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<div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-肝病種類" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#肝病種類"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>肝病種類</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-肝病種類-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-文獻" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#文獻"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>文獻</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-文獻-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">肝病</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。19种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-19" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">19种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%B6_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A8%D8%AF" title="مرض الكبد – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مرض الكبد" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepatopatia" title="Hepatopatia – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Hepatopatia" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liver_disease" title="Liver disease – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Liver disease" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepatopat%C3%ADa" title="Hepatopatía – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Hepatopatía" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maksahaigused" title="Maksahaigused – 爱沙尼亚语" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Maksahaigused" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="爱沙尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%DA%A9%D8%A8%D8%AF%DB%8C" title="بیماری‌های کبدی – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="بیماری‌های کبدی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A9patopathie" title="Hépatopathie – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Hépatopathie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A1jbetegs%C3%A9gek" title="Májbetegségek – 匈牙利语" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Májbetegségek" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BC%D5%B5%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A4%D5%AB_%D5%B0%D5%AB%D5%BE%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A4%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Լյարդի հիվանդություններ – 亚美尼亚语" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Լյարդի հիվանդություններ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="亚美尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epatopatia" title="Epatopatia – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Epatopatia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%83%E0%B2%A4%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A4%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%A8_%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8B%E0%B2%97" title="ಯಕೃತ್ತಿನ ರೋಗ – 卡纳达语" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಯಕೃತ್ತಿನ ರೋಗ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="卡纳达语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B0%84%EC%A7%88%ED%99%98" title="간질환 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="간질환" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepatopatia" title="Hepatopatia – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Hepatopatia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liver_disease" title="Liver disease – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Liver disease" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liver" title="Liver – 巽他语" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Liver" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="巽他语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D2%B3%D0%BE%D0%B8_%D2%B7%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Бемориҳои ҷигар – 塔吉克语" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Бемориҳои ҷигар" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="塔吉克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagyr_keseli" title="Bagyr keseli – 土库曼语" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Bagyr keseli" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="土库曼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B6_%D8%AC%DA%AF%D8%B1" title="امراض جگر – 乌尔都语" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="امراض جگر" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="乌尔都语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%E1%BB%87nh_gan" title="Bệnh gan – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Bệnh gan" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q929737#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav 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.ambox-move{border-left-color:#9932cc!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left-color:#a2a9b1!important}}</style><table class="box-Expand plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Antistub.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Antistub.svg/44px-Antistub.svg.png" decoding="async" width="44" height="44" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Antistub.svg/66px-Antistub.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Antistub.svg/88px-Antistub.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">此條目<b>需要擴充。</b><span class="hide-when-compact"></span> <small class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">2018年5月15日</span>)</i></small><span class="hide-when-compact"><br /><small>请協助<a class="external text" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E8%82%9D%E7%97%85&action=edit">改善这篇條目</a>，更進一步的信息可能會在<a href="/wiki/Talk:%E8%82%9D%E7%97%85" title="Talk:肝病">討論頁</a>或<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%89%A9%E5%85%85%E8%AF%B7%E6%B1%82" title="Wikipedia:扩充请求">扩充请求</a>中找到。请在擴充條目後將此模板移除。</small></span><span class="hide-when-compact"></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83732082">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox td div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox td div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox td div.NavHead:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox td div.NavHead:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color:lightgrey">肝病<br />Hepatic disease</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style=""><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Non-alcoholic_fatty_liver_disease1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Non-alcoholic_fatty_liver_disease1.jpg/300px-Non-alcoholic_fatty_liver_disease1.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="223" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Non-alcoholic_fatty_liver_disease1.jpg/450px-Non-alcoholic_fatty_liver_disease1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Non-alcoholic_fatty_liver_disease1.jpg/600px-Non-alcoholic_fatty_liver_disease1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3460" data-file-height="2572" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E9%85%92%E7%B2%BE%E6%80%A7%E8%84%82%E8%82%AA%E8%82%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="非酒精性脂肪肝">非酒精性脂肪肝</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E9%A1%AF%E5%BE%AE%E7%85%A7%E7%9B%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="顯微照相">顯微照相</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;">类型</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E8%84%82%E8%82%AA%E8%82%9D" title="脂肪肝">脂肪肝</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%82%9D%E7%82%8E" title="肝炎">肝炎</a>（和更多類型）<sup id="cite_ref-medl_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-medl-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%8A%E6%96%AD" title="诊断">診斷方法</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E8%82%9D%E5%8A%9F%E8%83%BD%E6%B8%AC%E8%A9%A6" title="肝功能測試">肝功能測試</a><sup id="cite_ref-web_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-web-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;">治療</th><td class="infobox-data" style="">依照類型而定</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#eee;;;">分类和外部资源</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%86%AB%E5%AD%B8%E5%B0%88%E7%A7%91" title="醫學專科">醫學專科</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E8%83%83%E8%82%A0%E5%AD%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="胃肠学">胃肠学</a>（肝膽胃腸科）</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%96%BE%E7%97%85%E5%92%8C%E6%9C%89%E5%85%B3%E5%81%A5%E5%BA%B7%E9%97%AE%E9%A2%98%E7%9A%84%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="疾病和有关健康问题的国际统计分类">ICD</a>-<a href="/wiki/ICD-9%E7%BC%96%E7%A0%81%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="ICD-9编码列表">9-CM</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">573.9、573.8</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/MedlinePlus" title="MedlinePlus">MedlinePlus</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000205.htm">000205</a></td></tr><tr class="noprint"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align: right; font-size:0.9em;">[<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q929737" class="extiw" title="d:Q929737">编辑此条目的维基数据</a>]</td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r85100532">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-size:small}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:2em;margin-bottom:0.8em;margin-top:0.8em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img::after{content:"\202f \202f \202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small::after{content:"\202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small{display:none}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable selfref"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Star_of_life_caution.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Star_of_life_caution.svg/20px-Star_of_life_caution.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Star_of_life_caution.svg/30px-Star_of_life_caution.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Star_of_life_caution.svg/40px-Star_of_life_caution.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="210" data-file-height="190" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91" title="维基百科">维基百科</a>中的醫學内容<b>仅供参考</b>，並<b>不能</b>視作專業意見。如需獲取醫療幫助或意見，请咨询专业人士。詳見<b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A3%B0%E6%98%8E" title="Wikipedia:医学声明">醫學聲明</a></b>。</div> <p><b>肝病</b>（英語：<span lang="en"><b>Hepatic disease</b>、<b>Liver disease</b></span>）是指<a href="/wiki/%E8%82%9D%E8%87%9F" title="肝臟">肝臟</a>疾病，或是肝臟受損的症狀。<sup id="cite_ref-medl_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-medl-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="肝病種類"><span id=".E8.82.9D.E7.97.85.E7.A8.AE.E9.A1.9E"></span>肝病種類</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%82%9D%E7%97%85&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：肝病種類"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ground_glass_hepatocytes_high_mag_cropped_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Ground_glass_hepatocytes_high_mag_cropped_2.jpg/220px-Ground_glass_hepatocytes_high_mag_cropped_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="178" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Ground_glass_hepatocytes_high_mag_cropped_2.jpg/330px-Ground_glass_hepatocytes_high_mag_cropped_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Ground_glass_hepatocytes_high_mag_cropped_2.jpg/440px-Ground_glass_hepatocytes_high_mag_cropped_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1544" data-file-height="1252" /></a><figcaption>毛玻璃樣肝細胞</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Primary_biliary_cirrhosis_intermed_mag_much_cropping.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Primary_biliary_cirrhosis_intermed_mag_much_cropping.jpg/220px-Primary_biliary_cirrhosis_intermed_mag_much_cropping.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Primary_biliary_cirrhosis_intermed_mag_much_cropping.jpg/330px-Primary_biliary_cirrhosis_intermed_mag_much_cropping.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Primary_biliary_cirrhosis_intermed_mag_much_cropping.jpg/440px-Primary_biliary_cirrhosis_intermed_mag_much_cropping.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1089" data-file-height="714" /></a><figcaption>原發性膽汁性肝硬化</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Buddchiari2.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Buddchiari2.PNG/220px-Buddchiari2.PNG" decoding="async" width="220" height="175" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Buddchiari2.PNG/330px-Buddchiari2.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Buddchiari2.PNG/440px-Buddchiari2.PNG 2x" data-file-width="1149" data-file-height="916" /></a><figcaption>Budd-chiari綜合徵</figcaption></figure> <p>肝病種類超過一百種以上。症狀包括黃疸及體重減輕。以下是一最常見的肝病<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>： </p> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Fascioliasis" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Fascioliasis"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fascioliasis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fascioliasis（页面不存在）">Fascioliasis</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fascioliasis" class="extiw" title="en:Fascioliasis"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Fascioliasis</span></a></span>）</span></span>，是由<a href="/wiki/%E7%89%87%E5%BD%A2%E5%B1%9E" title="片形属">片形屬</a>的寄生蟲（大部份是<a href="/wiki/%E7%89%9B%E7%BE%8A%E8%82%9D%E5%90%B8%E8%9F%B2" title="牛羊肝吸蟲">牛羊肝吸蟲</a>）造成的寄生蟲感染<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%82%9D%E7%82%8E" title="肝炎">肝炎</a>是指肝臟的發炎，可能因為病毒造成（<a href="/wiki/%E7%97%85%E6%AF%92%E6%80%A7%E8%82%9D%E7%82%8E" title="病毒性肝炎">病毒性肝炎</a>），也有可能因為<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="肝毒性" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="hepatotoxicity"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%82%9D%E6%AF%92%E6%80%A7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="肝毒性（页面不存在）">肝毒性</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/hepatotoxicity" class="extiw" title="en:hepatotoxicity"><span lang="en" dir="auto">hepatotoxicity</span></a></span>）</span></span>物質造成（例如<a href="/wiki/%E9%85%92%E7%B2%BE%E6%80%A7%E8%82%9D%E7%82%8E" title="酒精性肝炎">酒精性肝炎</a>），或是因為免疫（<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E8%BA%AB%E5%85%8D%E7%96%AB%E6%80%A7%E8%82%9D%E7%82%8E" title="自身免疫性肝炎">自身免疫性肝炎</a>）、遺傳所造成<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%85%92%E7%B2%BE%E6%80%A7%E8%82%9D%E7%97%85" title="酒精性肝病">酒精性肝病</a>是因為<a href="/wiki/%E9%85%92%E7%B2%BE%E4%B8%8D%E7%95%B6%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8" title="酒精不當使用">酒精濫用</a>造成的肝臟表現，包括<a href="/wiki/%E8%84%82%E8%82%AA%E8%82%9D" title="脂肪肝">脂肪肝</a>、酒精性肝炎及<a href="/wiki/%E8%82%9D%E7%A1%AC%E5%8C%96" title="肝硬化">肝硬化</a>。像是「藥物引發」肝病或是「毒性」肝病的類似詞語則用來描述因為藥物引發的肝病<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%84%82%E8%82%AA%E8%82%9D" title="脂肪肝">脂肪肝</a>（肝臟<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="脂肪變性" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="steatosis"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%84%82%E8%82%AA%E8%AE%8A%E6%80%A7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="脂肪變性（页面不存在）">脂肪變性</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/steatosis" class="extiw" title="en:steatosis"><span lang="en" dir="auto">steatosis</span></a></span>）</span></span>）是一種可逆的症狀，是指大量<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E9%85%B8%E7%94%98%E6%B2%B9%E9%85%AF" title="三酸甘油酯">三酸甘油酯</a>空泡累積在肝細胞中<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。<a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E9%85%92%E7%B2%BE%E6%80%A7%E8%84%82%E8%82%AA%E8%82%9D%E7%97%85" class="mw-redirect" title="非酒精性脂肪肝病">非酒精性脂肪肝病</a>是和肥胖及<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A3%E8%AC%9D%E7%97%87%E5%80%99%E7%BE%A4" title="代謝症候群">代謝症候群</a>有關的疾病<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>會損害肝臟的<a href="/wiki/%E9%81%BA%E5%82%B3%E6%80%A7%E7%96%BE%E7%97%85" class="mw-redirect" title="遺傳性疾病">遺傳性疾病</a>包括會在體內累積<a href="/wiki/%E9%93%81" title="铁">铁</a>質的<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%80%E8%89%B2%E6%B2%89%E8%91%97%E7%97%85" title="血色沉著病">血色沉着病</a><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>以及<a href="/wiki/%E8%82%9D%E8%B1%86%E7%8B%80%E6%A0%B8%E8%AE%8A%E6%80%A7" title="肝豆狀核變性">肝豆狀核變性</a>。肝臟損害也是<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="α1-抗胰蛋白酶缺乏症" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%CE%911-%E6%8A%97%E8%83%B0%E8%9B%8B%E7%99%BD%E9%85%B6%E7%BC%BA%E4%B9%8F%E7%97%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Α1-抗胰蛋白酶缺乏症（页面不存在）">α1-抗胰蛋白酶缺乏症</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/alpha_1-antitrypsin_deficiency" class="extiw" title="en:alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency"><span lang="en" dir="auto">alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency</span></a></span>）</span></span><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>以及<a href="/wiki/%E9%BE%90%E8%B2%9D%E6%B0%8F%E7%97%87" class="mw-redirect" title="龐貝氏症">龐貝氏症</a><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>的臨床特徵。</li> <li>在<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%B6%E6%97%8F%E6%80%A7%E6%BE%B1%E7%B2%89%E6%A8%A3%E7%89%A9%E5%A4%9A%E7%99%BC%E6%80%A7%E7%A5%9E%E7%B6%93%E7%97%85%E8%AE%8A" title="家族性澱粉樣物多發性神經病變">家族性澱粉樣物多發性神經病變</a>中，肝臟產生突變的轉甲狀腺素蛋白，會有嚴重的神經變性及心臟病效應。肝臟移植是其中一種治療方式<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%89%E7%88%BE%E6%B3%A2%E7%89%B9%E7%97%87%E5%80%99%E7%BE%A4" title="吉爾波特症候群">吉爾波特症候群</a>是有關<a href="/wiki/%E8%83%86%E7%BA%A2%E7%B4%A0" title="胆红素">胆红素</a>代謝的基因性疾病，在少部份人身上會出現，會造成輕微<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%84%E7%96%B8" title="黄疸">黄疸</a><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%82%9D%E7%A1%AC%E5%8C%96" title="肝硬化">肝硬化</a>是指肝臟中形成纖維組織（<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A4%E7%BB%B4%E5%8C%96" title="纤维化">纤维化</a>），取代肝臟中死亡的肝細胞，肝細胞死亡的原因包括病毒性肝炎、飲酒過量、其他肝毒性物質。肝硬化會導致慢性<a href="/wiki/%E8%82%9D%E8%A1%B0%E7%AB%AD" title="肝衰竭">肝衰竭</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。</li> <li>原發性<a href="/wiki/%E8%82%9D%E7%99%8C" title="肝癌">肝癌</a>最見的有<a href="/wiki/%E8%82%9D%E7%B4%B0%E8%83%9E%E7%99%8C" title="肝細胞癌">肝細胞癌</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E8%86%BD%E7%AE%A1%E7%99%8C" title="膽管癌">膽管癌</a>，而肝<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="血管肉瘤" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="angiosarcoma"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A1%80%E7%AE%A1%E8%82%89%E7%98%A4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="血管肉瘤（页面不存在）">血管肉瘤</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/angiosarcoma" class="extiw" title="en:angiosarcoma"><span lang="en" dir="auto">angiosarcoma</span></a></span>）</span></span>比較少見（許多肝臟惡性腫瘤是從腸胃道或是肺臟、腎臟原發癌症轉移的繼發性病灶）<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E7%99%BC%E6%80%A7%E8%86%BD%E6%B1%81%E6%80%A7%E8%82%9D%E7%A1%AC%E5%8C%96" class="mw-redirect" title="原發性膽汁性肝硬化">原發性膽汁性肝硬化</a>是<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="膽小管" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="bile canaliculus"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%86%BD%E5%B0%8F%E7%AE%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="膽小管（页面不存在）">膽小管</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/bile_canaliculus" class="extiw" title="en:bile canaliculus"><span lang="en" dir="auto">bile canaliculus</span></a></span>）</span></span>的嚴重<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E9%AB%94%E5%85%8D%E7%96%AB%E6%80%A7%E7%96%BE%E7%97%85" title="自體免疫性疾病">自體免疫性疾病</a><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E7%99%BC%E6%80%A7%E7%A1%AC%E5%8C%96%E6%80%A7%E8%86%BD%E7%AE%A1%E7%82%8E" title="原發性硬化性膽管炎">原發性硬化性膽管炎</a>是嚴重的慢性<a href="/wiki/%E8%86%BD%E7%AE%A1" title="膽管">膽管</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%82%8E%E7%97%87" title="炎症">炎症</a>，可能和器官的自體免疫性有關<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E5%8A%A0%E7%BB%BC%E5%90%88%E5%BE%81" title="布加综合征">布加综合征</a>是因為<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="肝静脉" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="hepatic vein"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%82%9D%E9%9D%99%E8%84%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="肝静脉（页面不存在）">肝静脉</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/hepatic_vein" class="extiw" title="en:hepatic vein"><span lang="en" dir="auto">hepatic vein</span></a></span>）</span></span><a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%80%E7%AE%A1%E9%97%AD%E5%A1%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="血管闭塞">闭塞</a>造成的臨床症狀<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="文獻"><span id=".E6.96.87.E7.8D.BB"></span>文獻</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%82%9D%E7%97%85&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：文獻"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-medl-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-medl_1-0"><sup><b>1.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-medl_1-1"><sup><b>1.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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