Euroopa Komisjoni volinikukandidaatide kuulamiste ajalugu | Teemad

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role="main" id="website-body" class="pb-4"> <input type="hidden" id="webanalytic-id_chapters" value="topics"/> <input type="hidden" id="webanalytic-id_sub-chapters" value="how-the-eu-works"/> <input type="hidden" id="webanalytic-id_sub-sub-chapters" value=""/> <input type="hidden" id="webanalytic-id_pages" value="confirmation-hearings-in-the-past-0924"/> <input type="hidden" id="webanalytic-id_type" value="story"/> <input type="hidden" id="webanalytic-ep_bodies" value=""/> <input type="hidden" id="webanalytics-topics_by_weeks" value=""/> <input type="hidden" id="webanalytics-priority_category" value=""/> <input type="hidden" id="webanalytics-priority_wordlink" value=""/> <input type="hidden" id="webanalytics-reference" value="20240910STO23870"/> <input type="hidden" id="webanalytics-language" value="et"/> <div class="lg:max-w-3xl md:max-w-2xl mx-auto px-4"> <div data-component="story-intro" class="mb-12"> <h1 class="text-xl text-center pt-8 mb-6 text-black-greydark">Euroopa Komisjoni volinikukandidaatide kuulamiste ajalugu</h1> <p class="text-base text-center mb-4 text-black-greydark">Miks korraldab Euroopa Parlament Euroopa Komisjoni volinikukandidaatidele kuulamisi ning kuidas on need aja jooksul muutunud?</p> <div class="relative text-center"> <small class="infos flex flex-col justify-center items-center space-y-1 text-sm text-black-greydark"> <time datetime="09-10-2024">Avaldatud: 09-10-2024</time> <time class="" datetime="2024-10-09T15:51:00">Viimati uuendatud: 09-10-2024 - 15:51</time> <time datetime="PT4M" class="" >Lugemisaeg: 4 min</time> </small> </div> </div> </div>  <div class="lg:max-w-4xl md:max-w-2xl mx-auto px-4"> <div data-component="figure-default" class="block no-underline mb-12"> <figure> <a href="https://www.europarl.europa.eu/resources/library/images/20240910PHT23869/20240910PHT23869_original.jpg"> <img src="https://www.europarl.europa.eu/resources/library/images/20240910PHT23869/20240910PHT23869-cl.jpg" class="block mb-2" alt="Volinikukandidaadi Wopke Hoekstra kuualmine 2. oktoobril 2023." loading="lazy" srcset="https://www.europarl.europa.eu/resources/library/images/20240910PHT23869/20240910PHT23869-cs.jpg 320w, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/resources/library/images/20240910PHT23869/20240910PHT23869-cm.jpg 640w, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/resources/library/images/20240910PHT23869/20240910PHT23869-cl.jpg 1024w" sizes="100vw"> </a> <figcaption class="text-16px text-black-greydark"></figcaption> </figure> </div> </div> <div class="lg:max-w-3xl md:max-w-2xl mx-auto px-4"> <div data-component="story-content" class="mb-12"><h2 class="ep-wysiwig_heading-2" id="mis-on-volinikukandidaatide-kuulamised-6">Mis on volinikukandidaatide kuulamised?</h2> <br /> <p class="ep-wysiwig_paragraph">Euroopa Komisjoni volinikukandidaatide kuulamised tagavad ELi institutsioonide läbipaistvuse ja usaldusväärsuse. Liikmesriikide riigipead või valitsusjuhid esitavad oma kandidaadid Euroopa Komisjoni volinike ametikohale. Parlament korraldab kõikidele kandidaatidele avalikud kuulamised, peale mida kiidetakse kogu Euroopa Komisjoni koosseis heaks.<br /><br />Enne, kui kandidaadi saab kuulamisele kutsuda, peab parlamendi õiguskomisjon vaatama läbi kandidaadi majanduslike huvide deklaratsiooni, et välistada huvide konfliktid.<br /><br />Kuulamiste käigus hindab parlament volinikukandidaatide sobivust Euroopa Komisjoniga liitumiseks. Kui kuulamised on lõppenud, hääletab parlament Euroopa Komisjoni ametisse nimetamise üle.</p></div> </div> <div class="lg:max-w-3xl md:max-w-2xl mx-auto px-4"> <div data-component="link-bold-list" class="mb-12"> <ul class="[&>li]:mb-8 [&>li:last-of-type]:mb-0 [&>li>a]:relative [&>li>a]:inline-block [&>li>a]:text-base [&>li>a]:text-blue-default [&>li>a]:font-bold [&>li>a]:pl-4 [&>li>a:last-of-type]:mb-0; [&>li>a]:before:absolute [&>li>a]:before:left-0 [&>li>a]:before:top-2/4 [&>li>a]:before:block [&>li>a]:before:w-[6px] [&>li>a]:before:bg-blue-default [&>li>a]:before:-translate-y-2/4 [&>li>a]:before:h-[calc(100%-10px)]"> <li> <a href="https://elections.europa.eu/european-commission/et/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><span>Loe rohkem volinikukandidaatide kuulamiste kohta</span><img src="/news/img/icons/icon-ext-link.svg" width="15" class="inline-block ml-1" alt=""> <span class="sr-only sr-space">avaneb uues aknas</span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="lg:max-w-3xl md:max-w-2xl mx-auto px-4"> <div data-component="story-content" class="mb-12"><h2 class="ep-wysiwig_heading-2" id="muutused-euroopa-liidu-toimimises-9">Muutused Euroopa Liidu toimimises</h2> <p class="ep-wysiwig_paragraph"><br />Esialgu ei olnud parlament Euroopa Komisjoni ametisse nimetamisse kaasatud ning see oli liikmesriikide pädevuses.<br /><br />1993. aastal jõustunud Maastrichti leping andis parlamendile suuremad seadusandlikud volitused ning parlament sai õiguse hääletada Euroopa Komisjoni koosseisu üle.<br /><br />1995. aasta jaanuaris toimus <a href="https://multimedia.europarl.europa.eu/et/topic/first-commission-hearings_13103?tab=overview&photoType=25" target="_blank" rel="noopener">esimene ametlik volinikukandidaatide kuulamine</a>, mille tulemusena kiideti heaks Jacques Santeri poolt esitatud Euroopa Komisjoni koosseis.<br /><br />1999. aastal jõustunud Amsterdami lepinguga sai parlament õiguse anda heakskiit Euroopa Komisjoni presidendi ametisse nimetamisele.<br /><br />2009. aastal jõustunud Lissaboni lepinguga täpsustati kriteeriume, mida tuleb jälgida Euroopa Komisjoni koosseisu valimisel. Volinikukandidaate hinnatakse nende üldise asjatundlikkuse, Euroopale pühendumise ja isikliku sõltumatuse alusel.</p></div> </div> <div class="lg:max-w-3xl md:max-w-2xl mx-auto px-4"> <div data-component="story-content" class="mb-12"><h2 class="ep-wysiwig_heading-2" id="suurenev-kontroll-2">Suurenev kontroll</h2> <br /> <p class="ep-wysiwig_paragraph">Juba esimestel volinikukandidaatide kuulamistel tegid hindamisel osalevad parlamendikomisjonid <a href="https://www.europarl.europa.eu/EPRS/EPRS-Briefing-640131-Parliamentary-hearings-Commissioners-designate-FINAL.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">kriitilisi märkusi</a>, kui nende hinnangul puudusid kandidaatidel erialased teadmised neile määratud valdkonna kohta või kui nad ei soovinud võtta poliitilisi kohustusi. Sellele järgnevatel kuulamistel keskendusid kandidaadid üksikasjalikumalt kindlatele poliitikavaldkondadele.<br /><br />Nüüd on parlamendi üks kohustustest <a href="https://www.europarl.europa.eu/thinktank/et/document/IPOL_BRI(2022)700876" target="_blank" rel="noopener">jälgida Euroopa Komisjoni koosseisu edusamme</a>.<br /><br />Parlament võib korraldada ka <a href="https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/RULES-10-2024-07-16-RULE-141_ET.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">erikontrolliga seotud kuulamisi</a>, küsitledes kandidaate suure poliitilise tähtsusega teemadel.</p></div> </div> <div class="lg:max-w-3xl md:max-w-2xl mx-auto px-4"> <div data-component="story-content" class="mb-12"><h2 class="ep-wysiwig_heading-2" id="kuulamised-ja-euroopa-komisjoni-koosseis-2">Kuulamised ja Euroopa Komisjoni koosseis</h2> <br /> <p class="ep-wysiwig_paragraph">Kui parlament leiab, et kandidaat ei ole olnud piisavalt veenev, võib ta nõuda, et volinikule määratakse uus vastutusala või esitatakse uus kandidaat.<br /><br />2004. aastal vahetas José Manuel Barroso välja kaks volinikku - Rocco Buttiglione Itaaliast, kes oli esitatud õigus-, vabadus- ja turvalisusküsimuste volinikuks ja Ingrīda Ūdre Lätist, kes oli esitatud maksunduse volinikuks. Barroso muutis ka Ungari volinikukandidaadi László Kovácsi vastutusvaldkonna energeetikast maksunduseks.<br /><br />Bulgaaria volinikukandidaadil Rumiana Jeleval, kes oli määratud rahvusvahelise koostöö, humanitaarabi ja kriisidele reageerimise volinikuks, paluti 2010. aasta jaanuaris tagasi astuda.<br /><br />2014. aastal ei toetatud sloveenlase Alenka Bratušeki kandidatuuri energialiidu asepresidendi ametikohale. Pärast parlamendi hinnangut muudeti ka Ungari kandidaadi Tibor Navracsicsi vastutusvaldkonda. Kuigi algselt pidi Navracsicsi vastutama põhiõiguste ja kodakondsusega seotud küsimuste eest, siis hiljem määrati ta hariduse, kultuuri, noorte ja spordi valdkonna volinikuks.<br /><br />2019. aasta kuulamistel väljendas parlamendi õiguskomisjon muret <a href="https://www.europarl.europa.eu/news/et/press-room/20190930IPR62887/letters-by-president-sassoli-to-commission-president-elect-von-der-leyen" target="_blank" rel="noopener">võimalike huvide konfliktide</a> kohta pärast seda, kui ta oli uurinud Ungari õigusküsimuste voliniku kandidaadi László Trócsányi ja Rumeenia transpordivoliniku kandidaadi Rovana Plumbi majanduslike huvide deklaratsioone.<br /><br />Mõned päevad hiljem ei saanud ka volinikukandidaat Sylvie Goulardil siseturu- ja tarbijakaitsekomisjoni ning tööstuse, teadusuuringute ja energeetikakomisjoni toetust. Kõik kolm kandidaati - Trócsányi, Plumb ja Goulard - vahetati välja enne, kui <a href="https://www.europarl.europa.eu/news/et/press-room/20191121IPR67111/parlament-andis-toetuse-von-der-leyeni-komisjonile" target="_blank" rel="noopener">parlament andis oma heakskiidu Ursula von der Leyeni juhitavale komisjonile</a>.</p></div> </div> <div class="lg:max-w-3xl md:max-w-2xl mx-auto px-4"> <div data-component="box-links" class="mb-12"> <h2 class="text-22px font-bold mb-3">Lisateave</h2> <ul class="[&>li]:mb-2 [&>li:last-of-type]:mb-0 [&>li>a]:text-base [&>li>a]:text-blue-linkbody"> <li> <a href="/thinktank/et/document/EPRS_BRI(2024)762400"><span>Ülevaade: Euroopa Komisjoni volinikukandidaatide kuulamised</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="lg:max-w-6xl mx-auto px-4 xxl:px-2"> <div data-component="sharing-options" class="mb-1 flex flex-col lg:flex-row lg:justify-between lg:items-center"> <div class="flex flex-col lg:flex-row items-center"> <h2 class="text-16px font-bold 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