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class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Lloc"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Menú principal" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Menú principal</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Menú principal</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">mou a la barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">amaga</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navegació </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portada" title="Visiteu la pàgina principal [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Portada</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Article_aleatori" title="Carrega una pàgina a l’atzar [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Article a l'atzar</span></a></li><li id="n-Articles-de-qualitat" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Articles_de_qualitat"><span>Articles de qualitat</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Comunitat" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Comunitat" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Comunitat </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Portal" title="Sobre el projecte, què podeu fer, on trobareu les coses"><span>Portal viquipedista</span></a></li><li id="n-Agenda-d'actes" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Trobades"><span>Agenda d'actes</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Canvis_recents" title="Una llista dels canvis recents al wiki [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Canvis recents</span></a></li><li id="n-La-taverna" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:La_taverna"><span>La taverna</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Contacte"><span>Contacte</span></a></li><li id="n-Xat" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Canals_IRC"><span>Xat</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Ajuda" title="El lloc per a saber més coses"><span>Ajuda</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Portada" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Viquipèdia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-ca.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.4375em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="l'Enciclopèdia Lliure" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-ca.svg" width="120" height="14" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.875em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Especial:Cerca" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Cerca a la Viquipèdia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Cerca</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Cerca a Viquipèdia" aria-label="Cerca a Viquipèdia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Cerca a la Viquipèdia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Especial:Cerca"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Cerca</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Eines personals"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aparença"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Aparença" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Aparença</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_ca.wikipedia.org&uselang=ca" class=""><span>Donatius</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Crea_compte&returnto=Fermi%C3%B3" title="Us animem a crear un compte i iniciar una sessió, encara que no és obligatori" class=""><span>Crea un compte</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Registre_i_entrada&returnto=Fermi%C3%B3" title="Us animem a registrar-vos, però no és obligatori [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Inicia la sessió</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Més opcions" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Eines personals" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Eines personals</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Menú d'usuari" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_ca.wikipedia.org&uselang=ca"><span>Donatius</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Crea_compte&returnto=Fermi%C3%B3" title="Us animem a crear un compte i iniciar una sessió, encara que no és obligatori"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Crea un compte</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Registre_i_entrada&returnto=Fermi%C3%B3" title="Us animem a registrar-vos, però no és obligatori [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Inicia la sessió</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pàgines per a editors no registrats <a href="/wiki/Ajuda:Introducci%C3%B3" aria-label="Vegeu més informació sobre l'edició"><span>més informació</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Contribucions_pr%C3%B2pies" title="Una llista de les modificacions fetes des d'aquesta adreça IP [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contribucions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Discussi%C3%B3_personal" title="Discussió sobre les edicions per aquesta adreça ip. [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Discussió per aquest IP</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Lloc"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contingut" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contingut</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">mou a la barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">amaga</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inici</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Fermions_elementals" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fermions_elementals"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Fermions elementals</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Fermions_elementals-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Commuta la subsecció Fermions elementals</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Fermions_elementals-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Fermió_de_Dirac" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fermió_de_Dirac"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Fermió de Dirac</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fermió_de_Dirac-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fermió_de_Majorana" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fermió_de_Majorana"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Fermió de Majorana</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fermió_de_Majorana-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Leptons" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Leptons"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Leptons</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Leptons-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Quarks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Quarks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Quarks</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Quarks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fermions_composts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fermions_composts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Fermions composts</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fermions_composts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referències" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referències"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Referències</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referències-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliofgrafia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliofgrafia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Bibliofgrafia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliofgrafia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contingut" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Commuta la taula de continguts." > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Commuta la taula de continguts.</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Fermió</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vés a un article en una altra llengua. Disponible en 89 llengües" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-89" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">89 llengües</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermion" title="Fermion - afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Fermion" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermi%C3%B3n" title="Fermión - aragonès" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Fermión" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86" title="فرميون - àrab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="فرميون" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="àrab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AB%E0%A6%BE%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%A8" title="ফাৰ্মিয়ন - assamès" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="ফাৰ্মিয়ন" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="assamès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermi%C3%B3n" title="Fermión - asturià" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Fermión" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermiyon" title="Fermiyon - azerbaidjanès" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Fermiyon" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaidjanès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86" title="فرمیون - South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="فرمیون" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermions" title="Fermions - Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Fermions" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%91%D0%BD" title="Ферміён - belarús" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Ферміён" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarús" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Фермион - búlgar" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Фермион" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="búlgar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AB%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%A8" title="ফার্মিয়ন - bengalí" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ফার্মিয়ন" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermion" title="Fermion - bosnià" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Fermion" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosnià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hi%C3%A9-m%C4%AB-c%E1%B9%B3%CC%84" title="Hié-mī-cṳ̄ - Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Hié-mī-cṳ̄" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%DB%8E%D8%B1%D9%85%DB%8C%DB%86%D9%86" title="فێرمیۆن - kurd central" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="فێرمیۆن" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="kurd central" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermion" title="Fermion - txec" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Fermion" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="txec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Фермион - txuvaix" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Фермион" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="txuvaix" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermion" title="Fermion - danès" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Fermion" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermion" title="Fermion - alemany" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Fermion" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemany" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A6%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%BC%CE%B9%CF%8C%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BF" title="Φερμιόνιο - grec" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Φερμιόνιο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermion" title="Fermion - anglès" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Fermion" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermiono" title="Fermiono - esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Fermiono" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermi%C3%B3n" title="Fermión - espanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Fermión" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermionid" title="Fermionid - estonià" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Fermionid" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermioi" title="Fermioi - basc" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Fermioi" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86" title="فرمیون - persa" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="فرمیون" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermioni" title="Fermioni - finès" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Fermioni" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermion" title="Fermion - francès" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Fermion" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermion" title="Fermion - frisó occidental" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Fermion" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="frisó occidental" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feirm%C3%AD%C3%B3n" title="Feirmíón - irlandès" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Feirmíón" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermion" title="Fermion - gaèlic escocès" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Fermion" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="gaèlic escocès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermi%C3%B3n" title="Fermión - gallec" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Fermión" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="gallec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%95%D7%9F" title="פרמיון - hebreu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פרמיון" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%91%E0%A4%A8" title="फर्मिऑन - hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="फर्मिऑन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermion" title="Fermion - croat" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Fermion" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermion" title="Fermion - hongarès" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Fermion" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hongarès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%96%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%B4%D5%AB%D5%B8%D5%B6" title="Ֆերմիոն - armeni" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ֆերմիոն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermion" title="Fermion - interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Fermion" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermion" title="Fermion - indonesi" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Fermion" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermiono" title="Fermiono - ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Fermiono" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferm%C3%ADeind" title="Fermíeind - islandès" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Fermíeind" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermione" title="Fermione - italià" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Fermione" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A7%E3%83%AB%E3%83%9F%E7%B2%92%E5%AD%90" title="フェルミ粒子 - japonès" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="フェルミ粒子" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A4%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="ფერმიონი - georgià" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ფერმიონი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Фермион - kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Фермион" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AB%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D" title="ಫರ್ಮಿಯಾನ್ - kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಫರ್ಮಿಯಾನ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%8E%98%EB%A5%B4%EB%AF%B8%EC%98%A8" title="페르미온 - coreà" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="페르미온" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreà" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Фермион - kirguís" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Фермион" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirguís" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermion" title="Fermion - llatí" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Fermion" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="llatí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermion" title="Fermion - limburguès" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Fermion" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburguès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermionas" title="Fermionas - lituà" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Fermionas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituà" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermioni" title="Fermioni - letó" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Fermioni" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letó" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Пермион - Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Пермион" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Фермион - macedoni" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Фермион" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedoni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AB%E0%B5%86%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%8B%E0%B5%BA" title="ഫെർമിയോൺ - malaiàlam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഫെർമിയോൺ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malaiàlam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Фермион - mongol" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Фермион" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%91%E0%A4%A8" title="फर्मिऑन - marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="फर्मिऑन" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermion" title="Fermion - malai" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Fermion" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%96%E1%80%AC%E1%80%99%E1%80%AE%E1%80%9A%E1%80%BD%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA" title="ဖာမီယွန် - birmà" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဖာမီယွန်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birmà" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermion" title="Fermion - baix alemany" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Fermion" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="baix alemany" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermion" title="Fermion - neerlandès" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Fermion" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermion" title="Fermion - noruec nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Fermion" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="noruec nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermion" title="Fermion - noruec bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Fermion" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="noruec bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermion" title="Fermion - occità" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Fermion" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occità" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AB%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%94%E0%A8%A8" title="ਫ਼ਰਮੀਔਨ - panjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਫ਼ਰਮੀਔਨ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="panjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermiony" title="Fermiony - polonès" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Fermiony" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86" title="فرمیون - Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="فرمیون" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%A9rmion" title="Férmion - portuguès" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Férmion" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portuguès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermion" title="Fermion - romanès" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Fermion" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="romanès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Фермион - rus" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Фермион" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermion" title="Fermion - serbocroat" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Fermion" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbocroat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermion" title="Fermion - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Fermion" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermi%C3%B3n" title="Fermión - eslovac" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Fermión" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="eslovac" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermion" title="Fermion - eslovè" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Fermion" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="eslovè" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Фермиони - serbi" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Фермиони" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermion" title="Fermion - sondanès" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Fermion" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sondanès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermion" title="Fermion - suec" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Fermion" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D" title="பெர்மியான் - tàmil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பெர்மியான்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tàmil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99" title="เฟอร์มิออน - tai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เฟอร์มิออน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermion" title="Fermion - tagal" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Fermion" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermiyon" title="Fermiyon - turc" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Fermiyon" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Фермион - tàtar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Фермион" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tàtar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Ферміон - ucraïnès" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Ферміон" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraïnès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86" title="فرمیون - urdú" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="فرمیون" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdú" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermion" title="Fermion - uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Fermion" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermion" title="Fermion - vietnamita" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Fermion" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamita" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermion" title="Fermion - waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Fermion" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B4%B9%E7%B1%B3%E5%AD%90" title="费米子 - xinès wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="费米子" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="xinès wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B4%B9%E7%B1%B3%E5%AD%90" title="费米子 - xinès" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="费米子" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="xinès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B2%BB%E7%B1%B3%E5%AD%90" title="費米子 - cantonès" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="費米子" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q44363#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifica enllaços interlingües" class="wbc-editpage">Modifica els enllaços</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espais de noms"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" 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href="/wiki/Fitxer:Atom_editor_logo_black.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Infotaula de partícula"><img alt="Infotaula de partícula" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Atom_editor_logo_black.svg/25px-Atom_editor_logo_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Atom_editor_logo_black.svg/38px-Atom_editor_logo_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Atom_editor_logo_black.svg/50px-Atom_editor_logo_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="131" data-file-height="120" /></a></span></span>Fermió</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fitxer:Standard_Model_of_Elementary_Particles.svg&lang=ca" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Standard_Model_of_Elementary_Particles.svg/langca-300px-Standard_Model_of_Elementary_Particles.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="287" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Standard_Model_of_Elementary_Particles.svg/langca-450px-Standard_Model_of_Elementary_Particles.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Standard_Model_of_Elementary_Particles.svg/langca-600px-Standard_Model_of_Elementary_Particles.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1390" data-file-height="1330" /></a></span><div style="font-size:90%;">En aquesta gràfica de les <a href="/wiki/Part%C3%ADcules_elementals" class="mw-redirect" title="Partícules elementals">partícules elementals</a> del <a href="/wiki/Model_est%C3%A0ndard_de_f%C3%ADsica_de_part%C3%ADcules" title="Model estàndard de física de partícules">model estàndard</a>, les tres columnes de més a l'esquerra corresponen als fermions</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;background:#eeeeee;">Classificació</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q28877390" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q28877390">massive quantum particle</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28877390?uselang=ca" title="Tradueix"><img alt="Tradueix" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44363?uselang=ca#P279" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;background:#eeeeee;"><a href="/wiki/Forces_fonamentals" title="Forces fonamentals">Interaccions</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Gravetat" title="Gravetat">gravetat</a> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44363?uselang=ca#P517" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;background:#eeeeee;"><a href="/wiki/Esp%C3%ADn" title="Espín">Espín</a></th><td class="infobox-data">1 <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44363?uselang=ca#P1122" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;background:#eeeeee;"><a href="/wiki/Supersimetria" title="Supersimetria">Supercompanya</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Sfermi%C3%B3" title="Sfermió">sfermió</a> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44363?uselang=ca#P2375" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;background:#eeeeee;"><a href="/wiki/Ep%C3%B2nim" title="Epònim">Epònim</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Enrico_Fermi" title="Enrico Fermi">Enrico Fermi</a> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44363?uselang=ca#P138" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Un <b>fermió</b> és qualsevol <a href="/wiki/Part%C3%ADcula_elemental" title="Partícula elemental">partícula elemental</a> o <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sistema_lligat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sistema lligat (encara no existeix)">sistema lligat</a> que presenta un <a href="/wiki/Esp%C3%ADn" title="Espín">espín</a> semienter i amb un comportament que s'ajusta a l'<a href="/wiki/Estad%C3%ADstica_de_Fermi-Dirac" title="Estadística de Fermi-Dirac">estadística de Fermi-Dirac</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-DoF_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DoF-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Entre els fermions trobem partícules elementals com els <a href="/wiki/Lept%C3%B3" title="Leptó">leptons</a> i els <a href="/wiki/Quark" title="Quark">quarks</a>, entre els sistemes lligats trobem partícules compostes com els <a href="/wiki/Bari%C3%B3" title="Barió">barions</a> o <a href="/wiki/Nucli_at%C3%B2mic" title="Nucli atòmic">nuclis atòmics</a> com en el cas del <a href="/wiki/Triti" title="Triti">triti</a> o l'<a href="/wiki/Heli_3" title="Heli 3">heli 3</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-brit_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-brit-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tota la <a href="/wiki/Mat%C3%A8ria" title="Matèria">matèria</a> està formada per fermions.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBarnettMuehryQuinn200083_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBarnettMuehryQuinn200083-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Els fermions reben el nom en honor del <a href="/wiki/F%C3%ADsic" title="Físic">físic</a> italià <a href="/wiki/Enrico_Fermi" title="Enrico Fermi">Enrico Fermi</a> (1901-1954).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBarnettMuehryQuinn200084_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBarnettMuehryQuinn200084-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>La principal diferència entre els fermions i els <a href="/wiki/Bosons" class="mw-redirect" title="Bosons">bosons</a>, l'altre grup de partícules elementals que conforma el <a href="/wiki/Model_est%C3%A0ndard_de_f%C3%ADsica_de_part%C3%ADcules" title="Model estàndard de física de partícules">model estàndard</a>, rau en el fet que els fermions obeeixen el <a href="/wiki/Principi_d%27exclusi%C3%B3_de_Pauli" title="Principi d'exclusió de Pauli">principi d'exclusió de Pauli</a>, que estableix que dues partícules no poden ocupar el mateix <a href="/wiki/Estat_qu%C3%A0ntic" title="Estat quàntic">estat quàntic</a> alhora.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBarnettMuehryQuinn200083_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBarnettMuehryQuinn200083-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Fermions_elementals">Fermions elementals</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fermi%C3%B3&action=edit&section=1" title="Modifica la secció: Fermions elementals"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>El <a href="/wiki/Model_est%C3%A0ndard_de_f%C3%ADsica_de_part%C3%ADcules" title="Model estàndard de física de partícules">model estàndard</a> reconeix dos tipus de fermions elementals: els <a href="/wiki/Quark" title="Quark">quarks</a> i els <a href="/wiki/Lept%C3%B3" title="Leptó">leptons</a>. En total, el model distingeix 24 tipus diferents de fermions. Hi ha sis quarks (<a href="/wiki/Quark_u" title="Quark u">quark u</a>, <a href="/wiki/Quark_d" title="Quark d">quark d</a>, <a href="/wiki/Quark_s" title="Quark s">quark s</a>, <a href="/wiki/Quark_c" title="Quark c">quark c</a>, <a href="/wiki/Quark_b" title="Quark b">quark b</a> i <a href="/wiki/Quark_t" title="Quark t">quark t</a>) i sis leptons (<a href="/wiki/Electr%C3%B3" title="Electró">electró</a>, <a href="/wiki/Neutr%C3%AD_electr%C3%B2nic" title="Neutrí electrònic">neutrí electrònic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mu%C3%B3" title="Muó">muó</a>, <a href="/wiki/Neutr%C3%AD_mu%C3%B2nic" title="Neutrí muònic">neutrí muònic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lept%C3%B3_tau" title="Leptó tau">leptó tauó</a> i <a href="/wiki/Neutr%C3%AD_tau" title="Neutrí tau">neutrí tauó</a>), juntament amb l' <a href="/wiki/Antipart%C3%ADcula" title="Antipartícula">antipartícula</a> corresponent de cadascun d'ells. </p><p>Matemàticament, hi ha moltes varietats de fermions, amb els tres tipus més comuns: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Equaci%C3%B3_de_Weyl" title="Equació de Weyl">Fermions de Weyl</a> (sense massa),</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fermi%C3%B3_de_Dirac" class="mw-redirect" title="Fermió de Dirac">Fermions de Dirac</a> (massius)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fermi%C3%B3_de_Majorana" title="Fermió de Majorana">Fermions Majorana</a> (cadascun la seva pròpia antipartícula).</li></ul> <p>Es creu que la majoria dels fermions del model estàndard són fermions de Dirac, encara que es desconeix en aquest moment si els <a href="/wiki/Neutr%C3%AD" title="Neutrí">neutrins</a> són fermions de Dirac o de Majorana (o tots dos). Els fermions de Dirac es poden tractar com una combinació de dos fermions de Weyl.<sup id="cite_ref-MoriiLim2004_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MoriiLim2004-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:106</sup> El juliol de 2015, els fermions de Weyl s'han realitzat experimentalment en <a href="/wiki/Semimetall_Weyl" title="Semimetall Weyl">semimetalls de Weyl</a> . </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fermió_de_Dirac"><span id="Fermi.C3.B3_de_Dirac"></span>Fermió de Dirac</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fermi%C3%B3&action=edit&section=2" title="Modifica la secció: Fermió de Dirac"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Un fermió de Dirac és un fermió que no és la seva pròpia <a href="/wiki/Antipart%C3%ADcula" title="Antipartícula">antipartícula</a>, anomenats així per <a href="/wiki/Paul_Dirac" class="mw-redirect" title="Paul Dirac">Paul Dirac</a>. Tots els fermions al <a href="/wiki/Model_est%C3%A0ndard_de_f%C3%ADsica_de_part%C3%ADcules" title="Model estàndard de física de partícules">Model Estàndard</a>, excepte possiblement els <a href="/wiki/Neutr%C3%AD" title="Neutrí">neutrins</a>, són fermions de Dirac. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fermió_de_Majorana"><span id="Fermi.C3.B3_de_Majorana"></span>Fermió de Majorana</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fermi%C3%B3&action=edit&section=3" title="Modifica la secció: Fermió de Majorana"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Un fermió de Majorana és un fermió que és la seva pròpia <a href="/wiki/Antipart%C3%ADcula" title="Antipartícula">antipartícula</a>, anomenats així per <a href="/wiki/Ettore_Majorana" title="Ettore Majorana">Ettore Majorana</a>. No es coneixen fermions de Majorana a la natura. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Leptons">Leptons</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fermi%C3%B3&action=edit&section=4" title="Modifica la secció: Leptons"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>La primera família de leptons està formada per l'<a href="/wiki/Electr%C3%B3" title="Electró">electró</a>, el <a href="/wiki/Positr%C3%B3" title="Positró">positró</a> i el <a href="/wiki/Neutr%C3%AD" title="Neutrí">neutrí</a>. L'electró té <a href="/wiki/C%C3%A0rrega_el%C3%A8ctrica" title="Càrrega elèctrica">càrrega elèctrica</a> negativa de -1.6 × 10<sup>-19</sup> <a href="/wiki/Coulomb" title="Coulomb">coulombs</a> i <a href="/wiki/Massa" title="Massa">massa</a> de 9.10 × 10<sup>-31</sup> <a href="/wiki/Kilogram" class="mw-redirect" title="Kilogram">kg</a>. Es representa habitualment com a e<sup>-</sup>. El positró, l'<a href="/wiki/Antipart%C3%ADcula" title="Antipartícula">antipartícula</a> (<a href="/wiki/Simetria_C" title="Simetria C">simetria C</a>, de càrrega) de l'electró té la mateixa <a href="/wiki/Massa" title="Massa">massa</a>, i càrrega positiva. Es representa per e<sup>+</sup>. El neutrí, segons els últims experiments de detecció de neutrins solars, tindria <a href="/wiki/Massa" title="Massa">massa</a>, encara que aquesta no s'ha pogut determinar amb precisió fins avui, i seria petita. Aquests leptons, juntament amb els quarks u, d, formen el primer de tres grups de partícules, o generacions. Les altres generacions només es diferencien d'aquesta en la <a href="/wiki/Massa" title="Massa">massa</a>. En la segona família, el leptó similar a l'<a href="/wiki/Electr%C3%B3" title="Electró">electró</a> és el <a href="/wiki/Mu%C3%B3" title="Muó">muó</a>, i l'anàleg del <a href="/wiki/Neutr%C3%AD" title="Neutrí">neutrí</a> és el <a href="/wiki/Neutr%C3%AD_mu%C3%B2nic" title="Neutrí muònic">neutrí muònic</a>. En la tercera generació, la partícula similar a l'electró és el <a href="/wiki/Lept%C3%B3_tau" title="Leptó tau">tau</a>. Al neutrí li correspon el <a href="/wiki/Neutr%C3%AD_tau%C3%B2nic" class="mw-redirect" title="Neutrí tauònic">neutrí tauònic</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" align="center"> <caption>Leptons </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Nom </th> <th>Càrrega </th> <th>Massa (GeV) </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Electr%C3%B3" title="Electró">Electró</a></td> <td>-1</td> <td>0,000511 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Neutr%C3%AD_electr%C3%B2nic" title="Neutrí electrònic">Neutrí electrònic</a></td> <td>0</td> <td>~0 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mu%C3%B3" title="Muó">Muó</a></td> <td>-1</td> <td>0,1056 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Neutr%C3%AD_mu%C3%B2nic" title="Neutrí muònic">Neutrí muònic</a></td> <td>0</td> <td>~0 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tau%C3%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="Tauó">Tauó</a></td> <td>-1</td> <td>1,777 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Neutr%C3%AD_tau%C3%B2nic" class="mw-redirect" title="Neutrí tauònic">Neutrí tauònic</a></td> <td>0</td> <td>~0 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Quarks">Quarks</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fermi%C3%B3&action=edit&section=5" title="Modifica la secció: Quarks"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>El <a href="/wiki/Quark_u" title="Quark u">quark u</a> i el <a href="/wiki/Quark_d" title="Quark d">quark d</a> són els components del <a href="/wiki/Prot%C3%B3" title="Protó">protó</a> (uud), del <a href="/wiki/Neutr%C3%B3" title="Neutró">neutró</a> (udd), i els altres <a href="/wiki/Hadr%C3%B3" title="Hadró">hadrons</a>. Es creu que només poden existir en grups de dos, o tres (o més recentment, cinc). Es diferencien dels leptons pel fet que tenen càrregues de +2/3, o -1/3 (-2/3, o +1/3 els <a href="/wiki/Antiquark" title="Antiquark">antiquarks</a>). Tots els quarks tenen un espín de ½ <a href="/wiki/Constant_de_Planck" title="Constant de Planck">ћ</a>. La segona generació està formada pel <a href="/wiki/Quark_c" title="Quark c">quark c</a> i el <a href="/wiki/Quark_s" title="Quark s">quark s</a>. La tercera és la que formen el <a href="/wiki/Quark_t" title="Quark t">quark t</a> i el <a href="/wiki/Quark_b" title="Quark b">quark b</a>. </p><p>Les estimacions de les masses dels quarks u, i d, són objecte de controvèrsia, i encara s'investiguen; de fet, hi ha autors que suggereixen que el quark u podria essencialment no tenir massa. </p> <table class="wikitable" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" align="center"> <caption>Quarks </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Nom </th> <th>Càrrega </th> <th>Massa (<a href="/wiki/Electr%C3%B3_volt" class="mw-redirect" title="Electró volt">MeV</a>) </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Quark_amunt" class="mw-redirect" title="Quark amunt">U</a> <i>Up</i> (u)</td> <td align="right">+2/3 </td> <td align="right">entre 1,5 i 4,5 <b>¹</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Quark_avall" class="mw-redirect" title="Quark avall">D</a> <i>Down</i> (d)</td> <td align="right">-1/3 </td> <td align="right">entre 5 i 8,5 <b>¹</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Quark_encantat" class="mw-redirect" title="Quark encantat">C</a> <i>Charm / Centre</i> (c)</td> <td align="right">+2/3 </td> <td align="right">entre 1.000 i 1.400 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Quark_estrany" class="mw-redirect" title="Quark estrany">S</a> <i>Strange / Sideways</i> (s)</td> <td align="right">-1/3 </td> <td align="right">entre 80 i 155 </td></tr> <tr> <td>T / Truth (t)</td> <td align="right">+2/3 </td> <td align="right">174.300 ± 5.100 </td></tr> <tr> <td>B / Bottom / Beauty (b)</td> <td align="right">-1/3 </td> <td align="right">entre 4.000 i 4.500 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Fermions_composts">Fermions composts</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fermi%C3%B3&action=edit&section=6" title="Modifica la secció: Fermions composts"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Les partícules compostes, com els <a href="/wiki/%C3%80toms" class="mw-redirect" title="Àtoms">àtoms</a> i les molècules, poden ser fermions o <a href="/wiki/Bos%C3%B3" title="Bosó">bosons</a>. Els fermions estan formats per un nombre senar de fermions, mentre que els bosons en tenen un nombre parell. El ⁶<a href="/wiki/Liti" title="Liti">liti</a>, per exemple, és un fermió compost, mentre que el <sup>7</sup><a href="/wiki/Liti" title="Liti">liti</a> és un bosó compost. A <a href="/wiki/Temperatura" title="Temperatura">temperatures</a> ordinàries, els dos isòtops tenen les mateixes propietats, però a temperatures molt baixes apareixen propietats quàntiques completament diferents. Quan el <sup>7</sup>liti es refreda, es converteix en un <a href="/wiki/Condensat_de_Bose-Einstein" title="Condensat de Bose-Einstein">condensat de Bose-Einstein</a>. Quan un gas de fermions, per exemple un de format per ⁶liti, es refreda per sota de la <a href="/wiki/Temperatura_de_Fermi" class="mw-redirect" title="Temperatura de Fermi">temperatura de Fermi</a>, apareix un gas de Fermi degenerat, en el qual els àtoms s'agrupen en <a href="/wiki/Parell_de_Cooper" title="Parell de Cooper">parells de Cooper</a>. </p><p>Els fermions poden mostrar un comportament bosònic quan s'uneixen de manera fluixa en parelles. Aquest és l'origen de la superconductivitat i la <a href="/wiki/Superfluid" title="Superfluid">superfluïdesa</a> de l'heli-3: en els materials superconductors, els electrons interaccionen mitjançant l'intercanvi de <a href="/wiki/Fon%C3%B3" title="Fonó">fonons</a>, formant <a href="/wiki/Parell_de_Cooper" title="Parell de Cooper">parells de Cooper</a>, mentre que a l'heli-3, els parells de Cooper es formen mitjançant fluctuacions de spin. </p><p>Les quasipartícules de l'<a href="/wiki/Efecte_Hall_qu%C3%A0ntic_fraccionat" title="Efecte Hall quàntic fraccionat">efecte Hall quàntic fraccionat</a> també es coneixen com a fermions compostos ; consisteixen en electrons amb un nombre parell de vòrtexs quantificats units. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referències"><span id="Refer.C3.A8ncies"></span>Referències</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fermi%C3%B3&action=edit&section=7" title="Modifica la secció: Referències"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist {{#if: | references-column-count references-column-count-{{{col}}}" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.enciclopedia.cat/gran-enciclopedia-catalana/0108659.xml">Fermió</a>». <i><a href="/wiki/Gran_Enciclop%C3%A8dia_Catalana" title="Gran Enciclopèdia Catalana">Gran Enciclopèdia Catalana</a></i>.  Barcelona:  <a href="/wiki/Grup_Enciclop%C3%A8dia_Catalana" class="mw-redirect" title="Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana">Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana</a>.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DoF-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-DoF_2-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book" style="font-style:normal" id="CITEREFRennieLaw2019"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Rennie</span>, Richard; <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Law</span>, Jonathan. <i>A Dictionary of Physics</i> (en anglès). Vuitena edició.  Oxford University Press, 2019. <span style="font-size:90%; white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Fonts_bibliogr%C3%A0fiques/978%E2%80%930%E2%80%9319%E2%80%93882147%E2%80%932" title="Especial:Fonts bibliogràfiques/978–0–19–882147–2">ISBN 978–0–19–882147–2</a></span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Dictionary+of+Physics&rft.aulast=Rennie&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2019&rft.edition=Vuitena+edici%C3%B3&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.isbn=978–0–19–882147–2"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-brit-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-brit_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/science/fermion">fermion</a>» (en anglès). <i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i>.  Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.. [Consulta: 6 gener 2022].</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBarnettMuehryQuinn200083-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBarnettMuehryQuinn200083_4-0">4,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBarnettMuehryQuinn200083_4-1">4,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBarnettMuehryQuinn2000">Barnett, Muehry i Quinn, 2000</a>, p. 83.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBarnettMuehryQuinn200084-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBarnettMuehryQuinn200084_5-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBarnettMuehryQuinn2000">Barnett, Muehry i Quinn, 2000</a>, p. 84.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MoriiLim2004-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-MoriiLim2004_6-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book" style="font-style:normal" id="CITEREFT._Morii2004"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">T. Morii</span>. <i>The Physics of the Standard Model and Beyond</i>.  <a href="/wiki/World_Scientific" title="World Scientific">World Scientific</a>, 1 gener 2004. <span style="font-size:90%; white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Fonts_bibliogr%C3%A0fiques/978-981-279-560-1" title="Especial:Fonts bibliogràfiques/978-981-279-560-1">ISBN 978-981-279-560-1</a></span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Physics+of+the+Standard+Model+and+Beyond&rft.aulast=T.+Morii&rft.date=1+gener+2004&rft.pub=%5B%5BWorld+Scientific%5D%5D&rft.isbn=978-981-279-560-1"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book" style="font-style:normal" id="CITEREF1942-2005"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">1942-</span>, Griffiths, David J. (David Jeffery),. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/53926857"><i>Introduction to quantum mechanics</i></a>. 2a edició.  Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall, 2005. <span style="font-size:90%; white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Fonts_bibliogr%C3%A0fiques/0131118927" title="Especial:Fonts bibliogràfiques/0131118927">ISBN 0131118927</a></span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Introduction+to+quantum+mechanics&rft.aulast=1942-&rft.aufirst=Griffiths%2C+David+J.+%28David+Jeffery%29%2C&rft.date=2005&rft.edition=2a+edici%C3%B3&rft.pub=Pearson+Prentice+Hall&rft.place=Upper+Saddle+River%2C+NJ&rft.isbn=0131118927&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F53926857"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliofgrafia">Bibliofgrafia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fermi%C3%B3&action=edit&section=8" title="Modifica la secció: Bibliofgrafia"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="citation book" style="font-style:normal" id="CITEREFBarnettMuehryQuinn2000"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Barnett</span>, R. Michael; <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Muehry</span>, Henry; <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Quinn</span>, Helen R. <i>The Charm of Strange Quarks Mysteries and Revolutions of Particle Physics</i> (en anglès).  Springer, 2000. <span style="font-size:90%;"><a href="/wiki/DOI" title="DOI">DOI</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-21534-1">10.1007/978-0-387-21534-1</a></span>. <span style="font-size:90%; white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Fonts_bibliogr%C3%A0fiques/978-1-4684-9510-2" title="Especial:Fonts bibliogràfiques/978-1-4684-9510-2">ISBN 978-1-4684-9510-2</a></span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Charm+of+Strange+Quarks+Mysteries+and+Revolutions+of+Particle+Physics&rft.aulast=Barnett&rft.aufirst=R.+Michael&rft.date=2000&rft.pub=Springer&rft.isbn=978-1-4684-9510-2&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2F978-0-387-21534-1"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r33663753">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Part%C3%ADcula_elemental" title="Partícula elemental">Elementals</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Fermions</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/Quark" title="Quark">Quarks</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Quark_amunt" class="mw-redirect" title="Quark amunt">u</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Quark_avall" class="mw-redirect" title="Quark avall">d</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Quark_encant" class="mw-redirect" title="Quark encant">c</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Quark_estrany" class="mw-redirect" title="Quark estrany">s</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Quark_cim" class="mw-redirect" title="Quark cim">t</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Quark_fons" class="mw-redirect" title="Quark fons">b</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/Antiquark" title="Antiquark">Antiquarks</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Antiquark_amunt" class="mw-redirect" title="Antiquark amunt"><span style="text-decoration:overline;">u</span></a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Antiquark_avall" class="mw-redirect" title="Antiquark avall"><span style="text-decoration:overline;">d</span></a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Antiquark_encant" class="mw-redirect" title="Antiquark encant"><span style="text-decoration:overline;">c</span></a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Antiquark_estrany" class="mw-redirect" title="Antiquark estrany"><span style="text-decoration:overline;">s</span></a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Antiquark_cim" class="mw-redirect" title="Antiquark cim"><span style="text-decoration:overline;">t</span></a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Antiquark_fons" class="mw-redirect" title="Antiquark fons"><span style="text-decoration:overline;">b</span></a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/Lept%C3%B3" title="Leptó">Leptons</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Electr%C3%B3" title="Electró">e<sup>-</sup></a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Mu%C3%B3" title="Muó">μ<sup>-</sup></a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Tau%C3%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="Tauó">τ<sup>-</sup></a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Neutr%C3%AD" title="Neutrí">ν</a> <b>(</b><a href="/wiki/Neutr%C3%AD_electr%C3%B2nic" title="Neutrí electrònic">ν<sub>e</sub></a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Neutr%C3%AD_mu%C3%B2nic" title="Neutrí muònic">ν<sub>μ</sub></a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Neutr%C3%AD_tau%C3%B2nic" class="mw-redirect" title="Neutrí tauònic">ν<sub>τ</sub></a><b>)</b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/Antilept%C3%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="Antileptó">Antileptons</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Positr%C3%B3" title="Positró">e<sup>+</sup></a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Antimu%C3%B3" title="Antimuó">μ<sup>+</sup></a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Antitau%C3%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="Antitauó">τ<sup>+</sup></a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Antineutr%C3%AD" title="Antineutrí"><span style="text-decoration:overline;">ν</span></a> <b>(</b><a href="/wiki/Antineutr%C3%AD_electr%C3%B2nic" class="mw-redirect" title="Antineutrí electrònic"><span style="text-decoration:overline;">ν</span><sub>e</sub></a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Antineutr%C3%AD_mu%C3%B2nic" class="mw-redirect" title="Antineutrí muònic"><span style="text-decoration:overline;">ν</span><sub>μ</sub></a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Antineutr%C3%AD_tau%C3%B2nic" class="mw-redirect" title="Antineutrí tauònic"><span style="text-decoration:overline;">ν</span><sub>τ</sub></a><b>)</b></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/Bos%C3%B3" title="Bosó">Bosons</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/Bos%C3%B3_de_gauge" title="Bosó de gauge">Gauge</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Fot%C3%B3" title="Fotó">γ</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Glu%C3%B3" title="Gluó">g</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Bos%C3%B3_W" class="mw-redirect" title="Bosó W">W<sup>±</sup></a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Bos%C3%B3_Z" class="mw-redirect" title="Bosó Z">Z</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Bos%C3%B3_E(38)" title="Bosó E(38)">E<sub>38</sub></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/Bos%C3%B3_escalar" title="Bosó escalar">Escalar</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Bos%C3%B3_de_Higgs" title="Bosó de Higgs">H<sup>0</sup></a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;">Altres</div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Camp_fantasma" title="Camp fantasma">Fantasmes</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/Part%C3%ADcula_hipot%C3%A8tica" title="Partícula hipotètica">Hipotètiques</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/Supercompany" title="Supercompany">Supercompanyes</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/Sfermi%C3%B3" title="Sfermió">Sfermions</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/Squark" title="Squark">Squarks</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><small><a href="/wiki/Quark_samunt" class="mw-redirect" title="Quark samunt"><span style="font-size:120%;">u͂</span></a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Quark_savall" class="mw-redirect" title="Quark savall"><span style="font-size:120%;">d͂</span></a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Quark_sencant" class="mw-redirect" title="Quark sencant"><span style="font-size:120%;">c͂</span></a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Quark_sestrany" class="mw-redirect" title="Quark sestrany"><span style="font-size:120%;">s͂</span></a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Quark_sim" class="mw-redirect" title="Quark sim"><span style="font-size:120%;">t͂</span></a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Quark_sfons" class="mw-redirect" title="Quark sfons"><span style="font-size:120%;">b͂</span></a></small></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/Slept%C3%B3" title="Sleptó">Sleptons</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><small><a href="/wiki/Selectr%C3%B3_(part%C3%ADcula)" class="mw-redirect" title="Selectró (partícula)"><span style="font-size:120%;">e͂</span></a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Smu%C3%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="Smuó"><span style="font-size:120%;">μ͂</span></a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Stau%C3%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="Stauó"><span style="font-size:120%;">τ͂</span></a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Sneutr%C3%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="Sneutrí"><span style="font-size:120%;">ν͂</span></a> (<a href="/wiki/Sneutr%C3%AD_electr%C3%B2nic" class="mw-redirect" title="Sneutrí electrònic"><span style="font-size:120%;">ν͂</span><sub>e</sub></a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Sneutr%C3%AD_mu%C3%B2nic" class="mw-redirect" title="Sneutrí muònic"><span style="font-size:120%;">ν͂</span><sub>μ</sub></a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Sneutr%C3%AD_tau%C3%B2nic" class="mw-redirect" title="Sneutrí tauònic"><span style="font-size:120%;">ν͂</span><sub>τ</sub></a>)</small></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/Gaug%C3%AD" title="Gaugí">Gaugins</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><small><a href="/wiki/Be%C3%AD" title="Beí"><span style="font-size:120%;">B͂</span></a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Fot%C3%AD" title="Fotí"><span style="font-size:120%;">γ͂</span></a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Glu%C3%AD" title="Gluí"><span style="font-size:120%;">g͂</span></a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Gravit%C3%AD" title="Gravití"><span style="font-size:120%;">G͂</span></a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/We%C3%AD" title="Weí"><span style="font-size:120%;">W͂</span></a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Zet%C3%AD" title="Zetí"><span style="font-size:120%;">Z͂</span></a></small></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;">Altres</div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Ax%C3%AD" title="Axí">Axí</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Carregu%C3%AD" title="Carreguí">Carreguí</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Higgs%C3%AD" title="Higgsí">Higgsí</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Neutral%C3%AD" title="Neutralí">Neutralí</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;">Altres</div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Axi%C3%B3" title="Axió">A<sup>0</sup></a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Dilat%C3%B3" title="Dilató">D</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Fermi%C3%B3_de_Majorana" title="Fermió de Majorana">Fermió de Majorana</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Fot%C3%B3_magn%C3%A8tic" title="Fotó magnètic">Fotó magnètic</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Gravit%C3%B3" title="Gravitó">G</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Gravifot%C3%B3" title="Gravifotó">Gravifotó</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Inflat%C3%B3" title="Inflató">Inflató</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Leptoquark" title="Leptoquark">Leptoquark</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Major%C3%B3" title="Majoró">J</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Monopol_magn%C3%A8tic" title="Monopol magnètic">m</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Neutr%C3%AD_est%C3%A8ril" title="Neutrí estèril">neutrí estèril</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Pre%C3%B3" title="Preó">Preó</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Taqui%C3%B3" title="Taquió">Taquió</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Bos%C3%B3_X" class="mw-redirect" title="Bosó X">X</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Bos%C3%B3_Y" class="mw-redirect" title="Bosó Y">Y</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Bos%C3%B3_W%27" class="mw-redirect" title="Bosó W'">W'</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Bos%C3%B3_Z%27" class="mw-redirect" title="Bosó Z'">Z'</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Part%C3%ADcula_composta" title="Partícula composta">Compostes</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/Hadr%C3%B3" title="Hadró">Hadrons</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/Bari%C3%B3" title="Barió">Barions</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/Nucle%C3%B3" title="Nucleó">Nucleons</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Prot%C3%B3" title="Protó">p</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Neutr%C3%B3" title="Neutró">n</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Antiprot%C3%B3" title="Antiprotó"><span style="text-decoration:overline;">p</span></a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Antineutr%C3%B3" title="Antineutró"><span style="text-decoration:overline;">n</span></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/Hiper%C3%B3" title="Hiperó">Hiperons</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Bari%C3%B3_Delta" title="Barió Delta">Δ</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Lambda_(bari%C3%B3)" title="Lambda (barió)">Λ</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bari%C3%B3_Sigma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Barió Sigma (encara no existeix)">Σ</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bari%C3%B3_Ksi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Barió Ksi (encara no existeix)">Ξ</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bari%C3%B3_Omega&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Barió Omega (encara no existeix)">Ω</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/Mes%C3%B3" title="Mesó">Mesons</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;background:transparent;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Pi%C3%B3" title="Pió">Pió</a> (π)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Mes%C3%B3_rho" title="Mesó rho">Mesó rho</a> (ρ)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Mesons_eta_i_eta_prima" title="Mesons eta i eta prima">Mesons eta i eta prima</a> (η) i (η')<span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Mes%C3%B3_fi" title="Mesó fi">Mesó fi</a> (φ)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Mes%C3%B3_omega" title="Mesó omega">Mesó omega</a> (ω)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Mes%C3%B3_psi%C3%B3" title="Mesó psió">Mesó psió</a> (J/ψ)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Mes%C3%B3_%C3%ADpsilon" title="Mesó ípsilon">Mesó ípsilon</a> (ϒ)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Mes%C3%B3_theta" title="Mesó theta">Mesó theta</a> (θ)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mes%C3%B3_K&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mesó K (encara no existeix)">Mesó K</a> (K)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Mes%C3%B3_B" title="Mesó B">Mesó B</a> (B)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Mes%C3%B3_D" title="Mesó D">Mesó D</a> (D)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Mes%C3%B3_T" title="Mesó T">Mesó T</a> (T)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Quarkonium" title="Quarkonium">Quarkonium</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;">Altres</div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Nucli_at%C3%B2mic" title="Nucli atòmic">Nucli atòmic</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/%C3%80tom" title="Àtom">Àtom</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Diquark" title="Diquark">Diquark</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/%C3%80tom_ex%C3%B2tic" title="Àtom exòtic">Àtom exòtic</a> <b>(</b> <a href="/wiki/Positroni" title="Positroni">Positroni</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Muoni" title="Muoni">Muoni</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Tautoni" title="Tautoni">Tautoni</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Oni_(part%C3%ADcula)" class="mw-redirect" title="Oni (partícula)">Oni</a> <b>)</b><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Super%C3%A0tom" title="Superàtom">Superàtoms</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Mol%C3%A8cula" title="Molècula">Molècula</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/Part%C3%ADcula_hipot%C3%A8tica" title="Partícula hipotètica">Hipotètiques</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;font-weight:normal;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/Hadr%C3%B3_ex%C3%B2tic" title="Hadró exòtic">Hadrons exòtics</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/Bari%C3%B3_ex%C3%B2tic" title="Barió exòtic">Barions exòtics</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Dibari%C3%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="Dibarió">Dibarió</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Pentaquark" title="Pentaquark">Pentaquark</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Skyrmi%C3%B3" title="Skyrmió">Skyrmió</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/Mes%C3%B3_ex%C3%B2tic" title="Mesó exòtic">Mesons exòtics</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Bola_de_gluons" title="Bola de gluons">Bola de gluons</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Tetraquark" title="Tetraquark">Tetraquark</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;font-weight:normal;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;">Altres</div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;background:transparent;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Mol%C3%A8cula_mes%C3%B2nica" title="Molècula mesònica">Molècula mesònica</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Pomer%C3%B3" title="Pomeró">Pomeró</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Quasipart%C3%ADcula" title="Quasipartícula">Quasipartícules</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solit%C3%B3_de_Davydov&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Solitó de Davydov (encara no existeix)">Solitó de Davydov</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Excit%C3%B3" title="Excitó">Excitó</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Hol%C3%B3" title="Holó">Holó</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Magn%C3%B3" title="Magnó">Magnó</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Fon%C3%B3" title="Fonó">Fonó</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Plasmar%C3%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Plasmaró (encara no existeix)">Plasmaró</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Plasm%C3%B3" title="Plasmó">Plasmó</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Polarit%C3%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Polaritó (encara no existeix)">Polaritó</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Polar%C3%B3" title="Polaró">Polaró</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Rot%C3%B3" title="Rotó">Rotó</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tri%C3%B3_(f%C3%ADsica)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Trió (física) (encara no existeix)">Trió</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Descartades</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;background:transparent;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Part%C3%B3" title="Partó">Partó</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Llistes</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Llista_de_part%C3%ADcules" title="Llista de partícules">Llista de partícules</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Cronologia_de_la_f%C3%ADsica_de_part%C3%ADcules" title="Cronologia de la física de partícules">Cronologia de la física de partícules</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Books" class="extiw" title="en:Wikipedia:Books">Llibres</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r33711417">.mw-parser-output .languageicon{font-size:0.95em;color:#555;background-color:inherit}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .languageicon{background-color:inherit;color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .languageicon{background-color:inherit;color:white}}</style><span class="languageicon" title="En anglès">(anglès)</span></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Book:Particles_of_the_Standard_Model">Book:Particles of the Standard Model<span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> </a><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Book:Hadronic_Matter">Book:Hadronic Matter</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Book:Leptons">Book:Leptons</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/">Book:Quarks</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Control_d%27autoritats" title="Control d'autoritats">Registres d'autoritat</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Espa%C3%B1a" class="mw-redirect" title="Biblioteca Nacional de España">BNE</a> <span class="uid"> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://datos.bne.es/resource/XX534885">1</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France">BNF</a> <span class="uid"> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11976538t">1</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a> <span class="uid"> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://d-nb.info/gnd/4121256-3">1</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LCCN" class="mw-redirect" title="LCCN">LCCN</a> <span class="uid"> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85047833">1</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SUDOC" class="mw-redirect" title="SUDOC">SUDOC</a> <span class="uid"> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.idref.fr/027801136">1</a>)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><span style="display: none;" class="interProject"><a href="https://ca.wiktionary.org/wiki/fermi%C3%B3" class="extiw" title="wikt:fermió">Viccionari</a></span> </p>    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