CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-not-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Department:Languages - Wikibooks, open books for an open world</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-not-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikibooksmwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy" ,"wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"6ddbbdfc-6c7f-4a88-8011-972728544c32","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Department:Languages","wgTitle":"Department:Languages","wgCurRevisionId":3990746,"wgRevisionId":3990746,"wgArticleId":397944,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Pages using the DynamicPageList extension","Semi-protected pages","Book:Wikibooks Stacks/Departments"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Department:Languages","wgRelevantArticleId":397944,"wgIsProbablyEditable":false,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":false,"wgRestrictionEdit":["autoconfirmed"],"wgRestrictionMove":["autoconfirmed"],"wgNoticeProject":"wikibooks","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":true, "wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"value":{"levels":3}}},"wgStableRevisionId":3990746,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":2000,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q107064439","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"wgSiteNoticeId":"2.24"};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready", "skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","ext.flaggedRevs.basic":"ready","mediawiki.codex.messagebox.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready","ext.dismissableSiteNotice.styles":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["site","mediawiki.page.ready","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.flaggedRevs.advanced","ext.gadget.wikidialog","ext.gadget.commons-file","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.dismissableSiteNotice"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.dismissableSiteNotice.styles%7Cext.flaggedRevs.basic%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cmediawiki.codex.messagebox.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.16"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Department:Languages - Wikibooks, open books for an open world"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikibooks.org/wiki/Department:Languages"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikibooks.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikibooks (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikibooks.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Department:Languages"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikibooks Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Department_Languages rootpage-Department_Languages skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" title="Main menu" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main Page</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Find help on how to use and edit Wikibooks"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-Browse" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikibooks:Card_Catalog_Office" title="Check out what Wikibooks has to offer"><span>Browse</span></a></li><li id="n-Cookbook" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Cookbook:Table_of_Contents" title="Learn recipes from around the world"><span>Cookbook</span></a></li><li id="n-Wikijunior" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikijunior" title="Books for children"><span>Wikijunior</span></a></li><li id="n-Featured-books" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikibooks:Featured_books" title="The best of Wikibooks"><span>Featured books</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes in the wiki [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-randomrootpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RandomInCategory/Book:Wikibooks_Stacks/Books"><span>Random book</span></a></li><li id="n-Using-Wikibooks" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Using_Wikibooks"><span>Using Wikibooks</span></a></li><li id="n-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages"><span>Special pages</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-community" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-community" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Community </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-Reading-room-forum" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikibooks:Reading_room"><span>Reading room forum</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikibooks:Community_Portal" title="Find your way around the Wikibooks community"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikibooks:Reading_room/Bulletin_Board" title="Important community news"><span>Bulletin Board</span></a></li><li id="n-maintenance" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikibooks:Maintenance" title="Frequent tasks that you can help with"><span>Help out!</span></a></li><li id="n-Policies-and-guidelines" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikibooks:Policies_and_guidelines" title="Pages detailing important rules and procedures"><span>Policies and guidelines</span></a></li><li id="n-contact" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikibooks:Contact_us" title="Alternative methods of communication"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikibooks.svg" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikibooks" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikibooks-wordmark-vi.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.9375em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Textbook Project" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikibooks-tagline-en.svg" width="120" height="10" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.625em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikibooks [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikibooks" aria-label="Search Wikibooks" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikibooks [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikibooks.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donations</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Department%3ALanguages" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Department%3ALanguages" title="You are encouraged to log in; however, it is not mandatory [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="More options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikibooks.org&uselang=en"><span>Donations</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Department%3ALanguages" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Department%3ALanguages" title="You are encouraged to log in; however, it is not mandatory [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Discussion for this IP address</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><div id="mw-dismissablenotice-anonplace"></div><script>(function(){var node=document.getElementById("mw-dismissablenotice-anonplace");if(node){node.outerHTML="\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice-close\"\u003E[\u003Ca tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"\u003Edismiss\u003C/a\u003E]\u003C/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice-body\"\u003E\u003C!-- CentralNotice --\u003E\u003Cdiv id=\"localNotice\" data-nosnippet=\"\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"anonnotice\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\"\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"width: fit-content; padding: 5px; border: 3px solid gray; background-color: #fafafa; text-align: center; margin: auto;\"\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cspan typeof=\"mw:File\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"/wiki/File:OOjs_UI_icon_robot.svg\" class=\"mw-file-description\"\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/OOjs_UI_icon_robot.svg/40px-OOjs_UI_icon_robot.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"40\" height=\"40\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/OOjs_UI_icon_robot.svg/60px-OOjs_UI_icon_robot.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/OOjs_UI_icon_robot.svg/80px-OOjs_UI_icon_robot.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"20\" data-file-height=\"20\" /\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/span\u003E The Wikibooks community is developing a policy on the use of generative AI. Please review the \u003Ca href=\"/wiki/Wikibooks:Artificial_Intelligence\" title=\"Wikibooks:Artificial Intelligence\"\u003Edraft policy\u003C/a\u003E and provide feedback on \u003Ca href=\"/wiki/Wikibooks_talk:Artificial_Intelligence\" title=\"Wikibooks talk:Artificial Intelligence\"\u003Eits talk page\u003C/a\u003E.\n\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E";}}());</script></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Department:Languages</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 12 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-12" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">12 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikibooks.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%BE" title="ভাষা – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ভাষা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikibooks.org/wiki/Kategorija:Jezici" title="Kategorija:Jezici – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Kategorija:Jezici" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikibooks.org/wiki/Silff_lyfrau:Ieithoedd" title="Silff lyfrau:Ieithoedd – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Silff lyfrau:Ieithoedd" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikibooks.org/wiki/Regal:Sprachen" title="Regal:Sprachen – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Regal:Sprachen" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikibooks.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D9%86%D8%B3%DA%A9:%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87_%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86" title="ویکی‌نسک:کتابخانه زبان – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ویکی‌نسک:کتابخانه زبان" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikibooks.org/wiki/Accueil/Langues" title="Accueil/Langues – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Accueil/Langues" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikibooks.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%93%D7%A3:%D7%A9%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%AA" title="מדף:שפות – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מדף:שפות" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikibooks.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%97:%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%81" title="विभाग:भाषाएँ – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="विभाग:भाषाएँ" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikibooks.org/wiki/Wikib%C3%A6kur:Tungum%C3%A1ladeild" title="Wikibækur:Tungumáladeild – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Wikibækur:Tungumáladeild" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikibooks.org/wiki/%E8%AA%9E%E5%AD%A6" title="語学 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="語学" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikibooks.org/wiki/%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EC%B1%85:%EC%96%B8%EC%96%B4" title="위키책:언어 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="위키책:언어" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikibooks.org/wiki/%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80" title="语言 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="语言" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q107064439#sitelinks-wikibooks" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Department:Languages" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Book</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Department:Languages" rel="discussion" title="Discussion about the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Discussion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Department:Languages"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-viewsource" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Department:Languages&action=edit" title="This page is protected.
You can view its source [e]" accesskey="e"><span>View source</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Department:Languages&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Department:Languages"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-viewsource" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Department:Languages&action=edit"><span>View source</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Department:Languages&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Department:Languages" title="A list of all wiki pages that link here [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Department:Languages" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=en" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Department:Languages&oldid=3990746" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Department:Languages&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Department%3ALanguages&id=3990746&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikibooks.org%2Fwiki%2FDepartment%3ALanguages"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikibooks.org%2Fwiki%2FDepartment%3ALanguages"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-sister_projects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-sister_projects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Sister projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-Wikipedia" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page"><span>Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-Wikiversity" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Wikiversity:Main_Page"><span>Wikiversity</span></a></li><li id="n-Wiktionary" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wiktionary:Main_Page"><span>Wiktionary</span></a></li><li id="n-Wikiquote" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Main_Page"><span>Wikiquote</span></a></li><li id="n-Wikisource" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Main_Page"><span>Wikisource</span></a></li><li id="n-Wikinews" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Main_Page"><span>Wikinews</span></a></li><li id="n-Wikivoyage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Main_Page"><span>Wikivoyage</span></a></li><li id="n-Commons" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Main_Page"><span>Commons</span></a></li><li id="n-Wikidata" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:Main_Page"><span>Wikidata</span></a></li><li id="n-MediaWiki" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Main_Page"><span>MediaWiki</span></a></li><li id="n-Meta-Wiki" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Main_Page"><span>Meta-Wiki</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Book&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Department%3ALanguages"><span>Create a collection</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Department%3ALanguages&action=show-download-screen"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Department:Languages&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q107064439" title="Link to connected data repository item [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-protected-icon" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikibooks:Protection_policy#semi" title="This page is semi-protected."><img alt="This page is semi-protected." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Padlock-silver.svg/22px-Padlock-silver.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Padlock-silver.svg/33px-Padlock-silver.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Padlock-silver.svg/44px-Padlock-silver.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikibooks, open books for an open world</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p><span style="font-size:90%;">< <a href="/wiki/Wikibooks_Stacks/Departments" title="Wikibooks Stacks/Departments">Departments</a></span> </p> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="margin:0 0 4px 0; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="width:100%; vertical-align:top; border:1px solid #2a62a1; background-color:#f4eed7;"><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Telugu_Translation_icon_-_02.svg/45px-Telugu_Translation_icon_-_02.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="45" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Telugu_Translation_icon_-_02.svg/68px-Telugu_Translation_icon_-_02.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Telugu_Translation_icon_-_02.svg/90px-Telugu_Translation_icon_-_02.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <div style="border-bottom:1px solid #2a62a1; background-color:#9eb8d6; padding:0.2em 0.9em 0.2em 0.5em; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; text-transform: capitalize;">Languages</div><div style="padding:0.2em 0.5em 0.2em 0.5em;"> The books in this area deal with <b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/language" class="extiw" title="w:language">languages</a></b>, in particular foreign language learning. The study of individual modern and classical languages forms the backbone of the modern study of the <a href="/wiki/Department:Humanities" title="Department:Humanities">humanities</a>, while the scientific study of language is known as <a href="/wiki/Shelf:Linguistics" title="Shelf:Linguistics">linguistics</a> and is a <a href="/wiki/Department:Social_sciences" title="Department:Social sciences">social science</a>. Since many areas of the humanities such as <a href="/wiki/Shelf:Literature" title="Shelf:Literature">literature</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shelf:History" title="Shelf:History">history</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Shelf:Philosophy" title="Shelf:Philosophy">philosophy</a> are based on language, changes in language can have a profound effect on the other humanities.</div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width:100%; margin:0em; border:1px solid SteelBlue; background-color:AliceBlue;"> <tbody><tr style="vertical-align:middle; height:1%;"> <td style="border-right:1px solid SteelBlue;"><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Chart_organisation.svg/24px-Chart_organisation.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Chart_organisation.svg/36px-Chart_organisation.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Chart_organisation.svg/48px-Chart_organisation.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <div style="padding:0.2em 0.9em 0.2em 0.5em; border-bottom:1px solid SteelBlue; background-color:LightSteelBlue; font-size:110%; font-weight:bold;">Subsections</div> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Star%2A.svg/26px-Star%2A.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Star%2A.svg/39px-Star%2A.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Star%2A.svg/52px-Star%2A.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="275" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <div style="padding:0.2em 0.9em 0.2em 0.5em; border-bottom:1px solid SteelBlue; background-color:LightSteelBlue; font-size:110%; font-weight:bold;">Featured Books</div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; height:1%;"> <td style="padding:0em 0.5em 0.2em 0.5em; border-right:1px solid SteelBlue; width:50%;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shelf:Languages" title="Shelf:Languages">Shelf:Languages</a> (general references)</li></ul> <hr /> <ul> <li><a href="/wiki/Shelf:Constructed_languages" title="Shelf:Constructed languages">Shelf:Constructed languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shelf:Language_education" title="Shelf:Language education">Shelf:Language education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shelf:Languages_of_Africa" title="Shelf:Languages of Africa">Shelf:Languages of Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shelf:Languages_of_Asia" title="Shelf:Languages of Asia">Shelf:Languages of Asia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shelf:Languages_of_Europe" title="Shelf:Languages of Europe">Shelf:Languages of Europe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shelf:Languages_of_North_America" title="Shelf:Languages of North America">Shelf:Languages of North America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shelf:Languages_of_Oceania" title="Shelf:Languages of Oceania">Shelf:Languages of Oceania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shelf:Languages_of_South_America" title="Shelf:Languages of South America">Shelf:Languages of South America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shelf:Visual_languages" title="Shelf:Visual languages">Shelf:Visual languages</a></li></ul> <p><span style="display:none"><a href="/wiki/Category:Department:Languages" title="Category:Department:Languages">Category:Department:Languages</a></span><span style="display:none"><a href="/wiki/Category:Book:Wikibooks_Stacks/Shelves/General" title="Category:Book:Wikibooks Stacks/Shelves/General">Category:Book:Wikibooks Stacks/Shelves/General</a></span> </p> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top; height:1%; padding:0em 0.5em 0.2em 0.5em; width:50%;"><ul> <li><a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miskito" title="Miskito">Miskito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish" title="Spanish">Spanish</a></li></ul> <p><span style="display:none"><a href="/wiki/Category:Department:Languages/all_books" title="Category:Department:Languages/all books">Category:Department:Languages/all books</a></span><span style="display:none"><a href="/wiki/Category:Featured_books" title="Category:Featured books">Category:Featured books</a></span> </p> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><br /> </p> <table class="ambox" style="border: 2px groove #ccf !important; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0; margin: 1em auto; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; width: auto;"> <tbody><tr><th colspan="16" style="background: #dfefff;color: #202122; border-bottom: 1px solid #ccf; text-align: center;"><div style="text-align:center;position:relative;white-space:nowrap;">Associated Wikimedia for Languages<div class="noprint plainlinks navbar" style="background:none; padding:0; font-weight:normal;; font-size:xx-small; position:absolute; right:0; top:0; margin:0 5px;"><a href="/wiki/Template:Associated_Wikimedia" title="Template:Associated Wikimedia"><span title="View this template" style="">v</span></a> <span style="font-size:80%;">•</span> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Associated_Wikimedia" title="Template talk:Associated Wikimedia"><span title="Discuss this template" style="">d</span></a> <span style="font-size:80%;">•</span> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Associated_Wikimedia&action=edit"><span title="Edit this template" style=";">e</span></a></div></div></th></tr><tr> <td colspan="2"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Main_Page" class="extiw" title="commons:Main Page">Commons</a></td> <td colspan="2"><a href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Main_Page" class="extiw" title="n:Main Page">Wikinews</a></td> <td colspan="2"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page" class="extiw" title="w:Main Page">Wikipedia</a></td> <td colspan="2"><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Main_Page" class="extiw" title="q:Main Page">Wikiquote</a></td> <td colspan="2"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Main_Page" class="extiw" title="s:Main Page">Wikisource</a></td> <td colspan="2"><a href="https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Main_Page" class="extiw" title="v:Main Page">Wikiversity</a></td> <td colspan="2"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Main_Page" class="extiw" title="wikt:Main Page">Wiktionary</a></td> </tr><tr> <td style="margin: 0.1em 0; padding-left: 0.8em; padding-right: 0.2em; border-left: 1px solid #c0c0c0;"><span typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Main_Page" title="commons:Main Page"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/35px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="47" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/53px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/70px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></td> <td style="margin: 0.1em 0; padding-left: 0.2em; padding-right: 0.8em; font-weight: bold; border-right: 1px solid #c0c0c0;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Language" class="extiw" title="commons:Language">Gallery</a><br /> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Languages" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Languages">Category</a></td> <td style="margin: 0.1em 0; padding-left: 0.8em; padding-right: 0.2em; border-left: 1px solid #c0c0c0;"><span typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Main_Page" title="n:Main Page"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/35px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/53px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/70px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="759" data-file-height="415" /></a></span></td> <td style="margin: 0.1em 0; padding-left: 0.2em; padding-right: 0.8em; font-weight: bold; border-right: 1px solid #c0c0c0;"> <a href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Category:Language" class="extiw" title="n:Category:Language">Category</a></td> <td style="margin: 0.1em 0; padding-left: 0.8em; padding-right: 0.2em; border-left: 1px solid #c0c0c0;"><span typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page" title="w:Main Page"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/35px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="32" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/53px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/70px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="103" data-file-height="94" /></a></span></td> <td style="margin: 0.1em 0; padding-left: 0.2em; padding-right: 0.8em; font-weight: bold; border-right: 1px solid #c0c0c0;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Language" class="extiw" title="w:Language">Article</a><br /> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Language" class="extiw" title="w:Portal:Language">Portal</a><br /> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Languages" class="extiw" title="w:Category:Languages">Category</a></td> <td style="margin: 0.1em 0; padding-left: 0.8em; padding-right: 0.2em; border-left: 1px solid #c0c0c0;"><span typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Main_Page" title="q:Main Page"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/35px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="41" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/53px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/70px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></a></span></td> <td style="margin: 0.1em 0; padding-left: 0.2em; padding-right: 0.8em; font-weight: bold; border-right: 1px solid #c0c0c0;"><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Language" class="extiw" title="q:Language">Page</a><br /> <a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Category:Language" class="extiw" title="q:Category:Language">Category</a></td> <td style="margin: 0.1em 0; padding-left: 0.8em; padding-right: 0.2em; border-left: 1px solid #c0c0c0;"><span typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Main_Page" title="s:Main Page"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/35px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="37" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/53px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/70px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></a></span></td> <td style="margin: 0.1em 0; padding-left: 0.2em; padding-right: 0.8em; font-weight: bold; border-right: 1px solid #c0c0c0;"> <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Category:Language" class="extiw" title="s:Category:Language">Category</a></td> <td style="margin: 0.1em 0; padding-left: 0.8em; padding-right: 0.2em; border-left: 1px solid #c0c0c0;"><span typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Main_Page" title="v:Main Page"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Wikiversity-logo.svg/35px-Wikiversity-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Wikiversity-logo.svg/53px-Wikiversity-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Wikiversity-logo.svg/70px-Wikiversity-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></td> <td style="margin: 0.1em 0; padding-left: 0.2em; padding-right: 0.8em; font-weight: bold; border-right: 1px solid #c0c0c0;"><a href="https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/School:Language_and_Literature" class="extiw" title="v:School:Language and Literature">School</a><br /> <a href="https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Portal:Languages" class="extiw" title="v:Portal:Languages">Portal</a><br /> <a href="https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Category:Languages" class="extiw" title="v:Category:Languages">Category</a></td> <td style="margin: 0.1em 0; padding-left: 0.8em; padding-right: 0.2em; border-left: 1px solid #c0c0c0;"><span typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Main_Page" title="wikt:Main Page"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Wiktionary_small.svg/35px-Wiktionary_small.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Wiktionary_small.svg/53px-Wiktionary_small.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Wiktionary_small.svg/70px-Wiktionary_small.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="350" data-file-height="350" /></a></span></td> <td style="margin: 0.1em 0; padding-left: 0.2em; padding-right: 0.8em; font-weight: bold; border-right: 1px solid #c0c0c0;"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/language" class="extiw" title="wikt:language">Definition</a><br /> <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Category:Languages" class="extiw" title="wikt:Category:Languages">Category</a><br /> </td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="color: #808080; font-size: 92%; font-style: italic;">Media</td> <td colspan="2" style="color: #808080; font-size: 92%; font-style: italic;">News</td> <td colspan="2" style="color: #808080; font-size: 92%; font-style: italic;">Encyclopedia</td> <td colspan="2" style="color: #808080; font-size: 92%; font-style: italic;">Quotes</td> <td colspan="2" style="color: #808080; font-size: 92%; font-style: italic;">Texts</td> <td colspan="2" style="color: #808080; font-size: 92%; font-style: italic;">Courses</td> <td colspan="2" style="color: #808080; font-size: 92%; font-style: italic;">Dictionary</td> </tr></tbody></table> </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Department:Languages&oldid=3990746">https://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Department:Languages&oldid=3990746</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Special:Categories" title="Special:Categories">Category</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Book:Wikibooks_Stacks/Departments" title="Category:Book:Wikibooks Stacks/Departments">Book:Wikibooks Stacks/Departments</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_the_DynamicPageList_extension" title="Category:Pages using the DynamicPageList extension">Pages using the DynamicPageList extension</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Semi-protected_pages" title="Category:Semi-protected pages">Semi-protected pages</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 25 September 2021, at 22:54.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy Policy.</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikibooks:Welcome">About Wikibooks</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikibooks:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikibooks.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Department:Languages&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" lang="en" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><picture><source media="(min-width: 500px)" srcset="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" width="88" height="31"><img src="/w/resources/assets/mediawiki_compact.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="25" height="25" loading="lazy"></picture></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-header-container vector-sticky-header-container"> <div id="vector-sticky-header" class="vector-sticky-header"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-start"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-start vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" aria-hidden="true"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-sticky-header-search-toggle" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.vector-sticky-search-form.icon"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </button> </div> <div role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box"> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="vector-sticky-search-form" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikibooks"> <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar-primary" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="mw-page-title-main">Department:Languages</span></div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-end" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icons"> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-talk-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="talk-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbles mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbles"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-subject-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="subject-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-article mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-article"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-history-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="history-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-history mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-history"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only mw-watchlink" id="ca-watchstar-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="watch-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-star mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-star"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="wikitext-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikiText mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-wikiText"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-ve-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-editLock mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-editLock"></span> <span></span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-language"></span> <span>12 languages</span> </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbleAdd-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbleAdd-progressive"></span> <span>Add topic</span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-b766959bd-n7rgf","wgBackendResponseTime":112,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.124","walltime":"0.204","ppvisitednodes":{"value":1704,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":26967,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":5894,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":25,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":2,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":1303,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 175.994 1 -total"," 90.56% 159.378 1 Template:Department:Page"," 75.88% 133.538 1 Template:Department:Page/display2"," 30.96% 54.482 2 Template:DPL"," 23.98% 42.203 1 Template:Department:Shelves"," 21.28% 37.460 2 Template:DPL/simple"," 20.22% 35.580 15 Template:Evalx"," 11.17% 19.656 1 Template:BOOKSORTKEY"," 11.14% 19.612 1 Template:Pp-protected"," 9.88% 17.388 2 Template:BOOKPAGENAME"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.085","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":1474577,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.eqiad.main-76d7f9c6cd-hs42c","timestamp":"20250213145126","ttl":604800,"transientcontent":true}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Department:Languages","url":"https:\/\/en.wikibooks.org\/wiki\/Department:Languages","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q107064439","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q107064439","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2018-05-13T17:14:17Z"}</script> </body> </html>