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mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>创建账号</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登录</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-历史" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#历史"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>历史</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-历史-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关历史子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-历史-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-中文名稱来源" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#中文名稱来源"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>中文名稱来源</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-中文名稱来源-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-原理" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#原理"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>原理</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-原理-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-激光器" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#激光器"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>激光器</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-激光器-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关激光器子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-激光器-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-按工作状态分" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#按工作状态分"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>按工作状态分</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-按工作状态分-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-按工作物质分" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#按工作物质分"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>按工作物质分</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-按工作物质分-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-气体激光器" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#气体激光器"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.1</span> <span>气体激光器</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-气体激光器-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-固体激光器" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#固体激光器"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.2</span> <span>固体激光器</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-固体激光器-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-半导体激光器" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#半导体激光器"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.3</span> <span>半导体激光器</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-半导体激光器-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-染料激光器" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#染料激光器"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.4</span> <span>染料激光器</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-染料激光器-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-自由电子激光器" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#自由电子激光器"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.5</span> <span>自由电子激光器</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-自由电子激光器-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bio_laser" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bio_laser"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.6</span> <span>Bio laser</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bio_laser-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-光子學晶體激光" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#光子學晶體激光"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.7</span> <span>光子學晶體激光</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-光子學晶體激光-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-构成" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#构成"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>构成</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-构成-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-应用" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#应用"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>应用</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-应用-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-安全性" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#安全性"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>安全性</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-安全性-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-軍事用途" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#軍事用途"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>軍事用途</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-軍事用途-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-相關條目" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#相關條目"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>相關條目</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-相關條目-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参考文献" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参考文献"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>参考文献</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参考文献-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外部链接" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外部链接"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>外部链接</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外部链接-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">激光</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。15种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-15" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">15种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Llum_l%C3%A0ser" title="Llum làser – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Llum làser" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laser_beam" title="Laser beam – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Laser beam" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rayos_l%C3%A1ser" title="Rayos láser – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Rayos láser" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rayon_laser" title="Rayon laser – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Rayon laser" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89" title="激光 – 赣语" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="激光" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="赣语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A3" title="लेसर किरण – 印地语" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="लेसर किरण" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="印地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A9zersug%C3%A1r" title="Lézersugár – 匈牙利语" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Lézersugár" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raggio_laser" title="Raggio laser – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Raggio laser" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laserstraal" title="Laserstraal – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Laserstraal" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raio_laser" title="Raio laser – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Raio laser" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B2%DB%90%D8%B1_%D9%86%DB%87%D8%B1%D9%89" title="لازېر نۇرى – 维吾尔语" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="لازېر نۇرى" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="维吾尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%8C" title="Лазерний промінь – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Лазерний промінь" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89" title="激光 – 吴语" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="激光" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吴语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89" title="激光 – 文言文" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="激光" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="文言文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89" title="激光 – 粤语" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="激光" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="粤语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q65595739#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89" title="浏览条目正文[c]" 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rel="alternate" title="本页面的可打印版本[p]" accesskey="p"><span>打印页面</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 在其他项目中 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q65595739" title="链接到连接的数据仓库项目[g]" accesskey="g"><span>维基数据项目</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="页面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="外观"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">外观</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-noteTA-e1f5af02" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><span title="本页使用了标题或全文手工转换"><img alt="本页使用了标题或全文手工转换" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg/35px-Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg/53px-Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg/70px-Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="20" /></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">维基百科，自由的百科全书</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"><div id="noteTA-e1f5af02" class="noteTA"><div class="noteTA-group"><div data-noteta-group-source="module" data-noteta-group="Physics"></div><div data-noteta-group-source="module" data-noteta-group="Unit"></div></div></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lasers.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Lasers.JPG/300px-Lasers.JPG" decoding="async" width="300" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Lasers.JPG/450px-Lasers.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Lasers.JPG/600px-Lasers.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A2%E8%89%B2" title="红色">红</a>（660 & 635nm）、<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%BF%E8%89%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="绿色">绿</a>（532 & 520nm）、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A0%87%E7%B4%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="堇紫">堇紫</a>（450 & 405nm）可见激光</figcaption></figure><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84833064">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-size:small}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:2em;margin-bottom:0.8em;margin-top:0.8em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img::after{content:"\202f \202f \202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small::after{content:"\202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small{display:none}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%B6%88%E6%AD%A7%E4%B9%89" title="Wikipedia:消歧义"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/25px-Disambig_gray.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/38px-Disambig_gray.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/50px-Disambig_gray.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="220" data-file-height="168" /></a></span><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r74069148">body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .ifmobile>.mobile{display:none}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .ifmobile>.nomobile{display:inherit;display:initial}</style><span class="ifmobile"><span class="nomobile">  </span><span class="mobile"></span></span>「<b>镭射</b>」重定向至此。关于鐳這種化學物質，请见「<b><a href="/wiki/%E9%90%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="鐳">鐳</a></b>」。关于不穩定原子核衰變時放出的電離輻射，请见「<b><a href="/wiki/%E6%94%BE%E5%B0%84%E6%80%A7" title="放射性">放射性</a></b>」。</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83732082">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox td div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox td div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox td div.NavHead:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox td div.NavHead:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox" style="margin: 0 0 1em 1em; float: right;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color:#eee; font-size: 105%;">「<span style="font-weight:normal;">laser</span>」的各地常用譯名</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; background-color:#eee; width:4em;;">中国大陸</th><td class="infobox-data" style="white-space: nowrap; font-size: 1rem;;">激光 </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; background-color:#eee; width:4em;;">臺灣</th><td class="infobox-data" style="white-space: nowrap; font-size: 1rem;;">雷射 </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; background-color:#eee; width:4em;;">香港</th><td class="infobox-data" style="white-space: nowrap; font-size: 1rem;;">激光、雷射 </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; background-color:#eee; width:4em;;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r79005747">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="新加坡、馬來西亞">星馬</span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="white-space: nowrap; font-size: 1rem;;">镭射 </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>激光</b>（<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="英語">英語</a>：<span lang="en"><b>laser</b></span>，新加坡称<b>镭射</b>，香港称<b>激光/雷射</b>，台湾称<b>雷射</b>）是<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E6%96%87" class="mw-redirect" title="英文">英文</a>“<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%97%E6%BF%80%E5%8F%91%E5%B0%84" title="受激发射">受激辐射</a>产生的<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E6%94%BE%E5%A4%A7%E5%99%A8" title="光放大器">光放大</a>”（<span lang="en"><b>L</b>ight <b>A</b>mplification by <b>S</b>timulated <b>E</b>mission of <b>R</b>adiation</span>）的<a href="/wiki/%E7%BC%A9%E5%86%99" class="mw-redirect" title="缩写">缩写</a>，指透过刺激<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90" title="原子">原子</a>导致<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90" title="电子">电子</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%86%E5%AD%90%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E8%B7%83%E8%BF%81" title="分子电子跃迁">跃迁</a>释放<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E7%A3%81%E8%BE%90%E5%B0%84" class="mw-redirect" title="电磁辐射">辐射</a>能量而产生的具有<a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B8%E5%B9%B2%E6%80%A7" title="相干性">同调性</a>的增强<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E5%AD%90" title="光子">光子</a>束。其特点包括发散度极小、亮度（功率）很高、单色性好、相干性好等。產生激光需要“激發來源”、“增益介質”、“共振结构”這三個要素。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="历史"><span id=".E5.8E.86.E5.8F.B2"></span>历史</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：历史"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:National_Ignition_Facility,_building_layout,_Livermore_CA.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/National_Ignition_Facility%2C_building_layout%2C_Livermore_CA.jpg/300px-National_Ignition_Facility%2C_building_layout%2C_Livermore_CA.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="194" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/National_Ignition_Facility%2C_building_layout%2C_Livermore_CA.jpg/450px-National_Ignition_Facility%2C_building_layout%2C_Livermore_CA.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/National_Ignition_Facility%2C_building_layout%2C_Livermore_CA.jpg/600px-National_Ignition_Facility%2C_building_layout%2C_Livermore_CA.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2100" data-file-height="1358" /></a><figcaption>美國NIF<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%B6%E9%BB%9E%E7%81%AB%E8%A8%AD%E6%96%BD" title="國家點火設施">國家點火設施</a>。意圖用多束雷射集中高溫產生可控核融合</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%B0%94%E4%BC%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E7%88%B1%E5%9B%A0%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6" title="阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦">阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦</a>在1916年首先描述了<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90" title="原子">原子</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%97%E6%BF%80%E8%BE%90%E5%B0%84" class="mw-redirect" title="受激辐射">受激辐射</a>與<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E5%8F%91%E8%BE%90%E5%B0%84" title="自发辐射">自發輻射</a>的關係。在此之后人们很长时间都在猜测，这个现象可否被用来加强光场，因为前提是<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%8B%E8%B4%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="介质">介質</a>必须存在着<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%A4%E6%95%B8%E5%8F%8D%E8%BD%89" class="mw-redirect" title="群數反轉">群數反轉</a>（或譯居量反轉/粒子数反转）的狀態。在一个純粹的二级系统中，基於熱力學的<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%86%E9%85%8D%E5%87%BD%E6%95%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="分配函數">分配函數</a>，这是不可能達到的。故人们首先想到用三级系统，而且计算证实了辐射的稳定性。 </p><p>1958年，美国科学家<a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%A5%E5%B0%94%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E6%B1%A4%E6%96%AF" title="查尔斯·汤斯">查尔斯·汤斯</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%91%9F%C2%B7%E8%82%96%E6%B4%9B" title="阿瑟·肖洛">阿瑟·肖洛</a>发现了一种神奇的现象：当他们将<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%96" title="氖">氖</a>光灯泡所发射的光照在一种稀土晶体上时，晶体的分子会发出鲜艳的、始终会聚在一起的强光。根据这一现象，他们提出了"激光原理"，即物质在受到与其分子固有振荡频率相同的能量激發时，都会产生这种不发散的强光--激光。他们为此发表了重要论文，並分別獲得1964年和1981年的<a href="/wiki/%E8%AB%BE%E8%B2%9D%E7%88%BE%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%B8%E7%8D%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="諾貝爾物理學獎">諾貝爾物理學獎</a>。 </p><p>肖洛和汤斯的研究成果发表之后，各国科学家纷纷提出各种实验方案，但都未获成功。 </p><p>1960年5月16日，<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E5%88%A9%E7%A6%8F%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A%E5%B7%9E" title="加利福尼亚州">加利福尼亚州</a><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%91%E6%96%AF%E9%A3%9E%E8%A1%8C%E5%99%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="休斯飞行器">休斯实验室</a>的科学家<a href="/wiki/%E6%A2%85%E6%9B%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="梅曼">梅曼</a>宣布获得了波长为0.6943微米的激光，这是人类有史以来获得的第一束激光，梅曼因而也成为世界上第一个将激光引入实用领域的科学家。他的方案是，利用一个高强闪光灯管来刺激<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A2%E5%AE%9D%E7%9F%B3" title="红宝石">红宝石</a>。紅寶石在物理上是一種摻有<a href="/wiki/%E9%93%AC" title="铬">铬</a>原子的<a href="/wiki/%E5%89%9B%E7%8E%89" title="剛玉">剛玉</a>，當紅寶石受到刺激時，就會發出一種紅光。在一塊表面鍍上反光鏡的紅寶石的表面鑽一個孔，这孔使紅光可以從這個孔溢出，从而产生一条相当集中的纤细红色光柱，這稱為<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A2%E5%AE%9D%E7%9F%B3%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89" class="mw-redirect" title="红宝石激光">红宝石激光</a>。当它射向某一点时，可使其达到比太阳表面还高的温度。 </p><p>半导体激光器的发现：前<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E8%81%94" title="苏联">苏联</a>科学家<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%BC%E5%8F%A4%E6%8B%89%C2%B7%E5%B7%B4%E7%B4%A2%E5%A4%AB" title="尼古拉·巴索夫">尼古拉·巴索夫</a>於1960年发明了<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E5%B0%8E%E9%AB%94%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89%E5%99%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="半導體激光器">半导体激光器</a>。半导体激光器的结构通常由p层、n层和形成双异质结的有源层构成。其特点是：尺寸小、p合效率高、响应速度快、波长和尺寸与光纤尺寸适配、可直接调制、相干性好。 </p><p>在1980年代后期，半导体技术使得更高效而耐用的半导体激光二极管成为可能，这些在小功率的CD和DVD光驱和光纤数据线中得到使用。 </p><p>在1990年代，高功率的激光激发原理得到实现，比如<a href="/wiki/%E7%89%87%E7%8A%B6%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89" title="片状激光">片状激光</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E7%BA%A4%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89%E5%99%A8" title="光纤激光器">光纤激光</a>。后者由于新的加工技术和20kW的高功率不断地被应用到材料加工领域中，从而部分的替代了CO<sub>2</sub>激光和Nd:YAG激光。 </p><p>现在，<a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89%E5%99%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="激光器">激光器</a>已成为工业、通讯、科学及电子娱乐中的重要设备。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="中文名稱来源"><span id=".E4.B8.AD.E6.96.87.E5.90.8D.E7.A8.B1.E6.9D.A5.E6.BA.90"></span>中文名稱来源</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：中文名稱来源"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>1960年7月7日，美国科学家<a href="/wiki/%E6%A2%85%E6%9B%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="梅曼">梅曼</a>发明了第一台激光器，1961年，<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%A4%A7%E9%99%86" title="中国大陆">中国大陆</a>第一台激光器在<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E9%99%A2" title="中国科学院">中国科学院</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%BF%E6%98%A5%E5%B8%82" title="长春市">长春</a>光机所由<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E4%B9%8B%E6%B1%9F" title="王之江">王之江</a>等人研制成功。但当时中国并没有“激光”一词，中国科学界对它的英文<a href="/wiki/%E7%BF%BB%E8%AF%91" title="翻译">翻译</a>多种多样，例如“光的受激辐射放大器”、“光量子放大器”，这些名字显然太长，不利于称呼。还有一些<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%B3%E8%AF%91" title="音译">音译</a>，如“莱塞”或者“雷射”。 </p><p>命名的混乱给<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E7%95%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="科学界">科学界</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2%E7%95%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="教育界">教育界</a>带来极大的不便。1964年冬天，<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="中国">中国</a>全国第三届<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E9%87%8F%E5%AD%90%E6%94%BE%E5%A4%A7%E5%99%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="光量子放大器">光量子放大器</a>学术报告会在<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E6%B5%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="上海">上海</a>召开，研究并通过对专有名词的统一翻譯和命名。会议召开前，《光受激发射情报》杂志编辑部给著名物理学家<a href="/wiki/%E9%92%B1%E5%AD%A6%E6%A3%AE" title="钱学森">钱学森</a>写了一封信，请他给laser取一个中文名字。不久，钱学森回信建议命名为“激光”。这一名字表现出光的本质、又描述了这类光和传统光的不同，即“激”体现了受激发生、激发态等意义。这一名称在会上受到了与会者的一致赞同，因此中国大陆对laser有了统一的汉语名称<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>在<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF" title="香港">港</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%BE%B3%E9%96%80" title="澳門">澳</a>地区“激光”和“雷射”两词都通用。<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B0%E7%81%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="台灣">台灣</a>一貫使用“雷射”這一翻譯，不使用“激光”這個名詞。無論是官方<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>或是民間媒體。<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%8A%A0%E5%9D%A1" title="新加坡">新加坡</a>有時也音譯為“镭射，但激光的性质实际上和<a href="/wiki/%E9%90%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="鐳">鐳</a>這種<a href="/wiki/%E6%94%BE%E5%B0%84%E6%80%A7" title="放射性">放射性</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8D%E9%87%91%E5%B1%9E" title="重金属">重金属</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E8%A3%82%E5%8F%98" class="mw-redirect" title="裂变">裂变</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%84%E7%BA%BF" title="射线">射线</a>毫无关系。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="原理"><span id=".E5.8E.9F.E7.90.86"></span>原理</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：原理"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Laser.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Laser.svg/275px-Laser.svg.png" decoding="async" width="275" height="194" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Laser.svg/413px-Laser.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Laser.svg/550px-Laser.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1052" data-file-height="744" /></a><figcaption>主要部件<br /> 1.活跃激光介质<br /> 2.光泵浦能量<br /> 3.高反射率反射镜<br /> 4.输出功率耦合器<br /> 5.激光光束<br /> </figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Starfire_Optical_Range_-_three_lasers_into_space.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Starfire_Optical_Range_-_three_lasers_into_space.jpg/250px-Starfire_Optical_Range_-_three_lasers_into_space.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="246" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Starfire_Optical_Range_-_three_lasers_into_space.jpg/375px-Starfire_Optical_Range_-_three_lasers_into_space.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Starfire_Optical_Range_-_three_lasers_into_space.jpg/500px-Starfire_Optical_Range_-_three_lasers_into_space.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3050" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>从星火光程实验室射向空中一点处的三条绿色激光束。</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%90%E5%B0%84" title="辐射">辐射</a></li></ul> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90" title="电子">电子</a>的运动状态可以分为不同的<a href="/wiki/%E8%83%BD%E7%BA%A7" title="能级">能级</a>，电子从高能级向低能级<a href="/wiki/%E8%B7%83%E8%BF%81" class="mw-disambig" title="跃迁">跃迁</a>时，会释放出相应能量的电磁波（所谓<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E5%8F%91%E8%BE%90%E5%B0%84" title="自发辐射">自发辐射</a>）。一般的发光体中，这些电子释放光子的动作是随机的，所释放出的光子也没有相同的特性，例如钨丝灯发出的光。</dd> <dd>当外加能量以电场、光子、化学等方式注入到一个能级系统并为之吸收的话，会导致电子从低能级向高能级跃迁，当自发辐射产生的光子碰到这些因外加能量而跃上高能级的电子时，这些高能级的电子会因受诱导而迁到低能级并释放出光子（所谓<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%97%E6%BF%80%E8%BE%90%E5%B0%84" class="mw-redirect" title="受激辐射">受激辐射</a>），受激辐射的所有光学特性跟原来的自发辐射包括：频率、相位、前进方向等会是一样的，这些受激辐射的光子碰到其他因外加能量而跃上高能级的电子时，又会再产更多同样的光子，最後光的强度越来越大（即光线能量被放大了），而与一般的光不同的是所有的光子都有相同的频率、相位(同調性)、前进方向。</dd> <dd>要做到光放大，就要产生一个高能级电子比低能量级电子数目多的环境，即<a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%85%E9%87%8F%E5%8F%8D%E8%BD%89" title="居量反轉">居量反轉</a>，这样才有机会让高能级电子碰上光子来释放新的光子，而不是随机释放。</dd> <dd>一般激光产生器有三个基本要素：</dd> <dd><b>「激發來源」（<span lang="en">pumping source</span>）</b>：又称“泵浦源”，把能量供给低能级的电子，激发使其成为高能级电子，能量供给的方式有电荷放电、光子、化学作用等。</dd> <dd><b>「增益介質」（<span lang="en">gain medium</span>）</b>：被激发、释放光子的电子所在的物质，其物理特性会影响所产生激光的波长等特性。</dd> <dd><b>「共振腔」（<span lang="en">optical cavity/optical resonator</span>）</b>：是两面互相平行的镜子，一面全反射，一面半反射。作用是把光线在反射镜间来回反射，目的是使被激发的光多次经过增益介质以得到足够的放大，当放大到可以穿透半反射镜时，激光便从半反射镜发射出去。因此，此半反镜也被称为输出耦合镜（output coupler）。两镜面之间的距离也对输出的激光波长有着选择作用，只有在两镜间的距离能产生共振的波长才能产生激光。</dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%85%E9%87%8F%E5%8F%8D%E8%BD%89" title="居量反轉">居量反轉</a>（<span lang="en">population inversion</span>）</li></ul> <dl><dd>在一个二级系统中，一个电子自低能级向高能级跃迁和自高能级向低能级跃迁的概率是一样的。为了达到光放大的作用，在高能级必须有更多的电子，使得受激辐射发生的概率更高。这个状态称为居量反轉。出于这个原因，所以以光子激发的二级系统是无法实现激光的，所以激光一般是以通过三级系统和四级系统得到实现。在三级系统中，电子受激跃迁到高能级后，便很快转为<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E7%A8%B3%E6%80%81" class="mw-redirect" title="亚稳态">亚稳态</a>。由此激光媒介被激发为高能态，居量反轉得到实现。</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="激光器"><span id=".E6.BF.80.E5.85.89.E5.99.A8"></span>激光器</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：激光器"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>激光器是利用<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%97%E6%BF%80%E8%BE%90%E5%B0%84" class="mw-redirect" title="受激辐射">受激辐射</a>原理發射激光的器件，不同结构的激光器的工作原理不尽相同。 </p><p>通过光、电或其他办法对物质进行激发，使得其中一部分粒子激发到能量较高的状态，当这种状态的粒子数大于能量较低状态的粒子数时，由于受激辐射，物质就能对某一波长的光辐射产生放大作用，也就是这种波长的光辐射通过物质时，发射强度会放大，并与入射光波位、频率和方向一致的光辐射，这种称为激光放大器。 </p><p>若把激发的物质放置于<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B1%E6%8C%AF" title="共振">共振</a>腔内，光辐射在共振腔内沿轴线方向往复反射传播，多次通过物质，光辐射被放大许多倍，形成一束强度大、方向集中的激光，这就是激光振荡器。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E5%AF%BC%E4%BD%93%E6%B3%B5%E6%B5%A6%E5%9B%BA%E4%BD%93%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89" title="半导体泵浦固体激光">半导体泵浦固体激光</a>（DPSS）具有效率高、结构紧凑、光束质量好、性能稳定、寿命长等优点，日益引起人们的广泛重视。尤其是单频运转，在<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E8%B0%B1" title="光谱">光谱</a>学、相干通讯、激光雷达、<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%95%E5%8A%9B%E6%B3%A2" title="引力波">引力波</a>深测、光学数据存储等领域有广泛的应用。 </p><p>激光器的分类有很多方式，例如按照工作状态、工作物质的种类、输出波长的波段、输出激光波长是否可以调节、激光器的用途等特点分类。 </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dye_laser_SF-07.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Dye_laser_SF-07.jpg/240px-Dye_laser_SF-07.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Dye_laser_SF-07.jpg/360px-Dye_laser_SF-07.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Dye_laser_SF-07.jpg/480px-Dye_laser_SF-07.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="900" /></a><figcaption>连续激光器</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="按工作状态分"><span id=".E6.8C.89.E5.B7.A5.E4.BD.9C.E7.8A.B6.E6.80.81.E5.88.86"></span>按工作状态分</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：按工作状态分"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>连续激光器(Continuous Wave Laser,CW Laser)</li> <li>脉冲激光器(Pulse Laser) <ul><li>调Q(Q-Switch), 又稱Q開關，通过改变谐振腔的Q值，把储存在激活媒质中的能量瞬时释放出来，以获得一定脉冲宽度的激光强辐射的方法, 又可分為主動式及被動式兩種。Q代表品质因数(Q factor)，用来表示谐振腔的质量，其定义为(2π/週期)*（谐振腔内储存的能量/每秒损失的能量）, 此作法输出的脉宽可以达到纳秒级别。 <ul><li>电光调Q</li> <li>声光调Q</li> <li>染料调Q</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%81%E6%A8%A1%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF" title="锁模技术">鎖模技術</a>（输出脉宽可以達到飞秒级别）</li> <li>脉冲泵浦（泵浦源本身是脉冲）</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="按工作物质分"><span id=".E6.8C.89.E5.B7.A5.E4.BD.9C.E7.89.A9.E8.B4.A8.E5.88.86"></span>按工作物质分</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：按工作物质分"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><span><video id="mwe_player_0" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Laser.ogv/240px--Laser.ogv.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="240" height="180" data-durationhint="46" data-mwtitle="Laser.ogv" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:Laser.ogv"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/59/Laser.ogv/Laser.ogv.480p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="480p.vp9.webm" data-width="640" data-height="480" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/59/Laser.ogv" type="video/ogg; codecs="theora, vorbis"" data-width="640" data-height="480" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/59/Laser.ogv/Laser.ogv.144p.mjpeg.mov" type="video/quicktime" data-transcodekey="144p.mjpeg.mov" data-width="192" data-height="144" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/59/Laser.ogv/Laser.ogv.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="320" data-height="240" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/59/Laser.ogv/Laser.ogv.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="480" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/59/Laser.ogv/Laser.ogv.360p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="360p.vp9.webm" data-width="480" data-height="360" /></video></span><figcaption>三色激光束(635nm, 532nm, 445nm)</figcaption></figure> <p>根据产生激光的媒质，可以把激光器分为<a href="/wiki/%E6%B6%B2%E9%AB%94%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89%E5%99%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="液體激光器">液體激光器</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%94%E4%BD%93%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89%E5%99%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="气体激光器">气体激光器</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BA%E4%BD%93%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89%E5%99%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="固体激光器">固体激光器</a>等。而現在最常見的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E5%B0%8E%E9%AB%94%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89%E5%99%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="半導體激光器">半導體激光器</a>算是固体激光器的一種。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="气体激光器"><span id=".E6.B0.94.E4.BD.93.E6.BF.80.E5.85.89.E5.99.A8"></span>气体激光器</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：气体激光器"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>介质是气体的激光器，此种激光器通过放电得到激发。 </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A6%E6%B0%96%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89%E5%99%A8" title="氦氖激光器">氦氖激光器</a>：最重要的红光放射源（632.8 nm）。一般功率比较低（0.5~50 mW）。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E7%A2%B3%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89%E5%99%A8" title="二氧化碳激光器">二氧化碳激光器</a>：波长约10.6 μm（红外线），重要的工业激光。</li> <li>一氧化碳激光器：波长约6-8 μm（红外线），只在冷却的条件下工作。</li> <li>氮气激光器：337.1 nm（紫外线）。</li> <li>氩离子激光器：具有多个波长，457.9 nm（8%）、476.5 nm（12%）、488.0 nm（20%）、496.5 nm（12%）、501.7 nm（5%）、514.5 nm（43%，由蓝光到绿光）。功率从15mW到50W。激光表演中最常用的。</li> <li>氦镉激光器：最重要的蓝光（442nm）和近紫外激光源（325nm）。</li> <li>氪离子激光器：具有多个波长，350.7nm、356.4nm、476.2nm、482.5nm、520.6nm、530.9nm、586.2nm、647.1nm（最强）、676.4nm、752.5nm、799.3nm（从蓝光到深红光）。功率可到6W，能耗较大，价格较高。</li> <li>氧离子激光器</li> <li>氙离子激光器</li> <li>混合气体激光器：不含纯气体，而是几种气体的混合物（一般为氩、氪等）。</li> <li>准分子激光器：比如KrF（248 nm）、XeF（351-353 nm）、ArF（193 nm）、XeCl（308 nm）、F2（157 nm，均为紫外线)。</li> <li>金属蒸汽激光器：比如铜蒸汽激光器，波长介于510.6-578.2 nm之间。由于很好的加强性，可以不用谐振镜。</li> <li>金属卤化物激光器：比如溴化铜激光器，波长介于510.6-578.2 nm之间。由于很好的加强性，可以不用谐振镜。</li></ul> <p>化学激发激光器是一种特殊的形式。激发通过媒介中的化学反应来进行。媒介是一次性的，使用后就被消耗掉了。对于高功率的条件及军事领域是非常理想的。 </p> <ul><li>盐酸激光器</li> <li>碘激光器</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="固体激光器"><span id=".E5.9B.BA.E4.BD.93.E6.BF.80.E5.85.89.E5.99.A8"></span>固体激光器</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89&action=edit&section=8" title="编辑章节：固体激光器"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Laser_spot.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Laser_spot.jpg/220px-Laser_spot.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Laser_spot.jpg/330px-Laser_spot.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Laser_spot.jpg/440px-Laser_spot.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>激光点(650nm, 532nm, 405nm)</figcaption></figure> <p>介质是固体的激光器，此种工作物质通过灯、半导体激光器阵列、其他激光器光照泵浦得到激发。热透镜效应是大多数固体激光器的一项缺陷。 </p> <ul><li>红宝石激光器：世界上第一台激光器，1960年7月7日，美国青年科学家梅曼宣布世界上第一台激光器诞生，这台激光器就是红宝石激光器。</li> <li>掺钕钇铝石榴石（Nd:YAG）激光器：最常用的固体激光器，工作波长一般为1064 nm，这一波长为四能级系统，还有其他能级可以输出其他波长的激光。常透過KTP, BBO, LBO 等非線性晶體轉換為 532 nm, 355 nm, 266 nm 波長光源。</li> <li>掺钕钒酸钇（Nd:YVO<sub>4</sub>）激光器：低功率应用最广泛的固体激光器，工作波长一般为1064nm，可以通过KTP,LBO非线性晶体倍频后产生532nm的雷射進行波長的轉換。</li> <li>掺镱钇铝石榴石（Yb:YAG）激光器：适用于高功率输出，这种材料的碟片激光器在激光工业加工领域有很强优势。</li> <li>钛蓝宝石激光器：具有较宽的波长调节范围（670nm～1200nm）</li> <li>光纤激光器：用掺有稀土元素的玻璃(SiO<sub>2</sub>)光纤作为增益介质。<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="半导体激光器"><span id=".E5.8D.8A.E5.AF.BC.E4.BD.93.E6.BF.80.E5.85.89.E5.99.A8"></span>半导体激光器</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89&action=edit&section=9" title="编辑章节：半导体激光器"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E5%B0%8E%E9%AB%94%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89%E5%99%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="半導體激光器">半导体激光器</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Laser_module.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Laser_module.jpg/220px-Laser_module.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Laser_module.jpg/330px-Laser_module.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Laser_module.jpg/440px-Laser_module.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4128" data-file-height="3096" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E5%AF%BC%E4%BD%93%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89" title="半导体激光">半导体激光</a>模组</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Diode_laser.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Diode_laser.jpg/220px-Diode_laser.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Diode_laser.jpg/330px-Diode_laser.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Diode_laser.jpg/440px-Diode_laser.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3060" data-file-height="2036" /></a><figcaption>一个5.6毫米商用半导体二极管,可能是来自<a href="/w/index.php?title=CD%E6%92%AD%E6%94%BE%E5%99%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CD播放器（页面不存在）">CD</a>或者<a href="/wiki/DVD%E6%92%AD%E6%94%BE%E5%99%A8" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="DVD播放器">DVD播放器</a></figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E5%B0%8E%E9%AB%94%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89%E5%99%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="半導體激光器">半导体激光器</a>是电驱动的<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E6%9E%81%E7%AE%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="二极管">二极管</a>。施加电流产生的大量电子与空穴复合时，便产生受激发射作用的光增益。在晶体的解理面端点处的反射形成光学谐振腔，通常是利用兩種不同的材料來形成共振腔，尽管有些设计是把<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B1%E6%8C%AF%E8%85%94" title="共振腔">共振腔</a>放在半导体晶体的外面。 </p><p>商业<a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89%E4%BA%8C%E6%A5%B5%E7%AE%A1" title="激光二極管">激光二极管</a>的发射波长是从375nm到3500nm。低到中等功率激光二极管被应用于<a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89%E6%89%93%E5%8D%B0%E6%9C%BA" title="激光打印机">激光打印机</a>、CD/<a href="/wiki/DVD%E6%92%AD%E6%94%BE%E6%9C%BA" title="DVD播放机">DVD播放机</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89%E6%8C%87%E7%A4%BA%E5%99%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="激光指示器">激光指示器</a>。应用于工业切割焊接，工业激光二极管的最高功率已经达到了10 kW (70dBm)<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83946278">.mw-parser-output .template-facttext{background-color:var(--background-color-neutral,#eaecf0);color:inherit;margin:-.3em 0;padding:.3em 0}</style><sup class="noprint Template-Fact"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%88%97%E6%98%8E%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:列明来源"><span style="white-space: nowrap;" title="来源请求。">[來源請求]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="染料激光器"><span id=".E6.9F.93.E6.96.99.E6.BF.80.E5.85.89.E5.99.A8"></span>染料激光器</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89&action=edit&section=10" title="编辑章节：染料激光器"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%93%E6%96%99%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89%E5%99%A8" title="染料激光器">染料激光器</a>使用有機染料作为增益介质。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="自由电子激光器"><span id=".E8.87.AA.E7.94.B1.E7.94.B5.E5.AD.90.E6.BF.80.E5.85.89.E5.99.A8"></span>自由电子激光器</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89&action=edit&section=11" title="编辑章节：自由电子激光器"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89%E5%99%A8" title="自由电子激光器">自由电子激光器</a>（Free electron lasers），或FEL，是以自由电子为工作物质，将高能电子束的能量转换成激光的装置，具有短波长、大功率、高效率和波长可调节的特性，波长从微波，到<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E8%B5%AB%E5%85%B9%E8%BE%90%E5%B0%84" class="mw-redirect" title="太赫兹辐射">太赫兹辐射</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A2%E5%A4%96%E7%BA%BF" title="红外线">红外线</a>，到可见光谱，到<a href="/wiki/%E8%BD%AFX-%E5%B0%84%E7%BA%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="软X-射线">软X-射线</a>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Bio_laser">Bio laser</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89&action=edit&section=12" title="编辑章节：Bio laser"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>活细胞可以<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E5%9B%A0%E6%94%B9%E9%80%A0%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="基因改造工程">基因改造工程</a>产生<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%BF%E8%89%B2%E8%8D%A7%E5%85%89%E8%9B%8B%E7%99%BD" title="绿色荧光蛋白">绿色螢光蛋白</a>（GFP）。绿色螢光蛋白（GFP）被用作激光的“增益介质”，光放大就发生在GFP。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="光子學晶體激光"><span id=".E5.85.89.E5.AD.90.E5.AD.B8.E6.99.B6.E9.AB.94.E6.BF.80.E5.85.89"></span>光子學晶體激光</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89&action=edit&section=13" title="编辑章节：光子學晶體激光"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="构成"><span id=".E6.9E.84.E6.88.90"></span>构成</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89&action=edit&section=14" title="编辑章节：构成"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>激光器大多由<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%80%E7%99%BC%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="激發系统（页面不存在）">激發系统</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89%E4%BB%8B%E8%B4%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="激光介质（页面不存在）">激光介质</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E5%AD%A6%E8%B0%90%E6%8C%AF%E8%85%94" class="mw-redirect" title="光学谐振腔">光学谐振腔</a>三部分组成。激發系统就是产生光能、电能或化学能的装置，如<a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89%E7%94%B5%E6%BA%90" title="激光电源">激光电源</a>。目前使用的激發手段，主要有光照、通电或化学反应等。激光介质是能够产生激光的物质，如<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A2%E5%AE%9D%E7%9F%B3" title="红宝石">红宝石</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%93%8D%E7%8E%BB%E7%92%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="铍玻璃（页面不存在）">钕玻璃</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%96%E6%B0%94" class="mw-redirect" title="氖气">氖气</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E5%AF%BC%E4%BD%93" title="半导体">半导体</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E6%9F%93%E6%96%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="有机染料（页面不存在）">有机染料</a>等。光学谐振腔的作用，是用来放大加强输出激光的亮度(強度)，调节和选定激光的波长和方向等。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="应用"><span id=".E5.BA.94.E7.94.A8"></span>应用</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89&action=edit&section=15" title="编辑章节：应用"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Laser_sizes.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Laser_sizes.jpg/220px-Laser_sizes.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="283" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Laser_sizes.jpg/330px-Laser_sizes.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Laser_sizes.jpg/440px-Laser_sizes.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2720" data-file-height="3500" /></a><figcaption>激光器用途广泛，其大小尺寸从显微镜下的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%8C%E6%9E%81%E7%AE%A1%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89%E5%99%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="二极管激光器（页面不存在）">二极管激光器</a>（上图），到足球场大小的<a href="/wiki/%E9%92%95" title="钕">钕</a>玻璃激光器（下图），用于<a href="/w/index.php?title=Inertial_confinement_fusion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Inertial confinement fusion（页面不存在）">inertial confinement fusion</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E6%AD%A6%E5%99%A8" title="核武器">核武器</a>研究和其他高能密度的物理试验。</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lasers.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Lasers.jpeg/220px-Lasers.jpeg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Lasers.jpeg/330px-Lasers.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Lasers.jpeg/440px-Lasers.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89%E7%AC%94" title="激光笔">激光笔</a></figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%87%89%E7%94%A8%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="應用激光列表（页面不存在）">應用激光列表</a></div> <p>激光应用很广泛，主要有<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E7%BA%96%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A" title="光纖通訊">光纖通信</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89%E5%85%89%E8%B0%B1%E5%AD%A6" title="激光光谱学">激光光谱</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89%E6%B5%8B%E8%B7%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="激光测距">激光测距</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89%E9%9B%B7%E8%BE%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="激光雷达">激光雷达</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89%E5%88%87%E5%89%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="激光切割">激光切割</a>、激光唱片、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89%E6%8E%83%E7%9E%84&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="激光掃瞄（页面不存在）">激光扫描</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89%E7%81%AD%E8%9A%8A%E5%99%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="激光灭蚊器（页面不存在）">激光灭蚊器</a><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>等。 </p><p>第一次在大众日常生活中使用激光是超市<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%A1%E7%A0%81" class="mw-redirect" title="条码">条码</a>扫描仪，于1974年推出。<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E7%9B%98" class="mw-redirect" title="光盘">光盘</a>在1978年推出，是包括激光的第一个成功的消费产品，但<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E7%9B%98" class="mw-redirect" title="光盘">光盘</a>播放器是第一个装备有激光器的常见设备。紧接着，在1982年开始出现<a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89%E6%89%93%E5%8D%B0%E6%9C%BA" title="激光打印机">激光打印机</a>。 </p><p>一些其他用途有： </p> <ul><li>医学：<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A0%E8%A1%80%E6%89%8B%E6%9C%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="无血手术">无血手术</a>、激光治疗、<a href="/wiki/%E6%89%8B%E6%9C%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="手术">手术治疗</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%82%BE%E7%BB%93%E7%9F%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="肾结石">肾结石</a>治疗、<a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89%E7%9F%AF%E8%A6%96" title="激光矯視">激光矯視</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%89%99%E7%A7%91" class="mw-redirect" title="牙科">牙科</a></li> <li>工业：切割、<a href="/wiki/%E7%84%8A%E6%8E%A5" title="焊接">焊接</a>、材料热处理、打标记、非接触性测量</li> <li>军事：目标标记、<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%B9%E8%8D%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="弹药">弹药</a>制导、<a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%BC%E5%BC%B9%E9%98%B2%E5%BE%A1" title="导弹防御">导弹防御</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89%E6%AD%A6%E5%99%A8" title="激光武器">激光武器</a></li> <li>司法：<a href="/wiki/%E6%8C%87%E7%BA%B9%E8%AF%86%E5%88%AB" title="指纹识别">指纹鉴定</a>、超速取締</li> <li>科研：<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E8%B0%B1%E5%AD%A6" title="光谱学">光谱学</a></li> <li>生产/商业应用：<a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89%E6%89%93%E5%8D%B0%E6%9C%BA" title="激光打印机">激光打印机</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E7%9B%98" class="mw-redirect" title="光盘">光盘</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%A1%E7%A0%81" class="mw-redirect" title="条码">条码</a>扫描仪、<a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89%E6%8C%87%E7%A4%BA%E5%99%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="激光指示器">激光指示器</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89%E7%81%AF%E5%85%89%E6%98%BE%E7%A4%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="激光灯光显示（页面不存在）">激光灯光显示</a>：激光灯光秀</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%AE%B9" title="美容">美容手术</a>皮肤治疗：<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89%E7%BE%8E%E5%AE%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="激光美容（页面不存在）">激光美容</a></li> <li>建築：<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%B7%E5%B0%84%E6%B0%B4%E5%B9%B3%E5%84%80" title="雷射水平儀">雷射水平儀</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%B7%E5%B0%84%E6%B8%AC%E8%B7%9D%E5%84%80" class="mw-redirect" title="雷射測距儀">雷射測距儀</a></li></ul> <p>2004年，不包括二极管激光器，约有131,000个激光器被售出，价值为21.9亿美元<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。同年，共售出约7.33亿二极管激光器，价值为32亿美元<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="安全性"><span id=".E5.AE.89.E5.85.A8.E6.80.A7"></span>安全性</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89&action=edit&section=16" title="编辑章节：安全性"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:DIN_4844-2_Warnung_vor_Laserstrahl_D-W010.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/DIN_4844-2_Warnung_vor_Laserstrahl_D-W010.svg/150px-DIN_4844-2_Warnung_vor_Laserstrahl_D-W010.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/DIN_4844-2_Warnung_vor_Laserstrahl_D-W010.svg/225px-DIN_4844-2_Warnung_vor_Laserstrahl_D-W010.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/DIN_4844-2_Warnung_vor_Laserstrahl_D-W010.svg/300px-DIN_4844-2_Warnung_vor_Laserstrahl_D-W010.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="616" data-file-height="540" /></a><figcaption>激光通用警告標誌</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Laser_label.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Laser_label.jpg/150px-Laser_label.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Laser_label.jpg/225px-Laser_label.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Laser_label.jpg/300px-Laser_label.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1600" /></a><figcaption>可見激光警告標誌</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="激光安全" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Laser safety"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="激光安全（页面不存在）">激光安全</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laser_safety" class="extiw" title="en:Laser safety"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Laser safety</span></a></span>）</span></span></div> <p>即使是第1級的激光也被認為有潛在性的危險。<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%A5%A5%E5%A4%9A%C2%B7%E6%A2%85%E6%9B%BC" title="西奥多·梅曼">西奧多·梅曼</a>創造的第一個激光器只有“吉列”的功率，它只能灼熱<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%89%E5%88%97%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" title="吉列公司">吉列</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%AE%E9%AC%8D%E5%88%80" title="刮鬍刀">刮鬍刀的刀片</a>。但是，幾毫瓦的低功率照射，都足以危害到人眼的視力。如果该激光的波長在<a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%BC%E8%A7%92%E8%86%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="眼角膜">眼角膜</a>和透鏡可以良好聚焦在視網膜的范围内，就意味著這種相干性低的發散的激光會被<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E7%9C%BC" title="人眼">眼睛</a>聚焦在<a href="/wiki/%E8%A6%96%E7%B6%B2%E8%86%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="視網膜">視網膜</a>上極小的區域，只要幾秒鐘或更短的時間，就會造成视网膜局部的燒灼和永久性的傷害，有機會引致視網膜穿洞（網膜出現裂孔）及嚴重情況出現視網膜脫落<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>激光器通常都會標示有著安全等級編號的激光警示標籤： </p> <ul><li>第1級（Class I/1）：在裝置內是安全的。通常是因為光束被完全的封閉在內，例如在CD播放器內。</li> <li>第2級（Class II/2）：在正常使用狀況下是安全的，眼睛的<a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%A8%E7%9C%BC%E5%8F%8D%E5%B0%84" class="mw-redirect" title="眨眼反射">眨眼反射</a>可以避免受到傷害。这类设备通常功率低於1mW，例如激光指示器。</li> <li>第3 a/R級（Class IIIa/3R）：功率通常會達到5mW，並且在<a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%A8%E7%9C%BC%E5%8F%8D%E5%B0%84" class="mw-redirect" title="眨眼反射">眨眼反射</a>的時間內會有對眼睛造成傷害的小風險。注視這種光束幾秒鐘會對視網膜造成立即的傷害。</li> <li>第3b/B級（Class IIIb/3B）：在暴露下會對眼睛造成立即的損傷。</li> <li>第4級（Class IV/4）：激光會燒灼皮膚，在某些情況下，即使散射的激光也會對眼睛和皮膚造成傷害。許多工業和科學用的激光都屬於這一級。</li></ul> <p>這種標示的功率是針對可見光和連續波長的激光，對脈衝激光和不可見光激光還有其它適用的限制。對使用第3B級和第4級雷射工作的人，還需要可以吸收特定波長光的護目鏡保護他們眼睛的安全。 </p><p>某些波長超過1.4 μm的紅外線激光通常被歸類為對“眼睛安全”的。這是因為<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4" title="水">水</a>分子的內在分子震動對這一波段附近的頻譜有著強烈的吸收，因此這些波長的激光在通過眼角膜時會被稀釋，完全沒有辦法殘留的光線會被透鏡聚焦到達<a href="/wiki/%E8%A6%96%E7%B6%B2%E8%86%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="視網膜">視網膜</a>。但是"眼睛安全"的標籤可能會造成誤導，因為它只適用於低功率的連續光束，任何高功率或有<a href="/w/index.php?title=Q-%E6%96%B7%E8%B7%AF%E5%99%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Q-斷路器（页面不存在）">Q-斷路器</a>的激光，在這種波長一樣可以燒灼眼角膜，造成眼睛嚴重的損傷。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="軍事用途"><span id=".E8.BB.8D.E4.BA.8B.E7.94.A8.E9.80.94"></span>軍事用途</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89&action=edit&section=17" title="编辑章节：軍事用途"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89%E6%AD%A6%E5%99%A8" title="激光武器">激光武器</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="相關條目"><span id=".E7.9B.B8.E9.97.9C.E6.A2.9D.E7.9B.AE"></span>相關條目</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89&action=edit&section=18" title="编辑章节：相關條目"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%B7%E5%B0%84%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8" title="雷射科學">雷射科學</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参考文献"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8C.AE"></span>参考文献</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89&action=edit&section=19" title="编辑章节：参考文献"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-count references-column-count-2" style="-moz-column-count: 2; -webkit-column-count: 2; column-count: 2; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">王飞跃. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211212062022/https://www.cnki.net/KCMS/detail/detail.aspx?QueryID=0&CurRec=1&dbcode=CJFQ&dbname=CJFDLAST2015&filename=MOTO201506001&urlid=&yx=&uid=WEEvREcwSlJHSldRa1FhdXNXZjJDVVkrWHdBT3lBcWU0NlI3RmJaUFNEaz0%3D%249A4hF_YAuvQ5obgVAqNKPCYcEjKensW4ggI8Fm4gTkoUKaID8j8gFw%21%21&v=MDIxNDRSTHllWnVkcEZpRG1VcnpOS0NMZlliRzRIOVRNcVk5RlpZUjhlWDFMdXhZUzdEaDFUM3FUcldNMUZyQ1U%3D">从激光到激活  : 钱学森的情报理念与平行情报体系</a>. 自动化学报. 2015年6月, <b>41</b> (6): 1053 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2016-11-16</span>]</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.16383%2Fj.aas.2015.c150216"><span title="數位物件識別號">doi:10.16383/j.aas.2015.c150216</span></a>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cnki.net/KCMS/detail/detail.aspx?QueryID=0&CurRec=1&dbcode=CJFQ&dbname=CJFDLAST2015&filename=MOTO201506001&urlid=&yx=&uid=WEEvREcwSlJHSldRa1FhdXNXZjJDVVkrWHdBT3lBcWU0NlI3RmJaUFNEaz0=$9A4hF_YAuvQ5obgVAqNKPCYcEjKensW4ggI8Fm4gTkoUKaID8j8gFw!!&v=MDIxNDRSTHllWnVkcEZpRG1VcnpOS0NMZlliRzRIOVRNcVk5RlpZUjhlWDFMdXhZUzdEaDFUM3FUcldNMUZyQ1U=">原始内容</a>存档于2021-12-12）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89&rft.atitle=%E4%BB%8E%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89%E5%88%B0%E6%BF%80%E6%B4%BB+%3A+%E9%92%B1%E5%AD%A6%E6%A3%AE%E7%9A%84%E6%83%85%E6%8A%A5%E7%90%86%E5%BF%B5%E4%B8%8E%E5%B9%B3%E8%A1%8C%E6%83%85%E6%8A%A5%E4%BD%93%E7%B3%BB&rft.au=%E7%8E%8B%E9%A3%9E%E8%B7%83&rft.date=2015-06&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=6&rft.jtitle=%E8%87%AA%E5%8A%A8%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E6%8A%A5&rft.pages=1053&rft.volume=41&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnki.net%2FKCMS%2Fdetail%2Fdetail.aspx%3FQueryID%3D0%26CurRec%3D1%26dbcode%3DCJFQ%26dbname%3DCJFDLAST2015%26filename%3DMOTO201506001%26urlid%3D%26yx%3D%26uid%3DWEEvREcwSlJHSldRa1FhdXNXZjJDVVkrWHdBT3lBcWU0NlI3RmJaUFNEaz0%3D%249A4hF_YAuvQ5obgVAqNKPCYcEjKensW4ggI8Fm4gTkoUKaID8j8gFw%21%21%26v%3DMDIxNDRSTHllWnVkcEZpRG1VcnpOS0NMZlliRzRIOVRNcVk5RlpZUjhlWDFMdXhZUzdEaDFUM3FUcldNMUZyQ1U%3D&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.16383%2Fj.aas.2015.c150216&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.most.gov.tw/folksonomy/detail/1e98b8e3-8a51-4c9d-b9e4-ee568143d966?l=CH&utm_source=rss">乘著1960那道光，開啟雷射奇幻旅程--雷射發明60周年線上展9/4正式登場</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%A4%B1%E6%95%88%E9%93%BE%E6%8E%A5" title="Wikipedia:失效链接"><span title="">失效連結</span></a>]</span></sup>，科技部</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://saturn.stsp.gov.tw/guide/public_info/report/rt_detail.jsp?rep_rfnbr=10549">(轉知)財團法人工業技術研究院於6/15-6/16舉辦「雷射先進製造技術與安全評估」課程</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E9%83%A8%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8%E5%9C%92%E5%8D%80" title="南部科學園區">南部科學園區</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://udn.com/news/story/7324/7776343">中台灣燈會雷射光束恐傷手機拍照功能中市府增設提醒</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">激光打标. Dennis Kaminski. <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.laserfocusworld.cn/PDF/2011/09/Applications2.pdf">[1]</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150128132056/http://www.laserfocusworld.cn/PDF/2011/09/Applications2.pdf">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pcpop.com/doc/0/502/502118.shtml">微软前首席技术官改行发明激光灭蚊器</a>. www.pcpop.com. 2010-02-24 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2010-02-24</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100301072738/http://www.pcpop.com/doc/0/502/502118.shtml">存档</a>于2010-03-01）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89&rft.btitle=%E5%BE%AE%E8%BD%AF%E5%89%8D%E9%A6%96%E5%B8%AD%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E5%AE%98%E6%94%B9%E8%A1%8C%E5%8F%91%E6%98%8E%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89%E7%81%AD%E8%9A%8A%E5%99%A8&rft.date=2010-02-24&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=www.pcpop.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pcpop.com%2Fdoc%2F0%2F502%2F502118.shtml&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kincade, Kathy and Stephen Anderson（2005）"Laser Marketplace 2005: Consumer applications boost laser sales 10%", <i>Laser Focus World</i>, vol. 41, no. 1. (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lfw.pennnet.com/Articles/Article_Display.cfm?Section=ARCHI&ARTICLE_ID=219847&VERSION_NUM=2&p=12">online</a> <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">互联网档案馆</a>的<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060628041143/http://lfw.pennnet.com/Articles/Article_Display.cfm?Section=ARCHI&ARTICLE_ID=219847&VERSION_NUM=2&p=12">存檔</a>，存档日期2006-06-28.)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Steele, Robert V. (2005) "Diode-laser market grows at a slower rate", <i>Laser Focus World</i>, vol. 41, no. 2. (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lfw.pennnet.com/Articles/Article_Display.cfm?Section=ARCHI&ARTICLE_ID=221439&VERSION_NUM=4&p=12">online</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20060408222140/http://lfw.pennnet.com/Articles/Article_Display.cfm?Section=ARCHI&ARTICLE_ID=221439&VERSION_NUM=4&p=12">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">【睛明護眼】 www.EyeCareHK.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eyecarehk.org/eyecareaction/eastweekly03-201907/">【閃光燈射眼】【激光射眼】【陳卓琪眼科醫生】在【東周刊】【東周網】講解【強光射眼】及【激光射眼】可能引致的【眼疾】包括【白內障】【視網膜脫落】【黃斑點水腫】</a>. 睛明護眼 www.EyeCareHK.org. 2019-07-14 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2019-08-01</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190730065005/http://eyecarehk.org/eyecareaction/eastweekly03-201907/">存档</a>于2019-07-30） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到中文（香港）网页">（中文（香港））</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89&rft.atitle=%E3%80%90%E9%96%83%E5%85%89%E7%87%88%E5%B0%84%E7%9C%BC%E3%80%91%E3%80%90%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89%E5%B0%84%E7%9C%BC%E3%80%91%E3%80%90%E9%99%B3%E5%8D%93%E7%90%AA%E7%9C%BC%E7%A7%91%E9%86%AB%E7%94%9F%E3%80%91%E5%9C%A8%E3%80%90%E6%9D%B1%E5%91%A8%E5%88%8A%E3%80%91%E3%80%90%E6%9D%B1%E5%91%A8%E7%B6%B2%E3%80%91%E8%AC%9B%E8%A7%A3%E3%80%90%E5%BC%B7%E5%85%89%E5%B0%84%E7%9C%BC%E3%80%91%E5%8F%8A%E3%80%90%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89%E5%B0%84%E7%9C%BC%E3%80%91%E5%8F%AF%E8%83%BD%E5%BC%95%E8%87%B4%E7%9A%84%E3%80%90%E7%9C%BC%E7%96%BE%E3%80%91%E5%8C%85%E6%8B%AC%E3%80%90%E7%99%BD%E5%85%A7%E9%9A%9C%E3%80%91%E3%80%90%E8%A6%96%E7%B6%B2%E8%86%9C%E8%84%AB%E8%90%BD%E3%80%91%E3%80%90%E9%BB%83%E6%96%91%E9%BB%9E%E6%B0%B4%E8%85%AB%E3%80%91&rft.au=%E3%80%90%E7%9D%9B%E6%98%8E%E8%AD%B7%E7%9C%BC%E3%80%91+www.EyeCareHK.org&rft.date=2019-07-14&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%E7%9D%9B%E6%98%8E%E8%AD%B7%E7%9C%BC+www.EyeCareHK.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Feyecarehk.org%2Feyecareaction%2Feastweekly03-201907%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="外部链接"><span id=".E5.A4.96.E9.83.A8.E9.93.BE.E6.8E.A5"></span>外部链接</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89&action=edit&section=20" title="编辑章节：外部链接"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hk-phy.org/articles/laser/laser.html">《物理園》：激光是甚麼？</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20040616171136/http://www.hk-phy.org/articles/laser/laser.html">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</li></ul> <div style="clear: both; height: 1em"></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89" title="Template:激光"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89" title="Template talk:激光"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:激光"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="25px_激光" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:DIN_4844-2_Warnung_vor_Laserstrahl_D-W010.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/DIN_4844-2_Warnung_vor_Laserstrahl_D-W010.svg/25px-DIN_4844-2_Warnung_vor_Laserstrahl_D-W010.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/DIN_4844-2_Warnung_vor_Laserstrahl_D-W010.svg/38px-DIN_4844-2_Warnung_vor_Laserstrahl_D-W010.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/DIN_4844-2_Warnung_vor_Laserstrahl_D-W010.svg/50px-DIN_4844-2_Warnung_vor_Laserstrahl_D-W010.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="616" data-file-height="540" /></a></span> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">激光</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="激光文章列表" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="List of laser articles"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89%E6%96%87%E7%AB%A0%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="激光文章列表（页面不存在）">激光文章列表</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_laser_articles" class="extiw" title="en:List of laser articles"><span lang="en" dir="auto">List of laser articles</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="激光类型列表" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="List of laser types"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89%E7%B1%BB%E5%9E%8B%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="激光类型列表（页面不存在）">激光类型列表</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_laser_types" class="extiw" title="en:List of laser types"><span lang="en" dir="auto">List of laser types</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="激光应用列表" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="List of laser applications"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89%E5%BA%94%E7%94%A8%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="激光应用列表（页面不存在）">激光应用列表</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_laser_applications" class="extiw" title="en:List of laser applications"><span lang="en" dir="auto">List of laser applications</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="激光缩略语" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Laser acronyms"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89%E7%BC%A9%E7%95%A5%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="激光缩略语（页面不存在）">激光缩略语</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laser_acronyms" class="extiw" title="en:Laser acronyms"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Laser acronyms</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> <div style="font-size:88%;" class="hlist"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89%E5%99%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="激光器">激光器</a>类型</b>: <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="固体激光" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Solid-state laser"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9B%BA%E4%BD%93%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="固体激光（页面不存在）">固体</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solid-state_laser" class="extiw" title="en:Solid-state laser"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Solid-state laser</span></a></span>）</span></span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E5%AF%BC%E4%BD%93%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89" title="半导体激光">半导体</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%93%E6%96%99%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89%E5%99%A8" title="染料激光器">染料</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="气体激光" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Gas laser"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B0%94%E4%BD%93%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="气体激光（页面不存在）">气体</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gas_laser" class="extiw" title="en:Gas laser"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Gas laser</span></a></span>）</span></span> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="化学激光" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Chemical laser"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="化学激光（页面不存在）">化学</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_laser" class="extiw" title="en:Chemical laser"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Chemical laser</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%87%86%E5%88%86%E5%AD%90%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89" title="准分子激光">准分子</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%BB%E5%AD%90%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89%E5%99%A8" title="离子激光器">离子</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="金属蒸气激光" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Metal-vapor laser"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%87%91%E5%B1%9E%E8%92%B8%E6%B0%94%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="金属蒸气激光（页面不存在）">金属蒸气</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metal-vapor_laser" class="extiw" title="en:Metal-vapor laser"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Metal-vapor laser</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%B7%E5%B0%84%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8" title="雷射科學">激光物理学</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Active laser medium" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Active laser medium"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Active_laser_medium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Active laser medium（页面不存在）">Active laser medium</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Active_laser_medium" class="extiw" title="en:Active laser medium"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Active laser medium</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Amplified spontaneous emission" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Amplified spontaneous emission"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amplified_spontaneous_emission&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Amplified spontaneous emission（页面不存在）">Amplified spontaneous emission</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amplified_spontaneous_emission" class="extiw" title="en:Amplified spontaneous emission"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Amplified spontaneous emission</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BF%9E%E7%BB%AD%E6%B3%A2%E9%95%BF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="连续波长（页面不存在）">连续波长</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Doppler cooling" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Doppler cooling"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Doppler_cooling&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Doppler cooling（页面不存在）">Doppler cooling</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doppler_cooling" class="extiw" title="en:Doppler cooling"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Doppler cooling</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="激光烧蚀" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Laser ablation"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89%E7%83%A7%E8%9A%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="激光烧蚀（页面不存在）">激光烧蚀</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laser_ablation" class="extiw" title="en:Laser ablation"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Laser ablation</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%B7%E5%B0%84%E5%86%B7%E5%8D%BB" title="雷射冷卻">激光冷却</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Laser linewidth" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Laser linewidth"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Laser_linewidth&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Laser linewidth（页面不存在）">Laser linewidth</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laser_linewidth" class="extiw" title="en:Laser linewidth"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Laser linewidth</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Lasing threshold" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Lasing threshold"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lasing_threshold&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lasing threshold（页面不存在）">Lasing threshold</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lasing_threshold" class="extiw" title="en:Lasing threshold"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Lasing threshold</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Magneto-optical trap" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Magneto-optical trap"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Magneto-optical_trap&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Magneto-optical trap（页面不存在）">Magneto-optical trap</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magneto-optical_trap" class="extiw" title="en:Magneto-optical trap"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Magneto-optical trap</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E9%91%B7" title="光鑷">光镊</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%85%E9%87%8F%E5%8F%8D%E8%BD%89" title="居量反轉">居量反轉</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Resolved sideband cooling" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Resolved sideband cooling"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Resolved_sideband_cooling&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Resolved sideband cooling（页面不存在）">Resolved sideband cooling</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resolved_sideband_cooling" class="extiw" title="en:Resolved sideband cooling"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Resolved sideband cooling</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="超短脉冲" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Ultrashort pulse"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B6%85%E7%9F%AD%E8%84%89%E5%86%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="超短脉冲（页面不存在）">超短脉冲</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultrashort_pulse" class="extiw" title="en:Ultrashort pulse"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Ultrashort pulse</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">激光光学</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Beam expander" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Beam expander"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beam_expander&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Beam expander（页面不存在）">Beam expander</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beam_expander" class="extiw" title="en:Beam expander"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Beam expander</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Beam homogenizer" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Beam homogenizer"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beam_homogenizer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Beam homogenizer（页面不存在）">Beam homogenizer</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beam_homogenizer" class="extiw" title="en:Beam homogenizer"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Beam homogenizer</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%E7%A9%8D%E5%88%86" title="B積分">B积分</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%95%81%E5%95%BE%E8%84%89%E5%86%B2%E6%94%BE%E5%A4%A7" title="啁啾脉冲放大">啁啾脉冲放大</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Gain-switching" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Gain-switching"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gain-switching&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gain-switching（页面不存在）">Gain-switching</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gain-switching" class="extiw" title="en:Gain-switching"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Gain-switching</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E6%96%AF%E5%85%89%E6%9D%9F" title="高斯光束">高斯光束</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Injection seeder" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Injection seeder"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Injection_seeder&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Injection seeder（页面不存在）">Injection seeder</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Injection_seeder" class="extiw" title="en:Injection seeder"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Injection seeder</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Laser beam profiler" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Laser beam profiler"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Laser_beam_profiler&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Laser beam profiler（页面不存在）">Laser beam profiler</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laser_beam_profiler" class="extiw" title="en:Laser beam profiler"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Laser beam profiler</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="M squared" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="M squared"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=M_squared&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="M squared（页面不存在）">M squared</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M_squared" class="extiw" title="en:M squared"><span lang="en" dir="auto">M squared</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%81%E6%A8%A1%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF" title="锁模技术">锁模技术</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Multiple-prism grating laser oscillator" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Multiple-prism grating laser oscillator"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Multiple-prism_grating_laser_oscillator&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Multiple-prism grating laser oscillator（页面不存在）">Multiple-prism grating laser oscillator</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiple-prism_grating_laser_oscillator" class="extiw" title="en:Multiple-prism grating laser oscillator"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Multiple-prism grating laser oscillator</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Multiphoton intrapulse interference phase scan" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Multiphoton intrapulse interference phase scan"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Multiphoton_intrapulse_interference_phase_scan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Multiphoton intrapulse interference phase scan（页面不存在）">Multiphoton intrapulse interference phase scan</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiphoton_intrapulse_interference_phase_scan" class="extiw" title="en:Multiphoton intrapulse interference phase scan"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Multiphoton intrapulse interference phase scan</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E6%94%BE%E5%A4%A7%E5%99%A8" title="光放大器">光放大器</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B1%E6%8C%AF%E8%85%94" title="共振腔">共振腔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E5%AD%B8%E9%9A%94%E9%9B%A2%E5%99%A8" title="光學隔離器">光学隔离器</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Output coupler" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Output coupler"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Output_coupler&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Output coupler（页面不存在）">Output coupler</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Output_coupler" class="extiw" title="en:Output coupler"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Output coupler</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Q%E5%BC%80%E5%85%B3" title="Q开关">Q开关</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Regenerative amplification" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Regenerative amplification"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Regenerative_amplification&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Regenerative amplification（页面不存在）">Regenerative amplification</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regenerative_amplification" class="extiw" title="en:Regenerative amplification"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Regenerative amplification</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E8%B0%B1%E5%AD%A6" title="光谱学">激光光谱学</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Cavity ring-down spectroscopy" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Cavity ring-down spectroscopy"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cavity_ring-down_spectroscopy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cavity ring-down spectroscopy（页面不存在）">Cavity ring-down spectroscopy</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cavity_ring-down_spectroscopy" class="extiw" title="en:Cavity ring-down spectroscopy"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Cavity ring-down spectroscopy</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B1%E8%81%9A%E7%84%A6%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89%E6%8E%83%E6%8F%8F%E9%A1%AF%E5%BE%AE" title="共聚焦激光掃描顯微">共聚焦激光扫描显微</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Laser-based angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Laser-based angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Laser-based_angle-resolved_photoemission_spectroscopy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Laser-based angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy（页面不存在）">Laser-based angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laser-based_angle-resolved_photoemission_spectroscopy" class="extiw" title="en:Laser-based angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Laser-based angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="雷射繞射分析" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Laser diffraction analysis"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9B%B7%E5%B0%84%E7%B9%9E%E5%B0%84%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="雷射繞射分析（页面不存在）">雷射繞射分析</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laser_diffraction_analysis" class="extiw" title="en:Laser diffraction analysis"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Laser diffraction analysis</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89%E8%AF%B1%E5%AF%BC%E5%87%BB%E7%A9%BF%E5%85%89%E8%B0%B1" title="激光诱导击穿光谱">激光诱导击穿光谱</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="激光诱导荧光" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Laser-induced fluorescence"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89%E8%AF%B1%E5%AF%BC%E8%8D%A7%E5%85%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="激光诱导荧光（页面不存在）">激光诱导荧光</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laser-induced_fluorescence" class="extiw" title="en:Laser-induced fluorescence"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Laser-induced fluorescence</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Noise-immune cavity-enhanced optical heterodyne molecular spectroscopy" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Noise-immune cavity-enhanced optical heterodyne molecular spectroscopy"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Noise-immune_cavity-enhanced_optical_heterodyne_molecular_spectroscopy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Noise-immune cavity-enhanced optical heterodyne molecular spectroscopy（页面不存在）">Noise-immune cavity-enhanced optical heterodyne molecular spectroscopy</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noise-immune_cavity-enhanced_optical_heterodyne_molecular_spectroscopy" class="extiw" title="en:Noise-immune cavity-enhanced optical heterodyne molecular spectroscopy"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Noise-immune cavity-enhanced optical heterodyne molecular spectroscopy</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E6%9B%BC%E5%85%89%E8%AD%9C%E5%AD%B8" title="拉曼光譜學">拉曼光谱学</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="二階諧頻影像顯微" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Second-harmonic imaging microscopy"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%8C%E9%9A%8E%E8%AB%A7%E9%A0%BB%E5%BD%B1%E5%83%8F%E9%A1%AF%E5%BE%AE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="二階諧頻影像顯微（页面不存在）">二階諧頻影像顯微</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second-harmonic_imaging_microscopy" class="extiw" title="en:Second-harmonic imaging microscopy"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Second-harmonic imaging microscopy</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="太赫茲時域光譜" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%AA%E8%B5%AB%E8%8C%B2%E6%99%82%E5%9F%9F%E5%85%89%E8%AD%9C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="太赫茲時域光譜（页面不存在）">太赫茲時域光譜</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terahertz_time-domain_spectroscopy" class="extiw" title="en:Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="可調式二極體雷射吸收光譜" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%AF%E8%AA%BF%E5%BC%8F%E4%BA%8C%E6%A5%B5%E9%AB%94%E9%9B%B7%E5%B0%84%E5%90%B8%E6%94%B6%E5%85%89%E8%AD%9C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="可調式二極體雷射吸收光譜（页面不存在）">可調式二極體雷射吸收光譜</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tunable_diode_laser_absorption_spectroscopy" class="extiw" title="en:Tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="雙光子激發顯微" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Two-photon excitation microscopy"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9B%99%E5%85%89%E5%AD%90%E6%BF%80%E7%99%BC%E9%A1%AF%E5%BE%AE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="雙光子激發顯微（页面不存在）">雙光子激發顯微</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Two-photon_excitation_microscopy" class="extiw" title="en:Two-photon excitation microscopy"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Two-photon excitation microscopy</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="超快雷射光譜" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Ultrafast laser spectroscopy"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B6%85%E5%BF%AB%E9%9B%B7%E5%B0%84%E5%85%89%E8%AD%9C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="超快雷射光譜（页面不存在）">超快雷射光譜</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultrafast_laser_spectroscopy" class="extiw" title="en:Ultrafast laser spectroscopy"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Ultrafast laser spectroscopy</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">激光电离</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Above threshold ionization" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Above threshold ionization"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Above_threshold_ionization&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Above threshold ionization（页面不存在）">Above threshold ionization</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Above_threshold_ionization" class="extiw" title="en:Above threshold ionization"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Above threshold ionization</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Atmospheric-pressure laser ionization" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Atmospheric-pressure laser ionization"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Atmospheric-pressure_laser_ionization&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Atmospheric-pressure laser ionization（页面不存在）">Atmospheric-pressure laser ionization</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmospheric-pressure_laser_ionization" class="extiw" title="en:Atmospheric-pressure laser ionization"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Atmospheric-pressure laser ionization</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E8%B4%A8%E8%BE%85%E5%8A%A9%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89%E8%A7%A3%E5%90%B8/%E7%94%B5%E7%A6%BB" title="基质辅助激光解吸/电离">基质辅助激光解吸/电离</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B1%E6%8C%AF%E5%A2%9E%E5%BC%B7%E5%A4%9A%E5%85%89%E5%AD%90%E9%9B%A2%E5%AD%90%E5%8C%96" title="共振增強多光子離子化">共振增强多光子离子化</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Soft laser desorption" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Soft laser desorption"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Soft_laser_desorption&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Soft laser desorption（页面不存在）">Soft laser desorption</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soft_laser_desorption" class="extiw" title="en:Soft laser desorption"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Soft laser desorption</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surface-assisted_laser_desorption/ionization&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization（页面不存在）">Surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surface-assisted_laser_desorption/ionization" class="extiw" title="en:Surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surface-enhanced_laser_desorption/ionization&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization（页面不存在）">Surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surface-enhanced_laser_desorption/ionization" class="extiw" title="en:Surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">激光加工</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89%E7%84%8A" title="激光焊">激光焊</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Laser bonding" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Laser bonding"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Laser_bonding&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Laser bonding（页面不存在）">Laser bonding</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laser_bonding" class="extiw" title="en:Laser bonding"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Laser bonding</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Laser converting" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Laser converting"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Laser_converting&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Laser converting（页面不存在）">Laser converting</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laser_converting" class="extiw" title="en:Laser converting"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Laser converting</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89%E5%88%87%E5%89%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="激光切割">激光切割</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Laser cutting bridge" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Laser cutting bridge"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Laser_cutting_bridge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Laser cutting bridge（页面不存在）">Laser cutting bridge</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laser_cutting_bridge" class="extiw" title="en:Laser cutting bridge"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Laser cutting bridge</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="激光钻孔" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Laser drilling"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89%E9%92%BB%E5%AD%94&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="激光钻孔（页面不存在）">激光钻孔</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laser_drilling" class="extiw" title="en:Laser drilling"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Laser drilling</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89%E9%9B%95%E5%88%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="激光雕刻">激光雕刻</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Laser-hybrid welding" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Laser-hybrid welding"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Laser-hybrid_welding&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Laser-hybrid welding（页面不存在）">Laser-hybrid welding</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laser-hybrid_welding" class="extiw" title="en:Laser-hybrid welding"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Laser-hybrid welding</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Laser peening" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Laser peening"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Laser_peening&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Laser peening（页面不存在）">Laser peening</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laser_peening" class="extiw" title="en:Laser peening"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Laser peening</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Multiphoton lithography" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Multiphoton lithography"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Multiphoton_lithography&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Multiphoton lithography（页面不存在）">Multiphoton lithography</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiphoton_lithography" class="extiw" title="en:Multiphoton lithography"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Multiphoton lithography</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%84%89%E5%86%B2%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89%E6%B2%89%E7%A7%AF" title="脉冲激光沉积">脉冲激光沉积</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Selective laser melting" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Selective laser melting"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Selective_laser_melting&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Selective laser melting（页面不存在）">Selective laser melting</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selective_laser_melting" class="extiw" title="en:Selective laser melting"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Selective laser melting</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Selective laser sintering" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Selective laser sintering"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Selective_laser_sintering&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Selective laser sintering（页面不存在）">Selective laser sintering</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selective_laser_sintering" class="extiw" title="en:Selective laser sintering"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Selective laser sintering</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="激光医学" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Laser medicine"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="激光医学（页面不存在）">激光医学</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laser_medicine" class="extiw" title="en:Laser medicine"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Laser medicine</span></a></span>）</span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Computed tomography laser mammography" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Computed tomography laser mammography"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Computed_tomography_laser_mammography&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Computed tomography laser mammography（页面不存在）">Computed tomography laser mammography</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computed_tomography_laser_mammography" class="extiw" title="en:Computed tomography laser mammography"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Computed tomography laser mammography</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%87%86%E5%88%86%E5%AD%90%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89%E5%8E%9F%E4%BD%8D%E8%A7%92%E8%86%9C%E7%A3%A8%E9%95%B6%E6%9C%AF" title="准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术">准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Laser capture microdissection" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Laser capture microdissection"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Laser_capture_microdissection&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Laser capture microdissection（页面不存在）">Laser capture microdissection</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laser_capture_microdissection" class="extiw" title="en:Laser capture microdissection"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Laser capture microdissection</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="激光脱毛" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Laser hair removal"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89%E8%84%B1%E6%AF%9B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="激光脱毛（页面不存在）">激光脱毛</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laser_hair_removal" class="extiw" title="en:Laser hair removal"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Laser hair removal</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Laser lithotripsy" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Laser lithotripsy"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Laser_lithotripsy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Laser lithotripsy（页面不存在）">Laser lithotripsy</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laser_lithotripsy" class="extiw" title="en:Laser lithotripsy"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Laser lithotripsy</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Laser coagulation" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Laser coagulation"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Laser_coagulation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Laser coagulation（页面不存在）">Laser coagulation</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laser_coagulation" class="extiw" title="en:Laser coagulation"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Laser coagulation</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="激光解剖刀" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Laser scalpel"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89%E8%A7%A3%E5%89%96%E5%88%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="激光解剖刀（页面不存在）">激光解剖刀</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laser_scalpel" class="extiw" title="en:Laser scalpel"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Laser scalpel</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%B7%E5%B0%84%E6%89%8B%E8%A1%93" title="雷射手術">激光手术</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Laser thermal keratoplasty" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Laser thermal keratoplasty"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Laser_thermal_keratoplasty&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Laser thermal keratoplasty（页面不存在）">Laser thermal keratoplasty</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laser_thermal_keratoplasty" class="extiw" title="en:Laser thermal keratoplasty"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Laser thermal keratoplasty</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%87%86%E5%88%86%E5%AD%90%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89%E5%8E%9F%E4%BD%8D%E8%A7%92%E8%86%9C%E7%A3%A8%E9%95%B6%E6%9C%AF" title="准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术">准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Low level laser therapy" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Low level laser therapy"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Low_level_laser_therapy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Low level laser therapy（页面不存在）">Low level laser therapy</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low_level_laser_therapy" class="extiw" title="en:Low level laser therapy"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Low level laser therapy</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E5%AD%A6%E7%9B%B8%E5%B9%B2%E6%96%AD%E5%B1%82%E6%89%AB%E6%8F%8F" title="光学相干断层扫描">光学相干断层扫描</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%B7%E5%B0%84%E5%B1%88%E5%85%89%E8%A7%92%E8%86%9C%E5%88%87%E5%89%8A%E8%A1%93" title="雷射屈光角膜切削術">雷射屈光角膜切削術</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E5%AD%90%E5%AB%A9%E8%82%A4" title="光子嫩肤">光子嫩肤</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="软组织激光手术" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Soft-tissue laser surgery"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BD%AF%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89%E6%89%8B%E6%9C%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="软组织激光手术（页面不存在）">软组织激光手术</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soft-tissue_laser_surgery" class="extiw" title="en:Soft-tissue laser surgery"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Soft-tissue laser surgery</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%85%A3%E6%80%A7%E5%B1%80%E9%99%90%E8%9E%8D%E5%90%88" title="慣性局限融合">激光核聚变</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Argus laser" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Argus laser"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Argus_laser&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Argus laser（页面不存在）">Argus laser</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argus_laser" class="extiw" title="en:Argus laser"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Argus laser</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Cyclops laser" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Cyclops laser"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cyclops_laser&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cyclops laser（页面不存在）">Cyclops laser</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclops_laser" class="extiw" title="en:Cyclops laser"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Cyclops laser</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="GEKKO XII" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="GEKKO XII"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=GEKKO_XII&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="GEKKO XII（页面不存在）">GEKKO XII</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GEKKO_XII" class="extiw" title="en:GEKKO XII"><span lang="en" dir="auto">GEKKO XII</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="HiPER" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="HiPER"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=HiPER&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="HiPER（页面不存在）">HiPER</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HiPER" class="extiw" title="en:HiPER"><span lang="en" dir="auto">HiPER</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="ISKRA lasers" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="ISKRA lasers"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=ISKRA_lasers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISKRA lasers（页面不存在）">ISKRA lasers</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISKRA_lasers" class="extiw" title="en:ISKRA lasers"><span lang="en" dir="auto">ISKRA lasers</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Janus laser" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Janus laser"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Janus_laser&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Janus laser（页面不存在）">Janus laser</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Janus_laser" class="extiw" title="en:Janus laser"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Janus laser</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Laboratory for Laser Energetics" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Laboratory for Laser Energetics"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Laboratory_for_Laser_Energetics&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Laboratory for Laser Energetics（页面不存在）">Laboratory for Laser Energetics</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laboratory_for_Laser_Energetics" class="extiw" title="en:Laboratory for Laser Energetics"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Laboratory for Laser Energetics</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Laser integration line" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Laser integration line"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Laser_integration_line&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Laser integration line（页面不存在）">Laser integration line</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laser_integration_line" class="extiw" title="en:Laser integration line"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Laser integration line</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="百万焦耳激光" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Laser Mégajoule"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%99%BE%E4%B8%87%E7%84%A6%E8%80%B3%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="百万焦耳激光（页面不存在）">百万焦耳激光</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laser_M%C3%A9gajoule" class="extiw" title="en:Laser Mégajoule"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Laser Mégajoule</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Long path laser" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Long path laser"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Long_path_laser&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Long path laser（页面不存在）">Long path laser</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Long_path_laser" class="extiw" title="en:Long path laser"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Long path laser</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="LULI2000" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="LULI2000"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=LULI2000&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="LULI2000（页面不存在）">LULI2000</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LULI2000" class="extiw" title="en:LULI2000"><span lang="en" dir="auto">LULI2000</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Mercury laser" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Mercury laser"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mercury_laser&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mercury laser（页面不存在）">Mercury laser</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercury_laser" class="extiw" title="en:Mercury laser"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Mercury laser</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E7%82%B9%E7%81%AB%E8%A3%85%E7%BD%AE" class="mw-redirect" title="国家点火装置">国家点火装置</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Nike laser" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Nike laser"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nike_laser&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nike laser（页面不存在）">Nike laser</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nike_laser" class="extiw" title="en:Nike laser"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Nike laser</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Nova (laser)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Nova (laser)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nova_(laser)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nova (laser)（页面不存在）">Nova (laser)</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nova_(laser)" class="extiw" title="en:Nova (laser)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Nova (laser)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Novette laser" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Novette laser"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Novette_laser&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Novette laser（页面不存在）">Novette laser</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Novette_laser" class="extiw" title="en:Novette laser"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Novette laser</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Shiva laser" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Shiva laser"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shiva_laser&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shiva laser（页面不存在）">Shiva laser</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shiva_laser" class="extiw" title="en:Shiva laser"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Shiva laser</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Trident laser" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Trident laser"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trident_laser&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Trident laser（页面不存在）">Trident laser</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trident_laser" class="extiw" title="en:Trident laser"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Trident laser</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Vulcan laser" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Vulcan laser"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vulcan_laser&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vulcan laser（页面不存在）">Vulcan laser</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vulcan_laser" class="extiw" title="en:Vulcan laser"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Vulcan laser</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">民用应用</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E7%B6%AD%E6%8E%83%E6%8F%8F%E5%84%80" title="三維掃描儀">三维激光扫描仪</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD" class="mw-redirect" title="CD">CD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DVD" title="DVD">DVD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%97%8D%E5%85%89%E5%85%89%E7%A2%9F" title="藍光光碟">Blu-ray Disc</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Laser lighting display" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Laser lighting display"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Laser_lighting_display&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Laser lighting display（页面不存在）">Laser lighting display</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laser_lighting_display" class="extiw" title="en:Laser lighting display"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Laser lighting display</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89%E7%AC%94" title="激光笔">激光指示器</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89%E6%89%93%E5%8D%B0%E6%9C%BA" title="激光打印机">激光打印机</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Laser tag" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Laser tag"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Laser_tag&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Laser tag（页面不存在）">Laser tag</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laser_tag" class="extiw" title="en:Laser tag"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Laser tag</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">军事应用</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="先進戰術性雷射" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Advanced Tactical Laser"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%88%E9%80%B2%E6%88%B0%E8%A1%93%E6%80%A7%E9%9B%B7%E5%B0%84&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="先進戰術性雷射（页面不存在）">先進戰術性雷射</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Tactical_Laser" class="extiw" title="en:Advanced Tactical Laser"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Advanced Tactical Laser</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="波音雷射復仇者" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Boeing Laser Avenger"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B3%A2%E9%9F%B3%E9%9B%B7%E5%B0%84%E5%BE%A9%E4%BB%87%E8%80%85&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="波音雷射復仇者（页面不存在）">波音雷射復仇者</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boeing_Laser_Avenger" class="extiw" title="en:Boeing Laser Avenger"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Boeing Laser Avenger</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Dazzler (weapon)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Dazzler (weapon)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dazzler_(weapon)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dazzler (weapon)（页面不存在）">Dazzler (weapon)</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dazzler_(weapon)" class="extiw" title="en:Dazzler (weapon)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Dazzler (weapon)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Electrolaser" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Electrolaser"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Electrolaser&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Electrolaser（页面不存在）">Electrolaser</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrolaser" class="extiw" title="en:Electrolaser"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Electrolaser</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Laser designator" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Laser designator"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Laser_designator&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Laser designator（页面不存在）">Laser designator</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laser_designator" class="extiw" title="en:Laser designator"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Laser designator</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="雷射導引" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Laser guidance"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9B%B7%E5%B0%84%E5%B0%8E%E5%BC%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="雷射導引（页面不存在）">雷射導引</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laser_guidance" class="extiw" title="en:Laser guidance"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Laser guidance</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%B7%E5%B0%84%E5%B0%8E%E5%BC%95%E7%82%B8%E5%BD%88" title="雷射導引炸彈">雷射導引炸彈</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%B7%E5%B0%84%E6%A7%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="雷射槍">雷射槍</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89%E6%B5%8B%E8%B7%9D%E4%BB%AA" title="激光测距仪">激光测距仪</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="雷射警示接收器" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Laser warning receiver"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9B%B7%E5%B0%84%E8%AD%A6%E7%A4%BA%E6%8E%A5%E6%94%B6%E5%99%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="雷射警示接收器（页面不存在）">雷射警示接收器</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laser_warning_receiver" class="extiw" title="en:Laser warning receiver"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Laser warning receiver</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89%E6%AD%A6%E5%99%A8" title="激光武器">激光武器</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LLM01%E6%88%B0%E8%A1%93%E7%87%88%E5%8F%8A%E9%9B%B7%E5%B0%84%E6%A8%A1%E7%B5%84" title="LLM01戰術燈及雷射模組">LLM01战术灯及激光模组</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Multiple Integrated Laser Engagement System" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Multiple Integrated Laser Engagement System"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Multiple_Integrated_Laser_Engagement_System&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Multiple Integrated Laser Engagement System（页面不存在）">Multiple Integrated Laser Engagement System</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiple_Integrated_Laser_Engagement_System" class="extiw" title="en:Multiple Integrated Laser Engagement System"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Multiple Integrated Laser Engagement System</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="戰術性高能雷射" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Tactical High Energy Laser"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%88%B0%E8%A1%93%E6%80%A7%E9%AB%98%E8%83%BD%E9%9B%B7%E5%B0%84&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="戰術性高能雷射（页面不存在）">戰術性高能雷射</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tactical_High_Energy_Laser" class="extiw" title="en:Tactical High Energy Laser"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Tactical High Energy Laser</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Tactical light" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Tactical light"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tactical_light&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tactical light（页面不存在）">Tactical light</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tactical_light" class="extiw" title="en:Tactical light"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Tactical light</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="ZEUS-HLONS (HMMWV Laser Ordnance Neutralization System)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="ZEUS-HLONS (HMMWV Laser Ordnance Neutralization System)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=ZEUS-HLONS_(HMMWV_Laser_Ordnance_Neutralization_System)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ZEUS-HLONS (HMMWV Laser Ordnance Neutralization System)（页面不存在）">ZEUS-HLONS (HMMWV Laser Ordnance Neutralization System)</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ZEUS-HLONS_(HMMWV_Laser_Ordnance_Neutralization_System)" class="extiw" title="en:ZEUS-HLONS (HMMWV Laser Ordnance Neutralization System)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">ZEUS-HLONS (HMMWV Laser Ordnance Neutralization System)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold;"><div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="分类"><img alt="分类" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:%E9%9B%B7%E5%B0%84" title="Category:雷射">分类</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="共享资源页面"><img alt="共享资源页面" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Lasers" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Lasers">维基共享</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="光学" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%85%89%E5%AD%A6" 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title="几何光学">几何光学</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8D%E5%B0%84_(%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6)" title="反射 (物理学)">反射</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%98%E5%B0%84" title="折射">折射</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%B2%E6%B6%85%E8%80%B3%E6%96%B9%E7%A8%8B" title="菲涅耳方程">菲涅耳方程</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E6%B6%85%E5%B0%94%E5%AE%9A%E5%BE%8B" title="斯涅尔定律">斯涅尔定律</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B2%BB%E9%A6%AC%E5%8E%9F%E7%90%86" title="費馬原理">費馬原理</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E5%90%95%E6%96%AF%E5%AE%9A%E7%90%86" title="马吕斯定理">马吕斯定理</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%8F%E9%95%9C" title="透镜">透镜</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%A6%E5%83%8F" title="實像">實像</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%99%9B%E5%83%8F" title="虛像">虛像</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%83%8F%E5%B7%AE" title="像差">像差</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%83%8F%E6%95%A3" title="像散">像散</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%89%B2%E5%B7%AE" title="色差">色差</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%85%89%E5%AD%A6" title="物理光学">物理光学</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%B2%E6%B6%89_(%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6)" title="干涉 (物理学)">干涉</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%8D%E5%B0%84" title="衍射">衍射</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%A3%E5%B0%84" title="散射">散射</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%99%E7%B8%AB%E5%AF%A6%E9%A9%97" title="雙縫實驗">双缝干涉</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%88%E5%85%8B%E8%80%B3%E5%AD%99%E5%B9%B2%E6%B6%89%E4%BB%AA" title="迈克耳孙干涉仪">迈克耳孙干涉仪</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E8%B5%AB-%E6%9B%BE%E5%BE%B7%E7%88%BE%E5%B9%B2%E6%B6%89%E5%84%80" title="馬赫-曾德爾干涉儀">馬赫-曾德爾干涉儀</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%B8%83%E9%87%8C-%E7%8F%80%E7%BD%97%E5%B9%B2%E6%B6%89%E4%BB%AA" title="法布里-珀罗干涉仪">法布里-珀罗干涉仪</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%83%A0%E6%9B%B4%E6%96%AF-%E8%8F%B2%E6%B6%85%E8%80%B3%E5%8E%9F%E7%90%86" title="惠更斯-菲涅耳原理">惠更斯-菲涅耳原理</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E7%88%BE%E9%9C%8D%E5%A4%AB%E8%A1%8D%E5%B0%84%E5%85%AC%E5%BC%8F" title="基爾霍夫衍射公式">菲涅耳-基尔霍夫衍射公式</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AB%E7%90%85%E7%A6%BE%E8%B4%B9%E8%A1%8D%E5%B0%84" title="夫琅禾费衍射">夫琅禾费衍射</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%B2%E6%B6%85%E8%80%B3%E8%A1%8D%E5%B0%84" title="菲涅耳衍射">菲涅耳衍射</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E6%A0%85" title="光栅">光栅</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%91%9E%E5%88%A9%E6%95%A3%E5%B0%84" title="瑞利散射">瑞利散射</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B1%B3%E6%B0%8F%E6%95%A3%E5%B0%84" title="米氏散射">米氏散射</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%89%B2%E6%95%A3_(%E5%85%89%E5%AD%B8)" title="色散 (光學)">色散 (光學)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%81%8F%E6%8C%AF" title="偏振">偏振</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="傅里叶光学" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Fourier optics"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%82%85%E9%87%8C%E5%8F%B6%E5%85%89%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="傅里叶光学（页面不存在）">傅里叶光学</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fourier_optics" class="extiw" title="en:Fourier optics"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Fourier optics</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">現代光学</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">激光</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E8%B0%B1%E5%AD%A6" title="光谱学">光谱学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8F%E5%AD%90%E5%85%89%E5%AD%A6" title="量子光学">量子光学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E7%BA%BF%E6%80%A7%E5%85%89%E5%AD%A6" title="非线性光学">非线性光学</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="晶体光学" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Crystal optics"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%99%B6%E4%BD%93%E5%85%89%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="晶体光学（页面不存在）">晶体光学</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal_optics" class="extiw" title="en:Crystal optics"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Crystal optics</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E5%AD%A6%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="光学工程">光学工程</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E5%AD%90%E5%AD%A6" title="光子学">光子学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E5%B0%8E%E7%BA%96%E7%B6%AD" title="光導纖維">光導纖維</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A" title="光通訊">光通訊</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E5%AD%A6%E4%BB%AA%E5%99%A8" title="光学仪器">光学仪器</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A1%AF%E5%BE%AE%E9%8F%A1" title="顯微鏡">顯微鏡</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9B%E8%BF%9C%E9%95%9C" title="望远镜">望远镜</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%B0%A3%E5%85%89%E5%AD%B8" title="大氣光學">自然光象</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9A%88" title="暈">暈</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%BB%E6%97%A5" title="幻日">幻日</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E6%9F%B1" title="光柱">日柱</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%89%BF" title="日承">日承</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%A9%E8%99%B9" title="彩虹">彩虹</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E8%99%B9" title="月虹">月虹</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%AF_(%E5%85%89%E8%B1%A1)" title="華 (光象)">華</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E7%92%B0_(%E5%85%89%E8%B1%A1)" title="光環 (光象)">光環</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%A9%E9%9B%B2" title="彩雲">彩雲</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%B8%82%E8%9C%83%E6%A5%BC" title="海市蜃楼">海市蜃楼</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%A0%E9%96%83%E5%85%89" title="綠閃光">綠閃光</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%92%B0%E5%A4%A9%E9%A0%82%E5%BC%A7" title="環天頂弧">環天頂弧</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8D%89%E9%9C%B2%E5%AF%B6%E5%85%89" title="草露寶光">草露寶光</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">物理學者</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E5%8F%A4%E6%96%AF%E4%B8%81%C2%B7%E8%8F%B2%E6%B6%85%E8%80%B3" title="奥古斯丁·菲涅耳">菲涅耳</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E7%91%9F%E5%A4%AB%C2%B7%E5%86%AF%C2%B7%E5%A4%AB%E7%90%85%E5%92%8C%E8%B4%B9" title="约瑟夫·冯·夫琅和费">夫琅和费</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%9C%AC%C2%B7%E6%B5%B7%E4%BB%80%E6%9C%A8" title="伊本·海什木">海什木</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E9%87%8C%E6%96%AF%E8%92%82%E5%AE%89%C2%B7%E6%83%A0%E6%9B%B4%E6%96%AF" title="克里斯蒂安·惠更斯">惠更斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%89%BE%E8%90%A8%E5%85%8B%C2%B7%E7%89%9B%E9%A1%BF" title="艾萨克·牛顿">牛顿</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%89%E4%BB%A3%E7%91%9E%E5%88%A9%E7%94%B7%E7%88%B5%E7%B4%84%E7%BF%B0%C2%B7%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E6%8B%89%E7%89%B9" title="第三代瑞利男爵約翰·斯特拉特">瑞利</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E7%90%86%E5%8D%9A%C2%B7%E5%8F%B8%E4%B9%83%E8%80%B3" title="威理博·司乃耳">斯涅尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%89%98%E9%A9%AC%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E6%9D%A8" title="托马斯·杨">托马斯·杨</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">检索自“<a dir="ltr" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=激光&oldid=84876546">https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=激光&oldid=84876546</a>”</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB" title="Special:页面分类">分类</a>：<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E9%9B%B7%E5%B0%84" title="Category:雷射">雷射</a></li><li><a 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