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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Status as a papal major basilica</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Status_as_a_papal_major_basilica-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Architecture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Architecture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Architecture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Architecture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Interior" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Interior"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Interior</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Interior-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Interior subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Interior-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Fifth-century_mosaics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fifth-century_mosaics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Fifth-century mosaics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fifth-century_mosaics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Triumphal_arch" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Triumphal_arch"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Triumphal arch</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Triumphal_arch-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nave" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nave"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Nave</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nave-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cappella_Sistina_and_Crypt_of_the_Nativity" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cappella_Sistina_and_Crypt_of_the_Nativity"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.4</span> <span>Cappella Sistina and Crypt of the Nativity</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cappella_Sistina_and_Crypt_of_the_Nativity-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cappella_Paolina_(or_Borghese_Chapel)_and_Salus_Populi_Romani" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cappella_Paolina_(or_Borghese_Chapel)_and_Salus_Populi_Romani"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.5</span> <span>Cappella Paolina (or Borghese Chapel) and Salus Populi Romani</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cappella_Paolina_(or_Borghese_Chapel)_and_Salus_Populi_Romani-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Papal_basilica" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Papal_basilica"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Papal basilica</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Papal_basilica-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Archpriests_of_the_Basilica_di_Santa_Maria_Maggiore_since_1127" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Archpriests_of_the_Basilica_di_Santa_Maria_Maggiore_since_1127"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Archpriests of the Basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore since 1127</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Archpriests_of_the_Basilica_di_Santa_Maria_Maggiore_since_1127-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-List_of_major_works_of_art_in_the_basilica" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#List_of_major_works_of_art_in_the_basilica"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>List of major works of art in the basilica</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-List_of_major_works_of_art_in_the_basilica-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Burials_in_the_church" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Burials_in_the_church"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Burials in the church</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Burials_in_the_church-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13.1</span> <span>Citations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13.2</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Santa Maria Maggiore</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 54 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-54" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">54 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%A9_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%A7_%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7_%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AC%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A" title="كنيسة سانتا ماريا ماجيوري – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كنيسة سانتا ماريا ماجيوري" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0-%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F-%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8D" title="Санта-Марыя-Маджорэ – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Санта-Марыя-Маджорэ" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5" title="Санта Мария Маджоре – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Санта Мария Маджоре" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bas%C3%ADlica_de_Santa_Maria_Major" title="Basílica de Santa Maria Major – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Basílica de Santa Maria Major" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bazilika_Panny_Marie_Sn%C4%9B%C5%BEn%C3%A9" title="Bazilika Panny Marie Sněžné – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Bazilika Panny Marie Sněžné" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santa_Maria_Maggiore" title="Santa Maria Maggiore – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Santa Maria Maggiore" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santa_Maria_Maggiore" title="Santa Maria Maggiore – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Santa Maria Maggiore" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santa_Maria_Maggiore_basiilika" title="Santa Maria Maggiore basiilika – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Santa Maria Maggiore basiilika" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CE%AC%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B1_%CE%9C%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CE%9C%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B6%CF%8C%CF%81%CE%B5" title="Σάντα Μαρία Ματζόρε – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Σάντα Μαρία Ματζόρε" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bas%C3%ADlica_de_Santa_Mar%C3%ADa_la_Mayor" title="Basílica de Santa María la Mayor – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Basílica de Santa María la Mayor" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baziliko_Sankta_Maria_la_Granda" title="Baziliko Sankta Maria la Granda – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Baziliko Sankta Maria la Granda" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santa_Maria_Nagusia" title="Santa Maria Nagusia – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Santa Maria Nagusia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%A7_%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7_%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AC%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%87" title="سانتا ماریا ماجوره – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سانتا ماریا ماجوره" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basilique_Sainte-Marie-Majeure" title="Basilique Sainte-Marie-Majeure – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Basilique Sainte-Marie-Majeure" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santa_Maria_Maggiore" title="Santa Maria Maggiore – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Santa Maria Maggiore" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basilica_di_Santa_Maria_Maggiore" title="Basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bas%C3%ADlica_de_Santa_Mar%C3%ADa_a_Maior_de_Roma" title="Basílica de Santa María a Maior de Roma – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Basílica de Santa María a Maior de Roma" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%82%B0%ED%83%80%EB%A7%88%EB%A6%AC%EC%95%84_%EB%A7%88%EC%A1%B0%EB%A0%88_%EB%8C%80%EC%84%B1%EC%A0%84" title="산타마리아 마조레 대성전 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="산타마리아 마조레 대성전" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%BF%D5%A1_%D5%84%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%A1_%D5%84%D5%A1%D5%BB%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%A5" title="Սանտա Մարիա Մաջորե – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Սանտա Մարիա Մաջորե" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bazilika_sv._Marije_Velike" title="Bazilika sv. Marije Velike – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Bazilika sv. Marije Velike" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basilika_Santa_Maria_Maggiore" title="Basilika Santa Maria Maggiore – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Basilika Santa Maria Maggiore" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basilica_di_Santa_Maria_Maggiore" title="Basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%96%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%AA_%D7%A1%D7%A0%D7%98%D7%94_%D7%9E%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%94_%D7%9E%D7%92%27%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%94" title="בזיליקת סנטה מריה מג'ורה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="בזיליקת סנטה מריה מג'ורה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0-%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F-%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5" title="Санта-Мария-Маджоре – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Санта-Мария-Маджоре" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basilika_kuu_la_Bikira_Maria" title="Basilika kuu la Bikira Maria – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Basilika kuu la Bikira Maria" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santa_Maria_Maggiore" title="Santa Maria Maggiore – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Santa Maria Maggiore" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basilica_Sanctae_Mariae_Maioris" title="Basilica Sanctae Mariae Maioris – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Basilica Sanctae Mariae Maioris" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santa_Maria_Maggiore" title="Santa Maria Maggiore – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Santa Maria Maggiore" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santa_Maria_Maggiore-bazilika_(R%C3%B3ma)" title="Santa Maria Maggiore-bazilika (Róma) – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Santa Maria Maggiore-bazilika (Róma)" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0_(%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%BC)" title="Базилика Голема Богородица (Рим) – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Базилика Голема Богородица (Рим)" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basiliek_van_Santa_Maria_Maggiore_(Rome)" title="Basiliek van Santa Maria Maggiore (Rome) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Basiliek van Santa Maria Maggiore (Rome)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B5%E3%83%B3%E3%82%BF%E3%83%BB%E3%83%9E%E3%83%AA%E3%82%A2%E3%83%BB%E3%83%9E%E3%83%83%E3%82%B8%E3%83%A7%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AC%E5%A4%A7%E8%81%96%E5%A0%82" title="サンタ・マリア・マッジョーレ大聖堂 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="サンタ・マリア・マッジョーレ大聖堂" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0-%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F-%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5" title="Санта-Мария-Маджоре – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Санта-Мария-Маджоре" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santa_Maria_Maggiore" title="Santa Maria Maggiore – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Santa Maria Maggiore" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bazylika_Matki_Bo%C5%BCej_Wi%C4%99kszej" title="Bazylika Matki Bożej Większej – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Bazylika Matki Bożej Większej" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bas%C3%ADlica_de_Santa_Maria_Maior" title="Basílica de Santa Maria Maior – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Basílica de Santa Maria Maior" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bazilica_Santa_Maria_Maggiore" title="Bazilica Santa Maria Maggiore – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Bazilica Santa Maria Maggiore" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0-%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F-%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5" title="Санта-Мария-Маджоре – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Санта-Мария-Маджоре" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santa_Maria_Maggiore" title="Santa Maria Maggiore – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Santa Maria Maggiore" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bazilika_Panny_M%C3%A1rie_V%C3%A4%C4%8D%C5%A1ej" title="Bazilika Panny Márie Väčšej – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Bazilika Panny Márie Väčšej" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bazilika_Marije_Sne%C5%BEne,_Rim" title="Bazilika Marije Snežne, Rim – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Bazilika Marije Snežne, Rim" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bazilika_sv._Marije_Velike" title="Bazilika sv. Marije Velike – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Bazilika sv. Marije Velike" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santa_Maria_Maggiore" title="Santa Maria Maggiore – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Santa Maria Maggiore" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santa_Maria_Maggiore" title="Santa Maria Maggiore – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Santa Maria Maggiore" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basilika_ni_Santa_Maria_la_Mayor" title="Basilika ni Santa Maria la Mayor – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Basilika ni Santa Maria la Mayor" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A4_%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BE_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="புனித மரியா பேராலயம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="புனித மரியா பேராலயம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0-%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F-%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5" title="Санта-Мария-Маджоре – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Санта-Мария-Маджоре" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%88%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%88%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3" title="มหาวิหารซันตามาเรียมัจโจเร – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="มหาวิหารซันตามาเรียมัจโจเร" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santa_Maria_Maggiore_Bazilikas%C4%B1" title="Santa Maria Maggiore Bazilikası – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Santa Maria Maggiore Bazilikası" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0-%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%96%D1%8F-%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5" title="Базиліка Санта-Марія-Маджоре – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Базиліка Санта-Марія-Маджоре" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%A7_%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7_%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AC%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%92" title="سانتا ماریا ماجیورے – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="سانتا ماریا ماجیورے" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C6%B0%C6%A1ng_cung_th%C3%A1nh_%C4%91%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Dng_%C4%90%E1%BB%A9c_B%C3%A0_C%E1%BA%A3" title="Vương cung thánh đường Đức Bà Cả – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Vương cung thánh đường Đức Bà Cả" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basilica_di_Santa_Maria_Maggiore" title="Basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9C%A3%E6%AF%8D%E5%A4%A7%E6%AE%BF" title="圣母大殿 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="圣母大殿" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q186282#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu 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.geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Santa_Maria_Maggiore&params=41_53_51_N_12_29_55_E_type:landmark_region:IT"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">41°53′51″N</span> <span class="longitude">12°29′55″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">41.89750°N 12.49861°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">41.89750; 12.49861</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Catholic basilica and landmark in Rome</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Saint Mary Major" redirects here. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Santa_Maria_Maggiore_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Santa Maria Maggiore (disambiguation)">Santa Maria Maggiore (disambiguation)</a> and <a href="/wiki/Saint_Mary_Major_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Saint Mary Major (disambiguation)">Saint Mary Major (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Church in Rome, Italy</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn org" style="color:black; background-color:#FFCC99">Basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="font-weight:bold">Papal Basilica of Saint Mary Major</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="font-weight:bold"><div class="nickname"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it">Basilica Papale di Santa Maria Maggiore</i></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">Italian</a>)</span></li><li><span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">Basilica Sanctae Mariae Maioris</i></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Latin_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin language">Latin</a>)</span></li><li><span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">Basilica Sanctae Mariae ad Nives</i></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Latin_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin language">Latin</a>)</span></li></ul></div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="border-bottom:1px #aaa solid"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Basilica_di_Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_Roma.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Basilica_di_Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_Roma.jpg/270px-Basilica_di_Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_Roma.jpg" decoding="async" width="270" height="209" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Basilica_di_Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_Roma.jpg/405px-Basilica_di_Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_Roma.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Basilica_di_Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_Roma.jpg/540px-Basilica_di_Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_Roma.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6906" data-file-height="5358" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Façade of the Basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore facing the Piazza</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="border-bottom:1px #aaa solid"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 270px; height: 200px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="270" data-height="200" data-zoom="12" data-overlays="["_6e3b6e079c27bd077cacedf0f0b048fd1ccbb310"]"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,12,a,a,270x200.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Santa_Maria_Maggiore&revid=1263601022&groups=_6e3b6e079c27bd077cacedf0f0b048fd1ccbb310" width="270" height="200" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,12,a,a,270x200@2x.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Santa_Maria_Maggiore&revid=1263601022&groups=_6e3b6e079c27bd077cacedf0f0b048fd1ccbb310 2x" alt="Map" /></a><div class="infobox-caption">Interactive map of Santa Maria Maggiore's location in Rome</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Santa_Maria_Maggiore&params=41_53_51_N_12_29_55_E_type:landmark_region:IT"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">41°53′51″N</span> <span class="longitude">12°29′55″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">41.89750°N 12.49861°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">41.89750; 12.49861</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data category">Italy</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Christian_denomination" title="Christian denomination">Denomination</a></th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic Church</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Christian_tradition" title="Christian tradition">Tradition</a></th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Latin_Church" title="Latin Church">Latin Church</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vatican.va/various/basiliche/sm_maggiore/index_en.html">Santa Maria Maggiore</a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color:black; background-color:#FFCC99">History</th></tr><tr class="note"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Status</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Major_basilica" class="mw-redirect" title="Major basilica">Papal major basilica</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Dedication_of_churches" title="Dedication of churches">Dedication</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Blessed_Virgin_Mary" class="mw-redirect" title="Blessed Virgin Mary">Blessed Virgin Mary</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Cult_(religious_practice)" title="Cult (religious practice)">Cult(s)</a> present</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Salus_Populi_Romani" title="Salus Populi Romani">Salus Populi Romani</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Relic#Christian_relics" title="Relic">Relics</a> held</th><td class="infobox-data"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Relics_associated_with_Jesus#Nativity_and_childhood" title="Relics associated with Jesus">Holy Crib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerome" title="Jerome">Jerome</a></li></ul> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color:black; background-color:#FFCC99">Architecture</th></tr><tr class="note"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Architect" title="Architect">Architect(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ferdinando_Fuga" title="Ferdinando Fuga">Ferdinando Fuga</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Architectural type</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Basilica" title="Basilica">Basilica</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Sacred_architecture" class="mw-redirect" title="Sacred architecture">Style</a></th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Roman_architecture" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman architecture">Roman architecture</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Romanesque_architecture" title="Romanesque architecture">Romanesque architecture</a> (tower)<br /><a href="/wiki/Baroque_architecture" title="Baroque architecture">Baroque architecture</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Groundbreaking" title="Groundbreaking">Groundbreaking</a></th><td class="infobox-data">432<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">432</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Completed</th><td class="infobox-data">1743<span style="display:none"> (<span class="dtend itvend">1743</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color:black; background-color:#FFCC99">Specifications</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Length</th><td class="infobox-data">92 meters (302 ft)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Width</th><td class="infobox-data">80 meters (260 ft)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Nave" title="Nave">Nave</a> width</th><td class="infobox-data">30 meters (98 ft)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Height</th><td class="infobox-data">75 meters (246 ft)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color:black; background-color:#FFCC99">Administration</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Diocese" title="Diocese">Diocese</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Rome" title="Diocese of Rome">Rome</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color:black; background-color:#FFCC99">Clergy</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Archpriest" title="Archpriest">Archpriest</a></th><td class="infobox-data agent"><a href="/wiki/Stanis%C5%82aw_Ry%C5%82ko" title="Stanisław Ryłko">Stanisław Ryłko</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><div style="border:4px solid #0177D3; line-height: 1.5; text-align: center;"> <a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_Site" title="World Heritage Site">UNESCO World Heritage Site</a></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Official name</th><td class="infobox-data">Historic Center of Rome, the <a href="/wiki/Properties_of_the_Holy_See#Outside_Vatican_City_but_inside_Rome" title="Properties of the Holy See">Properties of the Holy See in that City Enjoying Extraterritorial Rights</a> and San Paolo Fuori le Mura</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data">Cultural</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Criteria</th><td class="infobox-data">i, ii, iii, iv, vi</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Designated</th><td class="infobox-data">1980<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Reference no.</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/91/">91</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Region</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Europe" class="mw-redirect" title="List of World Heritage Sites in Europe">Europe and North America</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><th colspan="2"> </th></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Basilica of Saint Mary Major</b> (<a href="/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">Italian</a>: <i lang="it"><b>Basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore</b></i>, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">Italian pronunciation:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="it-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Italian" title="Help:IPA/Italian">[ˈsanta<span class="wrap"> </span>maˈriːa<span class="wrap"> </span>madˈdʒoːre]</a></span>; <a href="/wiki/Latin_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin language">Latin</a>: <i lang="la">Basilica Sanctae Mariae Maioris</i>; <a href="/wiki/Latin_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin language">Latin</a>: <i lang="la">Basilica Sanctae Mariae ad Nives</i>),<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or church of <b>Santa Maria Maggiore</b> (also referred to as <b>Santa Maria delle Nevi</b> from its Latin origin <b>Sancta Maria ad Nives</b>), is one of the four <a href="/wiki/Basilicas_in_the_Catholic_Church#Major_and_papal_basilicas" title="Basilicas in the Catholic Church">major papal basilicas</a> as well as one of the <a href="/wiki/Seven_Pilgrim_Churches_of_Rome" title="Seven Pilgrim Churches of Rome">Seven Pilgrim Churches of Rome</a> and the largest <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Marian_church_buildings" title="Catholic Marian church buildings">Marian church</a> in Rome, Italy. </p><p>The basilica enshrines the venerated image of <i><a href="/wiki/Salus_Populi_Romani" title="Salus Populi Romani">Salus Populi Romani</a></i>, depicting the <a href="/wiki/Blessed_Virgin_Mary" class="mw-redirect" title="Blessed Virgin Mary">Blessed Virgin Mary</a> as the health and protectress of the Roman people, which was granted a <a href="/wiki/Canonical_coronation" title="Canonical coronation">Canonical coronation</a> by <a href="/wiki/Pope_Gregory_XVI" title="Pope Gregory XVI">Pope Gregory XVI</a> on 15 August 1838 accompanied by his <a href="/wiki/Papal_bull" title="Papal bull">Papal bull</a> <i>Cælestis Regina</i>. </p><p>Pursuant to the <a href="/wiki/Lateran_Treaty" title="Lateran Treaty">Lateran Treaty</a> of 1929 between the <a href="/wiki/Holy_See" title="Holy See">Holy See</a> and Italy, the Basilica is within Italian territory and not the territory of the <a href="/wiki/Vatican_City" title="Vatican City">Vatican City State</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-vaticanstate.va_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vaticanstate.va-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the <a href="/wiki/Holy_See" title="Holy See">Holy See</a> fully owns the Basilica, and Italy is legally obligated to recognize its full ownership thereof<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and to concede to it "the immunity granted by International Law to the headquarters of the diplomatic agents of foreign States."<sup id="cite_ref-vaticanstate.va_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vaticanstate.va-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In other words, the complex of buildings has a status somewhat similar to a foreign embassy. </p><p><span class="anchor" id="Name"></span><span class="anchor" id="Other_names"></span> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Names">Names</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Santa_Maria_Maggiore&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Names"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Basilica is sometimes referred to as <a href="/wiki/Dedication_of_the_Basilica_of_St_Mary_Major" class="mw-redirect" title="Dedication of the Basilica of St Mary Major">Our Lady of the Snows</a>, a name given to it in the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Missal" title="Roman Missal">Roman Missal</a> from 1568 to 1969 in connection with the <a href="/wiki/Dedication_of_the_Basilica_of_St_Mary_Major" class="mw-redirect" title="Dedication of the Basilica of St Mary Major">liturgical feast of the anniversary of its dedication</a> on 5 August, a feast that was then denominated <i>Dedicatio Sanctae Mariae ad Nives</i> (Dedication of Saint Mary of the Snows). This name for the basilica had become popular in the 14th century<sup id="cite_ref-Calendarium_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Calendarium-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in connection with a legend that <span title="circa">c.</span><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 352</span>, during "the pontificate of <a href="/wiki/Pope_Liberius" title="Pope Liberius">Liberius</a>, a Roman patrician John and his wife, who were without heirs, made a vow to donate their possessions to the Virgin Mary. They prayed that she might make known to them how they were to dispose of their property in her honor. On 5 August, at the height of the Roman summer, snow fell during the night on the summit of the Esquiline Hill. In obedience to a vision of the Virgin Mary which they had the same night, the couple built a basilica in honor of Mary on the very spot which was covered with snow.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The legend is first reported only after the year 1000.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It may be implied in what the <i><a href="/wiki/Liber_Pontificalis" title="Liber Pontificalis">Liber Pontificalis</a></i> of the early 13th century says of Pope Liberius: "He built the basilica of his own name near the <a href="/wiki/Macellum_Liviae" title="Macellum Liviae">Macellum of Livia</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is shown in the early 15th-century painting of the Miracle of the Snow by <a href="/wiki/Masolino_da_Panicale" title="Masolino da Panicale">Masolino da Panicale</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Miles_1993157_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Miles_1993157-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Masolino,_fondazione_di_santa_maria_maggiore.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Masolino%2C_fondazione_di_santa_maria_maggiore.jpg/170px-Masolino%2C_fondazione_di_santa_maria_maggiore.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="324" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Masolino%2C_fondazione_di_santa_maria_maggiore.jpg/255px-Masolino%2C_fondazione_di_santa_maria_maggiore.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Masolino%2C_fondazione_di_santa_maria_maggiore.jpg/340px-Masolino%2C_fondazione_di_santa_maria_maggiore.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1049" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Blessed_Virgin_Mary" class="mw-redirect" title="Blessed Virgin Mary">Blessed Virgin Mary</a> overlooking <a href="/wiki/Pope_Liberius" title="Pope Liberius">Pope Liberius</a> scrapes the outline of the foundation of the basilica into the snow. By Italian artist <a href="/wiki/Masolino_da_Panicale" title="Masolino da Panicale">Masolino da Panicale</a>; circa 15th-century, <a href="/wiki/Museo_di_Capodimonte" title="Museo di Capodimonte">Museo di Capodimonte</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>The feast was originally called <i>Dedicatio Sanctae Mariae</i> (Dedication of Saint Mary's),<sup id="cite_ref-cathency_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cathency-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and was celebrated only in Rome until it was inserted into the <a href="/wiki/General_Roman_Calendar" title="General Roman Calendar">General Roman Calendar</a>, with <i>ad Nives</i> added to its name, in 1568.<sup id="cite_ref-Calendarium_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Calendarium-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A congregation appointed by <a href="/wiki/Pope_Benedict_XIV" title="Pope Benedict XIV">Pope Benedict XIV</a> in 1741 proposed that the reading of the legend be struck from the Office and that the feast be given its original name.<sup id="cite_ref-cathency_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cathency-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> No action was taken on the proposal until 1969, when the reading of the legend was removed and the feast was called <i>In dedicatione Basilicae S. Mariae</i> (Dedication of the Basilica of Saint Mary).<sup id="cite_ref-Calendarium_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Calendarium-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The legend is still commemorated by dropping white <a href="/wiki/Rose" title="Rose">rose</a> petals from the dome during the celebration of the <a href="/wiki/Mass_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Mass in the Catholic Church">Mass</a> and during the Second <a href="/wiki/Vespers" title="Vespers">Vespers</a> on the feast day. </p><p>The earliest building on the site was the <b>Liberian Basilica</b> or <b>Santa Maria Liberiana</b>, after <a href="/wiki/Pope_Liberius" title="Pope Liberius">Pope Liberius</a> (352–366). This name may have originated from the same legend, which recounts that, like John and his wife, Pope Liberius was told in a dream of the forthcoming summer snowfall, went in procession to where it occurred and there marked out the area on which the church was to be built.<sup id="cite_ref-Parsch_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Parsch-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Liberiana</i> is still included in some versions of the basilica's name, and "Liberian Basilica" may be used as a contemporary as well as historical name.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On the other hand, the name "Liberian Basilica" may be independent of the legend, since, according to <a href="/wiki/Pius_Parsch" title="Pius Parsch">Pius Parsch</a>, Pope Liberius transformed a palace of the Sicinini family into a church, which was for that reason called the "Sicinini Basilica". This building was then replaced under <a href="/wiki/Pope_Sixtus_III" title="Pope Sixtus III">Pope Sixtus III</a> (432–440) by the present structure dedicated to Mary.<sup id="cite_ref-Parsch_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Parsch-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, some sources say that the adaptation as a church of a pre-existing building on the site of the present basilica was done in the 420s under <a href="/wiki/Pope_Celestine_I" title="Pope Celestine I">Pope Celestine I</a>, the immediate predecessor of Sixtus III.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Long before the earliest traces of the story of the miraculous snow, the church now known as Saint Mary Major was called "Saint Mary of the Crib" ("Sancta Maria ad Praesepe"),<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a name it was given because of its <a href="/wiki/Relic" title="Relic">relic</a> of the crib or manger of the Nativity of Jesus Christ, four boards of sycamore wood believed to have been brought to the church, together with a fifth, in the time of <a href="/wiki/Pope_Theodore_I" title="Pope Theodore I">Pope Theodore I</a> (640–649).<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This name appears in the <a href="/wiki/Tridentine_Mass" title="Tridentine Mass">Tridentine</a> editions of the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Missal" title="Roman Missal">Roman Missal</a> as the place for the pope's Mass (the station Mass) on Christmas Night,<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while the name "Mary Major" appears for the church of the station Mass on Christmas Day.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Status_as_a_papal_major_basilica">Status as a papal major basilica</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Santa_Maria_Maggiore&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Status as a papal major basilica"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Major_basilica" class="mw-redirect" title="Major basilica">Major basilica</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Seven_Churches_of_Rome_-_Giacomo_Lauro_-_1599.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Seven_Churches_of_Rome_-_Giacomo_Lauro_-_1599.jpg/220px-Seven_Churches_of_Rome_-_Giacomo_Lauro_-_1599.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="168" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Seven_Churches_of_Rome_-_Giacomo_Lauro_-_1599.jpg/330px-Seven_Churches_of_Rome_-_Giacomo_Lauro_-_1599.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Seven_Churches_of_Rome_-_Giacomo_Lauro_-_1599.jpg/440px-Seven_Churches_of_Rome_-_Giacomo_Lauro_-_1599.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1580" data-file-height="1208" /></a><figcaption>Map by Giacomo Lauro and Antonio Tempesta depicting Saint Mary Major among the <a href="/wiki/Seven_Pilgrim_Churches_of_Rome" title="Seven Pilgrim Churches of Rome">Seven Pilgrim Churches of Rome</a> in 1599, in view of the <a href="/wiki/Jubilee_(Christian)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jubilee (Christian)">Holy Year</a> of 1600</figcaption></figure> <p>A <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic</a> church can only be honored with the title of <i>basilica</i> by <a href="/wiki/Holy_See" title="Holy See">apostolic</a> grant or from immemorial custom.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> St. Mary Major is one of the only four that hold the title of "<a href="/wiki/Major_basilica" class="mw-redirect" title="Major basilica">major basilica</a>". The other three are the basilicas of <a href="/wiki/Basilica_di_San_Giovanni_in_Laterano" class="mw-redirect" title="Basilica di San Giovanni in Laterano">St. John in the Lateran</a>, <a href="/wiki/St._Peter%27s_Basilica" title="St. Peter's Basilica">St. Peter</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Basilica_of_Saint_Paul_Outside_the_Walls" title="Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls">St. Paul outside the Walls</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Basilicas_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Basilicas-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The title of major basilica was once used more widely, being attached, for instance, to the <a href="/wiki/Basilica_of_Santa_Maria_degli_Angeli" class="mw-redirect" title="Basilica of Santa Maria degli Angeli">Basilica of St. Mary of the Angels</a> in <a href="/wiki/Assisi" title="Assisi">Assisi</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Along with the other major basilicas, St. Mary Major is also styled a "<a href="/wiki/Major_basilica#Papal_Basilicas" class="mw-redirect" title="Major basilica">papal basilica</a>". Before 2006, the four papal major basilicas, together with the <a href="/wiki/Basilica_di_San_Lorenzo_fuori_le_Mura" class="mw-redirect" title="Basilica di San Lorenzo fuori le Mura">Basilica of St. Lawrence outside the Walls</a> were referred to as the "patriarchal basilicas" of Rome. When <a href="/wiki/Pope_Benedict_XVI" title="Pope Benedict XVI">Pope Benedict XVI</a> abandoned the title "<a href="/wiki/Patriarch_of_the_West" title="Patriarch of the West">Patriarch of the West</a>", the title of St. Mary Major changed from patriarchal to papal basilica, as found on its website,<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and each was associated with one of the <a href="/wiki/Pentarchy" title="Pentarchy">five ancient patriarchates</a>. St. Mary Major was associated with the <a href="/wiki/Patriarchate_of_Antioch" class="mw-redirect" title="Patriarchate of Antioch">Patriarchate of Antioch</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The five papal basilicas along with the <a href="/wiki/Basilica_of_the_Holy_Cross_in_Jerusalem" class="mw-redirect" title="Basilica of the Holy Cross in Jerusalem">Basilica of the Holy Cross in Jerusalem</a> and <a href="/wiki/San_Sebastiano_fuori_le_mura" title="San Sebastiano fuori le mura">San Sebastiano fuori le mura</a> were the traditional <a href="/wiki/Seven_Pilgrim_Churches_of_Rome" title="Seven Pilgrim Churches of Rome">Seven Pilgrim Churches of Rome</a>, which were visited by pilgrims during their pilgrimage to Rome following a 20-kilometer (12 mi) itinerary established by <a href="/wiki/Philip_Neri" title="Philip Neri">Philip Neri</a> on 25 February 1552.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Santa_Maria_Maggiore&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Giovanni_Paolo_Pannini_-_The_Piazza_and_Church_of_Santa_Maria_Maggiore.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Giovanni_Paolo_Pannini_-_The_Piazza_and_Church_of_Santa_Maria_Maggiore.jpg/300px-Giovanni_Paolo_Pannini_-_The_Piazza_and_Church_of_Santa_Maria_Maggiore.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="312" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Giovanni_Paolo_Pannini_-_The_Piazza_and_Church_of_Santa_Maria_Maggiore.jpg/450px-Giovanni_Paolo_Pannini_-_The_Piazza_and_Church_of_Santa_Maria_Maggiore.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Giovanni_Paolo_Pannini_-_The_Piazza_and_Church_of_Santa_Maria_Maggiore.jpg/600px-Giovanni_Paolo_Pannini_-_The_Piazza_and_Church_of_Santa_Maria_Maggiore.jpg 2x" data-file-width="941" data-file-height="980" /></a><figcaption>The Piazza and Church of Santa Maria Maggiore, by <a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Paolo_Panini" title="Giovanni Paolo Panini">Giovanni Paolo Panini</a></figcaption></figure> <p>It is now agreed that the present church was built on the Cispian spur of Rome's <a href="/wiki/Esquiline_Hill" title="Esquiline Hill">Esquiline Hill</a> under <a href="/wiki/Pope_Celestine_I" title="Pope Celestine I">Pope Celestine I</a> (422–432) not under <a href="/wiki/Pope_Sixtus_III" title="Pope Sixtus III">Pope Sixtus III</a> (432–440), who consecrated the basilica on 5 August 434 to the Virgin Mary. </p><p>The dedicatory inscription on the triumphal arch, <a href="/wiki/Latin_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin language">Latin</a>: <i lang="la">Sixtus Episcopus plebi Dei</i> (Sixtus the bishop to the people of God), is an indication of that Pope's role in the construction.<sup id="cite_ref-Krautheimer,_1980_p_49_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krautheimer,_1980_p_49-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As well as this church on the summit of the <a href="/wiki/Esquiline_Hill" title="Esquiline Hill">Esquiline Hill</a>, Pope Sixtus III is said to have commissioned extensive building projects throughout the city, which were continued by his successor <a href="/wiki/Pope_Leo_I" title="Pope Leo I">Pope Leo I</a>, the Great.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The church retains the core of its original structure, despite several additional construction projects and damage by the <a href="/wiki/Earthquake_of_1348" class="mw-redirect" title="Earthquake of 1348">earthquake of 1348</a>. </p><p>Church building in Rome in this period, as exemplified in Santa Maria Maggiore, was inspired by the idea of Rome being not just the center of the world of the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Empire" title="Roman Empire">Roman Empire</a>, as it was seen in the classical period, but the center of the Christian world.<sup id="cite_ref-Krautheimer46_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krautheimer46-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Santa Maria Maggiore, one of the first churches built to celebrate the Virgin Mary, was erected immediately after the <a href="/wiki/First_Council_of_Ephesus" class="mw-redirect" title="First Council of Ephesus">Council of Ephesus</a> of 431, which proclaimed Mary Mother of God. <a href="/wiki/Pope_Sixtus_III" title="Pope Sixtus III">Pope Sixtus III</a> built it to commemorate this decision.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Certainly, the atmosphere that generated the council gave rise also to the mosaics that adorn the interior of the dedication: "whatever the precise connection was between council and church it is clear that the planners of the decoration belong to a period of concentrated debates on nature and status of the Virgin and incarnate Christ."<sup id="cite_ref-Corm889_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Corm889-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The magnificent <a href="/wiki/Mosaics" class="mw-redirect" title="Mosaics">mosaics</a> of the nave and triumphal arch, seen as "milestones in the depiction" of the Virgin,<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> depict scenes of her life and that of Christ, but also scenes from the <a href="/wiki/Old_Testament" title="Old Testament">Old Testament</a>: Moses striking the <a href="/wiki/Red_Sea" title="Red Sea">Red Sea</a>, and Egyptians drowning in the Red Sea. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Richard_Krautheimer" title="Richard Krautheimer">Richard Krautheimer</a> attributes the magnificence of the work also to the abundant revenue accruing to the papacy at the time from land holdings acquired by the Catholic Church during the 4th and 5th centuries on the Italian peninsula: "Some of these holdings were locally controlled; the majority as early as the end of the 5th century were administered directly from Rome with great efficiency: a central accounting system was involved in the papal chancery; and a budget was apparently prepared, one part of the income going to the papal administration, another to the needs of the clergy, a third to the maintenance of church buildings, a fourth to charity. These fines enabled the papacy to carry out through the 5th century an ambitious building program, including Santa Maria Maggiore."<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Miri Rubin believes that the building of the basilica was influenced also by seeing Mary as one who could represent the imperial ideals of classical Rome, bringing together the old Rome and the new Christian Rome: "In Rome, the city of <a href="/wiki/Martyr" title="Martyr">martyrs</a>, if no longer of emperors, Mary was a figure that could credibly carry imperial memories and representations."<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Gregory_the_Great" class="mw-redirect" title="Gregory the Great">Gregory the Great</a> may have been inspired by Byzantine devotions to the <i>Theotokos</i> (Mother of God) when after becoming Pope during a plague in 590 that had taken the life of his predecessor, he ordered for seven processions to march through the city of Rome chanting Psalms and Kyrie Eleison, in order to appease the wrath of God. The processions began in different parts of the city, but rather than finally converging on St Peter's, who was always the traditional protector of Rome, he instead ordered the processions to converge on Mary Major instead.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>When the popes returned to Rome after the period of the <a href="/wiki/Avignon_papacy" class="mw-redirect" title="Avignon papacy">Avignon papacy</a>, the buildings of the basilica became a temporary <a href="/wiki/Palace_of_the_Popes_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Palace of the Popes (disambiguation)">Palace of the Popes</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2011)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> due to the deteriorated state of the <a href="/wiki/Lateran_Palace" title="Lateran Palace">Lateran Palace</a>. The papal residence was later moved to the <a href="/wiki/Palace_of_the_Vatican" class="mw-redirect" title="Palace of the Vatican">Palace of the Vatican</a> in what is now <a href="/wiki/Vatican_City" title="Vatican City">Vatican City</a>. </p><p>The basilica was restored, redecorated and extended by various popes, including <a href="/wiki/Pope_Eugene_III" title="Pope Eugene III">Eugene III</a> (1145–1153), <a href="/wiki/Pope_Nicholas_IV" title="Pope Nicholas IV">Nicholas IV</a> (1288–1292), <a href="/wiki/Pope_Clement_X" title="Pope Clement X">Clement X</a> (1670–1676), and <a href="/wiki/Pope_Benedict_XIV" title="Pope Benedict XIV">Benedict XIV</a> (1740–1758), who in the 1740s commissioned <a href="/wiki/Ferdinando_Fuga" title="Ferdinando Fuga">Ferdinando Fuga</a> to build the present façade and to modify the interior. The interior of the Santa Maria Maggiore underwent a broad renovation encompassing all of its altars between the years 1575 and 1630. </p><p>In 1966, archeologists excavating under the basilica found the remains of a Roman building including an <a href="/wiki/Roman_calendar" title="Roman calendar">imperial calendar</a> with <a href="/wiki/Fasti" title="Fasti">fasti</a> and <a href="/wiki/Menologium_rusticum#Other" class="mw-redirect" title="Menologium rusticum">agricultural annotations and illustrations</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDyson2010[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidwfN5dd5wbWgCpgPA295_295]_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDyson2010[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidwfN5dd5wbWgCpgPA295_295]-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On the basis of the calendar, the ruins have been dated to <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 200</span> by <a href="/wiki/Michele_R._Salzman" title="Michele R. Salzman">Salzman</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESalzman1990[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidxar95I_wpLMCpgPA11_11]_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESalzman1990[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidxar95I_wpLMCpgPA11_11]-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and to the 4th century by Magi.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMagi1972_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMagi1972-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 15 December 2015, two homeless <a href="/wiki/Arab_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Arab people">Arab</a> men attempted to disarm soldiers outside the basilica while yelling the <a href="/wiki/Takbir" title="Takbir">takbir</a> "<a href="/wiki/Allah" title="Allah">God</a> is great". The 30 and 40 year old <a href="/wiki/Palestinian_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Palestinian people">Palestinian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tunisian_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Tunisian people">Tunisian</a> called for others to help them as they threatened and assaulted the soldiers and police, but were arrested.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Architecture">Architecture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Santa_Maria_Maggiore&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Architecture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Apse_of_Santa_Maria_Maggiore.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Apse_of_Santa_Maria_Maggiore.jpg/280px-Apse_of_Santa_Maria_Maggiore.jpg" decoding="async" width="280" height="189" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Apse_of_Santa_Maria_Maggiore.jpg/420px-Apse_of_Santa_Maria_Maggiore.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Apse_of_Santa_Maria_Maggiore.jpg/560px-Apse_of_Santa_Maria_Maggiore.jpg 2x" data-file-width="8489" data-file-height="5729" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Piazza_dell%27Esquilino" class="mw-redirect" title="Piazza dell'Esquilino">Piazza dell'Esquilino</a> with the apse area of Santa Maria Maggiore</figcaption></figure> <p>The original architecture of Santa Maria Maggiore was classical and traditionally <a href="/wiki/Roman_architecture" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman architecture">Roman</a>, perhaps to convey the idea that Santa Maria Maggiore represented old imperial Rome as well as its Christian future. As one scholar puts it, "Santa Maria Maggiore so closely resembles a second-century imperial <a href="/wiki/Basilica" title="Basilica">basilica</a> that it has sometimes been thought to have been adapted from a basilica for use as a Christian church. Its plan was based on <a href="/wiki/Hellenistic" class="mw-redirect" title="Hellenistic">Hellenistic</a> principles stated by <a href="/wiki/Vitruvius" title="Vitruvius">Vitruvius</a> at the time of <a href="/wiki/Augustus" title="Augustus">Augustus</a>."<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Even though Santa Maria Maggiore is immense in its area, it was built to plan. The design of the basilica was a typical one during this time in Rome: "a tall and wide nave; an aisle on either side; and a semicircular apse at the end of the nave."<sup id="cite_ref-Krautheimer46_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krautheimer46-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The key aspect that made Santa Maria Maggiore such a significant cornerstone in church building during the early 5th century were the beautiful <a href="/wiki/Mosaics" class="mw-redirect" title="Mosaics">mosaics</a> found on the triumphal arch and nave. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2014)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Detail_of_the_Basilica_di_Santa_Maria_Maggiore.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Detail_of_the_Basilica_di_Santa_Maria_Maggiore.jpg/280px-Detail_of_the_Basilica_di_Santa_Maria_Maggiore.jpg" decoding="async" width="280" height="175" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Detail_of_the_Basilica_di_Santa_Maria_Maggiore.jpg/420px-Detail_of_the_Basilica_di_Santa_Maria_Maggiore.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Detail_of_the_Basilica_di_Santa_Maria_Maggiore.jpg/560px-Detail_of_the_Basilica_di_Santa_Maria_Maggiore.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2399" data-file-height="1496" /></a><figcaption>Detail of the external façade of the apse on the north-west of the church on Piazza dell'Esquilino</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bas%C3%ADlica_de_Santa_Mar%C3%ADa_la_Mayor,_Roma,_Italia,_2022-09-16,_DD_09-11_HDR.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Bas%C3%ADlica_de_Santa_Mar%C3%ADa_la_Mayor%2C_Roma%2C_Italia%2C_2022-09-16%2C_DD_09-11_HDR.jpg/220px-Bas%C3%ADlica_de_Santa_Mar%C3%ADa_la_Mayor%2C_Roma%2C_Italia%2C_2022-09-16%2C_DD_09-11_HDR.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="379" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Bas%C3%ADlica_de_Santa_Mar%C3%ADa_la_Mayor%2C_Roma%2C_Italia%2C_2022-09-16%2C_DD_09-11_HDR.jpg/330px-Bas%C3%ADlica_de_Santa_Mar%C3%ADa_la_Mayor%2C_Roma%2C_Italia%2C_2022-09-16%2C_DD_09-11_HDR.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Bas%C3%ADlica_de_Santa_Mar%C3%ADa_la_Mayor%2C_Roma%2C_Italia%2C_2022-09-16%2C_DD_09-11_HDR.jpg/440px-Bas%C3%ADlica_de_Santa_Mar%C3%ADa_la_Mayor%2C_Roma%2C_Italia%2C_2022-09-16%2C_DD_09-11_HDR.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4920" data-file-height="8481" /></a><figcaption>Interior view of the dome</figcaption></figure> <p>The Athenian marble columns supporting the nave are even older, and either come from the first basilica, or from another antique Roman building; thirty-six are marble and four granite, pared down, or shortened to make them identical by Ferdinando Fuga, who provided them with identical gilt-bronze capitals.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 14th-century <a href="/wiki/Campanile" class="mw-redirect" title="Campanile">campanile</a>, or bell tower, is the highest in Rome, at 246 feet, (about 75 m.). The basilica's 16th-century coffered ceiling, to a design by <a href="/wiki/Giuliano_da_Sangallo" title="Giuliano da Sangallo">Giuliano da Sangallo</a>, is said to be gilded with gold, initially brought by <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Columbus" title="Christopher Columbus">Christopher Columbus</a>, presented by <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_and_Isabella" class="mw-redirect" title="Ferdinand and Isabella">Ferdinand and Isabella</a> to the Spanish pope, <a href="/wiki/Pope_Alexander_VI" title="Pope Alexander VI">Alexander VI</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The apse mosaic, the <a href="/wiki/Coronation_of_the_Virgin" title="Coronation of the Virgin">Coronation of the Virgin</a>, is from 1295, signed by the <a href="/wiki/Franciscan" class="mw-redirect" title="Franciscan">Franciscan</a> friar, <a href="/wiki/Jacopo_Torriti" title="Jacopo Torriti">Jacopo Torriti</a>. The Basilica also contains frescoes by <a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Baglione" title="Giovanni Baglione">Giovanni Baglione</a>, in the Cappella Borghese. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2014)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The 12th-century façade has been masked by a reconstruction, with a screening <a href="/wiki/Loggia" title="Loggia">loggia</a>, that was added by <a href="/wiki/Pope_Benedict_XIV" title="Pope Benedict XIV">Pope Benedict XIV</a> in 1743, to designs by <a href="/wiki/Ferdinando_Fuga" title="Ferdinando Fuga">Ferdinando Fuga</a> that did not damage the mosaics of the façade. The wing of the <i>canonica</i> (<a href="/wiki/Sacristy" title="Sacristy">sacristy</a>) to its left and a matching wing to the right (designed by <a href="/wiki/Flaminio_Ponzio" title="Flaminio Ponzio">Flaminio Ponzio</a>) give the basilica's front the aspect of a palace facing the <i>Piazza Santa Maria Maggiore</i>. To the right of the Basilica's façade is a memorial constituting a column in the form of an up-ended cannon barrel topped with a cross: it was erected by <a href="/wiki/Pope_Clement_VIII" title="Pope Clement VIII">Pope Clement VIII</a> to celebrate the end of the <a href="/wiki/French_Wars_of_Religion" title="French Wars of Religion">French Wars of Religion</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the piazza in front of the facade rises a column with a Corinthian capital, topped with a statue of the Virgin and the child Jesus. This <a href="/wiki/Marian_column" class="mw-redirect" title="Marian column">Marian column</a> was erected in 1614 to the designs of <a href="/wiki/Carlo_Maderno" title="Carlo Maderno">Carlo Maderno</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Pope_Paul_V" title="Pope Paul V">papacy of Paul V</a>. Maderno's fountain at the base combines the armorial eagles and dragons of Paul V (<a href="/wiki/Borghese" class="mw-redirect" title="Borghese">Borghese</a>). The column itself was the sole intact remainder from the <a href="/wiki/Basilica_of_Maxentius_and_Constantine" class="mw-redirect" title="Basilica of Maxentius and Constantine">Basilica of Maxentius and Constantine</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Forum" title="Roman Forum">Roman Forum</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>d<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The statue atop the column was made by Domenico Ferri. In a <a href="/wiki/Papal_bull" title="Papal bull">papal bull</a> from the year of its installation, the pope decreed three years of <a href="/wiki/Indulgences" class="mw-redirect" title="Indulgences">indulgences</a> to those who uttered a prayer to the Virgin while saluting the column.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Interior">Interior</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Santa_Maria_Maggiore&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Interior"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fifth-century_mosaics">Fifth-century mosaics</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Santa_Maria_Maggiore&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Fifth-century mosaics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Interior_of_Santa_Maria_Maggiore_(Rome).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Interior_of_Santa_Maria_Maggiore_%28Rome%29.jpg/220px-Interior_of_Santa_Maria_Maggiore_%28Rome%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="159" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Interior_of_Santa_Maria_Maggiore_%28Rome%29.jpg/330px-Interior_of_Santa_Maria_Maggiore_%28Rome%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Interior_of_Santa_Maria_Maggiore_%28Rome%29.jpg/440px-Interior_of_Santa_Maria_Maggiore_%28Rome%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5165" data-file-height="3725" /></a><figcaption>Interior of the basilica: view down the nave towards the high altar</figcaption></figure> <p>The mosaics found in Santa Maria Maggiore are one of the oldest representations of the Virgin Mary in Christian <a href="/wiki/Late_antiquity" title="Late antiquity">late antiquity</a>. As one scholar puts it, "This is well demonstrated by the decoration of Santa Maria Maggiore in Rome,... where the iconographic depiction of the Virgin Mary was chosen at least in part to celebrate the affirmation of Mary as <a href="/wiki/Theotokos" title="Theotokos">Theotokos</a> (bearer of God) by the third ecumenical <a href="/wiki/First_Council_of_Ephesus" class="mw-redirect" title="First Council of Ephesus">Council of Ephesus</a> in 431 CE."<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The mosaics of the triumphal arch and the nave in Santa Maria Maggiore gave a model for the future representations of the Virgin Mary. The influences of these mosaics are rooted in late antique impressionism that could be seen in <a href="/wiki/Frescoes" class="mw-redirect" title="Frescoes">frescoes</a>, manuscript paintings and many pavement mosaics across villas in Africa, <a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sicily" title="Sicily">Sicily</a> during the 5th century.<sup id="cite_ref-Krautheimer,_1980_p_49_28-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krautheimer,_1980_p_49-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This being said, the crowning of Mary on the Apse was made much later by Torriti by commission of Pope Nicholas IV. (13th century).<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>These mosaics gave historians insight into artistic, religious, and social movements during this time. As <a href="/wiki/Margaret_R._Miles" title="Margaret R. Miles">Margaret R. Miles</a> explains the mosaics in Santa Maria Maggiore have two goals: one to glorify the Virgin Mary as Theotokos (God-Bearer); and the other to present "a systematic and comprehensive articulation of the relationship of the Hebrew Bible and the Christian scriptures as one in which the Hebrew Bible foreshadows Christianity."<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This is explained by the dual images of <a href="/wiki/Old_Testament" title="Old Testament">Old Testament</a> and <a href="/wiki/New_Testament" title="New Testament">New Testament</a> events depicted in the mosaics of the triumphal arch and the nave. The mosaics also show the range of artistic expertise and refute the theory that mosaic technique during the time was based on copying from model books. The mosaics found in Santa Maria Maggiore are combinations of different styles of mosaic art during the time, according to art scholar Robin Cormack: "the range of artistic expertise and the actual complexities of production can hardly be reduced to a mentality of copying. A test case is given by the mosaics of S. Maria Maggiore in Rome".<sup id="cite_ref-Corm889_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Corm889-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Triumphal_arch">Triumphal arch</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Santa_Maria_Maggiore&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Triumphal arch"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:RomaSantaMariaMaggioreArcoTrionfaleDxRegistro4.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/RomaSantaMariaMaggioreArcoTrionfaleDxRegistro4.jpg/220px-RomaSantaMariaMaggioreArcoTrionfaleDxRegistro4.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="224" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/RomaSantaMariaMaggioreArcoTrionfaleDxRegistro4.jpg/330px-RomaSantaMariaMaggioreArcoTrionfaleDxRegistro4.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/RomaSantaMariaMaggioreArcoTrionfaleDxRegistro4.jpg/440px-RomaSantaMariaMaggioreArcoTrionfaleDxRegistro4.jpg 2x" data-file-width="723" data-file-height="737" /></a><figcaption>Detail of the mosaic in the triumphal arch, showing Bethlehem</figcaption></figure> <p>The triumphal arch at the head of the nave was at first referred to as the <a href="/wiki/Apse" title="Apse">apse</a> arch, but later became known as the triumphal arch.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The triumphal arch is illustrated with magnificent mosaics depicting different scenes of Christ and the Virgin Mary. There was a difference in the styles used in the triumphal arch mosaics compared to those of the nave; the style of the triumphal arch was much more linear and flat as one scholar describes it, not nearly as much action, emotion and movement in them as there were in the Old Testament mosaics of the nave.<sup id="cite_ref-Corm889_33-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Corm889-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One of the first scenes that were visible on the triumphal arch was a panel of Christ's enthronement with a group of angels as his court. As one historian describes it: "On the apse arch Christ is enthroned, a young emperor attended by four <a href="/wiki/Chamberlain_(office)" title="Chamberlain (office)">chamberlains</a>, angels of course",<sup id="cite_ref-Krautheimer46_30-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krautheimer46-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> this is a perfect example of mosaic art in the 5th century. Another panel found on the triumphal arch is of the Virgin, she is crowned and dressed in a colorful veil, her wardrobe subtly brings to mind that of a Roman empress and in this panel she has her divine son walking with her and a suite of angels and Joseph ready to greet her; "The Virgin...shows to perfection the impressionistic character of mosaics."<sup id="cite_ref-Krautheimer,_1980_p_48_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krautheimer,_1980_p_48-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another panel is known as the <a href="/wiki/Adoration" title="Adoration">Adoration</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Magi" title="Magi">Magi</a> and this mosaic depicts Infant Christ and The Virgin and the arrival of the three wise men, "mosaics illustrating Christ's first coming and his youth covered the triumphal arch."<sup id="cite_ref-Krautheimer,_1980_p_48_52-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krautheimer,_1980_p_48-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The other panel depicts the Virgin accompanied by five martyrs.<sup id="cite_ref-Krautheimer,_1980_p_49_28-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krautheimer,_1980_p_49-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nave">Nave</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Santa_Maria_Maggiore&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Nave"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:SMM_Nave_Mosaic.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/SMM_Nave_Mosaic.jpg/220px-SMM_Nave_Mosaic.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="182" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/SMM_Nave_Mosaic.jpg/330px-SMM_Nave_Mosaic.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/SMM_Nave_Mosaic.jpg/440px-SMM_Nave_Mosaic.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2200" data-file-height="1822" /></a><figcaption>A nave mosaic from the story of Moses</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Basilica_di_Santa_Maria_Maggiore_abside_a_Roma.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Basilica_di_Santa_Maria_Maggiore_abside_a_Roma.jpg/170px-Basilica_di_Santa_Maria_Maggiore_abside_a_Roma.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="208" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Basilica_di_Santa_Maria_Maggiore_abside_a_Roma.jpg/255px-Basilica_di_Santa_Maria_Maggiore_abside_a_Roma.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Basilica_di_Santa_Maria_Maggiore_abside_a_Roma.jpg/340px-Basilica_di_Santa_Maria_Maggiore_abside_a_Roma.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6500" data-file-height="7934" /></a><figcaption>The apse of the basilica</figcaption></figure> <p>The nave of the basilica was covered in mosaics representing Old Testament events of <a href="/wiki/Moses" title="Moses">Moses</a> leading the <a href="/wiki/Jews" title="Jews">Jews</a> out of <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a> across the Red Sea. "The nave mosaics (which represents stories of Old Testament history and accordingly offered Christians in Rome a new 'past') are illusionistic in a colorful and impressionist manner"<sup id="cite_ref-Corm889_33-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Corm889-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as this scholar puts it the scene was filled with movement, emotion, and it was to inspire thinking of Rome's "new" past; the past of the Old Testament. As one scholar describes it: "Moses strikes the waters of the Red Sea in a heroic gesture, his toga in light and dark grays and blues, but lined in black, the folds white lines, the tunic underneath light blue; the man next to him wears a deep blue toga over a gray and white tunic."<sup id="cite_ref-Krautheimer,_1980_p_49_28-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krautheimer,_1980_p_49-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another panel shows the demise of the <a href="/wiki/Egyptians" title="Egyptians">Egyptians</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Red_Sea" title="Red Sea">Red Sea</a>. An observer describes the mosaic: "The Egyptians, clad in blue armor with gold bands and scarlet cloaks wildly flying, drown in the greenish-blue waters; the horses, white or light brown shaded with darker browns, highlighted in white, the accoutrements a bright red."<sup id="cite_ref-Krautheimer,_1980_p_48_52-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krautheimer,_1980_p_48-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cappella_Sistina_and_Crypt_of_the_Nativity">Cappella Sistina and Crypt of the Nativity</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Santa_Maria_Maggiore&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Cappella Sistina and Crypt of the Nativity"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sacra_culla.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Sacra_culla.jpg/220px-Sacra_culla.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Sacra_culla.jpg/330px-Sacra_culla.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Sacra_culla.jpg/440px-Sacra_culla.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1920" /></a><figcaption>Reliquary of the Holy Crib</figcaption></figure> <p>Under the high altar of the basilica is the <b>Crypt of the Nativity</b> or <i>Bethlehem Crypt</i>, with a crystal reliquary designed by <a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Valadier" title="Giuseppe Valadier">Giuseppe Valadier</a> said to contain wood from the Holy Crib of the nativity of <a href="/wiki/Jesus" title="Jesus">Jesus</a> Christ.<sup id="cite_ref-Inside_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Inside-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Here is the burial place of <a href="/wiki/Jerome" title="Jerome">Jerome</a>, the 4th-century <a href="/wiki/Doctor_of_the_Church" title="Doctor of the Church">Doctor of the Church</a> who translated the Bible into the <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin language</a> (the <a href="/wiki/Vulgate" title="Vulgate">Vulgate</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-Destinations_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Destinations-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Santa_Maria_Maggiore_(Rome)_06.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Santa_Maria_Maggiore_%28Rome%29_06.jpg/170px-Santa_Maria_Maggiore_%28Rome%29_06.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="255" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Santa_Maria_Maggiore_%28Rome%29_06.jpg/255px-Santa_Maria_Maggiore_%28Rome%29_06.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Santa_Maria_Maggiore_%28Rome%29_06.jpg/340px-Santa_Maria_Maggiore_%28Rome%29_06.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2796" data-file-height="4194" /></a><figcaption>Altar of Sistine Chapel and Oratory of the Nativity</figcaption></figure> <p>Fragments of the sculpture of the Nativity believed to be by 13th-century <a href="/wiki/Arnolfo_di_Cambio" title="Arnolfo di Cambio">Arnolfo di Cambio</a> were transferred to beneath the altar of the large Sistine Chapel<sup id="cite_ref-Inside_53-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Inside-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> off the right transept of the church. This chapel of the Blessed Sacrament is named after <a href="/wiki/Pope_Sixtus_V" title="Pope Sixtus V">Pope Sixtus V</a>, and is not to be confused with the <a href="/wiki/Sistine_Chapel" title="Sistine Chapel">Sistine Chapel</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Palace" title="Apostolic Palace">Vatican</a>, named after <a href="/wiki/Pope_Sixtus_IV" title="Pope Sixtus IV">Pope Sixtus IV</a>. The architect <a href="/wiki/Domenico_Fontana" title="Domenico Fontana">Domenico Fontana</a> designed the chapel, which contains the tombs of Sixtus V himself and of his early patron <a href="/wiki/Pope_Pius_V" title="Pope Pius V">Pope Pius V</a>. The main altar in the chapel has four gilded bronze angels by Sebastiano Torregiani, holding up the <a href="/wiki/Ciborium_(architecture)" title="Ciborium (architecture)">ciborium</a>, which is a model of the chapel itself. </p><p>Beneath this altar is the Oratory or Chapel of the Nativity, on whose altar, at that time situated in the Crypt of the Nativity below the main altar of the church itself, <a href="/wiki/Ignatius_of_Loyola" title="Ignatius of Loyola">Ignatius of Loyola</a> celebrated his first Mass as a priest on 25 December 1538. </p><p>Just outside the Sistine Chapel is the tomb of <a href="/wiki/Gianlorenzo_Bernini" class="mw-redirect" title="Gianlorenzo Bernini">Gianlorenzo Bernini</a> and his family.<sup id="cite_ref-Destinations_54-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Destinations-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Mannerism" title="Mannerism">Mannerist</a> interior decoration of the Sistine Chapel was completed (1587–1589) by a large team of artists, directed by <a href="/wiki/Cesare_Nebbia" title="Cesare Nebbia">Cesare Nebbia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Guerra" title="Giovanni Guerra">Giovanni Guerra</a>. While the art biographer, <a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Baglione" title="Giovanni Baglione">Giovanni Baglione</a> allocates specific works to individual artists, recent scholarship finds that the hand of Nebbia drew preliminary sketches for many, if not all, of the frescoes. Baglione also concedes the roles of Nebbia and Guerra could be summarized as "Nebbia drew, and Guerra supervised the teams".<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th width="30%">Painter </th> <th width="70%">Work </th></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>Giovanni Battista Pozzo </td> <td><i>Angelic Glory, Visitation, Annunciation, Joseph's dream, St. Paul & John Evangelist, St. Peter enters Rome,& Massacre of infants</i> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><a href="/wiki/Lattanzio_Mainardi" title="Lattanzio Mainardi">Lattanzio Mainardi</a> </td> <td><i>Tamar, Fares, Zara, Solomon, & Boaz</i> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><a href="/wiki/Hendrick_van_den_Broeck" title="Hendrick van den Broeck">Hendrick van den Broeck</a> (Arrigo Fiammingo) </td> <td><i>Esrom, Aram, Aminabad & Naassom</i> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><a href="/wiki/Paris_Nogari" title="Paris Nogari">Paris Nogari</a> </td> <td><i>Ruth, Jesse, David, Solomon & Roboam; & the Holy Family</i> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><a href="/wiki/Giacomo_Stella" title="Giacomo Stella">Giacomo Stella</a> </td> <td><i>Jehoshaphat & Jehoram, Jacob, Judah & his brothers, Sacrifice of Isacc</i> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>Angiolo Nebbia </td> <td><i>Ozias & Jonathan, Abiud and Eliacim, Manassah and Amon, Josiah and Jechonia, Salatiele & Zorobabel</i> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>Salvatore Fontana </td> <td><i>Jacob, Eli, Eliezer and Nathan, Herod orders massacre of the innocents, Annunciation</i> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><a href="/wiki/Cesare_Nebbia" title="Cesare Nebbia">Cesare Nebbia</a> </td> <td><i>Chaziel & Ezekias, Sadoch, Achim, Amoz</i> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>Ercole from Bologna </td> <td><i>Flight from Egypt</i> and <i>Mary visits Elisabeth's house</i> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><a href="/wiki/Andrea_Lilio" title="Andrea Lilio">Andrea Lilio</a> </td> <td><i>Magi before Herod</i> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p>Others include Ferdinando Sermei, <a href="/wiki/Giacomo_Stella" title="Giacomo Stella">Giacomo Stella</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paul_Bril" title="Paul Bril">Paul Bril</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Ferra%C3%B9_Fenzoni" title="Ferraù Fenzoni">Ferraù Fenzoni</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cappella_Paolina_(or_Borghese_Chapel)_and_Salus_Populi_Romani"><span id="Cappella_Paolina_.28or_Borghese_Chapel.29_and_Salus_Populi_Romani"></span>Cappella Paolina (or Borghese Chapel) and Salus Populi Romani</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Santa_Maria_Maggiore&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Cappella Paolina (or Borghese Chapel) and Salus Populi Romani"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Santamariamaggiore2b.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Santamariamaggiore2b.jpg/220px-Santamariamaggiore2b.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="202" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Santamariamaggiore2b.jpg/330px-Santamariamaggiore2b.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Santamariamaggiore2b.jpg/440px-Santamariamaggiore2b.jpg 2x" data-file-width="685" data-file-height="630" /></a><figcaption>The Borghese Chapel</figcaption></figure> <p>The column in the Piazza Santa Maria Maggiore celebrates the famous <a href="/wiki/Icon" title="Icon">icon</a> of the Virgin Mary now enshrined in the Borghese Chapel of the basilica. It is known as "<a href="/wiki/Salus_Populi_Romani" title="Salus Populi Romani">Salus Populi Romani</a>", or "Health of the Roman People" or "Salvation of the Roman People", due to a miracle in which the icon reportedly helped keep plague from the city. The icon is at least a thousand years old, and according to a tradition was painted from life by <a href="/wiki/Luke_the_Evangelist" title="Luke the Evangelist">St Luke the Evangelist</a> using the wooden table of the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Family" title="Holy Family">Holy Family</a> in <a href="/wiki/Nazareth" title="Nazareth">Nazareth</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Virgin_salus_populi_romani.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Virgin_salus_populi_romani.jpg/170px-Virgin_salus_populi_romani.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="281" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Virgin_salus_populi_romani.jpg/255px-Virgin_salus_populi_romani.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Virgin_salus_populi_romani.jpg/340px-Virgin_salus_populi_romani.jpg 2x" data-file-width="408" data-file-height="674" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/Salus_Populi_Romani" title="Salus Populi Romani">Salus Populi Romani</a></i>, perhaps the oldest <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Marian_art" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic Marian art">Marian image</a> in Rome</figcaption></figure> <p>The "<a href="/wiki/Salus_Populi_Romani" title="Salus Populi Romani">Salus Populi Romani</a>" has been praised by several popes and acted as a key <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Mariology" title="Catholic Mariology">Mariological</a> symbol. </p><p>Prior to becoming the Pope Pius XII, Cardinal <a href="/wiki/Eugenio_Pacelli" class="mw-redirect" title="Eugenio Pacelli">Eugenio Pacelli</a> celebrated his first <a href="/wiki/Mass_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Mass in the Catholic Church">Catholic Mass</a> before the image inside the Borghese Chapel on <a href="/wiki/Easter_Sunday" class="mw-redirect" title="Easter Sunday">Easter Sunday</a>, 2 April 1899. In December 1953, the icon was carried through Rome to initiate the first <a href="/wiki/Marian_year" title="Marian year">Marian year</a>. On 1 November 1954, the icon was translated and officially crowned by <a href="/wiki/Pope_Pius_XII" title="Pope Pius XII">Pope Pius XII</a> at <a href="/wiki/Basilica_of_Saint_Peter" class="mw-redirect" title="Basilica of Saint Peter">Basilica of Saint Peter</a> as he gave a personal speech and introduced a new Marian feast <a href="/wiki/Queenship_of_Mary" class="mw-redirect" title="Queenship of Mary">Queenship of Mary</a>. </p><p>Future pontiffs <a href="/wiki/Pope_Paul_VI" title="Pope Paul VI">Pope Paul VI</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pope_John_Paul_II" title="Pope John Paul II">Pope John Paul II</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pope_Benedict_XVI" title="Pope Benedict XVI">Pope Benedict XVI</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Pope_Francis" title="Pope Francis">Pope Francis</a> all visited the "Salus Populi Romani" and led liturgical celebrations. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Papal_basilica">Papal basilica</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Santa_Maria_Maggiore&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Papal basilica"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As a papal basilica, Santa Maria Maggiore is often used by the pope. He presides over the rites for the annual <a href="/wiki/Feast_of_the_Assumption_of_Mary" class="mw-redirect" title="Feast of the Assumption of Mary">Feast of the Assumption of Mary</a> on 15 August there. Except for a few priests and the basilica's archpriest, the <a href="/wiki/Baldachin" title="Baldachin">canopied</a> high altar is reserved for use by the pope alone. <a href="/wiki/Pope_Francis" title="Pope Francis">Pope Francis</a> visited the basilica on the day after his election.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The pope gives charge of the basilica to an archpriest, usually a <a href="/wiki/Cardinal_(Catholic_Church)" title="Cardinal (Catholic Church)">cardinal</a>. Formerly, the archpriest was the titular <a href="/wiki/Latin_Patriarch_of_Antioch" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin Patriarch of Antioch">Latin Patriarch of Antioch</a>, a title abolished in 1964. Since 29 December 2016, the archpriest has been <a href="/wiki/Stanis%C5%82aw_Ry%C5%82ko" title="Stanisław Ryłko">Stanisław Ryłko</a>. </p><p>In addition to the archpriest and his assistant priests, a chapter of <a href="/wiki/Canon_(priest)" class="mw-redirect" title="Canon (priest)">canons</a> is resident. <a href="/wiki/Congregation_of_the_Most_Holy_Redeemer" class="mw-redirect" title="Congregation of the Most Holy Redeemer">Redemptorist</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dominican_Order" title="Dominican Order">Dominican</a> and <a href="/wiki/Franciscan_Friars_of_the_Immaculate" title="Franciscan Friars of the Immaculate">Franciscan Friars of the Immaculate</a> priests serve the church. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/King_of_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="King of Spain">King of Spain</a>, currently <a href="/wiki/Felipe_VI_of_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="Felipe VI of Spain">Felipe VI</a>, is <i>ex officio</i> <a href="/wiki/Protopriest" title="Protopriest">protocanon</a> of the basilica's <a href="/wiki/Canon_(priest)" class="mw-redirect" title="Canon (priest)">chapter</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Pope Francis visits the Basilica often, mainly to visit the Salus Populi Romani. He visits before and after trips outside the Vatican, calling the icon his "great devotion". He has also constructed a <a href="/wiki/List_of_extant_papal_tombs" title="List of extant papal tombs">tomb</a> next to the icon to be his final resting place upon his death. Francis plans to be the first pope to be interred outside the Vatican since <a href="/wiki/Pope_Leo_XIII" title="Pope Leo XIII">Pope Leo XIII</a> in 1903.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Archpriests_of_the_Basilica_di_Santa_Maria_Maggiore_since_1127">Archpriests of the Basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore since 1127</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Santa_Maria_Maggiore&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Archpriests of the Basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore since 1127"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>List of archpriests since 1127.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>e<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ul><li>Rainiero (attested 1127–1130)</li> <li>Matteo (attested 1153)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Clement_III" title="Pope Clement III">Paolo Scolari</a> (attested 1176–1187)</li> <li>Rolando (attested 1189–1193)</li> <li>Pietro Sasso (attested 1212)<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>f<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Romano (attested 1222)</li> <li>Astor (attested 1244)</li> <li>Pietro Capocci (?) (named in 1245?)<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>g<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Romano (attested 1258)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adrian_V" class="mw-redirect" title="Adrian V">Ottobono Fieschi</a> (1262–1276)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giacomo_Colonna_(cardinal)" title="Giacomo Colonna (cardinal)">Giacomo Colonna</a> (1288–1297)</li> <li>Francesco Napoleone Orsini (administrator 1298–1306)</li> <li>Giacomo Colonna (again) (1306–1318)</li> <li>Pietro <a href="/wiki/Colonna_family" title="Colonna family">Colonna</a> (1318–1326)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luca_Fieschi" title="Luca Fieschi">Luca Fieschi</a> (1326?–1336)</li> <li>Giovanni Colonna (1336–1348)</li> <li>Nicola Capocci (after 1350–1368)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregory_XI" class="mw-redirect" title="Gregory XI">Pierre Roger de Beaufort</a> (1368–1370)</li> <li>Marino Giudice (?–1385)</li> <li>Marino Bulcani (1385–1394)</li> <li>Stefano Palosio (1394–1396)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enrico_Minutoli" title="Enrico Minutoli">Enrico Minutoli</a> (1396–1412)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rinaldo_Brancaccio" title="Rinaldo Brancaccio">Rinaldo Brancaccio</a> (1412–1427)</li> <li>Francesco Lando (1427)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_de_la_Rochetaill%C3%A9e" class="mw-redirect" title="Jean de la Rochetaillée">Jean de la Rochetaillée</a> (1428–1437)</li> <li>Antonio Casini (1437–1439)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Vitelleschi" title="Giovanni Vitelleschi">Giovanni Vitelleschi</a> (1439–1440)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicola_Albergati" class="mw-redirect" title="Nicola Albergati">Nicola Albergati</a> (1440–1443)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guillaume_d%27Estouteville" title="Guillaume d'Estouteville">Guillaume d'Estouteville</a> (1443–1483)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rodrigo_Borgia" class="mw-redirect" title="Rodrigo Borgia">Rodrigo Borgia</a> (1483–1492)</li> <li>Giovanni Battista Savelli (1492–1498)</li> <li>Giovanni Battista Orsini (1498–1503)</li> <li>Giuliano Cesarini iuniore (1503–1510)</li> <li>Pedro Luis Borja Lanzol de Romani (1510–1511)</li> <li>Robert Guibe (1511)</li> <li>Francisco de Remolins (1511–1518)</li> <li>Leonardo Grosso della Rovere (1518–1520)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrea_della_Valle" title="Andrea della Valle">Andrea della Valle</a> (1520–1534)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paolo_Emilio_Cesi" title="Paolo Emilio Cesi">Paolo Emilio Cesi</a> (1534–1537)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alessandro_Farnese_(cardinal)" title="Alessandro Farnese (cardinal)">Alessandro Farnese</a> (1537–1543)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guido_Ascanio_Sforza" class="mw-redirect" title="Guido Ascanio Sforza">Guido Ascanio Sforza</a> (1543–1564)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlo_Borromeo" class="mw-redirect" title="Carlo Borromeo">Carlo Borromeo</a> (1564–1572)</li> <li>Alessandro Sforza (1572–1581)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filippo_Boncompagni" title="Filippo Boncompagni">Filippo Boncompagni</a> (1581–1586)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decio_Azzolini_(seniore)" title="Decio Azzolini (seniore)">Decio Azzolini (seniore)</a> (1586–1587)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domenico_Pinelli" title="Domenico Pinelli">Domenico Pinelli</a> (1587–1611)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michelangelo_Tonti" title="Michelangelo Tonti">Michelangelo Tonti</a> (1611–1612)</li> <li>Giovanni Garzia Millini (1612–1629)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francesco_Barberini_(1597%E2%80%931679)" title="Francesco Barberini (1597–1679)">Francesco Barberini</a> (1629–1633)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Barberini" title="Antonio Barberini">Antonio Barberini</a> (1633–1671)</li> <li>Giacomo Rospigliosi (1671–1684)</li> <li>Felice Rospigliosi (1684–1688)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_Howard_(cardinal)" title="Philip Howard (cardinal)">Philip Thomas Howard</a> (1689–1694)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benedetto_Pamphili" title="Benedetto Pamphili">Benedetto Pamphili</a> (1694–1699)</li> <li>Giacomo Antonio Morigia (1699–1701)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pietro_Ottoboni_(cardinal)" title="Pietro Ottoboni (cardinal)">Pietro Ottoboni</a> (1702–1730)</li> <li>Ludovico Pico della Mirandola (1730–1743)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Girolamo_Colonna_di_Sciarra" title="Girolamo Colonna di Sciarra">Girolamo Colonna di Sciarra</a> (1743–1763)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcantonio_Colonna_(iuniore)" class="mw-redirect" title="Marcantonio Colonna (iuniore)">Marcantonio Colonna (iuniore)</a> (1763–1793)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrea_Corsini_(cardinal)" title="Andrea Corsini (cardinal)">Andrea Corsini</a> (1793–1795)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gian_Francesco_Albani" title="Gian Francesco Albani">Gian Francesco Albani</a> (1795–1803)</li> <li>Antonio Despuig y Dameto (28 December 1803 – 2 May 1813)</li> <li>Giovanni Gallarati Scotti (1814 – 6 October 1819)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Leo_XII" title="Pope Leo XII">Annibale Francesco Della Genga</a> (10 February 18 – 28 September 1823)</li> <li>Benedetto Naro (1 January 1824 – 6 October 1832)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlo_Odescalchi" title="Carlo Odescalchi">Carlo Odescalchi</a> (1832 – 21 November 1834)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Antonio_Sala" title="Giuseppe Antonio Sala">Giuseppe Antonio Sala</a> (11 December 1838 – 23 August 1839)</li> <li>Luigi del Drago (29 August 1839 – 28 April 1845)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Costantino_Patrizi_Naro" title="Costantino Patrizi Naro">Costantino Patrizi Naro</a> (24 April 1845 – 21 September 1867)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustav_Adolf_Hohenlohe" class="mw-redirect" title="Gustav Adolf Hohenlohe">Gustav Adolf Hohenlohe</a> (15 July 1878 – 30 October 1896)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vincenzo_Vannutelli" title="Vincenzo Vannutelli">Vincenzo Vannutelli</a> (16 December 1896 – 9 July 1930)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bonaventura_Cerretti" title="Bonaventura Cerretti">Bonaventura Cerretti</a> (16 July 1930 – 8 May 1933)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angelo_Dolci" title="Angelo Dolci">Angelo Dolci</a> (22 May 1933 – 13 September 1939)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alessandro_Verde" title="Alessandro Verde">Alessandro Verde</a> (11 October 1939 – 29 March 1958)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlo_Confalonieri" title="Carlo Confalonieri">Carlo Confalonieri</a> (16 November 1959 – 1 August 1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luigi_Dadaglio" title="Luigi Dadaglio">Luigi Dadaglio</a> (15 December 1986 – 22 August 1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ugo_Poletti" title="Ugo Poletti">Ugo Poletti</a> (17 January 1991 – 25 February 1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlo_Furno" title="Carlo Furno">Carlo Furno</a> (29 September 1997 – 27 May 2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Francis_Law" title="Bernard Francis Law">Bernard Francis Law</a> (27 May 2004 – 21 November 2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santos_Abril_y_Castell%C3%B3" title="Santos Abril y Castelló">Santos Abril y Castelló</a> (21 November 2011 – 28 December 2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanis%C5%82aw_Ry%C5%82ko" title="Stanisław Ryłko">Stanisław Ryłko</a> (28 December 2016 – ) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rolandas_Makrickas" title="Rolandas Makrickas">Rolandas Makrickas</a>, coadjutor archpriest (20 March 2024)</li></ul></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="List_of_major_works_of_art_in_the_basilica">List of major works of art in the basilica</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Santa_Maria_Maggiore&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: List of major works of art in the basilica"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dome_of_Cappella_Paolina_in_Santa_Maria_Maggiore_(Rome).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Dome_of_Cappella_Paolina_in_Santa_Maria_Maggiore_%28Rome%29.jpg/170px-Dome_of_Cappella_Paolina_in_Santa_Maria_Maggiore_%28Rome%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="242" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Dome_of_Cappella_Paolina_in_Santa_Maria_Maggiore_%28Rome%29.jpg/255px-Dome_of_Cappella_Paolina_in_Santa_Maria_Maggiore_%28Rome%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Dome_of_Cappella_Paolina_in_Santa_Maria_Maggiore_%28Rome%29.jpg/340px-Dome_of_Cappella_Paolina_in_Santa_Maria_Maggiore_%28Rome%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3320" data-file-height="4734" /></a><figcaption>Pauline Chapel dome frescoes, by <a href="/wiki/Guido_Reni" title="Guido Reni">Guido Reni</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li>Ancient Roman <a href="/wiki/Menologium_rusticum#Others" class="mw-redirect" title="Menologium rusticum">agricultural calendar</a></li> <li>Early Christian mosaic cycle depicting Old Testament events, 5th century</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Salus_Populi_Romani" title="Salus Populi Romani">Salus Populi Romani</a>, a much venerated early icon of the Virgin and Child.</li> <li>Funerary monument of <a href="/wiki/Pope_Clement_IX" title="Pope Clement IX">Clement IX</a> (1671) by <a href="/wiki/Carlo_Rainaldi" title="Carlo Rainaldi">Carlo Rainaldi</a> with the papal bust by <a href="/wiki/Domenico_Guidi" title="Domenico Guidi">Domenico Guidi</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_King_Philip_IV_of_Spain_(Bernini)" title="Statue of King Philip IV of Spain (Bernini)">Statue of King Philip IV of Spain</a> by <a href="/wiki/Gian_Lorenzo_Bernini" title="Gian Lorenzo Bernini">Gian Lorenzo Bernini</a>, 1666.</li> <li>Temporary <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catafalque_for_Philip_IV_of_Spain" title="Roman Catafalque for Philip IV of Spain">catafalque for Philip IV of Spain</a> designed in 1665 by <a href="/wiki/Carlo_Rainaldi" title="Carlo Rainaldi">Rainaldi</a>, no longer exists.</li> <li>Funerary monument of <a href="/wiki/Pope_Nicholas_IV" title="Pope Nicholas IV">Pope Nicholas IV</a>, designed by <a href="/wiki/Domenico_Fontana" title="Domenico Fontana">Domenico Fontana</a> in 1574.</li> <li>Bust of Costanzo Patrizi by <a href="/wiki/Alessandro_Algardi" title="Alessandro Algardi">Algardi</a>.</li> <li>Sacristy frescoes by <a href="/wiki/Domenico_Passignano" title="Domenico Passignano">Domenico Passignano</a> and <a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Puglia" title="Giuseppe Puglia">Giuseppe Puglia</a>,</li> <li>High altar sculpture by <a href="/wiki/Pietro_Bracci" title="Pietro Bracci">Pietro Bracci</a>, (c. 1750).</li> <li>Statue of <a href="/wiki/Pius_IX" class="mw-redirect" title="Pius IX">Pius IX</a> in prayer by <a href="/wiki/Ignazio_Jacometti" title="Ignazio Jacometti">Ignazio Jacometti</a>, (c. 1880).</li> <li>Pauline Chapel frescoes, by <a href="/wiki/Guido_Reni" title="Guido Reni">Guido Reni</a></li> <li>Frescoes for the monument of <a href="/wiki/Pope_Clement_VIII" title="Pope Clement VIII">Clement VIII</a>, <a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Lanfranco" title="Giovanni Lanfranco">Lanfranco</a></li> <li>Cesi Chapel tombs by <a href="/wiki/Guglielmo_della_Porta" title="Guglielmo della Porta">Guglielmo della Porta</a></li> <li>Altar, confessio and Presepio (crib) sculptures by <a href="/wiki/Arnolfo_di_Cambio" title="Arnolfo di Cambio">Arnolfo di Cambio</a>, about 1290</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Burials_in_the_church">Burials in the church</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Santa_Maria_Maggiore&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Burials in the church"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/List_of_extant_papal_tombs" title="List of extant papal tombs">List of extant papal tombs</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks" style="width:20.0em;"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-top-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_the_Papacy_SE.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Emblem_of_the_Papacy_SE.svg/25px-Emblem_of_the_Papacy_SE.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Emblem_of_the_Papacy_SE.svg/38px-Emblem_of_the_Papacy_SE.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Emblem_of_the_Papacy_SE.svg/50px-Emblem_of_the_Papacy_SE.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="815" data-file-height="1105" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle-with-top-image">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Catholic_Mariology" title="Category:Catholic Mariology">a series</a> on the</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle"><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Mariology" title="Catholic Mariology">Mariology</a><br />of the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic Church</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Inmaculada_Concepci%C3%B3n_de_Aranjuez.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Immaculate Conception"><img alt="Immaculate Conception" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Inmaculada_Concepci%C3%B3n_de_Aranjuez.jpg/150px-Inmaculada_Concepci%C3%B3n_de_Aranjuez.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="279" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Inmaculada_Concepci%C3%B3n_de_Aranjuez.jpg/225px-Inmaculada_Concepci%C3%B3n_de_Aranjuez.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Inmaculada_Concepci%C3%B3n_de_Aranjuez.jpg/300px-Inmaculada_Concepci%C3%B3n_de_Aranjuez.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1459" data-file-height="2717" /></a></span><div class="sidebar-caption"><i><a href="/wiki/Aranjuez_Immaculate_Conception" title="Aranjuez Immaculate Conception">Immaculate Conception</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Bartolom%C3%A9_Esteban_Murillo" title="Bartolomé Esteban Murillo">Bartolomé Esteban Murillo</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1675</span>)</span></div></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background-color:gold;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Mary,_mother_of_Jesus" title="Mary, mother of Jesus">Overview</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marian_devotions" title="Marian devotions">Prayers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marian_antiphons" class="mw-redirect" title="Marian antiphons">Antiphons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titles_of_Mary" class="mw-redirect" title="Titles of Mary">Titles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hymns_to_Mary" title="Hymns to Mary">Hymns to Mary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marian_devotions" title="Marian devotions">Devotional practices</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariology_of_the_saints" title="Mariology of the saints">Saints</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Marian_movements_and_societies" title="Catholic Marian movements and societies">Societies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consecration_and_entrustment_to_Mary" title="Consecration and entrustment to Mary">Consecrations and entrustments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veneration_of_Mary_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Veneration of Mary in the Catholic Church">Veneration</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background-color:gold;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Titles_of_Mary" class="mw-redirect" title="Titles of Mary">Titles of Mary</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Theotokos" title="Theotokos"><i>Theotokos</i> (Mother of God)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mediatrix" title="Mediatrix">Mediatrix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mother_of_the_Church" title="Mother of the Church">Mother of the Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Good_Counsel" title="Our Lady of Good Counsel">Our Lady of Good Counsel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Mount_Carmel" title="Our Lady of Mount Carmel">Our Lady of Mount Carmel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Sorrows" title="Our Lady of Sorrows">Our Lady of Sorrows</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Victory" class="mw-redirect" title="Our Lady of Victory">Our Lady of Victory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady,_Star_of_the_Sea" title="Our Lady, Star of the Sea">Our Lady, Star of the Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_of_Heaven" title="Queen of Heaven">Queen of Heaven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_of_Peace" class="mw-redirect" title="Queen of Peace">Queen of Peace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Most_Holy_Virgin_Mary,_Queen_of_Poland" title="The Most Holy Virgin Mary, Queen of Poland">Queen of Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Refugium_Peccatorum" title="Refugium Peccatorum"><i>Refugium Peccatorum</i> (Refuge of Sinners)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary,_Untier_of_Knots" title="Mary, Untier of Knots">Untier of Knots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virgin_of_Mercy" title="Virgin of Mercy">Virgin of Mercy</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background-color:gold;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Marian_devotions" title="Marian devotions">Prayers</a> and <a href="/wiki/Marian_hymns" class="mw-redirect" title="Marian hymns">hymns</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angelus" title="Angelus">Angelus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A1tima_prayers" title="Fátima prayers">Fátima prayers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flos_Carmeli" title="Flos Carmeli">Flos Carmeli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hail_Mary" title="Hail Mary">Hail Mary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hail_Mary_of_Gold" title="Hail Mary of Gold">Hail Mary of Gold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immaculata_prayer" title="Immaculata prayer">Immaculata prayer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnificat" title="Magnificat">Magnificat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary,_Mother_of_Grace" title="Mary, Mother of Grace">Mary, Mother of Grace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memorare" title="Memorare">Memorare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sub_tuum_praesidium" title="Sub tuum praesidium">Sub tuum praesidium</a></li></ul> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Template"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Symbol_template_class_pink.svg/16px-Symbol_template_class_pink.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Symbol_template_class_pink.svg/23px-Symbol_template_class_pink.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Symbol_template_class_pink.svg/31px-Symbol_template_class_pink.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Template:Marian_hymns" title="Template:Marian hymns"><b>Marian hymns</b></a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background-color:gold;color: var(--color-base)">Devotional practices</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acts_of_Reparation_to_the_Virgin_Mary" title="Acts of Reparation to the Virgin Mary">Acts of Reparation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consecration_and_entrustment_to_Mary" title="Consecration and entrustment to Mary">Consecration to Mary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Saturdays_Devotion" title="First Saturdays Devotion">First Saturdays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosary" title="Rosary">Rosary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seven_Joys_of_the_Virgin" title="Seven Joys of the Virgin">Seven Joys of the Virgin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Sorrows#Seven_Sorrows_of_Mary" title="Our Lady of Sorrows">Seven Sorrows of Mary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three_Hail_Marys" title="Three Hail Marys">Three Hail Marys</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background-color:gold;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Marian_movements_and_societies" title="Catholic Marian movements and societies">Movements and societies</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sodality_of_Our_Lady" title="Sodality of Our Lady">Sodality of Our Lady</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_of_Marian_Fathers_of_the_Immaculate_Conception" title="Congregation of Marian Fathers of the Immaculate Conception">Congregation of Marian Fathers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Company_of_Mary" title="Company of Mary">Company of Mary (Montfort)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Society_of_Mary_(Marianists)" title="Society of Mary (Marianists)">Marianists (Society of Mary)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Society_of_Mary_(Marists)" title="Society of Mary (Marists)">Marist Fathers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marist_Brothers" title="Marist Brothers">Marist Brothers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schoenstatt_Apostolic_Movement" title="Schoenstatt Apostolic Movement">Schoenstatt Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legion_of_Mary" title="Legion of Mary">Legion of Mary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Army_of_Our_Lady_of_F%C3%A1tima" title="Blue Army of Our Lady of Fátima">World Apostolate of Fátima</a> <a href="/wiki/Blue_Army_of_Our_Lady_of_F%C3%A1tima" title="Blue Army of Our Lady of Fátima">(Blue Army)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariological_Society_of_America" title="Mariological Society of America">Mariological Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady%27s_Rosary_Makers" title="Our Lady's Rosary Makers">Our Lady's Rosary Makers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marian_Movement_of_Priests" title="Marian Movement of Priests">Marian Movement of Priests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fatima_Family_Apostolate" title="Fatima Family Apostolate">Fatima Family Apostolate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_of_Angels_Foundation" title="Queen of Angels Foundation">Queen of Angels Foundation</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background-color:gold;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Marian_apparitions" title="List of Marian apparitions">Apparitions</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <dl><dd><small><a href="/wiki/List_of_Marian_apparitions#Approved,_with_widespread_liturgical_veneration_endorsed_by_the_Holy_See" title="List of Marian apparitions">Approved, with widespread liturgical<br />veneration endorsed by the Holy See</a>:</small></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_F%C3%A1tima" title="Our Lady of Fátima">Fátima</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Three_Secrets_of_F%C3%A1tima" title="Three Secrets of Fátima">Three Secrets of Fátima</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Guadalupe" title="Our Lady of Guadalupe">Guadalupe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knock_Shrine" title="Knock Shrine">Knock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_La_Salette" title="Our Lady of La Salette">La Salette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Lourdes" title="Our Lady of Lourdes">Lourdes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miraculous_Medal" title="Miraculous Medal">Miraculous Medal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Walsingham" title="Our Lady of Walsingham">Walsingham</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dowry_of_Mary" title="Dowry of Mary">Dowry of Mary</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background-color:gold;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Marian_feast_days" title="Marian feast days">Key Marian feast days</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Solemnity_of_Mary,_Mother_of_God" title="Solemnity of Mary, Mother of God">Mother of God</a> (1 January)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Candlemas" title="Candlemas">Candlemas</a> (2 February)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Feast_of_the_Annunciation" title="Feast of the Annunciation">Annunciation</a> (25 March)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Assumption_of_Mary" title="Assumption of Mary">Assumption</a> (15 August)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nativity_of_Mary" title="Nativity of Mary">Nativity</a> (8 September)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Most_Holy_Name_of_the_Blessed_Virgin_Mary" title="Most Holy Name of the Blessed Virgin Mary">Holy Name</a> (12 September)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Presentation_of_Mary" title="Presentation of Mary">Presentation</a> (21 November)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Feast_of_the_Immaculate_Conception" title="Feast of the Immaculate Conception">Immaculate Conception</a> (8 December)</span></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below"> <span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:046CupolaSPietro.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/16px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg" decoding="async" width="16" height="12" class="mw-file-element" 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title="Template talk:Catholic Mariology sidebar"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Catholic_Mariology_sidebar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Catholic Mariology sidebar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table><p><b>Artists</b> </p><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gian_Lorenzo_Bernini" title="Gian Lorenzo Bernini">Gian Lorenzo Bernini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Girolamo_Muziano" title="Girolamo Muziano">Girolamo Muziano</a></li></ul> <p><b>Nobility</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pauline_Bonaparte" title="Pauline Bonaparte">Pauline Bonaparte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junio_Valerio_Borghese" title="Junio Valerio Borghese">Junio Valerio Borghese</a></li></ul> <p><b>Clergy and Religious Figures</b> </p> <ul><li>Archbishop Domenico Caloyera</li> <li>Cardinal <a href="/wiki/Guido_Ascanio_Sforza_di_Santa_Fiora" title="Guido Ascanio Sforza di Santa Fiora">Guido Ascanio Sforza di Santa Fiora</a></li> <li>Cardinal <a href="/wiki/Ugo_Poletti" title="Ugo Poletti">Ugo Poletti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerome" title="Jerome">Jerome</a>, relics</li></ul> <p><b>Popes</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Clement_VIII" title="Pope Clement VIII">Pope Clement VIII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Clement_IX" title="Pope Clement IX">Pope Clement IX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Honorius_III" title="Pope Honorius III">Pope Honorius III</a> (no longer extant)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Nicholas_IV" title="Pope Nicholas IV">Pope Nicholas IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Paul_V" title="Pope Paul V">Pope Paul V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Pius_V" title="Pope Pius V">Pope St. Pius V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Sixtus_V" title="Pope Sixtus V">Pope Sixtus V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Francis" title="Pope Francis">Pope Francis</a> (future internment)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Santa_Maria_Maggiore&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 82px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 80px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_interior_-_hw_-_5.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_interior_-_hw_-_5.jpg/120px-Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_interior_-_hw_-_5.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_interior_-_hw_-_5.jpg/180px-Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_interior_-_hw_-_5.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_interior_-_hw_-_5.jpg/240px-Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_interior_-_hw_-_5.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1333" data-file-height="2000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 82px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 80px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_interior_-_hw_-_4.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_interior_-_hw_-_4.jpg/120px-Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_interior_-_hw_-_4.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_interior_-_hw_-_4.jpg/180px-Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_interior_-_hw_-_4.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_interior_-_hw_-_4.jpg/240px-Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_interior_-_hw_-_4.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1333" data-file-height="2000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 82px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 80px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_interior_-_hw_-_3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_interior_-_hw_-_3.jpg/120px-Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_interior_-_hw_-_3.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_interior_-_hw_-_3.jpg/180px-Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_interior_-_hw_-_3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_interior_-_hw_-_3.jpg/240px-Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_interior_-_hw_-_3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1333" data-file-height="2000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 82px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 80px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_interior_-_hw_-_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_interior_-_hw_-_2.jpg/120px-Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_interior_-_hw_-_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_interior_-_hw_-_2.jpg/180px-Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_interior_-_hw_-_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_interior_-_hw_-_2.jpg/240px-Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_interior_-_hw_-_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1333" data-file-height="2000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 182px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_interior_-_hw.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_interior_-_hw.jpg/270px-Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_interior_-_hw.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_interior_-_hw.jpg/405px-Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_interior_-_hw.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_interior_-_hw.jpg/540px-Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_interior_-_hw.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1333" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 182px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_Tomb_of_Clement_VIII.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Tomb of Clement VIII"><img alt="Tomb of Clement VIII" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_Tomb_of_Clement_VIII.jpg/270px-Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_Tomb_of_Clement_VIII.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_Tomb_of_Clement_VIII.jpg/405px-Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_Tomb_of_Clement_VIII.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_Tomb_of_Clement_VIII.jpg/540px-Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_Tomb_of_Clement_VIII.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1333" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Tomb of Clement VIII</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 82px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 80px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_Baptismal_chapel.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Baptismal chapel"><img alt="Baptismal chapel" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_Baptismal_chapel.jpg/120px-Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_Baptismal_chapel.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_Baptismal_chapel.jpg/180px-Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_Baptismal_chapel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_Baptismal_chapel.jpg/240px-Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_Baptismal_chapel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1333" data-file-height="2000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Baptismal chapel</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 182px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_pius_ix_-_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Pope Pius IX - Ignazio Jacometti"><img alt="Pope Pius IX - Ignazio Jacometti" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_pius_ix_-_1.jpg/270px-Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_pius_ix_-_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_pius_ix_-_1.jpg/405px-Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_pius_ix_-_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_pius_ix_-_1.jpg/540px-Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_pius_ix_-_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1333" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Pope Pius IX - Ignazio Jacometti</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 182px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_pius_ix_-_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Pope Pius IX - Ignazio Jacometti"><img alt="Pope Pius IX - Ignazio Jacometti" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_pius_ix_-_2.jpg/270px-Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_pius_ix_-_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_pius_ix_-_2.jpg/405px-Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_pius_ix_-_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_pius_ix_-_2.jpg/540px-Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_pius_ix_-_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1333" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Pope Pius IX - Ignazio Jacometti</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 182px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_pius_ix_-_3.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Pope Pius IX - Ignazio Jacometti"><img alt="Pope Pius IX - Ignazio Jacometti" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_pius_ix_-_3.jpg/270px-Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_pius_ix_-_3.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_pius_ix_-_3.jpg/405px-Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_pius_ix_-_3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_pius_ix_-_3.jpg/540px-Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_pius_ix_-_3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1333" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Pope Pius IX - Ignazio Jacometti</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 182px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_Ave_Regina_Pacis.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ave Regina Pacis"><img alt="Ave Regina Pacis" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_Ave_Regina_Pacis.jpg/270px-Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_Ave_Regina_Pacis.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_Ave_Regina_Pacis.jpg/405px-Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_Ave_Regina_Pacis.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_Ave_Regina_Pacis.jpg/540px-Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_Ave_Regina_Pacis.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1333" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Ave Regina Pacis</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 82px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 80px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_Baptismal_chapel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_Baptismal_chapel.jpg/120px-Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_Baptismal_chapel.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_Baptismal_chapel.jpg/180px-Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_Baptismal_chapel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_Baptismal_chapel.jpg/240px-Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_Baptismal_chapel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1333" data-file-height="2000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 98px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 96px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Statue_of_King_Philip_IV_of_Spain_(Bernini)_02.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Statue of King Philip IV of Spain"><img alt="Statue of King Philip IV of Spain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Statue_of_King_Philip_IV_of_Spain_%28Bernini%29_02.jpg/144px-Statue_of_King_Philip_IV_of_Spain_%28Bernini%29_02.jpg" decoding="async" width="96" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Statue_of_King_Philip_IV_of_Spain_%28Bernini%29_02.jpg/216px-Statue_of_King_Philip_IV_of_Spain_%28Bernini%29_02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Statue_of_King_Philip_IV_of_Spain_%28Bernini%29_02.jpg/288px-Statue_of_King_Philip_IV_of_Spain_%28Bernini%29_02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2579" data-file-height="3224" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_King_Philip_IV_of_Spain_(Bernini)" title="Statue of King Philip IV of Spain (Bernini)">Statue of King Philip IV of Spain</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Santa_Maria_Maggiore&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Properties_of_the_Holy_See" title="Properties of the Holy See">Properties of the Holy See</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Marian_churches" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic Marian churches">Roman Catholic Marian churches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dedication_of_the_Basilica_of_St_Mary_Major" class="mw-redirect" title="Dedication of the Basilica of St Mary Major">Dedication of the Basilica of St Mary Major</a>, feast day</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Vatican_City-related_articles" class="mw-redirect" title="Index of Vatican City-related articles">Index of Vatican City-related articles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Ciriaco_alle_Terme_Diocleziane" title="San Ciriaco alle Terme Diocleziane">San Ciriaco alle Terme Diocleziane</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Santa_Maria_Maggiore&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The actual, official name seems to vary: the <a href="/wiki/Holy_See" title="Holy See">Holy See</a>'s press office uses "Papal Liberian Basilica of St. Mary Major in Rome" in English <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vatican.va/news_services/press/documentazione/documents/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_law_bf_en.html">in a 2011 note</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130303044547/https://www.vatican.va/news_services/press/documentazione/documents/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_law_bf_en.html">Archived</a> 3 March 2013 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, while the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vatican.va/various/basiliche/sm_maggiore/en/vita_liturgica/informazioni.htm">official Vatican site for the Basilica</a> uses various formulas not including "Liberian" or <i>Liberiana</i>, some under a coat of arms that includes "basilica Liberiana" in Italian.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">This triptych painted around 1423 was commissioned for the basilica by a member of the <a href="/wiki/Colonna_family" title="Colonna family">Colonna family</a>; it is now in the <a href="/wiki/Museo_di_Capodimonte" title="Museo di Capodimonte">Museo di Capodimonte</a>, Naples (Paul Joannides, "The Colonna Triptych by Masolino and Masaccio," <i>Arte Cristiana</i> no 728 (1988:339-)). The miracle is depicted as witnessed by a crowd of men and women, with Jesus and the Virgin Mary observing from above.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">See for example the <a href="/wiki/Holy_See" title="Holy See">Holy See</a>'s press office using "Papal Liberian Basilica of St. Mary Major in Rome" in English <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vatican.va/news_services/press/documentazione/documents/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_law_bf_en.html">in a 2011 note</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130303044547/https://www.vatican.va/news_services/press/documentazione/documents/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_law_bf_en.html">Archived</a> 3 March 2013 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, while the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vatican.va/various/basiliche/sm_maggiore/en/vita_liturgica/informazioni.htm">official Vatican website for the church</a> uses various formulas, some under a coat of arms that includes "basilica Liberiana" in Italian.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Prior authors refer to its derivation from the <i><a href="/wiki/Tempio_della_Pace" class="mw-redirect" title="Tempio della Pace">Tempio della Pace</a></i> or <i>Temple of Peace</i>, which was the name attributed to the <i>Basilica of Maxentius and Constantine</i> before the 18th-century.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Note that, initially, not all archpriests of the basilica were cardinals.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Archpriest Pietro Sasso is commonly identified with contemporary cardinal Pietro Sasso of S. Pudenziana (1206–1218/19). However, this identification remains uncertain because the only document which mentions this archpriest (dated 3 July 1212) makes no reference to his cardinalate, cf. Ferri in ASRSP, vol. 28, p. 24.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Cardinal Pietro Capocci (died 1259) is mentioned in the majority of the catalogs of archpriests of Liberian Basilica but the documents from the archive of the Basilica, published by Ferri in ASRSP, vol. 27, p. 34–39 and vol. 30, p. 119, give no support for this affirmation. Document dated 19 March 1244 mentions Astor (or Aston) as archpriest, documents between 13 February 1247 and 1 October 1255 mention archpriest without mentioning his name but also without indicating his cardinalate, and on 28 May 1258 Romano was archpriest of the Basilica; the latest document mentions also cardinal Pietro Capocci but makes no reference to his occupation of that post. If he was really an archpriest under Innocent IV, he must have later resigned, but it seems more likely that this statement resulted from a confusion.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Santa_Maria_Maggiore&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Santa_Maria_Maggiore&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Citations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/91/">"Historic Centre of Rome, the Properties of the Holy See in that City Enjoying Extraterritorial Rights and San Paolo Fuori le Mura"</a>. Whc.unesco.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110629140236/https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/91/">Archived</a> from the original on 29 June 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 June</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Historic+Centre+of+Rome%2C+the+Properties+of+the+Holy+See+in+that+City+Enjoying+Extraterritorial+Rights+and+San+Paolo+Fuori+le+Mura&rft.pub=Whc.unesco.org&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwhc.unesco.org%2Fen%2Flist%2F91%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASanta+Maria+Maggiore" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-vaticanstate.va-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-vaticanstate.va_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-vaticanstate.va_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Lateran Treaty of 1929, Article 15 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.vaticanstate.va/content/dam/vaticanstate/documenti/leggi-e-decreti/Normative-Penali-e-Amministrative/LateranTreaty.pdf">[1]</a>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lateran Treaty of 1929, Article 13 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.vaticanstate.va/content/dam/vaticanstate/documenti/leggi-e-decreti/Normative-Penali-e-Amministrative/LateranTreaty.pdf">[2]</a>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Calendarium-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Calendarium_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Calendarium_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Calendarium_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCalendarium_Romanum1969">Calendarium Romanum 1969</a>, p. 99</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">As reported in the 1911 <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Encyclopedia" title="Catholic Encyclopedia">Catholic Encyclopedia</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20020611054253/http://www.americancatholic.org/Features/SaintOfDay/default.asp?id=1098">Dedication of St. Mary Major Basilica</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLoomis1916">Loomis 1916</a>, p. 77</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Miles_1993157-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Miles_1993157_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMiles1993">Miles 1993</a>, p. 157</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cathency-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-cathency_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cathency_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFOtt1913">Ott 1913</a>, Our Lady of the Snow</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Parsch-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Parsch_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Parsch_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.catholicculture.org/culture/liturgicalyear/calendar/day.cfm?id=218">Pius Parsch, <i>The Church's Year of Grace</i> quoted in Catholic Culture: "Ordinary Time, 5 August"</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRubin2009">Rubin 2009</a>, p. 95</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vatican.va/edocs/ENG0220/__P2.HTM">Encyclical <i>Slavorum Apostoli</i></a>, 5</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://oce.catholic.com/index.php?title=Crib">Stephen M. Donovan, "Crib"</a> in <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Encyclopedia" title="Catholic Encyclopedia">Catholic Encyclopedia</a> 1908 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117161306/http://oce.catholic.com/index.php?title=Crib">Archived</a> 17 January 2012 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=2NutWXeteNgC&pg=PA22">Joan Carroll Cruz, <i>Relics</i></a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged September 2023">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup> (Our Sunday Visitor 1984 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-87973-701-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-87973-701-6">978-0-87973-701-6</a>), p. 22</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sanctamissa.org/en/resources/books-1962/missale-romanum-1962.pdf"><i>Missale Romanum</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200215054059/https://sanctamissa.org/en/resources/books-1962/missale-romanum-1962.pdf">Archived</a> 15 February 2020 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, 1962 edition, p. 17</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Missale Romanum</i>, 1962 edition, p. 20</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.catholicculture.org/culture/library/view.cfm?recnum=244">Robert F. McNamara, <i>Minor Basilicas in the United States</i></a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Basilicas-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Basilicas_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gcatholic.org/churches/data/basITX.htm#aaa">Basilicas</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.catholicculture.org/culture/library/dictionary/index.cfm?id=34705">John Hardon, <i>Modern Catholic Dictionary</i> 1980</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vatican.va/various/basiliche/sm_maggiore/index_en.html">"Papal Basilica of Saint Mary Major"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 July</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Papal+Basilica+of+Saint+Mary+Major&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vatican.va%2Fvarious%2Fbasiliche%2Fsm_maggiore%2Findex_en.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASanta+Maria+Maggiore" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHerbermann1913" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). <span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:Catholic Encyclopedia (1913)/Patriarch and Patriarchate"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Catholic_Encyclopedia_(1913)/Patriarch_and_Patriarchate">"Patriarch and Patriarchate" </a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Encyclopedia" title="Catholic Encyclopedia">Catholic Encyclopedia</a></i>. New York: Robert Appleton Company.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Patriarch+and+Patriarchate&rft.btitle=Catholic+Encyclopedia&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Robert+Appleton+Company&rft.date=1913&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASanta+Maria+Maggiore" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oratoriosanfilippo.org/visita-sette-chiese.pdf">La Visita alle Sette Chiese</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPanvinio1570" class="citation book cs1">Panvinio, Onofrio (1570). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=SozbdUVZnycC"><i>Le sette chiese romane</i></a>. Rome<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 August</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Le+sette+chiese+romane&rft.place=Rome&rft.date=1570&rft.aulast=Panvinio&rft.aufirst=Onofrio&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DSozbdUVZnycC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASanta+Maria+Maggiore" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSacchi" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Sacchi, Guido. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gliscritti.it/approf/luogiub/settechiese.htm#appel2">"La visita alle Sette Chiese: cenni storici"</a> (in Italian)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 August</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=La+visita+alle+Sette+Chiese%3A+cenni+storici&rft.aulast=Sacchi&rft.aufirst=Guido&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gliscritti.it%2Fapprof%2Fluogiub%2Fsettechiese.htm%23appel2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASanta+Maria+Maggiore" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Krautheimer,_1980_p_49-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Krautheimer,_1980_p_49_28-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Krautheimer,_1980_p_49_28-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Krautheimer,_1980_p_49_28-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Krautheimer,_1980_p_49_28-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKrautheimer1980">Krautheimer 1980</a>, p. 49</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKrautheimer1980">Krautheimer 1980</a>, p. 52</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Krautheimer46-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Krautheimer46_30-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Krautheimer46_30-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Krautheimer46_30-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKrautheimer1980">Krautheimer 1980</a>, p. 46</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFVassilaki2000">Vassilaki 2000</a>, p. 10</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPirlo1997">Pirlo 1997</a>, p. 7</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Corm889-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Corm889_33-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Corm889_33-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Corm889_33-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Corm889_33-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCormack2000">Cormack 2000</a>, p. 889</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFVassilaki2000">Vassilaki 2000</a>, p. 132</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKrautheimer1980">Krautheimer 1980</a>, pp. 69–70</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRubin2009">Rubin 2009</a>, pp. 95–96</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Andrew J. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 December</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Pope+Francis+eschews+trappings+of+papacy+on+first+day+in+office&rft.date=2013-03-14&rft.aulast=Davies&rft.aufirst=Lizzy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2013%2Fmar%2F14%2Fpope-francis-style-first-day&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASanta+Maria+Maggiore" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vatican.va/various/basiliche/sm_maggiore/en/capitolo/capitolo.htm">Liberian Chapter</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apnews.com/article/vatican-pope-basilica-burial-argentina-ba9dc3ccbf4210df16e64d4032451671">"The pope says he wants to be buried in the Rome basilica, not in the Vatican"</a>. <i>Associated Press News</i>. 13 December 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Associated+Press+News&rft.atitle=The+pope+says+he+wants+to+be+buried+in+the+Rome+basilica%2C+not+in+the+Vatican&rft.date=2023-12-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapnews.com%2Farticle%2Fvatican-pope-basilica-burial-argentina-ba9dc3ccbf4210df16e64d4032451671&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASanta+Maria+Maggiore" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMoroni1840">Moroni 1840</a>, pp. 127–135</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Respective biographical entries on <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fiu.edu/~mirandas/essay.htm">Essay of a General List of Cardinals</a> by Salvador Miranda</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFerri1904">Ferri 1904</a>, p. 147–202 and 441–459</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFerri1905">Ferri 1905</a>, pp. 23–39</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFerri1907">Ferri 1907</a>, pp. 119–168</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Santa_Maria_Maggiore&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 60em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCalendarium_Romanum1969" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Holy_See" title="Holy See">Holy See</a> (1969). <i>Calendarium Romanum: ex decreto Sacrosancti Oecumenici Concilii Vaticani II instauratum</i>. 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(1904). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/archivio27sociuoft#page/n5/mode/2up"><i>Le carte dell'Archivio Liberiano dal secolo X al XV</i></a>. Archivio della Società Romana di Storia Patria (in Italian). Vol. 27.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Le+carte+dell%27Archivio+Liberiano+dal+secolo+X+al+XV&rft.series=Archivio+della+Societ%C3%A0+Romana+di+Storia+Patria&rft.date=1904&rft.aulast=Ferri&rft.aufirst=G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Farchivio27sociuoft%23page%2Fn5%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASanta+Maria+Maggiore" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFerri1905" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Ferri, G. (1905). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/archivio28sociuoft#page/22/mode/2up"><i>Le carte dell'Archivio Liberiano dal secolo X al XV (continua)</i></a>. Archivio della Società Romana di Storia Patria (in Italian). Vol. 28.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Le+carte+dell%27Archivio+Liberiano+dal+secolo+X+al+XV+%28continua%29&rft.series=Archivio+della+Societ%C3%A0+Romana+di+Storia+Patria&rft.date=1905&rft.aulast=Ferri&rft.aufirst=G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Farchivio28sociuoft%23page%2F22%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASanta+Maria+Maggiore" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFerri1907" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Ferri, G. (1907). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/archivio27sociuoft#page/n5/mode/2up"><i>Le carte dell'Archivio Liberiano dal secolo X al XV (continuazione e fine)</i></a>. Archivio della Società Romana di Storia Patria (in Italian). Vol. 30.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Le+carte+dell%27Archivio+Liberiano+dal+secolo+X+al+XV+%28continuazione+e+fine%29&rft.series=Archivio+della+Societ%C3%A0+Romana+di+Storia+Patria&rft.date=1907&rft.aulast=Ferri&rft.aufirst=G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Farchivio27sociuoft%23page%2Fn5%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASanta+Maria+Maggiore" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGwynnBangert2010" class="citation book cs1">Gwynn, David M.; Bangert, Susanne (2010). <i>Religious diversity in late antiquity</i>. Leiden: Brill. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-04-18000-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-04-18000-0"><bdi>978-90-04-18000-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Religious+diversity+in+late+antiquity&rft.place=Leiden&rft.pub=Brill&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-90-04-18000-0&rft.aulast=Gwynn&rft.aufirst=David+M.&rft.au=Bangert%2C+Susanne&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASanta+Maria+Maggiore" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKrautheimer1980" class="citation book cs1">Krautheimer, Richard (1980). <i>Rome : profile of a city, 312–1308</i>. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-691-00319-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-691-00319-1"><bdi>978-0-691-00319-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Rome+%3A+profile+of+a+city%2C+312%E2%80%931308&rft.place=Princeton%2C+N.J.&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=1980&rft.isbn=978-0-691-00319-1&rft.aulast=Krautheimer&rft.aufirst=Richard&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASanta+Maria+Maggiore" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLoomis1916" class="citation book cs1">Loomis, Louise Ropes (1916). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/bookofpopesliber00loom#page/n7/mode/2up"><i>The Book of Popes (Liber Pontificalis)</i></a>. New York: Columbia University Press. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1941708">1941708</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Book+of+Popes+%28Liber+Pontificalis%29&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Columbia+University+Press&rft.date=1916&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1941708&rft.aulast=Loomis&rft.aufirst=Louise+Ropes&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Fbookofpopesliber00loom%23page%2Fn7%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASanta+Maria+Maggiore" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMagi1972" class="citation cs2 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Magi, Filippo (1972), <i>Il Calendario Dipinto sotto Santa Maria Maggiore</i>, Atti della Pontificia Accademia Romana di Archeologia, Vol. III (in Italian), Rome: Tipografia Poliglotta Vaticana</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Il+Calendario+Dipinto+sotto+Santa+Maria+Maggiore&rft.place=Rome&rft.series=Atti+della+Pontificia+Accademia+Romana+di+Archeologia%2C+Vol.+III&rft.pub=Tipografia+Poliglotta+Vaticana&rft.date=1972&rft.aulast=Magi&rft.aufirst=Filippo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASanta+Maria+Maggiore" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMiles1993" class="citation journal cs1">Miles, Margaret R. (1993). "Santa Maria Maggiore's Fifth-Century Mosaics: Triumphal Christianity and the Jews". <i>Harvard Theological Review</i>. <b>86</b> (2): 155–172. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS001781600003114X">10.1017/S001781600003114X</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:154086584">154086584</a>. <q>The fifth-century mosaics of Santa Maria Maggiore in Rome represent the oldest surviving program of mosaic decoration in a Christian church.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Harvard+Theological+Review&rft.atitle=Santa+Maria+Maggiore%27s+Fifth-Century+Mosaics%3A+Triumphal+Christianity+and+the+Jews&rft.volume=86&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=155-172&rft.date=1993&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FS001781600003114X&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A154086584%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Miles&rft.aufirst=Margaret+R.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASanta+Maria+Maggiore" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMoroni1840" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Gaetano_Moroni" title="Gaetano Moroni">Moroni, Gaetano</a> (1840). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/dizionariodierud12morouoft#page/126/mode/2up">"Notizie sul capitolo ed arcipreti della basilica di s. Maria Maggiore"</a>. <i>Dizionario di erudizione storico-ecclesiastica da S. Pietro sino ai nostri giorni</i> (in Italian). Vol. 12. Tipografia Emiliana. pp. 127–135<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 August</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Notizie+sul+capitolo+ed+arcipreti+della+basilica+di+s.+Maria+Maggiore&rft.btitle=Dizionario+di+erudizione+storico-ecclesiastica+da+S.+Pietro+sino+ai+nostri+giorni&rft.pages=127-135&rft.pub=Tipografia+Emiliana&rft.date=1840&rft.aulast=Moroni&rft.aufirst=Gaetano&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Fdizionariodierud12morouoft%23page%2F126%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASanta+Maria+Maggiore" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOtt1913" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Ott, Michael (1913). <span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:Catholic Encyclopedia (1913)/Our Lady of the Snow"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Catholic_Encyclopedia_(1913)/Our_Lady_of_the_Snow">"Our Lady of the Snow" </a></span>. In Herbermann, Charles (ed.). <i><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Encyclopedia" title="Catholic Encyclopedia">Catholic Encyclopedia</a></i>. New York: Robert Appleton Company.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Our+Lady+of+the+Snow&rft.btitle=Catholic+Encyclopedia&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Robert+Appleton+Company&rft.date=1913&rft.aulast=Ott&rft.aufirst=Michael&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASanta+Maria+Maggiore" class="Z3988"></span> Retrieved 2008-12-17.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPirlo1997" class="citation book cs1">Pirlo, Paolo O. (1997). "Mary, Mother of God". <i>My First Book of Saints</i>. Sons of Holy Mary Immaculate – Quality Catholic Publications. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/971-91595-4-5" title="Special:BookSources/971-91595-4-5"><bdi>971-91595-4-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Mary%2C+Mother+of+God&rft.btitle=My+First+Book+of+Saints&rft.pub=Sons+of+Holy+Mary+Immaculate+%E2%80%93+Quality+Catholic+Publications&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=971-91595-4-5&rft.aulast=Pirlo&rft.aufirst=Paolo+O.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASanta+Maria+Maggiore" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRubin2009" class="citation book cs1">Rubin, Miri (2009). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/mary00miri"><i>Mother of God : a history of the Virgin Mary</i></a></span>. New Haven: Yale University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-300-10500-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-300-10500-1"><bdi>978-0-300-10500-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mother+of+God+%3A+a+history+of+the+Virgin+Mary&rft.place=New+Haven&rft.pub=Yale+University+Press&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-0-300-10500-1&rft.aulast=Rubin&rft.aufirst=Miri&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmary00miri&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASanta+Maria+Maggiore" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSalzman1990" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/Michele_Renee_Salzman" class="mw-redirect" title="Michele Renee Salzman">Salzman, Michele Renee</a> (1990), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=xar95I_wpLMC"><i>On Roman Time: The Codex Calendar of 354 and the Rhythms of Urban Life in Late Antiquity</i></a>, Berkeley: University of California Press, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780520909106" title="Special:BookSources/9780520909106"><bdi>9780520909106</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=On+Roman+Time%3A+The+Codex+Calendar+of+354+and+the+Rhythms+of+Urban+Life+in+Late+Antiquity&rft.place=Berkeley&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.date=1990&rft.isbn=9780520909106&rft.aulast=Salzman&rft.aufirst=Michele+Renee&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dxar95I_wpLMC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASanta+Maria+Maggiore" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVassilaki2000" class="citation book cs1">Vassilaki, Maria (2000). <i>The mother of God : representations of the Virgin in Byzantine art</i>. Milano: Skira. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/88-8118-738-8" title="Special:BookSources/88-8118-738-8"><bdi>88-8118-738-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+mother+of+God+%3A+representations+of+the+Virgin+in+Byzantine+art&rft.place=Milano&rft.pub=Skira&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=88-8118-738-8&rft.aulast=Vassilaki&rft.aufirst=Maria&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASanta+Maria+Maggiore" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWarland2003" class="citation journal cs1">Warland, Rainer (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.freidok.uni-freiburg.de/volltexte/1436/pdf/Concept_of_Rome_in_Late_Antiquity.pdf">"The Concept of Rome in Late Antiquity reflected in the mosaics of the Triumphal Arch of S. Maria Maggiore in Rome"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Acta Ad Archaeologiam et Artium Historiam Pertinentia</i>. <b>17</b>: 127–141. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0333-1512">0333-1512</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 August</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Acta+Ad+Archaeologiam+et+Artium+Historiam+Pertinentia&rft.atitle=The+Concept+of+Rome+in+Late+Antiquity+reflected+in+the+mosaics+of+the+Triumphal+Arch+of+S.+Maria+Maggiore+in+Rome&rft.volume=17&rft.pages=127-141&rft.date=2003&rft.issn=0333-1512&rft.aulast=Warland&rft.aufirst=Rainer&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.freidok.uni-freiburg.de%2Fvolltexte%2F1436%2Fpdf%2FConcept_of_Rome_in_Late_Antiquity.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASanta+Maria+Maggiore" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Santa_Maria_Maggiore&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output 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//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/76px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a> has the text of the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Encyclopedia" title="Catholic Encyclopedia">1913 <i>Catholic Encyclopedia</i></a> article <b><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Catholic_Encyclopedia_(1913)/Our_Lady_of_the_Snow" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Catholic Encyclopedia (1913)/Our Lady of the Snow">Our Lady of the Snow</a></b>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ewtn.com/library/CHRIST/MAGGIORE.TXT">Eternal Word Television Network, Global Catholic Network (EWTN)</a> Profile of Basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kunsthistorie.com/galleri/index.php?album=Italia%2FRoma%2FS.+Maria.+Maggiore&sortby=name&order=asc">Kunsthistorie.com gallery</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070929093223/http://kunsthistorie.com/galleri/index.php?album=Italia%2FRoma%2FS.+Maria.+Maggiore&sortby=name&order=asc">Archived</a> 29 September 2007 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://maps.google.com/maps?ll=41.897502,12.498171&spn=0.004044,0.007196&t=h&hl=en">Satellite Photo of St. Mary's Major Basilica</a></li> <li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.basilicasantamariamaggiore.va/en.html">Official website</a></span></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:The New International Encyclopædia/Santa Maria Maggiore"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_New_International_Encyclop%C3%A6dia/Santa_Maria_Maggiore">"Santa Maria Maggiore" </a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/New_International_Encyclopedia" class="mw-redirect" title="New International Encyclopedia">New International Encyclopedia</a></i>. 1905.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Santa+Maria+Maggiore&rft.btitle=New+International+Encyclopedia&rft.date=1905&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASanta+Maria+Maggiore" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>High-resolution 360° Panoramas and Images of <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mcid.mcah.columbia.edu/art-atlas/ancient-and-early-christian-sites-rome/santa-maria-maggiore">Santa Maria Maggiore | Art Atlas</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cbarnard2.wixsite.com/beggarsrome/copy-of-s-andrea-al-quirinale-2">"Beggar's Rome"</a> – A self-directed virtual tour of Santa Maria Maggiore Basilica and other Roman churches</li></ul> <p><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Basilica_di_Santa_Maria_Maggiore_(Rome)" class="extiw" title="commons:Basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore (Rome)">Basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore (Rome)</a> at Wikimedia Commons </p> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output 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.navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Basilicas_in_the_Diocese_of_Rome" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#fff200"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Basilicas_in_the_Diocese_of_Rome" title="Template:Basilicas in the Diocese of Rome"><abbr title="View this 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href="/wiki/Holy_See" title="Holy See">Holy See</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#fff200;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Major_basilica" class="mw-redirect" title="Major basilica">Major</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Archbasilica_of_Saint_John_Lateran" title="Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran">Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Peter%27s_Basilica" title="St. Peter's Basilica">Basilica of Saint Peter Vatican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basilica_of_Saint_Paul_Outside_the_Walls" title="Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls">Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Basilica of Saint Mary Major</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#fff200;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Minor_basilica" class="mw-redirect" title="Minor basilica">Minor</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Basilica_of_Saint_Lawrence_outside_the_Walls" class="mw-redirect" title="Basilica of Saint Lawrence outside the Walls">S. Lorenzo fuori le mura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sant%27Agnese_fuori_le_mura" title="Sant'Agnese fuori le mura">S. Agnese fuori le mura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basilica_of_Sant%27Agostino" class="mw-redirect" title="Basilica of Sant'Agostino">S. Agostino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basilica_di_Sant%27Anastasia_al_Palatino" class="mw-redirect" title="Basilica di Sant'Anastasia al Palatino">S. Anastasia al Palatino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sant%27Andrea_delle_Fratte" title="Sant'Andrea delle Fratte">S. Andrea delle Fratte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sant%27Andrea_della_Valle" title="Sant'Andrea della Valle">S. Andrea della Valle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sant%27Antonio_da_Padova_in_Via_Merulana" title="Sant'Antonio da Padova in Via Merulana">S. Antonio da Padova in Via Merulana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sant%27Apollinare_alle_Terme_Neroniane-Alessandrine" class="mw-redirect" title="Sant'Apollinare alle Terme Neroniane-Alessandrine">S. Apollinare alle Terme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santi_Apostoli,_Rome" title="Santi Apostoli, Rome">Ss. Apostoli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Balbina" title="Santa Balbina">S. Balbina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Bartolomeo_all%27Isola" title="San Bartolomeo all'Isola">S. Bartolomeo all'Isola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santi_Bonifacio_ed_Alessio" title="Santi Bonifacio ed Alessio">Ss. Bonifacio ed Alessio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Camillo_de_Lellis" title="San Camillo de Lellis">S. Camillo de Lellis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sant%27Ambrogio_e_Carlo_al_Corso" title="Sant'Ambrogio e Carlo al Corso">S. Carlo al Corso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Cecilia_in_Trastevere" title="Santa Cecilia in Trastevere">S. Cecilia in Trastevere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santi_Celso_e_Giuliano" title="Santi Celso e Giuliano">Ss. Celso e Giuliano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basilica_of_San_Clemente" class="mw-redirect" title="Basilica of San Clemente">S. Clemente</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santi_Cosma_e_Damiano,_Rome" title="Santi Cosma e Damiano, Rome">Ss. Cosma e Damiano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Crisogono,_Rome" class="mw-redirect" title="San Crisogono, Rome">S. Crisogono</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Croce_in_Via_Flaminia" title="Santa Croce in Via Flaminia">S. Croce in Via Flaminia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Croce_in_Gerusalemme" title="Santa Croce in Gerusalemme">S. Croce in Gerusalemme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sant%27Eugenio" title="Sant'Eugenio">S. Eugenio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sant%27Eustachio" title="Sant'Eustachio">S. Eustachio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Francesca_Romana,_Rome" class="mw-redirect" title="Santa Francesca Romana, Rome">S. Francesca Romana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Giovanni_a_Porta_Latina" title="San Giovanni a Porta Latina"> S. Giovanni a Porta Latina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Giovanni_Bosco_in_Via_Tuscolana" title="San Giovanni Bosco in Via Tuscolana">S. Giovanni Bosco in Via Tuscolana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Giovanni_dei_Fiorentini" title="San Giovanni dei Fiorentini">S. Giovanni dei Fiorentini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santi_Giovanni_e_Paolo,_Rome" class="mw-redirect" title="Santi Giovanni e Paolo, Rome">Ss. Giovanni e Paolo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Giuseppe_al_Trionfale" title="San Giuseppe al Trionfale">S. Giuseppe al Trionfale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Lorenzo_in_Damaso" title="San Lorenzo in Damaso">S. Lorenzo in Damaso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Lorenzo_in_Lucina" title="San Lorenzo in Lucina">S. Lorenzo in Lucina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Maria_Ausiliatrice,_Rome" title="Santa Maria Ausiliatrice, Rome">S. Maria Ausiliatrice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Marco,_Rome" class="mw-redirect" title="San Marco, Rome">S. Marco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Maria_degli_Angeli_e_dei_Martiri" title="Santa Maria degli Angeli e dei Martiri">S. Maria degli Angeli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Maria_in_Cosmedin" title="Santa Maria in Cosmedin">S. Maria in Cosmedin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Maria_in_Domnica" title="Santa Maria in Domnica">S. Maria in Domnica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Maria_in_Aracoeli" class="mw-redirect" title="Santa Maria in Aracoeli">S. Maria in Aracoeli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basilica_of_Santa_Maria_del_Popolo" class="mw-redirect" title="Basilica of Santa Maria del Popolo">S. Maria del Popolo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Maria_sopra_Minerva" title="Santa Maria sopra Minerva">S. Maria sopra Minerva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Maria_in_Trastevere" title="Santa Maria in Trastevere">S. Maria in Trastevere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Maria_in_Via" title="Santa Maria in Via">S. Maria in Via</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Maria_in_Via_Lata" title="Santa Maria in Via Lata">S. Maria in Via Lata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Maria_della_Vittoria,_Rome" title="Santa Maria della Vittoria, Rome">S. Maria della Vittoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Martino_ai_Monti" title="San Martino ai Monti">S. Martino ai Monti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santi_Nereo_e_Achilleo" title="Santi Nereo e Achilleo">Ss. Nereo e Achilleo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Nicola_in_Carcere" title="San Nicola in Carcere">S. Nicola in Carcere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Pancrazio" title="San Pancrazio">S. Pancrazio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pantheon,_Rome" title="Pantheon, Rome">Pantheon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Pietro_in_Vincoli" title="San Pietro in Vincoli">S. Pietro in Vincoli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Prassede" title="Santa Prassede">S. Prassede</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Pudenziana" title="Santa Pudenziana">S. Pudenziana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santi_Quattro_Coronati" title="Santi Quattro Coronati">Ss. Quattro Coronati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Saba,_Rome" title="San Saba, Rome">S. Saba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Sabina" title="Santa Sabina">S. Sabina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacro_Cuore_di_Maria" title="Sacro Cuore di Maria">Sacro Cuore di Maria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacro_Cuore_di_Cristo_Re" title="Sacro Cuore di Cristo Re">Sacro Cuore di Cristo Re</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacro_Cuore_di_Ges%C3%B9_a_Castro_Pretorio" title="Sacro Cuore di Gesù a Castro Pretorio">Sacro Cuore di Gesù a Castro Pretorio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Sebastiano_fuori_le_mura" title="San Sebastiano fuori le mura">S. Sebastiano fuori le mura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Silvestro_in_Capite" title="San Silvestro in Capite">S. Silvestro in Capite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_San_Sisto_Vecchio" class="mw-redirect" title="Church of San Sisto Vecchio">S. Sisto Vecchio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Sofia_a_Via_Boccea" title="Santa Sofia a Via Boccea">S. Sofia a Via Boccea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santo_Stefano_al_Monte_Celio" title="Santo Stefano al Monte Celio">S. Stefano Rotondo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Teresa,_Rome" title="Santa Teresa, Rome">S. Teresa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Vitale,_Rome" title="San Vitale, Rome">S. Vitale</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:#fff200"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ecclesiastical_basilicas_in_Rome" title="List of ecclesiastical basilicas in Rome">Basilicas list</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:046CupolaSPietro.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/16px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg" decoding="async" width="16" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/24px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/32px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Catholicism" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Catholicism">Catholicism portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Papacy" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:gold"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Papacy" title="Template:Papacy"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Papacy" title="Template talk:Papacy"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Papacy" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Papacy"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Papacy" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Pope" title="Pope">Papacy</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:gold"><div><a href="/wiki/Episcopal_polity" title="Episcopal polity">Episcopate</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Bishop_in_the_Catholic_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Bishop in the Catholic Church">bishop</a> of <a href="/wiki/Holy_See" title="Holy See">Rome</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Jurisdiction" title="Jurisdiction">Jurisdiction</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Holy_See(Full_communion)" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Holy_See" title="Holy See">Holy See</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Full_communion" title="Full communion">Full communion</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Pope" title="Pope">Pope</a> <a href="/wiki/Pope_Francis" title="Pope Francis">Francis</a></b> as <a href="/wiki/Bishop_in_the_Catholic_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Bishop in the Catholic Church">bishop</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Rome" title="Diocese of Rome">Diocese of Rome</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Papal_primacy" title="Papal primacy">Primacy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_papal_primacy" title="History of papal primacy">History</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Vatican_City(index,_outline)" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Vatican_City" title="Vatican City">Vatican City</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Index_of_Vatican_City%E2%80%93related_articles" title="Index of Vatican City–related articles">index</a>, <a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Vatican_City" title="Outline of Vatican City">outline</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Enclaved" class="mw-redirect" title="Enclaved">Enclaved</a> in <a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a>, <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lateran_Treaty" title="Lateran Treaty">Lateran Treaty</a>, 1929</li></ul></li> <li>along with <a href="/wiki/Extraterritoriality" title="Extraterritoriality">extraterritorial</a> <a href="/wiki/Properties_of_the_Holy_See" title="Properties of the Holy See">properties of the Holy See</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Headquarters</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_City" title="Vatican City">Vatican City</a>:</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Palace" title="Apostolic Palace">Apostolic Palace</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Papal_apartments" title="Papal apartments">Papal apartments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sistine_Chapel" title="Sistine Chapel">Sistine Chapel</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a>:</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archbasilica_of_Saint_John_Lateran" title="Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran">Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran</a> (<a href="/wiki/Cathedra" title="Cathedra">cathedra</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Major_basilica" class="mw-redirect" title="Major basilica">Major basilicas</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Archbasilica_of_Saint_John_Lateran" title="Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran">Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Peter%27s_Basilica" title="St. Peter's Basilica">St. Peter's Basilica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basilica_di_Santa_Maria_Maggiore" class="mw-redirect" title="Basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore">Basilica of Saint Mary Major</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basilica_of_Saint_Paul_Outside_the_Walls" title="Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls">Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Papal_titles" title="Papal titles">Titles</a><br /><small><a href="/wiki/Papal_name" title="Papal name">Papal names</a></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Holiness_(style)" title="Holiness (style)">His Holiness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Rome" class="mw-redirect" title="Bishop of Rome">Bishop of Rome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vicar_of_Christ" title="Vicar of Christ">Vicar of Jesus Christ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Successor_of_the_Prince_of_the_Apostles" class="mw-redirect" title="Successor of the Prince of the Apostles">Successor of the Prince of the Apostles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifex_maximus#Catholic_Church_use_of_the_title" title="Pontifex maximus">Supreme Pontiff of the Universal Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patriarch_of_the_West" title="Patriarch of the West">Patriarch of the West</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Primate_of_Italy" class="mw-redirect" title="Primate of Italy">Primate of Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archbishop_and_Metropolitan_of_the_Roman_Province" class="mw-redirect" title="Archbishop and Metropolitan of the Roman Province">Archbishop and Metropolitan of the Roman Province</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sovereign_of_the_Vatican_City_State" class="mw-redirect" title="Sovereign of the Vatican City State">Sovereign of the Vatican City State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Servant_of_the_servants_of_God" title="Servant of the servants of God">Servant of the servants of God</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Symbol" title="Symbol">Symbols</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Papal_coats_of_arms" title="Papal coats of arms">Coats of arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Holy_See" title="Coat of arms of the Holy See">Coat of arms of the Holy See</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_cross" title="Papal cross">Cross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keys_of_Heaven" title="Keys of Heaven">Keys of Heaven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_regalia_and_insignia" title="Papal regalia and insignia">Regalia and insignia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rota_(papal_signature)" title="Rota (papal signature)">Rota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umbraculum" title="Umbraculum">Umbraculum</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Proclamations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Papal_infallibility" title="Papal infallibility">Infallibility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_constitution" title="Apostolic constitution">Apostolic constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_bull" title="Papal bull">Bull</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_papal_bulls" title="List of papal bulls">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Encyclical" title="Encyclical">Encyclical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_exhortation" title="Apostolic exhortation">Apostolic exhortation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecclesiastical_letter" title="Ecclesiastical letter">Ecclesiastical letter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interdict" title="Interdict">Interdict</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Activities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Papal_arbitration" title="Papal arbitration">Arbitration</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Papal_deposing_power" title="Papal deposing power">Deposition</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_blessing" title="Apostolic blessing">Blessing</a> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Episcopal_blessing" title="Episcopal blessing">Pontifical</a>"</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Urbi_et_Orbi" title="Urbi et Orbi">Urbi et Orbi</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_conclave" title="Papal conclave">Conclave</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_papal_elections" class="mw-redirect" title="List of papal elections">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_coronation" title="Papal coronation">Coronation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_consistory" title="Papal consistory">Consistory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_diplomatics" title="Papal diplomatics">Diplomacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_inauguration" title="Papal inauguration">Inauguration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_Mass" title="Papal Mass">Mass</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_High_Mass" title="Pontifical High Mass">High Mass</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_travel" title="Papal travel">Travel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_vestments" title="Pontifical vestments">Vestments</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Camauro" title="Camauro">Camauro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falda" title="Falda">Falda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_fanon" title="Papal fanon">Fanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_ferula" title="Papal ferula">Ferula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flabellum" title="Flabellum">Flabellum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cope" title="Cope">Mantle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitre" title="Mitre">Mitre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mozzetta" title="Mozzetta">Mozzetta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pallium" title="Pallium">Pallium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ring_of_the_Fisherman" title="Ring of the Fisherman">Ring of the Fisherman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_shoes" title="Papal shoes">Shoes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Papal_slippers" title="Papal slippers">Slippers</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sub-cinctorium" class="mw-redirect" title="Sub-cinctorium">Sub-cinctorium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_tiara" title="Papal tiara">Tiara</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_papal_tiaras_in_existence" title="List of papal tiaras in existence">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zucchetto" title="Zucchetto">Zucchetto</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Transportation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Popemobile" title="Popemobile">Popemobile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sedia_gestatoria" title="Sedia gestatoria">Sedia gestatoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shepherd_One" class="mw-redirect" title="Shepherd One">Shepherd One</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Papal_household" title="Papal household">Household</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Camerlengo_of_the_Holy_Roman_Church" title="Camerlengo of the Holy Roman Church">Camerlengo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_commanders_of_the_Pontifical_Swiss_Guard" class="mw-redirect" title="List of commanders of the Pontifical Swiss Guard">Commander</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Swiss_Guard" title="Swiss Guard">Swiss Guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaplain_of_His_Holiness" title="Chaplain of His Holiness">Chaplain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palatinus_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Palatinus in the Catholic Church">Palatinus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Papal_majordomo" title="Papal majordomo">Papal majordomo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_gentleman" title="Papal gentleman">Gentlemen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Preacher" class="mw-redirect" title="Apostolic Preacher">Preacher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prefecture_of_the_Papal_household" class="mw-redirect" title="Prefecture of the Papal household">Prefect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prelate_of_Honour_of_His_Holiness" title="Prelate of Honour of His Holiness">Prelate of Honour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_assistant_to_the_Papal_throne" class="mw-redirect" title="Prince assistant to the Papal throne">Prince assistant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theologian_of_the_Pontifical_Household" title="Theologian of the Pontifical Household">Theologian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Staff</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/College_of_Cardinals" title="College of Cardinals">College of Cardinals</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cardinal_(Catholic_Church)" title="Cardinal (Catholic Church)">cardinals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_cardinals" title="List of current cardinals">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Curia" title="Roman Curia">Roman Curia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Camera" title="Apostolic Camera">Apostolic Camera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_commission" title="Pontifical commission">Commissions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Commission_for_Vatican_City_State" title="Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State">for Vatican City State</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_council" title="Pontifical council">Councils</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_(Roman_Curia)" title="Congregation (Roman Curia)">Congregations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dicastery" title="Dicastery">Dicasteries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synod_of_Bishops_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Synod of Bishops in the Catholic Church">Synods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cappella_Giulia" title="Cappella Giulia">Cappella Giulia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sistine_Chapel_Choir" title="Sistine Chapel Choir">Sistine Chapel Choir</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Papal_nobility" title="Papal nobility">Papal nobility</a> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Black_nobility" title="Black nobility">Black</a>"</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orders,_decorations,_and_medals_of_the_Holy_See" title="Orders, decorations, and medals of the Holy See">Orders of chivalry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_academy" title="Pontifical academy">Pontifical academy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_university" title="Pontifical university">Pontifical university</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_universities_in_Rome" title="Pontifical universities in Rome">in Rome</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Colleges" title="Roman Colleges">Pontifical colleges in Rome</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Roman_Major_Seminary" title="Pontifical Roman Major Seminary">Major Seminary</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swiss_Guard" title="Swiss Guard">Swiss Guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papabile" title="Papabile">Papabile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_canonised_popes" title="List of canonised popes">Canonised popes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legends_surrounding_the_papacy" title="Legends surrounding the papacy">Legends</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_popes_by_country" title="List of popes by country">Popes by nationality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_sexually_active_popes" title="List of sexually active popes">Sexually active popes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antipope" title="Antipope">Antipope</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Western_Schism" title="Western Schism">Western Schism</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:gold"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282023%E2%80%93present%29.svg/16px-Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282023%E2%80%93present%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282023%E2%80%93present%29.svg/24px-Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282023%E2%80%93present%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282023%E2%80%93present%29.svg/32px-Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282023%E2%80%93present%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Vatican_City" title="Portal:Vatican City">Vatican City portal</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:046CupolaSPietro.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/16px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg" decoding="async" width="16" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/24px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/32px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Catholic_Church" title="Portal:Catholic Church">Catholic Church portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Holy_See" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:gold"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Holy_See" title="Template:Holy See"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Holy_See" title="Template talk:Holy See"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Holy_See" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Holy See"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Holy_See" class="wraplinks" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Holy_See" title="Holy See">Holy See</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:gold"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_see" title="Apostolic see">Apostolic</a> <a href="/wiki/Episcopal_see" title="Episcopal see">episcopal see</a> of <a href="/wiki/Pope" title="Pope">Pope</a> <a href="/wiki/Pope_Francis" title="Pope Francis">Francis</a> as <a href="/wiki/Bishop_in_the_Catholic_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Bishop in the Catholic Church">bishop</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Rome" title="Diocese of Rome">Diocese of Rome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sovereignty" title="Sovereignty">Sovereignty and government</a> of <a href="/wiki/Vatican_City" title="Vatican City">Vatican City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legal_status_of_the_Holy_See" title="Legal status of the Holy See">Sovereign judicial entity</a> under <a href="/wiki/International_law" title="International law">international law</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_papacy" title="History of the papacy">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_see" title="Apostolic see">Apostolic see</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Primacy_of_Peter" title="Primacy of Peter">Primacy of Peter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_papal_primacy" title="History of papal primacy">History of papal primacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrimony_of_Saint_Peter" title="Patrimony of Saint Peter">Patrimony of Saint Peter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_St._Peter%27s_Basilica" title="Old St. Peter's Basilica">Old St. Peter's Basilica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lateran_Palace" title="Lateran Palace">Lateran Palace</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lateran_Museum" title="Lateran Museum">Museum</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Rome" title="Duchy of Rome">Duchy of Rome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donation_of_Sutri" title="Donation of Sutri">Donation of Sutri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donation_of_Pepin" title="Donation of Pepin">Donation of Pepin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avignon_Papacy" title="Avignon Papacy">Avignon Papacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_States" title="Papal States">Papal States</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Temporal_power_of_the_Holy_See" title="Temporal power of the Holy See">Temporal power</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Investiture_Controversy" title="Investiture Controversy">Investiture Controversy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popes_during_the_Age_of_Revolution" title="Popes during the Age of Revolution">Age of Revolution</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Prisoner_in_the_Vatican" title="Prisoner in the Vatican">Prisoner in the Vatican</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_during_the_Savoyard_era_(1870%E2%80%931929)" title="Vatican during the Savoyard era (1870–1929)">Savoyard era</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_City" title="Vatican City">Vatican City</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lateran_Treaty" title="Lateran Treaty">Lateran Treaty</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_City_in_World_War_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Vatican City in World War II">World War II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_See%E2%80%93Soviet_Union_relations" title="Holy See–Soviet Union relations">Warsaw Pact</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sovereignty" title="Sovereignty">Sovereign<br />judicial entity</a><br /><small>under<br /><a href="/wiki/International_law" title="International law">international<br />law</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Legal_status_of_the_Holy_See" title="Legal status of the Holy See">Legal status</a>)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Official" title="Official">Officials</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pope" title="Pope">Pope</a> <a href="/wiki/Pope_Francis" title="Pope Francis">Francis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cardinal_Secretary_of_State" title="Cardinal Secretary of State">Cardinal Secretary of State</a> <a href="/wiki/Pietro_Parolin" title="Pietro Parolin">Pietro Parolin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cardinal_(Catholic_Church)" title="Cardinal (Catholic Church)">Cardinals</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_living_cardinals" class="mw-redirect" title="List of living cardinals">List</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Cardinal_Advisers" class="mw-redirect" title="Council of Cardinal Advisers">Advisers</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Governance" title="Governance">Governance</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Secretariat_of_State_(Holy_See)" title="Secretariat of State (Holy See)">Secretariat of State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/College_of_Cardinals" title="College of Cardinals">College of Cardinals</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Papal_conclave" title="Papal conclave">Papal conclave</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Vatican_City" title="Politics of Vatican City">Government</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Curia" title="Roman Curia">Roman Curia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Camera" title="Apostolic Camera">Apostolic Camera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_commission" title="Pontifical commission">Commissions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Commission_for_Vatican_City_State" title="Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State">For Vatican City State</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_council" title="Pontifical council">Councils</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_(Roman_Curia)" title="Congregation (Roman Curia)">Congregations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dicastery" title="Dicastery">Dicasteries</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_the_Holy_See" title="Foreign relations of the Holy See">Foreign affairs</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Multilateral_foreign_policy_of_the_Holy_See" title="Multilateral foreign policy of the Holy See">Multilateral policy</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Section_for_Relations_with_States_(Roman_Curia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Section for Relations with States (Roman Curia)">Section for Relations with States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_to_the_Holy_See" title="List of diplomatic missions to the Holy See">To the Holy See</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_of_the_Holy_See" title="List of diplomatic missions of the Holy See">Of the Holy See</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_heads_of_the_diplomatic_missions_of_the_Holy_See" title="List of heads of the diplomatic missions of the Holy See">Heads</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_See%E2%80%93Italy_relations" title="Holy See–Italy relations">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_See_and_the_United_Nations" title="Holy See and the United Nations">United Nations</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Permanent_Observer_of_the_Holy_See_to_the_United_Nations" title="Permanent Observer of the Holy See to the United Nations">Permanent Observer</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Permanent_Observer_of_the_Holy_See_to_the_United_Nations_in_Geneva" title="Permanent Observer of the Holy See to the United Nations in Geneva">in Geneva</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_See%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Holy See–European Union relations">European Union</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Permanent_Observer_of_the_Holy_See_to_the_Council_of_Europe" title="Permanent Observer of the Holy See to the Council of Europe">Permanent Observer to the Council of Europe</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_nunciature" title="Apostolic nunciature">Apostolic nunciature</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nuncio" title="Nuncio">Nuncio</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaties_of_the_Holy_See" title="Treaties of the Holy See">Treaties</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Concordat" title="Concordat">Concordats</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Rome" title="Diocese of Rome">Diocese<br />of Rome</a><br /><small>with <a href="/wiki/Universal_jurisdiction" title="Universal jurisdiction">universal</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Full_communion" title="Full communion">full communion</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Papal_primacy" title="Papal primacy">Papal primacy</a>)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Synods" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Synod_of_Bishops_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Synod of Bishops in the Catholic Church">Synods</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Synod_of_Bishops_in_the_Catholic_Church#Ordinary_general_assemblies" title="Synod of Bishops in the Catholic Church">Ordinary general assemblies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synod_of_Bishops_in_the_Catholic_Church#Extraordinary_general_assemblies" title="Synod of Bishops in the Catholic Church">Extraordinary general assemblies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synod_of_Bishops_in_the_Catholic_Church#Special_assemblies" title="Synod of Bishops in the Catholic Church">Special assemblies</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ecclesiastical_Province_of_Rome" class="mw-redirect" title="Ecclesiastical Province of Rome">Ecclesiastical<br />province of Rome</a><br /><small>(<a href="/wiki/Apostolic_vicariate" title="Apostolic vicariate">Vicariate</a>: <a href="/wiki/Cardinal_Vicar" title="Cardinal Vicar">Rome</a>,<br /><a href="/wiki/Vicar_General_for_Vatican_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Vicar General for Vatican City">Vatican City</a>)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Suburbicarian_diocese" title="Suburbicarian diocese">Suburbicarian sees</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Suburbicarian_Diocese_of_Ostia" title="Roman Catholic Suburbicarian Diocese of Ostia">Ostia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Suburbicarian_Diocese_of_Velletri-Segni" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic Suburbicarian Diocese of Velletri-Segni">Velletri-Segni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Suburbicarian_Diocese_of_Porto-Santa_Rufina" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic Suburbicarian Diocese of Porto-Santa Rufina">Porto-Santa Rufina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Suburbicarian_Diocese_of_Frascati" title="Roman Catholic Suburbicarian Diocese of Frascati">Frascati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Suburbicarian_Diocese_of_Palestrina" title="Roman Catholic Suburbicarian Diocese of Palestrina">Palestrina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Suburbicarian_Diocese_of_Albano" title="Roman Catholic Suburbicarian Diocese of Albano">Albano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Suburbicarian_Diocese_of_Sabina-Poggio_Mirteto" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic Suburbicarian Diocese of Sabina-Poggio Mirteto">Sabina-Poggio Mirteto</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Territorial_abbey" title="Territorial abbey">Territorial abbeys</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Territorial_Abbey_of_Montecassino" class="mw-redirect" title="Territorial Abbey of Montecassino">Montecassino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abbey_of_Saint_Scholastica,_Subiaco" title="Abbey of Saint Scholastica, Subiaco">Subiaco</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Suffragan_diocese" title="Suffragan diocese">Suffragan dioceses</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Gaeta" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Gaeta">Gaeta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Anagni-Alatri" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Anagni-Alatri">Anagni-Alatri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Civita_Castellana" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Civita Castellana">Civita Castellana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Civitavecchia-Tarquinia" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Civitavecchia-Tarquinia">Civitavecchia-Tarquinia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Frosinone-Veroli-Ferentino" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Frosinone-Veroli-Ferentino">Frosinone-Veroli-Ferentino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Latina-Terracina-Sezze-Priverno" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Latina-Terracina-Sezze-Priverno">Latina-Terracina-Sezze-Priverno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Rieti" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Rieti">Rieti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Sora-Cassino-Aquino-Pontecorvo" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Sora-Cassino-Aquino-Pontecorvo">Sora-Cassino-Aquino-Pontecorvo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Tivoli" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Tivoli">Tivoli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Viterbo" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Viterbo">Viterbo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Properties_of_the_Holy_See" title="Properties of the Holy See">Properties</a><br /><small>including<br /><a href="/wiki/Extraterritoriality" title="Extraterritoriality">extra-<br />territoriality</a></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Inside<br /><a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Major_basilica" class="mw-redirect" title="Major basilica">Major basilicas</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/St._Peter%27s_Basilica" title="St. Peter's Basilica">St. Peter's Basilica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archbasilica_of_Saint_John_Lateran" title="Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran">Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basilica_di_Santa_Maria_Maggiore" class="mw-redirect" title="Basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore">Basilica of Saint Mary Major</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basilica_of_Saint_Paul_Outside_the_Walls" title="Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls">Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lateran_Palace" title="Lateran Palace">Lateran Palace</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Lateran_University" title="Pontifical Lateran University">Lateran University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scala_Sancta" title="Scala Sancta">Scala Sancta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sancta_Sanctorum_(Lateran,_Rome)" title="Sancta Sanctorum (Lateran, Rome)">Sancta Sanctorum</a></li> <li>Adjoining buildings</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palazzo_San_Callisto" title="Palazzo San Callisto">Palace of Saint Callixtus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gianicolo" class="mw-redirect" title="Gianicolo">Gianicolo</a> Hill area <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Urban_University" title="Pontifical Urban University">Pontifical Urban University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_North_American_College" title="Pontifical North American College">Pontifical North American College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bambino_Ges%C3%B9_Hospital" title="Bambino Gesù Hospital">Bambino Gesù Hospital</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palazzo_della_Cancelleria" title="Palazzo della Cancelleria">Palazzo della Cancelleria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palazzo_di_Propaganda_Fide" title="Palazzo di Propaganda Fide">Palace of the Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palace_of_the_Holy_Office" title="Palace of the Holy Office">Palace of the Holy Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palazzo_dei_Convertendi" title="Palazzo dei Convertendi">Palace of the Congregation for the Oriental Churches</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palazzo_Pio_(Borgo)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Palazzo Pio (Borgo) (page does not exist)">Palazzo Pio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palace_of_Maffei_Marescotti" class="mw-redirect" title="Palace of Maffei Marescotti">Palace of the Vicariate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Roman_Major_Seminary" title="Pontifical Roman Major Seminary">Pontifical Minor Roman Seminary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collegio_Teutonico" title="Collegio Teutonico">Collegio Teutonico</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Teutonic_Cemetery" title="Teutonic Cemetery">Teutonic Cemetery</a></li></ul></li> <li>Benedictine monastery</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pontifical_Oratory_of_San_Paolo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pontifical Oratory of San Paolo (page does not exist)">Pontifical Oratory of San Paolo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beda_College" title="Beda College">Beda College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_VI_Audience_Hall" title="Paul VI Audience Hall">Paul VI Audience Hall</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Non-extraterritorial" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Non-<br />extraterritorial</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Palace of the <a href="/wiki/Santi_Apostoli,_Rome" title="Santi Apostoli, Rome">Holy Apostles</a></li> <li>Palace of <a href="/wiki/San_Carlo_ai_Catinari" title="San Carlo ai Catinari">San Carlo ai Catinari</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Collegio_Bellarmino&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Collegio Bellarmino (page does not exist)">Collegio Bellarmino</a></li> <li>Archaeological Institute</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Oriental_Institute" title="Pontifical Oriental Institute">Pontifical Oriental Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Lombard_Seminary" title="Pontifical Lombard Seminary">Pontifical Lombard Seminary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collegium_Russicum" title="Collegium Russicum">Russian College</a></li> <li>Two Palaces of <a href="/wiki/Sant%27Apollinare_alle_Terme_Neroniane-Alessandrine" class="mw-redirect" title="Sant'Apollinare alle Terme Neroniane-Alessandrine">Sant'Apollinare</a></li> <li>House of Retreat for the Clergy of Saints John and Paul <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nympheum_of_Nero&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nympheum of Nero (page does not exist)">Nympheum of Nero</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Outside<br />Rome</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Papal_Palace_of_Castel_Gandolfo" class="mw-redirect" title="Papal Palace of Castel Gandolfo">Papal Palace of Castel Gandolfo</a> <ul><li>Papal farm</li> <li>Gardens of the Villa Cybo</li> <li>Villa <a href="/wiki/Barberini" class="mw-redirect" title="Barberini">Barberini</a></li> <li>Adjacent gardens</li></ul></li> <li>Summer estate of <a href="/wiki/Pontificio_Collegio_Urbano_de_Propaganda_Fide" title="Pontificio Collegio Urbano de Propaganda Fide">Pontificio Collegio Urbano de Propaganda Fide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Radio" title="Vatican Radio">Vatican Radio</a> antennae area of <a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santa_Maria_di_Galeria" class="extiw" title="it:Santa Maria di Galeria">Santa Maria di Galeria</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Non-extraterritorial" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Non-<br />extraterritorial</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Basilica_of_the_Holy_House" class="mw-redirect" title="Basilica of the Holy House">Basilica of the Holy House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basilica_of_Saint_Francis_of_Assisi" title="Basilica of Saint Francis of Assisi">Basilica of Saint Francis of Assisi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basilica_of_Saint_Anthony_of_Padua" title="Basilica of Saint Anthony of Padua">Basilica of Saint Anthony of Padua</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Acta_Apostolicae_Sedis" title="Acta Apostolicae Sedis">Acta Apostolicae Sedis</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orders,_decorations,_and_medals_of_the_Holy_See" title="Orders, decorations, and medals of the Holy See">Awards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_household" title="Papal household">Papal household</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter%27s_Pence" title="Peter's Pence">Peter's Pence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Rota" title="Roman Rota">Roman Rota</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Penitentiary" title="Apostolic Penitentiary">Apostolic Penitentiary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Signatura" title="Apostolic Signatura">Apostolic Signatura</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swiss_Guard" title="Swiss Guard">Swiss Guard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:gold"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282023%E2%80%93present%29.svg/16px-Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282023%E2%80%93present%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282023%E2%80%93present%29.svg/24px-Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282023%E2%80%93present%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282023%E2%80%93present%29.svg/32px-Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282023%E2%80%93present%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Vatican_City" title="Portal:Vatican City">Vatican City portal</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:046CupolaSPietro.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/16px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg" decoding="async" width="16" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/24px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/32px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Catholicism" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Catholicism">Catholicism portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Vatican_City_articles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#fff200"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Vatican_City_topics" title="Template:Vatican City topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Vatican_City_topics" title="Template talk:Vatican City topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Vatican_City_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Vatican City topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Vatican_City_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Vatican_City" title="Vatican City">Vatican City</a> <a href="/wiki/Index_of_Vatican_City%E2%80%93related_articles" title="Index of Vatican City–related articles">articles</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:#fff200;hlist"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Vatican_City%E2%80%93related_articles" title="Index of Vatican City–related articles">Index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Vatican_City" title="Outline of Vatican City">Outline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_See" title="Holy See">Holy See</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Properties_of_the_Holy_See" title="Properties of the Holy See">Properties</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope" title="Pope">Pope</a>: <a href="/wiki/Pope_Francis" title="Pope Francis">Francis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereigns_of_Vatican_City_State" class="mw-redirect" title="List of sovereigns of Vatican City State">List of sovereigns</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vicar_General_for_Vatican_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Vicar General for Vatican City">Vicar General for Vatican City</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#fff200;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Vatican_City#History" title="Vatican City">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_papacy" title="History of the papacy">History of the papacy</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Prisoner_in_the_Vatican" title="Prisoner in the Vatican">Prisoner in the Vatican</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circus_of_Nero" title="Circus of Nero">Circus of Nero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_St._Peter%27s_Basilica" title="Old St. Peter's Basilica">Old St. Peter's Basilica</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Papal_tombs_in_Old_St._Peter%27s_Basilica" title="Papal tombs in Old St. Peter's Basilica">Papal tombs</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonine_City" title="Leonine City">Leonine City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cortile_del_Belvedere" title="Cortile del Belvedere">Cortile del Belvedere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santo_Stefano_degli_Ungheresi" title="Santo Stefano degli Ungheresi">Santo Stefano degli Ungheresi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lateran_Treaty" title="Lateran Treaty">Lateran Treaty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borgo_Nuovo_(Rome)" title="Borgo Nuovo (Rome)">Borgo Nuovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borgo_Vecchio_(Rome)" title="Borgo Vecchio (Rome)">Borgo Vecchio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piazza_Scossacavalli" title="Piazza Scossacavalli">Piazza Scossacavalli</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#fff200;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Vatican_City" title="Geography of Vatican City">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#fff200;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Major_basilica" class="mw-redirect" title="Major basilica">Major basilica</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="St._Peter&#039;s_Basilica" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#fff200;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/St._Peter%27s_Basilica" title="St. Peter's Basilica">St. Peter's Basilica</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chair_of_Saint_Peter" title="Chair of Saint Peter">Chair of Saint Peter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Peter%27s_Baldachin" title="St. Peter's Baldachin">St. Peter's Baldachin</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Piet%C3%A0_(Michelangelo)" title="Pietà (Michelangelo)">Pietà</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Necropolis" title="Vatican Necropolis">Vatican Necropolis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Peter%27s_tomb" title="Saint Peter's tomb">Saint Peter's tomb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_extant_papal_tombs" title="List of extant papal tombs">Papal tombs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomb_of_the_Julii" title="Tomb of the Julii">Tomb of the Julii</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Grottoes" title="Vatican Grottoes">Vatican Grottoes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monument_to_the_Royal_Stuarts" title="Monument to the Royal Stuarts">Monument to the Royal Stuarts</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#fff200;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Palace" title="Apostolic Palace">Apostolic Palace</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Redemptoris_Mater_Chapel" title="Redemptoris Mater Chapel">Redemptoris Mater Chapel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borgia_Apartments" title="Borgia Apartments">Borgia Apartments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clementine_Hall" title="Clementine Hall">Clementine Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_apartments" title="Papal apartments">Papal apartments</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Stufetta_del_cardinal_Bibbiena" title="Stufetta del cardinal Bibbiena">Stufetta del cardinal Bibbiena</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cappella_Paolina" title="Cappella Paolina">Cappella Paolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raphael_Rooms" title="Raphael Rooms">Raphael Rooms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niccoline_Chapel" title="Niccoline Chapel">Niccoline Chapel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sala_Regia_(Vatican)" title="Sala Regia (Vatican)">Sala Regia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scala_Regia_(Vatican)" title="Scala Regia (Vatican)">Scala Regia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sistine_Chapel" title="Sistine Chapel">Sistine Chapel</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Last_Judgment_(Michelangelo)" title="The Last Judgment (Michelangelo)">altarpiece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sistine_Chapel_ceiling" title="Sistine Chapel ceiling">ceiling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Room_of_Tears" title="Room of Tears">Room of Tears</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#fff200;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Museums" title="Vatican Museums">Vatican Museums</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Historical_Museum" title="Vatican Historical Museum">Historical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinacoteca_Vaticana" class="mw-redirect" title="Pinacoteca Vaticana">Paintings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collection_of_Modern_and_Contemporary_Art,_Vatican_Museums" title="Collection of Modern and Contemporary Art, Vatican Museums">Modern and Contemporary Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Museums#Pio-Clementino_Museum" title="Vatican Museums">Pio-Clementino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Museums#Chiaramonti_Museum" title="Vatican Museums">Chiaramonti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Museums#Gregoriano_Etrusco_Museum" title="Vatican Museums">Gregoriano Etrusco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Museums#Gregoriano_Egiziano_Museum" title="Vatican Museums">Gregoriano Egiziano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museo_Pio_Cristiano" title="Museo Pio Cristiano">Pio Cristiano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anima_Mundi,_Vatican_City" title="Anima Mundi, Vatican City">Ethnographic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bramante_Staircase" title="Bramante Staircase">Bramante Staircase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Gallery_of_Maps" title="Vatican Gallery of Maps">Maps</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gregorian_Tower" title="Gregorian Tower">Gregorian Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casina_Pio_IV" title="Casina Pio IV">Casina Pio IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sant%27Anna_dei_Palafrenieri" title="Sant'Anna dei Palafrenieri">Sant'Anna dei Palafrenieri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domus_Sanctae_Marthae" title="Domus Sanctae Marthae">Domus Sanctae Marthae</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Domus_Sanctae_Marthae" title="Domus Sanctae Marthae">Holy Spirit Chapel</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gardens_of_Vatican_City" title="Gardens of Vatican City">Gardens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Maria_della_Piet%C3%A0_in_Camposanto_dei_Teutonici" title="Santa Maria della Pietà in Camposanto dei Teutonici">Santa Maria della Pietà in Camposanto dei Teutonici</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Collegio_Teutonico" title="Collegio Teutonico">Collegio Teutonico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teutonic_Cemetery" title="Teutonic Cemetery">Teutonic Cemetery</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mater_Ecclesiae_Monastery" title="Mater Ecclesiae Monastery">Mater Ecclesiae Monastery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sant%27Egidio_in_Borgo" title="Sant'Egidio in Borgo">Sant'Egidio in Borgo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santi_Martino_e_Sebastiano_degli_Svizzeri" title="Santi Martino e Sebastiano degli Svizzeri">Santi Martino e Sebastiano degli Svizzeri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_VI_Audience_Hall" title="Paul VI Audience Hall">Paul VI Audience Hall</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Resurrection_(Fazzini)" title="The Resurrection (Fazzini)">The Resurrection</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passetto_di_Borgo" title="Passetto di Borgo">Passetto di Borgo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Pellegrino_in_Vaticano" title="San Pellegrino in Vaticano">San Pellegrino in Vaticano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Peter%27s_Square" title="St. Peter's Square">St. Peter's Square</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Via_della_Conciliazione" title="Via della Conciliazione">Via della Conciliazione</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fountains_of_St._Peter%27s_Square" title="Fountains of St. Peter's Square">Fountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porta_San_Pellegrino" title="Porta San Pellegrino">Porta San Pellegrino</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ricciolo_d%27Italia" title="Ricciolo d'Italia">Ricciolo d'Italia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_John%27s_Tower_(Vatican_City)" title="Saint John's Tower (Vatican City)">Saint John's Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santo_Stefano_degli_Abissini" title="Santo Stefano degli Abissini">Santo Stefano degli Abissini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Pharmacy" title="Vatican Pharmacy">Vatican Pharmacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Hill" title="Vatican Hill">Vatican Hill</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#fff200;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Vatican_City" title="Politics of Vatican City">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_conclave" title="Papal conclave">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_the_Holy_See" title="Foreign relations of the Holy See">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vicar_General_for_Vatican_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Vicar General for Vatican City">Vicar General</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Vatican_City" title="Law of Vatican City">Law</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Vatican_City" title="Crime in Vatican City">Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fundamental_Law_of_Vatican_City_State" title="Fundamental Law of Vatican City State">Fundamental Law</a></li></ul></li> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#fff200;width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Governance</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pope" title="Pope">Pope</a> <a href="/wiki/Pope_Francis" title="Pope Francis">Francis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cardinal_Secretary_of_State" title="Cardinal Secretary of State">Cardinal Secretary of State</a> <a href="/wiki/Pietro_Parolin" title="Pietro Parolin">Pietro Parolin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#fff200;width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Vatican_City#Executive" title="Politics of Vatican City">Government</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Curia" title="Roman Curia">Roman Curia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Camera" title="Apostolic Camera">Apostolic Camera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_commission" title="Pontifical commission">Commissions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Commission_for_Vatican_City_State" title="Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State">For Vatican City State</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_council" title="Pontifical council">Councils</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_(Roman_Curia)" title="Congregation (Roman Curia)">Congregations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dicastery" title="Dicastery">Dicasteries</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#fff200;width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Military_in_Vatican_City" title="Military in Vatican City">Military</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Corps_of_Gendarmerie_of_Vatican_City" title="Corps of Gendarmerie of Vatican City">Corps of Gendarmerie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swiss_Guard" title="Swiss Guard">Swiss Guard</a></li> <li>See also: <a href="/wiki/Corps_of_Firefighters_of_the_Vatican_City_State" title="Corps of Firefighters of the Vatican City State">Corps of Firefighters</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#fff200;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Vatican_City" title="Economy of Vatican City">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Institute_for_the_Works_of_Religion" title="Institute for the Works of Religion">Banking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_euro_coins" title="Vatican euro coins">Vatican euro coins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_City#Communications" title="Vatican City">Communications</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/.va" title=".va">.va [Internet domain]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poste_Vaticane" title="Poste Vaticane">Poste Vaticane</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Postage_stamps_and_postal_history_of_Vatican_City" title="Postage stamps and postal history of Vatican City">Postage stamps and postal history</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secretariat_for_the_Economy" title="Secretariat for the Economy">Secretariat for the Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Vatican_City" title="Tourism in Vatican City">Tourism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#fff200;width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Infrastructure</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Vatican_City" title="Transport in Vatican City">Transport</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_City_Heliport" title="Vatican City Heliport">Heliport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Railway" title="Vatican Railway">Rail</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#fff200;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Vatican_City#Culture" title="Vatican City">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Academy_of_Sciences" title="Pontifical Academy of Sciences">Academy of Sciences</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Advanced_Technology_Telescope" title="Vatican Advanced Technology Telescope">AT telescope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Observatory" title="Vatican Observatory">observatory</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_Vatican_City" title="Architecture of Vatican City">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_archives_in_Vatican_City" title="List of archives in Vatican City">Archives</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Apostolic_Archive" title="Vatican Apostolic Archive">Apostolic Archive</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Climate_Forest" title="Vatican Climate Forest">Climate Forest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_City#Demographics" title="Vatican City">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Vatican_City" title="Languages of Vatican City">Languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Library" title="Vatican Library">Library</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Film_Library" title="Vatican Film Library">film</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Vatican_City" title="Music of Vatican City">Music</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sistine_Chapel_Choir" title="Sistine Chapel Choir">Sistine Chapel Choir</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philatelic_and_Numismatic_Office_of_the_Vatican_City_State" title="Philatelic and Numismatic Office of the Vatican City State">Philatelic and Numismatic Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Vatican_City" title="Public holidays in Vatican City">Public holidays</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Media" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#fff200;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Mass_media_in_Vatican_City" title="Category:Mass media in Vatican City">Media</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Holy_See_Press_Office" title="Holy See Press Office">Holy See Press Office</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Information_Service" title="Vatican Information Service">Vatican Information Service</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Media" title="Vatican Media">Vatican Media</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_News" title="Vatican News">Vatican News</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Radio" title="Vatican Radio">Vatican Radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Television_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Vatican Television Center">Vatican Television Center</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_News_App" title="Vatican News App">Vatican News App</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Publishing_House" title="Vatican Publishing House">Vatican Publishing House</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Acta_Apostolicae_Sedis" title="Acta Apostolicae Sedis">Acta Apostolicae Sedis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Annuario_Pontificio" title="Annuario Pontificio">Annuario Pontificio</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/L%27Osservatore_Romano" title="L'Osservatore Romano">L'Osservatore Romano</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope2you" title="Pope2you">Pope2you</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#fff200;width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Vatican_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion in Vatican City">Religion</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic Church</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#fff200;width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Symbols</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Anthem" title="Pontifical Anthem">Anthem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Vatican_City" title="Coat of arms of Vatican City">Coat of arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Vatican_City" title="Flag of Vatican City">Flag</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#fff200;width:1%">Sports</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Amateur_Sports_Association" title="Vatican Amateur Sports Association">Amateur Sports Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_City_cricket_team" title="Vatican City cricket team">Cricket team</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_City_national_football_team" title="Vatican City national football team">National football team</a> (Men)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_City_women%27s_national_football_team" title="Vatican City women's national football team">National football team</a> (Women)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Athletics" title="Vatican Athletics">Vatican Athletics</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:#fff200;hlist"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282023%E2%80%93present%29.svg/16px-Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282023%E2%80%93present%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282023%E2%80%93present%29.svg/24px-Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282023%E2%80%93present%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282023%E2%80%93present%29.svg/32px-Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282023%E2%80%93present%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Vatican_City" title="Portal:Vatican City">Vatican City portal</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:046CupolaSPietro.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/16px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg" decoding="async" width="16" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/24px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/32px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Catholicism" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Catholicism">Catholicism portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <table class="wikitable" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:95%; clear: both;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;">Preceded by<br /><b><a href="/wiki/Archbasilica_of_Saint_John_Lateran" title="Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran">Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran</a></b> </td> <td style="text-align: center;"><b>Landmarks of Rome</b><br />Santa Maria Maggiore </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;">Succeeded by<br /><b><a href="/wiki/Basilica_of_Saint_Paul_Outside_the_Walls" title="Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls">Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls</a></b> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Landmarks_of_Rome" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Monuments_of_Rome" title="Template:Monuments of Rome"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Monuments_of_Rome" title="Template talk:Monuments of Rome"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Monuments_of_Rome" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Monuments of Rome"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Landmarks_of_Rome" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_ancient_monuments_in_Rome" title="List of ancient monuments in Rome">Landmarks of Rome</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;white-space:normal; line-height:1.1em;">Walls and gates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aurelian_Walls" title="Aurelian Walls">Aurelian Walls</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Porta_Ardeatina" title="Porta Ardeatina">Ardeatina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porta_Asinaria" title="Porta Asinaria">Asinaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porta_Latina" title="Porta Latina">Latina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porta_Maggiore" title="Porta Maggiore">Maggiore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porta_Metronia" title="Porta Metronia">Metronia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porta_Nomentana" title="Porta Nomentana">Nomentana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porta_Pia" title="Porta Pia">Pia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porta_Pinciana" title="Porta Pinciana">Pinciana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porta_del_Popolo" title="Porta del Popolo">Popolo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porta_Portese" title="Porta Portese">Portese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porta_San_Pancrazio" title="Porta San Pancrazio">San Pancrazio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porta_San_Paolo" title="Porta San Paolo">San Paolo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porta_San_Giovanni_(Rome)" title="Porta San Giovanni (Rome)">San Giovanni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porta_San_Sebastiano" title="Porta San Sebastiano">San Sebastiano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porta_Settimiana" title="Porta Settimiana">Settimiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porta_Tiburtina" title="Porta Tiburtina">Tiburtina</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonine_City" title="Leonine City">Leonine Wall</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Porta_Cavalleggeri" title="Porta Cavalleggeri">Cavalleggeri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porta_Pertusa" title="Porta Pertusa">Pertusa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porta_Santo_Spirito" title="Porta Santo Spirito">Santo Spirito</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castra_Praetoria" title="Castra Praetoria">Castra Praetoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janiculum_walls" title="Janiculum walls">Janiculum Wall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murus_Terreus" title="Murus Terreus">Terreus Wall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murus_Romuli" title="Murus Romuli">Romuli Wall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Servian_Wall" title="Servian Wall">Servian Wall</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Porta_Caelimontana" title="Porta Caelimontana">Caelimontana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porta_Capena" title="Porta Capena">Capena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porta_Collina" title="Porta Collina">Collina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arch_of_Dolabella" title="Arch of Dolabella">Dolabella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porta_Esquilina" title="Porta Esquilina">Esquilina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porta_Fontinalis" title="Porta Fontinalis">Fontinalis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arch_of_Gallienus" title="Arch of Gallienus">Gallienus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porta_Viminale" title="Porta Viminale">Viminale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porta_Naevia" title="Porta Naevia">Naevia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porta_Querquetulana" title="Porta Querquetulana">Querquetulana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porta_Trigemina" title="Porta Trigemina">Trigemina</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;white-space:normal; line-height:1.1em;">Ancient <a href="/wiki/List_of_obelisks_in_Rome" title="List of obelisks in Rome">obelisks</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lateran_Obelisk" title="Lateran Obelisk">Lateran Obelisk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flaminio_Obelisk" title="Flaminio Obelisk">Flaminian Obelisk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elephant_and_Obelisk" title="Elephant and Obelisk">Obelisk of Minerveo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obelisk_of_Montecitorio" title="Obelisk of Montecitorio">Obelisk of Montecitorio</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;white-space:normal; line-height:1.1em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_ancient_monuments_in_Rome" title="List of ancient monuments in Rome">Ancient Roman<br />landmarks</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal; text-align:right;">Triumphal arches</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arch_of_Constantine" title="Arch of Constantine">Arch of Constantine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arch_of_Dolabella" title="Arch of Dolabella">Arch of Dolabella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arch_of_Drusus" title="Arch of Drusus">Arch of Drusus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arch_of_Gallienus" title="Arch of Gallienus">Arch of Gallienus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arch_of_Janus" title="Arch of Janus">Arch of Janus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arch_of_Septimius_Severus" title="Arch of Septimius Severus">Arch of Septimius Severus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arch_of_Titus" title="Arch of Titus">Arch of Titus</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Arcus_Novus" title="Arcus Novus">Arcus Novus</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal; text-align:right;">Aqueducts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Aqua_Appia" title="Aqua Appia">Aqua Appia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Aqua_Alexandrina" title="Aqua Alexandrina">Aqua Alexandrina</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Aqua_Anio_Vetus" title="Aqua Anio Vetus">Aqua Anio Vetus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Aqua_Anio_Novus" title="Aqua Anio Novus">Aqua Anio Novus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Aqua_Claudia" title="Aqua Claudia">Aqua Claudia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Aqua_Julia" title="Aqua Julia">Aqua Julia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Aqua_Marcia" title="Aqua Marcia">Aqua Marcia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Aqua_Tepula" title="Aqua Tepula">Aqua Tepula</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal; text-align:right;">Sewers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Cloaca_Maxima" title="Cloaca Maxima">Cloaca Maxima</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cloaca_Circi_Maximi" title="Cloaca Circi Maximi">Cloaca Circi Maximi</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal; text-align:right;">Public baths</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baths_of_Agrippa" title="Baths of Agrippa">Baths of Agrippa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baths_of_Caracalla" title="Baths of Caracalla">Baths of Caracalla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baths_of_Diocletian" title="Baths of Diocletian">Baths of Diocletian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baths_of_Nero" title="Baths of Nero">Baths of Nero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baths_of_Trajan" title="Baths of Trajan">Baths of Trajan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal; text-align:right;">Religious</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ara_Pacis" title="Ara Pacis">Ara Pacis</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_of_Antoninus_and_Faustina" title="Temple of Antoninus and Faustina">Temple of Antoninus and Faustina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_of_Apollo_Palatinus" title="Temple of Apollo Palatinus">Temple of Apollo Palatinus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_of_Apollo_Sosianus" title="Temple of Apollo Sosianus">Temple of Apollo Sosianus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_of_Hadrian" title="Temple of Hadrian">Temple of Hadrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_of_Hercules_Victor" title="Temple of Hercules Victor">Temple of Hercules Victor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_of_Janus_(Forum_Holitorium)" title="Temple of Janus (Forum Holitorium)">Temple of Janus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_of_Jupiter_Optimus_Maximus" title="Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus">Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_of_Jupiter_Tonans" title="Temple of Jupiter Tonans">Temple of Jupiter Tonans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_of_Minerva_Medica_(nymphaeum)" title="Temple of Minerva Medica (nymphaeum)">Temple of Minerva Medica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_of_Portunus" title="Temple of Portunus">Temple of Portunus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_of_Saturn" title="Temple of Saturn">Temple of Saturn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_of_Vesta" title="Temple of Vesta">Temple of Vesta</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/House_of_the_Vestals" title="House of the Vestals">House of the Vestals</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Largo_di_Torre_Argentina" title="Largo di Torre Argentina">Largo di Torre Argentina</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lupercal" title="Lupercal">Lupercal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pantheon,_Rome" title="Pantheon, Rome">Pantheon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porta_Maggiore_Basilica" title="Porta Maggiore Basilica">Porta Maggiore Basilica</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal; text-align:right;">Fora</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Forum" title="Roman Forum">Roman Forum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_fora" title="Imperial fora">Imperial fora</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Forum_of_Augustus" title="Forum of Augustus">Forum of Augustus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forum_of_Caesar" title="Forum of Caesar">Forum of Caesar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forum_of_Nerva" title="Forum of Nerva">Forum of Nerva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_of_Peace,_Rome" title="Temple of Peace, Rome">Forum of Vespasian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trajan%27s_Forum" title="Trajan's Forum">Trajan's Forum</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Forum_Boarium" title="Forum Boarium">Forum Boarium</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Forum_Holitorium" title="Forum Holitorium">Forum Holitorium</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal; text-align:right;">Civic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Basilica_Argentaria" title="Basilica Argentaria">Basilica Argentaria</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Basilica_Julia" title="Basilica Julia">Basilica Julia</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basilica_of_Junius_Bassus" title="Basilica of Junius Bassus">Basilica of Junius Bassus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basilica_of_Maxentius" title="Basilica of Maxentius">Basilica of Maxentius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basilica_of_Neptune" title="Basilica of Neptune">Basilica of Neptune</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Basilica_Ulpia" title="Basilica Ulpia">Basilica Ulpia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Comitium" title="Comitium">Comitium</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Curia_Julia" title="Curia Julia">Curia Julia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Portico_Dii_Consentes" title="Portico Dii Consentes">Portico Dii Consentes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Porticus_Octaviae" title="Porticus Octaviae">Porticus Octaviae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tabularium" title="Tabularium">Tabularium</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal; text-align:right;">Entertainment</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Circus_Maximus" title="Circus Maximus">Circus Maximus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circus_of_Maxentius" title="Circus of Maxentius">Circus of Maxentius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circus_of_Nero" title="Circus of Nero">Circus of Nero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colosseum" title="Colosseum">Colosseum</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ludus_Magnus" title="Ludus Magnus">Ludus Magnus</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gardens_of_Maecenas" title="Gardens of Maecenas">Gardens of Maecenas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gardens_of_Sallust" title="Gardens of Sallust">Gardens of Sallust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stadium_of_Domitian" title="Stadium of Domitian">Stadium of Domitian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theatre_of_Marcellus" title="Theatre of Marcellus">Theatre of Marcellus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theatre_of_Pompey" title="Theatre of Pompey">Theatre of Pompey</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal; text-align:right;">Palaces and <i>villae</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Domus_Augustana" title="Domus Augustana">Domus Augustana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Domus_Aurea" title="Domus Aurea">Domus Aurea</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Domus_Transitoria" title="Domus Transitoria">Domus Transitoria</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flavian_Palace" title="Flavian Palace">Flavian Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Augustus" title="House of Augustus">House of Augustus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palace_of_Domitian" title="Palace of Domitian">Palace of Domitian</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Villa_Gordiani" title="Villa Gordiani">Villa Gordiani</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villa_of_Livia" title="Villa of Livia">Villa of Livia</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Insula_dell%27Ara_Coeli" title="Insula dell'Ara Coeli">Insula dell'Ara Coeli</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villa_of_the_Quintilii" title="Villa of the Quintilii">Villa of the Quintilii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villa_dei_Sette_Bassi" title="Villa dei Sette Bassi">Villa of the <i>sette bassi</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal; text-align:right;">Column monuments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Column_of_Antoninus_Pius" title="Column of Antoninus Pius">Column of Antoninus Pius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Column_of_Marcus_Aurelius" title="Column of Marcus Aurelius">Column of Marcus Aurelius</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Column_of_Phocas" title="Column of Phocas">Column of Phocas</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trajan%27s_Column" title="Trajan's Column">Trajan's Column</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Five-Columns_Monument" title="Five-Columns Monument">Five-Columns Monument</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal; text-align:right;">Commerce</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Porticus_Aemilia" title="Porticus Aemilia">Porticus Aemilia</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trajan%27s_Market" title="Trajan's Market">Trajan's Market</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal; text-align:right;">Tombs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Casal_Rotondo" title="Casal Rotondo">Casal Rotondo</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catacombs_of_Domitilla" title="Catacombs of Domitilla">Catacombs of Domitilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catacombs_of_Rome" title="Catacombs of Rome">Catacombs of Rome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catacombs_of_San_Sebastiano" title="Catacombs of San Sebastiano">Catacombs of San Sebastiano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbarium_of_Pomponius_Hylas" title="Columbarium of Pomponius Hylas">Columbarium of Pomponius Hylas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mausoleum_of_Augustus" title="Mausoleum of Augustus">Mausoleum of Augustus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mausoleum_of_Helena" title="Mausoleum of Helena">Mausoleum of Helena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mausoleum_of_Maxentius" title="Mausoleum of Maxentius">Mausoleum of Maxentius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyramid_of_Cestius" title="Pyramid of Cestius">Pyramid of Cestius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomb_of_Eurysaces_the_Baker" title="Tomb of Eurysaces the Baker">Tomb of Eurysaces the Baker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomb_of_Hilarus_Fuscus" title="Tomb of Hilarus Fuscus">Tomb of Hilarus Fuscus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomb_of_the_Haterii" title="Tomb of the Haterii">Tomb of the Haterii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomb_of_the_Scipios" title="Tomb of the Scipios">Tomb of the Scipios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tombs_of_Via_Latina" title="Tombs of Via Latina">Tombs of Via Latina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomb_of_Priscilla" title="Tomb of Priscilla">Tomb of Priscilla</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vigna_Randanini" title="Vigna Randanini">Vigna Randanini</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal; text-align:right;">Bridges</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Pons_Cestius" title="Pons Cestius">Pons Cestius</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pons_Fabricius" title="Pons Fabricius">Pons Fabricius</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ponte_Milvio" title="Ponte Milvio">Ponte Milvio</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ponte_Sant%27Angelo" title="Ponte Sant'Angelo">Ponte Sant'Angelo</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;white-space:normal; line-height:1.1em;"><a href="/wiki/Churches_of_Rome" title="Churches of Rome">Roman Catholic<br />basilicas</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Archbasilica_of_Saint_John_Lateran" title="Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran">Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Basilica of Saint Mary Major</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basilica_of_Saint_Paul_Outside_the_Walls" title="Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls">Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Peter%27s_Basilica" title="St. Peter's Basilica">Basilica of Saint Peter in the Vatican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Lorenzo_fuori_le_mura" title="San Lorenzo fuori le mura">S. Lorenzo fuori le mura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sant%27Agnese_fuori_le_mura" title="Sant'Agnese fuori le mura">S. Agnese fuori le mura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sant%27Agostino,_Rome" title="Sant'Agostino, Rome">S. Agostino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sant%27Anastasia_al_Palatino" title="Sant'Anastasia al Palatino">S. Anastasia al Palatino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sant%27Andrea_delle_Fratte" title="Sant'Andrea delle Fratte">S. Andrea delle Fratte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sant%27Andrea_della_Valle" title="Sant'Andrea della Valle">S. Andrea della Valle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sant%27Antonio_da_Padova_in_Via_Merulana" title="Sant'Antonio da Padova in Via Merulana">S. Antonio da Padova in Via Merulana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sant%27Apollinare,_Rome" title="Sant'Apollinare, Rome">S. Apollinare alle Terme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santi_Apostoli,_Rome" title="Santi Apostoli, Rome">Ss. Apostoli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Balbina" title="Santa Balbina">S. Balbina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Bartolomeo_all%27Isola" title="San Bartolomeo all'Isola">S. Bartolomeo all'Isola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santi_Bonifacio_ed_Alessio" title="Santi Bonifacio ed Alessio">Ss. Bonifacio ed Alessio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Camillo_de_Lellis" title="San Camillo de Lellis">S. Camillo de Lellis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sant%27Ambrogio_e_Carlo_al_Corso" title="Sant'Ambrogio e Carlo al Corso">S. Carlo al Corso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Cecilia_in_Trastevere" title="Santa Cecilia in Trastevere">S. Cecilia in Trastevere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santi_Celso_e_Giuliano" title="Santi Celso e Giuliano">Ss. Celso e Giuliano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Clemente_al_Laterano" title="San Clemente al Laterano">S. Clemente</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santi_Cosma_e_Damiano,_Rome" title="Santi Cosma e Damiano, Rome">Ss. Cosma e Damiano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Crisogono,_Rome" class="mw-redirect" title="San Crisogono, Rome">S. Crisogono</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Croce_in_Via_Flaminia" title="Santa Croce in Via Flaminia">S. Croce in Via Flaminia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Croce_in_Gerusalemme" title="Santa Croce in Gerusalemme">S. Croce in Gerusalemme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sant%27Eugenio" title="Sant'Eugenio">S. Eugenio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sant%27Eustachio" title="Sant'Eustachio">S. Eustachio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Francesca_Romana" title="Santa Francesca Romana">S. Francesca Romana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Giovanni_a_Porta_Latina" title="San Giovanni a Porta Latina"> S. Giovanni a Porta Latina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Giovanni_dei_Fiorentini" title="San Giovanni dei Fiorentini">S. Giovanni dei Fiorentini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santi_Giovanni_e_Paolo_al_Celio" title="Santi Giovanni e Paolo al Celio">Ss. Giovanni e Paolo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Lorenzo_in_Damaso" title="San Lorenzo in Damaso">S. Lorenzo in Damaso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Lorenzo_in_Lucina" title="San Lorenzo in Lucina">S. Lorenzo in Lucina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Maria_Ausiliatrice,_Rome" title="Santa Maria Ausiliatrice, Rome">S. Maria Ausiliatrice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Marco_Evangelista_al_Campidoglio,_Rome" title="San Marco Evangelista al Campidoglio, Rome">S. Marco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Maria_degli_Angeli_e_dei_Martiri" title="Santa Maria degli Angeli e dei Martiri">S. Maria degli Angeli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Maria_dei_Miracoli_and_Santa_Maria_in_Montesanto" title="Santa Maria dei Miracoli and Santa Maria in Montesanto">S. Maria in Montesanto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Maria_in_Cosmedin" title="Santa Maria in Cosmedin">S. Maria in Cosmedin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Maria_in_Domnica" title="Santa Maria in Domnica">S. Maria in Domnica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Maria_in_Ara_Coeli" title="Santa Maria in Ara Coeli">S. Maria in Aracoeli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Maria_del_Popolo" title="Santa Maria del Popolo">S. Maria del Popolo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Maria_sopra_Minerva" title="Santa Maria sopra Minerva">S. Maria sopra Minerva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Maria_in_Trastevere" title="Santa Maria in Trastevere">S. Maria in Trastevere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Maria_in_Via" title="Santa Maria in Via">S. Maria in Via</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Maria_in_Via_Lata" title="Santa Maria in Via Lata">S. Maria in Via Lata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Maria_della_Vittoria,_Rome" title="Santa Maria della Vittoria, Rome">S. Maria della Vittoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Martino_ai_Monti" title="San Martino ai Monti">S. Martino ai Monti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santi_Nereo_e_Achilleo" title="Santi Nereo e Achilleo">Ss. Nereo e Achilleo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Nicola_in_Carcere" title="San Nicola in Carcere">S. Nicola in Carcere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Pancrazio" title="San Pancrazio">S. Pancrazio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pantheon,_Rome" title="Pantheon, Rome">Pantheon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Pietro_in_Vincoli" title="San Pietro in Vincoli">S. Pietro in Vincoli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Prassede" title="Santa Prassede">S. Prassede</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Pudenziana" title="Santa Pudenziana">S. Pudenziana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santi_Quattro_Coronati" title="Santi Quattro Coronati">Ss. Quattro Coronati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Saba,_Rome" title="San Saba, Rome">S. Saba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Sabina" title="Santa Sabina">S. Sabina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacro_Cuore_di_Maria" title="Sacro Cuore di Maria">Sacro Cuore di Maria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacro_Cuore_di_Cristo_Re" title="Sacro Cuore di Cristo Re">Sacro Cuore di Cristo Re</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacro_Cuore_di_Ges%C3%B9_a_Castro_Pretorio" title="Sacro Cuore di Gesù a Castro Pretorio">Sacro Cuore di Gesù a Castro Pretorio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Sebastiano_fuori_le_mura" title="San Sebastiano fuori le mura">S. Sebastiano fuori le mura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Silvestro_in_Capite" title="San Silvestro in Capite">S. Silvestro in Capite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Sisto_Vecchio" title="San Sisto Vecchio">S. Sisto Vecchio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Sofia_a_Via_Boccea" title="Santa Sofia a Via Boccea">S. Sofia a Via Boccea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santo_Stefano_al_Monte_Celio" title="Santo Stefano al Monte Celio">S. Stefano Rotondo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Teresa,_Rome" title="Santa Teresa, Rome">S. Teresa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Vitale,_Rome" title="San Vitale, Rome">S. Vitale</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;white-space:normal; line-height:1.1em;"><a href="/wiki/Churches_of_Rome" title="Churches of Rome">Other churches</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Churches_of_Rome" title="Churches of Rome">List of churches in Rome</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;white-space:normal; line-height:1.1em;">Castles and palaces</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arx_(Roman)" title="Arx (Roman)">Arx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casa_dei_Cavalieri_di_Rodi" title="Casa dei Cavalieri di Rodi">Casa dei Cavalieri di Rodi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castel_Sant%27Angelo" title="Castel Sant'Angelo">Castel Sant'Angelo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domus_Internationalis_Paulus_VI" title="Domus Internationalis Paulus VI">Domus Internationalis Paulus VI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palazzo_Aragona_Gonzaga" title="Palazzo Aragona Gonzaga">Palazzo Aragona Gonzaga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palazzo_Barberini" title="Palazzo Barberini">Palazzo Barberini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palazzo_Barberini_ai_Giubbonari" title="Palazzo Barberini ai Giubbonari">Palazzo Barberini ai Giubbonari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palazzo_Borghese" title="Palazzo Borghese">Palazzo Borghese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palazzo_della_Cancelleria" title="Palazzo della Cancelleria">Palazzo della Cancelleria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chigi_Palace" title="Chigi Palace">Palazzo Chigi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palazzo_Colonna" title="Palazzo Colonna">Palazzo Colonna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palazzo_della_Consulta" title="Palazzo della Consulta">Palazzo della Consulta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palazzo_Farnese" title="Palazzo Farnese">Palazzo Farnese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palazzo_Fusconi-Pighini" title="Palazzo Fusconi-Pighini">Palazzo Fusconi-Pighini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palazzo_Giustiniani,_Rome" title="Palazzo Giustiniani, Rome">Palazzo Giustinani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lateran_Palace" title="Lateran Palace">Lateran Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palazzo_Madama,_Rome" title="Palazzo Madama, Rome">Palazzo Madama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palazzo_Malta" title="Palazzo Malta">Palazzo Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palace_of_Justice,_Rome" title="Palace of Justice, Rome">Palazzo di Giustizia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palazzo_Massimo_alle_Colonne" title="Palazzo Massimo alle Colonne">Palazzo Massimo alle Colonne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palazzo_Mattei" title="Palazzo Mattei">Palazzo Mattei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quirinal_Palace" title="Quirinal Palace">Palazzo del Quirinale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palazzo_Pamphilj" title="Palazzo Pamphilj">Palazzo Pamphilj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palazzo_Poli" title="Palazzo Poli">Palazzo Poli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palazzo_Corsini,_Rome" title="Palazzo Corsini, Rome">Palazzo Riario</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palazzo_Ruspoli" title="Palazzo Ruspoli">Palazzo Ruspoli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palazzo_Spada" title="Palazzo Spada">Palazzo Spada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palazzo_Valentini" title="Palazzo Valentini">Palazzo Valentini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palazzo_Vidoni-Caffarelli" title="Palazzo Vidoni-Caffarelli">Palazzo Vidoni-Caffarelli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palazzo_del_Viminale" title="Palazzo del Viminale">Palazzo del Viminale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palazzo_Wedekind" title="Palazzo Wedekind">Palazzo Wedekind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palazzo_Zuccari,_Rome" title="Palazzo Zuccari, Rome">Palazzo Zuccari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villa_Farnesina" title="Villa Farnesina">Villa Farnesina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villa_Giulia" title="Villa Giulia">Villa Giulia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villa_Madama" title="Villa Madama">Villa Madama</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;white-space:normal; line-height:1.1em;">Fountains</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fontana_delle_Api" title="Fontana delle Api">Api</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fontana_dell%27Acqua_Felice" title="Fontana dell'Acqua Felice">Acqua Felice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fontana_dell%27Acqua_Paola" title="Fontana dell'Acqua Paola">Acqua Paola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Babuino" title="Babuino">Babuino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fontana_della_Barcaccia" title="Fontana della Barcaccia">Barcaccia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Il_Facchino" title="Il Facchino">Il Facchino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marforio" title="Marforio">Marforio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fontana_del_Moro" title="Fontana del Moro">Moro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nasone" title="Nasone">Nasone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fontana_della_Navicella,_Rome" title="Fontana della Navicella, Rome">Navicella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fountain_of_Neptune,_Rome" title="Fountain of Neptune, Rome">Neptune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fontana_del_Nettuno,_Piazza_del_Popolo" title="Fontana del Nettuno, Piazza del Popolo">Nettuno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fontana_del_Pantheon" title="Fontana del Pantheon">del Pantheon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fontana_del_Pianto" title="Fontana del Pianto">Pianto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fontana_di_Piazza_d%27Aracoeli" title="Fontana di Piazza d'Aracoeli">di Piazza d'Aracoeli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fontana_di_Piazza_Colonna" title="Fontana di Piazza Colonna">di Piazza Colonna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fontane_di_Piazza_Farnese" title="Fontane di Piazza Farnese">di Piazza Farnese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fontana_della_Piazza_dei_Quiriti" title="Fontana della Piazza dei Quiriti">della Piazza dei Quiriti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fontana_di_Piazza_Nicosia" title="Fontana di Piazza Nicosia">di Piazza Nicosia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fountain_in_Piazza_Santa_Maria_in_Trastevere" title="Fountain in Piazza Santa Maria in Trastevere">in Piazza Santa Maria in Trastevere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fontanone_di_Ponte_Sisto" title="Fontanone di Ponte Sisto">di Ponte Sisto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fontana_dei_Quattro_Fiumi" title="Fontana dei Quattro Fiumi">Quattro Fiumi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quattro_Fontane" title="Quattro Fontane">Quattro Fontane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fontana_delle_Tartarughe" title="Fontana delle Tartarughe">Tartarughe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trevi_Fountain" title="Trevi Fountain">Trevi Fountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fountain_of_the_Tritons" title="Fountain of the Tritons">Tritons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fontana_del_Tritone,_Rome" title="Fontana del Tritone, Rome">Tritone</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;white-space:normal; line-height:1.1em;">Other landmarks</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Emmanuel_II_Monument" title="Victor Emmanuel II Monument">Altare della Patria</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tomb_of_the_Unknown_Soldier_(Italy)" title="Tomb of the Unknown Soldier (Italy)">Tomb of the Unknown Soldier of Italy</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Campo_Verano" title="Campo Verano">Campo Verano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torre_dei_Capocci" title="Torre dei Capocci">Capocci Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Column_of_the_Immaculate_Conception,_Rome" title="Column of the Immaculate Conception, Rome">Column of the Immaculate Conception</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torre_dei_Conti" title="Torre dei Conti">Conti Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ospedale_di_Santo_Spirito_in_Sassia" title="Ospedale di Santo Spirito in Sassia">Hospital of the Holy Spirit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torre_delle_Milizie" title="Torre delle Milizie">Milizie Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ponte_Sisto" title="Ponte Sisto">Sisto Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Steps" title="Spanish Steps">Spanish Steps</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;white-space:normal; line-height:1.1em;"><a href="/wiki/Category:Piazzas_in_Rome" title="Category:Piazzas in Rome">Squares</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_streets_in_Rome" title="List of streets in Rome">streets</a><br />and public spaces</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Appian_Way" title="Appian Way">Appian Way</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Campo_de%27_Fiori" title="Campo de' Fiori">Campo de' Fiori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clivus_Capitolinus" title="Clivus Capitolinus">Clivus Capitolinus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piazza_Colonna" title="Piazza Colonna">Piazza Colonna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piazza_d%27Aracoeli" title="Piazza d'Aracoeli">Piazza d'Aracoeli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piazza_del_Popolo" title="Piazza del Popolo">Piazza del Popolo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piazza_della_Minerva" title="Piazza della Minerva">Piazza della Minerva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piazza_della_Repubblica,_Rome" title="Piazza della Repubblica, Rome">Piazza della Repubblica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piazza_Farnese" title="Piazza Farnese">Piazza Farnese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piazza_Navona" title="Piazza Navona">Piazza Navona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Peter%27s_Square" title="St. Peter's Square">Piazza San Pietro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piazza_di_Spagna" title="Piazza di Spagna">Piazza di Spagna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piazza_Venezia" title="Piazza Venezia">Piazza Venezia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Via_dei_Coronari" title="Via dei Coronari">Via dei Coronari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Via_del_Corso" title="Via del Corso">Via del Corso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Via_della_Conciliazione" title="Via della Conciliazione">Via della Conciliazione</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Via_dei_Fori_Imperiali" title="Via dei Fori Imperiali">Via dei Fori Imperiali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Via_Sacra" title="Via Sacra">Via Sacra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Via_Veneto" title="Via Veneto">Via Veneto</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;white-space:normal; line-height:1.1em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_parks_and_gardens_in_Rome" title="List of parks and gardens in Rome">Parks, gardens</a><br />and zoos</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bioparco_di_Roma" title="Bioparco di Roma">Bioparco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villa_Ada" title="Villa Ada">Villa Ada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villa_Borghese_gardens" title="Villa Borghese gardens">Villa Borghese gardens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villa_Doria_Pamphili" title="Villa Doria Pamphili">Villa Doria Pamphili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villa_Medici" title="Villa Medici">Villa Medici</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villa_Torlonia_(Rome)" title="Villa Torlonia (Rome)">Villa Torlonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parco_degli_Acquedotti" title="Parco degli Acquedotti">Parco degli Acquedotti</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;white-space:normal; line-height:1.1em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_museums_in_Rome" title="List of museums in Rome">Museums and<br />art galleries</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boncompagni_Ludovisi_Decorative_Art_Museum" title="Boncompagni Ludovisi Decorative Art Museum">Boncompagni Ludovisi Decorative Art Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capitoline_Museums" title="Capitoline Museums">Capitoline Museums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casa_di_Goethe" title="Casa di Goethe">Casa di Goethe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galleria_Borghese" title="Galleria Borghese">Galleria Borghese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galleria_Comunale_d%27Arte_Moderna,_Rome" title="Galleria Comunale d'Arte Moderna, Rome">Galleria Comunale d'Arte Moderna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galleria_Doria_Pamphilj" title="Galleria Doria Pamphilj">Galleria Doria Pamphilj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galleria_Nazionale_d%27Arte_Antica" title="Galleria Nazionale d'Arte Antica">Galleria Nazionale d'Arte Antica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galleria_Nazionale_d%27Arte_Moderna" title="Galleria Nazionale d'Arte Moderna">Galleria Nazionale d'Arte Moderna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giorgio_de_Chirico_House_Museum" title="Giorgio de Chirico House Museum">Giorgio de Chirico House Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galleria_Spada" title="Galleria Spada">Galleria Spada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_Museum_of_Rome" title="Jewish Museum of Rome">Jewish Museum of Rome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keats%E2%80%93Shelley_Memorial_House" title="Keats–Shelley Memorial House">Keats–Shelley Memorial House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MAXXI" title="MAXXI">MAXXI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museo_Archeologico_Ostiense" title="Museo Archeologico Ostiense">Museo Archeologico Ostiense</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museo_Barracco_di_Scultura_Antica" title="Museo Barracco di Scultura Antica">Museo Barracco di Scultura Antica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museo_Civico_di_Zoologia" title="Museo Civico di Zoologia">Museo Civico di Zoologia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museo_delle_anime_del_Purgatorio" title="Museo delle anime del Purgatorio">Museo delle anime del Purgatorio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museo_delle_Mura" title="Museo delle Mura">Museo delle Mura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museo_di_Roma" title="Museo di Roma">Museo di Roma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museo_di_Roma_in_Trastevere" title="Museo di Roma in Trastevere">Museo di Roma in Trastevere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museo_nazionale_del_Palazzo_di_Venezia" title="Museo nazionale del Palazzo di Venezia">Museo nazionale del Palazzo di Venezia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Etruscan_Museum" title="National Etruscan Museum">Museo Nazionale Etrusco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museo_Nazionale_Romano" title="Museo Nazionale Romano">Museo Nazionale Romano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museo_Storico_Nazionale_dell%27Arte_Sanitaria" title="Museo Storico Nazionale dell'Arte Sanitaria">Museo Storico Nazionale dell'Arte Sanitaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Contemporary_Art_of_Rome" title="Museum of Contemporary Art of Rome">Museum of Contemporary Art of Rome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Roman_Civilization" title="Museum of Roman Civilization">Museum of Roman Civilization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museum_of_the_Ara_Pacis" title="Museum of the Ara Pacis">Museum of the Ara Pacis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museum_of_the_Liberation_of_Rome" title="Museum of the Liberation of Rome">Museum of the Liberation of Rome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Museum_of_Oriental_Art" title="National Museum of Oriental Art">National Museum of Oriental Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palazzo_Colonna" title="Palazzo Colonna">Palazzo Colonna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palazzo_delle_Esposizioni" title="Palazzo delle Esposizioni">Palazzo delle Esposizioni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pigorini_National_Museum_of_Prehistory_and_Ethnography" title="Pigorini National Museum of Prehistory and Ethnography">Pigorini National Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porta_San_Paolo_Railway_Museum" title="Porta San Paolo Railway Museum">Porta San Paolo Railway Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Accademia_Nazionale_di_Santa_Cecilia_Musical_Instruments_Museum" title="Accademia Nazionale di Santa Cecilia Musical Instruments Museum">Santa Cecilia Musical Instruments Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venanzo_Crocetti_Museum" title="Venanzo Crocetti Museum">Venanzo Crocetti Museum</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;white-space:normal; line-height:1.1em;"><a href="/wiki/Roman_art" title="Roman art">Art</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Apollo_Belvedere" title="Apollo Belvedere">Apollo Belvedere</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augustus_of_Prima_Porta" title="Augustus of Prima Porta">Augustus of Prima Porta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colossus_of_Constantine" title="Colossus of Constantine">Colossus of Constantine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bocca_della_Verit%C3%A0" title="Bocca della Verità">La Bocca della Verità</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Laoco%C3%B6n_and_His_Sons" title="Laocoön and His Sons">Laocoön and His Sons</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ludovisi_Battle_sarcophagus" title="Ludovisi Battle sarcophagus">Ludovisi Battle sarcophagus</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ecstasy_of_Saint_Teresa" title="Ecstasy of Saint Teresa">Ecstasy of Saint Teresa</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Piet%C3%A0_(Michelangelo)" title="Pietà (Michelangelo)">Pietà</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portonaccio_sarcophagus" title="Portonaccio sarcophagus">Portonaccio sarcophagus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raphael_Rooms" title="Raphael Rooms">Raphael Rooms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sistine_Chapel_ceiling" title="Sistine Chapel ceiling">Sistine Chapel ceiling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Velletri_Sarcophagus" title="Velletri Sarcophagus">Velletri Sarcophagus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;white-space:normal; line-height:1.1em;">Landscape</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Seven_Hills" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal; text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Seven_hills_of_Rome" title="Seven hills of Rome">Seven Hills</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aventine_Hill" title="Aventine Hill">Aventine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caelian_Hill" title="Caelian Hill">Caelian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capitoline_Hill" title="Capitoline Hill">Capitoline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Esquiline_Hill" title="Esquiline Hill">Esquiline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palatine_Hill" title="Palatine Hill">Palatine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quirinal_Hill" title="Quirinal Hill">Quirinal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viminal_Hill" title="Viminal Hill">Viminal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tiber_Island" title="Tiber Island">Tiber Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monte_Testaccio" title="Monte Testaccio">Monte Testaccio</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;white-space:normal; line-height:1.1em;"><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_City_of_Rome_Capital" title="Metropolitan City of Rome Capital">Metropolitan City<br />of Rome Capital</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Appian_Way_Regional_Park" title="Appian Way Regional Park">Appian Way Regional Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capo_di_Bove" title="Capo di Bove">Capo di Bove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castello_Orsini-Odescalchi" title="Castello Orsini-Odescalchi">Castello Orsini-Odescalchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frascati" title="Frascati">Frascati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hadrian%27s_Villa" title="Hadrian's Villa">Hadrian's Villa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ostia_Antica" title="Ostia Antica">Ostia Antica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villa_Aldobrandini" title="Villa Aldobrandini">Villa Aldobrandini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villa_d%27Este" title="Villa d'Este">Villa d'Este</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villa_Farnese" title="Villa Farnese">Villa Farnese</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;white-space:normal; line-height:1.1em;"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Rome" title="Culture of Rome">Events and traditions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Festa_della_Repubblica" title="Festa della Repubblica">Festa della Repubblica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rome_Quadriennale" title="Rome Quadriennale">Rome Quadriennale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rome_Film_Festival" title="Rome Film Festival">Rome Film Festival</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;white-space:normal; line-height:1.1em;">Enclave</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_City" title="Vatican City">Vatican City</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186282#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186282#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186282#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/248753162">VIAF</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4228647-5">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n88227199">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Santa Maria Maggiore (kostel : Řím, Itálie)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ko20201062422&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007598928605171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://structurae.net/structures/20014752">Structurae</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/place/82adaadf-214b-4c31-91b2-11b3324fab82">MusicBrainz place</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/079293220">IdRef</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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