CINXE.COM
NLP Archives - Open Data Science - Your News Source for AI, Machine Learning & more
<!DOCTYPE html> <!--[if lt IE 7]> <html lang="en-US" xmlns:fb="https://www.facebook.com/2008/fbml" xmlns:addthis="https://www.addthis.com/help/api-spec" class="no-js lt-ie9 lt-ie8 lt-ie7"> <![endif]--> <!--[if IE 7]> <html lang="en-US" xmlns:fb="https://www.facebook.com/2008/fbml" xmlns:addthis="https://www.addthis.com/help/api-spec" class="no-js lt-ie9 lt-ie8"> <![endif]--> <!--[if IE 8]> <html lang="en-US" xmlns:fb="https://www.facebook.com/2008/fbml" xmlns:addthis="https://www.addthis.com/help/api-spec" class="no-js lt-ie9"> <![endif]--> <!--[if gt IE 8]><!--> <html lang="en-US" xmlns:fb="https://www.facebook.com/2008/fbml" xmlns:addthis="https://www.addthis.com/help/api-spec" class="no-js"> <!--<![endif]--> <!-- BEGIN head --> <head> <!-- Title --> <!-- Google Tag Manager --> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-M62L34N');</script> <!-- End Google Tag Manager --> <!-- Meta tags --> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, minimum-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, user-scalable=no" /> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge,chrome=1"> <meta name="facebook-domain-verification" content="mq2z5ejvx3hxmh1wsy4dgvxk6tcl1f" /> <link rel="pingback" href="https://opendatascience.com/xmlrpc.php" /> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/uploads/goliath/favicon1.ico" /> <!-- if page is content page --> <meta property="og:site_name" content="Open Data Science – Your News Source for AI, Machine Learning & more" /> <meta property="og:description" content="" /> <meta property="og:type" content="website" /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/uploads/goliath/highresodsclogo.png" /> <script charset="utf-8" type="text/javascript" src="//js.hsforms.net/forms/v2-legacy.js"></script> <![endif]--> <script charset="utf-8" type="text/javascript" src="//js.hsforms.net/forms/v2.js"></script> <meta name='robots' content='index, follow, max-image-preview:large, max-snippet:-1, max-video-preview:-1' /> <style>img:is([sizes="auto" i], [sizes^="auto," i]) { contain-intrinsic-size: 3000px 1500px }</style> <script data-no-defer="1" data-ezscrex="false" data-cfasync="false" data-pagespeed-no-defer data-cookieconsent="ignore"> var ctPublicFunctions = {"_ajax_nonce":"2f1ee5f394","_rest_nonce":"30f14d914b","_ajax_url":"\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","_rest_url":"https:\/\/opendatascience.com\/wp-json\/","data__cookies_type":"native","data__ajax_type":"rest","data__bot_detector_enabled":0,"data__frontend_data_log_enabled":1,"cookiePrefix":"","wprocket_detected":false,"host_url":"opendatascience.com","text__ee_click_to_select":"Click to select the whole data","text__ee_original_email":"The original one is","text__ee_got_it":"Got it","text__ee_blocked":"Blocked","text__ee_cannot_connect":"Cannot connect","text__ee_cannot_decode":"Can not decode email. Unknown reason","text__ee_email_decoder":"CleanTalk email decoder","text__ee_wait_for_decoding":"The magic is on the way, please wait for a few seconds!","text__ee_decoding_process":"Decoding the contact data, let us a few seconds to finish."} </script> <script data-no-defer="1" data-ezscrex="false" data-cfasync="false" data-pagespeed-no-defer data-cookieconsent="ignore"> var ctPublic = {"_ajax_nonce":"2f1ee5f394","settings__forms__check_internal":"0","settings__forms__check_external":"0","settings__forms__force_protection":0,"settings__forms__search_test":"1","settings__data__bot_detector_enabled":0,"settings__sfw__anti_crawler":0,"blog_home":"https:\/\/opendatascience.com\/","pixel__setting":"0","pixel__enabled":false,"pixel__url":null,"data__email_check_before_post":"1","data__email_check_exist_post":0,"data__cookies_type":"native","data__key_is_ok":true,"data__visible_fields_required":true,"wl_brandname":"Anti-Spam by CleanTalk","wl_brandname_short":"CleanTalk","ct_checkjs_key":"14ab67279a7be2394dae085d25b8491ccda96a2b7c3e46793e26326e802e74fa","emailEncoderPassKey":"5dec7c51fcd76545858cdb9122cde2d5","bot_detector_forms_excluded":"W10=","advancedCacheExists":false,"varnishCacheExists":false,"wc_ajax_add_to_cart":true} </script> <!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v23.3 (Yoast SEO v24.7) - https://yoast.com/wordpress/plugins/seo/ --> <title>NLP Archives - Open Data Science - Your News Source for AI, Machine Learning & more</title> <link rel="canonical" href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/nlp/" /> <link rel="next" href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/nlp/page/2/" /> <meta property="og:locale" content="en_US" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="og:title" content="NLP Archives" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://opendatascience.com/tag/nlp/" /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="Open Data Science - Your News Source for AI, Machine Learning & more" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" /> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@odsc" /> <script type="application/ld+json" class="yoast-schema-graph">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"CollectionPage","@id":"https://opendatascience.com/tag/nlp/","url":"https://opendatascience.com/tag/nlp/","name":"NLP Archives - Open Data Science - Your News Source for AI, Machine Learning & more","isPartOf":{"@id":"https://opendatascience.com/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https://opendatascience.com/tag/nlp/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https://opendatascience.com/tag/nlp/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/font-705667_960_720.jpg","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https://opendatascience.com/tag/nlp/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://opendatascience.com/tag/nlp/#primaryimage","url":"https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/font-705667_960_720.jpg","contentUrl":"https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/font-705667_960_720.jpg","width":960,"height":637,"caption":"Frameworks for NLP"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https://opendatascience.com/tag/nlp/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https://opendatascience.com/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"NLP"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https://opendatascience.com/#website","url":"https://opendatascience.com/","name":"Open Data Science - Your News Source for AI, Machine Learning & more","description":"","publisher":{"@id":"https://opendatascience.com/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https://opendatascience.com/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https://opendatascience.com/#organization","name":"Open Data Science - Your News Source for AI, Machine Learning & more","url":"https://opendatascience.com/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://opendatascience.com/#/schema/logo/image/","url":"https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/highresodsclogo.png","contentUrl":"https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/highresodsclogo.png","width":385,"height":101,"caption":"Open Data Science - Your News Source for AI, Machine Learning & more"},"image":{"@id":"https://opendatascience.com/#/schema/logo/image/"},"sameAs":["https://www.facebook.com/OPENDATASCI/","https://x.com/odsc"]}]}</script> <!-- / Yoast SEO Premium plugin. --> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//js.hs-scripts.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//s7.addthis.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//www.googletagmanager.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//fonts.googleapis.com' /> <script type="text/javascript" id="wpp-js" src="https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/wordpress-popular-posts/assets/js/wpp.min.js?ver=7.2.0" data-sampling="0" data-sampling-rate="100" data-api-url="https://opendatascience.com/wp-json/wordpress-popular-posts" data-post-id="0" data-token="30f14d914b" data-lang="0" data-debug="0"></script> <!-- This site uses the Google Analytics by MonsterInsights plugin v9.4.0 - Using Analytics tracking - https://www.monsterinsights.com/ --> <script src="//www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-WQFN07TN9T" data-cfasync="false" data-wpfc-render="false" type="text/javascript" async></script> <script data-cfasync="false" data-wpfc-render="false" type="text/javascript"> var mi_version = '9.4.0'; var mi_track_user = true; var mi_no_track_reason = ''; var MonsterInsightsDefaultLocations = {"page_location":"https:\/\/opendatascience.com\/tag\/nlp\/"}; if ( typeof MonsterInsightsPrivacyGuardFilter === 'function' ) { var MonsterInsightsLocations = (typeof MonsterInsightsExcludeQuery === 'object') ? MonsterInsightsPrivacyGuardFilter( MonsterInsightsExcludeQuery ) : MonsterInsightsPrivacyGuardFilter( MonsterInsightsDefaultLocations ); } else { var MonsterInsightsLocations = (typeof MonsterInsightsExcludeQuery === 'object') ? MonsterInsightsExcludeQuery : MonsterInsightsDefaultLocations; } var disableStrs = [ 'ga-disable-G-WQFN07TN9T', ]; /* Function to detect opted out users */ function __gtagTrackerIsOptedOut() { for (var index = 0; index < disableStrs.length; index++) { if (document.cookie.indexOf(disableStrs[index] + '=true') > -1) { return true; } } return false; } /* Disable tracking if the opt-out cookie exists. */ if (__gtagTrackerIsOptedOut()) { for (var index = 0; index < disableStrs.length; index++) { window[disableStrs[index]] = true; } } /* Opt-out function */ function __gtagTrackerOptout() { for (var index = 0; index < disableStrs.length; index++) { document.cookie = disableStrs[index] + '=true; expires=Thu, 31 Dec 2099 23:59:59 UTC; path=/'; window[disableStrs[index]] = true; } } if ('undefined' === typeof gaOptout) { function gaOptout() { __gtagTrackerOptout(); } } window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; window.MonsterInsightsDualTracker = { helpers: {}, trackers: {}, }; if (mi_track_user) { function __gtagDataLayer() { dataLayer.push(arguments); } function __gtagTracker(type, name, parameters) { if (!parameters) { parameters = {}; } if (parameters.send_to) { __gtagDataLayer.apply(null, arguments); return; } if (type === 'event') { parameters.send_to = monsterinsights_frontend.v4_id; var hookName = name; if (typeof parameters['event_category'] !== 'undefined') { hookName = parameters['event_category'] + ':' + name; } if (typeof MonsterInsightsDualTracker.trackers[hookName] !== 'undefined') { MonsterInsightsDualTracker.trackers[hookName](parameters); } else { __gtagDataLayer('event', name, parameters); } } else { __gtagDataLayer.apply(null, arguments); } } __gtagTracker('js', new Date()); __gtagTracker('set', { 'developer_id.dZGIzZG': true, }); if ( MonsterInsightsLocations.page_location ) { __gtagTracker('set', MonsterInsightsLocations); } __gtagTracker('config', 'G-WQFN07TN9T', {"forceSSL":"true"} ); window.gtag = __gtagTracker; (function () { /* https://developers.google.com/analytics/devguides/collection/analyticsjs/ */ /* ga and __gaTracker compatibility shim. */ var noopfn = function () { return null; }; var newtracker = function () { return new Tracker(); }; var Tracker = function () { return null; }; var p = Tracker.prototype; p.get = noopfn; p.set = noopfn; p.send = function () { var args = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments); args.unshift('send'); __gaTracker.apply(null, args); }; var __gaTracker = function () { var len = arguments.length; if (len === 0) { return; } var f = arguments[len - 1]; if (typeof f !== 'object' || f === null || typeof f.hitCallback !== 'function') { if ('send' === arguments[0]) { var hitConverted, hitObject = false, action; if ('event' === arguments[1]) { if ('undefined' !== typeof arguments[3]) { hitObject = { 'eventAction': arguments[3], 'eventCategory': arguments[2], 'eventLabel': arguments[4], 'value': arguments[5] ? arguments[5] : 1, } } } if ('pageview' === arguments[1]) { if ('undefined' !== typeof arguments[2]) { hitObject = { 'eventAction': 'page_view', 'page_path': arguments[2], } } } if (typeof arguments[2] === 'object') { hitObject = arguments[2]; } if (typeof arguments[5] === 'object') { Object.assign(hitObject, arguments[5]); } if ('undefined' !== typeof arguments[1].hitType) { hitObject = arguments[1]; if ('pageview' === hitObject.hitType) { hitObject.eventAction = 'page_view'; } } if (hitObject) { action = 'timing' === arguments[1].hitType ? 'timing_complete' : hitObject.eventAction; hitConverted = mapArgs(hitObject); __gtagTracker('event', action, hitConverted); } } return; } function mapArgs(args) { var arg, hit = {}; var gaMap = { 'eventCategory': 'event_category', 'eventAction': 'event_action', 'eventLabel': 'event_label', 'eventValue': 'event_value', 'nonInteraction': 'non_interaction', 'timingCategory': 'event_category', 'timingVar': 'name', 'timingValue': 'value', 'timingLabel': 'event_label', 'page': 'page_path', 'location': 'page_location', 'title': 'page_title', 'referrer' : 'page_referrer', }; for (arg in args) { if (!(!args.hasOwnProperty(arg) || !gaMap.hasOwnProperty(arg))) { hit[gaMap[arg]] = args[arg]; } else { hit[arg] = args[arg]; } } return hit; } try { f.hitCallback(); } catch (ex) { } }; __gaTracker.create = newtracker; __gaTracker.getByName = newtracker; __gaTracker.getAll = function () { return []; }; __gaTracker.remove = noopfn; __gaTracker.loaded = true; window['__gaTracker'] = __gaTracker; })(); } else { console.log(""); (function () { function __gtagTracker() { return null; } window['__gtagTracker'] = __gtagTracker; window['gtag'] = __gtagTracker; })(); } </script> <!-- / Google Analytics by MonsterInsights --> <script type="text/javascript"> /* <![CDATA[ */ window._wpemojiSettings = {"baseUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/15.0.3\/72x72\/","ext":".png","svgUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/15.0.3\/svg\/","svgExt":".svg","source":{"concatemoji":"https:\/\/opendatascience.com\/wp-includes\/js\/wp-emoji-release.min.js?ver=6.7.2"}}; /*! This file is auto-generated */ !function(i,n){var o,s,e;function c(e){try{var t={supportTests:e,timestamp:(new Date).valueOf()};sessionStorage.setItem(o,JSON.stringify(t))}catch(e){}}function p(e,t,n){e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(t,0,0);var t=new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data),r=(e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(n,0,0),new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data));return t.every(function(e,t){return e===r[t]})}function u(e,t,n){switch(t){case"flag":return n(e,"\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200d\u26a7\ufe0f","\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200b\u26a7\ufe0f")?!1:!n(e,"\ud83c\uddfa\ud83c\uddf3","\ud83c\uddfa\u200b\ud83c\uddf3")&&!n(e,"\ud83c\udff4\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc62\udb40\udc65\udb40\udc6e\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc7f","\ud83c\udff4\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc62\u200b\udb40\udc65\u200b\udb40\udc6e\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc7f");case"emoji":return!n(e,"\ud83d\udc26\u200d\u2b1b","\ud83d\udc26\u200b\u2b1b")}return!1}function f(e,t,n){var r="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope?new OffscreenCanvas(300,150):i.createElement("canvas"),a=r.getContext("2d",{willReadFrequently:!0}),o=(a.textBaseline="top",a.font="600 32px Arial",{});return e.forEach(function(e){o[e]=t(a,e,n)}),o}function t(e){var t=i.createElement("script");t.src=e,t.defer=!0,i.head.appendChild(t)}"undefined"!=typeof Promise&&(o="wpEmojiSettingsSupports",s=["flag","emoji"],n.supports={everything:!0,everythingExceptFlag:!0},e=new Promise(function(e){i.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",e,{once:!0})}),new Promise(function(t){var n=function(){try{var e=JSON.parse(sessionStorage.getItem(o));if("object"==typeof e&&"number"==typeof e.timestamp&&(new Date).valueOf()<e.timestamp+604800&&"object"==typeof e.supportTests)return e.supportTests}catch(e){}return null}();if(!n){if("undefined"!=typeof Worker&&"undefined"!=typeof OffscreenCanvas&&"undefined"!=typeof URL&&URL.createObjectURL&&"undefined"!=typeof Blob)try{var e="postMessage("+f.toString()+"("+[JSON.stringify(s),u.toString(),p.toString()].join(",")+"));",r=new Blob([e],{type:"text/javascript"}),a=new Worker(URL.createObjectURL(r),{name:"wpTestEmojiSupports"});return void(a.onmessage=function(e){c(n=e.data),a.terminate(),t(n)})}catch(e){}c(n=f(s,u,p))}t(n)}).then(function(e){for(var t in e)n.supports[t]=e[t],n.supports.everything=n.supports.everything&&n.supports[t],"flag"!==t&&(n.supports.everythingExceptFlag=n.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&n.supports[t]);n.supports.everythingExceptFlag=n.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&!n.supports.flag,n.DOMReady=!1,n.readyCallback=function(){n.DOMReady=!0}}).then(function(){return e}).then(function(){var e;n.supports.everything||(n.readyCallback(),(e=n.source||{}).concatemoji?t(e.concatemoji):e.wpemoji&&e.twemoji&&(t(e.twemoji),t(e.wpemoji)))}))}((window,document),window._wpemojiSettings); /* ]]> */ </script> <link rel='stylesheet' id='ai1ec_style-css' href='//opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/all-in-one-event-calendar/public/themes-ai1ec/vortex/css/ai1ec_parsed_css.css?ver=3.0.0' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='reusablec-block-css-css' href='https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/reusable-content-blocks/includes/css/reusablec-block.css?ver=6.7.2' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-quicklatex-format-css' href='https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-quicklatex/css/quicklatex-format.css?ver=6.7.2' type='text/css' media='all' /> <style id='wp-emoji-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'> img.wp-smiley, img.emoji { display: inline !important; border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; height: 1em !important; width: 1em !important; margin: 0 0.07em !important; vertical-align: -0.1em !important; background: none !important; padding: 0 !important; } </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-block-library-css' href='https://opendatascience.com/wp-includes/css/dist/block-library/style.min.css?ver=6.7.2' type='text/css' media='all' /> <style id='classic-theme-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'> /*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} </style> <style id='global-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'> :root{--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--square: 1;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--4-3: 4/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-4: 3/4;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-2: 3/2;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--2-3: 2/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--16-9: 16/9;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--9-16: 9/16;--wp--preset--color--black: #000000;--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray: #abb8c3;--wp--preset--color--white: #ffffff;--wp--preset--color--pale-pink: #f78da7;--wp--preset--color--vivid-red: #cf2e2e;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange: #ff6900;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber: #fcb900;--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan: #7bdcb5;--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan: #00d084;--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue: #8ed1fc;--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue: #0693e3;--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple: #9b51e0;--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(6,147,227,1) 0%,rgb(155,81,224) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(122,220,180) 0%,rgb(0,208,130) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(252,185,0,1) 0%,rgba(255,105,0,1) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(255,105,0,1) 0%,rgb(207,46,46) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(238,238,238) 0%,rgb(169,184,195) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(74,234,220) 0%,rgb(151,120,209) 20%,rgb(207,42,186) 40%,rgb(238,44,130) 60%,rgb(251,105,98) 80%,rgb(254,248,76) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,206,236) 0%,rgb(152,150,240) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(254,205,165) 0%,rgb(254,45,45) 50%,rgb(107,0,62) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,203,112) 0%,rgb(199,81,192) 50%,rgb(65,88,208) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,245,203) 0%,rgb(182,227,212) 50%,rgb(51,167,181) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(202,248,128) 0%,rgb(113,206,126) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--midnight: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(2,3,129) 0%,rgb(40,116,252) 100%);--wp--preset--font-size--small: 13px;--wp--preset--font-size--medium: 20px;--wp--preset--font-size--large: 36px;--wp--preset--font-size--x-large: 42px;--wp--preset--spacing--20: 0.44rem;--wp--preset--spacing--30: 0.67rem;--wp--preset--spacing--40: 1rem;--wp--preset--spacing--50: 1.5rem;--wp--preset--spacing--60: 2.25rem;--wp--preset--spacing--70: 3.38rem;--wp--preset--spacing--80: 5.06rem;--wp--preset--shadow--natural: 6px 6px 9px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--deep: 12px 12px 50px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);--wp--preset--shadow--sharp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--outlined: 6px 6px 0px -3px rgba(255, 255, 255, 1), 6px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);--wp--preset--shadow--crisp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);}:where(.is-layout-flex){gap: 0.5em;}:where(.is-layout-grid){gap: 0.5em;}body .is-layout-flex{display: flex;}.is-layout-flex{flex-wrap: wrap;align-items: center;}.is-layout-flex > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}body .is-layout-grid{display: grid;}.is-layout-grid > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;}.has-black-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red) !important;}.has-very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-cool-to-warm-spectrum-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum) !important;}.has-blush-light-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple) !important;}.has-blush-bordeaux-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux) !important;}.has-luminous-dusk-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk) !important;}.has-pale-ocean-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean) !important;}.has-electric-grass-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass) !important;}.has-midnight-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--midnight) !important;}.has-small-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--small) !important;}.has-medium-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium) !important;}.has-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--large) !important;}.has-x-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--x-large) !important;} :where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;} :where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;} :root :where(.wp-block-pullquote){font-size: 1.5em;line-height: 1.6;} </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='ct_public_css-css' href='https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/cleantalk-spam-protect/css/cleantalk-public.min.css?ver=6.52' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='ct_email_decoder_css-css' href='https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/cleantalk-spam-protect/css/cleantalk-email-decoder.min.css?ver=6.52' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='cm-frontend-css' href='https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/constellation//assets/css/frontend.css?ver=6.7.2' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='cookie-notice-front-css' href='https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/cookie-notice/css/front.min.css?ver=2.5.5' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='likebtn_style-css' href='https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/likebtn-like-button/public/css/style.css?ver=6.7.2' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='usp_style-css' href='https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/user-submitted-posts/resources/usp.css?ver=20191110' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='video_popup_close_icon-css' href='https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/video-popup/css/vp-close-icon/close-button-icon.css?ver=1743707096' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='oba_youtubepopup_css-css' href='https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/video-popup/css/YouTubePopUp.css?ver=1743707096' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='rss-retriever-css' href='https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-rss-retriever/inc/css/rss-retriever.css?ver=1.6.5' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='ppress-frontend-css' href='https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-user-avatar/assets/css/frontend.min.css?ver=4.15.22' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='ppress-flatpickr-css' href='https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-user-avatar/assets/flatpickr/flatpickr.min.css?ver=4.15.22' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='ppress-select2-css' href='https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-user-avatar/assets/select2/select2.min.css?ver=6.7.2' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='audioigniter-css' href='https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/audioigniter/player/build/style.css?ver=2.0.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='crp-style-rounded-thumbs-css' href='https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/contextual-related-posts/css/rounded-thumbs.min.css?ver=3.6.2' type='text/css' media='all' /> <style id='crp-style-rounded-thumbs-inline-css' type='text/css'> .crp_related.crp-rounded-thumbs a { width: 150px; height: 150px; text-decoration: none; } .crp_related.crp-rounded-thumbs img { max-width: 150px; margin: auto; } .crp_related.crp-rounded-thumbs .crp_title { width: 100%; } </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wordpress-popular-posts-css-css' href='https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/wordpress-popular-posts/assets/css/wpp.css?ver=7.2.0' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='plsh-bootstrap-css' href='https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/themes/goliath/theme/assets/css/bootstrap.min.css?ver=6.7.2' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='plsh-font-awesome-css' href='https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/themes/goliath/theme/assets/css/font-awesome.min.css?ver=6.7.2' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='plsh-main-css' href='https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/themes/goliath/theme/assets/css/main.css?ver=6.7.2' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='plsh-tablet-css' href='https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/themes/goliath/theme/assets/css/tablet.css?ver=6.7.2' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='plsh-phone-css' href='https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/themes/goliath/theme/assets/css/phone.css?ver=6.7.2' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='plsh-woocommerce-css' href='https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/themes/goliath/theme/assets/css/woocommerce.css?ver=6.7.2' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='plsh-bbpress-css' href='https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/themes/goliath/theme/assets/css/bbpress.css?ver=6.7.2' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='plsh-wordpress_style-css' href='https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/themes/goliath/theme/assets/css/wordpress.css?ver=6.7.2' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='plsh-sharrre-css' href='https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/themes/goliath/theme/assets/css/sharrre.css?ver=6.7.2' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='plsh-style-css' href='https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/themes/goliath/style.css?ver=6.7.2' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='plsh-google-fonts-css' href='https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans%3A400%2C700%2C900%7CLato%3A400%2C700%2C900&subset=latin%2Clatin-ext' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='mm-compiled-options-mobmenu-css' href='https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/uploads/dynamic-mobmenu.css?ver=2.8.7-864' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='mm-google-webfont-dosis-css' href='//fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Dosis%3Ainherit%2C400&subset=latin%2Clatin-ext&ver=6.7.2' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='mm-google-webfont-open-sans-css' href='//fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans%3Ainherit%2C400&subset=latin%2Clatin-ext&ver=6.7.2' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='addthis_all_pages-css' href='https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/addthis/frontend/build/addthis_wordpress_public.min.css?ver=6.7.2' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='bsf-Defaults-css' href='https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/uploads/smile_fonts/Defaults/Defaults.css?ver=3.19.15' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='cssmobmenu-icons-css' href='https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/mobile-menu/includes/css/mobmenu-icons.css?ver=6.7.2' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='cssmobmenu-css' href='https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/mobile-menu/includes/css/mobmenu.css?ver=2.8.7' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='um_modal-css' href='https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/ultimate-member/assets/css/um-modal.min.css?ver=2.10.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='um_ui-css' href='https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/ultimate-member/assets/libs/jquery-ui/jquery-ui.min.css?ver=1.13.2' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='um_tipsy-css' href='https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/ultimate-member/assets/libs/tipsy/tipsy.min.css?ver=1.0.0a' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='um_raty-css' href='https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/ultimate-member/assets/libs/raty/um-raty.min.css?ver=2.6.0' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='select2-css' href='https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/ultimate-member/assets/libs/select2/select2.min.css?ver=4.0.13' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='um_fileupload-css' href='https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/ultimate-member/assets/css/um-fileupload.min.css?ver=2.10.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='um_confirm-css' href='https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/ultimate-member/assets/libs/um-confirm/um-confirm.min.css?ver=1.0' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='um_datetime-css' href='https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/ultimate-member/assets/libs/pickadate/default.min.css?ver=3.6.2' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='um_datetime_date-css' href='https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/ultimate-member/assets/libs/pickadate/default.date.min.css?ver=3.6.2' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='um_datetime_time-css' href='https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/ultimate-member/assets/libs/pickadate/default.time.min.css?ver=3.6.2' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='um_fonticons_ii-css' href='https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/ultimate-member/assets/libs/legacy/fonticons/fonticons-ii.min.css?ver=2.10.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='um_fonticons_fa-css' href='https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/ultimate-member/assets/libs/legacy/fonticons/fonticons-fa.min.css?ver=2.10.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='um_fontawesome-css' href='https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/ultimate-member/assets/css/um-fontawesome.min.css?ver=6.5.2' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='um_common-css' href='https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/ultimate-member/assets/css/common.min.css?ver=2.10.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='um_responsive-css' href='https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/ultimate-member/assets/css/um-responsive.min.css?ver=2.10.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='um_styles-css' href='https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/ultimate-member/assets/css/um-styles.min.css?ver=2.10.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='um_crop-css' href='https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/ultimate-member/assets/libs/cropper/cropper.min.css?ver=1.6.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='um_profile-css' href='https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/ultimate-member/assets/css/um-profile.min.css?ver=2.10.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='um_account-css' href='https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/ultimate-member/assets/css/um-account.min.css?ver=2.10.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='um_misc-css' href='https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/ultimate-member/assets/css/um-misc.min.css?ver=2.10.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='um_default_css-css' href='https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/ultimate-member/assets/css/um-old-default.min.css?ver=2.10.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='um_old_css-css' href='https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/ultimate-member/../../uploads/ultimatemember/um_old_settings.css?ver=2.0.0' type='text/css' media='all' /> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/google-analytics-for-wordpress/assets/js/frontend-gtag.min.js?ver=9.4.0" id="monsterinsights-frontend-script-js" async="async" data-wp-strategy="async"></script> <script data-cfasync="false" data-wpfc-render="false" type="text/javascript" id='monsterinsights-frontend-script-js-extra'>/* <![CDATA[ */ var monsterinsights_frontend = {"js_events_tracking":"true","download_extensions":"doc,pdf,ppt,zip,xls,docx,pptx,xlsx","inbound_paths":"[]","home_url":"https:\/\/opendatascience.com","hash_tracking":"false","v4_id":"G-WQFN07TN9T"};/* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" data-pagespeed-no-defer src="https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/cleantalk-spam-protect/js/apbct-public-bundle.min.js?ver=6.52" id="ct_public_functions-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="cookie-notice-front-js-before"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var cnArgs = {"ajaxUrl":"https:\/\/opendatascience.com\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","nonce":"aa1bfe7508","hideEffect":"fade","position":"bottom","onScroll":true,"onScrollOffset":100,"onClick":false,"cookieName":"cookie_notice_accepted","cookieTime":2592000,"cookieTimeRejected":2592000,"globalCookie":false,"redirection":false,"cache":false,"revokeCookies":true,"revokeCookiesOpt":"manual"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/cookie-notice/js/front.min.js?ver=2.5.5" id="cookie-notice-front-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="likebtn_frontend-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var likebtn_eh_data = {"ajaxurl":"https:\/\/opendatascience.com\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","security":"8743cb8f58"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/likebtn-like-button/public/js/frontend.js?ver=6.7.2" id="likebtn_frontend-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://opendatascience.com/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery.min.js?ver=3.7.1" id="jquery-core-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://opendatascience.com/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery-migrate.min.js?ver=3.4.1" id="jquery-migrate-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/user-submitted-posts/resources/jquery.cookie.js?ver=20191110" id="usp_cookie-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/user-submitted-posts/resources/jquery.parsley.min.js?ver=20191110" id="usp_parsley-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="usp_core-js-before"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var usp_custom_field = "usp_custom_field"; var usp_custom_checkbox = "usp_custom_checkbox"; var usp_case_sensitivity = "false"; var usp_challenge_response = "2"; var usp_min_images = 0; var usp_max_images = 1; var usp_parsley_error = "Incorrect response."; var usp_multiple_cats = 0; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/user-submitted-posts/resources/jquery.usp.core.js?ver=20191110" id="usp_core-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/video-popup/js/YouTubePopUp.jquery.js?ver=1743707096" id="oba_youtubepopup_plugin-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/video-popup/js/YouTubePopUp.js?ver=1743707096" id="oba_youtubepopup_activate-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-user-avatar/assets/flatpickr/flatpickr.min.js?ver=4.15.22" id="ppress-flatpickr-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-user-avatar/assets/select2/select2.min.js?ver=4.15.22" id="ppress-select2-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/themes/goliath/theme/assets/js/vendor/modernizr-2.6.2-respond-1.1.0.min.js?ver=6.7.2" id="plsh-modernizr-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://s7.addthis.com/js/300/addthis_widget.js?ver=6.7.2#pubid=wp-f9e5db9af4cb6ad092321d4c474c377e" id="addthis_widget-js"></script> <!-- Google tag (gtag.js) snippet added by Site Kit --> <!-- Google Analytics snippet added by Site Kit --> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-WQFN07TN9T" id="google_gtagjs-js" async></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="google_gtagjs-js-after"> /* <![CDATA[ */ window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || [];function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag("set","linker",{"domains":["opendatascience.com"]}); gtag("js", new Date()); gtag("set", "developer_id.dZTNiMT", true); gtag("config", "G-WQFN07TN9T"); /* ]]> */ </script> <!-- End Google tag (gtag.js) snippet added by Site Kit --> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/mobile-menu/includes/js/mobmenu.js?ver=2.8.7" id="mobmenujs-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/ultimate-member/assets/js/um-gdpr.min.js?ver=2.10.1" id="um-gdpr-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-quicklatex/js/wp-quicklatex-frontend.js?ver=1.0" id="wp-quicklatex-frontend-js"></script> <link rel="https://api.w.org/" href="https://opendatascience.com/wp-json/" /><link rel="alternate" title="JSON" type="application/json" href="https://opendatascience.com/wp-json/wp/v2/tags/88" /><link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" title="RSD" href="https://opendatascience.com/xmlrpc.php?rsd" /> <!-- start Simple Custom CSS and JS --> <style type="text/css"> /* Add your CSS code here. For example: .example { color: red; } For brushing up on your CSS knowledge, check out http://www.w3schools.com/css/css_syntax.asp End of comment */ /*.crp_thumb { width: 80%; }*/ .post-item .legend-default { display: block!important; } .header .logo-image { float: left; padding-top: 0px!important; margin-top: -54px!important; } .hiremenu{ background: #1979bf;} .header .logo-image { float: left; padding-top: 0px!important; /*margin-top: -52px!important;*/ } .crp_related_widget figure {display:inline;} .post-1 .post ul li { padding: 0; font-weight: normal; } .leadinModal.leadinModal-theme-default.leadinModal-v3 .leadinModal-content { border-top-width: 0; background-color: #EBEBEB; padding: 0; width: 46em!important; max-height: 100%!important; } .likebtn_container { margin-bottom: 30px;} .single-post pre { background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05)!important; } /* .single-post pre span { color: #000000!important; }*/ .g-recaptcha-response{visibility: hidden;} #text-4 p{text-align:left;} #text-4 a:hover{color:#1fbdef!important} #text-4 .title-default{display:none;} #text-4 .widget-content{padding-top:0px!important} .crp_title{ float: right; width: 65%; font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-weight: 900; } .crp_thumb { width: 30%; } .crp_related_widget li{ margin-bottom: 20px; } .hbspt-form { border: 1px solid #1fbdef!important; padding: 10px; } .hs-button {display: table!important; margin: 0 auto!important;} .hs-input[type=checkbox]{ border: none; box-shadow: none!important; width: 10%!important;} .botmen { background: none; z-index: 999; } .hs-richtext h5{ font-family: Open Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 20px; text-align: center; color: #1fbdef;} .hs-field-desc{text-align:center} @media only screen and (max-width: 1023px) { #searchformmobile{display:block!important;} .header .logo-image { float: left; padding-top: 0px!important; margin-top: 0px!important; margin-bottom: 15px; } } #searchformmobile{display:none;} .linkic{width: 100%; height: 100%; position: absolute;} .overl{ position: absolute; top: 35%; background: url(https://staging4.odsc.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/play-white.svg); width: 20%; background-repeat: no-repeat; left: 40%; height: 100%;} #searchform { padding: 10px 17px;} .botmen .nav li > a:hover{color: #196cb4!important;} .sea{ background-image: url(https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/search.png); background-position: 7px 7px; background-repeat: no-repeat; } .menu .nav .search .form-control { position: absolute; background: white!important; background-color: white!important; border: 1px solid #fdfcfc!important; top: 7px; left: 50px!important; opacity: 1!important; width: 100px; /* transition: all 0.3s cubic-bezier(0.175, 0.885, 0.32, 1.275) 0.07s; */ } .image.limited-width img{width:100%} .header .logo-image { float: left; padding-top: 0px!important; margin-top: -10px; } .single_job_listing .company img{margin-top:-10px;} .type-job_listing .image.limited-width{display:none!important;} .type-job_listing .title p{display:none!important;} .author.url.fn, .legend-default .fa-user{display:none;} .post-item a[rel~="external"]{ display:none; } .tagy { color: #777474; /* background: #383b51; */ margin-right: 3px; /* margin-left: 3px; */ padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; font-size: 11px; line-height: 11px; border-right: 1px solid #e2e1e1; } .tag-defaultic { background: #166fb7; color: #fff; padding-left: 2px; padding-right: 2px; } .forum-archive .sajd{display:none;} .forum-template-default .sajd{display:none;} .bbpress .sajd{display:none;} .topic-template-default .sajd{display:none;} .post-item.featured .intros{display:none} .post-item.featured .tagy,.post-item.featured .tag-default, .post-item.featured .legend-default { display:inline-block; } .bbpress button:hover, .bbp-form button:hover, .bbp_widget_login button:hover { color: #252525 !important; background: #23bdef; } .main-sidebar { /* width: 450px!important; float: right!important;*/ } .post-item.featured .author-default{display:inline-block!important} .author-default{display:inline-block!important} .post-item .tagy{ display:none; } .post-item-overlay .tagy{ display:inline-block!important; color: #f3eeee; } .wpp-post-title { font-size: 20px; line-height: 25px; font-weight: 900; } .post-item .tag-default{ display:none; } .wpp-views { margin-left: 5px; } .wpp-meta, .post-stats { display: block; font-size: 13px; font-weight: bold; padding-top: 5px; margin-left: 5px; } .wpp-list li { padding-bottom: 20px; } .post-item-overlay .tag-default{ display:inline-block!important; } .legend-default i { margin: 0 2px 0 0!important; } .popular-posts {list-style:none} .post-item .legend-default{ display:none; } .wpp-list { padding-left: 0px; } .post-item-overlay .legend-default{ display:inline-block!important; } .post-item-overlay .legend-default{ display:inline-block!important;color: #f3eeee; } .post-block-2 .post-item .title .legend-default{ display:inline-block!important; } .post-block-2 .post-item h2 { margin: 0 0 3px 0; font-size: 17px!important; line-height: 21px; font-weight: 900; } .post-item.featured .intro{ margin-bottom: 10px;} body:not(.ready) #customize-save-button-wrapper .save { visibility:visible!important; } .footer { width: 100%!important;} .navbar-default{ background: #383b51;} .respo{display:none!important;} .hbspt-form{ border: 1px solid #383b51; padding: 10px; } .hs-form-required{display:none;} .actions {margin-top:0px!important; margin-bottom:0px!important;padding-bottom:0px!important;padding-top:0px!important;} .hs-input { box-sizing: border-box; max-width: 500px; width: 95%!important; }</style> <!-- end Simple Custom CSS and JS --> <meta name="generator" content="Site Kit by Google 1.149.1" /> <!-- DO NOT COPY THIS SNIPPET! Start of Page Analytics Tracking for HubSpot WordPress plugin v11.2.9--> <script class="hsq-set-content-id" data-content-id="listing-page"> var _hsq = _hsq || []; _hsq.push(["setContentType", "listing-page"]); </script> <!-- DO NOT COPY THIS SNIPPET! End of Page Analytics Tracking for HubSpot WordPress plugin --> <script async src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-7722455803400496" crossorigin="anonymous"></script> <!-- Global site tag (gtag.js) - Google Ads: 836081199 --> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=AW-836081199"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'AW-836081199'); </script> <script type="text/javascript">//<![CDATA[ function external_links_in_new_windows_loop() { if (!document.links) { document.links = document.getElementsByTagName('a'); } var change_link = false; var force = ''; var ignore = ''; for (var t=0; t<document.links.length; t++) { var all_links = document.links[t]; change_link = false; if(document.links[t].hasAttribute('onClick') == false) { // forced if the address starts with http (or also https), but does not link to the current domain if(all_links.href.search(/^http/) != -1 && all_links.href.search('opendatascience.com') == -1 && all_links.href.search(/^#/) == -1) { // console.log('Changed ' + all_links.href); change_link = true; } if(force != '' && all_links.href.search(force) != -1) { // forced // console.log('force ' + all_links.href); change_link = true; } if(ignore != '' && all_links.href.search(ignore) != -1) { // console.log('ignore ' + all_links.href); // ignored change_link = false; } if(change_link == true) { // console.log('Changed ' + all_links.href); document.links[t].setAttribute('onClick', 'javascript:window.open(\'' + all_links.href.replace(/'/g, '') + '\', \'_blank\', \'noopener\'); return false;'); document.links[t].removeAttribute('target'); } } } } // Load function external_links_in_new_windows_load(func) { var oldonload = window.onload; if (typeof window.onload != 'function'){ window.onload = func; } else { window.onload = function(){ oldonload(); func(); } } } external_links_in_new_windows_load(external_links_in_new_windows_loop); //]]></script> <script type='text/javascript'> var video_popup_unprm_general_settings = { 'unprm_r_border': '' }; </script> <script type="text/javascript"> (function(url){ if(/(?:Chrome\/26\.0\.1410\.63 Safari\/537\.31|WordfenceTestMonBot)/.test(navigator.userAgent)){ return; } var addEvent = function(evt, handler) { if (window.addEventListener) { document.addEventListener(evt, handler, false); } else if (window.attachEvent) { document.attachEvent('on' + evt, handler); } }; var removeEvent = function(evt, handler) { if (window.removeEventListener) { document.removeEventListener(evt, handler, false); } else if (window.detachEvent) { document.detachEvent('on' + evt, handler); } }; var evts = 'contextmenu dblclick drag dragend dragenter dragleave dragover dragstart drop keydown keypress keyup mousedown mousemove mouseout mouseover mouseup mousewheel scroll'.split(' '); var logHuman = function() { if (window.wfLogHumanRan) { return; } window.wfLogHumanRan = true; var wfscr = document.createElement('script'); wfscr.type = 'text/javascript'; wfscr.async = true; wfscr.src = url + '&r=' + Math.random(); (document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0]||document.getElementsByTagName('body')[0]).appendChild(wfscr); for (var i = 0; i < evts.length; i++) { removeEvent(evts[i], logHuman); } }; for (var i = 0; i < evts.length; i++) { addEvent(evts[i], logHuman); } })('//opendatascience.com/?wordfence_lh=1&hid=4527922F2C04B145F68A7EDB1A07DEB0'); </script> <style id="wpp-loading-animation-styles">@-webkit-keyframes bgslide{from{background-position-x:0}to{background-position-x:-200%}}@keyframes bgslide{from{background-position-x:0}to{background-position-x:-200%}}.wpp-widget-block-placeholder,.wpp-shortcode-placeholder{margin:0 auto;width:60px;height:3px;background:#dd3737;background:linear-gradient(90deg,#dd3737 0%,#571313 10%,#dd3737 100%);background-size:200% auto;border-radius:3px;-webkit-animation:bgslide 1s infinite linear;animation:bgslide 1s infinite linear}</style> <style type="text/css">body { background-image: none; } body { background-size: auto; }body { background-color:#ffffff; } body { background-repeat:repeat; } body { background-attachment:scroll; } body:after { background-color:#ffffff; } body:after { border-left:1px solid #ffffff; } body:after { border-right:1px solid #ffffff; } body:after { opacity:1; } body, .form-control { font-family:Open Sans, Arial, sans-serif; } .header .logo-text { font-family:Lato, Arial, sans-serif; } .menu .nav > .menu-item > a, .default-dropdown { font-family:Open Sans, Arial, sans-serif; } .title-default { font-family:Lato, Arial, sans-serif; } body { color:#606060; } a { color:#252525; } .tag-1, .form-control { border:1px solid #e1e3ed; } .tag-1 s, .form-control { border-left:1px solid #e1e3ed; } .panel-default, .slider-tabs .items .item, .widget-tabs .items, .blog-block-1 .post-item, .blog-block-2 .post-item { border-bottom:1px solid #e1e3ed; } .post-1 .overview, .post-1-navbar li a, .post table td, .post table tbody th, .photo-galleries .items, .post table thead th, .widget-content { border-bottom:1px solid #e1e3ed; } .widget-tabs .post-item, .archives .table td, .post-block-1 .post-item, .post-block-2 .post-item, .post-1 .overview .items .row, .comments ul > li, .goliath_archive .items ul li { border-top:1px solid #e1e3ed; } .post-1-navbar { border-top:3px solid #e1e3ed; } @media only screen and (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 1320px) {.post-1-navbar li a { border-right:1px solid #e1e3ed; } }.read-progress, .search-results .gallery-widget:after, .post-1 .overview .items .rating .content span { background:#e1e3ed; } .title-default { box-shadow:#e1e3ed 0 -3px 0 inset; } .post-block-1 .slider .thumbs { box-shadow:0 -3px 0 #e1e3ed inset; } .post-1-navbar { box-shadow:0 -1px 0 #e1e3ed inset; } .copyright { box-shadow:#e1e3ed 0 -3px 0 inset; } .gallery-item-open .thumbs { box-shadow:0 -3px 0 #e1e3ed inset; } .form-control:focus { border:1px solid #d9d9d9; } .pagination a, .pagination span, .back-to-top, .back-to-top:hover { border-bottom:1px solid #d9d9d9!important; } .slider-tabs .items .item, .widget-tabs .items, .post-1 .overview .items, .widget-content { background:#fff; } .carousel-control.left, .carousel-control.right { background:#fff; } .button-1.white, .form-control, .post code, .post pre, .pagination a { background:#fff; } .form-control { color:#252525; } .title-default > a:hover, .title-default > a.active, .title-default .view-all:hover:after, .trending .controls a:hover, .trending .controls a.active, .title-default > span.active { color:#1fbdef; } .title-default > a.active { box-shadow:#1fbdef 0 -3px 0 inset; } .title-default > span.active { box-shadow:#1fbdef 0 -3px 0 inset; } .back-to-top, .btn-default, .show-more-link:hover:after, .carousel-control { color:#1fbdef; } .tag-default, .stars { background:#1fbdef; } .post-image-sharrre { background:#1fbdef; } .trending .hotness { color:#1fbdef; } .woocommerce .products .star-rating, .woocommerce-page .products .star-rating, .woocommerce .star-rating, .woocommerce-page .star-rating, .woocommerce .widget_price_filter .ui-slider .ui-slider-range, .woocommerce-page .widget_price_filter .ui-slider .ui-slider-range, .woocommerce .widget_layered_nav_filters ul li a, .woocommerce-page .widget_layered_nav_filters ul li a { background-color:#1fbdef; } .woocommerce ul.products li.product a:hover img, .woocommerce-page ul.products li.product a:hover img, .woocommerce .widget_layered_nav_filters ul li a, .woocommerce-page .widget_layered_nav_filters ul li a { border:1px solid #1fbdef; } footer .title-default > span.active { color:#1fbdef; } footer .title-default > span.active { box-shadow:#1fbdef 0 -3px 0 inset; } a:hover, .trending .social a:hover, .legend-default a:hover, .tag-default:hover, .more-link:hover:after, .reply-link:hover:after, .title-default .go-back:hover:after { color:#1fbdef; } .post-1 .post .gallery-widget a:hover, .panel-default .panel-title a, .hotness { color:#1fbdef; } .header .logo-text h2, .menu .nav li > a:hover, .menu .nav li > a:hover:after, .menu .nav .new-stories.new a, .navbar .dropdown.open > a, .navbar .dropdown.open > a:hover { color:#1fbdef; } .navbar .dropdown.open .dropdown-toggle:after, .menu .dropdown-menu .items .item a:hover, .menu .dropdown-menu .sorting a:hover, .menu .dropdown-menu .post-block-1 .post-item h2 a:hover { color:#1fbdef; } .mosaic a:hover, .slider-tabs .post-item-overlay h2 a:hover, .widget-tabs .post-item-overlay .title h2 a:hover, .post-block-1 .post-item-overlay h2 a:hover { color:#1fbdef; } .post-block-2 .post-item-featured-overlay h2 a:hover, .post-block-2 .post-item-overlay .title h2 a:hover, .post-block-3 .post-item-overlay .title h2 a:hover, .blog-block-1 .post-item-overlay h2 a:hover, .blog-block-2 .post-item-overlay h2 a:hover { color:#1fbdef; } .post-1 .post p a, .post-1 .post .gallery-widget a:hover, .post-1-navbar li a:hover:after, .post-1-navbar li.active a, .post-1-navbar li.active a:hover:after { color:#1fbdef; } .post code, .post pre, .about-author .about .social a:hover, .sticky:after, .latest-galleries .gallery-item a:hover, .gallery-item-open .control a:hover, .footer a:hover, .copyright a:hover { color:#1fbdef; } .more-link, .reply-link, .show-more-link, .carousel-control:hover, .carousel-control:active, .pagination .active a, .pagination span, .comment-reply-link { color:#1fbdef!important; } .button-1 { color:#1fbdef; } .wpb_tabs .wpb_tabs_nav > li.ui-tabs-active > a, .wpb_accordion .wpb_accordion_wrapper .ui-accordion-header-active a, .wpb_toggle.wpb_toggle_title_active, .wpb_tour .wpb_tabs_nav li.ui-tabs-active a { color:#1fbdef; } .menu .nav .dropdown-menu li.active > a:hover, .header .logo-text h2 a, .pagination span, #reply-title a, .comment-reply-link:hover:after, .latest-galleries .carousel-control i, .wpcf7 input[type=submit] { color:#1fbdef; } .back-to-top:hover, .tag-1.active, .tag-1.active:hover span, .carousel-control:hover, .read-progress span, .navbar-wrapper-responsive .bars.open > a, .post-1 .overview .items .rating .content span s { background:#1fbdef!important; } .menu .nav > .active > a, .menu .nav > .active > a:hover, .menu .nav > .active:hover > a, .btn-default:hover, .menu .dropdown-menu .btn-default:hover, .button-1:hover, .button-1.color:hover, .button-1.white:hover { background:#1fbdef; } .post q, blockquote, .post dl { border-left:3px solid #1fbdef; } .post-block-1 .slider .thumbs .active, .post-block-1 .slider .thumbs a:hover, .gallery-item-open .thumbs .active, .gallery-item-open .thumbs a:hover { box-shadow:0 -3px 0 #1fbdef inset; } .menu .container { box-shadow:#1fbdef 0 3px 0; } .dropdown-menu { box-shadow:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2) 0 3px 0 0, #000 0 -1px 0 inset, #1fbdef 0 3px 0 inset; } .wpb_tabs .wpb_tabs_nav > li.ui-tabs-active > a { box-shadow:#1fbdef 0 -3px 0 inset; } .tag-1.active { border:1px solid #1fbdef !important; } .navbar-wrapper-responsive .menu .nav .search:after { color:#1fbdef !important; } .affix .navbar { box-shadow:#1fbdef 0 -3px 0 inset; } .woocommerce #content input.button, .woocommerce #respond input#submit, .woocommerce a.button, .woocommerce button.button, .woocommerce input.button, .woocommerce-page #content input.button, .woocommerce-page #respond input#submit, .woocommerce-page a.button, .woocommerce-page button.button, .woocommerce-page input.button { color:#1fbdef; } .woocommerce #content input.button:hover, .woocommerce #respond input#submit:hover, .woocommerce a.button:hover, .woocommerce button.button:hover, .woocommerce input.button:hover, .woocommerce-page #content input.button:hover, .woocommerce-page #respond input#submit:hover, .woocommerce-page a.button:hover, .woocommerce-page button.button:hover, .woocommerce-page input.button:hover { background-color:#1fbdef; } .woocommerce #content input.button.alt:hover, .woocommerce #respond input#submit.alt:hover, .woocommerce a.button.alt:hover, .woocommerce button.button.alt:hover, .woocommerce input.button.alt:hover, .woocommerce-page #content input.button.alt:hover, .woocommerce-page #respond input#submit.alt:hover, .woocommerce-page a.button.alt:hover, .woocommerce-page button.button.alt:hover, .woocommerce-page input.button.alt:hover { background-color:#1fbdef!important; } .woocommerce #content div.product .woocommerce-tabs ul.tabs li.active, .woocommerce div.product .woocommerce-tabs ul.tabs li.active, .woocommerce-page #content div.product .woocommerce-tabs ul.tabs li.active, .woocommerce-page div.product .woocommerce-tabs ul.tabs li.active { box-shadow:#1fbdef 0 -3px 0 inset; } .woocommerce #content div.product .woocommerce-tabs ul.tabs li.active, .woocommerce div.product .woocommerce-tabs ul.tabs li.active, .woocommerce-page #content div.product .woocommerce-tabs ul.tabs li.active, .woocommerce-page div.product .woocommerce-tabs ul.tabs li.active, .woocommerce-page .cart-collaterals .shipping_calculator h2 a, .woocommerce .addresses .edit, .widget_shopping_cart .total .amount { color:#1fbdef; } .back-to-top, .btn-default { background:#e7e7e7; } .pagination a, .pagination span { background:#e7e7e7!important; } .menu .container, .affix .navbar, .menu .dropdown-menu .btn-default { background:#383b51; } .menu .nav li > a, .menu .dropdown-menu .btn-default { color:#fff; } .constellation .dropdown-menu { background:#333; } .navbar-wrapper-responsive .dropdown-menu.full-width { background:#333; } .footer { background:#383b51; } .blog-block-2 .post-item-overlay, .post-block-1 .post-item-overlay, .post-block-2 .post-item-overlay, .slider-tabs .post-item-overlay, .widget-tabs .post-item-overlay, .blog-block-1 .post-item-overlay, .post-block-3 .post-item-overlay { background:#383b51; } .blog-block-2 .post-item-overlay, .post-block-1 .post-item-overlay, .post-block-2 .post-item-overlay, .slider-tabs .post-item-overlay, .widget-tabs .post-item-overlay, .blog-block-1 .post-item-overlay, .post-block-3 .post-item-overlay { color:#ffffff; } .blog-block-2 .post-item-overlay h2 a, .post-block-1 .post-item-overlay h2 a, .post-block-2 .post-item-overlay .title h2 a, .slider-tabs .post-item-overlay h2 a, .widget-tabs .post-item-overlay .title h2 a, .blog-block-1 .post-item-overlay h2 a, .post-block-3 .post-item-overlay .title h2 a, .info-box.success p, .info-box.warning p { color:#ffffff; } </style> <!--Customizer CSS--> <style type="text/css"> </style> <!--/Customizer CSS --> <!-- User css --> <style type="text/css"> </style> <!--/User CSS --> <!-- User JS --> <script type="text/javascript"> </script> <!--/User JS --> <!-- Javascript settings --> <script type="text/javascript"> var plsh_settings = new Object(); </script> <!-- Javascript settings --> <meta name="generator" content="Planetshine - Goliath - 1.0.35"> <!-- Meta Pixel Code --> <script type='text/javascript'> !function(f,b,e,v,n,t,s){if(f.fbq)return;n=f.fbq=function(){n.callMethod? n.callMethod.apply(n,arguments):n.queue.push(arguments)};if(!f._fbq)f._fbq=n; n.push=n;n.loaded=!0;n.version='2.0';n.queue=[];t=b.createElement(e);t.async=!0; t.src=v;s=b.getElementsByTagName(e)[0];s.parentNode.insertBefore(t,s)}(window, document,'script','https://connect.facebook.net/en_US/fbevents.js?v=next'); </script> <!-- End Meta Pixel Code --> <script type='text/javascript'> var url = window.location.origin + '?ob=open-bridge'; fbq('set', 'openbridge', '926010930818184', url); </script> <script type='text/javascript'>fbq('init', '926010930818184', {}, { "agent": "wordpress-6.7.2-4.1.2" })</script><script type='text/javascript'> fbq('track', 'PageView', []); </script><meta name="generator" content="Powered by WPBakery Page Builder - drag and drop page builder for WordPress."/> <style type="text/css" id="custom-background-css"> body.custom-background { background-color: #ffffff; } </style> <link rel="preload" as="style" href="https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/code-prettify/prettify/prettify.css" /><script data-cfasync="false" type="text/javascript">if (window.addthis_product === undefined) { window.addthis_product = "wpp"; } if (window.wp_product_version === undefined) { window.wp_product_version = "wpp-6.2.7"; } if (window.addthis_share === undefined) { window.addthis_share = {}; } if (window.addthis_config === undefined) { window.addthis_config = {"data_track_clickback":true,"ignore_server_config":true,"ui_atversion":300}; } if (window.addthis_layers === undefined) { window.addthis_layers = {}; } if (window.addthis_layers_tools === undefined) { window.addthis_layers_tools = [{"responsiveshare":{"numPreferredServices":10,"counts":"none","size":"32px","style":"responsive","shareCountThreshold":0,"services":"facebook,twitter,email,pinterest_share,linkedin,addthis","elements":".addthis_inline_share_toolbox_ht5n,.at-above-post,.at-below-post","id":"responsiveshare"}}]; } else { window.addthis_layers_tools.push({"responsiveshare":{"numPreferredServices":10,"counts":"none","size":"32px","style":"responsive","shareCountThreshold":0,"services":"facebook,twitter,email,pinterest_share,linkedin,addthis","elements":".addthis_inline_share_toolbox_ht5n,.at-above-post,.at-below-post","id":"responsiveshare"}}); } if (window.addthis_plugin_info === undefined) { window.addthis_plugin_info = {"info_status":"enabled","cms_name":"WordPress","plugin_name":"Share Buttons by AddThis","plugin_version":"6.2.7","plugin_mode":"WordPress","anonymous_profile_id":"wp-f9e5db9af4cb6ad092321d4c474c377e","page_info":{"template":"archives","post_type":""},"sharing_enabled_on_post_via_metabox":false}; } (function() { var first_load_interval_id = setInterval(function () { if (typeof window.addthis !== 'undefined') { window.clearInterval(first_load_interval_id); if (typeof window.addthis_layers !== 'undefined' && Object.getOwnPropertyNames(window.addthis_layers).length > 0) { window.addthis.layers(window.addthis_layers); } if (Array.isArray(window.addthis_layers_tools)) { for (i = 0; i < window.addthis_layers_tools.length; i++) { window.addthis.layers(window.addthis_layers_tools[i]); } } } },1000) }()); </script> <style type="text/css" id="wp-custom-css"> #customize-save-button-wrapper .save { float: left; display: block!important; visibility: visible!important; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; margin-top: 0; } </style> <noscript><style> .wpb_animate_when_almost_visible { opacity: 1; }</style></noscript> </head> <body data-rsssl=1 class="archive tag tag-nlp tag-88 custom-background preload cookies-not-set mob-menu-slideout-over wpb-js-composer js-comp-ver-6.9.0 vc_responsive"> <!-- Google Tag Manager (noscript) --> <noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-M62L34N" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript> <!-- End Google Tag Manager (noscript) --> <div class="navbar-wrapper navbar-wrapper-responsive respo"> <div class="navbar navbar-default menu" > <div class="container"> <ul class="nav"> <li class="active"> </li> <li class="dropdown bars"> <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown"><i class="fa fa-bars"></i></a> </li> <li class="dropdown search"> <form method="get" action="https://opendatascience.com/"> <input type="text" name="s" class="form-control" placeholder="search here" /> </form> <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown"><i class="fa fa-search"></i></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <!-- Menu --> <div class="navbar-wrapper"> <div class="navbar navbar-default menu"> <center> <div class=""> <div class="default-menu"><ul id="topmenu" class="nav"><li id="menu-item-15433" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-15433 dropdown"><a title="ODSC Conferences" target="_blank" href="http://odsc.com" class="dropdown-toggle" aria-haspopup="true">ODSC Conferences <span class="caret"></span></a> <div class="dropdown-menu default-dropdown"><ul role="menu" > <li id="menu-item-14780" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-14780"><a title="ODSC EAST" target="_blank" href="https://odsc.com/boston">ODSC EAST</a></li> <li id="menu-item-14782" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-14782"><a title="ODSC WEST" target="_blank" href="https://odsc.com/california">ODSC WEST</a></li> <li id="menu-item-14781" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-14781"><a title="ODSC EUROPE" target="_blank" href="https://odsc.com/europe/">ODSC EUROPE</a></li> <li id="menu-item-18616" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-18616"><a title="ODSC APAC" target="_blank" href="https://odsc.com/apac/">ODSC APAC</a></li> </ul></div> </li> <li id="menu-item-25736" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-25736"><a title="MEETUPS" target="_blank" href="https://www.meetup.com/open-data-odsc/">MEETUPS</a></li> <li id="menu-item-15398" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-15398"><a title="AI+ Training" target="_blank" href="https://aiplus.odsc.com/">AI+ Training</a></li> <li id="menu-item-14785" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-14785"><a title="Newsletter" target="_blank" href="https://opendatascience.com/newsletter/">Newsletter</a></li> <li id="menu-item-47915" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-47915"><a title="Jobs" href="https://jobs.opendatascience.com/">Jobs</a></li> <li id="menu-item-25737" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-25737"><a title="Speak at ODSC" target="_blank" href="https://odsc.com/california/call-for-speakers-west/">Speak at ODSC</a></li> <li class="search"><form role="search" method="get" id="searchform" action="https://opendatascience.com/"><input style="width:70px;" type="text" value="Search" name="s" id="s" /><input type="submit" id="searchsubmit" value="Search" /></form></li></ul></div> <ul class="nav secondary-menu"> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom dropdown search"> <form method="get" action="https://opendatascience.com/" class="search"> <input type="text" name="s" class="form-control" placeholder="search here" /> <label id="apbct_label_id_24478" class="apbct_special_field"><input class="apbct_special_field apbct__email_id__search_form" name="apbct_email_id__search_form" type="text" size="30" maxlength="200" autocomplete="off" value="" /></label><input id="apbct_submit_id__search_form" class="apbct_special_field apbct__email_id__search_form" name="apbct_submit_id__search_form" type="submit" size="30" maxlength="200" value="33071" /></form> <a href="#" data-toggle="dropdown" data-hover="dropdown" class="dropdown-toggle disabled" aria-haspopup="true"><i class="fa fa-search"></i></a> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-spacer"></li> </ul> </div> </center> </div> </div><div id="particles"></div> <!-- Header --> <header class="container header"> <div class="logo-image"> <a href="https://opendatascience.com/"><img src="https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/uploads/goliath/highresodsclogo.png" alt=""></a> </div> <form role="search" method="get" id="searchformmobile" action="/"><input style="width:70px;" type="text" value="" name="s" id="s" placeholder="keywords" /><input type="submit" id="searchsubmit" value="Search" /></form> <div class="banner-728x90 "><a href="https://odsc.com/boston/" target="_blank"><img src="https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/uploads/goliath/Week%20of%20March%2017%20Blog%20Banners_bootcamp_728x90_.png" alt="east top 2"></a></div> <!--<div class="vc_row wpb_row vc_row-fluid"><div class="wpb_column vc_column_container vc_col-sm-4"><div class="vc_column-inner "><div class="wpb_wrapper"> <div class="logo-image"> <a href="https://opendatascience.com/"><img src="https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/uploads/goliath/highresodsclogo.png" alt=""></a> </div> </div></div></div><div class="wpb_column vc_column_container vc_col-sm-8"><div class="vc_column-inner "><div class="wpb_wrapper"><img src="https://newsite.opendatascience.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/thb_728_tech-1.png" style="width: 100%;"></div></div></div></div> --> </header> <!-- Menu responsive --> <!--<div class="navbar-wrapper navbar-wrapper-responsive"> <div class="navbar navbar-default menu"> <div class="container"> <ul class="nav"> <li class="active"> </li> <li class="dropdown bars"> <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown"><i class="fa fa-bars"></i></a> <div class="dropdown-menu full-width mobile-menu"><ul id="mobile-menu" class=""><li id="menu-item-8020" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-8020"><a href="https://opendatascience.com/category/modeling/">Modeling</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-46773" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-46773"><a href="https://opendatascience.com/category/modeling/data-analytics/">Data Analytics</a></li> <li id="menu-item-45703" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-45703"><a href="https://opendatascience.com/category/modeling/data-engineering/">Data Engineering</a></li> <li id="menu-item-37919" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-37919"><a href="https://opendatascience.com/category/modeling/data-visualization/">Data Visualization</a></li> <li id="menu-item-17010" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-17010"><a href="https://opendatascience.com/category/modeling/deep-learning/">Deep Learning</a></li> <li id="menu-item-41544" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-41544"><a href="https://opendatascience.com/category/modeling/generative-ai/">Generative AI</a></li> <li id="menu-item-25739" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-25739"><a href="https://opendatascience.com/category/modeling/machine-learning/">Machine Learning</a></li> <li id="menu-item-17011" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-17011"><a href="https://opendatascience.com/category/modeling/nlp-text-analytics/">NLP and LLMs</a></li> <li id="menu-item-45702" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-45702"><a href="https://opendatascience.com/category/tools-languages/python/">Python</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-15400" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-15400"><a href="https://opendatascience.com/category/accelerate-ai">Business & Use Cases</a></li> <li id="menu-item-25741" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-25741"><a href="https://opendatascience.com/category/careers/">Career Advice</a></li> <li id="menu-item-25748" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-25748"><a href="https://opendatascience.com/join-the-open-data-science-contributor-community/">Write for us</a></li> <li id="menu-item-25743" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-25743"><a href="#">Community</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-32624" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-32624"><a href="https://hubs.li/Q02zdcSk0">ODSC Community Slack Channel</a></li> <li id="menu-item-35201" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-35201"><a href="https://aiplus.odsc.com/bundles/odsc-webinars">Meetups</a></li> <li id="menu-item-45704" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-45704"><a href="https://odsc.substack.com/">Substack</a></li> <li id="menu-item-45705" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-45705"><a href="https://medium.com/@odsc">Medium</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-17803" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-17803"><a href="https://aiplus.training/events/">Upcoming Webinars</a></li> <li id="menu-item-45706" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-45706"><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/podcast/">Ai X Podcast</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-45707" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-45707"><a href="https://podcasts.apple.com/ua/podcast/odscs-ai-x-podcast/id1721516836">Apple</a></li> <li id="menu-item-45708" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-45708"><a href="https://open.spotify.com/show/0TJKGcQsIO0xr0kiLKhOER?si=6f0d4cc2bfbf4728&nd=1&dlsi=3893757b957e4a52">Spotify</a></li> <li id="menu-item-45709" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-45709"><a href="https://soundcloud.com/aixpodcast">SoundCloud</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-25742" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-25742"><a href="https://aiplus.odsc.com/collections">Training</a></li> </ul></div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div>--> <!-- Menu --> <div class="navbar-wrapper"> <div class="navbar navbar-default menu botmen cic" style=" background: #00A4D4;"> <center> <div class=""> <div class="default-menu"><ul id="menu-primarys" class="nav"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-8020 dropdown"><a title="Modeling" href="https://opendatascience.com/category/modeling/" class="dropdown-toggle" aria-haspopup="true">Modeling <span class="caret"></span></a> <div class="dropdown-menu default-dropdown"><ul role="menu" > <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-46773"><a title="Data Analytics" href="https://opendatascience.com/category/modeling/data-analytics/">Data Analytics</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-45703"><a title="Data Engineering" href="https://opendatascience.com/category/modeling/data-engineering/">Data Engineering</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-37919"><a title="Data Visualization" href="https://opendatascience.com/category/modeling/data-visualization/">Data Visualization</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-17010"><a title="Deep Learning" href="https://opendatascience.com/category/modeling/deep-learning/">Deep Learning</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-41544"><a title="Generative AI" href="https://opendatascience.com/category/modeling/generative-ai/">Generative AI</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-25739"><a title="Machine Learning" href="https://opendatascience.com/category/modeling/machine-learning/">Machine Learning</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-17011"><a title="NLP and LLMs" href="https://opendatascience.com/category/modeling/nlp-text-analytics/">NLP and LLMs</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-45702"><a title="Python" href="https://opendatascience.com/category/tools-languages/python/">Python</a></li> </ul></div> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-15400"><a title="Business & Use Cases" href="https://opendatascience.com/category/accelerate-ai">Business & Use Cases</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-25741"><a title="Career Advice" href="https://opendatascience.com/category/careers/">Career Advice</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-25748"><a title="Write for us" href="https://opendatascience.com/join-the-open-data-science-contributor-community/">Write for us</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-25743 dropdown"><a title="Community" href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" aria-haspopup="true">Community <span class="caret"></span></a> <div class="dropdown-menu default-dropdown"><ul role="menu" > <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-32624"><a title="ODSC Community Slack Channel" href="https://hubs.li/Q02zdcSk0">ODSC Community Slack Channel</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-35201"><a title="Meetups" href="https://aiplus.odsc.com/bundles/odsc-webinars">Meetups</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-45704"><a title="Substack" href="https://odsc.substack.com/">Substack</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-45705"><a title="Medium" href="https://medium.com/@odsc">Medium</a></li> </ul></div> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-17803"><a title="Upcoming Webinars" href="https://aiplus.training/events/">Upcoming Webinars</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-45706 dropdown"><a title="Ai X Podcast" href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/podcast/" class="dropdown-toggle" aria-haspopup="true">Ai X Podcast <span class="caret"></span></a> <div class="dropdown-menu default-dropdown"><ul role="menu" > <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-45707"><a title="Apple" href="https://podcasts.apple.com/ua/podcast/odscs-ai-x-podcast/id1721516836">Apple</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-45708"><a title="Spotify" href="https://open.spotify.com/show/0TJKGcQsIO0xr0kiLKhOER?si=6f0d4cc2bfbf4728&nd=1&dlsi=3893757b957e4a52">Spotify</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-45709"><a title="SoundCloud" href="https://soundcloud.com/aixpodcast">SoundCloud</a></li> </ul></div> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-25742"><a title="Training" href="https://aiplus.odsc.com/collections">Training</a></li> </ul></div> </div> </center> </div> </div> <!-- Homepage content --> <div class="container homepage-content"> <div class="col-md-8 main-content-column-1 left"> <!-- Blog list 1 --> <div class="blog-block-1"> <div class="title-default"> <a href="" class="active">NLP</a> </div> <div class="items"> <div class="post-item post-31204 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-modeling category-nlp-text-analytics tag-bert tag-chainer tag-ernie tag-frameworks tag-keras tag-nlp tag-pytorch tag-scikit-learn tag-spacy tag-tensorflow"> <div class="image"> <a href="https://opendatascience.com/10-notable-frameworks-for-nlp/"><img src="https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/font-705667_960_720-180x180.jpg" alt="10 Notable Frameworks for NLP"/></a> </div> <div class="title"> <h2> <a href="https://opendatascience.com/10-notable-frameworks-for-nlp/">10 Notable Frameworks for NLP</a> </h2> <p> <a href="https://opendatascience.com/category/modeling/" title="Modeling" class="tag-default">Modeling</a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/category/modeling/nlp-text-analytics/" title="NLP & LLMs" class="tag-default">NLP & LLMs</a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/bert/" title="NLP & LLMs" class="tag-default">bert</a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/chainer/" title="NLP & LLMs" class="tag-default">chainer</a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/ernie/" title="NLP & LLMs" class="tag-default">ernie</a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/frameworks/" title="NLP & LLMs" class="tag-default">frameworks</a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/keras/" title="NLP & LLMs" class="tag-default">Keras</a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/nlp/" title="NLP & LLMs" class="tag-default">NLP</a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/pytorch/" title="NLP & LLMs" class="tag-default">PyTorch</a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/scikit-learn/" title="NLP & LLMs" class="tag-default">Scikit-Learn</a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/spacy/" title="NLP & LLMs" class="tag-default">spaCy</a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/tensorflow/" title="NLP & LLMs" class="tag-default">TensorFlow</a>posted by <a href="https://opendatascience.com/user/elizabeth-wallace/" title="NLP & LLMs" class="tag-defaultic">Elizabeth Wallace, ODSC</a> <span class="legend-default"> <i class="fa fa-clock-o"></i><span class="updated" >February 28, 2020</span> </span> </p> </div> <div class="intro"> Natural Language Processing hit its big stride back in 2017 with the introduction of Transformer Architecture from Google. State of the art approaches helped bridge the gap between humans and machines and helped us build bots capable of using human language undetected. It鈥檚 an exciting time.... <a href="https://opendatascience.com/10-notable-frameworks-for-nlp/" class="more-link">Read more</a> </div> </div> <div class="post-item post-31389 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-careers category-featured-post tag-968 tag-automl tag-azure tag-cloud tag-explainable-ai tag-nlp tag-python"> <div class="image"> <a href="https://opendatascience.com/7-top-data-science-trends-in-2020-to-be-excited-about/"><img src="https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/business-4636683_1920-2-180x180.jpg" alt="7 Top Data Science Trends in 2020 to Be Excited About"/></a> </div> <div class="title"> <h2> <a href="https://opendatascience.com/7-top-data-science-trends-in-2020-to-be-excited-about/">7 Top Data Science Trends in 2020 to Be Excited About</a> </h2> <p> <a href="https://opendatascience.com/category/careers/" title="Career Insights" class="tag-default">Career Insights</a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/category/featured-post/" title="Featured Post" class="tag-default">Featured Post</a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/2020/" title="Featured Post" class="tag-default">2020</a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/automl/" title="Featured Post" class="tag-default">AutoML</a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/azure/" title="Featured Post" class="tag-default">Azure</a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/cloud/" title="Featured Post" class="tag-default">Cloud</a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/explainable-ai/" title="Featured Post" class="tag-default">explainable AI</a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/nlp/" title="Featured Post" class="tag-default">NLP</a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/python/" title="Featured Post" class="tag-default">Python</a>posted by <a href="https://opendatascience.com/user/danielgutierrez/" title="Featured Post" class="tag-defaultic">Daniel Gutierrez, ODSC</a> <span class="legend-default"> <i class="fa fa-clock-o"></i><span class="updated" >January 31, 2020</span> </span> </p> </div> <div class="intro"> As a practicing data scientist, educator, and tech journalist, I automatically have three big motivations for keeping a constant pulse of the industry. Staying in tune with what鈥檚 happening, consuming all the news from the movers and shakers, and evaluating new and updated tools as they... <a href="https://opendatascience.com/7-top-data-science-trends-in-2020-to-be-excited-about/" class="more-link">Read more</a> </div> </div> <div class="post-item post-30435 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-machine-learning category-modeling category-python category-tools-languages tag-nlp tag-python"> <div class="image"> <a href="https://opendatascience.com/web-scraping-news-articles-in-python/"><img src="https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/1_UmIzK59KHPVq3sLzgm8qQA-180x180.jpeg" alt="Web Scraping News Articles in Python"/></a> </div> <div class="title"> <h2> <a href="https://opendatascience.com/web-scraping-news-articles-in-python/">Web Scraping News Articles in Python</a> </h2> <p> <a href="https://opendatascience.com/category/modeling/machine-learning/" title="Machine Learning" class="tag-default">Machine Learning</a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/category/modeling/" title="Modeling" class="tag-default">Modeling</a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/category/tools-languages/python/" title="Python" class="tag-default">Python</a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/category/tools-languages/" title="Tools & Languages" class="tag-default">Tools & Languages</a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/nlp/" title="Tools & Languages" class="tag-default">NLP</a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/python/" title="Tools & Languages" class="tag-default">Python</a>posted by <a href="https://opendatascience.com/user/miguelfernandezzafra/" title="Tools & Languages" class="tag-defaultic">Miguel Fern谩ndez Zafra</a> <span class="legend-default"> <i class="fa fa-clock-o"></i><span class="updated" >November 20, 2019</span> </span> </p> </div> <div class="intro"> This article is the second of a series in which I will cover the聽whole process聽of developing a machine learning project. If you have not read the first one, I strongly encourage you to do it聽here. The project involves the creation of a聽real-time web application聽that gathers data... <a href="https://opendatascience.com/web-scraping-news-articles-in-python/" class="more-link">Read more</a> </div> </div> <div class="post-item post-28409 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-modeling category-nlp-text-analytics tag-natural-language-understanding tag-nlp tag-nlu"> <div class="image"> <a href="https://opendatascience.com/state-of-the-art-natural-language-understanding-at-scale/"><img src="https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Screen-Shot-2019-08-06-at-12.09.49-PM-180x180.png" alt="State-of-the-Art Natural Language Understanding With Spark"/></a> </div> <div class="title"> <h2> <a href="https://opendatascience.com/state-of-the-art-natural-language-understanding-at-scale/">State-of-the-Art Natural Language Understanding With Spark</a> </h2> <p> <a href="https://opendatascience.com/category/modeling/" title="Modeling" class="tag-default">Modeling</a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/category/modeling/nlp-text-analytics/" title="NLP & LLMs" class="tag-default">NLP & LLMs</a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/natural-language-understanding/" title="NLP & LLMs" class="tag-default">natural language understanding</a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/nlp/" title="NLP & LLMs" class="tag-default">NLP</a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/nlu/" title="NLP & LLMs" class="tag-default">nlu</a>posted by <a href="https://opendatascience.com/user/elizabeth-wallace/" title="NLP & LLMs" class="tag-defaultic">Elizabeth Wallace, ODSC</a> <span class="legend-default"> <i class="fa fa-clock-o"></i><span class="updated" >October 3, 2019</span> </span> </p> </div> <div class="intro"> For many of you in data science, natural language processing is a critical component of your projects. David Talby of Pacific.ai is here to introduce Apache Spark鈥檚 new NLP library and outline how it can facilitate your NLP pipeline for higher accuracy and faster results using... <a href="https://opendatascience.com/state-of-the-art-natural-language-understanding-at-scale/" class="more-link">Read more</a> </div> </div> <div class="post-item post-28653 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-accelerate-ai category-careers category-conferences category-modeling category-nlp-text-analytics tag-business tag-language-processing tag-nlp tag-speech-technology"> <div class="image"> <a href="https://opendatascience.com/what-businesses-should-know-about-speech-technologies/"><img src="https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/loewe-technologies-Skqnm8v6DOk-unsplash-180x180.jpg" alt="What Businesses Should Know About Speech Technologies"/></a> </div> <div class="title"> <h2> <a href="https://opendatascience.com/what-businesses-should-know-about-speech-technologies/">What Businesses Should Know About Speech Technologies</a> </h2> <p> <a href="https://opendatascience.com/category/accelerate-ai/" title="Business + Management" class="tag-default">Business + Management</a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/category/careers/" title="Career Insights" class="tag-default">Career Insights</a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/category/conferences/" title="Conferences" class="tag-default">Conferences</a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/category/modeling/" title="Modeling" class="tag-default">Modeling</a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/category/modeling/nlp-text-analytics/" title="NLP & LLMs" class="tag-default">NLP & LLMs</a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/business/" title="NLP & LLMs" class="tag-default">Business</a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/language-processing/" title="NLP & LLMs" class="tag-default">language processing</a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/nlp/" title="NLP & LLMs" class="tag-default">NLP</a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/speech-technology/" title="NLP & LLMs" class="tag-default">speech technology</a>posted by <a href="https://opendatascience.com/user/elizabeth-wallace/" title="NLP & LLMs" class="tag-defaultic">Elizabeth Wallace, ODSC</a> <span class="legend-default"> <i class="fa fa-clock-o"></i><span class="updated" >September 23, 2019</span> </span> </p> </div> <div class="intro"> One of the top workshops at ODSC West last year (2018) was a talk by Omar Tawakol, the founder of Voicea. His company created a voice assistant that transformed meetings by handling lower order tasks like note-taking. Cisco acquired Voicea, most likely to integrate it into... <a href="https://opendatascience.com/what-businesses-should-know-about-speech-technologies/" class="more-link">Read more</a> </div> </div> <div class="post-item post-29051 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-odsc-speaker category-conferences category-modeling category-nlp-text-analytics tag-creative-ai tag-creativity tag-language-processing tag-nlp"> <div class="image"> <a href="https://opendatascience.com/do-android-composers-dream-of-electric-keyboards/"><img src="https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/Screen-Shot-2019-09-13-at-10.45.27-AM-180x180.png" alt="Do Android Composers Dream of Electric Keyboards?"/></a> </div> <div class="title"> <h2> <a href="https://opendatascience.com/do-android-composers-dream-of-electric-keyboards/">Do Android Composers Dream of Electric Keyboards?</a> </h2> <p> <a href="https://opendatascience.com/category/conferences/odsc-speaker/" title="Blogs from ODSC Speakers" class="tag-default">Blogs from ODSC Speakers</a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/category/conferences/" title="Conferences" class="tag-default">Conferences</a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/category/modeling/" title="Modeling" class="tag-default">Modeling</a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/category/modeling/nlp-text-analytics/" title="NLP & LLMs" class="tag-default">NLP & LLMs</a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/creative-ai/" title="NLP & LLMs" class="tag-default">creative ai</a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/creativity/" title="NLP & LLMs" class="tag-default">creativity</a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/language-processing/" title="NLP & LLMs" class="tag-default">language processing</a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/nlp/" title="NLP & LLMs" class="tag-default">NLP</a>posted by <a href="https://opendatascience.com/user/josephblue/" title="NLP & LLMs" class="tag-defaultic">Joseph Blue</a> <span class="legend-default"> <i class="fa fa-clock-o"></i><span class="updated" >September 13, 2019</span> </span> </p> </div> <div class="intro"> Editor’s Note: If you’re interested in the idea of AI with a dream of electric keyboards, see Joseph’s talk “The Soul of a New AI” at ODSC Europe 2019. My journey in AI begins with grammar. Raised in a mathematical home, I think I was discovering... <a href="https://opendatascience.com/do-android-composers-dream-of-electric-keyboards/" class="more-link">Read more</a> </div> </div> <div class="post-item post-27550 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-conferences category-modeling category-nlp-text-analytics tag-conferences tag-natural-language-understanding tag-nlp tag-west-2018"> <div class="image"> <a href="https://opendatascience.com/watch-state-of-the-art-natural-language-understanding-at-scale/"><img src="https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Screen-Shot-2019-07-01-at-5.10.54-PM-180x180.png" alt="Watch: State of the Art Natural Language Understanding at Scale"/></a> </div> <div class="title"> <h2> <a href="https://opendatascience.com/watch-state-of-the-art-natural-language-understanding-at-scale/">Watch: State of the Art Natural Language Understanding at Scale</a> </h2> <p> <a href="https://opendatascience.com/category/conferences/" title="Conferences" class="tag-default">Conferences</a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/category/modeling/" title="Modeling" class="tag-default">Modeling</a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/category/modeling/nlp-text-analytics/" title="NLP & LLMs" class="tag-default">NLP & LLMs</a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/conferences/" title="NLP & LLMs" class="tag-default">Conferences</a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/natural-language-understanding/" title="NLP & LLMs" class="tag-default">natural language understanding</a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/nlp/" title="NLP & LLMs" class="tag-default">NLP</a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/west-2018/" title="NLP & LLMs" class="tag-default">West 2018</a>posted by <a href="https://opendatascience.com/user/admin_odsc/" title="NLP & LLMs" class="tag-defaultic">ODSC Team</a> <span class="legend-default"> <i class="fa fa-clock-o"></i><span class="updated" >July 10, 2019</span> </span> </p> </div> <div class="intro"> Natural language understanding is a key component in many data science systems that must understand or reason about text. Common use cases include question answering, paraphrasing or summarization, sentiment analysis, natural language BI, language modeling, and disambiguation. Building such systems usually requires combining three types of... <a href="https://opendatascience.com/watch-state-of-the-art-natural-language-understanding-at-scale/" class="more-link">Read more</a> </div> </div> <div class="post-item post-27544 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-conferences category-modeling category-nlp-text-analytics tag-conferences tag-nlp tag-west-2018"> <div class="image"> <a href="https://opendatascience.com/watch-understanding-unstructured-data-with-language-models/"><img src="https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Screen-Shot-2019-07-01-at-5.00.55-PM-180x180.png" alt="Watch: Understanding Unstructured Data with Language Models"/></a> </div> <div class="title"> <h2> <a href="https://opendatascience.com/watch-understanding-unstructured-data-with-language-models/">Watch: Understanding Unstructured Data with Language Models</a> </h2> <p> <a href="https://opendatascience.com/category/conferences/" title="Conferences" class="tag-default">Conferences</a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/category/modeling/" title="Modeling" class="tag-default">Modeling</a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/category/modeling/nlp-text-analytics/" title="NLP & LLMs" class="tag-default">NLP & LLMs</a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/conferences/" title="NLP & LLMs" class="tag-default">Conferences</a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/nlp/" title="NLP & LLMs" class="tag-default">NLP</a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/west-2018/" title="NLP & LLMs" class="tag-default">West 2018</a>posted by <a href="https://opendatascience.com/user/admin_odsc/" title="NLP & LLMs" class="tag-defaultic">ODSC Team</a> <span class="legend-default"> <i class="fa fa-clock-o"></i><span class="updated" >July 8, 2019</span> </span> </p> </div> <div class="intro"> As data scientists, we’ve seen a rapid improvement in the last decades in the tools available for working with structured data (be it tabular data, graph data, sensor data etc.). Yet, the vast majority of our data (Merrill Lynch puts the figure at roughly 90%) is... <a href="https://opendatascience.com/watch-understanding-unstructured-data-with-language-models/" class="more-link">Read more</a> </div> </div> <div class="post-item post-26630 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-featured-post category-modeling category-nlp-text-analytics tag-nlp tag-open-datasets"> <div class="image"> <a href="https://opendatascience.com/20-open-datasets-for-natural-language-processing/"><img src="https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/learn-1820039_960_720-180x180.jpg" alt="20 Open Datasets for Natural Language Processing"/></a> </div> <div class="title"> <h2> <a href="https://opendatascience.com/20-open-datasets-for-natural-language-processing/">20 Open Datasets for Natural Language Processing</a> </h2> <p> <a href="https://opendatascience.com/category/featured-post/" title="Featured Post" class="tag-default">Featured Post</a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/category/modeling/" title="Modeling" class="tag-default">Modeling</a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/category/modeling/nlp-text-analytics/" title="NLP & LLMs" class="tag-default">NLP & LLMs</a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/nlp/" title="NLP & LLMs" class="tag-default">NLP</a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/open-datasets/" title="NLP & LLMs" class="tag-default">Open Datasets</a>posted by <a href="https://opendatascience.com/user/elizabeth-wallace/" title="NLP & LLMs" class="tag-defaultic">Elizabeth Wallace, ODSC</a> <span class="legend-default"> <i class="fa fa-clock-o"></i><span class="updated" >July 2, 2019</span> </span> </p> </div> <div class="intro"> Natural language processing is a significant part of machine learning use cases, but it requires a lot of data and some deftly handled training. In 25 Excellent Machine Learning Open Data Sets, we listed Amazon Reviews and Wikipedia Links for general NLP and the Standford Sentiment... <a href="https://opendatascience.com/20-open-datasets-for-natural-language-processing/" class="more-link">Read more</a> </div> </div> <div class="post-item post-25866 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-nlp-text-analytics category-research tag-nlp tag-research"> <div class="image"> <a href="https://opendatascience.com/the-most-exciting-natural-language-processing-research-of-2019-so-far/"><img src="https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/Screen-Shot-2019-04-08-at-10.30.28-AM-180x180.png" alt="The Most Exciting Natural Language Processing Research of 2019 So Far"/></a> </div> <div class="title"> <h2> <a href="https://opendatascience.com/the-most-exciting-natural-language-processing-research-of-2019-so-far/">The Most Exciting Natural Language Processing Research of 2019 So Far</a> </h2> <p> <a href="https://opendatascience.com/category/modeling/nlp-text-analytics/" title="NLP & LLMs" class="tag-default">NLP & LLMs</a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/category/research/" title="Research" class="tag-default">Research</a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/nlp/" title="Research" class="tag-default">NLP</a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/research/" title="Research" class="tag-default">Research</a>posted by <a href="https://opendatascience.com/user/luke-coughlin/" title="Research" class="tag-defaultic">Luke Coughlin</a> <span class="legend-default"> <i class="fa fa-clock-o"></i><span class="updated" >May 31, 2019</span> </span> </p> </div> <div class="intro"> The data revolution isn鈥檛 just about numbers, as researchers are teaching machines how to process natural language as data. The evolving capacity that machines have to interpret human speech, whether written or spoken, opens new possibilities for the interactions between computers and people. Below, we have... <a href="https://opendatascience.com/the-most-exciting-natural-language-processing-research-of-2019-so-far/" class="more-link">Read more</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <!-- Pages --> <div class="pages"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><span aria-current="page" class="page-numbers current">1</span></li><li><a class="page-numbers" href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/nlp/page/2/">2</a></li><li><a class="page-numbers" href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/nlp/page/3/">3</a></li><li><a class="page-numbers" href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/nlp/page/4/">4</a></li><li class="next"><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/nlp/page/2/" class="next"><i class="fa fa-angle-right"></i></a></li><li class="previous"><a href="#"><i class="fa fa-angle-left"></i></a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="banner-468x60 "><a href="https://odsc.com/boston/schedule/" target="_blank"><img src="https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/uploads/goliath/Week%20of%20March%2017%20Blog%20Banners_468x60%20schedule.png" alt="east sched mid"></a></div> </div> <!-- Sidebar --> <div class="col-md-4 sajd"> <div id="goliath_sidebar_banner-3" class="sidebar-item clearfix goliath_sidebar_banner"> <div class="banner-300x250"> <a href="https://odsc.com/boston/" target="_blank"><img src="https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/uploads/goliath/Week%20of%20March%2017%20Blog%20Banners_bootcamp_300x250.png" alt="east 2 square"></a> </div> </div> <!-- After widget close div --> <div id="custom_html-2" class="widget_text sidebar-item clearfix widget_custom_html"><div class="title-default"><span class="active"> </span></div><div class="widget-content"><div class="textwidget custom-html-widget"><!--[if lte IE 8]> <script charset="utf-8" type="text/javascript" src="//js.hsforms.net/forms/v2-legacy.js"></script> <![endif]--> <script charset="utf-8" type="text/javascript" src="//js.hsforms.net/forms/v2.js"></script> <script> hbspt.forms.create({ portalId: '1865444', formId: '2db28ac9-d988-42c8-bf91-29f8f7fcfac1' }); </script></div></div></div> <div id="goliath_recent_posts-2" class="sidebar-item clearfix recent-posts"> <!-- Latest reviews --> <div class="widget-tabs mobile"> <div class="title-default"> <a href="#" class="active">LATEST POSTS</a> <a href="#" class="view-all">View all</a> </div> <div class="items"> <div class="post-item" data-overlay="1" data-overlay-excerpt="With over 600,000 projects on PyPI (and counting), managing Python dependencies can be tricky. One package..." data-overlay-url="https://opendatascience.com/how-to-create-and-manage-python-virtual-environments/"> <div class="inner-wrapper"> <div class="title-image-row"> <div class="image"> <a href="https://opendatascience.com/how-to-create-and-manage-python-virtual-environments/"><img src="https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/shutterstock_1447245065-70x70.jpg" alt="How to Create and Manage Python Virtual Environments"/></a> </div> <div class="title"> <h2> <a href="https://opendatascience.com/how-to-create-and-manage-python-virtual-environments/">How to Create and Manage Python Virtual Environments</a> </h2> <p> <a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/sas/" title="SAS" class="tagy">SAS</a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/sas-blogs/" title="SAS Blogs" class="tagy">SAS Blogs</a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/category/modeling/" title="Modeling" class="tag-default">Modeling</a>posted by <a href="https://opendatascience.com/user/odsc-community/" title="Modeling" class="tag-default author-default">ODSC Community</a> <span class="legend-default"> <i class="fa fa-clock-o"></i>Apr 3, 2025 </span> <div class="intro intros"> With over 600,000 projects on PyPI (and counting), managing Python dependencies can be tricky. One package... </div> </p> </div> </div> </div> </div><div class="post-item" data-overlay="1" data-overlay-excerpt="In a world awash with data, the ability to derive meaning from connections is becoming more..." data-overlay-url="https://opendatascience.com/the-power-of-context-how-graph-technology-is-reshaping-ai-and-decision-making/"> <div class="inner-wrapper"> <div class="title-image-row"> <div class="image"> <a href="https://opendatascience.com/the-power-of-context-how-graph-technology-is-reshaping-ai-and-decision-making/"><img src="https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/shutterstock_2362078849-70x70.jpg" alt="The Power of Context: How Graph Technology is Reshaping AI and Decision-Making"/></a> </div> <div class="title"> <h2> <a href="https://opendatascience.com/the-power-of-context-how-graph-technology-is-reshaping-ai-and-decision-making/">The Power of Context: How Graph Technology is Reshaping AI and Decision-Making</a> </h2> <p> <a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/podcast/" title="Podcast" class="tagy">Podcast</a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/category/modeling/" title="Modeling" class="tag-default">Modeling</a>posted by <a href="https://opendatascience.com/user/admin_odsc/" title="Modeling" class="tag-default author-default">ODSC Team</a> <span class="legend-default"> <i class="fa fa-clock-o"></i>Apr 3, 2025 </span> <div class="intro intros"> In a world awash with data, the ability to derive meaning from connections is becoming more... </div> </p> </div> </div> </div> </div><div class="post-item" data-overlay="1" data-overlay-excerpt="John Snow Labs, a leading AI company focused on healthcare, has announced the release of Generative..." data-overlay-url="https://opendatascience.com/john-snow-labs-launches-generative-ai-lab-7-0-enabling-domain-experts-to-evaluate-custom-llms-with-ease/"> <div class="inner-wrapper"> <div class="title-image-row"> <div class="image"> <a href="https://opendatascience.com/john-snow-labs-launches-generative-ai-lab-7-0-enabling-domain-experts-to-evaluate-custom-llms-with-ease/"><img src="https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Untitled-design-3-1-70x70.png" alt="John Snow Labs Launches Generative AI Lab 7.0, Enabling Domain Experts to Evaluate Custom LLMs with Ease"/></a> </div> <div class="title"> <h2> <a href="https://opendatascience.com/john-snow-labs-launches-generative-ai-lab-7-0-enabling-domain-experts-to-evaluate-custom-llms-with-ease/">John Snow Labs Launches Generative AI Lab 7.0, Enabling Domain Experts to Evaluate Custom LLMs with Ease</a> </h2> <p> <a href="https://opendatascience.com/category/news/" title="AI and Data Science News" class="tag-default">AI and Data Science News</a>posted by <a href="https://opendatascience.com/user/admin_odsc/" title="AI and Data Science News" class="tag-default author-default">ODSC Team</a> <span class="legend-default"> <i class="fa fa-clock-o"></i>Apr 2, 2025 </span> <div class="intro intros"> John Snow Labs, a leading AI company focused on healthcare, has announced the release of Generative... </div> </p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <!-- After widget close div --> <div id="goliath_sidebar_banner-4" class="sidebar-item clearfix goliath_sidebar_banner"> <div class="banner-300x250"> <a href="https://odsc.com/boston/schedule/" target="_blank"><img src="https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/uploads/goliath/Week%20of%20March%2017%20Blog%20Banners_300x250%20schedule.png" alt="east sched square"></a> </div> </div> <!-- After widget close div --> <div id="wpp-2" class="sidebar-item clearfix popular-posts"> </div></div> <div id="goliath_sidebar_banner-2" class="sidebar-item clearfix goliath_sidebar_banner"> <div class="banner-300x250"> <a href="https://odsc.com/boston/aix-east/" target="_blank"><img src="https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/uploads/goliath/Week%20of%20March%2017%20Blog%20Banners_300x250%20GEN%20AI.png" alt="gen aix square"></a> </div> </div> <!-- After widget close div --> <div id="goliath_tag_cloud-3" class="sidebar-item clearfix goliath_tag_cloud"> <div class="sidebar-item clearfix"> <!-- Archive --> <div class="widget-tabs"> <div class="title-default"> <span class="active">Tags</span> </div> <div class="items tag-cloud"> <a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/machine-learning/" class="tag-1"><span>Machine Learning</span><s>111</s></a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/azure/" class="tag-1"><span>Azure</span><s>70</s></a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/east-2022/" class="tag-1"><span>East 2022</span><s>65</s></a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/odsc-east-2015speaker-slides/" class="tag-1"><span>ODSC East 2015|Speaker Slides</span><s>64</s></a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/podcast/" class="tag-1"><span>Podcast</span><s>61</s></a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/east-2024/" class="tag-1"><span>East 2024</span><s>58</s></a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/west-2024/" class="tag-1"><span>West 2024</span><s>52</s></a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/microsoft/" class="tag-1"><span>Microsoft</span><s>50</s></a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/west-2022/" class="tag-1"><span>West 2022</span><s>49</s></a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/deep-learning/" class="tag-1"><span>Deep Learning</span><s>48</s></a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/east-2020/" class="tag-1"><span>East 2020</span><s>48</s></a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/east-2023/" class="tag-1"><span>East 2023</span><s>47</s></a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/west-2021/" class="tag-1"><span>West 2021</span><s>46</s></a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/accelerate-ai/" class="tag-1"><span>Accelerate AI</span><s>43</s></a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/east-2021/" class="tag-1"><span>East 2021</span><s>42</s></a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/conferences/" class="tag-1"><span>Conferences</span><s>41</s></a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/west-2023/" class="tag-1"><span>West 2023</span><s>40</s></a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/europe-2020/" class="tag-1"><span>Europe 2020</span><s>39</s></a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/europe-2021/" class="tag-1"><span>Europe 2021</span><s>38</s></a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/cybersecurity/" class="tag-1"><span>cybersecurity</span><s>37</s></a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <!-- After widget close div --> </div> </div> <!-- Footer --> <footer class="container footer"> <div id="text-2" class="col-md-4 sidebar-item footer-item widget widget_text"><div class="title-default"><span class="active">About us</span></div><div class="widget-content"> <div class="textwidget"><p><img decoding="async" class="aligncenter" src="https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/ODSC-logo-blue-no-gradient-1.png" /><br /> Proactively envisioned multimedia based expertise and cross-media growth strategies. Seamlessly visualize quality intellectual capital without superior collaboration and idea-sharing. Holistically pontificate installed base portals after maintainable products.</p> </div> </div></div> <div id="goliath_category_cloud-2" class="col-md-4 sidebar-item footer-item widget goliath_category_cloud"> <div class="widget-tabs page-map"> <div class="title-default"> <span class="active">Content Map</span> </div> <div class="items archives"> <table class="table"> <tr><td><a href="https://opendatascience.com/category/modeling/">Modeling</a><span>1728</span></td><td><td><a href="https://opendatascience.com/category/news/">AI and Data Science News</a><span>813</span></td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="https://opendatascience.com/category/conferences/">Conferences</a><span>785</span></td><td><td><a href="https://opendatascience.com/category/featured-post/">Featured Post</a><span>764</span></td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="https://opendatascience.com/category/accelerate-ai/">Business + Management</a><span>547</span></td><td><td><a href="https://opendatascience.com/category/tools-languages/">Tools & Languages</a><span>366</span></td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="https://opendatascience.com/category/modeling/machine-learning/">Machine Learning</a><span>354</span></td><td><td><a href="https://opendatascience.com/category/modeling/nlp-text-analytics/">NLP & LLMs</a><span>293</span></td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="https://opendatascience.com/category/modeling/deep-learning/">Deep Learning</a><span>233</span></td><td><td><a href="https://opendatascience.com/category/careers/">Career Insights</a><span>217</span></td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="https://opendatascience.com/category/conferences/odsc-speaker/">Blogs from ODSC Speakers</a><span>202</span></td><td><td><a href="https://opendatascience.com/category/blog/">Blog</a><span>201</span></td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="https://opendatascience.com/category/modeling/data-visualization/">Data Visualization</a><span>138</span></td><td><td><a href="https://opendatascience.com/category/modeling/statistics/">Statistics</a><span>127</span></td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="https://opendatascience.com/category/tools-languages/r/">R</a><span>125</span></td><td><td><a href="https://opendatascience.com/category/tools-languages/python/">Python</a><span>116</span></td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="https://opendatascience.com/category/modeling/predictive-analytics/">Predictive Analytics</a><span>99</span></td><td><td><a href="https://opendatascience.com/category/accelerate-ai/technology/">Technology</a><span>77</span></td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="https://opendatascience.com/category/guest-contributor/">Guest contributor</a><span>74</span></td><td><td><a href="https://opendatascience.com/category/modeling/research-modeling/">Research</a><span>72</span></td></td></tr> </table> </div> </div> </div> <!-- After widget close div --> <div id="goliath_tag_cloud-2" class="col-md-4 sidebar-item footer-item widget goliath_tag_cloud"> <div class="sidebar-item clearfix"> <!-- Archive --> <div class="widget-tabs"> <div class="title-default"> <span class="active">Tags</span> </div> <div class="items tag-cloud"> <a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/machine-learning/" class="tag-1"><span>Machine Learning</span><s>111</s></a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/azure/" class="tag-1"><span>Azure</span><s>70</s></a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/east-2022/" class="tag-1"><span>East 2022</span><s>65</s></a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/odsc-east-2015speaker-slides/" class="tag-1"><span>ODSC East 2015|Speaker Slides</span><s>64</s></a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/podcast/" class="tag-1"><span>Podcast</span><s>61</s></a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/east-2024/" class="tag-1"><span>East 2024</span><s>58</s></a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/west-2024/" class="tag-1"><span>West 2024</span><s>52</s></a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/microsoft/" class="tag-1"><span>Microsoft</span><s>50</s></a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/west-2022/" class="tag-1"><span>West 2022</span><s>49</s></a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/deep-learning/" class="tag-1"><span>Deep Learning</span><s>48</s></a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/east-2020/" class="tag-1"><span>East 2020</span><s>48</s></a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/east-2023/" class="tag-1"><span>East 2023</span><s>47</s></a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/west-2021/" class="tag-1"><span>West 2021</span><s>46</s></a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/accelerate-ai/" class="tag-1"><span>Accelerate AI</span><s>43</s></a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/east-2021/" class="tag-1"><span>East 2021</span><s>42</s></a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/conferences/" class="tag-1"><span>Conferences</span><s>41</s></a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/west-2023/" class="tag-1"><span>West 2023</span><s>40</s></a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/europe-2020/" class="tag-1"><span>Europe 2020</span><s>39</s></a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/europe-2021/" class="tag-1"><span>Europe 2021</span><s>38</s></a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/cybersecurity/" class="tag-1"><span>cybersecurity</span><s>37</s></a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <!-- After widget close div --> <div id="text-3" class="col-md-4 sidebar-item footer-item widget widget_text"><div class="title-default"><span class="active">ODSC Privacy Policy</span></div><div class="widget-content"> <div class="textwidget"><p>View ODSC <a href="https://opendatascience.com/odsc-privacy-policy/">Privacy Policy</a></p> </div> </div></div> </footer> <!-- Copyright --> <div class="container copyright"> <div class="left"> Copyright Open Data Science 2025. All Rights Reserved </div> <div class="right"> <ul> <li> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/OPENDATASCI/" target="_blank"><i class="fa fa-facebook-square"></i></a><a href="https://twitter.com/_odsc" target="_blank"><i class="fa fa-twitter-square"></i></a><a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCDS20hpBFiv_Kdp5Ibh0vew" target="_blank"><i class="fa fa-youtube-square"></i></a><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/groups/8245997" target="_blank"><i class="fa fa-linkedin-square"></i></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <a href="#" class="back-to-top"><i class="fa fa-angle-up"></i></a> <!-- LikeBtn.com BEGIN --> <script type="text/javascript">var likebtn_wl = 1; (function(d, e, s) {a = d.createElement(e);m = d.getElementsByTagName(e)[0];a.async = 1;a.src = s;m.parentNode.insertBefore(a, m)})(document, 'script', '//w.likebtn.com/js/w/widget.js'); if (typeof(LikeBtn) != "undefined") { LikeBtn.init(); }</script> <!-- LikeBtn.com END --> <div id="um_upload_single" style="display:none;"></div> <div id="um_view_photo" style="display:none;"> <a href="javascript:void(0);" data-action="um_remove_modal" class="um-modal-close" aria-label="Close view photo modal"> <i class="um-faicon-times"></i> </a> <div class="um-modal-body photo"> <div class="um-modal-photo"></div> </div> </div> <script type="text/javascript"> adroll_adv_id = "XDCO6MZFKZB6HAQENDPVJ4"; adroll_pix_id = "WXI33UTPCNAORJUY22JFZS"; (function () { var _onload = function(){ if (document.readyState && !/loaded|complete/.test(document.readyState)){setTimeout(_onload, 10);return} if (!window.__adroll_loaded){__adroll_loaded=true;setTimeout(_onload, 50);return} var scr = document.createElement("script"); var host = (("https:" == document.location.protocol) ? "https://s.adroll.com" : "http://a.adroll.com"); scr.setAttribute('async', 'true'); scr.type = "text/javascript"; scr.src = host + "/j/roundtrip.js"; ((document.getElementsByTagName('head') || [null])[0] || document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0].parentNode).appendChild(scr); }; if (window.addEventListener) {window.addEventListener('load', _onload, false);} else {window.attachEvent('onload', _onload)} }()); </script> <!-- Meta Pixel Event Code --> <script type='text/javascript'> document.addEventListener( 'wpcf7mailsent', function( event ) { if( "fb_pxl_code" in event.detail.apiResponse){ eval(event.detail.apiResponse.fb_pxl_code); } }, false ); </script> <!-- End Meta Pixel Event Code --> <div id='fb-pxl-ajax-code'></div><div class="mobmenu-overlay"></div><div class="mob-menu-header-holder mobmenu" data-menu-display="mob-menu-slideout-over" data-open-icon="down-open" data-close-icon="up-open"><div class="mobmenul-container"><a href="#" class="mobmenu-left-bt mobmenu-trigger-action" data-panel-target="mobmenu-left-panel" aria-label="Left Menu Button"><i class="mob-icon-menu mob-menu-icon"></i><i class="mob-icon-cancel-1 mob-cancel-button"></i></a></div><div class="mobmenur-container"><a href="#" class="mobmenu-right-bt mobmenu-trigger-action" data-panel-target="mobmenu-right-panel" aria-label="Right Menu Button"><i class="mob-icon-menu mob-menu-icon"></i><i class="mob-icon-cancel-1 mob-cancel-button"></i></a></div></div> <div class="mobmenu-left-alignment mobmenu-panel mobmenu-left-panel "> <a href="#" class="mobmenu-left-bt" aria-label="Left Menu Button"><i class="mob-icon-cancel-1 mob-cancel-button"></i></a> <div class="mobmenu-content"> <div class="menu-primary-container"><ul id="mobmenuleft" class="wp-mobile-menu" role="menubar" aria-label="Main navigation for mobile devices"><li role="none" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-8020"><a href="https://opendatascience.com/category/modeling/" role="menuitem" class="">Modeling</a> <ul role='menu' class="sub-menu "> <li role="none" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-46773"><a href="https://opendatascience.com/category/modeling/data-analytics/" role="menuitem" class="">Data Analytics</a></li> <li role="none" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-45703"><a href="https://opendatascience.com/category/modeling/data-engineering/" role="menuitem" class="">Data Engineering</a></li> <li role="none" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-37919"><a href="https://opendatascience.com/category/modeling/data-visualization/" role="menuitem" class="">Data Visualization</a></li> <li role="none" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-17010"><a href="https://opendatascience.com/category/modeling/deep-learning/" role="menuitem" class="">Deep Learning</a></li> <li role="none" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-41544"><a href="https://opendatascience.com/category/modeling/generative-ai/" role="menuitem" class="">Generative AI</a></li> <li role="none" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-25739"><a href="https://opendatascience.com/category/modeling/machine-learning/" role="menuitem" class="">Machine Learning</a></li> <li role="none" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-17011"><a href="https://opendatascience.com/category/modeling/nlp-text-analytics/" role="menuitem" class="">NLP and LLMs</a></li> <li role="none" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-45702"><a href="https://opendatascience.com/category/tools-languages/python/" role="menuitem" class="">Python</a></li></ul> </li><li role="none" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-15400"><a href="https://opendatascience.com/category/accelerate-ai" role="menuitem" class="">Business & Use Cases</a></li><li role="none" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-25741"><a href="https://opendatascience.com/category/careers/" role="menuitem" class="">Career Advice</a></li><li role="none" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-25748"><a href="https://opendatascience.com/join-the-open-data-science-contributor-community/" role="menuitem" class="">Write for us</a></li><li role="none" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-25743"><a href="#" role="menuitem" class="">Community</a> <ul role='menu' class="sub-menu "> <li role="none" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-32624"><a href="https://hubs.li/Q02zdcSk0" role="menuitem" class="">ODSC Community Slack Channel</a></li> <li role="none" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-35201"><a href="https://aiplus.odsc.com/bundles/odsc-webinars" role="menuitem" class="">Meetups</a></li> <li role="none" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-45704"><a href="https://odsc.substack.com/" role="menuitem" class="">Substack</a></li> <li role="none" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-45705"><a href="https://medium.com/@odsc" role="menuitem" class="">Medium</a></li></ul> </li><li role="none" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-17803"><a href="https://aiplus.training/events/" role="menuitem" class="">Upcoming Webinars</a></li><li role="none" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-45706"><a href="https://opendatascience.com/tag/podcast/" role="menuitem" class="">Ai X Podcast</a> <ul role='menu' class="sub-menu "> <li role="none" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-45707"><a href="https://podcasts.apple.com/ua/podcast/odscs-ai-x-podcast/id1721516836" role="menuitem" class="">Apple</a></li> <li role="none" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-45708"><a href="https://open.spotify.com/show/0TJKGcQsIO0xr0kiLKhOER?si=6f0d4cc2bfbf4728&nd=1&dlsi=3893757b957e4a52" role="menuitem" class="">Spotify</a></li> <li role="none" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-45709"><a href="https://soundcloud.com/aixpodcast" role="menuitem" class="">SoundCloud</a></li></ul> </li><li role="none" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-25742"><a href="https://aiplus.odsc.com/collections" role="menuitem" class="">Training</a></li></ul></div> </div><div class="mob-menu-left-bg-holder"></div></div> <div class="mobmenu-right-alignment mobmenu-panel mobmenu-right-panel "> <a href="#" class="mobmenu-right-bt" aria-label="Right Menu Button"><i class="mob-icon-cancel-1 mob-cancel-button"></i></a> <div class="mobmenu-content"> <div class="menu-topmenu-container"><ul id="mobmenuright" class="wp-mobile-menu" role="menubar" aria-label="Main navigation for mobile devices"><li role="none" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-15433"><a target="_blank" href="http://odsc.com" role="menuitem" class="">ODSC Conferences</a> <ul role='menu' class="sub-menu "> <li role="none" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-14780"><a target="_blank" href="https://odsc.com/boston" role="menuitem" class="">ODSC EAST</a></li> <li role="none" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-14782"><a target="_blank" href="https://odsc.com/california" role="menuitem" class="">ODSC WEST</a></li> <li role="none" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-14781"><a target="_blank" href="https://odsc.com/europe/" role="menuitem" class="">ODSC EUROPE</a></li> <li role="none" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-18616"><a target="_blank" href="https://odsc.com/apac/" role="menuitem" class="">ODSC APAC</a></li></ul> </li><li role="none" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-25736"><a target="_blank" href="https://www.meetup.com/open-data-odsc/" role="menuitem" class="">MEETUPS</a></li><li role="none" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-15398"><a target="_blank" href="https://aiplus.odsc.com/" role="menuitem" class="">AI+ Training</a></li><li role="none" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-14785"><a target="_blank" href="https://opendatascience.com/newsletter/" role="menuitem" class="">Newsletter</a></li><li role="none" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-47915"><a href="https://jobs.opendatascience.com/" role="menuitem" class="">Jobs</a></li><li role="none" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-25737"><a target="_blank" href="https://odsc.com/california/call-for-speakers-west/" role="menuitem" class="">Speak at ODSC</a></li></ul></div> </div><div class="mob-menu-right-bg-holder"></div></div> <script type="text/javascript" id="code-prettify-js-before"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var codePrettifyLoaderBaseUrl = "https:\/\/opendatascience.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/code-prettify\/prettify"; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/code-prettify/prettify/run_prettify.js?ver=1.4.0" id="code-prettify-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="leadin-script-loader-js-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var leadin_wordpress = {"userRole":"visitor","pageType":"archive","leadinPluginVersion":"11.2.9"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://js.hs-scripts.com/1865444.js?integration=WordPress&ver=11.2.9" id="leadin-script-loader-js-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="rss-retriever-ajax-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var rss_retriever = {"ajax_url":"https:\/\/opendatascience.com\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-rss-retriever/inc/js/rss-retriever-ajax.js?ver=1.6.5" id="rss-retriever-ajax-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="ppress-frontend-script-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var pp_ajax_form = {"ajaxurl":"https:\/\/opendatascience.com\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","confirm_delete":"Are you sure?","deleting_text":"Deleting...","deleting_error":"An error occurred. Please try again.","nonce":"79d8e2d306","disable_ajax_form":"false","is_checkout":"0","is_checkout_tax_enabled":"0","is_checkout_autoscroll_enabled":"true"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-user-avatar/assets/js/frontend.min.js?ver=4.15.22" id="ppress-frontend-script-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="audioigniter-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var aiStrings = {"play_title":"Play %s","pause_title":"Pause %s","previous":"Previous track","next":"Next track","toggle_list_repeat":"Toggle track listing repeat","toggle_track_repeat":"Toggle track repeat","toggle_list_visible":"Toggle track listing visibility","buy_track":"Buy this track","download_track":"Download this track","volume_up":"Volume Up","volume_down":"Volume Down","open_track_lyrics":"Open track lyrics","set_playback_rate":"Set playback rate","skip_forward":"Skip forward","skip_backward":"Skip backward","shuffle":"Shuffle"}; var aiStats = {"enabled":"","apiUrl":"https:\/\/opendatascience.com\/wp-json\/audioigniter\/v1"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/audioigniter/player/build/app.js?ver=2.0.1" id="audioigniter-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://opendatascience.com/wp-includes/js/jquery/ui/core.min.js?ver=1.13.3" id="jquery-ui-core-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://opendatascience.com/wp-includes/js/jquery/ui/effect.min.js?ver=1.13.3" id="jquery-effects-core-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://opendatascience.com/wp-includes/js/jquery/ui/effect-slide.min.js?ver=1.13.3" id="jquery-effects-slide-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://opendatascience.com/wp-includes/js/jquery/ui/effect-size.min.js?ver=1.13.3" id="jquery-effects-size-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/themes/goliath/theme/assets/js/vendor/bootstrap.js?ver=6.7.2" id="plsh-bootstrap-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/themes/goliath/theme/assets/js/vendor/bootstrap-hover-dropdown.js?ver=6.7.2" id="plsh-bootstrap-hover-dropdown-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/themes/goliath/theme/assets/js/vendor/jquery.cycle2.min.js?ver=6.7.2" id="plsh-cycle2-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/themes/goliath/theme/assets/js/vendor/jquery.cycle2.scrollVert.js?ver=6.7.2" id="plsh-scroll-vertical-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/themes/goliath/theme/assets/js/vendor/jquery.cycle2.swipe.min.js?ver=6.7.2" id="plsh-cycle2-swipe-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/themes/goliath/theme/assets/js/vendor/jquery.inview.js?ver=6.7.2" id="plsh-inview-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/themes/goliath/theme/assets/js/vendor/jquery.hoverintent.min.js?ver=6.7.2" id="plsh-hoverintent-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/themes/goliath/theme/assets/js/vendor/jquery.sharrre.min.js?ver=6.7.2" id="plsh-sharrre-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/themes/goliath/theme/assets/js/vendor/jquery.particleground.js?ver=6.7.2" id="plsh-particles-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="plsh-theme-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var ajax_object = {"ajaxurl":"https:\/\/opendatascience.com\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","readmore":"Read more","article":"Article","show_post_quick_view":"on","show_mosaic_overlay":"on","enable_sidebar_affix":"on","particle_color":"#e8e8e8"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/themes/goliath/theme/assets/js/theme.js?ver=6.7.2" id="plsh-theme-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://opendatascience.com/wp-includes/js/underscore.min.js?ver=1.13.7" id="underscore-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="wp-util-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var _wpUtilSettings = {"ajax":{"url":"\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php"}}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://opendatascience.com/wp-includes/js/wp-util.min.js?ver=6.7.2" id="wp-util-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://opendatascience.com/wp-includes/js/dist/hooks.min.js?ver=4d63a3d491d11ffd8ac6" id="wp-hooks-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://opendatascience.com/wp-includes/js/dist/i18n.min.js?ver=5e580eb46a90c2b997e6" id="wp-i18n-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="wp-i18n-js-after"> /* <![CDATA[ */ wp.i18n.setLocaleData( { 'text direction\u0004ltr': [ 'ltr' ] } ); /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/ultimate-member/assets/libs/tipsy/tipsy.min.js?ver=1.0.0a" id="um_tipsy-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/ultimate-member/assets/libs/um-confirm/um-confirm.min.js?ver=1.0" id="um_confirm-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/ultimate-member/assets/libs/pickadate/picker.min.js?ver=3.6.2" id="um_datetime-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/ultimate-member/assets/libs/pickadate/picker.date.min.js?ver=3.6.2" id="um_datetime_date-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/ultimate-member/assets/libs/pickadate/picker.time.min.js?ver=3.6.2" id="um_datetime_time-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="um_common-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var um_common_variables = {"locale":"en_US"}; var um_common_variables = {"locale":"en_US"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/ultimate-member/assets/js/common.min.js?ver=2.10.1" id="um_common-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/ultimate-member/assets/libs/cropper/cropper.min.js?ver=1.6.1" id="um_crop-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="um_frontend_common-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var um_frontend_common_variables = []; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/ultimate-member/assets/js/common-frontend.min.js?ver=2.10.1" id="um_frontend_common-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/ultimate-member/assets/js/um-modal.min.js?ver=2.10.1" id="um_modal-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/ultimate-member/assets/libs/jquery-form/jquery-form.min.js?ver=2.10.1" id="um_jquery_form-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/ultimate-member/assets/libs/fileupload/fileupload.js?ver=2.10.1" id="um_fileupload-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/ultimate-member/assets/js/um-functions.min.js?ver=2.10.1" id="um_functions-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/ultimate-member/assets/js/um-responsive.min.js?ver=2.10.1" id="um_responsive-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/ultimate-member/assets/js/um-conditional.min.js?ver=2.10.1" id="um_conditional-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/ultimate-member/assets/libs/select2/select2.full.min.js?ver=4.0.13" id="select2-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/ultimate-member/assets/libs/select2/i18n/en.js?ver=4.0.13" id="um_select2_locale-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/ultimate-member/assets/libs/raty/um-raty.min.js?ver=2.6.0" id="um_raty-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="um_scripts-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var um_scripts = {"max_upload_size":"268435456","nonce":"8862457d6a"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/ultimate-member/assets/js/um-scripts.min.js?ver=2.10.1" id="um_scripts-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/ultimate-member/assets/js/um-profile.min.js?ver=2.10.1" id="um_profile-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://opendatascience.com/wp-content/plugins/ultimate-member/assets/js/um-account.min.js?ver=2.10.1" id="um_account-js"></script> <!-- Cookie Notice plugin v2.5.5 by Hu-manity.co https://hu-manity.co/ --> <div id="cookie-notice" role="dialog" class="cookie-notice-hidden cookie-revoke-hidden cn-position-bottom" aria-label="Cookie Notice" style="background-color: rgba(50,50,58,1);"><div class="cookie-notice-container" style="color: #fff"><span id="cn-notice-text" class="cn-text-container">We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it.</span><span id="cn-notice-buttons" class="cn-buttons-container"><a href="#" id="cn-accept-cookie" data-cookie-set="accept" class="cn-set-cookie cn-button" aria-label="Confirm" style="background-color: #00a99d">Confirm</a><a href="#" id="cn-refuse-cookie" data-cookie-set="refuse" class="cn-set-cookie cn-button" aria-label="No" style="background-color: #00a99d">No</a><a href="https://opendatascience.com/odsc-privacy-policy/" target="_blank" id="cn-more-info" class="cn-more-info cn-button" aria-label="Privacy policy" style="background-color: #00a99d">Privacy policy</a></span><span id="cn-close-notice" data-cookie-set="accept" class="cn-close-icon" title="No"></span></div> <div class="cookie-revoke-container" style="color: #fff"><span id="cn-revoke-text" class="cn-text-container">You can revoke your consent any time using the Revoke consent button.</span><span id="cn-revoke-buttons" class="cn-buttons-container"><a href="#" class="cn-revoke-cookie cn-button" aria-label="Revoke consent" style="background-color: #00a99d">Revoke consent</a></span> </div> </div> <!-- / Cookie Notice plugin --> <!-- END body --> <script type="text/javascript"> _linkedin_data_partner_id = "44953"; </script><script type="text/javascript"> (function(){var s = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0]; var b = document.createElement("script"); b.type = "text/javascript";b.async = true; b.src = "https://snap.licdn.com/li.lms-analytics/insight.min.js"; s.parentNode.insertBefore(b, s);})(); </script> <noscript> <img height="1" width="1" style="display:none;" alt="" src="https://dc.ads.linkedin.com/collect/?pid=44953&fmt=gif" /> </noscript> </body> <!-- END html --> </html>