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class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Physical" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Physical"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Physical</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Physical-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Human" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Human"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Human</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Human-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Climate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Prehistory" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prehistory"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Prehistory</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prehistory-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Etymology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etymology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Etymology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etymology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Dál_Riata" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dál_Riata"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Dál Riata</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dál_Riata-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Norse_rule" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Norse_rule"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Norse rule</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Norse_rule-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Clans_and_Scottish_rule" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Clans_and_Scottish_rule"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Clans and Scottish rule</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Clans_and_Scottish_rule-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-British_era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#British_era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>British era</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-British_era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Transport</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Transport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gaelic_language" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gaelic_language"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Gaelic language</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gaelic_language-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_arts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_arts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>The arts</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_arts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Wildlife" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Wildlife"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Wildlife</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Wildlife-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Inner Hebrides</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 50 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-50" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">50 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binne-Hebride" title="Binne-Hebride – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Binne-Hebride" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%B3_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AE%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="هبرديس الداخلية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="هبرديس الداخلية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islles_H%C3%A9brides_Interiores" title="Islles Hébrides Interiores – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Islles Hébrides Interiores" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%B1%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%8B" title="Унутраныя Гебрыдскія астравы – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Унутраныя Гебрыдскія астравы" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Na_h-Eileanan_a-staigh" title="Na h-Eileanan a-staigh – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Na h-Eileanan a-staigh" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A8brides_Interiors" title="Hèbrides Interiors – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Hèbrides Interiors" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inner_Hebrides" title="Inner Hebrides – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Inner Hebrides" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vnit%C5%99n%C3%AD_Hebridy" title="Vnitřní Hebridy – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Vnitřní Hebridy" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ynysoedd_Mewnol_Heledd" title="Ynysoedd Mewnol Heledd – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Ynysoedd Mewnol Heledd" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indre_Hebrider" title="Indre Hebrider – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Indre Hebrider" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Innere_Hebriden" title="Innere Hebriden – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Innere Hebriden" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sise-Hebriidid" title="Sise-Hebriidid – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Sise-Hebriidid" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islas_H%C3%A9bridas_Interiores" title="Islas Hébridas Interiores – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Islas Hébridas Interiores" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proksimaj_Hebridoj" title="Proksimaj Hebridoj – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Proksimaj Hebridoj" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barruko_Hebridak" title="Barruko Hebridak – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Barruko Hebridak" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D8%A8%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AF%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AE%D9%84%DB%8C" title="هبریدهای داخلی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="هبریدهای داخلی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A9brides_int%C3%A9rieures" title="Hébrides intérieures – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Hébrides intérieures" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binnenste_Hebriden" title="Binnenste Hebriden – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Binnenste Hebriden" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Na_hOile%C3%A1in_Laistigh" title="Na hOileáin Laistigh – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Na hOileáin Laistigh" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Na_h-Eileanan_a-staigh" title="Na h-Eileanan a-staigh – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Na h-Eileanan a-staigh" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A9bridas_Interiores" title="Hébridas Interiores – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Hébridas Interiores" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EB%84%88%ED%97%A4%EB%B8%8C%EB%A6%AC%EB%94%94%EC%8A%A4_%EC%A0%9C%EB%8F%84" title="이너헤브리디스 제도 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="이너헤브리디스 제도" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Innri_Su%C3%B0ureyjar" title="Innri Suðureyjar – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Innri Suðureyjar" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ebridi_Interne" title="Ebridi Interne – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Ebridi Interne" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D1%88%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4_%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B" title="Ішкі Гебрид аралдары – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Ішкі Гебрид аралдары" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ebudes_Interiores" title="Ebudes Interiores – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Ebudes Interiores" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vidiniai_Hebridai" title="Vidiniai Hebridai – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Vidiniai Hebridai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%88%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B8" title="Внатрешни Хебриди – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Внатрешни Хебриди" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binnen-Hebriden" title="Binnen-Hebriden – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Binnen-Hebriden" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3%E3%83%8A%E3%83%BC%E3%83%BB%E3%83%98%E3%83%96%E3%83%AA%E3%83%87%E3%82%A3%E3%83%BC%E3%82%BA" title="インナー・ヘブリディーズ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="インナー・ヘブリディーズ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indre_Hebridene" title="Indre Hebridene – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Indre Hebridene" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indre_Hebridane" title="Indre Hebridane – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Indre Hebridane" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%84%DB%92_%DB%81%DB%8C%D8%A8%D8%B1%DA%88%D8%B2" title="اندرلے ہیبرڈز – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="اندرلے ہیبرڈز" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binnere_Hebriden" title="Binnere Hebriden – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Binnere Hebriden" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hebrydy_Wewn%C4%99trzne" title="Hebrydy Wewnętrzne – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Hebrydy Wewnętrzne" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A9bridas_Interiores" title="Hébridas Interiores – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Hébridas Interiores" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hebridele_interioare" title="Hebridele interioare – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Hebridele interioare" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Внутренние Гебридские острова – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Внутренние Гебридские острова" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inner_Hebrides" title="Inner Hebrides – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Inner Hebrides" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inner_Hebrides" title="Inner Hebrides – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Inner Hebrides" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vn%C3%BAtorn%C3%A9_Hebridy" title="Vnútorné Hebridy – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Vnútorné Hebridy" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Notranji_Hebridi" title="Notranji Hebridi – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Notranji Hebridi" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%88%D1%9A%D0%B8_%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B8" title="Унутрашњи Хебриди – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Унутрашњи Хебриди" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unutarnji_Hebridi" title="Unutarnji Hebridi – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Unutarnji Hebridi" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sis%C3%A4-Hebridit" title="Sisä-Hebridit – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Sisä-Hebridit" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inre_Hebriderna" title="Inre Hebriderna – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Inre Hebriderna" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0%C3%A7_Hebridler" title="İç Hebridler – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="İç Hebridler" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a 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</div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Inner_Hebrides&params=56_30_N_6_00_W_region:GB_type:isle"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">56°30′N</span> <span class="longitude">6°00′W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">56.500°N 6.000°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">56.500; -6.000</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> <div id="mw-indicator-good-star" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Good_articles*" title="This is a good article. Click here for more information."><img alt="This is a good article. Click here for more information." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/19px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/29px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/39px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Archipelago off the west coast of mainland Scotland</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title">Inner Hebrides</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Inner_Hebrides.png" class="mw-file-description" title="The Inner Hebrides of Scotland"><img alt="The Inner Hebrides of Scotland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Inner_Hebrides.png/255px-Inner_Hebrides.png" decoding="async" width="255" height="318" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Inner_Hebrides.png/383px-Inner_Hebrides.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Inner_Hebrides.png/510px-Inner_Hebrides.png 2x" data-file-width="2733" data-file-height="3411" /></a></span><br />The Inner Hebrides of Scotland</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef">Location</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.2em;line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Ordnance_Survey_National_Grid" title="Ordnance Survey National Grid">OS grid reference</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion" style="white-space: nowrap"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Inner_Hebrides&params=56.499805_N_6.000010_W_region:GB_scale:25000&title=Inner+Hebrides">NM 53928 41384</a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef">Physical geography</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.2em;line-height:1.2em;">Island group</th><td class="infobox-data label">Inner Hebrides</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef">Administration</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.2em;line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Countries_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Countries of the United Kingdom">Country</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland">Scotland</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.2em;line-height:1.2em;">Sovereign state</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Lymphad"><img alt="Lymphad" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Lymphad3.svg/25px-Lymphad3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Lymphad3.svg/39px-Lymphad3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Lymphad3.svg/51px-Lymphad3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="177" data-file-height="174" /></span></span></th></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Inner Hebrides</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'h' in 'hi'">h</span><span title="/ɛ/: 'e' in 'dress'">ɛ</span><span title="'b' in 'buy'">b</span><span title="'r' in 'rye'">r</span><span title="/ɪ/: 'i' in 'kit'">ɪ</span><span title="'d' in 'dye'">d</span><span title="/iː/: 'ee' in 'fleece'">iː</span><span title="'z' in 'zoom'">z</span></span>/</a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling"><span style="font-size:90%">HEB</span>-rid-eez</i></a>; <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Gaelic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Scottish Gaelic language">Scottish Gaelic</a>: <i lang="gd">na h-Eileanan a-staigh</i>, <small><a href="/wiki/Literal_translation" title="Literal translation">lit.</a> </small>'the Inner Isles') is an <a href="/wiki/Archipelago" title="Archipelago">archipelago</a> off the west coast of mainland <a href="/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland">Scotland</a>, to the south east of the <a href="/wiki/Outer_Hebrides" title="Outer Hebrides">Outer Hebrides</a>. Together these two island chains form the <a href="/wiki/Hebrides" title="Hebrides">Hebrides</a>, which experience a mild <a href="/wiki/Oceanic_climate" title="Oceanic climate">oceanic climate</a>. The Inner Hebrides comprise 35 inhabited islands as well as 44 uninhabited islands with an area greater than 30 hectares (74 acres). <a href="/wiki/Skye" class="mw-redirect" title="Skye">Skye</a>, <a href="/wiki/Isle_of_Mull" title="Isle of Mull">Mull</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Islay" title="Islay">Islay</a> are the three largest, and also have the highest populations. The main commercial activities are tourism, <a href="/wiki/Crofting" title="Crofting">crofting</a>, fishing and <a href="/wiki/Scotch_whisky" title="Scotch whisky">whisky distilling</a>. In modern times the Inner Hebrides have formed part of two separate local government jurisdictions, one to the north and the other to the south. Together, the islands have an area of about 4,130 km<sup>2</sup> (1,594 sq mi), and had a population of 18,948 in 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-GRO_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GRO-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NRS_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NRS-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The population density is therefore about 4.6 inhabitants per square kilometre (12 inhabitants per square mile). </p><p>There are various important prehistoric structures, many of which pre-date the first written references to the islands by <a href="/wiki/Classical_antiquity" title="Classical antiquity">Roman and Greek</a> authors. In the historic period the earliest known settlers were <a href="/wiki/Picts" title="Picts">Picts</a> to the north and <a href="/wiki/Gaels" title="Gaels">Gaels</a> in the southern kingdom of <a href="/wiki/D%C3%A1l_Riada" class="mw-redirect" title="Dál Riada">Dál Riada</a> prior to the islands becoming part of the <i><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Mann_and_the_Isles" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Mann and the Isles">Suðreyjar</a></i> kingdom of the <a href="/wiki/Norsemen" title="Norsemen">Norse</a>, who ruled for over 400 years until sovereignty was transferred to Scotland by the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Perth" title="Treaty of Perth">Treaty of Perth</a> in 1266. Control of the islands was then held by various <a href="/wiki/Scottish_clan" title="Scottish clan">clan</a> chiefs, principally the <a href="/wiki/Clan_MacLean" class="mw-redirect" title="Clan MacLean">MacLeans</a>, <a href="/wiki/Clan_MacLeod" title="Clan MacLeod">MacLeods</a> and <a href="/wiki/Clan_Donald" title="Clan Donald">MacDonalds</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Highland_Clearances" title="Highland Clearances">Highland Clearances</a> of the 19th century had a devastating effect on many communities and it is only in recent years that population levels have ceased to decline. </p><p>Sea transport is crucial and a variety of ferry services operate to mainland Scotland and between the islands. The <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Gaelic" title="Scottish Gaelic">Gaelic language</a> remains strong in some areas; the landscapes have inspired a variety of artists; and there is a diversity of wildlife. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tiree,_Balephuil_Bay.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Tiree%2C_Balephuil_Bay.jpg/220px-Tiree%2C_Balephuil_Bay.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Tiree%2C_Balephuil_Bay.jpg/330px-Tiree%2C_Balephuil_Bay.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Tiree%2C_Balephuil_Bay.jpg/440px-Tiree%2C_Balephuil_Bay.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="425" /></a><figcaption>Looking west to Balephuil Bay, <a href="/wiki/Tiree" title="Tiree">Tiree</a> across the <a href="/wiki/Machair_(geography)" class="mw-redirect" title="Machair (geography)">machair</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kinloch_Castle.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Kinloch_Castle.jpg/220px-Kinloch_Castle.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Kinloch_Castle.jpg/330px-Kinloch_Castle.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Kinloch_Castle.jpg/440px-Kinloch_Castle.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="330" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Kinloch_Castle" title="Kinloch Castle">Kinloch Castle</a>, <a href="/wiki/R%C3%B9m" title="Rùm">Rùm</a></figcaption></figure> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Inner_Hebrides&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tobermory,_Isle_of_Mull.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Tobermory%2C_Isle_of_Mull.jpg/220px-Tobermory%2C_Isle_of_Mull.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="121" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Tobermory%2C_Isle_of_Mull.jpg/330px-Tobermory%2C_Isle_of_Mull.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Tobermory%2C_Isle_of_Mull.jpg/440px-Tobermory%2C_Isle_of_Mull.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="440" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Tobermory,_Mull" title="Tobermory, Mull">Tobermory</a>, the largest settlement on <a href="/wiki/Isle_of_Mull" title="Isle of Mull">Mull</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sgurr_alasdair.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Sgurr_alasdair.jpg/220px-Sgurr_alasdair.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Sgurr_alasdair.jpg/330px-Sgurr_alasdair.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Sgurr_alasdair.jpg/440px-Sgurr_alasdair.jpg 2x" data-file-width="896" data-file-height="578" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Sgurr_Alasdair" class="mw-redirect" title="Sgurr Alasdair">Sgurr Alasdair</a>, the highest peak in the Inner Hebrides</figcaption></figure> <p>The islands form a disparate archipelago. The largest islands are, from south to north, <a href="/wiki/Islay" title="Islay">Islay</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jura,_Scotland" title="Jura, Scotland">Jura</a>, <a href="/wiki/Isle_of_Mull" title="Isle of Mull">Mull</a>, <a href="/wiki/R%C3%B9m" title="Rùm">Rùm</a> and <a href="/wiki/Skye" class="mw-redirect" title="Skye">Skye</a>. Skye is the largest and most populous of all with an area of 1,656 km<sup>2</sup> (639 sq mi) and a population of just over 10,000.<sup id="cite_ref-NRS_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NRS-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-HSTabs_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HSTabs-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-HS173_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HS173-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The southern group are in <a href="/wiki/Argyll" title="Argyll">Argyll</a>, an area roughly corresponding with the heartlands of the ancient kingdom of <a href="/wiki/D%C3%A1l_Riata" title="Dál Riata">Dál Riata</a> and incorporated into the modern <a href="/wiki/Council_areas_of_Scotland" class="mw-redirect" title="Council areas of Scotland">unitary council area</a> of <a href="/wiki/Argyll_and_Bute" title="Argyll and Bute">Argyll and Bute</a>. The northern islands were part of the <a href="/wiki/Counties_of_Scotland" class="mw-redirect" title="Counties of Scotland">county</a> of <a href="/wiki/Inverness-shire" title="Inverness-shire">Inverness-shire</a> and are now in the <a href="/wiki/Highland_(local_government_area)" class="mw-redirect" title="Highland (local government area)">Highland Council</a> area. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Physical">Physical</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Inner_Hebrides&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Physical"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Inner_Hebrides" title="List of Inner Hebrides">List of Inner Hebrides</a></div> <p>The ten largest islands are as follows. </p> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="width:60%; border:0; text-align:left; line-height:150%;"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:10%;">Island </th> <th style="width:10%;">Gaelic name </th> <th style="width:5%;">Area (<a href="/wiki/Hectare" title="Hectare">ha</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-area_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-area-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th style="width:5%;">Population<sup id="cite_ref-NRS_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NRS-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th style="width:10%;">Highest point<sup id="cite_ref-high_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-high-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th style="width:5%;">Height (m)<sup id="cite_ref-OS_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OS-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th style="width:10%;">Gaelic Speakers </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Coll" title="Coll">Coll</a> </td> <td><i>Colla</i> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7003768500000000000♠">7,685</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7002195000000000000♠">195</span> </td> <td>Ben Hogh </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7002104000000000000♠">104</span> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Colonsay" title="Colonsay">Colonsay</a> </td> <td><i>Colbhasa</i> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7003407400000000000♠">4,074</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7002124000000000000♠">124</span> </td> <td>Carnan Eoin </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7002143000000000000♠">143</span> </td> <td>20.2% (15) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Eigg" title="Eigg">Eigg</a> </td> <td><i>Eige</i> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7003304900000000000♠">3,049</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7001830000000000000♠">83</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/An_Sgurr_(Eigg)" class="mw-redirect" title="An Sgurr (Eigg)">An Sgurr</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7002393000000000000♠">393</span> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Islay" title="Islay">Islay</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Ile !"><i>Ìle</i></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7004619560000000000♠">61,956</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7003322800000000000♠">3,228</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Beinn_Bheigeir" title="Beinn Bheigeir">Beinn Bheigeir</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7002491000000000000♠">491</span> </td> <td>19% (613) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Jura,_Scotland" title="Jura, Scotland">Jura</a> </td> <td><i>Diùra</i> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7004366920000000000♠">36,692</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7002196000000000000♠">196</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Beinn_an_%C3%92ir" title="Beinn an Òir">Beinn an Òir</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7002785000000000000♠">785</span> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Lismore,_Scotland" title="Lismore, Scotland">Lismore</a> </td> <td><i>Lios Mor</i> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7003235100000000000♠">2,351</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7002192000000000000♠">192</span> </td> <td>Barr Mòr </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7002127000000000000♠">127</span> </td> <td>26.9% (50) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Isle_of_Mull" title="Isle of Mull">Mull</a> </td> <td><i>Muile</i> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7004875350000000000♠">87,535</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7003280000000000000♠">2,800</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ben_More_(Mull)" title="Ben More (Mull)">Ben More</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7002966000000000000♠">966</span> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Raasay" title="Raasay">Raasay</a> </td> <td><i>Ratharsair</i> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7003623100000000000♠">6,231</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7002161000000000000♠">161</span> </td> <td>Dùn Caan </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7002444000000000000♠">444</span> </td> <td>30.4% (48) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/R%C3%B9m" title="Rùm">Rùm</a> </td> <td><i>Rùm</i> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7004104630000000000♠">10,463</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7001220000000000000♠">22</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Askival" title="Askival">Askival</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7002812000000000000♠">812</span> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Skye" class="mw-redirect" title="Skye">Skye</a> </td> <td><i>An t-Eilean Sgitheanach</i><br />or <i>Eilean a' Cheò</i> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7005165625000000000♠">165,625</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7004100080000000000♠">10,008</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sgurr_Alasdair" class="mw-redirect" title="Sgurr Alasdair">Sgurr Alasdair</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7002993000000000000♠">993</span> </td> <td>29.4% (2,942) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tiree" title="Tiree">Tiree</a> </td> <td><i>Tiriodh</i> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7003783400000000000♠">7,834</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7002653000000000000♠">653</span> </td> <td>Ben Hynish </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7002141000000000000♠">141</span> </td> <td>38.3% (250) </td></tr> <tr> <td>TOTAL </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7004189470000000000♠">18,947</span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>20.7% (3,918) </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><sup id="cite_ref-bbc_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bbc-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The geology and geomorphology of the islands is varied. Some, such as Skye and Mull, are mountainous, whilst others like <a href="/wiki/Tiree" title="Tiree">Tiree</a> are relatively low-lying. The highest mountains are the <a href="/wiki/Cuillin" title="Cuillin">Cuillins</a> of Skye, although peaks over 300 metres (980 ft) are common elsewhere.<sup id="cite_ref-HSTabs_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HSTabs-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Much of the coastline is <a href="/wiki/Machair_(geography)" class="mw-redirect" title="Machair (geography)">machair</a>, a fertile low-lying dune pastureland.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many of the islands are swept by strong tides, and the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Corryvreckan" title="Gulf of Corryvreckan">Corryvreckan tide race</a> between <a href="/wiki/Scarba" title="Scarba">Scarba</a> and Jura is one of the largest whirlpools in the world.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There are various smaller archipelagoes including the <a href="/wiki/Ascrib_Islands" title="Ascrib Islands">Ascrib Islands</a>, <a href="/wiki/Crowlin_Islands" title="Crowlin Islands">Crowlin Islands</a>, <a href="/wiki/Slate_Islands,_Scotland" title="Slate Islands, Scotland">Slate Islands</a>, <a href="/wiki/Small_Isles" title="Small Isles">Small Isles</a>, <a href="/wiki/Summer_Isles" title="Summer Isles">Summer Isles</a> and <a href="/wiki/Treshnish_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Treshnish Islands">Treshnish Islands</a>. </p><p>The islands are shown to be important as a region of tidal mixing of coastal water.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Human">Human</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Inner_Hebrides&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Human"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236656977">.mw-parser-output .abbr-header{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-bottom:none;background-color:lavender}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .caption-purple{background:inherit!important}}.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-top:none;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);padding:5px}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border-top:1px #a2a9b1 solid!important}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:none}}</style><table class="table-pale" style="width:15em;border-top-width:0;border-spacing: 0;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 0.5em;"><caption class="caption-purple" style="padding:0.25em;font-weight:bold">Historical population</caption><tbody><tr style="font-size:95%"><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;width:3em">Year</th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px 2px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Population" class="abbr-header">Pop.</abbr></th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Percent change" class="abbr-header">±%</abbr></th></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2001 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">18,257</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">—    </td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2011 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">18,948</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+3.8%</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="border-top:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);font-size:85%;text-align:left"><sup id="cite_ref-GRO_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GRO-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NRS_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NRS-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Laphroaig_Distillery.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Laphroaig_Distillery.jpg/220px-Laphroaig_Distillery.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Laphroaig_Distillery.jpg/330px-Laphroaig_Distillery.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Laphroaig_Distillery.jpg/440px-Laphroaig_Distillery.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Laphroaig" class="mw-redirect" title="Laphroaig">Laphroaig</a> distillery, <a href="/wiki/Islay" title="Islay">Islay</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The inhabited islands of the Inner Hebrides had a population of 18,257 at the 2001 census,<sup id="cite_ref-GRO_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GRO-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and this grew to 18,948 in 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-NRS_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NRS-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the same period <a href="/wiki/List_of_Scottish_islands" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Scottish islands">Scottish island</a> populations as a whole grew by 4% to 103,702.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are a further 44 uninhabited Inner Hebrides with an area greater than 30 ha (74 acres).<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>Note 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Records for the last date of settlement for the smaller islands are incomplete, but most of them were inhabited at some point during the <a href="/wiki/Neolithic" title="Neolithic">Neolithic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Iron_Age" title="Iron Age">Iron Age</a>, <a href="/wiki/Early_Middle_Ages" title="Early Middle Ages">Early Historic</a> or <a href="/wiki/Viking" class="mw-redirect" title="Viking">Norse</a> periods. In common with the other main island chains of Scotland, many of the smaller and more remote islands were abandoned during the 19th and 20th centuries, in some cases after continuous habitation since prehistoric times. These islands had been perceived as relatively self-sufficient agricultural economies,<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but a view developed among both islanders and outsiders that the more remote islands lacked the essential services of a modern industrial economy.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the populations of the larger islands grew overall by more than 12% from 1981 to 2001.<sup id="cite_ref-GRO_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GRO-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The main commercial activities are tourism, <a href="/wiki/Croft_(land)" title="Croft (land)">crofting</a>, fishing and <a href="/wiki/Scotch_whisky" title="Scotch whisky">whisky distilling</a> (centred on <a href="/wiki/Islay_whisky" class="mw-redirect" title="Islay whisky">Islay</a> but also including <a href="/wiki/Talisker_distillery" title="Talisker distillery">Talisker</a> in <a href="/wiki/Skye" class="mw-redirect" title="Skye">Skye</a>, <a href="/wiki/Isle_of_Jura_Single_Malt" class="mw-redirect" title="Isle of Jura Single Malt">Isle of Jura Single Malt</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tobermory_(distillery)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tobermory (distillery)">Tobermory and Ledaig</a> in <a href="/wiki/Isle_of_Mull" title="Isle of Mull">Mull</a>). Overall, the area is relatively reliant on primary industries and the public sector; there is a dependence on self-employment and micro-business, and most parts are defined by <a href="/wiki/Highlands_and_Islands_Enterprise" title="Highlands and Islands Enterprise">Highlands and Islands Enterprise</a> as economically "Fragile Areas". However, the islands are well placed to exploit renewable energy, particularly onshore and offshore wind; and the <a href="/wiki/Sleat" title="Sleat">Sleat</a> peninsula of Skye is an example of a more economically robust area.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some of the islands have <a href="/wiki/Development_trust" title="Development trust">development trusts</a> that support the local economy.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climate">Climate</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Inner_Hebrides&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Climate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The influence of the Atlantic Ocean and the <a href="/wiki/North_Atlantic_Current" title="North Atlantic Current">North Atlantic Current</a> creates a mild oceanic climate. Temperatures are generally cool, averaging 6.5 °C (44 °F) in January and 15.4 °C (60 °F) in July at Duntulm on the <a href="/wiki/Trotternish" title="Trotternish">Trotternish</a> peninsula of Skye.<sup id="cite_ref-Cooper_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cooper-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Snow seldom lies at sea level and frosts are fewer than on the mainland. Winds are a limiting factor for vegetation: a speed of 128 km/h (80 mph) has been recorded; south-westerlies are the most common. Rainfall is generally high at between 1,300 and 2,000 millimetres (51 and 79 inches) per annum, and the mountains and hills are wetter still.<sup id="cite_ref-WHM147_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WHM147-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tiree is one of the sunniest places in the country and had 300 days of sunshine in 1975. Trotternish typically has 200 hours of bright sunshine in May, the sunniest month.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for Duntulm, Skye </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFF1E3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.5<br />(43.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFF0E2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.6<br />(43.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFE6CD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.1<br />(46.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFDBB8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.6<br />(49.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFC892; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.4<br />(54.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFBB77; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.3<br />(57.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFB368; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.4<br />(59.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFB164; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.7<br />(60.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFBC79; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.2<br />(57.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFCE9E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.5<br />(52.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFDFBF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.1<br />(48.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFE9D4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.6<br />(45.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFD2A6; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">10.9<br />(51.6) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #F3F3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.4<br />(36.3) </td> <td style="background: #F2F2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.2<br />(36.0) </td> <td style="background: #F8F8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.3<br />(37.9) </td> <td style="background: #FDFDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.3<br />(39.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFF1E3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.5<br />(43.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFE2C5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.7<br />(47.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFD6AD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.4<br />(50.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFD4A9; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.7<br />(51.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFDDBB; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.4<br />(48.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFECD9; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.2<br />(45.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFAF6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.1<br />(41.2) </td> <td style="background: #FAFAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.6<br />(38.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFF3E7; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">6.2<br />(43.2) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #2222FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">148<br />(5.84) </td> <td style="background: #5B5BFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">100<br />(3.93) </td> <td style="background: #8484FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">82<br />(3.24) </td> <td style="background: #7A7AFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">86<br />(3.40) </td> <td style="background: #9292FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">73<br />(2.87) </td> <td style="background: #7C7CFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">85<br />(3.35) </td> <td style="background: #6E6EFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">97<br />(3.83) </td> <td style="background: #5858FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">112<br />(4.41) </td> <td style="background: #3939FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">128<br />(5.05) </td> <td style="background: #1C1CFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">152<br />(6.00) </td> <td style="background: #2222FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">143<br />(5.63) </td> <td style="background: #2B2BFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">142<br />(5.58) </td> <td style="background: #5454FF; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">1,350<br />(53.13) </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source: <sup id="cite_ref-Cooper_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cooper-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Prehistory">Prehistory</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Inner_Hebrides&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Prehistory"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dun_Ringill.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Dun_Ringill.jpg/220px-Dun_Ringill.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="121" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Dun_Ringill.jpg/330px-Dun_Ringill.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Dun_Ringill.jpg/440px-Dun_Ringill.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2050" data-file-height="1126" /></a><figcaption>The ruins of <a href="/wiki/Dun_Ringill" title="Dun Ringill">Dun Ringill</a>, near <a href="/wiki/Elgol" title="Elgol">Elgol</a> on the island of <a href="/wiki/Skye" class="mw-redirect" title="Skye">Skye</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The Hebrides were originally settled in the <a href="/wiki/Mesolithic" title="Mesolithic">Mesolithic era</a> and have a diversity of <a href="/wiki/Prehistory" title="Prehistory">prehistoric</a> sites. A flint arrowhead found in a field near <a href="/wiki/Bridgend,_Islay" title="Bridgend, Islay">Bridgend</a>, Islay has been dated to 10,800 BCE. This find may indicate the presence of a summer hunting party rather than permanent settlement.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Burnt <a href="/wiki/Corylus_avellana" title="Corylus avellana">hazelnut</a> shells and microscopic <a href="/wiki/Charcoal" title="Charcoal">charcoal</a> found at Farm Fields, <a href="/wiki/Kinloch,_R%C3%B9m" title="Kinloch, Rùm">Kinloch</a> on Rùm indicate a settlement of some kind and this is amongst the oldest evidence of occupation in Scotland.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Evidence of large-scale <a href="/wiki/Mesolithic" title="Mesolithic">Mesolithic</a> nut processing, <a href="/wiki/Radiocarbon_dating" title="Radiocarbon dating">radiocarbon dated</a> to circa 7000 BCE, has been found in a <a href="/wiki/Midden" title="Midden">midden</a> pit at Staosnaig on Colonsay. The dig discovered the remains of hundreds of thousands of burned hazelnut shells<sup id="cite_ref-Nuts1_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nuts1-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Moff_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Moff-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and gives an insight into communal activity and forward planning in the period. The nuts were harvested in a single year and <a href="/wiki/Pollen_analysis" class="mw-redirect" title="Pollen analysis">pollen analysis</a> suggests that the <a href="/wiki/Hazel" title="Hazel">hazel</a> trees were all cut down at the same time.<sup id="cite_ref-Moff_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Moff-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The scale of the activity, unparalleled elsewhere in Scotland, and the lack of large game on the island, suggests the possibility that Colonsay contained a community with a largely vegetarian diet for the time they spent on the island.<sup id="cite_ref-Nuts1_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nuts1-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Three stone <a href="/wiki/Hearth" title="Hearth">hearths</a> and traces of red <a href="/wiki/Ochre" title="Ochre">ochre</a> found on Jura and dated to 6000 BCE are the earliest stone-built structures found so far in Scotland.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, in general the <a href="/wiki/Neolithic" title="Neolithic">Neolithic</a> sites in the Inner Hebrides lack the scale and drama of those found in Orkney and the Western Isles.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>Note 2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are numerous <a href="/wiki/Iron_Age" title="Iron Age">Iron Age</a> sites including the remains of <a href="/wiki/Dun_Ringill" title="Dun Ringill">Dun Ringill</a> fort on Skye, which are similar in layout to that of both a <a href="/wiki/Broch" title="Broch">broch</a> and a complex <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_roundhouse" title="Atlantic roundhouse">Atlantic roundhouse</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Inner_Hebrides&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Blaeu.1654.submap.Ptolemy.Damnij.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Blaeu.1654.submap.Ptolemy.Damnij.jpg/220px-Blaeu.1654.submap.Ptolemy.Damnij.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Blaeu.1654.submap.Ptolemy.Damnij.jpg/330px-Blaeu.1654.submap.Ptolemy.Damnij.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Blaeu.1654.submap.Ptolemy.Damnij.jpg/440px-Blaeu.1654.submap.Ptolemy.Damnij.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1584" data-file-height="940" /></a><figcaption>"Old Britain" as shown on <a href="/wiki/Willem_Blaeu" title="Willem Blaeu">Blaeu's</a> 1654 atlas of Scotland, based on <a href="/wiki/Ptolemy" title="Ptolemy">Ptolemy</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>The earliest extant written reference to these islands appears in <a href="/wiki/Pliny_the_Elder" title="Pliny the Elder">Pliny the Elder</a>'s <i>Natural History</i>, where he states that there are 30 "Hebudes". <a href="/wiki/Ptolemy" title="Ptolemy">Ptolemy</a>, writing about 80 years later, around AD 140-150 and drawing on the earlier naval expedition of <a href="/wiki/Gnaeus_Julius_Agricola" title="Gnaeus Julius Agricola">Agricola</a>, refers to the Ἐβοῦδαι ("Eboudai") ("Ebudes" or "Ebudae" in Latin translation) of which he writes that there were only five, thus possibly specifically meaning the Inner Hebrides.<sup id="cite_ref-Breeze_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Breeze-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Watson_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Watson-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pliny probably took his information from <a href="/wiki/Pytheas" title="Pytheas">Pytheas</a> of <a href="/wiki/Massilia" class="mw-redirect" title="Massilia">Massilia</a> who visited Britain sometime between 322 and 285 BCE. It is possible that Ptolemy did so also, as Agricola's information about the west coast of Scotland was of poor quality.<sup id="cite_ref-Breeze_36-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Breeze-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Watson_37-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Watson-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Watson (1926) states that the meaning of Ptolemy's "Eboudai" is unknown and that the root may be pre-Celtic.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>Note 3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other early written references include the flight of the <a href="/wiki/Nemed" title="Nemed">Nemed</a> people from Ireland to "Domon and to Erdomon in the north of Alba", which is mentioned in the 12th century <i><a href="/wiki/Lebor_Gab%C3%A1la_%C3%89renn" title="Lebor Gabála Érenn">Lebor Gabála Érenn</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Watson_37-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Watson-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Domon, meaning the "deep sea isle" refers to the Outer Hebrides and Erdomon, meaning "east of, on or near Domon" is thus the Inner Hebrides.<sup id="cite_ref-Watson_37-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Watson-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The individual island and place names in the Outer Hebrides have mixed Gaelic and Norse origins.<sup id="cite_ref-MacanT_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MacanT-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Inner_Hebrides&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dál_Riata"><span id="D.C3.A1l_Riata"></span>Dál Riata</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Inner_Hebrides&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Dál Riata"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/D%C3%A1l_Riata" title="Dál Riata">Dál Riata</a></div> <p>Although Ptolemy's map identifies various tribes such as the <i><a href="/wiki/Creones" title="Creones">Creones</a></i> that might conceivably have lived in the Inner Hebrides in the Roman era,<sup id="cite_ref-Breeze_36-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Breeze-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the first written records of life begin in the 6th century CE when the founding of the kingdom of <a href="/wiki/D%C3%A1l_Riata" title="Dál Riata">Dál Riata</a> is recorded.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This encompassed roughly what is now <a href="/wiki/Argyll_and_Bute" title="Argyll and Bute">Argyll and Bute</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lochaber" title="Lochaber">Lochaber</a> in Scotland and <a href="/wiki/County_Antrim" title="County Antrim">County Antrim</a> in Ireland.<sup id="cite_ref-OxfordCompanion1_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OxfordCompanion1-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:St_Martins_Cross_on_Iona.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/St_Martins_Cross_on_Iona.jpg/220px-St_Martins_Cross_on_Iona.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="295" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/St_Martins_Cross_on_Iona.jpg/330px-St_Martins_Cross_on_Iona.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/St_Martins_Cross_on_Iona.jpg/440px-St_Martins_Cross_on_Iona.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1789" data-file-height="2396" /></a><figcaption>The eighth century St Martin's Cross on <a href="/wiki/Iona" title="Iona">Iona</a></figcaption></figure> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Argyll" title="Argyll">Argyll</a> it consisted initially of three main <a href="/wiki/Clan" title="Clan">kindreds</a>: <a href="/wiki/Loarn_mac_Eirc" title="Loarn mac Eirc">Cenél Loairn</a> in north and mid-Argyll, <a href="/wiki/Cen%C3%A9l_n%C3%93engusa" title="Cenél nÓengusa">Cenél nÓengusa</a> based on Islay and <a href="/wiki/Cen%C3%A9l_nGabr%C3%A1in" title="Cenél nGabráin">Cenél nGabráin</a> based in <a href="/wiki/Kintyre" title="Kintyre">Kintyre</a>. By the end of the 7th century a fourth kindred, <a href="/wiki/Cen%C3%A9l_Comgaill" class="mw-redirect" title="Cenél Comgaill">Cenél Comgaill</a> had emerged, based in eastern Argyll.<sup id="cite_ref-OxfordCompanion1_43-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OxfordCompanion1-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The figure of <a href="/wiki/Columba" title="Columba">Columba</a> looms large in any history of Dál Riata and his founding of a monastery on <a href="/wiki/Iona" title="Iona">Iona</a> ensured that Dál Riata would be of great importance in the spread of Christianity in northern Britain. However, Iona was far from unique. <a href="/wiki/Lismore,_Scotland" title="Lismore, Scotland">Lismore</a> in the territory of the Cenél Loairn, was sufficiently important for the death of its abbots to be recorded with some frequency and many smaller sites, such as on Eigg, <a href="/wiki/Hinba" title="Hinba">Hinba</a> and Tiree, are known from the annals.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The kingdom's independent existence ended in the <a href="/wiki/Viking_Age" title="Viking Age">Viking Age</a>, and it eventually merged with the lands of the <a href="/wiki/Picts" title="Picts">Picts</a> to form the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Alba" title="Kingdom of Alba">Kingdom of Alba</a>. </p><p>North of Dál Riata the Inner Hebrides were nominally under Pictish control although the historical record is sparse.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>Note 4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Norse_rule">Norse rule</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Inner_Hebrides&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Norse rule"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Mann_and_the_Isles" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Mann and the Isles">Kingdom of Mann and the Isles</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:KellsFol032vChristEnthroned.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/KellsFol032vChristEnthroned.jpg/220px-KellsFol032vChristEnthroned.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="287" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/KellsFol032vChristEnthroned.jpg/330px-KellsFol032vChristEnthroned.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/KellsFol032vChristEnthroned.jpg/440px-KellsFol032vChristEnthroned.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1484" data-file-height="1934" /></a><figcaption>Folio 32v of the <i><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Kells" title="Book of Kells">Book of Kells</a></i> which may have been produced by the monks of <a href="/wiki/Iona" title="Iona">Iona</a> and taken to Ireland for safekeeping after repeated Viking raids of the <a href="/wiki/Hebrides" title="Hebrides">Hebrides</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>According to Ó Corráin (1998) "when and how the Vikings conquered and occupied the Isles is unknown, perhaps unknowable"<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> although from 793 onwards repeated raids by Vikings on the British Isles are recorded. "All the islands of Britain" were devastated in 794<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with Iona being sacked in 802 and 806.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 870 <a href="/wiki/Dumbarton_Castle" title="Dumbarton Castle">Dumbarton</a> was besieged by <a href="/wiki/Amla%C3%ADb_Conung" title="Amlaíb Conung">Amlaíb Conung</a> and Ímar, "the two kings of the Northmen".<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is therefore likely that Scandinavian hegemony was already significant on the western coasts of Scotland by then.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the 9th century the first references to the <i><a href="/wiki/Norse-Gaels" class="mw-redirect" title="Norse-Gaels">Gallgáedil</a></i> (i.e. "foreign Gaels") appear. This term was variously used in succeeding centuries to refer to individuals of mixed Scandinavian-Celtic descent and/or culture who became dominant in south-west Scotland, parts of <a href="/wiki/Northern_England" title="Northern England">Northern England</a> and the isles.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The early 10th century are an obscure period so far as the Hebrides are concerned<sup id="cite_ref-G4-6_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-G4-6-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but <a href="/wiki/Amla%C3%ADb_Cuar%C3%A1n" title="Amlaíb Cuarán">Aulaf mac Sitric</a>, who fought at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Brunanburh" title="Battle of Brunanburh">Battle of Brunanburh</a> in 937 is recorded as a King of the Isles from c. 941 to 980.<sup id="cite_ref-G4-6_53-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-G4-6-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It is difficult to reconcile the records of the Irish annals with Norse sources such as the <i><a href="/wiki/Orkneyinga_Saga" class="mw-redirect" title="Orkneyinga Saga">Orkneyinga Saga</a></i> but it is likely that Norwegian and <i>Gallgáedil</i> <a href="/wiki/U%C3%AD_%C3%8Dmair" title="Uí Ímair">Uí Ímair</a> warlords fought for control for much of period from the 9th to the 12th centuries. In 990 <a href="/wiki/Sigurd_the_Stout" title="Sigurd the Stout">Sigurd the Stout</a>, Earl of Orkney took command of the Hebrides,<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a position he retained for most of the period until he was killed at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Clontarf" title="Battle of Clontarf">Battle of Clontarf</a> in 1014.<sup id="cite_ref-G4-6_53-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-G4-6-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There is then a period of uncertainty but it is possible that Sigurd's son <a href="/wiki/Thorfinn_the_Mighty" title="Thorfinn the Mighty">Thorfinn the Mighty</a> became ruler circa 1035 until his own death some two decades later.<sup id="cite_ref-G5_56-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-G5-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By the late 12th century Irish influence became a significant feature of island life and <a href="/wiki/Diarmait_mac_Ma%C3%ADl_na_mB%C3%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="Diarmait mac Maíl na mBó">Diarmait mac Maíl na mBó</a>, the <a href="/wiki/High_King_of_Ireland" title="High King of Ireland">High King of Ireland</a> took possession of Mann and the Isles until 1072.<sup id="cite_ref-G5_56-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-G5-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-D101_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-D101-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The records for the rulers of the Hebrides are obscured again until the arrival of <a href="/wiki/Godred_Crovan" title="Godred Crovan">Godred Crovan</a> as King of Dublin and the Isles.<sup id="cite_ref-D108_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-D108-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The ancestor of many of the succeeding rulers of Mann and the Isles, he was eventually ousted by <a href="/wiki/Muirchertach_Ua_Briain" title="Muirchertach Ua Briain">Muirchertach Ua Briain</a> and fled to Islay, where he died in the plague of 1095.<sup id="cite_ref-D108_58-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-D108-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-D106_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-D106-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-W2p212_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-W2p212-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is not clear the extent to which <a href="/wiki/O%27Brien_dynasty" title="O'Brien dynasty">Ui Briain</a> dominance was now asserted in the islands north of Man, but growing Irish influence in these seas brought a rapid and decisive response from Norway. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kong-magnus-berrfott-menn.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Kong-magnus-berrfott-menn.jpg/220px-Kong-magnus-berrfott-menn.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="239" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Kong-magnus-berrfott-menn.jpg/330px-Kong-magnus-berrfott-menn.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Kong-magnus-berrfott-menn.jpg/440px-Kong-magnus-berrfott-menn.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="760" /></a><figcaption>19th-century depiction of Magnus Barelegs's forces in Ireland, before his death in 1103.</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Magnus_III_of_Norway" class="mw-redirect" title="Magnus III of Norway">Magnus Barelegs</a> had re-established direct Norwegian overlordship by 1098.<sup id="cite_ref-D106_59-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-D106-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A second expedition in 1102 saw incursions into Ireland but in August 1103 he was killed fighting in Ulster.<sup id="cite_ref-D110_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-D110-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The next king of the isles was <a href="/wiki/Lagmann_Godredsson" class="mw-redirect" title="Lagmann Godredsson">Lagmann Godredsson</a> and there followed a succession of Godred Crovan's descendants who, (as vassals of the kings of Norway) ruled the Hebrides north of <a href="/wiki/Ardnamurchan" title="Ardnamurchan">Ardnamurchan</a> for the next 160 years. However, their control of the southern Inner Hebrides was lost with the emergence of <a href="/wiki/Somerled" title="Somerled">Somerled</a>, the self-styled Lord of Argyle.<sup id="cite_ref-G917_63-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-G917-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-H104_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-H104-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>Note 5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>For a while Somerled took control of Mann and the Hebrides <i>in toto</i>, but he met his death in 1164 during an invasion of the Scottish mainland.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At this point <a href="/wiki/Godred_V_of_the_Isle_of_Man" class="mw-redirect" title="Godred V of the Isle of Man">Godred the Black</a>, grandson of Godred Crovan re-took possession of the northern Hebrides and the southern isles were distributed amongst Somerled's sons, his descendants eventually becoming known as the <a href="/wiki/Lord_of_the_Isles" title="Lord of the Isles">Lords of the Isles</a>, and giving rise to <a href="/wiki/Clan_MacDougall" title="Clan MacDougall">Clan MacDougall</a>, <a href="/wiki/Clan_Donald" title="Clan Donald">Clan Donald</a> and <a href="/wiki/Clan_Macruari" class="mw-redirect" title="Clan Macruari">Clan Macruari</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, both during and after Somerled's life the Scottish monarchs sought to take a control of the islands he and his descendants held. This strategy eventually led to an invasion by <a href="/wiki/Haakon_IV_of_Norway" class="mw-redirect" title="Haakon IV of Norway">Haakon Haakonarson</a>, King of Norway. After the stalemate of the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Largs" title="Battle of Largs">Battle of Largs</a>, Haakon retreated to Orkney, where he died in 1263. Following this expedition, the Hebrides and Mann and all rights that the Norwegian crown "had of old therein" were yielded to the Kingdom of Scotland as a result of the 1266 <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Perth" title="Treaty of Perth">Treaty of Perth</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Clans_and_Scottish_rule">Clans and Scottish rule</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Inner_Hebrides&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Clans and Scottish rule"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Lords of the Isles, a phrase first recorded in 1336,<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but which title may have been used earlier, would continue to rule the Inner Hebrides as well as part of the Western Highlands as subjects of the King of Scots until <a href="/wiki/John_of_Islay,_Earl_of_Ross" title="John of Islay, Earl of Ross">John MacDonald</a>, fourth Lord of the Isles, squandered the family's powerful position. Through a secret treaty with <a href="/wiki/Edward_IV_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Edward IV of England">Edward IV of England</a>, negotiated at <a href="/wiki/Ardtornish_Castle" title="Ardtornish Castle">Ardtornish Castle</a> and signed in 1462, he made himself a servant of the English crown. When <a href="/wiki/James_III_of_Scotland" title="James III of Scotland">James III of Scotland</a> found out about the treaty in 1476, he issued a sentence of forfeiture for MacDonald's lands. Some were restored for a promise of good behaviour, but MacDonald was unable to control his son <a href="/wiki/Aonghas_%C3%93g" title="Aonghas Óg">Aonghas Óg</a>, who defeated him at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bloody_Bay" title="Battle of Bloody Bay">Battle of Bloody Bay</a>, fought off the coast of Mull near <a href="/wiki/Tobermory,_Mull" title="Tobermory, Mull">Tobermory</a> in 1481. A further rebellion by his nephew, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alexander_of_Lochalsh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alexander of Lochalsh (page does not exist)">Alexander of Lochalsh</a>, provoked an exasperated James IV to forfeit the lands for the last time in 1493.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Floramacdonald2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Floramacdonald2.jpg/220px-Floramacdonald2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="270" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Floramacdonald2.jpg/330px-Floramacdonald2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Floramacdonald2.jpg/440px-Floramacdonald2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="521" data-file-height="640" /></a><figcaption>Portrait of <a href="/wiki/Flora_MacDonald_(Scottish_Jacobite)" class="mw-redirect" title="Flora MacDonald (Scottish Jacobite)">Flora MacDonald</a> by <a href="/wiki/Allan_Ramsay_(artist)" title="Allan Ramsay (artist)">Alan Ramsay</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The most powerful clans on Skye in the post-Norse period were <a href="/wiki/Clan_MacLeod" title="Clan MacLeod">Clan MacLeod</a>, originally based in <a href="/wiki/Trotternish" title="Trotternish">Trotternish</a>, and Clan MacDonald of <a href="/wiki/Sleat" title="Sleat">Sleat</a>. Following the disintegration of the Lordship of the Isles, the Mackinnons also emerged as an independent clan, whose substantial landholdings in Skye were centred on <a href="/wiki/Strathaird" title="Strathaird">Strathaird</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The MacDonalds of <a href="/wiki/South_Uist" title="South Uist">South Uist</a> were bitter rivals of the MacLeods, and an attempt by the former to murder church-goers at <a href="/wiki/Trumpan_Church" title="Trumpan Church">Trumpan</a> in retaliation for a previous massacre on Eigg, resulted in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Spoiling_Dyke" title="Battle of the Spoiling Dyke">Battle of the Spoiling Dyke</a> of 1578.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After the failure of the <a href="/wiki/Jacobitism" title="Jacobitism">Jacobite</a> rebellion of 1745, <a href="/wiki/Flora_MacDonald_(Scottish_Jacobite)" class="mw-redirect" title="Flora MacDonald (Scottish Jacobite)">Flora MacDonald</a> became famous for rescuing Prince <a href="/wiki/Charles_Edward_Stuart" title="Charles Edward Stuart">Charles Edward Stuart</a> from the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Hanover" title="House of Hanover">Hanoverian</a> troops. Her story is strongly associated with their escape via Skye and she is buried at <a href="/wiki/Kilmuir,_Skye" title="Kilmuir, Skye">Kilmuir</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She was visited by <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Johnson" title="Samuel Johnson">Samuel Johnson</a> and <a href="/wiki/James_Boswell" title="James Boswell">James Boswell</a> during their 1773 <a href="/wiki/A_Journey_to_the_Western_Islands_of_Scotland" title="A Journey to the Western Islands of Scotland"><i>Journey to the Western Islands of Scotland</i></a> and written on her gravestone are Johnson's words that hers was "A name that will be mentioned in history, and if courage and fidelity be virtues, mentioned with honour".<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the wake of the rebellion the clan system was broken up and islands of the Hebrides became a series of landed estates. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="British_era">British era</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Inner_Hebrides&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: British era"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Clachan_Bridge.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Clachan_Bridge.jpg/220px-Clachan_Bridge.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="179" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Clachan_Bridge.jpg/330px-Clachan_Bridge.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Clachan_Bridge.jpg/440px-Clachan_Bridge.jpg 2x" data-file-width="585" data-file-height="475" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Telford" title="Thomas Telford">Telford's</a> <a href="/wiki/Clachan_Bridge" title="Clachan Bridge">Clachan Bridge</a> between the mainland and <a href="/wiki/Seil" title="Seil">Seil</a>, also known as the "Bridge across the Atlantic", was built in 1792.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>With the implementation of the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Union" title="Treaty of Union">Treaty of Union</a> in 1707 the Hebrides became part of the new <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Great_Britain" title="Kingdom of Great Britain">Kingdom of Great Britain</a>, but the clans' loyalties to a distant monarch were not strong. A considerable number of islesmen "came out" in support of the Jacobite <a href="/wiki/Earl_of_Mar" title="Earl of Mar">Earl of Mar</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Jacobite_rising_of_1715" title="Jacobite rising of 1715">"15"</a> and again in the <a href="/wiki/Jacobite_rising_of_1745" title="Jacobite rising of 1745">1745 rising</a> including Macleod of <a href="/wiki/Dunvegan" title="Dunvegan">Dunvegan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Clan_MacLea" class="mw-redirect" title="Clan MacLea">MacLea</a> of Lismore.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The aftermath of the decisive <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Culloden" title="Battle of Culloden">Battle of Culloden</a>, which effectively ended Jacobite hopes of a Stuart restoration, was widely felt.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The British government's strategy was to estrange the clan chiefs from their kinsmen and turn their descendants into English-speaking landlords whose main concern was the revenues their estates brought rather than the welfare of those who lived on them. This may have brought peace to the islands, but in the following century it came at a terrible price.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The early 19th century was a time of improvement and population growth. Roads and quays were built, the <a href="/wiki/Slate" title="Slate">slate</a> industry became a significant employer on Easdale and surrounding islands, and the construction of the <a href="/wiki/Crinan_Canal" title="Crinan Canal">Crinan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Caledonian_Canal" title="Caledonian Canal">Caledonian</a> canals and other engineering works such as <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Telford" title="Thomas Telford">Telford's</a> "<a href="/wiki/Clachan_Bridge" title="Clachan Bridge">Bridge across the Atlantic</a>" improved transport and access.<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, in the mid-19th century, the inhabitants of many parts of the Hebrides were devastated by the <a href="/wiki/Highland_Clearances" title="Highland Clearances">clearances</a>, which destroyed communities throughout the <a href="/wiki/Highlands_and_Islands" title="Highlands and Islands">Highlands and Islands</a> as the human populations were evicted and replaced with sheep farms.<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The position was exacerbated by the failure of the islands' <a href="/wiki/Kelp" title="Kelp">kelp</a> industry that thrived from the 18th century until the end of the <a href="/wiki/Napoleonic_Wars" title="Napoleonic Wars">Napoleonic Wars</a> in 1815<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and large scale emigration became endemic. The "<a href="/wiki/Camastianavaig" title="Camastianavaig">Battle of the Braes</a>" involved a demonstration against lack of access to land and the serving of eviction notices. This event was instrumental in the creation of the <a href="/wiki/Napier_Commission" title="Napier Commission">Napier Commission</a>, which reported in 1884 on the situation in the Highlands. Disturbances continued until the passing of the 1886 <a href="/wiki/Crofters%27_Holdings_(Scotland)_Act_1886" class="mw-redirect" title="Crofters' Holdings (Scotland) Act 1886">Crofters' Act</a> and on one occasion 400 <a href="/wiki/Marine_(military)" class="mw-redirect" title="Marine (military)">marines</a> were deployed on Skye to maintain order.<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ellenabeich_-_geograph.org.uk_-_95384.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Ellenabeich_-_geograph.org.uk_-_95384.jpg/220px-Ellenabeich_-_geograph.org.uk_-_95384.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Ellenabeich_-_geograph.org.uk_-_95384.jpg/330px-Ellenabeich_-_geograph.org.uk_-_95384.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Ellenabeich_-_geograph.org.uk_-_95384.jpg/440px-Ellenabeich_-_geograph.org.uk_-_95384.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="426" /></a><figcaption>Sea filled <a href="/wiki/Slate" title="Slate">slate</a> quarries on <a href="/wiki/Seil" title="Seil">Seil</a> (foreground) and <a href="/wiki/Easdale" title="Easdale">Easdale</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Slate_Islands,_Scotland" title="Slate Islands, Scotland">Slate Islands</a></figcaption></figure> <p>For those who remained new economic opportunities emerged through the export of cattle, commercial fishing and tourism.<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nonetheless emigration and military service became the choice of many<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the archipelago's populations continued to dwindle throughout the late 19th and 20th centuries. Jura's population fell from 1300 in 1831 to less than 250 by 1961 and Mull's from 10,600 in 1821 to less than 3,000 in 1931.<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lengthy periods of continuous occupation notwithstanding, some of the smaller islands were abandoned – the Treshnish Isles in 1934, <a href="/wiki/Handa,_Scotland" class="mw-redirect" title="Handa, Scotland">Handa</a> in 1948, and <a href="/wiki/Island_Macaskin" title="Island Macaskin">Eilean Macaskin</a> in the 1880s among them.<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Nonetheless, there were continuing gradual economic improvements, among the most visible of which was the replacement of the traditional thatched <a href="/wiki/Blackhouse" title="Blackhouse">blackhouse</a> with accommodation of a more modern design<sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and in recent years, with the assistance of <a href="/wiki/Highlands_and_Islands_Enterprise" title="Highlands and Islands Enterprise">Highlands and Islands Enterprise</a> many of the island's populations have begun to increase after decades of decline.<sup id="cite_ref-GRO_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GRO-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transport">Transport</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Inner_Hebrides&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Transport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dubh_artach.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Dubh_artach.jpg/220px-Dubh_artach.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Dubh_artach.jpg/330px-Dubh_artach.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Dubh_artach.jpg/440px-Dubh_artach.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1180" data-file-height="713" /></a><figcaption><i>Dhu Heartach Lighthouse, During Construction</i> by <a href="/wiki/Sam_Bough" title="Sam Bough">Sam Bough</a> (1822–1878)</figcaption></figure> <p>Scheduled <a href="/wiki/Ferry" title="Ferry">ferry</a> services between the Inner Hebrides and the Scottish mainland operate on various routes including: <a href="/wiki/Tayinloan" title="Tayinloan">Tayinloan</a>, Kintyre to <a href="/wiki/Gigha" title="Gigha">Gigha</a>; <a href="/wiki/Kennacraig" title="Kennacraig">Kennacraig</a>, Kintyre to Islay; <a href="/wiki/Oban" title="Oban">Oban</a> to Mull, Coll and Tiree and Colonsay; <a href="/wiki/Mallaig" title="Mallaig">Mallaig</a> to <a href="/wiki/Armadale,_Isle_of_Skye" class="mw-redirect" title="Armadale, Isle of Skye">Armadale</a>, Skye and Eigg, <a href="/wiki/Muck,_Scotland" title="Muck, Scotland">Muck</a>, Rùm & <a href="/wiki/Canna,_Scotland" title="Canna, Scotland">Canna</a>; and <a href="/wiki/Glenelg,_Highland" title="Glenelg, Highland">Glenelg</a> to Kyle Rhea on the <a href="/wiki/Sleat" title="Sleat">Sleat</a> peninsula, Skye. </p><p>Some ferries reach the Inner Hebrides from other islands such as the <a href="/wiki/Seil" title="Seil">Seil</a> to <a href="/wiki/Luing" title="Luing">Luing</a> route, <a href="/wiki/Fionnphort" title="Fionnphort">Fionnphort</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Ross_of_Mull" title="Ross of Mull">Ross of Mull</a> to Iona, <a href="/wiki/Sconser" title="Sconser">Sconser</a> to Raasay and <a href="/wiki/Port_Askaig" title="Port Askaig">Port Askaig</a> to <a href="/wiki/Feolin" title="Feolin">Feolin</a>, Jura. There is also a service to and from the Outer Hebrides from <a href="/wiki/Tarbert,_Harris" title="Tarbert, Harris">Tarbert, Harris</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lochmaddy" title="Lochmaddy">Lochmaddy</a> on <a href="/wiki/North_Uist" title="North Uist">North Uist</a> to <a href="/wiki/Uig,_Snizort" title="Uig, Snizort">Uig, Skye</a> and from <a href="/wiki/Castlebay" title="Castlebay">Castlebay</a>, Barra to <a href="/wiki/Tiree" title="Tiree">Tiree</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>National Rail services are available for onward journeys, from stations at <a href="/wiki/Oban" title="Oban">Oban</a>, which has direct services to <a href="/wiki/Glasgow" title="Glasgow">Glasgow</a> and from <a href="/wiki/Kyle_of_Lochalsh" title="Kyle of Lochalsh">Kyle of Lochalsh</a> to <a href="/wiki/Inverness" title="Inverness">Inverness</a>. There are scheduled flights from <a href="/wiki/Colonsay_Airport" title="Colonsay Airport">Colonsay Airport</a>, <a href="/wiki/Islay_Airport" title="Islay Airport">Islay Airport</a> near <a href="/wiki/Port_Ellen" title="Port Ellen">Port Ellen</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tiree_Airport" title="Tiree Airport">Tiree Airport</a>. </p><p>The archipelago is exposed to wind and tide, and there are numerous sites of wrecked ships. <a href="/wiki/Lighthouse" title="Lighthouse">Lighthouses</a> are sited as an aid to navigation at various locations.<sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Dubh_Artach" title="Dubh Artach">Dubh Artach</a> lighthouse is located on a remote rock and warns seafarers away from the area itself and the nearby <a href="/wiki/Torran_Rocks" title="Torran Rocks">Torran Rocks</a>. Originally it was considered to be an impossible site for a light, but the loss of the steamer <i>Bussorah</i> with all thirty-three hands on her maiden voyage in 1863 and of an astonishing 24 vessels in the area in a storm on 30–31 December 1865 encouraged positive action.<sup id="cite_ref-Bath_96-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bath-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Skerryvore" title="Skerryvore">Skerryvore</a> is another remote lighthouse in the vicinity and at a height of 48 metres (157 feet) it is the tallest in Scotland.<sup id="cite_ref-NLBH_98-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NLBH-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gaelic_language">Gaelic language</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Inner_Hebrides&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Gaelic language"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Scots_Gaelic_speakers_in_the_2011_census.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Scots_Gaelic_speakers_in_the_2011_census.png/220px-Scots_Gaelic_speakers_in_the_2011_census.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="326" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Scots_Gaelic_speakers_in_the_2011_census.png/330px-Scots_Gaelic_speakers_in_the_2011_census.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Scots_Gaelic_speakers_in_the_2011_census.png/440px-Scots_Gaelic_speakers_in_the_2011_census.png 2x" data-file-width="9969" data-file-height="14790" /></a><figcaption>Geographic distribution of Gaelic speakers in Scotland (2011)</figcaption></figure> <p>There are about 4,000 Gaelic speakers in the Inner Hebrides, equal to 20% of the population of the archipelago. </p><p>There have been speakers of <a href="/wiki/Goidelic_languages" title="Goidelic languages">Goidelic languages</a> in the Inner Hebrides since the time of Columba or before, and the modern variant of <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Gaelic" title="Scottish Gaelic">Scottish Gaelic</a> (<i>Gàidhlig</i>) remains strong in some parts. However, the Education (Scotland) Act 1872 led to generations of Gaels being forbidden to speak their native language in the classroom, and is now recognised as having dealt a major blow to the language. Children were being beaten for speaking Gaelic in school as late as the 1930s.<sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> More recently the <a href="/wiki/Gaelic_Language_(Scotland)_Act_2005" title="Gaelic Language (Scotland) Act 2005">Gaelic Language (Scotland) Act</a> was enacted by the <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Parliament" title="Scottish Parliament">Scottish Parliament</a> in 2005 in order to provide continuing support for the language.<sup id="cite_ref-about_100-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-about-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By the time of the 2001 census <a href="/wiki/Kilmuir,_Skye" title="Kilmuir, Skye">Kilmuir</a> parish in Skye had 47% Gaelic speakers, with Skye overall having an unevenly distributed 31%. At that time Tiree had 48% of the population Gaelic-speaking, Lismore 29%, Islay 24%, Coll 12%, Jura 11%, Mull 13% and Iona 5%.<sup id="cite_ref-MacT_101-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MacT-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Students of Scottish Gaelic travel from all over the world to attend <a href="/wiki/Sabhal_M%C3%B2r_Ostaig" title="Sabhal Mòr Ostaig">Sabhal Mòr Ostaig</a>, a Scottish Gaelic college based on Skye.<sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="The_arts">The arts</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Inner_Hebrides&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: The arts"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Scotland-Staffa-Fingals-Cave-1900.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Scotland-Staffa-Fingals-Cave-1900.jpg/220px-Scotland-Staffa-Fingals-Cave-1900.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Scotland-Staffa-Fingals-Cave-1900.jpg/330px-Scotland-Staffa-Fingals-Cave-1900.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Scotland-Staffa-Fingals-Cave-1900.jpg/440px-Scotland-Staffa-Fingals-Cave-1900.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3553" data-file-height="2626" /></a><figcaption>Entrance to <a href="/wiki/Fingal%27s_Cave" title="Fingal's Cave">Fingal's Cave</a>, <a href="/wiki/Staffa" title="Staffa">Staffa</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Hebridean landscapes have inspired a variety of musicians, writers and artists. <i><a href="/wiki/Hebrides_Overture" class="mw-redirect" title="Hebrides Overture">The Hebrides</a></i>, also known as <i><a href="/wiki/Fingal%27s_Cave" title="Fingal's Cave">Fingal's Cave</a></i>, is a famous overture written by <a href="/wiki/Felix_Mendelssohn" title="Felix Mendelssohn">Felix Mendelssohn</a> inspired by his visit to <a href="/wiki/Staffa" title="Staffa">Staffa</a>. <a href="/wiki/Margaret_Dare" title="Margaret Dare">Marie Dare</a>'s <i>Hebridean Suite</i> for cello and piano was composed in 1947.<sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Contemporary musicians associated with the islands include <a href="/wiki/Ian_Anderson_(musician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ian Anderson (musician)">Ian Anderson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Donovan" title="Donovan">Donovan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chris_Rainbow" title="Chris Rainbow">Chris Rainbow</a> and <a href="/wiki/Runrig" title="Runrig">Runrig</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-105" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-106" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Enya" title="Enya">Enya</a>'s song "Ebudæ" from <i><a href="/wiki/Shepherd_Moons" title="Shepherd Moons">Shepherd Moons</a></i> is based on a traditional <a href="/wiki/Waulking_song" title="Waulking song">waulking song</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-107" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The poet <a href="/wiki/Sorley_MacLean" title="Sorley MacLean">Sorley MacLean</a> was born on Raasay, the setting for his best known poem, <i><a href="/wiki/Hallaig" title="Hallaig">Hallaig</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-108" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/George_Orwell" title="George Orwell">George Orwell</a> wrote much of the novel <i>1984</i> whilst living at <a href="/wiki/Barnhill,_Jura" title="Barnhill, Jura">Barnhill</a> on Jura<sup id="cite_ref-109" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/J.M._Barrie" class="mw-redirect" title="J.M. Barrie">J.M. Barrie</a> wrote a screenplay for the <a href="/wiki/Peter_Pan_(1924_film)" title="Peter Pan (1924 film)">1924 film adaptation</a> of <i><a href="/wiki/Peter_and_Wendy" title="Peter and Wendy">Peter Pan</a></i> whilst on <a href="/wiki/Eilean_Shona" title="Eilean Shona">Eilean Shona</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-110" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Cressida_Cowell" title="Cressida Cowell">Cressida Cowell</a>, the author of <i><a href="/wiki/How_to_Train_Your_Dragon" title="How to Train Your Dragon">How to Train Your Dragon</a></i>, spent childhood summers in the Inner Hebrides and has stated that they are "one of the most beautiful places on Earth" and "the kind of place where you expect to see dragons overhead".<sup id="cite_ref-111" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Wildlife">Wildlife</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Inner_Hebrides&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Wildlife"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Atlantic_Puffin.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Atlantic_Puffin.jpg/220px-Atlantic_Puffin.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Atlantic_Puffin.jpg/330px-Atlantic_Puffin.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Atlantic_Puffin.jpg/440px-Atlantic_Puffin.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2136" data-file-height="3204" /></a><figcaption>Adult <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_puffin" title="Atlantic puffin">Atlantic puffin</a> (<i>Fratercula arctica</i>) in breeding plumage on <a href="/wiki/Lunga_(Treshnish_Isles)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lunga (Treshnish Isles)">Lunga</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Treshnish_Isles" title="Treshnish Isles">Treshnish Isles</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>In some respects the Hebrides generally lack biodiversity in comparison to mainland Britain, with for example only half the number of mammalian species the latter has.<sup id="cite_ref-112" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, these islands have much to offer the naturalist. Observing the local abundance found on Skye in the 18th century <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Johnson" title="Samuel Johnson">Samuel Johnson</a> noted that: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>At the tables where a stranger is received, neither plenty nor delicacy is wanting. A tract of land so thinly inhabited, must have much wild-fowl; and I scarcely remember to have seen a dinner without them. The moor-game is every where to be had. That the sea abounds with fish, needs not be told, for it supplies a great part of Europe. The Isle of Sky has stags and roebucks, but no hares. They sell very numerous droves of oxen yearly to England, and therefore cannot be supposed to want beef at home. Sheep and goats are in great numbers, and they have the common domestic fowls."</p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite><sup id="cite_ref-Johnson_113-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Johnson-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></cite></div></blockquote> <p>In the modern era avian life includes the <a href="/wiki/Corn_crake" title="Corn crake">corncrake</a>, <a href="/wiki/Red-throated_diver" class="mw-redirect" title="Red-throated diver">red-throated diver</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rock_dove" title="Rock dove">rock dove</a>, <a href="/wiki/Black-legged_kittiwake" title="Black-legged kittiwake">kittiwake</a>, <a href="/wiki/Black_guillemot" title="Black guillemot">tystie</a>, <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_puffin" title="Atlantic puffin">Atlantic puffin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Common_goldeneye" title="Common goldeneye">goldeneye</a>, <a href="/wiki/Golden_eagle" title="Golden eagle">golden eagle</a> and <a href="/wiki/White-tailed_eagle" title="White-tailed eagle">white-tailed sea eagle</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-114" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-115" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The last named was re-introduced to Rùm in 1975 and has successfully spread to various neighbouring islands, including Mull.<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated1_116-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There is a small population of <a href="/wiki/Red-billed_chough" title="Red-billed chough">red-billed chough</a> concentrated on the islands of <a href="/wiki/Islay" title="Islay">Islay</a> and <a href="/wiki/Colonsay" title="Colonsay">Colonsay</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-117" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Mountain_hare" title="Mountain hare">Mountain hare</a> (apparently absent from Skye in the 18th century) and <a href="/wiki/European_rabbit" title="European rabbit">rabbit</a> are now abundant and predated on by <a href="/wiki/Scottish_wildcat" title="Scottish wildcat">Scottish wildcat</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pine_marten" class="mw-redirect" title="Pine marten">pine marten</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-118" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Red_deer" title="Red deer">Red deer</a> are common on the hills and the <a href="/wiki/Grey_seal" title="Grey seal">grey seal</a> and <a href="/wiki/Common_seal" class="mw-redirect" title="Common seal">common seal</a> are present around the coasts of Scotland in internationally important numbers, with colonies of the former found on <a href="/wiki/Oronsay,_Inner_Hebrides" class="mw-redirect" title="Oronsay, Inner Hebrides">Oronsay</a> and the Treshnish Isles and the latter most abundant in the <a href="/wiki/Firth_of_Lorn" title="Firth of Lorn">Firth of Lorn</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-119" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-119"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-120" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-120"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The rich fresh water streams contain <a href="/wiki/Brown_trout" title="Brown trout">brown trout</a>, <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_salmon" title="Atlantic salmon">Atlantic salmon</a> and <a href="/wiki/Eurasian_water_shrew" title="Eurasian water shrew">water shrew</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-121" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-121"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-122" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-122"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Offshore <a href="/wiki/Minke_whale" title="Minke whale">minke whales</a>, <a href="/wiki/Killer_whale" class="mw-redirect" title="Killer whale">killer whales</a>, <a href="/wiki/Basking_shark" title="Basking shark">basking sharks</a>, <a href="/wiki/Porpoise" title="Porpoise">porpoises</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dolphin" title="Dolphin">dolphins</a> are among the sea life that can be seen<sup id="cite_ref-123" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-123"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-124" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-124"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Cancer_pagurus" title="Cancer pagurus">edible crab</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ostreidae" title="Ostreidae">oyster</a> are also found, in for example, the Sound of <a href="/wiki/Scalpay,_Inner_Hebrides" title="Scalpay, Inner Hebrides">Scalpay</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-125" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-125"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are nationally important <a href="/wiki/Mussel" title="Mussel">horse mussel</a> and <a href="/wiki/Brittle_star" title="Brittle star">brittlestar</a> beds in the sea lochs.<sup id="cite_ref-SLBG_126-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SLBG-126"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Heather moor containing <a href="/wiki/Calluna" title="Calluna">ling</a>, <a href="/wiki/Erica_cinerea" title="Erica cinerea">bell heather</a>, <a href="/wiki/Erica_tetralix" title="Erica tetralix">cross-leaved heath</a>, <a href="/wiki/Myrica_gale" title="Myrica gale">bog myrtle</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fescue" class="mw-redirect" title="Fescue">fescues</a> is abundant and there is a diversity of arctic and alpine plants including <a href="/wiki/Sagina" title="Sagina">alpine pearlwort</a> and <a href="/wiki/Minuartia" title="Minuartia">mossy cyphal</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-127" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-127"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>122<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Inner_Hebrides&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rulers_of_the_Kingdom_of_the_Isles" class="mw-redirect" title="Rulers of the Kingdom of the Isles">Rulers of the Kingdom of the Isles</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Inner_Hebrides&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dt>Notes</dt></dl> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">There are 43 such islands recorded at <a href="/wiki/List_of_Inner_Hebrides" title="List of Inner Hebrides">List of Inner Hebrides</a> and in addition there is <a href="/wiki/Lunga,_Firth_of_Lorn" title="Lunga, Firth of Lorn">Lunga</a>, which had a population in 2001 but not in 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-NRS_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NRS-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> See for example <a href="/wiki/Cladh_Hallan" title="Cladh Hallan">Cladh Hallan</a> and the impressive ruins of the <a href="/wiki/Callanish_Stones" title="Callanish Stones">Callanish Stones</a> and <a href="/wiki/Skara_Brae" title="Skara Brae">Skara Brae</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> Murray (1966) claims that Ptolemy's "Ebudae" was originally derived from the <a href="/wiki/Old_Norse" title="Old Norse">Old Norse</a> <i>Havbredey</i>, meaning "isles on the edge of the sea".<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The idea is often repeated, but no firm evidence of this derivation has emerged.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hunter (2000) states that in relation to King <a href="/wiki/Bridei_I_of_the_Picts" class="mw-redirect" title="Bridei I of the Picts">Bridei I of the Picts</a> in the sixth century: "As for Shetland, Orkney, Skye and the Western Isles, their inhabitants, most of whom appear to have been Pictish in culture and speech at this time, are likely to have regarded Bridei as a fairly distant presence."<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hunter (2004) states that the claims of Somerled's descent from <a href="/wiki/Gofraid_mac_Fergusa" title="Gofraid mac Fergusa">Gofraid mac Fergusa</a> are "preserved in Gaelic tradition and accepted as broadly authentic by modern scholars".<sup id="cite_ref-H104_64-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-H104-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, Woolf (2005) asserts that "contrary to the image, projected by recent clan-historians, of <a href="/wiki/Clann_Somhairle" title="Clann Somhairle">Clann Somhairle</a> as Gaelic nationalists liberating the Isles from Scandinavians, it is quite explicit in our two extended narrative accounts from the thirteenth century, <i>Orkneyinga saga</i> and <i>The Chronicle of the Kings of Man and the Isles</i>, that the early leaders of Clann Somhairle saw themselves as competitors for the kingship of the Isles on the basis of their descent through their mother Ragnhilt" and that their claim "to royal status was based on its position as a segment of Uí Ímair."<sup id="cite_ref-W2p212_60-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-W2p212-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <dl><dt>Footnotes</dt></dl> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-GRO-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-GRO_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GRO_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GRO_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GRO_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GRO_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">General Register Office for Scotland (28 November 2003) <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gro-scotland.gov.uk/census/censushm/occpapers/occasional-paper-10/index.html">Scotland's Census 2001 – Occasional Paper No 10: Statistics for Inhabited Islands</a></i>. Retrieved 26 February 2012. </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NRS-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NRS_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NRS_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NRS_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NRS_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NRS_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NRS_2-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFNational_Records_of_Scotland2013" class="citation report cs1"><a href="/wiki/National_Records_of_Scotland" title="National Records of Scotland">National Records of Scotland</a> (15 August 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scotlandscensus.gov.uk/documents/censusresults/release1c/rel1c2sb.pdf">"Appendix 2: Population and households on Scotland's Inhabited Islands"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scotlandscensus.gov.uk/en/censusresults/bulletin.html">Statistical Bulletin: 2011 Census: First Results on Population and Household Estimates for Scotland Release 1C (Part Two)</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (Report). SG/2013/126<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 August</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Statistical+Bulletin%3A+2011+Census%3A+First+Results+on+Population+and+Household+Estimates+for+Scotland+Release+1C+%28Part+Two%29&rft.date=2013-08-15&rft.au=National+Records+of+Scotland&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scotlandscensus.gov.uk%2Fdocuments%2Fcensusresults%2Frelease1c%2Frel1c2sb.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInner+Hebrides" class="Z3988"></span> </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-HSTabs-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-HSTabs_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HSTabs_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Haswell-Smith (2004) pp. 502-5</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-HS173-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-HS173_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Haswell-Smith (2004) p. 173</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-area-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-area_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Haswell-Smith (2004) pp. 30, 79, 130, 148 and 182 except estimates from <a href="/wiki/Ordnance_Survey" title="Ordnance Survey">Ordnance Survey</a> maps as indicated.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-high-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-high_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Haswell-Smith (2004) and <a href="/wiki/Ordnance_Survey" title="Ordnance Survey">Ordnance Survey</a> maps.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-OS-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-OS_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ordnance Survey maps.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bbc-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-bbc_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/naidheachdan/24954480/">"Crìonadh mòr sa Ghàidhlig anns na h-Eileanan – Naidheachdan a' BhBC"</a>. <i>Naidheachdan A' Bhbc</i>. bbc.co.uk. 15 November 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 April</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Naidheachdan+A%27+Bhbc&rft.atitle=Cr%C3%AConadh+m%C3%B2r+sa+Gh%C3%A0idhlig+anns+na+h-Eileanan+%E2%80%93+Naidheachdan+a%27+BhBC&rft.date=2013-11-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnaidheachdan%2F24954480%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInner+Hebrides" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">McKirdy et al. (2007) p. 224</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Corryvreckan is regularly cited as the third largest whirlpool of the world – see for example <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scottish-places.info/features/featurefirst10418.html">"Corryvreckan Whirlpool "</a> <i>Gazetteer for Scotland</i>. Retrieved 19 September 2009. Some sources suggest it is the second largest after the <a href="/wiki/Moskstraumen" title="Moskstraumen">Moskstraumen</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">D. J. Ellett and A. Edwards, O<i>ceanography and inshore hydrography of the Inner Hebrides</i>, Cambridge University Press, 26 July 2012, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/proceedings-of-the-royal-society-of-edinburgh-section-b-biological-sciences/article/abs/oceanography-and-inshore-hydrography-of-the-inner-hebrides/360FC2DD6A5D05F80A18C901BD9DF87F">link</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-23711202">"Scotland's 2011 census: Island living on the rise"</a>. BBC News. Retrieved 18 August 2013.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">See for example Hunter (2000) pp. 152–158</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">See for example Maclean (1977) Chapter 10: "Arcady Despoiled" pp. 125–35</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101012202520/http://www.hie.co.uk/highlands-and-islands/area-information/argyll-and-the-islands/economic-profile.html">"Argyll and the Islands - economic profile"</a>. HIE. Retrieved 28 December 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101013045330/http://www.hie.co.uk/highlands-and-islands/area-information/lochaber-skye-and-wester-ross/economic-profile.html">"Lochaber, Skye and Wester Ross - economic profile'</a>. HIE. Retrieved 28 December 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101217130006/http://hie.co.uk/support-for-communities/growing-fragile-communities/default.html">"Growing fragile communities"</a>. HIE. Retrieved 28 December 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dtascot.org.uk/content/directory-of-members">"Directory of Members"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100719214140/http://www.dtascot.org.uk/content/directory-of-members">Archived</a> 19 July 2010 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> DTA Scotland. Retrieved 15 July 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cooper-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Cooper_20-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cooper_20-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Cooper (1983) pp. 33-5. Averages for rainfall are for 1916–50, temperature 1931–60.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">See also <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.carbostweather.co.uk/Staffin/staffinweather.htm">"Weather Data for Staffin Isle of Skye"</a>. carbostweather.co.uk. Retrieved 7 June 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-WHM147-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-WHM147_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Mur66">Murray (1966)</a> p. 147.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101229172355/http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/climate/uk/averages/regmapavge.html">"Regional mapped averages"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Met_Office" title="Met Office">Met Office</a>. Retrieved 28 December 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Murray (1973) p. 79.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">For Islay data see <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.islayinfo.com/weather.html">"Islay weather and climate"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.islayinfo.com">http://www.islayinfo.com</a>. Retrieved 28 December 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Moffat (2005) p. 42</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Edwards, Kevin J. and Whittington, Graeme "Vegetation Change" in Edwards & Ralston (2003) p. 70</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Occupation at this site is dated to 8590+/-95 uncorrected radiocarbon years <a href="/wiki/Before_Present" title="Before Present">BP</a>. Edwards, Kevin J., and Mithen, Steven (Feb. 1995) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/pss/124921">"The Colonization of the Hebridean Islands of Western Scotland: Evidence from the Palynological and Archaeological Records,"</a> <i>World Archaeology</i>. <b>26</b>. No. 3 p. 348. Retrieved 20 April 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Finlayson, Bill and Edwards, Kevin J. "The Mesolithic" in Edwards & Ralston (2003) p. 115</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Nuts1-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Nuts1_30-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Nuts1_30-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/19990218071349/http://www.britarch.ac.uk/ba/ba5/ba5news.html">"Mesolithic food industry on Colonsay"</a> (June 1995) <i>British Archaeology</i>. No. 5. Retrieved 25 May 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Moff-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Moff_31-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Moff_31-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Moffat (2005) pp. 91–2</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Moffat (2005) pp. 90–91.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Mercer, John (1972) "Microlithic and Bronze Age camps, 75–26 ft OD, N Carn, Jura". <i>Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120805152312/http://www.rcahms.gov.uk/pls/portal/newcanmore.details_gis?inumlink=11431">"Skye, Dun Ringill"</a> RCAHMS. Retrieved 22 June 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Breeze-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Breeze_36-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Breeze_36-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Breeze_36-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Breeze, David J. "The ancient geography of Scotland" in Ballin Smith and Banks (2002) pp. 11-13</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Watson-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Watson_37-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Watson_37-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Watson_37-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Watson_37-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Watson (1926) pp. 40-41</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Watson (1926) p. 38</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Murray (1966) p. 1</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MacanT-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-MacanT_41-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Mac an Tàilleir (2003) various pages.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Nieke, Margaret R. "Secular Society from the Iron Age to Dál Riata and the Kingdom of Scots" in Omand (2006) p. 60</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-OxfordCompanion1-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-OxfordCompanion1_43-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-OxfordCompanion1_43-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Lynch (2007) pp. 161 162.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Clancy, Thomas Owen "Church institutions: early medieval" in Lynch (2001).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hunter (2000) pp. 44, 49</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ó Corráin (1998) p. 25</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a 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class="reference-text">Gregory (1881) pp. 4-6</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hunter (2000) p. 84</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Woolf (2007) p. 213</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-G5-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-G5_56-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-G5_56-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Gregory (1881) p. 5</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-D101-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-D101_57-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Duffy (1992) pp. 100-01</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-D108-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-D108_58-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-D108_58-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span 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Retrieved 28 December 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-108"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-108">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/books/2002/nov/30/featuresreviews.guardianreview35">"<i>Hallaig</i> by Sorley MacLean, translated by Seamus Heaney"</a> (30 November 2002) guardian.co.uk Retrieved 27 October 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-109"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-109">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Newton (1995) p. 96</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-110"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-110">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20030208103302/http://www.eileanshona.com/island.html">"Eilean Shona House"</a> eileanshona.com. Retrieved 28 December 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-111"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-111">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Film based on little island" (5 April 2010) <i>Press and Journal</i>. Aberdeen.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-112"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-112">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Murray (1973) p. 72</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Johnson-113"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Johnson_113-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Johnson (1775) pp. 78-79</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-114"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-114">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#FFD69">Fraser Darling (1969)</a> p. 79</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-115"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-115">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080513173348/http://www.duntulmcastle.co.uk/skye_wildlife.php">"Trotternish Wildlife"</a> Duntulm Castle. Retrieved 25 October 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-autogenerated1-116"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated1_116-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWatson2006" class="citation news cs1">Watson, Jeremy (12 October 2006). "Sea eagle spreads its wings...". <i>Scotland on Sunday</i>. Edinburgh.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Scotland+on+Sunday&rft.atitle=Sea+eagle+spreads+its+wings...&rft.date=2006-10-12&rft.aulast=Watson&rft.aufirst=Jeremy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInner+Hebrides" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-117"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-117">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Benvie (2004) p. 118.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-118">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#FFD69">Fraser Darling (1969)</a> pp. 71-72</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-119"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-119">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.snh.gov.uk/protecting-scotlands-nature/protected-species/which-and-how/mammals/seal-protection/">"Protected mammals - Seals"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170920135905/http://www.snh.gov.uk/protecting-scotlands-nature/protected-species/which-and-how/mammals/seal-protection/">Archived</a> 20 September 2017 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Scottish Natural Heritage. Retrieved 6 March 2011.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-120"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-120">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Murray (1973) pp. 96-98</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-121"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-121">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#FFD69">Fraser Darling (1969)</a> p. 286</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-122"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-122">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.trout-salmon-fishing.com/scotland-skye.htm">"Trout Fishing in Scotland: Skye"</a> trout-salmon-fishing.com. Retrieved 29 March 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-123"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-123">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120225051340/http://www.snh.org.uk/pdfs/strategy/trends/SNH_Trends_sea.pdf">"Trends – The Sea"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Scottish Natural Heritage. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.snh.org.uk/pdfs/strategy/trends/SNH_Trends_sea.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 25 February 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 January</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Trends+%E2%80%93+The+Sea&rft.pub=Scottish+Natural+Heritage&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.snh.org.uk%2Fpdfs%2Fstrategy%2Ftrends%2FSNH_Trends_sea.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInner+Hebrides" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-124"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-124">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.whalewatchingtrips.co.uk/species.htm">"Species List"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180602015619/http://www.whalewatchingtrips.co.uk/species.htm">Archived</a> 2 June 2018 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.whalewatchingtrips.co.uk">Whale Watching Trips Isle of Mull</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171202024749/http://www.whalewatchingtrips.co.uk/">Archived</a> 2 December 2017 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Retrieved 28 December 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-125"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-125">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#FFD69">Fraser Darling (1969)</a> p. 84</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SLBG-126"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-SLBG_126-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050320224957/http://www.highlandbiodiversity.com/htm/counties/skye_lochalsh/skye_lochalsh.pdf"><i>Skye & Lochalsh Biodiversity Action Plan</i></a> (2003) (pdf) Skye and Lochalsh Biodiversity Group. Retrieved 29 March 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-127"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-127">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Slack, Alf "Flora" in <a href="#Slesser70">Slesser (1970)</a> pp 45-58</span> </li> </ol></div> <dl><dt>General references</dt></dl> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li>Barrett, James H. "The Norse in Scotland" in Brink, Stefan (ed) (2008) <i>The Viking World</i>. Abingdon. Routledge. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-415-33315-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-415-33315-6">0-415-33315-6</a></li> <li>Ballin Smith, B. and Banks, I. (eds) (2002) <i>In the Shadow of the Brochs, the Iron Age in Scotland</i>. Stroud. Tempus. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7524-2517-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-7524-2517-X">0-7524-2517-X</a></li> <li>Bathhurst, Bella (2000) <i>The Lighthouse Stevensons</i>. London. Flamingo.</li> <li>Benvie, Neil (2004) <i>Scotland's Wildlife</i>. London. Aurum Press. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-85410-978-2" title="Special:BookSources/1-85410-978-2">1-85410-978-2</a></li> <li>Cooper, Derek (1983) <i>Skye</i>. Law Book Co of Australasia. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7100-9565-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-7100-9565-1">0-7100-9565-1</a>.</li> <li>Downham, Clare "England and the Irish-Sea Zone in the Eleventh Century" in Gillingham, John (ed) (2004) <i>Anglo-Norman Studies XXVI: Proceedings of the Battle Conference 2003</i>. Woodbridge. Boydell Press. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-8438-3072-8" title="Special:BookSources/1-8438-3072-8">1-8438-3072-8</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="Duffy92" class="citation journal cs1">Duffy, Seán (1992). "Irishmen and Islesmen in the Kingdom of Dublin and Man 1052-1171". <i><a href="/wiki/%C3%89riu_(journal)" title="Ériu (journal)">Ériu</a></i>. <b>43</b> (43): 93–133. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/30007421">30007421</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=%C3%89riu&rft.atitle=Irishmen+and+Islesmen+in+the+Kingdom+of+Dublin+and+Man+1052-1171&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=43&rft.pages=93-133&rft.date=1992&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F30007421%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Duffy&rft.aufirst=Se%C3%A1n&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInner+Hebrides" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Edwards, Kevin J. & Ralston, Ian B.M. (Eds) (2003) <i>Scotland After the Ice Age: Environment, Archaeology and History, 8000 BC – AD 1000</i>. Edinburgh. Edinburgh University Press.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="FFD69" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Frank_Fraser_Darling" title="Frank Fraser Darling">Fraser Darling, Frank</a>; Boyd, J. Morton (1969). <i>The Highlands and Islands</i>. The New Naturalist. London: Collins.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Highlands+and+Islands&rft.place=London&rft.series=The+New+Naturalist&rft.pub=Collins&rft.date=1969&rft.au=Fraser+Darling%2C+Frank&rft.au=Boyd%2C+J.+Morton&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInner+Hebrides" class="Z3988"></span> First published in 1947 under title: <i>Natural history in the Highlands & Islands</i>; by F. Fraser Darling. First published under the present title 1964.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Gregory" title="Donald Gregory">Gregory, Donald</a> (1881) <i>The History of the Western Highlands and Isles of Scotland 1493–1625.</i> Edinburgh. Birlinn. 2008 reprint – originally published by Thomas D. Morrison. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-904607-57-8" title="Special:BookSources/1-904607-57-8">1-904607-57-8</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHaswell-Smith2004" class="citation book cs1">Haswell-Smith, Hamish (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=bXFwKl5gVqwC"><i>The Scottish Islands</i></a>. Edinburgh: Canongate. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84195-454-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84195-454-7"><bdi>978-1-84195-454-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Scottish+Islands&rft.place=Edinburgh&rft.pub=Canongate&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-1-84195-454-7&rft.aulast=Haswell-Smith&rft.aufirst=Hamish&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.co.uk%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DbXFwKl5gVqwC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInner+Hebrides" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Hunter, James (2000) <i>Last of the Free: A History of the Highlands and Islands of Scotland</i>. Edinburgh. Mainstream. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-84018-376-4" title="Special:BookSources/1-84018-376-4">1-84018-376-4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Johnson" title="Samuel Johnson">Johnson, Samuel</a> (1775) <i><a href="/wiki/A_Journey_to_the_Western_Islands_of_Scotland" title="A Journey to the Western Islands of Scotland">A Journey to the Western Islands of Scotland</a></i>. London: Chapman & Dodd. (1924 edition).</li> <li>Lynch, Michael (ed) (2007) <i>Oxford Companion to Scottish History</i>. Oxford University Press. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-923482-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-923482-0">978-0-19-923482-0</a>.</li> <li>Mac an Tàilleir, Iain (2003) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.parliament.scot/gd/visitandlearn/40900.aspx"><i>Ainmean-àite/Placenames</i></a>. (pdf) <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Parliament" title="Scottish Parliament">Pàrlamaid na h-Alba</a>. Retrieved 26 August 2012.</li></ul> <ul><li>McKirdy, Alan Gordon, John & Crofts, Roger (2007) <i>Land of Mountain and Flood: The Geology and Landforms of Scotland</i>. Edinburgh. Birlinn. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84158-357-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84158-357-0">978-1-84158-357-0</a></li> <li>Maclean, Charles (1977) <i>Island on the Edge of the World: the Story of St. Kilda</i>. Edinburgh. Canongate. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-903937-41-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-903937-41-7">0-903937-41-7</a></li> <li>Moffat, Alistair (2005) <i>Before Scotland: The Story of Scotland Before History</i>. London. Thames & Hudson.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/W._H._Murray" title="W. H. Murray">Murray, W.H.</a> (1966) <i>The Hebrides</i>. London. Heinemann.</li> <li>Murray, W.H. (1973) <i>The Islands of Western Scotland: the Inner and Outer Hebrides.</i> London. Eyre Methuen. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-413-30380-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-413-30380-2">0-413-30380-2</a></li> <li>Murray, W.H. (1977) <i>The Companion Guide to the West Highlands of Scotland.</i> London. Collins.</li> <li>Newton, Norman (1995) <i>Islay</i>. Newton Abbott. Pevensey Press. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-907115-97-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-907115-97-7">978-0-907115-97-7</a></li> <li>Ó Corráin, Donnchadh (1998) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ucc.ie/celt/news.html"><i>Vikings in Ireland and Scotland in the Ninth Century</i></a> CELT.</li> <li>Omand, Donald (ed.) (2006) <i>The Argyll Book</i>. Edinburgh. Birlinn. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-84158-480-0" title="Special:BookSources/1-84158-480-0">1-84158-480-0</a></li> <li>Ross, David (2005) <i>Scotland – History of a Nation</i>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malcolm_Slesser" title="Malcolm Slesser">Slesser, Malcolm</a> (1970) <i>The Island of Skye</i>. Edinburgh. <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Mountaineering_Club" title="Scottish Mountaineering Club">Scottish Mountaineering Club</a>.</li> <li>Stevenson, Robert Louis (1995) <i>The New Lighthouse on the Dhu Heartach Rock, Argyllshire</i>. California. Silverado Museum. Based on an 1872 manuscript and edited by Swearingen, R.G.</li> <li>Thomson, William P. L. (2008) <i>The New History of Orkney</i>. Edinburgh. Birlinn. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84158-696-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84158-696-0">978-1-84158-696-0</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_J._Watson" title="William J. Watson">Watson, W. J.</a> (1994) <i>The Celtic Place-Names of Scotland</i>. Edinburgh; Birlinn. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-84158-323-5" title="Special:BookSources/1-84158-323-5">1-84158-323-5</a>. First published 1926.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWoolf2007" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/Alex_Woolf" title="Alex Woolf">Woolf, Alex</a> (2007), <i>From Pictland to Alba, 789–1070</i>, The New Edinburgh History of Scotland, Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7486-1234-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7486-1234-5"><bdi>978-0-7486-1234-5</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=From+Pictland+to+Alba%2C+789%E2%80%931070&rft.place=Edinburgh&rft.series=The+New+Edinburgh+History+of+Scotland&rft.pub=Edinburgh+University+Press&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-7486-1234-5&rft.aulast=Woolf&rft.aufirst=Alex&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInner+Hebrides" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Inner_Hebrides&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion" style="white-space: nowrap"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Inner_Hebrides&params=56.499805_N_6.000010_W_region:GB_scale:100000">Map sources</a></span> for Inner Hebrides</li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Inner_Hebrides" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Inner Hebrides">Inner Hebrides</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <p><span class="geo-inline-hidden noexcerpt"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Inner_Hebrides&params=56_30_N_6_00_W_region:GB_type:isle"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">56°30′N</span> <span class="longitude">6°00′W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">56.500°N 6.000°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">56.500; -6.000</span></span></span></a></span></span> </p> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.southernhebrides.com/">Guide to Southern Inner Hebrides</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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.navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Prehistoric_Inner_Hebrides" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Prehistoric_Inner_Hebrides" title="Template:Prehistoric Inner Hebrides"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Prehistoric_Inner_Hebrides" title="Template talk:Prehistoric Inner Hebrides"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Prehistoric_Inner_Hebrides" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Prehistoric Inner Hebrides"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Prehistoric_Inner_Hebrides" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Prehistoric Inner Hebrides</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sites on <a href="/wiki/Isle_of_Skye" title="Isle of Skye">Skye</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dun_Ardtreck" title="Dun Ardtreck">Dun Ardtreck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dun_Beag" title="Dun Beag">Dun Beag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dun_Borrafiach" title="Dun Borrafiach">Dun Borrafiach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dun_Cruinn" title="Dun Cruinn">Dun Cruinn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dun_Fiadhairt" title="Dun Fiadhairt">Dun Fiadhairt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dun_Hallin" title="Dun Hallin">Dun Hallin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dun_Ringill" title="Dun Ringill">Dun Ringill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dun_Skudiburgh" title="Dun Skudiburgh">Dun Skudiburgh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rubha_an_D%C3%B9nain" title="Rubha an Dùnain">Rubha an Dùnain</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sites on <a href="/wiki/Coll" title="Coll">Coll</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/An_Caisteal_(Coll)" title="An Caisteal (Coll)">An Caisteal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breachacha_crannog" title="Breachacha crannog">Breachacha crannog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%B9n_an_Achaidh" title="Dùn an Achaidh">Dùn an Achaidh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%B9n_Anlaimh" title="Dùn Anlaimh">Dùn Anlaimh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%B9n_Beic" title="Dùn Beic">Dùn Beic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%B9n_Dubh" title="Dùn Dubh">Dùn Dubh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%B9n_Morbhaidh" title="Dùn Morbhaidh">Dùn Morbhaidh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Totamore_dun" title="Totamore dun">Totamore dun</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sites on <a href="/wiki/Tiree" title="Tiree">Tiree</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dun_Mor_Vaul" title="Dun Mor Vaul">Dun Mor Vaul</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sites on/near <a href="/wiki/Lismore,_Scotland" title="Lismore, Scotland">Lismore</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eilean_Musdile" title="Eilean Musdile">Eilean Musdile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tirefour_Castle" title="Tirefour Castle">Tirefour Castle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sites on <a href="/wiki/Colonsay" title="Colonsay">Colonsay</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%B9n_Cholla" title="Dùn Cholla">Dùn Cholla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%B9n_Eibhinn" title="Dùn Eibhinn">Dùn Eibhinn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%B9n_Gall%C3%A1in" title="Dùn Galláin">Dùn Galláin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%B9n_Meadhonach" title="Dùn Meadhonach">Dùn Meadhonach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%B9n_Tealtaig" title="Dùn Tealtaig">Dùn Tealtaig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%B9n_Uragaig" title="Dùn Uragaig">Dùn Uragaig</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sites on <a href="/wiki/Islay" title="Islay">Islay</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dun_Bhruichlinn" title="Dun Bhruichlinn">Dun Bhruichlinn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dun_Guaidhre" title="Dun Guaidhre">Dun Guaidhre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dun_Nosebridge" title="Dun Nosebridge">Dun Nosebridge</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Inhabited_islands_of_the_Hebrides" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Hebrides" title="Template:Hebrides"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Hebrides" title="Template talk:Hebrides"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Hebrides" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Hebrides"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Inhabited_islands_of_the_Hebrides" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Inhabited islands of the <a href="/wiki/Hebrides" title="Hebrides">Hebrides</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Inner Hebrides</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canna,_Scotland" title="Canna, Scotland">Canna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coll" title="Coll">Coll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colonsay" title="Colonsay">Colonsay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Island_of_Danna" title="Island of Danna">Danna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eigg" title="Eigg">Eigg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eilean_d%C3%A0_Mh%C3%A8inn" title="Eilean dà Mhèinn">Eilean dà Mhèinn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eilean_Shona" title="Eilean Shona">Eilean Shona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castle_Tioram" title="Castle Tioram">Eilean Tioram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erraid" title="Erraid">Erraid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gigha" title="Gigha">Gigha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gometra" title="Gometra">Gometra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iona" title="Iona">Iona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islay" title="Islay">Islay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isle_of_Ewe" title="Isle of Ewe">Isle of Ewe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jura,_Scotland" title="Jura, Scotland">Jura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerrera" title="Kerrera">Kerrera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lismore,_Scotland" title="Lismore, Scotland">Lismore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muck,_Scotland" title="Muck, Scotland">Muck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isle_of_Mull" title="Isle of Mull">Mull</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oronsay,_Colonsay" title="Oronsay, Colonsay">Oronsay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raasay" title="Raasay">Raasay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanday,_Inner_Hebrides" title="Sanday, Inner Hebrides">Sanday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scalpay,_Inner_Hebrides" title="Scalpay, Inner Hebrides">Scalpay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Rona" title="South Rona">Rona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%B9m" title="Rùm">Rùm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isle_of_Skye" title="Isle of Skye">Skye</a></li> <li>Slate Islands: (<a href="/wiki/Easdale" title="Easdale">Easdale</a>, <a href="/wiki/Luing" title="Luing">Luing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Seil" title="Seil">Seil</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shuna,_Slate_Islands" title="Shuna, Slate Islands">Shuna</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soay,_Inner_Hebrides" title="Soay, Inner Hebrides">Soay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Summer_Isles" title="Summer Isles">Summer Isles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiree" title="Tiree">Tiree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulva" title="Ulva">Ulva</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Hebridesmap.png/80px-Hebridesmap.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Hebridesmap.png/120px-Hebridesmap.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Hebridesmap.png/160px-Hebridesmap.png 2x" data-file-width="935" data-file-height="1450" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Outer_Hebrides" title="Outer Hebrides">Outer Hebrides</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baleshare" title="Baleshare">Baleshare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barra" title="Barra">Barra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benbecula" title="Benbecula">Benbecula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berneray_(North_Uist)" class="mw-redirect" title="Berneray (North Uist)">Berneray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eriskay" title="Eriskay">Eriskay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flodaigh" title="Flodaigh">Flodaigh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fraoch-Eilean" title="Fraoch-Eilean">Fraoch-eilean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Bernera" title="Great Bernera">Great Bernera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grimsay" title="Grimsay">Grimsay (North)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grimsay_(South_East_Benbecula)" title="Grimsay (South East Benbecula)">Grimsay (South)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lewis_and_Harris" title="Lewis and Harris">Lewis and Harris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Uist" title="North Uist">North Uist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scalpay,_Outer_Hebrides" title="Scalpay, Outer Hebrides">Scalpay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Uist" title="South Uist">South Uist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatersay" title="Vatersay">Vatersay</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Islands_of_Scotland" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Islands_of_Scotland" title="Template:Islands of Scotland"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Islands_of_Scotland" title="Template talk:Islands of Scotland"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Islands_of_Scotland" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Islands of Scotland"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Islands_of_Scotland" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Scotland" title="List of islands of Scotland">Islands of Scotland</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Geography" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Geography</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Northern_Isles" title="Northern Isles">Northern Isles</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shetland" title="Shetland">Shetland</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Shetland_islands" title="List of Shetland islands">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orkney" title="Orkney">Orkney</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Orkney_islands" title="List of Orkney islands">list</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hebrides" title="Hebrides">Hebrides</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outer_Hebrides" title="Outer Hebrides">Outer Hebrides</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Outer_Hebrides" title="List of Outer Hebrides">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Inner Hebrides</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Inner_Hebrides" title="List of Inner Hebrides">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Kilda,_Scotland" title="St Kilda, Scotland">St Kilda</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islands_of_the_Clyde" title="Islands of the Clyde">Islands of the Clyde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islands_of_the_Forth" title="Islands of the Forth">Islands of the Forth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_freshwater_islands_in_Scotland" title="List of freshwater islands in Scotland">Freshwater Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_outlying_islands_of_Scotland" title="List of outlying islands of Scotland">Outlying Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_sea_stacks_in_Scotland" title="List of sea stacks in Scotland">Sea Stacks</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="9" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Boreray_and_the_Stacs.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Boreray and the Stacs"><img alt="Boreray and the Stacs" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Boreray_and_the_Stacs.jpg/80px-Boreray_and_the_Stacs.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="62" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Boreray_and_the_Stacs.jpg/120px-Boreray_and_the_Stacs.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Boreray_and_the_Stacs.jpg/160px-Boreray_and_the_Stacs.jpg 2x" data-file-width="581" data-file-height="451" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Prehistory" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Prehistory</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_Orkney" title="Prehistoric Orkney">Prehistoric Orkney</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Heart_of_Neolithic_Orkney" title="Heart of Neolithic Orkney">Heart of Neolithic Orkney World Heritage Site</a>:</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maeshowe" title="Maeshowe">Maeshowe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ness_of_Brodgar" title="Ness of Brodgar">Ness of Brodgar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ring_of_Brodgar" title="Ring of Brodgar">Ring of Brodgar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skara_Brae" title="Skara Brae">Skara Brae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Standing_Stones_of_Stenness" title="Standing Stones of Stenness">Standing Stones of Stenness</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_Shetland" title="Prehistoric Shetland">Prehistoric Shetland</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zenith_of_Iron_Age_Shetland" title="Zenith of Iron Age Shetland">Zenith of Iron Age Shetland</a>:</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broch_of_Mousa" title="Broch of Mousa">Broch of Mousa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jarlshof" title="Jarlshof">Jarlshof</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Scatness" title="Old Scatness">Old Scatness</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Prehistoric Western Isles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Callanish_Stones" title="Callanish Stones">Callanish Stones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dun_Carloway" title="Dun Carloway">Dun Carloway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rubha_an_D%C3%B9nain" title="Rubha an Dùnain">Rubha an Dùnain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dun_Nosebridge" title="Dun Nosebridge">Dun Nosebridge</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="History" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">History</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/D%C3%A1l_Riata" title="Dál Riata">Dál Riata</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Columba" title="Columba">Columba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinba" title="Hinba">Hinba</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_the_Isles" title="Kingdom of the Isles">Kingdom of the Isles</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Scandinavian_Scotland" title="Scandinavian Scotland">Scandinavian Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rulers_of_the_Kingdom_of_the_Isles" class="mw-redirect" title="Rulers of the Kingdom of the Isles">Rulers of the Kingdom of the Isles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_the_Isles" title="Bishop of the Isles">Bishop of the Isles</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lord_of_the_Isles" title="Lord of the Isles">Lordship of the Isles</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Perth" title="Treaty of Perth">Treaty of Perth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Westminster_(1462)" title="Treaty of Westminster (1462)">Treaty of Ardtornish-Westminster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finlaggan" title="Finlaggan">Finlaggan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Earl_of_Orkney" title="Earl of Orkney">Earldom of Orkney</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buckquoy_spindle-whorl" title="Buckquoy spindle-whorl">Buckquoy spindle-whorl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Udal_law" title="Udal law">Udal law</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">18th and 19th Century</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Highland_Clearances" title="Highland Clearances">Clearances</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacobite_risings" class="mw-redirect" title="Jacobite risings">Jacobite risings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flora_MacDonald" title="Flora MacDonald">Flora MacDonald</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Literature</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Orkneyinga_saga" title="Orkneyinga saga">Orkneyinga Saga</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Description_of_the_Western_Isles_of_Scotland" title="Description of the Western Isles of Scotland">Description of the Western Isles of Scotland</a></i> (Monro)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Martin_Martin" title="Martin Martin">A Description of the Western Isles of Scotland</a></i> (Martin)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Journey_to_the_Western_Islands_of_Scotland" title="A Journey to the Western Islands of Scotland">A Journey to the Western Islands of Scotland</a></i> (Johnson)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Journal_of_a_Tour_to_the_Hebrides" title="The Journal of a Tour to the Hebrides">The Journal of a Tour to the Hebrides</a></i> (Boswell)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Etymology" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Etymology</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_island_names" title="Scottish island names">Scottish island names</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Isles#Island_names" title="Northern Isles">Northern Isles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebrides#Etymology" title="Hebrides">Hebrides</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ainmean-%C3%80ite_na_h-Alba" title="Ainmean-Àite na h-Alba">Ainmean-Àite na h-Alba</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Specific</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Isle_of_Arran#Etymology" title="Isle of Arran">Arran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gigha#Etymology" title="Gigha">Gigha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islay#Name" title="Islay">Islay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etymology_of_Skye" title="Etymology of Skye">Skye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Kilda,_Scotland#Origin_of_names" title="St Kilda, Scotland">St Kilda</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Economy" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Economy</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Towns</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kirkwall" title="Kirkwall">Kirkwall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lerwick" title="Lerwick">Lerwick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rothesay" title="Rothesay">Rothesay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stornoway" title="Stornoway">Stornoway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stromness" title="Stromness">Stromness</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Agencies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Community_Energy_Scotland" title="Community Energy Scotland">Community Energy Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crofters_Commission" class="mw-redirect" title="Crofters Commission">Crofters Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highlands_and_Islands_Enterprise" title="Highlands and Islands Enterprise">Highlands and Islands Enterprise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Islands_Federation" title="Scottish Islands Federation">Scottish Islands Federation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/North_Sea_oil" title="North Sea oil">Oil industry</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flotta" title="Flotta">Flotta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sullom_Voe" title="Sullom Voe">Sullom Voe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Culture" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Culture</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Shetland</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aly_Bain" title="Aly Bain">Aly Bain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Fraser_(singer)" title="Thomas Fraser (singer)">Thomas Fraser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peerie_Willie_Johnson" title="Peerie Willie Johnson">Peerie Willie Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shetland_Amenity_Trust" title="Shetland Amenity Trust">Shetland Amenity Trust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Up_Helly_Aa" title="Up Helly Aa">Up Helly Aa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vagaland" title="Vagaland">Vagaland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Orkney</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_Mackay_Brown" title="George Mackay Brown">George Mackay Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Maxwell_Davies" title="Peter Maxwell Davies">Peter Maxwell Davies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F._Marian_McNeill" title="F. Marian McNeill">F. Marian McNeill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirkwall_Ba_game" class="mw-redirect" title="Kirkwall Ba game">Kirkwall Ba game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orkney_Heritage_Society" title="Orkney Heritage Society">Orkney Heritage Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Magnus_Festival" title="St Magnus Festival">St Magnus Festival</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Outer Hebrides</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Compton_Mackenzie" title="Compton Mackenzie">Compton Mackenzie</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A8is_Bharraigh" title="Fèis Bharraigh">Fèis Bharraigh</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_Church_of_Scotland_(since_1900)" title="Free Church of Scotland (since 1900)">Free Church of Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iain_Crichton_Smith" title="Iain Crichton Smith">Iain Crichton Smith</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Inner Hebrides</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islay_whisky" class="mw-redirect" title="Islay whisky">Islay whisky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Runrig" title="Runrig">Runrig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sorley_MacLean" title="Sorley MacLean">Sorley MacLean</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/West_Highland_Free_Press" title="West Highland Free Press">West Highland Free Press</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Politics" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Politics</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Local_authorities" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Local authorities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shetland_Islands_Council" title="Shetland Islands Council">Shetland Islands Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orkney_Islands_Council" title="Orkney Islands Council">Orkney Islands Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comhairle_nan_Eilean_Siar" title="Comhairle nan Eilean Siar">Comhairle nan Eilean Siar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highland_Council" title="Highland Council">Highland Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argyll_and_Bute" title="Argyll and Bute">Argyll and Bute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Ayrshire" title="North Ayrshire">North Ayrshire</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Wildlife" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Wildlife</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Fauna</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fair_Isle_wren" title="Fair Isle wren">Fair Isle wren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orkney_vole" title="Orkney vole">Orkney vole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shetland_wren" title="Shetland wren">Shetland wren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Kilda_field_mouse" title="St Kilda field mouse">St Kilda field mouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Kilda_wren" title="St Kilda wren">St Kilda wren</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Flora</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arran_whitebeams" title="Arran whitebeams">Arran whitebeams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Primula_scotica" title="Primula scotica">Scottish Primrose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cerastium_nigrescens" title="Cerastium nigrescens">Shetland Mouse-ear</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Domesticated animals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cairn_Terrier" title="Cairn Terrier">Cairn Terrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eriskay_Pony" title="Eriskay Pony">Eriskay Pony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boreray_(sheep)" class="mw-redirect" title="Boreray (sheep)">Hebridean Blackface</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luing_cattle" title="Luing cattle">Luing cattle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Ronaldsay_sheep" title="North Ronaldsay sheep">North Ronaldsay sheep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Terrier" title="Scottish Terrier">Scottie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shetland_Sheepdog" title="Shetland Sheepdog">Sheltie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shetland_(cattle)" class="mw-redirect" title="Shetland (cattle)">Shetland cattle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shetland_Goose" class="mw-redirect" title="Shetland Goose">Shetland Goose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shetland_pony" title="Shetland pony">Shetland pony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shetland_sheep" title="Shetland sheep">Shetland sheep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soay_sheep" title="Soay sheep">Soay sheep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Highland_White_Terrier" title="West Highland White Terrier">Westie</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Geology" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Geology</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Shetland</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Geopark_Shetland" title="Geopark Shetland">Geopark Shetland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geology_of_Orkney" title="Geology of Orkney">Geology of Orkney</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eday_Group" title="Eday Group">Eday Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orcadian_Basin" title="Orcadian Basin">Orcadian Basin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yesnaby_Sandstone_Group" title="Yesnaby Sandstone Group">Yesnaby Sandstone Group</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Hebrides</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Colonsay_Group" title="Colonsay Group">Colonsay Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Estuarine_Group" title="Great Estuarine Group">Great Estuarine Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebridean_Terrane" title="Hebridean Terrane">Hebridean Terrane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lewisian_complex" title="Lewisian complex">Lewisian complex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lorne_plateau_lavas" title="Lorne plateau lavas">Lorne plateau lavas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moine_Supergroup" class="mw-redirect" title="Moine Supergroup">Moine Supergroup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moine_Thrust_Belt" title="Moine Thrust Belt">Moine Thrust Belt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geology_of_the_Isle_of_Mull" title="Geology of the Isle of Mull">Mull</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhinns_complex" title="Rhinns complex">Rhinns complex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geology_of_the_Isle_of_Skye" title="Geology of the Isle of Skye">Skye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Staffa#Geology_and_pre-history" title="Staffa">Staffa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torridonian" title="Torridonian">Torridonian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Islands of the Clyde</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Highland_Boundary_Fault" title="Highland Boundary Fault">Highland Boundary Fault</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="History_of_the_British_Isles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks vcard mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:History_of_the_British_Isles" title="Template:History of the British Isles"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:History_of_the_British_Isles" title="Template talk:History of the British Isles"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:History_of_the_British_Isles" title="Special:EditPage/Template:History of the British Isles"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="History_of_the_British_Isles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_British_Isles" title="History of the British Isles">History of the British Isles</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_British_Isles" title="History of the British Isles">Overview</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="History of the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_England" title="History of England">England</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Isle_of_Wight" title="History of the Isle of Wight">Isle of Wight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isles_of_Scilly#History" title="Isles of Scilly">Isles of Scilly</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Scotland" title="History of Scotland">Scotland</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Shetland" title="History of Shetland">Shetland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Orkney" title="History of Orkney">Orkney</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#History">Inner Hebrides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Outer_Hebrides" title="History of the Outer Hebrides">Outer Hebrides</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Wales" title="History of Wales">Wales</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anglesey#History" title="Anglesey">Anglesey</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Northern_Ireland" title="History of Northern Ireland">Northern Ireland</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Ireland" title="History of Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Isle_of_Man" title="History of the Isle of Man">Isle of Man</a> (Mann)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Channel_Islands#History" title="Channel Islands">Channel Islands</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Jersey" title="History of Jersey">Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Guernsey" title="History of Guernsey">Guernsey</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="7" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Stonehenge_Closeup.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Stonehenge_Closeup.jpg/75px-Stonehenge_Closeup.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="56" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Stonehenge_Closeup.jpg/113px-Stonehenge_Closeup.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Stonehenge_Closeup.jpg/150px-Stonehenge_Closeup.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_British_Isles#Prehistoric" title="History of the British Isles">Prehistoric period</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_Britain" title="Prehistoric Britain">Prehistoric Britain</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_England#Prehistory" title="History of England">Prehistoric England</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_Scotland" title="Prehistoric Scotland">Prehistoric Scotland</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_Shetland" title="Prehistoric Shetland">Prehistoric Shetland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_Orkney" title="Prehistoric Orkney">Prehistoric Orkney</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_Wales" title="Prehistoric Wales">Prehistoric Wales</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_Ireland" title="Prehistoric Ireland">Prehistoric Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Isle_of_Man#Prehistory" title="History of the Isle of Man">Prehistoric Mann</a></li></ul> </div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_British_Isles#Classical_period" title="History of the British Isles">Classical period</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Britain" title="Roman Britain">Roman Britain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scotland_during_the_Roman_Empire" title="Scotland during the Roman Empire">Roman Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wales_in_the_Roman_era" title="Wales in the Roman era">Roman Wales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protohistory_of_Ireland" title="Protohistory of Ireland">Protohistoric Ireland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hiberno-Roman_relations" title="Hiberno-Roman relations">Roman Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/End_of_Roman_rule_in_Britain" title="End of Roman rule in Britain">End of Roman rule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sub-Roman_Britain" title="Sub-Roman Britain">Sub-Roman Britain</a></li></ul> </div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_British_Isles#Medieval_period" title="History of the British Isles">Medieval period</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/England_in_the_Middle_Ages" title="England in the Middle Ages">Medieval England</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Anglo-Saxon_England" title="History of Anglo-Saxon England">Early medieval England</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/England_in_the_High_Middle_Ages" title="England in the High Middle Ages">High medieval England</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/England_in_the_Late_Middle_Ages" title="England in the Late Middle Ages">Late medieval England</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scotland_in_the_Middle_Ages" title="Scotland in the Middle Ages">Medieval Scotland</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Scotland_in_the_Early_Middle_Ages" title="Scotland in the Early Middle Ages">Early medieval Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scotland_in_the_High_Middle_Ages" title="Scotland in the High Middle Ages">High medieval Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scotland_in_the_Late_Middle_Ages" title="Scotland in the Late Middle Ages">Late medieval Scotland</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wales_in_the_Middle_Ages" title="Wales in the Middle Ages">Medieval Wales</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wales_in_the_Early_Middle_Ages" title="Wales in the Early Middle Ages">Early medieval Wales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wales_in_the_High_Middle_Ages" title="Wales in the High Middle Ages">High medieval Wales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wales_in_the_Late_Middle_Ages" title="Wales in the Late Middle Ages">Late medieval Wales</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ireland_in_the_Middle_Ages" title="Ireland in the Middle Ages">Medieval Ireland</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Ireland_(400%E2%80%93800)" class="mw-redirect" title="History of Ireland (400–800)">Early medieval Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Ireland_(800%E2%80%931169)" class="mw-redirect" title="History of Ireland (800–1169)">High medieval Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Ireland_(1169%E2%80%931536)" title="History of Ireland (1169–1536)">Late medieval Ireland</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Isle_of_Man#Middle_Ages" title="History of the Isle of Man">Medieval Mann</a></li></ul> </div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_British_Isles#Early_Modern_period" title="History of the British Isles">Early modern period</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Early_modern_Britain" title="Early modern Britain">Early modern Britain</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tudor_period" title="Tudor period">Early modern England</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scotland_in_the_early_modern_period" title="Scotland in the early modern period">Early modern Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Early_modern_period_in_Wales" title="Early modern period in Wales">Early modern Wales</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Ireland_(1536%E2%80%931691)" title="History of Ireland (1536–1691)">Early modern Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Isle_of_Man#Early_Modern_period" title="History of the Isle of Man">Early modern Mann</a></li></ul> </div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_British_Isles#19th_century" title="History of the British Isles">Late modern period</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="History of the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> (since 1707) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Victorian_era" title="Victorian era">Victorian period</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edwardian_era" title="Edwardian era">Edwardian period</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_Kingdom_during_the_First_World_War" title="History of the United Kingdom during the First World War">First World War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interwar_Britain" title="Interwar Britain">Interwar period</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_Kingdom#Second_World_War_1939–1945" title="History of the United Kingdom">Second World War</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wales_in_the_World_Wars" class="mw-redirect" title="Wales in the World Wars">World Wars (Wales)</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_history_of_the_United_Kingdom_(1945%E2%80%93present)" class="mw-redirect" title="Political history of the United Kingdom (1945–present)">Post-war period (political history)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_history_of_the_United_Kingdom_(1945%E2%80%93present)" class="mw-redirect" title="Social history of the United Kingdom (1945–present)">Post-war period (social history)</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="History of the Republic of Ireland">Late modern Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Isle_of_Man#Modern_period" title="History of the Isle of Man">Late modern Mann</a></li></ul> </div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Plantagenet" title="House of Plantagenet">House of Plantagenet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Lancaster" title="House of Lancaster">House of Lancaster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_York" title="House of York">House of York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_monarchs_in_the_British_Isles" title="Lists of monarchs in the British Isles">Monarchs</a></li></ul> </div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output 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.portal-bar-header{text-align:center;flex:0;padding-left:0.5em;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;align-items:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:center;flex:0;column-gap:1em;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0 auto;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{border-top:none;margin:0;list-style:none}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><span class="portal-bar-header"><a 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Ic%C3%B4ne_Ile.svg/19px-Ic%C3%B4ne_Ile.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Ic%C3%B4ne_Ile.svg/29px-Ic%C3%B4ne_Ile.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Ic%C3%B4ne_Ile.svg/38px-Ic%C3%B4ne_Ile.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Islands" title="Portal:Islands">Islands</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="map" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4f/ScottishIsles.jpg/12px-ScottishIsles.jpg" decoding="async" width="12" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4f/ScottishIsles.jpg/18px-ScottishIsles.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4f/ScottishIsles.jpg/24px-ScottishIsles.jpg 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="63" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Scottish_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Scottish Islands">Scottish Islands</a></li></ul></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81052#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81052#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81052#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, 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