CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"0af9c18b-d8ce-4bd5-8aed-fc29bef1e0ad","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Abd_Allah_ibn_al-Zubayr","wgTitle":"Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr","wgCurRevisionId":1252675380,"wgRevisionId":1252675380,"wgArticleId":2221150,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Pages using the EasyTimeline extension","Articles with short description","Short description is different from Wikidata","Use American English from July 2020","All Wikipedia articles written in American English","Use dmy dates from August 2024","Articles containing Arabic-language text","Good articles","624 births","692 deaths","7th-century caliphs","Family of Abu Bakr","Companions of the Prophet","People of the First Fitna","People of the Second Fitna", "Banu Asad (Quraysh)","Hejaz under the Umayyad Caliphate"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Abd_Allah_ibn_al-Zubayr","wgRelevantArticleId":2221150,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":40000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false, "wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q307665","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","ext.timeline.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=[ "ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","ext.scribunto.logs","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.timeline.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Silver_dirham_of_Abd_Allah_ibn_al-Zubayr_690-91.jpg/1200px-Silver_dirham_of_Abd_Allah_ibn_al-Zubayr_690-91.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1216"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Silver_dirham_of_Abd_Allah_ibn_al-Zubayr_690-91.jpg/800px-Silver_dirham_of_Abd_Allah_ibn_al-Zubayr_690-91.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="811"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Silver_dirham_of_Abd_Allah_ibn_al-Zubayr_690-91.jpg/640px-Silver_dirham_of_Abd_Allah_ibn_al-Zubayr_690-91.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="649"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abd_Allah_ibn_al-Zubayr"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Abd_Allah_ibn_al-Zubayr&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abd_Allah_ibn_al-Zubayr"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Abd_Allah_ibn_al-Zubayr rootpage-Abd_Allah_ibn_al-Zubayr skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Main menu </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z">Main page</a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia">Contents</a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events">Current events</a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x">Random article</a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works">About Wikipedia</a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia">Contact us</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia">Help</a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia">Learn to edit</a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors">Community portal</a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r">Recent changes</a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia">Upload file</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"> Search </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Appearance </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class="">Donate</a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Abd+Allah+ibn+al-Zubayr" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class="">Create account</a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Abd+Allah+ibn+al-Zubayr" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class="">Log in</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Personal tools </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en">Donate</a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Abd+Allah+ibn+al-Zubayr" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"> Create account</a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Abd+Allah+ibn+al-Zubayr" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"> Log in</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing">learn more</a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y">Contributions</a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n">Talk</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Early_life_and_career" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_life_and_career"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1 Early life and career </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Early_life_and_career-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Early life and career subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Early_life_and_career-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Family" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Family"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.1 Family </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Family-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Military_career" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Military_career"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.2 Military career </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Military_career-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Revolt" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Revolt"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 Revolt </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Revolt-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Revolt subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Revolt-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Opposition_to_the_Umayyads" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Opposition_to_the_Umayyads"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 Opposition to the Umayyads </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Opposition_to_the_Umayyads-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Claim_to_the_caliphate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Claim_to_the_caliphate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 Claim to the caliphate </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Claim_to_the_caliphate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Suppression_and_death" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Suppression_and_death"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3 Suppression and death </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Suppression_and_death-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Descendants" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Descendants"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Descendants </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Descendants-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Assessment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Assessment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Assessment </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Assessment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Timeline_of_the_two_caliphates" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Timeline_of_the_two_caliphates"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Timeline of the two caliphates </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Timeline_of_the_two_caliphates-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ancestry" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ancestry"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Ancestry </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ancestry-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Notes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Bibliography </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 Further reading </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 51 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-51" aria-hidden="true" > 51 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87_%D8%A8%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B2%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B1" title="عبد الله بن الزبير – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="عبد الله بن الزبير" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_ibn_Z%C3%BCbeyr" title="Abdullah ibn Zübeyr – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Abdullah ibn Zübeyr" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B9_%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B2_%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0" title="আবদুল্লাহ ইবনুল জুবায়ের – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="আবদুল্লাহ ইবনুল জুবায়ের" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%92%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D2%BB_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%97%D3%A9%D0%B1%D3%99%D0%B9%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Ғабдуллаһ бин Зөбәйер – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Ғабдуллаһ бин Зөбәйер" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target">Башҡортса</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abd-Al%C2%B7lah_ibn_az-Zubayr" title="Abd-Al·lah ibn az-Zubayr – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Abd-Al·lah ibn az-Zubayr" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdull%C3%A1h_ibn_az-Zubajr" title="Abdulláh ibn az-Zubajr – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Abdulláh ibn az-Zubajr" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Zubayr" title="Ibn Zubayr – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Ibn Zubayr" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CA%BFAbdall%C4%81h_ibn_az-Zubair" title="ʿAbdallāh ibn az-Zubair – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="ʿAbdallāh ibn az-Zubair" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abd_Allah_ibn_al-Zubayr" title="Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87_%D8%A8%D9%86_%D8%B2%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B1" title="عبدالله بن زبیر – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="عبدالله بن زبیر" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abd_Allah_ibn_az-Zubayr" title="Abd Allah ibn az-Zubayr – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Abd Allah ibn az-Zubayr" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%84%EB%B8%8C%EB%93%9C_%EC%95%8C%EB%9D%BC_%EC%9D%B4%EB%B8%90_%EC%95%8C-%EC%A3%BC%EB%B0%94%EC%9D%B4%EB%A5%B4" title="아브드 알라 이븐 알-주바이르 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="아브드 알라 이븐 알-주바이르" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_%C9%97an_al-Zubayr" title="Abdullah ɗan al-Zubayr – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Abdullah ɗan al-Zubayr" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hausa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B2-%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BC%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%B0" title="अब्दुल्ला इब्न अल-ज़ुबैर – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="अब्दुल्ला इब्न अल-ज़ुबैर" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_bin_Zubair" title="Abdullah bin Zubair – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Abdullah bin Zubair" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CA%BFAbd_All%C4%81h_ibn_al-Zubayr" title="ʿAbd Allāh ibn al-Zubayr – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="ʿAbd Allāh ibn al-Zubayr" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A2%D7%91%D7%93%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%9C%D7%94_%D7%90%D7%91%D7%9F_%D7%90-%D7%96%D7%95%D7%91%D7%99%D7%99%D7%A8" title="עבדאללה אבן א-זובייר – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="עבדאללה אבן א-זובייר" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%91%E1%83%93_%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A-%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%B0_%E1%83%98%E1%83%91%E1%83%9C_%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A-%E1%83%96%E1%83%A3%E1%83%91%E1%83%90%E1%83%98%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98" title="აბდ ალ-ლაჰ იბნ ალ-ზუბაირი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="აბდ ალ-ლაჰ იბნ ალ-ზუბაირი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D2%BB_%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BD_%D3%99%D0%B7-%D0%97%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%80" title="Абдуллаһ ибн әз-Зубайр – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Абдуллаһ ибн әз-Зубайр" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ebdullah_bin_Zubeyr" title="Ebdullah bin Zubeyr – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Ebdullah bin Zubeyr" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kurdî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0_%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%97%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%80" title="Абдулла ибни Зубайр – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Абдулла ибни Зубайр" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кыргызча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdula_ibn_al_Zubairas" title="Abdula ibn al Zubairas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Abdula ibn al Zubairas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87_%D8%A8%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B2%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B1" title="عبد الله بن الزبير – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="عبد الله بن الزبير" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_ibn_Zubair" title="Abdullah ibn Zubair – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Abdullah ibn Zubair" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abd_Allah_ibn_al-Zoebair" title="Abd Allah ibn al-Zoebair – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Abd Allah ibn al-Zoebair" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%96%E3%83%89%E3%82%A5%E3%83%83%E3%83%A9%E3%83%BC%E3%83%BB%E3%82%A4%E3%83%96%E3%83%B3%E3%83%BB%E3%82%A2%E3%83%83%E3%82%BA%E3%83%90%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB" title="アブドゥッラー・イブン・アッズバイル – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アブドゥッラー・イブン・アッズバイル" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CA%BFAbd_All%C4%81h_ibn_az-Zubayr" title="ʿAbd Allāh ibn az-Zubayr – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="ʿAbd Allāh ibn az-Zubayr" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abd_Allah_ibn_az-Zubayr" title="Abd Allah ibn az-Zubayr – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Abd Allah ibn az-Zubayr" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Occitan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdulloh_ibn_az-Zubayr" title="Abdulloh ibn az-Zubayr – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Abdulloh ibn az-Zubayr" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%DB%81_%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%86_%D8%B2%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B1" title="عبد اللہ ابن زبیر – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="عبد اللہ ابن زبیر" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">پنجابی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87_%D8%A8%D9%86_%D8%B2%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B1" title="عبدالله بن زبير – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="عبدالله بن زبير" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target">پښتو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abd_Allah_Ibn_az-Zubajr" title="Abd Allah Ibn az-Zubajr – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Abd Allah Ibn az-Zubajr" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abedal%C3%A1_ibne_Zobair" title="Abedalá ibne Zobair – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Abedalá ibne Zobair" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_ibn_az-Zubayr" title="Abdullah ibn az-Zubayr – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Abdullah ibn az-Zubayr" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Qaraqalpaqsha</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%85_%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BD_%D0%B0%D0%B7-%D0%97%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%80" title="Абдуллах ибн аз-Зубайр – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Абдуллах ибн аз-Зубайр" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%B6%D8%B1%D8%AA_%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%DB%81_%D8%A8%D9%86_%D8%B2%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B1_%D8%B1%D8%B6%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%DB%81_%D8%B9%D9%86%DB%81" title="حضرت عبداللہ بن زبیر رضی اللہ عنہ – Saraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="حضرت عبداللہ بن زبیر رضی اللہ عنہ" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="Saraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target">سرائیکی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_ibn_ez-Zybejr" title="Abdullah ibn ez-Zybejr – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Abdullah ibn ez-Zybejr" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87_%D8%A8%D9%86_%D8%B2%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B1" title="عبدالله بن زبير – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="عبدالله بن زبير" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target">سنڌي</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdulah_ibn_al-Zubejr" title="Abdulah ibn al-Zubejr – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Abdulah ibn al-Zubejr" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cabdulaahi_bin_zubeyr" title="Cabdulaahi bin zubeyr – Somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Cabdulaahi bin zubeyr" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somali" class="interlanguage-link-target">Soomaaliga</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%DB%95%D8%A8%D8%AF%D9%88%DA%B5%DA%B5%D8%A7_%DA%A9%D9%88%DA%95%DB%8C_%D8%B2%D9%88%D8%A8%DB%8E%D8%B1" title="عەبدوڵڵا کوڕی زوبێر – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="عەبدوڵڵا کوڕی زوبێر" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">کوردی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%85_%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BD_%D0%B5%D0%BB_%D0%97%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%98%D1%80" title="Абдулах ибн ел Зубајр – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Абдулах ибн ел Зубајр" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdulah_ibn_Zubajr" title="Abdulah ibn Zubajr – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Abdulah ibn Zubajr" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdallah_ibn_al-Zubayr" title="Abdallah ibn al-Zubayr – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Abdallah ibn al-Zubayr" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abd_Allah_ibn_al-Zubayr" title="Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%BE%D2%B3_%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%97%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%80" title="Абдуллоҳ ибни Зубайр – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Абдуллоҳ ибни Зубайр" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target">Тоҷикӣ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_bin_Z%C3%BCbeyr" title="Abdullah bin Zübeyr – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Abdullah bin Zübeyr" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%85_%D1%96%D0%B1%D0%BD_%D0%B0%D0%B7-%D0%97%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%80" title="Абдаллах ібн аз-Зубейр – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Абдаллах ібн аз-Зубейр" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%DB%81_%D8%A8%D9%86_%D8%B2%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B1" title="عبد اللہ بن زبیر – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="عبد اللہ بن زبیر" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%AF%DB%87%D9%84%D9%84%D8%A7%DA%BE_%D8%A6%D9%89%D8%A8%D9%86%D9%89_%D8%B2%DB%87%D8%A8%DB%95%D9%8A%D8%B1" title="ئابدۇللاھ ئىبنى زۇبەير – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="ئابدۇللاھ ئىبنى زۇبەير" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target">ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%8D%9C%E6%9D%9C%E6%8B%89%C2%B7%E4%BC%8A%E6%9C%AC%C2%B7%E7%A5%96%E6%8B%9C%E5%B0%94" title="阿卜杜拉·伊本·祖拜尔 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="阿卜杜拉·伊本·祖拜尔" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q307665#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Abd_Allah_ibn_al-Zubayr" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c">Article</a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Abd_Allah_ibn_al-Zubayr" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t">Talk</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" >English </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Abd_Allah_ibn_al-Zubayr">Read</a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abd_Allah_ibn_al-Zubayr&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e">Edit</a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abd_Allah_ibn_al-Zubayr&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h">View history</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" >Tools </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Abd_Allah_ibn_al-Zubayr">Read</a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abd_Allah_ibn_al-Zubayr&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e">Edit</a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abd_Allah_ibn_al-Zubayr&action=history">View history</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Abd_Allah_ibn_al-Zubayr" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j">What links here</a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Abd_Allah_ibn_al-Zubayr" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k">Related changes</a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u">Upload file</a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q">Special pages</a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abd_Allah_ibn_al-Zubayr&oldid=1252675380" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page">Permanent link</a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abd_Allah_ibn_al-Zubayr&action=info" title="More information about this page">Page information</a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Abd_Allah_ibn_al-Zubayr&id=1252675380&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page">Cite this page</a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FAbd_Allah_ibn_al-Zubayr">Get shortened URL</a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FAbd_Allah_ibn_al-Zubayr">Download QR code</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Abd_Allah_ibn_al-Zubayr&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file">Download as PDF</a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abd_Allah_ibn_al-Zubayr&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p">Printable version</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Abd_Allah_ibn_al-Zubayr" hreflang="en">Wikimedia Commons</a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikiquote mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Abd_Allah_ibn_al-Zubayr" hreflang="en">Wikiquote</a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q307665" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g">Wikidata item</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-good-star" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Good_articles*" title="This is a good article. Click here for more information."><img alt="This is a good article. Click here for more information." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/19px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/29px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/39px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Arab leader of Mecca-based caliphate from 683 to 692</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Al-Zubayr" and "Ibn al-Zubayr" redirect here. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Al-Zubayr_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Al-Zubayr (disambiguation)">Al-Zubayr (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn" style="background-color: #cbe; color:inherit; font-size: 125%">Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr عَبْدُ اللَّهِ ٱبْن الزُّبَيْرِ</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image photo"><a href="/wiki/File:Silver_dirham_of_Abd_Allah_ibn_al-Zubayr_690-91.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Silver_dirham_of_Abd_Allah_ibn_al-Zubayr_690-91.jpg/225px-Silver_dirham_of_Abd_Allah_ibn_al-Zubayr_690-91.jpg" decoding="async" width="225" height="228" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Silver_dirham_of_Abd_Allah_ibn_al-Zubayr_690-91.jpg/338px-Silver_dirham_of_Abd_Allah_ibn_al-Zubayr_690-91.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Silver_dirham_of_Abd_Allah_ibn_al-Zubayr_690-91.jpg/450px-Silver_dirham_of_Abd_Allah_ibn_al-Zubayr_690-91.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2710" data-file-height="2746" /></a><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-bottom:0.2em;padding-top:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Arab%E2%80%93Sasanian_coinage" title="Arab–Sasanian coinage">Sasanian-style</a> silver <a href="/wiki/Dirham" title="Dirham">dirham</a> minted in the name of Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr in <a href="/wiki/Fars_Province" class="mw-redirect" title="Fars Province">Fars</a> in 690/91</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;color:inherit;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_caliphs#Abd_Allah_ibn_al-Zubayr's_Caliphate_(684–692)" title="List of caliphs">Caliph</a> (disputed)<a href="#cite_note-1">[a]</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Reign</th><td class="infobox-data">683–692</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Predecessor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Yazid_I" title="Yazid I">Yazid I</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Successor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Abd_al-Malik_ibn_Marwan" title="Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan">Abd al-Malik</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;color:inherit;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><div style="height: 4px; width:100%;"></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data">May 624 CE <a href="/wiki/Medina" title="Medina">Medina</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hejaz" title="Hejaz">Hejaz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arabia" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabia">Arabia</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">October/November 692 CE (aged 68) <a href="/wiki/Mecca" title="Mecca">Mecca</a>, Hejaz</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Burial</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="label"><a href="/wiki/Jannat_al-Mu%27alla" title="Jannat al-Mu'alla">Jannat al-Mu'alla</a>, Mecca</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>Tumadir bint Manzur ibn Zabban ibn Sayyar al-Fazariyya</li> <li>Zajla bint Manzur al-Fazariyya</li> <li>Umm al-Hasan Nafisa bint al-Hasan ibn Ali</li> <li>A'isha bint Uthman ibn Affan</li> <li>Hantama bint Abd al-Rahman ibn al-Harith ibn Hisham</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Issue_(genealogy)" title="Issue (genealogy)">Issue</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>Khubayb</li> <li>Al-Zubayr</li> <li>Hamza</li> <li>Thabit</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abbad_ibn_Abd_Allah_ibn_al-Zubayr" title="Abbad ibn Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr">Abbad</a></li> <li>Amir</li> <li>Salih</li> <li>Bakr</li> <li>Ruqayya</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox" style="border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:left">Names</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data nickname" style="text-align:left; padding-left:0.7em;">Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr ibn al-Awwam</td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Dynasty" title="Dynasty">Tribe</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Quraysh" title="Quraysh">Quraysh</a> (<a href="/wiki/Asad_ibn_Abd-al-Uzza" class="mw-redirect" title="Asad ibn Abd-al-Uzza">Banu Asad</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Father</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Al-Zubayr_ibn_al-Awwam" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Zubayr ibn al-Awwam">Al-Zubayr ibn al-Awwam</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Mother</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Asma_bint_Abi_Bakr" title="Asma bint Abi Bakr">Asma bint Abi Bakr</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Religion</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a></td></tr></tbody></table> Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr ibn al-Awwam (<a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>: عَبْدُ اللَّهِ ٱبْن الزُّبَيْرِ ٱبْن الْعَوَّامِ, <a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Arabic" title="Romanization of Arabic">romanized</a>: ʿAbd Allāh ibn al-Zubayr ibn al-ʿAwwām; May 624 – October/November 692) was the leader of a <a href="/wiki/Caliphate" title="Caliphate">caliphate</a> based in <a href="/wiki/Mecca" title="Mecca">Mecca</a> that rivaled the <a href="/wiki/Umayyad_Caliphate" title="Umayyad Caliphate">Umayyads</a> from 683 until his death. The son of <a href="/wiki/Al-Zubayr_ibn_al-Awwam" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Zubayr ibn al-Awwam">al-Zubayr ibn al-Awwam</a> and <a href="/wiki/Asma_bint_Abi_Bakr" title="Asma bint Abi Bakr">Asma bint Abi Bakr</a>, and grandson of the first caliph <a href="/wiki/Abu_Bakr" title="Abu Bakr">Abu Bakr</a>, Ibn al-Zubayr belonged to the <a href="/wiki/Quraysh" title="Quraysh">Quraysh</a>, the leading tribe of the nascent Muslim community, and was the first child born to the <a href="/wiki/Muhajirun" title="Muhajirun">Muhajirun</a>, <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a>'s earliest converts. As a youth, he participated in the <a href="/wiki/Early_Muslim_conquests" title="Early Muslim conquests">early Muslim conquests</a> alongside his father in <a href="/wiki/Muslim_conquest_of_the_Levant" title="Muslim conquest of the Levant">Syria</a> and <a href="/wiki/Muslim_conquest_of_Egypt" class="mw-redirect" title="Muslim conquest of Egypt">Egypt</a>, and later played a role in the Muslim conquests of <a href="/wiki/Ifriqiyah" class="mw-redirect" title="Ifriqiyah">North Africa</a> and northern Iran in 647 and 650, respectively. During the <a href="/wiki/First_Fitna" title="First Fitna">First Fitna</a>, he fought on the side of his aunt <a href="/wiki/A%27isha" class="mw-redirect" title="A'isha">A'isha</a> against Caliph <a href="/wiki/Ali" title="Ali">Ali</a> (<abbr title="reigned">r.</abbr> 656–661). Though little is heard of Ibn al-Zubayr during the subsequent reign of the first Umayyad caliph <a href="/wiki/Mu%27awiya_I" title="Mu'awiya I">Mu'awiya I</a> (<abbr title="reigned">r.</abbr> 661–680), it was known that he opposed the latter's designation of his son, <a href="/wiki/Yazid_I" title="Yazid I">Yazid I</a>, as his successor. Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr, along with many of the Quraysh and the <a href="/wiki/Ansar_(Islam)" title="Ansar (Islam)">Ansar</a>, the leading Muslim groups of the <a href="/wiki/Hejaz" title="Hejaz">Hejaz</a> (western Arabia), opposed the caliphate becoming an inheritable institution of the <a href="/wiki/Umayyad_dynasty" title="Umayyad dynasty">Umayyads</a>. Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr established himself in Mecca where he rallied opposition to Yazid (<abbr title="reigned">r.</abbr> 680–683), before proclaiming himself caliph in the wake of Yazid's death in 683, marking the beginning of the <a href="/wiki/Second_Fitna" title="Second Fitna">Second Fitna</a>. Meanwhile, Yazid's son and successor <a href="/wiki/Mu%27awiya_II" title="Mu'awiya II">Mu'awiya II</a> died weeks into his reign, precipitating the collapse of Umayyad authority across the Caliphate, most of whose provinces subsequently accepted the suzerainty of Ibn al-Zubayr. Though widely recognized as caliph, his authority was largely nominal outside of the Hejaz. By 685, the Umayyad Caliphate had been reconstituted under <a href="/wiki/Marwan_I" title="Marwan I">Marwan I</a> in Syria and Egypt, while Abd Allah's authority was being challenged in Iraq and Arabia by pro-<a href="/wiki/Alids" title="Alids">Alid</a> and <a href="/wiki/Khawarij" class="mw-redirect" title="Khawarij">Kharijite</a> forces. Ibn al-Zubayr's brother <a href="/wiki/Mus%27ab_ibn_al-Zubayr" title="Mus'ab ibn al-Zubayr">Mus'ab</a> reasserted Abd Allah Ibn al-Zubayr's suzerainty in Iraq by 687, but was defeated and killed by Marwan's successor <a href="/wiki/Abd_al-Malik_ibn_Marwan" title="Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan">Abd al-Malik</a> in 691. The Umayyad commander <a href="/wiki/Al-Hajjaj_ibn_Yusuf" title="Al-Hajjaj ibn Yusuf">al-Hajjaj ibn Yusuf</a> proceeded to <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Mecca_(692)" title="Siege of Mecca (692)">besiege Ibn al-Zubayr</a> in his Meccan stronghold, where he was ultimately slain in 692. Through the prestige of his family ties and social links with the Islamic prophet <a href="/wiki/Muhammad" title="Muhammad">Muhammad</a> and his strong association with the holy city of Mecca, Abd Allah Ibn al-Zubayr was able to lead the influential, disaffected Muslim factions opposed to Umayyad rule. He sought to re-establish the Hejaz as the political center of the Caliphate. However, his refusal to leave Mecca precluded him from exercising power in the more populous provinces where he depended on his brother Mus'ab and other loyalists, who ruled with virtual independence. He thus played a minor active role in the struggle carried out in his name. <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_career">Early life and career</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Abd_Allah_ibn_al-Zubayr&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life and career">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Family">Family</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Abd_Allah_ibn_al-Zubayr&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Family">edit</a>]</div> Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr was born in <a href="/wiki/Medina" title="Medina">Medina</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Hejaz" title="Hejaz">Hejaz</a> (western Arabia) in May 624.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGibb196054-2">[1]</a> He was the eldest son of <a href="/wiki/Al-Zubayr_ibn_al-Awwam" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Zubayr ibn al-Awwam">al-Zubayr ibn al-Awwam</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Companion_of_Muhammad" class="mw-redirect" title="Companion of Muhammad">companion of Muhammad</a> and a leading Muslim figure.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGibb196054-2">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHasson2002549-3">[2]</a> He belonged to the <a href="/wiki/Asad_ibn_Abd-al-Uzza" class="mw-redirect" title="Asad ibn Abd-al-Uzza">Banu Asad</a> clan of the <a href="/wiki/Quraysh" title="Quraysh">Quraysh</a>,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGibb196054-2">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHasson2002549-3">[2]</a> the dominant tribe of <a href="/wiki/Mecca" title="Mecca">Mecca</a>, a trade center in the Hejaz and location of the <a href="/wiki/Kaaba" title="Kaaba">Kaaba</a>, the holiest sanctuary in Islam. Ibn al-Zubayr's paternal grandmother was <a href="/wiki/Safiyya_bint_Abd_al-Muttalib" title="Safiyya bint Abd al-Muttalib">Safiyya bint Abd al-Muttalib</a>, the paternal aunt of Muhammad,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHasson2002549-3">[2]</a> and his mother was <a href="/wiki/Asma_bint_Abi_Bakr" title="Asma bint Abi Bakr">Asma bint Abi Bakr</a>, a daughter of the first <a href="/wiki/Caliph" class="mw-redirect" title="Caliph">caliph</a>, <a href="/wiki/Abu_Bakr" title="Abu Bakr">Abu Bakr</a> (<abbr title="reigned">r.</abbr> 632–634), and sister of <a href="/wiki/Aisha" title="Aisha">A'isha</a>, a wife of Muhammad.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGibb196054-2">[1]</a> According to the ninth-century historians <a href="/wiki/Ibn_Habib" title="Ibn Habib">Ibn Habib</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ibn_Qutayba" class="mw-redirect" title="Ibn Qutayba">Ibn Qutayba</a>, Ibn al-Zubayr was the first child born to the <a href="/wiki/Muhajirun" title="Muhajirun">Muhajirun</a>, the earliest converts to Islam who had been exiled from Mecca to Medina.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGibb196054-2">[1]</a> These early social, kinship and religious links to Muhammad, his family and the first Muslims all boosted Ibn al-Zubayr's reputation in adulthood.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGibb196054-2">[1]</a> Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr had a number of wives and children. His first wife was Tumadir bint Manzur ibn Zabban ibn Sayyar ibn Amr of the <a href="/wiki/Banu_Fazara" title="Banu Fazara">Banu Fazara</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEElad2016335-4">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAhmed201085-5">[4]</a> She gave birth to his eldest son Khubayb, hence Abd Allah's <a href="/wiki/Kunya_(Arabic)" title="Kunya (Arabic)">kunya</a> (epithet) "Abu Khubayb", and other sons Hamza, <a href="/wiki/Abbad_ibn_Abd_Allah_ibn_al-Zubayr" title="Abbad ibn Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr">Abbad</a>, al-Zubayr and Thabit.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEElad2016335-4">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAhmed201085-5">[4]</a> She or another of Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr's wives, Umm al-Hasan Nafisa, a daughter of <a href="/wiki/Hasan_ibn_Ali" title="Hasan ibn Ali">Hasan</a>, son of the fourth caliph <a href="/wiki/Ali" title="Ali">Ali</a> (<abbr title="reigned">r.</abbr> 656–661) and grandson of Muhammad, bore his daughter Ruqayya.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEElad2016335-4">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAhmed2010147-6">[5]</a> Tumadir's sister Zajla was at one point married to Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAhmed201085,_note_404-7">[6]</a> He was also married to A'isha, a daughter of the third caliph <a href="/wiki/Uthman" title="Uthman">Uthman</a> (<abbr title="reigned">r.</abbr> 644–656).<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEElad2016335-4">[3]</a> A'isha or Nafisa mothered Abd Allah Ibn al-Zubayr's son Bakr,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEElad2016335-4">[3]</a> of whom little is reported in the traditional sources.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAhmed2010115-8">[7]</a> Abd Allah Ibn al-Zubayr divorced A'isha following the birth of their son.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAhmed2010115-8">[7]</a> From another wife, Hantama bint Abd al-Rahman ibn al-Harith ibn Hisham, Abd Allah Ibn al-Zubayr had his son Amir.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFishbein1997159,_note_676-9">[8]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Military_career">Military career</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Abd_Allah_ibn_al-Zubayr&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Military career">edit</a>]</div> As a child, during the reign of Caliph <a href="/wiki/Umar" title="Umar">Umar</a> (<abbr title="reigned">r.</abbr> 634–644) in 636, Abd Allah Ibn al-Zubayr may have been present with his father at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Yarmuk" title="Battle of the Yarmuk">Battle of the Yarmuk</a> against the <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire" title="Byzantine Empire">Byzantines</a> in <a href="/wiki/Bilad_al-Sham" title="Bilad al-Sham">Syria</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGibb196054-2">[1]</a> He was also present with his father in <a href="/wiki/Amr_ibn_al-As" title="Amr ibn al-As">Amr ibn al-As</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Muslim_conquest_of_Egypt" class="mw-redirect" title="Muslim conquest of Egypt">campaign against Byzantine Egypt</a> in 640.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGibb196054-2">[1]</a> In 647, Abd Allah Ibn al-Zubayr distinguished himself in the Muslim conquest of <a href="/wiki/Ifriqiya" title="Ifriqiya">Ifriqiya</a> (North Africa) under the commander <a href="/wiki/Abd_Allah_ibn_Sa%27d" title="Abd Allah ibn Sa'd">Abd Allah ibn Sa'd</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGibb196054-2">[1]</a> During that campaign, Abd Allah Ibn al-Zubayr discovered a vulnerable point in the battle lines of the Byzantine defenders and slew their <a href="/wiki/Patrician_(post-Roman_Europe)" title="Patrician (post-Roman Europe)">patrician</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gregory_the_Patrician" title="Gregory the Patrician">Gregory</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGibb196054-2">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMadelung1997105-10">[9]</a> He was lauded by Caliph Uthman and issued a victory speech, well known for its eloquence, upon his return to Medina.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGibb196055-11">[10]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMadelung1997105-10">[9]</a> Later, he joined <a href="/wiki/Sa%27id_ibn_al-As" title="Sa'id ibn al-As">Sa'id ibn al-As</a> in the latter's offensive in northern Iran in 650.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGibb196055-11">[10]</a> Uthman appointed Abd Allah Ibn al-Zubayr to the commission charged with the recension of the <a href="/wiki/Qur%27an" class="mw-redirect" title="Qur'an">Qur'an</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGibb196055-11">[10]</a> During the rebel siege of Uthman's house in June 656, the caliph put Abd Allah Ibn al-Zubayr in charge of his defense and he was reportedly wounded in the fighting.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMadelung1997106,_133-12">[11]</a> In the aftermath of <a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Uthman" title="Assassination of Uthman">Uthman's assassination</a>, Abd Allah fought alongside his father and his aunt A'isha against the partisans of Uthman's successor, Caliph Ali, at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Camel" title="Battle of the Camel">Battle of the Camel</a> in <a href="/wiki/Basra" title="Basra">Basra</a> in December.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGibb196055-11">[10]</a> Zubayr ibn al-Awwam was killed, while Abd Allah Ibn al-Zubayr was wounded sparring with one of Ali's commanders, <a href="/wiki/Malik_ibn_al-Harith" class="mw-redirect" title="Malik ibn al-Harith">Malik ibn al-Harith</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMadelung1997172-13">[12]</a> Ali was victorious and Abd Allah Ibn al-Zubayr returned with A'isha to Medina, later taking part in the arbitration to end the <a href="/wiki/First_Fitna" title="First Fitna">First Fitna</a> (Muslim civil war) in <a href="/wiki/Udhruh" title="Udhruh">Adhruh</a> or <a href="/wiki/Dumat_al-Jandal" title="Dumat al-Jandal">Dumat al-Jandal</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGibb196055-11">[10]</a> During the talks, he counseled <a href="/wiki/Abd_Allah_ibn_Umar_ibn_al-Khattab" title="Abd Allah ibn Umar ibn al-Khattab">Abd Allah ibn Umar</a> to pay for the support of Amr ibn al-As.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGibb196055-11">[10]</a>Abd Allah Ibn al-Zubayr inherited a significant fortune from his father.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGibb196055-11">[10]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Revolt">Revolt</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Abd_Allah_ibn_al-Zubayr&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Revolt">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Opposition_to_the_Umayyads">Opposition to the Umayyads</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Abd_Allah_ibn_al-Zubayr&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Opposition to the Umayyads">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kaba.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Kaba.jpg/300px-Kaba.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Kaba.jpg/450px-Kaba.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/24/Kaba.jpg 2x" data-file-width="576" data-file-height="432" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Kaaba" title="Kaaba">Kaaba</a> in 1882. Throughout his revolt, Ibn al-Zubayr used the sanctuary as his base of operations and it was twice besieged, in 683 and 692. He rebuilt it following severe damage during the first siege, but his changes were later reversed.</figcaption></figure> Abd Allah Ibn al-Zubayr did not oppose <a href="/wiki/Mu%27awiya_I" title="Mu'awiya I">Mu'awiya I</a>'s accession to the caliphate in 661 and remained largely inactive during the course of his reign.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGibb196055-11">[10]</a> However, he refused to recognize Mu'awiya's nomination of his son <a href="/wiki/Yazid_I" title="Yazid I">Yazid I</a> as his successor in 676.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGibb196055-11">[10]</a> When Yazid acceded following his father's death in 680, Abd Allah Ibn al-Zubayr again rejected his legitimacy, despite Yazid having the backing of the Arab tribesmen of Syria who formed the core of the Umayyad military.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHawting198646-14">[13]</a> In response, Yazid charged <a href="/wiki/Al-Walid_ibn_Utba_ibn_Abi_Sufyan" title="Al-Walid ibn Utba ibn Abi Sufyan">al-Walid ibn Utba ibn Abi Sufyan</a>, the governor of Medina, with gaining Abd Allah Ibn al-Zubayr's submission,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWellhausen1927145–146-15">[14]</a> but he evaded the authorities and escaped to Mecca.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGibb196055-11">[10]</a> He was joined there by Ali's son <a href="/wiki/Husayn_ibn_Ali" title="Husayn ibn Ali">Husayn</a>, who too had refused submission to Yazid. Husayn and his supporters made a stand against the Umayyads in <a href="/wiki/Karbala" title="Karbala">Karbala</a> in 680, but were <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Karbala" title="Battle of Karbala">killed</a> and Husayn was slain.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGibb196055-11">[10]</a> Following Husayn's death, Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr began clandestinely recruiting supporters.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGibb196055-11">[10]</a> By September 683, he had taken control of Mecca.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnthony201612-16">[15]</a> He referred to himself as al-ʿaʾidh biʾl bayt (the fugitive at the sanctuary, viz., the Kaaba), adopted the slogan la hukma illa li-llah (judgement belongs to God alone), but made no claim to the caliphate.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHawting198647-17">[16]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAhmed201065–66-18">[17]</a> Yazid ordered the governor of Medina, <a href="/wiki/Al-Ashdaq" title="Al-Ashdaq">Amr ibn Sa'id ibn al-As</a>, to arrest Abd Allah Ibn al-Zubayr.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAhmed201095,_note_469-19">[18]</a> The governor, in turn, instructed Abd Allah's estranged brother, the head of Medina's <a href="/wiki/Shurta" title="Shurta">shurta</a> (security forces), Amr, to lead the expedition.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAhmed201095,_note_469-19">[18]</a> However, the Umayyad force was ambushed and Amr was captured and subsequently killed while in captivity.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWellhausen1927151-20">[19]</a> Abd Allah Ibn al-Zubayr declared the illegitimacy of Yazid's caliphate and allied himself with the <a href="/wiki/Ansar_(Islam)" title="Ansar (Islam)">Ansar</a> of Medina, led by <a href="/wiki/Abd_Allah_ibn_Hanzala" title="Abd Allah ibn Hanzala">Abd Allah ibn Hanzala</a>, who had withdrawn support for Yazid due to his supposed improprieties.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGibb196055-11">[10]</a> Abd Allah Ibn al-Zubayr also gained the support of the <a href="/wiki/Khawarij" class="mw-redirect" title="Khawarij">Kharijite</a> movement in Basra and <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Arabia" title="Eastern Arabia">Bahrayn</a> (eastern Arabia);<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHawting198647-17">[16]</a> the Kharijites were early opponents of the Umayyads who had defected from Caliph Ali because of his participation in the 657 arbitration. In response to growing opposition throughout Arabia, Yazid dispatched a Syrian Arab expeditionary force led by <a href="/wiki/Muslim_ibn_Uqba" title="Muslim ibn Uqba">Muslim ibn Uqba</a> to suppress Abd Allah Ibn al-Zubayr and the Ansar.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHawting198647-17">[16]</a> The Ansar were routed at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_al-Harra" title="Battle of al-Harra">Battle of al-Harra</a> in the summer of 683, and Ibn Hanzala was slain.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAhmed201065–66-18">[17]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHawting198648-21">[20]</a> The army continued toward Mecca, but Ibn Uqba died en route and command passed to his deputy <a href="/wiki/Husayn_ibn_Numayr_al-Sakuni" title="Husayn ibn Numayr al-Sakuni">Husayn ibn Numayr al-Sakuni</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHawting198648-21">[20]</a> The latter <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Mecca_(683)" title="Siege of Mecca (683)">besieged the city</a> on 24 September after Abd Allah Ibn al-Zubayr refused to surrender.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHawting198648-21">[20]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGibb196055-11">[10]</a> The Kaaba was severely damaged during al-Sakuni's bombardment.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGibb196055-11">[10]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHawting198648-21">[20]</a> During the siege, two potential Qurashi candidates for the caliphate, Mus'ab ibn Abd al-Rahman and <a href="/wiki/Al-Miswar_ibn_Makhrama" title="Al-Miswar ibn Makhrama">al-Miswar ibn Makhrama</a>, were killed or died of natural causes.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAhmed201065–66-18">[17]</a> In November, news of Yazid's death prompted al-Sakuni to negotiate with Abd Allah Ibn al-Zubayr.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHawting198648-21">[20]</a> Al-Sakuni proposed to recognize him as caliph on the condition that he would rule from Syria, the center of the Umayyad military and administration.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGibb196055-11">[10]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHawting198648-21">[20]</a> Abd Allah Ibn al-Zubayr rejected this and the army withdrew to Syria, leaving him in control of Mecca.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGibb196055-11">[10]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Claim_to_the_caliphate">Claim to the caliphate</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Abd_Allah_ibn_al-Zubayr&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Claim to the caliphate">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Approximate_map_of_areas_under_Ibn_al-Zubayr%27s_control_after_the_death_of_Muawiya_II.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Approximate_map_of_areas_under_Ibn_al-Zubayr%27s_control_after_the_death_of_Muawiya_II.png/390px-Approximate_map_of_areas_under_Ibn_al-Zubayr%27s_control_after_the_death_of_Muawiya_II.png" decoding="async" width="390" height="248" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Approximate_map_of_areas_under_Ibn_al-Zubayr%27s_control_after_the_death_of_Muawiya_II.png/585px-Approximate_map_of_areas_under_Ibn_al-Zubayr%27s_control_after_the_death_of_Muawiya_II.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Approximate_map_of_areas_under_Ibn_al-Zubayr%27s_control_after_the_death_of_Muawiya_II.png/780px-Approximate_map_of_areas_under_Ibn_al-Zubayr%27s_control_after_the_death_of_Muawiya_II.png 2x" data-file-width="6985" data-file-height="4449" /></a><figcaption>Map of the Caliphate <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 684, during the <a href="/wiki/Second_Muslim_Civil_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Second Muslim Civil War">Second Muslim Civil War</a>. Abd Allah Ibn al-Zubayr's sovereignty as caliph was recognized in the <a href="/wiki/Hejaz" title="Hejaz">Hejaz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yemen" title="Yemen">Yemen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Egypt_in_the_Middle_Ages" title="Egypt in the Middle Ages">Egypt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a> and the districts of <a href="/wiki/Fars_Province" class="mw-redirect" title="Fars Province">Fars</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kerman_Province" class="mw-redirect" title="Kerman Province">Kerman</a> (areas shaded in green)</figcaption></figure> Yazid's death and the subsequent withdrawal of the Umayyad army from the Hejaz afforded Abd Allah Ibn al-Zubayr the opportunity to realize his aspirations for the caliphate.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGibb196055-11">[10]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHawting198647-17">[16]</a> He immediately declared himself <a href="/wiki/Amir_al-mu%27minin" class="mw-redirect" title="Amir al-mu'minin">amir al-mu'minin</a> (commander of the faithful), a title traditionally reserved for the caliph, and called for all Muslims to give him their oaths of allegiance.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGibb196055-11">[10]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAhmed201065–66-18">[17]</a> With the other potential Hejazi candidates dead, Abd Allah Ibn al-Zubayr remained the last contender for the caliphate among the anti-Umayyad factions in Mecca and Medina and most of these groups recognized him as their leader.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAhmed201065–66-18">[17]</a> An exception were the <a href="/wiki/Banu_Hashim" title="Banu Hashim">Banu Hashim</a> clan to which Muhammad and the <a href="/wiki/Alid" class="mw-redirect" title="Alid">Alids</a> belonged and whose support Abd Allah Ibn al-Zubayr deemed important for his own legitimacy as caliph.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnthony201612–13,_21-22">[21]</a> The leading representatives of the clan in the Hejaz, <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_ibn_al-Hanafiyya" title="Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyya">Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyya</a>, the half-brother of Husayn ibn Ali, and their cousin <a href="/wiki/Abd_Allah_ibn_Abbas" class="mw-redirect" title="Abd Allah ibn Abbas">Abd Allah ibn Abbas</a>, withheld their oaths citing the need for a stronger consensus in the wider Muslim community.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnthony201612–13,_21-22">[21]</a> Irritated, Abd Allah Ibn al-Zubayr besieged the clan's neighborhood in Mecca and imprisoned Ibn al-Hanafiyya to pressure the Banu Hashim.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnthony201612–13,_21-22">[21]</a> Meanwhile, the Kharijites under <a href="/wiki/Najda_ibn_Amir_al-Hanafi" title="Najda ibn Amir al-Hanafi">Najda ibn Amir al-Hanafi</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Al-Yamama" title="Al-Yamama">Yamama</a> (central Arabia) abandoned Abd Allah Ibn al-Zubayr once he forwarded his claim to the caliphate, an institution they rejected, and Abd Allah Ibn al-Zubayr refused to embrace their doctrine.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGibb196055-11">[10]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAhmed201065–66-18">[17]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHawting198649-23">[22]</a> In the Umayyad capital <a href="/wiki/Damascus" title="Damascus">Damascus</a>, Yazid was succeeded by his young son <a href="/wiki/Mu%27awiya_II" title="Mu'awiya II">Mu'awiya II</a>, but Mu'awiya II wielded virtually no authority and died from illness only months after his accession.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHawting198647-17">[16]</a> This left a leadership void in Syria as there were no suitable successors among Mu'awiya I's Sufyanid house.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHawting198647-17">[16]</a> In the ensuing chaos, Umayyad authority collapsed across the caliphate and Abd Allah Ibn al-Zubayr gained wide recognition.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHawting198648-21">[20]</a> Most of the Islamic provinces offered their allegiance, including <a href="/wiki/Egypt_in_the_Middle_Ages#Umayyad_period" title="Egypt in the Middle Ages">Egypt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kufa" title="Kufa">Kufa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Greater_Yemen" title="Greater Yemen">Yemen</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Qays" title="Qays">Qaysi</a> tribes of <a href="/wiki/Jund_Qinnasrin" title="Jund Qinnasrin">northern Syria</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGibb196055-11">[10]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHawting198648-21">[20]</a> Likewise, in <a href="/wiki/Greater_Khorasan" title="Greater Khorasan">Khurasan</a>, the de facto governor <a href="/wiki/Abd_Allah_ibn_Khazim_al-Sulami" title="Abd Allah ibn Khazim al-Sulami">Abd Allah ibn Khazim al-Sulami</a> offered his recognition.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEZakeri1995230-24">[23]</a> Abd Allah Ibn al-Zubayr appointed his brother <a href="/wiki/Mus%27ab_ibn_al-Zubayr" title="Mus'ab ibn al-Zubayr">Mus'ab</a> as governor of Basra and its dependencies.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHawting198648-21">[20]</a> In a testament to the extent of Abd Allah Ibn al-Zubayr's sovereignty, coins were minted in his name as far as the districts of <a href="/wiki/Kerman_Province" class="mw-redirect" title="Kerman Province">Kerman</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fars_Province" class="mw-redirect" title="Fars Province">Fars</a> in modern-day Iran; both were dependencies of Basra at that time.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHawting198648-21">[20]</a> Nonetheless, his authority outside of the Hejaz was largely nominal.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGibb196055-11">[10]</a> Most of the Arab tribes in <a href="/wiki/Jund_Dimashq" title="Jund Dimashq">central</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jund_al-Urdunn" title="Jund al-Urdunn">southern Syria</a> remained loyal to the Umayyads and selected the non-Sufyanid Marwan ibn al-Hakam from Medina to succeed Mu'awiya II.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHawting198648-21">[20]</a> The proclamation of Marwan as caliph in Damascus marked a turning point for Abd Allah Ibn al-Zubayr.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHawting198648-21">[20]</a> Marwan's partisans, led by <a href="/wiki/Ubayd_Allah_ibn_Ziyad" title="Ubayd Allah ibn Ziyad">Ubayd Allah ibn Ziyad</a>, decisively defeated the pro-Zubayrid Qaysi tribes, led by <a href="/wiki/Al-Dahhak_ibn_Qays_al-Fihri" title="Al-Dahhak ibn Qays al-Fihri">al-Dahhak ibn Qays al-Fihri</a>, at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Marj_Rahit_(684)" title="Battle of Marj Rahit (684)">Battle of Marj Rahit</a> in July 684.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGibb196055-11">[10]</a> The surviving Qaysi tribesmen fled to the <a href="/wiki/Al-Jazira_(caliphal_province)" title="Al-Jazira (caliphal province)">Jazira</a> (Upper Mesopotamia) under the leadership of <a href="/wiki/Zufar_ibn_al-Harith_al-Kilabi" title="Zufar ibn al-Harith al-Kilabi">Zufar ibn al-Harith al-Kilabi</a>, who maintained his recognition of Abd Allah Ibn al-Zubayr's suzerainty.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKennedy200481-25">[24]</a> However, in March 685, Abd Allah Ibn al-Zubayr lost the economically important province of Egypt to Marwan.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKennedy200480–81-26">[25]</a> Meanwhile, negotiations collapsed between Abd Allah Ibn al-Zubayr and the Kufan strongman <a href="/wiki/Al-Mukhtar_al-Thaqafi" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Mukhtar al-Thaqafi">al-Mukhtar al-Thaqafi</a>, who afterward took up the cause of the <a href="/wiki/Alids" title="Alids">Alid</a> family.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKennedy200482-27">[26]</a> He declared Ibn al-Hanafiyya caliph and, unprecedented in Islamic history, the <a href="/wiki/Mahdi" title="Mahdi">Mahdi</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKennedy200482-27">[26]</a> Al-Mukhtar's partisans drove out the Zubayrid authorities from Kufa in October 685.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGibb196055-11">[10]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnthony201612–13,_21-22">[21]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKennedy200482-27">[26]</a> Al-Mukhtar later dispatched a Kufan force to the Hejaz and freed Ibn al-Hanafiyya.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnthony201612–13,_21-22">[21]</a> Mus'ab's authority in Basra and Khurasan was also beginning to waver, but was ultimately secured after he gained the backing of the powerful <a href="/wiki/Azd" title="Azd">Azdi</a> chieftain and military leader of Khurasan, <a href="/wiki/Al-Muhallab_ibn_Abi_Sufra" title="Al-Muhallab ibn Abi Sufra">al-Muhallab ibn Abi Sufra</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGibb196055-11">[10]</a> Mus'ab also gained the defections of thousands of Kufan tribesmen and together they defeated and killed al-Mukhtar in April 687.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKennedy200483-28">[27]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnthony201621-29">[28]</a> Abd Allah Ibn al-Zubayr subsequently dismissed Mus'ab from office in 686/87 and appointed his own son Hamza as governor of Basra.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFishbein1990118,_note_424-30">[29]</a> The latter dispatched a force under Abd Allah ibn Umayr al-Laythi to drive out the Najdiyya Kharijites from Bahrayn after they overran the province, but the Zubayrids were repulsed.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFishbein1990119,_note_431-31">[30]</a> Hamza proved incompetent in his administration of Iraq and, following his failure to deliver the provincial revenues to the state treasury in Mecca, he was dismissed and allegedly imprisoned by his father.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFishbein1990118,_note_424-30">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnthony20168-32">[31]</a> Mus'ab was reinstated shortly after, in 687/688.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFishbein1990118,_note_424-30">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnthony20168-32">[31]</a> By that time, the Najdiyya Kharijites conquered Yemen and <a href="/wiki/Hadhramaut" title="Hadhramaut">Hadhramaut</a>, while in 689, they occupied <a href="/wiki/Ta%27if" class="mw-redirect" title="Ta'if">Ta'if</a>, Mecca's southern neighbour.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGibb196055-11">[10]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Suppression_and_death">Suppression and death</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Abd_Allah_ibn_al-Zubayr&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Suppression and death">edit</a>]</div> The defeat of al-Mukhtar, who had opposed the Zubayrids and the Umayyads, left Abd Allah Ibn al-Zubayr and Marwan's son and successor <a href="/wiki/Abd_al-Malik_ibn_Marwan" title="Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan">Abd al-Malik</a> (<abbr title="reigned">r.</abbr> 685–705) as the two main contenders for the caliphate.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKennedy200483-28">[27]</a> However, <a href="/wiki/Kharijite" class="mw-redirect" title="Kharijite">Kharijite</a> gains in Arabia had isolated Abd Allah Ibn al-Zubayr in the Hejaz, cutting him off from loyalists in other parts of the caliphate.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGibb196055-11">[10]</a> In 691, Abd al-Malik secured the support of Zufar and the <a href="/wiki/Qays" title="Qays">Qays</a> of Jazira, removing the principal obstacle between his Syrian army and Zubayrid Iraq.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKennedy200484-33">[32]</a> Later that year, his forces conquered Iraq and killed Mus'ab in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Maskin" title="Battle of Maskin">Battle of Maskin</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGibb196055-11">[10]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKennedy200484-33">[32]</a> Al-Muhallab, who was leading the fight against the Kharijites in Fars and <a href="/wiki/Ahwaz" class="mw-redirect" title="Ahwaz">Ahwaz</a>, subsequently switched his allegiance to Abd al-Malik.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKennedy200484-33">[32]</a> After asserting Umayyad authority in Iraq, Abd al-Malik dispatched one of his commanders, <a href="/wiki/Al-Hajjaj_ibn_Yusuf" title="Al-Hajjaj ibn Yusuf">al-Hajjaj ibn Yusuf</a>, to subdue Abd Allah Ibn al-Zubayr.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGibb196055-11">[10]</a> Al-Hajjaj <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Mecca_(692)" title="Siege of Mecca (692)">besieged and bombarded Mecca</a> for six months, by which point, most of Abd Allah Ibn al-Zubayr's partisans and his sons Khubayb and Hamza surrendered upon offers of pardons.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGibb196055-11">[10]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFishbein1990226-34">[33]</a> Abd Allah Ibn al-Zubayr remained defiant and, acting on his mother's counsel, entered the battlefield where he was ultimately slain on 3 October or 4 November 692.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGibb196054-2">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGibb196055-11">[10]</a> In an anecdote recorded by 9th-century historian <a href="/wiki/Al-Tabari" title="Al-Tabari">al-Tabari</a>, when al-Hajjaj and his lieutenant commander, <a href="/wiki/Tariq_ibn_Amr" title="Tariq ibn Amr">Tariq ibn Amr</a>, stood over Abd Allah Ibn al-Zubayr's body, Tariq said of the latter: "Women have borne none manlier than he ... He had no defensive trench, no fortress, no stronghold; yet he held his own against us an equal, and even got the better of us whenever we met with him".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPeters1994100–101-35">[34]</a> Al-Hajjaj posted Abd Allah Ibn al-Zubayr's body on a <a href="/wiki/Gibbeting" title="Gibbeting">gibbet</a> where it remained until Abd al-Malik allowed Abd Allah Ibn al-Zubayr's mother to retrieve it.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGibb196055-11">[10]</a> His body was subsequently buried in the house of his paternal grandmother Safiyya in Medina.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGibb196055-11">[10]</a> The Umayyad victory and Abd Allah Ibn al-Zubayr's death marked the end of the Second Fitna.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHawting198649-23">[22]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Descendants">Descendants</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Abd_Allah_ibn_al-Zubayr&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Descendants">edit</a>]</div> Following his victory, Abd al-Malik confiscated the estates of Ibn al-Zubayr in Medina and elsewhere in the Hejaz.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEElad2016331-36">[35]</a> The caliph later restored some of the properties to Ibn al-Zubayr's sons after a request by Thabit.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEElad2016331-36">[35]</a> His eldest son, Khubayb, was flogged to death in Medina by its governor <a href="/wiki/Umar_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Umar II">Umar II</a> during the reign of Caliph <a href="/wiki/Al-Walid_I" title="Al-Walid I">al-Walid I</a> (<abbr title="reigned">r.</abbr> 705–715).<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHawting198965,_note_306-37">[36]</a> Thabit, meanwhile, had gained particular favor from al-Walid's successor, Caliph <a href="/wiki/Sulayman_ibn_Abd_al-Malik" title="Sulayman ibn Abd al-Malik">Sulayman ibn Abd al-Malik</a> (<abbr title="reigned">r.</abbr> 715–717), who agreed to return the remainder of the confiscated estates to Ibn al-Zubayr's sons.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEElad2016332-38">[37]</a> Under the <a href="/wiki/Abbasid_Caliphate" title="Abbasid Caliphate">Abbasid</a> caliphs <a href="/wiki/Al-Mahdi" title="Al-Mahdi">al-Mahdi</a> (<abbr title="reigned">r.</abbr> 775–785) and <a href="/wiki/Harun_al-Rashid" title="Harun al-Rashid">Harun al-Rashid</a> (<abbr title="reigned">r.</abbr> 786–809), several descendants of Ibn al-Zubayr attained senior administrative posts, including his great-grandson <a href="/w/index.php?title=Abd_Allah_ibn_Mus%27ab&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abd Allah ibn Mus'ab (page does not exist)">Abd Allah ibn Mus'ab</a> and the latter's son <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bakkar_ibn_Abd_Allah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bakkar ibn Abd Allah (page does not exist)">Bakkar ibn Abd Allah</a>, who successively served as <a href="/wiki/List_of_caliphal_governors_of_Medina" title="List of caliphal governors of Medina">governors of Medina</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEElad2016337–338-39">[38]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Assessment">Assessment</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Abd_Allah_ibn_al-Zubayr&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Assessment">edit</a>]</div> Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr adamantly opposed the caliphate becoming an Umayyad inheritance.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKennedy200477-40">[39]</a> Instead, he advocated that the caliph should be chosen by <a href="/wiki/Shura" title="Shura">shura</a> (consultation) among the Quraysh as a whole.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKennedy200477-40">[39]</a> The Quraysh opposed the monopolization of power by the Banu Umayya and insisted power be distributed among all the Qurayshi clans.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGibb196055-11">[10]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKennedy200483-28">[27]</a> However, other than this conviction, Abd Allah Ibn al-Zubayr did not sponsor any religious doctrine or political program, unlike the contemporary Alid and Kharijite movements.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHawting198649-23">[22]</a> By the time he made his claim to the caliphate, he had emerged as the leader of the disaffected Quraysh.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGibb196055-11">[10]</a> According to historian <a href="/wiki/H._A._R._Gibb" title="H. A. R. Gibb">H. A. R. Gibb</a>, Qurayshi resentment towards the Banu Umayya is evident as an underlying theme in the Islamic traditions about Abd Allah Ibn al-Zubayr's conflict with the Umayyads and Abd Allah Ibn al-Zubayr was the "principal representative" of the second generation of the Hejaz's elite Muslim families who chafed at the "gulf of power" between them and the ruling Umayyad house.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGibb196055-11">[10]</a> Though Gibb describes Abd Allah Ibn al-Zubayr as "brave, but fundamentally self-seeking and self-indulgent", the hostility to the Umayyads in traditional Muslim sources led to a general description of him as a "model of piety".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGibb196055-11">[10]</a> Nonetheless, a number of Muslim sources condemned him as jealous and harsh and particularly criticized the fatal abuse of his brother Amr and his imprisonment of Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyya.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGibb196055-11">[10]</a> Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr rallied opposition to the Umayyads in the Hejaz through his base in Mecca, Islam's holiest city, and his prestige as a first-generation Muslim with family ties to Muhammad.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHawting198649-23">[22]</a> He aimed to restore the Hejaz to its former political prominence;<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWellhausen1927200-41">[40]</a> after the assassination of Uthman, the region's position as the political center of the Caliphate had been lost first to Kufa under Ali and then to Damascus under Mu'awiya I.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWellhausen1927199–200-42">[41]</a> To that end, Ibn al-Zubayr developed a strong association with Mecca and its Ka'aba,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHawting198649-23">[22]</a> which, combined with his control of Islam's second holiest city of Medina, furthered his prestige and gave his caliphate a holy character.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWellhausen1927200-41">[40]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKennedy200484-33">[32]</a> Abd Allah Ibn al-Zubayr rejected the offer of support from the caliphate's Syria-based army partly because it would have obliged him to relocate to Damascus.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHawting198649-23">[22]</a> Other cities were available to him, but Ibn al-Zubayr opted to remain in Mecca,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWellhausen1927200-41">[40]</a> from which he issued directives to his supporters elsewhere in the Caliphate.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKennedy200484-33">[32]</a> This restricted him from exercising direct influence in the larger, more populated provinces, particularly Iraq, where his more worldly brother ruled with practical independence.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGibb196055-11">[10]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKennedy200484-33">[32]</a> In Arabia, Ibn al-Zubayr's power had been largely confined to the Hejaz with the Kharijite leader Najda holding more influence in the greater part of the peninsula.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWellhausen1927200-41">[40]</a> Thus, Ibn al-Zubayr had virtually rendered himself a background figure in the movement that was launched in his name; in the words of historian <a href="/wiki/Julius_Wellhausen" title="Julius Wellhausen">Julius Wellhausen</a>, "the struggle turned round him nominally, but he took no part in it and it was decided without him".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWellhausen1927200-41">[40]</a> During his rule, Abd Allah Ibn al-Zubayr made significant alterations to the Ka'aba's structure, claiming that the changes were in line with the authority of Muhammad.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHawting198649-23">[22]</a> He called himself the "fugitive at the sanctuary [Ka'aba]" while his Umayyad detractors referred to him as "the evil-doer at Mecca".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHawting198649-23">[22]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Timeline_of_the_two_caliphates">Timeline of the two caliphates</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Abd_Allah_ibn_al-Zubayr&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Timeline of the two caliphates">edit</a>]</div> Three Umayyad caliphs reigned during the twelve years of Ibn al-Zubayr's caliphate between 680 and 692. The short terms indicated in the upper plot in light blue and yellow correspond to the tenures of Mu'awiya II and Marwan I, respectively. (Note that a caliph's succession does not necessarily occur on the first day of the new year.) <div class="timeline-wrapper"><map name="timeline_frz7mtqh4ww4m6enjw21hrfv9oy39yb"><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Abd_al%2DMalik_ibn_Marwan" coords="296,19,460,40" title="Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan" alt="Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan" /></map><img usemap="#timeline_frz7mtqh4ww4m6enjw21hrfv9oy39yb" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/timeline/frz7mtqh4ww4m6enjw21hrfv9oy39yb.png" /></div> <div class="timeline-wrapper"><map name="timeline_9hbi3lay63xtikzqxym5w1xvsdvirp9"></map><img usemap="#timeline_9hbi3lay63xtikzqxym5w1xvsdvirp9" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/timeline/9hbi3lay63xtikzqxym5w1xvsdvirp9.png" /></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ancestry">Ancestry</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Abd_Allah_ibn_al-Zubayr&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Ancestry">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886387087">.mw-parser-output table.ahnentafel{border-collapse:separate;border-spacing:0;line-height:130%}.mw-parser-output .ahnentafel tr{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ahnentafel-t{border-top:#000 solid 1px;border-left:#000 solid 1px}.mw-parser-output .ahnentafel-b{border-bottom:#000 solid 1px;border-left:#000 solid 1px}</style><div class="noresize"><table class="collapsible collapsed" style="margin:0.3em auto;clear:none;min-width:60em;width:auto;font-size:88%;border:1px solid #aaa"><tbody><tr><th style="padding:0.2em 0.3em 0.2em 4.3em;background:none;color:inherit;width:auto">Ancestors of Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr</th></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center"><table class="ahnentafel" style="margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><tbody><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="28" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="13"> </td><td rowspan="12" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="5"> </td><td rowspan="4" colspan="2"> </td><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #bfc;">8. <a href="/wiki/Khuwaylid_ibn_Asad" title="Khuwaylid ibn Asad">Khuwaylid ibn Asad</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMoussaviCrow2005149-43">[42]</a></td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="3" class="ahnentafel-t"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #ffc;">4. <a href="/wiki/Awwam_ibn_Khuwaylid" title="Awwam ibn Khuwaylid">Awwam ibn Khuwaylid</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMoussaviCrow2005149-43">[42]</a></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="3"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="7" class="ahnentafel-t"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="6" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="3" class="ahnentafel-b"> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #bfc;">9. Fatima bint Za'ida</td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="3"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #fb9;">2. <a href="/wiki/Zubayr_ibn_al-Awwam" title="Zubayr ibn al-Awwam">Zubayr ibn al-Awwam</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGibb196054-2">[1]</a></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="7"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="15" class="ahnentafel-t"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="14" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="7" class="ahnentafel-b"> </td><td rowspan="6" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="3"> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #bfc;">10. <a href="/wiki/Abd_al-Muttalib" title="Abd al-Muttalib">Abd al-Muttalib ibn Hashim</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMoussaviCrow2005149-43">[42]</a></td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="3" class="ahnentafel-t"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #ffc;">5. <a href="/wiki/Safiyya_bint_Abd_al-Muttalib" title="Safiyya bint Abd al-Muttalib">Safiyya bint Abd al-Muttalib</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHasson2002549-3">[2]</a></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="3"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="7"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="6" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="3" class="ahnentafel-b"> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #bfc;">11. <a href="/wiki/Hala_bint_Wuhayb" class="mw-redirect" title="Hala bint Wuhayb">Hala bint Wuhayb</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMoussaviCrow2005149-43">[42]</a></td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="3"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #fcc;">1. Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr</td><td rowspan="2" colspan="11"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="24" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="15" class="ahnentafel-b"> </td><td rowspan="14" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="7"> </td><td rowspan="6" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="3"> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #bfc;">12. <a href="/wiki/Abu_Quhafa" title="Abu Quhafa">Abu Quhafa</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBlankinship1993140-44">[43]</a></td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="3" class="ahnentafel-t"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #ffc;">6. <a href="/wiki/Abu_Bakr" title="Abu Bakr">Abu Bakr</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBlankinship1993140-44">[43]</a></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="3"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="7" class="ahnentafel-t"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="6" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="3" class="ahnentafel-b"> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #bfc;">13. <a href="/wiki/Umm_Khayr" class="mw-redirect" title="Umm Khayr">Umm Khayr bint Sakhr</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBlankinship1993140-44">[43]</a></td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="3"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #fb9;">3. <a href="/wiki/Asma_bint_Abi_Bakr" title="Asma bint Abi Bakr">Asma bint Abi Bakr</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGibb196054-2">[1]</a></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="7"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="9"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="8" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="7" class="ahnentafel-b"> </td><td rowspan="6" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="3"> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #bfc;">14. Abd al-Uzza ibn Abd<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBlankinship1993140-44">[43]</a></td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="3" class="ahnentafel-t"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #ffc;">7. <a href="/wiki/Qutaylah_bint_Abd-al-Uzza" class="mw-redirect" title="Qutaylah bint Abd-al-Uzza">Qutayla bint Abd al-Uzza</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBlankinship1993140-44">[43]</a></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="3"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Abd_Allah_ibn_al-Zubayr&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Notes">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> Ibn al-Zubayr's caliphate was initially recognized in the <a href="/wiki/Hejaz" title="Hejaz">Hejaz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Egypt_in_the_Middle_Ages" title="Egypt in the Middle Ages">Egypt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a>, <a href="/wiki/Greater_Khorasan" title="Greater Khorasan">Khurasan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Upper_Mesopotamia" title="Upper Mesopotamia">al-Jazira</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yemen" title="Yemen">Yemen</a> and parts of <a href="/wiki/Bilad_al-Sham" title="Bilad al-Sham">Syria</a>. His reign coincided with the rival Umayyad caliphs <a href="/wiki/Mu%27awiya_II" title="Mu'awiya II">Mu'awiya II</a> (<abbr title="reigned">r.</abbr> 683–684) and <a href="/wiki/Marwan_I" title="Marwan I">Marwan I</a> (<abbr title="reigned">r.</abbr> 684–685) and part of the reign of <a href="/wiki/Abd_al-Malik_ibn_Marwan" title="Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan">Abd al-Malik</a> (<abbr title="reigned">r.</abbr> 685–705) </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Abd_Allah_ibn_al-Zubayr&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGibb196054-2">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGibb196054_2-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGibb196054_2-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGibb196054_2-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGibb196054_2-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGibb196054_2-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGibb196054_2-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGibb196054_2-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGibb196054_2-7">h</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGibb196054_2-8">i</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGibb196054_2-9">j</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGibb196054_2-10">k</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGibb196054_2-11">l</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGibb196054_2-12">m</a> <a href="#CITEREFGibb1960">Gibb 1960</a>, p. 54. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHasson2002549-3">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHasson2002549_3-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHasson2002549_3-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHasson2002549_3-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHasson2002549_3-3">d</a> <a href="#CITEREFHasson2002">Hasson 2002</a>, p. 549. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEElad2016335-4">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEElad2016335_4-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEElad2016335_4-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEElad2016335_4-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEElad2016335_4-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEElad2016335_4-4">e</a> <a href="#CITEREFElad2016">Elad 2016</a>, p. 335. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAhmed201085-5">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAhmed201085_5-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAhmed201085_5-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFAhmed2010">Ahmed 2010</a>, p. 85. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAhmed2010147-6"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAhmed2010147_6-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFAhmed2010">Ahmed 2010</a>, p. 147. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAhmed201085,_note_404-7"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAhmed201085,_note_404_7-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFAhmed2010">Ahmed 2010</a>, p. 85, note 404. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAhmed2010115-8">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAhmed2010115_8-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAhmed2010115_8-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFAhmed2010">Ahmed 2010</a>, p. 115. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFishbein1997159,_note_676-9"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFishbein1997159,_note_676_9-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFFishbein1997">Fishbein 1997</a>, p. 159, note 676. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMadelung1997105-10">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMadelung1997105_10-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMadelung1997105_10-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFMadelung1997">Madelung 1997</a>, p. 105. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGibb196055-11">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGibb196055_11-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGibb196055_11-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGibb196055_11-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGibb196055_11-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGibb196055_11-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGibb196055_11-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGibb196055_11-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGibb196055_11-7">h</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGibb196055_11-8">i</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGibb196055_11-9">j</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGibb196055_11-10">k</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGibb196055_11-11">l</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGibb196055_11-12">m</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGibb196055_11-13">n</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGibb196055_11-14">o</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGibb196055_11-15">p</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGibb196055_11-16">q</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGibb196055_11-17">r</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGibb196055_11-18">s</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGibb196055_11-19">t</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGibb196055_11-20">u</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGibb196055_11-21">v</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGibb196055_11-22">w</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGibb196055_11-23">x</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGibb196055_11-24">y</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGibb196055_11-25">z</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGibb196055_11-26">aa</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGibb196055_11-27">ab</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGibb196055_11-28">ac</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGibb196055_11-29">ad</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGibb196055_11-30">ae</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGibb196055_11-31">af</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGibb196055_11-32">ag</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGibb196055_11-33">ah</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGibb196055_11-34">ai</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGibb196055_11-35">aj</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGibb196055_11-36">ak</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGibb196055_11-37">al</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGibb196055_11-38">am</a> <a href="#CITEREFGibb1960">Gibb 1960</a>, p. 55. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMadelung1997106,_133-12"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMadelung1997106,_133_12-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMadelung1997">Madelung 1997</a>, pp. 106, 133. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMadelung1997172-13"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMadelung1997172_13-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMadelung1997">Madelung 1997</a>, p. 172. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHawting198646-14"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHawting198646_14-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHawting1986">Hawting 1986</a>, p. 46. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWellhausen1927145–146-15"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWellhausen1927145–146_15-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFWellhausen1927">Wellhausen 1927</a>, pp. 145–146. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnthony201612-16"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAnthony201612_16-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFAnthony2016">Anthony 2016</a>, p. 12. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHawting198647-17">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHawting198647_17-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHawting198647_17-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHawting198647_17-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHawting198647_17-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHawting198647_17-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHawting198647_17-5">f</a> <a href="#CITEREFHawting1986">Hawting 1986</a>, p. 47. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAhmed201065–66-18">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAhmed201065–66_18-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAhmed201065–66_18-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAhmed201065–66_18-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAhmed201065–66_18-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAhmed201065–66_18-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAhmed201065–66_18-5">f</a> <a href="#CITEREFAhmed2010">Ahmed 2010</a>, pp. 65–66. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAhmed201095,_note_469-19">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAhmed201095,_note_469_19-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAhmed201095,_note_469_19-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFAhmed2010">Ahmed 2010</a>, p. 95, note 469. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWellhausen1927151-20"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWellhausen1927151_20-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFWellhausen1927">Wellhausen 1927</a>, p. 151. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHawting198648-21">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHawting198648_21-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHawting198648_21-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHawting198648_21-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHawting198648_21-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHawting198648_21-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHawting198648_21-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHawting198648_21-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHawting198648_21-7">h</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHawting198648_21-8">i</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHawting198648_21-9">j</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHawting198648_21-10">k</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHawting198648_21-11">l</a> <a href="#CITEREFHawting1986">Hawting 1986</a>, p. 48. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnthony201612–13,_21-22">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAnthony201612–13,_21_22-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAnthony201612–13,_21_22-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAnthony201612–13,_21_22-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAnthony201612–13,_21_22-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAnthony201612–13,_21_22-4">e</a> <a href="#CITEREFAnthony2016">Anthony 2016</a>, p. 12–13, 21. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHawting198649-23">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHawting198649_23-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHawting198649_23-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHawting198649_23-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHawting198649_23-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHawting198649_23-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHawting198649_23-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHawting198649_23-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHawting198649_23-7">h</a> <a href="#CITEREFHawting1986">Hawting 1986</a>, p. 49. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEZakeri1995230-24"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZakeri1995230_24-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFZakeri1995">Zakeri 1995</a>, p. 230. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKennedy200481-25"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKennedy200481_25-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFKennedy2004">Kennedy 2004</a>, p. 81. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKennedy200480–81-26"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKennedy200480–81_26-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFKennedy2004">Kennedy 2004</a>, pp. 80–81. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKennedy200482-27">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKennedy200482_27-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKennedy200482_27-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKennedy200482_27-2">c</a> <a href="#CITEREFKennedy2004">Kennedy 2004</a>, p. 82. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKennedy200483-28">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKennedy200483_28-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKennedy200483_28-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKennedy200483_28-2">c</a> <a href="#CITEREFKennedy2004">Kennedy 2004</a>, p. 83. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnthony201621-29"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAnthony201621_29-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFAnthony2016">Anthony 2016</a>, p. 21. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFishbein1990118,_note_424-30">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFishbein1990118,_note_424_30-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFishbein1990118,_note_424_30-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFishbein1990118,_note_424_30-2">c</a> <a href="#CITEREFFishbein1990">Fishbein 1990</a>, p. 118, note 424. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFishbein1990119,_note_431-31"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFishbein1990119,_note_431_31-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFFishbein1990">Fishbein 1990</a>, p. 119, note 431. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnthony20168-32">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAnthony20168_32-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAnthony20168_32-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFAnthony2016">Anthony 2016</a>, p. 8. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKennedy200484-33">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKennedy200484_33-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKennedy200484_33-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKennedy200484_33-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKennedy200484_33-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKennedy200484_33-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKennedy200484_33-5">f</a> <a href="#CITEREFKennedy2004">Kennedy 2004</a>, p. 84. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFishbein1990226-34"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFishbein1990226_34-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFFishbein1990">Fishbein 1990</a>, p. 226. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPeters1994100–101-35"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPeters1994100–101_35-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFPeters1994">Peters 1994</a>, pp. 100–101. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEElad2016331-36">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEElad2016331_36-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEElad2016331_36-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFElad2016">Elad 2016</a>, p. 331. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHawting198965,_note_306-37"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHawting198965,_note_306_37-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHawting1989">Hawting 1989</a>, p. 65, note 306. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEElad2016332-38"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEElad2016332_38-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFElad2016">Elad 2016</a>, p. 332. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEElad2016337–338-39"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEElad2016337–338_39-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFElad2016">Elad 2016</a>, pp. 337–338. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKennedy200477-40">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKennedy200477_40-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKennedy200477_40-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFKennedy2004">Kennedy 2004</a>, p. 77. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWellhausen1927200-41">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWellhausen1927200_41-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWellhausen1927200_41-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWellhausen1927200_41-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWellhausen1927200_41-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWellhausen1927200_41-4">e</a> <a href="#CITEREFWellhausen1927">Wellhausen 1927</a>, p. 200. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWellhausen1927199–200-42"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWellhausen1927199–200_42-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFWellhausen1927">Wellhausen 1927</a>, pp. 199–200. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMoussaviCrow2005149-43">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMoussaviCrow2005149_43-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMoussaviCrow2005149_43-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMoussaviCrow2005149_43-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMoussaviCrow2005149_43-3">d</a> <a href="#CITEREFMoussaviCrow2005">Moussavi & Crow 2005</a>, p. 149. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBlankinship1993140-44">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBlankinship1993140_44-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBlankinship1993140_44-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBlankinship1993140_44-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBlankinship1993140_44-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBlankinship1993140_44-4">e</a> <a href="#CITEREFBlankinship1993">Blankinship 1993</a>, p. 140. </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Abd_Allah_ibn_al-Zubayr&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Bibliography">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFAhmed2010" class="citation book cs1">Ahmed, Asad Q. (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=v1dwdBDDjcUC">The Religious Elite of the Early Islamic Ḥijāz: Five Prosopographical Case Studies</a>. Oxford: University of Oxford Linacre College Unit for Prosopographical Research. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-900934-13-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-900934-13-8"><bdi>978-1-900934-13-8</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200709153847/https://books.google.com/books?id=v1dwdBDDjcUC">Archived</a> from the original on 9 July 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Religious+Elite+of+the+Early+Islamic+%E1%B8%A4ij%C4%81z%3A+Five+Prosopographical+Case+Studies&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=University+of+Oxford+Linacre+College+Unit+for+Prosopographical+Research&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-1-900934-13-8&rft.aulast=Ahmed&rft.aufirst=Asad+Q.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dv1dwdBDDjcUC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbd+Allah+ibn+al-Zubayr" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAnthony2016" class="citation book cs1">Anthony, Sean W. (2016). "The Meccan Prison of ʿAbdallāh b. al-Zubayr and the Imprisonment of Muḥammad b. al-Ḥanafiyya". In Pomerantz, Maurice A.; Shahin, Aram A. (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=sa-8CgAAQBAJ">The Heritage of Arabo-Islamic Learning: Studies Presented to Wadad Kadi</a>. Leiden and Boston: Brill. pp. 3–27. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-04-30590-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-04-30590-8"><bdi>978-90-04-30590-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Meccan+Prison+of+%CA%BFAbdall%C4%81h+b.+al-Zubayr+and+the+Imprisonment+of+Mu%E1%B8%A5ammad+b.+al-%E1%B8%A4anafiyya&rft.btitle=The+Heritage+of+Arabo-Islamic+Learning%3A+Studies+Presented+to+Wadad+Kadi&rft.place=Leiden+and+Boston&rft.pages=3-27&rft.pub=Brill&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=978-90-04-30590-8&rft.aulast=Anthony&rft.aufirst=Sean+W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dsa-8CgAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbd+Allah+ibn+al-Zubayr" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBlankinship1993" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Khalid_Yahya_Blankinship" title="Khalid Yahya Blankinship">Blankinship, Khalid Yahya</a>, ed. (1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=47PEMS6emv0C">The History of al-Ṭabarī, Volume XI: The Challenge to the Empires</a>. SUNY Series in Near Eastern Studies. Albany, New York: State University of New York Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7914-0851-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7914-0851-3"><bdi>978-0-7914-0851-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+History+of+al-%E1%B9%ACabar%C4%AB%2C+Volume+XI%3A+The+Challenge+to+the+Empires&rft.place=Albany%2C+New+York&rft.series=SUNY+Series+in+Near+Eastern+Studies.&rft.pub=State+University+of+New+York+Press&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=978-0-7914-0851-3&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D47PEMS6emv0C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbd+Allah+ibn+al-Zubayr" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFElad2016" class="citation book cs1">Elad, Amikam (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=i23sCgAAQBAJ">The Rebellion of Muḥammad al-Nafs al-Zakiyya in 145/762: Ṭālibīs and Early ʿAbbāsīs in Conflict</a>. Leiden: Brill. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-04-22989-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-04-22989-1"><bdi>978-90-04-22989-1</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191220132003/https://books.google.com/books?id=i23sCgAAQBAJ">Archived</a> from the original on 20 December 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Rebellion+of+Mu%E1%B8%A5ammad+al-Nafs+al-Zakiyya+in+145%2F762%3A+%E1%B9%AC%C4%81lib%C4%ABs+and+Early+%CA%BFAbb%C4%81s%C4%ABs+in+Conflict&rft.place=Leiden&rft.pub=Brill&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=978-90-04-22989-1&rft.aulast=Elad&rft.aufirst=Amikam&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Di23sCgAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbd+Allah+ibn+al-Zubayr" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFishbein1990" class="citation book cs1">Fishbein, Michael, ed. (1990). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=0HLeYUXJecAC">The History of al-Ṭabarī, Volume XXI: The Victory of the Marwānids, A.D. 685–693/A.H. 66–73</a>. SUNY Series in Near Eastern Studies. Albany, New York: State University of New York Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7914-0221-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7914-0221-4"><bdi>978-0-7914-0221-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+History+of+al-%E1%B9%ACabar%C4%AB%2C+Volume+XXI%3A+The+Victory+of+the+Marw%C4%81nids%2C+A.D.+685%E2%80%93693%2FA.H.+66%E2%80%9373&rft.place=Albany%2C+New+York&rft.series=SUNY+Series+in+Near+Eastern+Studies.&rft.pub=State+University+of+New+York+Press&rft.date=1990&rft.isbn=978-0-7914-0221-4&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D0HLeYUXJecAC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbd+Allah+ibn+al-Zubayr" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFishbein1997" class="citation book cs1">Fishbein, Michael, ed. (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=NrrjCQAAQBAJ">The History of al-Ṭabarī, Volume VIII: The Victory of Islam: Muḥammad at Medina A.D. 626–630/A.H. 5–8</a>. SUNY Series in Near Eastern Studies. Albany, New York: State University of New York Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7914-3149-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7914-3149-8"><bdi>978-0-7914-3149-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+History+of+al-%E1%B9%ACabar%C4%AB%2C+Volume+VIII%3A+The+Victory+of+Islam%3A+Mu%E1%B8%A5ammad+at+Medina+A.D.+626%E2%80%93630%2FA.H.+5%E2%80%938&rft.place=Albany%2C+New+York&rft.series=SUNY+Series+in+Near+Eastern+Studies.&rft.pub=State+University+of+New+York+Press&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=978-0-7914-3149-8&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DNrrjCQAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbd+Allah+ibn+al-Zubayr" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGibb1960" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/H._A._R._Gibb" title="H. A. R. Gibb">Gibb, H. A. R.</a> (1960). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://referenceworks.brill.com/search?q=%CA%BFAbd+All%C4%81h+ibn+al-Zubayr&source=%2Fdb%2Feieo">"ʿAbd Allāh ibn al-Zubayr"</a>. In <a href="/wiki/H._A._R._Gibb" title="H. A. R. Gibb">Gibb, H. A. R.</a>; <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Hendrik_Kramers" title="Johannes Hendrik Kramers">Kramers, J. H.</a>; <a href="/wiki/%C3%89variste_L%C3%A9vi-Proven%C3%A7al" title="Évariste Lévi-Provençal">Lévi-Provençal, E.</a>; <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Schacht" title="Joseph Schacht">Schacht, J.</a>; <a href="/wiki/Bernard_Lewis" title="Bernard Lewis">Lewis, B.</a> & <a href="/wiki/Charles_Pellat" title="Charles Pellat">Pellat, Ch.</a> (eds.). <a href="/wiki/The_Encyclopaedia_of_Islam#2nd_edition,_EI2" class="mw-redirect" title="The Encyclopaedia of Islam">The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition</a>. Volume I: A–B. Leiden: E. J. Brill. pp. 54–55. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/495469456">495469456</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=%CA%BFAbd+All%C4%81h+ibn+al-Zubayr&rft.btitle=The+Encyclopaedia+of+Islam%2C+Second+Edition.+Volume+I%3A+A%E2%80%93B&rft.place=Leiden&rft.pages=54-55&rft.pub=E.+J.+Brill&rft.date=1960&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F495469456&rft.aulast=Gibb&rft.aufirst=H.+A.+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Freferenceworks.brill.com%2Fsearch%3Fq%3D%25CA%25BFAbd%2BAll%25C4%2581h%2Bibn%2Bal-Zubayr%26source%3D%252Fdb%252Feieo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbd+Allah+ibn+al-Zubayr" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHasson2002" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Hasson, I. (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://referenceworks.brill.com/search?q=Al-Zubayr+b.+al-%CA%BFAww%C4%81m&source=%2Fdb%2Feieo">"Al-Zubayr b. al-ʿAwwām"</a>. In <a href="/wiki/Peri_J._Bearman" class="mw-redirect" title="Peri J. Bearman">Bearman, P. J.</a>; <a href="/wiki/Thierry_Bianquis" title="Thierry Bianquis">Bianquis, Th.</a>; <a href="/wiki/C._E._Bosworth" class="mw-redirect" title="C. E. Bosworth">Bosworth, C. E.</a>; <a href="/wiki/Emeri_Johannes_van_Donzel" class="mw-redirect" title="Emeri Johannes van Donzel">van Donzel, E.</a> & <a href="/wiki/Wolfhart_Heinrichs" title="Wolfhart Heinrichs">Heinrichs, W. P.</a> (eds.). <a href="/wiki/The_Encyclopaedia_of_Islam#2nd_edition,_EI2" class="mw-redirect" title="The Encyclopaedia of Islam">The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition</a>. Volume XI: W–Z. Leiden: E. J. Brill. pp. 549–551. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-04-12756-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-04-12756-2"><bdi>978-90-04-12756-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Al-Zubayr+b.+al-%CA%BFAww%C4%81m&rft.btitle=The+Encyclopaedia+of+Islam%2C+Second+Edition.+Volume+XI%3A+W%E2%80%93Z&rft.place=Leiden&rft.pages=549-551&rft.pub=E.+J.+Brill&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-90-04-12756-2&rft.aulast=Hasson&rft.aufirst=I.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Freferenceworks.brill.com%2Fsearch%3Fq%3DAl-Zubayr%2Bb.%2Bal-%25CA%25BFAww%25C4%2581m%26source%3D%252Fdb%252Feieo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbd+Allah+ibn+al-Zubayr" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHawting1986" class="citation book cs1">Hawting, G. R. (1986). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1083391651">The First Dynasty of Islam The Umayyad Caliphate AD 661–750</a>. Carbondale : Southern Illinois University Press. p. 49. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0415240734" title="Special:BookSources/978-0415240734"><bdi>978-0415240734</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1083391651">1083391651</a>. Retrieved 8 December 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+First+Dynasty+of+Islam+The+Umayyad+Caliphate+AD+661%E2%80%93750&rft.pages=49&rft.pub=Carbondale+%3A+Southern+Illinois+University+Press&rft.date=1986&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1083391651&rft.isbn=978-0415240734&rft.aulast=Hawting&rft.aufirst=G.+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F1083391651&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbd+Allah+ibn+al-Zubayr" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHawting1989" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/G._R._Hawting" title="G. R. Hawting">Hawting, G. R.</a>, ed. (1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=L1JNHWby2RQC">The History of al-Ṭabarī, Volume XX: The Collapse of Sufyānid Authority and the Coming of the Marwānids: The Caliphates of Muʿāwiyah II and Marwān I and the Beginning of the Caliphate of ʿAbd al-Malik, A.D. 683–685/A.H. 64–66</a>. SUNY Series in Near Eastern Studies. Albany, New York: State University of New York Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-88706-855-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-88706-855-3"><bdi>978-0-88706-855-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+History+of+al-%E1%B9%ACabar%C4%AB%2C+Volume+XX%3A+The+Collapse+of+Sufy%C4%81nid+Authority+and+the+Coming+of+the+Marw%C4%81nids%3A+The+Caliphates+of+Mu%CA%BF%C4%81wiyah+II+and+Marw%C4%81n+I+and+the+Beginning+of+the+Caliphate+of+%CA%BFAbd+al-Malik%2C+A.D.+683%E2%80%93685%2FA.H.+64%E2%80%9366&rft.place=Albany%2C+New+York&rft.series=SUNY+Series+in+Near+Eastern+Studies.&rft.pub=State+University+of+New+York+Press&rft.date=1989&rft.isbn=978-0-88706-855-3&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DL1JNHWby2RQC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbd+Allah+ibn+al-Zubayr" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHawting2000" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/G._R._Hawting" title="G. R. Hawting">Hawting, Gerald R.</a> (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=tNiAAgAAQBAJ">The First Dynasty of Islam: The Umayyad Caliphate AD 661–750</a> (Second ed.). London and New York: Routledge. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-415-24072-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-415-24072-7"><bdi>0-415-24072-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+First+Dynasty+of+Islam%3A+The+Umayyad+Caliphate+AD+661%E2%80%93750&rft.place=London+and+New+York&rft.edition=Second&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=0-415-24072-7&rft.aulast=Hawting&rft.aufirst=Gerald+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DtNiAAgAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbd+Allah+ibn+al-Zubayr" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKennedy2004" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_N._Kennedy" title="Hugh N. Kennedy">Kennedy, Hugh</a> (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Wux0lWbxs1kC">The Prophet and the Age of the Caliphates: The Islamic Near East from the 6th to the 11th Century</a> (Second ed.). Harlow: Longman. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-582-40525-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-582-40525-7"><bdi>978-0-582-40525-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Prophet+and+the+Age+of+the+Caliphates%3A+The+Islamic+Near+East+from+the+6th+to+the+11th+Century&rft.place=Harlow&rft.edition=Second&rft.pub=Longman&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-0-582-40525-7&rft.aulast=Kennedy&rft.aufirst=Hugh&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DWux0lWbxs1kC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbd+Allah+ibn+al-Zubayr" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMadelung1997" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Wilferd_Madelung" title="Wilferd Madelung">Madelung, Wilferd</a> (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=2QKBUwBUWWkC">The Succession to Muhammad: A Study of the Early Caliphate</a>. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-56181-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-56181-5"><bdi>978-0-521-56181-5</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190728182109/https://books.google.com/books?id=2QKBUwBUWWkC">Archived</a> from the original on 28 July 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Succession+to+Muhammad%3A+A+Study+of+the+Early+Caliphate&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=978-0-521-56181-5&rft.aulast=Madelung&rft.aufirst=Wilferd&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D2QKBUwBUWWkC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbd+Allah+ibn+al-Zubayr" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMoussaviCrow2005" class="citation book cs1">Moussavi, Ahmad Kazemi; Crow, Karim Douglas (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=rkwGdStuXHUC">Facing One Qiblah: Legal and Doctrinal Aspects of Sunni and Shi'ah Muslims</a>. Singapore: Pustaka Nasional Pte Ltd. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-9971-77-552-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-9971-77-552-0"><bdi>978-9971-77-552-0</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/71823572">71823572</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Facing+One+Qiblah%3A+Legal+and+Doctrinal+Aspects+of+Sunni+and+Shi%27ah+Muslims&rft.place=Singapore&rft.pub=Pustaka+Nasional+Pte+Ltd&rft.date=2005&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F71823572&rft.isbn=978-9971-77-552-0&rft.aulast=Moussavi&rft.aufirst=Ahmad+Kazemi&rft.au=Crow%2C+Karim+Douglas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DrkwGdStuXHUC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbd+Allah+ibn+al-Zubayr" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPeters1994" class="citation book cs1">Peters, F. E. (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=E50rDgAAQBAJ">Mecca: A Literary History of the Muslim Holy Land</a>. Princeton: Princeton University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-691-03267-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-691-03267-2"><bdi>978-0-691-03267-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mecca%3A+A+Literary+History+of+the+Muslim+Holy+Land&rft.place=Princeton&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=978-0-691-03267-2&rft.aulast=Peters&rft.aufirst=F.+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DE50rDgAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbd+Allah+ibn+al-Zubayr" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWellhausen1927" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Julius_Wellhausen" title="Julius Wellhausen">Wellhausen, Julius</a> (1927). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/arabkingdomandit029490mbp">The Arab Kingdom and Its Fall</a>. Translated by Margaret Graham Weir. Calcutta: University of Calcutta. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/752790641">752790641</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Arab+Kingdom+and+Its+Fall&rft.place=Calcutta&rft.pub=University+of+Calcutta&rft.date=1927&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F752790641&rft.aulast=Wellhausen&rft.aufirst=Julius&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Farabkingdomandit029490mbp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbd+Allah+ibn+al-Zubayr" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZakeri1995" class="citation book cs1">Zakeri, Mohsen (1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=VfYnu5F20coC&pg=PA230">Sasanid Soldiers in Early Muslim Society: The Origins of 'Ayyārān and Futuwwa</a>. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3447036528" title="Special:BookSources/978-3447036528"><bdi>978-3447036528</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sasanid+Soldiers+in+Early+Muslim+Society%3A+The+Origins+of+%27Ayy%C4%81r%C4%81n+and+Futuwwa&rft.pub=Otto+Harrassowitz+Verlag&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=978-3447036528&rft.aulast=Zakeri&rft.aufirst=Mohsen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DVfYnu5F20coC%26pg%3DPA230&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbd+Allah+ibn+al-Zubayr" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Abd_Allah_ibn_al-Zubayr&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Further reading">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/34px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="34" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/51px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/68px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikiquote has quotations related to <a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Abd_Allah_ibn_al-Zubayr" class="extiw" title="q:Special:Search/Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr">Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr</a>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBahramianLahouti2015" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Bahramian, Ali; Lahouti, Hassan (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopaedia-islamica/abd-allah-b-al-zubayr-SIM_0049?s.num=37&s.f.s2_parent=s.f.book.encyclopaedia-islamica&s.start=20&s.q=umayyad">"ʿAbd Allāh b. al-Zubayr"</a>. In <a href="/wiki/Wilferd_Madelung" title="Wilferd Madelung">Madelung, Wilferd</a>; <a href="/wiki/Farhad_Daftary" title="Farhad Daftary">Daftary, Farhad</a> (eds.). Encyclopaedia Islamica Online. Brill Online. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1875-9831">1875-9831</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=%CA%BFAbd+All%C4%81h+b.+al-Zubayr&rft.btitle=Encyclopaedia+Islamica+Online&rft.pub=Brill+Online&rft.date=2015&rft.issn=1875-9831&rft.aulast=Bahramian&rft.aufirst=Ali&rft.au=Lahouti%2C+Hassan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Freferenceworks.brillonline.com%2Fentries%2Fencyclopaedia-islamica%2Fabd-allah-b-al-zubayr-SIM_0049%3Fs.num%3D37%26s.f.s2_parent%3Ds.f.book.encyclopaedia-islamica%26s.start%3D20%26s.q%3Dumayyad&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbd+Allah+ibn+al-Zubayr" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFClarke2018" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Clarke, Nicola (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780198662778.001.0001/acref-9780198662778-e-2357?rskey=ihNJft&result=3">"'Abd Allah b. al-Zubayr"</a>. In Nicholson, Oliver (ed.). <a href="/wiki/The_Oxford_Dictionary_of_Late_Antiquity" title="The Oxford Dictionary of Late Antiquity">The Oxford Dictionary of Late Antiquity</a>. Oxford: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-866277-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-866277-8"><bdi>978-0-19-866277-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=%27Abd+Allah+b.+al-Zubayr&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Dictionary+of+Late+Antiquity&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=978-0-19-866277-8&rft.aulast=Clarke&rft.aufirst=Nicola&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxfordreference.com%2Fview%2F10.1093%2Facref%2F9780198662778.001.0001%2Facref-9780198662778-e-2357%3Frskey%3DihNJft%26result%3D3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbd+Allah+ibn+al-Zubayr" class="Z3988"></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFD700; text-align:center;"><div>Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr </div>Born: May 624 Died: November 692 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Yazid_I" title="Yazid I">Yazid I</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Caliphs" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Caliphs">Caliph</a> November 683 – November 692 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Abd_al-Malik_ibn_Marwan" title="Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan">Abd al-Malik</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q307665#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q307665#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q307665#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000066902892">ISNI</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/90038930">VIAF</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/256810/">FAST</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJdh3cCrCcPdTjmqRvPhHC">WorldCat</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/104051159">Germany</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/nr89011344">United States</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb15532279n">France</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb15532279n">BnF data</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/31fhlw3m23mbslh">Sweden</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007301760105171">Israel</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd104051159.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/113657609">IdRef</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/abdullah-b-zubeyr-b-avvam">İslâm Ansiklopedisi</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Abd_Allah_ibn_al-Zubayr&oldid=1252675380">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Abd_Allah_ibn_al-Zubayr&oldid=1252675380</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:624_births" title="Category:624 births">624 births</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:692_deaths" title="Category:692 deaths">692 deaths</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:7th-century_caliphs" title="Category:7th-century caliphs">7th-century caliphs</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Family_of_Abu_Bakr" title="Category:Family of Abu Bakr">Family of Abu Bakr</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Companions_of_the_Prophet" title="Category:Companions of the Prophet">Companions of the Prophet</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:People_of_the_First_Fitna" title="Category:People of the First Fitna">People of the First Fitna</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:People_of_the_Second_Fitna" title="Category:People of the Second Fitna">People of the Second Fitna</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Banu_Asad_(Quraysh)" title="Category:Banu Asad (Quraysh)">Banu Asad (Quraysh)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hejaz_under_the_Umayyad_Caliphate" title="Category:Hejaz under the Umayyad Caliphate">Hejaz under the Umayyad Caliphate</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_the_EasyTimeline_extension" title="Category:Pages using the EasyTimeline extension">Pages using the EasyTimeline extension</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_American_English_from_July_2020" title="Category:Use American English from July 2020">Use American English from July 2020</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_Wikipedia_articles_written_in_American_English" title="Category:All Wikipedia articles written in American English">All Wikipedia articles written in American English</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_August_2024" title="Category:Use dmy dates from August 2024">Use dmy dates from August 2024</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Arabic-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Arabic-language text">Articles containing Arabic-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Good_articles" title="Category:Good articles">Good articles</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 22 October 2024, at 13:21 (UTC).</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Abd_Allah_ibn_al-Zubayr&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-6s8bw","wgBackendResponseTime":178,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"1.405","walltime":"1.812","ppvisitednodes":{"value":17188,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":147185,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":21434,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":18,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":7,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":109348,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 1639.781 1 -total"," 26.95% 441.997 161 Template:Sfn"," 12.78% 209.571 11 Template:Cite_book"," 8.71% 142.772 1 Template:Langx"," 7.76% 127.250 2 Template:Infobox"," 6.89% 112.956 1 Template:Infobox_royalty"," 6.11% 100.264 1 Template:Authority_control"," 5.84% 95.786 174 Template:Main_other"," 5.06% 82.970 1 Template:Short_description"," 3.25% 53.279 2 Template:Pagetype"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.850","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":17336816,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-logs":"anchor_id_list = table#1 {\n [\"CITEREFAhmed2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAnthony2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBlankinship1993\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFElad2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFishbein1990\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFishbein1997\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGibb1960\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHasson2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHawting1986\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHawting1989\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMadelung1997\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMoussaviCrow2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPeters1994\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFZakeri1995\"] = 1,\n}\ntemplate_list = table#1 {\n [\"Ahnentafel\"] = 1,\n [\"Authority control\"] = 1,\n [\"Circa\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite book\"] = 8,\n [\"DEFAULTSORT:Abd Allah Ibn Al-Zubayr\"] = 1,\n [\"EI2\"] = 2,\n [\"Efn\"] = 1,\n [\"Encyclopaedia Islamica\"] = 1,\n [\"End\"] = 1,\n [\"Good article\"] = 1,\n [\"Google Books\"] = 4,\n [\"Infobox royalty\"] = 1,\n [\"Langx\"] = 1,\n [\"Notelist\"] = 1,\n [\"ODLA\"] = 1,\n [\"Plainlist\"] = 2,\n [\"Redirect2\"] = 1,\n [\"Refbegin\"] = 1,\n [\"Refend\"] = 1,\n [\"Reflist\"] = 1,\n [\"Reign\"] = 15,\n [\"S-aft\"] = 1,\n [\"S-bef\"] = 1,\n [\"S-hou\"] = 1,\n [\"S-start\"] = 1,\n [\"S-ttl\"] = 1,\n [\"Sfn\"] = 161,\n [\"Short description\"] = 1,\n [\"Snd\"] = 1,\n [\"The Arab Kingdom and its Fall\"] = 1,\n [\"The First Dynasty of Islam\"] = 1,\n [\"The History of al-Tabari\"] = 4,\n [\"The Prophet and the Age of the Caliphates\"] = 1,\n [\"Transliteration\"] = 6,\n [\"Use American English\"] = 1,\n [\"Use dmy dates\"] = 1,\n [\"Wikiquote\"] = 1,\n}\narticle_whitelist = table#1 {\n}\n"},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-2ms4s","timestamp":"20241124055607","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Abd_Allah_ibn_al-Zubayr","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q307665","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q307665","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2002-07-29T15:25:49Z","dateModified":"2024-10-22T13:21:04Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/c\/c6\/Silver_dirham_of_Abd_Allah_ibn_al-Zubayr_690-91.jpg","headline":"historical Arab ruler (624-692)"}</script> </body> </html>