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<li id="toc-Formation_of_the_department" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Formation_of_the_department"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Formation of the department</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Formation_of_the_department-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Controversies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Controversies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Controversies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Controversies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-American_Indians" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#American_Indians"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>American Indians</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-American_Indians-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Operating_units" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Operating_units"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Operating units</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Operating_units-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Awards" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Awards"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Awards</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Awards-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Regions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Regions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Regions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Regions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">United States Department of the Interior</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 35 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-35" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">35 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AE%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9_(%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%AF%D8%A9)" title="وزارة الداخلية (الولايات المتحدة) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="وزارة الداخلية (الولايات المتحدة)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Departamento_d%27o_Interior_d%27os_Estaus_Unius" title="Departamento d'o Interior d'os Estaus Unius – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Departamento d'o Interior d'os Estaus Unius" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85_%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%9E_%D0%97%D0%A8%D0%90" title="Міністэрства ўнутраных спраў ЗША – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Міністэрства ўнутраных спраў ЗША" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5_%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A1%D0%90%D0%A9" title="Министерство на природните богатства на САЩ – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Министерство на природните богатства на САЩ" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ministerstvo_vnitra_Spojen%C3%BDch_st%C3%A1t%C5%AF_americk%C3%BDch" title="Ministerstvo vnitra Spojených států amerických – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Ministerstvo vnitra Spojených států amerických" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Innenministerium_der_Vereinigten_Staaten" title="Innenministerium der Vereinigten Staaten – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Innenministerium der Vereinigten Staaten" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ameerika_%C3%9Chendriikide_Siseministeerium" title="Ameerika Ühendriikide Siseministeerium – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Ameerika Ühendriikide Siseministeerium" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A5%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%BF_%CE%95%CF%83%CF%89%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8E%CE%BD_%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%97%CE%A0%CE%91" title="Υπουργείο Εσωτερικών των ΗΠΑ – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Υπουργείο Εσωτερικών των ΗΠΑ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Departamento_del_Interior_de_los_Estados_Unidos" title="Departamento del Interior de los Estados Unidos – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Departamento del Interior de los Estados Unidos" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usona_Departemento_de_la_Interna%C4%B5o" title="Usona Departemento de la Internaĵo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Usona Departemento de la Internaĵo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ameriketako_Estatu_Batuetako_Barne_Saila" title="Ameriketako Estatu Batuetako Barne Saila – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ameriketako Estatu Batuetako Barne Saila" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA_%DA%A9%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%B1_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%AF%D9%87_%D8%A2%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%A7" title="وزارت کشور ایالات متحده آمریکا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="وزارت کشور ایالات متحده آمریکا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%A9partement_de_l%27Int%C3%A9rieur_des_%C3%89tats-Unis" title="Département de l'Intérieur des États-Unis – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Département de l'Intérieur des États-Unis" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%AF%B8%EA%B5%AD_%EB%82%B4%EB%AC%B4%EB%B6%80" title="미국 내무부 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="미국 내무부" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Departemen_Dalam_Negeri_Amerika_Serikat" title="Departemen Dalam Negeri Amerika Serikat – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Departemen Dalam Negeri Amerika Serikat" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dipartimento_degli_Interni_degli_Stati_Uniti_d%27America" title="Dipartimento degli Interni degli Stati Uniti d'America – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Dipartimento degli Interni degli Stati Uniti d'America" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%97%D7%9C%D7%A7%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%A4%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%9D_%D7%A9%D7%9C_%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%A6%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%AA" title="מחלקת הפנים של ארצות הברית – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מחלקת הפנים של ארצות הברית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ministerium_Interioris_Civitatum_Foederatarum" title="Ministerium Interioris Civitatum Foederatarum – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Ministerium Interioris Civitatum Foederatarum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jungtini%C5%B3_Valstij%C5%B3_vidaus_reikal%C5%B3_departamentas" title="Jungtinių Valstijų vidaus reikalų departamentas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Jungtinių Valstijų vidaus reikalų departamentas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jabatan_Dalam_Negeri_Amerika_Syarikat" title="Jabatan Dalam Negeri Amerika Syarikat – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Jabatan Dalam Negeri Amerika Syarikat" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Department_of_the_Interior" title="United States Department of the Interior – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="United States Department of the Interior" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%A1%E3%83%AA%E3%82%AB%E5%90%88%E8%A1%86%E5%9B%BD%E5%86%85%E5%8B%99%E7%9C%81" title="アメリカ合衆国内務省 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アメリカ合衆国内務省" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Innenriksdepartementet_(USA)" title="Innenriksdepartementet (USA) – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Innenriksdepartementet (USA)" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Departament_Zasob%C3%B3w_Wewn%C4%99trznych_Stan%C3%B3w_Zjednoczonych" title="Departament Zasobów Wewnętrznych Stanów Zjednoczonych – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Departament Zasobów Wewnętrznych Stanów Zjednoczonych" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Departamento_do_Interior_dos_Estados_Unidos" title="Departamento do Interior dos Estados Unidos – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Departamento do Interior dos Estados Unidos" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%B2%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB_%D0%A1%D0%A8%D0%90" title="Министерство внутренних дел США – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Министерство внутренних дел США" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Department_of_the_Interior" title="United States Department of the Interior – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="United States Department of the Interior" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%95%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%95%D8%AA%DB%8C_%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%AE%DB%86%DB%8C_%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%95%D8%AA%DB%95_%DB%8C%DB%95%DA%A9%DA%AF%D8%B1%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%88%DB%95%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86" title="وەزارەتی ناوخۆی ویلایەتە یەکگرتووەکان – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="وەزارەتی ناوخۆی ویلایەتە یەکگرتووەکان" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yhdysvaltain_sis%C3%A4ministeri%C3%B6" title="Yhdysvaltain sisäministeriö – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Yhdysvaltain sisäministeriö" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/USA:s_inrikesdepartement" title="USA:s inrikesdepartement – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="USA:s inrikesdepartement" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90" title="กระทรวงมหาดไทยสหรัฐ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="กระทรวงมหาดไทยสหรัฐ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0%C3%A7i%C5%9Fleri_Bakanl%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1_(Amerika_Birle%C5%9Fik_Devletleri)" title="İçişleri Bakanlığı (Amerika 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i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Department of the Interior" redirects here. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Department_of_the_Interior_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Department of the Interior (disambiguation)">Department of the Interior (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"USDOI" redirects here. For the precursor to the FBI, see <a href="/wiki/Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation" title="Federal Bureau of Investigation">United States Division of Investigation</a>. For the statement, see <a href="/wiki/United_States_Declaration_of_Independence" title="United States Declaration of Independence">United States Declaration of Independence</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title" style="font-size: 125%;">United States Department of the Interior</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Interior.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Seal of the United States Department of the Interior" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Interior.svg/175px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Interior.svg.png" decoding="async" width="175" height="174" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Interior.svg/263px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Interior.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Interior.svg/350px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Interior.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="252" data-file-height="251" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Seal of the U.S. Department of the Interior</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Interior.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Flag of the United States Department of the Interior" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Interior.svg/175px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Interior.svg.png" decoding="async" width="175" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Interior.svg/263px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Interior.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Interior.svg/350px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Interior.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="320" data-file-height="240" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Flag of the U.S. Department of the Interior</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Department_of_the_Interior_by_Matthew_Bisanz.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Main building of the United States Department of the Interior" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Department_of_the_Interior_by_Matthew_Bisanz.JPG/175px-Department_of_the_Interior_by_Matthew_Bisanz.JPG" decoding="async" width="175" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Department_of_the_Interior_by_Matthew_Bisanz.JPG/263px-Department_of_the_Interior_by_Matthew_Bisanz.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Department_of_the_Interior_by_Matthew_Bisanz.JPG/350px-Department_of_the_Interior_by_Matthew_Bisanz.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3617" data-file-height="2187" /></a></span><br />Exterior of the main Interior Building</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef">Agency overview</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Formed</th><td class="infobox-data">March 3, 1849</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data category">Department</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Jurisdiction</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Federal_government_of_the_United_States" title="Federal government of the United States">Federal Government of the United States</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>Main Interior Building</li><li>1849 C Street NW</li><li>Washington, D.C., U.S.</li><li>20240</li></ul></div><br /><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=United_States_Department_of_the_Interior&params=38_53_40_N_77_02_33_W_type:landmark_region:US-DC"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">38°53′40″N</span> <span class="longitude">77°02′33″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">38.89444°N 77.04250°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">38.89444; -77.04250</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Employees</th><td class="infobox-data">67,026 <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q608427?uselang=en#P1128" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Annual budget</th><td class="infobox-data">$17.6 billion (2022)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Agency executives</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li style="text-indent: -1em; padding-left: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Deb_Haaland" title="Deb Haaland">Deb Haaland</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q608427?uselang=en#P488" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Interior" title="United States Secretary of the Interior">Secretary</a></li><li style="text-indent: -1em; padding-left: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Laura_Daniel-Davis" title="Laura Daniel-Davis">Laura Daniel-Davis</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q608427?uselang=en#P2098" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span>, Acting <a href="/wiki/United_States_Deputy_Secretary_of_the_Interior" title="United States Deputy Secretary of the Interior">Deputy Secretary</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.gov">doi<wbr />.gov</a></span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q608427#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>United States Department of the Interior</b> (<b>DOI</b>) is an <a href="/wiki/United_States_federal_executive_departments" title="United States federal executive departments">executive department</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Federal_government_of_the_United_States" title="Federal government of the United States">U.S. federal government</a> responsible for the management and conservation of most <a href="/wiki/Federal_lands" title="Federal lands">federal lands</a> and <a href="/wiki/Natural_resources" class="mw-redirect" title="Natural resources">natural resources</a>. It also administers programs relating to <a href="/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States" title="Native Americans in the United States">Native Americans</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alaska_Natives" title="Alaska Natives">Alaska Natives</a>, <a href="/wiki/Native_Hawaiians" title="Native Hawaiians">Native Hawaiians</a>, territorial affairs, and <a href="/wiki/Insular_area" title="Insular area">insular areas</a> of the United States, as well as programs related to historic preservation. About 75% of federal public land is managed by the department, with most of the remainder managed by the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Agriculture" title="United States Department of Agriculture">Department of Agriculture</a>'s <a href="/wiki/United_States_Forest_Service" title="United States Forest Service">Forest Service</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The department was created on March 3, 1849. It is headquartered at the <a href="/wiki/Main_Interior_Building" title="Main Interior Building">Main Interior Building</a>, located at 1849 C Street <a href="/wiki/Northwest,_Washington,_D.C." class="mw-redirect" title="Northwest, Washington, D.C.">NW</a> in <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a> </p><p>The department is headed by the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Interior" title="United States Secretary of the Interior">secretary of the interior</a>, who reports directly to the <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">president of the United States</a> and is a member of the president's <a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_the_United_States" title="Cabinet of the United States">Cabinet</a>. The current secretary is <a href="/wiki/Deb_Haaland" title="Deb Haaland">Deb Haaland</a>. </p><p>As of mid-2004, the department managed 507 million acres (2,050,000 km<sup>2</sup>) of surface land, or about one-fifth of the land in the United States. It manages 476 dams and 348 <a href="/wiki/Reservoir_(water)" class="mw-redirect" title="Reservoir (water)">reservoirs</a> through the <a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Reclamation" class="mw-redirect" title="Bureau of Reclamation">Bureau of Reclamation</a>, 431 <a href="/wiki/National_park" title="National park">national parks</a>, monuments, historical sites, etc. through the <a href="/wiki/National_Park_Service" title="National Park Service">National Park Service</a>, and 544 national <a href="/wiki/Wildlife_refuge" class="mw-redirect" title="Wildlife refuge">wildlife refuges</a> through the <a href="/wiki/Fish_and_Wildlife_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="Fish and Wildlife Service">Fish and Wildlife Service</a>. The largest land management agency is the <a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Land_Management" title="Bureau of Land Management">Bureau of Land Management</a>, managing about one-eighth of the land in the United States. </p><p>Despite its name, the Department of the Interior has a different role from that of the <a href="/wiki/Interior_ministry" title="Interior ministry">interior ministries</a> of other nations, which are usually responsible for police matters and internal security. In the United States, national security and immigration functions are performed by the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Homeland_Security" title="United States Department of Homeland Security">Department of Homeland Security</a> primarily and the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Justice" title="United States Department of Justice">Department of Justice</a> secondarily. The Department of the Interior has often been humorously called "the Department of Everything Else" because of its broad range of responsibilities.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Department_of_the_Interior&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Formation_of_the_department">Formation of the department</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Department_of_the_Interior&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Formation of the department"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A department for domestic concern was first considered by the <a href="/wiki/1st_United_States_Congress" title="1st United States Congress">1st United States Congress</a> in 1789, but those duties were placed in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_State" title="United States Department of State">Department of State</a>. The idea of a separate domestic department continued to percolate for a half-century and was supported by presidents from <a href="/wiki/James_Madison" title="James Madison">James Madison</a> to <a href="/wiki/James_Polk" class="mw-redirect" title="James Polk">James Polk</a>. The 1846–48 <a href="/wiki/Mexican%E2%80%93American_War" title="Mexican–American War">Mexican–American War</a> gave the proposal new steam as the responsibilities of the federal government grew. Polk's <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Treasury" title="United States Secretary of the Treasury">secretary of the treasury</a>, <a href="/wiki/Robert_J._Walker" title="Robert J. Walker">Robert J. Walker</a>, became a vocal champion of creating the new department.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1849, Walker stated in his annual report that several federal offices were placed in departments with which they had little to do. He noted that the <a href="/wiki/United_States_General_Land_Office" title="United States General Land Office">United States General Land Office</a> had little to do with the Treasury and also highlighted the <a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Indian_Affairs" title="Bureau of Indian Affairs">Indian Affairs office</a>, part of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_War" title="United States Department of War">Department of War</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Patent_and_Trademark_Office" title="United States Patent and Trademark Office">Patent Office</a>, part of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_State" title="United States Department of State">Department of State</a>. Walker argued that these and other bureaus should be brought together in a new Department of the Interior.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2017)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> A bill authorizing its creation of the department passed the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">House of Representatives</a> on February 15, 1849, and spent just over two weeks in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">Senate</a>. The department was established on March 3, 1849 (9 <a href="/wiki/United_States_Statutes_at_Large" title="United States Statutes at Large">Stat.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://legislink.org/us/stat-9-395">395</a>), the eve of President <a href="/wiki/Zachary_Taylor" title="Zachary Taylor">Zachary Taylor</a>'s inauguration, when the Senate voted 31 to 25 to create the department. Its passage was delayed by <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democrats</a> in <a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">Congress</a> who were reluctant to create more <a href="/wiki/Patronage" title="Patronage">patronage</a> posts for the incoming <a href="/wiki/Whig_Party_(United_States)" title="Whig Party (United States)">Whig</a> administration to fill. The first <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Interior" title="United States Secretary of the Interior">secretary of the interior</a> was <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Ewing" title="Thomas Ewing">Thomas Ewing</a>. </p><p>Several of the domestic concerns the department originally dealt with were gradually transferred to other departments. For example, the Department of Interior was responsible for water pollution control prior to the creation of the <a href="/wiki/Environmental_Protection_Agency" class="mw-redirect" title="Environmental Protection Agency">Environmental Protection Agency</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other agencies became separate departments, such as the <a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Agriculture" class="mw-redirect" title="Bureau of Agriculture">Bureau of Agriculture</a>, which later became the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Agriculture" title="United States Department of Agriculture">Department of Agriculture</a>. However, land and natural resource management, American Indian affairs, wildlife conservation, and territorial affairs remain the responsibilities of the Department of the Interior. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Controversies">Controversies</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Department_of_the_Interior&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Controversies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Secretary of the Interior <a href="/wiki/Albert_B._Fall" title="Albert B. Fall">Albert B. Fall</a> was implicated in the <a href="/wiki/Teapot_Dome" class="mw-redirect" title="Teapot Dome">Teapot Dome</a> scandal of 1921. He was convicted of bribery in 1929, and served one year in prison, for his part in the controversy. A major factor in the scandal was a transfer of certain oil leases from the jurisdiction of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_the_Navy" title="United States Department of the Navy">Department of the Navy</a> to that of the Department of the Interior, at Fall's behest. </p><p>Secretary of the Interior <a href="/wiki/James_G._Watt" title="James G. Watt">James G. Watt</a> faced criticism for his alleged hostility to environmentalism, for his support of the development and use of federal lands by foresting, ranching, and other commercial interests, and for banning <a href="/wiki/The_Beach_Boys" title="The Beach Boys">the Beach Boys</a> from playing a 1983 Independence Day concert on the <a href="/wiki/National_Mall" title="National Mall">National Mall</a> out of concerns of attracting "an undesirable element". His 1983 resignation was prompted by a speech in which he said about his staff: "I have a black, a woman, two Jews and a cripple. And we have talent."<sup id="cite_ref-bart_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bart-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Under the Administration of President <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a>, the Interior Department's maintenance backlog climbed from $5 billion to $8.7 billion, despite Bush's campaign pledges to eliminate it completely. Of the agency under Bush's leadership, Interior Department Inspector General <a href="/wiki/Earl_Devaney" title="Earl Devaney">Earl Devaney</a> has cited a "<a href="/wiki/Culture_of_fear" title="Culture of fear">culture of fear</a>" and of "ethical failure." Devaney has also said, "Simply stated, short of a crime, anything goes at the highest levels of the Department of Interior."<sup id="cite_ref-lat012409_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lat012409-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Launched in June of 2021, the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.doi.gov/priorities/strengthening-indian-country/federal-indian-boarding-school-initiative">Federal Indian Boarding School Initiative</a> intended to investigate federal Indian boarding school policies and multi-generational impacts of trauma on American Indian, Alaska Native, and Native Hawaiian children. Released in two volumes, the three year investigation produced the first report<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in May 2022 and the second and final<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> volume in June 2024. The final report details the severe trauma and cultural disruption inflicted on Native American communities through these schools, which operated from the late 19th century to the mid-20th century. It highlights the systemic abuse and neglect endured by students, finding 973 children died at the schools and calls for accountability and measures to address the ongoing impact on Native American families and communities to include working closely with tribal nations on the identification and repatriation of the remains.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="American_Indians">American Indians</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Department_of_the_Interior&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: American Indians"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Within the Interior Department, the <a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Indian_Affairs" title="Bureau of Indian Affairs">Bureau of Indian Affairs</a> handles some federal relations with American Indians, while others are handled by the Office of Special Trustee. The current acting assistant secretary for Indian affairs is Bryan Newland, an enrolled member of the <a href="/wiki/Bay_Mills_Indian_Community" title="Bay Mills Indian Community">Bay Mills Indian Community</a>. </p><p>The department has been the subject of disputes over proper accounting for American Indian Trusts set up to track the income and distribution of monies that are generated by the trust and specific American Indian lands, which the government leases for fees to companies that extract oil, timber, minerals, and other resources. Several cases have sought an accounting of such funds from departments within the Interior and Treasury (such as the Minerals Management Service), in what has been a 15-year-old lawsuit. Some American Indian nations have also sued the government over water-rights issues and their treaties with the US. In 2010 Congress passed the Claims Settlement Act of 2010 (Public Law 111-291), which provided $3.4 billion for the settlement of the <i><a href="/wiki/Cobell_v._Salazar" title="Cobell v. Salazar">Cobell v. Salazar</a></i> class-action trust case and four American Indian water rights cases.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Warren_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Warren-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On March 16, 2021, <a href="/wiki/Deb_Haaland" title="Deb Haaland">Deb Haaland</a>, serving at that time as a member of Congress for New Mexico, took the oath of office as secretary, becoming the first American Indian to lead an executive department, and the third woman to lead the department.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Operating_units">Operating units</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Department_of_the_Interior&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Operating units"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Department_of_interior.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Department_of_interior.jpg/300px-Department_of_interior.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Department_of_interior.jpg/450px-Department_of_interior.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Department_of_interior.jpg/600px-Department_of_interior.jpg 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="720" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Hierarchy" title="Hierarchy">hierarchy</a> of the U.S. Department of the Interior</figcaption></figure> <ul><li>Assistant Secretary for Policy, Management, and Budget <ul><li>Deputy Assistant Secretary for Policy and International Affairs<figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Vertical_NISC_Logo_(13592513375).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Vertical_NISC_Logo_%2813592513375%29.jpg/220px-Vertical_NISC_Logo_%2813592513375%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="275" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Vertical_NISC_Logo_%2813592513375%29.jpg/330px-Vertical_NISC_Logo_%2813592513375%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Vertical_NISC_Logo_%2813592513375%29.jpg/440px-Vertical_NISC_Logo_%2813592513375%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1501" /></a><figcaption>Logo of the National Invasive Species Council</figcaption></figure> <ul><li>Office of Environmental Policy and Compliance</li> <li>Office of International Affairs</li> <li>Office of Native Hawaiian Relations</li> <li>Office of Restoration and Damage Assessment</li> <li>Office of Policy Analysis</li> <li>National Invasive Species Council</li></ul></li> <li>Deputy Assistant Secretary for Budget, Finance, Performance and Acquisition<figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:20170621-DM-LSC-0288_(35453021775).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/20170621-DM-LSC-0288_%2835453021775%29.jpg/220px-20170621-DM-LSC-0288_%2835453021775%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/20170621-DM-LSC-0288_%2835453021775%29.jpg/330px-20170621-DM-LSC-0288_%2835453021775%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/20170621-DM-LSC-0288_%2835453021775%29.jpg/440px-20170621-DM-LSC-0288_%2835453021775%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7360" data-file-height="4690" /></a><figcaption>Office of Small and Disadvantaged Business Utilization Deputy Director, Michelle E. Warren, leading an awards ceremony in Washington, D.C.</figcaption></figure> <ul><li>Office of Budget</li> <li>Office of Financial Management</li> <li>Office of Planning and Performance Management</li> <li>Business Integration Office [administers the Financial and Business Management System (FBMS)]</li> <li>Office of Acquisition and Property Management</li> <li>Office of Small and Disadvantaged Business Utilization</li></ul></li> <li>Deputy Assistant Secretary for Human Capital and Diversity <ul><li>Office of Human Resources</li> <li>Office of Occupational Safety and Health</li> <li>Office of Strategic Employee and Organizational Development</li> <li>Office of Civil Rights</li></ul></li> <li>Deputy Assistant Secretary for Technology, Information and Business Services <ul><li>Office of Collaborative Action and Dispute Resolution</li> <li>Appraisal and Valuation Services Office</li> <li>Interior Business Center</li> <li>Office of Hearings and Appeals</li> <li>Office of Facilities and Administrative Services</li> <li>Office of the Chief Information Officer</li></ul></li> <li>Deputy Assistant Secretary for Public Safety, Resources Protection and Emergency Services (DAS-PRE) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Emergency_Management" class="mw-redirect" title="Office of Emergency Management">Office of Emergency Management</a> (OEM)</li> <li>Office of Law Enforcement and Security (OLES)</li> <li>Office of Wildland Fire</li> <li>Office of Aviation Services (OAS)</li> <li>Interagency Borderlands Coordinator</li></ul></li> <li>Deputy Assistant Secretary for Natural Resources Revenue Management <ul><li>Office of Natural Resources Revenue</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assistant_Secretary_for_Fish_and_Wildlife_and_Parks" class="mw-redirect" title="Assistant Secretary for Fish and Wildlife and Parks">Assistant Secretary for Fish, Wildlife, and Parks</a><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:San_Antonio_Missions_WHS_dedication_ceremony_(22234797786).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/San_Antonio_Missions_WHS_dedication_ceremony_%2822234797786%29.jpg/220px-San_Antonio_Missions_WHS_dedication_ceremony_%2822234797786%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/San_Antonio_Missions_WHS_dedication_ceremony_%2822234797786%29.jpg/330px-San_Antonio_Missions_WHS_dedication_ceremony_%2822234797786%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/San_Antonio_Missions_WHS_dedication_ceremony_%2822234797786%29.jpg/440px-San_Antonio_Missions_WHS_dedication_ceremony_%2822234797786%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1335" /></a><figcaption>Deputy Assistant Secretary for Fish, Wildlife and Parks, Michael Bean (third from left), at the dedication of <a href="/wiki/San_Antonio_Missions_(World_Heritage_Site)" title="San Antonio Missions (World Heritage Site)">San Antonio Missions UNESCO World Heritage Site</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tioga_Pass_entry_station.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Tioga_Pass_entry_station.jpg/220px-Tioga_Pass_entry_station.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="108" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Tioga_Pass_entry_station.jpg/330px-Tioga_Pass_entry_station.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Tioga_Pass_entry_station.jpg/440px-Tioga_Pass_entry_station.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2590" data-file-height="1266" /></a><figcaption>Eastern entry station to <a href="/wiki/Yosemite_National_Park" title="Yosemite National Park">Yosemite National Park</a></figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/National_Park_Service" title="National Park Service">National Park Service</a></li> <li><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sean_Edwards_(40680590754).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Sean_Edwards_%2840680590754%29.png/220px-Sean_Edwards_%2840680590754%29.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="119" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Sean_Edwards_%2840680590754%29.png/330px-Sean_Edwards_%2840680590754%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Sean_Edwards_%2840680590754%29.png/440px-Sean_Edwards_%2840680590754%29.png 2x" data-file-width="1277" data-file-height="690" /></a><figcaption>Fish and Wildlife Service personnel in Texas</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Fish_and_Wildlife_Service" title="United States Fish and Wildlife Service">United States Fish and Wildlife Service</a></li></ul></li> <li>Assistant Secretary for Indian Affairs <ul><li>Deputy Assistant Secretary for Management <ul><li>Office of the Chief Financial Officer (OCFO)</li> <li>Office of the Chief Information Officer (OCIO)</li> <li>Office of Human Capital Management (OHCM)</li> <li>Office of Planning and Policy Analysis (OPPA)</li> <li>Office of Facilities, Environmental and Cultural Resources (OFECR)</li></ul></li> <li>Deputy Assistant Secretary for Policy and Economic Development <ul><li>Office of Indian Energy and Economic Development (IEED)</li> <li>Office of Indian Gaming (OIG)</li> <li>Office of Self-Governance (OSG)</li></ul></li> <li><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:FEMA_-_33490_-_Bureau_of_Indian_Affairs_firefighter_in_California.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/FEMA_-_33490_-_Bureau_of_Indian_Affairs_firefighter_in_California.jpg/220px-FEMA_-_33490_-_Bureau_of_Indian_Affairs_firefighter_in_California.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/FEMA_-_33490_-_Bureau_of_Indian_Affairs_firefighter_in_California.jpg/330px-FEMA_-_33490_-_Bureau_of_Indian_Affairs_firefighter_in_California.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/FEMA_-_33490_-_Bureau_of_Indian_Affairs_firefighter_in_California.jpg/440px-FEMA_-_33490_-_Bureau_of_Indian_Affairs_firefighter_in_California.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2700" data-file-height="1800" /></a><figcaption>A Bureau of Indian Affairs firefighter at the <a href="/wiki/La_Jolla_Band_of_Luiseno_Indians#Reservation" class="mw-redirect" title="La Jolla Band of Luiseno Indians">La Jolla Indian Reservation</a></figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Indian_Affairs" title="Bureau of Indian Affairs">Bureau of Indian Affairs</a> (BIA) <ul><li>Office of Indian Services (OIS)</li> <li>Office of Field Operations (OFO)</li> <li>Office of Justice Services (OJS)</li> <li>Office of Trust Services (OTS)</li></ul></li> <li><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Figure_1-_Locations_of_Bureau_of_Indian_Education_Schools_by_Bureau_of_Indian_Affairs_Region_(26179452402).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Figure_1-_Locations_of_Bureau_of_Indian_Education_Schools_by_Bureau_of_Indian_Affairs_Region_%2826179452402%29.jpg/220px-Figure_1-_Locations_of_Bureau_of_Indian_Education_Schools_by_Bureau_of_Indian_Affairs_Region_%2826179452402%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="139" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Figure_1-_Locations_of_Bureau_of_Indian_Education_Schools_by_Bureau_of_Indian_Affairs_Region_%2826179452402%29.jpg/330px-Figure_1-_Locations_of_Bureau_of_Indian_Education_Schools_by_Bureau_of_Indian_Affairs_Region_%2826179452402%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Figure_1-_Locations_of_Bureau_of_Indian_Education_Schools_by_Bureau_of_Indian_Affairs_Region_%2826179452402%29.jpg/440px-Figure_1-_Locations_of_Bureau_of_Indian_Education_Schools_by_Bureau_of_Indian_Affairs_Region_%2826179452402%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2275" data-file-height="1442" /></a><figcaption>2016 map of Bureau of Indian Education schools</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Indian_Education" title="Bureau of Indian Education">Bureau of Indian Education</a> (BIE)</li> <li>Office of External Affairs <ul><li>Office of Congressional and Legislative Affairs (OCLA)</li> <li>Office of Public Affairs (OPA)</li></ul></li> <li>Office of Federal Acknowledgment (OFA)</li> <li>Office of Regulatory Management (ORM)</li></ul></li> <li>Assistant Secretary for Land and Minerals Management <ul><li><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Central_Arctic_Management_Area_WSA_(14938300660).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Central_Arctic_Management_Area_WSA_%2814938300660%29.jpg/220px-Central_Arctic_Management_Area_WSA_%2814938300660%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Central_Arctic_Management_Area_WSA_%2814938300660%29.jpg/330px-Central_Arctic_Management_Area_WSA_%2814938300660%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Central_Arctic_Management_Area_WSA_%2814938300660%29.jpg/440px-Central_Arctic_Management_Area_WSA_%2814938300660%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2500" data-file-height="1666" /></a><figcaption>A Bureau of Land Management <a href="/wiki/Wilderness_Study_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="Wilderness Study Area">Wilderness Study Area</a> in northern <a href="/wiki/Alaska" title="Alaska">Alaska</a></figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Land_Management" title="Bureau of Land Management">Bureau of Land Management</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Surface_Mining_Reclamation_and_Enforcement" title="Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement">Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Ocean_Energy_Management" title="Bureau of Ocean Energy Management">Bureau of Ocean Energy Management</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Safety_and_Environmental_Enforcement" title="Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement">Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement</a></li></ul></li> <li>Assistant Secretary for Water and Science <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Geological_Survey" title="United States Geological Survey">United States Geological Survey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Reclamation" class="mw-redirect" title="Bureau of Reclamation">Bureau of Reclamation</a></li> <li>Central Utah Project Completion Act Office</li></ul></li> <li>Assistant Secretary for Insular and International Affairs <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Insular_Affairs" title="Office of Insular Affairs">Office of Insular Affairs</a></li> <li>Office of International Affairs</li> <li>Ocean, Great Lakes and Coastal Activities Program Office</li></ul></li> <li>Solicitor <ul><li>Office of the Solicitor (SOL)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_Inspector_General" class="mw-redirect" title="Office of the Inspector General">Office of the Inspector General</a> (OIG) <ul><li>Office of General Counsel</li> <li>Assistant Inspector General for Investigations <ul><li>Office of Investigations</li></ul></li> <li>Assistant Inspector General for Audits, Inspections, and Evaluations <ul><li>Office of Audits, Inspections, and Evaluations</li></ul></li> <li>Assistant Inspector General for Management <ul><li>Office of Management</li></ul></li> <li>Associate Inspector General for External Affairs</li> <li>Associate Inspector General for Whistleblower Protection</li> <li>Strategy Management Office</li> <li>Associate Inspector General for Communications</li></ul></li> <li>Chief Information Officer</li> <li>Special Trustee for American Indians</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Executive_Boards" title="Federal Executive Boards">Federal Executive Boards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interior_Museum" title="Interior Museum">Interior Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Indian_Gaming_Commission" title="National Indian Gaming Commission">National Indian Gaming Commission</a> (NIGC)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Awards">Awards</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Department_of_the_Interior&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Awards"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>DOI Convocation Honor Award</b> is the most prestigious recognition that can be granted by the department. </p><p>The following awards are presented at the Honor Awards Convocation:<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Safety and Health Award of Excellence & Aviation Safety Award</li> <li>Distinguished Service Award</li> <li>Citizen's Award for Bravery</li> <li>Valor Award</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Regions">Regions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Department_of_the_Interior&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Regions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2018, DOI established 12 organizational regions to be used across the department. These superseded the previous 49 regions used across 8 agencies.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Department_of_the_Interior&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output 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class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em 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February 22, 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210821053133/https://www.doi.gov/employees/reorg/unified-regional-boundaries">Archived</a> from the original on August 21, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 29,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.doi.gov&rft.atitle=Unified+Interior+Regional+Boundaries&rft.date=2018-02-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.doi.gov%2Femployees%2Freorg%2Funified-regional-boundaries&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Department+of+the+Interior" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Department_of_the_Interior&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Black, Megan. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Global_Interior" title="The Global Interior">The Global Interior: Mineral Frontiers and American Power</a></i>. Harvard University Press, 2018.</li> <li>Utley, Robert M. and Barry Mackintosh; <i>The Department of Everything Else: Highlights of Interior History</i>; Dept. of the Interior, Washington, D.C.; 1989</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Department_of_the_Interior&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 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Center">National Water and Climate Center</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rural_Utilities_Service" title="Rural Utilities Service">Rural Utilities Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Forest_Service" title="United States Forest Service">Forest Service</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Homeland_Security" title="United States Department of Homeland Security">Department of Homeland Security</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/DHS_Directorate_for_Science_and_Technology" class="mw-redirect" title="DHS Directorate for Science and Technology">Science and Technology Directorate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Coast_Guard" title="United States Coast Guard">United States Coast Guard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Health_and_Human_Services" class="mw-redirect" title="Department of Health and Human Services">Department of Health <br />and Human Services</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agency_for_Toxic_Substances_and_Disease_Registry" title="Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry">Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centers_for_Disease_Control_and_Prevention" title="Centers for Disease Control and Prevention">Centers for Disease Control and Prevention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Institute_of_Environmental_Health_Sciences" title="National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences">National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Defense" title="United States Department of Defense">Department of Defense</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Research_Laboratory" title="Air Force Research Laboratory">Air Force Research Laboratory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defense_Advanced_Research_Projects_Agency" class="mw-redirect" title="Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency">Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joint_Typhoon_Warning_Center" title="Joint Typhoon Warning Center">Joint Typhoon Warning Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Naval_Research" title="Office of Naval Research">Office of Naval Research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Research,_Development_and_Engineering_Command" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Army Research, Development and Engineering Command">Combat Capabilities Development Command</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Executive_Office_of_the_President_of_the_United_States" title="Executive Office of the President of the United States">Executive Office of the President</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/White_House_Office_of_Domestic_Climate_Policy" title="White House Office of Domestic Climate Policy">Climate Policy Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_House_Office_on_Clean_Energy_Innovation_and_Implementation" title="White House Office on Clean Energy Innovation and Implementation">Clean Energy Innovation and Implementation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.S._Special_Presidential_Envoy_for_Climate" title="U.S. Special Presidential Envoy for Climate">U.S. Special Presidential Envoy for Climate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_on_Environmental_Quality" title="Council on Environmental Quality">Council on Environmental Quality</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Defunct</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_Science_Services_Administration" title="Environmental Science Services Administration">Environmental Science Services Administration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Fish_Commission" title="United States Fish Commission">United States Fish Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Coast_and_Geodetic_Survey" title="United States Coast and Geodetic Survey">United States Coast and Geodetic Survey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_House_Office_of_Energy_and_Climate_Change_Policy" title="White House Office of Energy and Climate Change Policy">White House Office of Energy and Climate Change Policy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link 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Development">Housing and Urban Development</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Interior</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Justice" title="United States Department of Justice">Justice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Labor" title="United States Department of Labor">Labor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_State" title="United States Department of State">State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Transportation" title="United States Department of Transportation">Transportation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury" title="United States Department of the Treasury">Treasury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Veterans_Affairs" title="United States Department of Veterans Affairs">Veterans Affairs</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_the_Air_Force" title="United States Department of the Air Force">Air Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_the_Army" title="United States Department of the Army">Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Commerce_and_Labor" title="United States Department of Commerce and Labor">Commerce and Labor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Health,_Education,_and_Welfare" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Department of Health, Education, and Welfare">Health, Education, and Welfare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_the_Navy" title="United States Department of the Navy">Navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Post_Office_Department" title="United States Post Office Department">Post Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_War" title="United States Department of War">War</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q608427#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q608427#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q608427#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000120975276">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/140720803">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1853028/">FAST</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/16048-9">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n80126051">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11884044x">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11884044x">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00276301">Japan</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35566860">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.bnportugal.gov.pt/aut/catbnp/1319005">Portugal</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/13051811">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://katalog.nsk.hr/F/?func=direct&doc_number=000331927&local_base=nsk10">Croatia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.nlg.gr/cgi-bin/koha/opac-authoritiesdetail.pl?authid=213795">Greece</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lod.nl.go.kr/resource/KAB202015860">Korea</a></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lod.nl.go.kr/resource/KAB202013173">2</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810638320405606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007269263805171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA03899791?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=&role=&nation=&subjectid=500237385">ULAN</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/998537">Trove</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 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