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vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#歷史植物地理學"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>歷史植物地理學</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-歷史植物地理學-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-區系植物地理學" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#區系植物地理學"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>區系植物地理學</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-區系植物地理學-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-生態植物地理學" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#生態植物地理學"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>生態植物地理學</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-生態植物地理學-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-參考" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參考"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>參考</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-參考-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">植物地理学</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。44种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-44" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">44种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%A7_%D9%86%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="جغرافيا نباتية – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جغرافيا نباتية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitki_co%C4%9Frafiyas%C4%B1" title="Bitki coğrafiyası – 阿塞拜疆语" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Bitki coğrafiyası" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="阿塞拜疆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%96%D1%8F_%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BD" title="Геаграфія раслін – 白俄罗斯语" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Геаграфія раслін" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="白俄罗斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%AD%E0%A7%82%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B2" title="উদ্ভিদভূগোল – 孟加拉语" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="উদ্ভিদভূগোল" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fitogeografija" title="Fitogeografija – 波斯尼亚语" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Fitogeografija" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="波斯尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fytogeografie" title="Fytogeografie – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Fytogeografie" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D3%B2%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%C4%83%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B9%C4%95" title="Ӳсентăрансен географийĕ – 楚瓦什语" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Ӳсентăрансен географийĕ" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="楚瓦什语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plantegeografi" title="Plantegeografi – 丹麦语" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Plantegeografi" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麦语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vegetationsgeographie" title="Vegetationsgeographie – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Vegetationsgeographie" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phytogeography" title="Phytogeography – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Phytogeography" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fitogeografio" title="Fitogeografio – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Fitogeografio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taimegeograafia" title="Taimegeograafia – 爱沙尼亚语" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Taimegeograafia" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="爱沙尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fitogeografia" title="Fitogeografia – 巴斯克语" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Fitogeografia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%81%DB%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C_%DA%AF%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%87%DB%8C" title="جغرافیای گیاهی – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جغرافیای گیاهی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kasvimaantiede" title="Kasvimaantiede – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kasvimaantiede" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phytog%C3%A9ographie" title="Phytogéographie – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Phytogéographie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%ADtigheografa%C3%ADocht" title="Fítigheografaíocht – 爱尔兰语" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Fítigheografaíocht" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="爱尔兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fitoxeograf%C3%ADa" title="Fitoxeografía – 加利西亚语" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Fitoxeografía" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="加利西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%98%D7%95%D7%92%D7%90%D7%95%D7%92%D7%A8%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%94" title="פיטוגאוגרפיה – 希伯来语" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פיטוגאוגרפיה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%AA_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2" title="पादप भूगोल – 印地语" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="पादप भूगोल" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="印地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fitogeografija" title="Fitogeografija – 克罗地亚语" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Fitogeografija" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%B6v%C3%A9nyf%C3%B6ldrajz" title="Növényföldrajz – 匈牙利语" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Növényföldrajz" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corologia" title="Corologia – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Corologia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A4%8D%E7%94%9F%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="植生地理学 – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="植生地理学" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%92%E1%83%94%E1%83%9D%E1%83%92%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="ფიტოგეოგრაფია – 格鲁吉亚语" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ფიტოგეოგრაფია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="格鲁吉亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Фитогеография – 哈萨克语" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Фитогеография" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="哈萨克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%8B%9D%EB%AC%BC%EC%A7%80%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%99" title="식물지리학 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="식물지리학" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Геоботаника – 柯尔克孜语" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Геоботаника" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="柯尔克孜语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geobotanika" title="Geobotanika – 立陶宛语" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Geobotanika" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="立陶宛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plantengeografie" title="Plantengeografie – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Plantengeografie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plantegeografi" title="Plantegeografi – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Plantegeografi" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fitogeografia" title="Fitogeografia – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Fitogeografia" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%BC%DA%81%D9%85%DA%A9%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%87%D9%86%D9%87" title="بوټځمکپوهنه – 普什图语" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="بوټځمکپوهنه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="普什图语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fitogeografia" title="Fitogeografia – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Fitogeografia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="География растений – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="География растений" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fitogeografija" title="Fitogeografija – 塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Fitogeografija" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fytogeografia" title="Fytogeografia – 斯洛伐克语" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Fytogeografia" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="斯洛伐克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Фитогеографија – 塞尔维亚语" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Фитогеографија" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%A4xtgeografi" title="Växtgeografi – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Växtgeografi" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D" title="தாவரப் புவியியல் – 泰米尔语" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="தாவரப் புவியியல்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="泰米尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%B8_%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D2%B3%D0%BE" title="Географияи рустаниҳо – 塔吉克语" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Географияи рустаниҳо" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="塔吉克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitki_co%C4%9Frafyas%C4%B1" title="Bitki coğrafyası – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Bitki coğrafyası" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%96%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Фітогеографія – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Фітогеографія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Botanik_geografiya" title="Botanik geografiya – 乌兹别克语" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Botanik geografiya" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="乌兹别克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q771220#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="浏览条目正文[c]" accesskey="c"><span>条目</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Talk:%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" 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id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"><p><b>植物地理学</b>（英語：<span lang="en">phytogeography</span>）属于<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%84%B6%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="自然地理学">自然地理学</a>的分支学科，是研究<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%9C%88" title="生物圈">生物圈</a>中各种植物和各种植被的地理分布规律、生物圈各结构单元（各地区）的植物种类组成、植被特征及其与自然环境之间相互关系的科学。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="分類"><span id=".E5.88.86.E9.A1.9E"></span>分類</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：分類"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="歷史植物地理學"><span id=".E6.AD.B7.E5.8F.B2.E6.A4.8D.E7.89.A9.E5.9C.B0.E7.90.86.E5.AD.B8"></span>歷史植物地理學</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：歷史植物地理學"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="區系植物地理學"><span id=".E5.8D.80.E7.B3.BB.E6.A4.8D.E7.89.A9.E5.9C.B0.E7.90.86.E5.AD.B8"></span>區系植物地理學</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：區系植物地理學"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>研究大尺度的植物共同體的演變過程。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="生態植物地理學"><span id=".E7.94.9F.E6.85.8B.E6.A4.8D.E7.89.A9.E5.9C.B0.E7.90.86.E5.AD.B8"></span>生態植物地理學</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：生態植物地理學"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>研究<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E7%8E%AF%E5%A2%83" title="地理环境">地理環境</a>的差異與群落分布之間的關係，後演變為<a href="/wiki/%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9%E7%94%9F%E6%80%81%E5%AD%A6" title="植物生态学">植物生態學</a>。 </p><p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參考"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.80.83"></span>參考</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：參考"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9%E7%9B%B8" title="植物相">植物相</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%A6" title="地植物学">地植物學</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all ilh-blue" data-orig-title="植物区系" data-lang-code="en" 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title="编辑该模板" style="color:white">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="生物地理学" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="生物地理学"><span style="color:white;">生物地理学</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B3%BB%E7%B5%B1%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%AD%B8" title="系統地理學">系统地理学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A6%AA%E7%B7%A3%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%AD%B8" title="親緣地理學">親緣地理學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A8%E7%89%A9%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="动物地理学">动物地理学</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">植物地理学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B2%9B%E5%B1%BF%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="岛屿生物地理学">岛屿生物地理学</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="古生物地理学" data-lang-code="fr" data-lang-name="法语" data-foreign-title="Paléobiogéographie"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%A4%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="古生物地理学（页面不存在）">古生物地理学</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">法语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pal%C3%A9obiog%C3%A9ographie" class="extiw" title="fr:Paléobiogéographie"><span lang="fr" dir="auto">Paléobiogéographie</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%9B%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%AD%B8" title="泛生物地理學">泛生物地理学</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="微生物生物地理学" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Microbial biogeography"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BE%AE%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="微生物生物地理学（页面不存在）">微生物生物地理学</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microbial_biogeography" class="extiw" title="en:Microbial biogeography"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Microbial biogeography</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:L%C3%ADnea_de_Wallace.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Map indicating the Wallace Line"><img alt="Map indicating the Wallace Line" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/L%C3%ADnea_de_Wallace.jpg/80px-L%C3%ADnea_de_Wallace.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="54" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/L%C3%ADnea_de_Wallace.jpg/120px-L%C3%ADnea_de_Wallace.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/L%C3%ADnea_de_Wallace.jpg/160px-L%C3%ADnea_de_Wallace.jpg 2x" data-file-width="728" data-file-height="488" /></a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="地理学" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Geography_topics" title="Template:Geography topics"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Geography_topics" title="Template talk:Geography topics"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:Geography_topics" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:Geography topics"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="地理学" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="地理学">地理学</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><div> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="地理學術語表" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Glossary of geography terms"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%AD%B8%E8%A1%93%E8%AA%9E%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="地理學術語表（页面不存在）">術語表</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_geography_terms" class="extiw" title="en:Glossary of geography terms"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Glossary of geography terms</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%AD%B8%E5%8F%B2" title="地理學史">歷史</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="地理學條目索引" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Index of geography articles"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%AD%B8%E6%A2%9D%E7%9B%AE%E7%B4%A2%E5%BC%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="地理學條目索引（页面不存在）">索引</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_of_geography_articles" class="extiw" title="en:Index of geography articles"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Index of geography articles</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="地理學大綱" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Outline of geography"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%AD%B8%E5%A4%A7%E7%B6%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="地理學大綱（页面不存在）">大綱</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline_of_geography" class="extiw" title="en:Outline of geography"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Outline of geography</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%">學科分支</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E6%96%87%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="人文地理学">人文地理</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%8C%E7%82%BA%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%AD%B8" title="行為地理學">行為地理學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%89%B9%E5%88%A4%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%AD%B8" title="批判地理學">批判地理學</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="女性主義地理學" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Feminist geography"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A5%B3%E6%80%A7%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%AD%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="女性主義地理學（页面不存在）">女性主義地理學</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feminist_geography" class="extiw" title="en:Feminist geography"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Feminist geography</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="馬克思主義地理學" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Marxist geography"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%8B%E6%80%9D%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="马克思主义地理学">馬克思主義地理學</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marxist_geography" class="extiw" title="en:Marxist geography"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Marxist geography</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="文化地理学">文化地理学</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="宗教地理学">宗教地理学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%82%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%AD%B8" title="音樂地理學">音樂地理學</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="人口地理学">人口地理学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BC%E5%B1%95%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%AD%B8" title="發展地理學">發展地理學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="经济地理学">经济地理学</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%9C%E4%B8%9A%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="农业地理学">农业地理学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A5%E4%B8%9A%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="工业地理学">工业地理学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%95%86%E4%B8%9A%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="商业地理学">商业地理学</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%86%AB%E5%AD%B8%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%AD%B8" title="醫學地理學">医学地理学（健康地理學）</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="历史地理学">历史地理学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AA%9E%E8%A8%80%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%AD%B8" title="語言地理學">語言地理學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%9B%E4%BA%8B%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="军事地理学">军事地理学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="政治地理学">政治地理学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="社会地理学">社会地理学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%88%98%E7%95%A5%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86" title="战略地理">戰略地理學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%85%E6%B8%B8%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="旅游地理学">旅游地理学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%9A%E8%90%BD%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="聚落地理学">聚落地理学</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%8E%E5%B8%82%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="城市地理学">城市地理学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%BA%E5%9F%9F%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="区域地理学">区域地理学</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%A4%E9%80%9A%E8%BF%90%E8%BE%93%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="交通运输地理学">交通运输地理学</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%84%B6%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%AD%B8" title="自然地理學">自然地理</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="生物地理学">生物地理学</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E6%80%81%E5%AD%A6" title="生态学">生态学</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">植物地理学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A8%E7%89%A9%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="动物地理学">动物地理学</a></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="海岸地理學" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Coastal geography"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B5%B7%E5%B2%B8%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%AD%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="海岸地理學（页面不存在）">海岸地理學</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coastal_geography" class="extiw" title="en:Coastal geography"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Coastal geography</span></a></span>）</span></span>／<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E6%B4%8B%E5%AD%A6" title="海洋学">海洋学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6" title="地球科学">地球科学</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%B0%94%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6" title="大气科学">大气科学</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%94%E8%B1%A1%E5%AD%A6" title="气象学">气象学</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%AF%E5%A2%83%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6" title="环境科学">环境科学</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%94%E5%80%99%E5%AD%A6" title="气候学">气候学</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E6%B0%A3%E5%80%99%E5%AD%B8" title="古氣候學">古氣候學</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="古地理学">古地理学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%A6" title="地球生物学">地球生物学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="地球物理学">地球物理学</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E5%9C%B0%E6%B5%8B%E9%87%8F%E5%AD%A6" title="大地测量学">大地测量学</a></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="地球系統科學" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Earth system science"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E7%B3%BB%E7%B5%B1%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="地球系統科學（页面不存在）">地球系統科學</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earth_system_science" class="extiw" title="en:Earth system science"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Earth system science</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E8%B2%8C%E5%AD%A6" title="地貌学">地貌学</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E8%B4%A8%E5%AD%A6" title="地质学">地质学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%B0%E5%B7%9D%E5%AD%A6" title="冰川学">冰川学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E6%96%87%E5%AD%A6" title="水文学">水文学</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E6%B9%96%E6%B2%BC%E5%AD%B8" title="湖沼學">湖沼學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E5%A3%A4%E5%AD%A6" title="土壤学">土壤学</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="耕作土壤學" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Edaphology"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%80%95%E4%BD%9C%E5%9C%9F%E5%A3%A4%E5%AD%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="耕作土壤學（页面不存在）">耕作土壤學</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edaphology" class="extiw" title="en:Edaphology"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Edaphology</span></a></span>）</span></span>／<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E5%A3%A4%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8" title="土壤科學">土壤科學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E5%A3%A4%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="土壤地理学">土壤地理学</a></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="第四紀科學" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Quaternary science"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%AC%AC%E5%9B%9B%E7%B4%80%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="第四紀科學（页面不存在）">第四紀科學</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quaternary_science" class="extiw" title="en:Quaternary science"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Quaternary science</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%AF%E5%A2%83%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="环境地理学">綜合學科</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%AF%E5%A2%83%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="环境地理学">环境地理学</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%92%B0%E5%A2%83%E7%A4%BE%E6%9C%83%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8" title="環境社會科學">環境社會科學</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="环境研究" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Environmental studies"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/wiki/%E7%92%B0%E5%A2%83%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="環境研究">环境研究</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmental_studies" class="extiw" title="en:Environmental studies"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Environmental studies</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%AF%E8%A7%80%E8%A8%AD%E8%A8%88" title="景觀設計">景觀設計</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%AF%E8%A7%82%E7%94%9F%E6%80%81%E5%AD%A6" title="景观生态学">景观生态学</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%82%E9%96%93%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%AD%B8" title="時間地理學">時間地理學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B3%BB%E7%B5%B1%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%AD%B8" title="系統地理學">系統地理學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E5%90%8D%E5%AD%A6" title="地名学">地名学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E8%AA%8C%E5%AD%B8" title="地誌學">地誌學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%80%E5%9F%9F%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6" title="區域研究">區域研究</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="地理學大綱#地理學的任務和工具" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Outline of geography#Tasks and tools of geography"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%AD%B8%E5%A4%A7%E7%B6%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="地理學大綱（页面不存在）">技術和工具</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline_of_geography#Tasks_and_tools_of_geography" class="extiw" title="en:Outline of geography"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Outline of geography#Tasks and tools of geography</span></a></span>）</span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6" title="地理信息科学">地理信息科學</a>／<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="地数学" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Geomathematics"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9C%B0%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="地数学（页面不存在）">地数学</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geomathematics" class="extiw" title="en:Geomathematics"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Geomathematics</span></a></span>）</span></span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E5%9B%BE%E5%AD%A6" title="地图学">地图学</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="地质建模" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Geologic modelling"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9C%B0%E8%B4%A8%E5%BB%BA%E6%A8%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="地质建模（页面不存在）">地质建模</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geologic_modelling" class="extiw" title="en:Geologic modelling"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Geologic modelling</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1" title="地理统计">地理统计</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F" title="地理信息系统">地理信息系统</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E8%B4%A8%E5%B9%B4%E4%BB%A3%E5%AD%A6" title="地质年代学">地质年代学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E7%A9%BA%E9%97%B4%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6" title="地球空间信息科学">地球空间信息科学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E6%96%87%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="水文地理学">水文地理学</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%91%84%E5%BD%B1%E6%B5%8B%E9%87%8F%E6%B3%95" title="摄影测量法">摄影测量法</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%81%A5%E6%84%9F" title="遥感">遥感</a></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="土地变化模型" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Land change modeling"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9C%9F%E5%9C%B0%E5%8F%98%E5%8C%96%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="土地变化模型（页面不存在）">土地变化模型</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Land_change_modeling" class="extiw" title="en:Land change modeling"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Land change modeling</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%">組織和機構</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E8%B3%87%E6%96%99%E8%88%87%E8%B3%87%E8%A8%8A%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94" title="Category:地理資料與資訊組織">地理数据與資訊組織</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="地理學會列表" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="List of geographical societies"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%AD%B8%E6%9C%83%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="地理學會列表（页面不存在）">地理學會</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_geographical_societies" class="extiw" title="en:List of geographical societies"><span lang="en" dir="auto">List of geographical societies</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="地球科學組織列表" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="List of geoscience organizations"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="地球科學組織列表（页面不存在）">地球科學學會</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_geoscience_organizations" class="extiw" title="en:List of geoscience organizations"><span lang="en" dir="auto">List of geoscience organizations</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="國家測繪機構" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="National mapping agency"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%B6%E6%B8%AC%E7%B9%AA%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="國家測繪機構（页面不存在）">國家測繪機構</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_mapping_agency" class="extiw" title="en:National mapping agency"><span lang="en" dir="auto">National mapping agency</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%AD%B8%E5%8D%94%E6%9C%83" title="美國地理學協會">美國地理學協會</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E5%AE%B6%E5%8D%8F%E4%BC%9A" title="美国地理学家协会">美国地理学家协会</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%B6%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%AD%B8%E6%9C%83" title="國家地理學會">國家地理學會</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E6%8B%BF%E5%A4%A7%E7%9A%87%E5%AE%B6%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%AD%B8%E6%9C%83" title="加拿大皇家地理學會">加拿大皇家地理學會</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="歐洲地理協會" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="European Geography Association"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%AD%90%E6%B4%B2%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%8D%94%E6%9C%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="歐洲地理協會（页面不存在）">歐洲地理協會</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Geography_Association" class="extiw" title="en:European Geography Association"><span lang="en" dir="auto">European Geography Association</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9A%87%E5%AE%B6%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%AD%B8%E6%9C%83" class="mw-redirect" title="皇家地理學會">皇家地理學會</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9A%87%E5%AE%B6%E8%98%87%E6%A0%BC%E8%98%AD%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%AD%B8%E6%9C%83" title="皇家蘇格蘭地理學會">皇家蘇格蘭地理學會</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E9%BB%8E%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%AD%B8%E6%9C%83" class="mw-redirect" title="巴黎地理學會">巴黎地理學會</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="里斯本地理學會" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Lisbon Geographic Society"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%87%8C%E6%96%AF%E6%9C%AC%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%AD%B8%E6%9C%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="里斯本地理學會（页面不存在）">里斯本地理學會</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lisbon_Geographic_Society" class="extiw" title="en:Lisbon Geographic Society"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Lisbon Geographic Society</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E7%BE%85%E6%96%AF%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%AD%B8%E6%9C%83" title="俄羅斯地理學會">俄羅斯地理學會</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E4%BC%9A_(%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC)" title="中国地理学会 (北京)">中華人民共和國地理學會</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E4%BC%9A_(%E5%8F%B0%E5%8C%97)" class="mw-redirect" title="中国地理学会 (台北)">中華民國地理學會</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="香港地理學會" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Hong Kong Geographical Association"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%AD%B8%E6%9C%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="香港地理學會（页面不存在）">香港地理學會</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong_Geographical_Association" class="extiw" title="en:Hong Kong Geographical Association"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Hong Kong Geographical Association</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="沙烏地地理學會" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Saudi Geographical Society"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B2%99%E7%83%8F%E5%9C%B0%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%AD%B8%E6%9C%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="沙烏地地理學會（页面不存在）">沙特地理學會</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Geographical_Society" class="extiw" title="en:Saudi Geographical Society"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Saudi Geographical Society</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E8%81%AF%E5%90%88%E6%9C%83" title="國際地理聯合會">國際地理聯合會</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="女性地理學家協會" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Society of Woman Geographers"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A5%B3%E6%80%A7%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%AD%B8%E5%AE%B6%E5%8D%94%E6%9C%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="女性地理學家協會（页面不存在）">女性地理學家協會</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Society_of_Woman_Geographers" class="extiw" title="en:Society of Woman Geographers"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Society of Woman Geographers</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%">教育</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2" title="Category:地理教育">地理教育</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="地理素養" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Geo-literacy"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E7%B4%A0%E9%A4%8A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="地理素養（页面不存在）">地理素養</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geo-literacy" class="extiw" title="en:Geo-literacy"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Geo-literacy</span></a></span>）</span></span>（<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%A5%A7%E6%9E%97%E5%8C%B9%E5%85%8B" title="國際地理奧林匹克">國際地理奧林匹克</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="空間公民權" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Spatial citizenship"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A9%BA%E9%96%93%E5%85%AC%E6%B0%91%E6%AC%8A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="空間公民權（页面不存在）">空間公民權</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spatial_citizenship" class="extiw" title="en:Spatial citizenship"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Spatial citizenship</span></a></span>）</span></span>）</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="text-align:center;;font-weight:bold;"><div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="主题"><img alt="主题" 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