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Tersedia dalam 30 bahasa" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-30" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">30 bahasa</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%82%D8%A9_%D8%AD%D8%B1%D8%A9_%D8%AB%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="طاقة حرة ثرموديناميكية – Arab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="طاقة حرة ثرموديناميكية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enerx%C3%ADa_llibre_termodin%C3%A1mica" title="Enerxía llibre termodinámica – Asturia" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Enerxía llibre termodinámica" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energi_bebas_termodinamika" title="Energi bebas termodinamika – Indonesia" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Energi bebas termodinamika" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Вольная энэргія – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Вольная энэргія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energia_lliure_termodin%C3%A0mica" title="Energia lliure termodinàmica – Catalonia" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Energia lliure termodinàmica" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermodynamic_free_energy" title="Thermodynamic free energy – Inggeris" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Thermodynamic free energy" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Inggeris" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energ%C3%ADa_libre_termodin%C3%A1mica" title="Energía libre termodinámica – Sepanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Energía libre termodinámica" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Sepanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libera_energio" title="Libera energio – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Libera energio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B1%DA%98%DB%8C_%D8%A2%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%AF_%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%88%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C" title="انرژی آزاد ترمودینامیکی – Parsi" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="انرژی آزاد ترمودینامیکی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Parsi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%97%B4%EC%97%AD%ED%95%99%EC%A0%81_%EC%9E%90%EC%9C%A0_%EC%97%90%EB%84%88%EC%A7%80" title="열역학적 자유 에너지 – Korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="열역학적 자유 에너지" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%A6%D5%A1%D5%BF_%D5%A7%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A3%D5%AB%D5%A1" title="Ազատ էներգիա – Armenia" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ազատ էներգիա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energia_libera" title="Energia libera – Itali" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Energia libera" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Itali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%A8%D7%92%D7%99%D7%94_%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%AA" title="אנרגיה חופשית – Ibrani" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אנרגיה חופשית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Ibrani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95_%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0_%E0%B4%8A%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%9C%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9C%E0%B4%82" title="താപഗതിക സ്വതന്ത്ര ഊർജ്ജം – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="താപഗതിക സ്വതന്ത്ര ഊർജ്ജം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vrije_energie" title="Vrije energie – Belanda" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Vrije energie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Belanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E3%82%A8%E3%83%8D%E3%83%AB%E3%82%AE%E3%83%BC" title="自由エネルギー – Jepun" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="自由エネルギー" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Jepun" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fri_energi" title="Fri energi – Bokmal Norway" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Fri energi" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Bokmal Norway" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fri_energi" title="Fri energi – Nynorsk Norway" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Fri energi" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Nynorsk Norway" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erkin_energiya" title="Erkin energiya – Uzbekistan" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Erkin energiya" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbekistan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%87_%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%88%DA%89%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C%DA%A9%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B1%DA%98%D9%8A" title="آزاده ترموډینامیکي انرژي – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="آزاده ترموډینامیکي انرژي" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energia_swobodna" title="Energia swobodna – Poland" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Energia swobodna" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Poland" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energia_livre_termodin%C3%A2mica" title="Energia livre termodinâmica – Portugis" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Energia livre termodinâmica" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energie_liber%C4%83" title="Energie liberă – Romania" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Energie liberă" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Свободная энергия – Rusia" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Свободная энергия" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prosta_energija" title="Prosta energija – Slovenia" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Prosta energija" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fri_energi" title="Fri energi – Sweden" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Fri energi" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Sweden" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C" title="พลังงานอิสระทางอุณหพลศาสตร์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="พลังงานอิสระทางอุณหพลศาสตร์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Termodinamik_serbest_enerji" title="Termodinamik serbest enerji – Turki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Termodinamik serbest enerji" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E8%83%BD" title="自由能 – Kantonis" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="自由能" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kantonis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%83%AD%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E8%83%BD" title="热力学自由能 – Cina" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="热力学自由能" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Cina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1146448#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Sunting pautan antara bahasa" class="wbc-editpage">Sunting pautan</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Ruang nama"> <div id="p-associated-pages" 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class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Alatan laman"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Penampilan"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Penampilan</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">alih ke bar sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">sorokkan</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Daripada Wikipedia, ensiklopedia bebas.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Dilencongkan daripada <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenaga_Bebas&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Tenaga Bebas">Tenaga Bebas</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ms" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r6349617">.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.2em;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;border-collapse:collapse;display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:table!important;float:right!important;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em!important}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-subgroup{width:100%;margin:0;border-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-none{float:none;clear:both;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-outer-title{padding:0 0.4em 0.2em;font-size:125%;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-image{padding:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-caption,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle-with-top-image,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-caption{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle{padding:0.4em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output 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3.3em}@media(max-width:720px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks plainlist"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title" style="padding-bottom:0.3em;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;"><a href="/wiki/Termodinamik" title="Termodinamik">Termodinamik</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image" style="display:block;margin:0.3em 0 0.4em;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Enjin_haba_Carnot" title="Enjin haba Carnot"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Carnot_heat_engine_2.svg/220px-Carnot_heat_engine_2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="97" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Carnot_heat_engine_2.svg/330px-Carnot_heat_engine_2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Carnot_heat_engine_2.svg/440px-Carnot_heat_engine_2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="840" data-file-height="370" /></a></span><div class="sidebar-caption"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Enjin_haba_Carnot&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Enjin haba Carnot (laman tidak wujud)">Enjin haba Carnot</a> klasik</div></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#ddf;text-align:center;">Cabang</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Termodinamik" title="Termodinamik">Klasik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mekanik_statistik" title="Mekanik statistik">Statistik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Termodinamik_kimia" title="Termodinamik kimia">Kimia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Termodinamik_kuantum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Termodinamik kuantum (laman tidak wujud)">Kuantum</a></li></ul> </div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Termodinamik_keseimbangan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Termodinamik keseimbangan (laman tidak wujud)">Keseimbangan</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Termodinamik_tak_seimbang&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Termodinamik tak seimbang (laman tidak wujud)">Tak seimbang</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#ddf;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Hukum_termodinamik" title="Hukum termodinamik">Hukum</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hukum_termodinamik_sifar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hukum termodinamik sifar (laman tidak wujud)">Sifar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hukum_termodinamik_pertama" title="Hukum termodinamik pertama">Pertama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hukum_termodinamik_kedua" title="Hukum termodinamik kedua">Kedua</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hukum_termodinamik_ketiga&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hukum termodinamik ketiga (laman tidak wujud)">Ketiga</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#ddf;text-align:center;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sistem_termodinamik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sistem termodinamik (laman tidak wujud)">Sistem</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r6349617"><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks" style="background-color: transparent; border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#eaeaff;font-style:italic;"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Keadaan_termodinamik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Keadaan termodinamik (laman tidak wujud)">Keadaan</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Persamaan_keadaan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Persamaan keadaan (laman tidak wujud)">Persamaan keadaan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gas_unggul" title="Gas unggul">Gas unggul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gas_nyata" title="Gas nyata">Gas nyata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keadaan_jirim" title="Keadaan jirim">Keadaan jirim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keseimbangan_termodinamik" title="Keseimbangan termodinamik">Keseimbangan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isi_padu_kawalan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Isi padu kawalan (laman tidak wujud)">Isi padu kawalan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Radas_termodinamik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Radas termodinamik (laman tidak wujud)">Radas</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#eaeaff;font-style:italic;"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Proses_termodinamik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Proses termodinamik (laman tidak wujud)">Proses</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Proses_isobar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Proses isobar (laman tidak wujud)">Isobar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Proses_isokor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Proses isokor (laman tidak wujud)">Isokor</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Proses_isoterma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Proses isoterma (laman tidak wujud)">Isoterma</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Proses_adiabatik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Proses adiabatik (laman tidak wujud)">Adiabatik</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Proses_isentropi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Proses isentropi (laman tidak wujud)">Isentropi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Proses_isentropi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Proses isentropi (laman tidak wujud)">Isentalpi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Proses_kuasistatik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Proses kuasistatik (laman tidak wujud)">Kuasistatik</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Proses_politropi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Proses politropi (laman tidak wujud)">Politropi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pengembangan_bebas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pengembangan bebas (laman tidak wujud)">Pengembangan bebas</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Proses_berbalik_(termodinamik)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Proses berbalik (termodinamik) (laman tidak wujud)">Berbalik</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Proses_tak_berbalik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Proses tak berbalik (laman tidak wujud)">Tak berbalik</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Termodinamik_endoberbalik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Termodinamik endoberbalik (laman tidak wujud)">Endoberbalik</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#eaeaff;font-style:italic;"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kitaran_termodinamik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kitaran termodinamik (laman tidak wujud)">Kitaran</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Enjin_haba" title="Enjin haba">Enjin haba</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kitaran_pam_haba_dan_penyejukan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kitaran pam haba dan penyejukan (laman tidak wujud)">Pam haba</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kecekapan_terma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kecekapan terma (laman tidak wujud)">Kecekapan terma</a></li></ul></td> </tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#ddf;text-align:center;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Senarai_sifat_termodinamik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Senarai sifat termodinamik (laman tidak wujud)">Sifat sistem</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div style="font-size:90%;padding-bottom:0.2em;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;">Nota: <i>Rencana condong</i> mewakili <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pemboleh_ubah_konjugat_(termodinamik)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pemboleh ubah konjugat (termodinamik) (laman tidak wujud)">Pemboleh ubah konjugat</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r6349617"><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks" style="background-color: transparent; border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none;margin-top:0.4em;"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding-bottom:0.7em;"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rajah_termodinamik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rajah termodinamik (laman tidak wujud)">Rajah sifat</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sifat_intensif_dan_ekstensif&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sifat intensif dan ekstensif (laman tidak wujud)">Sifat intensif dan ekstensif</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#eaeaff;font-style:italic;"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fungsi_proses&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fungsi proses (laman tidak wujud)">Fungsi proses</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding-bottom:0.7em;;padding-bottom:0.4em;"> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kerja_(termodinamik)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kerja (termodinamik) (laman tidak wujud)">Kerja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haba" title="Haba">Haba</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#eaeaff;font-style:italic;"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fungsi_keadaan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fungsi keadaan (laman tidak wujud)">Fungsi keadaan</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding-bottom:0.7em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Suhu_termodinamik" title="Suhu termodinamik">Suhu</a> / <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Entropi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Entropi (laman tidak wujud)">Entropi</a></i> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Pengenalan_entropi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pengenalan entropi (laman tidak wujud)">Pengenalan</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tekanan" title="Tekanan">Tekanan</a> / <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isi_padu_(termodinamik)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Isi padu (termodinamik) (laman tidak wujud)">Isi padu</a></i></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Keupayaan_kimia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Keupayaan kimia (laman tidak wujud)">Keupayaan kimia</a> / <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nombor_zarah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nombor zarah (laman tidak wujud)">Nombor zarah</a></i></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kualiti_wap&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kualiti wap (laman tidak wujud)">Kualiti wap</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sifat_terturun&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sifat terturun (laman tidak wujud)">Sifat terturun</a></li></ul></td> </tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#ddf;text-align:center;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sifat_bahan_(termodinamik)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sifat bahan (termodinamik) (laman tidak wujud)">Sifat bahan</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maklumat_termodinamik_bahan_tulen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maklumat termodinamik bahan tulen (laman tidak wujud)">Maklumat sifat</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#ddf;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Persamaan_termodinamik" title="Persamaan termodinamik">Persamaan</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teori_Carnot_(termodinamik)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teori Carnot (termodinamik) (laman tidak wujud)">Teori Carnot</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teori_Clausius&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teori Clausius (laman tidak wujud)">Teori Clausius</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hubungan_termodinamik_asas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hubungan termodinamik asas (laman tidak wujud)">Hubungan asas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hukum_gas_unggul" title="Hukum gas unggul">Hukum gas unggul</a></li></ul> </div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hubungan_Maxwell&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hubungan Maxwell (laman tidak wujud)">Hubungan Maxwell</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hubungan_salingan_Onsager&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hubungan salingan Onsager (laman tidak wujud)">Hubungan salingan Onsager</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Persamaan_termodinamik_Bridgman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Persamaan termodinamik Bridgman (laman tidak wujud)">Persamaan Bridgman</a></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jaduan_persamaan_termodinamik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jaduan persamaan termodinamik (laman tidak wujud)">Jaduan persamaan termodinamik</a></i></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#ddf;text-align:center;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Keupayaan_termodinamik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Keupayaan termodinamik (laman tidak wujud)">Keupayaan</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Tenaga bebas</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Entropi_bebas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Entropi bebas (laman tidak wujud)">Entropi bebas</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="plainlist"><ul style=""><li style=""> <a href="/wiki/Tenaga_dalaman" title="Tenaga dalaman">Tenaga dalaman</a><br /><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle U(S,V)}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>U</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>S</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>V</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle U(S,V)}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/921f33f9c6551562ec836007b035c2de6323d2d6" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:7.912ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle U(S,V)}"></span> </li><li style=""> <a href="/wiki/Entalpi" title="Entalpi">Entalpi</a><br /><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle H(S,p)=U+pV}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>H</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>S</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>p</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>=</mo> <mi>U</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>p</mi> <mi>V</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle H(S,p)=U+pV}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/6407d78e5f39d07f70e2414a92e08e2e068519f3" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:18.254ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle H(S,p)=U+pV}"></span> </li><li style=""> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenaga_bebas_Helmholtz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tenaga bebas Helmholtz (laman tidak wujud)">Tenaga bebas Helmholtz</a><br /><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle A(T,V)=U-TS}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>A</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>T</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>V</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>=</mo> <mi>U</mi> <mo>−</mo> <mi>T</mi> <mi>S</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle A(T,V)=U-TS}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/5e93692f031ba6484d82731c54db83a69daed3f0" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:18.867ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle A(T,V)=U-TS}"></span> </li><li style=""> <a href="/wiki/Tenaga_bebas_Gibbs" title="Tenaga bebas Gibbs">Tenaga bebas Gibbs</a><br /><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle G(T,p)=H-TS}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>G</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>T</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>p</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>=</mo> <mi>H</mi> <mo>−</mo> <mi>T</mi> <mi>S</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle G(T,p)=H-TS}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/8dd7a8f0b8ae04963da133e3b202432e1b6caed4" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:18.614ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle G(T,p)=H-TS}"></span> </li></ul></div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#ddf;text-align:center;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r5857753">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li 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("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Sejarah</li><li>Budaya</li></ul></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r6349617"><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks" style="background-color: transparent; border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#eaeaff;font-style:italic;"> Sejarah</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sejarah_termodinamik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sejarah termodinamik (laman tidak wujud)">Am</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sejarah_entropi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sejarah entropi (laman tidak wujud)">Entropi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hukum_gas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hukum gas (laman tidak wujud)">Hukum gas</a></li></ul> </div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sejarah_mesin_gerakan_sentiasa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sejarah mesin gerakan sentiasa (laman tidak wujud)">Mesin gerakan sentiasa</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#eaeaff;font-style:italic;"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Falsafah_fizik_terma_dan_statistik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Falsafah fizik terma dan statistik (laman tidak wujud)">Falsafah</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Entropi_(anak_panah_masa)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Entropi (anak panah masa) (laman tidak wujud)">Entropi dan masa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Entropi_dan_kehidupan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Entropi dan kehidupan (laman tidak wujud)">Entropi dan kehidupan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gear_sehala_Brown&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gear sehala Brown (laman tidak wujud)">Gear sehala Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jin_Maxwell&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jin Maxwell (laman tidak wujud)">Jin Maxwell</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paradoks_kematian_haba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paradoks kematian haba (laman tidak wujud)">Paradoks kematian haba</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paradoks_Loschmidt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paradoks Loschmidt (laman tidak wujud)">Paradoks Loschmidt</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Synergetik_(Haken)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Synergetik (Haken) (laman tidak wujud)">Sinergetik</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#eaeaff;font-style:italic;"> Teori</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teori_kalori&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teori kalori (laman tidak wujud)">Teori kalori</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teori_haba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teori haba (laman tidak wujud)">Teori haba</a></li></ul> </div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vis_viva&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vis viva (laman tidak wujud)"><i>Vis viva</i> <span style="font-size:90%;">("daya hidup")</span></a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Padanan_mekanik_bagi_haba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Padanan mekanik bagi haba (laman tidak wujud)">Padanan mekanik bagi haba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuasa_(fizik)" title="Kuasa (fizik)">Kuasa motif</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#eaeaff;font-style:italic;"> Penerbitan-penerbitan</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><div style="padding:0.2em 0.4em; line-height:1.2em;">"<a href="/w/index.php?title=An_Experimental_Enquiry_Concerning_the_Source_of_the_Heat_which_is_Excited_by_Friction&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="An Experimental Enquiry Concerning the Source of the Heat which is Excited by Friction (laman tidak wujud)">An Experimental Enquiry<br />Concerning ... Heat</a>"</div></li> <li><div style="padding:0.2em 0.4em; line-height:1.2em;">"<a href="/w/index.php?title=On_the_Equilibrium_of_Heterogeneous_Substances&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="On the Equilibrium of Heterogeneous Substances (laman tidak wujud)">On the Equilibrium of<br />Heterogeneous Substances</a>"</div></li> <li><div style="padding:0.2em 0.4em; line-height:1.2em;">"<a href="/w/index.php?title=Reflections_on_the_Motive_Power_of_Fire&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Reflections on the Motive Power of Fire (laman tidak wujud)">Reflections on the<br />Motive Power of Fire</a>"</div></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#eaeaff;font-style:italic;"> Garis masa</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Garis_masa_termodinamik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Garis masa termodinamik (laman tidak wujud)">Termodinamik</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Garis_masa_teknologi_enjin_haba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Garis masa teknologi enjin haba (laman tidak wujud)">Enjin haba</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#eaeaff;font-style:italic;"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5857753"><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Seni</li><li>Pendidikan</li></ul></div></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Permukaan_termodinamik_Maxwell&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Permukaan termodinamik Maxwell (laman tidak wujud)">Permukaan termodinamik Maxwell</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Entropi_(sebaran_tenaga)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Entropi (sebaran tenaga) (laman tidak wujud)">Entropi sebagai sebaran tenaga</a></li></ul></td> </tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#ddf;text-align:center;">Ahli sains</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Daniel_Bernoulli&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Daniel Bernoulli (laman tidak wujud)">Bernoulli</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ludwig_Boltzmann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ludwig Boltzmann (laman tidak wujud)">Boltzmann</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nicolas_L%C3%A9onard_Sadi_Carnot&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nicolas Léonard Sadi Carnot (laman tidak wujud)">Carnot</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beno%C3%AEt_Paul_%C3%89mile_Clapeyron&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Benoît Paul Émile Clapeyron (laman tidak wujud)">Clapeyron</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rudolf_Clausius&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rudolf Clausius (laman tidak wujud)">Clausius</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constantin_Carath%C3%A9odory&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Constantin Carathéodory (laman tidak wujud)">Carathéodory</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pierre_Duhem&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pierre Duhem (laman tidak wujud)">Duhem</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Josiah_Willard_Gibbs&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Josiah Willard Gibbs (laman tidak wujud)">Gibbs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermann_von_Helmholtz" title="Hermann von Helmholtz">von Helmholtz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Prescott_Joule" title="James Prescott Joule">Joule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Clerk_Maxwell" title="James Clerk Maxwell">Maxwell</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Julius_von_Mayer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Julius von Mayer (laman tidak wujud)">von Mayer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lars_Onsager" title="Lars Onsager">Onsager</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_John_Macquorn_Rankine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William John Macquorn Rankine (laman tidak wujud)">Rankine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Smeaton" title="John Smeaton">Smeaton</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Georg_Ernst_Stahl&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Georg Ernst Stahl (laman tidak wujud)">Stahl</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benjamin_Thompson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Benjamin Thompson (laman tidak wujud)">Thompson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Thomson,_Baron_Pertama_Kelvin" title="William Thomson, Baron Pertama Kelvin">Thomson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johannes_Diderik_van_der_Waals" title="Johannes Diderik van der Waals">van der Waals</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_James_Waterston&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John James Waterston (laman tidak wujud)">Waterston</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below"> <ul><li><span 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class="nv-bincang"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perbincangan_templat:Termodinamik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perbincangan templat:Termodinamik (laman tidak wujud)"><abbr title="Bincang templat ini">b</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-sunting"><a class="external text" href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Templat:Termodinamik&action=edit"><abbr title="Sunting templat ini">s</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Dalam <a href="/wiki/Termodinamik" title="Termodinamik">termodinamik</a>, <b>tenaga bebas</b> ialah sebahagian daripada jumlah tenaga yang akan digunakan untuk kerja berguna, pada suhu, tekanan dan isipadu yang malar. </p><p>Sekiranya perubahan dalam tenaga bebas bagi tindak balas kurang daripada sifar, maka tindak balas itu dapat berlaku secara spontan ke arah pembentukan hasil. </p><p>Sekiranya perubahan dalam tenaga bebas lebih daripada sifar, maka tindak balas tidak dapat berlaku secara spontan ke arah pembentukan hasil, kecuali dengan kemasukan tenaga untuk menggerakkan tindak balas itu. </p><p>Sekiranya perubahan dalam tenaga bebas adalah seimbang, tindak balas berada dalam <a href="/w/index.php?title=Keseimbangan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Keseimbangan (laman tidak wujud)">keseimbangan</a>. </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Diambil daripada "<a dir="ltr" href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tenaga_bebas_termodinamik&oldid=4736324">https://ms.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tenaga_bebas_termodinamik&oldid=4736324</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Khas:Kategori" title="Khas:Kategori">Kategori</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Kimia" title="Kategori:Kimia">Kimia</a></li><li><a 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