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[n]" accesskey="n"><span>Discussió per aquest IP</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Lloc"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contingut" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contingut</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">mou a la barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">amaga</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inici</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Programació" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Programació"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Programació</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Programació-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Història" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Història"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Història</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Història-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-EPROM_i_EEPROM" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#EPROM_i_EEPROM"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>EPROM i EEPROM</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-EPROM_i_EEPROM-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referències" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referències"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Referències</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referències-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vegeu_també" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vegeu_també"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Vegeu també</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vegeu_també-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contingut" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Commuta la taula de continguts." > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Commuta la taula de continguts.</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Memòria només de lectura programable</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vés a un article en una altra llengua. Disponible en 39 llengües" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-39" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">39 llengües</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B0%D8%A7%D9%83%D8%B1%D8%A9_%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A1%D8%A9_%D9%81%D9%82%D8%B7_%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A9_%D9%84%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%AC%D8%A9" title="ذاكرة قراءة فقط قابلة للبرمجة - àrab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ذاكرة قراءة فقط قابلة للبرمجة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="àrab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/PROM" title="PROM - búlgar" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="PROM" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="búlgar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/PROM" title="PROM - txec" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="PROM" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="txec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/PROM" title="PROM - danès" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="PROM" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Programmable_Read-Only_Memory" title="Programmable Read-Only Memory - alemany" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Programmable Read-Only Memory" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemany" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/Programmable_Read_Only_Memory" title="Programmable Read Only Memory - grec" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Programmable Read Only Memory" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Programmable_ROM" title="Programmable ROM - anglès" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Programmable ROM" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memoria_programable_de_solo_lectura" title="Memoria programable de solo lectura - espanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Memoria programable de solo lectura" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/PROM" title="PROM - estonià" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="PROM" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Programmable_Read_Only_Memory" title="Programmable Read Only Memory - basc" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Programmable Read Only Memory" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85_%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%84%E2%80%8C%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B2%DB%8C" title="رام قابل‌برنامه‌ریزی - persa" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="رام قابل‌برنامه‌ریزی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/PROM" title="PROM - finès" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="PROM" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A9moire_morte_programmable" title="Mémoire morte programmable - francès" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Mémoire morte programmable" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuimhne_inl%C3%A9ite_amh%C3%A1in_inr%C3%ADomhchl%C3%A1raithe" title="Cuimhne inléite amháin inríomhchláraithe - irlandès" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Cuimhne inléite amháin inríomhchláraithe" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/PROM_(ra%C4%8Dunalstvo)" title="PROM (računalstvo) - croat" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="PROM (računalstvo)" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/PROM" title="PROM - hongarès" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="PROM" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hongarès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Programmable_ROM" title="Programmable ROM - indonesi" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Programmable ROM" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Programmable_Read_Only_Memory" title="Programmable Read Only Memory - italià" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Programmable Read Only Memory" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/PROM" title="PROM - japonès" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="PROM" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/PROM" title="PROM - kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="PROM" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/PROM" title="PROM - coreà" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="PROM" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreà" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Programuojamoji_pastovioji_atmintis" title="Programuojamoji pastovioji atmintis - lituà" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Programuojamoji pastovioji atmintis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituà" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/PROM" title="PROM - letó" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="PROM" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letó" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Programmable_ROM" title="Programmable ROM - malai" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Programmable ROM" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Programmable_read-only_memory" title="Programmable read-only memory - neerlandès" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Programmable read-only memory" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Programowalna_pami%C4%99%C4%87_tylko_do_odczytu" title="Programowalna pamięć tylko do odczytu - polonès" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Programowalna pamięć tylko do odczytu" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/PROM" title="PROM - portuguès" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="PROM" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portuguès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/PROM" title="PROM - romanès" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="PROM" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="romanès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/PROM" title="PROM - rus" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="PROM" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Programabilni_ROM" title="Programabilni ROM - serbocroat" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Programabilni ROM" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbocroat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Programmable_read-only_memory" title="Programmable read-only memory - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Programmable read-only memory" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/PROM" title="PROM - eslovac" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="PROM" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="eslovac" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/ROM_i_Programuesh%C3%ABm" title="ROM i Programueshëm - albanès" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="ROM i Programueshëm" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Programabilni_ROM" title="Programabilni ROM - serbi" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Programabilni ROM" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/PROM" title="PROM - tai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="PROM" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/PROM" title="PROM - ucraïnès" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="PROM" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraïnès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/PROM" title="PROM - vietnamita" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="PROM" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamita" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8F%AF%E7%BC%96%E7%A8%8B%E5%8F%AA%E8%AF%BB%E5%AD%98%E5%82%A8%E5%99%A8" title="可编程只读存储器 - xinès wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="可编程只读存储器" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="xinès wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/PROM" title="PROM - xinès" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="PROM" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="xinès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q381364#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifica enllaços interlingües" class="wbc-editpage">Modifica els enllaços</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espais de noms"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Mem%C3%B2ria_nom%C3%A9s_de_lectura_programable" title="Vegeu el contingut de la pàgina [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Pàgina</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon 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id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ca" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxer:D23128C_PROM.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/D23128C_PROM.jpg/220px-D23128C_PROM.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="94" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/D23128C_PROM.jpg/330px-D23128C_PROM.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b9/D23128C_PROM.jpg 2x" data-file-width="407" data-file-height="173" /></a><figcaption>PROM D23128C a la plaqueta d'una <a href="/wiki/Sinclair_ZX_Spectrum" class="mw-redirect" title="Sinclair ZX Spectrum">Sinclair ZX Spectrum</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Una <b>memòria només de lectura programable</b> o <b>memòria morta programable</b> o <b>PROM</b> (per l'anglès <i>programmable read only memory</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> és una <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mem%C3%B2ria_digital&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Memòria digital (encara no existeix)">memòria digital</a> on el valor de cada <a href="/wiki/Bit" title="Bit">bit</a> depèn de l'estat d'un <a href="/wiki/Fusible" title="Fusible">fusible</a> (o <a href="/wiki/Antifusible" title="Antifusible">antifusible</a>), que pot ser cremat una sola vegada. és l'<a href="/wiki/Acr%C3%B2nim" title="Acrònim">acrònim</a> de <i>Programmable Read-Only Memory</i> (<a href="/wiki/Mem%C3%B2ria_ROM" title="Memòria ROM">memòria ROM</a> programable). Per això la memòria pot ser programada (poden ser escrits les dades) una sola vegada a través d'un dispositiu especial, un programador PROM. Aquestes memòries són utilitzades per gravar dades permanents en quantitats menors a les ROM, o quan les dades han de canviar en molts o tots els casos. Petites PROM han vingut utilitzant-se com <a href="/wiki/Generador_de_funcions" class="mw-redirect" title="Generador de funcions">generadors de funcions</a>, normalment en conjunció amb un <a href="/wiki/Multiplexor" class="mw-redirect" title="Multiplexor">multiplexor</a>. De vegades es preferien a les ROM perquè són bipolars, habitualment <a href="/wiki/L%C3%B2gica_TTL" class="mw-redirect" title="Lògica TTL">Schottky</a>, aconseguint grans velocitats. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Programació"><span id="Programaci.C3.B3"></span>Programació</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mem%C3%B2ria_nom%C3%A9s_de_lectura_programable&action=edit&section=1" title="Modifica la secció: Programació"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Una PROM comú es troba amb tots els bits en valor 1 com a valor per defecte de les fàbriques, el cremat de cada fusible, canvia el valor del corresponent bit a 0. La programació es realitza aplicant polsos d'alts voltatges que no es troben durant operacions normals (12 a 21 <a href="/wiki/Volt" title="Volt">volts</a>). El terme <i>Read-only</i> (només lectura) es refereix al fet que, a diferència d'altres memòries, les dades no poden ser canviats (com a mínim per l'usuari final). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Història"><span id="Hist.C3.B2ria"></span>Història</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mem%C3%B2ria_nom%C3%A9s_de_lectura_programable&action=edit&section=2" title="Modifica la secció: Història"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>La memòria PROM va ser inventada a <a href="/wiki/1956" title="1956">1956</a> per <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wen_Tsing_Chow&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wen Tsing Chow (encara no existeix)">Wen Tsing Chow</a>, treballant per a la Divisió Arma, de l'American Bosch Arma Corporation a <a href="/wiki/Garden_City_(Nova_York)" title="Garden City (Nova York)">Garden City (Nova York)</a>. La invenció va ser concebuda a petició de les <a href="/wiki/Forces_A%C3%A8ries_dels_Estats_Units" class="mw-redirect" title="Forces Aèries dels Estats Units">Forces Aèries dels Estats Units</a>, per aconseguir una forma més segura i flexible per a emmagatzemar les constants dels objectius en l'ordinador digital del <a href="/wiki/M%C3%ADssil_bal%C3%ADstic_intercontinental" title="Míssil balístic intercontinental">MBI</a> Atlas E/F. </p><p>La patent i la tecnologia associades van ser mantingudes sota secret per diversos anys mentre l'Atlas E/F <i> era el principal míssil dels Estats Units. El terme "cremar", referint-se al procés de gravar una PROM, es troba també en la patent original, perquè com a part de la implementació original havia de cremar literalment els díodes interns amb un excés de corrent per produir la discontinuïtat del circuit. Les primeres màquines de programació de PROMs també van ser desenvolupades per enginyers de la Divisió Arma sota la direcció del Sr Chow i van ser ubicats al laboratori Arma de Garden City, i a la prefectura del <a href="/w/index.php?title=Comandament_estrat%C3%A8gic_aeri&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Comandament estratègic aeri (encara no existeix)">Comandament estratègic aeri</a> de les Forces Aèries.</i> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="EPROM_i_EEPROM">EPROM i EEPROM</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mem%C3%B2ria_nom%C3%A9s_de_lectura_programable&action=edit&section=3" title="Modifica la secció: EPROM i EEPROM"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Wen Tsing Chow i altres enginyers de la Divisió Arma continuaren amb aquest succés dissenyant la primera Memòria de Només Lectura No destruible (<i> Non-Destructive Read-Only Memory, </i> NDRO <i>) per aplicar-ho a míssils guiats, fonamentat en una base de doble obertura magnètica. Aquestes memòries, dissenyades originalment per mantenir constants d'objectius, van ser utilitzades per a sistemes d'armes de <a href="/wiki/M%C3%ADssil_bal%C3%ADstic_intercontinental" title="Míssil balístic intercontinental">Míssil balístic intercontinental</a> i <a href="/w/index.php?title=M%C3%ADssil_bal%C3%ADstic_de_rang_mitj%C3%A0_m%C3%B2bil&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Míssil balístic de rang mitjà mòbil (encara no existeix)">Míssil balístic de rang mitjà mòbil</a>.</i> </p><p>La principal motivació per a aquest invent va ser que la Força Aèria Nord-americana necessitava reduir els costos de la fabricació de plaquetes d'objectius basades en PROMs que necessitaven canvis constants a mesura que arribava nova informació sobre objectius del bloc de nacions comunistes. Com que aquestes memòries són esborrables, programables i re-programables, constitueixen la primera implementació d'una producció de memòries <a href="/wiki/EPROM" title="EPROM">EPROM</a> i <a href="/wiki/EEPROM" title="EEPROM">EEPROM</a>, de fabricació anterior a 1963. </p><p>Cal observar que els termes moderns d'aquests dispositius, PROM, EPROM i <a href="/wiki/EEPROM" title="EEPROM">EEPROM</a>, no van ser creats fins un temps després que les aplicacions de míssils nuclears guiats haguessin estat operacionals. Les implementacions originals d'Arma es refereixen a les PROMs com "matriu d'emmagatzematge de constants"; i a les EPROMS i EEPROMs simplement eren anomenades "memòries NDRO". </p><p>Les modernes implementacions comercials de les PROM, EPROM i EEPROM basades en circuits integrats, esborrat per llum ultraviolada, i diverses propietats dels transistors, apareixen uns 10 anys després. Fins que aquestes noves implementacions van ser desenvolupades, fora d'aplicacions militars, era més barat fabricar memòries ROM d'utilitzar una de les noves cares tecnologies desenvolupades i fabricats pels contractistes de míssils de les forces aèries. </p><p>De tota manera, en míssils, naus espacials, satèl·lits i altres aplicacions de molta fiabilitat, segueixen en ús molts dels mètodes de la implementació original dels <a href="/wiki/D%C3%A8cada_del_1950" title="Dècada del 1950">anys 50</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referències"><span id="Refer.C3.A8ncies"></span>Referències</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mem%C3%B2ria_nom%C3%A9s_de_lectura_programable&action=edit&section=4" title="Modifica la secció: Referències"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist {{#if: | references-column-count references-column-count-{{{col}}}" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Denominacions recollides per <a href="/wiki/Termcat" class="mw-redirect" title="Termcat">Termcat</a>.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vegeu_també"><span id="Vegeu_tamb.C3.A9"></span>Vegeu també</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mem%C3%B2ria_nom%C3%A9s_de_lectura_programable&action=edit&section=5" title="Modifica la secció: Vegeu també"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mem%C3%B2ria_EPROM" class="mw-redirect" title="Memòria EPROM">Memòria EPROM</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mem%C3%B2ria_flaix" title="Memòria flaix">Memòria flaix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mem%C3%B2ria_reprogramable" title="Memòria reprogramable">Memòria reprogramable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EAROM" class="mw-redirect" title="EAROM">EAROM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mem%C3%B2ria_RAM" class="mw-redirect" title="Memòria RAM">Memòria RAM</a></li></ul> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Control_d%27autoritats" title="Control d'autoritats">Registres d'autoritat</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a> <span class="uid"> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://d-nb.info/gnd/4151109-8">1</a>)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><span style="display: none;" class="interProject"><a href="https://ca.wiktionary.org/wiki/PROM" class="extiw" title="wikt:PROM">Viccionari</a></span> </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Obtingut de «<a dir="ltr" href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Memòria_només_de_lectura_programable&oldid=33982068">https://ca.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Memòria_només_de_lectura_programable&oldid=33982068</a>»</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Categorias" title="Especial:Categorias">Categoria</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Mem%C3%B2ria_inform%C3%A0tica" title="Categoria:Memòria informàtica">Memòria informàtica</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Categoria oculta: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Control_d%27autoritats" title="Categoria:Control d'autoritats">Control d'autoritats</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> La pàgina va ser modificada per darrera vegada el 21 set 2024 a les 18:54.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">El text està disponible sota la <a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Text_de_la_llic%C3%A8ncia_de_Creative_Commons_Reconeixement-Compartir_Igual_4.0_No_adaptada" title="Viquipèdia:Text de la llicència de Creative Commons Reconeixement-Compartir Igual 4.0 No adaptada"> Llicència de Creative Commons Reconeixement i Compartir-Igual</a>; es poden aplicar termes addicionals. 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