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[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Ingia</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Tovuti"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Kabla ya Kristo</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Nenda kwenye makala kwa lugha nyingine. Lugha 39 zinapatikana" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-39" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Lugha 39</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ann mw-list-item"><a href="https://ann.wikipedia.org/wiki/SK" title="SK – Kiobolo" lang="ann" hreflang="ann" data-title="SK" data-language-autonym="Obolo" data-language-local-name="Kiobolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Obolo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enantes_de_Cristu" title="Enantes de Cristu – Kiasturia" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Enantes de Cristu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Kiasturia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%96%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%82%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC" title="খ্রিস্টপূর্ব – Kibengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="খ্রিস্টপূর্ব" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Kibengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abans_de_Crist" title="Abans de Crist – Kikatalani" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Abans de Crist" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Kikatalani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DB%8E%D8%B4_%D8%B2%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C%D9%86" title="پێش زایین – Kikurdi cha Sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="پێش زایین" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Kikurdi cha Sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C5%99._n._l." title="Př. n. l. – Kicheki" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Př. n. l." data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Kicheki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyn_Crist" title="Cyn Crist – Kiwelisi" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Cyn Crist" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Kiwelisi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ante_Christum" title="Ante Christum – Kidenmaki" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Ante Christum" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Kidenmaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/V._Chr." title="V. Chr. – Kijerumani" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="V. Chr." data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Kijerumani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ante_Christum_natum" title="Ante Christum natum – Kiingereza" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Ante Christum natum" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Kiingereza" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antes_de_Cristo" title="Antes de Cristo – Kihispania" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Antes de Cristo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Kihispania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/EKr" title="EKr – Kiestonia" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="EKr" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Kiestonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristo_aurreko" title="Kristo aurreko – Kibaski" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Kristo aurreko" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Kibaski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%B4_%D8%A7%D8%B2_%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="پیش از میلاد – Kiajemi" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پیش از میلاد" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Kiajemi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ante_Christum_natum_et_post_Christum_natum" title="Ante Christum natum et post Christum natum – Kifaransa" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Ante Christum natum et post Christum natum" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Kifaransa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/F.Kr." title="F.Kr. – Kifrisia cha Kaskazini" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="F.Kr." data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Kifrisia cha Kaskazini" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prin_di_Crist" title="Prin di Crist – Kifriulian" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Prin di Crist" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Kifriulian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roimh_Chr%C3%ADost" title="Roimh Chríost – Kiayalandi" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Roimh Chríost" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Kiayalandi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antes_de_Cristo" title="Antes de Cristo – Kigalisi" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Antes de Cristo" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Kigalisi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr._Kr." title="Pr. Kr. – Kikorasia" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Pr. Kr." data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kikorasia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avanti_Cristo" title="Avanti Cristo – Kiitaliano" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Avanti Cristo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Kiitaliano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B4%80%E5%85%83%E5%89%8D" title="紀元前 – Kijapani" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="紀元前" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Kijapani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ber%C3%AE_zay%C3%AEn%C3%AA" title="Berî zayînê – Kikurdi" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Berî zayînê" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kikurdi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ante_Christum_natum" title="Ante Christum natum – Kilatini" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Ante Christum natum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Kilatini" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/V._Chr." title="V. Chr. – Kilasembagi" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="V. Chr." data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Kilasembagi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/P.d.S." title="P.d.S. – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="P.d.S." data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ante_Christum_natum" title="Ante Christum natum – Kimalta" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Ante Christum natum" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Kimalta" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/A.C." title="A.C. – Kinapoli" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="A.C." data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Kinapoli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Przed_nasz%C4%85_er%C4%85" title="Przed naszą erą – Kipolandi" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Przed naszą erą" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Kipolandi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A8%D9%84_%D9%85%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%AD" title="قبل مسیح – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="قبل مسیح" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8E.Hr." title="Î.Hr. – Kiromania" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Î.Hr." data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Kiromania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/BC" title="BC – Kiskoti" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="BC" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Kiskoti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pred_Kristom" title="Pred Kristom – Kislovakia" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Pred Kristom" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Kislovakia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pamberi_pa_Kristo" title="Pamberi pa Kristo – Kishona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Pamberi pa Kristo" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Kishona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ante_Christum_natum" title="Ante Christum natum – Kiserbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Ante Christum natum" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Kiserbia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%B6re_Kristus" title="Före Kristus – Kiswidi" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Före Kristus" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Kiswidi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A8%D9%84_%D9%85%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%AD" title="قبل مسیح – Kiurdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="قبل مسیح" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Kiurdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanti_Cristo" title="Vanti Cristo – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Vanti Cristo" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C3%BA-chi%C3%A2n" title="Chú-chiân – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Chú-chiân" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q28200#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Hariri viungo vya lugha zingine" class="wbc-editpage">Hariri viungo</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Maeneo ya wiki"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Kabla_ya_Kristo" title="Onyesha kurasa zilizopo [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Makala</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Majadiliano:Kabla_ya_Kristo&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Mazungumzo kuhusu makala (bado haujaandikwa) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Majadiliano</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> 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data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Mandhari</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">hamishia kwenye mwambaa upande</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">ficha</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Kutoka Wikipedia, kamusi elezo huru</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Elekezwa kutoka <a href="/w/index.php?title=KK&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="KK">KK</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="sw" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Faili:Austria_Klagenfurt_Dome_12.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Austria_Klagenfurt_Dome_12.jpg/220px-Austria_Klagenfurt_Dome_12.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Austria_Klagenfurt_Dome_12.jpg/330px-Austria_Klagenfurt_Dome_12.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Austria_Klagenfurt_Dome_12.jpg/440px-Austria_Klagenfurt_Dome_12.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1153" data-file-height="856" /></a><figcaption>Uandishi wa "Anno Domini" katika <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kanisa_kuu_la_Klagenfurt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kanisa kuu la Klagenfurt (bado haujaandikwa)">kanisa kuu la Klagenfurt </a>, <a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a></figcaption></figure> <p><b>Kabla ya kuzaliwa kwake Yesu Kristo</b> (kifupi: KK) ni namna mojawapo ya kutaja miaka. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Hesabu" title="Hesabu">Hesabu</a> hii imekuwa njia ya kuhesabu miaka inayotumika zaidi <a href="/wiki/Dunia" title="Dunia">duniani</a> siku hizi. </p><p>Kila <a href="/wiki/Mwaka" title="Mwaka">mwaka</a> huhesabiwa kuanzia ule uliodhaniwa kuwa mwaka wa kuzaliwa kwake <a href="/wiki/Yesu_Kristo" class="mw-redirect" title="Yesu Kristo">Yesu Kristo</a>. Miaka iliyofuata kuzaliwa kwake hutajwa kwa kuongeza <a href="/wiki/Baada_ya_Kristo" title="Baada ya Kristo">Baada ya Kristo</a> au kifupi: BK. </p><p>Kuhusu <a href="/wiki/Historia" title="Historia">historia</a> ya hesabu hii tazama: <a href="/wiki/Baada_ya_Kristo" title="Baada ya Kristo">Historia ya Hesabu "Kabla ya / Baada ya Kristo"</a> </p> <table style="font-size:90%; width: 65%; padding: 3px; margin: 0 auto;" class="toccolours"> <tbody><tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Faili:Hourglass.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Hourglass.svg/30px-Hourglass.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Hourglass.svg/45px-Hourglass.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Hourglass.svg/60px-Hourglass.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="189" data-file-height="315" /></a></span> </td> <td>Makala hii kuhusu mambo ya kihistoria bado ni <b>mbegu</b>. <br /> Je, unajua kitu kuhusu <b>Kabla ya Kristo</b> kama enzi zake au matokeo yake? <br />Labda unaona habari katika Wikipedia ya Kiingereza au lugha nyingine zinazofaa kutafsiriwa? <br />Basi unaweza kuisaidia Wikipedia kwa <a class="external text" href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?stub&title=Kabla_ya_Kristo&action=edit">kuihariri na kuongeza habari</a><i>.</i> </td></tr></tbody></table>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Rudishwa kutoka "<a dir="ltr" href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kabla_ya_Kristo&oldid=1177704">https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kabla_ya_Kristo&oldid=1177704</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Maalum:Jamii" title="Maalum:Jamii">Jamii</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jamii:Mbegu_za_historia" title="Jamii:Mbegu za historia">Mbegu za historia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Jamii:Kalenda" title="Jamii:Kalenda">Kalenda</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Jamii:Yesu_Kristo" title="Jamii:Yesu Kristo">Yesu Kristo</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Ukurasa huu umebadilishwa kwa mara ya mwisho tarehe 5 Julai 2021, saa 03:08.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Maandishi yanapatikana chini ya leseni ya <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License</a>; matakwa mengine yanaweza kutakiwa. 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