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class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Character_relations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Character_relations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 Character relations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Character_relations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Development" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Development"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Development </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Development-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Development subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Development-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Background_and_composition" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Background_and_composition"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1 Background and composition </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Background_and_composition-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Controversy_over_the_period" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Controversy_over_the_period"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1.1 Controversy over the period </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Controversy_over_the_period-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Printing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Printing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2 Printing </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Printing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Publication" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Publication"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Publication </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Publication-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Publication subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Publication-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Release" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Release"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1 Release </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Release-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Revised_edition" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Revised_edition"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2 Revised edition </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Revised_edition-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Translations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Translations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.3 Translations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Translations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reception" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reception"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Reception </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Reception-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Reception subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Reception-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Critical_reception" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Critical_reception"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1 Critical reception </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Critical_reception-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-General_reception" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#General_reception"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.2 General reception </div> </a> <ul id="toc-General_reception-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reception_of_revised_edition" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reception_of_revised_edition"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.3 Reception of revised edition </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reception_of_revised_edition-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Theme" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Theme"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Theme </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Theme-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Theme subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Theme-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-History_and_chivalric_romance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History_and_chivalric_romance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1 History and chivalric romance </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History_and_chivalric_romance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Romance_and_romanticism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Romance_and_romanticism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.2 Romance and romanticism </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Romance_and_romanticism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Politics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Politics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.3 Politics </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Politics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Conflicts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Conflicts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.4 Conflicts </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Conflicts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Style" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Style"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Style </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Style-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Style subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Style-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Structure" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Structure"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.1 Structure </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Structure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Characterisation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Characterisation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.2 Characterisation </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Characterisation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rhetorical_dramatism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rhetorical_dramatism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.3 Rhetorical dramatism </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rhetorical_dramatism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Conversational" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Conversational"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.4 Conversational </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Conversational-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Narration" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Narration"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.5 Narration </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Narration-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Intertextuality_and_allusions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Intertextuality_and_allusions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 Intertextuality and allusions </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Intertextuality_and_allusions-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Intertextuality and allusions subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Intertextuality_and_allusions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Characters_based_on_legends,_history_and_real_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Characters_based_on_legends,_history_and_real_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10.1 Characters based on legends, history and real life </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Characters_based_on_legends,_history_and_real_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Events_based_on_legends,_history_and_politics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Events_based_on_legends,_history_and_politics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10.2 Events based on legends, history and politics </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Events_based_on_legends,_history_and_politics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Architecture_and_geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Architecture_and_geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10.3 Architecture and geography </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Architecture_and_geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Padmanabhapuram_locations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Padmanabhapuram_locations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10.3.1 Padmanabhapuram locations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Padmanabhapuram_locations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Thiruvananthapuram_locations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Thiruvananthapuram_locations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10.3.2 Thiruvananthapuram locations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Thiruvananthapuram_locations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sociocultural_practices" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sociocultural_practices"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10.4 Sociocultural practices </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sociocultural_practices-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Writers_and_literature" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Writers_and_literature"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10.5 Writers and literature </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Writers_and_literature-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Story-line_adaptation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Story-line_adaptation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10.5.1 Story-line adaptation </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Story-line_adaptation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Appropriations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Appropriations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10.5.2 Appropriations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Appropriations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Languages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Languages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10.6 Languages </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Languages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Adaptations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Adaptations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 Adaptations </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Adaptations-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Adaptations subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Adaptations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Abridgement" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Abridgement"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11.1 Abridgement </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Abridgement-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Comics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Comics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11.2 Comics </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Comics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Films" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Films"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11.3 Films </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Films-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Television" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Television"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11.4 Television </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Television-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Theatre" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Theatre"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11.5 Theatre </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Theatre-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Radio" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Radio"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11.6 Radio </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Radio-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sequels" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sequels"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12 Sequels </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sequels-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Significance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Significance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13 Significance </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Significance-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Significance subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Significance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Influence" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Influence"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13.1 Influence </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Influence-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Academic_usage" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Academic_usage"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13.2 Academic usage </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Academic_usage-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Relevance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Relevance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13.3 Relevance </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Relevance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 14 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 15 Notes </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Notes-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Notes subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Biographical_notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Biographical_notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 15.1 Biographical notes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Biographical_notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 16 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 17 Sources </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 18 Further reading </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" 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Available in 4 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-4" aria-hidden="true" > 4 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE_(%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8)" title="मार्ताण्ड वर्मा (उपन्यास) – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="मार्ताण्ड वर्मा (उपन्यास)" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A3%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AE_(%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%BD)" title="മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ (നോവൽ) – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ (നോവൽ)" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE_(%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%96%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE)" title="मार्ताण्ड वर्मा (आख्यायिका) – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="मार्ताण्ड वर्मा (आख्यायिका)" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target">संस्कृतम्</a></li><li 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class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">1891 historical novel by C. V. Raman Pillai</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the historical novel in <a href="/wiki/Malayalam" title="Malayalam">Malayalam</a>. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Marthanda_Varma_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Marthanda Varma (disambiguation)">Marthanda Varma (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title" style="font-size:125%; font-style:italic; padding-bottom:0.2em;">Marthandavarma </caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:MARTANDA_VARMA_1891.jpeg" class="mw-file-description" title="This is the title page of first edition"><img alt="This is the title page of first edition" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/MARTANDA_VARMA_1891.jpeg/310px-MARTANDA_VARMA_1891.jpeg" decoding="async" width="310" height="472" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/MARTANDA_VARMA_1891.jpeg/465px-MARTANDA_VARMA_1891.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/MARTANDA_VARMA_1891.jpeg/620px-MARTANDA_VARMA_1891.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="1482" data-file-height="2255" /></a><div class="infobox-caption">Title page of the first edition</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Author</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/C.V._Raman_Pillai" class="mw-redirect" title="C.V. Raman Pillai">C.V. Raman Pillai</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Original title</th><td class="infobox-data">മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Translator</th><td class="infobox-data">B. K. Menon (1936 – English) O. Krishna Pillai (1954 – Tamil) <a href="/wiki/R._Leela_Devi" class="mw-redirect" title="R. Leela Devi">R. Leela Devi</a> (1979 – English) Kunnukuzhy Krishnankutty (1990 – Hindi) P. Padmanabhan Thambi (2007 – Tamil)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Language</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Malayalam" title="Malayalam">Malayalam</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Genre</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Historical_Novel" class="mw-redirect" title="Historical Novel">Historical Novel</a> Historical <a href="/wiki/Romance_(heroic_literature)" class="mw-redirect" title="Romance (heroic literature)">Romance</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Set in</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Travancore" title="Travancore">Travancore</a> (1727 – 1732)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Published</th><td class="infobox-data">Malayalam : <dl><dd>11 June 1891 (Author)</dd> <dd>1911 – 1925 (B. V. Book Depot)</dd> <dd>1931 – 1971 (Kamalalaya Book Depot)</dd> <dd>1973 onwards (<a href="/wiki/Sahithya_Pravarthaka_Co-operative_Society" title="Sahithya Pravarthaka Co-operative Society">Sahithya Pravarthaka Co-operative Society</a>)</dd> <dd>1983 onwards (Poorna Publications)</dd> <dd>1992 onwards (<a href="/wiki/D._C._Books" class="mw-redirect" title="D. C. Books">D. C. Books</a>)</dd> <dd>1999 (<a href="/wiki/Kerala_Sahitya_Akademi" title="Kerala Sahitya Akademi">Kerala Sahitya Akademi</a>)</dd></dl> English : <dl><dd>1936 (Kamalalaya Book Depot)</dd> <dd>1979 (Sterling Publishers)</dd> <dd>1998 (Sahitya Akademi)</dd></dl> Tamil : <dl><dd>1954 (Kamalalaya Book Depot)</dd> <dd>2007 (<a href="/wiki/Sahitya_Akademi" title="Sahitya Akademi">Sahitya Akademi</a>)</dd></dl> Hindi : <dl><dd>1990 (Kerala Hindi Prachar Sabha)</dd></dl> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Publication place</th><td class="infobox-data">India</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Media type</th><td class="infobox-data">Print (<a href="/wiki/Paperback" title="Paperback">Paperback</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/8171301304" title="Special:BookSources/8171301304">8171301304</a> (<a href="/wiki/D._C._Books" class="mw-redirect" title="D. C. Books">D. C. Books</a> ed.)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Followed by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Dharmaraja_(novel)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dharmaraja (novel)">Dharmaraja</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ramarajabahadur_(novel)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ramarajabahadur (novel)">Ramarajabahadur</a> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Original text</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/ml:%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A3%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AE" class="extiw" title="s:ml:മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ">മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ</a> at Malayalam <a href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a></td></tr></tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box metadata side-box-right noprint selfref"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Translation_Latin_Alphabet-cs.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Translation_Latin_Alphabet-cs.svg/40px-Translation_Latin_Alphabet-cs.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Translation_Latin_Alphabet-cs.svg/60px-Translation_Latin_Alphabet-cs.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Translation_Latin_Alphabet-cs.svg/80px-Translation_Latin_Alphabet-cs.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="476" data-file-height="189" /></a></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Expressions in foreign languages that do not use <a href="/wiki/Latin_script" title="Latin script">Latin script</a>, in this article are transliterated according to <a href="/wiki/ISO_15919" title="ISO 15919">ISO 15919</a>, <a href="/wiki/ALA-LC" class="mw-redirect" title="ALA-LC">ALA-LC</a>, <a href="/wiki/ISO_259" title="ISO 259">ISO 259</a>, <a href="/wiki/ISO_233" title="ISO 233">ISO 233</a>, and Wiki standards.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><div class="side-box metadata side-box-right noprint selfref"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">This article contains <a href="/wiki/Phonetic_transcription" title="Phonetic transcription">phonetic transcriptions</a> in the <a href="/wiki/International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="International Phonetic Alphabet">International Phonetic Alphabet</a> (IPA). For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA" title="Help:IPA">Help:IPA</a>. For the distinction between [ ], / / and ⟨ ⟩, see <a href="/wiki/International_Phonetic_Alphabet#Brackets_and_transcription_delimiters" title="International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters</a>.</div></div> </div> Marthandavarma (<a href="/wiki/Malayalam_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Malayalam language">Malayalam</a>: മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ, Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Malayalam" title="Help:IPA/Malayalam">[mɑːṟt̪t̪ɑːɳɖaʋaṟmma]</a>) is a historical <a href="/wiki/Romance_(heroic_literature)" class="mw-redirect" title="Romance (heroic literature)">romance</a> <a href="/wiki/Novel" title="Novel">novel</a> by <a href="/wiki/C._V._Raman_Pillai" title="C. V. Raman Pillai">C. V. Raman Pillai</a> published in 1891. Taking place between 1727 and 1732 (<a href="/wiki/Kollavarsham" class="mw-redirect" title="Kollavarsham">Kollavarsham</a> 901–906), the story follows three protagonists (Ananthapadmanabhan, Subhadra, and Mangoikkal Kuruppu) as they try to protect <a href="/wiki/Marthanda_Varma" title="Marthanda Varma">Marthanda Varma</a>'s position as the heir to the throne of <a href="/wiki/Venad_(kingdom)" class="mw-redirect" title="Venad (kingdom)">Venad</a> from Padmanabhan Thambi (the son of <a href="/wiki/Rajah_Rama_Varma" class="mw-redirect" title="Rajah Rama Varma">Rajah Rama Varma</a>) and the <a href="/wiki/Ettuveetil_Pillamar" title="Ettuveetil Pillamar">Ettu Veetil Pillamar</a>, both of whom want to oust him from the throne. The novel includes allusions to the Indian subcontinent and Western, historical, cultural and literary traditions. The historical plot runs alongside the love story of Ananthapadmanabhan and Parukutty, Ananthapadmanabhan's chivalric actions, Parukutty's longing for her lover, and Zulaikha's <a href="/wiki/Unrequited_love" title="Unrequited love">unrequited love</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Politics" title="Politics">politics</a> of Venad is shown through the council of Ettuveettil Pillas, the subsequent claim of the throne by Padmanabhan Thambi, the coup attempt, the patriotic conduct of Subhadra, and finally to her tragedy following the suppression of the revolt. The intertwined representation of history and romance is attained through <a href="/wiki/Classicism" title="Classicism">classic</a> style of narration, which includes vernacular languages for various characters, rhetorical embellishments, and a blend of dramatic and <a href="/wiki/Archaism" title="Archaism">archaic</a> style of language suitable to the historical setting of the novel. This novel is the first <a href="/wiki/Historical_novel" class="mw-redirect" title="Historical novel">historical novel</a> published in <a href="/wiki/Malayalam_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Malayalam language">Malayalam language</a> and in <a href="/wiki/South_India" title="South India">south India</a>. The first edition, <a href="/wiki/Self_publish" class="mw-redirect" title="Self publish">self published</a> by the author in 1891, received positive to mixed reviews, but book sales did not produce significant revenue. The revised edition, published in 1911, was an enormous success and became a bestseller. The story of <a href="/wiki/Travancore" title="Travancore">Travancore</a> is continued in the later novels, <a href="/wiki/Dharmaraja_(novel)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dharmaraja (novel)">Dharmaraja</a> (1913) and <a href="/wiki/Ramarajabahadur_(novel)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ramarajabahadur (novel)">Ramarajabahadur</a> (1918–1919). These three novels are together known as CV's Historical Narratives and C. V. Raman Pillai's Novel Trilogy in Malayalam literature. The 1933 movie adaptation <a href="/wiki/Marthanda_Varma_(film)" title="Marthanda Varma (film)">Marthanda Varma</a> led to a legal dispute with the novel's publishers and became the first literary work in Malayalam to be the subject of a <a href="/wiki/Copyright_infringement" title="Copyright infringement">copyright infringement</a>. The novel has been translated into <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tamil_language" title="Tamil language">Tamil</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Hindi_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Hindi language">Hindi</a>, and has also been abridged and adapted in a number of formats, including theater, radio, television, and comic book. The Marthandavarma has been included in the curriculum for courses offered by universities in <a href="/wiki/Kerala" title="Kerala">Kerala</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tamil_Nadu" title="Tamil Nadu">Tamil Nadu</a>, as well as the curriculum of the <a href="/wiki/Kerala_State_Education_Board" class="mw-redirect" title="Kerala State Education Board">Kerala State Education Board</a>. <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historical_background_and_context">Historical background and context</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Marthandavarma_(novel)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Historical background and context">edit</a>]</div> The <a href="/wiki/Venad" class="mw-redirect" title="Venad">Venad</a> kingdom under Ravi Varma (<a href="/wiki/Kollavarsham" class="mw-redirect" title="Kollavarsham">Kollavarsham</a> 859–893, <a href="/wiki/Gregorian_Calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="Gregorian Calendar">Gregorian Calendar</a>: 1684–1718) had to resist foreign attacks and make the eventual payments of arrears to <a href="/wiki/Madurai_Nayaks" class="mw-redirect" title="Madurai Nayaks">Madurai Nayaks</a>; which resulted in the imposition of fresh taxes to meet the expenses. This made the feudal chieftains, the feudal lords (<a href="/wiki/Ettuveettil_Pillamar" class="mw-redirect" title="Ettuveettil Pillamar">Ettuveettil Pillamar</a>) and their confederates (Madampimar), who were once suppressed by Kerala Varma of <a href="/wiki/Kottayam_(Malabar)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kottayam (Malabar)">Kottayam</a> (<a href="/wiki/Wayanad" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayanad">Wayanad</a>) during the period of <a href="/wiki/Umayamma_Rani" title="Umayamma Rani">Umayamma Rani</a>, become recalcitrant.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENagam_Aiya1906318–319Chapter_VI-1">[1]</a> Ravi Varma was succeeded by Aditya Varma (Kollavarsham 893–894, Gregorian Calendar:1718), and during his reign, resolutions were made by the local bodies in villages not to pay the taxes.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEIbrahim_Kunju199016പതിനേഴാം_നൂറ്റാണ്ടിലെ_വേണാടു_രാഷ്ട്രീയം_[Venadu_politics_in_seventeenth_century]-2">[2]</a> Unni Kerala Varma succeeded to the throne, and during his reign, the feudal chieftains became more powerful as the King was weak in disposition. The forces once organized by Kerala Varma were disbanded and some of them took services under the feudal lords.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEShangoony_Menon1879107-3">[3]</a> Unni Kerala Varma was succeeded by <a href="/wiki/Rama_Varma_of_Venad" title="Rama Varma of Venad">Rama Varma</a> in Kollavarsham 899 (Gregorian Calendar: 1724); during his reign the feudal lords grew stronger.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENagam_Aiya1906327,_333–334Chapter_VIShangoony_Menon1879109Chapter_I-4">[4]</a> Rama Varma, pleased with the energy and intelligence of the then prince <a href="/wiki/Marthanda_Varma" title="Marthanda Varma">Marthanda Varma</a>, allowed him to take necessary actions in the affairs of government; which the prince utilized to adopt measures against the rebellious feudal lords, who in-turn became his inveterate enemies and planned lethal actions against the prince.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEShangoony_Menon1879107Chapter_I-5">[5]</a> Marthanda Varma suggested to the King to obtain aid from foreign forces against the power of the feudal lords, and Rama Varma made a treaty with Madurai Nayaks at <a href="/wiki/Tiruchirappalli" title="Tiruchirappalli">Tiruchirappalli</a> in Kollavarsham 901 (Gregorian Calendar 1726) to have additional forces be supplied to Venad for an annual payment.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEShangoony_Menon1879109Chapter_I-6">[6]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Context">Context</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Marthandavarma_(novel)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Context">edit</a>]</div> The <a href="/wiki/Travancore_royal_family" title="Travancore royal family">Travancore royal family</a> follows <a href="/wiki/Marumakkathayam" title="Marumakkathayam">Marumakkathayam</a> as the rule of succession, which is <a href="/wiki/Lineal_descendant#Collateral_descendant" title="Lineal descendant">collateral descent through maternal nephews</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVelu_Pillai1940271Modern_History-7">[7]</a> The feudatory chiefs persuaded the sons of King Rama Varma, Pappu Thambi and Raman Thambi to claim their father's throne through Makkathayam, which is <a href="/wiki/Lineal_descendant" title="Lineal descendant">lineal descent through sons</a>, while Marthanda Varma was the legal heir.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEShangoony_Menon1879116Chapter_II-8">[8]</a> The novel opens in Kollavarsham 901, when feudatory chiefs are taking lethal actions against prince Marthanda Varma, while King Rama Varma headed to Tiruchirappalli for the treaty with Nayaks.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma:_Caritravuṁ_Kalpanayuṁ''2009103-9">[9]</a> The plot moves two years ahead during when the payment to Madurai forces became arrears, the King become ill and bed ridden, feudatory chiefs and sons of Rama Varma joined hands in conspiring against the prince.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Kathākālaṁ;_saṁbhavasthalaṅṅaḷ''2009126–127-10">[10]</a> The novel narrates how Marthanda Varma ascended to the throne overcoming hurdles with the help of his well wishers and the entanglements of their personal lives with the history of <a href="/wiki/Travancore" title="Travancore">Travancore</a> (Venad).<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Rasāviṣkaraṇaṁ_Si.Vi.Nōvalukaḷil''201354''Ādyakāla_Malayāḷanōval''201077മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ–ഒരു_പഠനം_[''Marthandavarma''–A_Study]''Śatābdi_Praśasti''200913-11">[11]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Title">Title</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Marthandavarma_(novel)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Title">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><div class="side-box metadata side-box-right noprint selfref"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Tamil-Malayalam-scripsts.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Tamil-Malayalam-scripsts.png/40px-Tamil-Malayalam-scripsts.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Tamil-Malayalam-scripsts.png/60px-Tamil-Malayalam-scripsts.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/70/Tamil-Malayalam-scripsts.png 2x" data-file-width="79" data-file-height="40" /></a></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">This section contains text in <a href="/wiki/Tamil_script" title="Tamil script">Tamil</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Malayalam_script" title="Malayalam script">Malayalam</a> scripts. Without proper <a href="/wiki/Help:Multilingual_support_(Indic)" title="Help:Multilingual support (Indic)">rendering support</a> you may see <a href="/wiki/Mojibake" title="Mojibake">question marks or boxes</a>, misplaced vowels or missing conjuncts instead of respective glyphs.</div></div> </div> The novel released with the title scripted as മാൎത്താണ്ഡവൎമ്മാ in <a href="/wiki/Malayalam_script" title="Malayalam script">Malayalam</a>, for which the Latin equivalent is Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmmā. Though the original title is a single word, the <a href="/wiki/English_alphabet" title="English alphabet">English</a> counterpart was scripted as Martanda Varma with a space between Martanda and Varma akin to the scripting of the title in <a href="/wiki/Tamil_script" title="Tamil script">Tamil</a> as மார்த்தாண்ட வர்மா.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFirst_Edn.1891O._Krishna_Pillai1954-12">[12]</a> The title was later changed to മാൎത്താണ്ഡവൎമ്മ in the editions published by Kamalalaya Book Depot by omitting the <a href="/wiki/Monophthong" title="Monophthong">long Monophthong</a> vowel sign ാ (ā) in the end, though English counterpart was kept unchanged in the regular editions, the abridged edition corrected it to Marthandavarma, which was followed in the editions and reprints after the copyright period.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKamalalaya_edn.1971''Marthandavarma''_[Abridged]1964''Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma''_[SPCS_Edn.]1973''Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma''_[SPCS_Edn.]1991-13">[13]</a> The title was further revised post the centenary of the novel as മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ, replacing the <a href="/wiki/Malayalam_script#Dot_reph" title="Malayalam script">Dot reph</a>, ൎ with <a href="/wiki/Malayalam_script#Chillus" title="Malayalam script">Chillu</a>, ർ inline with the contemporary Malayalam script usage.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDefinitive_Variorum1992''Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma''_[Poorna_Edn.]1983-14">[14]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Plot_summary">Plot summary</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Marthandavarma_(novel)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Plot summary">edit</a>]</div> In Panchavan forest, a group of merchants find a young man, Ananthapadmanabhan, unconscious and covered in blood and take him with them. Two years later, Parukutty still refuses to believe that her missing lover, Ananthapadmanabhan, is dead. Her mother arranges for her to marry Padmanabhan Thambi, elder son of aging King Rama Varma, through Thambi's right hand, Sundarayyan. The king has fallen ill and is confined to his bed. Desiring the throne, Thambi and Sundarayyan, spreads the lie that the rightful heir, Prince Marthanda Varma, planned the attack on Ananthapadmanabhan because of an argument over a prostitute. Thambi allies himself with the Ettuveettil Pillas to oust the prince, stirring up the people against him and the royal officials. Some citizens stop paying taxes and the forces and finances of the royals are diminished. Prince Marthanda Varma and his aide, Parameswaran Pilla, stay at Charottu palace while on way to <a href="/wiki/Boothapandi" title="Boothapandi">Bhoothapandi</a>, to have discussions with Madurai forces, who detained the prime minister, Arumukham Pilla after payment for the forces become arrears. Velu Kuruppu, a loyalist fighter who serves Padmanabhan Thambi, with his lancers chase out the prince and his aide, however the chased-duo evade chasers after being aided by a mad Channan who misdirect the pursuers, who in-turn fight with mad Channan, Ananthapadmanabhan in disguise. Velu Kuruppu and his team run away after Channan was helped by the archer Chulliyil Chadachi Marthandan Pilla, who also kills a few of the lancers as a payback to Channan for saving his life earlier. The prince and his aide take refuge at Mangoikkal Kuruppu's house. Following Thambi's order to capture the Channan-people, the mad Channan is captured and locked in the dungeon. Upon discovering that Marthanda Varma is at Mangoikkal's house, Velu Kuruppu sends his men to the house and rushes back to Thambi to arrange for more lancers and Nair soldiers to finish off the prince. The mad Channan finds an underground passage from the dungeon to Charottu palace rushes to the Channan-people. As the prince and Mangoikkal arrange for additional forces, Velu Kuruppu and his men launch an attack on Mangoikkal and set the house on fire. The mad Channan and the Channan-people reach Mangoikkal's house to fight the attackers, and Channan rescues prince and his aide trapped in house on fire. Fighters from Mangoikkal's martial arts school join the fight and defeat Velu Kuruppu's men. That night, Thirumukhathu Pilla visits Thambi to ask about the murder of his son, Ananthapadmanabhan; during when one of Velu Kuruppu's lancers arrives and recounts the defeat at Mangoikkal's. Marthanda Varma returns to his <a href="/wiki/Thiruvananthapuram" title="Thiruvananthapuram">Thiruvananthapuram</a> home. Thambi and Sundarayyan arrive to stay at Chembakassery. At night, Ananthapadmanabhan, disguised as a citizen of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Kashi" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Kashi">Kasi</a> (Kasivasi) enters Chembakassery by drugging the caretaker of the armory, Shanku Assan. Thambi, overwhelmed by Parukutty's beauty, goes to her room to attain her but is dragged out by Kasivasi. Half asleep, Parukutty is disturbed by glimpses of the scuffle and falls ill. Later, Sundarayyan steals ornaments from the house. Thambi and his team leave the next morning. Kazhakkoottathu Pilla comes to inquire into Parukutty's illness. He is then followed by Ananthapadmanabhan, disguised as a beggar, to Kudamon Pilla's house. At Kudamon's house a council is formed by the Ettuveettil Pillas and Sundarayyan in support of Padmanabhan Thambi as the next king. Kazhakkoottathu Pilla voices his dissatisfaction with the situation but assures his support. He leaves the council, followed by the beggar. Kazhakkoottathu meets Mangoikkal on the way. The beggar returns to the council to hear the final decision. The council decides to assassinate Prince Marthanda Varma. Afterwards, Ramanamadathil Pilla meets Subhadra, the granddaughter of Kudamon Pilla's maternal aunt. Kazhakkoottathu tricks Mangoikkal and abducts him. As Sundarayyan is returning from the council, he is confronted by the beggar who tries to snatch the council note from him. Struggling, they both fall into the <a href="/wiki/Killi_river" class="mw-redirect" title="Killi river">Killiyar</a>. The beggar rescues Sundarayyan, who cannot swim. Sundarayyan awakes on the shore and delivers the council decision to Thambi. Learning of Parukutty's illness, Subhadra goes to console her mother and learns about Thambi's stay and the theft at the house. At the royal palace a message arrives from Pathan camp warning of the council at Kudamon Pilla's house, as the resolution is unknown, the prince should stay alert at all times. The message also announces the arrival of Mangoikkal. Ramayyan recommends strict action against the conspirators but the prince disagrees. During the discussion the prince realizes that Kalakkutty, whom he had sent to deliver a request for help to Thirumakhathu Pilla, is the maternal uncle-in-law of Sundarayyan; also concludes that Ettuveettil Pillas may have harmed Mangoikkal. Subhadra arrives at Thambi's house by night and asks him about his actions at Chembakassery. During the conversation Thambi realizes that Subhadra knows that the murder that he and Sundarayyan are trying to blame on the prince, was committed by Velu Kuruppu. Thambi goes to stab her with his dagger but, seeing her unmoved, he shrinks back. When Subhadra leaves, Thambi and Sundarayyan decide to kill her, as she knows their secret. Sundarayyan buys poison at Pathan camp but Ananthapadmanabhan, disguised as Shamsudeen, sells him a harmless colored powder. Subhadra persuades Shanku Assan to tell her if the Kasivasi who entered Chambakassery the other night is still at Pathan camp. On his return from Pathan camp, Assan tells her that Sundarayyan was there buying poison. At Pathan camp, Hakkim warns Shamsudeen to be careful of danger when searching for Mangoikkal. Subhadra realizes that Sundarayyan plans to poison her and returns home. The prince and his aide, disguised as civilians, go with Ramayyan to look for Mangoikkal. At night, Ramayyan goes to Sree Pandarathu house, home of Kazhakkoottathu, searching for Mangoikkal. The prince and his aide, sheltered behind a tree, notice an unidentifiable figure (Velu Kuruppu) pass by in a westerly direction. Later, the prince witnesses Sundarayyan heading to his wife, Anantham's, house. Subhadra is with Ramanamadathil Pilla, who leaves after assuring her that he will return. As Ramanamadathil passes by, the prince overhears him talking to himself about the greatness of Kazhakkoottathu Pilla, who captured Mangoikkal. Ramayyan returns to the prince and tells him that he could not check at Sree Panadarathu house due to additional security forces stationed there. Velu Kuruppu arrives at Thambi's house. The prince and his aides leave to check on the ailing king. The archer, Chulliyil Chadachi Marthandan Pilla, chases after them, shooting arrows. The arrows are struck down by the mad Channan who then beats down the archer. Anantham brings food, that her husband secretly poisoned, to Subhadra. Subhadra realizes that the stolen ornaments are at Anantham's house and that she is unaware of her husband's plans. The mad Channan, hiding nearby, overhears their conversation. Ramanamadathil, Sundarayyan and Chulliyil Chadachi Marthandan Pilla visit Thambi's house to talk about assassinating the prince. When Ramanamadathil returns, Subhadra realizes the plan to assassinate the prince by Velu Kuruppu. She sends Shankarachar to deliver a note to the prince. At the king's palace, the prince is relieved to find that the king is a bit better after receiving medicine. Velu Kuruppu attempts to stab the prince while he is returning to his palace with his aide. Shankarachar stops him, they fight and Velu Kuruppu stabs Shankarachar then runs away. The prince and his aide reach Shankarachar, who manages to deliver the note before his final breath. Velu Kuruppu reaches Thambi, who summons Ramanamadathil, Chulliyil Chadachi Marthandan Pilla, Sundarayyan and Kodanki. They decide to move Mangoikkal from Sree Pandarathu house to Chembakassery. Meanwhile, the mad Channan goes to Sree Pandarathu house, drugs the guards and gets the keys. He finds Mangoikkal in the dungeon but Ramanamadathil and company arrive and cut off their escape. In turn, Velu Kuruppu then Kondanki approach the Channan and are shot dead by his pistol. Channan agrees to be in detention with Mangoikkal Kuruppu on the condition that he be allowed to keep his weapons, after Ramanamadathil informs that detainees will be prosecuted by Thirumikhathu Pilla. Mangoikkal and the Channan are moved to Chembakassery and are watched over by palace guards who are loyal to Thambi. Sundarayyan and others spread the lie that prince Marthanda Varma tried to assassinate Ramanamadathil and is responsible for the night's murders. Subhadra gets some relief when her servant returns from Pathan camp with medicine for Parukutty. He also tells her that one of the men at the camp resembles her ex-spouse. An angry mob of citizens rush the palace, but are turned back by the ailing king who signals for them to leave. Ramanamadathil arrives at Thambi's house to tell about the revolt at the palace and praises the actions of Sundarayyan. Chulliyil Chadachi Marthandan Pilla and a servant arrive and announce the death of King Rama Varma. After Rama Varma's funeral, Marthanda Varma manages to send the required payment to the forces from Madurai. Subhadra reaches Chembakassery with medicine for Parukutty, who immediately begins to recover from her illness. Subhadra stays at Chembakassery for the next five days. The prince discovers that the men sent from <a href="/wiki/Kilimanoor" title="Kilimanoor">Kilimanoor</a>, led by Narayanayyan, have been defeated by Kazhakkoottathu Pilla and his men. He fires the palace guards who are working for Thambi. Subhadra returns home after learning of the council being held at her house by Thambi and team. Parukutty and her mother get the keys from caretaker to release the two men from detention. Upon release, the mad Channan runs ahead to conceal his identity and is followed by Mangoikkal. Parukutty sees his resembles to her missing lover and realizes that he is the one who fought off Thambi the night he tried to attain her. Ettuveettil Pillas, the Thambi brothers and Sundarayyan decide to assassinate the prince at the palace that night. Mangoikkal's nephews arrive at the palace to support the prince. He tells them to come in the morning and coordinate with Ramayyan. Later, the prince is awakened from his sleep by Subhadra's arrival in his room, informing him his life is in danger. The prince follows her after remembering that she was the one who helped him another night. Kudamon Pilla, Padmanabhan Thambi and company enter the palace to assassinate the prince but find no one. Subhadra heads to her house with Marthanada Varma, Parameswaran and Ramayyan who are disguised as menials. They are spotted by Raman Thambi and his team on the way, but she and the trio evade him due to her quick thinking. The trio hide near a banyan tree while Subhadra fetches five men, dressed as porters, from her home and rejoins them. She instructs them to cross <a href="/wiki/Venganoor" title="Venganoor">Venganoor</a>. They are about to leave when Thirumukhathu Pilla arrives and recognizes the prince. He asks Subhadra why she is helping the one who killed her brother, Ananthapadmanabhan. She assures him that Ananthapadmanabhan is not dead and asks how he could be her brother. Thirumukhathu reveals that he is her father. Subhadra says that her brother will be at Pathan camp. Subhadra goes home and the others head east as Thirumukhathu knows that Aruveettukar are waiting near the west banks of the river, <a href="/wiki/Karamana_River" title="Karamana River">Karamana</a>. Unable to find the prince, Thambi and the Ettuveettil Pillas lead their forces to Manakkadu, to attack Magaoikkal's fighters. Tipped off by Subhadra, Mangoikkal's fighters are able to put up a stiff resistance despite being outnumbered. Pathan fighters led by Shamsudeen and Beeram Khan arrive and assist against Thambi's forces. Beeram Khan fights Sundarayyan who he has a personal grudge against for causing his separation from, his then-spouse, Subhadra. Sundarayyan brings down Beeram Khan's horse, trapping the latter under the horse. Sundarayyan advances towards him but Beeram Khan springs out from under the body, kills his opponent and leaves the battlefield at once. Shamsudeen shoots Thambi in the hand as he is about to kill Nuradeen. Before Ramanamadathil Pilla and Raman Thambi can advance towards Shamsudden the battlefield is surrounded by Thirumukhathu Pilla and Prince Marthanda Varma's forces. The Thambi brothers and the Ettuveettil Pillas are arrested. The next day, the prince conducts post funerary rituals for the king. He brings back his nephew, the little prince, and aunt, who were safeguarded by Keralavarma Koithampuran at Chembakassery. There, a joyful Parakutty awaits her lover Ananthapadmanabhan's return from the Pathan camp. A few days later, Marthanda Varma ascends the throne. The king orders Ananthapadmanabhan to move Subhadra from her house to safeguard her from Kudamon Pilla, who the king has just released. Subhadra is at her house and sad due to the revelation about her ex-spouse. Kudamon Pilla arrives, catches her by the hair and is about to plunge his sword but Beeram Khan rushes in crying not to kill her. On hearing the voice of her ex-spouse and seeing him longing for her, she thanks god that she can even die. The sword falls on her neck. Before Kudamon Pilla can slay Beeram Khan, he is cut into two by Ananthapadmanabhan who has just arrived. On hearing the news, Marthanda Varma swears under his breath that he will seek vengeance on those responsible for the un-warranted shedding of blood. Three years later, Mangoikkal's house has been rebuilt. Ananthapadmanabhan heads Marthanda Varma's forces in battles with <a href="/wiki/Desinganadu" class="mw-redirect" title="Desinganadu">Desinganadu</a> and other kingdoms. He stays at Chembakassery with his family. Marthanda Varma earns fame as a protector of the people as well as a servant to <a href="/wiki/Sri_Padmanabhaswamy_Temple" class="mw-redirect" title="Sri Padmanabhaswamy Temple">Sreepadmanabha</a> deity. The people celebrate. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Characters">Characters</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Marthandavarma_(novel)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Characters">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Marthandavarma_characters" title="List of Marthandavarma characters">List of Marthandavarma characters</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Character_relations">Character relations</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Marthandavarma_(novel)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Character relations">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Marthandavarma_characters#Character_relations" title="List of Marthandavarma characters">All relation trees of Marthandavarma characters</a></div> <table class="collapsible collapsed" style="margin: 0.3em 1em 0.3em 0; float:left; clear:left; min-width:94%; width:94%; font-size:85%; border:1px solid #aaa"> <tbody><tr> <th style="padding:0.2em 0.3em 0.2em 4.3em;background:none; color: inherit; width:94%">Character relationships </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center"> <table style="border-spacing: 4px; border: 0px solid darkgray;"> <caption>Legend </caption> <tbody><tr> <td><table style="border-spacing: 0px; border-collapse: separate; text-align: center; line-height: 90%;stroke: red;"><tbody><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;text-align:left;border: 0px">descent</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px dotted;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;text-align:left;border: 0px">adoption</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;text-align:left;border: 0px">spouse relation</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;text-align:left;border: 0px">CA</td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dotted;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;text-align:left;border: 0px">CB</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;text-align:left;border: 0px">CA loves CB, Unrequited</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;text-align:left;border: 0px">spouse relation, separated</td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td><table style="border-spacing: 0px; border-collapse: separate; text-align: center; line-height: 92%;"><tbody><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;text-align:left;border: 0px">UW</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;text-align:left;border: 0px">Unnamed Woman</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;text-align:left;border: 0px">UM</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;text-align:left;border: 0px">Unnamed Man</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;text-align:left;border: 0px">UHH</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;text-align:left;border: 0px">Unnamed House-holder</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;text-align:left;border: 0px">UL</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;text-align:left;border: 0px">Unnamed Lady</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;text-align:left;border: 0px">UN</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;text-align:left;border: 0px">Unnamed Nair</td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table style="border-spacing: 4px; border: 0px solid darkgray; text-align: left; line-height: 90%; stroke: red;"> <tbody><tr> <td><table style="border-spacing: 0px; border-collapse: separate; text-align: center; line-height: 98%;"><tbody><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;text-align: center; background:rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.95); border: 2px solid rgba(238, 130, 238, 0.6);border-radius: 0.5em;font-size:90%;box-shadow: 0 5px 8px rgba(3, 3, 3, 0.3);"><Family Name / Type></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr></tbody></table> </td> <td>Matrilineal family </td></tr> <tr> <td><table style="border-spacing: 0px; border-collapse: separate; text-align: center; line-height: 98%;"><tbody><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;text-align: center; background:rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.95); border: 2px solid rgba(255, 99, 71, 0.8);border-radius: 0.5em;font-size:90%;box-shadow: 0 5px 8px rgba(3, 3, 3, 0.3);"><Family Name / Type></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr></tbody></table> </td> <td>Patrilineal family </td></tr> <tr> <td><table style="border-spacing: 0px; border-collapse: separate; text-align: center; line-height: 98%;"><tbody><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;text-align: center; background:rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.95); border: 2px dotted rgba(110, 110, 110, 0.8);border-radius: 0.5em;font-size:90%; color:#000000; text-shadow: 2px 2px 4px #000000;"><Family Name / Type></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr></tbody></table> </td> <td>Family of lineage unknown </td></tr> <tr> <td><table style="border-spacing: 0px; border-collapse: separate; text-align: center; line-height: 90%;"><tbody><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;text-align: center; color:#f12e00; background: #ffa; border: 1px solid #777;border-radius: 0.5em; font-size:95%;"><Character></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr></tbody></table> </td> <td>Character gets killed during the time-line of novel </td></tr> <tr> <td><table style="border-spacing: 0px; border-collapse: separate; text-align: center; line-height: 90%;"><tbody><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;text-align: center; color:#062104; background: #dfe; border: 1px solid #777;border-radius: 0.5em; font-size:95%;"><Character></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr></tbody></table> </td> <td>Active character during the timeline of novel </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table style="border-spacing: 4px; border: 0px solid darkgray; text-align: left; line-height: 90%;"> <tbody><tr><td></td></tr></tbody></table> <table style="border-spacing: 0px; border-collapse: separate; margin: 0 auto; text-align: center; line-height: 93%;"> <tbody><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;text-align: center; background:rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.95); border: 2px solid rgba(255, 99, 71, 0.8);border-radius: 0.5em;font-size:90%;box-shadow: 0 5px 8px rgba(3, 3, 3, 0.3);">Pathan</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;text-align: center; background:rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.95); border: 2px solid rgba(238, 130, 238, 0.6);border-radius: 0.5em;font-size:90%;box-shadow: 0 5px 8px rgba(3, 3, 3, 0.3);">Nair</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;text-align: center; background:rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.95); border: 2px solid rgba(238, 130, 238, 0.6);border-radius: 0.5em;font-size:90%;box-shadow: 0 5px 8px rgba(3, 3, 3, 0.3);">Kudamon</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;text-align: center; background:rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.95); border: 2px solid rgba(238, 130, 238, 0.6);border-radius: 0.5em;font-size:90%;box-shadow: 0 5px 8px rgba(3, 3, 3, 0.3);">Thirumukhathu</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;text-align: center; background:rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.95); border: 2px dotted rgba(110, 110, 110, 0.8);border-radius: 0.5em;font-size:90%; color:#000000; text-shadow: 2px 2px 4px #000000;">Unspecified</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;text-align: center; background:rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.95); border: 2px solid rgba(238, 130, 238, 0.6);border-radius: 0.5em;font-size:90%;box-shadow: 0 5px 8px rgba(3, 3, 3, 0.3);">Chembakasserry</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;text-align: center; background:rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.95); border: 2px solid rgba(238, 130, 238, 0.6);border-radius: 0.5em;font-size:90%;box-shadow: 0 5px 8px rgba(3, 3, 3, 0.3);">Kazhakkoottam</td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;text-align: center; border: 1px solid #777;border-radius: 0.5em; font-size:80%;">UW</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;text-align: center; border: 1px solid #777;border-radius: 0.5em; font-size:80%;">UW</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;text-align: center; color:#062104; background: #dfe; border: 1px solid #777;border-radius: 0.5em; font-size:80%;">Hakkim</td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;text-align: center; border: 1px solid #777;border-radius: 0.5em; font-size:80%;">UHH</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;text-align: center; border: 1px solid #777;border-radius: 0.5em; font-size:80%;">UW</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;text-align: center; border: 1px solid #777;border-radius: 0.5em; font-size:80%;">UW</td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;text-align: center; color:#f12e00; background: #ffa; border: 1px solid #777;border-radius: 0.5em; font-size:80%;">Kudamon Pilla</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;text-align: center; border: 1px solid #777;border-radius: 0.5em; font-size:80%;">UW</td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;text-align: center; color:#062104; background: #dfe; border: 1px solid #777;border-radius: 0.5em; font-size:80%;">Thirumukhathu Pilla</td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;text-align: center; border: 1px solid #777;border-radius: 0.5em; font-size:80%;">UW</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;text-align: center; border: 1px solid #777;border-radius: 0.5em; font-size:80%; width:72;">UM</td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;text-align: center; border: 1px solid #777;border-radius: 0.5em; font-size:80%;">Ayisha</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;text-align: center; color:#062104; background: #dfe; border: 1px solid #777;border-radius: 0.5em; font-size:80%;">Chembakassery Mootha Pilla</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;text-align: center; color:#062104; background: #dfe; border: 1px solid #777;border-radius: 0.5em; font-size:80%;">Karthyayani Amma</td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;text-align: center; border: 1px solid #777;border-radius: 0.5em; font-size:80%;">Ugran Kazhakoottathu Pilla</td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="4;" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;text-align: center; color:#062104; background: #dfe; border: 1px solid #777;border-radius: 0.5em; font-size:80%;">UN / Beeram Khan</td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;text-align: center; color:#f12e00; background: #ffa; border: 1px solid #777;border-radius: 0.5em; font-size:80%;">Subhadra</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;text-align: center; border: 1px solid #777;border-radius: 0.5em; font-size:80%;">UW</td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;text-align: center; color:#062104; background: #dfe; border: 1px solid #777;border-radius: 0.5em; font-size:80%;">Fathima</td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;text-align: center; border: 1px solid #777;border-radius: 0.5em; font-size:80%;">UL</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;text-align: center; color:#062104; background: #dfe; border: 1px solid #777;border-radius: 0.5em; font-size:80%;">Zulaikha</td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dotted;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dotted;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dotted;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dotted;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dotted;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dotted;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dotted;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dotted;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dotted;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dotted;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dotted;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;text-align: center; color:#062104; background: #dfe; border: 1px solid #777;border-radius: 0.5em; font-size:80%;">Ananthapadmanabhan</td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;text-align: center; color:#062104; background: #dfe; border: 1px solid #777;border-radius: 0.5em; font-size:80%;">Parukutty</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;text-align: center; color:#062104; background: #dfe; border: 1px solid #777;border-radius: 0.5em; font-size:80%;">Thevan Vikraman</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;text-align: center; color:#062104; background: #dfe; border: 1px solid #777;border-radius: 0.5em; font-size:80%;">Nuradeen</td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;text-align: center; border: 1px solid #777;border-radius: 0.5em; font-size:80%;">UL</td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td></tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Development">Development</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Marthandavarma_(novel)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Development">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Background_and_composition">Background and composition</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Marthandavarma_(novel)&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Background and composition">edit</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/C._V._Raman_Pillai" title="C. V. Raman Pillai">C. V. Raman Pillai</a> was introduced to historical fiction through the works of <a href="/wiki/Sir_Walter_Scott" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir Walter Scott">Sir Walter Scott</a> and <a href="/wiki/Alexandre_Dumas" title="Alexandre Dumas">Alexandre Dumas</a> during his days at <a href="/wiki/Maharaja%27s_College,_Thiruvananthapuram" class="mw-redirect" title="Maharaja's College, Thiruvananthapuram">Maharaja's College, Thiruvananthapuram</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Si._Vi._Rāman_Piḷḷa''_by_Dr._Ayyappa_Paniker199322വ്യക്തിജീവിതം_[Personal_Life]-15">[15]</a> After graduating in 1881, Pillai traveled to the southern provinces of Travancore with his friend P. Thanu Pillai, then the <a href="/wiki/Tahsildar" class="mw-redirect" title="Tahsildar">Tahsildar</a> at <a href="/wiki/Agastheeswaram" title="Agastheeswaram">Agastheeswaram</a>, and became acquainted with the regional legends that he later incorporated into his novels.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEN._Balakrishnan_Nair195119നവോത്ഥാനത്തിന്റെ_കിരണങ്ങൾ_[Rays_of_Renaissance]N._Balakrishnan_Nair195141–42ഉയർച്ചയ്ക്കുള്ള_വൈഷമ്യങ്ങൾ_[Difficulties_for_Ascension]_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEN._Balakrishnan_Nair195119നവോത്ഥാനത്തിന്റെ_കിരണങ്ങൾ_[Rays_of_Renaissance]N._Balakrishnan_Nair195141–42ഉയർച്ചയ്ക്കുള്ള_വൈഷമ്യങ്ങൾ_[Difficulties_for_Ascension]-16">[16]</a> Before starting to write Marthandavarma, Pillai would read English novels and take notes.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEN._Balakrishnan_Nair195169ഗുമസ്തന്റെ_പൗരുഷം_[Valor_of_Clerk]-17">[17]</a> While writing Marthandavarma, Pillai had difficulty sleeping and his constant <a href="/wiki/Betel-chewing" class="mw-redirect" title="Betel-chewing">betel chewing</a> instigated his writing.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''C._V._Raman_Pilla''201498വിവാഹം_[Wedding]-18">[18]</a> During the composition, Pillai's spouse and Mukkalampattu Janaki Amma were amanuenses, whenever one of them was free. However, the author's neighbor, Ms. Thazhamadathu Janaki Amma, actually transcribed more of the book than either of them.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEN._Balakrishnan_Nair195169ഗുമസ്തന്റെ_പൗരുഷം_[Valor_of_Clerk]-17">[17]</a> Pillai went to Madras to pursue his law examination.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''C._V._Raman_Pilla''2014119മലയാളി_മെമ്മോറിയൽ_[Malayāḷi_Memorial]N._Balakrishnan_Nair195177രണ്ടു_കാര്യങ്ങൾ_[Two_affairs]-19">[19]</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><div class="side-box metadata side-box-right"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"> <a href="/wiki/File:CV_as_a_young_man_monochrome.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/CV_as_a_young_man_monochrome.jpeg/180px-CV_as_a_young_man_monochrome.jpeg" decoding="async" width="180" height="299" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/CV_as_a_young_man_monochrome.jpeg/270px-CV_as_a_young_man_monochrome.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/11/CV_as_a_young_man_monochrome.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="346" data-file-height="575" /></a></div> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">According to the <a href="/wiki/DC_Books" title="DC Books">DC Books</a> edition of Marthandavarma this photograph of <a href="/wiki/C._V._Raman_Pillai" title="C. V. Raman Pillai">C. V.</a> was taken during the time that he was developing his novel.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDefinitive_Variorum20098-20">[20]</a></div></div> </div> In January 1890, the Malayalam novel <a href="/wiki/Indulekha_(novel)" title="Indulekha (novel)">Indulekha</a> was released and became a topic of discussion in Madras.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMalayankeezh_Gopalakrishnan200784–85പാരമ്പര്യത്തിന്റെ_യവനിക_പിച്ചിച്ചീന്താൻ_രണ്ട്_സ്വാമിമാർ_[Two_masters_to_tore_the_screen_of_tradition]-21">[21]</a> The instant fame of Indulekha and its author, <a href="/wiki/O._Chandumenon" class="mw-redirect" title="O. Chandumenon">O. Chandumenon</a>, incited C. V. Raman Pillai to complete his novel Marthandavarma.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''C._V._Raman_Pilla''2014100മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ_നിർമ്മിതിയും_പ്രസിദ്ധീകരണവും_[''Marthandavarma''_:_Creation_and_Publication]-22">[22]</a> N. Balakrishnan Nair recounts that a challenge was raised by some <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Malabarian" class="extiw" title="wikt:Malabarian">Malabarians</a> as to whether there were any men in <a href="/wiki/Travancore" title="Travancore">Travancore</a> who could create another literary work like Indulekha, to which C. V. Raman Pillai reciprocated that he will prove it as affirmative.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEN._Balakrishnan_Nair195185–87രണ്ടു_കാര്യങ്ങൾ_[Two_affairs]-23">[23]</a> For almost two months after that, the author was occupied in writing Marthandavarma.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''C._V._Raman_Pilla''2014100മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ_നിർമ്മിതിയും_പ്രസിദ്ധീകരണവും_[''Marthandavarma''_:_Creation_and_Publication]-22">[22]</a> C. V. Raman Pillai, while involved in the discussions of memorandum, mentioned to G. Parameswaran Pillai that with the publication of his novel, Marthandavarma, people would be proud about their early history. Eventually, he lost interest in passing his law examinations, as his main intention was to complete Marthandavarma and ready the manuscript for printing.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEN._Balakrishnan_Nair195179–80രണ്ടു_കാര്യങ്ങൾ_[Two_affairs]-24">[24]</a> C. V. Raman Pillai left for Trivandrum after he was entrusted to translate the memorandum to Malayalam.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMalayankeezh_Gopalakrishnan200784–85പാരമ്പര്യത്തിന്റെ_യവനിക_പിച്ചിച്ചീന്താൻ_രണ്ട്_സ്വാമിമാർ_[Two_masters_to_tore_the_screen_of_tradition]-21">[21]</a> According to N. Balakrishnan Nair, the author rejoined in his job on Ciṅṅaṁ 9, 1066 (23 August 1890).<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEN._Balakrishnan_Nair195197–98രണ്ടു_കാര്യങ്ങൾ_[Two_affairs]-25">[25]</a> C. V. Raman Pillai sent the completed chapters to his friend N. Raman Pillai<a href="#cite_note-NRPillaiNote-27">[i]</a> at Madras, who in turn edited and contributed to the manuscript.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''C._V._Raman_Pilla''2014101–104മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ_നിർമ്മിതിയും_പ്രസിദ്ധീകരണവും_[''Marthandavarma''_:_Creation_and_Publication]-28">[27]</a> The author's earlier experiences of having estranged from home, his life with Muslims at Hyderabad, having suggested converting to Islam and marry a Muslim girl were adapted to build the characterization of Shamsudeen and the descriptions of Pathan camp in the novel.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Si._Vi._Caritrākhyāyikakaḷilūṭe''199150ജീവിതത്തിൽനിന്നുതന്നെ_[From_life_itself]-29">[28]</a> The character of Karthyayani Amma is based on his elder sister, and the attire of Velu Kuruppu is based on the outlook of <a href="/wiki/K._C._Kesava_Pillai" title="K. C. Kesava Pillai">K. C. Kesava Pillai</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEN._Balakrishnan_Nair195197–98രണ്ടു_കാര്യങ്ങൾ_[Two_affairs]-25">[25]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Controversy_over_the_period">Controversy over the period</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Marthandavarma_(novel)&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Controversy over the period">edit</a>]</div> According to P. K. Parameswaran Nair, consensus is the novel was developed during 1890, though he claimed that the author wrote it between 1883 and 1885, which contradicts his own statement that C. V. Raman Pillai thought about writing a novel only at the age of twenty-eight years, which is around 1887.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''C._V._Raman_Pilla''201484ചന്ദ്രമുഖീവിലാസം_[''Candramukhīvilāsaṁ'']-30">[29]</a> P. Venugopalan affirms that there is an earlier version of the novel, and that N. Raman Pillai listened to a reading of an early draft while at Madras.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma:_Sr̥ṣṭiyuṁ_svarūpavuṁ''200960,_66–69-31">[30]</a> The affirmation about the inclusion of Subhadra in the earlier version of novel brought out another contradiction to the claim of P. K. Parameswaran Nair with his own quotes from the words of C. V. Raman Pillai, which state that the author envisioned the character of Subhadra through his wife, Bhageeridhi Amma, whom he married only in November 1887.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''C._V._Raman_Pilla''201494വിവാഹം_[Wedding]-32">[31]</a> One of Pillai's later amanuenses, K. R. Prameswaran Pilla, quoted the author as saying that he started writing Marthandavarma while staying in Madras.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Ādyakāla_Malayāḷanōval''201070–71മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ–ഒരു_പഠനം_[''Marthandavarma''–A_Study]-33">[32]</a> N. Balakrishanan Nair notes that, Pillai made several visits to Madras with the particulars from N. Raman Pillai's home, while <a href="/wiki/G.parameswaran_pillai" class="mw-redirect" title="G.parameswaran pillai">G. Parameswaran Pillai</a> and the latter were in Madras.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEN._Balakrishnan_Nair195144ഉയർച്ചയ്ക്കുള്ള_വൈഷമ്യങ്ങൾ_[Difficulties_for_Ascension]-34">[33]</a> <a href="/wiki/George_Irumbayam" title="George Irumbayam">George Irumbayam</a> asked P. K. Parameswaran Nair about the existence of such a <a href="#letter">letter</a>; who said that he had lost it. The claim of P. K. Parameswaran Nair and those who supported the same were concluded as attempts of fans of C. V. Raman Pillai, whom they wanted to cast as the first novelist of <a href="/wiki/Malayalam_literature" title="Malayalam literature">Malayalam literature</a>, and George Irumbayam remarked that the fans went to the extent of not believing the words of the writer in the deliberation of their attempt.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Nōval_Si.Vi._Mutal_Baṣīṟ_Vare''2009131–134സി.വി.യെ_വിശ്വസിക്കുക,_ആരാധകരിൽ_നിന്നു_രക്ഷിക്കുക_[Believe_C._V.,_Relieve_from_fans]-35">[34]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Printing">Printing</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Marthandavarma_(novel)&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Printing">edit</a>]</div> P. K. Parameswaran Nair states that the proceedings with printers at Madras were initiated after the completion of novel writing, which contradicts his own statement about the completion of printing till 150 pages while quoting a letter from N. Raman Pillai, whose words indicate that the scripting was in progress.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''C._V._Raman_Pilla''2014101–104മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ_നിർമ്മിതിയും_പ്രസിദ്ധീകരണവും_[''Marthandavarma''_:_Creation_and_Publication]-28">[27]</a> K. R. Parameswaran Pilla notes that the printing of the novel was started after the completion of third chapter.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Ātmapōṣiṇi''1921588–589-36">[35]</a> The printing was done at Messrs. Addison & Co., Madras, to whom the manuscripts were passed over by N. Raman Pillai.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''C._V._Raman_Pilla''2014101–104മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ_നിർമ്മിതിയും_പ്രസിദ്ധീകരണവും_[''Marthandavarma''_:_Creation_and_Publication]-28">[27]</a> N. Balakrishnan Nair points that C. V. Raman Pillai went to hometown from Madras to arrange the money for printing, and during the time, he sent the manuscripts to N. Raman Pillai.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEN._Balakrishnan_Nair195185–87രണ്ടു_കാര്യങ്ങൾ_[Two_affairs]-23">[23]</a> C. V. Raman Pillai was involved in the Malayalam translation of memorandum proposed by G. Prameswaran Pillai titled then as Malayāḷi Memorial followed by the printing and getting the signatures from supporters, and being involved in the activities, he fell short of money as some promised sponsors pulled out fearing an adverse reaction from Government.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMalayankeezh_Gopalakrishnan200786–87മഹാരാജാവിന്_മലയാളി_മെമ്മോറിയൽ_സമർപ്പിക്കുന്നു_[Submitting_Malayali_Memorial_to_the_king]-37">[36]</a> K. P. Sankara Menon and G. Parameswaran Pillai came to Trivandrum by the end of December 1890 for campaigning about the memorandum. C. V. Raman Pillai bore the expenses of their commutations and proceedings, and went on to sell his wife's necklace to meet the requirements.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''C._V._Raman_Pilla''2014122മലയാളി_മെമ്മോറിയൽ_[Malayāḷi_Memorial]-38">[37]</a> The memorandum was eventually sent to the king on 10 January 1891 by K. P. Sankara Menon.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJeffrey2014150–151,_155The_Malayali_Sabha_and_the_Malayali_Memorial_:_Out_of_Change,_Conflict_1886-89-39">[38]</a> The financial crunch due to the situations made it difficult for C. V. Raman Pillai to pay for complete the printing of the remaining chapters as intended; so, he made a concise version and had it printed as part of twenty-sixth chapter, which thus became the final chapter of the novel. P. K. Parameswaran Nair states that there were three more chapters after the twenty-sixth chapter by referring to a letter from N. Raman Pillai, who learned of the concise narration only after getting the printed copy as he had gone to Thiruvananthapuram before the completion of printing, criticized the author regarding the same.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''C._V._Raman_Pilla''2014112മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മയിലൂടെ_[Through_''Marthandavarma'']-40">[39]</a> According to N. Balakrishnan Nair, the concise version included in twenty-sixth chapter is an abridgement of two intended chapters. C. V. Raman Pillai states in the preamble that he wanted to have an annexure at the end of the novel.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEN._Balakrishnan_Nair195185–87രണ്ടു_കാര്യങ്ങൾ_[Two_affairs]-23">[23]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Publication">Publication</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Marthandavarma_(novel)&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Publication">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Release">Release</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Marthandavarma_(novel)&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Release">edit</a>]</div> When printing of further copies with errata was over, C. V. Raman Pillai made a request for permission on 13 April 1891 to submit the first copy at royal palace, and subsequently the book was released on 11 June 1891 after presenting the first copy to Aswathi Thirunal Marthanda Varma, to whom the book is also dedicated to.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma:_Sr̥ṣṭiyuṁ_svarūpavuṁ''200957–58-41">[40]</a> Pillai sent two copies to <a href="/wiki/Kerala_Varma_Valiya_Koil_Thampuran" title="Kerala Varma Valiya Koil Thampuran">Kerala Varma Valiya Koil Thampuran</a>, one for the recipient and another for recipient's wife, which was acknowledged in the recipient's letter to the author dated 24 June 1891.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''C._V._Raman_Pilla''2014105–106മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ_നിർമ്മിതിയും_പ്രസിദ്ധീകരണവും_[''Marthandavarma''_:_Creation_and_Publication]-42">[41]</a> N. Balakrishnan Nair states that author gave several copies of book as complimentary ones, out of the total 1000 copies printed.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEN._Balakrishnan_Nair1951105മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മയ്ക്കു_ശേഷം_[After_''Marthandavarma'']-43">[42]</a> According to P. K. Parameswaran Nair, the publication of Marthandavarma was a great event in the history of <a href="/wiki/Malayalam_literature" title="Malayalam literature">Malayalam literature</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''C._V._Raman_Pilla''2014105–106മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ_നിർമ്മിതിയും_പ്രസിദ്ധീകരണവും_[''Marthandavarma''_:_Creation_and_Publication]-42">[41]</a> The novel was the first of its kind in Malayalam literature, the release of the novel made <a href="/wiki/Malayalam" title="Malayalam">Malayalam</a> the sixth<a href="#cite_note-IndoHistoNovelsNote-50">[A]</a> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Historical_novels_in_Indian_languages" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Historical novels in Indian languages">Indian language</a> and first <a href="/wiki/Dravidian_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Dravidian language">Dravidian language</a> to have a novel in the genre of historical fiction, thus became the first<a href="#cite_note-EarlyDravidNovelsNote-54">[B]</a> historical novel of <a href="/wiki/South_India" title="South India">South India</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Revised_edition">Revised edition</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Marthandavarma_(novel)&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Revised edition">edit</a>]</div> In 1911, Kulakkunnathu Raman Menon,<a href="#cite_note-KSRamNote-56">[ii]</a> who owned B. V. Book Depot at Trivandrum, acquired rights of the novel, to publish from his own publishing house.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEN._Balakrishnan_Nair1951107മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മയ്ക്കു_ശേഷം_[After_''Marthandavarma'']-57">[53]</a> C. V. Raman Pillai did a revision for the new edition, in which he had replaced the edits of N. Raman Pillai in the first edition with his own. The author corrected the flaws in the usages of <a href="/wiki/Sanskrit" title="Sanskrit">Sanskrit</a> and <a href="/wiki/Malayalam" title="Malayalam">Malayalam</a> words, together with the change of phrases that are in line with the then usages of Malayalam. The changes included the removal of a precognitive narration about the death of Padmanabhan Thambi at <a href="/wiki/Nagercoil" title="Nagercoil">Nagercoil</a>, removal of reference to an earlier spouse of character Anantham prior to her relationship with Sundarayyan and removal of references to mistresses from <a href="/wiki/Thanjavur" title="Thanjavur">Thanjavur</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma:_Sr̥ṣṭiyuṁ_svarūpavuṁ''200969–72,_75–77-58">[54]</a> The copyrights of the novel were registered on 11 August 1911, and <a href="/wiki/D._C._Kizhakemuri" title="D. C. Kizhakemuri">D. C. Kizhakemuri</a> notes that the copyrights were reserved until 31 December 1972.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma:_Sr̥ṣṭiyuṁ_svarūpavuṁ''200957–58''Pṟasādhakakkuṟippŭ''20095-59">[55]</a> All the reprints of the novel available after 1911 are only of the revised edition. <a href="/wiki/Sahithya_Pravarthaka_Co-operative_Society" title="Sahithya Pravarthaka Co-operative Society">Sahithya Pravarthaka Co-operative Society</a> (SPCS) alias Sahithya Pravarthaka Shakarana Sangham of <a href="/wiki/Kottayam" title="Kottayam">Kottayam</a>, Poorna Publications of <a href="/wiki/Kozhikode" title="Kozhikode">Kozhikode</a>, and <a href="/wiki/D._C._Books" class="mw-redirect" title="D. C. Books">D. C. Books</a> of Kottayam started publishing their editions from 1973, 1983, and 1992 respectively to remain as the major publishers<a href="#cite_note-PubliNote-61">[C]</a> of the novel.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma''_[SPCS_Edn.]1973''Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma''_[Poorna_Edn.]1983Definitive_Variorum1992-62">[57]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Translations">Translations</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Marthandavarma_(novel)&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Translations">edit</a>]</div> Marthandavarma has been translated into three languages, <a href="/wiki/Tamil_language" title="Tamil language">Tamil</a>, <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hindi" title="Hindi">Hindi</a> as five different versions, among which two were in Tamil another two, were in English and one incomplete translation was in Hindi. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><div class="side-box metadata side-box-right noprint selfref"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Devanagari-Tamil-scripts.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Devanagari-Tamil-scripts.png/40px-Devanagari-Tamil-scripts.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Devanagari-Tamil-scripts.png/60px-Devanagari-Tamil-scripts.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Devanagari-Tamil-scripts.png/80px-Devanagari-Tamil-scripts.png 2x" data-file-width="95" data-file-height="40" /></a></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">This section contains text in <a href="/wiki/Devanagari" title="Devanagari">Devanagari</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Tamil_script" title="Tamil script">Tamil</a> scripts. Without proper <a href="/wiki/Help:Multilingual_support_(Indic)" title="Help:Multilingual support (Indic)">rendering support</a> you may see <a href="/wiki/Mojibake" title="Mojibake">question marks or boxes</a>, misplaced vowels or missing conjuncts instead of respective glyphs.</div></div> </div> <ul><li>1936: Marthanda Varma (English) – The first English translation by B. K. Menon<a href="#cite_note-BKMNote-64">[iii]</a> was published by Kamalalaya Book Depot, Trivandrum in 1936, and was republished by <a href="/wiki/Sahitya_Akademi" title="Sahitya Akademi">Sahitya Akademi</a> in 1998 after a revision by the daughter of B. K. Menon, Prema Jayakumar.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEB.K._Menon1936Prema_Jayakumar19989–10-65">[59]</a></li> <li>1954: மார்த்தாண்ட வர்மா (Mārttāṇḍa Varmā, Tamil) – The first translation of the novel in Tamil was by O. Krishna Pillai. It was published by Kamalalaya Book Depot, Trivandrum.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEO._Krishna_Pillai1954-66">[60]</a></li> <li>1979: Marthanda Varma (English) – The second English translation by <a href="/wiki/R._Leela_Devi" class="mw-redirect" title="R. Leela Devi">R. Leela Devi</a> was published by Sterling Publishers, New Delhi. A reprint by the same publisher was released in 1984.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELeela_Devi1979-67">[61]</a></li> <li>1990: मार्ताण्ड वर्मा (Mārtāṇḍa Varmā, Hindi) – Kunnukuzhy Krishnankutty has done the Hindi translation, which was serialized and left incomplete in the editions of journal Kēraḷ Jyōti from Kerala Hindi Prachar Sabha, <a href="/wiki/Thiruvananthapuram" title="Thiruvananthapuram">Thiruvananthapuram</a> during June 1990 to December 1990.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKrishnankutty1990-68">[62]</a></li> <li>2007: மார்த்தாண்ட வர்ம்மா (Mārttāṇḍa Varmmā, Tamil) – The second Tamil translation of the novel by P. Padmanabhan Thambi was published by Sahitya Akademi.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPadmanabhan_Thambi2007-69">[63]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reception">Reception</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Marthandavarma_(novel)&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Reception">edit</a>]</div> The novel received positive to mixed response, being the first historical novel of <a href="/wiki/Malayalam_literature" title="Malayalam literature">Malayalam literature</a> and <a href="/wiki/South_India" title="South India">south India</a>. Prof. <a href="/wiki/Guptan_Nair" class="mw-redirect" title="Guptan Nair">Guptan Nair</a> notes that the literary work was hailed as a masterpiece.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''C._V._Raman_Pillai''_by_S._Guptan_Nair19927Foreword-70">[64]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Critical_reception">Critical reception</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Marthandavarma_(novel)&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Critical reception">edit</a>]</div> In the review appeared on <a href="/wiki/The_Hindu" title="The Hindu">The Hindu</a>, Madras edition dated 21 December 1891, the novel is mentioned as a respectable specimen what an <a href="/wiki/Indian_people" title="Indian people">Indian</a> graduate is capable of accomplishing in the department of fiction.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEditorial_from_''THE_HINDU''189172-71">[65]</a> P. Thanu Pillai rated the novel as a rare and valuable addition to the literature of Malayalam.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''C._V._Raman_Pilla''2014105–106മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ_നിർമ്മിതിയും_പ്രസിദ്ധീകരണവും_[''Marthandavarma''_:_Creation_and_Publication]-42">[41]</a> <a href="/wiki/Kerala_Varma_Valiya_Koil_Thampuran" title="Kerala Varma Valiya Koil Thampuran">Kerala Varma Valiya Koil Thampuran</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kodungallur_Kunjikkuttan_Thampuran" title="Kodungallur Kunjikkuttan Thampuran">Kodungallur Kunjikkuttan Thampuran</a> ranked the novel as better than the heretofore-released novels<a href="#cite_note-EarlyNovelsNote-78">[E]</a> in Malayalam. Kilimanoor Ravi Varma Koil Thampuran remarked that he could not keep aside the novel once he started reading the book. <a href="/wiki/Manonmaniam_Sundaram_Pillai" title="Manonmaniam Sundaram Pillai">P. Sundaram Pillai</a> stated that he read the novel with so much pride.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''C._V._Raman_Pilla''2014105–106മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ_നിർമ്മിതിയും_പ്രസിദ്ധീകരണവും_[''Marthandavarma''_:_Creation_and_Publication]-42">[41]</a> The review in The Hindu criticized the free usage of <a href="/wiki/Sanskrit" title="Sanskrit">Sanskrit</a> words, which will make novel to be enjoyed by the elite people and not the general readers.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''C._V._Raman_Pillai''_by_S._Guptan_Nair19927Foreword-70">[64]</a> <a href="/wiki/Kerala_Varma_Valiya_Koil_Thampuran" title="Kerala Varma Valiya Koil Thampuran">Kerala Varma Valiya Koil Thampuran</a> criticized the inappropriate usages of Sanskrit words, among which some<a href="#cite_note-SansFlawNote-80">[F]</a> are remarked as unpardonable blunders.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''C._V._Raman_Pilla''2014116മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മയിലൂടെ_[Through_''Marthandavarma'']-79">[71]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="General_reception">General reception</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Marthandavarma_(novel)&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: General reception">edit</a>]</div> When Marthandavarma was released, the people of <a href="/wiki/Trivandrum" class="mw-redirect" title="Trivandrum">Trivandrum</a> devoured it.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''C._V._Raman_Pillai''_by_S._Guptan_Nair19927Foreword-70">[64]</a> N. Balakrishnan Nair notes that the release of novel was celebrated like a literary festival at Trivandrum.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEN._Balakrishnan_Nair195188രണ്ടു_കാര്യങ്ങൾ_[Two_affairs]-81">[72]</a> Though the novel became the topic of discussion in cottages, elite circles, clubs and law courts, the sale of book was very poor.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEN._Balakrishnan_Nair195193രണ്ടു_കാര്യങ്ങൾ_[Two_affairs]-82">[73]</a> The author did not even get the required revenue to pay the printing costs, and at one point of time, he took one hundred numbers of unsold books as a bundle to his elder brother, who was then the <a href="/wiki/Tehsildar" title="Tehsildar">Tehsildar</a> at <a href="/wiki/Muvattupuzha" title="Muvattupuzha">Muvattupuzha</a> and demanded one hundred rupees. C. V. Raman Pillai had sent unsold copies of the novel to P. Ayyappan Pillai, the then Education Secretary and to his friend P. Thanu Pillai, the then Manager of Huzur Court (Court of Appeal) at their respective offices, to have those sold. N. Balakrishnan Nair notes that the remaining copies among the one thousand numbers of first print were damaged due to infestation by termites.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma:_Sr̥ṣṭiyuṁ_svarūpavuṁ''200960,_66–69N._Balakrishnan_Nair1951105–106മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മയ്ക്കു_ശേഷം_[After_''Marthandavarma'']-83">[74]</a> The general reading people slowly accepted the novel and, the author went on to release five more editions until 1911.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEN._Balakrishnan_Nair1951107മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മയ്ക്കു_ശേഷം_[After_''Marthandavarma'']-57">[53]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Reception_of_revised_edition">Reception of revised edition</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Marthandavarma_(novel)&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Reception of revised edition">edit</a>]</div> The revised edition of the novel, published in 1911 by Kulalakkunnathu Raman Menon's publishing house,<a href="#cite_note-BvKamalalayaNote-86">[a]</a> received overwhelming positive response and became one of the best sellers of the period. N. Balakrishnan Nair notes that the sale of book was similar to that of <a href="/wiki/Adhyatma_Ramayana" title="Adhyatma Ramayana">Adhyatma Ramayana</a> and by 1951 Kamalalaya Book Depot released the 25th edition.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEN._Balakrishnan_Nair1951107മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മയ്ക്കു_ശേഷം_[After_''Marthandavarma'']-57">[53]</a> P. Venugopalan states that it is not doubtful that Marthandavarma is the most sold book in Malayalam.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma:_Sr̥ṣṭiyuṁ_svarūpavuṁ''200959-87">[77]</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-lower-alpha"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-BvKamalalayaNote-86"><a href="#cite_ref-BvKamalalayaNote_86-0">^</a> In 1931, the publishing house, B. V. Book Depot and Kamalalaya Printing Works and copyrights of various titles were divided among the sons & daughters and brothers & sisters of the founder, Kulakkunnathu S. Raman Menon, who died in 1925, as B. V. Book Depot and Kamalalaya Book Depot to proceed as separate institutions respectively.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Encyclopedia''2015-84">[75]</a> Kamalalaya Book Depot retained the rights of Marthandavarma, and brought out further editions, translations, abridgment under the labels, Kamalalaya Book Depot, Kamalalaya Book Depot & Printing Works, and Kamalalaya Printing Works & Book Depot.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPerunna_K._N._Nair198412–13,_15കുളക്കുന്നത്തു_രാമമേനോൻ_[Kulakkunnathu_Raman_Menon]-85">[76]</a> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Theme">Theme</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Marthandavarma_(novel)&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Theme">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="History_and_chivalric_romance">History and chivalric romance</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Marthandavarma_(novel)&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: History and chivalric romance">edit</a>]</div> In the preamble, Pillai states that he wrote the book with the intention of creating a model of historical <a href="/wiki/Romance_(heroic_literature)" class="mw-redirect" title="Romance (heroic literature)">romance</a> in <a href="/wiki/Malayalam" title="Malayalam">Malayalam</a>; historical events of the eighteenth century serve as the skeleton of the story.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEditorial_from_''THE_HINDU''189168–70''Si._Vi._Rāman_Piḷḷa''_by_Dr._Ayyappa_Paniker199338._ഈ_ചരിത്രാംശത്തെ_അസ്ഥിപഞ്ജരമായുപയോഗിച്ചുകൊണ്ട്_കാല്പനികഭാവനയുടെ_സംഭാവനകളാൽ_മാംസളവും_കമനീയവുമാക്കിത്തീർത്ത_ഒരു_ശില്പമാണ്_''മാർത്താണ്ഡമർമ്മ''യ്ക്കുള്ളത്._[This_historical_aspect_is_used_as_a_skeleton_embodied_with_contributions_of_romantic_imagination_to_form_an_elegant_as_well_as_fleshy_structure_for_''Marthandavarma''.]_88-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEditorial_from_''THE_HINDU''189168–70''Si._Vi._Rāman_Piḷḷa''_by_Dr._Ayyappa_Paniker199338._ഈ_ചരിത്രാംശത്തെ_അസ്ഥിപഞ്ജരമായുപയോഗിച്ചുകൊണ്ട്_കാല്പനികഭാവനയുടെ_സംഭാവനകളാൽ_മാംസളവും_കമനീയവുമാക്കിത്തീർത്ത_ഒരു_ശില്പമാണ്_''മാർത്താണ്ഡമർമ്മ''യ്ക്കുള്ളത്._[This_historical_aspect_is_used_as_a_skeleton_embodied_with_contributions_of_romantic_imagination_to_form_an_elegant_as_well_as_fleshy_structure_for_''Marthandavarma''.]-88">[78]</a> The novel presents the events during <a href="/wiki/Kollavarsham" class="mw-redirect" title="Kollavarsham">Kollavarsham</a> 901 to 906 (<a href="/wiki/Gregorian_Calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="Gregorian Calendar">Gregorian Calendar</a>: 1726–1731), pertaining to disputes over the throne of <a href="/wiki/Venad" class="mw-redirect" title="Venad">Venad</a> during 1729.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Si._Vi._Rāman_Piḷḷa''_by_Dr._Ayyappa_Paniker199338._1729–മാണ്ട്_അന്നത്തെ_വേണാടിന്റെ_ഭരണാവകാശത്തെ_ചുറ്റിപ്പറ്റിയുണ്ടായ_തർക്കങ്ങൾ_ആണ്_''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ''യിലെ_ചരിത്രപരമായ_അംശം._[In_the_year_1729,_the_disputes_around_the_right_to_rule_(heirship)_in_the_then_Venad_are_the_historical_aspects_of_''Marthandavarma''.]_89-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Si._Vi._Rāman_Piḷḷa''_by_Dr._Ayyappa_Paniker199338._1729–മാണ്ട്_അന്നത്തെ_വേണാടിന്റെ_ഭരണാവകാശത്തെ_ചുറ്റിപ്പറ്റിയുണ്ടായ_തർക്കങ്ങൾ_ആണ്_''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ''യിലെ_ചരിത്രപരമായ_അംശം._[In_the_year_1729,_the_disputes_around_the_right_to_rule_(heirship)_in_the_then_Venad_are_the_historical_aspects_of_''Marthandavarma''.]-89">[79]</a> According to <a href="/wiki/George_Irumbayam" title="George Irumbayam">George Irumbayam</a>, history is wrapped in <a href="/wiki/Chivalric_romance" title="Chivalric romance">romance</a>, and <a href="/wiki/K._M._Tharakan" title="K. M. Tharakan">K. M. Tharakan</a> echoes that point.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Ādyakāla_Malayāḷanōval''201075മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ–ഒരു_പഠനം_[''Marthandavarma''–A_Study]K._M._Tharakan200549ഭാഗം_രണ്ട്_[Part_Two]-90">[80]</a> The internal conflicts in this novel are presented through the character of Subhadra, while most of major conflicts in the novel are external.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEK._M._Tharakan200551ഭാഗം_രണ്ട്_[Part_Two]._നോവലിന്റെ_പ്രാണൻ_ആന്തരികവും_ബാഹ്യവുമായ_സംഘർഷമാണെന്ന_വീക്ഷണമാണ്_സി._വി._തന്റെ_കൃതികളിൽ_പ്രതിഫലിക്കുന്നത്._[C._V_reflects_in_his_works_that_the_soul_of_novel_is_perception_of_internal_and_external_conflicts.]_91-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEK._M._Tharakan200551ഭാഗം_രണ്ട്_[Part_Two]._നോവലിന്റെ_പ്രാണൻ_ആന്തരികവും_ബാഹ്യവുമായ_സംഘർഷമാണെന്ന_വീക്ഷണമാണ്_സി._വി._തന്റെ_കൃതികളിൽ_പ്രതിഫലിക്കുന്നത്._[C._V_reflects_in_his_works_that_the_soul_of_novel_is_perception_of_internal_and_external_conflicts.]-91">[81]</a> Kalpatta Balakrishnan notes that Anathapadmanabhan's heroic adventures combine <a href="/wiki/Chivalric_romance" title="Chivalric romance">romance</a> and history.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKalpatta_Balakrishnan200562–63സി._വി._രാമൻ_പിള്ള_[C._V._Raman_Pillai]-92">[82]</a> The novel promotes hero-worship and <a href="/wiki/Patriotism" title="Patriotism">patriotism</a> through <a href="/wiki/Romance_(love)" title="Romance (love)">romantic</a> affectation, a mode maintained until the end.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEK._M._Tharakan200551ഭാഗം_രണ്ട്_[Part_Two]._ഇത്_വീരാത്ഭുതരസങ്ങളെ_ഉണർത്തുന്നു,_വീരാരാധന_വളർത്തുന്നു;_ദേശപ്രേമത്തെ_ജ്വലിപ്പിക്കുന്നു._കൗമാരപ്രണയവികാരങ്ങളെ_തർപ്പണം_ചെയ്യുന്നു._ജിജ്ഞാസയെ_ഉദ്ദീപിപ്പിച്ചിട്ട്_അവസാനം_വരെ_കെടാതെ_സൂക്ഷിക്കുന്നു._[This_arouses_amusement_on_heroic_wonders,_develops_hero-worship,_ignites_patriotism._(This)_does_the_libation_of_teenage_romantic_emotions._The_curiosity_is_generated,_then_kept_until_the_end.]_93-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEK._M._Tharakan200551ഭാഗം_രണ്ട്_[Part_Two]._ഇത്_വീരാത്ഭുതരസങ്ങളെ_ഉണർത്തുന്നു,_വീരാരാധന_വളർത്തുന്നു;_ദേശപ്രേമത്തെ_ജ്വലിപ്പിക്കുന്നു._കൗമാരപ്രണയവികാരങ്ങളെ_തർപ്പണം_ചെയ്യുന്നു._ജിജ്ഞാസയെ_ഉദ്ദീപിപ്പിച്ചിട്ട്_അവസാനം_വരെ_കെടാതെ_സൂക്ഷിക്കുന്നു._[This_arouses_amusement_on_heroic_wonders,_develops_hero-worship,_ignites_patriotism._(This)_does_the_libation_of_teenage_romantic_emotions._The_curiosity_is_generated,_then_kept_until_the_end.]-93">[83]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Romance_and_romanticism">Romance and romanticism</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Marthandavarma_(novel)&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Romance and romanticism">edit</a>]</div> The <a href="/wiki/Realism_(arts)" title="Realism (arts)">realistic</a> aspects of the novel are presented through conversations, which in its inherence and vigor provide an individuality to the story.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEK._M._Tharakan200549ഭാഗം_രണ്ട്_[Part_Two]-94">[84]</a> <a href="/wiki/George_Irumbayam" title="George Irumbayam">George Irumbayam</a> is of the view that the <a href="/wiki/Chivalric_romance" title="Chivalric romance">romantic</a> elements in the novel are intertwined with the realistic legibility of historical elements.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Malayāḷanōval_Pattompatāṁ_Nūṯāṇṭil''199799ചരിത്രനോവൽ–മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മയും_അക്ബറും-95">[85]</a> The honest behavior of Mangoikkal Kuruppu to the prince, the anxious preparations of Karthyayani Amma to receive Padmanabhan Thambi, short-tempered reactions of Shanku Assan represent realistic aspects in the novel.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Ādyakāla_Malayāḷanōval''201076–77മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ–ഒരു_പഠനം_[''Marthandavarma''–A_Study]._കാർത്ത്യായനിയമ്മ,_ശങ്കു_ആശാൻ,_മാങ്കോയിക്കൽ_കുറുപ്പ്_എന്നിവരുടെ_പെരുമാറ്റവും_സംഭാഷണവും_മറ്റും_യഥാതഥമായ_നോവലിലേതുതന്നെയാണ്._[The_behavior,_dialogs,_and_others_of_Karthyayani_Amma,_Shanku_Assan,_and_Mangoikkal_Kuruppu_are_as_that_in_a_realistic_novel.]_എന്നാൽ_മാങ്കോയിക്കൽ_കുറുപ്പെന്ന_നാടൻ_കൃഷീവലന്റെ_യുവരാജാവിനോടുള്ള_നിഷ്കപടമായ_പെരുമാറ്റം,_തമ്പിയെ_സ്വീകരിക്കാനുള്ള_കാർത്ത്യായനിയമ്മയുടെ_തിരക്കുകളും_ഒരുക്കുകൂട്ടലും,_ശങ്കു_ആശാന്റെ_എടുത്തുചാട്ടവും_ശുണ്ഠിയും,_തുടങ്ങിയവയിലെല്ലാം_യഥാതഥമായ_ജീവിതചിത്രങ്ങൾ_തന്നെയാണു_കാണുക._[But_in_the,_sincere_behavior_of_provincial_farmer,_Mangoikkal_Kuruppu_to_the_prince,_Karthyayani_Amma's_haste_and_preparations_to_receive_Thambi,_recklessness_and_short-temper_of_Shanku_Assan,_and_in_those_follows,_the_realistic_pictures_of_life_are_seen.]_96-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Ādyakāla_Malayāḷanōval''201076–77മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ–ഒരു_പഠനം_[''Marthandavarma''–A_Study]._കാർത്ത്യായനിയമ്മ,_ശങ്കു_ആശാൻ,_മാങ്കോയിക്കൽ_കുറുപ്പ്_എന്നിവരുടെ_പെരുമാറ്റവും_സംഭാഷണവും_മറ്റും_യഥാതഥമായ_നോവലിലേതുതന്നെയാണ്._[The_behavior,_dialogs,_and_others_of_Karthyayani_Amma,_Shanku_Assan,_and_Mangoikkal_Kuruppu_are_as_that_in_a_realistic_novel.]_എന്നാൽ_മാങ്കോയിക്കൽ_കുറുപ്പെന്ന_നാടൻ_കൃഷീവലന്റെ_യുവരാജാവിനോടുള്ള_നിഷ്കപടമായ_പെരുമാറ്റം,_തമ്പിയെ_സ്വീകരിക്കാനുള്ള_കാർത്ത്യായനിയമ്മയുടെ_തിരക്കുകളും_ഒരുക്കുകൂട്ടലും,_ശങ്കു_ആശാന്റെ_എടുത്തുചാട്ടവും_ശുണ്ഠിയും,_തുടങ്ങിയവയിലെല്ലാം_യഥാതഥമായ_ജീവിതചിത്രങ്ങൾ_തന്നെയാണു_കാണുക._[But_in_the,_sincere_behavior_of_provincial_farmer,_Mangoikkal_Kuruppu_to_the_prince,_Karthyayani_Amma's_haste_and_preparations_to_receive_Thambi,_recklessness_and_short-temper_of_Shanku_Assan,_and_in_those_follows,_the_realistic_pictures_of_life_are_seen.]-96">[86]</a> N. Balakrishnan Nair states that the novel is a love story built around a serious period in the history of <a href="/wiki/Travancore" title="Travancore">Travancore</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEN._Balakrishnan_Nair195189രണ്ടു_കാര്യങ്ങൾ_[Two_affairs]-97">[87]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Romance_(love)" title="Romance (love)">romance</a> of Ananthapadmanabhan and Parukutty is presented as a supporting aspect to <a href="/wiki/Heroism" class="mw-redirect" title="Heroism">heroism</a> in the novel.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Rasāviṣkaraṇaṁ_Si.Vi.Nōvalukaḷil''201356-98">[88]</a> The romance between Ananthapadmanabhan and Parukutty gives a soul and emotional angle to the historical and political themes of the novel.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Si._Vi._Rāman_Piḷḷa''_by_Dr._Ayyappa_Paniker199338...പാറുക്കുട്ടിയും_തിരുമുഖത്തുപിള്ളയുടെ_മകനും_ഇളയ_രാജാവിന്റെ_വാത്സല്യഭാജനവും_ആശ്രിതനുമായ_അനന്തപത്മനാഭനും_തമ്മിലുള്ള_പ്രണയത്തിന്റെ_കഥ_ചരിത്രപരവും_രാഷ്ട്രീയവുമായ_കഥാവസ്തുവിന്_പുതു_ജീവൻ_നൽകുന്നു._[The_story_of_romance_between_Parukutty_and_Anandapadmanabhan,_who_is_the_son_of_Thirumukhathu_Pilla,_also_the_dearest_of_prince,_provides_new_life_to_the_plot_which_is_historical_as_well_as_politics_itself.]_99-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Si._Vi._Rāman_Piḷḷa''_by_Dr._Ayyappa_Paniker199338...പാറുക്കുട്ടിയും_തിരുമുഖത്തുപിള്ളയുടെ_മകനും_ഇളയ_രാജാവിന്റെ_വാത്സല്യഭാജനവും_ആശ്രിതനുമായ_അനന്തപത്മനാഭനും_തമ്മിലുള്ള_പ്രണയത്തിന്റെ_കഥ_ചരിത്രപരവും_രാഷ്ട്രീയവുമായ_കഥാവസ്തുവിന്_പുതു_ജീവൻ_നൽകുന്നു._[The_story_of_romance_between_Parukutty_and_Anandapadmanabhan,_who_is_the_son_of_Thirumukhathu_Pilla,_also_the_dearest_of_prince,_provides_new_life_to_the_plot_which_is_historical_as_well_as_politics_itself.]-99">[89]</a> The historical plot about power struggle between Marthanda Varma and rebels is presented as rich and active through the love story of Ananthapadmanbhan and Parukutty.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Ādyakāla_Malayāḷanōval''201073മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ–ഒരു_പഠനം_[''Marthandavarma''–A_Study]-100">[90]</a> The emotional factor of the novel is further emphasized with another plot of romance involving Ananthapadmanabhan with the <a href="/wiki/Unrequited_love" title="Unrequited love">unrequited love</a> of Zulaikha, thereby making the love story a <a href="/wiki/Love_triangle" title="Love triangle">love triangle</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Si._Vi._Rāman_Piḷḷa''_by_Dr._Ayyappa_Paniker199338നോവലിലെ_വൈകാരിക_ഘടകത്തിന്_ഊന്നൽ_നൽകുന്ന_മറ്റൊരു_കഥാതന്തുവും_ഒരു_ത്രികോണ_പ്രണയരൂപത്തിൽ_നോവലിൽ_സന്നിവേശിപ്പിച്ചിട്ടുണ്ട്._[In_the_novel,_another_story-line_is_comprised_in_the_form_of_a_love_triangle_to_support_the_emotional_factor_of_the_novel.]_101-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Si._Vi._Rāman_Piḷḷa''_by_Dr._Ayyappa_Paniker199338നോവലിലെ_വൈകാരിക_ഘടകത്തിന്_ഊന്നൽ_നൽകുന്ന_മറ്റൊരു_കഥാതന്തുവും_ഒരു_ത്രികോണ_പ്രണയരൂപത്തിൽ_നോവലിൽ_സന്നിവേശിപ്പിച്ചിട്ടുണ്ട്._[In_the_novel,_another_story-line_is_comprised_in_the_form_of_a_love_triangle_to_support_the_emotional_factor_of_the_novel.]-101">[91]</a> The story of Subhadra is also considered as a tragic love story, which strengthens the romantic aspects of the novel.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Si._Vi._Rāman_Piḷḷa''_by_Dr._Ayyappa_Paniker199338മറ്റൊരു_ദുരന്തപ്രണയകഥയും_കൂടി_ഈ_നോവലിലെ_കല്പിതാംശത്തിന്_ശക്തി_പകർന്നുകൊണ്ട്_സി._വി._അവതരിപ്പിക്കുന്നുണ്ട്._[C._V._also_presents_another_tragic_love_story_to_strengthen_the_deemed_aspect_of_this_novel.]_102-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Si._Vi._Rāman_Piḷḷa''_by_Dr._Ayyappa_Paniker199338മറ്റൊരു_ദുരന്തപ്രണയകഥയും_കൂടി_ഈ_നോവലിലെ_കല്പിതാംശത്തിന്_ശക്തി_പകർന്നുകൊണ്ട്_സി._വി._അവതരിപ്പിക്കുന്നുണ്ട്._[C._V._also_presents_another_tragic_love_story_to_strengthen_the_deemed_aspect_of_this_novel.]-102">[92]</a> The love failures of Subhadra and Zulaikha aid in creating a favorable surrounding for the romantic aspects of the novel.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Rasāviṣkaraṇaṁ_Si.Vi.Nōvalukaḷil''201356സുലൈഖയുടെയും_സുഭദ്രയുടെയും_വിപ്രലംഭദുഃഖങ്ങൾ...[The_sadness_of_Zulaikha_and_Subhadra_due_to_love_failures...]-103">[93]</a> D. Benjamin remarks that the very first instance of romantic love in Malayalam literature is in this novel.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBenjamin201025''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ'':_ഒരു_പുനഃപരിശോധന_[''Marthandavarma'':_A_Re-examination]-104">[94]</a> The longing of Parukutty for the return of her lover, Zulaikha's love failure are seen as reminiscences of <a href="/wiki/Romanticism" title="Romanticism">romantic</a> love, and latter is considered as foremost romantic heroine of Malayalam literature in romanticism.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBenjamin201025''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ'':_ഒരു_പുനഃപരിശോധന_[''Marthandavarma'':_A_Re-examination]._പ്രതീക്ഷകൾക്കെതിരായ_പ്രതീക്ഷയോടെ_കാത്തിരിക്കുന്ന_പാറുക്കുട്ടി..._...സുലൈഖ_'നളിനി'ക്കും_'ലീല'ക്കും_മുമ്പേ_മലയാളം_കണ്ട_കാല്പനികപ്രണയനായികയത്രേ.[...hopeful_awaiting_of_Parukutty_against_expectations..._...Zulaikha_is_the_romantic_lover_seen_in_Malayalam_before_'Naḷiṉi'_and_'Līla'.]_105-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBenjamin201025''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ'':_ഒരു_പുനഃപരിശോധന_[''Marthandavarma'':_A_Re-examination]._പ്രതീക്ഷകൾക്കെതിരായ_പ്രതീക്ഷയോടെ_കാത്തിരിക്കുന്ന_പാറുക്കുട്ടി..._...സുലൈഖ_'നളിനി'ക്കും_'ലീല'ക്കും_മുമ്പേ_മലയാളം_കണ്ട_കാല്പനികപ്രണയനായികയത്രേ.[...hopeful_awaiting_of_Parukutty_against_expectations..._...Zulaikha_is_the_romantic_lover_seen_in_Malayalam_before_'Naḷiṉi'_and_'Līla'.]-105">[95]</a> The romantic aspects similar to that in <a href="/wiki/Prometheus_Unbound_(Shelley)" title="Prometheus Unbound (Shelley)">Prometheus Unbound</a> and in the apocalyptic poetry of <a href="/wiki/William_Blake" title="William Blake">William Blake</a> are identified in the personality of Subhadra, with which the character conveys a conflict-oriented complexity of multi-colored romanticism.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBenjamin201026''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ'':_ഒരു_പുനഃപരിശോധന_[''Marthandavarma'':_A_Re-examination]._''പ്രൊമെത്യൂസ്_അൺബൗണ്ടി''ലെ_'മെഡൂസ'യും_ബ്ലേക്കിന്റെ_അപ്പോക്കാലിപ്റ്റിക്_കവിതകളിലെ_ബിംബകല്പനകളും_സൃഷ്ടിക്കുന്ന_അപസാമാന്യമായ_കാല്പനികാനുഭവത്തിന്റെ_ഒരംശം_സുഭദ്രയുടെ_വ്യക്തിത്വത്തിൽ_ലയിച്ചിരിക്കുന്നു._[An_aspect_of_the_unusual_feel_of_romanticism_create_by_'Medusa'_of_''Prometheus_Unbound''_and_by_imaginations_of_images_in_the_poetry_of_Blake_is_blended_in_the_personality_of_Subhadra.]_...കാല്പനികമായ_ഭാവശബളത_നിറഞ്ഞ_ഒരു_സങ്കീർണ്ണചിത്രമാണ്_സുഭദ്രയുടേത്._ഈ_വൈരുദ്ധ്യവിശിഷ്ടമായ_സങ്കീർണ്ണതയ്കക്ക്_വല്ലാത്തൊരാകർഷകത്വമുണ്ട്._[...Subhadra's_is_a_complex_picture,_which_is_romantically_multicolored._This_conflict-oriented_complexity_has_an_unbearable_attraction.]_106-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBenjamin201026''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ'':_ഒരു_പുനഃപരിശോധന_[''Marthandavarma'':_A_Re-examination]._''പ്രൊമെത്യൂസ്_അൺബൗണ്ടി''ലെ_'മെഡൂസ'യും_ബ്ലേക്കിന്റെ_അപ്പോക്കാലിപ്റ്റിക്_കവിതകളിലെ_ബിംബകല്പനകളും_സൃഷ്ടിക്കുന്ന_അപസാമാന്യമായ_കാല്പനികാനുഭവത്തിന്റെ_ഒരംശം_സുഭദ്രയുടെ_വ്യക്തിത്വത്തിൽ_ലയിച്ചിരിക്കുന്നു._[An_aspect_of_the_unusual_feel_of_romanticism_create_by_'Medusa'_of_''Prometheus_Unbound''_and_by_imaginations_of_images_in_the_poetry_of_Blake_is_blended_in_the_personality_of_Subhadra.]_...കാല്പനികമായ_ഭാവശബളത_നിറഞ്ഞ_ഒരു_സങ്കീർണ്ണചിത്രമാണ്_സുഭദ്രയുടേത്._ഈ_വൈരുദ്ധ്യവിശിഷ്ടമായ_സങ്കീർണ്ണതയ്കക്ക്_വല്ലാത്തൊരാകർഷകത്വമുണ്ട്._[...Subhadra's_is_a_complex_picture,_which_is_romantically_multicolored._This_conflict-oriented_complexity_has_an_unbearable_attraction.]-106">[96]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Politics">Politics</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Marthandavarma_(novel)&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Politics">edit</a>]</div> The author's political interests are shown in allegorical form.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEA._M._Vasudevan_Pillai199143സി._വി._രാമൻപിള്ളയുടെ_രാഷ്ട്രീയ_നോവലുകൾ_[Political_novels_of_C._V._Raman_Pillai]-107">[97]</a> The novel presents the conspiracies, power struggle, internal agitations in the political history of Travancore, and history provided the basic conflict and a suitable period.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Dēśacaritraṁ_Si.Vi.yuṭe_Nōvalukaḷil''201336Benjamin201018''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ'':_ഒരു_പുനഃപരിശോധന_[''Marthandavarma'':_A_Re-examination]-108">[98]</a> Novelist incorporated political and social undercurrents of Venad in the novel, which discusses a conflict between the ruler and the ruled.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Si._Vi._Rāman_Piḷḷa''_by_Dr._Ayyappa_Paniker199339..._രാഷ്ട്രീയവും_സാമൂഹികവുമായ_അന്തർധാരകൾ..._[...political_and_social_undercurrents...]_രാഷ്ട്രീയപരമായി_നോക്കിയാൽ_''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ''യിലെ_പ്രശ്നം_അധികാരത്തിന്റെ,_രാജാ—പ്രജാ_ബന്ധത്തിന്റെ_പ്രശ്നം_തന്നെയാണ്._[If_perceived_politically,_the_issue_in_''Marthandavarma''_is_power,_rather_the_issue_is_conflict_between_the_ruler_and_the_ruled.]_109-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Si._Vi._Rāman_Piḷḷa''_by_Dr._Ayyappa_Paniker199339..._രാഷ്ട്രീയവും_സാമൂഹികവുമായ_അന്തർധാരകൾ..._[...political_and_social_undercurrents...]_രാഷ്ട്രീയപരമായി_നോക്കിയാൽ_''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ''യിലെ_പ്രശ്നം_അധികാരത്തിന്റെ,_രാജാ—പ്രജാ_ബന്ധത്തിന്റെ_പ്രശ്നം_തന്നെയാണ്._[If_perceived_politically,_the_issue_in_''Marthandavarma''_is_power,_rather_the_issue_is_conflict_between_the_ruler_and_the_ruled.]-109">[99]</a> The social relevance lies in its questioning of the collateral rule of succession (<a href="/wiki/Marumakkathayam" title="Marumakkathayam">Marumakkathayam</a>) followed in Venad, with the failed agitation of <a href="/wiki/Nair" title="Nair">Nair</a>-<a href="/wiki/Thampi" class="mw-redirect" title="Thampi">Thambi</a> clans to acquire power from <a href="/wiki/Nair" title="Nair">Varmas</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBenjamin201019''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ'':_ഒരു_പുനഃപരിശോധന_[''Marthandavarma'':_A_Re-examination]._ഈ_രാഷ്ട്രീയസംഘർഷത്തിനു_സാമൂഹികമായ_ഒരു_മാനം_കൂടിയുണ്ട്._[This_political_conflict_has_a_social_space_too.]''Dēśacaritraṁ_Si.Vi.yuṭe_Nōvalukaḷil''201340_110-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBenjamin201019''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ'':_ഒരു_പുനഃപരിശോധന_[''Marthandavarma'':_A_Re-examination]._ഈ_രാഷ്ട്രീയസംഘർഷത്തിനു_സാമൂഹികമായ_ഒരു_മാനം_കൂടിയുണ്ട്._[This_political_conflict_has_a_social_space_too.]''Dēśacaritraṁ_Si.Vi.yuṭe_Nōvalukaḷil''201340-110">[100]</a> In a way, the basic theme of novel is the eruption of revolt against the collateral succession through maternal nephews, and the subsequent suppression of the revolt.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Dēśacaritraṁ_Si.Vi.yuṭe_Nōvalukaḷil''201340മരുമക്കത്തായത്തിനെതിരെ_കലാപം_പൊട്ടിപ്പുറപ്പെടുന്നതും_അതടിച്ചമർത്തുന്നതുമാണ്_ഒരർത്ഥത്തിൽ_''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ''യുടെ_അടിസ്ഥാനപ്രമേയം._[The_eruption_of_revolt_against_the_collateral_succession_through_maternal_nephews,_and_the_suppression_of_that_(revolt)_is_the_basic_theme_of_''Marthandavarma''.]_111-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Dēśacaritraṁ_Si.Vi.yuṭe_Nōvalukaḷil''201340മരുമക്കത്തായത്തിനെതിരെ_കലാപം_പൊട്ടിപ്പുറപ്പെടുന്നതും_അതടിച്ചമർത്തുന്നതുമാണ്_ഒരർത്ഥത്തിൽ_''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ''യുടെ_അടിസ്ഥാനപ്രമേയം._[The_eruption_of_revolt_against_the_collateral_succession_through_maternal_nephews,_and_the_suppression_of_that_(revolt)_is_the_basic_theme_of_''Marthandavarma''.]-111">[101]</a> Kalpatta Balakrishnan notes that the major theme of the novel is power struggle between the royal head and the kingship seekers, and not a conflict between the ruled and the ruler.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKalpatta_Balakrishnan200560–61സി._വി._രാമൻ_പിള്ള_[C._V._Raman_Pillai]-112">[102]</a> The relevance of historical context is that, it is about the contest to acquire political power, and the political significance is that it is about forceful acquisition of royal power, and so novel is previewed as a political novel.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Dēśacaritraṁ_Si.Vi.yuṭe_Nōvalukaḷil''201340._...രാജാധികാരം_സ്ഥാപിക്കുകയാണ്_മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ_രാജാവ്_ചെയ്തത്._ആദ്യനോവലിന്റെ_രാഷ്ട്രീയമായ_അർത്ഥമാനം_ഈ_അധികാരത്തിന്റെ_ബലാത്കാരമായ_പിടിച്ചെടുക്കലാണ്._[...Marthanda_Varma_did_the_establishment_of_royal_power._The_political_significance_of_first_novel_is_the_forceful_acquisition_of_this_power.]Benjamin201018–19''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ'':_ഒരു_പുനഃപരിശോധന_[''Marthandavarma'':_A_Re-examination]._''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ''യിൽ_സൂചിതമാകുന്ന_ചരിത്രസന്ധിയുടെ_പ്രസക്തി_അത്_രാഷ്ട്രീയാധികാരം_പിടിച്ചെടുക്കാനുള്ള_മൽസരത്തിന്റേതാണെന്നാണ്._ഇതിവൃത്തശില്പത്തിന്റെ_മുഖ്യസൂത്രംതന്നെ_ഈ_അധികാരവടംവലിയും_അതിന്റെ_പരിണാമവുമാണല്ലോ._[The_relevance_of_historical_juncture_indicated_in_''Marthandavarma''_is_that_it_is_about_the_contest_to_acquire_political_power._The_main_idea_of_plot_structure_is_this_power_struggle_and_its_conclusion.]_''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ'':_ഒരു_പുനഃപരിശോധന_[''Marthandavarma'':_A_Re-examination]_113-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Dēśacaritraṁ_Si.Vi.yuṭe_Nōvalukaḷil''201340._...രാജാധികാരം_സ്ഥാപിക്കുകയാണ്_മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ_രാജാവ്_ചെയ്തത്._ആദ്യനോവലിന്റെ_രാഷ്ട്രീയമായ_അർത്ഥമാനം_ഈ_അധികാരത്തിന്റെ_ബലാത്കാരമായ_പിടിച്ചെടുക്കലാണ്._[...Marthanda_Varma_did_the_establishment_of_royal_power._The_political_significance_of_first_novel_is_the_forceful_acquisition_of_this_power.]Benjamin201018–19''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ'':_ഒരു_പുനഃപരിശോധന_[''Marthandavarma'':_A_Re-examination]._''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ''യിൽ_സൂചിതമാകുന്ന_ചരിത്രസന്ധിയുടെ_പ്രസക്തി_അത്_രാഷ്ട്രീയാധികാരം_പിടിച്ചെടുക്കാനുള്ള_മൽസരത്തിന്റേതാണെന്നാണ്._ഇതിവൃത്തശില്പത്തിന്റെ_മുഖ്യസൂത്രംതന്നെ_ഈ_അധികാരവടംവലിയും_അതിന്റെ_പരിണാമവുമാണല്ലോ._[The_relevance_of_historical_juncture_indicated_in_''Marthandavarma''_is_that_it_is_about_the_contest_to_acquire_political_power._The_main_idea_of_plot_structure_is_this_power_struggle_and_its_conclusion.]_''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ'':_ഒരു_പുനഃപരിശോധന_[''Marthandavarma'':_A_Re-examination]-113">[103]</a> The freedom of thought that links the ruled ones to the power is presented through Mangoikkal Kuruppu's impeccable criticism of kingship.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKalpatta_Balakrishnan200561സി._വി._രാമൻ_പിള്ള_[C._V._Raman_Pillai]._ഈ_സ്വാന്ത്ര്യബുദ്ധി,_ഒരു_ഗ്രാമീണകർഷകന്റെ_നിഷ്കളങ്കമായ_രാജത്വവിമർശനമായി_മാങ്കോയിക്കൽ_കുറുപ്പിലൂടെയും..._[This_freedom_of_thought_through_Mangoikkal_Kuruppu's_honest_criticism_of_kingship...]_114-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKalpatta_Balakrishnan200561സി._വി._രാമൻ_പിള്ള_[C._V._Raman_Pillai]._ഈ_സ്വാന്ത്ര്യബുദ്ധി,_ഒരു_ഗ്രാമീണകർഷകന്റെ_നിഷ്കളങ്കമായ_രാജത്വവിമർശനമായി_മാങ്കോയിക്കൽ_കുറുപ്പിലൂടെയും..._[This_freedom_of_thought_through_Mangoikkal_Kuruppu's_honest_criticism_of_kingship...]-114">[104]</a> In the high-paced narrative, the character of Subhadra creates the lot of responses, as she is the only political character in the novel, even though the character Marthanda Varma represents royal lineage, royal power and royal justice, where as Thambies and Pillas are the riotous group who try to topple the traditional rule of succession in the kingdom.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKalpatta_Balakrishnan200561സി._വി._രാമൻ_പിള്ള_[C._V._Raman_Pillai]._''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ''യിലെ_ക്രിയാചടുലതയിൽ_ഏറ്റവും_കൂടുതൽ_പ്രതികരണം_സൃഷ്ടിക്കുന്ന_കഥാപാത്രം_സുഭദ്രയായത്..._[...that_Subhadra_became_the_character_that_creates_maximum_responses_within_the_speed_of_events_in_''Marthandavarma''.]_''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ''യിലെ_ഏക_രാഷ്ട്രീയകഥാപാത്രം_സുഭദ്രയാണ്._[Subhadra_is_the_only_political_character_in_''Marthandavarma''.]''Rājanītiyuṁ_Prajādhaṟmmavuṁ''201320_115-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKalpatta_Balakrishnan200561സി._വി._രാമൻ_പിള്ള_[C._V._Raman_Pillai]._''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ''യിലെ_ക്രിയാചടുലതയിൽ_ഏറ്റവും_കൂടുതൽ_പ്രതികരണം_സൃഷ്ടിക്കുന്ന_കഥാപാത്രം_സുഭദ്രയായത്..._[...that_Subhadra_became_the_character_that_creates_maximum_responses_within_the_speed_of_events_in_''Marthandavarma''.]_''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ''യിലെ_ഏക_രാഷ്ട്രീയകഥാപാത്രം_സുഭദ്രയാണ്._[Subhadra_is_the_only_political_character_in_''Marthandavarma''.]''Rājanītiyuṁ_Prajādhaṟmmavuṁ''201320-115">[105]</a> Subhadra represents the <a href="/wiki/Patriotic" class="mw-redirect" title="Patriotic">patriotic</a> code of conduct, with which she heads to defeat the attempts of rebel groups, and eventually sacrifices her life.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Rājanītiyuṁ_Prajādhaṟmmavuṁ''2013p.20-116">[106]</a> The open claim for the throne and the subsequent agitations lead the course of actions in the novel; which in result is to topple the rule of succession of the kingdom.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Caritrākhyāyikakaḷkk_Orāmukhaṁ''200925-117">[107]</a> This no-compromise fight for the throne makes the novel rather a political history of power struggle in <a href="/wiki/Venad" class="mw-redirect" title="Venad">Venad</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Caritrākhyāyikakaḷkk_Orāmukhaṁ''200926-118">[108]</a> Novelist raises the royal position through the novel, not the personality of the royal head because the history in novel is the historical awareness constituted by the author.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Śatābdi_Praśasti''200913''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ''_പ്രതിനിധാനം_ചെയ്യുന്ന_രാജസ്ഥാനത്തെയാണ്,_രാജാവായ_വ്യക്തിയെയല്ല_സി._വി._ഉയർത്തിക്കാട്ടുന്നത്._[C._V._raises_the_royal_position_in_''Marthandavarma''_not_the_royal_head.]''Si._Vi._Rāman_Piḷḷa''_by_Dr._Ayyappa_Paniker199339''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ''യിലെ_ചരിത്രം_നോവലിസ്റ്റ്_സംഘടിപ്പിച്ചെടുത്ത_ചരിത്രാവബോധമാണ്._[History_in_''Marthandavarma''_is_historical_awareness_constituted_by_the_novelist.]_119-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Śatābdi_Praśasti''200913''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ''_പ്രതിനിധാനം_ചെയ്യുന്ന_രാജസ്ഥാനത്തെയാണ്,_രാജാവായ_വ്യക്തിയെയല്ല_സി._വി._ഉയർത്തിക്കാട്ടുന്നത്._[C._V._raises_the_royal_position_in_''Marthandavarma''_not_the_royal_head.]''Si._Vi._Rāman_Piḷḷa''_by_Dr._Ayyappa_Paniker199339''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ''യിലെ_ചരിത്രം_നോവലിസ്റ്റ്_സംഘടിപ്പിച്ചെടുത്ത_ചരിത്രാവബോധമാണ്._[History_in_''Marthandavarma''_is_historical_awareness_constituted_by_the_novelist.]-119">[109]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Conflicts">Conflicts</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Marthandavarma_(novel)&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Conflicts">edit</a>]</div> When the historical background is kept apart, the novel represents dramatic feud between the <a href="/wiki/Good_and_bad" class="mw-redirect" title="Good and bad">good and bad</a>, and concludes to the complete failure of sin and partial success of goodness in the end.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Si._Vi._Rāman_Piḷḷa''_by_Dr._Ayyappa_Paniker199339ചരിത്രപശ്ചാത്തലം_മാറ്റിനിർത്തി_നോക്കുകയാണെങ്കിൽ_നന്മതിന്മകൾ_തമ്മിലുള്ള_സംഘർഷത്തിന്റെ_നാടകീയാവതരണമാണ്_''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ''യിൽ_കാണാവുന്നത്._[Dramatic_presentation_of_feud_between_the_good_and_bad_is_seen_in_''Marthandavarma'',_when_the_historical_background_is_kept_apart.]_...ദുരന്തനാടകങ്ങളിലെന്നപോലെ_തിന്മയുടെ_ആത്യന്തികപരാജയവും_നന്മയുടെ_ഭാഗികവിജയവും_ആണ്._[...complete_failure_of_sin_and_partial_win_of_goodness_as_in_tragedy_plays.]_120-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Si._Vi._Rāman_Piḷḷa''_by_Dr._Ayyappa_Paniker199339ചരിത്രപശ്ചാത്തലം_മാറ്റിനിർത്തി_നോക്കുകയാണെങ്കിൽ_നന്മതിന്മകൾ_തമ്മിലുള്ള_സംഘർഷത്തിന്റെ_നാടകീയാവതരണമാണ്_''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ''യിൽ_കാണാവുന്നത്._[Dramatic_presentation_of_feud_between_the_good_and_bad_is_seen_in_''Marthandavarma'',_when_the_historical_background_is_kept_apart.]_...ദുരന്തനാടകങ്ങളിലെന്നപോലെ_തിന്മയുടെ_ആത്യന്തികപരാജയവും_നന്മയുടെ_ഭാഗികവിജയവും_ആണ്._[...complete_failure_of_sin_and_partial_win_of_goodness_as_in_tragedy_plays.]-120">[110]</a> The novel presents the fight between respectable and despicable characters as that in <a href="/wiki/Hindu_mythological_wars#The_Devas_and_Asuras" title="Hindu mythological wars">devasura conflict</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEK._M._Tharakan200551ഭാഗം_രണ്ട്_[Part_Two]._ദേവാസുരന്മാരെന്നപോലെ_ഉത്തമന്മാരും_അധമന്മാരുമായ_കഥാപാത്രങ്ങൾ_രണ്ടു_ചേരിയിലായി_നില്ക്കുന്നു._സംഘട്ടനവും_ആരംഭിക്കുന്നു._[Respectable_and_despicable_characters_stands_on_two_sides_like_devas_and_asuras._The_fight_also_begin.]_121-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEK._M._Tharakan200551ഭാഗം_രണ്ട്_[Part_Two]._ദേവാസുരന്മാരെന്നപോലെ_ഉത്തമന്മാരും_അധമന്മാരുമായ_കഥാപാത്രങ്ങൾ_രണ്ടു_ചേരിയിലായി_നില്ക്കുന്നു._സംഘട്ടനവും_ആരംഭിക്കുന്നു._[Respectable_and_despicable_characters_stands_on_two_sides_like_devas_and_asuras._The_fight_also_begin.]-121">[111]</a> According to K. M. Tharakan, though novelist tries to preach global philosophy about the final victory of goodness through various conflicts in the plot, serious effort is not taken to unveil the human mindset; however, M. P. Paul mentions that author depicts peculiar skill in presenting minute emotions of human mind, in the novel.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEK._M._Tharakan200551ഭാഗം_രണ്ട്_[Part_Two]._ഈ_യുദ്ധത്തിലും_ജയിക്കുന്നത്_ദേവന്മാർ_തന്നെ._ക്രിയാപ്രധാനമായ_''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ''യിൽ_ലോകതത്ത്വോപദേശത്തിനു_സി._വി._അവിടവിടെ_മുതിരുന്നുവെങ്കിലും_മാനവചിത്തവൃത്തികളെ_അനാവരണം_ചെയ്യാൻ_ഗൗരവപൂർവ്വം_പരിശ്രമിക്കുന്നില്ല._[Devas_win_this_fight._Though_C._V._attempts_to_preach_global_philosophy_in_the_action_oriented_''Marthandavarma'',_serious_effort_is_not_taken_to_unveil_human_mindset.]''Nōvalsāhityaṁ''1991141ഭാഷാനോവൽ–സി._വി._രാമൻപിള്ള_[Novel_in_Language_–_C._V._Raman_Pilla]_122-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEK._M._Tharakan200551ഭാഗം_രണ്ട്_[Part_Two]._ഈ_യുദ്ധത്തിലും_ജയിക്കുന്നത്_ദേവന്മാർ_തന്നെ._ക്രിയാപ്രധാനമായ_''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ''യിൽ_ലോകതത്ത്വോപദേശത്തിനു_സി._വി._അവിടവിടെ_മുതിരുന്നുവെങ്കിലും_മാനവചിത്തവൃത്തികളെ_അനാവരണം_ചെയ്യാൻ_ഗൗരവപൂർവ്വം_പരിശ്രമിക്കുന്നില്ല._[Devas_win_this_fight._Though_C._V._attempts_to_preach_global_philosophy_in_the_action_oriented_''Marthandavarma'',_serious_effort_is_not_taken_to_unveil_human_mindset.]''Nōvalsāhityaṁ''1991141ഭാഷാനോവൽ–സി._വി._രാമൻപിള്ള_[Novel_in_Language_–_C._V._Raman_Pilla]-122">[112]</a> Even though, the motif of the novel is <a href="/wiki/Politics" title="Politics">politics</a>, the curiosity generated in the novel is through exceptional presentation of interpersonal issues.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBenjamin201019–20''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ'':_ഒരു_പുനഃപരിശോധന_[''Marthandavarma'':_A_Re-examination]._...ഈ_നോവലിന്റെ_മോട്ടിഫ്_രാഷ്ട്രീയമാണെന്നാണ്..._[...is_that_novel's_motif_is_politics...]_...രാഷ്ട്രീയ_സംഭവഗതികളല്ല._സവിശേഷമായ_വ്യക്തിബന്ധങ്ങളിൽനിന്നുയിർക്കൊള്ളുന്ന_സമസ്യകളാണ്._[...not_the_course_of_political_events._From_the_problems_that_get_life_from_especial_personal_relations_(of_characters).]_123-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBenjamin201019–20''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ'':_ഒരു_പുനഃപരിശോധന_[''Marthandavarma'':_A_Re-examination]._...ഈ_നോവലിന്റെ_മോട്ടിഫ്_രാഷ്ട്രീയമാണെന്നാണ്..._[...is_that_novel's_motif_is_politics...]_...രാഷ്ട്രീയ_സംഭവഗതികളല്ല._സവിശേഷമായ_വ്യക്തിബന്ധങ്ങളിൽനിന്നുയിർക്കൊള്ളുന്ന_സമസ്യകളാണ്._[...not_the_course_of_political_events._From_the_problems_that_get_life_from_especial_personal_relations_(of_characters).]-123">[113]</a> The novel successfully comprises history of the state, interpersonal relationships, and social issues in the outset of imagination.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Si._Vi._Rāman_Piḷḷa''_by_Dr._Ayyappa_Paniker199342–43മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ_[Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma]-124">[114]</a> The character of Subhadra adds the investigative mood to the plot, though she is considered as the foremost representation of <a href="/wiki/Tragedy" title="Tragedy">tragedy</a> in C. V. Raman Pillai's writings.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKalpatta_Balakrishnan200562സി._വി._രാമൻ_പിള്ള_[C._V._Raman_Pillai]._...ഒരു_ഡിറ്റക്ടീവ്_കഥാപാത്രത്തിൽനിന്ന്_സുഭദ്രയ്ക്കുള്ള_അന്വേഷണത്വരയുടെ_പ്രസക്തി..._[...the_investigative_intention_of_Subhadra_despite_being_a_detective_character...]Benjamin201030ദുരന്തബോധം_സി._വി._സാഹിത്യത്തിൽ_[Tragic_consciousness_in_C._V._literature]_125-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKalpatta_Balakrishnan200562സി._വി._രാമൻ_പിള്ള_[C._V._Raman_Pillai]._...ഒരു_ഡിറ്റക്ടീവ്_കഥാപാത്രത്തിൽനിന്ന്_സുഭദ്രയ്ക്കുള്ള_അന്വേഷണത്വരയുടെ_പ്രസക്തി..._[...the_investigative_intention_of_Subhadra_despite_being_a_detective_character...]Benjamin201030ദുരന്തബോധം_സി._വി._സാഹിത്യത്തിൽ_[Tragic_consciousness_in_C._V._literature]-125">[115]</a> The amusement-thread of the novel is led by her secretive investigations similar to that of <a href="/wiki/Sherlock_Holmes" title="Sherlock Holmes">Sherlock Holmes</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBenjamin201020''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ'':_ഒരു_പുനഃപരിശോധന_[''Marthandavarma'':_A_Re-examination]-126">[116]</a> The story of Subhadra is presented as a delightful tragedy, where she realizes her identity apart from the atrocities of her ancestors.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKalpatta_Balakrishnan200586സി._വി._രാമൻ_പിള്ള_[C._V._Raman_Pillai]-127">[117]</a> <a href="/wiki/N._Krishna_Pillai" title="N. Krishna Pillai">N. Krishna Pillai</a> and Prof. <a href="/wiki/V._Anandakuttan_Nair" title="V. Anandakuttan Nair">V. Anandakuttan Nair</a> state that the novel comprises three plots, among which the first one is the political theme about the power struggle between <a href="/wiki/Marthanda_Varma" title="Marthanda Varma">Marthanda Varma</a> and opponents, the second is the <a href="/wiki/Romance_(love)" title="Romance (love)">romance</a> of Ananthapadmanabhan and Parukutty, and the third is the tragedy of Subhadra.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma:_Caritravuṁ_Kalpanayuṁ''2009109-128">[118]</a> M. G. Sasibhooshan states that the plot consists of four sections, which are the above three together with the adventures of <a href="/wiki/Marthanda_Varma" title="Marthanda Varma">Marthanda Varma</a>, and concordance of these sections made the novel as an exceptional literary work.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Peruntaccanṟe_Baliṣṭhaśilpaṅṅaḷ''2013143-129">[119]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Style">Style</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Marthandavarma_(novel)&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Style">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Structure">Structure</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Marthandavarma_(novel)&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Structure">edit</a>]</div> The novel is presented in twenty-six chapters describing the historical events, and each chapter is provided with an <a href="/wiki/Epigraph_(literature)" title="Epigraph (literature)">epigraph</a> in the form of verses that implies the content of the respective chapter.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Sūcitasāhityakr̥tikaḷ''2009112-130">[120]</a> The major events of the novel take place during <a href="/wiki/Kollavarsham" class="mw-redirect" title="Kollavarsham">Kollavarsham</a> 903–904 (<a href="/wiki/Gregorian_Calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="Gregorian Calendar">Gregorian Calendar</a>: 1728), within a span of twenty-eight days, among which only eleven days are explicitly presented through the chapters from two to twenty-six. A night during the Kollavarsham 901 is presented in chapter one and a consolidated set of events until Kollavarsham 906 is narrated in the final chapter.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Kathākālaṁ;_saṁbhavasthalaṅṅaḷ''2009126–127-10">[10]</a> The novel switches to earlier periods, 1680s, 1703, 1720 while describing the backgrounds of Sundarayyan and Subhadra, marriage and breakup of Subhadra, and the relationship of Ananthapadmanabhan and Parukutty. Prof. Thumpamon Thomas points that the narration is as small water streams that eventually form into a waterfall similar to the strands in a twisted rope made of coir.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThumpamon_Thomas199242മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മയിലൂടെ_[Through_''Marthandavarma'']-131">[121]</a> The author successfully combines geographical structure of locality and suitable historical period with a legitimacy of day and night, and an accuracy as in an almanac, through his narrative style.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESreekanta_Kurup200794സ്ഥലകാലദർശനം_[Sight_of_place_and_time]-132">[122]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Characterisation">Characterisation</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Marthandavarma_(novel)&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Characterisation">edit</a>]</div> The story is narrated in a non-complex structure by maintaining the momentum of heroic valor and action, while presenting three dimensional characters.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Caritrākhyāyikakaḷkk_Orāmukhaṁ''200924-133">[123]</a> The novel is noted to be focused on multiple heroes and heroines.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGeorge_Onakkoor201383നായക_സങ്കല്പം_മലയാള_നോവലിൽ_[Concept_of_Hero_in_Malayalam_Novel]-134">[124]</a> Grorge Irumbayam states that the hero of the novel is Ananthapadmanabhan and Parukkutty is the heroine, however also mentions that the novel has dual heroines due to the prominence of the character, Subhadra.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Ādyakāla_Malayāḷanōval''201072...''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ''യിലെ_കഥാനായകൻ_അനന്തപത്മനാഭനും_നായിക_പാറുക്കുട്ടിയുമാണെന്ന_..._[...that_the_hero_is_Ananthapadmanabhan_and_heroine_is_Parukutty_in_''Marthandavarma''.]''Nōval_Si.Vi._Mutal_Baṣīṟ_Vare''200972ധർമ്മരാജാ_[Dharmaraja]_135-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Ādyakāla_Malayāḷanōval''201072...''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ''യിലെ_കഥാനായകൻ_അനന്തപത്മനാഭനും_നായിക_പാറുക്കുട്ടിയുമാണെന്ന_..._[...that_the_hero_is_Ananthapadmanabhan_and_heroine_is_Parukutty_in_''Marthandavarma''.]''Nōval_Si.Vi._Mutal_Baṣīṟ_Vare''200972ധർമ്മരാജാ_[Dharmaraja]-135">[125]</a> D. Benjamin notes that Marthanda Varma is the hero of novel.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBenjamin201020''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ'':_ഒരു_പുനഃപരിശോധന_[''Marthandavarma'':_A_Re-examination]._ഈ_നോവലിലെ_കഥാനായകൻ_മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ_മഹാരാജാവാണ്._[The_hero_of_this_novel_is_Marthanda_Varma.]_136-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBenjamin201020''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ'':_ഒരു_പുനഃപരിശോധന_[''Marthandavarma'':_A_Re-examination]._ഈ_നോവലിലെ_കഥാനായകൻ_മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ_മഹാരാജാവാണ്._[The_hero_of_this_novel_is_Marthanda_Varma.]-136">[126]</a> Kalpatta Balakrishnan remarks that Ananthapadmanabhan and Parukutty are leads of the plot only when the story is a <a href="/wiki/Romance_(love)" title="Romance (love)">romance</a>, and as the story is based on the heir-ship of <a href="/wiki/Marthanda_Varma" title="Marthanda Varma">Marthanda Varma</a> who leads the course of actions, Ananthapadmanabhan is not the hero of the novel.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKalpatta_Balakrishnan200562സി._വി._രാമൻ_പിള്ള_[C._V._Raman_Pillai]._ഇതിലെ_കഥാംശം_ഒരു_പ്രേമകഥയാണെങ്കിൽ..._...അത്തരമൊരു_വികാരം_അനന്തപത്മനാഭൻ_പാറുക്കുട്ടി_എന്നിവരിലൂടെ..._...കഥാംശം_അധികാരസമരമാണെങ്കിൽ_കഥാനായകനും_നായികയും_വേറെയാണ്._[If_the_story_is_a_love_story,_..._then_such_an_emotion_through_Ananthapadmanbhan_and_Parukutty..._if_the_story_is_power_struggle_then_hero_and_heroine_are_different.]_അതിനാൽ_അനന്തപത്മനാഭനല്ല_ഈ_കഥയിലെ_നായകൻ._[So,_Ananthapadmanabhan_is_not_the_hero_of_this_story.]Sreekanta_Kurup200738നിഗൂഢസ്രഷ്ടാവ്:_വർത്തമാനകാലപരിപ്രേക്ഷ്യത്തിന്റെ_ആഖ്യാനസമാന്തരം_[Mysterious_creator:_Narrative_similarity_of_contemporary_point_of_view]_137-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKalpatta_Balakrishnan200562സി._വി._രാമൻ_പിള്ള_[C._V._Raman_Pillai]._ഇതിലെ_കഥാംശം_ഒരു_പ്രേമകഥയാണെങ്കിൽ..._...അത്തരമൊരു_വികാരം_അനന്തപത്മനാഭൻ_പാറുക്കുട്ടി_എന്നിവരിലൂടെ..._...കഥാംശം_അധികാരസമരമാണെങ്കിൽ_കഥാനായകനും_നായികയും_വേറെയാണ്._[If_the_story_is_a_love_story,_..._then_such_an_emotion_through_Ananthapadmanbhan_and_Parukutty..._if_the_story_is_power_struggle_then_hero_and_heroine_are_different.]_അതിനാൽ_അനന്തപത്മനാഭനല്ല_ഈ_കഥയിലെ_നായകൻ._[So,_Ananthapadmanabhan_is_not_the_hero_of_this_story.]Sreekanta_Kurup200738നിഗൂഢസ്രഷ്ടാവ്:_വർത്തമാനകാലപരിപ്രേക്ഷ്യത്തിന്റെ_ആഖ്യാനസമാന്തരം_[Mysterious_creator:_Narrative_similarity_of_contemporary_point_of_view]-137">[127]</a> The historical environment created in the novel and the personalities of bygone period are coherent to the situations.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKalpatta_Balakrishnan200567സി._വി._രാമൻ_പിള്ള_[C._V._Raman_Pillai]._താൻ_സൃഷ്ടിക്കുന്ന_അന്തരീക്ഷവും_വ്യക്തികളും_അത്യന്തം_യോജിപ്പുള്ളവരാകുന്നു_എന്ന_സത്യം_അനുഭവപ്പെടുത്താനും_അവർ_നമ്മുക്കു_മുമ്പേ_ജീവിച്ചവരും_നമ്മെ_സംബന്ധിച്ചിടത്തോളം_സ്മരണാർഹമായ_പ്രസക്തിയുള്ളവരും_ആണെന്നു_ബോധ്യപ്പെടുത്താനും_സി.വി._യ്ക്ക്_ഒട്ടും_ക്ലേശിക്കേണ്ടി_വരുന്നില്ല,_''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ''യിലായാലും_..._[C._V._does_not_have_to_strain,_even_in_''Marthandavarma''..._to_make_feel_the_truth_that_environment_and_personalities_created_by_him_are_completely_coherent,_and_to_convince_that_they_(personalities)_are_memorable_relevant_ones_lived_before_our_time.]_138-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKalpatta_Balakrishnan200567സി._വി._രാമൻ_പിള്ള_[C._V._Raman_Pillai]._താൻ_സൃഷ്ടിക്കുന്ന_അന്തരീക്ഷവും_വ്യക്തികളും_അത്യന്തം_യോജിപ്പുള്ളവരാകുന്നു_എന്ന_സത്യം_അനുഭവപ്പെടുത്താനും_അവർ_നമ്മുക്കു_മുമ്പേ_ജീവിച്ചവരും_നമ്മെ_സംബന്ധിച്ചിടത്തോളം_സ്മരണാർഹമായ_പ്രസക്തിയുള്ളവരും_ആണെന്നു_ബോധ്യപ്പെടുത്താനും_സി.വി._യ്ക്ക്_ഒട്ടും_ക്ലേശിക്കേണ്ടി_വരുന്നില്ല,_''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ''യിലായാലും_..._[C._V._does_not_have_to_strain,_even_in_''Marthandavarma''..._to_make_feel_the_truth_that_environment_and_personalities_created_by_him_are_completely_coherent,_and_to_convince_that_they_(personalities)_are_memorable_relevant_ones_lived_before_our_time.]-138">[128]</a> The characters are presented in a way that it is impossible to differentiate between fictional and historical ones.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Malayāḷa_Sāhityacaritraṁ''2010126നോവൽ_[Novel]-139">[129]</a> <a href="/wiki/N._Krishna_Pillai" title="N. Krishna Pillai">N. Krishna Pillai</a> notes that the major attributes of historical characters in the novel are specifically given by the author.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Pratipātraṁ_Bhāṣaṇabhēdaṁ''201118അസ്തിവാരം_[Foundation]-140">[130]</a> The presentation of novel is unique with the creation of unprecedented characters and not through structure complexity.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBenjamin201021–22''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ'':_ഒരു_പുനഃപരിശോധന_[''Marthandavarma'':_A_Re-examination]-141">[131]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rhetorical_dramatism">Rhetorical dramatism</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Marthandavarma_(novel)&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Rhetorical dramatism">edit</a>]</div> The presentation of characters in the novel is noted to be similar to the appearance of roles in <a href="/wiki/Kathakali" title="Kathakali">Kathakali</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHaridevan200912-142">[132]</a> The novel is noted for the usage of rhetorical embellishments in narration.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESreekanta_Kurup200769ആഖ്യാനകലയും_പാരമ്പര്യഘടകങ്ങളും_[Narrative_art_and_traditional_elements]-143">[133]</a> The novel uses a particular style of using verses from ballads, <a href="/wiki/Puranas" title="Puranas">puranas</a>, and archaic literary works in descriptions and dialogs pertaining to the narrative situation, among which usage of quotes from puranas are comparatively less to that from <a href="/wiki/Aattakatha_(performance)" title="Aattakatha (performance)">Aattakatha</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Sūcitasāhityakr̥tikaḷ''2009123,_114-144">[134]</a> The major usages of quotes as epigraphs and inline ones are to indicate the plot of respective chapters or to point a particular behavior of characters, and this is noted to be a style inspired from <a href="/wiki/Sir_Walter_Scott" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir Walter Scott">Sir Walter Scott</a>, as well as a manifestation of author's knowledge in the puranas, legends, yesteryear ballads, and socio-cultural situation of Venad.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Sūcitasāhityakr̥tikaḷ''2009112ഉദ്ധരണികളിൽ_പ്രധാനം,_അദ്ധ്യായങ്ങളുടെ_ആരംഭത്തിൽ_കൊടുത്തിരിക്കുന്ന_കഥാസൂചകങ്ങളോ_പാത്രസ്വഭാവസൂചകങ്ങളോ_ആയ_പദ്യശകലങ്ങളാകയാൽ,_അവയ്ക്ക്_അതതു_അദ്ധ്യായങ്ങളിലെ_കഥാസന്ദർഭവുമായുള്ള_ബന്ധവും_ഔചിത്യവും..._[As_the,_verses_that_are_plot-implication_or_behavior-implication_of_characters_are_the_important_among_the_quoted_ones,_the_relation_and_propriety_to_the_context_of_plot_in_the_respective_chapters...]_സർ_വാൾട്ടർ_സ്കോട്ടിന്റെ_ചരിത്രനോവലുകൾ_സി.വി.ൽ_ചെലുത്തിയ_സ്വാധീനശക്തിയുടെ..._[The_influence-power_of_Sir_Walter_Scott's_historical_novels_in_C._V._...]_പുരാണകഥകളിലും_പ്രചീന-മദ്ധ്യകാല_മലയാള_കവിതകളിലും_വേണാടിന്റെ_പഴയവീരഗാഥകളിലും_നമ്മുടെ_ദേശചരിത്രം,_ആചാരങ്ങൾ,_ഐതിഹ്യങ്ങൾ_മുതലായവയിലും_ചെറുപ്പത്തിലേ_സി.വി._നേടിയ_പരിജ്ഞാനമാണിത്._[This_is_the_knowledge_acquired_by_C._V._in_the_puranic_stories,_ancient-middle_age_Malayalam_poems,_old_heroic_songs_of_Venad,_history_of_our_country,_customs,_and_legends.]_145-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Sūcitasāhityakr̥tikaḷ''2009112ഉദ്ധരണികളിൽ_പ്രധാനം,_അദ്ധ്യായങ്ങളുടെ_ആരംഭത്തിൽ_കൊടുത്തിരിക്കുന്ന_കഥാസൂചകങ്ങളോ_പാത്രസ്വഭാവസൂചകങ്ങളോ_ആയ_പദ്യശകലങ്ങളാകയാൽ,_അവയ്ക്ക്_അതതു_അദ്ധ്യായങ്ങളിലെ_കഥാസന്ദർഭവുമായുള്ള_ബന്ധവും_ഔചിത്യവും..._[As_the,_verses_that_are_plot-implication_or_behavior-implication_of_characters_are_the_important_among_the_quoted_ones,_the_relation_and_propriety_to_the_context_of_plot_in_the_respective_chapters...]_സർ_വാൾട്ടർ_സ്കോട്ടിന്റെ_ചരിത്രനോവലുകൾ_സി.വി.ൽ_ചെലുത്തിയ_സ്വാധീനശക്തിയുടെ..._[The_influence-power_of_Sir_Walter_Scott's_historical_novels_in_C._V._...]_പുരാണകഥകളിലും_പ്രചീന-മദ്ധ്യകാല_മലയാള_കവിതകളിലും_വേണാടിന്റെ_പഴയവീരഗാഥകളിലും_നമ്മുടെ_ദേശചരിത്രം,_ആചാരങ്ങൾ,_ഐതിഹ്യങ്ങൾ_മുതലായവയിലും_ചെറുപ്പത്തിലേ_സി.വി._നേടിയ_പരിജ്ഞാനമാണിത്._[This_is_the_knowledge_acquired_by_C._V._in_the_puranic_stories,_ancient-middle_age_Malayalam_poems,_old_heroic_songs_of_Venad,_history_of_our_country,_customs,_and_legends.]-145">[135]</a> The narrative style comprises plenty of such embellishments as in a lyric, to form a rhetorical prose, and this is noted to be author's crookedness of narrative style.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Gadyaṁ_Pinniṭṭa_Vaḻikaḷ''200188''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ''യും_സി.വി._യും_[''Marthandavarma''_and_C.V.]-146">[136]</a> The narrative style depicts a considerable level of the coherence between the consecutive sentences and in parts, and presents notions adapted from performance arts such as Kathakali, <a href="/wiki/Play_(theatre)" title="Play (theatre)">Play</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kudiyattam" class="mw-redirect" title="Kudiyattam">Kudiyattam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mohiniyattam" title="Mohiniyattam">Mohiniyattam</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Bharatanatyam" title="Bharatanatyam">Bharatanatyam</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPrabodhachandran2003141–142സീ_വീ_ശൈലി_[C_V_Style]-147">[137]</a> The dramatic language attained in the narration is through the abundant usages of <a href="/wiki/Passive_voice" title="Passive voice">passive voice</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gender-neutral_pronouns" class="mw-redirect" title="Gender-neutral pronouns">gender-neutral pronouns</a> in <a href="/wiki/Objective_case" class="mw-redirect" title="Objective case">objective case</a>, where as the archaic style of language is through usages of <a href="/wiki/Dative_case" title="Dative case">dative case</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPrabodhachandran2003143,_145സീ_വീ_ശൈലി_[C_V_Style]-148">[138]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Conversational">Conversational</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Marthandavarma_(novel)&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Conversational">edit</a>]</div> Pillai created a new style of his own for narration, in which author presents different style of languages for different characters.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Nōvalsāhityaṁ''1991141ഭാഷാനോവൽ–സി._വി._രാമൻപിള്ള_[Novel_in_Language_–_C._V._Raman_Pilla]._..,_അതിനെ_ഗ്രന്ഥകാരൻ_പ്രതിപാദനരീതിയുടെ_നൂതനത്വം_വഴിയായി_സ്വകീയമാക്കി_ചെയ്തിട്ടുണ്ടെന്നുള്ളതിനു_നോവലിൽ_സർവത്ര_തെളിഞ്ഞുകാണപ്പെടുന്ന_ഹൃദയമർമ്മജ്ഞത_ഉത്തമ_ലക്ഷണമാണ്._[..._the_heartily_vital_knowledge_seen_everywhere_in_the_novel_is_an_excellent_trait_that_the_author_made_it_his_own_by_way_of_neo-narrative_style.]Kalpatta_Balakrishnan200566സി._വി._രാമൻ_പിള്ള_[C._V._Raman_Pillai]_149-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Nōvalsāhityaṁ''1991141ഭാഷാനോവൽ–സി._വി._രാമൻപിള്ള_[Novel_in_Language_–_C._V._Raman_Pilla]._..,_അതിനെ_ഗ്രന്ഥകാരൻ_പ്രതിപാദനരീതിയുടെ_നൂതനത്വം_വഴിയായി_സ്വകീയമാക്കി_ചെയ്തിട്ടുണ്ടെന്നുള്ളതിനു_നോവലിൽ_സർവത്ര_തെളിഞ്ഞുകാണപ്പെടുന്ന_ഹൃദയമർമ്മജ്ഞത_ഉത്തമ_ലക്ഷണമാണ്._[..._the_heartily_vital_knowledge_seen_everywhere_in_the_novel_is_an_excellent_trait_that_the_author_made_it_his_own_by_way_of_neo-narrative_style.]Kalpatta_Balakrishnan200566സി._വി._രാമൻ_പിള്ള_[C._V._Raman_Pillai]-149">[139]</a> N. Krishna Pillai points that 64% of the novel is used for conversations of characters.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Pratipātraṁ_Bhāṣaṇabhēdaṁ''201124അസ്തിവാരം_[Foundation]._ആകെ_സംഭാഷണഭാഗങ്ങളുടെ_വിശകലനത്തിൽ_''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ''യിലെ_മൊത്തം_പുറങ്ങളുടെ_64_ശതമാനവും_..._സംഭാഷണരചനയ്ക്കുപയോഗിച്ചിരിക്കുന്നു._[In_the_analysis_of_all_conversational_sections,_64_percentage_of_total_pages_in_''Marthandavarma''_are_used_for_scripting_of_dialogs.]_150-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Pratipātraṁ_Bhāṣaṇabhēdaṁ''201124അസ്തിവാരം_[Foundation]._ആകെ_സംഭാഷണഭാഗങ്ങളുടെ_വിശകലനത്തിൽ_''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ''യിലെ_മൊത്തം_പുറങ്ങളുടെ_64_ശതമാനവും_..._സംഭാഷണരചനയ്ക്കുപയോഗിച്ചിരിക്കുന്നു._[In_the_analysis_of_all_conversational_sections,_64_percentage_of_total_pages_in_''Marthandavarma''_are_used_for_scripting_of_dialogs.]-150">[140]</a> The narration style interspersed with fine pieces of humor, and lively flashes of wit is stated as heartily attractive to the readers due to its simplicity and sweetness; which also leads the reader through the events of novel at fast pace.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEditorial_from_''THE_HINDU''189172There_are_interspersed_throughout_the_book_fine_pieces_of_humour,_lively_flashes_of_wit_and_imagination_and_shrewd_observations_on_the_ways_of_the_world_and_the_inner_workings_of_the_human_mind.''C._V._Raman_Pilla''2014116–117മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മയിലൂടെ_[Through_''Marthandavarma'']_151-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEditorial_from_''THE_HINDU''189172There_are_interspersed_throughout_the_book_fine_pieces_of_humour,_lively_flashes_of_wit_and_imagination_and_shrewd_observations_on_the_ways_of_the_world_and_the_inner_workings_of_the_human_mind.''C._V._Raman_Pilla''2014116–117മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മയിലൂടെ_[Through_''Marthandavarma'']-151">[141]</a> The variance in the behavior of characters are shown through specific style of language used for particular characters, and the styles of language are vigorous in conversations.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Ādyakāla_Malayāḷanōval''201079മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ–ഒരു_പഠനം_[''Marthandavarma''–A_Study]._..._ലളിതവും_ഹൃദയംഗവുമാണ്_മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മയിലെ_ഭാഷ._കഥാപാത്രങ്ങളുടെ_സ്വഭാവത്തിനനുസൃതമായി_ഭാഷയും_ശൈലിയും_മാറുന്നുണ്ടെങ്കിലും_വർണ്ണന,_ആഖ്യാനം_എന്നിവയ്ക്ക്_ഒരേ_ഭാഷ_തന്നെ..._[..._the_language_in_''Marthandavarma''_is_light_and_heart-touching._The_language_for_description_and_narration_are_same,_though_the_language_and_style_change_with_respect_to_the_behavior_of_characters_...]_സംഭാഷണത്തിൽ_മാത്രമല്ല,_വിവരണങ്ങളിലും_സി.വി._യുടെ_ഓജസ്സും_ഭംഗിയുമുള്ള_ശൈലി_കണ്ടെത്താൻ_പ്രയാസമില്ല._[Not_only_in_conversations,_in_descriptions_too,_finding_C.V.'s_style_that_has_vigor_and_beauty_is_not_difficult.]_152-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Ādyakāla_Malayāḷanōval''201079മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ–ഒരു_പഠനം_[''Marthandavarma''–A_Study]._..._ലളിതവും_ഹൃദയംഗവുമാണ്_മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മയിലെ_ഭാഷ._കഥാപാത്രങ്ങളുടെ_സ്വഭാവത്തിനനുസൃതമായി_ഭാഷയും_ശൈലിയും_മാറുന്നുണ്ടെങ്കിലും_വർണ്ണന,_ആഖ്യാനം_എന്നിവയ്ക്ക്_ഒരേ_ഭാഷ_തന്നെ..._[..._the_language_in_''Marthandavarma''_is_light_and_heart-touching._The_language_for_description_and_narration_are_same,_though_the_language_and_style_change_with_respect_to_the_behavior_of_characters_...]_സംഭാഷണത്തിൽ_മാത്രമല്ല,_വിവരണങ്ങളിലും_സി.വി._യുടെ_ഓജസ്സും_ഭംഗിയുമുള്ള_ശൈലി_കണ്ടെത്താൻ_പ്രയാസമില്ല._[Not_only_in_conversations,_in_descriptions_too,_finding_C.V.'s_style_that_has_vigor_and_beauty_is_not_difficult.]-152">[142]</a> The stylistic symbols among the specialties of language variance and author's idiolect marks the narration as a <a href="/wiki/Classicism" title="Classicism">classic</a> style.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPrabodhachandran2003145–146സീ_വീ_ശൈലി_[C_V_Style]-153">[143]</a> The unveiling of truth and mystery in the end through conversations is arguably a perfection of narration technique, according to C. Sreekanta Kurup.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESreekanta_Kurup200735നിഗൂഢസ്രഷ്ടാവ്:_വർത്തമാനകാലപരിപ്രേക്ഷ്യത്തിന്റെ_ആഖ്യാനസമാന്തരം_[Mysterious_creator:_Narrative_similarity_of_contemporary_point_of_view]_154-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESreekanta_Kurup200735നിഗൂഢസ്രഷ്ടാവ്:_വർത്തമാനകാലപരിപ്രേക്ഷ്യത്തിന്റെ_ആഖ്യാനസമാന്തരം_[Mysterious_creator:_Narrative_similarity_of_contemporary_point_of_view]-154">[144]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Narration">Narration</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Marthandavarma_(novel)&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Narration">edit</a>]</div> The expansion of plot is noted to be through the stagnantly rising events, without pushing back the narration on the behest of describing the struggles of characters.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThumpamon_Thomas199243മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മയിലൂടെ_[Through_''Marthandavarma'']._..._കെട്ടിക്കയറുന്ന_സംഭവങ്ങളിലൂടെ_കഥയെ_വികസിപ്പിച്ച്_..._[..._by_expanding_plot_through_the_stagnantly_rising_events_...]_..._ആഖ്യാനത്തെ_പിൻപന്തിയിലേക്കു_തള്ളിനീക്കുകയും_കഥാപാത്രത്തിന്റെ_സംഘർഷത്തിലൂടെ_പാത്രസ്വഭാവം_വരച്ചെടുക്കുന്നതിൽ_ഊന്നൽ_നല്കുകയും_ചെയ്യുന്ന_നോവലിന്റെ_രചനാകൗശലമല്ല,_..._കാണുക._[..._the_writing_trick_of_novel,_which_pushes_the_narration_to_the_back_row,_and_providing_emphasize_in_drawing_the_behavior_of_character_through_character's_struggles,_are_not_..._seen.]_155-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThumpamon_Thomas199243മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മയിലൂടെ_[Through_''Marthandavarma'']._..._കെട്ടിക്കയറുന്ന_സംഭവങ്ങളിലൂടെ_കഥയെ_വികസിപ്പിച്ച്_..._[..._by_expanding_plot_through_the_stagnantly_rising_events_...]_..._ആഖ്യാനത്തെ_പിൻപന്തിയിലേക്കു_തള്ളിനീക്കുകയും_കഥാപാത്രത്തിന്റെ_സംഘർഷത്തിലൂടെ_പാത്രസ്വഭാവം_വരച്ചെടുക്കുന്നതിൽ_ഊന്നൽ_നല്കുകയും_ചെയ്യുന്ന_നോവലിന്റെ_രചനാകൗശലമല്ല,_..._കാണുക._[..._the_writing_trick_of_novel,_which_pushes_the_narration_to_the_back_row,_and_providing_emphasize_in_drawing_the_behavior_of_character_through_character's_struggles,_are_not_..._seen.]-155">[145]</a> The narration keeps the reader in suspense, with the rise of incidents out of incidents, leading to unexpected intricacies and complications with a veil of mystery until the final revelations.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEditorial_from_''THE_HINDU''189171–72The_author_is_careful_to_keep_the_reader_in_suspense,_making_incidents_to_rise_out_of_incidents,_leading_to_unexpected_intricacies_and_complications_with_a_veil_of_mystery_thrown_over_the_whole,_until_at_last_all_the_incidents_and_attendant_circumstances_are_explained_and_the_reader_finds_himself_relieved_from_all_embarrassments_and_impediments._156-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEditorial_from_''THE_HINDU''189171–72The_author_is_careful_to_keep_the_reader_in_suspense,_making_incidents_to_rise_out_of_incidents,_leading_to_unexpected_intricacies_and_complications_with_a_veil_of_mystery_thrown_over_the_whole,_until_at_last_all_the_incidents_and_attendant_circumstances_are_explained_and_the_reader_finds_himself_relieved_from_all_embarrassments_and_impediments.-156">[146]</a> The novel is presented with so many events, the arrangements of which create a feel that plot is long enough to fit in a book double the present size of the novel.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Nōvalsāhityaṁ''1991144–145ഭാഷാനോവൽ–സി._വി._രാമൻപിള്ള_[Novel_in_Language_–_C._V._Raman_Pilla]-157">[147]</a> The narration is presented in a manner that makes a reader to feel the accomplishment of wonders in the novel are inevitable.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHaridevan200915-158">[148]</a> The language used in the novel is simple and is not overly mixed with <a href="/wiki/Sanskrit" title="Sanskrit">Sanskrit</a>, when tallying with author's later novels.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Caritrākhyāyikakaḷkk_Orāmukhaṁ''2009p._25.-159">[149]</a> The language used in this novel does not create any resistance to reading, unlike in his later novels.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESreekanta_Kurup200763ആഖ്യാനകലയും_പാരമ്പര്യഘടകങ്ങളും_[Narrative_art_and_traditional_elements]-160">[150]</a> The style of narration in Dharmaraja is termed as Kirmīravadhaśaili, adhering to author's terminology, Kiṟmīravadharīti,<a href="#cite_note-KvStyleNote-162">[G]</a> where as the narrative style used in this novel is termed as Śī Vī Śaili.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Gadyaṁ_Pinniṭṭa_Vaḻikaḷ''200187''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ''യും_സി.വി._യും_[''Marthandavarma''_and_C.V.]Prabodhachandran2003138സീ_വീ_ശൈലി_[C_V_Style]-163">[152]</a> The author termed it as Mārttāṇḍavaṟmmā-style,<a href="#cite_note-MvStyleNote-165">[H]</a> which he admitted to not able to continue in his later works.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Ramarajabahadur''200910-166">[154]</a> The novel is identified as an incident-rich work interlaced with fast-paced events during the period of a well-known historical personality, there by possessing the most required aspect of a <a href="/wiki/Historical_novel" class="mw-redirect" title="Historical novel">historical novel</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Caritrākhyāyikakaḷkk_Orāmukhaṁ''200924Kalpatta_Balakrishnan200562സി._വി._രാമൻ_പിള്ള_[C._V._Raman_Pillai]-167">[155]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Intertextuality_and_allusions">Intertextuality and allusions</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Marthandavarma_(novel)&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Intertextuality and allusions">edit</a>]</div> The novel has a rich focus on <a href="/wiki/Intertextuality" title="Intertextuality">intertextuality</a>, making regular references and homages to both the Indian subcontinent and Western literary traditions, histories and cultures. These sections provide a limited overview of the most important references and allusions in the novel and links to more thorough examinations of the allusions and intertextuality used throughout the novel. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Characters_based_on_legends,_history_and_real_life">Characters based on legends, history and real life</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Marthandavarma_(novel)&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Characters based on legends, history and real life">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Marthandavarma_characters#Allusions_to_personalities_in_legends,_history_and_real_life" title="List of Marthandavarma characters">Full list of allusions to personalities in legends, history and real life</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:396px;max-width:396px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:97px;max-width:97px"><div class="thumbimage"><a href="/wiki/File:Marthandavarma_Maharaja.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Marthandavarma_Maharaja.jpg/95px-Marthandavarma_Maharaja.jpg" decoding="async" width="95" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Marthandavarma_Maharaja.jpg/143px-Marthandavarma_Maharaja.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Marthandavarma_Maharaja.jpg/190px-Marthandavarma_Maharaja.jpg 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="390" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption">Marthanda Varma</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:97px;max-width:97px"><div class="thumbimage"><a href="/wiki/File:ANANTHAN.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/ANANTHAN.jpg/95px-ANANTHAN.jpg" decoding="async" width="95" height="139" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/ANANTHAN.jpg/143px-ANANTHAN.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/ANANTHAN.jpg/190px-ANANTHAN.jpg 2x" data-file-width="267" data-file-height="392" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption">Ananthan</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:97px;max-width:97px"><div class="thumbimage"><a href="/wiki/File:Karthika_Thirunal_Rama_Varma.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Karthika_Thirunal_Rama_Varma.jpg/95px-Karthika_Thirunal_Rama_Varma.jpg" decoding="async" width="95" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Karthika_Thirunal_Rama_Varma.jpg/143px-Karthika_Thirunal_Rama_Varma.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Karthika_Thirunal_Rama_Varma.jpg/190px-Karthika_Thirunal_Rama_Varma.jpg 2x" data-file-width="503" data-file-height="731" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption">Dharmaraja</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:97px;max-width:97px"><div class="thumbimage"><a href="/wiki/File:Ramayyan_Dalawa.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Ramayyan_Dalawa.jpg/95px-Ramayyan_Dalawa.jpg" decoding="async" width="95" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Ramayyan_Dalawa.jpg/143px-Ramayyan_Dalawa.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Ramayyan_Dalawa.jpg/190px-Ramayyan_Dalawa.jpg 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="476" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption">Ramayyan</div></div></div></div></div> Many of the characters in the novel are based on persons from history, legend and the author's life. Major characters borrowed from history include Prince Marthanda Varma (the title character) based on <a href="/wiki/Marthanda_Varma" title="Marthanda Varma">Marthanda Varma</a>, Pappu Thambi and Raman Thambi based on the Thambi brothers, Ananthapadmanabhan based on Ananthan/Ananthapadmanabhan (a warrior and commander in the Travancore forces during the reign of Marthanda Varma), Mangoikkal Kuruppu based on Mangottu Assan (a martial arts master from Mancode<a href="#cite_note-MacodeNote1-168">[I]</a>), Ettuveettil Pillas based on <a href="/wiki/Ettuveetil_Pillamar" title="Ettuveetil Pillamar">Ettuveetil Pillamar</a> and Ramayyan based on <a href="/wiki/Ramayyan_Dalawa" title="Ramayyan Dalawa">Ramayyan Dalawa</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENagam_Aiya1906328–330Chapter_VIIbrahim_Kunju199024,_169–170മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മയുടെ_ആദ്യകാല_ജീവിതം_[Early_life_of_Marthanda_Varma],_എട്ടരയോഗവും_എട്ടുവീട്ടിൽ_പിള്ളമാരും_[Ettarayogam_and_Ettuveettil_Pillas]Mathilakam_Records1996115–117PadmakumariHussain20034–22''Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma:_Caritravuṁ_Kalpanayuṁ''2009109Shobhanan2011105''Ōṭṭaṉ_Katai''198212–16,_22–24,_31Varatharajan200026அத்தியாயம்_3_[Chapter_3]''Sūcitasāhityakr̥tikaḷ''2009114''Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma:_Sr̥ṣṭiyuṁ_svarūpavuṁ''200984–85Shangoony_Menon1879114–115,_122–123,_127,_173_169-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENagam_Aiya1906328–330Chapter_VIIbrahim_Kunju199024,_169–170മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മയുടെ_ആദ്യകാല_ജീവിതം_[Early_life_of_Marthanda_Varma],_എട്ടരയോഗവും_എട്ടുവീട്ടിൽ_പിള്ളമാരും_[Ettarayogam_and_Ettuveettil_Pillas]Mathilakam_Records1996115–117PadmakumariHussain20034–22''Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma:_Caritravuṁ_Kalpanayuṁ''2009109Shobhanan2011105''Ōṭṭaṉ_Katai''198212–16,_22–24,_31Varatharajan200026அத்தியாயம்_3_[Chapter_3]''Sūcitasāhityakr̥tikaḷ''2009114''Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma:_Sr̥ṣṭiyuṁ_svarūpavuṁ''200984–85Shangoony_Menon1879114–115,_122–123,_127,_173-169">[156]</a> Chulliyil Chadachi Marthandan Pilla is based on Chadachi Marthandan, a legendary figure from Chulliyur<a href="#cite_note-ChulliyurNote1-170">[J]</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma:_Sr̥ṣṭiyuṁ_svarūpavuṁ''200999''Janakīyasaṁskāraṁ''2013215-171">[157]</a> Other historically sourced characters are King Rama Varma based on <a href="/wiki/Rajah_Rama_Varma" class="mw-redirect" title="Rajah Rama Varma">Rajah Rama Varma</a>, the little Prince Karthika Thirunal Rama Varma based on the infant <a href="/wiki/Dharma_Raja" title="Dharma Raja">Dharma Raja</a>, and Ammattampurāṭṭi who is based on his mother.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVelu_Pillai1940232,_241,_260–261Shangoony_Menon1879106,_108,_110Chapter_INagam_Aiya1906324Chapter_VI-172">[158]</a> There are also Narayanayyan (an assistant to Ramayyan Dalawa), and Arumukham Pilla (the acting Dalawa of Venad during Kollavarsham 901–903 and Dalawa during 904–909).<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEShangoony_Menon1879114–117Nagam_Aiya1906335Chapter_VIVelu_Pillai1940268–269Modern_History-173">[159]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Events_based_on_legends,_history_and_politics">Events based on legends, history and politics</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Marthandavarma_(novel)&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Events based on legends, history and politics">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/List_of_allusions_in_Marthandavarma_novel#Events_based_on_legends,_history_and_politics" title="List of allusions in Marthandavarma novel">Full list of events based on legends, history and politics</a></div> Several of the events in the book are based on occurrences from history or legend, these include: the pact between King Rama Varma and Madurai Nayaks in Kollavarsham 901 at <a href="/wiki/Tiruchirappalli" title="Tiruchirappalli">Tiruchirappalli</a> for the latter to supply additional forces to Travancore for a fixed annual fee, the assassination attempts on Marthanda Varma at Kalliyankattu temple, at Panathara, near the <a href="/wiki/Ezhava" title="Ezhava">Ezhava</a> house at Perunkadavila and at the <a href="/wiki/Nedumangad" title="Nedumangad">Nedumangad</a> fort as well as the attempt by Velu Kuruppu and his men when the mad Channan helped Marthanda Varma hide inside a tree implying the aid by a Channan plougher to hide and another attempt when Marthanda Varma hid inside the big hole within a jack tree at the <a href="/wiki/Neyyattinkara_Sree_Krishna_Swami_Temple" title="Neyyattinkara Sree Krishna Swami Temple">Neyyattinkara Sree Krishna Swami Temple</a>, the attempted murder of the little Prince Karthika Thirunal Rama Varma in Kollavarsham 903 while he and his mother were traveling from Trivandrum to Attingal, the heirship claim by the Thambi brothers through linear succession against the collateral rule of succession followed in Venad, the treaty of the Thambi brothers with foreign forces to out-throw Marthanda Varma from power, the council of Ettuveettil Pillas planning the murder attempt on Marthanda Varma, the coup d'état by the Thambi brothers, Marthanda Varma's accession to the throne in Kollavarsham 904 following the illness and death of King Rama Varma and the detention of Arumukham Pilla by Madurai forces.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Vyākhyānakuṟippukaḷ''2009402Naduvattom_Gopalakrishnan200861–62Shangoony_Menon1879106,_108–110,_114–117,_120–121Velu_Pillai1940232,_260–261,_268–269,_271–273Nagam_Aiya1906314–315,_327,_333–335Nanoo_Pillay1886126–129Ibrahim_Kunju199026–29,_31–32Mathilakam_Records1996115–117''Kathākālaṁ;_saṁbhavasthalaṅṅaḷ''2009126–127_174-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Vyākhyānakuṟippukaḷ''2009402Naduvattom_Gopalakrishnan200861–62Shangoony_Menon1879106,_108–110,_114–117,_120–121Velu_Pillai1940232,_260–261,_268–269,_271–273Nagam_Aiya1906314–315,_327,_333–335Nanoo_Pillay1886126–129Ibrahim_Kunju199026–29,_31–32Mathilakam_Records1996115–117''Kathākālaṁ;_saṁbhavasthalaṅṅaḷ''2009126–127-174">[160]</a> Other events mentioned in the novel are the conquest of Desiganadu by Marthanda Varma after his accession to the throne and the Kalipankulam incident as a murder of five princes with the involvement of Ramanamadathil Pilla, as well as the death of Padmanabhan Thambi at the hands of Marthanda Varma's accomplices. The novel also refers to the attack of a Mukilan (a petty chieftain under Moghul emperor) in Travancore during Kollavarsham 853–855 when, a few families were converted to Mohammedians, and the tragic death of Iravikutti Pilla in the war against the forces of <a href="/wiki/Thirumalai_Nayak" class="mw-redirect" title="Thirumalai Nayak">Thirumalai Nayak</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENagam_Aiya1906310–313,_336–339''Vyākhyānakuṟippukaḷ''2009417Shangoony_Menon187997–100,_102–103,_125–126''Iravikkuṭṭippiḷḷappōr_Oru_Pṭhanaṁ''2011203–207-175">[161]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Architecture_and_geography">Architecture and geography</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Marthandavarma_(novel)&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Architecture and geography">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/List_of_allusions_in_Marthandavarma_novel#Architectural_and_Geographical_references" title="List of allusions in Marthandavarma novel">Full list of Architectural and Geographical references</a></div> The novel describes the setting as the kingdom of Venad under the rule of the King Rama Varma. The major events occur in and around <a href="/wiki/Padmanabhapuram" title="Padmanabhapuram">Padmanabhapuram</a>, the capital of the kingdom, and <a href="/wiki/Thiruvananthapuram" title="Thiruvananthapuram">Thiruvananthapuram</a> within Venad. <a href="/wiki/Aralvaimozhi" title="Aralvaimozhi">Aralvaimozhi</a>, or Āṟāṁvaḻi, and <a href="/wiki/Edava" title="Edava">Edava</a> or Idava are mentioned as the south-eastern, and north-western borders of Venad, respectively. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Padmanabhapuram_locations">Padmanabhapuram locations</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Marthandavarma_(novel)&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Padmanabhapuram locations">edit</a>]</div> Much of the novel is set in <a href="/wiki/Padmanabhapuram_Palace" title="Padmanabhapuram Palace">Padmanabhapuram Palace</a>, Charottu Palace, and Mangoikkal House. The Darbhakulam mansion and the Kalkulam mansion of Padmanabhapuram Palace existed during the timeline of the novel. The novel describes the residence at the place of the present southern mansion on the northern side of the <a href="/wiki/Padmanabhapuram_Palace" title="Padmanabhapuram Palace">contemporary palace</a>. Prince Marthada Varma halts there on his way to Boothapandi and later Padmanabhan Thambi camps there, after which fifty members of the Channar people were executed at the palace compound.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Peruntaccanṟe_Baliṣṭhaśilpaṅṅaḷ''2013142-176">[162]</a> Charottu Palace is 2 miles (3.218688 km) north of Padmanabhapuram Palace. The former is small, with only an enclosed quadrangular homestead (<a href="/wiki/Nalukettu" class="mw-redirect" title="Nalukettu">Nalukettu</a>) and a cookhouse (Madapalli). Prince Marthanda Varma and his aide Parameswaran Pilla reside there after evading Padmanabhan Thambi at Padmanabhapuram Palace through the tunnel passage. The closed tunnel passage between Padmanabhapuram Palace and Charottu Palace had access from the Tāikoṭṭāraṁ (Mother's mansion) at the former palace, and cites its closed existence.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Vyākhyānakuṟippukaḷ''2009400–401-177">[163]</a> Mangoikkal House is 2 Nazhika north to Charode. The house includes a grove, through which the mad Channan reaches Mangoikkal House to rescue Prince Marthanda Varma. The Mangoikkal kalari (martial arts school of Mangoikkal) is nearby which aid Mangoikkal Kuruppu and his nephews. The house name Mangoikkal is in reminiscence of the house of Mangottu Assan at Mancode, and the house name of the author's patron Kesavan Thambi Karyakkar, Nangoikkal.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVaratharajan200026அத்தியாயம்_3_[Chapter_3]''C._V._Raman_Pilla''19593–4,_6–8ബാല്യം_[Childhood]-178">[164]</a> In the novel, Prince Marthanda Varma is cornered and trapped at Kalliancaud Temple or Kaḷḷiyankāṭṭukṣētraṁ, from where, he is later escaped as a Brahmin. The temple is Kalliancaud Sivan Kovil (located at <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Marthandavarma_(novel)&params=8_11_52_N_77_23_27_E_">8°11′52″N 77°23′27″E / 8.19778°N 77.39083°E / 8.19778; 77.39083</a>). Ananthapadmanabhan is attacked and left for dead by Velu Kuruppu in Panchavankadu or Panchavan Forest, a forest area on the way to Nagercoil from the residence of Ananthapadmanbhan's mother near Kollavarsham 901. Prof. N. Krishna Pilla and Prof. V. Anandakuttan Nair state that Panchavankadu and Kalliyankadu are the same.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Kathākālaṁ;_saṁbhavasthalaṅṅaḷ''2009128-179">[165]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Thiruvananthapuram_locations">Thiruvananthapuram locations</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Marthandavarma_(novel)&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Thiruvananthapuram locations">edit</a>]</div> The novel describes Thiruvananthapuram as the capital of the kingdom, but P. Venugopalan states that this is historically inaccurate, because the capital hadn't yet changed from Padmanabhapuram to Thiruvananthapuram.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Vyākhyānakuṟippukaḷ''2009403-180">[166]</a> The novel includes four major locations in Thiruvananthapuram: Thiruvananthapuram fort, Subhadra's house, <a href="/wiki/Killi_River" title="Killi River">Killi river</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Manacaud" title="Manacaud">Manacaud</a>. Thekkekoyikkal or the southern mansion within the fort is home to Prince Marthanda Varma.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Si._Vi._Vyākhyānakōśaṁ''_Vol_21997987തെക്കേകോയിക്കൽ_[at_the_southern_mansion]-181">[167]</a> In the novel, Velu Kuruppu tries to attack Marthada Varma, while the latter is on his way to the mansion, but is foiled by Shankarachar.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Si._Vi._Vyākhyānakōśaṁ''_Vol_42004453–454-182">[168]</a> The novel mentions another location within the fort, the house Chembakassery. Scholars debate Chembakassery's historicity: P. K. Parameswaran Nair assumes that Chembakassery House never existed, where as the article Anantapadmanābhan nāṭāruṁ tiruvitāṁkūṟ niṟmmitiyuṁ states that the house existed and the author was familiar with it.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''C._V._Raman_Pilla''1959133Parthan2011150-183">[169]</a> The fort present in the novel was later rebuilt during <a href="/wiki/Kollavarsham" class="mw-redirect" title="Kollavarsham">Kollavarsham</a> 922–928 and eventually demolished after the independence of India; preserved ruins can be found at the <a href="/wiki/East_Fort" title="East Fort">east fort</a> in Thiruvananthapuram.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESooranad_Kunjan_Pillai1992170–171V.V.K._Valath199848–50കിഴക്കേ_കോട്ടയും_പടിഞ്ഞാറേ_കോട്ടയും_[East_fort_and_West_fort]-184">[170]</a> Subhadra's house is a few blocks north to the royal passage at Andiyirakkam.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Si_Vi_yuṭe_mūnnu_kathāpātraṅṅaḷ''199343സുഭദ്ര_[Subhadra]-185">[171]</a> Manacaud or Manakadu is referred to in the novel as the place where <a href="/wiki/Pathan" class="mw-redirect" title="Pathan">Pathan</a> merchants are camped.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Si._Vi._Vyākhyānakōśaṁ''_Vol_32002371പ_[Pa]-186">[172]</a> Fighters of Mangoikkal also camp there, where their final confrontation with the Thambi brothers and Ettuveettil Pillas take place.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Si._Vi._Vyākhyānakōśaṁ''_Vol_32002925മ_[Ma]-187">[173]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sociocultural_practices">Sociocultural practices</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Marthandavarma_(novel)&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Sociocultural practices">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/List_of_allusions_in_Marthandavarma_novel#Allusion_to_medicine,_sociocultural_system_and_lifestyle_practices" title="List of allusions in Marthandavarma novel">Full list of allusions to medicine, sociocultural system and lifestyle practices</a></div> In the novel, practices of <a href="/wiki/Ayurveda" title="Ayurveda">Indian traditional medicine</a> and <a href="/wiki/Unani_medicine" title="Unani medicine">Unani traditional medicine</a> are prevalent in Venad during the timeline of the story.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEB.K._Menon193666Chapter_XV-188">[174]</a> After having Ananthapadmanabhan drugged, Hakkim tried a kind of <a href="/wiki/Narcoanalysis" class="mw-redirect" title="Narcoanalysis">narcoanalysis</a> to discover the former's whereabouts, however it yielded no results.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Si._Vi._Vyākhyānakōśaṁ''_Vol_32002821ബോ_[Bō]''Si._Vi._Vyākhyānakōśaṁ''_Vol_42004715സാ_[Sā]-189">[175]</a> <a href="/wiki/Hindu_astrology" title="Hindu astrology">Astrological practices</a> are also employed, such as praśnaṁ vayppŭ<a href="#cite_note-PrasnamNote-191">[K]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Si._Vi._Vyākhyānakōśaṁ''_Vol_32002606പെ_[Pe]-192">[177]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Natal_astrology" title="Natal astrology">Natal astrology</a>, which are referenced when Shanku Assan says to Parukutty that chothirisham or <a href="/wiki/Jyotish" class="mw-redirect" title="Jyotish">jyothisham</a> will not go wrong.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Si._Vi._Vyākhyānakōśaṁ''_Vol_21997383,_759-193">[178]</a> The narrative depicts <a href="/wiki/Superstition" title="Superstition">superstitious</a> customs such as Ūṭṭŭ or <a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B3%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D" class="extiw" title="ml:കാളിയൂട്ട്">Kāḷiyūṭṭŭ</a>, Pāṭṭŭ, Uruvaṁ Vaypŭ, Amman Koṭa, Cāvūṭṭŭ, Uccinakāḷi Sēva as quite common among the <a href="/wiki/Hindu" class="mw-redirect" title="Hindu">hindu</a> religious followers.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Si._Vi._Vyākhyānakōśaṁ''_Vol_32002485''Si._Vi._Vyākhyānakōśaṁ''_Vol_11994225,_663''Si._Vi._Vyākhyānakōśaṁ''_Vol_21997670''Vyākhyānakuṟippukaḷ''2009428-194">[179]</a> The people at the palace conduct <a href="/wiki/Occult" title="Occult">occult</a> acts with clergy, priests and magicians to extend the lifetime of the king. Thirumukhathu Pilla goes for <a href="/wiki/Paranormal" title="Paranormal">paranormal</a> <a href="/wiki/Retrocognition" title="Retrocognition">retrocognition</a> through Mashinottam,<a href="#cite_note-MashiNotNote-196">[L]</a> an Indian <a href="/wiki/Clairvoyance" title="Clairvoyance">clairvoyant practice</a>, to confirm the rumors concerning the death of his son, Ananthapadmanabhan.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Si._Vi._Vyākhyānakōśaṁ''_Vol_1199436അ_[A]-197">[181]</a> Velu Kuruppu mentions that <a href="/wiki/Magic_(paranormal)" class="mw-redirect" title="Magic (paranormal)">sorcery</a> was used by a <a href="/wiki/Namboothiri" class="mw-redirect" title="Namboothiri">namboothiripad</a> of the Akavoor family<a href="#cite_note-AkavoorNote-199">[M]</a> to evoke protection on his armor shield by the incantation of seventy million Dhanwantharam, a set of hymns offered to <a href="/wiki/Dhanvantari" title="Dhanvantari">Dhanvantari</a> in order to safeguard against ill fortune.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Vyākhyānakuṟippukaḷ''2009412-200">[183]</a> Beeram Khan is a <a href="/wiki/Muslim" class="mw-redirect" title="Muslim">Muslim</a> convert who is also a <a href="/wiki/Nair" title="Nair">Nair</a> and Subhadra's ex-spouse. He married Fathima after his <a href="/wiki/Proselytization" class="mw-redirect" title="Proselytization">proselytization</a> to <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a>, as he became a dependent of Hakkim's family. At one point, Hakkim intended to proselytize Ananthapadmanabhan to Islam with the support of Usman Khan while the latter was drugged unconscious, but could not do so because Zulaikha opposed the act.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Vyākhyānakuṟippukaḷ''2009424''Si._Vi._Vyākhyānakōśaṁ''_Vol_42004885–886-201">[184]</a> The novel presents the <a href="/wiki/Miscegenation" title="Miscegenation">miscegenation</a> between a Shasthri (an <a href="/wiki/Aryan" title="Aryan">aryan</a> race) and a lady of <a href="/wiki/Marvar" title="Marvar">Marvar</a> caste (a <a href="/wiki/Dravidian_peoples" title="Dravidian peoples">dravidian</a> race); whom are the parents of Sundarayyan and Kondanki.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Si._Vi._Vyākhyānakōśaṁ''_Vol_42004736–737സു_[Su]-202">[185]</a> Padmanabhan Thambi is represented as a philanderer whose paramours include: Kamalam, Sivakami, the mistress at the seventh house and the unnamed female prostitute at <a href="/wiki/Kottar" title="Kottar">Kottar</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Si._Vi._Vyākhyānakōśaṁ''_Vol_32002387–388-203">[186]</a> Subhadra mentions that he was after her since she was ten years old. Consequently, Ananthapadmanabhan opposes his father's agreement to a marriage proposal for his younger sister from Padmanabhan Thambi. When the proposal is cancelled, an enraged Sundarayyan says to Ananthapadmanabhan to keep an <a href="/wiki/Incest" title="Incest">incestuous</a> relationship with his younger sister; to which Ananthapadmanabhan makes a <a href="/wiki/Racist" class="mw-redirect" title="Racist">racist</a> remark against Sundarayyan that "thān maṟavanaṭō" (hey! you are a <a href="/wiki/Maravar" title="Maravar">Maravar</a>). This further enrages Sundarayyan to favor the attack on Anathapadmanabhan at Panchavankadu, which starts the series of events in the novel.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Si._Vi._Vyākhyānakōśaṁ''_Vol_21997158കാ_[Kā]''Vyākhyānakuṟippukaḷ''2009436''Si._Vi._Caritrākhyāyikakaḷilūṭe''1991119–120പ്രകൃതിശക്തികൾ—സി.വി._സാഹിത്യത്തിൽ_[Natural_forces_in_C._V._literature]_204-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Si._Vi._Vyākhyānakōśaṁ''_Vol_21997158കാ_[Kā]''Vyākhyānakuṟippukaḷ''2009436''Si._Vi._Caritrākhyāyikakaḷilūṭe''1991119–120പ്രകൃതിശക്തികൾ—സി.വി._സാഹിത്യത്തിൽ_[Natural_forces_in_C._V._literature]-204">[187]</a> The Venad royal family follows the <a href="/wiki/Inheritance" title="Inheritance">heirship</a> through <a href="/wiki/Marumakkathayam" title="Marumakkathayam">Marumakkathayam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Collateral_descendant" class="mw-redirect" title="Collateral descendant">collateral descent through maternal nephews</a>. In the novel, Sundarayyan points out that this system is opposed to the common system of heirship through Makkathayam (<a href="/wiki/Lineal_descendant" title="Lineal descendant">lineal descent through sons</a>) and proposes to raise a claim to the throne for the elder son of King Rama Varma, Padmanabhan Thambi, who at one point conveyed his concern to Sunadarayyan that the latter system would bring his younger brother Raman Thambi against him. The Ettuveettil Pillas pledge to make Padmanabhan Thambi the next king by assassinating Prince Marthanda Varma, the legal heir to the kingdom, even though the Ettuveettil Pillas follow the system of <a href="/wiki/Matrilineality" title="Matrilineality">matrilineality</a> with <a href="/wiki/Avuncular" class="mw-redirect" title="Avuncular">avuncular</a> <a href="/wiki/Paterfamilias" class="mw-redirect" title="Paterfamilias">paterfamilias</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEA._M._Vasudevan_Pillai199148–51സി._വി._രാമൻപിള്ളയുടെ_രാഷ്ട്രീയ_നോവലുകൾ_[Political_novels_of_C._V._Raman_Pillai]Janarthanan200823,_26–27Origin_of_Nayar_society_205-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEA._M._Vasudevan_Pillai199148–51സി._വി._രാമൻപിള്ളയുടെ_രാഷ്ട്രീയ_നോവലുകൾ_[Political_novels_of_C._V._Raman_Pillai]Janarthanan200823,_26–27Origin_of_Nayar_society-205">[188]</a> Some of the Ettuveettil Pillas are noted to be of <a href="/wiki/Vellalar" title="Vellalar">Vellalar</a> clan, who follow Makkathayam.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEP._V._Velayudhan_Pillai200018ചരിത്രനോവലുകളല്ല_[Not_Historical_Novels]-206">[189]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Writers_and_literature">Writers and literature</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Marthandavarma_(novel)&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: Writers and literature">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/List_of_allusions_in_Marthandavarma_novel#Allusion_to_writers,_literatures_and_languages" title="List of allusions in Marthandavarma novel">Full list allusions to writers, literatures and languages</a></div> The novel explicitly mentions <a href="/wiki/Thunchaththu_Ezhuthachan" title="Thunchaththu Ezhuthachan">Thunchaththu Ezhuthachan</a>, P. Shangoony Menon, and also refers to <a href="/wiki/Adi_Shankara" title="Adi Shankara">Shankaracharyar</a> as kēraḷēcārakaṟttāvŭ, which means the author of customs in Kerala, <a href="/wiki/Venmani_Achhan_Nambudiripad" title="Venmani Achhan Nambudiripad">Venmani Achhan Nambudiripad</a> as kavikulōttaṁsan (one at the crest of poets clan) and compares his lifetime to that of Sundarayyan.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Si._Vi._Vyākhyānakōśaṁ''_Vol_21997389കേ_[Kē]''Vyākhyānakuṟippukaḷ''2009406-207">[190]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Story-line_adaptation">Story-line adaptation</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Marthandavarma_(novel)&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: Story-line adaptation">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/List_of_allusions_in_Marthandavarma_novel#Story-line_adaptations" title="List of allusions in Marthandavarma novel">List of Story-line adaptations in Marthandavarma novel</a></div> The novel uses the references to the Ettuveettil Pillas in the Sree Veera Marthandavarmacharitham <a href="/wiki/Aattakatha_(performance)" title="Aattakatha (performance)">Aattakatha</a>, to form the characters and also uses the four-line verse about them as epigraph to the eleventh chapter. The character of Sundarayyan in the novel is similar to the character of Pichakappalli in this Aattakatha.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma:_Sr̥ṣṭiyuṁ_svarūpavuṁ''200984–85-208">[191]</a> The situations in which Marthanda Varma escapes the attempts on his life by Thambi's men are in line with similar events from the Marthandamahathmyam, a lyrical work written as a <a href="/wiki/Kilippattu" title="Kilippattu">Kilippattu</a> based on the stories about <a href="/wiki/Marthanda_Varma" title="Marthanda Varma">Marthanda Varma</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma:_Sr̥ṣṭiyuṁ_svarūpavuṁ''200984–85-208">[191]</a> The attack at Mangoikkal house by Padmanabhan Thambi's men is similar to the attack and eventual burning of Mangottu Assan's house in Ottan Katha, one of the ballads of <a href="/wiki/Venad" class="mw-redirect" title="Venad">Venad</a> based on the stories about Marthanda Varma.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Ōṭṭaṉ_Katai''198212–16,_22–24,_31-209">[192]</a> <a href="/wiki/Ivanhoe" title="Ivanhoe">Ivanhoe</a> by <a href="/wiki/Sir_Walter_Scott" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir Walter Scott">Sir Walter Scott</a> is considered to be the most influential work in the development of Marthandavarma.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELeela_Devi197884–85Historical_Novels-210">[193]</a> Like in Ivanhoe, the first chapter of the novel opens with the description of a forest, and every chapter opens with an epigraph similar to those in <a href="/wiki/Sir_Walter_Scott" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir Walter Scott">Scott's</a> books.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEK._M._George199897The_Novel-211">[194]</a> <a href="/wiki/M._P._Paul" title="M. P. Paul">M. P. Paul</a> claims that the characters Marthanda Vama, Ananthapadmanabhan, Chulliyil Chadachi Marthandan Pilla are based on characters from Ivanhoe, even though they are based on the history and legends of <a href="/wiki/Venad" class="mw-redirect" title="Venad">Venad</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Nōvalsāhityaṁ''1991136–143ഭാഷാനോവൽ–സി._വി._രാമൻപിള്ള_[Novel_in_Language_–_C._V._Raman_Pilla]-212">[195]</a> M. P. Paul also claims that the situations involving either the mad Channan, Subhadra or Thirumukhathu Pilla are similar to situations in <a href="/wiki/King_Lear" title="King Lear">King Lear</a> by <a href="/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare">William Shakespeare</a>, the character of Shanku Assan is similar to that of Dominie Sampson in <a href="/wiki/Guy_Mannering" title="Guy Mannering">Guy Mannering</a> by Sir Walter Scott.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Nōvalsāhityaṁ''1991136–143ഭാഷാനോവൽ–സി._വി._രാമൻപിള്ള_[Novel_in_Language_–_C._V._Raman_Pilla]-212">[195]</a> <a href="/wiki/M._Leelavathy" title="M. Leelavathy">M. Leelavathy</a> points that the character of Subhadra is prototyped from the Flora McIvor of <a href="/wiki/Waverley_(novel)" title="Waverley (novel)">Waverley</a> by <a href="/wiki/Sir_Walter_Scott" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir Walter Scott">Sir Walter Scott</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''C._V._Raman_Pillai''_by_S._Guptan_Nair199230Marthandavarma-213">[196]</a> <dl><dd>Neelikatha (subplot)</dd> <dd>According to P. Venugopalan, the story of Panchavankattu Neeli (Pañcavankāṭṭunīli, lit. Neeli of Pachavan forest) in the third chapter of the novel is a combination of stories form the ballads Panchavankattu Neelikatha (Pañcavankāṭṭunīlikatha) and Neelikatha (Nīlikatha, lit. story of Neeli).<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Vyākhyānakuṟippukaḷ''2009404-214">[197]</a> Thikkurissi Gangadharan states that Kaḷḷiyankāttunīli (Neeli of Kalliyancaud) is changed to Pañcavankāṭṭunīli by the author of the novel.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Kerala_Kaumudi_Weekily''201215-215">[198]</a></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Appropriations">Appropriations</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Marthandavarma_(novel)&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: Appropriations">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/List_of_allusions_in_Marthandavarma_novel#Appropriations" title="List of allusions in Marthandavarma novel">List of literary Appropriations in Marthandavarma novel</a></div> The novel heavily incorporates verses from <a href="/wiki/Nalacharitham" title="Nalacharitham">Nalacharitham</a> <a href="/wiki/Aattakatha_(performance)" title="Aattakatha (performance)">Aattakatha</a> (Day 1, Day 2, Day3, Day4) <a href="/wiki/Adhyathmaramayanam" class="mw-redirect" title="Adhyathmaramayanam">Adhyathmaramayanam</a> <a href="/wiki/Kilippattu" title="Kilippattu">Kilippattu</a>, Sree Mahabharatham Kilippattu by <a href="/wiki/Thunchaththu_Ezhuthachan" title="Thunchaththu Ezhuthachan">Thunchaththu Ezhuthachan</a>, Harishchandracharitham Aattakatha by Pettayil Raman Pilla Asan, Ravanavijayam Aattakatha by Vidwan Rajarajavarma Koi Tampuran of Kilimanur, Rukmineeswayamvaram Aattakatha by Aswathi Thirunal Ramavarma Thampuran, Kalakeyawadham Aattakatha by Kōṭṭayattŭ Tampuran, Bashanaishadham <a href="/wiki/Champu" title="Champu">Champu</a> by Mazhamangalam as epigraphs, as descriptions and quotations.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Naḷacaritaṁ_[Onnāṁ_Divasaṁ]''200329രംഗം_ഒന്ന്_[Scene_One]''Naḷacaritaṁ_[Raṇṭāṁ_Divasaṁ]''200130രംഗം_ഒന്ന്_[Scene_One]''Naḷacaritaṁ_[Mūnnāṁ_Divasaṁ]''200747രംഗം_ഒന്ന്_[Scene_One]''Naḷacaritaṁ_[Nālāṁ_Divasaṁ]''200328ഒന്നാം_രംഗം_[First_Scene]''Śrīmahābhārataṁ_Strīpaṟvvaṁ''199944–45''Vyākhyānakuṟippukaḷ''2009420,_432''Si._Vi._Vyākhyānakōśaṁ''_Annexure2004919,_920_216-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Naḷacaritaṁ_[Onnāṁ_Divasaṁ]''200329രംഗം_ഒന്ന്_[Scene_One]''Naḷacaritaṁ_[Raṇṭāṁ_Divasaṁ]''200130രംഗം_ഒന്ന്_[Scene_One]''Naḷacaritaṁ_[Mūnnāṁ_Divasaṁ]''200747രംഗം_ഒന്ന്_[Scene_One]''Naḷacaritaṁ_[Nālāṁ_Divasaṁ]''200328ഒന്നാം_രംഗം_[First_Scene]''Śrīmahābhārataṁ_Strīpaṟvvaṁ''199944–45''Vyākhyānakuṟippukaḷ''2009420,_432''Si._Vi._Vyākhyānakōśaṁ''_Annexure2004919,_920-216">[199]</a> The novel also draws verses from Kirmeerawadham Aattakatha by Kōṭṭayattŭ Tampuran, Subhadraharanam Aattakatha by Mantṟēṭattŭ Nampūtiri, Dakshayagam Aattakatha by <a href="/wiki/Irayimman_Thampi" title="Irayimman Thampi">Irayimman Thampi</a>, Banayudham Aattakatha by Bālakavi Rāmaśāstrikaḷ, Keechakawadham Aattakatha by Irayimman Thampi, Rāmāyaṇaṁ (Irupattunālu vr̥ttaṁ), Ramayanam Vilpattu, Vethalacharitham Kilippattu by Kallēkuḷaṅṅara Rāghavapiṣāraṭi, Symanthakam Ottan Thullal by <a href="/wiki/Kunchan_Nambiar" title="Kunchan Nambiar">Kunchan Nambiar</a>, Krishnarjunavijayam Thullal, Kuchelavritham Vanchipattu by Ramapurathu Varrier.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Si._Vi._Vyākhyānakōśaṁ''_Annexure2004918,_920–921''Vyākhyānakuṟippukaḷ''2009410,_413,_426–427-217">[200]</a> The novel also comprises verses from the ballads Neelikatha, Ponnarithal Katha, Mavaratham, and Iravikuttipillaporu.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma:_Sr̥ṣṭiyuṁ_svarūpavuṁ''200984–85Padmakumari2009320''Malayāḷattile_Paḻaya_Pāṭṭukaḷ''1917187,_192,_196–197,_202''Sūcitasāhityakr̥tikaḷ''2009124_218-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma:_Sr̥ṣṭiyuṁ_svarūpavuṁ''200984–85Padmakumari2009320''Malayāḷattile_Paḻaya_Pāṭṭukaḷ''1917187,_192,_196–197,_202''Sūcitasāhityakr̥tikaḷ''2009124-218">[201]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Languages">Languages</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Marthandavarma_(novel)&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: Languages">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/List_of_allusions_in_Marthandavarma_novel#Languages" title="List of allusions in Marthandavarma novel">List of language references in Marthandavarma novel</a></div> The novel mentions the languages, <a href="/wiki/Malayalam" title="Malayalam">Malayalam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tamil_language" title="Tamil language">Tamil</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hindustani_language" title="Hindustani language">Hindustani</a>, among which the former one is used primarily for the narration with the adopted words from Tamil, <a href="/wiki/Sanskrit" title="Sanskrit">Sanskrit</a>, <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a>, Hindustani, <a href="/wiki/Persian_language" title="Persian language">Persian</a> and a conversation in a substitution cipher, <a href="/wiki/Mulabhadra" title="Mulabhadra">Mulabhadra</a>. Malayalam is the primary language used in the novel, Sanskrit words are extensively used in the novel such as khādyapēyalēhyabhōjya<a href="#cite_note-KhadyaNote-219">[N]</a> (lit. chew-able, drinkable, lick-able, and eatable), tējaḥpuñjaṁ (lit. heap of ardor)<a href="#cite_note-TejaNote-220">[O]</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Si._Vi._Vyākhyānakōśaṁ''_Vol_21997522,_996-221">[202]</a> Tamil words and prepositions are used in the statements of Shanku Assan, Anantham, Mangoikkal Kuruppu and in the narrations, among which, the <a href="/wiki/Tamil_language" title="Tamil language">Tamil</a> word nāyaki (lit. spouse [feminine])<a href="#cite_note-NayakiNote-222">[P]</a> in the first edition of the novel is replaced with the <a href="/wiki/Malayalam" title="Malayalam">malayalam</a> one nāyika (lit. heroine)<a href="#cite_note-NayikaNote-223">[Q]</a> in the revised edition.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma:_Sr̥ṣṭiyuṁ_svarūpavuṁ''200975-224">[203]</a> The novel uses the word caittān which is a form of Hindustani word šaitān (lit. devil)<a href="#cite_note-SatanNote-225">[R]</a>, and also uses the word bahadūṟ, a form of Hindustani word bahādur<a href="#cite_note-BahadurNote-226">[S]</a> (lit. brave).<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Si._Vi._Vyākhyānakōśaṁ''_Vol_21997753ചൈ_[Cai]''Si._Vi._Vyākhyānakōśaṁ''_Vol_32002787ബ_[Ba]-227">[204]</a> The novel makes a <a href="/wiki/Malayalam" title="Malayalam">malayalam</a> usage for the <a href="/wiki/Shawl" title="Shawl">shawl</a> used by Thirumukhathu Pilla as sālva, which is analogous to the <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a> word and the <a href="/wiki/Persian_language" title="Persian language">Persian</a> version shāl,<a href="#cite_note-ShalNote-228">[T]</a> and for the meaning of <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/guard#Verb" class="extiw" title="wikt:guard">guard</a> while referring to the posture of Chembakassery Mootha Pilla at the door of Parukutty's room, the novel uses a word gāṭṭŭ akin to the obsolete form <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/gard#Verb" class="extiw" title="wikt:gard">gard</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Si._Vi._Vyākhyānakōśaṁ''_Vol_42004715സാ_[Sā]''Si._Vi._Vyākhyānakōśaṁ''_Vol_21997544ഗാ_[Gā]-229">[205]</a> The novel uses the word kinkāb which is a form of word kinkhab, which stands for silk brocade with gold and silver designs and term is a conjoined form of kin and khab originated or westernized from kam<a href="#cite_note-KamNote-230">[U]</a> and khwab<a href="#cite_note-KhwabNote-231">[V]</a> respectively.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESumathi200455Some_Traditional_Textiles_of_India-232">[206]</a> <ul><li>Ambiguous usage – The novel presents the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Ambiguous_words" title="Wikipedia:Ambiguous words">ambiguous usages</a> of the term nazhika,<a href="#cite_note-NazhiNote-233">[W]</a> as a unit of measure for time and as a unit of measure for length. Nazhika1 as a unit of measure for time is analogous to <a href="/wiki/Hindu_units_of_time" title="Hindu units of time">Ghaṭi</a> and 1 Nazhika corresponds to 24 <a href="/wiki/Minute" title="Minute">minutes</a>. Nazhika2 is a unit of measure for length prevailed in yesteryear Kerala at different denominations such as 1 Nazhika = 1.828 kilometers and 1 Nazhika = 914.4 meters.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEA.C._Vasu2009155,_159സംഖ്യാനാമം_പ്രാചീന_അളവുപട്ടിക_[Numeric_names,_Ancient_measurement_table]-234">[207]</a> The C. V. Vyakhyanakosam<a href="#cite_note-CVVyakyNote-236">[X]</a> states that 1 Nazhika in the novel corresponds to approximately 1.5 kilometers.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Si._Vi._Vyākhyānakōśaṁ''_Vol_32002228നാ_[Nā]-237">[209]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Adaptations">Adaptations</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Marthandavarma_(novel)&action=edit&section=41" title="Edit section: Adaptations">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Abridgement">Abridgement</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Marthandavarma_(novel)&action=edit&section=42" title="Edit section: Abridgement">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>1964: Marthandavarma – An abridged version by Kannan Janardhanan,<a href="#cite_note-KanJanBioNote-240">[iv]</a> published by Kamalalaya Book Depot.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Marthandavarma''_[Abridged]1964-241">[212]</a></li> <li>1984: Kuttikalude Marthandavarma – An abridged version by <a href="/wiki/M._M._Basheer" title="M. M. Basheer">M. M. Basheer</a>, published by C. V. Raman Pillai National Foundation.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Kuṭṭikaḷuṭe_Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma''1984-242">[213]</a></li> <li>2003: Pandupandoru Marthanda Varma – An abridged version by <a href="/wiki/Subhash_Chandran" title="Subhash Chandran">Subhash Chandran</a>, published by Haritham Books, Kozhikode.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPaṇṭupaṇṭoru_Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma2003-243">[214]</a></li> <li>2011: Marthandavarma – An abridged version by Prof. P. Ramachandran Nair, published by <a href="/wiki/D._C._Books" class="mw-redirect" title="D. C. Books">D. C. Books</a> with illustrations by Reji Karimulackal.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Marthandavarma''_[Children's_Literature]2011-244">[215]</a></li> <li>2012: Marthandavarma – An abridged version by V. Ramachandran, distributed through National Book Stall, Kottayam.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Marthandavarma''_[Abridged]2012-245">[216]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Comics">Comics</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Marthandavarma_(novel)&action=edit&section=43" title="Edit section: Comics">edit</a>]</div> In 1985, <a href="/wiki/Amar_Chitra_Katha" title="Amar Chitra Katha">Amar Chitra Katha</a> comics of <a href="/wiki/India_Book_House" title="India Book House">IBH Publishers Pvt. Ltd</a> released an <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a> comic book adaptation of novel. The thirty-two pages of comic book adaptation was scripted by Radha Nair, illustrated by M. Mohandas, had the cover art by Ramesh Umrotkar under the consultancy by <a href="/wiki/Ram_Waeerkar" title="Ram Waeerkar">Ram Waeerkar</a> and editing by <a href="/wiki/Anant_Pai" title="Anant Pai">Anant Pai</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERadha_Nair1985-246">[217]</a> In 2007, the comic book adaptation was released in <a href="/wiki/Malayalam" title="Malayalam">Malayalam</a> by <a href="/wiki/Balarama_(magazine)" title="Balarama (magazine)">Balarama</a> Amar Chithra Katha of <a href="/wiki/Malayala_Manorama" title="Malayala Manorama">Malayala Manorama</a> group as Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERadha_Nair2007-247">[218]</a> The title The Legend of Maathaanda Varma was later altered to Maarthaanda Varma and released in 2010 by Amar Chitra Katha Pvt. Ltd, and it was included in the comics-collection The Great Indian Classics.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERadha_Nair2010-248">[219]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Films">Films</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Marthandavarma_(novel)&action=edit&section=44" title="Edit section: Films">edit</a>]</div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MARTHANDA_VARMA_1933.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/MARTHANDA_VARMA_1933.jpeg/150px-MARTHANDA_VARMA_1933.jpeg" decoding="async" width="150" height="96" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/MARTHANDA_VARMA_1933.jpeg/225px-MARTHANDA_VARMA_1933.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/01/MARTHANDA_VARMA_1933.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="260" data-file-height="166" /></a><figcaption>Marthanda Varma (1933)</figcaption></figure> <ul><li>1933: Marthanda Varma – a silent black & white film directed by P. V Rao.</li></ul> <dl><dd><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Marthanda_Varma_(film)" title="Marthanda Varma (film)">Marthanda Varma (film)</a></div></dd> <dd>The film released on 12 May 1933 to face litigation from the publishers of the novel during the period through a court order as the producer of the movie did not have the required rights, subsequently the film was retained by court authorities and imposed a stay on further screening of the film till the closure of legal proceedings which later went against the film producer.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChabria201358–59The_Indian_Silent_Cinema_Retrospective''Metro_Plus'',_March_32013-249">[220]</a> Thus, the film marked the first of its kind copyright case involving a literary work and a feature film in India by being a second feature film of Malayalam film industry and the novel being the first Malayalam literary work to adapt to a film from the same industry.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBindu_Menon2009PRD_Kerala2014TVM_Corporation-250">[221]</a></dd></dl> <ul><li>1997: Kulam – a loose adaptation directed by <a href="/wiki/Lenin_Rajendran" title="Lenin Rajendran">Lenin Rajendran</a></li></ul> <dl><dd><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Kulam_(film)" title="Kulam (film)">Kulam (film)</a></div></dd> <dd>The film released on 21 February 1997 through Ambadi Pictures, focuses only on the story of Subhadra, the pivotal character of the novel by exploring her marital and non-marital relationships finally to her murder by Kudamon Pilla.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Chithrabhumi''_XLII-1619987–9''Friday_Review'',_Jan_262006''Chithrabhumi'',_XV-1199627–28-251">[222]</a></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Television">Television</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Marthandavarma_(novel)&action=edit&section=45" title="Edit section: Television">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>2003: Marthanda Varma  – A television serial directed by Suryan Chennithala.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Rashtra_Deepika_Cinema''200234-252">[223]</a> The telecast of the <a href="/wiki/Miniseries" title="Miniseries">serial</a> commenced on 15 January 2003 at 18:00 hours as an episode of 30 minutes on <a href="/wiki/Doordarshan" title="Doordarshan">Doordarshan</a>'s <a href="/wiki/DD_Malayalam" title="DD Malayalam">Thiruvananthapuram channel</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Marthanda_Varma''_(serial)2003-253">[224]</a> The serial was abruptly discontinued after the telecast of fourth episode on 3 March 2003 due to non-agreement of terms between the producer and the television channel team.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESyamala20141-254">[225]</a></li> <li>2010: Veera Marthanda Varma – A television <a href="/wiki/Serial_(radio_and_television)" title="Serial (radio and television)">serial</a> produced by Colosceum Media Pvt Ltd.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Real_to_reel''2010-255">[226]</a> The telecast commenced on 19 July 2010 through <a href="/wiki/Surya_TV" title="Surya TV">Surya TV</a> as a daily serial on weekdays from Monday to Friday at 21:30 hours, which was later changed to weekend slot after the eighty-third episode in November 2010.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Veera_Marthanda_Varma''_(serial)_Episode-12010-256">[227]</a> The telecast slots of the serial on Surya TV were intermittently skipped from March 2011 and eventually it was discontinued after the 128th episode on 21 May 2011.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Veera_Marthanda_Varma''_(serial)_Episode-842010-257">[228]</a></li> <li>2014: Marthanda Varma – A television play based on the script of stage adaptation by P. Venugopalan and performed in 2013, with the same cast members who reprised their roles from the stage performance except for a few including the replacement of Jiji Kalamandir by Vinayan for the role of mad Channan. The program was telecasted on 27 March 2014 at 15:30 hours through <a href="/wiki/DD_Malayalam" title="DD Malayalam">DD Malayalam</a>, and it was re-telecasted as six episodes on Sundays from the following week.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Marthanda_Varma''_TV_Drama2014''Marthanda_Varma''_serial2014-258">[229]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Theatre">Theatre</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Marthandavarma_(novel)&action=edit&section=46" title="Edit section: Theatre">edit</a>]</div> Marthandavarma was first adapted for theater in 1919 by Sree Chithira Thirunal Grandhasala. It featured an all-male cast. N. Rajan Nair notes that <a href="/wiki/Nair" title="Nair">Nair</a> societies of <a href="/wiki/Palkulangara" title="Palkulangara">Palkulangara</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vanchiyoor" title="Vanchiyoor">Vanchiyoor</a> and Kunnukuzhy also staged theatre adaptations in early days. The cultural organization, Kalavedi of Thiruvananthapuram forayed into theatre adaptations of Marthandavarma from 1957. N. Rajan Nair points that a stage performance of Marthandavarma once happened at <a href="/wiki/Kozhikode" title="Kozhikode">Kozhikode</a> and performances are happened at <a href="/wiki/Delhi" title="Delhi">Delhi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bombay" class="mw-redirect" title="Bombay">Bombay</a> and <a href="/wiki/Madras" class="mw-redirect" title="Madras">Madras</a> under the respective Malayali associations.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Si._Vi._Nōvalukaḷ_Araṅṅatt''2013238,_243–244,_252,_254-259">[230]</a> <ul><li>2008: Marthanda Varma – A stage adaptation directed by Kaladharan staged on 18 May 2008 at VJT hall, Thiruvananthapuram under the banner of cultural organization, Rasika.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Metro_Plus''17_May_2008''Friday_Review''30_May_2008-260">[231]</a></li> <li>2013: Marthanda Varma – A stage adaptation staged on 19 May 2013 17:30 hours at Prof. N. Krishnapillai Foundation Theatre, Nandavanam under the banner of Kalavedi, Thiruvananthapuram.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''The_Hindu''18_May_2013Shameer2013-261">[232]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Radio">Radio</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Marthandavarma_(novel)&action=edit&section=47" title="Edit section: Radio">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>1991–1992: Marthandavarma – A radio play produced by All India Radio, Thiruvananthapuram. The radio play was broadcast in 30 minutes episodes, every Wednesday at 21:30 hours from 17 July 1991 to 1 January 1992, and it was re-broadcast in 15-minute episodes from Monday to Saturday at 14:15 hours between 20 January 2014 and 8 February 2014.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Marthandavarma''_[Radio]1991''Marthandavarma''_[Radio]2014-262">[233]</a></li> <li>2012: Subhadra  – A radio program produced by All India Radio, Thiruvananthapuram. The radio play was broadcast in 30 minutes episodes, every Wednesday at 21:30 hours from 28 November 2012 to 12 December 2012.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Subhadra''_[Radio]2012''Si._Vi._Nōvalukaḷ_Araṅṅatt''2013249–250-263">[234]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sequels">Sequels</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Marthandavarma_(novel)&action=edit&section=48" title="Edit section: Sequels">edit</a>]</div> Raman Pillai received many requests for a sequel, and created three, and these novels together with Marthandvarma are known as C. V. Raman Pillai's Novel Trilogy.<a href="#cite_note-TrilogyNote-266">[Y]</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Dharmaraja''19947–8Balanandan201057–58-267">[237]</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Marthandavarma_characters#Characters_recurring_in_sequels" title="List of Marthandavarma characters">Characters recurring in sequels</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Marthandavarma_characters#Complex_relationships_of_characters" title="List of Marthandavarma characters">Complex relationships of characters in sequels</a></div> <ul><li>1913 : Dharmaraja – The story follows the novel with the return of Thripura Sunadari Kunjamma, the sister of Thevan Vikaraman Kazhakkoottathu Pilla and her granddaughter Meenakshi to Travancore and subsequent situations in which Kesava Pilla (young Kesavadas) gets involved with the proceedings of Chandrakaran, the son of Ramanamadathil Pilla and the emergence of Haripanchanan as the antagonist, who is later revealed by Ananthapadmanabhan to be one among the twins of Thripura Sunadari Kunjamma, Ugran, who plan to topple the kingdom.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Dharmaraja''199441–294-268">[238]</a></li> <li>1918 : Ramarajabahadur Part I – The story continues with the return of Chandrakaran as Manikyagoundan while <a href="/wiki/Tipu_Sultan" title="Tipu Sultan">Tipu Sultan</a> is planning a march to Travancore for eventual conquer and presents cousin of Raja Kesavadas, Perinchakodan as main antagonist, who abducts Savithri, the daughter of Meenakshi.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Ramarajabahadur''200993–253-269">[239]</a></li> <li>1919 : Ramarajabahadur Part II – After the failed meeting of Raja Kesavadas and the Ajithasimhan, the messenger of Tipu Sultan, war ensues between the Mysore forces and Travancore forces.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Ramarajabahadur''2009257–438-270">[240]</a></li></ul> <dl><dd>P. K. Parmeswaran Nair guesses that Raman Pillai's Diṣṭadaṁṣṭṟaṁ, serialized in the 1920 periodical Mitabhāṣi to incomplete is the follow-up of above story.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''C._V._Raman_Pilla''2014305–308അവസാന_സാഹിത്യയത്നങ്ങൾ_[Final_Literary_Attempts]-271">[241]</a> N. Balakrishnan Nair states that C. V. Raman Pillai never wrote the third part of story based on Raja Kesavadas.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEN._Balakrishnan_Nair1951196ആത്മനിരൂപണം_[Introspection]-272">[242]</a> Ayyappa Panicker, who analyzes the published texts of Diṣṭadaṁṣṭṟaṁ to find no historical or related references to above story line and concludes the claim of P. K. Parameswaran Nair as a mere assumption.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Si._Vi._Rāman_Piḷḷa''_by_Dr._Ayyappa_Paniker199382–84ഇതരകൃതികൾ_[Other_Works]-273">[243]</a></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Significance">Significance</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Marthandavarma_(novel)&action=edit&section=49" title="Edit section: Significance">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Influence">Influence</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Marthandavarma_(novel)&action=edit&section=50" title="Edit section: Influence">edit</a>]</div> The novel was a forerunner in Malayalam historical fiction. According to Kalpetta Balakrishnan, C. R. Velu Pillai's Rājaśēkaran and K. M. Varghese's Nellimūṭṭile Nammuṭe Ammacci and Taccil Māttu Tarakan were influenced by Marthandavarma.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKalpatta_Balakrishnan2005107,_113–115,_117–119സി.വി.ക്കു_പിന്നാലെ_[After_C._V.]-274">[244]</a> <a href="/wiki/Kunjunni_Mash" title="Kunjunni Mash">Kunjunni Mash</a> said he wrote a novel after reading Marthandavarma at young age, but never published it.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESippy_Pallippuram2010-275">[245]</a> For Malayalam writer <a href="/wiki/Paul_Zacharia" title="Paul Zacharia">Paul Zacharia</a>, Marthandavarma gained him the ability to imagine a scene for his writing career.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''The_New_Indian_Express''5_September_2009-276">[246]</a> <ul><li>Kuñcuttampimāṟ, the historical novel by N. Parameswaran Pilla, is presented as an unauthorized sequel to Marthandavarma.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKalpatta_Balakrishnan2005108–112സി.വി.ക്കു_പിന്നാലെ_[After_C._V.]-277">[247]</a></li> <li>Śītālakṣmi, the historical play by <a href="/wiki/E._V._Krishna_Pillai" title="E. V. Krishna Pillai">E. V. Krishna Pillai</a>, is also considered an unauthorized sequel.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Encyclopaedia_of_Indian_Literature''_Vol_V20013901–3902-278">[248]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Academic_usage">Academic usage</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Marthandavarma_(novel)&action=edit&section=51" title="Edit section: Academic usage">edit</a>]</div> The literary significance of novel led the text of the novel to be used in school curriculum as original and abridged forms, and also been included in the course programs offered by various universities of <a href="/wiki/South_India" title="South India">south India</a>. <ul><li>School curriculum – An abridged version of the novel is used as Malayalam II Reader / Malayāḷaṁ Upapāṭhapustakaṁ for Standard IX under <a href="/wiki/Kerala_State_Education_Board" class="mw-redirect" title="Kerala State Education Board">Kerala State Education Board</a> during 1977–1986.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma_Upapāṭhapustakaṁ''1985-279">[249]</a> The chapter 24 of the novel was used as third chapter in Malayalam I Reader / Kēraḷa Pāṭhāvali of Standard X during 1987–2004 under the same education board.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKēraḷa_Pāṭhāvali19977–13സി._വി._യുടെ_മാനസപുത്രി_[Daughter_of_CV's_Mind]-280">[250]</a></li> <li>University curriculum – The novel is prescribed as study material for <a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Arts" title="Bachelor of Arts">B.A.</a> programmes in Malayalam offered by <a href="/wiki/Kannur_University" title="Kannur University">Kannur University</a> (2014), <a href="/wiki/Mahatma_Gandhi_University,_Kerala" title="Mahatma Gandhi University, Kerala">Mahatma Gandhi University</a> (1998, 2009), <a href="/wiki/Pondicherry_University" title="Pondicherry University">Pondicherry University</a> (2010), <a href="/wiki/University_of_Kerala" title="University of Kerala">University of Kerala</a> (1977, 1991, 1997, 2004–2012). The text of the novel is prescribed for <a href="/wiki/Master_of_Arts" title="Master of Arts">M.A.</a> programmes in Malayalam offered by <a href="/wiki/Madurai_Kamaraj_University" title="Madurai Kamaraj University">Madurai Kamaraj University</a> (1998–2008), Mahatma Gandhi University (1991–1992), University of Kerala (1984, 1977–1992, 2007, 2012, 2013) and as a reference book for M.A. programme in Malayalam offered by <a href="/wiki/University_of_Madras" title="University of Madras">University of Madras</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMadurai_Kamaraj_University8_June_20151Kannur_University6_February_20151University_of_Madras24_March_20151University_of_Kerala4_February_20151Mahatma_Gandhi_University13_May_20151Pondicherry_University_-_BA_Malayalam201014_281-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMadurai_Kamaraj_University8_June_20151Kannur_University6_February_20151University_of_Madras24_March_20151University_of_Kerala4_February_20151Mahatma_Gandhi_University13_May_20151Pondicherry_University_-_BA_Malayalam201014-281">[251]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Relevance">Relevance</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Marthandavarma_(novel)&action=edit&section=52" title="Edit section: Relevance">edit</a>]</div> Marthandavarma has the highest position among the <a href="/wiki/Malayalam_novel" title="Malayalam novel">novels in Malayalam</a>, particularly historical novels.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Si._Vi._Rāman_Piḷḷa''_by_Dr._Ayyappa_Paniker199342മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ_[Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma]-282">[252]</a> The novel attracts new readers and researchers over the time and remains as the most popular historical novel in Malayalam, thus considered as one among the classics of <a href="/wiki/Malayalam_literature" title="Malayalam literature">Malayalam literature</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Śatābdi_Praśasti''20099-283">[253]</a> The novel is noted for the excellent narrative combined with <a href="/wiki/Chivalric_romance" title="Chivalric romance">chivalric romance</a> and <a href="/wiki/Realism_(arts)" title="Realism (arts)">realism</a> respectively thru unexpected adventurous events and the historical facts than in the author's later historical novels, compared to which, the elegant romantic aspects tied with history makes the legends presented in this novel as believable.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Malayāḷanōval_Pattompatāṁ_Nūṯāṇṭil''1997104ചരിത്രനോവൽ–മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മയും_അക്ബറും_[Historical_Novel–''Marthandavarma''_and_''Akbar'']''Ādyakāla_Malayāḷanōval''201076മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ–ഒരു_പഠനം_[''Marthandavarma''–A_Study]''Caritrākhyāyikakaḷkk_Orāmukhaṁ''200926K._M._Tharakan200549,_51ഭാഗം_രണ്ട്_[Part_Two]_284-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Malayāḷanōval_Pattompatāṁ_Nūṯāṇṭil''1997104ചരിത്രനോവൽ–മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മയും_അക്ബറും_[Historical_Novel–''Marthandavarma''_and_''Akbar'']''Ādyakāla_Malayāḷanōval''201076മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ–ഒരു_പഠനം_[''Marthandavarma''–A_Study]''Caritrākhyāyikakaḷkk_Orāmukhaṁ''200926K._M._Tharakan200549,_51ഭാഗം_രണ്ട്_[Part_Two]-284">[254]</a> The sequels Dharmaraja and Ramarajabahadur could not surpass the reception of Marthandavarma.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEK._M._George199896The_Novel-285">[255]</a> The novel is also the subject in the marketing of other historical novels. <a href="/wiki/D._C._Books" class="mw-redirect" title="D. C. Books">D. C. Books</a>, in one of their advertisements for novel Atijīvanaṁ by Ettumanoor Somadasan, states that there would not be any <a href="/wiki/Malayali" class="mw-redirect" title="Malayali">Malayali</a> who has not read the novel Marthandavarma.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTED_C_Books2013-286">[256]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Marthandavarma_(novel)&action=edit&section=53" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><a href="/wiki/File:Book_collection.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Book_collection.jpg/32px-Book_collection.jpg" decoding="async" width="32" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Book_collection.jpg/48px-Book_collection.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Book_collection.jpg/64px-Book_collection.jpg 2x" data-file-width="299" data-file-height="238" /></a><a href="/wiki/Portal:Novels" title="Portal:Novels">Novels portal</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ettara_Yogam" title="Ettara Yogam">Ettara Yogam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurup_of_Travancore" title="Kurup of Travancore">Kurup of Travancore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koyi_Thampuran" title="Koyi Thampuran">Koyi Thampuran</a></li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Marthandavarma_(novel)&action=edit&section=54" title="Edit section: Notes">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><div class="side-box metadata side-box-right noprint selfref"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Multiple-scripts-vertical.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Multiple-scripts-vertical.png/32px-Multiple-scripts-vertical.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="306" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Multiple-scripts-vertical.png/48px-Multiple-scripts-vertical.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6c/Multiple-scripts-vertical.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="612" /></a></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">This section contains text in <a href="/wiki/Devanagari" title="Devanagari">Devanagari</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tamil_script" title="Tamil script">Tamil</a>, <a href="/wiki/Malayalam_script" title="Malayalam script">Malayalam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kannada_script" title="Kannada script">Kannada</a>, <a href="/wiki/Telugu_script" title="Telugu script">Telugu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gujarati_script" title="Gujarati script">Gujarati</a>, <a href="/wiki/Odia_script" title="Odia script">Odia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bengali_alphabet" title="Bengali alphabet">Bengali</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nastaliq" title="Nastaliq">Nastaliq</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Hebrew_script" class="mw-redirect" title="Hebrew script">Hebrew</a> scripts. Without proper <a href="/wiki/Help:Multilingual_support" title="Help:Multilingual support">rendering support</a>, you may see <a href="/wiki/Mojibake" title="Mojibake">question marks or boxes</a>, misplaced vowels or missing conjuncts instead of the respective scripts, due to failed rendering of glyphs in the respective scripts. To be able to correctly view these text requires that you may have the appropriate fonts installed and have correctly configured your operating system and browser.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-upper-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-IndoHistoNovelsNote-50"><a href="#cite_ref-IndoHistoNovelsNote_50-0">^</a> 1. <a href="/wiki/Bengali_language" title="Bengali language">Bengali</a>: অঙ্গুরীয় বিনিময়, anguriyô binimôy (1862, Anguriya Binimaya by <a href="/wiki/Bhudev_Mukhopadhyay" title="Bhudev Mukhopadhyay">Bhudev Mukhopadhyay</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Constitutional_languages''198983The_Written_Languages_of_India_:_Bengali-44">[43]</a>) or <a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%80" class="extiw" title="bn:দুর্গেশনন্দিনী">দুর্গেশনন্দিনী</a>, durgeshnôndini (1865, <a href="/wiki/Durgeshnandini" title="Durgeshnandini">Durgeshnandini</a> by <a href="/wiki/Bankim_Chandra_Chattopadhyay" class="mw-redirect" title="Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay">Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''History_of_Indian_Literature''_Vol_I2005199,_292The_Novel-45">[44]</a>), 2. <a href="/wiki/Gujarati_language" title="Gujarati language">Gujarati</a>: <a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%95%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A3_%E0%AA%98%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B2%E0%AB%8B" class="extiw" title="gu:કરણ ઘેલો">કરણ ઘેલો</a>, karaṇ ghēlō (1866, <a href="/wiki/Karan_Ghelo" title="Karan Ghelo">Karan Ghelo</a> by <a href="/wiki/Nandshankar_Mehta" title="Nandshankar Mehta">Nandshankar Tuljashankar Mehta</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVohra2015Herzberger2015-46">[45]</a>), 3. <a href="/wiki/Marathi_language" title="Marathi language">Marathi</a>: मोचनगड, mōcanagaḍ (1871, Mochanagad by <a href="/wiki/Ramchandra_Bhikaji_Gunjikar" title="Ramchandra Bhikaji Gunjikar">Ramchandra Bhikaji Gunjikar</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''History_of_Indian_Literature''_Vol_I2005201The_Novel''Handbook_of_Twentieth-Century_Literatures_of_India''1996213Twentieth-Century_Marathi_Literature-47">[46]</a>), 4. <a href="/wiki/Odia_language" title="Odia language">Odia</a>: ପଦ୍ମମାଲୀ, padmamāḷī (1888, Padmamali by Umesh Chandra Sarkar<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''The_Historical_Novel_in_Oriya''198242–49Rise_of_the_Historical_Novel_in_Orissa,_Evolution_of_the_Historical_Novel_in_Oriya_Literature_:_''Padmamali''''Makers_of_Modern_Orissa''199684Fakir_Mohan_Senapati_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''The_Historical_Novel_in_Oriya''198242–49Rise_of_the_Historical_Novel_in_Orissa,_Evolution_of_the_Historical_Novel_in_Oriya_Literature_:_''Padmamali''''Makers_of_Modern_Orissa''199684Fakir_Mohan_Senapati-48">[47]</a>), 5. <a href="/wiki/Urdu_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Urdu language">Urdu</a>: ملک العزیز ورجنا, malikuʹl-ʻazīz varjinā, (1888, ملک [عبد] العزیز ورجنا, Malik-ul-Aziz Varjina by <a href="/wiki/Abdul_Halim_Sharar" title="Abdul Halim Sharar">Abdul Halim Sharar</a> <a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''History_of_Indian_Literature''_Vol_I2005291The_NovelYousaf2001-49">[48]</a>), 6. <a href="/wiki/Malayalam_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Malayalam language">Malayalam</a>: മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മാ, māṟttāṇḍavaṟmmā (1891, Marthandavarma). </li> <li id="cite_note-EarlyDravidNovelsNote-54"><a href="#cite_ref-EarlyDravidNovelsNote_54-0">^</a> 1. 1891–Marthandavarma (<a href="/wiki/Malayalam_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Malayalam language">Malayalam</a>: മാൎത്താണ്ഡവൎമ്മാ, māṟttāṇḍavaṟmmā) 2. 1892–Suryakantha (<a href="/wiki/Kannada_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Kannada language">Kannada</a>: ಸೂರ್ಯಕಾಂತಾ, sūryakāṁtā) by Lakshman Gadagkar,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''History_of_Indian_Literature''_Vol_I2005289The_Novel''Modern_Kannada_Literature''1992169-51">[49]</a> 3. 1895–Mohanangi (<a href="/wiki/Tamil_language" title="Tamil language">Tamil</a>: <a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%99%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BF_(%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D)" class="extiw" title="ta:மோகனாங்கி (புதினம்)">மோகனாங்கி</a>, mōkaṉāṅki) by T. T. Saravanamuthu Pillai,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''History_of_Indian_Literature''_Vol_I2005290The_Novel''Modern_Tamil_Literature''1992383-52">[50]</a> 4. 1896–Hemalata (<a href="/wiki/Telugu_language" title="Telugu language">Telugu</a>: <a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B9%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%A4_(%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B2)" class="extiw" title="te:హేమలత (నవల)">హేమలత</a>, hēmalata) by <a href="/wiki/Chilakamarti_Lakshmi_Narasimham" title="Chilakamarti Lakshmi Narasimham">Chilakamarti Lakshmi Narasimham</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''History_of_Indian_Literature''_Vol_I200529121,_55The_Novel._.._a_fertile_ground_for_historical_novels_introduced_by_Chilakamarti_Lakshminarasimham..Narasiṃha_Rao1993_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''History_of_Indian_Literature''_Vol_I200529121,_55The_Novel._.._a_fertile_ground_for_historical_novels_introduced_by_Chilakamarti_Lakshminarasimham..Narasiṃha_Rao1993-53">[51]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-PubliNote-61"><a href="#cite_ref-PubliNote_61-0">^</a> The Little Prince Publications, <a href="/wiki/Kerala_Sahitya_Akademi" title="Kerala Sahitya Akademi">Kerala Sahitya Akademi</a>, Rachana Books, Chintha Publishers, and Lal Books released their editions in 1983, 1999, 2009, 2010, and 2016 respectively.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma''_[Variorum_Edn.]1983''Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma''_[KSA_Edn.]1999''Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma''_[Rachana_Edn.]2009''Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma''_[Chintha_Edn.]2013''Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma''_[Lal_Edn.]2016_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma''_[Variorum_Edn.]1983''Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma''_[KSA_Edn.]1999''Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma''_[Rachana_Edn.]2009''Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma''_[Chintha_Edn.]2013''Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma''_[Lal_Edn.]2016-60">[56]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-InduRelNote-74"><a href="#cite_ref-InduRelNote_74-0">^</a> Though <a href="/wiki/Indulekha_(novel)" title="Indulekha (novel)">Indulekha</a> novel was reportedly published in 1889, its author, <a href="/wiki/O._Chandumenon" class="mw-redirect" title="O. Chandumenon">O. Chandumenon</a> confirms that the novel was available for sale only by January 1890.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChandumenon199513ഇന്ദുലേഖ_രണ്ടാം_അച്ചടിപ്പിന്റെ_അവതാരിക_[Introduction_of_''Indulekha'',_second_print]-73">[67]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-EarlyNovelsNote-78"><a href="#cite_ref-EarlyNovelsNote_78-0">^</a> 1. <a href="/wiki/Kundalatha" title="Kundalatha">Kundalatha</a> (കുന്ദലത, Kundalata) in 1887 by <a href="/wiki/Appu_Nedungadi" title="Appu Nedungadi">Appu Nedungadi</a>,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Malayāḷa_Sāhityacaritraṁ''2010122നോവൽ_[Novel]''The_Hindu''5_October_2010-72">[66]</a> 2. <a href="/wiki/Indulekha_(novel)" title="Indulekha (novel)">Indulekha</a> (ഇന്ദുലേഖ, Indulēkha) in 1889<a href="#cite_note-InduRelNote-74">[D]</a> by <a href="/wiki/Oyyarathu_Chandu_Menon" title="Oyyarathu Chandu Menon">O. Chandu Menon</a>,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Nōvalsāhityaṁ''1991123ഭാഷാനോവൽ–ഒ._ചന്തുമേനോൻ_[Novel_in_Language_–_O._Chandumenon]''The_Hindu''31_January_2012-75">[68]</a> 3. Indumathee Swayamvaram (ഇന്ദുമതീസ്വയംവരം, Indumatīsvayaṁvaraṁ) in 1890 by Padinjare Kovilakathu Ammaman Raja,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Treasures_of_Malayalam_Literature_from_Europe''July_198195–96-76">[69]</a> 4. Meenakshi (മീനാക്ഷി, Mīṉākṣi) in 1890 by Cheruvalathu Chathu Nair.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Ādyakāla_Malayāḷanōval''201062മീനാക്ഷി_[''Meenakshi'']-77">[70]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-SansFlawNote-80"><a href="#cite_ref-SansFlawNote_80-0">^</a> Manōsukhaṁ, Manōkāṭhinyaṁ (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1094882035">.mw-parser-output .script-Cprt{font-size:1.25em;font-family:"Segoe UI Historic","Noto Sans Cypriot",Code2001}.mw-parser-output .script-Hano{font-size:125%;font-family:"Noto Sans Hanunoo",FreeSerif,Quivira}.mw-parser-output .script-Latf,.mw-parser-output .script-de-Latf{font-size:1.25em;font-family:"Breitkopf Fraktur",UnifrakturCook,UniFrakturMaguntia,MarsFraktur,"MarsFraktur OT",KochFraktur,"KochFraktur OT",OffenbacherSchwabOT,"LOB.AlteSchwabacher","LOV.AlteSchwabacher","LOB.AtlantisFraktur","LOV.AtlantisFraktur","LOB.BreitkopfFraktur","LOV.BreitkopfFraktur","LOB.FetteFraktur","LOV.FetteFraktur","LOB.Fraktur3","LOV.Fraktur3","LOB.RochFraktur","LOV.RochFraktur","LOB.PostFraktur","LOV.PostFraktur","LOB.RuelhscheFraktur","LOV.RuelhscheFraktur","LOB.RungholtFraktur","LOV.RungholtFraktur","LOB.TheuerbankFraktur","LOV.TheuerbankFraktur","LOB.VinetaFraktur","LOV.VinetaFraktur","LOB.WalbaumFraktur","LOV.WalbaumFraktur","LOB.WeberMainzerFraktur","LOV.WeberMainzerFraktur","LOB.WieynckFraktur","LOV.WieynckFraktur","LOB.ZentenarFraktur","LOV.ZentenarFraktur"}.mw-parser-output .script-en-Latf{font-size:1.25em;font-family:Cankama,"Old English Text MT","Textura Libera","Textura Libera Tenuis",London}.mw-parser-output .script-it-Latf{font-size:1.25em;font-family:"Rotunda Pommerania",Rotunda,"Typographer Rotunda"}.mw-parser-output .script-Lina{font-size:1.25em;font-family:"Noto Sans Linear A"}.mw-parser-output .script-Linb{font-size:1.25em;font-family:"Noto Sans Linear B"}.mw-parser-output .script-Ugar{font-size:1.25em;font-family:"Segoe UI Historic","Noto Sans Ugaritic",Aegean}.mw-parser-output .script-Xpeo{font-size:1.25em;font-family:"Segoe UI Historic","Noto Sans Old Persian",Artaxerxes,Xerxes,Aegean}</style>മനോസുഖം, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1094882035">മനോകാഠിന്യം) instead of the correct ones manassukhaṁ, manaḥkāṭhinyaṁ (മനസ്സുഖം, മനഃകാഠിന്യം.)<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''C._V._Raman_Pilla''2014116മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മയിലൂടെ_[Through_''Marthandavarma'']-79">[71]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-KvStyleNote-162"><a href="#cite_ref-KvStyleNote_162-0">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Malayalam_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Malayalam language">Malayalam</a>: കിർമ്മീരവധരീതി, <a href="/wiki/Literal_translation" title="Literal translation">lit.</a> 'method of slaying <a href="/wiki/Kirmira" title="Kirmira">Kirmira</a>'<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Ramarajabahadur''20099മുഖവുര_[Address]-161">[151]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-MvStyleNote-165"><a href="#cite_ref-MvStyleNote_165-0">^</a> Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmmārīti (<a href="/wiki/Malayalam_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Malayalam language">Malayalam</a>: മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മാരീതി, <a href="/wiki/Literal_translation" title="Literal translation">lit.</a> 'Marthandavarma-method', Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma-rīti)<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEM._P._Paul200525ഭാഷാഗദ്യശൈലി_[Prose-style_of_language]-164">[153]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-MacodeNote1-168"><a href="#cite_ref-MacodeNote1_168-0">^</a> Mancode is a village in <a href="/wiki/Vilavancode_taluk" title="Vilavancode taluk">Vilavancode taluk</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kanniyakumari_district" class="mw-redirect" title="Kanniyakumari district">Kanniyakumari district</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-ChulliyurNote1-170"><a href="#cite_ref-ChulliyurNote1_170-0">^</a> Chulliyur is a locality in the <a href="/wiki/Perumkadavila" class="mw-redirect" title="Perumkadavila">Perumkadavila</a> Panchayat in the <a href="/wiki/Neyyattinkara_taluk" title="Neyyattinkara taluk">Neyyattinkara taluk</a> of <a href="/wiki/Thiruvananthapuram_district" title="Thiruvananthapuram district">Thiruvananthapuram district</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-PrasnamNote-191"><a href="#cite_ref-PrasnamNote_191-0">^</a> An astrological practice that prevails in Kerala; in which specially selected conch shells are used for conclusions based on <a href="/wiki/Zodiac" title="Zodiac">zodiacal</a> positions.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPrasnam2013-190">[176]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-MashiNotNote-196"><a href="#cite_ref-MashiNotNote_196-0">^</a> Mashinottam is an Indian clairvoyant practice, which includes gazing on the ink laid smooth surface to view the matters that are sought.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMashinottam2010-195">[180]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-AkavoorNote-199"><a href="#cite_ref-AkavoorNote_199-0">^</a> Akavoor Mana was a house of <a href="/wiki/Namboothiri" class="mw-redirect" title="Namboothiri">namboothiries</a> situated at Vellarappilly near <a href="/wiki/Kalady" title="Kalady">Kalady</a> of Ernakulam district; some of the members of family were <a href="/wiki/Ascetic" class="mw-redirect" title="Ascetic">ascetics</a> devoted to prayers, meditation, and <a href="/wiki/Tantric_arts" class="mw-redirect" title="Tantric arts">Thaanthric rites</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAkavoor_Narayanan2005-198">[182]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-KhadyaNote-219"><a href="#cite_ref-KhadyaNote_219-0">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Sanskrit_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Sanskrit language">Sanskrit</a>: खाद्यपेयलेह्यभोज्य, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1094882035">ഖാദ്യപേയലേഹ്യഭോജ്യ </li> <li id="cite_note-TejaNote-220"><a href="#cite_ref-TejaNote_220-0">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Malayalam_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Malayalam language">Malayalam</a>: തേജഃപുഞ്ജം, a form of <a href="/wiki/Sanskrit_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Sanskrit language">Sanskrit</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1094882035">तेजःपुञ्ज, tējaḥpuñja </li> <li id="cite_note-NayakiNote-222"><a href="#cite_ref-NayakiNote_222-0">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Tamil_language" title="Tamil language">Tamil</a>: நாயகி, <a href="/wiki/Malayalam_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Malayalam language">Malayalam</a>: നായകി </li> <li id="cite_note-NayikaNote-223"><a href="#cite_ref-NayikaNote_223-0">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Malayalam_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Malayalam language">Malayalam</a>: നായിക, adapted from <a href="/wiki/Sanskrit_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Sanskrit language">Sanskrit</a>: नायिका, <a href="/wiki/Literal_translation" title="Literal translation">lit.</a> 'the lady who leads', nāyikā </li> <li id="cite_note-SatanNote-225"><a href="#cite_ref-SatanNote_225-0">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Hindi_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Hindi language">Hindi</a>: शैतान, شیطون, analogous to <a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>: شیطون, <a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Arabic" title="Romanization of Arabic">romanized</a>: šayṭān rooted from the <a href="/wiki/Hebrew_language" title="Hebrew language">Hebrew</a>: שָׂטָן, <a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Hebrew" title="Romanization of Hebrew">romanized</a>: śāṭān. </li> <li id="cite_note-BahadurNote-226"><a href="#cite_ref-BahadurNote_226-0">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Hindi_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Hindi language">Hindi</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1094882035">बहादुर, <span class="Nastaliq" dir="rtl" title="Nastaliq" style="font-family: 'Jameel Noori Nastaleeq', 'Urdu Typesetting', 'Noto Nastaliq Urdu', 'Noto Nastaliq Urdu Draft', 'Hussaini Nastaleeq', 'AlQalam Taj Nastaleeq', IranNastaliq, 'Awami Nastaliq', 'Awami Nastaliq Beta3', 'Awami Nastaliq Beta2', 'Awami Nastaliq Beta1', 'Nafees Nastaleeq', 'Nafees Nastaleeq v1.01', 'Pak Nastaleeq', 'PDMS_Jauhar', 'Alvi Lahori Nastaleeq'; font-size: 110%; font-style: normal;">بهادر adapted from the <a href="/wiki/Persian_language" title="Persian language">Persian</a>: بهادر, <a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Persian" title="Romanization of Persian">romanized</a>: bahadur rooted from the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Turkish_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Ottoman Turkish language">Ottoman Turkish</a>: بهادر, <a href="/wiki/Turkish_language" title="Turkish language">Turkish</a>: baghatur, bahadır. </li> <li id="cite_note-ShalNote-228"><a href="#cite_ref-ShalNote_228-0">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Persian_language" title="Persian language">Persian</a>: شال </li> <li id="cite_note-KamNote-230"><a href="#cite_ref-KamNote_230-0">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Hindi_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Hindi language">Hindi</a>: कम, <a href="/wiki/Literal_translation" title="Literal translation">lit.</a> 'less' </li> <li id="cite_note-KhwabNote-231"><a href="#cite_ref-KhwabNote_231-0">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Hindi_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Hindi language">Hindi</a>: ख्वाब, <a href="/wiki/Literal_translation" title="Literal translation">lit.</a> 'dream' analogous to <a href="/wiki/Hindi_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Hindi language">Hindi</a>: ख़्वाब, <a href="/wiki/Urdu_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Urdu language">Urdu</a>: خواب, <a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Urdu" class="mw-redirect" title="Romanization of Urdu">romanized</a>: xvāb rooted from the <a href="/wiki/Persian_language" title="Persian language">Persian</a>: خواب, <a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Persian" title="Romanization of Persian">romanized</a>: xâb. </li> <li id="cite_note-NazhiNote-233"><a href="#cite_ref-NazhiNote_233-0">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Malayalam_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Malayalam language">Malayalam</a>: നാഴിക, nāḻika </li> <li id="cite_note-CVVyakyNote-236"><a href="#cite_ref-CVVyakyNote_236-0">^</a> C. V. Vyakhyanakosham is a lexicographic work in four volumes published by C. V. Raman Pillai National Foundation during 1994–2004, comprising explanations and interpretations of words, phrases, idioms used by <a href="/wiki/C._V._Raman_Pillai" title="C. V. Raman Pillai">C. V. Raman Pillai</a> in his literary works, four novels and nine farces, which include Marthandavarma.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''My_Dear_Ayyappaji''201322-235">[208]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-TrilogyNote-266"><a href="#cite_ref-TrilogyNote_266-0">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Malayalam_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Malayalam language">Malayalam</a>: സി. വി. രാമൻപിള്ളയുടെ നോവൽത്രയം, <a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Malayalam" class="mw-redirect" title="Romanization of Malayalam">romanized</a>: Si.Vi. Rāmanpiḷḷayuṭe Nōvaltrayaṁ<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBalanandan201057–58സി.വി.രാമൻപിള്ളയുടെ_നോവൽത്രയം_[C._V._Raman_Pillai's_Novel_Trilogy]-264">[235]</a> They are also known as C. V. yude Charithrakhyayikakal (<a href="/wiki/Malayalam_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Malayalam language">Malayalam</a>: സിവിയുടെ ചരിത്രാഖ്യായികകൾ, <a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Malayalam" class="mw-redirect" title="Romanization of Malayalam">romanized</a>: Siviyuṭe Caritrākhyāyikakaḷ, <a href="/wiki/Literal_translation" title="Literal translation">lit.</a> 'CV's Historic Narratives').<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Caritrākhyāyikakaḷkk_Orāmukhaṁ''200915-265">[236]</a> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Biographical_notes">Biographical notes</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Marthandavarma_(novel)&action=edit&section=55" title="Edit section: Biographical notes">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-lower-roman"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-NRPillaiNote-27"><a href="#cite_ref-NRPillaiNote_27-0">^</a> N. Raman Pillai (1864–?), the eldest among the sons of <a href="/wiki/Nanoo_Pillai" title="Nanoo Pillai">Dewan Nanoo Pillay</a>, studied at <a href="/wiki/Maharaja%27s_College,_Thiruvananthapuram" class="mw-redirect" title="Maharaja's College, Thiruvananthapuram">Maharaja's College Trivandrum</a> in 1882, during when he was expelled from Travancore along with <a href="/wiki/G.parameswaran_pillai" class="mw-redirect" title="G.parameswaran pillai">G. Parameswaran Pillai</a> and R. Ranga Rao (son of <a href="/wiki/R._Raghunatha_Rao" title="R. Raghunatha Rao">R. Raghunatha Rao</a>), after alleged to be behind an article against the then Dewan <a href="/wiki/Rama_Iyengar" class="mw-redirect" title="Rama Iyengar">Rama Iyengar</a>, later completed B. A. from <a href="/wiki/Madras_Christian_College" title="Madras Christian College">Madras Christian College</a>; during when, he made his contributions to the manuscripts of Marthandavarma before passing those to the printers, Messrs. Addison & Co.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Dewan_Nanoo_Pillay''197487–89Life_after_retirementN._Balakrishnan_Nair1951vi–viiമുഖവുര_[Introduction]-26">[26]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-KSRamNote-56"><a href="#cite_ref-KSRamNote_56-0">^</a> Kulakkunnathu S. Raman Menon (1877–1925), who hails from <a href="/wiki/Mayannur" title="Mayannur">Mayannur</a> near <a href="/wiki/Ottapalam" title="Ottapalam">Ottapalam</a> was a school teacher at Trivandrum, where he established the publishing house BāṣābhiVaṟdhini Book Depot alias B. V. Book Depot in 1902 for the printing of academic books, later started Kamalalaya Printing Press in 1918, and known as B. V. Book Depot and Kamalalaya Printing Works to become the leading book publisher and printer in Travancore, and published the works of <a href="/wiki/C._V._Raman_Pillai" title="C. V. Raman Pillai">C. V. Raman Pillai</a>, after acquiring the copyrights.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPerunna_K._N._Nair19843,_22കുളക്കുന്നത്തു_രാമമേനോൻ_[Kulakkunnathu_Raman_Menon]''History_of_Indian_Literature''_Vol_II200627-55">[52]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-BKMNote-64"><a href="#cite_ref-BKMNote_64-0">^</a> B. K. Menon (1907–1950) was a writer in Malayalam and English who did the first English translation of Marthandavarma novel, due to the persuation of his friend P. Narayanan Nair, the then manager of Kamalalaya Printing Works.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEB.K._Menon1936i–viiPrema_Jayakumar19989–10-63">[58]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-KanJanBioNote-240"><a href="#cite_ref-KanJanBioNote_240-0">^</a> Kannan Janardhanan (1885–1955), was a journalist and writer in Malayalam known under his real name, <a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%9C%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A6%E0%B4%A8_%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8B%E0%B5%BB" class="extiw" title="ml:കുന്നത്ത് ജനാർദ്ദന മേനോൻ">Kunnath Janardhana Menon</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVasu_Thilleri201329V_Sivadasan201276-238">[210]</a> He authored the abridged version of <a href="/wiki/C._V._Raman_Pillai" title="C. V. Raman Pillai">C. V. Raman Pillai</a>'s Marthandavarma followed by that of Dharmaraja, both of which were published posthumously under the pen name Kannan Janardhanan in 1964 and 1968 respectively.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Marthandavarma''_[Abridged]1964Colophon''Dharmaraja''_[Abridged]1968Colophon,_1മുഖവുര_[Address]-239">[211]</a> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Marthandavarma_(novel)&action=edit&section=56" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENagam_Aiya1906318–319Chapter_VI-1"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENagam_Aiya1906318–319Chapter_VI_1-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFNagam_Aiya1906">Nagam Aiya (1906)</a>, pp. 318–319, Chapter VI. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEIbrahim_Kunju199016പതിനേഴാം_നൂറ്റാണ്ടിലെ_വേണാടു_രാഷ്ട്രീയം_[Venadu_politics_in_seventeenth_century]-2"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIbrahim_Kunju199016പതിനേഴാം_നൂറ്റാണ്ടിലെ_വേണാടു_രാഷ്ട്രീയം_[Venadu_politics_in_seventeenth_century]_2-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFIbrahim_Kunju1990">Ibrahim Kunju (1990)</a>, p. 16, പതിനേഴാം നൂറ്റാണ്ടിലെ വേണാടു രാഷ്ട്രീയം [Venadu politics in seventeenth century]. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEShangoony_Menon1879107-3"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEShangoony_Menon1879107_3-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFShangoony_Menon1879">Shangoony Menon (1879)</a>, p. 107..all the organized forces of the able and wise commander Kerala Vurmah, which had been maintained by Revi Vurmah, during his reign of thirty-four years, were disbanded or scattered over the country, or took services under the feudatory chiefs. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENagam_Aiya1906327,_333–334Chapter_VIShangoony_Menon1879109Chapter_I-4"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENagam_Aiya1906327,_333–334Chapter_VIShangoony_Menon1879109Chapter_I_4-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFNagam_Aiya1906">Nagam Aiya (1906)</a>, pp. 327, 333–334, Chapter VI; <a href="#CITEREFShangoony_Menon1879">Shangoony Menon (1879)</a>, p. 109, Chapter I. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEShangoony_Menon1879107Chapter_I-5"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEShangoony_Menon1879107Chapter_I_5-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFShangoony_Menon1879">Shangoony Menon (1879)</a>, p. 107, Chapter I...Ettu Veettil Pillamar and Madempimar, in their turn became inveterate enemies of the prince, and began to seek measures for his destruction. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEShangoony_Menon1879109Chapter_I-6"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEShangoony_Menon1879109Chapter_I_6-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFShangoony_Menon1879">Shangoony Menon (1879)</a>, p. 109, Chapter I. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEVelu_Pillai1940271Modern_History-7"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVelu_Pillai1940271Modern_History_7-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFVelu_Pillai1940">Velu Pillai (1940)</a>, p. 271, Modern History..the well established custom that the rule of succession in the royal family was Maŕumakkaťhāyam and not Makkaťhāyam. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEShangoony_Menon1879116Chapter_II-8"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEShangoony_Menon1879116Chapter_II_8-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFShangoony_Menon1879">Shangoony Menon (1879)</a>, p. 116, Chapter II..considering them proper instruments for overthrowing the royal authority, they persuaded them to claim their father's throne;... </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma:_Caritravuṁ_Kalpanayuṁ''2009103-9"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma:_Caritravuṁ_Kalpanayuṁ''2009103_9-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMāṟttāṇḍavaṟmma:_Caritravuṁ_Kalpanayuṁ2009">Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma: Caritravuṁ Kalpanayuṁ (2009)</a>, p. 103. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Kathākālaṁ;_saṁbhavasthalaṅṅaḷ''2009126–127-10">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Kathākālaṁ;_saṁbhavasthalaṅṅaḷ''2009126–127_10-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Kathākālaṁ;_saṁbhavasthalaṅṅaḷ''2009126–127_10-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFKathākālaṁ;_saṁbhavasthalaṅṅaḷ2009">Kathākālaṁ; saṁbhavasthalaṅṅaḷ (2009)</a>, pp. 126–127. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Rasāviṣkaraṇaṁ_Si.Vi.Nōvalukaḷil''201354''Ādyakāla_Malayāḷanōval''201077മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ–ഒരു_പഠനം_[''Marthandavarma''–A_Study]''Śatābdi_Praśasti''200913-11"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Rasāviṣkaraṇaṁ_Si.Vi.Nōvalukaḷil''201354''Ādyakāla_Malayāḷanōval''201077മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ–ഒരു_പഠനം_[''Marthandavarma''–A_Study]''Śatābdi_Praśasti''200913_11-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFRasāviṣkaraṇaṁ_Si.Vi.Nōvalukaḷil2013">Rasāviṣkaraṇaṁ Si.Vi.Nōvalukaḷil (2013)</a>, p. 54; <a href="#CITEREFĀdyakāla_Malayāḷanōval2010">Ādyakāla Malayāḷanōval (2010)</a>, p. 77, മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ–ഒരു പഠനം [Marthandavarma–A Study]; <a href="#CITEREFŚatābdi_Praśasti2009">Śatābdi Praśasti (2009)</a>, p. 13. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFirst_Edn.1891O._Krishna_Pillai1954-12"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFirst_Edn.1891O._Krishna_Pillai1954_12-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFFirst_Edn.1891">First Edn. (1891)</a>; <a href="#CITEREFO._Krishna_Pillai1954">O. Krishna Pillai (1954)</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKamalalaya_edn.1971''Marthandavarma''_[Abridged]1964''Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma''_[SPCS_Edn.]1973''Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma''_[SPCS_Edn.]1991-13"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKamalalaya_edn.1971''Marthandavarma''_[Abridged]1964''Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma''_[SPCS_Edn.]1973''Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma''_[SPCS_Edn.]1991_13-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFKamalalaya_edn.1971">Kamalalaya edn. (1971)</a>; <a href="#CITEREFMarthandavarma_[Abridged]1964">Marthandavarma [Abridged] (1964)</a>; <a href="#CITEREFMāṟttāṇḍavaṟmma_[SPCS_Edn.]1973">Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma [SPCS Edn.] (1973)</a>; <a href="#CITEREFMāṟttāṇḍavaṟmma_[SPCS_Edn.]1991">Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma [SPCS Edn.] (1991)</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDefinitive_Variorum1992''Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma''_[Poorna_Edn.]1983-14"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDefinitive_Variorum1992''Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma''_[Poorna_Edn.]1983_14-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFDefinitive_Variorum1992">Definitive Variorum (1992)</a>; <a href="#CITEREFMāṟttāṇḍavaṟmma_[Poorna_Edn.]1983">Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma [Poorna Edn.] (1983)</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Si._Vi._Rāman_Piḷḷa''_by_Dr._Ayyappa_Paniker199322വ്യക്തിജീവിതം_[Personal_Life]-15"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Si._Vi._Rāman_Piḷḷa''_by_Dr._Ayyappa_Paniker199322വ്യക്തിജീവിതം_[Personal_Life]_15-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSi._Vi._Rāman_Piḷḷa_by_Dr._Ayyappa_Paniker1993">Si. Vi. Rāman Piḷḷa by Dr. Ayyappa Paniker (1993)</a>, p. 22, വ്യക്തിജീവിതം [Personal Life]. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEN._Balakrishnan_Nair195119നവോത്ഥാനത്തിന്റെ_കിരണങ്ങൾ_[Rays_of_Renaissance]N._Balakrishnan_Nair195141–42ഉയർച്ചയ്ക്കുള്ള_വൈഷമ്യങ്ങൾ_[Difficulties_for_Ascension]-16"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEN._Balakrishnan_Nair195119നവോത്ഥാനത്തിന്റെ_കിരണങ്ങൾ_[Rays_of_Renaissance]N._Balakrishnan_Nair195141–42ഉയർച്ചയ്ക്കുള്ള_വൈഷമ്യങ്ങൾ_[Difficulties_for_Ascension]_16-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFN._Balakrishnan_Nair1951">N. Balakrishnan Nair (1951)</a>, p. 19, നവോത്ഥാനത്തിന്റെ കിരണങ്ങൾ [Rays of Renaissance]; <a href="#CITEREFN._Balakrishnan_Nair1951">N. Balakrishnan Nair (1951)</a>, pp. 41–42, ഉയർച്ചയ്ക്കുള്ള വൈഷമ്യങ്ങൾ [Difficulties for Ascension]. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEN._Balakrishnan_Nair195169ഗുമസ്തന്റെ_പൗരുഷം_[Valor_of_Clerk]-17">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEN._Balakrishnan_Nair195169ഗുമസ്തന്റെ_പൗരുഷം_[Valor_of_Clerk]_17-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEN._Balakrishnan_Nair195169ഗുമസ്തന്റെ_പൗരുഷം_[Valor_of_Clerk]_17-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFN._Balakrishnan_Nair1951">N. Balakrishnan Nair (1951)</a>, p. 69, ഗുമസ്തന്റെ പൗരുഷം [Valor of Clerk]. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''C._V._Raman_Pilla''201498വിവാഹം_[Wedding]-18"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''C._V._Raman_Pilla''201498വിവാഹം_[Wedding]_18-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFC._V._Raman_Pilla2014">C. V. Raman Pilla (2014)</a>, p. 98, വിവാഹം [Wedding]. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''C._V._Raman_Pilla''2014119മലയാളി_മെമ്മോറിയൽ_[Malayāḷi_Memorial]N._Balakrishnan_Nair195177രണ്ടു_കാര്യങ്ങൾ_[Two_affairs]-19"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''C._V._Raman_Pilla''2014119മലയാളി_മെമ്മോറിയൽ_[Malayāḷi_Memorial]N._Balakrishnan_Nair195177രണ്ടു_കാര്യങ്ങൾ_[Two_affairs]_19-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFC._V._Raman_Pilla2014">C. V. Raman Pilla (2014)</a>, p. 119, മലയാളി മെമ്മോറിയൽ [Malayāḷi Memorial]. 1889-ൽ സി.വി. നിയമപരീക്ഷ സംബന്ധിച്ചു മദ്രാസിൽ താമസിച്ചപ്പോഴാണ്...[When C.V. stayed at Madras for law examination in 1889...]; <a href="#CITEREFN._Balakrishnan_Nair1951">N. Balakrishnan Nair (1951)</a>, p. 77, രണ്ടു കാര്യങ്ങൾ [Two affairs]. കൊല്ലവർഷം 1065 കുംഭം പത്താംതീയതി മുതൽ സി. വി. രാമൻപിള്ളയ്ക്കു നിയമാദ്ധ്യയനത്തിനായി ആറു മാസത്തെ അവധി അനുവദിക്കപ്പെട്ടു [C. V. Raman Pillai was granted leave of six months from Kuṁbhaṁ 10, Kollavarsham 1065 for the study of law.] </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDefinitive_Variorum20098-20"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDefinitive_Variorum20098_20-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFDefinitive_Variorum2009">Definitive Variorum (2009)</a>, p. 8. മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ എഴുതിയ കാലത്തെ സി.വി.യുടെ ചിത്രം [photograph of C.V. during the period of writing Marthandavarma] </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMalayankeezh_Gopalakrishnan200784–85പാരമ്പര്യത്തിന്റെ_യവനിക_പിച്ചിച്ചീന്താൻ_രണ്ട്_സ്വാമിമാർ_[Two_masters_to_tore_the_screen_of_tradition]-21">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMalayankeezh_Gopalakrishnan200784–85പാരമ്പര്യത്തിന്റെ_യവനിക_പിച്ചിച്ചീന്താൻ_രണ്ട്_സ്വാമിമാർ_[Two_masters_to_tore_the_screen_of_tradition]_21-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMalayankeezh_Gopalakrishnan200784–85പാരമ്പര്യത്തിന്റെ_യവനിക_പിച്ചിച്ചീന്താൻ_രണ്ട്_സ്വാമിമാർ_[Two_masters_to_tore_the_screen_of_tradition]_21-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFMalayankeezh_Gopalakrishnan2007">Malayankeezh Gopalakrishnan (2007)</a>, pp. 84–85, പാരമ്പര്യത്തിന്റെ യവനിക പിച്ചിച്ചീന്താൻ രണ്ട് സ്വാമിമാർ [Two masters to tore the screen of tradition]. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''C._V._Raman_Pilla''2014100മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ_നിർമ്മിതിയും_പ്രസിദ്ധീകരണവും_[''Marthandavarma''_:_Creation_and_Publication]-22">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''C._V._Raman_Pilla''2014100മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ_നിർമ്മിതിയും_പ്രസിദ്ധീകരണവും_[''Marthandavarma''_:_Creation_and_Publication]_22-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''C._V._Raman_Pilla''2014100മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ_നിർമ്മിതിയും_പ്രസിദ്ധീകരണവും_[''Marthandavarma''_:_Creation_and_Publication]_22-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFC._V._Raman_Pilla2014">C. V. Raman Pilla (2014)</a>, p. 100, മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ നിർമ്മിതിയും പ്രസിദ്ധീകരണവും [Marthandavarma : Creation and Publication]. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEN._Balakrishnan_Nair195185–87രണ്ടു_കാര്യങ്ങൾ_[Two_affairs]-23">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEN._Balakrishnan_Nair195185–87രണ്ടു_കാര്യങ്ങൾ_[Two_affairs]_23-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEN._Balakrishnan_Nair195185–87രണ്ടു_കാര്യങ്ങൾ_[Two_affairs]_23-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEN._Balakrishnan_Nair195185–87രണ്ടു_കാര്യങ്ങൾ_[Two_affairs]_23-2">c</a> <a href="#CITEREFN._Balakrishnan_Nair1951">N. Balakrishnan Nair (1951)</a>, pp. 85–87, രണ്ടു കാര്യങ്ങൾ [Two affairs]. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEN._Balakrishnan_Nair195179–80രണ്ടു_കാര്യങ്ങൾ_[Two_affairs]-24"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEN._Balakrishnan_Nair195179–80രണ്ടു_കാര്യങ്ങൾ_[Two_affairs]_24-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFN._Balakrishnan_Nair1951">N. Balakrishnan Nair (1951)</a>, pp. 79–80, രണ്ടു കാര്യങ്ങൾ [Two affairs]. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEN._Balakrishnan_Nair195197–98രണ്ടു_കാര്യങ്ങൾ_[Two_affairs]-25">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEN._Balakrishnan_Nair195197–98രണ്ടു_കാര്യങ്ങൾ_[Two_affairs]_25-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEN._Balakrishnan_Nair195197–98രണ്ടു_കാര്യങ്ങൾ_[Two_affairs]_25-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFN._Balakrishnan_Nair1951">N. Balakrishnan Nair (1951)</a>, pp. 97–98, രണ്ടു കാര്യങ്ങൾ [Two affairs]. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Dewan_Nanoo_Pillay''197487–89Life_after_retirementN._Balakrishnan_Nair1951vi–viiമുഖവുര_[Introduction]-26"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Dewan_Nanoo_Pillay''197487–89Life_after_retirementN._Balakrishnan_Nair1951vi–viiമുഖവുര_[Introduction]_26-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFDewan_Nanoo_Pillay1974">Dewan Nanoo Pillay (1974)</a>, pp. 87–89, Life after retirement; <a href="#CITEREFN._Balakrishnan_Nair1951">N. Balakrishnan Nair (1951)</a>, pp. vi–vii, മുഖവുര [Introduction]. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''C._V._Raman_Pilla''2014101–104മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ_നിർമ്മിതിയും_പ്രസിദ്ധീകരണവും_[''Marthandavarma''_:_Creation_and_Publication]-28">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''C._V._Raman_Pilla''2014101–104മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ_നിർമ്മിതിയും_പ്രസിദ്ധീകരണവും_[''Marthandavarma''_:_Creation_and_Publication]_28-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''C._V._Raman_Pilla''2014101–104മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ_നിർമ്മിതിയും_പ്രസിദ്ധീകരണവും_[''Marthandavarma''_:_Creation_and_Publication]_28-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''C._V._Raman_Pilla''2014101–104മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ_നിർമ്മിതിയും_പ്രസിദ്ധീകരണവും_[''Marthandavarma''_:_Creation_and_Publication]_28-2">c</a> <a href="#CITEREFC._V._Raman_Pilla2014">C. V. 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V., Relieve from fans]. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Ātmapōṣiṇi''1921588–589-36"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Ātmapōṣiṇi''1921588–589_36-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFĀtmapōṣiṇi1921">Ātmapōṣiṇi (1921)</a>, pp. 588–589. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMalayankeezh_Gopalakrishnan200786–87മഹാരാജാവിന്_മലയാളി_മെമ്മോറിയൽ_സമർപ്പിക്കുന്നു_[Submitting_Malayali_Memorial_to_the_king]-37"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMalayankeezh_Gopalakrishnan200786–87മഹാരാജാവിന്_മലയാളി_മെമ്മോറിയൽ_സമർപ്പിക്കുന്നു_[Submitting_Malayali_Memorial_to_the_king]_37-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMalayankeezh_Gopalakrishnan2007">Malayankeezh Gopalakrishnan (2007)</a>, pp. 86–87, മഹാരാജാവിന് മലയാളി മെമ്മോറിയൽ സമർപ്പിക്കുന്നു [Submitting Malayali Memorial to the king]. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''C._V._Raman_Pilla''2014122മലയാളി_മെമ്മോറിയൽ_[Malayāḷi_Memorial]-38"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''C._V._Raman_Pilla''2014122മലയാളി_മെമ്മോറിയൽ_[Malayāḷi_Memorial]_38-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFC._V._Raman_Pilla2014">C. V. 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Bhudev Mukhopadhyaya's Anguriya Binimaya (1862) was the first historical novel </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''History_of_Indian_Literature''_Vol_I2005199,_292The_Novel-45"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''History_of_Indian_Literature''_Vol_I2005199,_292The_Novel_45-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHistory_of_Indian_Literature_Vol_I2005">History of Indian Literature Vol I (2005)</a>, pp. 199, 292, The Novel. ..tradition of historical novel begun by Bankim Chandra.. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEVohra2015Herzberger2015-46"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVohra2015Herzberger2015_46-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFVohra2015">Vohra (2015)</a>; <a href="#CITEREFHerzberger2015">Herzberger (2015)</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''History_of_Indian_Literature''_Vol_I2005201The_Novel''Handbook_of_Twentieth-Century_Literatures_of_India''1996213Twentieth-Century_Marathi_Literature-47"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''History_of_Indian_Literature''_Vol_I2005201The_Novel''Handbook_of_Twentieth-Century_Literatures_of_India''1996213Twentieth-Century_Marathi_Literature_47-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHistory_of_Indian_Literature_Vol_I2005">History of Indian Literature Vol I (2005)</a>, p. 201, The Novel. Mocangad (1870), considered to be the first historical novel in Marathi,..; <a href="#CITEREFHandbook_of_Twentieth-Century_Literatures_of_India1996">Handbook of Twentieth-Century Literatures of India (1996)</a>, p. 213, Twentieth-Century Marathi Literature. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''The_Historical_Novel_in_Oriya''198242–49Rise_of_the_Historical_Novel_in_Orissa,_Evolution_of_the_Historical_Novel_in_Oriya_Literature_:_''Padmamali''''Makers_of_Modern_Orissa''199684Fakir_Mohan_Senapati-48"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''The_Historical_Novel_in_Oriya''198242–49Rise_of_the_Historical_Novel_in_Orissa,_Evolution_of_the_Historical_Novel_in_Oriya_Literature_:_''Padmamali''''Makers_of_Modern_Orissa''199684Fakir_Mohan_Senapati_48-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFThe_Historical_Novel_in_Oriya1982">The Historical Novel in Oriya (1982)</a>, pp. 42–49, Rise of the Historical Novel in Orissa, Evolution of the Historical Novel in Oriya Literature : Padmamali; <a href="#CITEREFMakers_of_Modern_Orissa1996">Makers of Modern Orissa (1996)</a>, p. 84, Fakir Mohan Senapati. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''History_of_Indian_Literature''_Vol_I2005291The_NovelYousaf2001-49"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''History_of_Indian_Literature''_Vol_I2005291The_NovelYousaf2001_49-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHistory_of_Indian_Literature_Vol_I2005">History of Indian Literature Vol I (2005)</a>, p. 291, The Novel; <a href="#CITEREFYousaf2001">Yousaf (2001)</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''History_of_Indian_Literature''_Vol_I2005289The_Novel''Modern_Kannada_Literature''1992169-51"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''History_of_Indian_Literature''_Vol_I2005289The_Novel''Modern_Kannada_Literature''1992169_51-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHistory_of_Indian_Literature_Vol_I2005">History of Indian Literature Vol I (2005)</a>, p. 289, The Novel; <a href="#CITEREFModern_Kannada_Literature1992">Modern Kannada Literature (1992)</a>, p. 169. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''History_of_Indian_Literature''_Vol_I2005290The_Novel''Modern_Tamil_Literature''1992383-52"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''History_of_Indian_Literature''_Vol_I2005290The_Novel''Modern_Tamil_Literature''1992383_52-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHistory_of_Indian_Literature_Vol_I2005">History of Indian Literature Vol I (2005)</a>, p. 290, The Novel; <a href="#CITEREFModern_Tamil_Literature1992">Modern Tamil Literature (1992)</a>, p. 383. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''History_of_Indian_Literature''_Vol_I200529121,_55The_Novel._.._a_fertile_ground_for_historical_novels_introduced_by_Chilakamarti_Lakshminarasimham..Narasiṃha_Rao1993-53"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''History_of_Indian_Literature''_Vol_I200529121,_55The_Novel._.._a_fertile_ground_for_historical_novels_introduced_by_Chilakamarti_Lakshminarasimham..Narasiṃha_Rao1993_53-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHistory_of_Indian_Literature_Vol_I2005">History of Indian Literature Vol I (2005)</a>, p. 291, The Novel. .. a fertile ground for historical novels introduced by Chilakamarti Lakshminarasimham..; <a href="#CITEREFNarasiṃha_Rao1993">Narasiṃha Rao (1993)</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPerunna_K._N._Nair19843,_22കുളക്കുന്നത്തു_രാമമേനോൻ_[Kulakkunnathu_Raman_Menon]''History_of_Indian_Literature''_Vol_II200627-55"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPerunna_K._N._Nair19843,_22കുളക്കുന്നത്തു_രാമമേനോൻ_[Kulakkunnathu_Raman_Menon]''History_of_Indian_Literature''_Vol_II200627_55-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFPerunna_K._N._Nair1984">Perunna K. 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Balakrishnan Nair (1951)</a>, p. 107, മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മയ്ക്കു ശേഷം [After Marthandavarma]. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma:_Sr̥ṣṭiyuṁ_svarūpavuṁ''200969–72,_75–77-58"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma:_Sr̥ṣṭiyuṁ_svarūpavuṁ''200969–72,_75–77_58-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMāṟttāṇḍavaṟmma:_Sr̥ṣṭiyuṁ_svarūpavuṁ2009">Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma: Sr̥ṣṭiyuṁ svarūpavuṁ (2009)</a>, pp. 69–72, 75–77. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma:_Sr̥ṣṭiyuṁ_svarūpavuṁ''200957–58''Pṟasādhakakkuṟippŭ''20095-59"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma:_Sr̥ṣṭiyuṁ_svarūpavuṁ''200957–58''Pṟasādhakakkuṟippŭ''20095_59-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMāṟttāṇḍavaṟmma:_Sr̥ṣṭiyuṁ_svarūpavuṁ2009">Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma: Sr̥ṣṭiyuṁ svarūpavuṁ (2009)</a>, pp. 57–58; <a href="#CITEREFPṟasādhakakkuṟippŭ2009">Pṟasādhakakkuṟippŭ (2009)</a>, p. 5. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma''_[Variorum_Edn.]1983''Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma''_[KSA_Edn.]1999''Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma''_[Rachana_Edn.]2009''Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma''_[Chintha_Edn.]2013''Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma''_[Lal_Edn.]2016-60"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma''_[Variorum_Edn.]1983''Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma''_[KSA_Edn.]1999''Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma''_[Rachana_Edn.]2009''Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma''_[Chintha_Edn.]2013''Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma''_[Lal_Edn.]2016_60-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMāṟttāṇḍavaṟmma_[Variorum_Edn.]1983">Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma [Variorum Edn.] (1983)</a>; <a href="#CITEREFMāṟttāṇḍavaṟmma_[KSA_Edn.]1999">Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma [KSA Edn.] (1999)</a>; <a href="#CITEREFMāṟttāṇḍavaṟmma_[Rachana_Edn.]2009">Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma [Rachana Edn.] (2009)</a>; <a href="#CITEREFMāṟttāṇḍavaṟmma_[Chintha_Edn.]2013">Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma [Chintha Edn.] (2013)</a>; <a href="#CITEREFMāṟttāṇḍavaṟmma_[Lal_Edn.]2016">Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma [Lal Edn.] (2016)</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma''_[SPCS_Edn.]1973''Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma''_[Poorna_Edn.]1983Definitive_Variorum1992-62"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma''_[SPCS_Edn.]1973''Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma''_[Poorna_Edn.]1983Definitive_Variorum1992_62-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMāṟttāṇḍavaṟmma_[SPCS_Edn.]1973">Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma [SPCS Edn.] (1973)</a>; <a href="#CITEREFMāṟttāṇḍavaṟmma_[Poorna_Edn.]1983">Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma [Poorna Edn.] (1983)</a>; <a href="#CITEREFDefinitive_Variorum1992">Definitive Variorum (1992)</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEB.K._Menon1936i–viiPrema_Jayakumar19989–10-63"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEB.K._Menon1936i–viiPrema_Jayakumar19989–10_63-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFB.K._Menon1936">B.K. Menon (1936)</a>, p. i–vii; <a href="#CITEREFPrema_Jayakumar1998">Prema Jayakumar (1998)</a>, pp. 9–10. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEB.K._Menon1936Prema_Jayakumar19989–10-65"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEB.K._Menon1936Prema_Jayakumar19989–10_65-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFB.K._Menon1936">B.K. Menon (1936)</a>; <a href="#CITEREFPrema_Jayakumar1998">Prema Jayakumar (1998)</a>, pp. 9–10. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEO._Krishna_Pillai1954-66"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEO._Krishna_Pillai1954_66-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFO._Krishna_Pillai1954">O. Krishna Pillai (1954)</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELeela_Devi1979-67"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeela_Devi1979_67-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFLeela_Devi1979">Leela Devi (1979)</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKrishnankutty1990-68"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKrishnankutty1990_68-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFKrishnankutty1990">Krishnankutty (1990)</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPadmanabhan_Thambi2007-69"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPadmanabhan_Thambi2007_69-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFPadmanabhan_Thambi2007">Padmanabhan Thambi (2007)</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''C._V._Raman_Pillai''_by_S._Guptan_Nair19927Foreword-70">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''C._V._Raman_Pillai''_by_S._Guptan_Nair19927Foreword_70-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''C._V._Raman_Pillai''_by_S._Guptan_Nair19927Foreword_70-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''C._V._Raman_Pillai''_by_S._Guptan_Nair19927Foreword_70-2">c</a> <a href="#CITEREFC._V._Raman_Pillai_by_S._Guptan_Nair1992">C. V. Raman Pillai by S. Guptan Nair (1992)</a>, p. 7, Foreword. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEditorial_from_''THE_HINDU''189172-71"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEditorial_from_''THE_HINDU''189172_71-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFEditorial_from_THE_HINDU1891">Editorial from THE HINDU (1891)</a>, p. 72. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Malayāḷa_Sāhityacaritraṁ''2010122നോവൽ_[Novel]''The_Hindu''5_October_2010-72"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Malayāḷa_Sāhityacaritraṁ''2010122നോവൽ_[Novel]''The_Hindu''5_October_2010_72-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMalayāḷa_Sāhityacaritraṁ2010">Malayāḷa Sāhityacaritraṁ (2010)</a>, p. 122, നോവൽ [Novel]. മലയാളത്തിൽ നോവൽ ഇനത്തിൽ ഉൾപ്പെടുത്താവുന്ന ആദ്യത്തെ കൃതി അപ്പു നെടുങ്ങാടിയുടെ കുന്ദലതയാണ്. [Kundalatha is the work that can be included as first novel type in Malayalam.]; <a href="#CITEREFThe_Hindu5_October_2010">The Hindu & 5 October 2010</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEChandumenon199513ഇന്ദുലേഖ_രണ്ടാം_അച്ചടിപ്പിന്റെ_അവതാരിക_[Introduction_of_''Indulekha'',_second_print]-73"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChandumenon199513ഇന്ദുലേഖ_രണ്ടാം_അച്ചടിപ്പിന്റെ_അവതാരിക_[Introduction_of_''Indulekha'',_second_print]_73-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFChandumenon1995">Chandumenon (1995)</a>, p. 13, ഇന്ദുലേഖ രണ്ടാം അച്ചടിപ്പിന്റെ അവതാരിക [Introduction of Indulekha, second print]. 1890 ജനുവരി ആദ്യത്തിൽ വില്പാൻ തുടങ്ങിയ ഈ പുസ്തകത്തിന്റെ ഒന്നാം അച്ചടിപ്പ്.. [The first print of this book, the sale of which begun in early January 1890..] </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Nōvalsāhityaṁ''1991123ഭാഷാനോവൽ–ഒ._ചന്തുമേനോൻ_[Novel_in_Language_–_O._Chandumenon]''The_Hindu''31_January_2012-75"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Nōvalsāhityaṁ''1991123ഭാഷാനോവൽ–ഒ._ചന്തുമേനോൻ_[Novel_in_Language_–_O._Chandumenon]''The_Hindu''31_January_2012_75-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFNōvalsāhityaṁ1991">Nōvalsāhityaṁ (1991)</a>, p. 123, ഭാഷാനോവൽ–ഒ. ചന്തുമേനോൻ [Novel in Language – O. Chandumenon]; <a href="#CITEREFThe_Hindu31_January_2012">The Hindu & 31 January 2012</a>. Chandu Menon's Indulekha, the second novel in Malayalam,... </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Treasures_of_Malayalam_Literature_from_Europe''July_198195–96-76"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Treasures_of_Malayalam_Literature_from_Europe''July_198195–96_76-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFTreasures_of_Malayalam_Literature_from_EuropeJuly_1981">Treasures of Malayalam Literature from Europe & July 1981</a>, pp. 95–96. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Ādyakāla_Malayāḷanōval''201062മീനാക്ഷി_[''Meenakshi'']-77"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Ādyakāla_Malayāḷanōval''201062മീനാക്ഷി_[''Meenakshi'']_77-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFĀdyakāla_Malayāḷanōval2010">Ādyakāla Malayāḷanōval (2010)</a>, p. 62, മീനാക്ഷി [Meenakshi]. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''C._V._Raman_Pilla''2014116മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മയിലൂടെ_[Through_''Marthandavarma'']-79">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''C._V._Raman_Pilla''2014116മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മയിലൂടെ_[Through_''Marthandavarma'']_79-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''C._V._Raman_Pilla''2014116മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മയിലൂടെ_[Through_''Marthandavarma'']_79-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFC._V._Raman_Pilla2014">C. 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Balakrishnan Nair (1951)</a>, p. 93, രണ്ടു കാര്യങ്ങൾ [Two affairs]. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma:_Sr̥ṣṭiyuṁ_svarūpavuṁ''200960,_66–69N._Balakrishnan_Nair1951105–106മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മയ്ക്കു_ശേഷം_[After_''Marthandavarma'']-83"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma:_Sr̥ṣṭiyuṁ_svarūpavuṁ''200960,_66–69N._Balakrishnan_Nair1951105–106മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മയ്ക്കു_ശേഷം_[After_''Marthandavarma'']_83-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMāṟttāṇḍavaṟmma:_Sr̥ṣṭiyuṁ_svarūpavuṁ2009">Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma: Sr̥ṣṭiyuṁ svarūpavuṁ (2009)</a>, pp. 60, 66–69; <a href="#CITEREFN._Balakrishnan_Nair1951">N. Balakrishnan Nair (1951)</a>, pp. 105–106, മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മയ്ക്കു ശേഷം [After Marthandavarma]. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Encyclopedia''2015-84"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Encyclopedia''2015_84-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFEncyclopedia2015">Encyclopedia (2015)</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPerunna_K._N._Nair198412–13,_15കുളക്കുന്നത്തു_രാമമേനോൻ_[Kulakkunnathu_Raman_Menon]-85"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPerunna_K._N._Nair198412–13,_15കുളക്കുന്നത്തു_രാമമേനോൻ_[Kulakkunnathu_Raman_Menon]_85-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFPerunna_K._N._Nair1984">Perunna K. N. Nair (1984)</a>, pp. 12–13, 15, കുളക്കുന്നത്തു രാമമേനോൻ [Kulakkunnathu Raman Menon]. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma:_Sr̥ṣṭiyuṁ_svarūpavuṁ''200959-87"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma:_Sr̥ṣṭiyuṁ_svarūpavuṁ''200959_87-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMāṟttāṇḍavaṟmma:_Sr̥ṣṭiyuṁ_svarūpavuṁ2009">Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma: Sr̥ṣṭiyuṁ svarūpavuṁ (2009)</a>, p. 59, മലയാളത്തിൽ ഏറ്റവും കൂടുതൽ വിറ്റഴിഞ്ഞിട്ടുള്ള പുസ്തകം മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ ആണെന്നതിൽ സംശയമില്ല. [It is not doubtful that Marthandavarma is the most sold book in Malayalam.] </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEditorial_from_''THE_HINDU''189168–70''Si._Vi._Rāman_Piḷḷa''_by_Dr._Ayyappa_Paniker199338._ഈ_ചരിത്രാംശത്തെ_അസ്ഥിപഞ്ജരമായുപയോഗിച്ചുകൊണ്ട്_കാല്പനികഭാവനയുടെ_സംഭാവനകളാൽ_മാംസളവും_കമനീയവുമാക്കിത്തീർത്ത_ഒരു_ശില്പമാണ്_''മാർത്താണ്ഡമർമ്മ''യ്ക്കുള്ളത്._[This_historical_aspect_is_used_as_a_skeleton_embodied_with_contributions_of_romantic_imagination_to_form_an_elegant_as_well_as_fleshy_structure_for_''Marthandavarma''.]-88"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEditorial_from_''THE_HINDU''189168–70''Si._Vi._Rāman_Piḷḷa''_by_Dr._Ayyappa_Paniker199338._ഈ_ചരിത്രാംശത്തെ_അസ്ഥിപഞ്ജരമായുപയോഗിച്ചുകൊണ്ട്_കാല്പനികഭാവനയുടെ_സംഭാവനകളാൽ_മാംസളവും_കമനീയവുമാക്കിത്തീർത്ത_ഒരു_ശില്പമാണ്_''മാർത്താണ്ഡമർമ്മ''യ്ക്കുള്ളത്._[This_historical_aspect_is_used_as_a_skeleton_embodied_with_contributions_of_romantic_imagination_to_form_an_elegant_as_well_as_fleshy_structure_for_''Marthandavarma''.]_88-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFEditorial_from_THE_HINDU1891">Editorial from THE HINDU (1891)</a>, pp. 68–70; <a href="#CITEREFSi._Vi._Rāman_Piḷḷa_by_Dr._Ayyappa_Paniker1993">Si. Vi. Rāman Piḷḷa by Dr. Ayyappa Paniker (1993)</a>, p. 38, . ഈ ചരിത്രാംശത്തെ അസ്ഥിപഞ്ജരമായുപയോഗിച്ചുകൊണ്ട് കാല്പനികഭാവനയുടെ സംഭാവനകളാൽ മാംസളവും കമനീയവുമാക്കിത്തീർത്ത ഒരു ശില്പമാണ് മാർത്താണ്ഡമർമ്മയ്ക്കുള്ളത്. [This historical aspect is used as a skeleton embodied with contributions of romantic imagination to form an elegant as well as fleshy structure for Marthandavarma.]. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Si._Vi._Rāman_Piḷḷa''_by_Dr._Ayyappa_Paniker199338._1729–മാണ്ട്_അന്നത്തെ_വേണാടിന്റെ_ഭരണാവകാശത്തെ_ചുറ്റിപ്പറ്റിയുണ്ടായ_തർക്കങ്ങൾ_ആണ്_''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ''യിലെ_ചരിത്രപരമായ_അംശം._[In_the_year_1729,_the_disputes_around_the_right_to_rule_(heirship)_in_the_then_Venad_are_the_historical_aspects_of_''Marthandavarma''.]-89"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Si._Vi._Rāman_Piḷḷa''_by_Dr._Ayyappa_Paniker199338._1729–മാണ്ട്_അന്നത്തെ_വേണാടിന്റെ_ഭരണാവകാശത്തെ_ചുറ്റിപ്പറ്റിയുണ്ടായ_തർക്കങ്ങൾ_ആണ്_''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ''യിലെ_ചരിത്രപരമായ_അംശം._[In_the_year_1729,_the_disputes_around_the_right_to_rule_(heirship)_in_the_then_Venad_are_the_historical_aspects_of_''Marthandavarma''.]_89-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSi._Vi._Rāman_Piḷḷa_by_Dr._Ayyappa_Paniker1993">Si. Vi. Rāman Piḷḷa by Dr. Ayyappa Paniker (1993)</a>, p. 38, . 1729–മാണ്ട് അന്നത്തെ വേണാടിന്റെ ഭരണാവകാശത്തെ ചുറ്റിപ്പറ്റിയുണ്ടായ തർക്കങ്ങൾ ആണ് മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മയിലെ ചരിത്രപരമായ അംശം. [In the year 1729, the disputes around the right to rule (heirship) in the then Venad are the historical aspects of Marthandavarma.]. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Ādyakāla_Malayāḷanōval''201075മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ–ഒരു_പഠനം_[''Marthandavarma''–A_Study]K._M._Tharakan200549ഭാഗം_രണ്ട്_[Part_Two]-90"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Ādyakāla_Malayāḷanōval''201075മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ–ഒരു_പഠനം_[''Marthandavarma''–A_Study]K._M._Tharakan200549ഭാഗം_രണ്ട്_[Part_Two]_90-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFĀdyakāla_Malayāḷanōval2010">Ādyakāla Malayāḷanōval (2010)</a>, p. 75, മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ–ഒരു പഠനം [Marthandavarma–A Study]. മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മയിൽ മുൻപറഞ്ഞ ചരിത്രയാഥാർത്ഥ്യത്തിന്റെ കങ്കാളത്തിന്മേൽ കാല്പനികാംശത്തിന്റെ മജ്ജയും മാംസവും പിടിപ്പിച്ചിരിക്കയാണ്. [In Marthandavarma, the marrow and flesh of romantic aspect are fixed on the skeleton of historic reality.]; <a href="#CITEREFK._M._Tharakan2005">K. M. Tharakan (2005)</a>, p. 49, ഭാഗം രണ്ട് [Part Two]. കാല്പനികതയിൽ മുങ്ങി നിൽക്കുന്ന ഈ ആഖ്യായികയ്ക്ക് റിയലിസ്റ്റ് അംശങ്ങൾ ആവോളം നൽകുന്നതും സംഭാഷണമാണ്. [The realist aspects given as possible to this narrative, which is immersed in romance, is through dialog.] </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEK._M._Tharakan200551ഭാഗം_രണ്ട്_[Part_Two]._നോവലിന്റെ_പ്രാണൻ_ആന്തരികവും_ബാഹ്യവുമായ_സംഘർഷമാണെന്ന_വീക്ഷണമാണ്_സി._വി._തന്റെ_കൃതികളിൽ_പ്രതിഫലിക്കുന്നത്._[C._V_reflects_in_his_works_that_the_soul_of_novel_is_perception_of_internal_and_external_conflicts.]-91"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEK._M._Tharakan200551ഭാഗം_രണ്ട്_[Part_Two]._നോവലിന്റെ_പ്രാണൻ_ആന്തരികവും_ബാഹ്യവുമായ_സംഘർഷമാണെന്ന_വീക്ഷണമാണ്_സി._വി._തന്റെ_കൃതികളിൽ_പ്രതിഫലിക്കുന്നത്._[C._V_reflects_in_his_works_that_the_soul_of_novel_is_perception_of_internal_and_external_conflicts.]_91-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFK._M._Tharakan2005">K. M. Tharakan (2005)</a>, p. 51, ഭാഗം രണ്ട് [Part Two]. നോവലിന്റെ പ്രാണൻ ആന്തരികവും ബാഹ്യവുമായ സംഘർഷമാണെന്ന വീക്ഷണമാണ് സി. വി. തന്റെ കൃതികളിൽ പ്രതിഫലിക്കുന്നത്. [C. V reflects in his works that the soul of novel is perception of internal and external conflicts.]. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKalpatta_Balakrishnan200562–63സി._വി._രാമൻ_പിള്ള_[C._V._Raman_Pillai]-92"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKalpatta_Balakrishnan200562–63സി._വി._രാമൻ_പിള്ള_[C._V._Raman_Pillai]_92-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFKalpatta_Balakrishnan2005">Kalpatta Balakrishnan (2005)</a>, pp. 62–63, സി. വി. രാമൻ പിള്ള [C. V. Raman Pillai]. മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ ഒരു ചരിത്രറൊമാൻസാണെന്ന വാദത്തിന് ഏറ്റവും വലിയ മുതൽക്കൂട്ട് അനന്തപത്മനാഭനാകുന്നു. അവിശ്വസനീയമായ വീരസാഹസികതകൾ... [Ananthapadmanabhan is the biggest principal addition to the argument that Marthandavarma is a historical romance. Unbelievable heroic adventures...] അനന്തപത്മനാഭൻ സാങ്കല്പികകഥാപാത്രമല്ലെന്നാണ് പുതിയ വാദഗതി. [The new course of argument is that Ananthapadmanabhan is not an imaginary character.] </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEK._M._Tharakan200551ഭാഗം_രണ്ട്_[Part_Two]._ഇത്_വീരാത്ഭുതരസങ്ങളെ_ഉണർത്തുന്നു,_വീരാരാധന_വളർത്തുന്നു;_ദേശപ്രേമത്തെ_ജ്വലിപ്പിക്കുന്നു._കൗമാരപ്രണയവികാരങ്ങളെ_തർപ്പണം_ചെയ്യുന്നു._ജിജ്ഞാസയെ_ഉദ്ദീപിപ്പിച്ചിട്ട്_അവസാനം_വരെ_കെടാതെ_സൂക്ഷിക്കുന്നു._[This_arouses_amusement_on_heroic_wonders,_develops_hero-worship,_ignites_patriotism._(This)_does_the_libation_of_teenage_romantic_emotions._The_curiosity_is_generated,_then_kept_until_the_end.]-93"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEK._M._Tharakan200551ഭാഗം_രണ്ട്_[Part_Two]._ഇത്_വീരാത്ഭുതരസങ്ങളെ_ഉണർത്തുന്നു,_വീരാരാധന_വളർത്തുന്നു;_ദേശപ്രേമത്തെ_ജ്വലിപ്പിക്കുന്നു._കൗമാരപ്രണയവികാരങ്ങളെ_തർപ്പണം_ചെയ്യുന്നു._ജിജ്ഞാസയെ_ഉദ്ദീപിപ്പിച്ചിട്ട്_അവസാനം_വരെ_കെടാതെ_സൂക്ഷിക്കുന്നു._[This_arouses_amusement_on_heroic_wonders,_develops_hero-worship,_ignites_patriotism._(This)_does_the_libation_of_teenage_romantic_emotions._The_curiosity_is_generated,_then_kept_until_the_end.]_93-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFK._M._Tharakan2005">K. M. Tharakan (2005)</a>, p. 51, ഭാഗം രണ്ട് [Part Two]. ഇത് വീരാത്ഭുതരസങ്ങളെ ഉണർത്തുന്നു, വീരാരാധന വളർത്തുന്നു; ദേശപ്രേമത്തെ ജ്വലിപ്പിക്കുന്നു. കൗമാരപ്രണയവികാരങ്ങളെ തർപ്പണം ചെയ്യുന്നു. ജിജ്ഞാസയെ ഉദ്ദീപിപ്പിച്ചിട്ട് അവസാനം വരെ കെടാതെ സൂക്ഷിക്കുന്നു. [This arouses amusement on heroic wonders, develops hero-worship, ignites patriotism. (This) does the libation of teenage romantic emotions. The curiosity is generated, then kept until the end.]. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEK._M._Tharakan200549ഭാഗം_രണ്ട്_[Part_Two]-94"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEK._M._Tharakan200549ഭാഗം_രണ്ട്_[Part_Two]_94-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFK._M._Tharakan2005">K. M. Tharakan (2005)</a>, p. 49, ഭാഗം രണ്ട് [Part Two]. കാല്പനികതയിൽ മുങ്ങി നിൽക്കുന്ന ഈ ആഖ്യായികയ്ക്ക് റിയലിസ്റ്റ് അംശങ്ങൾ ആവോളം നൽകുന്നതും സംഭാഷണമാണ്. [The realist aspects given as possible to this narrative, which is immersed in romance, is through dialogue.]കഥയിൽ കൊടുത്തിരിക്കുന്ന സംഭാഷണത്തിന്റെ സ്വാഭാവികതയും ഓജസ്സും കഥാപാത്രങ്ങൾക്കെന്നപോലെ കഥയ്ക്കും സ്വകീയ സത്വശോഭയും തന്മയത്വവും സമാമനിക്കുന്നു. [The inherency and vigor of the dialogues given in the plot gift its own venerable grace and individuality to the story as that to the characters.] </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Malayāḷanōval_Pattompatāṁ_Nūṯāṇṭil''199799ചരിത്രനോവൽ–മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മയും_അക്ബറും-95"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Malayāḷanōval_Pattompatāṁ_Nūṯāṇṭil''199799ചരിത്രനോവൽ–മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മയും_അക്ബറും_95-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMalayāḷanōval_Pattompatāṁ_Nūṯāṇṭil1997">Malayāḷanōval Pattompatāṁ Nūṯāṇṭil (1997)</a>, p. 99, ചരിത്രനോവൽ–മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മയും അക്ബറും. Historical Novel–Marthandavarma and Akbar. ..മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മയിൽ ഇടകലർന്നു കാണാം. ഇതിവൃത്തത്തിലെ ചരിത്രസംഭവങ്ങളുടെ യാഥാർത്ഥ്യനിഷ്ഠയും കല്പിതഭാഗങ്ങളുടെ കാല്പനികതയും പ്രകടമാണ്. [...can be seen intermixed. The realistic legibility of historical events and the romance in deemed parts are visible.] </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Ādyakāla_Malayāḷanōval''201076–77മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ–ഒരു_പഠനം_[''Marthandavarma''–A_Study]._കാർത്ത്യായനിയമ്മ,_ശങ്കു_ആശാൻ,_മാങ്കോയിക്കൽ_കുറുപ്പ്_എന്നിവരുടെ_പെരുമാറ്റവും_സംഭാഷണവും_മറ്റും_യഥാതഥമായ_നോവലിലേതുതന്നെയാണ്._[The_behavior,_dialogs,_and_others_of_Karthyayani_Amma,_Shanku_Assan,_and_Mangoikkal_Kuruppu_are_as_that_in_a_realistic_novel.]_എന്നാൽ_മാങ്കോയിക്കൽ_കുറുപ്പെന്ന_നാടൻ_കൃഷീവലന്റെ_യുവരാജാവിനോടുള്ള_നിഷ്കപടമായ_പെരുമാറ്റം,_തമ്പിയെ_സ്വീകരിക്കാനുള്ള_കാർത്ത്യായനിയമ്മയുടെ_തിരക്കുകളും_ഒരുക്കുകൂട്ടലും,_ശങ്കു_ആശാന്റെ_എടുത്തുചാട്ടവും_ശുണ്ഠിയും,_തുടങ്ങിയവയിലെല്ലാം_യഥാതഥമായ_ജീവിതചിത്രങ്ങൾ_തന്നെയാണു_കാണുക._[But_in_the,_sincere_behavior_of_provincial_farmer,_Mangoikkal_Kuruppu_to_the_prince,_Karthyayani_Amma's_haste_and_preparations_to_receive_Thambi,_recklessness_and_short-temper_of_Shanku_Assan,_and_in_those_follows,_the_realistic_pictures_of_life_are_seen.]-96"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Ādyakāla_Malayāḷanōval''201076–77മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ–ഒരു_പഠനം_[''Marthandavarma''–A_Study]._കാർത്ത്യായനിയമ്മ,_ശങ്കു_ആശാൻ,_മാങ്കോയിക്കൽ_കുറുപ്പ്_എന്നിവരുടെ_പെരുമാറ്റവും_സംഭാഷണവും_മറ്റും_യഥാതഥമായ_നോവലിലേതുതന്നെയാണ്._[The_behavior,_dialogs,_and_others_of_Karthyayani_Amma,_Shanku_Assan,_and_Mangoikkal_Kuruppu_are_as_that_in_a_realistic_novel.]_എന്നാൽ_മാങ്കോയിക്കൽ_കുറുപ്പെന്ന_നാടൻ_കൃഷീവലന്റെ_യുവരാജാവിനോടുള്ള_നിഷ്കപടമായ_പെരുമാറ്റം,_തമ്പിയെ_സ്വീകരിക്കാനുള്ള_കാർത്ത്യായനിയമ്മയുടെ_തിരക്കുകളും_ഒരുക്കുകൂട്ടലും,_ശങ്കു_ആശാന്റെ_എടുത്തുചാട്ടവും_ശുണ്ഠിയും,_തുടങ്ങിയവയിലെല്ലാം_യഥാതഥമായ_ജീവിതചിത്രങ്ങൾ_തന്നെയാണു_കാണുക._[But_in_the,_sincere_behavior_of_provincial_farmer,_Mangoikkal_Kuruppu_to_the_prince,_Karthyayani_Amma's_haste_and_preparations_to_receive_Thambi,_recklessness_and_short-temper_of_Shanku_Assan,_and_in_those_follows,_the_realistic_pictures_of_life_are_seen.]_96-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFĀdyakāla_Malayāḷanōval2010">Ādyakāla Malayāḷanōval (2010)</a>, pp. 76–77, മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ–ഒരു പഠനം [Marthandavarma–A Study]. കാർത്ത്യായനിയമ്മ, ശങ്കു ആശാൻ, മാങ്കോയിക്കൽ കുറുപ്പ് എന്നിവരുടെ പെരുമാറ്റവും സംഭാഷണവും മറ്റും യഥാതഥമായ നോവലിലേതുതന്നെയാണ്. [The behavior, dialogs, and others of Karthyayani Amma, Shanku Assan, and Mangoikkal Kuruppu are as that in a realistic novel.] എന്നാൽ മാങ്കോയിക്കൽ കുറുപ്പെന്ന നാടൻ കൃഷീവലന്റെ യുവരാജാവിനോടുള്ള നിഷ്കപടമായ പെരുമാറ്റം, തമ്പിയെ സ്വീകരിക്കാനുള്ള കാർത്ത്യായനിയമ്മയുടെ തിരക്കുകളും ഒരുക്കുകൂട്ടലും, ശങ്കു ആശാന്റെ എടുത്തുചാട്ടവും ശുണ്ഠിയും, തുടങ്ങിയവയിലെല്ലാം യഥാതഥമായ ജീവിതചിത്രങ്ങൾ തന്നെയാണു കാണുക. [But in the, sincere behavior of provincial farmer, Mangoikkal Kuruppu to the prince, Karthyayani Amma's haste and preparations to receive Thambi, recklessness and short-temper of Shanku Assan, and in those follows, the realistic pictures of life are seen.]. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEN._Balakrishnan_Nair195189രണ്ടു_കാര്യങ്ങൾ_[Two_affairs]-97"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEN._Balakrishnan_Nair195189രണ്ടു_കാര്യങ്ങൾ_[Two_affairs]_97-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFN._Balakrishnan_Nair1951">N. Balakrishnan Nair (1951)</a>, p. 89, രണ്ടു കാര്യങ്ങൾ [Two affairs]. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Rasāviṣkaraṇaṁ_Si.Vi.Nōvalukaḷil''201356-98"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Rasāviṣkaraṇaṁ_Si.Vi.Nōvalukaḷil''201356_98-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFRasāviṣkaraṇaṁ_Si.Vi.Nōvalukaḷil2013">Rasāviṣkaraṇaṁ Si.Vi.Nōvalukaḷil (2013)</a>, p. 56. വീരത്തിന് അംഗമായി ശൃംഗാരത്തിന്റെ നിബന്ധനം അനന്തപത്മനാഭന്റെയും പാറുക്കുട്ടിയുടെയും പ്രണയാഭിലാഷങ്ങളിലൂടെ...[As a limb to heroism, amor is bound through the romantic desires of Ananthapadmanabhan and Parukutty...] </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Si._Vi._Rāman_Piḷḷa''_by_Dr._Ayyappa_Paniker199338...പാറുക്കുട്ടിയും_തിരുമുഖത്തുപിള്ളയുടെ_മകനും_ഇളയ_രാജാവിന്റെ_വാത്സല്യഭാജനവും_ആശ്രിതനുമായ_അനന്തപത്മനാഭനും_തമ്മിലുള്ള_പ്രണയത്തിന്റെ_കഥ_ചരിത്രപരവും_രാഷ്ട്രീയവുമായ_കഥാവസ്തുവിന്_പുതു_ജീവൻ_നൽകുന്നു._[The_story_of_romance_between_Parukutty_and_Anandapadmanabhan,_who_is_the_son_of_Thirumukhathu_Pilla,_also_the_dearest_of_prince,_provides_new_life_to_the_plot_which_is_historical_as_well_as_politics_itself.]-99"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Si._Vi._Rāman_Piḷḷa''_by_Dr._Ayyappa_Paniker199338...പാറുക്കുട്ടിയും_തിരുമുഖത്തുപിള്ളയുടെ_മകനും_ഇളയ_രാജാവിന്റെ_വാത്സല്യഭാജനവും_ആശ്രിതനുമായ_അനന്തപത്മനാഭനും_തമ്മിലുള്ള_പ്രണയത്തിന്റെ_കഥ_ചരിത്രപരവും_രാഷ്ട്രീയവുമായ_കഥാവസ്തുവിന്_പുതു_ജീവൻ_നൽകുന്നു._[The_story_of_romance_between_Parukutty_and_Anandapadmanabhan,_who_is_the_son_of_Thirumukhathu_Pilla,_also_the_dearest_of_prince,_provides_new_life_to_the_plot_which_is_historical_as_well_as_politics_itself.]_99-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSi._Vi._Rāman_Piḷḷa_by_Dr._Ayyappa_Paniker1993">Si. Vi. Rāman Piḷḷa by Dr. Ayyappa Paniker (1993)</a>, p. 38, ...പാറുക്കുട്ടിയും തിരുമുഖത്തുപിള്ളയുടെ മകനും ഇളയ രാജാവിന്റെ വാത്സല്യഭാജനവും ആശ്രിതനുമായ അനന്തപത്മനാഭനും തമ്മിലുള്ള പ്രണയത്തിന്റെ കഥ ചരിത്രപരവും രാഷ്ട്രീയവുമായ കഥാവസ്തുവിന് പുതു ജീവൻ നൽകുന്നു. [The story of romance between Parukutty and Anandapadmanabhan, who is the son of Thirumukhathu Pilla, also the dearest of prince, provides new life to the plot which is historical as well as politics itself.]. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Ādyakāla_Malayāḷanōval''201073മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ–ഒരു_പഠനം_[''Marthandavarma''–A_Study]-100"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Ādyakāla_Malayāḷanōval''201073മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ–ഒരു_പഠനം_[''Marthandavarma''–A_Study]_100-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFĀdyakāla_Malayāḷanōval2010">Ādyakāla Malayāḷanōval (2010)</a>, p. 73, മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ–ഒരു പഠനം [Marthandavarma–A Study]. അവരുടെ പ്രണയകഥയാണു മേല്പറഞ്ഞ ചരിത്രശകലത്തിന് മജ്ജയും മാംസവും ജീവനും നല്കുന്നത്. [The above said historical piece is given with marrow, flesh, and life by their love story.] </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Si._Vi._Rāman_Piḷḷa''_by_Dr._Ayyappa_Paniker199338നോവലിലെ_വൈകാരിക_ഘടകത്തിന്_ഊന്നൽ_നൽകുന്ന_മറ്റൊരു_കഥാതന്തുവും_ഒരു_ത്രികോണ_പ്രണയരൂപത്തിൽ_നോവലിൽ_സന്നിവേശിപ്പിച്ചിട്ടുണ്ട്._[In_the_novel,_another_story-line_is_comprised_in_the_form_of_a_love_triangle_to_support_the_emotional_factor_of_the_novel.]-101"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Si._Vi._Rāman_Piḷḷa''_by_Dr._Ayyappa_Paniker199338നോവലിലെ_വൈകാരിക_ഘടകത്തിന്_ഊന്നൽ_നൽകുന്ന_മറ്റൊരു_കഥാതന്തുവും_ഒരു_ത്രികോണ_പ്രണയരൂപത്തിൽ_നോവലിൽ_സന്നിവേശിപ്പിച്ചിട്ടുണ്ട്._[In_the_novel,_another_story-line_is_comprised_in_the_form_of_a_love_triangle_to_support_the_emotional_factor_of_the_novel.]_101-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSi._Vi._Rāman_Piḷḷa_by_Dr._Ayyappa_Paniker1993">Si. Vi. Rāman Piḷḷa by Dr. Ayyappa Paniker (1993)</a>, p. 38, നോവലിലെ വൈകാരിക ഘടകത്തിന് ഊന്നൽ നൽകുന്ന മറ്റൊരു കഥാതന്തുവും ഒരു ത്രികോണ പ്രണയരൂപത്തിൽ നോവലിൽ സന്നിവേശിപ്പിച്ചിട്ടുണ്ട്. [In the novel, another story-line is comprised in the form of a love triangle to support the emotional factor of the novel.]. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Si._Vi._Rāman_Piḷḷa''_by_Dr._Ayyappa_Paniker199338മറ്റൊരു_ദുരന്തപ്രണയകഥയും_കൂടി_ഈ_നോവലിലെ_കല്പിതാംശത്തിന്_ശക്തി_പകർന്നുകൊണ്ട്_സി._വി._അവതരിപ്പിക്കുന്നുണ്ട്._[C._V._also_presents_another_tragic_love_story_to_strengthen_the_deemed_aspect_of_this_novel.]-102"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Si._Vi._Rāman_Piḷḷa''_by_Dr._Ayyappa_Paniker199338മറ്റൊരു_ദുരന്തപ്രണയകഥയും_കൂടി_ഈ_നോവലിലെ_കല്പിതാംശത്തിന്_ശക്തി_പകർന്നുകൊണ്ട്_സി._വി._അവതരിപ്പിക്കുന്നുണ്ട്._[C._V._also_presents_another_tragic_love_story_to_strengthen_the_deemed_aspect_of_this_novel.]_102-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSi._Vi._Rāman_Piḷḷa_by_Dr._Ayyappa_Paniker1993">Si. Vi. Rāman Piḷḷa by Dr. Ayyappa Paniker (1993)</a>, p. 38, മറ്റൊരു ദുരന്തപ്രണയകഥയും കൂടി ഈ നോവലിലെ കല്പിതാംശത്തിന് ശക്തി പകർന്നുകൊണ്ട് സി. വി. അവതരിപ്പിക്കുന്നുണ്ട്. [C. V. also presents another tragic love story to strengthen the deemed aspect of this novel.]. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Rasāviṣkaraṇaṁ_Si.Vi.Nōvalukaḷil''201356സുലൈഖയുടെയും_സുഭദ്രയുടെയും_വിപ്രലംഭദുഃഖങ്ങൾ...[The_sadness_of_Zulaikha_and_Subhadra_due_to_love_failures...]-103"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Rasāviṣkaraṇaṁ_Si.Vi.Nōvalukaḷil''201356സുലൈഖയുടെയും_സുഭദ്രയുടെയും_വിപ്രലംഭദുഃഖങ്ങൾ...[The_sadness_of_Zulaikha_and_Subhadra_due_to_love_failures...]_103-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFRasāviṣkaraṇaṁ_Si.Vi.Nōvalukaḷil2013">Rasāviṣkaraṇaṁ Si.Vi.Nōvalukaḷil (2013)</a>, p. 56, സുലൈഖയുടെയും സുഭദ്രയുടെയും വിപ്രലംഭദുഃഖങ്ങൾ...[The sadness of Zulaikha and Subhadra due to love failures...]. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBenjamin201025''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ'':_ഒരു_പുനഃപരിശോധന_[''Marthandavarma'':_A_Re-examination]-104"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBenjamin201025''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ'':_ഒരു_പുനഃപരിശോധന_[''Marthandavarma'':_A_Re-examination]_104-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBenjamin2010">Benjamin (2010)</a>, p. 25, മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ: ഒരു പുനഃപരിശോധന [Marthandavarma: A Re-examination]. കാല്പനികപ്രണയത്തിന്റെ മുഗ്ധമായ ഭാവഭംഗികൾ ആദ്യം പ്രകടിതമാകുന്നതും മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മയിൽതന്നെ. [The elegant expression of romantic love is first displayed in Marthandavarma.] </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBenjamin201025''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ'':_ഒരു_പുനഃപരിശോധന_[''Marthandavarma'':_A_Re-examination]._പ്രതീക്ഷകൾക്കെതിരായ_പ്രതീക്ഷയോടെ_കാത്തിരിക്കുന്ന_പാറുക്കുട്ടി..._...സുലൈഖ_'നളിനി'ക്കും_'ലീല'ക്കും_മുമ്പേ_മലയാളം_കണ്ട_കാല്പനികപ്രണയനായികയത്രേ.[...hopeful_awaiting_of_Parukutty_against_expectations..._...Zulaikha_is_the_romantic_lover_seen_in_Malayalam_before_'Naḷiṉi'_and_'Līla'.]-105"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBenjamin201025''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ'':_ഒരു_പുനഃപരിശോധന_[''Marthandavarma'':_A_Re-examination]._പ്രതീക്ഷകൾക്കെതിരായ_പ്രതീക്ഷയോടെ_കാത്തിരിക്കുന്ന_പാറുക്കുട്ടി..._...സുലൈഖ_'നളിനി'ക്കും_'ലീല'ക്കും_മുമ്പേ_മലയാളം_കണ്ട_കാല്പനികപ്രണയനായികയത്രേ.[...hopeful_awaiting_of_Parukutty_against_expectations..._...Zulaikha_is_the_romantic_lover_seen_in_Malayalam_before_'Naḷiṉi'_and_'Līla'.]_105-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBenjamin2010">Benjamin (2010)</a>, p. 25, മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ: ഒരു പുനഃപരിശോധന [Marthandavarma: A Re-examination]. പ്രതീക്ഷകൾക്കെതിരായ പ്രതീക്ഷയോടെ കാത്തിരിക്കുന്ന പാറുക്കുട്ടി... ...സുലൈഖ 'നളിനി'ക്കും 'ലീല'ക്കും മുമ്പേ മലയാളം കണ്ട കാല്പനികപ്രണയനായികയത്രേ.[...hopeful awaiting of Parukutty against expectations... ...Zulaikha is the romantic lover seen in Malayalam before 'Naḷiṉi' and 'Līla'.]. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBenjamin201026''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ'':_ഒരു_പുനഃപരിശോധന_[''Marthandavarma'':_A_Re-examination]._''പ്രൊമെത്യൂസ്_അൺബൗണ്ടി''ലെ_'മെഡൂസ'യും_ബ്ലേക്കിന്റെ_അപ്പോക്കാലിപ്റ്റിക്_കവിതകളിലെ_ബിംബകല്പനകളും_സൃഷ്ടിക്കുന്ന_അപസാമാന്യമായ_കാല്പനികാനുഭവത്തിന്റെ_ഒരംശം_സുഭദ്രയുടെ_വ്യക്തിത്വത്തിൽ_ലയിച്ചിരിക്കുന്നു._[An_aspect_of_the_unusual_feel_of_romanticism_create_by_'Medusa'_of_''Prometheus_Unbound''_and_by_imaginations_of_images_in_the_poetry_of_Blake_is_blended_in_the_personality_of_Subhadra.]_...കാല്പനികമായ_ഭാവശബളത_നിറഞ്ഞ_ഒരു_സങ്കീർണ്ണചിത്രമാണ്_സുഭദ്രയുടേത്._ഈ_വൈരുദ്ധ്യവിശിഷ്ടമായ_സങ്കീർണ്ണതയ്കക്ക്_വല്ലാത്തൊരാകർഷകത്വമുണ്ട്._[...Subhadra's_is_a_complex_picture,_which_is_romantically_multicolored._This_conflict-oriented_complexity_has_an_unbearable_attraction.]-106"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBenjamin201026''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ'':_ഒരു_പുനഃപരിശോധന_[''Marthandavarma'':_A_Re-examination]._''പ്രൊമെത്യൂസ്_അൺബൗണ്ടി''ലെ_'മെഡൂസ'യും_ബ്ലേക്കിന്റെ_അപ്പോക്കാലിപ്റ്റിക്_കവിതകളിലെ_ബിംബകല്പനകളും_സൃഷ്ടിക്കുന്ന_അപസാമാന്യമായ_കാല്പനികാനുഭവത്തിന്റെ_ഒരംശം_സുഭദ്രയുടെ_വ്യക്തിത്വത്തിൽ_ലയിച്ചിരിക്കുന്നു._[An_aspect_of_the_unusual_feel_of_romanticism_create_by_'Medusa'_of_''Prometheus_Unbound''_and_by_imaginations_of_images_in_the_poetry_of_Blake_is_blended_in_the_personality_of_Subhadra.]_...കാല്പനികമായ_ഭാവശബളത_നിറഞ്ഞ_ഒരു_സങ്കീർണ്ണചിത്രമാണ്_സുഭദ്രയുടേത്._ഈ_വൈരുദ്ധ്യവിശിഷ്ടമായ_സങ്കീർണ്ണതയ്കക്ക്_വല്ലാത്തൊരാകർഷകത്വമുണ്ട്._[...Subhadra's_is_a_complex_picture,_which_is_romantically_multicolored._This_conflict-oriented_complexity_has_an_unbearable_attraction.]_106-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBenjamin2010">Benjamin (2010)</a>, p. 26, മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ: ഒരു പുനഃപരിശോധന [Marthandavarma: A Re-examination]. പ്രൊമെത്യൂസ് അൺബൗണ്ടിലെ 'മെഡൂസ'യും ബ്ലേക്കിന്റെ അപ്പോക്കാലിപ്റ്റിക് കവിതകളിലെ ബിംബകല്പനകളും സൃഷ്ടിക്കുന്ന അപസാമാന്യമായ കാല്പനികാനുഭവത്തിന്റെ ഒരംശം സുഭദ്രയുടെ വ്യക്തിത്വത്തിൽ ലയിച്ചിരിക്കുന്നു. [An aspect of the unusual feel of romanticism create by 'Medusa' of Prometheus Unbound and by imaginations of images in the poetry of Blake is blended in the personality of Subhadra.] ...കാല്പനികമായ ഭാവശബളത നിറഞ്ഞ ഒരു സങ്കീർണ്ണചിത്രമാണ് സുഭദ്രയുടേത്. ഈ വൈരുദ്ധ്യവിശിഷ്ടമായ സങ്കീർണ്ണതയ്കക്ക് വല്ലാത്തൊരാകർഷകത്വമുണ്ട്. [...Subhadra's is a complex picture, which is romantically multicolored. This conflict-oriented complexity has an unbearable attraction.]. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEA._M._Vasudevan_Pillai199143സി._വി._രാമൻപിള്ളയുടെ_രാഷ്ട്രീയ_നോവലുകൾ_[Political_novels_of_C._V._Raman_Pillai]-107"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEA._M._Vasudevan_Pillai199143സി._വി._രാമൻപിള്ളയുടെ_രാഷ്ട്രീയ_നോവലുകൾ_[Political_novels_of_C._V._Raman_Pillai]_107-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFA._M._Vasudevan_Pillai1991">A. M. Vasudevan Pillai (1991)</a>, p. 43, സി. വി. രാമൻപിള്ളയുടെ രാഷ്ട്രീയ നോവലുകൾ [Political novels of C. V. Raman Pillai]. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Dēśacaritraṁ_Si.Vi.yuṭe_Nōvalukaḷil''201336Benjamin201018''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ'':_ഒരു_പുനഃപരിശോധന_[''Marthandavarma'':_A_Re-examination]-108"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Dēśacaritraṁ_Si.Vi.yuṭe_Nōvalukaḷil''201336Benjamin201018''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ'':_ഒരു_പുനഃപരിശോധന_[''Marthandavarma'':_A_Re-examination]_108-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFDēśacaritraṁ_Si.Vi.yuṭe_Nōvalukaḷil2013">Dēśacaritraṁ Si.Vi.yuṭe Nōvalukaḷil (2013)</a>, p. 36. തിരുവിതാംകൂറിന്റെ രാഷ്ട്രീയ ചരിത്രത്തിലെ ഉപജാപങ്ങളും അധികാരത്തിനുവേണ്ടിയുള്ള മല്പിടിത്തവും ആഭ്യന്തരകലാപങ്ങളുമാണ് മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ മുതൽ... ...നോവലുകളിലെ പ്രമേയം. [The conspiracies, power struggle, internal agitations in the political history of Travancore are the themes in novels from Marthandavarma...]; <a href="#CITEREFBenjamin2010">Benjamin (2010)</a>, p. 18, മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ: ഒരു പുനഃപരിശോധന [Marthandavarma: A Re-examination]. ...നോവലെന്ന നിലയ്ക്ക് ഈ കൃതിയുടെ മഹത്വം ഈ ചരിത്രപശ്ചാത്തലത്തെയല്ല ആശ്രയിച്ചിരിക്കുന്നത്. നോവലിന് സുനിശ്ചിതമായ ഒരു കാലവും സ്ഥലവും ക്രിയാപദ്ധതിക്കടിസ്ഥാനമായ സംഘർഷത്തിന്റെ ബീജവും നൽകുക എന്ന ധർമ്മമാണ് ഈ ചരിത്രപശ്ചാത്തലം നിർവഹിക്കുന്നത്. [...as a novel the greatness of this work is not dependent on this historical background. This historical background accomplishes the ethic, which provides a suitable period, location and a cause for the conflict, which is base to course of action in the novel.] </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Si._Vi._Rāman_Piḷḷa''_by_Dr._Ayyappa_Paniker199339..._രാഷ്ട്രീയവും_സാമൂഹികവുമായ_അന്തർധാരകൾ..._[...political_and_social_undercurrents...]_രാഷ്ട്രീയപരമായി_നോക്കിയാൽ_''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ''യിലെ_പ്രശ്നം_അധികാരത്തിന്റെ,_രാജാ—പ്രജാ_ബന്ധത്തിന്റെ_പ്രശ്നം_തന്നെയാണ്._[If_perceived_politically,_the_issue_in_''Marthandavarma''_is_power,_rather_the_issue_is_conflict_between_the_ruler_and_the_ruled.]-109"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Si._Vi._Rāman_Piḷḷa''_by_Dr._Ayyappa_Paniker199339..._രാഷ്ട്രീയവും_സാമൂഹികവുമായ_അന്തർധാരകൾ..._[...political_and_social_undercurrents...]_രാഷ്ട്രീയപരമായി_നോക്കിയാൽ_''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ''യിലെ_പ്രശ്നം_അധികാരത്തിന്റെ,_രാജാ—പ്രജാ_ബന്ധത്തിന്റെ_പ്രശ്നം_തന്നെയാണ്._[If_perceived_politically,_the_issue_in_''Marthandavarma''_is_power,_rather_the_issue_is_conflict_between_the_ruler_and_the_ruled.]_109-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSi._Vi._Rāman_Piḷḷa_by_Dr._Ayyappa_Paniker1993">Si. Vi. Rāman Piḷḷa by Dr. Ayyappa Paniker (1993)</a>, p. 39, ... രാഷ്ട്രീയവും സാമൂഹികവുമായ അന്തർധാരകൾ... [...political and social undercurrents...] രാഷ്ട്രീയപരമായി നോക്കിയാൽ മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മയിലെ പ്രശ്നം അധികാരത്തിന്റെ, രാജാ—പ്രജാ ബന്ധത്തിന്റെ പ്രശ്നം തന്നെയാണ്. [If perceived politically, the issue in Marthandavarma is power, rather the issue is conflict between the ruler and the ruled.]. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBenjamin201019''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ'':_ഒരു_പുനഃപരിശോധന_[''Marthandavarma'':_A_Re-examination]._ഈ_രാഷ്ട്രീയസംഘർഷത്തിനു_സാമൂഹികമായ_ഒരു_മാനം_കൂടിയുണ്ട്._[This_political_conflict_has_a_social_space_too.]''Dēśacaritraṁ_Si.Vi.yuṭe_Nōvalukaḷil''201340-110"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBenjamin201019''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ'':_ഒരു_പുനഃപരിശോധന_[''Marthandavarma'':_A_Re-examination]._ഈ_രാഷ്ട്രീയസംഘർഷത്തിനു_സാമൂഹികമായ_ഒരു_മാനം_കൂടിയുണ്ട്._[This_political_conflict_has_a_social_space_too.]''Dēśacaritraṁ_Si.Vi.yuṭe_Nōvalukaḷil''201340_110-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBenjamin2010">Benjamin (2010)</a>, p. 19, മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ: ഒരു പുനഃപരിശോധന [Marthandavarma: A Re-examination]. ഈ രാഷ്ട്രീയസംഘർഷത്തിനു സാമൂഹികമായ ഒരു മാനം കൂടിയുണ്ട്. [This political conflict has a social space too.]; <a href="#CITEREFDēśacaritraṁ_Si.Vi.yuṭe_Nōvalukaḷil2013">Dēśacaritraṁ Si.Vi.yuṭe Nōvalukaḷil (2013)</a>, p. 40. ചരിത്രപരമായി നോക്കുമ്പോൾ ക്ഷത്രിയരിൽ നിന്ന് രാജാധികാരം പിടിച്ചെടുക്കാൻ നായന്മാർ-തമ്പിമാർ നടത്തിയ പരാജയപ്പെട്ട സമരമായും... [If previewed historically, the failed agitation by Nairs-Thambies to conquer power from Kshatriyas...] </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Dēśacaritraṁ_Si.Vi.yuṭe_Nōvalukaḷil''201340മരുമക്കത്തായത്തിനെതിരെ_കലാപം_പൊട്ടിപ്പുറപ്പെടുന്നതും_അതടിച്ചമർത്തുന്നതുമാണ്_ഒരർത്ഥത്തിൽ_''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ''യുടെ_അടിസ്ഥാനപ്രമേയം._[The_eruption_of_revolt_against_the_collateral_succession_through_maternal_nephews,_and_the_suppression_of_that_(revolt)_is_the_basic_theme_of_''Marthandavarma''.]-111"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Dēśacaritraṁ_Si.Vi.yuṭe_Nōvalukaḷil''201340മരുമക്കത്തായത്തിനെതിരെ_കലാപം_പൊട്ടിപ്പുറപ്പെടുന്നതും_അതടിച്ചമർത്തുന്നതുമാണ്_ഒരർത്ഥത്തിൽ_''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ''യുടെ_അടിസ്ഥാനപ്രമേയം._[The_eruption_of_revolt_against_the_collateral_succession_through_maternal_nephews,_and_the_suppression_of_that_(revolt)_is_the_basic_theme_of_''Marthandavarma''.]_111-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFDēśacaritraṁ_Si.Vi.yuṭe_Nōvalukaḷil2013">Dēśacaritraṁ Si.Vi.yuṭe Nōvalukaḷil (2013)</a>, p. 40, മരുമക്കത്തായത്തിനെതിരെ കലാപം പൊട്ടിപ്പുറപ്പെടുന്നതും അതടിച്ചമർത്തുന്നതുമാണ് ഒരർത്ഥത്തിൽ മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മയുടെ അടിസ്ഥാനപ്രമേയം. [The eruption of revolt against the collateral succession through maternal nephews, and the suppression of that (revolt) is the basic theme of Marthandavarma.]. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKalpatta_Balakrishnan200560–61സി._വി._രാമൻ_പിള്ള_[C._V._Raman_Pillai]-112"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKalpatta_Balakrishnan200560–61സി._വി._രാമൻ_പിള്ള_[C._V._Raman_Pillai]_112-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFKalpatta_Balakrishnan2005">Kalpatta Balakrishnan (2005)</a>, pp. 60–61, സി. വി. രാമൻ പിള്ള [C. V. Raman Pillai]. മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മയിൽ രാജാവും രാജപദമോഹികളും തമ്മിലുള്ള സംഘട്ടനമാണ് സുപ്രധാനം [In Marthandavarma, the fight between king and kingship seekers.]...അതിനാൽത്തന്നെ പ്രജകളും രാജാവും തമ്മിലുള്ള സംഘട്ടനമല്ല മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മയിലെ മുഖ്യപ്രമേയം. [...so, the fight between the ruled and ruler is not the main theme in Marthandavarma.] </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Dēśacaritraṁ_Si.Vi.yuṭe_Nōvalukaḷil''201340._...രാജാധികാരം_സ്ഥാപിക്കുകയാണ്_മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ_രാജാവ്_ചെയ്തത്._ആദ്യനോവലിന്റെ_രാഷ്ട്രീയമായ_അർത്ഥമാനം_ഈ_അധികാരത്തിന്റെ_ബലാത്കാരമായ_പിടിച്ചെടുക്കലാണ്._[...Marthanda_Varma_did_the_establishment_of_royal_power._The_political_significance_of_first_novel_is_the_forceful_acquisition_of_this_power.]Benjamin201018–19''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ'':_ഒരു_പുനഃപരിശോധന_[''Marthandavarma'':_A_Re-examination]._''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ''യിൽ_സൂചിതമാകുന്ന_ചരിത്രസന്ധിയുടെ_പ്രസക്തി_അത്_രാഷ്ട്രീയാധികാരം_പിടിച്ചെടുക്കാനുള്ള_മൽസരത്തിന്റേതാണെന്നാണ്._ഇതിവൃത്തശില്പത്തിന്റെ_മുഖ്യസൂത്രംതന്നെ_ഈ_അധികാരവടംവലിയും_അതിന്റെ_പരിണാമവുമാണല്ലോ._[The_relevance_of_historical_juncture_indicated_in_''Marthandavarma''_is_that_it_is_about_the_contest_to_acquire_political_power._The_main_idea_of_plot_structure_is_this_power_struggle_and_its_conclusion.]_''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ'':_ഒരു_പുനഃപരിശോധന_[''Marthandavarma'':_A_Re-examination]-113"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Dēśacaritraṁ_Si.Vi.yuṭe_Nōvalukaḷil''201340._...രാജാധികാരം_സ്ഥാപിക്കുകയാണ്_മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ_രാജാവ്_ചെയ്തത്._ആദ്യനോവലിന്റെ_രാഷ്ട്രീയമായ_അർത്ഥമാനം_ഈ_അധികാരത്തിന്റെ_ബലാത്കാരമായ_പിടിച്ചെടുക്കലാണ്._[...Marthanda_Varma_did_the_establishment_of_royal_power._The_political_significance_of_first_novel_is_the_forceful_acquisition_of_this_power.]Benjamin201018–19''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ'':_ഒരു_പുനഃപരിശോധന_[''Marthandavarma'':_A_Re-examination]._''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ''യിൽ_സൂചിതമാകുന്ന_ചരിത്രസന്ധിയുടെ_പ്രസക്തി_അത്_രാഷ്ട്രീയാധികാരം_പിടിച്ചെടുക്കാനുള്ള_മൽസരത്തിന്റേതാണെന്നാണ്._ഇതിവൃത്തശില്പത്തിന്റെ_മുഖ്യസൂത്രംതന്നെ_ഈ_അധികാരവടംവലിയും_അതിന്റെ_പരിണാമവുമാണല്ലോ._[The_relevance_of_historical_juncture_indicated_in_''Marthandavarma''_is_that_it_is_about_the_contest_to_acquire_political_power._The_main_idea_of_plot_structure_is_this_power_struggle_and_its_conclusion.]_''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ'':_ഒരു_പുനഃപരിശോധന_[''Marthandavarma'':_A_Re-examination]_113-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFDēśacaritraṁ_Si.Vi.yuṭe_Nōvalukaḷil2013">Dēśacaritraṁ Si.Vi.yuṭe Nōvalukaḷil (2013)</a>, p. 40, . ...രാജാധികാരം സ്ഥാപിക്കുകയാണ് മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ രാജാവ് ചെയ്തത്. ആദ്യനോവലിന്റെ രാഷ്ട്രീയമായ അർത്ഥമാനം ഈ അധികാരത്തിന്റെ ബലാത്കാരമായ പിടിച്ചെടുക്കലാണ്. [...Marthanda Varma did the establishment of royal power. The political significance of first novel is the forceful acquisition of this power.]; <a href="#CITEREFBenjamin2010">Benjamin (2010)</a>, pp. 18–19, മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ: ഒരു പുനഃപരിശോധന [Marthandavarma: A Re-examination]. മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മയിൽ സൂചിതമാകുന്ന ചരിത്രസന്ധിയുടെ പ്രസക്തി അത് രാഷ്ട്രീയാധികാരം പിടിച്ചെടുക്കാനുള്ള മൽസരത്തിന്റേതാണെന്നാണ്. ഇതിവൃത്തശില്പത്തിന്റെ മുഖ്യസൂത്രംതന്നെ ഈ അധികാരവടംവലിയും അതിന്റെ പരിണാമവുമാണല്ലോ. [The relevance of historical juncture indicated in Marthandavarma is that it is about the contest to acquire political power. The main idea of plot structure is this power struggle and its conclusion.] മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ: ഒരു പുനഃപരിശോധന [Marthandavarma: A Re-examination]. അതുകൊണ്ടുതന്നെ മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മയെ ഒരു രാഷ്ട്രീയനോവലായിക്കാണുകയല്ലേ... [So, its better to see Marthandavarma as a political novel...] </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKalpatta_Balakrishnan200561സി._വി._രാമൻ_പിള്ള_[C._V._Raman_Pillai]._ഈ_സ്വാന്ത്ര്യബുദ്ധി,_ഒരു_ഗ്രാമീണകർഷകന്റെ_നിഷ്കളങ്കമായ_രാജത്വവിമർശനമായി_മാങ്കോയിക്കൽ_കുറുപ്പിലൂടെയും..._[This_freedom_of_thought_through_Mangoikkal_Kuruppu's_honest_criticism_of_kingship...]-114"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKalpatta_Balakrishnan200561സി._വി._രാമൻ_പിള്ള_[C._V._Raman_Pillai]._ഈ_സ്വാന്ത്ര്യബുദ്ധി,_ഒരു_ഗ്രാമീണകർഷകന്റെ_നിഷ്കളങ്കമായ_രാജത്വവിമർശനമായി_മാങ്കോയിക്കൽ_കുറുപ്പിലൂടെയും..._[This_freedom_of_thought_through_Mangoikkal_Kuruppu's_honest_criticism_of_kingship...]_114-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFKalpatta_Balakrishnan2005">Kalpatta Balakrishnan (2005)</a>, p. 61, സി. വി. രാമൻ പിള്ള [C. V. Raman Pillai]. ഈ സ്വാന്ത്ര്യബുദ്ധി, ഒരു ഗ്രാമീണകർഷകന്റെ നിഷ്കളങ്കമായ രാജത്വവിമർശനമായി മാങ്കോയിക്കൽ കുറുപ്പിലൂടെയും... [This freedom of thought through Mangoikkal Kuruppu's honest criticism of kingship...]. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKalpatta_Balakrishnan200561സി._വി._രാമൻ_പിള്ള_[C._V._Raman_Pillai]._''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ''യിലെ_ക്രിയാചടുലതയിൽ_ഏറ്റവും_കൂടുതൽ_പ്രതികരണം_സൃഷ്ടിക്കുന്ന_കഥാപാത്രം_സുഭദ്രയായത്..._[...that_Subhadra_became_the_character_that_creates_maximum_responses_within_the_speed_of_events_in_''Marthandavarma''.]_''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ''യിലെ_ഏക_രാഷ്ട്രീയകഥാപാത്രം_സുഭദ്രയാണ്._[Subhadra_is_the_only_political_character_in_''Marthandavarma''.]''Rājanītiyuṁ_Prajādhaṟmmavuṁ''201320-115"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKalpatta_Balakrishnan200561സി._വി._രാമൻ_പിള്ള_[C._V._Raman_Pillai]._''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ''യിലെ_ക്രിയാചടുലതയിൽ_ഏറ്റവും_കൂടുതൽ_പ്രതികരണം_സൃഷ്ടിക്കുന്ന_കഥാപാത്രം_സുഭദ്രയായത്..._[...that_Subhadra_became_the_character_that_creates_maximum_responses_within_the_speed_of_events_in_''Marthandavarma''.]_''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ''യിലെ_ഏക_രാഷ്ട്രീയകഥാപാത്രം_സുഭദ്രയാണ്._[Subhadra_is_the_only_political_character_in_''Marthandavarma''.]''Rājanītiyuṁ_Prajādhaṟmmavuṁ''201320_115-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFKalpatta_Balakrishnan2005">Kalpatta Balakrishnan (2005)</a>, p. 61, സി. വി. രാമൻ പിള്ള [C. V. Raman Pillai]. മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മയിലെ ക്രിയാചടുലതയിൽ ഏറ്റവും കൂടുതൽ പ്രതികരണം സൃഷ്ടിക്കുന്ന കഥാപാത്രം സുഭദ്രയായത്... [...that Subhadra became the character that creates maximum responses within the speed of events in Marthandavarma.] മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മയിലെ ഏക രാഷ്ട്രീയകഥാപാത്രം സുഭദ്രയാണ്. [Subhadra is the only political character in Marthandavarma.]; <a href="#CITEREFRājanītiyuṁ_Prajādhaṟmmavuṁ2013">Rājanītiyuṁ Prajādhaṟmmavuṁ (2013)</a>, p. 20. ...രാജവംശത്തെയും രാജാധികാരത്തെയും രാജനീതിയെയും തന്നെയാണ് മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ ഈ നോവലിൽ... [..in this novel Marthanda Varma represents royal lineage, royal power and royal justice...] </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Rājanītiyuṁ_Prajādhaṟmmavuṁ''2013p.20-116"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Rājanītiyuṁ_Prajādhaṟmmavuṁ''2013p.20_116-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFRājanītiyuṁ_Prajādhaṟmmavuṁ2013">Rājanītiyuṁ Prajādhaṟmmavuṁ (2013)</a>, p.20. ..സുഭദ്ര രാജ്യസ്നേഹപ്രചോദിതമായ പ്രജാധർമ്മാനുഷ്ഠാനത്തിന്റെ മറ്റൊരു ... [..Subhadra is an image of code of conduct influenced by patriotism...] </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Caritrākhyāyikakaḷkk_Orāmukhaṁ''200925-117"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Caritrākhyāyikakaḷkk_Orāmukhaṁ''200925_117-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFCaritrākhyāyikakaḷkk_Orāmukhaṁ2009">Caritrākhyāyikakaḷkk Orāmukhaṁ (2009)</a>, p. 25, സിംഹാസനത്തിനുവേണ്ടി, അല്ലെങ്കിൽ ഭരണസ്ഥാനത്തിനവവേണ്ടി നേരിട്ടുള്ള അവകാശവാദവും, വെല്ലുവിളിയും സമരവും മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മയിൽ നഗ്നമായി കാണാം. ആ സമരത്തിലെ ക്രിയാംശമാണ് നോവലിന്റെ നീല ഞരമ്പുകൾ. ഇതൊരു വിട്ടവീഴ്ചയില്ലാത്ത സമരവും ഈ സരത്തിന്റെ ഫലം രാജഭരണത്തെ നയിച്ചിരുന്ന ദായക്രമത്തെ മാറ്റിമറിക്കാവുന്നതുമാണ്. [The direct claim, challenge and agitation for the throne or the ruling position can be seen nakedly in Marthandavarma. The aspect of action in that, agitations are the blue veins of novel. This is a no-compromise agitation and result of the agitation is to topple the rule of succession that led the kingship.] </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Caritrākhyāyikakaḷkk_Orāmukhaṁ''200926-118"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Caritrākhyāyikakaḷkk_Orāmukhaṁ''200926_118-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFCaritrākhyāyikakaḷkk_Orāmukhaṁ2009">Caritrākhyāyikakaḷkk Orāmukhaṁ (2009)</a>, p. 26, ...സിംഹാസനത്തിന് ചുറ്റും നടക്കുന്ന വിധിനിർണ്ണായകമായ ഒരു അധികാരസമരം. അതാണ് മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മയെ കൂടുതലളവിൽ നിർബന്ധമായി ഒരു അധികാരരാഷ്ട്രീയ സമരത്തിന്റെ ചരിത്രമാക്കുന്നത്. [...a fate-decisive power struggle around the throne. That makes Marthandavarma moreover, compulsorily a history of power-politics-agitation.] </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Śatābdi_Praśasti''200913''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ''_പ്രതിനിധാനം_ചെയ്യുന്ന_രാജസ്ഥാനത്തെയാണ്,_രാജാവായ_വ്യക്തിയെയല്ല_സി._വി._ഉയർത്തിക്കാട്ടുന്നത്._[C._V._raises_the_royal_position_in_''Marthandavarma''_not_the_royal_head.]''Si._Vi._Rāman_Piḷḷa''_by_Dr._Ayyappa_Paniker199339''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ''യിലെ_ചരിത്രം_നോവലിസ്റ്റ്_സംഘടിപ്പിച്ചെടുത്ത_ചരിത്രാവബോധമാണ്._[History_in_''Marthandavarma''_is_historical_awareness_constituted_by_the_novelist.]-119"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Śatābdi_Praśasti''200913''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ''_പ്രതിനിധാനം_ചെയ്യുന്ന_രാജസ്ഥാനത്തെയാണ്,_രാജാവായ_വ്യക്തിയെയല്ല_സി._വി._ഉയർത്തിക്കാട്ടുന്നത്._[C._V._raises_the_royal_position_in_''Marthandavarma''_not_the_royal_head.]''Si._Vi._Rāman_Piḷḷa''_by_Dr._Ayyappa_Paniker199339''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ''യിലെ_ചരിത്രം_നോവലിസ്റ്റ്_സംഘടിപ്പിച്ചെടുത്ത_ചരിത്രാവബോധമാണ്._[History_in_''Marthandavarma''_is_historical_awareness_constituted_by_the_novelist.]_119-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFŚatābdi_Praśasti2009">Śatābdi Praśasti (2009)</a>, p. 13, മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ പ്രതിനിധാനം ചെയ്യുന്ന രാജസ്ഥാനത്തെയാണ്, രാജാവായ വ്യക്തിയെയല്ല സി. വി. ഉയർത്തിക്കാട്ടുന്നത്. [C. V. raises the royal position in Marthandavarma not the royal head.]; <a href="#CITEREFSi._Vi._Rāman_Piḷḷa_by_Dr._Ayyappa_Paniker1993">Si. Vi. Rāman Piḷḷa by Dr. Ayyappa Paniker (1993)</a>, p. 39, മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മയിലെ ചരിത്രം നോവലിസ്റ്റ് സംഘടിപ്പിച്ചെടുത്ത ചരിത്രാവബോധമാണ്. [History in Marthandavarma is historical awareness constituted by the novelist.]. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Si._Vi._Rāman_Piḷḷa''_by_Dr._Ayyappa_Paniker199339ചരിത്രപശ്ചാത്തലം_മാറ്റിനിർത്തി_നോക്കുകയാണെങ്കിൽ_നന്മതിന്മകൾ_തമ്മിലുള്ള_സംഘർഷത്തിന്റെ_നാടകീയാവതരണമാണ്_''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ''യിൽ_കാണാവുന്നത്._[Dramatic_presentation_of_feud_between_the_good_and_bad_is_seen_in_''Marthandavarma'',_when_the_historical_background_is_kept_apart.]_...ദുരന്തനാടകങ്ങളിലെന്നപോലെ_തിന്മയുടെ_ആത്യന്തികപരാജയവും_നന്മയുടെ_ഭാഗികവിജയവും_ആണ്._[...complete_failure_of_sin_and_partial_win_of_goodness_as_in_tragedy_plays.]-120"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Si._Vi._Rāman_Piḷḷa''_by_Dr._Ayyappa_Paniker199339ചരിത്രപശ്ചാത്തലം_മാറ്റിനിർത്തി_നോക്കുകയാണെങ്കിൽ_നന്മതിന്മകൾ_തമ്മിലുള്ള_സംഘർഷത്തിന്റെ_നാടകീയാവതരണമാണ്_''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ''യിൽ_കാണാവുന്നത്._[Dramatic_presentation_of_feud_between_the_good_and_bad_is_seen_in_''Marthandavarma'',_when_the_historical_background_is_kept_apart.]_...ദുരന്തനാടകങ്ങളിലെന്നപോലെ_തിന്മയുടെ_ആത്യന്തികപരാജയവും_നന്മയുടെ_ഭാഗികവിജയവും_ആണ്._[...complete_failure_of_sin_and_partial_win_of_goodness_as_in_tragedy_plays.]_120-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSi._Vi._Rāman_Piḷḷa_by_Dr._Ayyappa_Paniker1993">Si. Vi. Rāman Piḷḷa by Dr. Ayyappa Paniker (1993)</a>, p. 39, ചരിത്രപശ്ചാത്തലം മാറ്റിനിർത്തി നോക്കുകയാണെങ്കിൽ നന്മതിന്മകൾ തമ്മിലുള്ള സംഘർഷത്തിന്റെ നാടകീയാവതരണമാണ് മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മയിൽ കാണാവുന്നത്. [Dramatic presentation of feud between the good and bad is seen in Marthandavarma, when the historical background is kept apart.] ...ദുരന്തനാടകങ്ങളിലെന്നപോലെ തിന്മയുടെ ആത്യന്തികപരാജയവും നന്മയുടെ ഭാഗികവിജയവും ആണ്. [...complete failure of sin and partial win of goodness as in tragedy plays.]. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEK._M._Tharakan200551ഭാഗം_രണ്ട്_[Part_Two]._ദേവാസുരന്മാരെന്നപോലെ_ഉത്തമന്മാരും_അധമന്മാരുമായ_കഥാപാത്രങ്ങൾ_രണ്ടു_ചേരിയിലായി_നില്ക്കുന്നു._സംഘട്ടനവും_ആരംഭിക്കുന്നു._[Respectable_and_despicable_characters_stands_on_two_sides_like_devas_and_asuras._The_fight_also_begin.]-121"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEK._M._Tharakan200551ഭാഗം_രണ്ട്_[Part_Two]._ദേവാസുരന്മാരെന്നപോലെ_ഉത്തമന്മാരും_അധമന്മാരുമായ_കഥാപാത്രങ്ങൾ_രണ്ടു_ചേരിയിലായി_നില്ക്കുന്നു._സംഘട്ടനവും_ആരംഭിക്കുന്നു._[Respectable_and_despicable_characters_stands_on_two_sides_like_devas_and_asuras._The_fight_also_begin.]_121-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFK._M._Tharakan2005">K. M. Tharakan (2005)</a>, p. 51, ഭാഗം രണ്ട് [Part Two]. ദേവാസുരന്മാരെന്നപോലെ ഉത്തമന്മാരും അധമന്മാരുമായ കഥാപാത്രങ്ങൾ രണ്ടു ചേരിയിലായി നില്ക്കുന്നു. സംഘട്ടനവും ആരംഭിക്കുന്നു. [Respectable and despicable characters stands on two sides like devas and asuras. The fight also begin.]. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEK._M._Tharakan200551ഭാഗം_രണ്ട്_[Part_Two]._ഈ_യുദ്ധത്തിലും_ജയിക്കുന്നത്_ദേവന്മാർ_തന്നെ._ക്രിയാപ്രധാനമായ_''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ''യിൽ_ലോകതത്ത്വോപദേശത്തിനു_സി._വി._അവിടവിടെ_മുതിരുന്നുവെങ്കിലും_മാനവചിത്തവൃത്തികളെ_അനാവരണം_ചെയ്യാൻ_ഗൗരവപൂർവ്വം_പരിശ്രമിക്കുന്നില്ല._[Devas_win_this_fight._Though_C._V._attempts_to_preach_global_philosophy_in_the_action_oriented_''Marthandavarma'',_serious_effort_is_not_taken_to_unveil_human_mindset.]''Nōvalsāhityaṁ''1991141ഭാഷാനോവൽ–സി._വി._രാമൻപിള്ള_[Novel_in_Language_–_C._V._Raman_Pilla]-122"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEK._M._Tharakan200551ഭാഗം_രണ്ട്_[Part_Two]._ഈ_യുദ്ധത്തിലും_ജയിക്കുന്നത്_ദേവന്മാർ_തന്നെ._ക്രിയാപ്രധാനമായ_''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ''യിൽ_ലോകതത്ത്വോപദേശത്തിനു_സി._വി._അവിടവിടെ_മുതിരുന്നുവെങ്കിലും_മാനവചിത്തവൃത്തികളെ_അനാവരണം_ചെയ്യാൻ_ഗൗരവപൂർവ്വം_പരിശ്രമിക്കുന്നില്ല._[Devas_win_this_fight._Though_C._V._attempts_to_preach_global_philosophy_in_the_action_oriented_''Marthandavarma'',_serious_effort_is_not_taken_to_unveil_human_mindset.]''Nōvalsāhityaṁ''1991141ഭാഷാനോവൽ–സി._വി._രാമൻപിള്ള_[Novel_in_Language_–_C._V._Raman_Pilla]_122-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFK._M._Tharakan2005">K. M. Tharakan (2005)</a>, p. 51, ഭാഗം രണ്ട് [Part Two]. ഈ യുദ്ധത്തിലും ജയിക്കുന്നത് ദേവന്മാർ തന്നെ. ക്രിയാപ്രധാനമായ മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മയിൽ ലോകതത്ത്വോപദേശത്തിനു സി. വി. അവിടവിടെ മുതിരുന്നുവെങ്കിലും മാനവചിത്തവൃത്തികളെ അനാവരണം ചെയ്യാൻ ഗൗരവപൂർവ്വം പരിശ്രമിക്കുന്നില്ല. [Devas win this fight. Though C. V. attempts to preach global philosophy in the action oriented Marthandavarma, serious effort is not taken to unveil human mindset.]; <a href="#CITEREFNōvalsāhityaṁ1991">Nōvalsāhityaṁ (1991)</a>, p. 141, ഭാഷാനോവൽ–സി. വി. രാമൻപിള്ള [Novel in Language – C. V. Raman Pilla]. മനുഷ്യഹൃദയത്തിന്റെ അതിസൂക്ഷ്മങ്ങളായ വികാരഭേദങ്ങൾ ചിത്രീകരിക്കുവാൻ മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മാ കർത്താവിന്നുള്ളതിനു തുല്യമായ പാടവം... [..the equivalent skill of Marthandavarma creator to picturize very minute emotional variations of human heart.] </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBenjamin201019–20''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ'':_ഒരു_പുനഃപരിശോധന_[''Marthandavarma'':_A_Re-examination]._...ഈ_നോവലിന്റെ_മോട്ടിഫ്_രാഷ്ട്രീയമാണെന്നാണ്..._[...is_that_novel's_motif_is_politics...]_...രാഷ്ട്രീയ_സംഭവഗതികളല്ല._സവിശേഷമായ_വ്യക്തിബന്ധങ്ങളിൽനിന്നുയിർക്കൊള്ളുന്ന_സമസ്യകളാണ്._[...not_the_course_of_political_events._From_the_problems_that_get_life_from_especial_personal_relations_(of_characters).]-123"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBenjamin201019–20''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ'':_ഒരു_പുനഃപരിശോധന_[''Marthandavarma'':_A_Re-examination]._...ഈ_നോവലിന്റെ_മോട്ടിഫ്_രാഷ്ട്രീയമാണെന്നാണ്..._[...is_that_novel's_motif_is_politics...]_...രാഷ്ട്രീയ_സംഭവഗതികളല്ല._സവിശേഷമായ_വ്യക്തിബന്ധങ്ങളിൽനിന്നുയിർക്കൊള്ളുന്ന_സമസ്യകളാണ്._[...not_the_course_of_political_events._From_the_problems_that_get_life_from_especial_personal_relations_(of_characters).]_123-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBenjamin2010">Benjamin (2010)</a>, pp. 19–20, മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ: ഒരു പുനഃപരിശോധന [Marthandavarma: A Re-examination]. ...ഈ നോവലിന്റെ മോട്ടിഫ് രാഷ്ട്രീയമാണെന്നാണ്... [...is that novel's motif is politics...] ...രാഷ്ട്രീയ സംഭവഗതികളല്ല. സവിശേഷമായ വ്യക്തിബന്ധങ്ങളിൽനിന്നുയിർക്കൊള്ളുന്ന സമസ്യകളാണ്. [...not the course of political events. From the problems that get life from especial personal relations (of characters).]. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Si._Vi._Rāman_Piḷḷa''_by_Dr._Ayyappa_Paniker199342–43മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ_[Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma]-124"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Si._Vi._Rāman_Piḷḷa''_by_Dr._Ayyappa_Paniker199342–43മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ_[Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma]_124-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSi._Vi._Rāman_Piḷḷa_by_Dr._Ayyappa_Paniker1993">Si. Vi. Rāman Piḷḷa by Dr. Ayyappa Paniker (1993)</a>, pp. 42–43, മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ [Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma]. രാജ്യചരിത്രത്തെയും വ്യക്തിബന്ധങ്ങളെയും സമുദായപ്രശ്നങ്ങളെയും ഭാവനയുടെ പരിവേഷമണിയിച്ച് അവതരിപ്പിക്കുന്നതിൽ ആ കൃതി വിജയം വരിച്ചിട്ടുണ്ട്. [That literary work successfully presents the history of the state, interpersonal relationships, and social issues in the outset of imagination.] </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKalpatta_Balakrishnan200562സി._വി._രാമൻ_പിള്ള_[C._V._Raman_Pillai]._...ഒരു_ഡിറ്റക്ടീവ്_കഥാപാത്രത്തിൽനിന്ന്_സുഭദ്രയ്ക്കുള്ള_അന്വേഷണത്വരയുടെ_പ്രസക്തി..._[...the_investigative_intention_of_Subhadra_despite_being_a_detective_character...]Benjamin201030ദുരന്തബോധം_സി._വി._സാഹിത്യത്തിൽ_[Tragic_consciousness_in_C._V._literature]-125"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKalpatta_Balakrishnan200562സി._വി._രാമൻ_പിള്ള_[C._V._Raman_Pillai]._...ഒരു_ഡിറ്റക്ടീവ്_കഥാപാത്രത്തിൽനിന്ന്_സുഭദ്രയ്ക്കുള്ള_അന്വേഷണത്വരയുടെ_പ്രസക്തി..._[...the_investigative_intention_of_Subhadra_despite_being_a_detective_character...]Benjamin201030ദുരന്തബോധം_സി._വി._സാഹിത്യത്തിൽ_[Tragic_consciousness_in_C._V._literature]_125-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFKalpatta_Balakrishnan2005">Kalpatta Balakrishnan (2005)</a>, p. 62, സി. വി. രാമൻ പിള്ള [C. V. Raman Pillai]. ...ഒരു ഡിറ്റക്ടീവ് കഥാപാത്രത്തിൽനിന്ന് സുഭദ്രയ്ക്കുള്ള അന്വേഷണത്വരയുടെ പ്രസക്തി... [...the investigative intention of Subhadra despite being a detective character...]; <a href="#CITEREFBenjamin2010">Benjamin (2010)</a>, p. 30, ദുരന്തബോധം സി. വി. സാഹിത്യത്തിൽ [Tragic consciousness in C. V. literature]. ...പെട്ടെന്നു നമ്മുടെ മനസ്സിൽ തെളിയുക സുഭദ്രയുടെ ... [..very then, Subhadra's... in our mind.] </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBenjamin201020''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ'':_ഒരു_പുനഃപരിശോധന_[''Marthandavarma'':_A_Re-examination]-126"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBenjamin201020''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ'':_ഒരു_പുനഃപരിശോധന_[''Marthandavarma'':_A_Re-examination]_126-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBenjamin2010">Benjamin (2010)</a>, p. 20, മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ: ഒരു പുനഃപരിശോധന [Marthandavarma: A Re-examination]. ...രഹസ്യങ്ങൾ അനാവരണം ചെയ്യാനുള്ള സുഭദ്രയുടെ സ്വകാര്യ പരിശ്രമങ്ങളാണ് ഈ നോവലിന്റെ രസച്ചരട് മുന്നോട്ടു നയിക്കുന്നത്. ഷെർലക് ഹോംസിന്റെ രഹസ്യാന്വേഷണവൈദഗ്ദ്ധ്യം പ്രകടിപ്പിക്കുന്ന സുഭദ്ര... [...the private attempts of Subhadra to unveil the secrets lead the amusement-thread of this novel. Subhadra, who displays Sherlock Holmes' talent of secret investigation...] </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKalpatta_Balakrishnan200586സി._വി._രാമൻ_പിള്ള_[C._V._Raman_Pillai]-127"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKalpatta_Balakrishnan200586സി._വി._രാമൻ_പിള്ള_[C._V._Raman_Pillai]_127-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFKalpatta_Balakrishnan2005">Kalpatta Balakrishnan (2005)</a>, p. 86, സി. വി. രാമൻ പിള്ള [C. V. Raman Pillai]. എട്ടുവീടരുടെ കാടത്തത്തിൽ നിന്ന് ഭിന്നമായി തനിക്കുള്ള അസ്തിത്വമെന്തെന്നറിഞ്ഞവളുടെ സന്തോഷകരമായ ദുരന്തമാണ് മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മയിലുള്ളത്. [ Marthandavarma possesses the delightful tragedy of one, who realized her existence apart from the barbarity of Ettuveettil Pillas.] </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma:_Caritravuṁ_Kalpanayuṁ''2009109-128"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma:_Caritravuṁ_Kalpanayuṁ''2009109_128-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMāṟttāṇḍavaṟmma:_Caritravuṁ_Kalpanayuṁ2009">Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma: Caritravuṁ Kalpanayuṁ (2009)</a>, p. 109. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Peruntaccanṟe_Baliṣṭhaśilpaṅṅaḷ''2013143-129"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Peruntaccanṟe_Baliṣṭhaśilpaṅṅaḷ''2013143_129-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFPeruntaccanṟe_Baliṣṭhaśilpaṅṅaḷ2013">Peruntaccanṟe Baliṣṭhaśilpaṅṅaḷ (2013)</a>, p. 143. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Sūcitasāhityakr̥tikaḷ''2009112-130"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Sūcitasāhityakr̥tikaḷ''2009112_130-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSūcitasāhityakr̥tikaḷ2009">Sūcitasāhityakr̥tikaḷ (2009)</a>, p. 112, ഉദ്ധരണികളിൽ പ്രധാനം, അദ്ധ്യായങ്ങളുടെ ആരംഭത്തിൽ കൊടുത്തിരിക്കുന്ന കഥാസൂചകങ്ങളോ പാത്രസ്വഭാവസൂചകങ്ങളോ ആയ പദ്യശകലങ്ങളാകയാൽ, അവയ്ക്ക് അതതു അദ്ധ്യായങ്ങളിലെ കഥാസന്ദർഭവുമായുള്ള ബന്ധവും ഔചിത്യവും... [As the, verses that are plot-implication or behavior-implication of characters are the important among the quoted ones, the relation and propriety to the context of plot in the respective chapters...] </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEThumpamon_Thomas199242മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മയിലൂടെ_[Through_''Marthandavarma'']-131"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThumpamon_Thomas199242മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മയിലൂടെ_[Through_''Marthandavarma'']_131-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFThumpamon_Thomas1992">Thumpamon Thomas (1992)</a>, p. 42, മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മയിലൂടെ [Through Marthandavarma]. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESreekanta_Kurup200794സ്ഥലകാലദർശനം_[Sight_of_place_and_time]-132"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESreekanta_Kurup200794സ്ഥലകാലദർശനം_[Sight_of_place_and_time]_132-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSreekanta_Kurup2007">Sreekanta Kurup (2007)</a>, p. 94, സ്ഥലകാലദർശനം [Sight of place and time]. ... ഇതിവൃത്തത്തെ ഭംഗിയായി ഉൾക്കൊള്ളുന്നതുമായ ഒരു സ്ഥലഘടനയും അതിനിണങ്ങുന്നതും രാപകലുകളുടെ വ്യവസ്ഥയും പഞ്ചാംഗത്തിന്റെ കൃത്യതയും പാലിക്കുന്ന ഒരു കാലസങ്കൽപ്പവും മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മയിൽ ഇണക്കിയെടുക്കാൻ സി.വി.ക്ക് കഴിഞ്ഞുവെന്നാണ്... [... that C.V. was able to accommodate a geographical structure beautifully comprising the plot with a matching imagination of time, which maintains legitimacy of day and night, as well as the accuracy of almanac ...] </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Caritrākhyāyikakaḷkk_Orāmukhaṁ''200924-133"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Caritrākhyāyikakaḷkk_Orāmukhaṁ''200924_133-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFCaritrākhyāyikakaḷkk_Orāmukhaṁ2009">Caritrākhyāyikakaḷkk Orāmukhaṁ (2009)</a>, p. 24, ദ്രുതഗതിയിൽ നീങ്ങുന്ന സംഭവങ്ങൾ കോർത്തിണക്കിയ സംഭവപ്രധാനമായ ഒരു നോവലാണ് മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ. അതിന്റെ ഘടന സങ്കീർണ്ണമല്ല. [Marthandavarma is an event-oriented novel intertwined with fast moving incidents. Its structure is not complex.] ...കഥ പറഞ്ഞുപോകാനും, വീരപരാക്രമങ്ങൾക്ക് സഹജമായുള്ള ക്രിയാവേഗം പരിരക്ഷിച്ചുകൊണ്ടുപോകാനും, സർവ്വോപരി കഥാപാത്രങ്ങളെ ത്രിമാനങ്ങളിൽ സൃഷ്ടിക്കാനുമുള്ള കഴിവ് മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മയിൽ വ്യക്തമായി കാണാം. [The ability to convey the story telling, to preserve the momentum of action inborn to heroic valor, above all to create the characters in three dimensions can be seen very clearly in Marthandavarma.] </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGeorge_Onakkoor201383നായക_സങ്കല്പം_മലയാള_നോവലിൽ_[Concept_of_Hero_in_Malayalam_Novel]-134"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGeorge_Onakkoor201383നായക_സങ്കല്പം_മലയാള_നോവലിൽ_[Concept_of_Hero_in_Malayalam_Novel]_134-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFGeorge_Onakkoor2013">George Onakkoor (2013)</a>, p. 83, നായക സങ്കല്പം മലയാള നോവലിൽ [Concept of Hero in Malayalam Novel]. നായക കഥാപാത്രങ്ങളായ മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ, അനന്തപത്മനാഭൻ... [lead characters Marthandavarma and Ananthapadmanabhan...] </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Ādyakāla_Malayāḷanōval''201072...''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ''യിലെ_കഥാനായകൻ_അനന്തപത്മനാഭനും_നായിക_പാറുക്കുട്ടിയുമാണെന്ന_..._[...that_the_hero_is_Ananthapadmanabhan_and_heroine_is_Parukutty_in_''Marthandavarma''.]''Nōval_Si.Vi._Mutal_Baṣīṟ_Vare''200972ധർമ്മരാജാ_[Dharmaraja]-135"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Ādyakāla_Malayāḷanōval''201072...''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ''യിലെ_കഥാനായകൻ_അനന്തപത്മനാഭനും_നായിക_പാറുക്കുട്ടിയുമാണെന്ന_..._[...that_the_hero_is_Ananthapadmanabhan_and_heroine_is_Parukutty_in_''Marthandavarma''.]''Nōval_Si.Vi._Mutal_Baṣīṟ_Vare''200972ധർമ്മരാജാ_[Dharmaraja]_135-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFĀdyakāla_Malayāḷanōval2010">Ādyakāla Malayāḷanōval (2010)</a>, p. 72, ...മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മയിലെ കഥാനായകൻ അനന്തപത്മനാഭനും നായിക പാറുക്കുട്ടിയുമാണെന്ന ... [...that the hero is Ananthapadmanabhan and heroine is Parukutty in Marthandavarma.]; <a href="#CITEREFNōval_Si.Vi._Mutal_Baṣīṟ_Vare2009">Nōval Si.Vi. Mutal Baṣīṟ Vare (2009)</a>, p. 72, ധർമ്മരാജാ [Dharmaraja]. ...മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മയിലെ നായിക പാറുക്കുട്ടിയോ സുഭദ്രയോ? ഒരു ദ്വിനായികാസങ്കൽപ്പത്തിനും ഇവിടെ പ്രസക്തിയില്ലേ? [...the heroine of Marthandavarma is Parukutty or Subahadra?. Isn't the concept of dual heroines relevant here?] </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBenjamin201020''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ'':_ഒരു_പുനഃപരിശോധന_[''Marthandavarma'':_A_Re-examination]._ഈ_നോവലിലെ_കഥാനായകൻ_മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ_മഹാരാജാവാണ്._[The_hero_of_this_novel_is_Marthanda_Varma.]-136"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBenjamin201020''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ'':_ഒരു_പുനഃപരിശോധന_[''Marthandavarma'':_A_Re-examination]._ഈ_നോവലിലെ_കഥാനായകൻ_മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ_മഹാരാജാവാണ്._[The_hero_of_this_novel_is_Marthanda_Varma.]_136-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBenjamin2010">Benjamin (2010)</a>, p. 20, മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ: ഒരു പുനഃപരിശോധന [Marthandavarma: A Re-examination]. ഈ നോവലിലെ കഥാനായകൻ മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ മഹാരാജാവാണ്. [The hero of this novel is Marthanda Varma.]. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKalpatta_Balakrishnan200562സി._വി._രാമൻ_പിള്ള_[C._V._Raman_Pillai]._ഇതിലെ_കഥാംശം_ഒരു_പ്രേമകഥയാണെങ്കിൽ..._...അത്തരമൊരു_വികാരം_അനന്തപത്മനാഭൻ_പാറുക്കുട്ടി_എന്നിവരിലൂടെ..._...കഥാംശം_അധികാരസമരമാണെങ്കിൽ_കഥാനായകനും_നായികയും_വേറെയാണ്._[If_the_story_is_a_love_story,_..._then_such_an_emotion_through_Ananthapadmanbhan_and_Parukutty..._if_the_story_is_power_struggle_then_hero_and_heroine_are_different.]_അതിനാൽ_അനന്തപത്മനാഭനല്ല_ഈ_കഥയിലെ_നായകൻ._[So,_Ananthapadmanabhan_is_not_the_hero_of_this_story.]Sreekanta_Kurup200738നിഗൂഢസ്രഷ്ടാവ്:_വർത്തമാനകാലപരിപ്രേക്ഷ്യത്തിന്റെ_ആഖ്യാനസമാന്തരം_[Mysterious_creator:_Narrative_similarity_of_contemporary_point_of_view]-137"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKalpatta_Balakrishnan200562സി._വി._രാമൻ_പിള്ള_[C._V._Raman_Pillai]._ഇതിലെ_കഥാംശം_ഒരു_പ്രേമകഥയാണെങ്കിൽ..._...അത്തരമൊരു_വികാരം_അനന്തപത്മനാഭൻ_പാറുക്കുട്ടി_എന്നിവരിലൂടെ..._...കഥാംശം_അധികാരസമരമാണെങ്കിൽ_കഥാനായകനും_നായികയും_വേറെയാണ്._[If_the_story_is_a_love_story,_..._then_such_an_emotion_through_Ananthapadmanbhan_and_Parukutty..._if_the_story_is_power_struggle_then_hero_and_heroine_are_different.]_അതിനാൽ_അനന്തപത്മനാഭനല്ല_ഈ_കഥയിലെ_നായകൻ._[So,_Ananthapadmanabhan_is_not_the_hero_of_this_story.]Sreekanta_Kurup200738നിഗൂഢസ്രഷ്ടാവ്:_വർത്തമാനകാലപരിപ്രേക്ഷ്യത്തിന്റെ_ആഖ്യാനസമാന്തരം_[Mysterious_creator:_Narrative_similarity_of_contemporary_point_of_view]_137-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFKalpatta_Balakrishnan2005">Kalpatta Balakrishnan (2005)</a>, p. 62, സി. വി. രാമൻ പിള്ള [C. V. Raman Pillai]. ഇതിലെ കഥാംശം ഒരു പ്രേമകഥയാണെങ്കിൽ... ...അത്തരമൊരു വികാരം അനന്തപത്മനാഭൻ പാറുക്കുട്ടി എന്നിവരിലൂടെ... ...കഥാംശം അധികാരസമരമാണെങ്കിൽ കഥാനായകനും നായികയും വേറെയാണ്. [If the story is a love story, ... then such an emotion through Ananthapadmanbhan and Parukutty... if the story is power struggle then hero and heroine are different.] അതിനാൽ അനന്തപത്മനാഭനല്ല ഈ കഥയിലെ നായകൻ. [So, Ananthapadmanabhan is not the hero of this story.]; <a href="#CITEREFSreekanta_Kurup2007">Sreekanta Kurup (2007)</a>, p. 38, നിഗൂഢസ്രഷ്ടാവ്: വർത്തമാനകാലപരിപ്രേക്ഷ്യത്തിന്റെ ആഖ്യാനസമാന്തരം [Mysterious creator: Narrative similarity of contemporary point of view]. ... മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മയിലെ ക്രിയാകാണ്ഡത്തിനു നേതൃത്വം കൊടുക്കുന്നത് യുവരാജാവുതന്നെയാണ്. [The prince himself leads the action-section in Marthandavarma...] </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKalpatta_Balakrishnan200567സി._വി._രാമൻ_പിള്ള_[C._V._Raman_Pillai]._താൻ_സൃഷ്ടിക്കുന്ന_അന്തരീക്ഷവും_വ്യക്തികളും_അത്യന്തം_യോജിപ്പുള്ളവരാകുന്നു_എന്ന_സത്യം_അനുഭവപ്പെടുത്താനും_അവർ_നമ്മുക്കു_മുമ്പേ_ജീവിച്ചവരും_നമ്മെ_സംബന്ധിച്ചിടത്തോളം_സ്മരണാർഹമായ_പ്രസക്തിയുള്ളവരും_ആണെന്നു_ബോധ്യപ്പെടുത്താനും_സി.വി._യ്ക്ക്_ഒട്ടും_ക്ലേശിക്കേണ്ടി_വരുന്നില്ല,_''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ''യിലായാലും_..._[C._V._does_not_have_to_strain,_even_in_''Marthandavarma''..._to_make_feel_the_truth_that_environment_and_personalities_created_by_him_are_completely_coherent,_and_to_convince_that_they_(personalities)_are_memorable_relevant_ones_lived_before_our_time.]-138"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKalpatta_Balakrishnan200567സി._വി._രാമൻ_പിള്ള_[C._V._Raman_Pillai]._താൻ_സൃഷ്ടിക്കുന്ന_അന്തരീക്ഷവും_വ്യക്തികളും_അത്യന്തം_യോജിപ്പുള്ളവരാകുന്നു_എന്ന_സത്യം_അനുഭവപ്പെടുത്താനും_അവർ_നമ്മുക്കു_മുമ്പേ_ജീവിച്ചവരും_നമ്മെ_സംബന്ധിച്ചിടത്തോളം_സ്മരണാർഹമായ_പ്രസക്തിയുള്ളവരും_ആണെന്നു_ബോധ്യപ്പെടുത്താനും_സി.വി._യ്ക്ക്_ഒട്ടും_ക്ലേശിക്കേണ്ടി_വരുന്നില്ല,_''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ''യിലായാലും_..._[C._V._does_not_have_to_strain,_even_in_''Marthandavarma''..._to_make_feel_the_truth_that_environment_and_personalities_created_by_him_are_completely_coherent,_and_to_convince_that_they_(personalities)_are_memorable_relevant_ones_lived_before_our_time.]_138-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFKalpatta_Balakrishnan2005">Kalpatta Balakrishnan (2005)</a>, p. 67, സി. വി. രാമൻ പിള്ള [C. V. Raman Pillai]. താൻ സൃഷ്ടിക്കുന്ന അന്തരീക്ഷവും വ്യക്തികളും അത്യന്തം യോജിപ്പുള്ളവരാകുന്നു എന്ന സത്യം അനുഭവപ്പെടുത്താനും അവർ നമ്മുക്കു മുമ്പേ ജീവിച്ചവരും നമ്മെ സംബന്ധിച്ചിടത്തോളം സ്മരണാർഹമായ പ്രസക്തിയുള്ളവരും ആണെന്നു ബോധ്യപ്പെടുത്താനും സി.വി. യ്ക്ക് ഒട്ടും ക്ലേശിക്കേണ്ടി വരുന്നില്ല, മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മയിലായാലും ... [C. V. does not have to strain, even in Marthandavarma... to make feel the truth that environment and personalities created by him are completely coherent, and to convince that they (personalities) are memorable relevant ones lived before our time.]. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Malayāḷa_Sāhityacaritraṁ''2010126നോവൽ_[Novel]-139"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Malayāḷa_Sāhityacaritraṁ''2010126നോവൽ_[Novel]_139-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMalayāḷa_Sāhityacaritraṁ2010">Malayāḷa Sāhityacaritraṁ (2010)</a>, p. 126, നോവൽ [Novel]. കല്പിതപുരുഷന്മാരേയും യഥാർത്ഥമായി ജീവിച്ചിരുന്നവരേയും തമ്മിൽ വേർതിരിക്കുവാൻ നിവൃത്തിയില്ലാത്തവിധം അത്ര തന്മയത്വത്തോടെയാണു് സി. വി. തന്റെ പാത്രങ്ങളെ സൃഷ്ടിച്ചിരിക്കുന്നത്. [C. V. creates his characters with at-most natural identity, which makes no means to separate between fictional men and really lived ones.] </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Pratipātraṁ_Bhāṣaṇabhēdaṁ''201118അസ്തിവാരം_[Foundation]-140"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Pratipātraṁ_Bhāṣaṇabhēdaṁ''201118അസ്തിവാരം_[Foundation]_140-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFPratipātraṁ_Bhāṣaṇabhēdaṁ2011">Pratipātraṁ Bhāṣaṇabhēdaṁ (2011)</a>, p. 18, അസ്തിവാരം [Foundation]. എന്നാൽ മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ, രാമയ്യൻ, പപ്പുത്തമ്പി, എട്ടുവീടർ, ... എന്നീ ചരിത്രപുരുഷന്മാർ കഥാപാത്രങ്ങളായി മാറുമ്പോൾ അവർക്കു സിദ്ധിച്ചിട്ടുള്ള വ്യക്തിത്വങ്ങൾ മുക്കാലേ അരയ്ക്കാലും സി.വി. യുടെ പ്രതിഭ സമ്മാനിച്ചിട്ടുള്ളതാണ്. [But, when the historical personalities, Marthanda Varma, Ramayyan, Pappu Thambi, Ettuveettil Pillas become characters, the seven-eighths of identities obtained by them are gifted by C.V.'s talent.] </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBenjamin201021–22''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ'':_ഒരു_പുനഃപരിശോധന_[''Marthandavarma'':_A_Re-examination]-141"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBenjamin201021–22''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ'':_ഒരു_പുനഃപരിശോധന_[''Marthandavarma'':_A_Re-examination]_141-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBenjamin2010">Benjamin (2010)</a>, pp. 21–22, മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ: ഒരു പുനഃപരിശോധന [Marthandavarma: A Re-examination]. ...സങ്കീർണ്ണമായ ഇതിവൃത്ത ശില്പങ്ങൾ മെനഞ്ഞെടുക്കുന്നതിലല്ല; അപൂർവ്വമായ കഥാപാത്രസങ്കല്പനത്തിലാണ്. [...not in the creation of complex plot structures; unprecedented imagination of characters.] </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHaridevan200912-142"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHaridevan200912_142-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHaridevan2009">Haridevan (2009)</a>, p. 12. കഥകളിയിലെ വേഷങ്ങൾ പോലെയാണ് സി.വി. യുടെ കഥാപാത്രങ്ങൾ നോവലിൽ പ്രത്യക്ഷപ്പെടുന്നത്. [C.V.'s characters are appearing in the novel like the roles in Kathakali.] </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESreekanta_Kurup200769ആഖ്യാനകലയും_പാരമ്പര്യഘടകങ്ങളും_[Narrative_art_and_traditional_elements]-143"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESreekanta_Kurup200769ആഖ്യാനകലയും_പാരമ്പര്യഘടകങ്ങളും_[Narrative_art_and_traditional_elements]_143-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSreekanta_Kurup2007">Sreekanta Kurup (2007)</a>, p. 69, ആഖ്യാനകലയും പാരമ്പര്യഘടകങ്ങളും [Narrative art and traditional elements]. വർണ്ണനകളിൽ മറ്റൊരു ഗദ്യകാരനും അദ്ദേഹത്തെപ്പോലെ അലങ്കാരങ്ങൾ പ്രയോഗിച്ചിട്ടുണ്ടാവില്ല. മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മയിലെ പത്താമധ്യായത്തിൽ ... [No other prose writer would have used rhetoric embellishments in description, like him. In the tenth chapter of Marthandavarma ...] </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Sūcitasāhityakr̥tikaḷ''2009123,_114-144"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Sūcitasāhityakr̥tikaḷ''2009123,_114_144-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSūcitasāhityakr̥tikaḷ2009">Sūcitasāhityakr̥tikaḷ (2009)</a>, pp. 123, 114, ... വർണ്ണനകളിലും സംഭാഷണങ്ങളിലും വരുന്ന സാന്ദർഭിക ഉദ്ധരണികളാണ്. [The situational quotes that come among the descriptions and dialogs ...] ... എന്നിങ്ങനെയുള്ള സംഭാഷണത്തിൽ വരുന്ന പുരാവൃത്തങ്ങളും, ... ഈ പുരാവൃത്തമിശ്രണം മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മയിൽ താരതേമന്യ കുറവാണ്. [.. the similar puranic quotes among the dialogs, ...this mixing of puranas with plot is comparatively less in Marthandavarma.] </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Sūcitasāhityakr̥tikaḷ''2009112ഉദ്ധരണികളിൽ_പ്രധാനം,_അദ്ധ്യായങ്ങളുടെ_ആരംഭത്തിൽ_കൊടുത്തിരിക്കുന്ന_കഥാസൂചകങ്ങളോ_പാത്രസ്വഭാവസൂചകങ്ങളോ_ആയ_പദ്യശകലങ്ങളാകയാൽ,_അവയ്ക്ക്_അതതു_അദ്ധ്യായങ്ങളിലെ_കഥാസന്ദർഭവുമായുള്ള_ബന്ധവും_ഔചിത്യവും..._[As_the,_verses_that_are_plot-implication_or_behavior-implication_of_characters_are_the_important_among_the_quoted_ones,_the_relation_and_propriety_to_the_context_of_plot_in_the_respective_chapters...]_സർ_വാൾട്ടർ_സ്കോട്ടിന്റെ_ചരിത്രനോവലുകൾ_സി.വി.ൽ_ചെലുത്തിയ_സ്വാധീനശക്തിയുടെ..._[The_influence-power_of_Sir_Walter_Scott's_historical_novels_in_C._V._...]_പുരാണകഥകളിലും_പ്രചീന-മദ്ധ്യകാല_മലയാള_കവിതകളിലും_വേണാടിന്റെ_പഴയവീരഗാഥകളിലും_നമ്മുടെ_ദേശചരിത്രം,_ആചാരങ്ങൾ,_ഐതിഹ്യങ്ങൾ_മുതലായവയിലും_ചെറുപ്പത്തിലേ_സി.വി._നേടിയ_പരിജ്ഞാനമാണിത്._[This_is_the_knowledge_acquired_by_C._V._in_the_puranic_stories,_ancient-middle_age_Malayalam_poems,_old_heroic_songs_of_Venad,_history_of_our_country,_customs,_and_legends.]-145"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Sūcitasāhityakr̥tikaḷ''2009112ഉദ്ധരണികളിൽ_പ്രധാനം,_അദ്ധ്യായങ്ങളുടെ_ആരംഭത്തിൽ_കൊടുത്തിരിക്കുന്ന_കഥാസൂചകങ്ങളോ_പാത്രസ്വഭാവസൂചകങ്ങളോ_ആയ_പദ്യശകലങ്ങളാകയാൽ,_അവയ്ക്ക്_അതതു_അദ്ധ്യായങ്ങളിലെ_കഥാസന്ദർഭവുമായുള്ള_ബന്ധവും_ഔചിത്യവും..._[As_the,_verses_that_are_plot-implication_or_behavior-implication_of_characters_are_the_important_among_the_quoted_ones,_the_relation_and_propriety_to_the_context_of_plot_in_the_respective_chapters...]_സർ_വാൾട്ടർ_സ്കോട്ടിന്റെ_ചരിത്രനോവലുകൾ_സി.വി.ൽ_ചെലുത്തിയ_സ്വാധീനശക്തിയുടെ..._[The_influence-power_of_Sir_Walter_Scott's_historical_novels_in_C._V._...]_പുരാണകഥകളിലും_പ്രചീന-മദ്ധ്യകാല_മലയാള_കവിതകളിലും_വേണാടിന്റെ_പഴയവീരഗാഥകളിലും_നമ്മുടെ_ദേശചരിത്രം,_ആചാരങ്ങൾ,_ഐതിഹ്യങ്ങൾ_മുതലായവയിലും_ചെറുപ്പത്തിലേ_സി.വി._നേടിയ_പരിജ്ഞാനമാണിത്._[This_is_the_knowledge_acquired_by_C._V._in_the_puranic_stories,_ancient-middle_age_Malayalam_poems,_old_heroic_songs_of_Venad,_history_of_our_country,_customs,_and_legends.]_145-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSūcitasāhityakr̥tikaḷ2009">Sūcitasāhityakr̥tikaḷ (2009)</a>, p. 112, ഉദ്ധരണികളിൽ പ്രധാനം, അദ്ധ്യായങ്ങളുടെ ആരംഭത്തിൽ കൊടുത്തിരിക്കുന്ന കഥാസൂചകങ്ങളോ പാത്രസ്വഭാവസൂചകങ്ങളോ ആയ പദ്യശകലങ്ങളാകയാൽ, അവയ്ക്ക് അതതു അദ്ധ്യായങ്ങളിലെ കഥാസന്ദർഭവുമായുള്ള ബന്ധവും ഔചിത്യവും... [As the, verses that are plot-implication or behavior-implication of characters are the important among the quoted ones, the relation and propriety to the context of plot in the respective chapters...] സർ വാൾട്ടർ സ്കോട്ടിന്റെ ചരിത്രനോവലുകൾ സി.വി.ൽ ചെലുത്തിയ സ്വാധീനശക്തിയുടെ... [The influence-power of Sir Walter Scott's historical novels in C. V. ...] പുരാണകഥകളിലും പ്രചീന-മദ്ധ്യകാല മലയാള കവിതകളിലും വേണാടിന്റെ പഴയവീരഗാഥകളിലും നമ്മുടെ ദേശചരിത്രം, ആചാരങ്ങൾ, ഐതിഹ്യങ്ങൾ മുതലായവയിലും ചെറുപ്പത്തിലേ സി.വി. നേടിയ പരിജ്ഞാനമാണിത്. [This is the knowledge acquired by C. V. in the puranic stories, ancient-middle age Malayalam poems, old heroic songs of Venad, history of our country, customs, and legends.]. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Gadyaṁ_Pinniṭṭa_Vaḻikaḷ''200188''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ''യും_സി.വി._യും_[''Marthandavarma''_and_C.V.]-146"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Gadyaṁ_Pinniṭṭa_Vaḻikaḷ''200188''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ''യും_സി.വി._യും_[''Marthandavarma''_and_C.V.]_146-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFGadyaṁ_Pinniṭṭa_Vaḻikaḷ2001">Gadyaṁ Pinniṭṭa Vaḻikaḷ (2001)</a>, p. 88, മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മയും സി.വി. യും [Marthandavarma and C.V.]. സി.വി. യുടെ കൃതികളിൽ കാവ്യോചിതമായ അലങ്കാരങ്ങൾ സുലഭമാണ്. ... അലംകൃതഗദ്യമെഴുമ്പോഴാണ് സി.വി. ഗദ്യകവിയായിമാറുന്നത്. മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മയിൽ നിന്ന് അല്പം കൂടി... [Rhetoric embellishments suitable to lyric are plenty in C.V.'s works. ... C.V. becomes a prose-poet when he writes rhetoric prose. A little more from Marthandavarma...] സി.വി. യുടെ ശൈലീവക്രത ... [C.V.'s style-crookedness] </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPrabodhachandran2003141–142സീ_വീ_ശൈലി_[C_V_Style]-147"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPrabodhachandran2003141–142സീ_വീ_ശൈലി_[C_V_Style]_147-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFPrabodhachandran2003">Prabodhachandran (2003)</a>, pp. 141–142, സീ വീ ശൈലി [C V Style]. ... അടുത്തുവരുന്ന വാക്യങ്ങൾക്കും വാക്യാംഗങ്ങൾക്കും തമ്മിൽ അവശ്യം വേണ്ടുന്ന സംസക്തി (coherence) അഥവാ കൂട്ടിക്കൊളുത്തൽ സാധിക്കുന്നതിന് ... സന്ധായകങ്ങൾ ഒട്ടേറെ ... സീ വീ ശൈലിയുടെ പ്രധാനപ്പെട്ട ഒരു മുദ്രയാണ്. [... to achieve necessarily required coherence between the nearby sentences and sentence-parts ... many blended ones .. an important symbol of Śī Vī style] കഥകളി, നാടകം, കൂടിയാട്ടം, മോഹിനിയാട്ടം, ഭരതനാട്യം തുടങ്ങിയ ദൃശ്യകലാരൂപങ്ങളുടെ രംഗങ്ങളിൽ നിന്നുപോന്നുവന്ന ചിത്രങ്ങൾ .... [The pictures from the scenes of visual arts such as Kathakali, Play, Kudiyattam, Mohiniyattam, Bharatanatyam are ...] </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPrabodhachandran2003143,_145സീ_വീ_ശൈലി_[C_V_Style]-148"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPrabodhachandran2003143,_145സീ_വീ_ശൈലി_[C_V_Style]_148-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFPrabodhachandran2003">Prabodhachandran (2003)</a>, pp. 143, 145, സീ വീ ശൈലി [C V Style]. കർമ്മിണിപ്രയോഗങ്ങളുടെയും പ്രതിഗ്രാഹികാ വിഭക്തിപ്രത്യയം ചേർന്ന നപുസകനാമങ്ങളുടെയും പ്രാചുര്യം ... [The abundant usages of passive verbs and gender-neutral pronouns in objective case ...] ... ഉദ്ദേശ്യവാചി പ്രത്യയം സീ വീ ഏറെക്കുറെ മനസ്സിരുത്തിത്തന്നെ ഗ്രന്ഥശരീരത്തിൽ വാരിവിതറിയിട്ടുള്ള പഴമയുടെ ചിഹ്നങ്ങളിൽ ഒന്നുമാത്രമാണ്. [... the dative case, C. V. more or less stressfully scattered in the body of book is one of the symbols of primitiveness.] </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Nōvalsāhityaṁ''1991141ഭാഷാനോവൽ–സി._വി._രാമൻപിള്ള_[Novel_in_Language_–_C._V._Raman_Pilla]._..,_അതിനെ_ഗ്രന്ഥകാരൻ_പ്രതിപാദനരീതിയുടെ_നൂതനത്വം_വഴിയായി_സ്വകീയമാക്കി_ചെയ്തിട്ടുണ്ടെന്നുള്ളതിനു_നോവലിൽ_സർവത്ര_തെളിഞ്ഞുകാണപ്പെടുന്ന_ഹൃദയമർമ്മജ്ഞത_ഉത്തമ_ലക്ഷണമാണ്._[..._the_heartily_vital_knowledge_seen_everywhere_in_the_novel_is_an_excellent_trait_that_the_author_made_it_his_own_by_way_of_neo-narrative_style.]Kalpatta_Balakrishnan200566സി._വി._രാമൻ_പിള്ള_[C._V._Raman_Pillai]-149"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Nōvalsāhityaṁ''1991141ഭാഷാനോവൽ–സി._വി._രാമൻപിള്ള_[Novel_in_Language_–_C._V._Raman_Pilla]._..,_അതിനെ_ഗ്രന്ഥകാരൻ_പ്രതിപാദനരീതിയുടെ_നൂതനത്വം_വഴിയായി_സ്വകീയമാക്കി_ചെയ്തിട്ടുണ്ടെന്നുള്ളതിനു_നോവലിൽ_സർവത്ര_തെളിഞ്ഞുകാണപ്പെടുന്ന_ഹൃദയമർമ്മജ്ഞത_ഉത്തമ_ലക്ഷണമാണ്._[..._the_heartily_vital_knowledge_seen_everywhere_in_the_novel_is_an_excellent_trait_that_the_author_made_it_his_own_by_way_of_neo-narrative_style.]Kalpatta_Balakrishnan200566സി._വി._രാമൻ_പിള്ള_[C._V._Raman_Pillai]_149-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFNōvalsāhityaṁ1991">Nōvalsāhityaṁ (1991)</a>, p. 141, ഭാഷാനോവൽ–സി. വി. രാമൻപിള്ള [Novel in Language – C. V. Raman Pilla]. .., അതിനെ ഗ്രന്ഥകാരൻ പ്രതിപാദനരീതിയുടെ നൂതനത്വം വഴിയായി സ്വകീയമാക്കി ചെയ്തിട്ടുണ്ടെന്നുള്ളതിനു നോവലിൽ സർവത്ര തെളിഞ്ഞുകാണപ്പെടുന്ന ഹൃദയമർമ്മജ്ഞത ഉത്തമ ലക്ഷണമാണ്. [... the heartily vital knowledge seen everywhere in the novel is an excellent trait that the author made it his own by way of neo-narrative style.]; <a href="#CITEREFKalpatta_Balakrishnan2005">Kalpatta Balakrishnan (2005)</a>, p. 66, സി. വി. രാമൻ പിള്ള [C. V. Raman Pillai]. ...ടെക്നിക്കുകൾ മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ തൊട്ടേ പ്രസക്തമാകുന്നു. സവിശേഷഭാഷയോടുള്ള പ്രതിപത്തി... [ .. the techniques are relevant in Marthandavarma. The affinity towards especial language...] </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Pratipātraṁ_Bhāṣaṇabhēdaṁ''201124അസ്തിവാരം_[Foundation]._ആകെ_സംഭാഷണഭാഗങ്ങളുടെ_വിശകലനത്തിൽ_''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ''യിലെ_മൊത്തം_പുറങ്ങളുടെ_64_ശതമാനവും_..._സംഭാഷണരചനയ്ക്കുപയോഗിച്ചിരിക്കുന്നു._[In_the_analysis_of_all_conversational_sections,_64_percentage_of_total_pages_in_''Marthandavarma''_are_used_for_scripting_of_dialogs.]-150"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Pratipātraṁ_Bhāṣaṇabhēdaṁ''201124അസ്തിവാരം_[Foundation]._ആകെ_സംഭാഷണഭാഗങ്ങളുടെ_വിശകലനത്തിൽ_''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ''യിലെ_മൊത്തം_പുറങ്ങളുടെ_64_ശതമാനവും_..._സംഭാഷണരചനയ്ക്കുപയോഗിച്ചിരിക്കുന്നു._[In_the_analysis_of_all_conversational_sections,_64_percentage_of_total_pages_in_''Marthandavarma''_are_used_for_scripting_of_dialogs.]_150-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFPratipātraṁ_Bhāṣaṇabhēdaṁ2011">Pratipātraṁ Bhāṣaṇabhēdaṁ (2011)</a>, p. 24, അസ്തിവാരം [Foundation]. ആകെ സംഭാഷണഭാഗങ്ങളുടെ വിശകലനത്തിൽ മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മയിലെ മൊത്തം പുറങ്ങളുടെ 64 ശതമാനവും ... സംഭാഷണരചനയ്ക്കുപയോഗിച്ചിരിക്കുന്നു. [In the analysis of all conversational sections, 64 percentage of total pages in Marthandavarma are used for scripting of dialogs.]. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEditorial_from_''THE_HINDU''189172There_are_interspersed_throughout_the_book_fine_pieces_of_humour,_lively_flashes_of_wit_and_imagination_and_shrewd_observations_on_the_ways_of_the_world_and_the_inner_workings_of_the_human_mind.''C._V._Raman_Pilla''2014116–117മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മയിലൂടെ_[Through_''Marthandavarma'']-151"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEditorial_from_''THE_HINDU''189172There_are_interspersed_throughout_the_book_fine_pieces_of_humour,_lively_flashes_of_wit_and_imagination_and_shrewd_observations_on_the_ways_of_the_world_and_the_inner_workings_of_the_human_mind.''C._V._Raman_Pilla''2014116–117മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മയിലൂടെ_[Through_''Marthandavarma'']_151-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFEditorial_from_THE_HINDU1891">Editorial from THE HINDU (1891)</a>, p. 72, There are interspersed throughout the book fine pieces of humour, lively flashes of wit and imagination and shrewd observations on the ways of the world and the inner workings of the human mind.; <a href="#CITEREFC._V._Raman_Pilla2014">C. V. Raman Pilla (2014)</a>, pp. 116–117, മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മയിലൂടെ [Through Marthandavarma]. ഹൃദയാവർജ്ജകത്വമാണ് ശൈലിയുടെ ലക്ഷണമെങ്കിൽ മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ അതിൽ തികച്ചും വിജയം പ്രാപിച്ചിട്ടുണ്ട്. [If heartily acquisitiveness is the attribute of Style, then Marthandavarma attains complete success in it.]..., അത് വായനക്കാരനെ യന്ത്രവേഗത്തിൽ മുന്നോട്ടുകൊണ്ടുപോകുന്നു. കഥയുടെ ആകർഷണം മാത്രമല്ല, ഭാഷയുടെ സാരള്യവും മാധുര്യവും കൂടിയാണ് അവരെ അതിൽ ലയിപ്പിക്കുന്നത്. [..., it leads the reader ahead with motor-speed. Not only the attraction of plot, the simplicity and sweetness of language are together make them (readers) absolve.] </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Ādyakāla_Malayāḷanōval''201079മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ–ഒരു_പഠനം_[''Marthandavarma''–A_Study]._..._ലളിതവും_ഹൃദയംഗവുമാണ്_മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മയിലെ_ഭാഷ._കഥാപാത്രങ്ങളുടെ_സ്വഭാവത്തിനനുസൃതമായി_ഭാഷയും_ശൈലിയും_മാറുന്നുണ്ടെങ്കിലും_വർണ്ണന,_ആഖ്യാനം_എന്നിവയ്ക്ക്_ഒരേ_ഭാഷ_തന്നെ..._[..._the_language_in_''Marthandavarma''_is_light_and_heart-touching._The_language_for_description_and_narration_are_same,_though_the_language_and_style_change_with_respect_to_the_behavior_of_characters_...]_സംഭാഷണത്തിൽ_മാത്രമല്ല,_വിവരണങ്ങളിലും_സി.വി._യുടെ_ഓജസ്സും_ഭംഗിയുമുള്ള_ശൈലി_കണ്ടെത്താൻ_പ്രയാസമില്ല._[Not_only_in_conversations,_in_descriptions_too,_finding_C.V.'s_style_that_has_vigor_and_beauty_is_not_difficult.]-152"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Ādyakāla_Malayāḷanōval''201079മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ–ഒരു_പഠനം_[''Marthandavarma''–A_Study]._..._ലളിതവും_ഹൃദയംഗവുമാണ്_മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മയിലെ_ഭാഷ._കഥാപാത്രങ്ങളുടെ_സ്വഭാവത്തിനനുസൃതമായി_ഭാഷയും_ശൈലിയും_മാറുന്നുണ്ടെങ്കിലും_വർണ്ണന,_ആഖ്യാനം_എന്നിവയ്ക്ക്_ഒരേ_ഭാഷ_തന്നെ..._[..._the_language_in_''Marthandavarma''_is_light_and_heart-touching._The_language_for_description_and_narration_are_same,_though_the_language_and_style_change_with_respect_to_the_behavior_of_characters_...]_സംഭാഷണത്തിൽ_മാത്രമല്ല,_വിവരണങ്ങളിലും_സി.വി._യുടെ_ഓജസ്സും_ഭംഗിയുമുള്ള_ശൈലി_കണ്ടെത്താൻ_പ്രയാസമില്ല._[Not_only_in_conversations,_in_descriptions_too,_finding_C.V.'s_style_that_has_vigor_and_beauty_is_not_difficult.]_152-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFĀdyakāla_Malayāḷanōval2010">Ādyakāla Malayāḷanōval (2010)</a>, p. 79, മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ–ഒരു പഠനം [Marthandavarma–A Study]. ... ലളിതവും ഹൃദയംഗവുമാണ് മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മയിലെ ഭാഷ. കഥാപാത്രങ്ങളുടെ സ്വഭാവത്തിനനുസൃതമായി ഭാഷയും ശൈലിയും മാറുന്നുണ്ടെങ്കിലും വർണ്ണന, ആഖ്യാനം എന്നിവയ്ക്ക് ഒരേ ഭാഷ തന്നെ... [... the language in Marthandavarma is light and heart-touching. The language for description and narration are same, though the language and style change with respect to the behavior of characters ...] സംഭാഷണത്തിൽ മാത്രമല്ല, വിവരണങ്ങളിലും സി.വി. യുടെ ഓജസ്സും ഭംഗിയുമുള്ള ശൈലി കണ്ടെത്താൻ പ്രയാസമില്ല. [Not only in conversations, in descriptions too, finding C.V.'s style that has vigor and beauty is not difficult.]. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPrabodhachandran2003145–146സീ_വീ_ശൈലി_[C_V_Style]-153"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPrabodhachandran2003145–146സീ_വീ_ശൈലി_[C_V_Style]_153-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFPrabodhachandran2003">Prabodhachandran (2003)</a>, pp. 145–146, സീ വീ ശൈലി [C V Style]. ഗ്രന്ഥകാരന്റെ തന്മൊഴിയുടെയും ഭാഷാഭേദത്തിന്റെയും പ്രത്യകതകളിൽപ്പെടുന്ന ശൈലീപരമായ മുദ്രകളിൽ ചിലവ ... ക്ലാസിക് സമ്പ്രദായത്തിലുള്ള ആഖ്യാനത്തിനിണങ്ങിയ ശൈലീചിഹ്നങ്ങൾതന്നെ. [Some of the stylistic symbols among the specialties of language variance and author's idiolect ... are style marks suitable to narration in classic method.] </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESreekanta_Kurup200735നിഗൂഢസ്രഷ്ടാവ്:_വർത്തമാനകാലപരിപ്രേക്ഷ്യത്തിന്റെ_ആഖ്യാനസമാന്തരം_[Mysterious_creator:_Narrative_similarity_of_contemporary_point_of_view]-154"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESreekanta_Kurup200735നിഗൂഢസ്രഷ്ടാവ്:_വർത്തമാനകാലപരിപ്രേക്ഷ്യത്തിന്റെ_ആഖ്യാനസമാന്തരം_[Mysterious_creator:_Narrative_similarity_of_contemporary_point_of_view]_154-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSreekanta_Kurup2007">Sreekanta Kurup (2007)</a>, p. 35, നിഗൂഢസ്രഷ്ടാവ്: വർത്തമാനകാലപരിപ്രേക്ഷ്യത്തിന്റെ ആഖ്യാനസമാന്തരം [Mysterious creator: Narrative similarity of contemporary point of view]. ... പ്രധാനകഥാപാത്രങ്ങളെല്ലാം ഒന്നിച്ചുകൂടിയിരുന്നുള്ള സംഭാഷണത്തിലൂടെ അപസർപ്പകഥകളെ അനുസ്മരിപ്പിക്കും വിധം അനാവൃതമാക്കുയാണിവിടെ. ആഖ്യാനപരമായ ഒരുതരം സാങ്കേതികഭദ്രതയുണ്ടെന്നു വാദിക്കാമെങ്കിലും ... [... here uncovers, through the combined conversations of main characters in a way of reminding detective stories. Though arguably a technical perfection, in narrative mode...] </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEThumpamon_Thomas199243മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മയിലൂടെ_[Through_''Marthandavarma'']._..._കെട്ടിക്കയറുന്ന_സംഭവങ്ങളിലൂടെ_കഥയെ_വികസിപ്പിച്ച്_..._[..._by_expanding_plot_through_the_stagnantly_rising_events_...]_..._ആഖ്യാനത്തെ_പിൻപന്തിയിലേക്കു_തള്ളിനീക്കുകയും_കഥാപാത്രത്തിന്റെ_സംഘർഷത്തിലൂടെ_പാത്രസ്വഭാവം_വരച്ചെടുക്കുന്നതിൽ_ഊന്നൽ_നല്കുകയും_ചെയ്യുന്ന_നോവലിന്റെ_രചനാകൗശലമല്ല,_..._കാണുക._[..._the_writing_trick_of_novel,_which_pushes_the_narration_to_the_back_row,_and_providing_emphasize_in_drawing_the_behavior_of_character_through_character's_struggles,_are_not_..._seen.]-155"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThumpamon_Thomas199243മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മയിലൂടെ_[Through_''Marthandavarma'']._..._കെട്ടിക്കയറുന്ന_സംഭവങ്ങളിലൂടെ_കഥയെ_വികസിപ്പിച്ച്_..._[..._by_expanding_plot_through_the_stagnantly_rising_events_...]_..._ആഖ്യാനത്തെ_പിൻപന്തിയിലേക്കു_തള്ളിനീക്കുകയും_കഥാപാത്രത്തിന്റെ_സംഘർഷത്തിലൂടെ_പാത്രസ്വഭാവം_വരച്ചെടുക്കുന്നതിൽ_ഊന്നൽ_നല്കുകയും_ചെയ്യുന്ന_നോവലിന്റെ_രചനാകൗശലമല്ല,_..._കാണുക._[..._the_writing_trick_of_novel,_which_pushes_the_narration_to_the_back_row,_and_providing_emphasize_in_drawing_the_behavior_of_character_through_character's_struggles,_are_not_..._seen.]_155-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFThumpamon_Thomas1992">Thumpamon Thomas (1992)</a>, p. 43, മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മയിലൂടെ [Through Marthandavarma]. ... കെട്ടിക്കയറുന്ന സംഭവങ്ങളിലൂടെ കഥയെ വികസിപ്പിച്ച് ... [... by expanding plot through the stagnantly rising events ...] ... ആഖ്യാനത്തെ പിൻപന്തിയിലേക്കു തള്ളിനീക്കുകയും കഥാപാത്രത്തിന്റെ സംഘർഷത്തിലൂടെ പാത്രസ്വഭാവം വരച്ചെടുക്കുന്നതിൽ ഊന്നൽ നല്കുകയും ചെയ്യുന്ന നോവലിന്റെ രചനാകൗശലമല്ല, ... കാണുക. [... the writing trick of novel, which pushes the narration to the back row, and providing emphasize in drawing the behavior of character through character's struggles, are not ... seen.]. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEditorial_from_''THE_HINDU''189171–72The_author_is_careful_to_keep_the_reader_in_suspense,_making_incidents_to_rise_out_of_incidents,_leading_to_unexpected_intricacies_and_complications_with_a_veil_of_mystery_thrown_over_the_whole,_until_at_last_all_the_incidents_and_attendant_circumstances_are_explained_and_the_reader_finds_himself_relieved_from_all_embarrassments_and_impediments.-156"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEditorial_from_''THE_HINDU''189171–72The_author_is_careful_to_keep_the_reader_in_suspense,_making_incidents_to_rise_out_of_incidents,_leading_to_unexpected_intricacies_and_complications_with_a_veil_of_mystery_thrown_over_the_whole,_until_at_last_all_the_incidents_and_attendant_circumstances_are_explained_and_the_reader_finds_himself_relieved_from_all_embarrassments_and_impediments._156-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFEditorial_from_THE_HINDU1891">Editorial from THE HINDU (1891)</a>, pp. 71–72, The author is careful to keep the reader in suspense, making incidents to rise out of incidents, leading to unexpected intricacies and complications with a veil of mystery thrown over the whole, until at last all the incidents and attendant circumstances are explained and the reader finds himself relieved from all embarrassments and impediments.. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Nōvalsāhityaṁ''1991144–145ഭാഷാനോവൽ–സി._വി._രാമൻപിള്ള_[Novel_in_Language_–_C._V._Raman_Pilla]-157"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Nōvalsāhityaṁ''1991144–145ഭാഷാനോവൽ–സി._വി._രാമൻപിള്ള_[Novel_in_Language_–_C._V._Raman_Pilla]_157-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFNōvalsāhityaṁ1991">Nōvalsāhityaṁ (1991)</a>, pp. 144–145, ഭാഷാനോവൽ–സി. വി. രാമൻപിള്ള [Novel in Language – C. V. Raman Pilla]. ... ഒരു പുസ്തകത്തിന്റെ പരിധിക്കുള്ളിൽ സംഗ്രഹിത്തക്ക ഒരു കഥാവസ്തുവല്ല മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മയിൽ ഉള്ളത്. ... ഇപ്പോഴുള്ളതിന്റെ ഇരട്ടി വിസ്താരമുള്ള ഒരു പുസ്തകത്തിൽ പ്രതിപാദിക്കപ്പെടേണ്ട കഥാവസ്തുവാണ് മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മയിൽ ഒരുക്കിയിരിക്കുന്നത്. [Marthandavarma has in it, a story-plot that cannot be abridged in the limit of a book ... . A story-plot that is to be narrated in a book with double size of the present book size is arranged in Marthandavarma.] </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHaridevan200915-158"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHaridevan200915_158-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHaridevan2009">Haridevan (2009)</a>, p. 15. ഒരു സ്വപ്നം പോലെയെന്നു വിവക്ഷിക്കാവുന്ന വിധത്തിൽ അനുവാചകനിൽ ഈ അദ്ഭുതസിദ്ധി അനിവാര്യമെന്നു തോന്നത്തക്കവിധത്തിലാണ് സി.വി. രംഗമാഷ്ക്കരിക്കുന്നത്. [C.V. manifests scene in the manner that makes the reader feel this accomplishment of wonder is inevitable, that could be implied as a dream.] </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Caritrākhyāyikakaḷkk_Orāmukhaṁ''2009p._25.-159"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Caritrākhyāyikakaḷkk_Orāmukhaṁ''2009p._25._159-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFCaritrākhyāyikakaḷkk_Orāmukhaṁ2009">Caritrākhyāyikakaḷkk Orāmukhaṁ (2009)</a>, p. 25., അതുപോലെ അതിലെ ഭാഷയും പിൽക്കാലത്തെ രണ്ടു നോലുകളിലെപ്പോലെ സംസ്കൃതജടിലമല്ല. [Similarly, the language in that is not entangled with Sanskrit as in the two novels of later period.] </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESreekanta_Kurup200763ആഖ്യാനകലയും_പാരമ്പര്യഘടകങ്ങളും_[Narrative_art_and_traditional_elements]-160"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESreekanta_Kurup200763ആഖ്യാനകലയും_പാരമ്പര്യഘടകങ്ങളും_[Narrative_art_and_traditional_elements]_160-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSreekanta_Kurup2007">Sreekanta Kurup (2007)</a>, p. 63, ആഖ്യാനകലയും പാരമ്പര്യഘടകങ്ങളും [Narrative art and traditional elements]. ഇവയിലെ ഭാഷ (മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മയിലേതൊഴികെ) വായനക്കാരനെ പ്രതിരോധിക്കുന്ന ഒരു ഘടകമാണെന്ന് ... [... that the language in these (except in Marthandavarma) is defensive to the reader.] </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Ramarajabahadur''20099മുഖവുര_[Address]-161"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Ramarajabahadur''20099മുഖവുര_[Address]_161-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFRamarajabahadur2009">Ramarajabahadur (2009)</a>, p. 9, മുഖവുര [Address]. ഒരു 'കിർമ്മീരവധ'രീതിയെ... [A method of slaying Kirmira...] </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Gadyaṁ_Pinniṭṭa_Vaḻikaḷ''200187''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ''യും_സി.വി._യും_[''Marthandavarma''_and_C.V.]Prabodhachandran2003138സീ_വീ_ശൈലി_[C_V_Style]-163"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Gadyaṁ_Pinniṭṭa_Vaḻikaḷ''200187''മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ''യും_സി.വി._യും_[''Marthandavarma''_and_C.V.]Prabodhachandran2003138സീ_വീ_ശൈലി_[C_V_Style]_163-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFGadyaṁ_Pinniṭṭa_Vaḻikaḷ2001">Gadyaṁ Pinniṭṭa Vaḻikaḷ (2001)</a>, p. 87, മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മയും സി.വി. യും [Marthandavarma and C.V.]. 'കിർമ്മീരവധശൈലി' എന്നു സി.വി. തന്നെ പേരിട്ടത് ധർമ്മരാജായിലെ ശൈലിക്കാണ്. [C.V. himself named the style as 'Kirmmīravadhaśaili' (Style of slaying Kirmīra) for the style in Dharmaraja.]; <a href="#CITEREFPrabodhachandran2003">Prabodhachandran (2003)</a>, p. 138, സീ വീ ശൈലി [C V Style]. 'സീ വീ ശൈലി' എന്നാണ് ഈ ... മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മയെ മാത്രം ... [... that 'Sī Vī Śaili' (C V Style) is this ... only Marthandavarma ...] </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEM._P._Paul200525ഭാഷാഗദ്യശൈലി_[Prose-style_of_language]-164"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEM._P._Paul200525ഭാഷാഗദ്യശൈലി_[Prose-style_of_language]_164-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFM._P._Paul2005">M. P. Paul (2005)</a>, p. 25, ഭാഷാഗദ്യശൈലി [Prose-style of language]. 'Style' എന്ന ഇംഗ്ളീഷ് പദത്തിനുള്ള അർത്ഥം ... 'രീതി' എന്നു പറഞ്ഞാൽ ... 'ശൈലി' എന്ന പദം പ്രകൃതത്തിന്നു ... [The meaning for the English-word 'Style' ... if say, 'rīti' (method) ... for realization, the word 'śaili' ...] </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Ramarajabahadur''200910-166"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Ramarajabahadur''200910_166-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFRamarajabahadur2009">Ramarajabahadur (2009)</a>, p. 10. ...'മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മാ'രീതി അതിന്റെ നിർമ്മാണകാലത്തു ഗ്രന്ഥകാരനുണ്ടായിരുന്ന പ്രായത്തോടെ സമഗമനം ചെയ്തു പോയിരിക്കുന്നതായി കണ്ടു. ['Marṟttāṇḍvaṟmmā'rīti (Marthandavarma-style) is seem to be gone with the age of author during its period of creation.] </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Caritrākhyāyikakaḷkk_Orāmukhaṁ''200924Kalpatta_Balakrishnan200562സി._വി._രാമൻ_പിള്ള_[C._V._Raman_Pillai]-167"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Caritrākhyāyikakaḷkk_Orāmukhaṁ''200924Kalpatta_Balakrishnan200562സി._വി._രാമൻ_പിള്ള_[C._V._Raman_Pillai]_167-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFCaritrākhyāyikakaḷkk_Orāmukhaṁ2009">Caritrākhyāyikakaḷkk Orāmukhaṁ (2009)</a>, p. 24, ദ്രുതഗതിയിൽ നീങ്ങുന്ന സംഭവങ്ങൾ കോർത്തിണക്കിയ സംഭവപ്രധാനമായ ഒരു നോവലാണ് മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ. അതിന്റെ ഘടന സങ്കീർണ്ണമല്ല. [Marthandavarma is an event-oriented novel intertwined with fast moving incidents. Its structure is not complex.]; <a href="#CITEREFKalpatta_Balakrishnan2005">Kalpatta Balakrishnan (2005)</a>, p. 62, സി. വി. രാമൻ പിള്ള [C. V. Raman Pillai]. മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ ധാരാളം സംഭവങ്ങളും അതിപരിചിതനായ ഒരു കഥാനായകനും ഉൾക്കൊള്ളുന്ന കാലഘട്ടത്തിന്റെ ചിത്രീകരണമാണ്. ചരിത്രനോവലിന് ഏറ്റവും ആവശ്യമായ സാഹചര്യമാണിവ രണ്ടും. [Marthandavarma is a novel that comprises so many events and a well known hero. These are the most required situations for historical novel.] </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENagam_Aiya1906328–330Chapter_VIIbrahim_Kunju199024,_169–170മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മയുടെ_ആദ്യകാല_ജീവിതം_[Early_life_of_Marthanda_Varma],_എട്ടരയോഗവും_എട്ടുവീട്ടിൽ_പിള്ളമാരും_[Ettarayogam_and_Ettuveettil_Pillas]Mathilakam_Records1996115–117PadmakumariHussain20034–22''Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma:_Caritravuṁ_Kalpanayuṁ''2009109Shobhanan2011105''Ōṭṭaṉ_Katai''198212–16,_22–24,_31Varatharajan200026அத்தியாயம்_3_[Chapter_3]''Sūcitasāhityakr̥tikaḷ''2009114''Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma:_Sr̥ṣṭiyuṁ_svarūpavuṁ''200984–85Shangoony_Menon1879114–115,_122–123,_127,_173-169"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENagam_Aiya1906328–330Chapter_VIIbrahim_Kunju199024,_169–170മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മയുടെ_ആദ്യകാല_ജീവിതം_[Early_life_of_Marthanda_Varma],_എട്ടരയോഗവും_എട്ടുവീട്ടിൽ_പിള്ളമാരും_[Ettarayogam_and_Ettuveettil_Pillas]Mathilakam_Records1996115–117PadmakumariHussain20034–22''Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma:_Caritravuṁ_Kalpanayuṁ''2009109Shobhanan2011105''Ōṭṭaṉ_Katai''198212–16,_22–24,_31Varatharajan200026அத்தியாயம்_3_[Chapter_3]''Sūcitasāhityakr̥tikaḷ''2009114''Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma:_Sr̥ṣṭiyuṁ_svarūpavuṁ''200984–85Shangoony_Menon1879114–115,_122–123,_127,_173_169-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFNagam_Aiya1906">Nagam Aiya (1906)</a>, pp. 328–330, Chapter VI; <a href="#CITEREFIbrahim_Kunju1990">Ibrahim Kunju (1990)</a>, pp. 24, 169–170, മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മയുടെ ആദ്യകാല ജീവിതം [Early life of Marthanda Varma], എട്ടരയോഗവും എട്ടുവീട്ടിൽ പിള്ളമാരും [Ettarayogam and Ettuveettil Pillas]; <a href="#CITEREFMathilakam_Records1996">Mathilakam Records (1996)</a>, pp. 115–117; <a href="#CITEREFPadmakumariHussain2003">Padmakumari & Hussain (2003)</a>, pp. 4–22; <a href="#CITEREFMāṟttāṇḍavaṟmma:_Caritravuṁ_Kalpanayuṁ2009">Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma: Caritravuṁ Kalpanayuṁ (2009)</a>, p. 109; <a href="#CITEREFShobhanan2011">Shobhanan (2011)</a>, p. 105; <a href="#CITEREFŌṭṭaṉ_Katai1982">Ōṭṭaṉ Katai (1982)</a>, pp. 12–16, 22–24, 31; <a href="#CITEREFVaratharajan2000">Varatharajan (2000)</a>, p. 26, அத்தியாயம் 3 [Chapter 3]; <a href="#CITEREFSūcitasāhityakr̥tikaḷ2009">Sūcitasāhityakr̥tikaḷ (2009)</a>, p. 114; <a href="#CITEREFMāṟttāṇḍavaṟmma:_Sr̥ṣṭiyuṁ_svarūpavuṁ2009">Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma: Sr̥ṣṭiyuṁ svarūpavuṁ (2009)</a>, pp. 84–85; <a href="#CITEREFShangoony_Menon1879">Shangoony Menon (1879)</a>, pp. 114–115, 122–123, 127, 173. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma:_Sr̥ṣṭiyuṁ_svarūpavuṁ''200999''Janakīyasaṁskāraṁ''2013215-171"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma:_Sr̥ṣṭiyuṁ_svarūpavuṁ''200999''Janakīyasaṁskāraṁ''2013215_171-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMāṟttāṇḍavaṟmma:_Sr̥ṣṭiyuṁ_svarūpavuṁ2009">Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma: Sr̥ṣṭiyuṁ svarūpavuṁ (2009)</a>, p. 99; <a href="#CITEREFJanakīyasaṁskāraṁ2013">Janakīyasaṁskāraṁ (2013)</a>, p. 215. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEVelu_Pillai1940232,_241,_260–261Shangoony_Menon1879106,_108,_110Chapter_INagam_Aiya1906324Chapter_VI-172"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVelu_Pillai1940232,_241,_260–261Shangoony_Menon1879106,_108,_110Chapter_INagam_Aiya1906324Chapter_VI_172-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFVelu_Pillai1940">Velu Pillai (1940)</a>, pp. 232, 241, 260–261; <a href="#CITEREFShangoony_Menon1879">Shangoony Menon (1879)</a>, pp. 106, 108, 110, Chapter I; <a href="#CITEREFNagam_Aiya1906">Nagam Aiya (1906)</a>, p. 324, Chapter VI. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEShangoony_Menon1879114–117Nagam_Aiya1906335Chapter_VIVelu_Pillai1940268–269Modern_History-173"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEShangoony_Menon1879114–117Nagam_Aiya1906335Chapter_VIVelu_Pillai1940268–269Modern_History_173-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFShangoony_Menon1879">Shangoony Menon (1879)</a>, pp. 114–117; <a href="#CITEREFNagam_Aiya1906">Nagam Aiya (1906)</a>, p. 335, Chapter VI; <a href="#CITEREFVelu_Pillai1940">Velu Pillai (1940)</a>, pp. 268–269, Modern History. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Vyākhyānakuṟippukaḷ''2009402Naduvattom_Gopalakrishnan200861–62Shangoony_Menon1879106,_108–110,_114–117,_120–121Velu_Pillai1940232,_260–261,_268–269,_271–273Nagam_Aiya1906314–315,_327,_333–335Nanoo_Pillay1886126–129Ibrahim_Kunju199026–29,_31–32Mathilakam_Records1996115–117''Kathākālaṁ;_saṁbhavasthalaṅṅaḷ''2009126–127-174"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Vyākhyānakuṟippukaḷ''2009402Naduvattom_Gopalakrishnan200861–62Shangoony_Menon1879106,_108–110,_114–117,_120–121Velu_Pillai1940232,_260–261,_268–269,_271–273Nagam_Aiya1906314–315,_327,_333–335Nanoo_Pillay1886126–129Ibrahim_Kunju199026–29,_31–32Mathilakam_Records1996115–117''Kathākālaṁ;_saṁbhavasthalaṅṅaḷ''2009126–127_174-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFVyākhyānakuṟippukaḷ2009">Vyākhyānakuṟippukaḷ (2009)</a>, p. 402; <a href="#CITEREFNaduvattom_Gopalakrishnan2008">Naduvattom Gopalakrishnan (2008)</a>, pp. 61–62; <a href="#CITEREFShangoony_Menon1879">Shangoony Menon (1879)</a>, pp. 106, 108–110, 114–117, 120–121; <a href="#CITEREFVelu_Pillai1940">Velu Pillai (1940)</a>, pp. 232, 260–261, 268–269, 271–273; <a href="#CITEREFNagam_Aiya1906">Nagam Aiya (1906)</a>, pp. 314–315, 327, 333–335; <a href="#CITEREFNanoo_Pillay1886">Nanoo Pillay (1886)</a>, pp. 126–129; <a href="#CITEREFIbrahim_Kunju1990">Ibrahim Kunju (1990)</a>, pp. 26–29, 31–32; <a href="#CITEREFMathilakam_Records1996">Mathilakam Records (1996)</a>, pp. 115–117; <a href="#CITEREFKathākālaṁ;_saṁbhavasthalaṅṅaḷ2009">Kathākālaṁ; saṁbhavasthalaṅṅaḷ (2009)</a>, pp. 126–127. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENagam_Aiya1906310–313,_336–339''Vyākhyānakuṟippukaḷ''2009417Shangoony_Menon187997–100,_102–103,_125–126''Iravikkuṭṭippiḷḷappōr_Oru_Pṭhanaṁ''2011203–207-175"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENagam_Aiya1906310–313,_336–339''Vyākhyānakuṟippukaḷ''2009417Shangoony_Menon187997–100,_102–103,_125–126''Iravikkuṭṭippiḷḷappōr_Oru_Pṭhanaṁ''2011203–207_175-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFNagam_Aiya1906">Nagam Aiya (1906)</a>, pp. 310–313, 336–339; <a href="#CITEREFVyākhyānakuṟippukaḷ2009">Vyākhyānakuṟippukaḷ (2009)</a>, p. 417; <a href="#CITEREFShangoony_Menon1879">Shangoony Menon (1879)</a>, pp. 97–100, 102–103, 125–126; <a href="#CITEREFIravikkuṭṭippiḷḷappōr_Oru_Pṭhanaṁ2011">Iravikkuṭṭippiḷḷappōr Oru Pṭhanaṁ (2011)</a>, pp. 203–207. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Peruntaccanṟe_Baliṣṭhaśilpaṅṅaḷ''2013142-176"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Peruntaccanṟe_Baliṣṭhaśilpaṅṅaḷ''2013142_176-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFPeruntaccanṟe_Baliṣṭhaśilpaṅṅaḷ2013">Peruntaccanṟe Baliṣṭhaśilpaṅṅaḷ (2013)</a>, p. 142. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Vyākhyānakuṟippukaḷ''2009400–401-177"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Vyākhyānakuṟippukaḷ''2009400–401_177-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFVyākhyānakuṟippukaḷ2009">Vyākhyānakuṟippukaḷ (2009)</a>, pp. 400–401. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEVaratharajan200026அத்தியாயம்_3_[Chapter_3]''C._V._Raman_Pilla''19593–4,_6–8ബാല്യം_[Childhood]-178"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVaratharajan200026அத்தியாயம்_3_[Chapter_3]''C._V._Raman_Pilla''19593–4,_6–8ബാല്യം_[Childhood]_178-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFVaratharajan2000">Varatharajan (2000)</a>, p. 26, அத்தியாயம் 3 [Chapter 3]; <a href="#CITEREFC._V._Raman_Pilla1959">C. V. Raman Pilla (1959)</a>, pp. 3–4, 6–8, ബാല്യം [Childhood]. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Kathākālaṁ;_saṁbhavasthalaṅṅaḷ''2009128-179"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Kathākālaṁ;_saṁbhavasthalaṅṅaḷ''2009128_179-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFKathākālaṁ;_saṁbhavasthalaṅṅaḷ2009">Kathākālaṁ; saṁbhavasthalaṅṅaḷ (2009)</a>, p. 128. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Vyākhyānakuṟippukaḷ''2009403-180"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Vyākhyānakuṟippukaḷ''2009403_180-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFVyākhyānakuṟippukaḷ2009">Vyākhyānakuṟippukaḷ (2009)</a>, p. 403. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Si._Vi._Vyākhyānakōśaṁ''_Vol_21997987തെക്കേകോയിക്കൽ_[at_the_southern_mansion]-181"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Si._Vi._Vyākhyānakōśaṁ''_Vol_21997987തെക്കേകോയിക്കൽ_[at_the_southern_mansion]_181-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSi._Vi._Vyākhyānakōśaṁ_Vol_21997">Si. Vi. Vyākhyānakōśaṁ Vol 2 (1997)</a>, p. 987, തെക്കേകോയിക്കൽ [at the southern mansion]. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Si._Vi._Vyākhyānakōśaṁ''_Vol_42004453–454-182"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Si._Vi._Vyākhyānakōśaṁ''_Vol_42004453–454_182-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSi._Vi._Vyākhyānakōśaṁ_Vol_42004">Si. Vi. Vyākhyānakōśaṁ Vol 4 (2004)</a>, pp. 453–454. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''C._V._Raman_Pilla''1959133Parthan2011150-183"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''C._V._Raman_Pilla''1959133Parthan2011150_183-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFC._V._Raman_Pilla1959">C. V. Raman Pilla (1959)</a>, p. 133; <a href="#CITEREFParthan2011">Parthan (2011)</a>, p. 150. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESooranad_Kunjan_Pillai1992170–171V.V.K._Valath199848–50കിഴക്കേ_കോട്ടയും_പടിഞ്ഞാറേ_കോട്ടയും_[East_fort_and_West_fort]-184"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESooranad_Kunjan_Pillai1992170–171V.V.K._Valath199848–50കിഴക്കേ_കോട്ടയും_പടിഞ്ഞാറേ_കോട്ടയും_[East_fort_and_West_fort]_184-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSooranad_Kunjan_Pillai1992">Sooranad Kunjan Pillai (1992)</a>, pp. 170–171; <a href="#CITEREFV.V.K._Valath1998">V.V.K. Valath (1998)</a>, pp. 48–50, കിഴക്കേ കോട്ടയും പടിഞ്ഞാറേ കോട്ടയും [East fort and West fort]. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Si_Vi_yuṭe_mūnnu_kathāpātraṅṅaḷ''199343സുഭദ്ര_[Subhadra]-185"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Si_Vi_yuṭe_mūnnu_kathāpātraṅṅaḷ''199343സുഭദ്ര_[Subhadra]_185-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSi_Vi_yuṭe_mūnnu_kathāpātraṅṅaḷ1993">Si Vi yuṭe mūnnu kathāpātraṅṅaḷ (1993)</a>, p. 43, സുഭദ്ര [Subhadra]. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Si._Vi._Vyākhyānakōśaṁ''_Vol_32002371പ_[Pa]-186"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Si._Vi._Vyākhyānakōśaṁ''_Vol_32002371പ_[Pa]_186-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSi._Vi._Vyākhyānakōśaṁ_Vol_32002">Si. Vi. Vyākhyānakōśaṁ Vol 3 (2002)</a>, p. 371, പ [Pa]. പഠാണിപ്പാളയം [Pathan camp] </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Si._Vi._Vyākhyānakōśaṁ''_Vol_32002925മ_[Ma]-187"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Si._Vi._Vyākhyānakōśaṁ''_Vol_32002925മ_[Ma]_187-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSi._Vi._Vyākhyānakōśaṁ_Vol_32002">Si. Vi. Vyākhyānakōśaṁ Vol 3 (2002)</a>, p. 925, മ [Ma]. മണക്കാട് [Maṇakkaṭ] </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEB.K._Menon193666Chapter_XV-188"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEB.K._Menon193666Chapter_XV_188-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFB.K._Menon1936">B.K. Menon (1936)</a>, p. 66, Chapter XV. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Si._Vi._Vyākhyānakōśaṁ''_Vol_32002821ബോ_[Bō]''Si._Vi._Vyākhyānakōśaṁ''_Vol_42004715സാ_[Sā]-189"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Si._Vi._Vyākhyānakōśaṁ''_Vol_32002821ബോ_[Bō]''Si._Vi._Vyākhyānakōśaṁ''_Vol_42004715സാ_[Sā]_189-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSi._Vi._Vyākhyānakōśaṁ_Vol_32002">Si. Vi. Vyākhyānakōśaṁ Vol 3 (2002)</a>, p. 821, ബോ [Bō]. ബോധംക്ഷയിപ്പിച്ചു [after making unconscious]; <a href="#CITEREFSi._Vi._Vyākhyānakōśaṁ_Vol_42004">Si. Vi. Vyākhyānakōśaṁ Vol 4 (2004)</a>, p. 715, സാ [Sā]. സംസാരിപ്പിക്കുന്നതിന് [to make talk] </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPrasnam2013-190"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPrasnam2013_190-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFPrasnam2013">Prasnam (2013)</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Si._Vi._Vyākhyānakōśaṁ''_Vol_32002606പെ_[Pe]-192"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Si._Vi._Vyākhyānakōśaṁ''_Vol_32002606പെ_[Pe]_192-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSi._Vi._Vyākhyānakōśaṁ_Vol_32002">Si. Vi. Vyākhyānakōśaṁ Vol 3 (2002)</a>, p. 606, പെ [Pe]. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Si._Vi._Vyākhyānakōśaṁ''_Vol_21997383,_759-193"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Si._Vi._Vyākhyānakōśaṁ''_Vol_21997383,_759_193-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSi._Vi._Vyākhyānakōśaṁ_Vol_21997">Si. Vi. Vyākhyānakōśaṁ Vol 2 (1997)</a>, pp. 383, 759. ചോതിഷം [jyotish], കെരവപ്പുഴ [misalignment of astrological aspects] </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Si._Vi._Vyākhyānakōśaṁ''_Vol_32002485''Si._Vi._Vyākhyānakōśaṁ''_Vol_11994225,_663''Si._Vi._Vyākhyānakōśaṁ''_Vol_21997670''Vyākhyānakuṟippukaḷ''2009428-194"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Si._Vi._Vyākhyānakōśaṁ''_Vol_32002485''Si._Vi._Vyākhyānakōśaṁ''_Vol_11994225,_663''Si._Vi._Vyākhyānakōśaṁ''_Vol_21997670''Vyākhyānakuṟippukaḷ''2009428_194-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSi._Vi._Vyākhyānakōśaṁ_Vol_32002">Si. Vi. Vyākhyānakōśaṁ Vol 3 (2002)</a>, p. 485; <a href="#CITEREFSi._Vi._Vyākhyānakōśaṁ_Vol_11994">Si. Vi. Vyākhyānakōśaṁ Vol 1 (1994)</a>, p. 225, 663; <a href="#CITEREFSi._Vi._Vyākhyānakōśaṁ_Vol_21997">Si. Vi. 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V.]. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Encyclopaedia_of_Indian_Literature''_Vol_V20013901–3902-278"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Encyclopaedia_of_Indian_Literature''_Vol_V20013901–3902_278-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFEncyclopaedia_of_Indian_Literature_Vol_V2001">Encyclopaedia of Indian Literature Vol V (2001)</a>, pp. 3901–3902. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma_Upapāṭhapustakaṁ''1985-279"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma_Upapāṭhapustakaṁ''1985_279-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMāṟttāṇḍavaṟmma_Upapāṭhapustakaṁ1985">Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma Upapāṭhapustakaṁ (1985)</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKēraḷa_Pāṭhāvali19977–13സി._വി._യുടെ_മാനസപുത്രി_[Daughter_of_CV's_Mind]-280"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKēraḷa_Pāṭhāvali19977–13സി._വി._യുടെ_മാനസപുത്രി_[Daughter_of_CV's_Mind]_280-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFKēraḷa_Pāṭhāvali1997">Kēraḷa Pāṭhāvali (1997)</a>, pp. 7–13, സി. വി. യുടെ മാനസപുത്രി [Daughter of CV's Mind]. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMadurai_Kamaraj_University8_June_20151Kannur_University6_February_20151University_of_Madras24_March_20151University_of_Kerala4_February_20151Mahatma_Gandhi_University13_May_20151Pondicherry_University_-_BA_Malayalam201014-281"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMadurai_Kamaraj_University8_June_20151Kannur_University6_February_20151University_of_Madras24_March_20151University_of_Kerala4_February_20151Mahatma_Gandhi_University13_May_20151Pondicherry_University_-_BA_Malayalam201014_281-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMadurai_Kamaraj_University8_June_2015">Madurai Kamaraj University & 8 June 2015</a>, p. 1; <a href="#CITEREFKannur_University6_February_2015">Kannur University & 6 February 2015</a>, p. 1; <a href="#CITEREFUniversity_of_Madras24_March_2015">University of Madras & 24 March 2015</a>, p. 1; <a href="#CITEREFUniversity_of_Kerala4_February_2015">University of Kerala & 4 February 2015</a>, p. 1; <a href="#CITEREFMahatma_Gandhi_University13_May_2015">Mahatma Gandhi University & 13 May 2015</a>, p. 1; <a href="#CITEREFPondicherry_University_-_BA_Malayalam2010">Pondicherry University - BA Malayalam (2010)</a>, p. 14. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Si._Vi._Rāman_Piḷḷa''_by_Dr._Ayyappa_Paniker199342മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ_[Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma]-282"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Si._Vi._Rāman_Piḷḷa''_by_Dr._Ayyappa_Paniker199342മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ_[Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma]_282-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSi._Vi._Rāman_Piḷḷa_by_Dr._Ayyappa_Paniker1993">Si. Vi. Rāman Piḷḷa by Dr. Ayyappa Paniker (1993)</a>, p. 42, മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ [Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma]. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Śatābdi_Praśasti''20099-283"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Śatābdi_Praśasti''20099_283-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFŚatābdi_Praśasti2009">Śatābdi Praśasti (2009)</a>, p. 9. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Malayāḷanōval_Pattompatāṁ_Nūṯāṇṭil''1997104ചരിത്രനോവൽ–മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മയും_അക്ബറും_[Historical_Novel–''Marthandavarma''_and_''Akbar'']''Ādyakāla_Malayāḷanōval''201076മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ–ഒരു_പഠനം_[''Marthandavarma''–A_Study]''Caritrākhyāyikakaḷkk_Orāmukhaṁ''200926K._M._Tharakan200549,_51ഭാഗം_രണ്ട്_[Part_Two]-284"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Malayāḷanōval_Pattompatāṁ_Nūṯāṇṭil''1997104ചരിത്രനോവൽ–മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മയും_അക്ബറും_[Historical_Novel–''Marthandavarma''_and_''Akbar'']''Ādyakāla_Malayāḷanōval''201076മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ–ഒരു_പഠനം_[''Marthandavarma''–A_Study]''Caritrākhyāyikakaḷkk_Orāmukhaṁ''200926K._M._Tharakan200549,_51ഭാഗം_രണ്ട്_[Part_Two]_284-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMalayāḷanōval_Pattompatāṁ_Nūṯāṇṭil1997">Malayāḷanōval Pattompatāṁ Nūṯāṇṭil (1997)</a>, p. 104, ചരിത്രനോവൽ–മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മയും അക്ബറും [Historical Novel–Marthandavarma and Akbar]; <a href="#CITEREFĀdyakāla_Malayāḷanōval2010">Ādyakāla Malayāḷanōval (2010)</a>, p. 76, മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ–ഒരു പഠനം [Marthandavarma–A Study]; <a href="#CITEREFCaritrākhyāyikakaḷkk_Orāmukhaṁ2009">Caritrākhyāyikakaḷkk Orāmukhaṁ (2009)</a>, p. 26; <a href="#CITEREFK._M._Tharakan2005">K. M. Tharakan (2005)</a>, pp. 49, 51, ഭാഗം രണ്ട് [Part Two]. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEK._M._George199896The_Novel-285"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEK._M._George199896The_Novel_285-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFK._M._George1998">K. M. George (1998)</a>, p. 96, The Novel. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTED_C_Books2013-286"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTED_C_Books2013_286-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFD_C_Books2013">D C Books (2013)</a>. സി.വി.രാമൻപിള്ള എഴുതിയ മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ എന്ന ചരിത്രാഖ്യായിക വായിക്കാത്ത മലയാളികൾ കാണില്ല. പിൽക്കാലത്ത് മലയാളസാഹിത്യത്തിൽ അത്തരമൊന്ന് ഉണ്ടായിട്ടില്ല. [Malayalees who have not read Marthandavarma written by C. V. Raman Pillai, cannot be seen. There has been none of such in Malayalam literature in the later ages.] </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Marthandavarma_(novel)&action=edit&section=57" title="Edit section: Sources">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/List_of_works_related_to_Marthandavarma_(novel)" title="List of works related to Marthandavarma (novel)">List of works related to Marthandavarma (novel)</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNagam_Aiya1906" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/V._Nagam_Aiya" title="V. Nagam Aiya">Aiya, V. Nagam</a> (1999) [1906]. The Travancore State Manual. Vol. I. Thiruvananthapuram: Kerala Gazetteers Department, <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Kerala" title="Government of Kerala">Govt. of Kerala</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Travancore+State+Manual&rft.place=Thiruvananthapuram&rft.pub=Kerala+Gazetteers+Department%2C+Govt.+of+Kerala&rft.date=1999&rft.aulast=Aiya&rft.aufirst=V.+Nagam&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarthandavarma+%28novel%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIbrahim_Kunju1990" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Kunju, Dr. A.P. Ibrahim (2005) [1990]. Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma: Ādhunika Tiruvitāṁkūṟinṟe Udayaṁ <bdi lang="ml">മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ: ആധുനിക തിരുവിതാംകൂറിന്റെ ഉദയം</bdi> [Marthanda Varma : Rise of Modern Travancore] (in Malayalam). Thiruvananthapuram: Cultural Publications Department, <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Kerala" title="Government of Kerala">Govt. of Kerala</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=M%C4%81%E1%B9%9Ftt%C4%81%E1%B9%87%E1%B8%8Dava%E1%B9%9Fmma%3A+%C4%80dhunika+Tiruvit%C4%81%E1%B9%81k%C5%AB%E1%B9%9Fin%E1%B9%9Fe+Udaya%E1%B9%81+%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A3%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AE%3A+%E0%B4%86%E0%B4%A7%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95+%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%86+%E0%B4%89%E0%B4%A6%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%82&rft.place=Thiruvananthapuram&rft.pub=Cultural+Publications+Department%2C+Govt.+of+Kerala&rft.date=2005&rft.aulast=Kunju&rft.aufirst=Dr.+A.P.+Ibrahim&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarthandavarma+%28novel%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVelu_Pillai1940" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Pillai, T.K. Velu (1996) [1940]. The Travancore State Manual (in Malayalam). Vol. II. Thiruvananthapuram: Kerala Gazetteers Department, <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Kerala" title="Government of Kerala">Govt. of Kerala</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Travancore+State+Manual&rft.place=Thiruvananthapuram&rft.pub=Kerala+Gazetteers+Department%2C+Govt.+of+Kerala&rft.date=1996&rft.aulast=Pillai&rft.aufirst=T.K.+Velu&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarthandavarma+%28novel%29" class="Z3988"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMathilakam_Records1996" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Anonymous authors (1996) [1325–1872]. Pillai, T.K. Velu (ed.). Historical Documents (in Malayalam).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Historical+Documents&rft.date=1996&rft.au=Anonymous+authors&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarthandavarma+%28novel%29" class="Z3988"></li></ul></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShangoony_Menon1879" class="citation book cs1">Menon, P. Shangoony (1998) [1879]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/historyoftravanc0000pshu">History of Travancore from the Earliest Times</a>. New Delhi: <a href="/wiki/Asian_Educational_Services" title="Asian Educational Services">Asian Educational Services</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9788120601697" title="Special:BookSources/9788120601697"><bdi>9788120601697</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+of+Travancore+from+the+Earliest+Times&rft.place=New+Delhi&rft.pub=Asian+Educational+Services&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=9788120601697&rft.aulast=Menon&rft.aufirst=P.+Shangoony&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhistoryoftravanc0000pshu&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarthandavarma+%28novel%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDefinitive_Variorum1992" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/C._V._Raman_Pillai" title="C. V. Raman Pillai">Pillai, C. V. Raman</a> (1992) [1891]. Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma <bdi lang="ml">മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ</bdi> [Marthandavarma] (in Malayalam) (Definitive Variorum ed.). Kottayam: <a href="/wiki/D._C._Books" class="mw-redirect" title="D. C. Books">D. C. Books</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/8171301304" title="Special:BookSources/8171301304"><bdi>8171301304</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=M%C4%81%E1%B9%9Ftt%C4%81%E1%B9%87%E1%B8%8Dava%E1%B9%9Fmma+%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A3%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AE&rft.place=Kottayam&rft.edition=Definitive+Variorum&rft.pub=D.+C.+Books&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=8171301304&rft.aulast=Pillai&rft.aufirst=C.+V.+Raman&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarthandavarma+%28novel%29" class="Z3988"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDefinitive_Variorum2009" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-script"><a href="/wiki/C._V._Raman_Pillai" title="C. V. Raman Pillai">Pillai, C. V. Raman</a> (2009) [1891]. Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma <bdi lang="ml">മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ</bdi> [Marthandavarma] (Definitive Variorum Revised ed.).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=M%C4%81%E1%B9%9Ftt%C4%81%E1%B9%87%E1%B8%8Dava%E1%B9%9Fmma+%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A3%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AE&rft.edition=Definitive+Variorum+Revised&rft.date=2009&rft.aulast=Pillai&rft.aufirst=C.+V.+Raman&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarthandavarma+%28novel%29" class="Z3988"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMāṟttāṇḍavaṟmma:_Caritravuṁ_Kalpanayuṁ2009" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/N._Krishna_Pillai" title="N. Krishna Pillai">Pilla, Prof. N. Krishna</a>; Nair, Prof. V. Anandakkuttan (2009) [1983]. Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma: Caritravuṁ Kalpanayuṁ <bdi lang="ml">മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ: ചരിത്രവും കല്പനയും</bdi> [Marthandavarma: History and Figment] (in Malayalam).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=M%C4%81%E1%B9%9Ftt%C4%81%E1%B9%87%E1%B8%8Dava%E1%B9%9Fmma%3A+Caritravu%E1%B9%81+Kalpanayu%E1%B9%81+%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A3%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AE%3A+%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%82+%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%82&rft.date=2009&rft.aulast=Pilla&rft.aufirst=Prof.+N.+Krishna&rft.au=Nair%2C+Prof.+V.+Anandakkuttan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarthandavarma+%28novel%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKathākālaṁ;_saṁbhavasthalaṅṅaḷ2009" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/N._Krishna_Pillai" title="N. Krishna Pillai">Pilla, Prof. N. Krishna</a>; Nair, Prof. V. Anandakkuttan (2009) [1983]. Kathākālaṁ; saṁbhavasthalaṅṅaḷ <bdi lang="ml">കഥാകാലം; സംഭവസ്ഥലങ്ങൾ</bdi> [Timeline of story; Incident locations] (in Malayalam).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Kath%C4%81k%C4%81la%E1%B9%81%3B+sa%E1%B9%81bhavasthala%E1%B9%85%E1%B9%85a%E1%B8%B7+%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%A5%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%82%3B+%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%AD%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A5%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%BE&rft.date=2009&rft.aulast=Pilla&rft.aufirst=Prof.+N.+Krishna&rft.au=Nair%2C+Prof.+V.+Anandakkuttan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarthandavarma+%28novel%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCaritrākhyāyikakaḷkk_Orāmukhaṁ2009" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/K._Raghavan_Pillai" title="K. Raghavan Pillai">Pilla, Dr. K. Raghavan</a> (2009) [1983]. Si. Vi. yuṭe Caritrākhyāyikakaḷkk Orāmukhaṁ <bdi lang="ml">സി വി യുടെ ചരിത്രാഖ്യായികകൾക്ക് ഒരാമുഖം</bdi> [An Introduction to CV's Historical Narratives] (in Malayalam).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Si.+Vi.+yu%E1%B9%ADe+Caritr%C4%81khy%C4%81yikaka%E1%B8%B7kk+Or%C4%81mukha%E1%B9%81+%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BF+%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF+%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%86+%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%96%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%BE%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D+%E0%B4%92%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%96%E0%B4%82&rft.date=2009&rft.aulast=Pilla&rft.aufirst=Dr.+K.+Raghavan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarthandavarma+%28novel%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSūcitasāhityakr̥tikaḷ2009" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Venugopalan, Dr. P. (2009) [1992]. Sūcitasāhityakr̥tikaḷ - oru paṭhanaṁ <bdi lang="ml">സൂചിതസാഹിത്യകൃതികൾ - ഒരു പഠനം</bdi> [Referred Literary works – A study] (in Malayalam).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=S%C5%ABcitas%C4%81hityakr%CC%A5tika%E1%B8%B7+-+oru+pa%E1%B9%ADhana%E1%B9%81+%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%83%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%BE+-+%E0%B4%92%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%81+%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%A0%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%82&rft.date=2009&rft.aulast=Venugopalan&rft.aufirst=Dr.+P.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarthandavarma+%28novel%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMāṟttāṇḍavaṟmma:_Sr̥ṣṭiyuṁ_svarūpavuṁ2009" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Venugopalan, Dr. P. (2009) [1992]. Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma: Sr̥ṣṭiyuṁ svarūpavuṁ <bdi lang="ml">മാർത്താണ്ഡവർമ്മ: സൃഷ്ടിയും സ്വരൂപവും</bdi> [Marthandavarma: Creation and Formation] (in Malayalam).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=M%C4%81%E1%B9%9Ftt%C4%81%E1%B9%87%E1%B8%8Dava%E1%B9%9Fmma%3A+Sr%CC%A5%E1%B9%A3%E1%B9%ADiyu%E1%B9%81+svar%C5%ABpavu%E1%B9%81+%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A3%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AE%3A+%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%83%E0%B4%B7%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%82+%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%82&rft.date=2009&rft.aulast=Venugopalan&rft.aufirst=Dr.+P.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarthandavarma+%28novel%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVyākhyānakuṟippukaḷ2009" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Venugopalan, Dr. P. (2009) [1992]. Vyākhyānakuṟippukaḷ <bdi lang="ml">വ്യാഖ്യാനക്കുറിപ്പുകൾ</bdi> [Explanatory notes] (in Malayalam).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Vy%C4%81khy%C4%81naku%E1%B9%9Fippuka%E1%B8%B7+%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%96%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%BE&rft.date=2009&rft.aulast=Venugopalan&rft.aufirst=Dr.+P.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarthandavarma+%28novel%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPṟasādhakakkuṟippŭ2009" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/D._C._Kizhakemuri" title="D. C. Kizhakemuri">Kizhakemuri, D C</a> (2009) [1992]. Pṟasādhakakkuṟippŭ <bdi lang="ml">പ്രസാധകക്കുറിപ്പ്</bdi> [Publishers' Note] (in Malayalam).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=P%E1%B9%9Fas%C4%81dhakakku%E1%B9%9Fipp%C5%AD+%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A7%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D&rft.date=2009&rft.aulast=Kizhakemuri&rft.aufirst=D+C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarthandavarma+%28novel%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFŚatābdi_Praśasti2009" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Ayyappa_Paniker" title="Ayyappa Paniker">Paniker, Dr. Ayyappa</a> (2009) [1992]. Śatābdi Praśasti <bdi lang="ml">ശതാബ്ദി പ്രശസ്തി</bdi> [Centenary Fame] (in Malayalam).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%C5%9Aat%C4%81bdi+Pra%C5%9Basti+%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A6%E0%B4%BF+%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BF&rft.date=2009&rft.aulast=Paniker&rft.aufirst=Dr.+Ayyappa&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarthandavarma+%28novel%29" class="Z3988"></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-script">Nair, Prof. Panmana Ramachandran, ed. (2013). Si. Vi. Paṭhanaṅṅaḷ <bdi lang="ml">സി. വി. പഠനങ്ങൾ</bdi> [C. V. Studies]. Thiruvananthapuram: P. K. Parameswaran Nair Memorial Trust. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9788124019566" title="Special:BookSources/9788124019566"><bdi>9788124019566</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Si.+Vi.+Pa%E1%B9%ADhana%E1%B9%85%E1%B9%85a%E1%B8%B7+%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BF.+%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF.+%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%A0%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%BE&rft.place=Thiruvananthapuram&rft.pub=P.+K.+Parameswaran+Nair+Memorial+Trust&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=9788124019566&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarthandavarma+%28novel%29" class="Z3988"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPeruntaccanṟe_Baliṣṭhaśilpaṅṅaḷ2013" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Sasibhooshan, Dr. M. G. (2013). Peruntaccanṟe Baliṣṭhaśilpaṅṅaḷ <bdi lang="ml">പെരുന്തച്ചന്റെ ബലിഷ്ഠശില്പങ്ങൾ</bdi> [Perunthachan's Strong Structures] (in Malayalam).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Peruntaccan%E1%B9%9Fe+Bali%E1%B9%A3%E1%B9%ADha%C5%9Bilpa%E1%B9%85%E1%B9%85a%E1%B8%B7+%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%9A%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%86+%E0%B4%AC%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B7%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A0%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%BE&rft.date=2013&rft.aulast=Sasibhooshan&rft.aufirst=Dr.+M.+G.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarthandavarma+%28novel%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSi._Vi._Nōvalukaḷ_Araṅṅatt2013" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Nair, Dr. N. Rajan (2013). Si. Vi. Nōvalukaḷ Araṅṅatt <bdi lang="ml">സി. വി. നോവലുകൾ അരങ്ങത്ത്</bdi> [C. V. Novels on Stage] (in Malayalam).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Si.+Vi.+N%C5%8Dvaluka%E1%B8%B7+Ara%E1%B9%85%E1%B9%85att+%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BF.+%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF.+%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%BE+%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%99%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D&rft.date=2013&rft.aulast=Nair&rft.aufirst=Dr.+N.+Rajan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarthandavarma+%28novel%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJanakīyasaṁskāraṁ2013" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Ajithkumar, Dr. N. (2013). Janakīyasaṁskāraṁ <bdi lang="ml">ജനകീയസംസ്കാരം</bdi> [Popular Culture] (in Malayalam).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Janak%C4%AByasa%E1%B9%81sk%C4%81ra%E1%B9%81+%E0%B4%9C%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%82&rft.date=2013&rft.aulast=Ajithkumar&rft.aufirst=Dr.+N.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarthandavarma+%28novel%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRasāviṣkaraṇaṁ_Si.Vi.Nōvalukaḷil2013" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Nair, Dr. Poojapura Krishnan (2013). Rasāviṣkaraṇaṁ Si.Vi.Nōvalukaḷil <bdi lang="ml">രസാവിഷ്കരണം സി.വി.നോവലുകളിൽ</bdi> [Representation of themes in C. V. Novels] (in Malayalam).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ras%C4%81vi%E1%B9%A3kara%E1%B9%87a%E1%B9%81+Si.Vi.N%C5%8Dvaluka%E1%B8%B7il+%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B7%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A3%E0%B4%82+%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BF.%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF.%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B3%E0%B4%BF%E0%B5%BD&rft.date=2013&rft.aulast=Nair&rft.aufirst=Dr.+Poojapura+Krishnan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarthandavarma+%28novel%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDēśacaritraṁ_Si.Vi.yuṭe_Nōvalukaḷil2013" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Benjamin, Dr. D. (2013). Dēśacaritraṁ Si.Vi.yuṭe Nōvalukaḷil <bdi lang="ml">ദേശചരിത്രം സി.വി.യുടെ നോവലുകളിൽ</bdi> [Locality history in C.V.'s novels] (in Malayalam).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=D%C4%93%C5%9Bacaritra%E1%B9%81+Si.Vi.yu%E1%B9%ADe+N%C5%8Dvaluka%E1%B8%B7il+%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%82+%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BF.%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF.%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%86+%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B3%E0%B4%BF%E0%B5%BD&rft.date=2013&rft.aulast=Benjamin&rft.aufirst=Dr.+D.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarthandavarma+%28novel%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRājanītiyuṁ_Prajādhaṟmmavuṁ2013" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Nair I. A. S, R. Ramachandran (2013). Rājavītiyuṁ Prajādhaṟmmavuṁ <bdi lang="ml">രാജനീതിയും പ്രജാധർമ്മവും</bdi> [Royal policies and populus ethics] (in Malayalam).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=R%C4%81jav%C4%ABtiyu%E1%B9%81+Praj%C4%81dha%E1%B9%9Fmmavu%E1%B9%81+%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%9C%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%82+%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%9C%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A7%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%82&rft.date=2013&rft.aulast=Nair+I.+A.+S&rft.aufirst=R.+Ramachandran&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarthandavarma+%28novel%29" class="Z3988"></li></ul></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFirst_Edn.1891" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/C.V._Raman_Pillai" class="mw-redirect" title="C.V. Raman Pillai">Pillai, C.V. Raman</a> (1891). Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmmā <bdi lang="ml">മാൎത്താണ്ഡവൎമ്മാ</bdi> [Marthandavarma] (in Malayalam) (First ed.). Trivandrum: C.V. Raman Pillai.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=M%C4%81%E1%B9%9Ftt%C4%81%E1%B9%87%E1%B8%8Dava%E1%B9%9Fmm%C4%81+%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%8E%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A3%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%8E%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE&rft.place=Trivandrum&rft.edition=First&rft.pub=C.V.+Raman+Pillai&rft.date=1891&rft.aulast=Pillai&rft.aufirst=C.V.+Raman&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarthandavarma+%28novel%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKamalalaya_edn.1971" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/C.V._Raman_Pillai" class="mw-redirect" title="C.V. Raman Pillai">Pillai, C.V. Raman</a> (1971) [1891]. Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma <bdi lang="ml">മാൎത്താണ്ഡവൎമ്മ</bdi> [Marthandavarma] (in Malayalam). Trivandrum: Kamalalaya Book Depot.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=M%C4%81%E1%B9%9Ftt%C4%81%E1%B9%87%E1%B8%8Dava%E1%B9%9Fmma+%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%8E%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A3%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%8E%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AE&rft.place=Trivandrum&rft.pub=Kamalalaya+Book+Depot&rft.date=1971&rft.aulast=Pillai&rft.aufirst=C.V.+Raman&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarthandavarma+%28novel%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMāṟttāṇḍavaṟmma_[SPCS_Edn.]1973" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/C.V._Raman_Pillai" class="mw-redirect" title="C.V. Raman Pillai">Pillai, C.V. Raman</a> (1973) [1891]. Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma <bdi lang="ml">മാൎത്താണ്ഡവൎമ്മ</bdi> [Marthandavarma] (in Malayalam). Kottayam: Sahitya Pravarthaka Co-operative Society Ltd.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=M%C4%81%E1%B9%9Ftt%C4%81%E1%B9%87%E1%B8%8Dava%E1%B9%9Fmma+%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%8E%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A3%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%8E%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AE&rft.place=Kottayam&rft.pub=Sahitya+Pravarthaka+Co-operative+Society+Ltd&rft.date=1973&rft.aulast=Pillai&rft.aufirst=C.V.+Raman&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarthandavarma+%28novel%29" class="Z3988"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMāṟttāṇḍavaṟmma_[SPCS_Edn.]1991" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/C.V._Raman_Pillai" class="mw-redirect" title="C.V. Raman Pillai">Pillai, C.V. Raman</a> (1991) [1891]. Māṟttāṇḍavaṟmma <bdi lang="ml">മാൎത്താണ്ഡവൎമ്മ</bdi> [Marthandavarma] (in Malayalam). Kottayam: Sahitya Pravarthaka Co-operative Society Ltd.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=M%C4%81%E1%B9%9Ftt%C4%81%E1%B9%87%E1%B8%8Dava%E1%B9%9Fmma+%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%8E%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A3%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%8E%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AE&rft.place=Kottayam&rft.pub=Sahitya+Pravarthaka+Co-operative+Society+Ltd&rft.date=1991&rft.aulast=Pillai&rft.aufirst=C.V.+Raman&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarthandavarma+%28novel%29" class="Z3988"></li></ul></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFĀdyakāla_Malayāḷanōval2010" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/George_Irumbayam" title="George Irumbayam">Irumbayam, Dr. George</a> (2010) [1982]. Ādyakāla Malayāḷanōval <bdi lang="ml">ആദ്യകാല മലയാളനോവൽ</bdi> [Early Malayalam Novel] (in Malayalam). Kottayam: Sahitya Pravarthaka Co-operative Society Ltd.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%C4%80dyak%C4%81la+Malay%C4%81%E1%B8%B7an%C5%8Dval+%E0%B4%86%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B2+%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B3%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%BD&rft.place=Kottayam&rft.pub=Sahitya+Pravarthaka+Co-operative+Society+Ltd&rft.date=2010&rft.aulast=Irumbayam&rft.aufirst=Dr.+George&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarthandavarma+%28novel%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSi._Vi._Rāman_Piḷḷa_by_Dr._Ayyappa_Paniker1993" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Ayyappa_Paniker" title="Ayyappa Paniker">Paniker, Dr. Ayyappa</a> (1993). Si. Vi. Rāman Piḷḷa <bdi lang="ml">സി. വി. രാമൻ പിള്ള</bdi> [C. V. Raman Pillai]. Malalyalam Men of Letters (in Malayalam). Thiruvananthapuram: Dept. of Publications, <a href="/wiki/University_of_Kerala" title="University of Kerala">University of Kerala</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Si.+Vi.+R%C4%81man+Pi%E1%B8%B7%E1%B8%B7a+%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BF.+%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF.+%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%BB+%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B3%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B3&rft.place=Thiruvananthapuram&rft.series=Malalyalam+Men+of+Letters&rft.pub=Dept.+of+Publications%2C+University+of+Kerala&rft.date=1993&rft.aulast=Paniker&rft.aufirst=Dr.+Ayyappa&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarthandavarma+%28novel%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFN._Balakrishnan_Nair1951" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Nair, N. Balakrishnan (1951). Sākṣāl Si. Vi <bdi lang="ml">സാക്ഷാൽ സി. വി.</bdi> [Real C. V.] (in Malayalam). 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Retrieved 28 January 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Novel&rft.atitle=P%E1%B9%9F%C4%81c%C4%ABna+K%C4%93ra%E1%B8%B7attin%E1%B9%9Fe+Vipulacarit%E1%B9%9Fam%C4%81yi+Oru+N%C5%8Dval+%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%9A%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A8+%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%B3%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%86+%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%BF+%E0%B4%92%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%81+%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%BD&rft.date=2013-11-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dcbooks.com%2Fathijeevanam-by-ettumanoor-somadasan-released.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarthandavarma+%28novel%29" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Marthandavarma_(novel)&action=edit&section=58" title="Edit section: Further reading">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239549316"><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVarious_contributors1992" class="citation conference cs1">Various contributors (1992). Sahitya Akademi National Seminar on Martanda Varma. National Seminar on Malayalam Classic Marthandavarma. National Seminar. New Delhi: <a href="/wiki/Sahitya_Akademi" title="Sahitya Akademi">Sahitya Akademi</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=conference&rft.btitle=Sahitya+Akademi+National+Seminar+on+Martanda+Varma&rft.place=New+Delhi&rft.series=National+Seminar&rft.pub=Sahitya+Akademi&rft.date=1992&rft.au=Various+contributors&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarthandavarma+%28novel%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMukherjee1992" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Meenakshi_Mukherjee" title="Meenakshi Mukherjee">Mukherjee, Meenakshi</a> (1992). Rajan, P.K. (ed.). "Marthanda Varma and the Historical Novel in India". Littcrit. XVIII (1 & 2). Thiruvananthapuram.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Littcrit&rft.atitle=Marthanda+Varma+and+the+Historical+Novel+in+India&rft.volume=XVIII&rft.issue=1+%26+2&rft.date=1992&rft.aulast=Mukherjee&rft.aufirst=Meenakshi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarthandavarma+%28novel%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPillai2012" class="citation journal cs1">Pillai, Meena T. (2012). "Modernity and the Fetishising of Female Chastity: C.V. Raman Pillai and the Anxieties of the Early Modern Malayalam Novel". South Asian Review. XXXIII (1). Florida: South Asian Literary Association.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=South+Asian+Review&rft.atitle=Modernity+and+the+Fetishising+of+Female+Chastity%3A+C.V.+Raman+Pillai+and+the+Anxieties+of+the+Early+Modern+Malayalam+Novel&rft.volume=XXXIII&rft.issue=1&rft.date=2012&rft.aulast=Pillai&rft.aufirst=Meena+T.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarthandavarma+%28novel%29" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Marthandavarma_(novel)&action=edit&section=59" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=JboTc49QU50C">Marthanda Varma preview: Google books.</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Marthandavarma_(novel)" title="Template:Marthandavarma (novel)"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Marthandavarma_(novel)" title="Template talk:Marthandavarma (novel)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Marthandavarma_(novel)" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Marthandavarma (novel)"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="C._V._Raman_Pillai&#039;s_Marthandavarma" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/C._V._Raman_Pillai" title="C. V. Raman Pillai">C. V. Raman Pillai</a>'s <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Marthandavarma</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Marthandavarma_characters" title="List of Marthandavarma characters">Characters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_allusions_in_Marthandavarma_novel" title="List of allusions in Marthandavarma novel">Allusions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_works_related_to_Marthandavarma_(novel)" title="List of works related to Marthandavarma (novel)">Bibliography</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Films</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marthanda_Varma_(film)" title="Marthanda Varma (film)">Marthanda Varma</a> (1933)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kulam_(film)" title="Kulam (film)">Kulam</a> (1997)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sequels</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dharmaraja_(novel)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dharmaraja (novel)">Dharmaraja</a> (1913)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramarajabahadur_(novel)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ramarajabahadur (novel)">Ramarajabahadur</a> (1918–1919)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Malayalam_literature" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Malayalam_literature" title="Template:Malayalam literature"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Malayalam_literature" title="Template talk:Malayalam literature"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Malayalam_literature" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Malayalam literature"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Malayalam_literature" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Malayalam_literature" title="Malayalam literature">Malayalam literature</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organisations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kerala_Sahitya_Akademi" title="Kerala Sahitya Akademi">Kerala Sahitya Akademi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerala_Sasthra_Sahithya_Parishad" title="Kerala Sasthra Sahithya Parishad">Kerala Sasthra Sahithya Parishad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purogamana_Kala_Sahitya_Sangham" title="Purogamana Kala Sahitya Sangham">Purogamana Kala Sahitya Sangham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sahithya_Pravarthaka_Co-operative_Society" title="Sahithya Pravarthaka Co-operative Society">Sahithya Pravarthaka Co-operative Society</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Malayalam_literary_awards" title="List of Malayalam literary awards">Literary awards</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Dhabi_Sakthi_Award" title="Abu Dhabi Sakthi Award">Abu Dhabi Sakthi Award</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asan_Smaraka_Kavitha_Puraskaram" title="Asan Smaraka Kavitha Puraskaram">Asan Smaraka Kavitha Puraskaram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherukad_Award" title="Cherukad Award">Cherukad Award</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edasseri_Award" title="Edasseri Award">Edasseri Award</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ezhuthachan_Puraskaram" title="Ezhuthachan Puraskaram">Ezhuthachan Puraskaram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerala_Sahitya_Akademi_Award_for_Biography_and_Autobiography" title="Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award for Biography and Autobiography">Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award for Biography and Autobiography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerala_Sahitya_Akademi_Award_for_Children%27s_Literature" title="Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award for Children's Literature">Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award for Children's Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerala_Sahitya_Akademi_Award_for_Drama" title="Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award for Drama">Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award for Drama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerala_Sahitya_Akademi_Award_for_Humour" title="Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award for Humour">Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award for Humour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerala_Sahitya_Akademi_Award_for_Literary_Criticism" title="Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award for Literary Criticism">Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award for Literary Criticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerala_Sahitya_Akademi_Award_for_Miscellaneous_Works" title="Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award for Miscellaneous Works">Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award for Miscellaneous Works</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerala_Sahitya_Akademi_Award_for_Novel" title="Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award for Novel">Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award for Novel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerala_Sahitya_Akademi_Award_for_Overall_Contributions" title="Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award for Overall Contributions">Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award for Overall Contributions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerala_Sahitya_Akademi_Award_for_Poetry" title="Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award for Poetry">Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award for Poetry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerala_Sahitya_Akademi_Award_for_Scholarly_Literature" title="Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award for Scholarly Literature">Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award for Scholarly Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerala_Sahitya_Akademi_Award_for_Story" title="Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award for Story">Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award for Story</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerala_Sahitya_Akademi_Award_for_Translation" title="Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award for Translation">Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award for Translation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerala_Sahitya_Akademi_Award_for_Travelogue" title="Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award for Travelogue">Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award for Travelogue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerala_Sahitya_Akademi_Fellowship" title="Kerala Sahitya Akademi Fellowship">Kerala Sahitya Akademi Fellowship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mathrubhumi_Literary_Award" title="Mathrubhumi Literary Award">Mathrubhumi Literary Award</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muttathu_Varkey_Award" title="Muttathu Varkey Award">Muttathu Varkey Award</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/O._N._V._Literary_Award" title="O. N. V. Literary Award">O. N. V. Literary Award</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/O._V._Vijayan_Literary_Award" title="O. V. Vijayan Literary Award">O. V. Vijayan Literary Award</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odakkuzhal_Award" title="Odakkuzhal Award">Odakkuzhal Award</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Padmarajan_Award" title="Padmarajan Award">Padmarajan Award</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P._Kesavadev_Literary_Award" title="P. Kesavadev Literary Award">P. Kesavadev Literary Award</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulloor_Award" title="Ulloor Award">Ulloor Award</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vallathol_Award" title="Vallathol Award">Vallathol Award</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vayalar_Award" title="Vayalar Award">Vayalar Award</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Fiction writers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ajijesh_Pachat" title="Ajijesh Pachat">Ajijesh Pachat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akbar_Kakkattil" title="Akbar Kakkattil">Akbar Kakkattil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anand_(writer)" title="Anand (writer)">Anand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anita_Nair" title="Anita Nair">Anita Nair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anoop_Sasikumar" title="Anoop Sasikumar">Anoop Sasikumar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Appu_Nedungadi" title="Appu Nedungadi">Appu Nedungadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashitha_(writer)" title="Ashitha (writer)">Ashitha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashtamoorthi_K._V." title="Ashtamoorthi K. V.">Ashtamoorthi K. V.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aymanam_John" title="Aymanam John">Aymanam John</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Babu_Bharadwaj" title="Babu Bharadwaj">Babu Bharadwaj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B._M._Suhara" title="B. M. Suhara">B. M. Suhara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B._Sandhya" title="B. Sandhya">B. Sandhya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._Radhakrishnan" title="C. Radhakrishnan">C. Radhakrishnan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._V._Balakrishnan" title="C. V. Balakrishnan">C. V. Balakrishnan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._V._Raman_Pillai" title="C. V. Raman Pillai">C. V. Raman Pillai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._V._Sreeraman" title="C. V. Sreeraman">C. V. Sreeraman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chandramathi" title="Chandramathi">Chandramathi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherukad" title="Cherukad">Cherukad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E._Harikumar" title="E. Harikumar">E. Harikumar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E._Vasu" title="E. Vasu">E. Vasu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G._R._Indugopan" title="G. R. Indugopan">G. R. Indugopan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Onakkoor" title="George Onakkoor">George Onakkoor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gracy_(writer)" title="Gracy (writer)">Gracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/I._K._K._Menon" title="I. K. K. Menon">I. K. K. Menon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jayasree_Kalathil" title="Jayasree Kalathil">Jayasree Kalathil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Abraham_(director)" title="John Abraham (director)">John Abraham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jose_Panachippuram" title="Jose Panachippuram">Jose Panachippuram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joy_J._Kaimaparamban" title="Joy J. Kaimaparamban">Joy J. Kaimaparamban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K._J._Baby" title="K. J. Baby">K. J. Baby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arch_Deacon_Koshy" class="mw-redirect" title="Arch Deacon Koshy">Arch Deacon Koshy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K._L._Mohana_Varma" title="K. L. Mohana Varma">K. L. Mohana Varma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K._N._Ezhuthachan" title="K. N. Ezhuthachan">K. N. Ezhuthachan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K._P._Nirmal_Kumar" title="K. P. Nirmal Kumar">K. P. Nirmal Kumar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K._P._Ramanunni" title="K. P. Ramanunni">K. P. Ramanunni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K._R._Meera" title="K. R. Meera">K. R. Meera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K._Rekha" title="K. Rekha">K. Rekha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K._Surendran" title="K. Surendran">K. Surendran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K._P._Joseph_Kalarickal" title="K. P. Joseph Kalarickal">K. P. Joseph Kalarickal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K._Thayat" title="K. Thayat">K. Thayat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kainikkara_Padmanabha_Pillai" title="Kainikkara Padmanabha Pillai">Kainikkara Padmanabha Pillai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kakkanadan" title="Kakkanadan">Kakkanadan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamala_Surayya" title="Kamala Surayya">Kamala Surayya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanam_EJ" class="mw-redirect" title="Kanam EJ">Kanam EJ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karunakaran_(Malayalam_writer)" title="Karunakaran (Malayalam writer)">Karunakaran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karur_Neelakanta_Pillai" class="mw-redirect" title="Karur Neelakanta Pillai">Karur Neelakanta Pillai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khadija_Mumtaz" title="Khadija Mumtaz">Khadija Mumtaz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kottayam_Pushpanath" title="Kottayam Pushpanath">Kottayam Pushpanath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kovilan" title="Kovilan">Kovilan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K._V._Anoop" title="K. V. Anoop">K. V. Anoop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lajo_Jose" title="Lajo Jose">Lajo Jose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lalithambika_Antharjanam" title="Lalithambika Antharjanam">Lalithambika Antharjanam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._Govindan" title="M. Govindan">M. Govindan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._Mukundan" title="M. Mukundan">M. Mukundan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._Sukumaran" title="M. Sukumaran">M. Sukumaran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._T._Vasudevan_Nair" title="M. T. Vasudevan Nair">M. T. Vasudevan Nair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madampu_Kunjukuttan" title="Madampu Kunjukuttan">Madampu Kunjukuttan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madhupal" title="Madhupal">Madhupal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malayath_Appunni" title="Malayath Appunni">Malayath Appunni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malayattoor_Ramakrishnan" title="Malayattoor Ramakrishnan">Malayattoor Ramakrishnan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mallika_Yunis" title="Mallika Yunis">Mallika Yunis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muttathu_Varkey" title="Muttathu Varkey">Muttathu Varkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N._Mohanan" title="N. Mohanan">N. Mohanan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N._N._Pisharody" title="N. N. Pisharody">N. N. Pisharody</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N._P._Chellappan_Nair" title="N. P. Chellappan Nair">N. P. Chellappan Nair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N._P._Mohammed" title="N. P. Mohammed">N. P. Mohammed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N._S._Madhavan" title="N. S. Madhavan">N. S. Madhavan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nandanar_(author)" title="Nandanar (author)">Nandanar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narayan_(writer)" title="Narayan (writer)">Narayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/O._V._Vijayan" title="O. V. Vijayan">O. V. Vijayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omchery_N._N._Pillai" title="Omchery N. N. Pillai">Omchery N. N. Pillai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oyyarathu_Chandu_Menon" title="Oyyarathu Chandu Menon">Oyyarathu Chandu Menon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P._Ayyaneth" title="P. Ayyaneth">P. Ayyaneth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P._Surendran" title="P. Surendran">P. Surendran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P._F._Mathews" title="P. F. Mathews">P. F. Mathews</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P._K._Balakrishnan" title="P. K. Balakrishnan">P. K. Balakrishnan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P._Kesavadev" title="P. Kesavadev">P. Kesavadev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P._R._Nathan" title="P. R. Nathan">P. R. Nathan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P._R._Shyamala" title="P. R. Shyamala">P. R. Shyamala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P._Surendran" title="P. Surendran">P. Surendran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P._Valsala" class="mw-redirect" title="P. Valsala">P. Valsala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Padmarajan" title="Padmarajan">Padmarajan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pamman" title="Pamman">Pamman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parappurath" title="Parappurath">Parappurath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pattathuvila_Karunakaran" title="Pattathuvila Karunakaran">Pattathuvila Karunakaran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Chirakkarode" title="Paul Chirakkarode">Paul Chirakkarode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Zacharia" title="Paul Zacharia">Paul Zacharia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perumbadavam_Sreedharan" title="Perumbadavam Sreedharan">Perumbadavam Sreedharan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ponjikkara_Rafi" title="Ponjikkara Rafi">Ponjikkara Rafi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ponkunnam_Varkey" title="Ponkunnam Varkey">Ponkunnam Varkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punathil_Kunjabdulla" title="Punathil Kunjabdulla">Punathil Kunjabdulla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raghunath_Paleri" title="Raghunath Paleri">Raghunath Paleri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S._Hareesh" title="S. Hareesh">S. Hareesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S._K._Pottekkatt" title="S. K. Pottekkatt">S. K. Pottekkatt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santhosh_Echikkanam" class="mw-redirect" title="Santhosh Echikkanam">Santhosh Echikkanam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Joseph_(author)" title="Sarah Joseph (author)">Sarah Joseph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Thomas_(writer)" title="Sarah Thomas (writer)">Sarah Thomas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Savithri_Rajeevan" title="Savithri Rajeevan">Savithri Rajeevan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socrates_K._Valath" title="Socrates K. Valath">Socrates K. Valath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudhakar_Mangalodayam" title="Sudhakar Mangalodayam">Sudhakar Mangalodayam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sethu_(writer)" title="Sethu (writer)">Sethu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shihabuddin_Poythumkadavu" title="Shihabuddin Poythumkadavu">Shihabuddin Poythumkadavu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sohanlal" title="Sohanlal">Sohanlal</a></li> <li>Sreekrishnapuram Krishnankutty</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subhash_Chandran" title="Subhash Chandran">Subhash Chandran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T._P._Rajeevan" title="T. P. Rajeevan">T. P. Rajeevan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T._Padmanabhan" title="T. Padmanabhan">T. Padmanabhan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T._V._Kochubava" title="T. V. Kochubava">T. V. Kochubava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T._V._Varkey" title="T. V. Varkey">T. V. Varkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tatapuram_Sukumaran" title="Tatapuram Sukumaran">Tatapuram Sukumaran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thakazhi_Sivasankara_Pillai" title="Thakazhi Sivasankara Pillai">Thakazhi Sivasankara Pillai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thikkodiyan" title="Thikkodiyan">Thikkodiyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Joseph" title="Thomas Joseph">Thomas Joseph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U._A._Khader" title="U. A. Khader">U. A. Khader</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U._K._Kumaran" title="U. K. Kumaran">U. K. Kumaran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unnikrishnan_Puthur" title="Unnikrishnan Puthur">Unnikrishnan Puthur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unnikrishnan_Thiruvazhiyode" title="Unnikrishnan Thiruvazhiyode">Unnikrishnan Thiruvazhiyode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uroob" title="Uroob">Uroob</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V._K._N." title="V. K. N.">V. K. N.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V._P._Sivakumar" title="V. P. Sivakumar">V. P. Sivakumar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaikom_Muhammad_Basheer" title="Vaikom Muhammad Basheer">Vaikom Muhammad Basheer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vallachira_Madhavan" title="Vallachira Madhavan">Vallachira Madhavan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vengayil_Kunhiraman_Nayanar" title="Vengayil Kunhiraman Nayanar">Vengayil Kunhiraman Nayanar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._K._Menon" title="M. K. Menon">Vilasini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vinoy_Thomas" title="Vinoy Thomas">Vinoy Thomas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Poets</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A._Ayyappan" title="A. Ayyappan">A. Ayyappan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._C._Sreehari" title="A. C. Sreehari">A. C. Sreehari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._R._Raja_Raja_Varma" title="A. R. Raja Raja Varma">A. R. Raja Raja Varma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akkitham_Achuthan_Namboothiri" title="Akkitham Achuthan Namboothiri">Akkitham Achuthan Namboothiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Ernst_Hanxleden" title="Johann Ernst Hanxleden">Arnos Pathiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attoor_Ravi_Varma" title="Attoor Ravi Varma">Attoor Ravi Varma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balachandran_Chullikkadu" class="mw-redirect" title="Balachandran Chullikkadu">Balachandran Chullikkadu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balamani_Amma" title="Balamani Amma">Balamani Amma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bodheswaran" title="Bodheswaran">Bodheswaran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chandiroor_Divakaran" title="Chandiroor Divakaran">Chandiroor Divakaran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Changampuzha_Krishna_Pillai" title="Changampuzha Krishna Pillai">Changampuzha Krishna Pillai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherukad" title="Cherukad">Cherukad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherusseri_Namboothiri" title="Cherusseri Namboothiri">Cherusseri Namboothiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D._Vinayachandran" title="D. Vinayachandran">D. Vinayachandran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edappalli_Raghavan_Pillai" class="mw-redirect" title="Edappalli Raghavan Pillai">Edappalli Raghavan Pillai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edasseri_Govindan_Nair" title="Edasseri Govindan Nair">Edasseri Govindan Nair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G._Shankara_Kurup" class="mw-redirect" title="G. Shankara Kurup">G. Shankara Kurup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irayimman_Thampi" title="Irayimman Thampi">Irayimman Thampi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ayyappa_Paniker" title="Ayyappa Paniker">K. Ayyappa Paniker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K._C._Kesava_Pillai" title="K. C. Kesava Pillai">K. C. Kesava Pillai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K._V._Ramakrishnan" title="K. V. Ramakrishnan">K. V. Ramakrishnan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kadammanitta_Ramakrishnan" title="Kadammanitta Ramakrishnan">Kadammanitta Ramakrishnan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kadathanat_Madhavi_Amma" title="Kadathanat Madhavi Amma">Kadathanat Madhavi Amma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kadavanad_Kuttikrishnan" title="Kadavanad Kuttikrishnan">Kadavanad Kuttikrishnan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamala_Surayya" title="Kamala Surayya">Kamala Surayya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kattakayam_Cherian_Mappillai" title="Kattakayam Cherian Mappillai">Kattakayam Cherian Mappillai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kavitha_Balakrishnan" title="Kavitha Balakrishnan">Kavitha Balakrishnan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumaran_Asan" title="Kumaran Asan">Kumaran Asan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kunchan_Nambiar" title="Kunchan Nambiar">Kunchan Nambiar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kureepuzha_Sreekumar" title="Kureepuzha Sreekumar">Kureepuzha Sreekumar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lalitha_Lenin" title="Lalitha Lenin">Lalitha Lenin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._Govindan" title="M. Govindan">M. Govindan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._P._Appan" title="M. P. Appan">M. P. Appan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._S._Banesh" title="M. S. Banesh">M. S. Banesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manoj_Kuroor" title="Manoj Kuroor">Manoj Kuroor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_John_Thottam" title="Mary John Thottam">Mary John Thottam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohanakrishnan_Kaladi" title="Mohanakrishnan Kaladi">Mohanakrishnan Kaladi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moyinkutty_Vaidyar" title="Moyinkutty Vaidyar">Moyinkutty Vaidyar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N._N._Kakkad" title="N. N. Kakkad">N. N. Kakkad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N._V._Krishna_Warrier" title="N. V. Krishna Warrier">N. V. Krishna Warrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nalapat_Narayana_Menon" title="Nalapat Narayana Menon">Nalapat Narayana Menon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nellikkal_Muraleedharan" title="Nellikkal Muraleedharan">Nellikkal Muraleedharan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niranam_poets" title="Niranam poets">Niranam poets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/O._N._V._Kurup" title="O. N. V. Kurup">O. N. V. Kurup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olappamanna_Subramanian_Namboothirippad" class="mw-redirect" title="Olappamanna Subramanian Namboothirippad">Olappamanna Subramanian Namboothirippad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P._Kunhiraman_Nair" title="P. Kunhiraman Nair">P. Kunhiraman Nair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P._P._Ramachandran" title="P. P. Ramachandran">P. P. Ramachandran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pala_Narayanan_Nair" title="Pala Narayanan Nair">Pala Narayanan Nair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poonthanam" class="mw-redirect" title="Poonthanam">Poonthanam Namboothiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulikkottil_Hyder" title="Pulikkottil Hyder">Pulikkottil Hyder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punaloor_Balan" title="Punaloor Balan">Punaloor Balan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puthussery_Ramachandran" title="Puthussery Ramachandran">Puthussery Ramachandran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S._Joseph" title="S. Joseph">S. Joseph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satchidanandan" class="mw-redirect" title="Satchidanandan">Satchidanandan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satyan_Madakkara" title="Satyan Madakkara">Satyan Madakkara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Savithri_Rajeevan" title="Savithri Rajeevan">Savithri Rajeevan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sugathakumari" title="Sugathakumari">Sugathakumari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thirunalloor_Karunakaran" title="Thirunalloor Karunakaran">Thirunalloor Karunakaran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tolan_(medieval_poet)" title="Tolan (medieval poet)">Tholan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thunchaththu_Ezhuthachan" title="Thunchaththu Ezhuthachan">Thunchaththu Ezhuthachan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulloor_S._Parameswara_Iyer" title="Ulloor S. Parameswara Iyer">Ulloor S. Parameswara Iyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unnayi_Variyar" title="Unnayi Variyar">Unnayi Variyar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V._Madhusoodanan_Nair" title="V. Madhusoodanan Nair">V. Madhusoodanan Nair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V._C._Balakrishna_Panicker" title="V. C. Balakrishna Panicker">V. C. Balakrishna Panicker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V._M._Girija" title="V. M. Girija">V. M. Girija</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vadakkumkur_Rajarajavarmaraja" title="Vadakkumkur Rajarajavarmaraja">Vadakkumkur Rajarajavarmaraja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vallathol_Narayana_Menon" title="Vallathol Narayana Menon">Vallathol Narayana Menon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vayalar_Ramavarma" title="Vayalar Ramavarma">Vayalar Ramavarma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veerankutty" title="Veerankutty">Veerankutty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vennikkulam_Gopala_Kurup" title="Vennikkulam Gopala Kurup">Vennikkulam Gopala Kurup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vijayalakshmi_(poet)" title="Vijayalakshmi (poet)">Vijayalakshmi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vishnunarayanan_Namboothiri" title="Vishnunarayanan Namboothiri">Vishnunarayanan Namboothiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V_Madhusoodanan_Nair" class="mw-redirect" title="V Madhusoodanan Nair">V Madhusoodanan Nair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vyloppilli_Sreedhara_Menon" title="Vyloppilli Sreedhara Menon">Vyloppilli Sreedhara Menon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sreedevi_Kakkad" title="Sreedevi Kakkad">Sreedevi Kakkad</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Playwrights</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/C._J._Thomas" title="C. J. Thomas">C. J. Thomas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._L._Jose" title="C. L. Jose">C. L. Jose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._N._Sreekantan_Nair" title="C. N. Sreekantan Nair">C. N. Sreekantan Nair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherukad" title="Cherukad">Cherukad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G._Sankara_Pillai" title="G. Sankara Pillai">G. Sankara Pillai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K._T._Muhammed" title="K. T. Muhammed">K. T. Muhammed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._Govindan" title="M. Govindan">M. Govindan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nalapat_Narayana_Menon" title="Nalapat Narayana Menon">Nalapat Narayana Menon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S._L._Puram_Sadanandan" title="S. L. Puram Sadanandan">S. L. Puram Sadanandan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thoppil_Bhasi" title="Thoppil Bhasi">Thoppil Bhasi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T._N._Gopinathan_Nair" title="T. N. Gopinathan Nair">T. N. Gopinathan Nair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V._T._Bhattathiripad" title="V. T. Bhattathiripad">V. T. Bhattathiripad</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Children's literature</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Malayath_Appunni" title="Malayath Appunni">Malayath Appunni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P._Narendranath" title="P. Narendranath">P. Narendranath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sumangala" class="mw-redirect" title="Sumangala">Sumangala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shebaly" title="Shebaly">Shebaly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sippy_Pallippuram" title="Sippy Pallippuram">Sippy Pallippuram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiliroor_Radhakrishnan" title="Kiliroor Radhakrishnan">Kiliroor Radhakrishnan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Essayists/Critics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Annie_Thayyil" title="Annie Thayyil">Annie Thayyil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._N._Ahmad_Moulavi" title="C. N. Ahmad Moulavi">C. N. Ahmad Moulavi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._S._Venkiteswaran" title="C. S. Venkiteswaran">C. S. Venkiteswaran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Mundassery" title="Joseph Mundassery">Joseph Mundassery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K._M._Daniel" title="K. M. Daniel">K. M. Daniel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K._P._Appan" title="K. P. Appan">K. P. Appan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K._P._Sankaran" title="K. P. Sankaran">K. P. Sankaran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K._Damodaran" title="K. Damodaran">K. Damodaran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K._M._George_(writer)" title="K. M. George (writer)">K. M. George</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kesari_Balakrishna_Pillai" title="Kesari Balakrishna Pillai">Kesari Balakrishna Pillai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kozhikodan" title="Kozhikodan">Kozhikodan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuttikrishna_Marar" title="Kuttikrishna Marar">Kuttikrishna Marar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuttipuzha_Krishna_Pillai" title="Kuttipuzha Krishna Pillai">Kuttipuzha Krishna Pillai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._K._Sanu" title="M. K. Sanu">M. K. Sanu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._Krishnan_Nair_(author)" title="M. Krishnan Nair (author)">M. Krishnan Nair (author)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._Leelavathy" title="M. Leelavathy">M. Leelavathy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._N._Karassery" title="M. N. Karassery">M. N. Karassery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._N._Vijayan" title="M. N. Vijayan">M. N. Vijayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._P._Paul" title="M. P. Paul">M. P. Paul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._R._Chandrasekharan" title="M. R. Chandrasekharan">M. R. Chandrasekharan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narendra_Prasad" title="Narendra Prasad">Narendra Prasad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/O._V._Vijayan" title="O. V. Vijayan">O. V. Vijayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P._Surendran" title="P. Surendran">P. Surendran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S._Guptan_Nair" title="S. Guptan Nair">S. Guptan Nair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S._Rajasekharan" title="S. Rajasekharan">S. Rajasekharan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabeena_Rafi" title="Sabeena Rafi">Sabeena Rafi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanjayan" title="Sanjayan">Sanjayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sukumar_Azhikode" title="Sukumar Azhikode">Sukumar Azhikode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V._C._Sreejan" title="V. C. Sreejan">V. C. Sreejan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V._T._Bhattathiripad" title="V. T. Bhattathiripad">V. T. Bhattathiripad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vijayakrishnan" title="Vijayakrishnan">Vijayakrishnan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V._V._K._Valath" title="V. V. K. Valath">V. V. K. Valath</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Scholars and Grammarians</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A._R._Raja_Raja_Varma" title="A. R. Raja Raja Varma">A. R. Raja Raja Varma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arnos_Paathiri" class="mw-redirect" title="Arnos Paathiri">Arnos Paathiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Mathan" title="George Mathan">George Mathan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermann_Gundert" title="Hermann Gundert">Hermann Gundert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jye%E1%B9%A3%E1%B9%ADhadeva" title="Jyeṣṭhadeva">Jyeṣṭhadeva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerala_Varma_Valiya_Koil_Thampuran" title="Kerala Varma Valiya Koil Thampuran">Kerala Varma Valiya Koil Thampuran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kottarathil_Sankunni" title="Kottarathil Sankunni">Kottarathil Sankunni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krishna_Chaithanya" title="Krishna Chaithanya">Krishna Chaithanya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R._Narayana_Panickar" title="R. Narayana Panickar">R. Narayana Panickar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vadakkumkur_Rajarajavarmaraja" title="Vadakkumkur Rajarajavarmaraja">Vadakkumkur Rajarajavarmaraja</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Translators</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leela_Devi" title="Leela Devi">Leela Devi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._K._Kumaran" title="M. K. Kumaran">M. K. Kumaran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._N._Sathyaardhi" title="M. N. Sathyaardhi">M. N. Sathyaardhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N._K._Damodaran" title="N. K. Damodaran">N. K. Damodaran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nileena_Abraham" title="Nileena Abraham">Nileena Abraham</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Genre</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Champukkal" class="mw-redirect" title="Champukkal">Champukkal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malayalam_drama" title="Malayalam drama">Drama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kilippattu" title="Kilippattu">Kilippattu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manipravalam" title="Manipravalam">Manipravalam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malayalam_novel" title="Malayalam novel">Novel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vadakkan_Pattukal" title="Vadakkan Pattukal">Vadakkan Pattukal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venmani_School" title="Venmani School">Venmani School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanchippattu" title="Vanchippattu">Vanchippattu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Malayalam_novel" title="Malayalam novel">Novels</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aalahayude_Penmakkal" title="Aalahayude Penmakkal">Aalahayude Penmakkal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aalohari_Anandam" title="Aalohari Anandam">Aalohari Anandam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goat_Days" class="mw-redirect" title="Goat Days">Aadujeevitham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aarachaar" title="Aarachaar">Aarachaar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akkapporinte_Irupathu_Nasrani_Varshangal" title="Akkapporinte Irupathu Nasrani Varshangal">Akkapporinte Irupathu Nasrani Varshangal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anal_Haq" title="Anal Haq">Anal Haq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anargha_Nimisham" title="Anargha Nimisham">Anargha Nimisham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anuragathinte_Dinangal" title="Anuragathinte Dinangal">Anuragathinte Dinangal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agnisakshi_(novel)" title="Agnisakshi (novel)">Agnisakshi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ara_Nazhika_Neram" title="Ara Nazhika Neram">Ara Nazhika Neram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arabi_Ponnu" title="Arabi Ponnu">Arabi Ponnu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arohanam_(novel)" title="Arohanam (novel)">Arohanam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asuravithu_(novel)" title="Asuravithu (novel)">Asuravithu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avakasikal" title="Avakasikal">Avakasikal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Book_of_Passing_Shadows" title="The Book of Passing Shadows">Ayussinte Pusthakam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balyakalasakhi" title="Balyakalasakhi">Balyakalasakhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barsa_(novel)" title="Barsa (novel)">Barsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chemmeen_(novel)" title="Chemmeen (novel)">Chemmeen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheviyorkkuka!_Anthimakahalam" title="Cheviyorkkuka! Anthimakahalam">Cheviyorkkuka! Anthimakahalam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/God%27s_Mischief" title="God's Mischief">Daivathinte Vikrithikal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delhi_Gadhakal" title="Delhi Gadhakal">Delhi Gadhakal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enmakaje_(novel)" title="Enmakaje (novel)">Enmakaje</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ente_Katha" title="Ente Katha">Ente Katha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ente_Thankam" title="Ente Thankam">Ente Thankam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Itty_Cora" title="Francis Itty Cora">Francis Itty Cora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gurusagaram" title="Gurusagaram">Gurusagaram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indulekha_(novel)" title="Indulekha (novel)">Indulekha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaalam_(novel)" title="Kaalam (novel)">Kaalam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kayar" title="Kayar">Kayar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kesavan%27s_Lamentations" title="Kesavan's Lamentations">Kesavante Vilapangal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khasakkinte_Itihasam" title="Khasakkinte Itihasam">Khasakkinte Itihasam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kocharethi" title="Kocharethi">Kocharethi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kundalatha" title="Kundalatha">Kundalatha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manju_(novel)" title="Manju (novel)">Manju (novel)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manushyanu_Oru_Aamukham" title="Manushyanu Oru Aamukham">Manushyanu Oru Aamukham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maranathinte_Nizhalil" title="Maranathinte Nizhalil">Maranathinte Nizhalil</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Marthandavarma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mathilukal" title="Mathilukal">Mathilukal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maya_(Surendran_novel)" title="Maya (Surendran novel)">Maya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayyazhippuzhayude_Theerangalil" title="Mayyazhippuzhayude Theerangalil">Mayyazhippuzhayude Theerangalil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mucheettukalikkarante_Makal" title="Mucheettukalikkarante Makal">Mucheettukalikkarante Makal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jasmine_Days" title="Jasmine Days">Mullappoo Niramulla Pakalukal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muthassi_(novel)" title="Muthassi (novel)">Muthassi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naadan_Premam" title="Naadan Premam">Naadan Premam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naalukettu_(novel)" title="Naalukettu (novel)">Naalukettu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nakshathrangale_Kaaval" title="Nakshathrangale Kaaval">Nakshathrangale Kaaval</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ntuppuppakkoranendarnnu" title="Ntuppuppakkoranendarnnu">Ntuppuppakkoranendarnnu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odayil_Ninnu" title="Odayil Ninnu">Odayil Ninnu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ormayude_Arakal" title="Ormayude Arakal">Ormayude Arakal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oru_Desathinte_Katha" title="Oru Desathinte Katha">Oru Desathinte Katha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oru_Sankeerthanam_Pole" title="Oru Sankeerthanam Pole">Oru Sankeerthanam Pole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oru_Theruvinte_Katha" title="Oru Theruvinte Katha">Oru Theruvinte Katha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Othappu" title="Othappu">Othappu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paleri_Manikyam:_Oru_Pathirakolapathakathinte_Katha_(novel)" title="Paleri Manikyam: Oru Pathirakolapathakathinte Katha (novel)">Paleri Manikyam: Oru Pathirakolapathakathinte Katha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pathummayude_Aadu" title="Pathummayude Aadu">Pathummayude Aadu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peruvazhiyambalam_(novel)" title="Peruvazhiyambalam (novel)">Peruvazhiyambalam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ponni_(novel)" title="Ponni (novel)">Ponni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pravasam" title="Pravasam">Pravasam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Premalekhanam" title="Premalekhanam">Premalekhanam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Randamoozham" title="Randamoozham">Randamoozham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Randidangazhi" title="Randidangazhi">Randidangazhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rathinirvedam_(novel)" title="Rathinirvedam (novel)">Rathinirvedam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarada_(novel)" title="Sarada (novel)">Sarada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shabdangal" title="Shabdangal">Shabdangal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smarakasilakal" title="Smarakasilakal">Smarakasilakal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sufi_Paranja_Katha" title="Sufi Paranja Katha">Sufi Paranja Katha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sundarikalum_Sundaranmarum" title="Sundarikalum Sundaranmarum">Sundarikalum Sundaranmarum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thottiyude_Makan" title="Thottiyude Makan">Thottiyude Makan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ummachu" title="Ummachu">Ummachu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasanavikriti" title="Vasanavikriti">Vasanavikriti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasanthathile_Poomarangal" title="Vasanthathile Poomarangal">Vasanthathile Poomarangal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Verukal" title="Verukal">Verukal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viddikalude_Swargam" title="Viddikalude Swargam">Viddikalude Swargam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visappu" title="Visappu">Visappu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yakshi_(novel)" title="Yakshi (novel)">Yakshi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yanthram" title="Yanthram">Yanthram</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Treatises</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aithihyamala" title="Aithihyamala">Aithihyamala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphabetum_grandonico-malabaricum_sive_samscrudonicum" title="Alphabetum grandonico-malabaricum sive samscrudonicum">Alphabetum grandonico-malabaricum sive samscrudonicum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerala_Panineeyam" title="Kerala Panineeyam">Kerala Panineeyam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N%C4%81tyakalpadrumam" title="Nātyakalpadrumam">Nātyakalpadrumam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarvavijnanakosam" title="Sarvavijnanakosam">Sarvavijnanakosam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_Institute_of_Encyclopaedic_Publications" title="State Institute of Encyclopaedic Publications">State Institute of Encyclopaedic Publications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viswasahityavijnanakosam" title="Viswasahityavijnanakosam">Viswasahityavijnanakosam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuktibh%C4%81%E1%B9%A3%C4%81" title="Yuktibhāṣā">Yuktibhāṣā</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Poems</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atmopadesa_%C5%9Aatakam" title="Atmopadesa Śatakam">Atmopadesa Śatakam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daiva_Da%C5%9Baka%E1%B9%81" class="mw-redirect" title="Daiva Daśakaṁ">Daiva Daśakaṁ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jnanappana" title="Jnanappana">Jnanappana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omanathinkal_Kidavo" title="Omanathinkal Kidavo">Omanathinkal Kidavo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makarakoythu" title="Makarakoythu">Makarakoythu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puthen_Pana" title="Puthen Pana">Puthen Pana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramanan_(play_in_verse)" title="Ramanan (play in verse)">Ramanan (play in verse)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rani_(poem)" title="Rani (poem)">Rani (poem)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sree_Bhoothanaathopakhyaanam" title="Sree Bhoothanaathopakhyaanam">Sree Bhoothanaathopakhyaanam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unnuneeli_Sandesam" title="Unnuneeli Sandesam">Unnuneeli Sandesam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuchelavritham_Vanchippattu" title="Kuchelavritham Vanchippattu">Kuchelavritham Vanchippattu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krishnagatha" title="Krishnagatha">Krishnagatha</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Assorted articles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arabi_Malayalam" title="Arabi Malayalam">Arabi Malayalam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arabi_Malayalam_script" title="Arabi Malayalam script">Arabi Malayalam script</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chakara" title="Chakara">Chakara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malayalam_grammar" title="Malayalam grammar">Malayalam grammar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malayalam_poetry" title="Malayalam poetry">Malayalam poetry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mathrubhumi_Yearbook" title="Mathrubhumi Yearbook">Mathrubhumi Yearbook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_copper_plate" class="mw-redirect" title="Jewish copper plate">Jewish copper plate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judeo-Malayalam" title="Judeo-Malayalam">Judeo-Malayalam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malayalam_script" title="Malayalam script">Malayalam script</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malayalam_triumvirate_poets" title="Malayalam triumvirate poets">Malayalam triumvirate poets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malayanma" title="Malayanma">Malayanma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mannan_language" title="Mannan language">Mannan language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mappila_dialect" class="mw-redirect" title="Mappila dialect">Mappila dialect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mozhi_(transliteration)" title="Mozhi (transliteration)">Mozhi (transliteration)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mullu_Kurumba_language" title="Mullu Kurumba language">Mullu Kurumba language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandy_Malayalam" title="Pandy Malayalam">Pandy Malayalam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanisation_of_Malayalam" title="Romanisation of Malayalam">Romanisation of Malayalam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Symbol_template_class_pink.svg/16px-Symbol_template_class_pink.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Symbol_template_class_pink.svg/23px-Symbol_template_class_pink.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Symbol_template_class_pink.svg/31px-Symbol_template_class_pink.svg.png 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[\"CITEREFMalayāḷanōval_Pattompatāṁ_Nūṯāṇṭil1997\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMalayāḷattile_Paḻaya_Pāṭṭukaḷ1917\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMarthanda_Varma_(serial)2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMarthanda_Varma_TV_Drama2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMarthanda_Varma_serial2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMarthandavarma_\u0026#91;Abridged\u0026#93;1964\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMarthandavarma_\u0026#91;Abridged\u0026#93;2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMarthandavarma_\u0026#91;Children\u0026#039;s_Literature\u0026#93;2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMarthandavarma_\u0026#91;Radio\u0026#93;1991\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMarthandavarma_\u0026#91;Radio\u0026#93;2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMashinottam2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMathilakam_Records1996\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMetro_Plus,_March_32013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMetro_Plus17_May_2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFModern_Kannada_Literature1992\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFModern_Tamil_Literature1992\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMukherjee1992\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMy_Dear_Ayyappaji2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMāṟttāṇḍavaṟmma:_Caritravuṁ_Kalpanayuṁ2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMāṟttāṇḍavaṟmma:_Sr̥ṣṭiyuṁ_svarūpavuṁ2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMāṟttāṇḍavaṟmma_\u0026#91;Chintha_Edn.\u0026#93;2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMāṟttāṇḍavaṟmma_\u0026#91;KSA_Edn.\u0026#93;1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMāṟttāṇḍavaṟmma_\u0026#91;Lal_Edn.\u0026#93;2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMāṟttāṇḍavaṟmma_\u0026#91;Poorna_Edn.\u0026#93;1983\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMāṟttāṇḍavaṟmma_\u0026#91;Rachana_Edn.\u0026#93;2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMāṟttāṇḍavaṟmma_\u0026#91;SPCS_Edn.\u0026#93;1973\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMāṟttāṇḍavaṟmma_\u0026#91;SPCS_Edn.\u0026#93;1991\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMāṟttāṇḍavaṟmma_\u0026#91;Variorum_Edn.\u0026#93;1983\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMāṟttāṇḍavaṟmma_Upapāṭhapustakaṁ1985\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFN._Balakrishnan_Nair1951\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNaduvattom_Gopalakrishnan2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNagam_Aiya1906\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNanoo_Pillay1886\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNarasiṃha_Rao1993\"] = 1,\n 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[\"CITEREFPratipātraṁ_Bhāṣaṇabhēdaṁ2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPrema_Jayakumar1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPṟasādhakakkuṟippŭ2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRadha_Nair1985\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRadha_Nair2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRadha_Nair2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRamarajabahadur2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRashtra_Deepika_Cinema2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRasāviṣkaraṇaṁ_Si.Vi.Nōvalukaḷil2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFReal_to_reel2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRājanītiyuṁ_Prajādhaṟmmavuṁ2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFShameer2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFShangoony_Menon1879\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFShobhanan2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSi._Vi._Caritrākhyāyikakaḷilūṭe1991\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSi._Vi._Nōvalukaḷ_Araṅṅatt2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSi._Vi._Rāman_Piḷḷa_by_Dr._Ayyappa_Paniker1993\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSi._Vi._Vyākhyānakōśaṁ_Annexure2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSi._Vi._Vyākhyānakōśaṁ_Vol_11994\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSi._Vi._Vyākhyānakōśaṁ_Vol_21997\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSi._Vi._Vyākhyānakōśaṁ_Vol_32002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSi._Vi._Vyākhyānakōśaṁ_Vol_42004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSi_Vi_yuṭe_mūnnu_kathāpātraṅṅaḷ1993\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSippy_Pallippuram2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSooranad_Kunjan_Pillai1992\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSreekanta_Kurup2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSubhadra_\u0026#91;Radio\u0026#93;2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSumathi2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSyamala2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSūcitasāhityakr̥tikaḷ2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTVM_Corporation\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFThe_Hindu18_May_2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFThe_Hindu31_January_2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFThe_Hindu5_October_2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFThe_Historical_Novel_in_Oriya1982\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFThe_New_Indian_Express5_September_2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFThumpamon_Thomas1992\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTreasures_of_Malayalam_Literature_from_EuropeJuly_1981\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFUniversity_of_Kerala4_February_2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFUniversity_of_Madras24_March_2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFV.V.K._Valath1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFV_Sivadasan2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFVaratharajan2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFVarious_contributors1992\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFVasu_Thilleri2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFVeera_Marthanda_Varma_(serial)_Episode-12010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFVeera_Marthanda_Varma_(serial)_Episode-842010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFVelu_Pillai1940\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFVohra2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFVyākhyānakuṟippukaḷ2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFYousaf2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFĀdyakāla_Malayāḷanōval2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFĀtmapōṣiṇi1921\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFŌṭṭaṉ_Katai1982\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFŚatābdi_Praśasti2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFŚrīmahābhārataṁ_Strīpaṟvvaṁ1999\"] = 1,\n [\"letter\"] = 1,\n}\ntemplate_list = table#1 {\n [\"!\"] = 23,\n [\"!)\"] = 3,\n [\"(!\"] = 3,\n [\"About\"] = 1,\n [\"Anchor\"] = 1,\n [\"Break\"] = 12,\n [\"Chart\"] = 1,\n [\"Chart bottom\"] = 1,\n [\"Chart top\"] = 1,\n [\"Chart/end\"] = 1,\n [\"Chart/start\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite book\"] = 120,\n [\"Cite comic\"] = 3,\n [\"Cite conference\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite encyclopedia\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite journal\"] = 10,\n [\"Cite report\"] = 6,\n [\"Cite serial\"] = 9,\n [\"Cite thesis\"] = 3,\n [\"Cite web\"] = 22,\n [\"Clear\"] = 2,\n [\"Coord\"] = 1,\n [\"DEFAULTSORT:Marthandavarma (Novel)\"] = 1,\n [\"Emdash\"] = 1,\n [\"Further\"] = 14,\n [\"Harvid\"] = 2,\n [\"IPA notice\"] = 1,\n [\"Indic\"] = 1,\n [\"Infobox book\"] = 1,\n [\"Lang\"] = 9,\n [\"Langx\"] = 34,\n [\"Main\"] = 1,\n [\"Malayalam Literature\"] = 1,\n [\"Marthandavarma (novel)\"] = 1,\n [\"Multiple image\"] = 1,\n [\"Nastaliq\"] = 1,\n [\"Ndash\"] = 184,\n [\"Portal\"] = 1,\n [\"Refbegin\"] = 2,\n [\"Refend\"] = 2,\n [\"Reflist\"] = 4,\n [\"Refn\"] = 30,\n [\"Script\"] = 5,\n [\"SfnRef\"] = 2,\n [\"Sfnmp\"] = 72,\n [\"Sfnp\"] = 203,\n [\"Sfnref\"] = 142,\n [\"Short description\"] = 1,\n [\"Side box\"] = 5,\n [\"Small\"] = 1,\n [\"Sup\"] = 10,\n [\"Transliteration\"] = 36,\n [\"Tree chart\"] = 19,\n [\"Tree chart/end\"] = 7,\n [\"Tree chart/start\"] = 7,\n [\"Use Indian English\"] = 1,\n [\"Use dmy dates\"] = 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