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class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_websites" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_websites"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Other websites</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Other_websites-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Other websites subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Other_websites-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-General" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#General"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>General</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-General-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Works_by_Cicero" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Works_by_Cicero"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Works by Cicero</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Works_by_Cicero-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" 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mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 130 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-130" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">130 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cicero" title="Cicero – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Cicero" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcus_Tullius_Cicero" title="Marcus Tullius Cicero – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Marcus Tullius Cicero" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8A%AA%E1%8A%AC%E1%88%AE" title="ኪኬሮ – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ኪኬሮ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%8A%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86" title="شيشرون – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="شيشرون" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cicer%C3%B3n" title="Cicerón – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Cicerón" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BF%D5%AB%D5%AF%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%B8%D5%B6" title="Կիկերոն – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Կիկերոն" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9B_%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9B_%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9A%E0%A7%87%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%8B" title="মাৰ্কাছ টুলিয়াছ চিচেৰো – Assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="মাৰ্কাছ টুলিয়াছ চিচেৰো" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cicer%C3%B3n" title="Cicerón – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Cicerón" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Цицерон – Avaric" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Цицерон" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="Avaric" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_Tulli_Siseron" title="Mark Tulli Siseron – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Mark Tulli Siseron" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86" title="سیسرون – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="سیسرون" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8B" title="সিসারো – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সিসারো" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cicero" title="Cicero – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Cicero" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Цицерон – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Цицерон" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA_%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B9_%D0%A6%D1%8B%D1%86%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Марк Тулій Цыцэрон – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Марк Тулій Цыцэрон" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA_%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%8E%D1%81_%D0%A6%D1%8B%D1%86%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Марк Туліюс Цыцэрон – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Марк Туліюс Цыцэрон" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cicero" title="Cicero – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Cicero" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Цицерон – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Цицерон" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciceron" title="Ciceron – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Ciceron" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcus_Tullius_Cicero" title="Marcus Tullius Cicero – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Marcus Tullius Cicero" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cicer%C3%B3" title="Ciceró – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Ciceró" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA_%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%A6%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Марк Туллий Цицерон – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Марк Туллий Цицерон" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cicero_(konsul)" title="Cicero (konsul) – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Cicero (konsul)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcus_Tullius_Cicero" title="Marcus Tullius Cicero – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Marcus Tullius Cicero" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcu_Tulliu_Cicerone" title="Marcu Tulliu Cicerone – Corsican" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Marcu Tulliu Cicerone" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Corsican" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cicero" title="Cicero – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Cicero" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="recommended article"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcus_Tullius_Cicero" title="Marcus Tullius Cicero – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Marcus Tullius Cicero" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%88" title="كيكيرو – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="كيكيرو" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcus_Tullius_Cicero" title="Marcus Tullius Cicero – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Marcus Tullius Cicero" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cicero" title="Cicero – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Cicero" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%AC%CF%81%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%A4%CF%8D%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%9A%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AD%CF%81%CF%89%CE%BD" title="Μάρκος Τύλλιος Κικέρων – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μάρκος Τύλλιος Κικέρων" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cicero" title="Cicero – English" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Cicero" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cicer%C3%B3n" title="Cicerón – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Cicerón" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cicerono" title="Cicerono – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Cicerono" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cicer%C3%B3n" title="Cicerón – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Cicerón" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zizeron" title="Zizeron – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Zizeron" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86" title="سیسرون – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سیسرون" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cic%C3%A9ron" title="Cicéron – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Cicéron" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markus_Tullius_Sisero" title="Markus Tullius Sisero – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Markus Tullius Sisero" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciceron" title="Ciceron – Friulian" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Ciceron" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Friulian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cicear%C3%B3" title="Cicearó – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Cicearó" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cicero" title="Cicero – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Cicero" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cicer%C3%B3n" title="Cicerón – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Cicerón" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B" title="रोमन तत्त्वगिन्यानी सिसेरो – Goan Konkani" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="रोमन तत्त्वगिन्यानी सिसेरो" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="Goan Konkani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A7%88%EB%A5%B4%EC%BF%A0%EC%8A%A4_%ED%88%B4%EB%A6%AC%EC%9A%B0%EC%8A%A4_%ED%82%A4%EC%BC%80%EB%A1%9C" title="마르쿠스 툴리우스 키케로 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="마르쿠스 툴리우스 키케로" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cicero" title="Cicero – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Cicero" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BF%D5%AB%D5%AF%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%B8%D5%B6" title="Կիկերոն – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Կիկերոն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B" title="सिसरो – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="सिसरो" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciceron" title="Ciceron – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Ciceron" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cicero" title="Cicero – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Cicero" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cicero" title="Cicero – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Cicero" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciceron" title="Ciceron – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Ciceron" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcus_Tullius_Cicero" title="Marcus Tullius Cicero – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Marcus Tullius Cicero" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%ADcer%C3%B3" title="Cíceró – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Cíceró" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marco_Tullio_Cicerone" title="Marco Tullio Cicerone – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Marco Tullio Cicerone" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A8%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%A1_%D7%98%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%95%D7%A1_%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%95" title="מרקוס טוליוס קיקרו – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מרקוס טוליוס קיקרו" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cicero" title="Cicero – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Cicero" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cic%C3%A9ron" title="Cicéron – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Cicéron" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cicero" title="Cicero – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Cicero" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%AA%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="ციცერონი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ციცერონი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Цицерон – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Цицерон" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cicero" title="Cicero – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Cicero" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cic%C3%A9ron" title="Cicéron – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Cicéron" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cicero" title="Cicero – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Cicero" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Цицерон – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Цицерон" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Цицерон – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Цицерон" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcus_Tullius_Cicero" title="Marcus Tullius Cicero – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Marcus Tullius Cicero" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cicerons" title="Cicerons – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Cicerons" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcus_Tullius_Cicero" title="Marcus Tullius Cicero – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Marcus Tullius Cicero" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markas_Tulijus_Ciceronas" title="Markas Tulijus Ciceronas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Markas Tulijus Ciceronas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cicero" title="Cicero – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Cicero" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marco_Tullio_Cicero" title="Marco Tullio Cicero – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Marco Tullio Cicero" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcus_Tullius_Cicero" title="Marcus Tullius Cicero – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Marcus Tullius Cicero" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Цицерон – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Цицерон" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cicero" title="Cicero – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Cicero" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8B" title="സിസറോ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സിസറോ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B" title="सिसेरो – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="सिसेरो" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%AA%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="ციცერონი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ციცერონი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%8A%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86" title="شيشرون – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="شيشرون" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cicero" title="Cicero – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Cicero" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA_%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%A6%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Марк Туллий Цицерон – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Марк Туллий Цицерон" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%86%E1%80%85%E1%80%BA%E1%80%86%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF" title="ဆစ်ဆရို – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဆစ်ဆရို" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciceron" title="Ciceron – Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="Ciceron" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nāhuatl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcus_Tullius_Cicero" title="Marcus Tullius Cicero – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Marcus Tullius Cicero" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B" title="सिसेरो – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="सिसेरो" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9E%E3%83%AB%E3%82%AF%E3%82%B9%E3%83%BB%E3%83%88%E3%82%A5%E3%83%83%E3%83%AA%E3%82%A6%E3%82%B9%E3%83%BB%E3%82%AD%E3%82%B1%E3%83%AD" title="マルクス・トゥッリウス・キケロ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="マルクス・トゥッリウス・キケロ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcus_Tullius_Cicero" title="Marcus Tullius Cicero – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Marcus Tullius Cicero" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cicero" title="Cicero – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Cicero" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciceron" title="Ciceron – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Ciceron" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sitseron_Mark_Tulliy" title="Sitseron Mark Tulliy – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Sitseron Mark Tulliy" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%8B" title="ਸਿਸਰੋ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਸਿਸਰੋ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%88" title="سائیسیرو – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="سائیسیرو" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%B1%D9%88" title="سيسرو – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="سيسرو" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%8A%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9A%E1%9F%89%E1%9E%BC" title="ស៊ីសេរ៉ូ – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ស៊ីសេរ៉ូ" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciceron" title="Ciceron – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Ciceron" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyceron" title="Cyceron – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Cyceron" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%ADcero" title="Cícero – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Cícero" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcus_Tullius_Cicero" title="Marcus Tullius Cicero – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Marcus Tullius Cicero" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcus_Tullius_Cicero" title="Marcus Tullius Cicero – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Marcus Tullius Cicero" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Цицерон – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Цицерон" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cicero" title="Cicero – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Cicero" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcus_Tullius_Cicero" title="Marcus Tullius Cicero – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Marcus Tullius Cicero" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciceroni" title="Ciceroni – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Ciceroni" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciciruni" title="Ciciruni – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Ciciruni" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcus_Tullius_Cicero" title="Marcus Tullius Cicero – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Marcus Tullius Cicero" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_Tulij_Ciceron" title="Mark Tulij Ciceron – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Mark Tulij Ciceron" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%97%D0%BA%D1%94%D1%80%D1%A1%D0%BD%D1%8A" title="Кїкєрѡнъ – Church Slavic" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Кїкєрѡнъ" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="Church Slavic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%B1%DB%86" title="سیسرۆ – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="سیسرۆ" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%BE_%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B5_%D0%A6%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Марко Тулије Цицерон – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Марко Тулије Цицерон" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciceron" title="Ciceron – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Ciceron" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cicero" title="Cicero – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Cicero" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cicero" title="Cicero – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Cicero" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciceron" title="Ciceron – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Ciceron" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8B" title="சிசெரோ – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="சிசெரோ" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Цицерон – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Цицерон" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A3" title="กิแกโร – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="กิแกโร" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cicero" title="Cicero – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Cicero" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Цицерон – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Цицерон" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%88" title="سائیسیرو – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="سائیسیرو" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciceron" title="Ciceron – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Ciceron" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cicero" title="Cicero – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Cicero" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcus_Tullius_Cicero" title="Marcus Tullius Cicero – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Marcus Tullius Cicero" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%A1%9E%E7%BE%85" title="西塞羅 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="西塞羅" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcus_Tullius_Cicero" title="Marcus Tullius Cicero – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Marcus Tullius Cicero" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cicer%C3%B3n" title="Cicerón – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Cicerón" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%A1%9E%E7%BD%97" title="西塞罗 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="西塞罗" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%ADs%E1%BA%B9%CC%81r%C3%B2" title="Kísẹ́rò – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Kísẹ́rò" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%A1%9E%E7%BE%85" title="西塞羅 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="西塞羅" data-language-autonym="粵語" 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.mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div style="display:inline;" class="fn">Marcus Tullius Cicero</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:M-T-Cicero.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Marcus Tullius Cicero"><img alt="Marcus Tullius Cicero" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/M-T-Cicero.jpg/200px-M-T-Cicero.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="269" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/M-T-Cicero.jpg/300px-M-T-Cicero.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/M-T-Cicero.jpg/400px-M-T-Cicero.jpg 2x" data-file-width="709" data-file-height="953" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Marcus Tullius Cicero</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em;line-height:1.1em;padding-right:0.65em;">Born</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;">3 January 106 BC<br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arpinum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arpinum (not yet started)">Arpinum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em;line-height:1.1em;padding-right:0.65em;">Died</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;">7 December 43 BC<br /><a href="/wiki/Formia" title="Formia">Formia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em;line-height:1.1em;padding-right:0.65em;">Occupation</th><td class="infobox-data role" style="line-height:1.4em;"><a href="/wiki/Politician" title="Politician">Politician</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lawyer" title="Lawyer">lawyer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Orator" title="Orator">orator</a> and <a href="/wiki/Philosopher" class="mw-redirect" title="Philosopher">philosopher</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em;line-height:1.1em;padding-right:0.65em;">Nationality</th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height:1.4em;"><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Rome" title="Ancient Rome">Ancient Roman</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em;line-height:1.1em;padding-right:0.65em;">Subject</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;"><a href="/wiki/Politics" title="Politics">politics</a>, <a href="/wiki/Law" title="Law">law</a>, <a href="/wiki/Philosophy" title="Philosophy">philosophy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oratory" class="mw-redirect" title="Oratory">oratory</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em;line-height:1.1em;padding-right:0.65em;">Literary movement</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;"><a href="/wiki/Classical_Latin#Golden_Age_Latin" title="Classical Latin">Golden Age Latin</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em;line-height:1.1em;padding-right:0.65em;">Notable works</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;"><b>Politics:</b> <i><a href="https://simple.wikisource.org/wiki/For_Publius_Quinctius" class="extiw" title="s:For Publius Quinctius">Pro Quinctio</a></i><br /><b>Philosophy:</b> <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=De_Inventione&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="De Inventione (not yet started)">De Inventione</a></i></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Svedomsky-Fulvia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Svedomsky-Fulvia.jpg/500px-Svedomsky-Fulvia.jpg" decoding="async" width="350" height="175" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Svedomsky-Fulvia.jpg/960px-Svedomsky-Fulvia.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="2396" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p><b>Marcus Tullius Cicero</b><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (3 January 106 <a href="/wiki/BC" class="mw-redirect" title="BC">BC</a> – 7 December 43 BC) was a <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Rome" title="Ancient Rome">Roman</a> <a href="/wiki/Statesman" title="Statesman">statesman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roman_consul" title="Roman consul">consul</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lawyer" title="Lawyer">lawyer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Political_science" title="Political science">political</a> theorist and <a href="/wiki/Philosopher" class="mw-redirect" title="Philosopher">philosopher</a>. He is often thought to be one of Rome's greatest <a href="/wiki/Rhetoric" title="Rhetoric">orators</a> and prose stylists.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>His Latin is thought to be the model of Classical Latin. He introduced Greek <a href="/wiki/Philosophy" title="Philosophy">philosophy</a> to the Romans. </p><p>Cicero was heavily involved in the politics of the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Republic" title="Roman Republic">Roman Republic</a>. After <a href="/wiki/Julius_Caesar" title="Julius Caesar">Julius Caesar</a>'s death, Cicero became an enemy of <a href="/wiki/Mark_Antony" title="Mark Antony">Mark Antony</a>. In the power struggle, Cicero attacked Antony in a series of speeches. Cicero was <a href="/wiki/Proscription" title="Proscription">proscribed</a> as an <a href="/w/index.php?title=Enemy_of_the_state&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Enemy of the state (not yet started)">enemy of the state</a> by the <a href="/wiki/Second_Triumvirate" title="Second Triumvirate">Second Triumvirate</a>. He was executed in 43 BC by soldiers working for the Triumvirate. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cicero&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Change section: References" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cicero&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: References"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9724317">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><small>Latin pronunciation: </small><span title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Latin" title="Help:IPA/Latin">['kikeroː]</a></span>, usually pronounced <span title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)" class="IPA">[ˈsɪsərəʊ]</span> in <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Rawson, E.: <i>Cicero, a portrait</i> (1975) p.303</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Haskell, H.J.: <i>This was Cicero</i> (1964)p.300-301</span> </li> </ol></div></div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cicero&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Change section: Sources" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cicero&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Sources"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Everitt, Anthony 2001, <i>Cicero: the life and times of Rome's greatest politician</i>, <a href="/wiki/Random_House" title="Random House">Random House</a>, hardback, 359 pages, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9724332">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-375-50746-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-375-50746-9">0-375-50746-9</a></li> <li>Haskell, H.J.: (1946) <i>This was Cicero</i>, Fawcett publications, Inc. Greenwich, Conn. USA</li> <li>Rawson, Elizabeth (1975) <i>Cicero, A portrait</i>, Allen Lane, London <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7139-0864-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-7139-0864-5">0-7139-0864-5</a></li> <li>Taylor, H. (1918). <i>Cicero: A sketch of his life and works.</i> Chicago: A. C. McClurg & Co.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_websites">Other websites</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cicero&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Change section: Other websites" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cicero&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Other websites"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9671870">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r8662964">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="38" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/57px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/76px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Latin <a href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a> has original writing related to this article: <div style="margin-left: 10px;"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/s:la:Marcus_Tullius_Cicero" class="extiw" title="w:s:la:Marcus Tullius Cicero">Marcus Tullius Cicero</a></b></div></div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9671870" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9671876" /><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8662964" /> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/34px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="34" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/51px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/68px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: <i><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/q:Special:Search/Cicero" class="extiw" title="en:q:Special:Search/Cicero">Cicero</a></b></i></div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9671870" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9671876" /><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8662964" /> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <i><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Marcus_Tullius_Cicero" class="extiw" title="commons:Marcus Tullius Cicero">Cicero</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="General">General</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cicero&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Change section: General" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cicero&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: General"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gracie.smsu.edu/cicero.htm">Links to Cicero resources</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060905095412/http://gracie.smsu.edu/cicero.htm">Archived</a> 2006-09-05 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.utexas.edu/depts/classics/documents/Cic.html">University of Texas Cicero Homepage</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20051125123207/http://www.utexas.edu/depts/classics/documents/Cic.html">Archived</a> 2005-11-25 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iep.utm.edu/c/cicero.htm">The Internet Encyclopædia of Philosophy</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Works_by_Cicero">Works by Cicero</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cicero&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Change section: Works by Cicero" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cicero&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Works by Cicero"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gutenberg.org/author/Marcus+Tullius+Cicero">Works by Cicero</a> at <a href="/wiki/Project_Gutenberg" title="Project Gutenberg">Project Gutenberg</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perseus_Project&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perseus Project (not yet started)">Perseus Project</a> (Latin and English): <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cache/perscoll_Greco-Roman.html">Classics Collection (see: M. Tullius Cicero)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Latin_Library&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Latin Library (not yet started)">The Latin Library</a> (Latin): <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thelatinlibrary.com/cic.html">Works of Cicero</a></li> <li>UAH (Latin, with translation notes): <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.uah.edu/student_life/organizations/SAL/texts/latin/classical/cicero/index.html">Cicero Page</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060221001804/http://www.uah.edu/student_life/organizations/SAL/texts/latin/classical/cicero/index.html">Archived</a> 2006-02-21 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.constitution.org/rom/de_officiis.htm">De Officiis</a></i>, translated by Walter Miller</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.intratext.com/Catalogo/Autori/AUT76.HTM">Cicero's works</a>: text, concordances and frequency list</li></ul></li> <li>Biographies and descriptions of Cicero's time: <ul><li>At Project Gutenberg <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Plutarch" title="Plutarch">Plutarch</a>'s biography of Cicero contained in the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gutenberg.org/etext/674"><i>Parallel Lives</i></a></li> <li><i>Life of Cicero</i> by Anthony Trollope, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gutenberg.org/etext/8945">Volume I</a> – Volume II</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gutenberg.org/etext/11448"><i>Cicero</i> by Rev. W. Lucas Collins (<i>Ancient Classics for English Readers</i>)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gutenberg.org/etext/13481"><i>Roman life in the days of Cicero</i> by Rev. Alfred J. Church</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gutenberg.org/etext/11256"><i>Social life at Rome in the Age of Cicero</i></a> by <a href="/w/index.php?title=W._Warde_Fowler&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="W. Warde Fowler (not yet started)">W. Warde Fowler</a></li></ul></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.heraklia.fws1.com/contemporaries/cicero">At Heraklia website</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060517160023/http://www.heraklia.fws1.com/contemporaries/cicero/">Archived</a> 2006-05-17 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://classics.mit.edu/Plutarch/cicero.html">Dryden's translation of <i>Cicero</i> from Plutarch's <i>Parallel Lives</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111001223743/http://classics.mit.edu/Plutarch/cicero.html">Archived</a> 2011-10-01 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://community.middlebury.edu/~harris/LatinAuthors/Cicero.html">At Middlebury College website</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://freewebs.com/praetorbrutus">Prætor Brutus</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081209041634/http://www.freewebs.com/praetorbrutus/">Archived</a> 2008-12-09 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/international/story/0,,1736315,00.html">News article on a museum-guide robot named after him</a></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:95%;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<br /><span style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lucius_Julius_Caesar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lucius Julius Caesar (not yet started)">Lucius Julius Caesar</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gaius_Marcius_Figulus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gaius Marcius Figulus (not yet started)">Gaius Marcius Figulus</a></span> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Roman_Republican_consuls&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of Roman Republican consuls (not yet started)">Consul</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Republic" title="Roman Republic">Roman Republic</a></b><br /><i>with <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gaius_Antonius_Hybrida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gaius Antonius Hybrida (not yet started)">Gaius Antonius Hybrida</a></i><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=63_BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="63 BC (not yet started)">63 BC</a> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<br /><span style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Decimus_Junius_Silanus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Decimus Junius Silanus (not yet started)">Decimus Junius Silanus</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lucius_Licinius_Murena&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lucius Licinius Murena (not yet started)">Lucius Licinius Murena</a></span> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9122542">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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(not yet started)">Lactantius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laozi" title="Laozi">Laozi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mencius" title="Mencius">Mencius</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mozi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mozi (not yet started)">Mozi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Origen" title="Origen">Origen</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Philo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Philo (not yet started)">Philo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plato" title="Plato">Plato</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plutarch" title="Plutarch">Plutarch</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Polybius&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Polybius (not yet started)">Polybius</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shang_Yang&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shang Yang (not yet started)">Shang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Tzu" title="Sun Tzu">Sun Tzu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tertullian" title="Tertullian">Tertullian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thucydides" title="Thucydides">Thucydides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thiruvalluvar" title="Thiruvalluvar">Valluvar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xenophon" title="Xenophon">Xenophon</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Xun_Kuang&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Xun Kuang (not yet started)">Xunzi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Medieval</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al-Farabi" title="Al-Farabi">Alpharabius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Aquinas" title="Thomas Aquinas">Aquinas</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avempace&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Avempace (not yet started)">Avempace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Averroes" title="Averroes">Averroes</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Baldus_de_Ubaldis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baldus de Ubaldis (not yet started)">Baldus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bartolus_de_Saxoferrato&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bartolus de Saxoferrato (not yet started)">Bartolus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonardo_Bruni&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Leonardo Bruni (not yet started)">Bruni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dante_Alighieri" title="Dante Alighieri">Dante</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Gelasius_I" title="Pope Gelasius I">Gelasius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Ghazali" title="Al-Ghazali">al-Ghazali</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Giles_of_Rome&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Giles of Rome (not yet started)">Giles</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Decretum_Gratiani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Decretum Gratiani (not yet started)">Gratian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Gregory_VII" title="Pope Gregory VII">Gregory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibn_Khaldun" title="Ibn Khaldun">Ibn Khaldun</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_of_Salisbury&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John of Salisbury (not yet started)">John of Salisbury</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brunetto_Latini&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brunetto Latini (not yet started)">Latini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maimonides" title="Maimonides">Maimonides</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marsilius_of_Padua&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marsilius of Padua (not yet started)">Marsilius</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nizam_al-Mulk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nizam al-Mulk (not yet started)">Nizam al-Mulk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_of_Ockham" title="William of Ockham">Ockham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photios_I_of_Constantinople" title="Photios I of Constantinople">Photios</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ibn_Tufail&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ibn Tufail (not yet started)">Ibn Tufail</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wang_Anshi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wang Anshi (not yet started)">Wang</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Early modern</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Theodore_Beza&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Theodore Beza (not yet started)">Beza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89tienne_de_La_Bo%C3%A9tie" title="Étienne de La Boétie">Boétie</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean_Bodin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jean Bodin (not yet started)">Bodin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jacques-B%C3%A9nigne_Bossuet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jacques-Bénigne Bossuet (not yet started)">Bossuet</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=George_Buchanan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="George Buchanan (not yet started)">Buchanan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Calvin" title="John Calvin">Calvin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Philippe_de_Mornay&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Philippe de Mornay (not yet started)">Duplessis-Mornay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erasmus" title="Erasmus">Erasmus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Filmer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert Filmer (not yet started)">Filmer</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wawrzyniec_Go%C5%9Blicki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wawrzyniec Goślicki (not yet started)">Goslicius</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hugo_Grotius&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hugo Grotius (not yet started)">Grotius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francesco_Guicciardini" title="Francesco Guicciardini">Guicciardini</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Harrington_(author)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="James Harrington (author) (not yet started)">Harrington</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hayashi_Razan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hayashi Razan (not yet started)">Hayashi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hobbes" title="Thomas Hobbes">Hobbes</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fran%C3%A7ois_Hotman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="François Hotman (not yet started)">Hotman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_VI_and_I" title="James VI and I">James</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gottfried_Wilhelm_Leibniz" class="mw-redirect" title="Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz">Leibniz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Locke" title="John Locke">Locke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Luther" title="Martin Luther">Luther</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli" title="Niccolò Machiavelli">Machiavelli</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nicolas_Malebranche&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nicolas Malebranche (not yet started)">Malebranche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Milton" title="John Milton">Milton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michel_de_Montaigne" title="Michel de Montaigne">Montaigne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_More" title="Thomas More">More</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_M%C3%BCntzer" title="Thomas Müntzer">Müntzer</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Samuel_von_Pufendorf&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Samuel von Pufendorf (not yet started)">Pufendorf</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Algernon_Sidney&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Algernon Sidney (not yet started)">Sidney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baruch_Spinoza" title="Baruch Spinoza">Spinoza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Su%C3%A1rez" title="Francisco Suárez">Suárez</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">18th–19th-century</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Bakunin" title="Mikhail Bakunin">Bakunin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Bastiat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frédéric Bastiat (not yet started)">Bastiat</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cesare_Beccaria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cesare Beccaria (not yet started)">Beccaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Bentham" title="Jeremy Bentham">Bentham</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_St_John,_1st_Viscount_Bolingbroke&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Henry St John, 1st Viscount Bolingbroke (not yet started)">Bolingbroke</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Louis_de_Bonald&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Louis de Bonald (not yet started)">Bonald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmund_Burke" title="Edmund Burke">Burke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Carlyle" title="Thomas Carlyle">Carlyle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auguste_Comte" title="Auguste Comte">Comte</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marquis_de_Condorcet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marquis de Condorcet (not yet started)">Condorcet</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benjamin_Constant&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Benjamin Constant (not yet started)">Constant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Donoso_Cort%C3%A9s" title="Juan Donoso Cortés">Cortés</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Waldo_Emerson" title="Ralph Waldo Emerson">Emerson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Engels" title="Friedrich Engels">Engels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Gottlieb_Fichte" title="Johann Gottlieb Fichte">Fichte</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_Fourier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Charles Fourier (not yet started)">Fourier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin" title="Benjamin Franklin">Franklin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Godwin" title="William Godwin">Godwin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karl_Ludwig_von_Haller&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Karl Ludwig von Haller (not yet started)">Haller</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Johann_Georg_Hamann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Johann Georg Hamann (not yet started)">Hamann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georg_Wilhelm_Friedrich_Hegel" title="Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel">Hegel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Claude_Adrien_Helv%C3%A9tius&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Claude Adrien Helvétius (not yet started)">Helvétius</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Johann_Gottfried_Herder&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Johann Gottfried Herder (not yet started)">Herder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Hume" title="David Hume">Hume</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson" title="Thomas Jefferson">Jefferson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immanuel_Kant" title="Immanuel Kant">Kant</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Political_philosophy_of_Immanuel_Kant&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Political philosophy of Immanuel Kant (not yet started)">political philosophy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%B8ren_Kierkegaard" title="Søren Kierkegaard">Kierkegaard</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gustave_Le_Bon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gustave Le Bon (not yet started)">Le Bon</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pierre_Guillaume_Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_le_Play&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pierre Guillaume Frédéric le Play (not yet started)">Le Play</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Madison" title="James Madison">Madison</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseph_de_Maistre&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joseph de Maistre (not yet started)">Maistre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Marx" title="Karl Marx">Marx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Mazzini" title="Giuseppe Mazzini">Mazzini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Stuart_Mill" title="John Stuart Mill">Mill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montesquieu" title="Montesquieu">Montesquieu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Nietzsche" title="Friedrich Nietzsche">Nietzsche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novalis" title="Novalis">Novalis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Owen" title="Robert Owen">Owen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Paine" title="Thomas Paine">Paine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ernest_Renan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ernest Renan (not yet started)">Renan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Jacques_Rousseau" title="Jean-Jacques Rousseau">Rousseau</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Josiah_Royce&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Josiah Royce (not yet started)">Royce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marquis_de_Sade" title="Marquis de Sade">Sade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henri_de_Saint-Simon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Henri de Saint-Simon (not yet started)">Saint-Simon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Schiller" title="Friedrich Schiller">Schiller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adam_Smith" title="Adam Smith">Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Spencer" title="Herbert Spencer">Spencer</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lysander_Spooner&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lysander Spooner (not yet started)">Spooner</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Germaine_de_Sta%C3%ABl&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Germaine de Staël (not yet started)">de Staël</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Max_Stirner&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Max Stirner (not yet started)">Stirner</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hippolyte_Taine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hippolyte Taine (not yet started)">Taine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_David_Thoreau" title="Henry David Thoreau">Thoreau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexis_de_Tocqueville" title="Alexis de Tocqueville">Tocqueville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Tucker" title="Benjamin Tucker">Tucker</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Giambattista_Vico&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Giambattista Vico (not yet started)">Vico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swami_Vivekananda" title="Swami Vivekananda">Vivekananda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voltaire" title="Voltaire">Voltaire</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Josiah_Warren&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Josiah Warren (not yet started)">Warren</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">20th–21st-century</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Theodor_W._Adorno" title="Theodor W. Adorno">Adorno</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Giorgio_Agamben&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Giorgio Agamben (not yet started)">Agamben</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B._R._Ambedkar" title="B. R. Ambedkar">Ambedkar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hannah_Arendt" title="Hannah Arendt">Arendt</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Raymond_Aron&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Raymond Aron (not yet started)">Aron</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alain_Badiou&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alain Badiou (not yet started)">Badiou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Baudrillard" title="Jean Baudrillard">Baudrillard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zygmunt_Bauman" title="Zygmunt Bauman">Bauman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alain_de_Benoist" title="Alain de Benoist">Benoist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaiah_Berlin" title="Isaiah Berlin">Berlin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eduard_Bernstein&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eduard Bernstein (not yet started)">Bernstein</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Burnham&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="James Burnham (not yet started)">Burnham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judith_Butler" title="Judith Butler">Butler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Camus" title="Albert Camus">Camus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noam_Chomsky" title="Noam Chomsky">Chomsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simone_de_Beauvoir" title="Simone de Beauvoir">de Beauvoir</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Guy_Debord&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Guy Debord (not yet started)">Debord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilles_Deleuze" title="Gilles Deleuze">Deleuze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Dewey" title="John Dewey">Dewey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Dmowski" title="Roman Dmowski">Dmowski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W._E._B._Du_Bois" title="W. E. B. Du Bois">Du Bois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleksandr_Dugin" title="Aleksandr Dugin">Dugin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89mile_Durkheim" title="Émile Durkheim">Durkheim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Dworkin" title="Ronald Dworkin">Dworkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julius_Evola" title="Julius Evola">Evola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michel_Foucault" title="Michel Foucault">Foucault</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erich_Fromm" title="Erich Fromm">Fromm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Fukuyama" title="Francis Fukuyama">Fukuyama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahatma_Gandhi" title="Mahatma Gandhi">Gandhi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arnold_Gehlen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arnold Gehlen (not yet started)">Gehlen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Gentile" title="Giovanni Gentile">Gentile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Gramsci" title="Antonio Gramsci">Gramsci</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ren%C3%A9_Gu%C3%A9non&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="René Guénon (not yet started)">Guénon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%BCrgen_Habermas" title="Jürgen Habermas">Habermas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Hayek" title="Friedrich Hayek">Hayek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Heidegger" title="Martin Heidegger">Heidegger</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans-Hermann_Hoppe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hans-Hermann Hoppe (not yet started)">Hoppe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_P._Huntington" title="Samuel P. Huntington">Huntington</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Luce_Irigaray&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Luce Irigaray (not yet started)">Irigaray</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bertrand_de_Jouvenel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bertrand de Jouvenel (not yet started)">Jouvenel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karl_Kautsky&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Karl Kautsky (not yet started)">Kautsky</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russell_Kirk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Russell Kirk (not yet started)">Kirk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leszek_Ko%C5%82akowski" title="Leszek Kołakowski">Kołakowski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Kropotkin" title="Peter Kropotkin">Kropotkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernesto_Laclau" title="Ernesto Laclau">Laclau</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nick_Land&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nick Land (not yet started)">Land</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali_Latifiyan" title="Ali Latifiyan">Latifiyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Lenin" title="Vladimir Lenin">Lenin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosa_Luxemburg" title="Rosa Luxemburg">Luxemburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alasdair_MacIntyre" title="Alasdair MacIntyre">MacIntyre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvey_Mansfield" title="Harvey Mansfield">Mansfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Marcuse" title="Herbert Marcuse">Marcuse</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jacques_Maritain&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jacques Maritain (not yet started)">Maritain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Maurras" title="Charles Maurras">Maurras</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Michels&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert Michels (not yet started)">Michels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ludwig_von_Mises" title="Ludwig von Mises">Mises</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gaetano_Mosca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gaetano Mosca (not yet started)">Mosca</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chantal_Mouffe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chantal Mouffe (not yet started)">Mouffe</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antonio_Negri&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Antonio Negri (not yet started)">Negri</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reinhold_Niebuhr&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Reinhold Niebuhr (not yet started)">Niebuhr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Nozick" title="Robert Nozick">Nozick</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Said_Nurs%C3%AE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Said Nursî (not yet started)">Nursî</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Michael_Oakeshott&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Michael Oakeshott (not yet started)">Oakeshott</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jos%C3%A9_Ortega_y_Gasset&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="José Ortega y Gasset (not yet started)">Ortega</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vilfredo_Pareto" title="Vilfredo Pareto">Pareto</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karl_Polanyi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Karl Polanyi (not yet started)">Polanyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Popper" title="Karl Popper">Popper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sayyid_Qutb" title="Sayyid Qutb">Qutb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarvepalli_Radhakrishnan" title="Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan">Radhakrishnan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ayn_Rand" title="Ayn Rand">Rand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Rawls" title="John Rawls">Rawls</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wilhelm_R%C3%B6pke&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wilhelm Röpke (not yet started)">Röpke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murray_Rothbard" title="Murray Rothbard">Rothbard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bertrand_Russell" title="Bertrand Russell">Russell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Santayana" title="George Santayana">Santayana</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prabhat_Ranjan_Sarkar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Prabhat Ranjan Sarkar (not yet started)">Sarkar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Paul_Sartre" title="Jean-Paul Sartre">Sartre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Schmitt" title="Carl Schmitt">Schmitt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Scruton" title="Roger Scruton">Scruton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Searle" title="John Searle">Searle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali_Shariati" title="Ali Shariati">Shariati</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Georg_Simmel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Georg Simmel (not yet started)">Simmel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B._F._Skinner" title="B. F. Skinner">Skinner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Werner_Sombart" title="Werner Sombart">Sombart</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Georges_Sorel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Georges Sorel (not yet started)">Sorel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Othmar_Spann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Othmar Spann (not yet started)">Spann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oswald_Spengler" title="Oswald Spengler">Spengler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leo_Strauss" title="Leo Strauss">Strauss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Yat-sen" title="Sun Yat-sen">Sun</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_Taylor_(philosopher)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Charles Taylor (philosopher) (not yet started)">Taylor</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eric_Voegelin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eric Voegelin (not yet started)">Voegelin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Walzer" title="Michael Walzer">Walzer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Weber" title="Max Weber">Weber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simone_Weil" title="Simone Weil">Weil</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtis_Yarvin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curtis Yarvin (not yet started)">Yarvin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slavoj_%C5%BDi%C5%BEek" title="Slavoj Žižek">Žižek</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Category:Social_theories&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Category:Social theories (not yet started)">Social theories</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism" title="Anarchism">Anarchism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Authoritarianism" title="Authoritarianism">Authoritarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communism" title="Communism">Communism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Confucianism" title="Confucianism">Confucianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservatism" title="Conservatism">Conservatism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contractualism" title="Contractualism">Contractualism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fascism" title="Fascism">Fascism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gandhism" title="Gandhism">Gandhism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_nationalism" class="mw-redirect" title="Hindu nationalism">Hindu nationalism</a> (<a href="/wiki/Hindutva" title="Hindutva">Hindutva</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Individualism" title="Individualism">Individualism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Political_aspects_of_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Political aspects of Islam (not yet started)">Islamic theories</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islamism" title="Islamism">Islamism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legalism_(Chinese_philosophy)" class="mw-redirect" title="Legalism (Chinese philosophy)">Legalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism" title="Liberalism">Liberalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libertarianism" title="Libertarianism">Libertarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Populism" title="Populism">Populism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republicanism" title="Republicanism">Republicanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_Darwinism" class="mw-redirect" title="Social Darwinism">Social Darwinism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialism" title="Socialism">Socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utilitarianism" title="Utilitarianism">Utilitarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mohism&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mohism (not yet started)">Mohism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_liberalism&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National liberalism (not yet started)">National liberalism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Social_constructionism&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Social constructionism (not yet started)">Social constructionism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Social_constructivism&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" 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