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Review the information below for assistance if you do not believe that you have done anything wrong.<div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div><div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div> <p>This block affects editing on all Wikimedia wikis. </p><p>The IP address or range 8.222.128.0/17 has been globally <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Blocking_policy" title="Wikipedia:Blocking policy">blocked</a> by <a href="/wiki/User:Jon_Kolbert" title="User:Jon Kolbert">‪Jon Kolbert‬</a> for the following reason(s): </p> <div style="padding:10px; background:var(--background-color-base, white); color:inherit; border:1px #666 solid;"> <p><a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/NOP" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/NOP">Open proxy/Webhost</a>: See the <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WM:OP/H" class="extiw" title="m:WM:OP/H">help page</a> if you are affected </p> </div> <p>This block will expire on 15:12, 27 August 2028. Your current IP address is 8.222.208.146. </p> <div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div><div style="font-size: 16px;"> <p>Even while globally blocked, you will <i>usually</i> still be able to edit pages on <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="m:">Meta-Wiki</a>. </p> </div> <div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div><div style="font-size: 16px;"> <p>If you believe you were blocked by mistake, you can find additional information and instructions in the <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Stewards/Wizard" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/Stewards/Wizard">Stewards Block Wizard</a>. </p> </div> <p>Other useful links: <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_blocks" class="extiw" title="m:Global blocks">Global blocks</a> · <a href="/wiki/Help:I_have_been_blocked" title="Help:I have been blocked">Help:I have been blocked</a> </p> </div></li></ul><hr /> <div id="viewsourcetext">You can view and copy the source of this page:</div><textarea readonly="" accesskey="," id="wpTextbox1" cols="80" rows="25" style="" class="mw-editfont-monospace" lang="en" dir="ltr" name="wpTextbox1">==Kings of the Franks/Holy Roman Empire== {| class="wikitable sortable collapsible" style="width:100%" ! width="*" | Appointer ! width="*" | Pope ! width="*" | Pontificate ! width="50%" | Notes |- |[[Charlemagne]]* |[[Pope Leo III|Leo III]] |December 26, 795 – June 12, 816 |"Pope Adrian died in 795 and Leo III was chosen to fill his place. This election Charlemagne confirmed, sending [[Angilbert|Angilbert, Abbot of St. Regnier]], to Rome to carry to the new Pope admonitions about the proper filling of his office."<ref>Landone, Brown. 1917. ''[https://books.google.com/books/pdf/Civilization.pdf?id=4UoQAAAAYAAJ&output=pdf&sig=ACfU3U2_o_wIRuqiRA_yVr_bny13PuzWsw Civilization: An Appreciation of the Victories of Scholarship, Science and Art]''. I. Squire. p. 102.</ref><br>"He was elected on the very day his predecessor was buried (26 Dec., 795), and consecrated on the following day. It is quite possible that this haste may have been due to a desire on the part of the Romans to anticipate any interference of the Franks with their freedom of election."<ref>{{Cite CE1913|wstitle=Pope Leo III}}</ref> |- ! rowspan=4 |[[Louis the Pious]]* |[[Pope Stephen IV|Stephen IV]] |June 12, 816 – January 24, 817 |"[...] he was elected pope and consecrated immediately after Leo's death, about 22 June, 816. He at once caused the Romans to take an oath to the Emperor Louis the Pious as their [[Suzerainty|suzerain]], and he sent notice of his election to him. He then went to France and crowned Louis."<ref>{{Cite CE1913|wstitle=Pope Stephen (IV) V}}</ref> |- |[[Pope Paschal I|Paschal I]] |January 25, 817 – February 11, 824 |"On the death of Stephen IV (24 January, 817) Paschal was unanimously chosen as his successor. On the following day he was consecrated and enthroned. He entered into relations with Emperor Louis, sending him several ambassadors in rapid succession. In 817 he received from the emperor a document, "Pactum Ludovicianum", confirming the rights and possessions of the Holy See. This document with later amendments is still extant [...]"<ref>{{Cite CE1913|wstitle=Pope Paschal I}}</ref> |- |[[Pope Eugene II|Eugene II]] |May 8, 824 – August 827 |"[...] Pascal I [...] had turned for support to the Frankish power. [...] nobles [...] secured the consecration of Eugene [...] The election of Eugene II was a triumph for the Franks [...] Emperor Louis the Pious accordingly sent his son Lothair to Rome to strengthen the Frankish influence. [...] A concordat or constitution was then agreed upon between the pope and the emperor (824). [...] By command of the pope and Lothair the people had to swear that, saving the fidelity they had promised the pope, they would obey the Emperors Louis and Lothair; [...] and would not suffer the pope-elect to be consecrated save in the presence of the emperor's envoys."<ref>{{Cite CE1913|wstitle=Pope Eugene II}}</ref> |- |[[Pope Gregory IV|Gregory IV]] |827 – January 844 |"This man [...] was raised to the chair of Peter [...] mainly by the instrumentality of the secular nobility of Rome who were then securing a preponderating influence in papal elections. But the representatives in Rome of the Emperor Louis the Pious would not allow him to be consecrated until his election had been approved by their master. This interference caused such delay that it was not, seemingly, till about March, 828, that he began to govern the Church."<ref>{{Cite CE1913|wstitle=Pope Gregory IV}}</ref> |- |''None'' |[[Pope Sergius II|Sergius II]] |January 844 – January 7, 847 |"As Sergius was, after a disputed election, consecrated without any reference to the [[Lothair I|Emperor Lothaire]], the latter was indignant, and sent [[Louis II of Italy|his son Louis]] with an army to examine into the validity of the election. But Sergius succeeded in pacifying Louis, whom he crowned king, but to whom he would not take an oath of fealty."<ref>{{Cite CE1913|wstitle=Pope Sergius II}}</ref> |- |''None'' |[[Pope Leo IV|Leo IV]] |January 847 – July 17, 855 |"[...] he was consecrated (10 April, 847) without the consent of the emperor."<ref>{{Cite CE1913|wstitle=Pope Leo IV}}</ref> |- |''None''* |[[Pope Benedict III|Benedict III]] |855 – April 7, 858 |"On the death of Leo IV (17 July, 855) Benedict was chosen to succeed him, and envoys were despatched to secure the ratification of the decree of election by the Emperors Lothaire and Louis II. But the legates betrayed their trust and allowed themselves to be influenced in favour of the [[Anastasius Bibliothecarius|ambitious and excommunicated Cardinal Anastasius]]. The imperial missi, gained over in turn by them, endeavoured to force Anastasius on the Roman Church."<ref>{{Cite CE1913|wstitle=Pope Benedict III}}</ref> |- |[[Louis II of Italy]] |[[Pope Nicholas I|Nicholas I]] |April 24, 858 – November 13, 867 |<ref>Hill, 1905, p. 161.</ref><br>"In 858 Louis had come to Rome for the Easter celebrations; he had already begun his return journey, when he was greeted with the news of Pope Benedict's demise (17 April). He immediately went back to Rome, and by his influence decided the election of the deacon Nicholas. The clergy were in favour of another candidate, but as the emperor's choice had fallen on a man of worth, the election was confirmed without much ado."<ref>Duchesne, Louis. 1907. ''[https://books.google.com/books/pdf/The_Beginnings_of_the_Temporal_Sovereign.pdf?id=BiRuqszCjf8C&output=pdf&sig=ACfU3U0NsU5z8xwiJCPZ17ApPrwe6eFJHQ The Beginnings of the Temporal Sovereignty of the Popes: A. D. 754-1073]''. K. Paul, Trench, Trübner & co., ltd. p. 155.</ref><br>"After Benedict's death (7 April, 858) the Emperor Louis II, who was in the neighbourhood of Rome, came into the city to exert his influence upon the election. On 24 April Nicholas was elected pope, and on the same day was consecrated and enthroned in St. Peter's in the presence of the emperor."<ref>{{Cite CE1913|wstitle=Pope St. Nicholas I}}</ref> |- |''Unknown'' |[[Pope Adrian II|Adrian II]] |December 14, 867 – December 14, 872 |"He strove to maintain peace among the greedy and incompetent descendants of [[Charlemagne]]."<ref>{{Cite CE1913|wstitle=Pope Adrian II}}</ref> |- |''None''* |[[Pope Marinus I|Marinus I]] |December 16, 882 – May 15, 884 |"There is reason for believing that Marinus I was elected on the very day of the death of John VIII (16 Dec., 882), and that he was consecrated without waiting for the consent of the incompetent emperor, [[Charles the Fat]]."<ref>{{Cite CE1913|wstitle=Pope Marinus I}}</ref> |- |''None'' |[[Pope Stephen V|Stephen V]] |885 – September 14, 891 |"He was consecrated in September, 885, without waiting for the imperial confirmation; but when [[Charles the Fat]] found with what unanimity he had been elected he let the matter rest."<ref>{{Cite CE1913|wstitle=Pope Stephen (V) VI}}</ref> |- ! rowspan=2 |[[Lambert II of Spoleto]]* |[[Pope Romanus|Romanus]] |August 897 – November 897 |"His coins bear the name of the Emperor Lambert, and his own monogram with 'Scs. Petrus'"<ref>{{Cite CE1913|wstitle=Pope Romanus}}</ref> |- |[[Pope John IX|John IX]] |January 898 – January 900 |"At this period factions filled the city of Rome, and one of them tried to force their candidate, Sergius, afterwards Sergius III, on the papal throne in opposition to John. Perhaps because he was favoured by the ducal House of Spoleto, John was able to maintain his position, and Sergius was driven from the city and excommunicated. [...] The Synod of Rome [...] decided that the pope-elect was not to be consecrated except in the presence of the imperial envoys."<ref>{{Cite CE1913|wstitle=Pope John IX}}</ref> |- |''Unknown'' |[[Pope Leo V|Leo V]] |July 903 – September 903 |"Very little is known of him. 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