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/* cache key: we_en-mw_:resourceloader:filter:minify-js:7:c97edcdadc592e996cfeb0280be7c28b */ }</script> <script>if(window.mw){ mw.loader.load(["mediawiki.page.startup","mediawiki.legacy.wikibits","mediawiki.legacy.ajax","skins.vector.js"]); }</script> </head> <body class="mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr ns-0 ns-subject page-Libre_knowledge_discussion_topics skin-vector action-view vector-animateLayout"> <div id="mw-page-base" class="noprint"></div> <div id="mw-head-base" class="noprint"></div> <div id="content" class="mw-body" role="main"> <a id="top"></a> <div id="mw-js-message" style="display:none;"></div> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading" lang="en"><span dir="auto">Libre knowledge/discussion topics</span></h1> <div id="bodyContent"> <div id="siteSub">From WikiEducator</div> <div id="contentSub"><span class="subpages">< <a href="/Libre_knowledge" title="Libre knowledge">Libre knowledge</a></span></div> <div id="jump-to-nav" class="mw-jump"> Jump to: <a href="#mw-navigation">navigation</a>, <a href="#p-search">search</a> </div> <div id="mw-content-text" lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"><div id="ProjectNav" class="navigation"> <div style="float: right;"><a href="http://freedomdefined.org/Libre" rel="nofollow"><img alt="Libre Knowledge Culture Society ethereal PNG.png" src="/images/thumb/a/a8/Libre_Knowledge_Culture_Society_ethereal_PNG.png/128px-Libre_Knowledge_Culture_Society_ethereal_PNG.png" width="128" height="128" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a8/Libre_Knowledge_Culture_Society_ethereal_PNG.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a8/Libre_Knowledge_Culture_Society_ethereal_PNG.png 2x" /></a></div> <p style="font-size: 160%; color: #5F666F;"><a href="/Libre_Knowledge" title="Libre Knowledge" class="mw-redirect">Libre Knowledge</a> and culture on WikiEducator</p> <p><span style="color:green">Knowledge for all, freedom to learn, towards collective wisdom </p> <dl> <dd><dl> <dd>Enabling communities to empower themselves with knowledge.</span> </dd> </dl> </dd> </dl> <div id="ProjectNavPages"><a href="/Libre_knowledge" title="Libre knowledge">Home</a>  |  <a href="/Libre/Knowledge" title="Libre/Knowledge">About</a>  |  <a href="/Philosophy_and_rationale_of_libre_knowledge" title="Philosophy and rationale of libre knowledge">Philosophy</a>  |  <a href="/Readings_related_to_libre_knowledge" title="Readings related to libre knowledge">Readings</a>  |  <a href="/Advocacy_of_libre_knowledge" title="Advocacy of libre knowledge">Advocacy</a>  |  <a href="/Libre_Knowledge_Communities" title="Libre Knowledge Communities">Communities</a>  |  <a href="/Libre_knowledge/learn" title="Libre knowledge/learn">Learn</a>  |  <strong class="selflink">Discuss</strong>  |  <a href="/Libre_knowledge/FAQs" title="Libre knowledge/FAQs">FAQs</a></div> </div> <p><br style="clear:both;" /> </p> <div style="float:right"><div id="toc" class="toc"><div id="toctitle"><h2>Contents</h2></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Terminology"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Terminology</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-2"><a href="#Libre_and_Free"><span class="tocnumber">1.1</span> <span class="toctext">Libre and Free</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="#Libre_knowledge_definition"><span class="tocnumber">1.2</span> <span class="toctext">Libre knowledge definition</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="#Libre_and_open"><span class="tocnumber">1.3</span> <span class="toctext">Libre and open</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="#Mis-uses_of_libre"><span class="tocnumber">1.4</span> <span class="toctext">Mis-uses of libre</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6"><a href="#Glossaries"><span class="tocnumber">1.5</span> <span class="toctext">Glossaries</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-7"><a href="#General:_terms_to_use_or_avoid"><span class="tocnumber">1.6</span> <span class="toctext">General: terms to use or avoid</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-8"><a href="#Related_terms"><span class="tocnumber">1.7</span> <span class="toctext">Related terms</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-9"><a href="#Definitions_and_more"><span class="tocnumber">1.8</span> <span class="toctext">Definitions and more</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-10"><a href="#Pragmatics:_Methodology_and_Productivity"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Pragmatics: Methodology and Productivity</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-11"><a href="#Copyright_law_and_licensing"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Copyright law and licensing</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-12"><a href="#Generalisations"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Generalisations</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-13"><a href="#Licensing"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Licensing</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-14"><a href="#Knowledge"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">Knowledge</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-15"><a href="#What_knowledge_.28if_any.29_should_not_be_libre.3F"><span class="tocnumber">6.1</span> <span class="toctext">What knowledge (if any) should not be libre?</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-16"><a href="#Broader_implications_of_libre_knowledge"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">Broader implications of libre knowledge</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-17"><a href="#History_and_philosophy"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">History and philosophy</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-18"><a href="#The_concept_of_libre_and_non-libre_knowledge"><span class="tocnumber">8.1</span> <span class="toctext">The concept of libre and non-libre knowledge</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-19"><a href="#Other_discussion_ideas_and_venues"><span class="tocnumber">9</span> <span class="toctext">Other discussion ideas and venues</span></a></li> </ul> </div> <div style="float: right; border:solid #000 1px; margin: 1px;"> <table cellspacing="0" style="width: 260px; background: white;"> <tr> <td style="width: 45px; height: 45px; background: #FFFFFF; text-align: center; font-size: 14pt; color: black;"> <a href="/File:Optical_illusion_image_used_in_psychological_tests.png" class="image"><img alt="Optical illusion image used in psychological tests.png" src="/images/thumb/9/9f/Optical_illusion_image_used_in_psychological_tests.png/45px-Optical_illusion_image_used_in_psychological_tests.png" width="45" height="45" srcset="/images/thumb/9/9f/Optical_illusion_image_used_in_psychological_tests.png/68px-Optical_illusion_image_used_in_psychological_tests.png 1.5x, /images/thumb/9/9f/Optical_illusion_image_used_in_psychological_tests.png/90px-Optical_illusion_image_used_in_psychological_tests.png 2x" /></a> </td> <td style="font-size: 8pt; padding: 4pt; line-height: 1.25em; color: black;">You are encouraged to explore other perspectives to those presented here. </td></tr></table></div> <p><br /> </p> </div> <p>As with all the learning resources shared here under Libre Knowledge, in addition to engaging educators and learners directly in improving these resources, the hope is that educators and learners consider incorporating variations of these discussions in their own courses elsewhere. </p><p>In addition to the topics below, browse the discussion tabs of the Libre knowledge pages and engage. </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Terminology">Terminology</span></h2> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Libre_and_Free">Libre and Free</span></h3> <ul> <li> Is the word "<a href="/Libre" title="Libre">libre</a>" worthy of a Wikipedia page of its own? (<a href="/Talk:Libre" title="Talk:Libre">discuss</a>) <ul> <li> A WikiEducator page "<a href="/Libre" title="Libre">Libre</a>" exists which was originally (15 October 2014) based on a <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140823011648/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libre">snapshot</a> on <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/">archive.org</a>) of the corresponding page on Wikipedia (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Articles_for_deletion/Libre">deleted from Wikipedia</a> on 12 October 2014 and replaced with a disambiguation page). </li> <li> An undeletion request resulted in a draft <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:KTucker/Libre" class="extiw" title="w:User:KTucker/Libre">userfied version</a> currently under discussion. </li> <li> In tandem a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:KTucker/Libre_knowledge_(draft)" class="extiw" title="w:User:KTucker/Libre knowledge (draft)">new draft of the Libre Knowledge article</a> is also in preparation and may result in some merging. </li> <li> These drafts may evolve into essays on WikiEducator, rather than Wikipedia articles. Pre-essay snapshots on WE: <a href="/Libre" title="Libre">Libre</a> and <a href="/Libre/Knowledge" title="Libre/Knowledge">Libre Knowledge</a>. </li> </ul> </li> <li> Discuss the meaning of OER, open knowledge, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://freedomdefined.org/Definition">free</a> / <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://freedomdefined.org/Libre">libre cultural works</a> and <a href="/Libre_knowledge" title="Libre knowledge">libre knowledge</a>. </li> <li> Re-discuss this without using the terms "open" and "free" - use <i>libre</i> and <i>gratis</i> as appropriate . <ul> <li> How did the conversation change? </li> <li> Related article on use of NC: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://freedomdefined.org/Licenses/NC">The Case for Free Use: Reasons Not to Use a Creative Commons -NC License</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> <ul> <li> <a href="/Libre_vs_Free" title="Libre vs Free">Libre vs Free</a> and saying "libre" when that is what is meant (rather than "open" or "free": <a href="/Say_Libre" title="Say Libre">Say Libre</a> where applicable). <ul> <li> Why do most people in the "open" camp choose not to say "libre"? <ul> <li> Perhaps part of the reason might be that they want "open" to mean "libre" (see related: <a href="/Advocacy_of_libre_knowledge#Interacting_with_related_initiatives" title="Advocacy of libre knowledge">Advocacy of libre knowledge#Interacting with related initiatives</a>). </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Libre_knowledge_definition">Libre knowledge definition</span></h3> <ul> <li> Does the definition of libre knowledge specify that libre (knowledge) resources are free of DRM or other restricting devices? Should the definition be modified? <ul> <li> Which clauses in the Creative Commons licences/deeds permit/disallow this? </li> </ul> </li> </ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Libre_and_open">Libre and open</span></h3> <ul> <li> Some software is released with the source code available but has dependencies which are non-free (e.g. libraries or modules for which the source code is not available, or the code only runs on specific non-free operating systems). Can this software be regarded as libre? </li> </ul> <ul> <li> Some knowledge repositories include resources which are freely available, modifiable and shareable but contain components that are in proprietary file formats which cannot be edited easily with libre software (e.g. open educational resources with flash components). Are these resources libre? If not, why not. If so, why so? </li> </ul> <ul> <li> Are OER typically libre? What proportion of OER are libre? <ul> <li> Find some stats or do some research and add links below. <ul> <li> ... </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> <ul> <li> Are MOOCs typically libre? Find examples and discuss. <ul> <li> Find some stats or do some research and add links below. <ul> <li> ... </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> <ul> <li> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://documentfreedom.org/2011/">Document Freedom Day (DFD) 2011</a> - referred to open document formats and open standards. Is the term "open" sufficient in this context, or should one <a href="/Say_Libre" title="Say Libre">say "libre"</a>? (or refer to "free document formats"/"<a href="/Free_file_format" title="Free file format">free file formats</a>"). If the latter, tell someone. <ul> <li> Has this issue resolved in the years since then (especially this year)? </li> </ul> </li> </ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Mis-uses_of_libre">Mis-uses of libre</span></h3> <p>Words take on generally understood meanings when used in certain contexts. For example, in the context of <a href="/Free_software" title="Free software" class="mw-redirect">free software</a>, "free" is understood to mean "libre", the term "proprietary software" is understood to refer to "nonfree" software which lacks at least one of the four core freedoms. In other contexts, the discussants might not have that understanding and assume that "free software" means <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gratis_software" class="extiw" title="w:Gratis software">software gratis</a> - i.e. any software that is available free of charge irrespective of whether its source code is available or whether they have the freedom to modify and share it. When we refer to "free knowledge" in the context of (e.g.) the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_Knowledge_Institute" class="extiw" title="w:Free Knowledge Institute">Free Knowledge Institute</a> or <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia" class="extiw" title="w:Wikipedia">Wikipedia</a> or <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hipatia.info/">Hipatia</a>, the libre sense of "free" is understood. </p><p>The question becomes, in what contexts may we assume this libre meaning of free and then, to avoid <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gratis_versus_libre" class="extiw" title="w:Gratis versus libre">ambiguity</a>, simply <a href="/Say_libre" title="Say libre" class="mw-redirect">say libre</a>? </p><p>A real problem arises when the meaning of "libre" is corrupted and its usefulness in disambiguating free is undermined. Typically, this occurs when people conflate the two separate issues of freedom and price. </p><p>The discussion topic(s) below focus on this issue and encourages learners to find examples (please add) and think about and discuss them. </p> <hr /> <ul> <li> Uses (and misuses) of the word "libre" <ul> <li> Find and discuss uses of the word <i>libre</i> which are at variance with the way libre is commonly defined for <a href="/Libre_software" title="Libre software" class="mw-redirect">libre software</a>, <a href="/Libre_knowledge" title="Libre knowledge">libre knowledge</a> and <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://freedomdefined.org/Libre">libre cultural works</a>. </li> <li> Start with this one: "Libre Open Access" in Peter Suber's book "Open Access" (section <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mitpress.mit.edu/sites/default/files/titles/content/openaccess/Suber_10_chap3.html#chap3">3.3</a>). <ul> <li> How is the meaning of <i>libre</i> different (i.e. "libre OA" vs <a href="/Libre_software" title="Libre software" class="mw-redirect">libre software</a>, <a href="/Libre_knowledge" title="Libre knowledge">libre knowledge</a> and <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://freedomdefined.org/Libre">libre cultural works</a>)? </li> <li> Do the distinctions described in the book make sense, and are they useful? </li> <li> Are there alternative labels that could have been used for the different types of OA which would not involve a departure from the usual meaning of <i>libre</i>? </li> <li> What are the implications? <ul> <li> Undermines or detracts from achieving the libre vision? </li> <li> Creates a sub-context "OA" with its own (contradictory) meaning for the word <i>libre</i> <ul> <li> Introducing ambiguity? (Open access community, with a different definition of libre, will find communication difficult with related communities: open knowledge, open education, libre knowledge, libre software, etc.) </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li> See also: <ul> <li> The <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libre" class="extiw" title="w:Libre"> Libre article on Wikipedia</a> touches on the issue. </li> <li> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lists.okfn.org/pipermail/okfn-discuss/2012-March/thread.html">okfn-discuss Problems of nomenclature</a> (and related discussion). </li> </ul> </li> <li> Notes: <ul> <li> conflates issues of price and freedom, .... </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> <ul> <li> Discuss other words or phrases which may lead to confusion in this context <ul> <li> Find Richard Stallman's list (on gnu.org) of words to avoid or use with care such as "intellectual property", ... </li> </ul> </li> </ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Glossaries">Glossaries</span></h3> <ul> <li> Discuss and consolidate related glossaries <ul> <li> Start <a href="/Libre_knowledge/Terminology" title="Libre knowledge/Terminology">here</a> and link to others below. </li> </ul> </li> </ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="General:_terms_to_use_or_avoid">General: terms to use or avoid</span></h3> <ul> <li> Discuss the pros and cons of using words like "restrictive", "permissive", "open", "closed", "libre", "non-libre", "non-free", "gratis", "free", etc. in comparisons of Creative Commons and other licences. </li> </ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Related_terms">Related terms</span></h3> <ul> <li> Discuss the usefulness of the term "liberated knowledge" what could a term like this mean if not "libre knowledge"? <ul> <li> Hint: see <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_formerly_proprietary_software" class="extiw" title="w:List of formerly proprietary software">List of formerly proprietary software</a> ... spoiler: formerly closed knowledge (unavailable on account of various barriers). The Free Culture Movement have done much to raise awareness and bring about liberation of knowledge resources. Find and link to examples. </li> </ul> </li> </ul> <ul> <li> Discuss the term "liberating knowledge" <ul> <li> Liberating as a verb </li> <li> Liberating as an adjective. </li> </ul> </li> </ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Definitions_and_more">Definitions and more</span></h3> <p>Create sub-pages of <a href="/Libre" title="Libre">Libre</a> with more on: </p> <ul> <li> <a href="/Libre" title="Libre">Libre</a> <ul> <li> _ <a href="/Libre/Knowledge" title="Libre/Knowledge">knowledge</a> </li> <li> _ <a href="/Libre/Software" title="Libre/Software" class="mw-redirect">software</a> </li> <li> _ community </li> <li> _ <a href="/Libre/Resources" title="Libre/Resources" class="mw-redirect">resources</a> </li> <li> _ manifesto </li> <li> _ protocol </li> <li> Etc. </li> </ul> </li> </ul> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Pragmatics:_Methodology_and_Productivity">Pragmatics: Methodology and Productivity</span></h2> <p>While advocates of the "libre" perspective emphasise the ethics of freedom, the pragmatics emphasised by advocates of "open" source (etc.) mostly also apply. </p><p>Discuss the following: </p> <ul> <li> While <a href="/Libre_Knowledge_Resources_Development_Cycle" title="Libre Knowledge Resources Development Cycle">developing libre knowledge resources</a>, what principles of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open-source_software#Open-source_software_development" class="extiw" title="w:Open-source software">Open-source software development</a> may be applied? <ul> <li> Are there differences or other principles which apply? </li> </ul> </li> <li> What features of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agile_software_development" class="extiw" title="w:Agile software development">agile software development methodologies</a> also apply in the development of libre knowledge resources? </li> </ul> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Copyright_law_and_licensing">Copyright law and licensing</span></h2> <ul> <li> How would you change copyright law as it stands today? For some ideas see: <ul> <li> <a href="/Brief_History_of_Copyright" title="Brief History of Copyright">Brief History of Copyright</a> and <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://edition.cnn.com/2012/01/31/opinion/patry-copyright-law/index.html">Time to update copyright law?</a> </li> <li> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.indiegogo.com/future-of-copyright">Future of Copyright Contest</a> </li> <li> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ip-watch.org/2012/02/27/%E2%80%98balanced%E2%80%99-copyright-not-a-magic-solving-word/">‘Balanced’ Copyright: Not a Magic Solving Word</a> – Alan Story. </li> <li> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://infojustice.org/washington-declaration-html">Washington Declaration</a>. </li> <li> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wiki.creativecommons.org/4.0">Creative Commons 4.0 discussions</a>. </li> </ul> </li> </ul> <ul> <li> Discuss the relative merits of cc-by, cc-by-sa and cc-by-nc-sa. </li> </ul> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Generalisations">Generalisations</span></h2> <p>It all started with free software on desktop and server computers, are the principles generalisable to data, information, knowledge and other things? </p> <ul> <li> Data <ul> <li> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_data" class="extiw" title="w:Open data">Open data</a> </li> <li> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Data_Liberation_Front" class="extiw" title="w:Google Data Liberation Front">Google Data Liberation Front</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> <ul> <li> Software as a Service <ul> <li> Search for videos and other resources by Richard Stallman on Software as a Service (SaaS). For example, <ul> <li> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cl6XFZH5aWU">Richard Stallman and Marcelo d'Elia Branco on Free Software, SaaS and Cloud Computing</a>). </li> <li> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/who-does-that-server-really-serve.html">Who does that server really serve?</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> <ul> <li> Free network services <ul> <li> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://autonomo.us">autonomo.us</a> (towards free network services) </li> </ul> </li> </ul> <ul> <li> Hardware </li> <li> <a href="/Libre_knowledge/Hardware" title="Libre knowledge/Hardware">Libre Hardware</a> - discuss this generalisation. </li> </ul> <ul> <li> Etc. <ul> <li> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://fcforum.net/">Barcelona Charter</a> and a <a href="/Barcelona_Charter_for_Innovation_Creativity_and_Access_to_Knowledge_-_Libre_Interpretation" title="Barcelona Charter for Innovation Creativity and Access to Knowledge - Libre Interpretation">libre interpretation</a> of an earlier version. </li> </ul> </li> </ul> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Licensing">Licensing</span></h2> <ul> <li> Which license is more supportive of freedom to learn for all: <a href="/Libre_knowledge/discussion_topics/cc-by_vs_cc-by-sa" title="Libre knowledge/discussion topics/cc-by vs cc-by-sa"><b>cc-by</b> vs <b>cc-by-sa</b></a> ? <ul> <li> Do fewer restrictions always imply more freedom in the long run? <ul> <li> What "freedom" does the "sa" restriction in cc-by-sa restrict? </li> <li> To protect and encourage growth of the commons, which of these two licenses would you recommend? <ul> <li> What assumptions are you making? </li> </ul> </li> <li> Would public domain or cc0 be even better (or worse) in terms of freedom to learn for all in the long term? (explain your answer). </li> </ul> </li> <li> Also see the discussion exercise: <a href="/Libre_knowledge/discussion_topics/Protecting_the_Commons_and_Inclusivity" title="Libre knowledge/discussion topics/Protecting the Commons and Inclusivity">Protecting the Commons and Inclusivity</a>. </li> </ul> </li> </ul> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Knowledge">Knowledge</span></h2> <p>These are loaded questions which philosophers have debated for millennia. </p> <ul> <li> What is knowledge? What are knowledge resources? </li> <li> What is culture? What are cultural works? </li> <li> Is there a difference? </li> </ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="What_knowledge_.28if_any.29_should_not_be_libre.3F">What knowledge (if any) should not be libre?</span></h3> <ul> <li> What if all explicit knowledge was libre? <ul> <li> What types of knowledge should not be freely available? <ul> <li> Add links to your discussions ... <ul> <li> Thoughts: confidentiality, privacy, safety, some resources by authors etc. making a living through production of the resources (e.g. not already being paid for the work with public funds). </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Broader_implications_of_libre_knowledge">Broader implications of libre knowledge</span></h2> <ul> <li> Free software, free society (YouTube: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ag1AKIl_2GM">Richard Stallman at TEDxGeneva 2014</a>) </li> <li> <a href="/Libre_knowledge/discussion_topics/Protecting_the_Commons_and_Inclusivity" title="Libre knowledge/discussion topics/Protecting the Commons and Inclusivity">Protecting The Commons</a>. </li> <li> <a href="/Be_Libre" title="Be Libre">Be Libre</a>: what does all this mean in terms of how one could go about one's life? </li> <li> <a href="/Libre_knowledge_and_sustainability" title="Libre knowledge and sustainability">Libre knowledge and sustainability</a> </li> <li> Identify and discuss further aspects of freedom (or "rights") which may need consideration. For example, <ul> <li> Tivoisation (see for example, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gnu.org/licenses/rms-why-gplv3.html">Why Upgrade to GPLv3 by Richard Stallman)</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> Human rights <ul> <li> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2006/09/04/fourth-generation-human-rights.html">The fourth generation of human rights</a> </li> <li> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2011/02/19/universal-human-rights-and-internet-freedom.html">Universal human rights and Internet freedom</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="History_and_philosophy">History and philosophy</span></h2> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="The_concept_of_libre_and_non-libre_knowledge">The concept of libre and non-libre knowledge</span></h3> <p>When might these concepts have first existed before being formalised in (e.g.) copyright law?<br /> Were there other ways of controlling the sharing of knowledge previously? </p> <ul> <li> Going way back (pre-copyright, ..., pre-writing, ..., pre-human, ...) <ul> <li> Is inherited knowledge libre? (e.g. migration routes, or the know-how to navigate them, bees' ability to communicate nectar locations, etc.) <ul> <li> It is genetically hardwired and copied from generation to generation (almost) exactly (ND), so No. </li> <li> It changes over evolutionary time, .... Ok, maybe Yes. <ul> <li> But is restricted to the species who (apart from humans in the not too distant future) have no control over it (<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_selection" class="extiw" title="w:Natural selection">natural selection</a> does) </li> </ul> </li> <li> It depends ... </li> <li> ... </li> </ul> </li> <li> Is learned knowledge libre? e.g. <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tool_use_by_animals" class="extiw" title="w:Tool use by animals">tool use by animals</a> such as chimpanzees teaching their young to use tools to catch insects or obtain honey <ul> <li> The knowledge is shared freely within the troupe (and possibly some onlookers) </li> </ul> </li> <li> Some animals choose not to share certain types of knowledge (making it closed or non-libre). Examples include dogs burying their bones (not for other dogs) and Chimpanzees not revealing a hidden banana to another higher in the hierarchy. For more examples see <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deception_in_animals" class="extiw" title="w:Deception in animals">Deception in animals</a>. </li> <li> What about "<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esoteric_knowledge" class="extiw" title="w:Esoteric knowledge">esoteric knowledge</a>"? <ul> <li> Much of it was unwritten. </li> <li> Only shared within a community of initiates. </li> </ul> </li> <li> Links: <ul> <li> See <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hipatia.info/">About Hipatia - Free knowledge in action for the people of the world</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypatia" class="extiw" title="w:Hypatia">Hypatia on Wikipedia</a>. </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Other_discussion_ideas_and_venues">Other discussion ideas and venues</span></h2> <ul> <li> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://libreknowledge.wordpress.com/">Libre Knowledge on Wordpress</a> </li> <li> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://librelens.wordpress.com/">Libre Lens</a> </li> <li> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dataliberation.org/">Data Liberation</a> and the <a href="/Libre_Puro_Emblem" title="Libre Puro Emblem">Libre Puro Emblem</a> - scope this discussion. </li> <li> Is <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/">Copyleft</a> as used in the context of <a href="/Libre_software" title="Libre software" class="mw-redirect">libre software</a> the same as share-alike as used in <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/">Creative Commons licences</a>? <ul> <li> Related discussions: <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Share-alike" class="extiw" title="w:Talk:Share-alike">Wikipedia on share-alike</a>. </li> </ul> </li> <li> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Permission_culture" class="extiw" title="w:Permission culture">Permission culture</a> vs <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Remix_culture" class="extiw" title="w:Remix culture">Remix culture</a> </li> </ul>   </div> <div class="printfooter"> Retrieved from "<a href="https://wikieducator.org/index.php?title=Libre_knowledge/discussion_topics&oldid=1041482">https://wikieducator.org/index.php?title=Libre_knowledge/discussion_topics&oldid=1041482</a>" </div> <div id='catlinks' class='catlinks'><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/Special:Categories" title="Special:Categories">Category</a>: <ul><li><a href="/Category:POV" title="Category:POV">POV</a></li></ul></div></div> <div class="visualClear"></div> </div> </div> <div id="mw-navigation"> <h2>Navigation menu</h2> <div id="mw-head"> <div id="p-personal" role="navigation" class="" aria-labelledby="p-personal-label"> <h3 id="p-personal-label">Personal tools</h3> <ul> <li id="pt-login"><a href="/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Libre+knowledge%2Fdiscussion+topics" title="You are encouraged to log in; however, it is not mandatory [o]" accesskey="o">Log in</a></li><li id="pt-createaccount"><a href="/Special:RequestAccount">Request account</a></li> </ul> </div> <div id="left-navigation"> <div id="p-namespaces" role="navigation" class="vectorTabs" aria-labelledby="p-namespaces-label"> <h3 id="p-namespaces-label">Namespaces</h3> <ul> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected"><span><a href="/Libre_knowledge/discussion_topics" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c">Page</a></span></li> <li id="ca-talk"><span><a href="/Talk:Libre_knowledge/discussion_topics" title="Discussion about the content page [t]" accesskey="t">Discussion</a></span></li> </ul> </div> <div id="p-variants" role="navigation" class="vectorMenu emptyPortlet" aria-labelledby="p-variants-label"> <h3 id="mw-vector-current-variant"> </h3> <h3 id="p-variants-label"><span>Variants</span><a href="#"></a></h3> <div class="menu"> <ul> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="right-navigation"> <div id="p-views" role="navigation" class="vectorTabs" aria-labelledby="p-views-label"> <h3 id="p-views-label">Views</h3> <ul> <li id="ca-view" class="selected"><span><a href="/Libre_knowledge/discussion_topics" >Read</a></span></li> <li id="ca-viewsource"><span><a href="/index.php?title=Libre_knowledge/discussion_topics&action=edit" title="This page is protected.
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