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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Activism_tactics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Activism tactics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Activism_tactics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Noteworthy_ISM_events" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Noteworthy_ISM_events"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Noteworthy ISM events</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Noteworthy_ISM_events-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ISM_member_casualties_in_Palestine_and_Israel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ISM_member_casualties_in_Palestine_and_Israel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>ISM member casualties in Palestine and Israel</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-ISM_member_casualties_in_Palestine_and_Israel-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle ISM member casualties in Palestine and Israel subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-ISM_member_casualties_in_Palestine_and_Israel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-ISM_member_casualties_timeline" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ISM_member_casualties_timeline"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>ISM member casualties timeline</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ISM_member_casualties_timeline-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Killings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Killings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.1</span> <span>Killings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Killings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Rachel_Corrie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rachel_Corrie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.1.1</span> <span>Rachel Corrie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rachel_Corrie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tom_Hurndall" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tom_Hurndall"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.1.2</span> <span>Tom Hurndall</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tom_Hurndall-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Aysenur_Eygi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aysenur_Eygi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.1.3</span> <span>Aysenur Eygi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Aysenur_Eygi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Injuries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Injuries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.2</span> <span>Injuries</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Injuries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Kate_Edwards" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kate_Edwards"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.2.1</span> <span>Kate Edwards</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kate_Edwards-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Caoimhe_Butterly" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Caoimhe_Butterly"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.2.2</span> <span>Caoimhe Butterly</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Caoimhe_Butterly-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Brian_Avery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Brian_Avery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.2.3</span> <span>Brian Avery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Brian_Avery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tristan_Anderson" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tristan_Anderson"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.2.4</span> <span>Tristan Anderson</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tristan_Anderson-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bianca_Zammit" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bianca_Zammit"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.2.5</span> <span>Bianca Zammit</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bianca_Zammit-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-April_2012" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#April_2012"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.2.6</span> <span>April 2012</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-April_2012-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fred_Ekblad" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fred_Ekblad"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.2.7</span> <span>Fred Ekblad</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fred_Ekblad-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ISM_casualties_by_Palestinian_militants" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ISM_casualties_by_Palestinian_militants"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>ISM casualties by Palestinian militants</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ISM_casualties_by_Palestinian_militants-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Deaths" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Deaths"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2.1</span> <span>Deaths</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Deaths-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Akram_Ibrahim_Abu_Sba'" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Akram_Ibrahim_Abu_Sba'"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2.1.1</span> <span>Akram Ibrahim Abu Sba'</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Akram_Ibrahim_Abu_Sba'-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vittorio_Arrigoni" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vittorio_Arrigoni"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2.1.2</span> <span>Vittorio Arrigoni</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vittorio_Arrigoni-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ISM_member_casualties_in_Syria" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ISM_member_casualties_in_Syria"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>ISM member casualties in Syria</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-ISM_member_casualties_in_Syria-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle ISM member casualties in Syria subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-ISM_member_casualties_in_Syria-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Kayla_Mueller" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kayla_Mueller"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Kayla Mueller</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kayla_Mueller-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Criticism_and_controversies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Criticism_and_controversies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Criticism and controversies</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Criticism_and_controversies-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Criticism and controversies subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Criticism_and_controversies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Position_of_Israeli_Foreign_Ministry" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Position_of_Israeli_Foreign_Ministry"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Position of Israeli Foreign Ministry</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Position_of_Israeli_Foreign_Ministry-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Shadi_Sukiya_case" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Shadi_Sukiya_case"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Shadi Sukiya case</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Shadi_Sukiya_case-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ties_with_Palestinian_militants" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ties_with_Palestinian_militants"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3</span> <span>Ties with Palestinian militants</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ties_with_Palestinian_militants-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Israeli_court_ruling" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Israeli_court_ruling"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.4</span> <span>Israeli court ruling</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Israeli_court_ruling-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span 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Available in 17 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-17" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">17 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B6%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="حركة التضامن العالمية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="حركة التضامن العالمية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moviment_de_Solidaritat_Internacional" title="Moviment de Solidaritat Internacional – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Moviment de Solidaritat Internacional" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mezin%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD_hnut%C3%AD_solidarity" title="Mezinárodní hnutí solidarity – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Mezinárodní hnutí solidarity" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Solidarity_Movement" title="International Solidarity Movement – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="International Solidarity Movement" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Solidarity_Movement" title="International Solidarity Movement – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="International Solidarity Movement" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Solidarity_Movement" title="International Solidarity Movement – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="International Solidarity Movement" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Solidarity_Movement" title="International Solidarity Movement – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="International Solidarity Movement" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%86%D8%A8%D8%B4_%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AF_%D8%AC%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C" title="جنبش اتحاد جهانی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جنبش اتحاد جهانی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Solidarity_Movement" title="International Solidarity Movement – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="International Solidarity Movement" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B5%AD%EC%A0%9C_%EC%97%B0%EB%8C%80_%EC%9A%B4%EB%8F%99" title="국제 연대 운동 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="국제 연대 운동" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Solidarity_Movement" title="International Solidarity Movement – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="International Solidarity Movement" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%A2%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%A1%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%93%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%91%D7%99%D7%9F-%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%AA" title="תנועת הסולידריות הבין-לאומית – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="תנועת הסולידריות הבין-לאומית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Solidarity_Movement" title="International Solidarity Movement – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="International Solidarity Movement" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Movimento_de_Solidariedade_Internacional" title="Movimento de Solidariedade Internacional – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Movimento de Solidariedade Internacional" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Solidarity_Movement" title="International Solidarity Movement – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="International Solidarity Movement" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Solidarity_Movement" title="International Solidarity Movement – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="International Solidarity Movement" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" 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div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">International Solidarity Movement</caption><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Abbreviation</th><td class="infobox-data nickname">ISM</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Formation</th><td class="infobox-data note">August 2001<span class="noprint">; 23 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2001-08</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Founder</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ghassan_Andoni" title="Ghassan Andoni">Ghassan Andoni</a>, Neta Golan, <a href="/wiki/Huwaida_Arraf" title="Huwaida Arraf">Huwaida Arraf</a>, George Rishmawi</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Volunteers </div></th><td class="infobox-data">>3,500 <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://palsolidarity.org/2007/05/3-ism-cofounders-celebrated/">2007</a>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://palsolidarity.org/">https://palsolidarity.org/</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>International Solidarity Movement</b> (<b>ISM</b>; <a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>: <span lang="ar" dir="rtl">حركة التضامن العالمية</span>) is a Palestinian-led movement focused on assisting the <a href="/wiki/Palestinian_cause" class="mw-redirect" title="Palestinian cause">Palestinian cause</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Israeli%E2%80%93Palestinian_conflict" title="Israeli–Palestinian conflict">Israeli–Palestinian conflict</a>. ISM is dedicated to the use of <a href="/wiki/Nonviolent" class="mw-redirect" title="Nonviolent">nonviolent</a> <a href="/wiki/Protest" title="Protest">protests</a> and methods only. The organization calls on civilians from around the world to participate in acts of nonviolent protests against the <a href="/wiki/Israeli_military" class="mw-redirect" title="Israeli military">Israeli military</a> in the <a href="/wiki/West_Bank" title="West Bank">West Bank</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Gaza_Strip" title="Gaza Strip">Gaza Strip</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The ISM participates in the <a href="/wiki/Free_Gaza_Movement" title="Free Gaza Movement">Free Gaza Movement</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Haaretz_2008-07-28_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Haaretz_2008-07-28-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2></div> <p>It was founded in 2001 by <a href="/wiki/Ghassan_Andoni" title="Ghassan Andoni">Ghassan Andoni</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Palestinian_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Palestinian people">Palestinian</a> <a href="/wiki/Activist" class="mw-redirect" title="Activist">activist</a>; Neta Golan, a third generation Israeli activist; <a href="/wiki/Huwaida_Arraf" title="Huwaida Arraf">Huwaida Arraf</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Palestinian-American" class="mw-redirect" title="Palestinian-American">Palestinian-American</a>; and George N. Rishmawi, a Palestinian activist. <a href="/wiki/Adam_Shapiro_(activist)" title="Adam Shapiro (activist)">Adam Shapiro</a>, an American, joined the movement shortly after its founding and is also often considered one of the founders.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Osama_Qashoo" title="Osama Qashoo">Osama Qashoo</a> has also been described as a co-founder.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The group has been spied on by the British state with a <a href="/wiki/Special_Demonstration_Squad" title="Special Demonstration Squad">Special Demonstration Squad</a> member 'Rob Harrison' infiltrating the movement from 2004 till 2007.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Volunteer_costs">Volunteer costs</h2></div> <p>According to the ISM's website, international volunteers who join the ISM are responsible for paying their own way and covering all their expenses in <a href="/wiki/Palestine_(region)" title="Palestine (region)">Palestine</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Philosophy">Philosophy</h2></div> <p>The organization calls on civilians from around the world to participate in acts of <a href="/wiki/Nonviolence" title="Nonviolence">non-violent</a> protests against the <a href="/wiki/Israeli_military" class="mw-redirect" title="Israeli military">Israeli military</a> in the <a href="/wiki/West_Bank" title="West Bank">West Bank</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Gaza_Strip" title="Gaza Strip">Gaza Strip</a>. It has been criticised for working alongside other groups to pressure Palestinian artists to boycott the <a href="/w/index.php?title=One_Voice_Peace_Summit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="One Voice Peace Summit (page does not exist)">One Voice Peace Summit</a> and for helping to undermine the Summit by creating a competing event. ISM and affiliated groups critical of the Summit say that One Voice fails to fully support Palestinian rights guaranteed under <a href="/wiki/International_law" title="International law">international law</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2009)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="ISM's_position_on_violence"><span id="ISM.27s_position_on_violence"></span>ISM's position on violence</h3></div> <p>The ISM's website describes the organization as a "Palestinian-led movement committed to resisting the Israeli occupation of Palestinian land using nonviolent, direct-action methods and principles". It emphasizes international volunteers are not there to "teach nonviolent resistance" but to support resistance through nonviolent direct action, emergency mobilization and documentation.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>An article in the <a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="List of newspapers in the United Kingdom">British newspaper</a> <i><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph" title="The Daily Telegraph">The Daily Telegraph</a></i> called ISM "the 'peace' group that embraces violence" because its mission statement recognises "armed struggle" as the "right" of Palestinians.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The statement in question is taken from the ISM Mission Statement: </p> <blockquote><p>As enshrined in international law and UN resolutions, we recognize the Palestinian <a href="/wiki/Right_to_resist" title="Right to resist">right to resist</a> Israeli violence and occupation via legitimate armed struggle. However, we believe that nonviolence can be a powerful weapon in fighting oppression and we are committed to the principles of nonviolent resistance.</p></blockquote> <p>ISM further explains on its website: </p> <blockquote><p>The ISM does not support or condone any acts of terrorism – which is not legitimate armed struggle. The ISM does not associate, support, or have anything to do with armed or violent resistance to the occupation. The ISM does not assist or engage in any kind of armed resistance, no matter what form it may take.<br /><br />This right to resist occupation applies not only to the Palestinian people, but to all peoples who are faced with a military occupation. The ISM regards all people as equals with equal rights under international law. We believe that nonviolent action is a powerful weapon in fighting oppression and are committed to the principles of nonviolent resistance.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>During a <a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a> interview, <a href="/wiki/Paula_Zahn" title="Paula Zahn">Paula Zahn</a> with Adam Shapiro and Huwaida Arraf asked about an article they had co-authored which stated: "Palestinian resistance must take on a variety of characteristics, both violent and nonviolent. But most importantly, it must develop a strategy involving both aspects. Nonviolent resistance is no less noble than carrying out a suicide operation." She noted that "some people could lead to the conclusion that you were promoting suicide bombing." Shapiro and Arraf replied: </p> <blockquote> <p>The article that we wrote was actually in response to another article written by a Palestinian, who said the Palestinians could not be nonviolent. And so we were addressing within the context of the debate over whether the Palestinians could use violence or could not use nonviolence or could use nonviolence. So it was, first of all, within that context...<br /> </p> <p><br />There already is violence. We’re not advocating it. It's already there. It's on the ground. We’re working with people and with Palestinians who want to promote nonviolence, and that was the context of the whole article.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Activism_tactics">Activism tactics</h3></div> <p>Past ISM campaigns have used the following tactics: </p> <ul><li>Acting to deter military operations. Some ISM volunteers object to the use of the term <i><a href="/wiki/Human_shield" title="Human shield">human shield</a></i> to describe their work because, they argue, in a Palestinian context the expression more usually refers to forced use of captive Palestinians by the <a href="/wiki/Israel_Defense_Forces" title="Israel Defense Forces">Israel Defense Forces</a> (IDF) when searching Palestinian neighborhoods. They argue that the IDF is far more likely to shoot the darker skinned Palestinian civilians than white western looking activists, given the difference in international response. This tactic is colloquially referred to as the "white-face defense".</li> <li>Accompanying Palestinians to minimize harassment perpetuated by <a href="/wiki/Israeli_settlement" title="Israeli settlement">Israeli settlers</a> or soldiers, for example ensuring that queues at Israeli checkpoints are processed efficiently and providing witnesses and intermediaries during annual olive harvests, which are often disrupted by settlers and police.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2012)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li>Removing roadblocks. These are large unmanned mounds of earth and concrete on roads throughout the <a href="/wiki/West_Bank" title="West Bank">West Bank</a>, and sometimes placed at the entrances of Palestinian villages by the IDF, thereby isolating those villages' inhabitants by preventing traffic in or out.</li> <li>Attempting to block military vehicles such as <a href="/wiki/Tank" title="Tank">tanks</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bulldozer" title="Bulldozer">bulldozers</a>.</li> <li>Violating Israeli <a href="/wiki/Curfew" title="Curfew">curfew</a> orders enforced on Palestinian areas in order to monitor Israeli military actions, deliver food and medicine to Palestinian homes, or escort medical personnel to help facilitate their work.</li> <li>Interfering with the construction of the <a href="/wiki/Israeli_West_Bank_barrier" class="mw-redirect" title="Israeli West Bank barrier">West Bank barrier</a> and placing political graffiti on the wall.</li> <li>Entering areas designated as "closed military zones" by the Israeli military. This is not really a 'strategy' as such, but is a prerequisite for ISM being able to conduct many of the above activities as areas in which the ISM is active are often summarily designated as "closed military zones" by the IDF.</li> <li>Attempting to break the Israeli blockade of the Gaza Strip by supporting and participating in initiatives to send vessels through the naval blockade to Gaza.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Noteworthy_ISM_events">Noteworthy ISM events</h2></div> <ul><li>The ISM received extensive media coverage of its presence in <a href="/wiki/Yasser_Arafat" title="Yasser Arafat">Yasser Arafat</a>'s compound in <a href="/wiki/Ramallah" title="Ramallah">Ramallah</a> and at the <a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_Nativity" title="Church of the Nativity">Church of the Nativity</a> in <a href="/wiki/Bethlehem" title="Bethlehem">Bethlehem</a>.</li> <li>On August 8, 2006, ISM activist <a href="/wiki/Adam_Shapiro_(activist)" title="Adam Shapiro (activist)">Adam Shapiro</a> announced that a group of ISM activists was traveling to southern <a href="/wiki/Lebanon" title="Lebanon">Lebanon</a> to attempt to deliver aid and show solidarity with suffering residents.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>ISM was nominated for the 2004 <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="Nobel Peace Prize">Nobel Peace Prize</a> by <a href="/wiki/Svend_Robinson" title="Svend Robinson">Svend Robinson</a>, a former <a href="/wiki/New_Democratic_Party" title="New Democratic Party">New Democratic Party</a> Member of the <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Canada" title="Parliament of Canada">Parliament of Canada</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Cofounder <a href="/wiki/Ghassan_Andoni" title="Ghassan Andoni">Ghassan Andoni</a> was nominated for the 2006 Nobel Peace Prize along with <a href="/wiki/Jeff_Halper" title="Jeff Halper">Jeff Halper</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Israeli_Committee_Against_House_Demolitions" title="Israeli Committee Against House Demolitions">Israeli Committee Against House Demolitions</a> by the <a href="/wiki/American_Friends_Service_Committee" title="American Friends Service Committee">American Friends Service Committee</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="ISM_member_casualties_in_Palestine_and_Israel">ISM member casualties in Palestine and Israel</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="ISM_member_casualties_timeline">ISM member casualties timeline</h3></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bloodied-face-sm.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Bloodied-face-sm.JPG/180px-Bloodied-face-sm.JPG" decoding="async" width="180" height="240" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Bloodied-face-sm.JPG/270px-Bloodied-face-sm.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Bloodied-face-sm.JPG/360px-Bloodied-face-sm.JPG 2x" data-file-width="425" data-file-height="567" /></a><figcaption>19-year-old Swedish ISM volunteer wounded by Israeli settlers in <a href="/wiki/Hebron" title="Hebron">Hebron</a> in November 2006.</figcaption></figure> <ul><li>On 2 April 2002, Australian ISM volunteer Kate Edwards sustained severe internal injuries from rounds fired by Israeli forces during a protest in <a href="/wiki/Beit_Jala" title="Beit Jala">Beit Jala</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2008)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The incident was captured on film and appears in the documentary by Palestinian film-maker <a href="/wiki/Leila_Sansour" title="Leila Sansour">Leila Sansour</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Hardy_vs_the_Israeli_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Jeremy Hardy vs the Israeli Army">Jeremy Hardy vs the Israeli Army</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>On November 22, 2002 <a href="/wiki/Caoimhe_Butterly" title="Caoimhe Butterly">Caoimhe Butterly</a>, an Irish ISM volunteer was shot and injured by IDF in Jenin<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> minutes before UNRWA relief works project manager, Briton <a href="/wiki/Iain_Hook" title="Iain Hook">Iain Hook</a> was killed nearby.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>On 16 March 2003, <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> ISM volunteer <a href="/wiki/Rachel_Corrie" title="Rachel Corrie">Rachel Corrie</a> was killed while trying to block an IDF <a href="/wiki/Armoured_bulldozer" class="mw-redirect" title="Armoured bulldozer">armoured bulldozer</a>. See <a href="#Rachel_Corrie">below</a>.</li> <li>On 5 April 2003, US ISM volunteer <a href="/wiki/Brian_Avery_(activist)" title="Brian Avery (activist)">Brian Avery</a> was shot in the face and permanently disfigured by machine gun fire from an IDF <a href="/wiki/Armoured_personnel_carrier" title="Armoured personnel carrier">armoured personnel carrier</a> while he was escorting Palestinian medical personnel in the street.</li> <li>On 11 April 2003, <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">British</a> ISM volunteer <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hurndall" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas Hurndall">Thomas Hurndall</a> was left clinically <a href="/wiki/Brain_death" title="Brain death">brain dead</a> after he was shot in the head by an IDF soldier. Initially the soldier claimed the shooting occurred during an armed firefight between Israeli soldiers and Palestinian militants but the prosecuted soldier later admitted firing at him "as a deterrent".<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hurndall died on 13 January 2004. In early 2009, the family is reported to have accepted a payout of £1.5m and said that "the settlement was the nearest they could get to an admission of guilt from Israel".<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>On September 6, 2007, ISM activist Akram Ibrahim Abu Sba was killed by members of <a href="/wiki/Islamic_Jihad_Movement_in_Palestine" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamic Jihad Movement in Palestine">Islamic Jihad</a> in northern <a href="/wiki/Jenin" title="Jenin">Jenin</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-palsolidarity.org_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-palsolidarity.org-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>On March 13, 2009, American demonstrator Tristan Anderson was critically wounded near <a href="/wiki/Ni%27lin" title="Ni'lin">Nil'in</a> when shot with a tear gas canister during a clash between protesters and IDF troops over the West Bank security barrier.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-insidebayarea.com_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-insidebayarea.com-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-sfgate.com_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sfgate.com-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-mercurynews.com_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mercurynews.com-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-dailycal.org_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dailycal.org-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-google.com_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-google.com-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-democracynow.org_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-democracynow.org-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>On April 24, 2010, Bianca Zammit, a 28-year-old activist from Malta, was shot in the thigh with live ammunition by IDF soldiers during a demonstration in the so-called "buffer zone" inside Gaza Strip. Two Palestinian demonstrators were also shot during the same demonstration in Al Maghazi Refugee Camp.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>On May 31, 2010, Emily Henochowicz, a 21-year-old art student from <a href="/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland">Maryland</a>, lost her left eye when she was struck by a <a href="/wiki/Tear_gas" title="Tear gas">tear gas canister</a> while protesting near <a href="/wiki/Qalandiya" class="mw-redirect" title="Qalandiya">Qalandiya</a> checkpoint. Another ISM volunteer at the scene claimed that the Israeli soldiers deliberately aimed at Henochowicz.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>On 14 April 2011, <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italian</a> activist <a href="/wiki/Vittorio_Arrigoni" title="Vittorio Arrigoni">Vittorio Arrigoni</a> was abducted, tortured<sup id="cite_ref-theweek.co.uk_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-theweek.co.uk-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and killed in <a href="/wiki/Gaza_City" title="Gaza City">Gaza</a> by the <a href="/wiki/Jahafil_Al-Tawhid_Wal-Jihad_fi_Filastin" class="mw-redirect" title="Jahafil Al-Tawhid Wal-Jihad fi Filastin">Jahafil Al-Tawhid Wal-Jihad fi Filastin</a> Palestinian <a href="/wiki/Salafist" class="mw-redirect" title="Salafist">Salafist</a> group. The murder was condemned by various Palestinian factions.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Killings">Killings</h4></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Rachel_Corrie">Rachel Corrie</h5></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Rachel_Corrie" title="Rachel Corrie">Rachel Corrie</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rachel_Corrie_2003_March_16_cropped.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Rachel_Corrie_2003_March_16_cropped.jpg/200px-Rachel_Corrie_2003_March_16_cropped.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="288" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Rachel_Corrie_2003_March_16_cropped.jpg/300px-Rachel_Corrie_2003_March_16_cropped.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Rachel_Corrie_2003_March_16_cropped.jpg 2x" data-file-width="370" data-file-height="532" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Rachel_Corrie" title="Rachel Corrie">Rachel Corrie</a> stands before Israeli <a href="/wiki/IDF_Caterpillar_D9" title="IDF Caterpillar D9">IDF Caterpillar D9</a> bulldozers</figcaption></figure> <p>ISM volunteer <a href="/wiki/Rachel_Corrie" title="Rachel Corrie">Rachel Corrie</a> was killed as she attempted to block an <a href="/wiki/Israel_Defense_Forces" title="Israel Defense Forces">Israel Defense Forces</a> (IDF) <a href="/wiki/Bulldozer" title="Bulldozer">bulldozer</a> conducting military operations in <a href="/wiki/Rafah" title="Rafah">Rafah</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Gaza_Strip" title="Gaza Strip">Gaza Strip</a> on March 16, 2003. An internal <a href="/wiki/Israel_Defense_Forces" title="Israel Defense Forces">IDF</a> investigation concluded that Corrie's death was an accident but ISM eyewitnesses dispute this account, contending that the bulldozer driver deliberately struck Corrie as she was protesting in plain view. The IDF says that tapes of the event show Corrie below the driver's eye level, and also say that the noise level was too loud for Ms. Corrie to be heard. The activities of the bulldozer she was blocking are also subject to disagreement — ISM claim it was preparing to demolish the home of a Palestinian pharmacist. Other accounts backed by the film footage claim that the bulldozer was not near the house but was removing shrubbery covering a structure that could be used as an arms smuggling tunnel or to cover terrorists shooting at the IDF.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-motherjones_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-motherjones-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>George Rishmawi of the ISM told the <i>San Francisco Chronicle</i> that: "When Palestinians get shot by Israeli soldiers, no one is interested anymore. But if some of these foreign volunteers get shot or even killed, then the international media will sit up and take notice."<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Corrie's parents brought lawsuits in the United States and in Israel, but in both cases, they lost the suit. In Israel, in August 2012, the court said that Corrie could have avoided danger. The court ruled that Israel was not at fault for Corrie's death, and there was neither intent nor negligence involved in her death.<sup id="cite_ref-Haifa_verdict_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Haifa_verdict-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The judge also said that Israel's investigation was appropriate and did not contain mistakes. The judge also criticized the U.S. for failing to send a diplomatic representative to observe Corrie's autopsy.<sup id="cite_ref-JPost_Court_verdict_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JPost_Court_verdict-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Tom_Hurndall">Tom Hurndall</h5></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Tom_Hurndall" title="Tom Hurndall">Tom Hurndall</a> and <a href="/wiki/Taysir_Hayb" title="Taysir Hayb">Taysir Hayb</a></div> <p>On April 11, 2003 <a href="/wiki/Israel_Defense_Forces" title="Israel Defense Forces">Israel Defense Forces</a> (IDF) soldier Sergeant <a href="/wiki/Taysir_Hayb" title="Taysir Hayb">Taysir Hayb</a> shot International Solidarity Movement (ISM) volunteer <a href="/wiki/Tom_Hurndall" title="Tom Hurndall">Tom Hurndall</a> in the head. Hurndall, who had been aiding Palestinians in <a href="/wiki/Gaza_City" title="Gaza City">Gaza</a>, died of his wound in January 2004. Hurndall was unarmed, dressed in the bright orange jacket of the ISM, and steering two Palestinian children away from an Israeli tank-mounted machine gun shooting in their direction.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-BBC_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Atkinson_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Atkinson-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Hayb claimed he had shot at a man in <a href="/wiki/Fatigues_(uniform)" class="mw-redirect" title="Fatigues (uniform)">military fatigues</a> who was firing at the soldiers with a pistol, in the no-go security zone. This was at odds with the ISM's account, confirmed by photographic evidence.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Subsequently, Hayb admitted to fabricating his account of events. On 10 May 2004, Hayb's trial commenced on one charge of manslaughter in the death of Tom Hurndall, two counts of obstruction of justice, one count each of submitting false testimony, obtaining false testimony, and unbecoming behavior. Hurndall's family pressed for a murder charge through the Israeli courts.<sup id="cite_ref-Atkinson_47-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Atkinson-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In August 2005, Taysir Hayb was convicted of manslaughter and sentenced to a total of eight years imprisonment, seven years for the manslaughter of Hurndall and one year for obstruction of justice.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Aysenur_Eygi">Aysenur Eygi</h5></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Aysenur_Eygi" class="mw-redirect" title="Killing of Aysenur Eygi">Killing of Aysenur Eygi</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ay%C5%9Fenur_Ezgi_Eygi" title="Ayşenur Ezgi Eygi">Ayşenur Ezgi Eygi</a></div> <p>On 6 September 2024, Aysenur Ezgi Eygi a 26-year-old American-Turkish woman was attending a weekly protest held near the Israeli settlement of Evyatar, and allegedly shot and killed by IDF snipers. The protest was against the continued expansion of Israeli settlements and had attracted violence prior to the incident. Witnesses reported that IDF forces had confronted the activists and shot at them with tear gas and live ammunition to force them to disperse. About thirty minutes after the confrontation, protestors reported that two IDF snipers on a roof about 200 yards away opened fire, killing Eygi and wounding a Palestinian teenager in the leg.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Injuries">Injuries</h4></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Kate_Edwards">Kate Edwards</h5></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australian</a> ISM volunteer Kate Edwards sustained internal injuries from a bullet in <a href="/wiki/Beit_Jala" title="Beit Jala">Beit Jala</a>. She and other volunteers marched on Israeli lines. After the event, Kate Edwards was quoted as stating "We were walking up the hill from Bethlehem when a tank came down the hill towards us. I could see a man in the tank and he was shouting at us to go back. We carried on going."<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Caoimhe_Butterly">Caoimhe Butterly</h5></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Caoimhe_Butterly" title="Caoimhe Butterly">Caoimhe Butterly</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland">Irish</a> ISM volunteer and human rights activist <a href="/wiki/Caoimhe_Butterly" title="Caoimhe Butterly">Caoimhe Butterly</a> was shot in the thigh by an Israeli soldier during the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Jenin_(2002)" title="Battle of Jenin (2002)">Battle of Jenin</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Brian_Avery">Brian Avery</h5></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Brian_Avery_(activist)" title="Brian Avery (activist)">Brian Avery (activist)</a></div> <p>On April 5, 2003, Israeli Defense Force soldiers on a military convoy shot Brian Avery (born 1979) in the face, seriously disfiguring him, while he was volunteering for the ISM in the <a href="/wiki/West_Bank" title="West Bank">West Bank</a> city of <a href="/wiki/Jenin" title="Jenin">Jenin</a>. He was wearing red reflector vests with the word "doctor" in English and Arabic. The IDF refused to order an investigation, saying there was no proof its soldiers had shot at anyone that day.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-settlement_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-settlement-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Avery sued and in November 2008 accepted a $150,000 settlement from the Israeli government in exchange for dropping the lawsuit.<sup id="cite_ref-settlement_57-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-settlement-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Tristan_Anderson">Tristan Anderson</h5></div> <p>On March 13, 2009, American ISM volunteer Tristan Anderson was critically injured after being hit in the head by a <a href="/wiki/Tear_gas" title="Tear gas">tear gas</a> canister fired by Israeli troops attempting to disperse a demonstration. Anderson was taken to a hospital in <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a>, where he underwent brain surgery, and had to have a portion of his frontal lobe and fragments of shattered bone removed.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-insidebayarea.com_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-insidebayarea.com-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-sfgate.com_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sfgate.com-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-mercurynews.com_28-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mercurynews.com-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-dailycal.org_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dailycal.org-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-google.com_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-google.com-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-democracynow.org_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-democracynow.org-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ISM volunteer and Tristan's girlfriend Gabrielle Silverman (Israeli-American), who witnessed to his injury: </p> <blockquote> <p>"We were at a demonstration against the wall, against the Israeli apartheid wall in the West Bank village of <a href="/wiki/Ni%27lin" title="Ni'lin">Ni'lin</a>, which is about twenty-six kilometers west of Ramallah. I was very close to him when he was shot. I was only a few feet away. The demonstration had been going for several hours. It was wrapping up; it was almost over. Most people had already gone home. We were standing on some grass nearby a village mosque, and Tristan was taking pictures [when] he was shot in the head with the extended range tear gas canister."<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Bianca_Zammit">Bianca Zammit</h5></div> <p>On April 24, 2010, Bianca Zammit, a 28 year old activist from Malta, was shot in the thigh with live ammunition by IDF soldiers during a demonstration in the so-called "buffer zone" inside Gaza Strip. Two Palestinian demonstrators were also shot during the same demonstration in Al Maghazi Refugee Camp. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="April_2012">April 2012</h5></div> <p>On April 14, a group of at least 200 pro-Palestinian activists were travelling on bicycles,<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and several buses<sup id="cite_ref-y4216424_61-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-y4216424-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in a silent<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2012)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> protest. They were stopped by Israeli soldiers before entering onto <a href="/wiki/Highway_90_(Israel%E2%80%93Palestine)" title="Highway 90 (Israel–Palestine)">Highway 90</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-jpost1_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jpost1-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-cbn_63-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cbn-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and asked not to continue for their own safety. The legality of the protesters action is unclear as some news agencies state the cyclists got permission to protest<sup id="cite_ref-y4216424_61-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-y4216424-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but others state no permit was given.<sup id="cite_ref-Occupation_magazine_news_report_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Occupation_magazine_news_report-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the ensuing hour, the activists refused and blocked an entrance to a highway,<sup id="cite_ref-cbn_63-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cbn-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a "scuffle" broke out. In an interview given by one of the members he stated "<i>בשלב מסויים החלטנו לאתגר את החיילים ולנסות להמשיך בנסיעה</i>" ("... at some point we decided to test the soldiers and continue to move")<sup id="cite_ref-Occupation_magazine_news_report_64-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Occupation_magazine_news_report-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-walla_interview_66-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-walla_interview-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and after a few moments they had been assaulted.<sup id="cite_ref-walla_interview_66-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-walla_interview-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In an interview for JPost "After about half-an-hour, he said, the cyclists decided to push past the IDF, and that is when the violence began."<sup id="cite_ref-jpost1_62-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jpost1-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Four activists sustained face and back injuries and had to be evacuated to a hospital in <a href="/wiki/Jericho" title="Jericho">Jericho</a>, <a href="/wiki/West_Bank" title="West Bank">West Bank</a>. The next day, ISM posted a video showing an IDF officer hitting a <a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark">Danish</a> protester in the face with his assault rifle. The IDF officer said that he was attacked by one of the activists in the incident with a stick, breaking two fingers. The IDF said it was a "grave incident" and was suspending the officer and investigating the incident. Israeli Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Netanyahu" title="Benjamin Netanyahu">Benjamin Netanyahu</a>, President <a href="/wiki/Shimon_Peres" title="Shimon Peres">Shimon Peres</a>, and IDF Chief of General Staff Lt.-Gen. <a href="/wiki/Benny_Gantz" title="Benny Gantz">Benny Gantz</a> all condemned the incident. <a href="/wiki/NGO_Monitor" title="NGO Monitor">NGO Monitor</a> said that ISM "has a long record of encouraging activists to take 'direct action' that often places them in danger and in direct confrontations with the IDF."<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Fred_Ekblad">Fred Ekblad</h5></div> <p>On July 25, 2014, Swedish activist Fred Ekblad had a moderate injury in his head from an Israeli tank shelling Beit Hanoun hospital in the Gaza Strip. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="ISM_casualties_by_Palestinian_militants">ISM casualties by Palestinian militants</h3></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Deaths">Deaths</h4></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Akram_Ibrahim_Abu_Sba'"><span id="Akram_Ibrahim_Abu_Sba.27"></span>Akram Ibrahim Abu Sba'</h5></div> <p>On September 6, 2007, ISM Jenin regional committee member and "co-founder of one of ISM's first permanent presences" Akram Ibrahim Abu Sba’ was killed on duty by <a href="/wiki/Islamic_Jihad_Movement_in_Palestine" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamic Jihad Movement in Palestine">Islamic Jihad</a> militants, while trying to "smooth tensions between Palestinian security forces and Islamic Jihad members", in the Palestinian city of <a href="/wiki/Jenin" title="Jenin">Jenin</a>. Akram was buried in the <a href="/wiki/Jenin" title="Jenin">Jenin</a> refugee camp graveyard.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Vittorio_Arrigoni">Vittorio Arrigoni</h5></div> <p>On April 14, 2011, <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italian</a> ISM activist <a href="/wiki/Vittorio_Arrigoni" title="Vittorio Arrigoni">Vittorio Arrigoni</a> was abducted, tortured<sup id="cite_ref-theweek.co.uk_36-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-theweek.co.uk-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and executed by hanging by a <a href="/wiki/Jahafil_Al-Tawhid_Wal-Jihad_fi_Filastin" class="mw-redirect" title="Jahafil Al-Tawhid Wal-Jihad fi Filastin">Salafist</a> group in the <a href="/wiki/Gaza_Strip" title="Gaza Strip">Gaza Strip</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="ISM_member_casualties_in_Syria">ISM member casualties in Syria</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kayla_Mueller">Kayla Mueller</h3></div> <p>Mueller was a native of <a href="/wiki/Prescott,_Arizona" title="Prescott, Arizona">Prescott, Arizona</a>, where she graduated from <a href="/wiki/Tri-city_College_Prep_High_School" class="mw-redirect" title="Tri-city College Prep High School">Tri-city College Prep High School</a>. She attended <a href="/wiki/Northern_Arizona_University" title="Northern Arizona University">Northern Arizona University</a> in <a href="/wiki/Flagstaff,_Arizona" title="Flagstaff, Arizona">Flagstaff</a> in 2007. She volunteered for three years with the <a href="/wiki/Save_Darfur_Coalition" title="Save Darfur Coalition">Save Darfur Coalition</a>. Her human rights activism included working in <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> and with <a href="/wiki/Tibetan_diaspora" title="Tibetan diaspora">Tibetan refugees</a>. Her work in the <a href="/wiki/Middle_East" title="Middle East">Middle East</a> included working for <a href="/wiki/Palestinian_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Palestinian people">Palestinian</a> rights with the International Solidarity Movement and helping <a href="/wiki/Illegal_immigration_from_Africa_to_Israel" class="mw-redirect" title="Illegal immigration from Africa to Israel">African refugees</a> in <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a> with the African Refugee Development Center.<sup id="cite_ref-haaretz_73-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-haaretz-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Mueller started working in southern <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a> in December 2012, where she was assisting Syrian refugees. On August 3, 2013, she drove to the northern Syrian city of <a href="/wiki/Aleppo" title="Aleppo">Aleppo</a> with a coworker/friend who was traveling to the <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spanish</a> Doctors Without Borders hospital in <a href="/wiki/Aleppo" title="Aleppo">Aleppo</a> to work for a day.<sup id="cite_ref-nytimes.com_74-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nytimes.com-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She worked with international aid agency Support to Life.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On her departure from Aleppo to return to Turkey, militants abducted her.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to anonymous sources of <a href="/wiki/Catherine_Herridge" title="Catherine Herridge">Catherine Herridge</a>, the location of Mueller and other US hostages was known by the White House in May 2014, but a decision on a rescue mission was not made for seven weeks. By that time, the hostages had been dispersed.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A media account affiliated with the <a href="/wiki/Islamic_State_of_Iraq_and_the_Levant" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant">Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant</a> (ISIL) released a statement on February 6, 2015, claiming that a female American hostage held by the group was killed by one of around a dozen Jordanian airstrikes in <a href="/wiki/Raqqa" title="Raqqa">Raqqa, Syria</a>. The statement came just days after the release of a video showing the murder of Jordanian fighter pilot Lt. <a href="/wiki/Muath_al-Kaseasbeh" class="mw-redirect" title="Muath al-Kaseasbeh">Muath al-Kaseasbeh</a> by the militant group and the subsequent execution of <a href="/wiki/Sajida_Mubarak_Atrous_al-Rishawi" class="mw-redirect" title="Sajida Mubarak Atrous al-Rishawi">Sajida al-Rishawi</a> and other prisoners of Jordan. The statement was later translated by the <a href="/wiki/SITE_Intelligence_Group" title="SITE Intelligence Group">SITE Intelligence Group</a>, identifying the hostage as Mueller.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On February 6, 2015, ISIL published a photo of a damaged building, named Mueller and her home town and alleged she had been killed in a Jordanian airstrike in the building where she was left alone with no guards, but no proof of death was provided. The Pentagon agreed the building was one hit in the bombings, but disputed that Mueller, or any civilian, was inside. The site had been bombed by the coalition twice before, and was targeted again because ISIS soldiers sometimes return to bombed sites, thinking the coalition won't return, according to Pentagon spokesman <a href="/wiki/John_Kirby_(admiral)" title="John Kirby (admiral)">John Kirby</a>. After this, Mueller's name was released by American and other media with the family's consent.<sup id="cite_ref-nytimes.com_74-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nytimes.com-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On February 10, 2015, Mueller's family announced ISIS had confirmed her death to them in an e-mail, with three photographs of her dead body, bruised on the face and wearing a black <a href="/wiki/Hijab" title="Hijab">hijab</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/United_States_National_Security_Council" title="United States National Security Council">National Security Council</a> spokeswoman <a href="/wiki/Bernadette_Meehan" title="Bernadette Meehan">Bernadette Meehan</a> said this message was authenticated by the intelligence community. President <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a> offered his condolences to Mueller's family.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On October 26–27, 2019, U.S. <a href="/wiki/Joint_Special_Operations_Command" title="Joint Special Operations Command">Joint Special Operations Command</a> members found the hideout of ISIS leader <a href="/wiki/Abu_Bakr_al-Baghdadi" title="Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi">Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi</a> in <a href="/wiki/Idlib_Governorate" title="Idlib Governorate">Idlib Governorate</a>, northern Syria, <a href="/wiki/Death_of_Abu_Bakr_al-Baghdadi" title="Death of Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi">before he died from suicide vest blast</a>. The operation was named <b>Operation Kayla Mueller</b> by President <a href="/wiki/Donald_J._Trump" class="mw-redirect" title="Donald J. Trump">Donald J. Trump</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Criticism_and_controversies">Criticism and controversies</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Position_of_Israeli_Foreign_Ministry">Position of Israeli Foreign Ministry</h3></div> <p>The Israeli <a href="/wiki/Israel_Foreign_Affairs_Ministry" class="mw-redirect" title="Israel Foreign Affairs Ministry">Foreign Ministry</a> reported that two terrorists involved in the <a href="/wiki/Mike%27s_Place_suicide_bombing" title="Mike's Place suicide bombing">Mike's Place suicide bombing</a> forged "links with foreign left wing activists and members of the International Solidarity Movement (ISM)." The MFA also says that "ISM members take an active part in illegal and violent actions against IDF soldiers. At times, their activity in Judea, Samaria and the Gaza Strip is under the auspices of Palestinian terrorist organizations, and that sometimes, "ISM members, who seek entry into Israel, often do so under false pretenses, via cover stories – entry for matrimonial, tourist, religious and other purposes – which they coordinate prior to arriving in Israel."<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, ISM reports that visitors at the border who identify as ISM volunteers, almost always will be denied entry by the Israeli border control.<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Shadi_Sukiya_case">Shadi Sukiya case</h3></div> <p>On March 27, 2003, <a href="/wiki/Palestinian_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Palestinian people">Palestinian</a> <a href="/wiki/Shadi_Sukiya" title="Shadi Sukiya">Shadi Sukiya</a> was arrested in by the <a href="/wiki/Israel_Defense_Forces" title="Israel Defense Forces">Israel Defense Forces</a> in ISM <a href="/wiki/Jenin" title="Jenin">Jenin</a>. The Israeli government claimed that Sukiya was a senior <a href="/wiki/Palestinian_Islamic_Jihad" title="Palestinian Islamic Jihad">Islamic Jihad</a> member, and that he was aided by two ISM activists.<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Both parties stated that Sukiya arrived at the ISM's office as he was being pursued through the streets of Jenin by IDF soldiers during an Israeli-imposed curfew. According to the ISM's account, he had been going door to door looking for a place to go, arrived at the building (which is also used by the <a href="/wiki/Red_Cross" class="mw-redirect" title="Red Cross">Red Cross</a> and <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9decins_Sans_Fronti%C3%A8res" title="Médecins Sans Frontières">Medecins Sans Frontieres</a>) cold and wet, and was offered a chance to dry and warm up by an ISM volunteer. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Israel_Defense_Forces" title="Israel Defense Forces">IDF</a> originally suggested that two <a href="/wiki/AK-47" title="AK-47">Kalashnikov</a> <a href="/wiki/Assault_rifle" title="Assault rifle">assault rifles</a> and a handgun were found on the premises, but subsequently backtracked on the allegation. </p><p>In May 2003, <a href="/wiki/Adam_Shapiro_(activist)" title="Adam Shapiro (activist)">Adam Shapiro</a> from ISM stated that Sukiya was not named a "senior Islamic Jihad terrorist" by any official Israeli military or government source, and was being held in administrative detention in Israel without any charge. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ties_with_Palestinian_militants">Ties with Palestinian militants</h3></div> <p>The Israeli government asserted ISM activist Susan Barclay had "ties with Palestinian terrorist groups". She stated she worked with representatives of <a href="/wiki/Hamas" title="Hamas">Hamas</a> and <a href="/wiki/Islamic_Jihad_Movement_in_Palestine" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamic Jihad Movement in Palestine">Islamic Jihad</a> in organising a nonviolent protest.<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to Israeli sources ISM activist maintain ties with "Palestinian terrorists", aiding them, disrupting IDF activities and in some instance even attacked IDF soldiers.<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dd>"Israel says that the connection between ISM activists to Palestinian terrorists is not merely sleeping in terrorists' houses. According to Israel Security Service (<a href="/wiki/Shin-Bet" class="mw-redirect" title="Shin-Bet">Shin-Bet</a>), some of the activists maintain connections with terrorists, and act to disrupt IDF operations in the territories. In one case ISM activists exposed an ambush set by the IDF after lighting on it with flashlights. In July, two ISM activists attacked soldiers in Beit-Pourik checkpoint. IDF officer tells that in several cases ISM activists opened routes to Palestinians by going first to check if there is a military checkpoint in the way."<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> <p>Richard David Hupper, an ISM activist, was convicted in a <a href="/wiki/United_States_of_America" class="mw-redirect" title="United States of America">USA</a> court of illegally funding <a href="/wiki/Hamas" title="Hamas">Hamas</a> while working with the ISM. Hupper donated money which he intended to be used to aid the families of Palestinians who had been detained or killed.<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Israeli_court_ruling">Israeli court ruling</h3></div> <p>In 2012, Israeli <a href="/wiki/Judge" title="Judge">judge</a> Oded Gershon ruled about the ISM that "In fact, the organization abuses human rights and morals discourse to blur the severity of its actions which manifested de facto as violence."<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He also ruled that ISM activists provided financial, logistic and moral aid to terrorists.<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Osama_Qashoo" title="Osama Qashoo">Osama Qashoo</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://palsolidarity.org/2014/07/wounded-man-killed-by-israeli-sniper-on-camera-identified/">"Wounded man killed by Israeli sniper on camera identified"</a>. 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London<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-08-04</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Telegraph&rft.atitle=The+%27peace%27+group+that+embraces+violence&rft.date=2004-01-15&rft.aulast=Harnden&rft.aufirst=Toby&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworldnews%2Fmiddleeast%2Fisrael%2F1451730%2FThe-peace-group-that-embraces-violence.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Solidarity+Movement" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://palsolidarity.org/about/faq#support">"Does the ISM support suicide bombers and terrorists?"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(<a href="/wiki/FAQ" title="FAQ">FAQ</a>)</span>. International Solidarity Movement.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Does+the+ISM+support+suicide+bombers+and+terrorists%3F&rft.pub=International+Solidarity+Movement&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpalsolidarity.org%2Fabout%2Ffaq%23support&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Solidarity+Movement" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://transcripts.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0205/10/ltm.08.html">Interview with Adam Shapiro, Huwaida Arraf, Activists</a> (May 10, 2002)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ca.news.yahoo.com/s/08082006/6/n-world-activists-trickle-lebanon-protest-israel-war.html">Activists trickle to Lebanon to protest Israel war</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060818120706/http://ca.news.yahoo.com/s/08082006/6/n-world-activists-trickle-lebanon-protest-israel-war.html">Archived</a> 2006-08-18 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> (via <a href="/wiki/Yahoo!" class="mw-redirect" title="Yahoo!">Yahoo!</a> News)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20041020204024/http://pulsetc.com/article.php?sid=448">"Canadian MP nominates ISM for Nobel Peace Prize"</a>. <i>Pulse of the Twin Cities</i>. 2003-05-14. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pulsetc.com/article.php?sid=448">the original</a> on 2004-10-20<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-11-25</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pulse+of+the+Twin+Cities&rft.atitle=Canadian+MP+nominates+ISM+for+Nobel+Peace+Prize&rft.date=2003-05-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpulsetc.com%2Farticle.php%3Fsid%3D448&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Solidarity+Movement" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070929084150/http://tikkun.org/rabbi_lerner/news_item.2006-02-10.9950394421">"Jeff Halper nominated for 2006 Nobel Peace Prize"</a>. <i>Tikkun</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tikkun.org/rabbi_lerner/news_item.2006-02-10.9950394421">the original</a> on 2007-09-29<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-04-20</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Tikkun&rft.atitle=Jeff+Halper+nominated+for+2006+Nobel+Peace+Prize&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftikkun.org%2Frabbi_lerner%2Fnews_item.2006-02-10.9950394421&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Solidarity+Movement" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080429220650/http://www.afsc.org/news/2006/nobel-nomination.htm">"AFSC's nomination for 2006 Nobel Peace Prize: Ghassan Andoni and Jeff Halpern"</a> (Press release). American Friends Service Committee. 15 February 2006. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.afsc.org/news/2006/nobel-nomination.htm">the original</a> on 29 April 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-04-20</span></span>. <q>The American Friends Service Committee (AFSC), a Quaker social justice organization, has nominated two candidates for the 2006 Nobel Peace Prize: Jeff Halper, an Israeli Jew and Ghassan Andoni, a Palestinian Christian from the Occupied Palestinian Territories.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=AFSC%27s+nomination+for+2006+Nobel+Peace+Prize%3A+Ghassan+Andoni+and+Jeff+Halpern&rft.pub=American+Friends+Service+Committee&rft.date=2006-02-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.afsc.org%2Fnews%2F2006%2Fnobel-nomination.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Solidarity+Movement" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091027032447/http://geocities.com/hardyfilm/">Jeremy Hardy vs the Israeli Army</a></i> (documentary)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Archived at <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/ZfleAMfn2G4">Ghostarchive</a> and the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140102114651/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZfleAMfn2G4&gl=US&hl=en">Wayback Machine</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation audio-visual cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZfleAMfn2G4"><i>Jeremy Hardy vs The Israeli Army Trailer</i></a>. 30 May 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 April</span> 2016</span> – via YouTube.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Jeremy+Hardy+vs+The+Israeli+Army+Trailer&rft.date=2010-05-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DZfleAMfn2G4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Solidarity+Movement" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20030421035013/http://www.time.com/time/europe/hero/caoimhebutterly.html">"She Took a Bullet for Peace" TIMEeurope Magazine | Heroes 2003 – Activists</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/suffolk/4521694.stm">Sniper target laser 'fell on man'</a> BBC 12th December 2005.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2004/jan/10/comment">What price a life? The Israeli army shot my son</a> <i>Guardian</i> 10 January 2004.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/middle_east/article5636487.ece">Family of cameraman killed by Israel army accepts £1.5m payout</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged September 2024">dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup> <i>The Times</i>, 2nd Feb 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-palsolidarity.org-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-palsolidarity.org_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFISM_Media_Group2007" class="citation web cs1">ISM Media Group (7 September 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.palsolidarity.org/main/2007/09/07/ism-member-akram-killed-during-clashes-in-jenin">"ISM-Member Akram killed during clashes in Jenin"</a>. International Solidarity Movement<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 April</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=ISM-Member+Akram+killed+during+clashes+in+Jenin&rft.pub=International+Solidarity+Movement&rft.date=2007-09-07&rft.au=ISM+Media+Group&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.palsolidarity.org%2Fmain%2F2007%2F09%2F07%2Fism-member-akram-killed-during-clashes-in-jenin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Solidarity+Movement" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://fr.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?cid=1236764180001&pagename=JPost/JPArticle/ShowFull">US demonstrator critically injured at West Bank protest</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged October 2017">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup>, <i><a href="/wiki/Jerusalem_Post" class="mw-redirect" title="Jerusalem Post">Jerusalem Post</a></i>, March 13, 2009</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceA-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_25-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_25-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://palsolidarity.org/2009/03/5324">American citizen critically injured after being shot in the head by Israeli forces in Ni'lin</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090314115213/http://palsolidarity.org/2009/03/5324">Archived</a> 2009-03-14 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-insidebayarea.com-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-insidebayarea.com_26-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-insidebayarea.com_26-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKristin_Bender_and_Josh_Richman_Oakland_Tribune2009" class="citation web cs1">Kristin Bender and Josh Richman Oakland Tribune (13 March 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.insidebayarea.com/oaklandtribune/ci_11907109">"Oakland man critically wounded in clash with Israeli military"</a>. <i>East Bay Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 April</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=East+Bay+Times&rft.atitle=Oakland+man+critically+wounded+in+clash+with+Israeli+military&rft.date=2009-03-13&rft.au=Kristin+Bender+and+Josh+Richman+Oakland+Tribune&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.insidebayarea.com%2Foaklandtribune%2Fci_11907109&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Solidarity+Movement" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-sfgate.com-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-sfgate.com_27-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sfgate.com_27-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2009/03/13/BAQ316F0PT.DTL&tsp=1">SF Gate: Ex-Cal tree-sitter hurt in West Bank protest</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-mercurynews.com-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-mercurynews.com_28-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mercurynews.com_28-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBay_City_News_Service2009" class="citation web cs1">Bay City News Service (16 March 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mercurynews.com/breakingnews/ci_11921373">"Rally planned for Berkeley tree-sitter injured in West Bank protest"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 April</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Rally+planned+for+Berkeley+tree-sitter+injured+in+West+Bank+protest&rft.date=2009-03-16&rft.au=Bay+City+News+Service&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mercurynews.com%2Fbreakingnews%2Fci_11921373&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Solidarity+Movement" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-dailycal.org-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-dailycal.org_29-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-dailycal.org_29-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100725102435/http://www.dailycal.org/article/104844/former_uc_berkeley_tree-sitter_injured_in_west_ban">"Former UC Berkeley Tree-Sitter Injured in West Bank"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dailycal.org/article/104844/former_uc_berkeley_tree-sitter_injured_in_west_ban">the original</a> on 25 July 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 April</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Former+UC+Berkeley+Tree-Sitter+Injured+in+West+Bank&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dailycal.org%2Farticle%2F104844%2Fformer_uc_berkeley_tree-sitter_injured_in_west_ban&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Solidarity+Movement" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-google.com-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-google.com_30-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-google.com_30-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090319124423/http://www.google.com/hostednews/ap/article/ALeqM5jedDil1847gWxgS-udcQLIgDxrFgD96TQI8O0">AP: American wounded by Israeli troops has surgery</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-democracynow.org-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-democracynow.org_31-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-democracynow.org_31-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.democracynow.org/2009/3/16/us_consul_general_says_awaiting_israeli">"US Consul General Says Awaiting Israeli Report on IDF Shooting of American Citizen"</a>. <i>Democracy Now!</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 April</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Democracy+Now%21&rft.atitle=US+Consul+General+Says+Awaiting+Israeli+Report+on+IDF+Shooting+of+American+Citizen&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.democracynow.org%2F2009%2F3%2F16%2Fus_consul_general_says_awaiting_israeli&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Solidarity+Movement" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://palsolidarity.org/2010/04/two-palestinians-and-an-international-activist-shot-with-live-ammunition-at-a-non-violent-demonstration-against-the-buffer-zone-in-gaza/">"Israeli forces shoot unarmed demonstrators in Gazan 'buffer zone'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. International Solidarity Movement. 24 April 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 April</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Israeli+forces+shoot+unarmed+demonstrators+in+Gazan+%27buffer+zone%27&rft.pub=International+Solidarity+Movement&rft.date=2010-04-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpalsolidarity.org%2F2010%2F04%2Ftwo-palestinians-and-an-international-activist-shot-with-live-ammunition-at-a-non-violent-demonstration-against-the-buffer-zone-in-gaza%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Solidarity+Movement" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.haaretz.com/news/malta-protests-to-israel-over-shooting-of-national-in-gaza-1.284847">"Malta Protests to Israel Over Shooting of National in Gaza"</a>. <i>Haaretz</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 April</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Haaretz&rft.atitle=Malta+Protests+to+Israel+Over+Shooting+of+National+in+Gaza&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.haaretz.com%2Fnews%2Fmalta-protests-to-israel-over-shooting-of-national-in-gaza-1.284847&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Solidarity+Movement" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100605034355/http://www.google.com/hostednews/ap/article/ALeqM5hkRx0N5aDIQc9V-dua0zuHm1JoqwD9G2P00O0">American hit in anti-Israeli protest loses eye</a> <a href="/wiki/The_Associated_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="The Associated Press">The Associated Press</a>, June 1, 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://palsolidarity.org/2010/05/us-activist-loses-eye-after-being-shot-in-face-with-tear-gas-canister/">[1]</a> International Solidarity Movement, June 1, 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-theweek.co.uk-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-theweek.co.uk_36-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-theweek.co.uk_36-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141204110729/http://www.theweek.co.uk/politics/6197/why-would-anyone-want-kill-vittorio-arrigoni">"Why would anyone want to kill Vittorio Arrigoni?"</a>. <i>The Week UK</i>. 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Jewish activist held as security threat in Israel</a> (via <i><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Chronicle" title="San Francisco Chronicle">San Francisco Chronicle</a></i>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Haifa_verdict-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Haifa_verdict_41-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFriedman,_Matti2012" class="citation web cs1">Friedman, Matti (August 28, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.timesofisrael.com/rachel-corries-death-ruled-accidental-by-haifa-high-court/">"Haifa District Court rejects damages claim in Rachel Corrie case"</a>. <i>The Times of Israel</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 10,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Huffington+Post&rft.atitle=ISIS+Claims+Female+American+Hostage+Kayla+Jean+Mueller+Was+Killed+In+Jordanian+Airstrike&rft.date=2015-02-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.com%2F2015%2F02%2F06%2Fkayla-jean-mueller-dead-isis_n_6630996.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Solidarity+Movement" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2015/02/11/world/middleeast/parents-of-kayla-mueller-isis-hostage-confirm-she-is-dead.html">"Proof of Death in Hand, Family Honors Hostage", <i>New York Times</i></a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cbsnews.com/news/kayla-jean-mueller-american-isis-hostage-is-dead-family-confirms/">"Kayla Jean Mueller, American ISIS hostage, is dead, family confirms"</a>. <i>CBS News</i>. February 10, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 10,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CBS+News&rft.atitle=Kayla+Jean+Mueller%2C+American+ISIS+hostage%2C+is+dead%2C+family+confirms&rft.date=2015-02-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbsnews.com%2Fnews%2Fkayla-jean-mueller-american-isis-hostage-is-dead-family-confirms%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Solidarity+Movement" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAshley_Fantz,_Pamela_Brown_and_Jason_Hanna2015" class="citation web cs1">Ashley Fantz, Pamela Brown and Jason Hanna (February 10, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cnn.com/2015/02/10/world/isis-hostage-mueller/index.html">"American ISIS hostage Kayla Mueller dead, family says"</a>. CNN<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 10,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=American+ISIS+hostage+Kayla+Mueller+dead%2C+family+says&rft.pub=CNN&rft.date=2015-02-10&rft.au=Ashley+Fantz%2C+Pamela+Brown+and+Jason+Hanna&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2015%2F02%2F10%2Fworld%2Fisis-hostage-mueller%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Solidarity+Movement" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mfa.gov.il/MFA/Government/Communiques/2003/Details+of+April+30-+2003+Tel+Aviv+suicide+bombing.htm">"Details of April 30- 2003 Tel Aviv suicide bombing-3-Jun-2003"</a>. <i>GxMSDev</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 April</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=GxMSDev&rft.atitle=Details+of+April+30-+2003+Tel+Aviv+suicide+bombing-3-Jun-2003&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mfa.gov.il%2FMFA%2FGovernment%2FCommuniques%2F2003%2FDetails%2Bof%2BApril%2B30-%2B2003%2BTel%2BAviv%2Bsuicide%2Bbombing.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Solidarity+Movement" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFISM_Media_Group" class="citation web cs1">ISM Media Group. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://palsolidarity.org/join/travel/">"Travel Information & Tips"</a>. International Solidarity Movement<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 April</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Travel+Information+%26+Tips&rft.pub=International+Solidarity+Movement&rft.au=ISM+Media+Group&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpalsolidarity.org%2Fjoin%2Ftravel%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Solidarity+Movement" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mfa.gov.il/MFA/Government/Communiques/2003/Senior%20Islamic%20Jihad%20terrorist%20arrested%20while%20hidi">"2BackToHomePage3"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 April</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2BackToHomePage3&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mfa.gov.il%2FMFA%2FGovernment%2FCommuniques%2F2003%2FSenior%2520Islamic%2520Jihad%2520terrorist%2520arrested%2520while%2520hidi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Solidarity+Movement" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ynet.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-2525513,00.html">"ynet ג'נין: המבוקש נעצר כשהסתתר במשרד של ארגון בינלאומי – חדשות"</a>. <i>Ynet</i>. Ynet.co.il. 1995-06-20<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-11-25</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ynet&rft.atitle=ynet+%D7%92%27%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%9F%3A+%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%91%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%A9+%D7%A0%D7%A2%D7%A6%D7%A8+%D7%9B%D7%A9%D7%94%D7%A1%D7%AA%D7%AA%D7%A8+%D7%91%D7%9E%D7%A9%D7%A8%D7%93+%D7%A9%D7%9C+%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%92%D7%95%D7%9F+%D7%91%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%99+%E2%80%93+%D7%97%D7%93%D7%A9%D7%95%D7%AA&rft.date=1995-06-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ynet.co.il%2Farticles%2F0%2C7340%2CL-2525513%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Solidarity+Movement" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Sam Skolnik, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.seattlepi.com/local/113302_shield20.shtml">Activist's death focuses spotlight on Mideast struggle</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Seattle_Post-Intelligencer" title="Seattle Post-Intelligencer">Seattle Post-Intelligencer</a></i>, March 20, 2003</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Amit Cohen, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nrg.co.il/online/1/ART/792/892.html">ממערב תיפתח הרעה</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nrg_Maariv" class="mw-redirect" title="Nrg Maariv">nrg Maariv</a>, June 10, 2010 (Hebrew)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Hebrew source: בישראל אומרים שהקשר בין אנשי ה-ISM לגורמי טרור פלשתיניים אינו מסתכם בלינה בבתי מחבלים. לטענת השב"כ, חלק מאנשי הארגון מקיימים קשרים עם פעילי טרור, ופועלים לשיבוש פעילות צה"ל בשטחים. באחד המקרים חשפו פעילי ISM מארב של צה"ל, לאחר שהאירו עליו בפנסים. בחודש יולי תקפו שני פעילים חיילים של צה"ל במחסום בית-פוריק. קצין צה"ל מספר שבמספר מקרים פעילי ISM "פתחו ציר" בשביל הפלשתינים, כלומר: הלכו ראשונים ובדקו אם יש מחסומי צבא בהמשך הדרך. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nrg.co.il/online/1/ART/792/892.html">ממערב תיפתח הרעה</a>, <i>Maariv</i> 2010</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.adl.org/main_Terrorism/richard_hupper_sentenced.htm">Pennsylvania Man Sentenced for Aiding Hamas</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131004234429/http://archive.adl.org/main_Terrorism/richard_hupper_sentenced.htm">Archived</a> 2013-10-04 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, August 22, 2008</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hebrew source (Ynet, 28.8.2012): "למעשה, הארגון מנצל לרעה את השימוש בשיח זכויות האדם והמוסריות כדי לטשטש את חומרת מעשיו המתבטאים באלימות בפועל".</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ynet.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-4273823,00.html">Report in Ynet</a> (in Hebrew), 28.8.2012</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4273862,00.html">Report in Ynet</a> (in English), 28.8.2012</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGhassan_AndoniHuwaida_ArrafNicholas_BlincoeHussein_Khalili2004" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Ghassan_Andoni" title="Ghassan Andoni">Ghassan Andoni</a>; <a href="/wiki/Huwaida_Arraf" title="Huwaida Arraf">Huwaida Arraf</a>; <a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Blincoe" title="Nicholas Blincoe">Nicholas Blincoe</a>; Hussein Khalili; Marissa McLaughlin; Radhika Sainath; Josie Sandercock, eds. (2004). <i>Peace Under Fire: Israel, Palestine and the International Solidarity Movement</i>. Verso. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781844675012" title="Special:BookSources/9781844675012"><bdi>9781844675012</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Peace+Under+Fire%3A+Israel%2C+Palestine+and+the+International+Solidarity+Movement&rft.pub=Verso&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=9781844675012&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Solidarity+Movement" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div 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href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:International_Solidarity_Movement" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:International Solidarity Movement">International Solidarity Movement</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.palsolidarity.org">Official website</a></span></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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