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Pour ce faire, nous utilisons les instruments scientifiques les plus grands et les plus complexes du monde.</p> <p class="cern-btn"><a href="/fr/about">En savoir plus</a></p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-xs-0 col-sm-0 col-md-8 col-lg-8 col-item-megamenu"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-12 col-md-4 col-lg-4 col-item-megamenu"> <ul class="cern-submenu"> <li> <p class="h2 cernmenu-level-0"> <a href="/fr/about/who-we-are" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/5898">Qui sommes-nous ?</a> </p> <ul class=""> <li> <p class=" cernmenu-level-1 cernmenu-level-last "> <a href="/fr/about/who-we-are/our-mission" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/5273">Nos missions</a> </p> </li> <li> <p class=" cernmenu-level-1 cernmenu-level-last "> <a href="/fr/about/who-we-are/our-governance" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/5277">Notre gouvernance</a> </p> </li> <li> <p class=" cernmenu-level-1 cernmenu-level-last "> <a href="/fr/about/who-we-are/our-governance/member-states" 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class="view-header"> <p>Actualités, opinions, annonces et articles à la une</p> </div> <div class="view-content clearfix"> <div class="views-row"> <div data-history-node-id="191265" id="preview-card" class="component-preview-cards box-pattern" style="background:url('/sites/default/files/styles/large/public/2024-11/202410-267_167.jpg?itok=9FkCAvwX') no-repeat center center / cover" data-background="/sites/default/files/styles/large/public/2024-11/202410-267_167.jpg?itok=9FkCAvwX" class="component-preview-cards box-pattern"> <a class="box-link" target="" href="/fr/news/press-release/cern/cern-council-selects-mark-thomson-next-director-general-starting-2026"></a> <div class="component-preview-cards__veil"></div> <div class="component-preview-cards__box_wrapper"> <div class="component-preview-cards__box"> <div class="preview-card__title"> <h3 class="standard-title"> <a href="/fr/news/press-release/cern/cern-council-selects-mark-thomson-next-director-general-starting-2026" hreflang="fr" title="Le Conseil du CERN choisit Mark Thomson comme prochain directeur général du CERN à compter de 2026"> <span> Le Conseil du CERN choisit Mark Thomson comme... </span> </a> </h3> </div> <div class="preview-card__body"></div> <div class="preview-cards__subtext"> <div class="preview-card__category" style="color:"> At CERN </div> <div class="preview-card__category" style="color:"> Press release </div> <div class="preview-card__date" style="color:"> <time datetime="2024-11-06T11:00:02Z">6 novembre, 2024</time> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="views-row"> <div data-history-node-id="191152" id="preview-card--2" class="component-preview-cards box-pattern" style="background:url('/sites/default/files/styles/large/public/2024-10/ba1938f2-89a3-4bdd-bd79-5b83ed6f3e35.JPG?itok=Lh4ptU3U') no-repeat center center / cover" data-background="/sites/default/files/styles/large/public/2024-10/ba1938f2-89a3-4bdd-bd79-5b83ed6f3e35.JPG?itok=Lh4ptU3U" class="component-preview-cards box-pattern"> <a class="box-link" target="" href="/fr/news/news/cern/estonian-flag-raised-cern"></a> <div class="component-preview-cards__veil"></div> <div class="component-preview-cards__box_wrapper"> <div class="component-preview-cards__box"> <div class="preview-card__title"> <h3 class="standard-title"> <a href="/fr/news/news/cern/estonian-flag-raised-cern" hreflang="fr" title="Le drapeau de l’Estonie hissé au CERN"> <span> Le drapeau de l’Estonie hissé au CERN </span> </a> </h3> </div> <div class="preview-card__body"></div> <div class="preview-cards__subtext"> <div class="preview-card__category" style="color:"> At CERN </div> <div class="preview-card__category" style="color:"> News </div> <div class="preview-card__date" style="color:"> <time datetime="2024-10-17T12:33:54Z">17 octobre, 2024</time> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="views-row"> <div data-history-node-id="191124" id="preview-card--3" class="component-preview-cards box-pattern" style="background:url('/sites/default/files/styles/large/public/2024-10/Picture%201.jpg?itok=YeI6iEmy') no-repeat center center / cover" data-background="/sites/default/files/styles/large/public/2024-10/Picture%201.jpg?itok=YeI6iEmy" class="component-preview-cards box-pattern"> <a class="box-link" target="" href="/fr/news/press-release/physics/particle-physicists-chart-course-future"></a> <div class="component-preview-cards__veil"></div> <div class="component-preview-cards__box_wrapper"> <div class="component-preview-cards__box"> <div class="preview-card__title"> <h3 class="standard-title"> <a href="/fr/news/press-release/physics/particle-physicists-chart-course-future" hreflang="fr" title="La physique des particules dessine son avenir"> <span> La physique des particules dessine son avenir... </span> </a> </h3> </div> <div class="preview-card__body"></div> <div class="preview-cards__subtext"> <div class="preview-card__category" style="color:"> Physics </div> <div class="preview-card__category" style="color:"> Press release </div> <div class="preview-card__date" style="color:"> <time datetime="2024-10-11T09:08:31Z">11 octobre, 2024</time> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="views-row"> <div data-history-node-id="191077" id="preview-card--4" class="component-preview-cards box-pattern" style="background:url('/sites/default/files/styles/large/public/2024-10/10-Family-photo%20%281%29.jpg?itok=UtnK0P4h') no-repeat center center / cover" data-background="/sites/default/files/styles/large/public/2024-10/10-Family-photo%20%281%29.jpg?itok=UtnK0P4h" class="component-preview-cards box-pattern"> <a class="box-link" target="" href="/fr/news/press-release/cern/blowing-out-70-candles-cern-celebrates-seven-decades-discoveries-and-looks"></a> <div class="component-preview-cards__veil"></div> <div class="component-preview-cards__box_wrapper"> <div class="component-preview-cards__box"> <div class="preview-card__title"> <h3 class="standard-title"> <a href="/fr/news/press-release/cern/blowing-out-70-candles-cern-celebrates-seven-decades-discoveries-and-looks" hreflang="fr" title="Le CERN souffle ses 70 bougies, l’occasion de célébrer sept décennies de découvertes et de se projeter vers un futur brillant pour la science et l’innovation"> <span> Le CERN souffle ses 70 bougies, l’occasion de... </span> </a> </h3> </div> <div class="preview-card__body"></div> <div class="preview-cards__subtext"> <div class="preview-card__category" style="color:"> At CERN </div> <div class="preview-card__category" style="color:"> Press release </div> <div class="preview-card__date" style="color:"> <time datetime="2024-10-01T10:00:00Z">1 octobre, 2024</time> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="view-footer"> <p class="cern-btn"><a class="cern-btn" href="/fr/news?audience=23">Dernières actualités</a></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-xs-0 col-sm-0 col-md-6 col-lg-6 col-item-megamenu"> <div 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BIRTH OF WEB, LHC...</span> <div class="search-block-form block block-search block-search-form-block" data-drupal-selector="search-block-form" role="search"> <form action="/fr/search/node" method="get" id="search-block-form" accept-charset="UTF-8"> <div class="form-item js-form-item form-type-search js-form-type-search form-item-keys js-form-item-keys form-no-label form-group"> <label for="edit-keys" class="control-label sr-only">Rechercher</label> <div class="input-group"><input title="Indiquer les termes à rechercher" data-drupal-selector="edit-keys" class="form-search form-control" placeholder="Rechercher" type="search" id="edit-keys" name="keys" value="" size="15" maxlength="128" data-toggle="tooltip" /><span class="input-group-btn"><button type="submit" value="Rechercher" class="button js-form-submit form-submit btn-primary btn icon-only"><span class="sr-only">Rechercher</span><span class="icon glyphicon glyphicon-search" aria-hidden="true"></span></button></span></div> </div> <div class="form-actions form-group js-form-wrapper form-wrapper" data-drupal-selector="edit-actions" id="edit-actions--2"></div> </form> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="dropdown cern-menu-lang-switcher"> <a class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="true"> <span class="separator">|</span> fr <span class="caret"></span> </a> <ul class="dropdown-menu"> <li><section class="language-switcher-language-url block block-language block-language-blocklanguage-interface clearfix" role="navigation"> <ul class="links"><li hreflang="en" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/5298" class="en"><a href="/science/physics" class="language-link" hreflang="en" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/5298">en</a></li><li hreflang="fr" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/5298" class="fr is-active"><a href="/fr/science/physics" class="language-link is-active" hreflang="fr" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/5298">fr</a></li></ul> </section> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> <!-- /.navbar-collapse --> </div> <!-- /.container-fluid --> </nav> </nav> </div> </section> </div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <main role="main"> <a id="main-content" tabindex="-1"></a> <div class="container-fluid cern-page-display-page cern-page-display-landing_page"> <div class="has-no-column wrapper-center col-md-12 col-sm-12 col-xs-12"> <div class="region region-content"> <div data-drupal-messages-fallback class="hidden"></div> <div data-drupal-messages-fallback class="hidden"></div> <div data-history-node-id="5298" class="layout layout--onecol"> <div class="layout__region layout__region--content"> <div class="field field--name-field-component field--type-entity-reference-revisions field--label-hidden field--items"> <div class="field--item"> <div class="component-row component-row__display__fluid section-navigation component-row__has-header effect_none is_full_height"> <div class="component-row__row"> <div class="component-row__column component-row__center section-has-no-column col-md-12 col-sm-12 col-xs-12"> <div class="box-effects-wrapper "> <div class="cern-component-header-blocks component-header"> <div id="header-blocks--2" class="owl-carousel owl-theme component-header__carousel header-carousel"> <div class="header-block"> <div class="header-block__title"> <h3 class="header-block__name" > <span> Physique </span> <span class="header-block__name__underline"></span> </h3> <span class="header-block__subhead" ><hr> <p class="text-align-center"><span class="header-block__subhead">Le programme de recherche du CERN aborde des thèmes variés allant des kaons aux rayons cosmiques et du Modèle standard à la supersymétrie</span></p> </span> </div> <div class="background__veil"></div> <div class="background-component background__cds_media" style="height: 100%;"> <figure class="cds-image" data-record-id="1697053" data-filename="FourMuon" id="ATLAS-PHO-EVENTS-2014-015-1"> <a href="//cds.cern.ch/images/ATLAS-PHO-EVENTS-2014-015-1" title="View on CDS"> <img alt="An ATLAS event with 4 muons" src="//cds.cern.ch/images/ATLAS-PHO-EVENTS-2014-015-1/file?size=large"/> </a> <figcaption> <span> (Image: CERN)</span> </figcaption> </figure> </div> </div> </div> <span class="component-header__scroll"></span> </div> <a class="endof-cern-header-blocks"></a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field--item"> <div class="component-row component-row__display__centered section-navigation effect_none"> <div class="component-row__row"> <div class="component-row__column component-row__center section-has-no-column col-md-12 col-sm-12 col-xs-12"> <div class="box-effects-wrapper "> <div class="component-margin component-margin-small" ></div> <div class="text-component text-component-page clearfix"> <div class="text-component-text cern_full_html"> <p>La physique des particules – l’étude des constituants fondamentaux de la matière – constitue le principal axe des recherches menées au CERN. Toutefois, le programme de physique du Laboratoire est bien plus vaste, allant de la physique nucléaire à la physique des hautes énergies, et de l’étude de l'antimatière aux effets possibles des rayons cosmiques sur les nuages.</p> <p>Depuis les années 1970, les physiciens des particules décrivent la structure fondamentale de la matière à l’aide d’une série d’équations complexes, constituant le <a href="https://home-evergreen.web.cern.ch/fr/about/physics/standard-model">Modèle standard</a>. Ce modèle décrit le comportement des particules fondamentales - les constituants de base dont est fait toute chose visible dans l’Univers – ainsi que les quatre forces qui s’exercent entre elles. Les physiciens du CERN utilisent les accélérateurs et détecteurs de particules les plus puissants du monde pour mettre à l’épreuve les prédictions du Modèle standard. Avec le temps, ce modèle, qui a permis d’expliquer de nombreux résultats expérimentaux et a prédit avec précision toute une série de phénomènes, s’est imposé comme une théorie reposant sur de solides fondements expérimentaux.</p> <p>Toutefois, le Modèle standard ne décrit que 4 % de l'Univers connu, et plusieurs questions restent sans réponse. Observerons-nous une unification des forces de la nature aux plus hautes énergies du <a href="https://home-evergreen.web.cern.ch/fr/about/accelerators/large-hadron-collider">Grand collisionneur de hadrons</a> (LHC) ? Pourquoi la gravité est-elle si faible ? Pourquoi y a-t-il davantage de matière que d’<a href="https://home-evergreen.web.cern.ch/fr/about/physics/search-antimatter">antimatière</a> dans l’Univers ? Doit-on s’attendre à découvrir une physique plus exotique à des énergies plus élevées ? Découvrirons-nous au LHC des éléments qui nous permettront de confirmer la théorie de la <a href="https://home-evergreen.web.cern.ch/fr/about/physics/supersymmetry">supersymétrie</a> ? Ou de comprendre le boson de Higgs, qui confère la masse aux particules ?</p> <p>Les physiciens du CERN cherchent les réponses à toutes ces questions, et bien plus encore. Apprenez-en davantage dans les pages qui suivent.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field--item"> <div class="component-row component-row__display__centered section-navigation effect_none"> <div class="component-row__row"> <div class="component-row__column component-row__center section-has-no-column col-md-12 col-sm-12 col-xs-12"> <div class="box-effects-wrapper "> <div class="text-component text-component-page clearfix"> <h2 class="text-component-title"> Particules et forces </h2> <div class="text-component-text cern_full_html"> <div class="story-page-node--body mt-2 clearfix"> <p>Les scientifiques du CERN cherchent à savoir quels sont les plus petits éléments de la matière et comment ils interagissent entre eux.</p> <p>La matière que nous connaissons est formée de molécules, elles-mêmes constituées d'atomes. Les atomes sont constitués d’un noyau autour duquel gravitent des électrons. Le noyau est un amas de protons et de neutrons, eux même formés de quarks. Les quarks et les électrons semblent indivisibles (sans sous-structure connue).</p> <p>Les quarks et les électrons font partie des particules élémentaires étudiés au CERN et dans d'autres laboratoires. Mais en menant des expériences, les physiciens ont trouvé d’autres particules élémentaires, si nombreuses qu’ils ont dû les organiser, tout comme Mendeleev avait organisé les éléments dans le tableau périodique qui porte son nom.</p> <p>Ils ont ainsi développé un modèle théorique concis, appelé <a href="https://home.web.cern.ch/fr/science/physics/standard-model">modèle standard</a>, qui permet de classer ce zoo de nouvelles particules. Aujourd'hui, nous comprenons mieux l’existence de ces particules et comment elles interagissent.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="component-margin component-margin-small" ></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field--item"> <div class="component-row component-row__display__centered section-navigation effect_none"> <div class="component-row__row"> <div class="component-row__column component-row__center section-has-no-column col-md-12 col-sm-12 col-xs-12"> <div class="box-effects-wrapper "> <div class="component-margin component-margin-medium" ></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field--item"> <div class="component-row component-row__display__centered section-navigation effect_none"> <div class="component-row__row"> <div class="component-row__column component-row__center section-has-no-column col-md-12 col-sm-12 col-xs-12"> <div class="box-effects-wrapper "> <div id="preview-card--5" class="component-preview-cards box-pattern portrait landing_page" style="background:url('//cds.cern.ch/images/OPEN-PHO-EXP-2018-004-1/file?size=medium') no-repeat center center / cover" data-background="//cds.cern.ch/images/OPEN-PHO-EXP-2018-004-1/file?size=medium" class="component-preview-cards box-pattern portrait landing_page"> <a class="box-link" target="" href="/fr/science/physics/standard-model"></a> <div class="component-preview-cards__veil"></div> <div class="component-preview-cards__box_wrapper"> <div class="component-preview-cards__box"> <div class="preview-card__title"> <h3><a href="/fr/science/physics/standard-model" title="Modèle standard"> <span style="color:"> Modèle standard </span> </a></h3> </div> <div class="preview-card__body"></div> <div class="preview-cards__subtext"> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="preview-card--6" class="component-preview-cards box-pattern portrait landing_page" style="background:url('//cds.cern.ch/images/CMS-PHO-EVENTS-2011-010-12/file?size=medium') no-repeat center center / cover" data-background="//cds.cern.ch/images/CMS-PHO-EVENTS-2011-010-12/file?size=medium" class="component-preview-cards box-pattern portrait landing_page"> <a class="box-link" target="" href="/about/physics/higgs-boson"></a> <div class="component-preview-cards__veil"></div> <div class="component-preview-cards__box_wrapper"> <div class="component-preview-cards__box"> <div class="preview-card__title"> <h3><a href="/about/physics/higgs-boson" title="Boson de Higgs"> <span style="color:"> Boson de Higgs </span> </a></h3> </div> <div class="preview-card__body"></div> <div class="preview-cards__subtext"> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="preview-card--7" class="component-preview-cards box-pattern simple-display landing_page" style="background:url('//cds.cern.ch/images/CERN-EX-69576-1/file?size=small') no-repeat center center / cover" data-background="//cds.cern.ch/images/CERN-EX-69576-1/file?size=small" class="component-preview-cards box-pattern simple-display landing_page"> <a class="box-link" target="" href="/fr/science/physics/w-boson-sunshine-and-stardust"></a> <div class="component-preview-cards__veil"></div> <div class="component-preview-cards__box_wrapper"> <div class="component-preview-cards__box"> <div class="preview-card__title"> <h3><a href="/fr/science/physics/w-boson-sunshine-and-stardust" title="Boson W"> <span style="color:"> Boson W </span> </a></h3> </div> <div class="preview-card__body"></div> <div class="preview-cards__subtext"> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="preview-card--8" class="component-preview-cards box-pattern simple-display landing_page" style="background:url('//cds.cern.ch/images/CERN-EX-8704168-1/file?size=small') no-repeat center center / cover" data-background="//cds.cern.ch/images/CERN-EX-8704168-1/file?size=small" class="component-preview-cards box-pattern simple-display landing_page"> <a class="box-link" target="" href="/fr/science/physics/w-boson-sunshine-and-stardust"></a> <div class="component-preview-cards__veil"></div> <div class="component-preview-cards__box_wrapper"> <div class="component-preview-cards__box"> <div class="preview-card__title"> <h3><a href="/fr/science/physics/w-boson-sunshine-and-stardust" title="Boson Z"> <span style="color:"> Boson Z </span> </a></h3> </div> <div class="preview-card__body"></div> <div class="preview-cards__subtext"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field--item"> <div class="component-row component-row__display__centered section-navigation effect_none"> <div class="component-row__row"> <div class="component-row__column component-row__center section-has-no-column col-md-12 col-sm-12 col-xs-12"> <div class="box-effects-wrapper "> <div class="text-component text-component-page clearfix"> <h2 class="text-component-title"> Comprendre notre univers </h2> </div> <div id="preview-card--18" class="component-preview-cards box-pattern simple-display landing_page" style="background:url('/sites/default/files/2018-10/403689main_cobe_1024-768_0.jpg') no-repeat center center / cover" data-background="/sites/default/files/2018-10/403689main_cobe_1024-768_0.jpg" class="component-preview-cards box-pattern simple-display landing_page"> <a class="box-link" target="" href="/science/physics/early-universe"></a> <div class="component-preview-cards__veil"></div> <div class="component-preview-cards__box_wrapper"> <div class="component-preview-cards__box"> <div class="preview-card__title"> <h3><a href="/science/physics/early-universe" title="L'Univers primordial"> <span style="color:"> L'Univers primordial </span> </a></h3> </div> <div class="preview-card__body"></div> <div class="preview-cards__subtext"> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="preview-card--19" class="component-preview-cards box-pattern simple-display landing_page" style="background:url('//cds.cern.ch/images/CERN-EX-0711033-02/file?size=small') no-repeat center center / cover" 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data-background="/sites/default/files/2018-10/higgs%20product%20%280%3B00%3B28%3B06%29.jpeg" class="component-preview-cards box-pattern simple-display landing_page"> <a class="box-link" target="" href="/fr/science/physics/dark-matter"></a> <div class="component-preview-cards__veil"></div> <div class="component-preview-cards__box_wrapper"> <div class="component-preview-cards__box"> <div class="preview-card__title"> <h3><a href="/fr/science/physics/dark-matter" title="La matière noire"> <span style="color:"> La matière noire </span> </a></h3> </div> <div class="preview-card__body"></div> <div class="preview-cards__subtext"> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="preview-card--22" class="component-preview-cards box-pattern simple-display landing_page" style="background:url('//cds.cern.ch/images/CMS-PHO-GEN-2017-008-1/file?size=small') no-repeat center center / cover" data-background="//cds.cern.ch/images/CMS-PHO-GEN-2017-008-1/file?size=small" class="component-preview-cards box-pattern 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