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_players_in_ice_hockey" title="Black players in ice hockey">Black players in ice hockey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali">Muhammad Ali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Ashe" title="Arthur Ashe">Arthur Ashe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Johnson_(boxer)" title="Jack Johnson (boxer)">Jack Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Louis" title="Joe Louis">Joe Louis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesse_Owens" title="Jesse Owens">Jesse Owens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jackie_Robinson" title="Jackie Robinson">Jackie Robinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serena_Williams" title="Serena Williams">Serena Williams</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Athletic associations and conferences</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_Intercollegiate_Athletic_Association" title="Central Intercollegiate Athletic Association">Central (CIAA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mid-Eastern_Athletic_Conference" title="Mid-Eastern Athletic Conference">Mid-Eastern (MEAC)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Intercollegiate_Athletic_Conference" title="Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Conference">Southern (SIAC)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southwestern_Athletic_Conference" title="Southwestern Athletic Conference">Southwestern (SWAC)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #d1eaeb;;width:1%">Ethnic subdivisions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>By African descent <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fula_Americans" title="Fula Americans">Fula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gullah" title="Gullah">Gullah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Igbo_Americans" title="Igbo Americans">Igbo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoruba_Americans" title="Yoruba Americans">Yoruba</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alabama_Creole_people" title="Alabama Creole people">Alabama Creole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Indians_in_the_United_States" title="Black Indians in the United States">Black Indians</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_Seminoles" title="Black Seminoles">Black Seminoles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherokee_Freedmen" title="Cherokee Freedmen">Cherokee Freedmen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Choctaw_freedmen" title="Choctaw freedmen">Choctaw Freedmen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Creek_Freedmen" title="Creek Freedmen">Creek Freedmen</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Southerners" title="Black Southerners">Black Southerners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blaxican" title="Blaxican">Blaxicans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Dismal_Swamp_maroons" title="Great Dismal Swamp maroons">Great Dismal Swamp maroons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louisiana_Creole_people" title="Louisiana Creole people">Louisiana Creole</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Creoles_of_color" title="Creoles of color">of color</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melungeon" title="Melungeon">Melungeon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #d1eaeb;;width:1%">Demographics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African-American_neighborhood" title="African-American neighborhood">Neighborhoods</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_African-American_neighborhoods" title="List of African-American neighborhoods">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._cities_with_large_Black_populations" title="List of U.S. cities with large Black populations">U.S. cities with large populations</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._communities_with_African-American_majority_populations_in_2000" title="List of U.S. communities with African-American majority populations in 2000">2000 majorities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._communities_with_African-American_majority_populations_in_2010" title="List of U.S. communities with African-American majority populations in 2010">2010 majorities</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._metropolitan_areas_with_large_African-American_populations" title="List of U.S. metropolitan areas with large African-American populations">Metropolitan areas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._states_and_territories_by_African-American_population" title="List of U.S. states and territories by African-American population">States and territories</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #d1eaeb;;width:1%">Languages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Seminole_Creole" title="Afro-Seminole Creole">Afro-Seminole Creole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Sign_Language" title="American Sign Language">American Sign</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_American_Sign_Language" title="Black American Sign Language">Black American Sign</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_English" title="American English">American English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African-American_English" title="African-American English">African-American English</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African-American_Vernacular_English" title="African-American Vernacular English">African-American Vernacular English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African-American_Vernacular_English_and_social_context" title="African-American Vernacular English and social context">social context</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gullah_language" title="Gullah language">Gullah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louisiana_Creole" title="Louisiana Creole">Louisiana Creole</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #d1eaeb;;width:1%">By state/city</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_Americans_in_Alabama" title="African Americans in Alabama">Alabama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Americans_in_Arkansas" title="African Americans in Arkansas">Arkansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Americans_in_California" title="African Americans in California">California</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_African_Americans_in_Los_Angeles" title="History of African Americans in Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Americans_in_San_Francisco" title="African Americans in San Francisco">San Francisco</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Americans_in_Florida" title="African Americans in Florida">Florida</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_African_Americans_in_Jacksonville" title="History of African Americans in Jacksonville">Jacksonville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Tallahassee,_Florida#Black_history" title="History of Tallahassee, Florida">Tallahassee</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Americans_in_Georgia" title="African Americans in Georgia">Georgia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_Americans_in_Atlanta" title="African Americans in Atlanta">Atlanta</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Africans_in_Hawaii" title="Africans in Hawaii">Hawaii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Americans_in_Illinois" title="African Americans in Illinois">Illinois</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_African_Americans_in_Chicago" title="History of African Americans in Chicago">Chicago</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Americans_in_Indiana" class="mw-redirect" title="African Americans in Indiana">Indiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Americans_in_Iowa" class="mw-redirect" title="African Americans in Iowa">Iowa</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_Americans_in_Davenport,_Iowa" title="African Americans in Davenport, Iowa">Davenport</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Americans_in_Kansas" title="African Americans in Kansas">Kansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_African_Americans_in_Kentucky" title="History of African Americans in Kentucky">Kentucky</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African-American_neighborhoods_in_Lexington,_Kentucky" title="African-American neighborhoods in Lexington, Kentucky">Lexington</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Americans_in_Louisiana" title="African Americans in Louisiana">Louisiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Americans_in_Maryland" title="African Americans in Maryland">Maryland</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_African_Americans_in_Baltimore" title="History of African Americans in Baltimore">Baltimore</a></li></ul></li> <li>Massachusetts <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_African_Americans_in_Boston" title="History of African Americans in Boston">Boston</a></li></ul></li> <li>Michigan <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_African_Americans_in_Detroit" title="History of African Americans in Detroit">Detroit</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Americans_in_Mississippi" title="African Americans in Mississippi">Mississippi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African-American_history_of_Nebraska" title="African-American history of Nebraska">Nebraska</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_Americans_in_Omaha,_Nebraska" title="African Americans in Omaha, Nebraska">Omaha</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Americans_in_New_Jersey" title="African Americans in New Jersey">New Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Americans_in_New_York_(state)" title="African Americans in New York (state)">New York</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_Americans_in_New_York_City" title="African Americans in New York City">New York City</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Americans_in_North_Carolina" title="African Americans in North Carolina">North Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Americans_in_Ohio" title="African Americans in Ohio">Ohio</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Cleveland" title="Demographics of Cleveland">Cleveland</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Americans_in_Oklahoma" title="African Americans in Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Americans_in_Oregon" title="African Americans in Oregon">Oregon</a></li> <li>Pennsylvania <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_African_Americans_in_Philadelphia" title="History of African Americans in Philadelphia">Philadelphia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro%E2%80%93Puerto_Ricans" title="Afro–Puerto Ricans">Puerto Rico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Americans_in_South_Carolina" title="African Americans in South Carolina">South Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Americans_in_South_Dakota" title="African Americans in South Dakota">South Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Americans_in_Tennessee" title="African Americans in Tennessee">Tennessee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_African_Americans_in_Texas" title="History of African Americans in Texas">Texas</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_African_Americans_in_Austin" title="History of African Americans in Austin">Austin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_African_Americans_in_Dallas%E2%80%93Fort_Worth" title="History of African Americans in Dallas–Fort Worth">Dallas–Fort Worth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_African_Americans_in_Houston" title="History of African Americans in Houston">Houston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_African_Americans_in_San_Antonio" title="History of African Americans in San Antonio">San Antonio</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_African_Americans_in_Utah" title="History of African Americans in Utah">Utah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Americans_in_Virginia" title="African Americans in Virginia">Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Americans_in_West_Virginia" title="African Americans in West Virginia">West Virginia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #d1eaeb;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/African-American_diaspora" title="African-American diaspora">Diaspora</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_Americans_in_Africa" title="African Americans in Africa">Africa</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gambian_Creole_people" title="Gambian Creole people">Gambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Americans_in_Ghana" title="African Americans in Ghana">Ghana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Americo-Liberian_people" title="Americo-Liberian people">Liberia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sierra_Leone_Creole_people" title="Sierra Leone Creole people">Sierra Leone</a></li></ul></li> <li>America <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_Nova_Scotians" title="Black Nova Scotians">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saman%C3%A1_Americans" title="Samaná Americans">Dominican Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haitian_emigration" title="Haitian emigration">Haiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mascogos" title="Mascogos">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merikins" title="Merikins">Trinidad and Tobago</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Americans_in_Israel" title="African Americans in Israel">Israel</a></li> <li>Europe <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_Americans_in_France" title="African Americans in France">France</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #d1eaeb;;width:1%">Lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_African_Americans" title="Lists of African Americans">African Americans</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_African-American_activists" title="List of African-American activists">Activists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_African-American_actors" title="List of African-American actors">Actors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_African-American_astronauts" title="List of African-American astronauts">Astronauts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_billionaires" title="Black billionaires">Billionaires</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_African_American_journalists" title="List of African American journalists">Journalists</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Jurists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_African-American_mathematicians" title="List of African-American mathematicians">Mathematicians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_African-American_Republicans" title="List of African-American Republicans">Republicans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_African-American_singers" title="List of African-American singers">Singers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_African_American_sportspeople" title="List of African American sportspeople">Sportspeople</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spingarn_Medal" title="Spingarn Medal">Spingarn Medal winners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_African-American_United_States_Cabinet_members" title="List of African-American United States Cabinet members">US cabinet members</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_African-American_United_States_representatives" title="List of African-American United States representatives">US representatives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_African-American_United_States_senators" title="List of African-American United States senators">US senators</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_African-American_visual_artists" title="List of African-American visual artists">Visual artists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_African-American_writers" title="List of African-American writers">Writers</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_African-American_firsts" title="Timeline of African-American firsts">African-American firsts</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_first_African-American_mayors" title="List of first African-American mayors">Mayors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_African-American_sports_firsts" title="List of African-American sports firsts">Sports firsts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_African-American_U.S._state_firsts" title="List of African-American U.S. state firsts">US state firsts</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_African-American_historic_places" title="List of African-American historic places">Historic places</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_articles_related_to_African_Americans" title="Index of articles related to African Americans">Index of related articles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_landmark_African-American_legislation" title="List of landmark African-American legislation">Landmark African-American legislation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lynching_victims_in_the_United_States" title="List of lynching victims in the United States">Lynching victims</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_monuments_to_African_Americans" title="List of monuments to African Americans">Monuments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_African-American_neighborhoods" title="List of African-American neighborhoods">Neighborhoods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_topics_related_to_the_African_diaspora" title="List of topics related to the African diaspora">Topics related to the African diaspora</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background: #d1eaeb;;font-weight:bold;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:African-American_society" title="Category:African-American society">Category</a></li> <li><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/48px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, 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