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Digby Smith - Wikipedia
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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Military career</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Military_career-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Post-military" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Post-military"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Post-military</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Post-military-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Publications_by_Digby_Smith" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Publications_by_Digby_Smith"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Publications by Digby Smith</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Publications_by_Digby_Smith-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Publications by Digby Smith subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Publications_by_Digby_Smith-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-As_Otto_von_Pivka" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#As_Otto_von_Pivka"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>As Otto von Pivka</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-As_Otto_von_Pivka-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-As_Digby_Smith" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#As_Digby_Smith"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>As Digby Smith</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-As_Digby_Smith-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span 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class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">British military historian (1935–2024)</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Digby Smith</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Digby George Smith</div><br /><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1935-01-01</span>)</span>1 January 1935<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Aldershot" title="Aldershot">Aldershot</a>, England</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">9 January 2024<span style="display:none">(2024-01-09)</span> (aged 89)<br /><div style="display:inline" class="deathplace"><a href="/wiki/Thetford" title="Thetford">Thetford</a>, England</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Nationality</th><td class="infobox-data category">British</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Other names</th><td class="infobox-data nickname">Otto von Pivka</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Farnborough_Grammar_School" class="mw-redirect" title="Farnborough Grammar School">Farnborough Grammar School</a><br /></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_Academy_of_the_German_Armed_Forces" class="mw-redirect" title="Military Academy of the German Armed Forces">German Armed Forces Command and Staff College</a></li></ul> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupation</th><td class="infobox-data role">Military historian</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse(s)</th><td class="infobox-data">Rita Prime (1961-1984; divorced)<br />Edna Bluck (?-2024; his death)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">3</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Parent(s)</th><td class="infobox-data">George Frederick Smith and Catherine Mary Smith</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Digby George Smith</b> (1 January 1935 – 9 January 2024), who also used the pseudonym <b>Otto von Pivka</b>, was a British military historian. The son of a British career soldier, he was born in <a href="/wiki/Hampshire" title="Hampshire">Hampshire</a>, England, but spent several years in India and Pakistan as a child and youth. As a "boy soldier", he entered training in the British Army at the age of 16. He was later commissioned in the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Corps_of_Signals" title="Royal Corps of Signals">Royal Corps of Signals</a>, and held several postings with the <a href="/wiki/British_Army_of_the_Rhine" title="British Army of the Rhine">British Army of the Rhine</a>. </p><p>After a career in the British Army Signal Corps, he retired and with a friend started a company selling body armour, followed by several years working in the telecommunications industry. After his second retirement, he lived for a while in <a href="/wiki/Hanau" title="Hanau">Hanau</a>, Germany, but then moved back to Britain. </p><p>Originally writing under the pen name, Otto von Pivka, since his retirement from the military he has written another dozen books, venturing into narrative history with his <i>1813: Leipzig : Napoleon and the Battle of the Nations</i> in 2001 and <i>Charge!: Great Cavalry Charges of the Napoleonic Wars</i> in 2003. His <i>Greenhill Napoleonic Wars Data Book: Actions and Losses in Personnel, Colours, Standards and Artillery, 1792–1815</i> (1998) is considered a standard for French Revolutionary War and Napoleonic War historians, re-enactors, and hobbyists. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digby_Smith&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Personal life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Smith was born 15 January 1935, at the <a href="/wiki/Louise_Margaret_Military_Hospital" class="mw-redirect" title="Louise Margaret Military Hospital">Louise Margaret Military Hospital</a> in <a href="/wiki/Aldershot" title="Aldershot">Aldershot</a>, Hampshire. His father, George Frederick Smith, was a corporal in the <a href="/wiki/2nd_Infantry_Division_(United_Kingdom)" title="2nd Infantry Division (United Kingdom)">2nd Infantry Division</a> Signals regiment. In 1937, he was posted to India in the <a href="/wiki/9th_Infantry_Division_(India)" title="9th Infantry Division (India)">9th Infantry Division (India)</a> Signals Regiment on the <a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghan border</a> in <a href="/wiki/Quetta" title="Quetta">Quetta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Balochistan_(Pakistan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Balochistan (Pakistan)">Baluchistan</a>. The <a href="/wiki/1935_Quetta_earthquake" title="1935 Quetta earthquake">1935 Quetta earthquake</a> devastated the area, and the family lived in a tent. At the outbreak of war in 1939, his father was commissioned and posted to Malaya, where, in 1941, he took part in the <a href="/wiki/Japanese_Invasion_of_Malaya" class="mw-redirect" title="Japanese Invasion of Malaya">fighting</a> near <a href="/wiki/Kota_Baru" class="mw-redirect" title="Kota Baru">Kota Baru</a>. Eventually he was captured at Singapore, and was one of the 60,000 Allied <a href="/wiki/POW" class="mw-redirect" title="POW">POWs</a> who built the <a href="/wiki/Burma_Railway" title="Burma Railway">Burma-Siam railway</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Returning in 1942 to Aldershot, Digby Smith was sent, first, to East End Primary School, where he won a Scholarship to <a href="/wiki/Farnborough_Grammar_School" class="mw-redirect" title="Farnborough Grammar School">Farnborough Grammar School</a>. After the war, in another stint in India and Pakistan, the family journeyed to <a href="/wiki/Rawalpindi,_Pakistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Rawalpindi, Pakistan">Rawalpindi, Pakistan</a>. George Smith, now a major, was seconded to the Pakistan Signal Corps. In the absence of adequate schools, 13-year-old Digby attended the Pakistan School of Signals near the Lalkurti Bazaar, where he received his first training in electronics.<sup id="cite_ref-Bio:_Digby_Smith_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bio:_Digby_Smith-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Smith married Rita Prime in 1961, and they had three sons. He divorced in 1984, and married a second time to a nurse, Edna Bluck he had met in Saudi Arabia.<sup id="cite_ref-Bio:_Digby_Smith_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bio:_Digby_Smith-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Digby Smith died on 9 January 2024, at the age of 89.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Military_career">Military career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digby_Smith&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Military career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1950, he returned to England and school, but left Farnborough Grammar School at the age of 16 to the army as an apprentice telecommunications technician.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He received additional training at <a href="/wiki/Minden" title="Minden">Minden</a> in 1954 as a Technician III Class. After a six-month stint at the Pintsch Electro Radio Factory in <a href="/wiki/Konstanz" title="Konstanz">Constance</a>, Smith returned to <a href="/wiki/Duisburg" title="Duisburg">Duisburg</a>, where he met his wife.<sup id="cite_ref-Bio:_Digby_Smith_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bio:_Digby_Smith-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1960, the war office selection board sent him to <a href="/wiki/Mons_Officer_Cadet_School" title="Mons Officer Cadet School">Mons Officer Cadet School</a> at Aldershot, and he received his commission as a lieutenant in 10th Signal Regiment, posted in <a href="/wiki/Krefeld" title="Krefeld">Krefeld</a>, in <a href="/wiki/North_Rhine-Westphalia" title="North Rhine-Westphalia">North Rhine-Westphalia</a>, Germany. Here he was a Troop Commander using the same Pintch equipment he had studied in Constance. In 1961, he received a commission into the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Corps_of_Signals" title="Royal Corps of Signals">Royal Corps of Signals</a>, and served in the <a href="/wiki/British_Army_of_the_Rhine" title="British Army of the Rhine">British Army of the Rhine</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Bio:_Digby_Smith_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bio:_Digby_Smith-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While in service there, he studied German, and explored his growing interest in the military history of the old German states of the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Digby_Smith_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Digby_Smith-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Smith's first foray into the realm of Napoleonic history occurred by chance at Bradbury Barracks in Krefeld. As a qualified linguist, he was asked to research the history of the barracks' original German regiment, part of the Signals' 20th anniversary at the location. His research led him to the <a href="/wiki/2nd_Westphalian_Hussars" class="mw-redirect" title="2nd Westphalian Hussars">2nd Westphalian Hussars</a>, who in turn were descended from the green- and purple-clad Cheaveau Legers Uhlanen of <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Berg" title="Duchy of Berg">Duchy of Berg</a>. This colourful regiment had as its founder the equally colourful <a href="/wiki/Joachim_Murat" title="Joachim Murat">Joachim Murat</a>, King of Naples and a Marshal of France under Napoleon.<sup id="cite_ref-Bio:_Digby_Smith_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bio:_Digby_Smith-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1965, he transferred to the Royal Army Ordnance Corps, where he worked in computers and logistics and the study of work. From 1970 to 1972, he had a stint at the <a href="/wiki/Military_Academy_of_the_German_Armed_Forces" class="mw-redirect" title="Military Academy of the German Armed Forces">German Armed Forces Command and Staff College</a>, located at <a href="/wiki/Blankenese" title="Blankenese">Blankenese</a>, near <a href="/wiki/Hamburg" title="Hamburg">Hamburg</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Bio:_Digby_Smith_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bio:_Digby_Smith-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Post-military">Post-military</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digby_Smith&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Post-military"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After serving a brief stint at the Ministry of Defence, <a href="/wiki/Whitehall" title="Whitehall">Whitehall</a>, he retired from the military to start a new career, selling body armour to the German police, who were at that time combating the <a href="/wiki/Baader_Meinhof" class="mw-redirect" title="Baader Meinhof">Baader Meinhof</a> and other urban terrorist groups. In 1981, high tech logistics and customer services markets drew him into international computer and telecommunications companies located in Germany, <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a> and Moscow. During his assignment to Moscow, where he spent four years, he made several trips to the battlefield at <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Borodino" title="Battle of Borodino">Borodino</a>, and continued developing the material for his compendium, <i>Napoleonic Wars Data Book</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Digby_Smith_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Digby_Smith-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>From 1995, he concentrated full-time on the writing of military history, some of which he wrote for Osprey Military Publishing under the <i>nom de plume</i> of Otto von Pivka.<sup id="cite_ref-Digby_Smith_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Digby_Smith-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Publications_by_Digby_Smith">Publications by Digby Smith</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digby_Smith&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Publications by Digby Smith"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Smith's work in the Osprey series, <i>Men at War</i>, already had received considerable interest from Napoleonic war enthusiasts, hobbyists and re-enactors when Greenhill published <i>Napoleonic Wars Data Book</i>. It was a 20-year project, about which Smith commented, "This is the largest and most complex book that I have produced to date and without having committed the last few years to full time, solid research and presentation this work would never have been written."<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In this massive volume (582 pages, large format, 264 x 204mm–nearly A4 size), Smith compiled the available statistics of nearly every exchange of gunfire of the French Revolutionary Wars and the Napoleonic Wars, close to 2000 engagements, including those in Europe, Egypt, Palestine, and Syria. The result was a highly specialised reference book that listed, in chronological order, the battles, skirmishes and actions of nearly 25 years of worldwide warfare, making it a standard starting place for Napoleonic War battle research.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It also includes the forces involved, the commanders, ranks, names and types of units, and the occasional comment on the battle.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <i>Data Book</i> cemented Smith's reputation as a Napoleonic enthusiast, although not necessarily as a scholar. His first foray into narrative historical writing, <i>1813 Leipzig</i>, met with mixed reviews. On the one hand, Smith included interesting first-person narrative accounts of the four-day battle at Leipzig, and this was considered the main strength of his work. On the other hand, however, the contextualising of the first-person accounts was less accurate, and in particular the first two chapters were marred by frequent factual errors. Filled with absorbing accounts of the battle and people's responses to it, Smith's book was considered an interesting read for students of military history, but not necessarily a scholarly contribution to Napoleonic studies.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Smith's more recent <i>Charge</i> adopted some of the same stylistic elements. After explaining how mounted units formed, trained, and operated, Smith focuses on 13 specific battles to illustrate how cavalry could and did turn the tide in several engagements such as Austerlitz, Eylau, Borodino, Albuera, Marengo, and Waterloo, <a href="/wiki/Liebertwolkwitz" title="Liebertwolkwitz">Liebertwolkwitz</a> and Mockern, and the Allied raids on France in 1813.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="As_Otto_von_Pivka">As Otto von Pivka</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digby_Smith&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: As Otto von Pivka"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Pivka, Otto von. <i>The Black Brunswickers</i>. London: Osprey, 1973.</li> <li>Pivka, Otto von. <i>The armies of Europe today</i>. 1974.</li> <li>Pivka, Otto von. <i>The King's German Legion</i>. London: Osprey, 1974.</li> <li>Pivka, Otto von. <i>The Armies of Europe To-Day</i>. Berkshire: Osprey, 1974.</li> <li>Pivka, Otto von. <i>Napoleon's Polish Troops</i>. 1974.</li> <li>Pivka, Otto von. <i>The King's German Legion</i>. Men-at-arms series. Reading: Osprey Publishing, 1974.</li> <li>Pivka, Otto von, and Michael P. Roffe. <i>Napoleon's German Allies</i>. Reading: Osprey Publishing, 1975.</li> <li>Pivka, Otto von, and M. Roffe. <i>Spanish Armies of the Napoleonic Wars</i>. London: Osprey, 1975.</li> <li>Pivka, Otto von, and M. Roffe. <i>Napoleon's German Allies (1). Westfalia and Kleve-Berg</i>. London: Osprey, 1975.</li> <li>Pivka, Otto von. <i>Spanish Armies of the Napoleonic Wars</i>. London: Osprey Publishing, 1975.</li> <li>Pivka, Otto von, and Michael P. Roffe. <i>Spanish armies of the Napoleonic Wars</i>. London: Osprey, 1975.</li> <li>Pivka, Otto von, and G. A. Embleton. <i>Napoleon's German Allies 2 Nassau & Oldenburg</i>. Men-at-arms series, 43. London: Osprey Pub, 1976.</li> <li>Pivka, Otto von. <i>Napoleon's German Allies (2). Nassau and Oldenburg</i>. London: Osprey, 1976.</li> <li>Pivka, Otto von. <i>Napoleon's German allies (2): Nassau and Oldenburg</i>. London: Osprey, 1976.</li> <li>Pivka, Otto von. <i>The French Army Including Foreign Regiments in French Service and the Confederation of the Rhine</i>. Cambridge: Stephens, 1977.</li> <li>Pivka, Otto von. <i>Armies of 1812. Vol.1, The French Army Including Foreign Regiments in French Service and the Confederation of the Rhine</i>. Cambridge: Stephens, 1977.</li> <li>Pivka, Otto von. <i>Armies of 1812, Bd. I: The French Army Including Foreign Regiments in French Service and the Confederation of the Rhine</i>. Cambridge: Patric Stephens, 1977.</li> <li>Pivka, Otto von. <i>The Portuguese Army of the Napoleonic Wars</i>. Men-at-arms series. London: Osprey, 1977.</li> <li>Pivka, Otto von. <i>The Portuguese Army of the Napoleonic Wars</i>. London: Osprey, 1977.</li> <li>Pivka, Otto von. <i>Armies of 1812</i>. Cambridge: Stephens, 1977.</li> <li><span class="languageicon">(in German)</span> Pivka, Otto von, and Gerry A. Embleton. <i>Napoleons Verbündete in Deutschland 2, Nassau und Oldenburg / G. A. Embleton (Farbtaf.)</i>. Bonn: Wehr und Wissen, 1979.</li> <li>Pivka, Otto von. <i>Napoleon's Italian and Neapolitan Troops</i>. London: Osprey Publishing, 1979.</li> <li><span class="languageicon">(in German)</span> Pivka, Otto von, and Michael Roffe. <i>Napoleons Verbündete in Deutschland 1, Westfalen und Kleve-Berg / Michael Roffe (Farbtaf.)</i>. Bonn: Wehr und Wissen, 1979.</li> <li>Pivka, Otto von. <i>Armies of the Napoleonic Era</i>. Newton Abbey: David & Charles, 1979.</li> <li><span class="languageicon">(in German)</span> Pivka, Otto von. <i>Nassau und Oldenburg</i>. Armeen und Waffen, 2. Bonn: Wehr u. Wissen Verl, 1979.</li> <li>Pivka, Otto von. <i>Navies of the Napoleonic Era</i>. David and Charles, 1980.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="As_Digby_Smith">As Digby Smith</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digby_Smith&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: As Digby Smith"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Smith, Digby George, and Angus McBride. <i>The British Army, 1965–80: Combat and Service Dress</i>. Men-at-arms series. London: Osprey Publishing, 1977.</li> <li>Smith, Digby George. <i>Army uniforms</i>. 1980.</li> <li>Smith, Digby George. <i>Army Uniforms Since 1945</i>. Poole [Eng.]: Blandford Press, 1980.</li> <li>Smith, Digby George. <i>The Greenhill Napoleonic Wars Data Book</i>. London: Greenhill Books, Mechanicsburg, PA: Stackpole Books, 1998.</li> <li>Smith, Digby George. <i>Borodino</i>. Moreton-in-Marsh, Gloucestershire: Windrush, 1998.</li> <li>Smith, Digby George. <i>Napoleon's Regiments: Battle Histories of the Regiments of the French Army, 1792–1815</i>. London: Greenhill Books, 2000.</li> <li>Smith, Digby George. <i>Napoleon's Regiments: Battle Histories of the Regiments of the French Army, 1792–1815</i>. London [u.a.]: Greenhill Books [u.a.], 2000.</li> <li>Smith, Digby George. <i>1813: Leipzig : Napoleon and the Battle of the Nations</i>. London: Greenhill books, 2001.</li> <li>Smith, Digby George. <i>1813, Leipzig: Napoleon and the Battle of the Nations</i>. London: Greenhill Books, 2001.</li> <li>Smith, Digby George. <i>1813: Leipzig ; Napoleon and the Battle of the Nations</i>. London: Greenhill, 2001.</li> <li>Smith, Digby George. <i>Armies of 1812: The Grand Armeé and the Armies of Austria, Prussia, Russia and Turkey</i>. Staplehurst: Spellmount, 2002.</li> <li>Smith, Digby George. <i>Charge!: Great Cavalry Charges of the Napoleonic Wars</i>. London: Greenhill, 2003.</li> <li>Smith, Digby George. <i>Navies of the Napoleonic Era</i>. Atglen, PA: Schiffer Pub, 2004.</li> <li>Smith, Digby George. <i>Napoleon against Russia: A Concise History of 1812</i>. Barnsley: Pen & Sword Military, 2004.</li> <li>Smith, Digby George. <i>Armies of the Napoleonic Era</i>. Atglen, PA: Schiffer Pub, 2004.</li> <li>Smith, Digby George. <i>Napoleon against Russia: A New History of 1812</i>. Barnsley: Pen & Sword Military, 2004.</li> <li>Smith, Digby George. <i>The Prussian Army to 1815</i>. Atglen, PA: Schiffer Pub, 2004.</li> <li>Smith, Digby George. <i>Napoleon against Russia: A New History of 1812</i>. Barnsley: Pen & Sword Military, 2004.</li> <li>Smith, Digby George. <i>Napoleon against Russia: A Concise History of 1812</i>. Barnsley: Pen & Sword Military, 2004.</li> <li>Smith, Digby George. <i>Uniforms of the Napoleonic Wars</i>. London: Lorenz, 2005.</li> <li>Smith, Digby George. <i>The Decline and Fall of Napoleon's Empire: How the Emperor Self-Destructed</i>. London: Greenhill Books [u.a.], 2005.</li> <li><span class="languageicon">(in Polish)</span> Smith, Digby George, and Mariusz Olczak. <i>Lipsk 1813</i>. Seria Napoleońska. Gdańsk: Finna, 2005.</li> <li>Smith, Digby George, and Jeremy Black. <i>An Illustrated Encyclopedia of Uniforms of the Napoleonic Wars: An Expert, in-Depth Reference to the Officers and Soldiers of the Revolutionary and Napoleonic Period, 1792–1815</i>. Illustrated encyclopaedia. London: Lorenz, 2006.</li> <li>Smith, Digby George. <i>Armies of 1812: The Grand Armée and the Armies of Austria, Prussia, Russia and Turkey</i>. Staplehurst: Spellmount, 2007.</li> <li>Smith, Digby George, Kevin F. Kiley, and Jeremy Black. <i>An Illustrated Encyclopedia of Uniforms from 1775–1783, the American Revolutionary War: An Expert Guide to the Uniforms of the American Militias and Continental Army, the Armies and Navies of Great Britain and France, German and Spanish Units, and American Indian Allies</i>. London: Lorenz Books, 2008.</li> <li>Smith, Digby. <i>Armies of the Seven Years' War: Commanders, Equipment, Uniforms and Strategies of the 'First World War.<span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'</span></i> Stroud: The History Press, 2013.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digby_Smith&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digby_Smith&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Citations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Editors. <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.napoleon-series.org/greenhill/news/c_pivka.html">Bio: Digby Smith</a>.</i> On the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.napoleon-series.org">Napoleon Series</a>. Robert Burnham, editor in chief. 1995–2010. Accessed 11 February 2010; Lionel Wigmore. <i>The Japanese Thrust – Australia in the War of 1939–1945</i>. Canberra: Australian War Memorial, 1957, p. 588</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bio:_Digby_Smith-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bio:_Digby_Smith_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bio:_Digby_Smith_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bio:_Digby_Smith_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bio:_Digby_Smith_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bio:_Digby_Smith_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bio:_Digby_Smith_2-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Editors. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.napoleon-series.org/greenhill/news/c_pivka.html">Digby Smith profile</a>, napoleon-series.org. Accessed 5 March 2024.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ospreypublishing.com/us/osprey-blog/2024/digby-smith-obituary/">"Digby Smith Obituary"</a>. <i>Osprey Publishing</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 January</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Osprey+Publishing&rft.atitle=Digby+Smith+Obituary&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ospreypublishing.com%2Fus%2Fosprey-blog%2F2024%2Fdigby-smith-obituary%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADigby+Smith" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Cultural Experience. <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://battlefields.theculturalexperience.com/guides/digby_smith.php">Digby Smith</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100706054221/http://battlefields.theculturalexperience.com/guides/digby_smith.php">Archived</a> 6 July 2010 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></i>. Alan Rooney. Battle Field Tours. 2010. Accessed 11 February 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Digby_Smith-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Digby_Smith_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Digby_Smith_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Digby_Smith_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">The Cultural Experience. <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://battlefields.theculturalexperience.com/guides/digby_smith.php">Digby Smith</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100706054221/http://battlefields.theculturalexperience.com/guides/digby_smith.php">Archived</a> 6 July 2010 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Digby Smith. <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.napoleon-series.org/greenhill/library/c_databook.html">Writing the Databook</a>.</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.napoleon-series.org">Napoleon Series</a>. Robert Burnham, editor in chief. 1998. Accessed 12 February 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Martin Liechty, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.napoleon-series.org/reviews/reference/c_databook.html">"Review of <i>Greenhill Napoleonic Wars Data Book</i></a>. In <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.napoleon-series.org">Napoleon Series</a>. Robert Burnham, editor in chief. 1998. Accessed 12 February 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Robert Wilde, European history guide. <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://europeanhistory.about.com/library/prodrev/aaprnapwarsdatabook.htm">Smith Databook</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101205024446/http://europeanhistory.about.com/library/prodrev/aaprnapwarsdatabook.htm">Archived</a> 5 December 2010 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></i>. Accessed 12 February 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Michael Leggiere. "Review of: Digby Smith, <i>1813 Leipzig</i>." <i>The Journal of Military History</i>, Vol. 65, No. 4 (Oct. 2001), pp. 1092–1093.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">David Lee Poremba. "<i>Charge!: Great Cavalry Charges of the Napoleonic Wars</i> (Review)." <i>Library Journal</i>. New York: 15 May 2003. (128:19), p. 104.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sources">Sources</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digby_Smith&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li>Editors. <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.napoleon-series.org/greenhill/news/c_pivka.html">Bio: Digby Smith</a>.</i> On the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.napoleon-series.org">Napoleon Series</a>. Robert Burnham, editor in chief. 1995–2010. Accessed 11 February 2010.</li> <li>Liechty, Martin. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.napoleon-series.org/reviews/reference/c_databook.html">"Review of <i>Greenhill Napoleonic Wars Data Book</i></a>. In <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.napoleon-series.org">Napoleon Series</a>. Robert Burnham, editor in chief. 1998. Accessed 12 February 2010.</li> <li>Leggiere, Michael. "Review of: Digby Smith, <i>1813 Leipzig</i>." <i>The Journal of Military History</i>, Vol. 65, No. 4 (Oct. 2001), pp. 1092–1093.</li> <li>Poremba, David Lee. "<i>Charge!: Great Cavalry Charges of the Napoleonic Wars</i> (Review)." <i>Library Journal</i>. New York: 15 May 2003. (128:19), p. 104.</li> <li>Rooney, Alan, ed. The Cultural Experience. <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100706054221/http://battlefields.theculturalexperience.com/guides/digby_smith.php">Digby Smith</a></i>. Battle Field Tours. 2010. Accessed 11 February 2010.</li> <li>Wigmore, Lionel. <i>The Japanese Thrust – Australia in the War of 1939–1945</i>. Canberra: Australian War Memorial, 1957.</li> <li>Wilde, Robert. European history guide. <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://europeanhistory.about.com/library/prodrev/aaprnapwarsdatabook.htm">Smith Databook</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101205024446/http://europeanhistory.about.com/library/prodrev/aaprnapwarsdatabook.htm">Archived</a> 5 December 2010 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.about.com">About European History</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110223105218/http://www.about.com/">Archived</a> 23 February 2011 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Accessed 12 February 2010.</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digby_Smith&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Worldcat, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.worldcat.org/search?qt=worldcat_org_all&q=Digby+Smith">Digby Smith</a></li> <li>Worldcat, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.worldcat.org/search?q=Otto+von+Pivka&qt=results_page">Otto von Pivka</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt 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.navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1224591#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1224591#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1224591#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000081878886">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/118897638">VIAF</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/1053197608">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n78029660">United States</a></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n79060461">2</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb13545629v">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb13545629v">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Smith, Digby George"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=xx0151547&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Pivka, Otto von"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=xx0151548&CON_LNG=ENG">2</a></span></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX1393462">Spain</a></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX5575859">2</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p074951971">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810559495805606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Smith, Digby, 1935-"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007415300105171">Israel</a></span></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Pivka, Otto von, 1935-"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007428714305171">2</a></span></span></li></ul></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA15067832?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/1215391">Trove</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/095968326">IdRef</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐f69cdc8f6‐w98px Cached time: 20241122145549 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.459 seconds Real time usage: 0.595 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2760/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 24296/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 3305/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 17/100 Expensive parser 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