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<li id="toc-Revolutionary_period" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Revolutionary_period"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Revolutionary period</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Revolutionary_period-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Creation_of_the_Treasury" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Creation_of_the_Treasury"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Creation of the Treasury</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Creation_of_the_Treasury-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1860s" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1860s"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>1860s</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1860s-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2003_reorganization" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2003_reorganization"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>2003 reorganization</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2003_reorganization-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2020_data_breach" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2020_data_breach"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>2020 data breach</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2020_data_breach-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Responsibilities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Responsibilities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Responsibilities</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Responsibilities-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Responsibilities subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Responsibilities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Basic_functions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Basic_functions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Basic functions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Basic_functions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Organization" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Organization"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Organization</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Organization-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Organization subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Organization-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Structure" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Structure"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Structure</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Structure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bureaus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bureaus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Bureaus</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bureaus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Budget_and_staffing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Budget_and_staffing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Budget and staffing</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Budget_and_staffing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Freedom_of_Information_Act_processing_performance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Freedom_of_Information_Act_processing_performance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Freedom of Information Act processing performance</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Freedom_of_Information_Act_processing_performance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes_and_references" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes_and_references"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Notes and references</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes_and_references-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">United States Department of the Treasury</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 44 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-44" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">44 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AE%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A9_(%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%AF%D8%A9)" title="وزارة الخزانة (الولايات المتحدة) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="وزارة الخزانة (الولايات المتحدة)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Departamento_d%27o_Tresoro_d%27os_Estaus_Unius" title="Departamento d'o Tresoro d'os Estaus Unius – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Departamento d'o Tresoro d'os Estaus Unius" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%AD-kok_Ch%C3%A2i-ch%C3%A8ng_P%C5%8D%CD%98" title="Bí-kok Châi-chèng Pō͘ – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Bí-kok Châi-chèng Pō͘" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D1%84%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%9E_%D0%97%D0%A8%D0%90" title="Міністэрства фінансаў ЗША – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Міністэрства фінансаў ЗША" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D1%84%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%9E_%D0%97%D0%A8%D0%90" title="Міністэрства фінансаў ЗША – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Міністэрства фінансаў ЗША" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A1%D0%90%D0%A9" title="Министерство на финансите на САЩ – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Министерство на финансите на САЩ" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Departament_del_Tresor_dels_Estats_Units" title="Departament del Tresor dels Estats Units – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Departament del Tresor dels Estats Units" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ministerstvo_financ%C3%AD_Spojen%C3%BDch_st%C3%A1t%C5%AF_americk%C3%BDch" title="Ministerstvo financí Spojených států amerických – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Ministerstvo financí Spojených států amerických" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adran_Trysorlys_yr_Unol_Daleithiau" title="Adran Trysorlys yr Unol Daleithiau – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Adran Trysorlys yr Unol Daleithiau" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finansministeriet_(USA)" title="Finansministeriet (USA) – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Finansministeriet (USA)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finanzministerium_der_Vereinigten_Staaten" title="Finanzministerium der Vereinigten Staaten – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Finanzministerium der Vereinigten Staaten" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ameerika_%C3%9Chendriikide_Rahandusministeerium" title="Ameerika Ühendriikide Rahandusministeerium – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Ameerika Ühendriikide Rahandusministeerium" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A5%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%BF_%CE%9F%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8E%CE%BD_%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%97%CE%BD%CF%89%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%BD%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%A0%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%B9%CF%84%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%8E%CE%BD" title="Υπουργείο Οικονομικών των Ηνωμένων Πολιτειών – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Υπουργείο Οικονομικών των Ηνωμένων Πολιτειών" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Departamento_del_Tesoro_de_los_Estados_Unidos" title="Departamento del Tesoro de los Estados Unidos – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Departamento del Tesoro de los Estados Unidos" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usona_Departemento_de_la_Trezorejo" title="Usona Departemento de la Trezorejo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Usona Departemento de la Trezorejo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ameriketako_Estatu_Batuetako_Ogasun_Saila" title="Ameriketako Estatu Batuetako Ogasun Saila – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ameriketako Estatu Batuetako Ogasun Saila" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA_%D8%AE%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%AF%D9%87_%D8%A2%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%A7" title="وزارت خزانه‌داری ایالات متحده آمریکا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="وزارت خزانه‌داری ایالات متحده آمریکا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%A9partement_du_Tr%C3%A9sor_des_%C3%89tats-Unis" title="Département du Trésor des États-Unis – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Département du Trésor des États-Unis" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%AF%B8%EA%B5%AD_%EC%9E%AC%EB%AC%B4%EB%B6%80" title="미국 재무부 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="미국 재무부" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ministarstvo_financija_Sjedinjenih_Ameri%C4%8Dkih_Dr%C5%BEava" title="Ministarstvo financija Sjedinjenih Američkih Država – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Ministarstvo financija Sjedinjenih Američkih Država" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Departemen_Keuangan_Amerika_Serikat" title="Departemen Keuangan Amerika Serikat – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Departemen Keuangan Amerika Serikat" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dipartimento_del_tesoro_degli_Stati_Uniti_d%27America" title="Dipartimento del tesoro degli Stati Uniti d'America – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Dipartimento del tesoro degli Stati Uniti d'America" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%97%D7%9C%D7%A7%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A6%D7%A8_%D7%A9%D7%9C_%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%A6%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%AA" title="מחלקת האוצר של ארצות הברית – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מחלקת האוצר של ארצות הברית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jungtini%C5%B3_Valstij%C5%B3_Finans%C5%B3_departamentas" title="Jungtinių Valstijų Finansų departamentas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Jungtinių Valstijų Finansų departamentas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jabatan_Perbendaharaan_Amerika_Syarikat" title="Jabatan Perbendaharaan Amerika Syarikat – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Jabatan Perbendaharaan Amerika Syarikat" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury" title="United States Department of the Treasury – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="United States Department of the Treasury" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%A1%E3%83%AA%E3%82%AB%E5%90%88%E8%A1%86%E5%9B%BD%E8%B2%A1%E5%8B%99%E7%9C%81" title="アメリカ合衆国財務省 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アメリカ合衆国財務省" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finansdepartementet_(USA)" title="Finansdepartementet (USA) – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Finansdepartementet (USA)" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Departament_Skarbu_Stan%C3%B3w_Zjednoczonych" title="Departament Skarbu Stanów Zjednoczonych – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Departament Skarbu Stanów Zjednoczonych" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Departamento_do_Tesouro_dos_Estados_Unidos" title="Departamento do Tesouro dos Estados Unidos – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Departamento do Tesouro dos Estados Unidos" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Departamentul_Trezoreriei_Statelor_Unite_ale_Americii" title="Departamentul Trezoreriei Statelor Unite ale Americii – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Departamentul Trezoreriei Statelor Unite ale Americii" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2_%D0%A1%D0%A8%D0%90" title="Министерство финансов США – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Министерство финансов США" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Departamenti_i_Thesarit_i_Shteteve_t%C3%AB_Bashkuara" title="Departamenti i Thesarit i Shteteve të Bashkuara – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Departamenti i Thesarit i Shteteve të Bashkuara" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury" title="United States Department of the Treasury – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="United States Department of the Treasury" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%95%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%95%D8%AA%DB%8C_%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C%DB%8C_%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%95%D8%AA%DB%95_%DB%8C%DB%95%DA%A9%DA%AF%D8%B1%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%88%DB%95%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%A6%DB%95%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%A7" title="وەزارەتی داراییی ولایەتە یەکگرتووەکانی ئەمریکا – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="وەزارەتی داراییی ولایەتە یەکگرتووەکانی ئەمریکا" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ministarstvo_financija_Sjedinjenih_Ameri%C4%8Dkih_Dr%C5%BEava" title="Ministarstvo financija Sjedinjenih Američkih Država – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Ministarstvo financija Sjedinjenih Američkih Država" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yhdysvaltain_valtiovarainministeri%C3%B6" title="Yhdysvaltain valtiovarainministeriö – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Yhdysvaltain valtiovarainministeriö" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/USA:s_finansdepartement" title="USA:s finansdepartement – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="USA:s finansdepartement" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90" title="กระทรวงการคลังสหรัฐ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="กระทรวงการคลังสหรัฐ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hazine_Bakanl%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1_(Amerika_Birle%C5%9Fik_Devletleri)" title="Hazine Bakanlığı (Amerika Birleşik Devletleri) – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Hazine Bakanlığı (Amerika Birleşik Devletleri)" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a 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href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury&params=38_53_51.2_N_77_2_3.4_W_type:landmark_region:US-DC"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">38°53′51.2″N</span> <span class="longitude">77°2′3.4″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">38.897556°N 77.034278°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">38.897556; -77.034278</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">United States federal executive department</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title" style="font-size: 125%;">United States Department of the Treasury</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury.svg/175px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury.svg.png" decoding="async" width="175" height="175" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury.svg/263px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury.svg/350px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="246" data-file-height="246" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption"><a href="/wiki/Symbols_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury" title="Symbols of the United States Department of the Treasury">Seal of the Department</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury.png/175px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury.png" decoding="async" width="175" height="94" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury.png/263px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury.png/350px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury.png 2x" data-file-width="403" data-file-height="216" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption"><a href="/wiki/Symbols_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury" title="Symbols of the United States Department of the Treasury">Flag of the Department</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:U.S._Treasury_Department_Building,_Washington,_D.C_LCCN2011635063.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/U.S._Treasury_Department_Building%2C_Washington%2C_D.C_LCCN2011635063.jpg/220px-U.S._Treasury_Department_Building%2C_Washington%2C_D.C_LCCN2011635063.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/U.S._Treasury_Department_Building%2C_Washington%2C_D.C_LCCN2011635063.jpg/330px-U.S._Treasury_Department_Building%2C_Washington%2C_D.C_LCCN2011635063.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/U.S._Treasury_Department_Building%2C_Washington%2C_D.C_LCCN2011635063.jpg/440px-U.S._Treasury_Department_Building%2C_Washington%2C_D.C_LCCN2011635063.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7598" data-file-height="5839" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Treasury_Building_(Washington,_D.C.)" title="Treasury Building (Washington, D.C.)">Treasury Building</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef">Agency overview</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Formed</th><td class="infobox-data">September 2, 1789<span class="noprint">; 235 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1789-09-02</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Preceding agency</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li style="text-indent: -1em; padding-left: 1em;">Board of Treasury</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/United_States_federal_executive_departments" title="United States federal executive departments">Executive department</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Jurisdiction</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Federal_government_of_the_United_States" title="Federal government of the United States">U.S. federal government</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Treasury_Building_(Washington,_D.C.)" title="Treasury Building (Washington, D.C.)">Treasury Building</a><br />1500 <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania_Avenue" title="Pennsylvania Avenue">Pennsylvania Avenue</a>, <a href="/wiki/Northwest,_Washington,_D.C." class="mw-redirect" title="Northwest, Washington, D.C.">NW</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a>, U.S<br /><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury&params=38_53_51.2_N_77_2_3.4_W_type:landmark_region:US-DC"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">38°53′51.2″N</span> <span class="longitude">77°2′3.4″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">38.897556°N 77.034278°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">38.897556; -77.034278</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Employees</th><td class="infobox-data">87,336 (2019)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Annual budget</th><td class="infobox-data">$20.2 billion (2024)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Agency executives</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li style="text-indent: -1em; padding-left: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Scott_Bessent" title="Scott Bessent">Scott Bessent</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Treasury" title="United States Secretary of the Treasury">Secretary</a></li><li style="text-indent: -1em; padding-left: 1em;">Dan Katz, Acting <a href="/wiki/United_States_Deputy_Secretary_of_the_Treasury" title="United States Deputy Secretary of the Treasury">Deputy Secretary</a></li><li style="text-indent: -1em; padding-left: 1em;">Patricia Collins, Acting <a href="/wiki/Treasurer_of_the_United_States" title="Treasurer of the United States">Treasurer</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Child agencies</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li style="text-indent: -1em; padding-left: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Internal_Revenue_Service" title="Internal Revenue Service">Internal Revenue Service</a></li><li style="text-indent: -1em; padding-left: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Mint" title="United States Mint">United States Mint</a></li><li style="text-indent: -1em; padding-left: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Engraving_and_Printing" title="Bureau of Engraving and Printing">Bureau of Engraving and Printing</a></li><li style="text-indent: -1em; padding-left: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Category:United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury_agencies" title="Category:United States Department of the Treasury agencies">Several others</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://home.treasury.gov/">treasury.gov</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Department of the Treasury</b> (<b>USDT</b>)<sup id="cite_ref-isbn0313245789-pp275_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-isbn0313245789-pp275-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is the <a href="/wiki/Treasury" title="Treasury">national treasury</a> and finance department of the <a href="/wiki/Federal_government_of_the_United_States" title="Federal government of the United States">federal government of the United States</a>, where it serves as an <a href="/wiki/United_States_federal_executive_departments" title="United States federal executive departments">executive department</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The department oversees the <a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Engraving_and_Printing" title="Bureau of Engraving and Printing">Bureau of Engraving and Printing</a> and the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Mint" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Mint">U.S. Mint</a>. These two agencies are responsible for printing all <a href="/wiki/Paper_currency" class="mw-redirect" title="Paper currency">paper currency</a> and minting <a href="/wiki/United_States_coinage" class="mw-redirect" title="United States coinage">coins</a>, while the treasury executes <a href="/wiki/Circulation_(currency)" class="mw-redirect" title="Circulation (currency)">currency circulation</a> in the domestic fiscal system. It <a href="/wiki/Tax_collector" title="Tax collector">collects</a> all <a href="/wiki/Taxation_in_the_United_States" title="Taxation in the United States">federal taxes</a> through the <a href="/wiki/Internal_Revenue_Service" title="Internal Revenue Service">Internal Revenue Service</a>; manages <a href="/wiki/United_States_Treasury_security" title="United States Treasury security">U.S. government debt instruments</a>; <a href="/wiki/Bank_regulation#Licensing_and_supervision" class="mw-redirect" title="Bank regulation">licenses and supervises banks</a> and <a href="/wiki/Savings_and_loan_association" title="Savings and loan association">thrift institutions</a>; and advises the <a href="/wiki/Federal_government_of_the_United_States#Legislative_branch" title="Federal government of the United States">legislative</a> and <a href="/wiki/Federal_government_of_the_United_States#Executive_branch" title="Federal government of the United States">executive branches</a> on matters of <a href="/wiki/Fiscal_policy" title="Fiscal policy">fiscal policy</a>. The department is administered by the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Treasury" title="United States Secretary of the Treasury">secretary of the treasury</a>, who is a member of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Cabinet" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Cabinet">Cabinet</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Treasurer_of_the_United_States" title="Treasurer of the United States">treasurer of the United States</a> has limited statutory duties, but advises the Secretary on various matters such as coinage and currency production.<sup id="cite_ref-ustreasurydepttreasurer2018_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ustreasurydepttreasurer2018-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Signatures of both officials appear on all <a href="/wiki/Federal_Reserve_note" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal Reserve note">Federal Reserve notes</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-crutsinger2017_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-crutsinger2017-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The department was established by an <a href="/wiki/Act_of_Congress" title="Act of Congress">Act of Congress</a> in 1789 to manage government <a href="/wiki/Revenue" title="Revenue">revenue</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Act-to-establish_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Act-to-establish-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first secretary of the treasury was <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Hamilton" title="Alexander Hamilton">Alexander Hamilton</a>, who was sworn into office on September 11, 1789.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hamilton was appointed by President <a href="/wiki/George_Washington" title="George Washington">George Washington</a> on the recommendation of <a href="/wiki/Robert_Morris_(financier)" title="Robert Morris (financier)">Robert Morris</a>, Washington's first choice for the position, who had declined the appointment.<sup id="cite_ref-adams2018_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-adams2018-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hamilton established the nation's early financial system and for several years was a major presence in <a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_George_Washington" title="Presidency of George Washington">Washington's administration</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-wolffscanlan2006_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wolffscanlan2006-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The department is customarily referred to as "Treasury", solely, without any <a href="/wiki/Article_(grammar)" title="Article (grammar)">preceding article</a> – a transitional remnant from <a href="/wiki/British_English" title="British English">British</a> to <a href="/wiki/American_English" title="American English">American English</a>. Hamilton's portrait appears on the <a href="/wiki/Obverse_and_reverse" title="Obverse and reverse">obverse</a> of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_ten-dollar_bill" title="United States ten-dollar bill">ten-dollar bill</a>, while the <a href="/wiki/Treasury_Building_(Washington,_D.C.)" title="Treasury Building (Washington, D.C.)">Treasury Building</a> in Washington, D.C. is depicted on the <a href="/wiki/Obverse_and_reverse" title="Obverse and reverse">reverse</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-uscep2018$10_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-uscep2018$10-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Revolutionary_period">Revolutionary period</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Revolutionary period"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The history of the Department of the Treasury began in the turmoil of the <a href="/wiki/American_Revolution" title="American Revolution">American Revolution</a>, when the <a href="/wiki/Continental_Congress" title="Continental Congress">Continental Congress</a> at <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia" title="Philadelphia">Philadelphia</a> deliberated the crucial issue of financing a war of independence against <a href="/wiki/Great_Britain" title="Great Britain">Great Britain</a>. The Congress had no power to <a href="/wiki/Tax_levies" class="mw-redirect" title="Tax levies">levy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tax_collector" title="Tax collector">collect</a> taxes, nor was there a tangible basis for securing funds from foreign investors or governments. The delegates resolved to issue paper money in the form of <a href="/wiki/Bills_of_credit" title="Bills of credit">bills of credit</a>, promising <a href="/wiki/Fiat_money" title="Fiat money">redemption</a> in <a href="/wiki/Coin" title="Coin">coin</a> on faith in the revolutionary cause. On June 22, 1775, only a few days after the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bunker_Hill" title="Battle of Bunker Hill">Battle of Bunker Hill</a>, the Continental Congress issued $2 million in bills; on July 25, 28 citizens of Philadelphia were employed by Congress to sign and number the currency. </p><p>On July 29, 1775, the <a href="/wiki/Second_Continental_Congress" title="Second Continental Congress">Second Continental Congress</a> assigned the responsibility for the administration of the revolutionary government's finances to joint Continental treasurers <a href="/wiki/George_Clymer" title="George Clymer">George Clymer</a> and <a href="/wiki/Michael_Hillegas" title="Michael Hillegas">Michael Hillegas</a>. Congress stipulated that each of the colonies contribute to the Continental government's funds. To ensure proper and efficient handling of the growing <a href="/wiki/National_debt" class="mw-redirect" title="National debt">national debt</a> in the face of weak economic and political ties between the colonies, the Congress, on February 17, 1776, designated a committee of five to superintend the treasury, <a href="/wiki/Settlement_(finance)" title="Settlement (finance)">settle accounts</a>, and report periodically to the Congress. On April 1, a Treasury Office of Accounts, consisting of an auditor general and <a href="/wiki/Clerk" title="Clerk">clerks</a>, was established to facilitate the settlement of claims and to keep the public accounts for the government of the United Colonies. With the signing of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Declaration_of_Independence" title="United States Declaration of Independence">Declaration of Independence</a> on July 4, 1776, the newborn republic as a <a href="/wiki/Sovereign_nation" class="mw-redirect" title="Sovereign nation">sovereign nation</a> was able to secure loans from abroad.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Despite the infusion of foreign and domestic loans, the <a href="/wiki/Thirteen_Colonies" title="Thirteen Colonies">united colonies</a> were unable to establish a well-organized agency for financial administration. Michael Hillegas was first called Treasurer of the United States on May 14, 1777. The Treasury Office was reorganized three times between 1778 and 1781. The $241.5 million in paper Continental bills <a href="/wiki/Devaluation" title="Devaluation">devalued</a> rapidly. By May 1781, the dollar <a href="/wiki/Hyperinflation" title="Hyperinflation">collapsed</a> at a rate of from 500 to 1000 to 1 against <a href="/wiki/Hard_currency" title="Hard currency">hard currency</a>. Protests against the worthless money swept the colonies, giving rise to the expression "<a href="/wiki/Early_American_currency#Continental_currency" title="Early American currency">not worth a Continental</a>". The office has, since the late 18th century, been <a href="/wiki/British_English" title="British English">customarily referred</a> to as the singular "Treasury", without any <a href="/wiki/Article_(grammar)" title="Article (grammar)">preceding article</a>, as a remnant of the country's transition from <a href="/wiki/British_English" title="British English">British</a> to <a href="/wiki/American_English" title="American English">American English</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For example, the department notes its guiding purpose as "Treasury's mission" instead of "the Treasury's mission."<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Robert_Morris_(financier)" title="Robert Morris (financier)">Robert Morris</a> was designated Superintendent of Finance in 1781 and restored stability to the nation's finances. Morris, a wealthy colonial <a href="/wiki/Merchant" title="Merchant">merchant</a>, was nicknamed "the financier" because of his reputation for procuring funds or goods on a moment's notice. His staff included a <a href="/wiki/Comptroller" title="Comptroller">comptroller</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Treasurer" title="Treasurer">treasurer</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Register_of_the_Treasury" title="Register of the Treasury">register</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Auditor" title="Auditor">auditors</a>, who managed the country's finances through 1784, when Morris resigned because of ill health. The treasury board, consisting of three commissioners, continued to oversee the finances of the confederation of former colonies until September 1789. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Creation_of_the_Treasury">Creation of the Treasury</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Creation of the Treasury"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury_(1789-1968).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/71/Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury_%281789-1968%29.png" decoding="async" width="208" height="205" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="208" data-file-height="205" /></a><figcaption>Original seal, dating from before 1968</figcaption></figure><p> The <a href="/wiki/1st_United_States_Congress" title="1st United States Congress">First United States Congress</a> convened in <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a> on March 4, 1789, marking the beginning of government under the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_United_States" title="Constitution of the United States">U.S. Constitution</a>. On September 2, 1789, Congress created a permanent institution for the management of government finances:</p><blockquote><p>Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That there shall be a Department of Treasury, in which shall be the following officers, namely: a Secretary of the Treasury, to be deemed head of the department; a Comptroller, an Auditor, a Treasurer, a Register, and an <a href="/wiki/United_States_Assistant_Secretary_of_the_Treasury" title="United States Assistant Secretary of the Treasury">Assistant to the Secretary of the Treasury</a>, which assistant shall be appointed by the said Secretary.<sup id="cite_ref-Act-to-establish_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Act-to-establish-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote><p><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Hamilton" title="Alexander Hamilton">Alexander Hamilton</a> took the oath of office as the first <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Treasury" title="United States Secretary of the Treasury">secretary of the treasury</a> on September 11, 1789. Hamilton had served as <a href="/wiki/George_Washington" title="George Washington">George Washington</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Aide-de-camp" title="Aide-de-camp">aide-de-camp</a></i> during the <a href="/wiki/American_Revolutionary_War" title="American Revolutionary War">American Revolutionary War</a> and was influential in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Constitution#1788_ratification" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Constitution">ratification</a> of the Constitution. Hamilton's <a href="/wiki/Business_acumen" title="Business acumen">financial and managerial acumen</a> made him a logical choice for addressing the problem of the new nation's heavy <a href="/wiki/War_debt" class="mw-redirect" title="War debt">war debt</a>. His first official act as secretary was to submit a report to Congress in which he laid the foundation for the nation's financial health. </p><p>To the surprise of many legislators, he insisted upon <a href="/wiki/Debt_Assumption" class="mw-redirect" title="Debt Assumption">federal assumption</a> and dollar-for-dollar repayment of the country's $75 million debt in order to revitalize the <a href="/wiki/Public_credit" class="mw-redirect" title="Public credit">public credit</a>: "[T]he debt of the United States was the price of liberty. The faith of America has been repeatedly pledged for it, and with solemnities that give peculiar force to the obligation."<sup id="cite_ref-syrett1962vol6_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-syrett1962vol6-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hamilton foresaw the development of industry and trade in the United States, suggesting that government revenues be based upon <a href="/wiki/Customs_duties" class="mw-redirect" title="Customs duties">customs duties</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-syrett1962vol6_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-syrett1962vol6-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His sound <a href="/wiki/Fiscal_policy" title="Fiscal policy">financial policies</a> also inspired investment in the <a href="/wiki/First_Bank_of_the_United_States" title="First Bank of the United States">Bank of the United States</a>, which acted as the government's <a href="/wiki/Fiscal_agent" title="Fiscal agent">fiscal agent</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2018)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The Department of Treasury believes their seal was created by <a href="/wiki/Francis_Hopkinson#Great_Seal_of_the_United_States" title="Francis Hopkinson">Francis Hopkinson</a>, the treasurer of loans. He submitted bills to Congress in 1780 that authorized the design of department seals, including a seal for the Board of Treasury. While it is not certain that Hopkinson designed the seal, it closely resembles others he created.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1860s">1860s</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: 1860s"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1861, Sophia Holmes became the first Black woman to be employed by the Treasury Department and by the <a href="/wiki/Federal_government_of_the_United_States" title="Federal government of the United States">Federal government of the United States</a> when <a href="/wiki/Henry_Wilson" title="Henry Wilson">Senator Henry Wilson</a>, <a href="/wiki/James_G._Blaine" title="James G. Blaine">James G. Blaine</a> and others advocated for her hiring as a janitor under Secretary of the Treasury <a href="/wiki/Francis_E._Spinner" title="Francis E. Spinner">Francis Spinner</a>. She was paid fifteen dollars per month. In 1862, she prevented a major theft from the department of more than $200,000 when she came across a box filled with U.S. currency, including a number of thousand-dollar bills, and reported it to Secretary Spinner. U.S. President <a href="/wiki/Abraham_Lincoln" title="Abraham Lincoln">Abraham Lincoln</a> subsequently honored her with a commendation for her actions, and the federal government rewarded her with an appointment for life as a messenger with its Department of Issues.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another early woman hired by the Department was <a href="/wiki/Jennie_Douglas" title="Jennie Douglas">Jennie Douglas</a> in 1862.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Also recruited by Spinner, Douglas is sometimes attributed to having been the first woman to have held an appointed position in the Federal government.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2003_reorganization">2003 reorganization</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: 2003 reorganization"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Treasury_departement.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Treasury_departement.jpg/220px-Treasury_departement.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Treasury_departement.jpg/330px-Treasury_departement.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Treasury_departement.jpg/440px-Treasury_departement.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="667" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Treasury_Building_(Washington,_D.C.)" title="Treasury Building (Washington, D.C.)">Treasury Building</a> at 1500 <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania_Avenue" title="Pennsylvania Avenue">Pennsylvania Avenue</a>, <a href="/wiki/Northwest,_Washington,_D.C." class="mw-redirect" title="Northwest, Washington, D.C.">NW</a> in <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">U.S. Congress</a> transferred several agencies that had previously been under the aegis of the Treasury Department to other departments as a consequence of the <a href="/wiki/September_11_attacks" title="September 11 attacks">September 11 attacks</a>. Effective January 24, 2003, the <a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Alcohol,_Tobacco_and_Firearms" class="mw-redirect" title="Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms">Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms</a> (ATF), which had been a bureau of the department since 1972, was extensively reorganized under the provisions of the <a href="/wiki/Homeland_Security_Act" class="mw-redirect" title="Homeland Security Act">Homeland Security Act of 2002</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement_agency" title="Law enforcement agency">law enforcement</a> functions of ATF, including the regulation of legitimate traffic in <a href="/wiki/Firearms" class="mw-redirect" title="Firearms">firearms</a> and <a href="/wiki/Explosives" class="mw-redirect" title="Explosives">explosives</a>, were transferred to the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Justice" title="United States Department of Justice">Department of Justice</a> as the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives (BATFE).<sup id="cite_ref-Washington_Post_2003_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Washington_Post_2003-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The regulatory and tax collection functions of ATF related to legitimate traffic in alcohol and tobacco remained with the treasury at its new <a href="/wiki/Alcohol_and_Tobacco_Tax_and_Trade_Bureau" title="Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau">Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau</a> (TTB).<sup id="cite_ref-TTBGov_2015_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TTBGov_2015-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Effective March 1, 2003, the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Law_Enforcement_Training_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal Law Enforcement Training Center">Federal Law Enforcement Training Center</a>, the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Customs_Service" title="United States Customs Service">United States Customs Service</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secret_Service" title="United States Secret Service">United States Secret Service</a> were transferred to the newly created <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Homeland_Security" title="United States Department of Homeland Security">Department of Homeland Security ("DHS")</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2020_data_breach">2020 data breach</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: 2020 data breach"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2020, the Treasury <a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_Treasury_and_Department_of_Commerce_data_breach" class="mw-redirect" title="2020 United States Treasury and Department of Commerce data breach">suffered a data breach</a> following a <a href="/wiki/Cyberattack" title="Cyberattack">cyberattack</a> likely conducted by a <a href="/wiki/Advanced_persistent_threat" title="Advanced persistent threat">nation state adversary</a>, possibly Russia.<sup id="cite_ref-wapo_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wapo-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-reuters_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-reuters-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was in fact the first detected case of the much wider <a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_federal_government_data_breach" title="2020 United States federal government data breach">2020 United States federal government data breach</a>, which involved at least eight federal departments.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Responsibilities">Responsibilities</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Responsibilities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Treasury_department_official_1907.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Treasury_department_official_1907.jpg/220px-Treasury_department_official_1907.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="280" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Treasury_department_official_1907.jpg/330px-Treasury_department_official_1907.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Treasury_department_official_1907.jpg/440px-Treasury_department_official_1907.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="1398" /></a><figcaption>A Treasury Department official surrounded by packages of newly minted currency, counting and wrapping dollar bills in <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a> in 1907</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Organization_of_US_Dept_of_the_Treasury.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Organization_of_US_Dept_of_the_Treasury.jpg/220px-Organization_of_US_Dept_of_the_Treasury.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="139" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Organization_of_US_Dept_of_the_Treasury.jpg/330px-Organization_of_US_Dept_of_the_Treasury.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Organization_of_US_Dept_of_the_Treasury.jpg/440px-Organization_of_US_Dept_of_the_Treasury.jpg 2x" data-file-width="765" data-file-height="484" /></a><figcaption>The organizational structure of the U.S. Department of the Treasury</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Treasury_Annex.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Treasury_Annex.JPG/220px-Treasury_Annex.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Treasury_Annex.JPG/330px-Treasury_Annex.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Treasury_Annex.JPG/440px-Treasury_Annex.JPG 2x" data-file-width="828" data-file-height="570" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Office_of_Foreign_Assets_Control" title="Office of Foreign Assets Control">Office of Foreign Assets Control</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Treasury_Library" title="Treasury Library">Treasury Library</a>, and the main branch of the <a href="/wiki/Treasury_Department_Federal_Credit_Union" title="Treasury Department Federal Credit Union">Treasury Department Federal Credit Union</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Freedman%27s_Bank_Building" title="Freedman's Bank Building">Freedman's Bank Building</a> in Washington, D.C.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Basic_functions">Basic functions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Basic functions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The basic functions of the Department of the Treasury include:<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Producing all currency and coinage of the U.S.;</li> <li>Collecting <a href="/wiki/Tax,_tariff_and_trade" class="mw-redirect" title="Tax, tariff and trade">taxes, duties</a> and money paid to and due to the U.S.;</li> <li>Paying all bills of the U.S.;</li> <li>Managing the federal finances;</li> <li>Managing government accounts (including the <a href="/wiki/Treasury_General_Account" title="Treasury General Account">Treasury General Account</a>) and the <a href="/wiki/United_States_public_debt" class="mw-redirect" title="United States public debt">United States public debt</a>;</li> <li>Supervising national banks and <a href="/wiki/Cooperative_banking" title="Cooperative banking">thrift institutions</a>;</li> <li>Advising on domestic and international financial, <a href="/wiki/Monetary_policy" title="Monetary policy">monetary</a>, <a href="/wiki/Economic_policy" title="Economic policy">economic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Industrial_policy" title="Industrial policy">trade and tax policy</a> (<a href="/wiki/Fiscal_policy" title="Fiscal policy">fiscal policy</a> being the sum of these);</li> <li>Enforcing federal finance and tax laws;</li> <li>Investigating and prosecuting <a href="/wiki/Tax_evasion" title="Tax evasion">tax evaders</a>;</li> <li>Publishing statistical reports.</li></ul> <p>With respect to the estimation of revenues for the <a href="/wiki/Executive_(government)" title="Executive (government)">executive branch</a>, Treasury serves a purpose parallel to that of the <a href="/wiki/Office_of_Management_and_Budget" title="Office of Management and Budget">Office of Management and Budget</a> for the estimation of spending for the executive branch, the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress_Joint_Committee_on_Taxation" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Congress Joint Committee on Taxation">Joint Committee on Taxation</a> for the estimation of revenues for Congress, and the <a href="/wiki/Congressional_Budget_Office" title="Congressional Budget Office">Congressional Budget Office</a> for the estimation of spending for Congress. </p><p>From 1830 until 1901, responsibility for overseeing <a href="/wiki/Weights_and_measures" class="mw-redirect" title="Weights and measures">weights and measures</a> was carried out by the Office of Standard Weights and Measures under the auspices of the Treasury Department.<sup id="cite_ref-archives_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-archives-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After 1901, that responsibility was assigned to the agency that subsequently became known as the <a href="/wiki/National_Institute_of_Standards_and_Technology" title="National Institute of Standards and Technology">National Institute of Standards and Technology</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Organization">Organization</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Organization"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Department of the Treasury is organized into two major components: the departmental offices and the operating bureaus. The departmental offices are primarily responsible for the formulation of policy and management of the department as a whole, while the operating bureaus carry out the specific operations assigned to the department. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Structure">Structure</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Structure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_on_United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury_on_the_Building.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Seal_on_United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury_on_the_Building.JPG/220px-Seal_on_United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury_on_the_Building.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Seal_on_United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury_on_the_Building.JPG/330px-Seal_on_United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury_on_the_Building.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Seal_on_United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury_on_the_Building.JPG/440px-Seal_on_United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury_on_the_Building.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Seal on United States Department of the Treasury on the Building</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_the_Treasury" class="mw-redirect" title="Secretary of the Treasury">Secretary of the Treasury</a><sup id="cite_ref-101-05_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101-05-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Deputy_Secretary_of_the_Treasury" title="United States Deputy Secretary of the Treasury">Deputy Secretary of the Treasury</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Treasurer_of_the_United_States" title="Treasurer of the United States">Treasurer of the United States</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Engraving_and_Printing" title="Bureau of Engraving and Printing">Bureau of Engraving and Printing</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Engraving_and_Printing#BEP_Police" title="Bureau of Engraving and Printing">Bureau of Engraving and Printing Police</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Mint" title="United States Mint">United States Mint</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Mint_Police" title="United States Mint Police">United States Mint Police</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Under_Secretary_of_the_Treasury_for_Domestic_Finance" title="Under Secretary of the Treasury for Domestic Finance">Under Secretary for Domestic Finance</a><sup id="cite_ref-DF_org_chart_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DF_org_chart-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Assistant_Secretary_of_the_Treasury_for_Financial_Institutions" title="Assistant Secretary of the Treasury for Financial Institutions">Assistant Secretary for Financial Institutions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Financial_Institutions" title="Office of Financial Institutions">Office of Financial Institutions</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assistant_Secretary_for_Financial_Markets" class="mw-redirect" title="Assistant Secretary for Financial Markets">Assistant Secretary for Financial Markets</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Financial_Markets_(U.S.)" title="Office of Financial Markets (U.S.)">Office of Financial Markets</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiscal_Assistant_Secretary" class="mw-redirect" title="Fiscal Assistant Secretary">Fiscal Assistant Secretary</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Fiscal_Service" title="Office of Fiscal Service">Office of Fiscal Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_the_Fiscal_Service" title="Bureau of the Fiscal Service">Bureau of the Fiscal Service</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Under_Secretary_of_the_Treasury_for_International_Affairs" title="Under Secretary of the Treasury for International Affairs">Under Secretary for International Affairs</a><sup id="cite_ref-International_Affairs_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-International_Affairs-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Assistant_Secretary_of_the_Treasury_for_International_Markets" title="Assistant Secretary of the Treasury for International Markets">Assistant Secretary for International Markets and Development</a></li> <li>Assistant Secretary for International Finance</li> <li>Assistant Secretary of the Treasury for Investment Security<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Office of Environment and Energy<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Under_Secretary_of_the_Treasury_for_Terrorism_and_Financial_Intelligence" title="Under Secretary of the Treasury for Terrorism and Financial Intelligence">Under Secretary for Terrorism and Financial Intelligence</a> (<a href="/wiki/Office_of_Terrorism_and_Financial_Intelligence" title="Office of Terrorism and Financial Intelligence">Office of Terrorism and Financial Intelligence</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-OTFI_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OTFI-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Assistant_Secretary_for_Terrorist_Financing" class="mw-redirect" title="Assistant Secretary for Terrorist Financing">Assistant Secretary for Terrorist Financing</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Terrorist_Financing_and_Financial_Crimes" title="Office of Terrorist Financing and Financial Crimes">Office of Terrorist Financing and Financial Crimes</a></li></ul></li> <li>Assistant Secretary for Intelligence and Analysis <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Intelligence_and_Analysis_(Treasury_Department)" title="Office of Intelligence and Analysis (Treasury Department)">Office of Intelligence and Analysis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Financial_Crimes_Enforcement_Network" title="Financial Crimes Enforcement Network">Financial Crimes Enforcement Network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Foreign_Assets_Control" title="Office of Foreign Assets Control">Office of Foreign Assets Control</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treasury_Executive_Office_for_Asset_Forfeiture" title="Treasury Executive Office for Asset Forfeiture">Treasury Executive Office for Asset Forfeiture</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assistant_Secretary_of_the_Treasury_for_Management" title="Assistant Secretary of the Treasury for Management">Assistant Secretary of the Treasury for Management</a> / Chief Financial Officer / Performance Improvement Officer <ul><li>Office of Small and Disadvantaged Business Utilization</li> <li>Office of Privacy, Transparency, and Records</li> <li>Chief Information Officer</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assistant_Secretary_of_the_Treasury_for_Economic_Policy" title="Assistant Secretary of the Treasury for Economic Policy">Assistant Secretary for Economic Policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assistant_Secretary_of_the_Treasury_for_Legislative_Affairs" title="Assistant Secretary of the Treasury for Legislative Affairs">Assistant Secretary for Legislative Affairs</a></li> <li>Assistant Secretary for Public Affairs</li> <li>Assistant Secretary for Tax Policy</li> <li>Climate Counselor<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commissioner_of_Internal_Revenue" title="Commissioner of Internal Revenue">Commissioner of Internal Revenue</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Internal_Revenue_Service" title="Internal Revenue Service">Internal Revenue Service</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_Comptroller_of_the_Currency" title="Office of the Comptroller of the Currency">Office of the Comptroller of the Currency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Financial_Research" title="Office of Financial Research">Office of Financial Research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_General_Counsel_for_the_Department_of_the_Treasury" title="Office of the General Counsel for the Department of the Treasury">Office of the General Counsel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.S._Department_of_the_Treasury,_Office_of_Inspector_General" title="U.S. Department of the Treasury, Office of Inspector General">Office of the Inspector General</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treasury_Inspector_General_for_Tax_Administration" title="Treasury Inspector General for Tax Administration">Treasury Inspector General for Tax Administration</a> (TIGTA)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://home.treasury.gov/policy-issues/coronavirus">Chief Recovery Officer</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bureaus">Bureaus</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Bureaus"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <td style="width: 150pt; background:grey;"><b>Bureau</b> </td> <td style="width: 400pt; background:grey;"><b>Description</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Alcohol_and_Tobacco_Tax_and_Trade_Bureau" title="Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau">Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau</a> (TTB)</td> <td>The Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau (TTB) is responsible for enforcing and administering laws covering the production, use, and distribution of alcohol and tobacco products. TTB also collects excise taxes for firearms and ammunition. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Engraving_and_Printing" title="Bureau of Engraving and Printing">Bureau of Engraving & Printing</a> (BEP)</td> <td>The Bureau of Engraving & Printing (BEP) designs and manufactures U.S. currency, securities, and other official certificates and awards. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_the_Fiscal_Service" title="Bureau of the Fiscal Service">Bureau of the Fiscal Service</a></td> <td>The Bureau of the Fiscal Service was formed from the consolidation of the Financial Management Service and the Bureau of the Public Debt. Its mission is to promote the financial integrity and operational efficiency of the U.S. government through exceptional accounting, financing, collections, payments, and shared services. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Community_Development_Financial_Institutions_Fund" title="Community Development Financial Institutions Fund">Community Development Financial Institution</a> (CDFI) Fund</td> <td>The Community Development Financial Institution (CDFI) Fund was created to expand the availability of credit, investment capital, and financial services in distressed urban and rural communities. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Financial_Crimes_Enforcement_Network" title="Financial Crimes Enforcement Network">Financial Crimes Enforcement Network</a> (FinCEN)</td> <td>The Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FinCEN) supports law enforcement investigative efforts and fosters interagency and global cooperation against domestic and international financial crimes. It also provides U.S. policymakers with strategic analyses of domestic and worldwide trends and patterns. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/U.S._Department_of_the_Treasury,_Office_of_Inspector_General" title="U.S. Department of the Treasury, Office of Inspector General">Inspector General</a></td> <td>The Inspector General conducts independent audits, investigations and reviews to help the Treasury Department accomplish its mission; improve its programs and operations; promote economy, efficiency and effectiveness; and prevent and detect fraud and abuse. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Treasury_Inspector_General_for_Tax_Administration" title="Treasury Inspector General for Tax Administration">Treasury Inspector General for Tax Administration (TIGTA)</a></td> <td>The Treasury Inspector General for Tax Administration (TIGTA) provides leadership and coordination and recommends policy for activities designed to promote economy, efficiency, and effectiveness in the administration of the internal revenue laws. TIGTA also recommends policies to prevent and detect fraud and abuse in the programs and operations of the IRS and related entities. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Internal_Revenue_Service" title="Internal Revenue Service">Internal Revenue Service</a></td> <td>The Internal Revenue Service (IRS) is the largest of Treasury's bureaus. It is responsible for determining, assessing, and collecting internal revenue in the United States. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_Comptroller_of_the_Currency" title="Office of the Comptroller of the Currency">Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC)</a></td> <td>The Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC) charters, regulates, and supervises national banks to ensure a safe, sound, and competitive banking system that supports the citizens, communities, and economy of the United States. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Mint" title="United States Mint">U.S. Mint</a></td> <td>The U.S. Mint designs and manufactures domestic, bullion and foreign coins as well as commemorative medals and other numismatic items. The Mint also distributes U.S. coins to the Federal Reserve banks as well as maintains physical custody and protection of the nation's silver and gold assets. </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Budget_and_staffing">Budget and staffing</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Budget and staffing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Treasury Department has authorized a budget for <a href="/wiki/2024_United_States_federal_budget" title="2024 United States federal budget">Fiscal Year 2024</a> of $16.5 billion. The budget authorization is broken down as follows:<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Program </th> <th>Funding (in millions) </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center; background:grey;"><b>Management and Finance</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Department Administration </td> <td>$273 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Office of the Inspector General </td> <td>$49 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Inspector General for Tax Administration </td> <td>$174 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Special Inspector General for TARP (Troubled Asset Relief Program) </td> <td>$9 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Community Development Financial Institutions Fund </td> <td>$324 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Financial Crimes Enforcement Network </td> <td>$190 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau </td> <td>$149 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Bureau of the Fiscal Services </td> <td>$373 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Other </td> <td>$339 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center; background:grey;"><b>Tax Administration</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Internal Revenue Service </td> <td>$12,319 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center; background:grey;"><b>International Programs</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td>International Programs </td> <td>$2,364 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2">Other </th></tr> <tr> <td>Other </td> <td>$293 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>TOTAL</b> </td> <td><b>$16,517</b> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Freedom_of_Information_Act_processing_performance">Freedom of Information Act processing performance</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Freedom of Information Act processing performance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the latest <a href="/wiki/Center_for_Effective_Government" title="Center for Effective Government">Center for Effective Government</a> analysis of the fifteen federal agencies that receive the most <a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_Information_Act_(United_States)" title="Freedom of Information Act (United States)">Freedom of Information Act</a> FOIA requests, published in 2015 (using 2012 and 2013 data, the most recent years available), the treasury failed to earn a satisfactory overall grade.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span 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.citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.congress.gov/bill/118th-congress/house-bill/2882/text">"H.R.2882 - Further Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2024"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=H.R.2882+-+Further+Consolidated+Appropriations+Act%2C+2024&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.congress.gov%2Fbill%2F118th-congress%2Fhouse-bill%2F2882%2Ftext&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Department+of+the+Treasury" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-isbn0313245789-pp275-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-isbn0313245789-pp275_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDonald_A._Torres1985" class="citation book cs1">Donald A. 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Gannett Satellite Information Network, LLC. The Associated Press. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180507004727/https://www.usatoday.com/story/money/economy/2017/11/15/new-money-mnuchin-and-carranza-signatures-now-dollar-bill/867032001/">Archived</a> from the original on May 7, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 27,</span> 2020</span>. <q>Treasury's mission highlights its role as the steward of U.S. economic and financial systems, and as an influential participant in the world economy.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=home.treasury.gov&rft.atitle=Role+of+the+Treasury+%7C+U.S.+Department+of+the+Treasury&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhome.treasury.gov%2Fabout%2Fgeneral-information%2Frole-of-the-treasury&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Department+of+the+Treasury" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171019033202/http://legisworks.org/sal/1/stats/STATUTE-1-Pg65.pdf">"Chapter 12, 1 Statue. 65"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. 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</div> <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://home.treasury.gov/">Official website</a></span></span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q648666#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usaspending.gov/agency/department-of-the-treasury">Department of the Treasury</a> on <a href="/wiki/USAspending.gov" title="USAspending.gov">USAspending.gov</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/treasury-department">Department of the Treasury</a> in the <i><a href="/wiki/Federal_Register" title="Federal Register">Federal Register</a></i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.up2maps.net/maps/TSoprano/World/major_foreign_holders_of_treasury_securities.html">Map of Major Foreign Holders Of Treasury Securities 2009</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fraser.stlouisfed.org/title/194">Annual Reports of the Secretary of the Treasury on the State of Finances</a> – These annual reports also contain the reports of the many departments of the Treasury, including the Bureau of the Mint, Bureau of Engraving and Printing, Bureau of Customs, Office of the Comptroller of the Currency, Secret Service, and the Internal Revenue Service.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/19961226124309/http://www.treas.gov/">United States Department of the Treasury</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> (archived December 26, 1996)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fraser.stlouisfed.org/title/1121">Act to establish the Treasury Department. 1st Congress, 1st Session, Ch. 12, 1 Stat. 65</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline 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Bank Building</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Scott_Bessent" title="Scott Bessent">Scott Bessent</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Treasury" title="United States Secretary of the Treasury">Secretary of the Treasury</a></li> <li>Dan Katz, Acting <a href="/wiki/United_States_Deputy_Secretary_of_the_Treasury" title="United States Deputy Secretary of the Treasury">Deputy Secretary of the Treasury</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Deputy_Secretary_of_the_Treasury" title="United States Deputy Secretary of the Treasury">Deputy Secretary<br />of the Treasury</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alcohol_and_Tobacco_Tax_and_Trade_Bureau" title="Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau">Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Community_Development_Financial_Institutions_Fund" title="Community Development Financial Institutions Fund">Community Development Financial Institutions Fund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internal_Revenue_Service" title="Internal Revenue Service">Internal Revenue Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treasury_Inspector_General_for_Tax_Administration" title="Treasury Inspector General for Tax Administration">Treasury Inspector General for Tax Administration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.S._Department_of_the_Treasury,_Office_of_Inspector_General" title="U.S. Department of the Treasury, Office of Inspector General">Office of Inspector General</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_Comptroller_of_the_Currency" title="Office of the Comptroller of the Currency">Office of the Comptroller of the Currency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Tax_Policy" title="Office of Tax Policy">Office of Tax Policy</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury.svg/150px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury.svg/225px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury.svg/300px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="246" data-file-height="246" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Under_Secretary_of_the_Treasury_for_International_Affairs" title="Under Secretary of the Treasury for International Affairs">Under Secretary<br />of the Treasury<br />for International Affairs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Office of East Asia</li> <li>Office of South and Southeast Asia Nations</li> <li>Office of Europe & Eurasia</li> <li>Office of the Western Hemisphere</li> <li>Office of International Monetary Policy</li> <li>Office of Banking and Securities</li> <li>Office of International Debt Policy</li> <li>Office of Development Policy</li> <li>Office of Financing Operations</li> <li>Office of African Nations</li> <li>Office of the Middle East and North Africa</li> <li>Office of International Trade</li> <li>Office of International Investment</li> <li>Office of Trade Finance</li> <li>Office of Technical Assistance</li> <li>Office of Risk and Research Analysis</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exchange_Stabilization_Fund" title="Exchange Stabilization Fund">Exchange Stabilization Fund</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Under_Secretary_of_the_Treasury_for_Domestic_Finance" title="Under Secretary of the Treasury for Domestic Finance">Under Secretary of<br />the Treasury for<br />Domestic Finance</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Advanced Counterfeit Deterrence</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Financing_Bank" title="Federal Financing Bank">Federal Financing Bank</a></li> <li>Office of Debt Management</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Financial_Institutions" title="Office of Financial Institutions">Office of Financial Institutions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Financial_Markets_(U.S.)" title="Office of Financial Markets (U.S.)">Office of Financial Markets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Financial_Stability" class="mw-redirect" title="Office of Financial Stability">Office of Financial Stability</a></li> <li><a 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Crimes">Office of Terrorist Financing and Financial Crimes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Intelligence_and_Analysis_(Treasury_Department)" title="Office of Intelligence and Analysis (Treasury Department)">Office of Intelligence and Analysis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Foreign_Assets_Control" title="Office of Foreign Assets Control">Office of Foreign Assets Control</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Financial_Crimes_Enforcement_Network" title="Financial Crimes Enforcement Network">Financial Crimes Enforcement Network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treasury_Executive_Office_for_Asset_Forfeiture" title="Treasury Executive Office for Asset Forfeiture">Treasury Executive Office for Asset Forfeiture</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Treasurer_of_the_United_States" title="Treasurer of the United States">Treasurer of the United States</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Engraving_and_Printing" title="Bureau of Engraving and Printing">Bureau of Engraving and Printing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Mint" title="United States Mint">United States Mint</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Federal_executive_departments_of_the_United_States_of_America122" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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departments of the United States of America</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Agriculture" title="United States Department of Agriculture">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Commerce" title="United States Department of Commerce">Commerce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Defense" title="United States Department of Defense">Defense</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Education" title="United States Department of Education">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Energy" title="United States Department of Energy">Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Health_and_Human_Services" title="United States Department of Health and Human Services">Health and Human Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Homeland_Security" title="United States Department of Homeland Security">Homeland Security</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Housing_and_Urban_Development" title="United States Department of Housing and Urban Development">Housing and Urban Development</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_the_Interior" title="United States Department of the Interior">Interior</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Justice" title="United States Department of Justice">Justice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Labor" title="United States Department of Labor">Labor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_State" title="United States Department of State">State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Transportation" title="United States Department of Transportation">Transportation</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Treasury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Veterans_Affairs" title="United States Department of Veterans Affairs">Veterans Affairs</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_the_Air_Force" title="United States Department of the Air Force">Air Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_the_Army" title="United States Department of the Army">Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Commerce_and_Labor" title="United States Department of Commerce and Labor">Commerce and Labor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Health,_Education,_and_Welfare" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Department of Health, Education, and Welfare">Health, Education, and Welfare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_the_Navy" title="United States Department of the Navy">Navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Post_Office_Department" title="United States Post Office Department">Post Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_War" title="United States Department of War">War</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Monetary_policy_and_central_banking_in_the_United_States_(pre–1913)505" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Money_and_central_banking_within_the_contemporary_United_States_(pre%E2%80%931913)" title="Template:Money and central banking within the contemporary United States (pre–1913)"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Money_and_central_banking_within_the_contemporary_United_States_(pre%E2%80%931913)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Money and central banking within the contemporary United States (pre–1913) (page does not exist)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Money_and_central_banking_within_the_contemporary_United_States_(pre%E2%80%931913)" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Money and central banking within the contemporary United States (pre–1913)"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Monetary_policy_and_central_banking_in_the_United_States_(pre–1913)505" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/History_of_monetary_policy_in_the_United_States" title="History of monetary policy in the United States">Monetary policy</a> and <a href="/wiki/History_of_central_banking_in_the_United_States" title="History of central banking in the United States">central banking in the United States</a> (<a href="/wiki/Federal_Reserve_Act" title="Federal Reserve Act">pre–1913</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Monetary_policy_of_the_United_States" title="Monetary policy of the United States">Monetary policy of the United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Commercial_Revolution" class="mw-redirect" title="Commercial Revolution">Commercial Revolution</a><br />(1607–1760)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bills_of_credit" title="Bills of credit">Bills of credit</a> (c. 1690–1750)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tobacco_Inspection_Act" title="Tobacco Inspection Act">Tobacco Inspection Act</a> (1730)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maryland_Tobacco_Inspection_Act_of_1747" title="Maryland Tobacco Inspection Act of 1747">Maryland Tobacco Inspection Act of 1747</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Currency_Act" title="Currency Act">Currency Acts</a> (1751; 1764)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Industrial_Revolution" title="Industrial Revolution">1st Industrial Revolution</a><br />(1760–1840)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Second_Continental_Congress" title="Second Continental Congress">Second Continental Congress</a> (1776–1780)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banknotes_of_the_United_States_dollar" title="Banknotes of the United States dollar">U.S. dollar banknotes</a> (1775–)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Continental_currency_banknotes" title="Continental currency banknotes">Continental currency banknotes</a> (1775–1779)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bank_of_Pennsylvania" title="Bank of Pennsylvania">Bank of Pennsylvania</a> (1780–1781)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superintendent_of_Finance_of_the_United_States" title="Superintendent of Finance of the United States">U.S. Finance Superintendent</a> (1781–1785)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bank_of_North_America" title="Bank of North America">Bank of North America</a> (1781–1791)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Article_One_of_the_United_States_Constitution" title="Article One of the United States Constitution">Article I of the U.S. Constitution</a> <ul><li>1787–1788; <a href="/wiki/Article_One_of_the_United_States_Constitution#Section_8:_Powers_of_Congress" title="Article One of the United States Constitution">Section VIII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Article_One_of_the_United_States_Constitution#Section_10:_Limits_on_the_States" title="Article One of the United States Constitution">Section X</a></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">U.S. Treasury Department</a> <ul><li>1789–1913; <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Treasury" title="United States Secretary of the Treasury">U.S. Treasury Secretary</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Treasury_security" title="United States Treasury security">U.S. Treasury security</a> (1789–present)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bank_Bill_of_1791" title="Bank Bill of 1791">Bank Bill of 1791</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Bank_of_the_United_States" title="First Bank of the United States">First Bank of the United States</a> (1791–1811)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coinage_Act_of_1792" title="Coinage Act of 1792">Coinage Act of 1792</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Mint" title="United States Mint">United States Mint</a> (1792–1873)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coins_of_the_United_States_dollar" title="Coins of the United States dollar">U.S. dollar coins</a> (1792–)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Half_dime" title="Half dime">Half dime</a> (1792–1873)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1792_half_disme" title="1792 half disme">1792 half disme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Half_cent_(United_States_coin)" title="Half cent (United States coin)">Half cent</a> (1793–1857)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Large_cent" title="Large cent">Large cent</a> (1793–1857)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treasury_Note_(19th_century)" title="Treasury Note (19th century)">Treasury Note</a> (1812–1913)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banking_in_the_Jacksonian_Era" title="Banking in the Jacksonian Era">Banking in the Jacksonian Era</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Second_Bank_of_the_United_States" title="Second Bank of the United States">Second Bank of the United States</a>, 1816–1836</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suffolk_Bank" title="Suffolk Bank">Suffolk Bank</a>, 1818–1858</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/McCulloch_v._Maryland" title="McCulloch v. Maryland">McCulloch v. Maryland</a></i>, 1819</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safety_Fund_System" title="Safety Fund System">New York Safety Fund System</a>, 1829–1842</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bank_War" title="Bank War">Bank War</a>, 1832–1836</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coinage_Act_of_1834" title="Coinage Act of 1834">Coinage Act of 1834</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_(1849%E2%80%931865)" title="History of the United States (1849–1865)">Civil War Era</a><br />(1840–1870)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Free_banking" title="Free banking">Free banking</a> (1836–1865)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildcat_banking" title="Wildcat banking">Wildcat banking</a> (1836–1865)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Forstall_System" title="The Forstall System">Forstall System</a> (1842–1865)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_Treasury" title="Independent Treasury">Independent U.S. Treasury</a> (1846–1913)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coinage_Act_of_1849" title="Coinage Act of 1849">Coinage Act of 1849</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three-cent_silver" title="Three-cent silver">Three-cent silver</a> (1851–1873)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coinage_Act_of_1853" title="Coinage Act of 1853">Coinage Act of 1853</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Clearing_House" title="The Clearing House">New York Clearing House Association</a> (1853–1863)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coinage_Act_of_1857" title="Coinage Act of 1857">Coinage Act of 1857</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demand_Note" title="Demand Note">Demand Note</a> (1861–1862)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legal_Tender_Cases" title="Legal Tender Cases">Legal Tender Act of 1862</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Note" title="United States Note">United States Note</a> (1862–1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fractional_currency" title="Fractional currency">Fractional currency</a> (1862–1876)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Bank_Act" title="National Bank Act">National Bank Acts</a> (1863; 1864)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interest_bearing_note" title="Interest bearing note">Interest bearing note</a> (1863–1865)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_central_banking_in_the_United_States" title="History of central banking in the United States">National banks system</a> (1863–1913)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Bank_Note" title="National Bank Note">National Bank Note</a> (1863–c. 1930)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gold_certificate_(United_States)" title="Gold certificate (United States)">Gold certificate</a> (1863–1933)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compound_interest_treasury_note" title="Compound interest treasury note">Compound interest treasury note</a> (1863–1864)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coinage_Act_of_1864" title="Coinage Act of 1864">Coinage Act of 1864</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Two-cent_piece_(United_States)" title="Two-cent piece (United States)">Two-cent piece</a> (1864–1873)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three-cent_nickel" title="Three-cent nickel">Three-cent nickel</a> (1865–1889)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contraction_Act_of_1866" title="Contraction Act of 1866">Contraction Act of 1866</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_Credit_Act_of_1869" title="Public Credit Act of 1869">Public Credit Act of 1869</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Second_Industrial_Revolution" title="Second Industrial Revolution">2nd Industrial Revolution</a><br />(1870–1914)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Legal_Tender_Cases" title="Legal Tender Cases">Legal Tender Cases</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hepburn_v._Griswold" title="Hepburn v. Griswold">Hepburn v. Griswold</a></i> (1870)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Currency_Act_of_1870" title="Currency Act of 1870">Currency Act of 1870</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Gold_Bank_Note" title="National Gold Bank Note">National Gold Bank Note</a> (1870–1875)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Knox_v._Lee" title="Knox v. Lee">Knox v. Lee</a></i> (1871)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coinage_Act_of_1873" title="Coinage Act of 1873">Coinage Act of 1873</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_silver" title="Free silver">Free silver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Specie_Payment_Resumption_Act" title="Specie Payment Resumption Act">Specie Payment Resumption Act</a> (1875)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twenty-cent_piece_(United_States_coin)" title="Twenty-cent piece (United States coin)">Twenty-cent piece</a> (1875–1878)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bland%E2%80%93Allison_Act" title="Bland–Allison Act">Bland–Allison Act</a> (1878)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silver_certificate_(United_States)" title="Silver certificate (United States)">Silver certificate</a> (1878–1964)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Refunding_Certificate" title="Refunding Certificate">Refunding Certificate</a> (1879–1907)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Juilliard_v._Greenman" title="Juilliard v. Greenman">Juilliard v. Greenman</a></i> (1884)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sherman_Silver_Purchase_Act" title="Sherman Silver Purchase Act">Sherman Silver Purchase Act</a> (1890)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treasury_Note_(1890%E2%80%931891)" title="Treasury Note (1890–1891)">Treasury Note</a> (1890–1891)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gold_Standard_Act" title="Gold Standard Act">Gold Standard Act</a> (1900)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aldrich%E2%80%93Vreeland_Act" title="Aldrich–Vreeland Act">Aldrich–Vreeland Act</a> (1908)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Monetary_Commission" title="National Monetary Commission">National Monetary Commission</a> (1909–1912)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Reserve_Act" title="Federal Reserve Act">Federal Reserve Act</a> (1913)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Patriot_Act530" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Patriot_Act" title="Template:Patriot Act"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Patriot_Act" title="Template talk:Patriot Act"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Patriot_Act" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Patriot Act"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Patriot_Act530" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Patriot_Act" title="Patriot Act">Patriot Act</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b>Titles</b> <a href="/wiki/Title_I_of_the_Patriot_Act" title="Title I of the Patriot Act">I</a> · <a href="/wiki/Title_II_of_the_Patriot_Act" title="Title II of the Patriot Act">II</a> · <a href="/wiki/Title_III_of_the_Patriot_Act" title="Title III of the Patriot Act">III</a> · <a href="/wiki/Title_IV_of_the_Patriot_Act" title="Title IV of the Patriot Act">IV</a> · <a href="/wiki/Title_V_of_the_Patriot_Act" title="Title V of the Patriot Act">V</a> · <a href="/wiki/Title_VI_of_the_Patriot_Act" title="Title VI of the Patriot Act">VI</a> · <a href="/wiki/Title_VII_of_the_Patriot_Act" title="Title VII of the Patriot Act">VII</a> · <a href="/wiki/Title_VIII_of_the_Patriot_Act" title="Title VIII of the Patriot Act">VIII</a> · <a href="/wiki/Title_IX_of_the_Patriot_Act" title="Title IX of the Patriot Act">IX</a> · <a href="/wiki/Title_X_of_the_Patriot_Act" title="Title X of the Patriot Act">X</a> · <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Patriot_Act" title="History of the Patriot Act">History</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Acts modified</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Omnibus_Crime_Control_and_Safe_Streets_Act_of_1968" title="Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968">Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Electronic_Communications_Privacy_Act" title="Electronic Communications Privacy Act">Electronic Communications Privacy Act</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Computer_Fraud_and_Abuse_Act" title="Computer Fraud and Abuse Act">Computer Fraud and Abuse Act</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Foreign_Intelligence_Surveillance_Act" title="Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act">Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Family_Educational_Rights_and_Privacy_Act" title="Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act">Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Money_Laundering_Control_Act" title="Money Laundering Control Act">Money Laundering Control Act</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bank_Secrecy_Act" title="Bank Secrecy Act">Bank Secrecy Act</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Right_to_Financial_Privacy_Act" title="Right to Financial Privacy Act">Right to Financial Privacy Act</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fair_Credit_Reporting_Act" title="Fair Credit Reporting Act">Fair Credit Reporting Act</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Immigration_and_Nationality_Act_of_1952" title="Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952">Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Victims_of_Crime_Act_of_1984" title="Victims of Crime Act of 1984">Victims of Crime Act of 1984</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Telemarketing_and_Consumer_Fraud_and_Abuse_Prevention_Act" title="Telemarketing and Consumer Fraud and Abuse Prevention Act">Telemarketing and Consumer Fraud and Abuse Prevention Act</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Ashcroft" title="John Ashcroft">John Ashcroft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alberto_Gonzales" title="Alberto Gonzales">Alberto Gonzales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Leahy" title="Patrick Leahy">Patrick Leahy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orrin_Hatch" title="Orrin Hatch">Orrin Hatch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jon_Kyl" title="Jon Kyl">Jon Kyl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dianne_Feinstein" title="Dianne Feinstein">Dianne Feinstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viet_D._Dinh" title="Viet D. Dinh">Viet D. Dinh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Joe Biden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Chertoff" title="Michael Chertoff">Michael Chertoff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Holder" title="Eric Holder">Eric Holder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Schumer" title="Chuck Schumer">Chuck Schumer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamar_Smith" title="Lamar Smith">Lamar Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Graham" title="Bob Graham">Bob Graham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jay_Rockefeller" title="Jay Rockefeller">Jay Rockefeller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arlen_Specter" title="Arlen Specter">Arlen Specter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Oxley" title="Mike Oxley">Mike Oxley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dick_Armey" title="Dick Armey">Dick Armey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Sarbanes" title="Paul Sarbanes">Paul Sarbanes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trent_Lott" title="Trent Lott">Trent Lott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Daschle" title="Tom Daschle">Tom Daschle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russ_Feingold" title="Russ Feingold">Russ Feingold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ellen_Segal_Huvelle" title="Ellen Segal Huvelle">Ellen Huvelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ron_Paul" title="Ron Paul">Ron Paul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lisa_Murkowski" title="Lisa Murkowski">Lisa Murkowski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ron_Wyden" title="Ron Wyden">Ron Wyden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dennis_Kucinich" title="Dennis Kucinich">Dennis Kucinich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larry_Craig" title="Larry Craig">Larry Craig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_E._Sununu" title="John E. Sununu">John E. Sununu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dick_Durbin" title="Dick Durbin">Richard Durbin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernie_Sanders" title="Bernie Sanders">Bernie Sanders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerry_Nadler" title="Jerry Nadler">Jerry Nadler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Conyers" title="John Conyers">John Conyers Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Butch_Otter" title="Butch Otter">Butch Otter</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Government<br />organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation" title="Federal Bureau of Investigation">Federal Bureau of Investigation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Justice" title="United States Department of Justice">Department of Justice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Permanent_Select_Committee_on_Intelligence" 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