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href="#Words_of_Australian_Aboriginal_origin"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.1 Words of Australian Aboriginal origin </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Words_of_Australian_Aboriginal_origin-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Words_of_British,_Irish_or_American_origin" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Words_of_British,_Irish_or_American_origin"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 Words of British, Irish or American origin </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Words_of_British,_Irish_or_American_origin-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rhyming_slang" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rhyming_slang"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Rhyming slang </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rhyming_slang-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Diminutives_and_abbreviations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Diminutives_and_abbreviations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Diminutives and abbreviations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Diminutives_and_abbreviations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Colloquial_phrases" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Colloquial_phrases"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Colloquial phrases </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Colloquial_phrases-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Alcohol" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Alcohol"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Alcohol </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Alcohol-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pre-decimal_currency" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" 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.ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a>. Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Australian_English_vocabulary" title="Special:EditPage/Australian English vocabulary">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Australian+English+vocabulary%22">"Australian English vocabulary"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Australian+English+vocabulary%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Australian+English+vocabulary%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Australian+English+vocabulary%22+-wikipedia">books</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Australian+English+vocabulary%22">scholar</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Australian+English+vocabulary%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a> (September 2013) (<a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a>)</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <a href="/wiki/Australian_English" title="Australian English">Australian English</a> is a major variety of the <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English language</a> spoken throughout <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a>. Most of the vocabulary of Australian English is shared with <a href="/wiki/British_English" title="British English">British English</a>, though there are notable differences.<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a> The vocabulary of Australia is drawn from many sources, including various dialects of British English as well as <a href="/wiki/Goidelic_languages" title="Goidelic languages">Gaelic languages</a>, some <a href="/wiki/Indigenous_Australian_languages" class="mw-redirect" title="Indigenous Australian languages">Indigenous Australian languages</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Polynesian_languages" title="Polynesian languages">Polynesian languages</a>.<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a> One of the first dictionaries of Australian slang was <a href="/wiki/Karl_Lentzner" title="Karl Lentzner">Karl Lentzner</a>'s Dictionary of the Slang-English of Australia and of Some Mixed Languages in 1892.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research#Primary,_secondary_and_tertiary_sources" title="Wikipedia:No original research">non-primary source needed</a>] The first dictionary based on historical principles that covered Australian English was <a href="/wiki/E._E._Morris" class="mw-redirect" title="E. E. Morris">E. E. Morris</a>'s Austral English: A Dictionary of Australasian Words, Phrases and Usages (1898). In 1981, the more comprehensive <a href="/wiki/Macquarie_Dictionary" title="Macquarie Dictionary">Macquarie Dictionary of Australian English</a> was published. Oxford University Press published the <a href="/wiki/Australian_Oxford_Dictionary" title="Australian Oxford Dictionary">Australian Oxford Dictionary</a> in 1999, in concert with the <a href="/wiki/Australian_National_University" title="Australian National University">Australian National University</a>. Oxford University Press also published <a href="/wiki/The_Australian_National_Dictionary" title="The Australian National Dictionary">The Australian National Dictionary</a>. Broad and colourful Australian English has been popularised over the years by 'larrikin' characters created by Australian performers such as Chips Rafferty, John Meillon, Paul Hogan, Barry Humphries, Greig Pickhaver and John Doyle, Michael Caton, Steve Irwin, Jane Turner and Gina Riley. It has been claimed that, in recent times, the popularity of the <a href="/wiki/Barry_McKenzie" title="Barry McKenzie">Barry McKenzie</a> character, played on screen by <a href="/wiki/Barry_Crocker" title="Barry Crocker">Barry Crocker</a>, and in particular of the soap opera <a href="/wiki/Neighbours" title="Neighbours">Neighbours</a>, led to a "huge shift in the attitude towards Australian English in the UK", with such phrases as "chunder", "liquid laugh" and "technicolour yawn" all becoming well known as a result.<a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Words_of_Australian_origin">Words of Australian origin</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Australian_English_vocabulary&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Words of Australian origin">edit</a>]</div> The origins of some of the words are disputed. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battler_(underdog)" title="Battler (underdog)">Battler</a> – a person with few natural advantages, who works doggedly and with little reward, who struggles for a livelihood and who displays courage. The first citation for this comes from <a href="/wiki/Henry_Lawson" title="Henry Lawson">Henry Lawson</a> in <a href="/wiki/While_the_Billy_Boils_(short_story_collection)" title="While the Billy Boils (short story collection)">While the Billy Boils</a> (1896): "I sat on him pretty hard for his pretensions, and paid him out for all the patronage he'd worked off on me... and told him never to pretend to me again he was a battler".<a href="#cite_note-anu-4">[4]</a></li> <li>Bludger – a person who avoids working, or doing their share of work, a loafer, scrounger, a hanger-on, one who does not pull his weight; originally, a pimp.<a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bogan" title="Bogan">Bogan</a> – an Australian term for describing someone who may be a <a href="/wiki/Yob_(slang)" title="Yob (slang)">yobbo</a> (<a href="/wiki/Redneck" title="Redneck">redneck</a>). The major difference between the two is that yobbo tends to be used as a noun, whereas bogan can also be used adjectivally to describe objects pertaining to people who are bogans. Regional variations include "Bevan" in and around <a href="/wiki/Brisbane" title="Brisbane">Brisbane</a>, and "Booner" around <a href="/wiki/Canberra" title="Canberra">Canberra</a>. It's usually an uncultured person with vulgar behavior, speech, clothing, etc. </li> <li>Cooker – a derogatory term for <a href="/wiki/Conspiracy_theorist" class="mw-redirect" title="Conspiracy theorist">conspiracy theorist</a>;<a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a> according to the <a href="/wiki/National_Dictionary_Centre" class="mw-redirect" title="National Dictionary Centre">National Dictionary Centre</a>, "a derogatory term for a person involved in protests against vaccine mandates, <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_lockdown" class="mw-redirect" title="COVID-19 lockdown">lockdowns</a> and a range of other issues perceived to be infringing on personal freedom". Emerging during the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Australia" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Australia">COVID-19 pandemic in Australia</a>, the word made the <a href="/wiki/Shortlist" class="mw-redirect" title="Shortlist">shortlist</a> for "Word of the Year" in 2022.<a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a> The term is also loosely associated with the <a href="/wiki/Far-right_politics_in_Australia" title="Far-right politics in Australia">far right</a>.<a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a> An explanation of the term given by an Australian in answer to a question on <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a> is that "It refers to soneone(sic) whose brain has been cooked by overexposure to conspiracy theories and unhinged online rhetoric".<a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:NOTRS" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:NOTRS">better source needed</a>]</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Didgeridoo" title="Didgeridoo">Didgeridoo</a> is a wind instrument that was originally found only in <a href="/wiki/Arnhem_Land" title="Arnhem Land">Arnhem Land</a> in northern Australia. It is a long, wooden, tubular instrument that produces a low-pitched, resonant sound with complex, rhythmic patterns but little tonal variation.<a href="#cite_note-anu-4">[4]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digger_(soldier)" title="Digger (soldier)">Digger</a> – an Australian soldier. The term was applied during the First World War to Australian and New Zealand soldiers because so much of their time was spent digging trenches. An earlier Australian sense of digger was "a miner digging for gold". <a href="/wiki/Billy_Hughes" title="Billy Hughes">Billy Hughes</a>, prime minister during the First World War, was known as the Little Digger. First recorded in this sense 1916.<a href="#cite_note-anu-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-immi-11">[11]</a></li> <li>Dinkum or fair dinkum – "true", "the truth", "speaking the truth", "authentic" and related meanings, depending on context and inflection. The Evening News (Sydney, NSW) 23 August 1879 has one of the earliest references to fair dinkum.<a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a> It originated with a now-extinct dialect word from the <a href="/wiki/East_Midlands" title="East Midlands">East Midlands</a> in England, where dinkum (or dincum) meant "hard work" or "fair work", which was also the original meaning in Australian English.<a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a></li> <li>Dunny – a privy, toilet or lavatory (from British dunnekin).<a href="#cite_note-anu-4">[4]</a> To many Australians "bathroom" is a room with a bath or shower.</li> <li>Fair go – a reasonable chance, a fair deal. Australia often sees itself as an egalitarian society, the land of the fair go, where all citizens have a right to fair treatment.<a href="#cite_note-anu-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-immi-11">[11]</a></li> <li>Grogan - the product of a bowel movement. <a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jackaroo_(trainee)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jackaroo (trainee)">Jackaroo</a> – a type of agricultural worker.<a href="#cite_note-anu-4">[4]</a></li> <li>Nasho (plural nashos) – a person undergoing <a href="/wiki/Conscription_in_Australia" title="Conscription in Australia">National Service</a>, mandatory military service in Australia.<a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a><a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a> The word is often used for <a href="/wiki/Vietnam_War" title="Vietnam War">Vietnam War</a> soldiers when conscription became controversial. Since that time, conscription has not been implemented in Australia.<a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a></li> <li>Nork – a female breast (usually in plural); etymology disputed, but has been linked to <a href="/wiki/Norco_Co-operative" title="Norco Co-operative">Norco</a>, a NSW milk company.<a href="#cite_note-OUP-18">[18]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outback" title="Outback">Outback</a> – a "remote, sparsely-populated area".<a href="#cite_note-anu-4">[4]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Words_of_Australian_Aboriginal_origin">Words of Australian Aboriginal origin</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Australian_English_vocabulary&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Words of Australian Aboriginal origin">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/List_of_English_words_of_Australian_Aboriginal_origin" title="List of English words of Australian Aboriginal origin">List of English words of Australian Aboriginal origin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Australian_Aboriginal_English" title="Australian Aboriginal English">Australian Aboriginal English</a></div> Some elements of <a href="/wiki/Australian_Aboriginal_languages" title="Australian Aboriginal languages">Aboriginal languages</a> have been incorporated into <a href="/wiki/Australian_English" title="Australian English">Australian English</a>, mainly as names for flora and fauna (for example <a href="/wiki/Koala" title="Koala">koala</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dingo" title="Dingo">dingo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kangaroo" title="Kangaroo">kangaroo</a>). Some examples are <a href="/wiki/Cooee" title="Cooee">cooee</a> and yakka. The former is a high-pitched call (<a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/ˈkuːiː/</a>) which travels long distances and is used to attract attention, which has been derived from <a href="/wiki/Darug" class="mw-redirect" title="Darug">Dharug</a>, an Aboriginal language spoken in the Sydney region.<a href="#cite_note-anu2-19">[19]</a> Cooee has also become a notional distance: if he's within cooee, we'll spot him. Yakka means work, strenuous labour, and comes from 'yaga' meaning 'work' in the <a href="/wiki/Turrubal_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Turrubal language">Yagara</a> indigenous language of the Brisbane region. Yakka found its way into nineteenth-century Australian pidgin, and then passed into Australian English. First recorded 1847.<a href="#cite_note-anu-4">[4]</a> <a href="/wiki/Boomerang" title="Boomerang">Boomerang</a> is an Australian word which has moved into International English. It was also borrowed from <a href="/wiki/Darug" class="mw-redirect" title="Darug">Dharug</a>.<a href="#cite_note-anu-4">[4]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Words_of_British,_Irish_or_American_origin">Words of British, Irish or American origin</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Australian_English_vocabulary&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Words of British, Irish or American origin">edit</a>]</div> Many such words, phrases or usages originated with British and Irish settlers to Australia from the 1780s until the present. For example: a <a href="/wiki/Stream" title="Stream">creek</a> in Australia (as in <a href="/wiki/North_America" title="North America">North America</a>), is any "<a href="/wiki/Stream" title="Stream">stream</a> or small <a href="/wiki/River" title="River">river</a>", whereas in England it is a small watercourse flowing into the <a href="/wiki/Sea" title="Sea">sea</a>; paddock is the Australian word for "<a href="/wiki/Field_(agriculture)" title="Field (agriculture)">field</a>", while in England it is a small enclosure for <a href="/wiki/Livestock" title="Livestock">livestock</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Bush" class="mw-redirect" title="The Bush">Bush</a> (as in North America) or scrub means "wooded areas" or "country areas in general" in Australia, while in England they are commonly used only in proper names (such as <a href="/wiki/Shepherd%27s_Bush" title="Shepherd's Bush">Shepherd's Bush</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wormwood_Scrubs" title="Wormwood Scrubs">Wormwood Scrubs</a>). Australian English and several <a href="/wiki/British_English" title="British English">British English</a> dialects (e.g., <a href="/wiki/Cockney" title="Cockney">Cockney</a>, <a href="/wiki/Scouse" title="Scouse">Scouse</a>, <a href="/wiki/Geordie" title="Geordie">Geordie</a>) use the word <a href="/wiki/Mate_(colloquialism)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mate (colloquialism)">mate</a> to mean a friend, rather than the conventional meaning of "a spouse", although this usage has also become common in some other varieties of English. <ul><li>Billy – a tin or enamel cooking pot with a lid and wire handle, used outdoors, especially for making tea. It comes from the Scottish dialect word billy meaning "cooking utensil".<a href="#cite_note-anu-4">[4]</a></li> <li>Fair dinkum – reliable; genuine; honest; true, comes from British dialect. The phrase is recorded in a north <a href="/wiki/Lincolnshire" title="Lincolnshire">Lincolnshire</a> dialect for the first time meaning "fair play" or "fair dealing", although "dinkum" on its own had been used in <a href="/wiki/Derbyshire" title="Derbyshire">Derbyshire</a> and Lincolnshire, meaning "work" or "punishment".<a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a> "Fair dinkum" was first used in England in 1881, and is the equivalent of <a href="/wiki/West_Yorkshire" title="West Yorkshire">West Yorkshire</a> "fair doos". The word "dinkum" is first recorded in Australia in the 1890s.<a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a></li> <li>G'day – a greeting, meaning "good day".<a href="#cite_note-immi-11">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a></li> <li>Manchester (frequently lower-case) – <a href="/wiki/Household_linen" class="mw-redirect" title="Household linen">household linen</a> (sheets, pillow cases etc.), as in "manchester department" of a department store. From "Manchester wares" with exactly the same meaning.<a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/sheila" class="extiw" title="wikt:sheila">Sheila</a> – slang for "woman", derived from the feminine <a href="/wiki/Irish_language" title="Irish language">Irish</a> given name <a href="/wiki/S%C3%ADle" title="Síle">Síle</a> (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style>pronounced <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Irish" title="Help:IPA/Irish">[ˈʃiːlʲə]</a>), commonly anglicised <a href="/wiki/Sheila" title="Sheila">Sheila</a>).</li> <li>Yobbo – an Australian variation on the UK slang <a href="/wiki/Yob_(slang)" title="Yob (slang)">yob</a>, meaning someone who is loud, rude and obnoxious, behaves badly, anti-social, and frequently drunk (and prefixed by "drunken").</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Rhyming_slang">Rhyming slang</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Australian_English_vocabulary&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Rhyming slang">edit</a>]</div> Rhyming slang is more common in older generations though modern examples exist amongst some social groupings. It is similar, and in some cases identical, to <a href="/wiki/Cockney_rhyming_slang" class="mw-redirect" title="Cockney rhyming slang">Cockney rhyming slang</a>, for example plates (of meat) for "feet" and china (plate) for "mate". Some specifically Australian examples are dead horse for "sauce",<a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a> Jack Holt for "salt" (one famous <a href="/wiki/Jack_Holt_(trainer)" title="Jack Holt (trainer)">Jack Holt</a> was a horse trainer, another a boxing promoter), Barry Crocker for "shocker" (<a href="/wiki/Barry_Crocker" title="Barry Crocker">Crocker</a> is a well-known entertainer).<a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a> as well as do a Harold Holt meaning "to do a bolt" (<a href="/wiki/Harold_Holt" title="Harold Holt">Harold Holt</a> being a former Prime Minister who disappeared whilst swimming at sea, giving a double meaning to the term).<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a> Chunder for "vomit" most likely comes from Chunder Loo = "spew" ("Chunder Loo of Akim Foo" was a <a href="/wiki/Norman_Lindsay" title="Norman Lindsay">Norman Lindsay</a> character; "<a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/spew" class="extiw" title="wikt:spew">spew</a>" is synonym for "vomit").<a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a><a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a> See.<a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Diminutives_and_abbreviations">Diminutives and abbreviations</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Australian_English_vocabulary&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Diminutives and abbreviations">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Diminutives_in_Australian_English" title="Diminutives in Australian English">Diminutives in Australian English</a></div>Australian English vocabulary draws heavily on <a href="/wiki/Diminutive" title="Diminutive">diminutives</a> and abbreviations. These may be confusing to foreign speakers when they are used in everyday conversations. There are over 5,000 identified diminutives in use. While other English dialects use diminutives in a similar way, none are so prolific or diverse. A large number of these are widely recognised and used by Australian English speakers. However, many are used only by specific demographic groups or in localised areas. Researchers are now beginning to study what psychological motivations cause Australians to abbreviate so many words.<a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Colloquial_phrases">Colloquial phrases</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Australian_English_vocabulary&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Colloquial phrases">edit</a>]</div> Numerous idiomatic phrases occur in Australian usage, some more historical than contemporary in usage. <a href="/wiki/Send_her_down,_Hughie" class="mw-redirect" title="Send her down, Hughie">Send her down, Hughie</a> is an example of surfie slang. <a href="/wiki/Australian_Football_League" title="Australian Football League">Australian Football League</a> spectators use the term "white maggot" (derived from their formerly white uniforms) towards <a href="/wiki/Umpires" class="mw-redirect" title="Umpires">umpires</a> at games.<a href="#cite_note-whitemaggotdicdef-31">[31]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Alcohol">Alcohol</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Australian_English_vocabulary&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Alcohol">edit</a>]</div> Amber is generic term for any beer (lager/stout/ale) in general, but especially cold and on-tap. Not only has there been a wide variety of measures in which <a href="/wiki/Beer" title="Beer">beer</a> is served in <a href="/wiki/Pub" title="Pub">pubs</a> in Australia, the names of these glasses differ from one area to another. However, the range of glasses has declined greatly in recent years. <table class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto; text-align: center"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="10"><div style="float:right;margin-left:5px;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Aust_Beer_Glass&action=edit">edit</a></div><big>Names of beer glasses in various Australian cities</big><a href="#cite_note-32">[n 1]</a><a href="#cite_note-33">[n 2]</a><a href="#cite_note-34">[n 3]</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th>Capacity<a href="#cite_note-35">[n 4]</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Sydney" title="Sydney">Sydney</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Canberra" title="Canberra">Canberra</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Darwin,_Northern_Territory" title="Darwin, Northern Territory">Darwin</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Brisbane" title="Brisbane">Brisbane</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Adelaide" title="Adelaide">Adelaide</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Hobart" title="Hobart">Hobart</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Melbourne" title="Melbourne">Melbourne</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Perth" title="Perth">Perth</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td>115 ml (4 fl oz)</td> <td>–</td> <td>–</td> <td>–</td> <td>–</td> <td>-</td> <td>small beer</td> <td>foursie</td> <td>shetland </td></tr> <tr> <td>140 ml (5 fl oz)</td> <td>pony</td> <td>–</td> <td>–</td> <td>pony</td> <td>pony</td> <td>–</td> <td>horse/pony</td> <td>pony </td></tr> <tr> <td>170 ml (6 fl oz)</td> <td>–</td> <td>–</td> <td>–</td> <td>–</td> <td>butcher<a href="#cite_note-36">[n 5]</a></td> <td>six (ounce)</td> <td>–</td> <td>bobbie/six </td></tr> <tr> <td>200 ml (7 fl oz)</td> <td>seven</td> <td>–</td> <td>seven</td> <td>beer</td> <td>butcher</td> <td>seven (ounce)</td> <td>glass</td> <td>glass </td></tr> <tr> <td>285 ml (10 fl oz)</td> <td>middy</td> <td>middy / half pint</td> <td>handle</td> <td>pot<a href="#cite_note-37">[n 6]</a></td> <td>schooner<a href="#cite_note-SA-38">[n 7]</a></td> <td>ten (ounce)</td> <td>pot</td> <td>middy / half pint </td></tr> <tr> <td>350 ml (12 fl oz)</td> <td>schmiddy<a href="#cite_note-39">[n 8]</a></td> <td>–</td> <td>–</td> <td>–</td> <td>–</td> <td>–</td> <td>–</td> <td>– </td></tr> <tr> <td>425 ml (15 fl oz)</td> <td>schooner</td> <td>schooner</td> <td>schooner</td> <td>schooner</td> <td>pint<a href="#cite_note-SA-38">[n 7]</a></td> <td>fifteen / schooner</td> <td>schooner</td> <td>schooner<a href="#cite_note-40">[n 9]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>570 ml (20 fl oz)</td> <td>pint</td> <td>pint</td> <td>pint</td> <td>pint</td> <td>imperial pint<a href="#cite_note-SA-38">[n 7]</a></td> <td>pint</td> <td>pint</td> <td>pint </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="9"> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="7" style="text-align:left;">Notes:<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-32"><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a> Entries in bold are common. </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a> Entries in italics are old-fashioned or rare. </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a> Entries marked with a dash are not applicable. </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a> The "fl oz" referred to here is the <a href="/wiki/Imperial_unit" class="mw-redirect" title="Imperial unit">imperial</a> <a href="/wiki/Fluid_ounce" title="Fluid ounce">fluid ounce</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a> Before metrification, the butcher was 6 fl oz. </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a> "Pot" is also known as <a href="/wiki/Pot_glass" title="Pot glass">Pot glass</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-SA-38">^ <a href="#cite_ref-SA_38-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-SA_38-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-SA_38-2">c</a> Confusingly for visitors, South Australians use the same names for different volumes than in the other States. </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a> A modern glass size, mainly used with European beers. While the glass may be 350ml, a 330ml or 300ml <a href="/wiki/Fill_line" title="Fill line">fill line</a> is common. With the increasing popularity of European beers, glasses of size 250ml and 500ml are also becoming more prevalent, but as yet don't seem to have acquired "names". </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a> Traditionally, 425 ml is a size rarely found in Western Australia. </li> </ol></div> </div> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">References:<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239549316"><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ol><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aussiebeerbaron.googlepages.com/beerfaq">The Aussie Beer Baron</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/dna/h2g2/A653339">Buying Beer in Australia</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mhc.wa.gov.au/your-health-and-wellbeing/alcohol/">Guidelines at a glance</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.australianbeers.com/pubs/ordering/ordering.htm">Ordering Beer</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080223140003/http://www.liquormerchants.org.au:80/Q&A.htm">Liquor Merchants Association of Australia</a> (via archive.org)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110927103914/http://www.sceneandheard.ca/article.php?id=55">Which Size Beer Do Ya Want, Mate?</a> (via archive.org)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.brewsnews.com.au/2012/06/take-a-butchers-hook-at-the-butcher-glass/">Take a butcher's hook at the butcher glass</a></li></ol> </div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pre-decimal_currency">Pre-decimal currency</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Australian_English_vocabulary&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Pre-decimal currency">edit</a>]</div> Prior to <a href="/wiki/Decimalization#Australia_and_New_Zealand" class="mw-redirect" title="Decimalization">decimalisation</a>, Australian monetary units closely reflected British usage: four farthings (obsolete by 1945) or two halfpence to a penny; 12 pence to a shilling; 20 shillings to a pound, but terms for the coinage were uniquely Australian, particularly among working-class adult males: "Brown": a penny (1d.); "Tray": threepence (3d.); "Zac": sixpence (6d.); "Bob" or "Deener": a shilling (1s.); "Two bob bit": a florin (2s.) ("Bob" and "Two bob bit" are also British usage.) Slang terms for notes mostly followed British usage: "Ten bob note": ten shillings (10s.); "Quid" (or "fiddly did"): pound note (£1); "Fiver": five pound note (£5); "Tenner" or "Brick": ten pound note (£10). Other terms have been recorded<a href="#cite_note-41">[32]</a> but rarely used outside the racetrack. One confusing matter is that five shillings prior to decimal currency was called a "Dollar", in reference to the Spanish Dollar and "Holey Dollar" which circulated at a value of five shillings, but the <a href="/wiki/Australian_Dollar" class="mw-redirect" title="Australian Dollar">Australian Dollar</a> at the introduction of decimal currency was fixed at 10 shillings. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sport">Sport</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Australian_English_vocabulary&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Sport">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Football">Football</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Australian_English_vocabulary&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Football">edit</a>]</div> Australia has four major codes of football, <a href="/wiki/Rugby_league" title="Rugby league">rugby league</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rugby_union" title="Rugby union">rugby union</a>, <a href="/wiki/Australian_rules_football" title="Australian rules football">Australian rules football</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Association_football" title="Association football">association football</a>. Generally, rugby league is called football in New South Wales and Queensland, while rugby union is called either rugby or union throughout. Both rugby league and rugby union are often collectively referred to as rugby in other states where Australian rules football is called football. Australian rules football is commonly referred to as "Aussie Rules" throughout Australia, but may also in Victoria and South Australia be loosely called "footy" outside the context of the <a href="/wiki/Australian_Football_League" title="Australian Football League">Australian Football League</a>. Association football was long known as "soccer" in Australia and that naming convention still persists among many Australians. In 2005, the governing body changed its name to <a href="/wiki/Football_Federation_Australia" class="mw-redirect" title="Football Federation Australia">Football Federation Australia</a>. Association Football in Australia is called "football'" only when mentioned in conjunction with a specific league, such as the A-League or Premier League, otherwise "football" on its own means either Australian football or rugby on its own depending on the region of Australia. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Horse_racing">Horse racing</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Australian_English_vocabulary&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Horse racing">edit</a>]</div> Bookie is, in Australia as elsewhere, a common term for an on-course bookmaker, but "metallician" was once a (semi-humorous or mock-intellectual) common synonym.<a href="#cite_note-42">[33]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Comparison_with_other_varieties">Comparison with other varieties</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Australian_English_vocabulary&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Comparison with other varieties">edit</a>]</div> Where <a href="/wiki/American_and_British_English_differences" class="mw-redirect" title="American and British English differences">British and American vocabulary differs</a>, Australians sometimes favour a usage different from both varieties, as with footpath (for US sidewalk, UK pavement), capsicum (for US bell pepper, UK green/red pepper), or doona (for US <a href="/wiki/Comforter" title="Comforter">comforter</a>, UK <a href="/wiki/Duvet" title="Duvet">duvet</a>) from a trademarked brand. In other instances, it either shares a term with American English, as with <a href="/wiki/Truck" title="Truck">truck</a> (UK: lorry) or <a href="/wiki/Eggplant" title="Eggplant">eggplant</a> (UK: aubergine), or with British English, as with <a href="/wiki/Mobile_phone" title="Mobile phone">mobile phone</a> (US: cell phone) or <a href="/wiki/Hood_(vehicle)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hood (vehicle)">bonnet</a> (US: hood). Terms shared by British and American English but not so commonly found in Australian English include (Australian usage in bold): abroad (overseas); cooler/ice box (<a href="/wiki/Esky" title="Esky">Esky</a>); flip-flops (<a href="/wiki/Flip-flops" title="Flip-flops">thongs</a>); pickup truck (<a href="/wiki/Ute_(vehicle)" title="Ute (vehicle)">ute</a>); wildfire (<a href="/wiki/Wildfire" title="Wildfire">bushfire</a>). Australian English is particularly divergent from other varieties with respect to geographical terminology, due to the country's unique geography. This is particularly true when comparing with British English, due to that country's dramatically different geography. British geographical terms not in common use in Australia include (Australian usage in bold): coppice (cleared bushland); dell (valley); fen (swamp); heath (shrubland); meadow (grassy plain); moor (swampland); spinney (shrubland); stream (creek); woods (bush) and village (even the smallest settlements in Australia are called towns or stations). In addition, a number of words in Australian English have different meanings from those ascribed in other varieties of English. Clothing-related examples are notable. Pants in Australian English follows American usage in reference to British English trousers but in British English refer to Australian English underpants; vest in Australian English pass also in American refers to British English waistcoat but in British English refers to Australian English singlet. Thong in both American and British English refers to underwear (known in Australia as a <a href="/wiki/G-string" title="G-string">G-string</a>), while in Australian English it refers to British and American English flip-flop (footwear). There are numerous other examples, including <a href="/wiki/Biscuit" title="Biscuit">biscuit</a> which refers in Australian and British English to what in American English is cookie or cracker but to a savoury cake in American English (though cookie is often used for American-styled biscuits such as <a href="/wiki/Chocolate_chip_cookies" class="mw-redirect" title="Chocolate chip cookies">chocolate chip cookies</a>); Asian, which in Australian and American English commonly refers to people of <a href="/wiki/East_Asia" title="East Asia">East Asian</a> heritage, as opposed to British English, in which it commonly refers to people of <a href="/wiki/South_Asia" title="South Asia">South Asian</a> descent; (potato) chips which refers both to British English crisps (which is not used in Australian English) and to American English French fries (which is used alongside hot chips); and <a href="/wiki/Football" title="Football">football</a>, which in Australian English refers to <a href="/wiki/Australian_rules_football" title="Australian rules football">Australian rules football</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rugby_league" title="Rugby league">Rugby league</a> or <a href="/wiki/Rugby_union" title="Rugby union">Rugby union</a> – what British refer to as football is referred to as <a href="/wiki/Soccer" class="mw-redirect" title="Soccer">soccer</a> and what Americans term football is referred to as <a href="/wiki/American_football" title="American football">gridiron</a>. In addition to the large number of uniquely Australian idioms in common use, there are instances of idioms taking differing forms in the various Anglophone nations, for example (Australian usage in bold): Home away from home, take with a grain of salt and wouldn't touch with a ten-foot pole (which in British English take the respective forms home from home, take with a pinch of salt and wouldn't touch with a barge pole), or a drop in the ocean and touch wood (which in American English take the forms a drop in the bucket and knock on wood). <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="British_and_American_English_terms_not_widely_used_in_Australian_English">British and American English terms not widely used in Australian English</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Australian_English_vocabulary&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: British and American English terms not widely used in Australian English">edit</a>]</div> There are extensive terms used in other varieties of English which are not widely used in Australian English. These terms usually do not result in Australian English speakers failing to comprehend speakers of other varieties of English, as Australian English speakers will often be familiar with such terms through exposure to media or may ascertain the meaning using context. Non-exhaustive selections of British English and American English terms not commonly used in Australian English together with their definitions or Australian English equivalents are found in the collapsible table below:<a href="#cite_note-43">[34]</a><a href="#cite_note-44">[35]</a> British English terms not widely used in Australian English<a href="#cite_note-45">[36]</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col"> <ul><li>Allotment (gardening): A <a href="/wiki/Allotment_(gardening)" title="Allotment (gardening)">community garden</a> not connected to a dwelling</li> <li>Artic or articulated lorry (vehicle): Australian English <a href="/wiki/Semi-trailer" title="Semi-trailer">semi-trailer</a>)</li> <li>Aubergine (vegetable): Australian English <a href="/wiki/Eggplant" title="Eggplant">eggplant</a></li> <li>Bank holiday: Australian English public holiday</li> <li>Barmy: Crazy, mad or insane.</li> <li>Bedsit: Australian English studio (apartment)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belisha_beacon" title="Belisha beacon">Belisha beacon</a>: A flashing light atop a pole used to mark a pedestrian crossing</li> <li>Bin lorry: Australian English: <a href="/wiki/Garbage_truck" title="Garbage truck">garbage truck</a>/rubbish truck</li> <li>Bobby: A police officer, particularly one of lower rank</li> <li>Cagoule: A lightweight <a href="/wiki/Raincoat" title="Raincoat">raincoat</a> or windsheeter</li> <li>Candy floss (confectionery): Australian English <a href="/wiki/Cotton_candy" title="Cotton candy">fairy floss</a></li> <li>Cash machine: Australian English automatic teller machine</li> <li>Chav: Lower socio-economic person comparable to Australian English bogan</li> <li>Child-minder: Australian English <a href="/wiki/Babysitter" class="mw-redirect" title="Babysitter">babysitter</a></li> <li>Chivvy: To hurry (somebody) along. Australian English nag</li> <li>Chrimbo: Abbreviation for Christmas comparable to Australian English Chrissy</li> <li>Chuffed: To be proud (especially of oneself)</li> <li>Cleg (insect): Australian English horsefly</li> <li>Clingfilm: A plastic wrap used in food preparation. Australian English Glad wrap/<a href="/wiki/Plastic_wrap" title="Plastic wrap">cling wrap</a></li> <li>Community payback: Australian English <a href="/wiki/Community_service" title="Community service">community service</a></li> <li>Comprehensive school: Australian English state school or public school</li> <li>Cooker: A kitchen appliance. Australian English <a href="/wiki/Stove" title="Stove">stove</a> and/or oven</li> <li>Coppice: An area of cleared woodland</li> <li>Council housing: Australian English public housing</li> <li>Counterpane: A bed covering. Australian English bedspread</li> <li>Courgette: A vegetable. Australian English <a href="/wiki/Zucchini" title="Zucchini">zucchini</a></li> <li>Creche: Australian English <a href="/wiki/Child_care" title="Child care">child care</a> centre</li> <li>(potato) Crisps: Australian English <a href="/wiki/Potato_chips" class="mw-redirect" title="Potato chips">(potato) chips</a></li> <li>Current account: Australian English transaction account</li> <li>Dell: A small secluded hollow or valley</li> <li>Do: Australian English party or social gathering</li> <li>Doddle: An easy task</li> <li>Doss (verb): To spend time idly</li> <li>Drawing pin: Australian English thumb tack</li> <li>Dungarees: Australian English <a href="/wiki/Overalls" title="Overalls">overalls</a></li> <li>Dustbin: Australian English <a href="/wiki/Waste_container" title="Waste container">garbage bin</a>/rubbish bin</li> <li>Dustcart: Australian English <a href="/wiki/Garbage_truck" title="Garbage truck">garbage truck</a>/rubbish truck</li> <li>Duvet: Australian English <a href="/wiki/Duvet" title="Duvet">doona</a></li> <li>Elastoplast or plaster: An adhesive used to cover small wounds. Australian English <a href="/wiki/Adhesive_bandage" title="Adhesive bandage">band-aid</a></li> <li>Electrical lead: Australian English electrical cord</li> <li>Estate car: Australian English <a href="/wiki/Station_wagon" title="Station wagon">station wagon</a></li> <li>Fairy cake: Australian English <a href="/wiki/Cupcake" title="Cupcake">cupcake</a></li> <li>Father Christmas: Australian English <a href="/wiki/Santa_Claus" title="Santa Claus">Santa Claus</a></li> <li>Fen: A low and frequently flooded area of land, similar to Australian English swamp</li> <li>Free phone: Australian English <a href="/wiki/Toll-free_telephone_number" title="Toll-free telephone number">toll-free</a></li> <li>Gammon: Meat from the hind leg of <a href="/wiki/Pork" title="Pork">pork</a>. Australian English makes no distinction between gammon and ham</li> <li>Git: A foolish person. Equivalent to idiot or moron</li> <li>Goose pimples: Australian English <a href="/wiki/Goose_pimples" class="mw-redirect" title="Goose pimples">goose bumps</a></li> <li>Hacked off: To be irritated or upset, often with a person</li> <li>Hairgrip: Australian English hairpin or bobbypin</li> <li>Half-term: Australian English <a href="/wiki/School_holiday" class="mw-redirect" title="School holiday">school holiday</a></li> <li>Haulier: Australian English <a href="/wiki/Hauler" class="mw-redirect" title="Hauler">hauler</a></li> <li>Heath: An area of dry grass or shrubs, similar to Australian English shrubland</li> <li>Hoover(verb): Australian English to <a href="/wiki/Vacuum_cleaner" title="Vacuum cleaner">vacuum</a></li> <li>Horsebox: Australian English <a href="/wiki/Horse_trailer" title="Horse trailer">horse float</a></li> <li>Ice lolly: Australian English <a href="/wiki/Ice_block" class="mw-redirect" title="Ice block">ice block</a> or icy pole</li> <li>Juicy bits: Small pieces of fruit residue found in fruit juice. Australian English <a href="/wiki/Pulp_(juice)" title="Pulp (juice)">pulp</a></li> <li>Kip: To sleep</li> <li>Kitchen roll: Australian English <a href="/wiki/Paper_towel" title="Paper towel">paper towel</a></li> <li>Landslip: Australian English landslide</li> <li>Lavatory: Australian English toilet (lavatory is used in Australian English for toilets on aeroplanes)</li> <li>Lido: A public swimming pool</li> <li>Lorry: Australian English truck</li> <li>Loudhailer: Australian English megaphone</li> <li>Mackintosh or mac: Australian English <a href="/wiki/Raincoat" title="Raincoat">raincoat</a></li> <li>Mangetout: Australian English <a href="/wiki/Snow_pea" title="Snow pea">snow pea</a></li> <li>Marrow: Australian English <a href="/wiki/Cucurbita" title="Cucurbita">squash</a></li> <li>Minidish: A <a href="/wiki/Satellite_dish" title="Satellite dish">satellite dish</a> for domestic (especially television) use</li> <li>Moggie: A <a href="/wiki/Domestic_short-haired_cat" class="mw-redirect" title="Domestic short-haired cat">domestic short-haired cat</a></li> <li>Moor: A low area prone to flooding, similar to Australian English swampland</li> <li>Nettled: Irritated (especially with somebody)</li> <li>Nosh: A meal or spread of food</li> <li>Off-licence: Australian English <a href="/wiki/Liquor_store" title="Liquor store">bottle shop</a>/Bottle-o</li> <li>Pak choi: Australian English <a href="/wiki/Bok_choy" title="Bok choy">bok choy</a></li> <li>Pavement: Australian English <a href="/wiki/Footpath" title="Footpath">footpath</a></li> <li>Pelican crossing: Australian English pedestrian crossing or zebra crossing</li> <li>Peaky: Unwell or sickly</li> <li>(red or green) Pepper (vegetable): Australian English <a href="/wiki/Capsicum" title="Capsicum">capsicum</a></li> <li>People carrier (vehicle): Australian English <a href="/wiki/Minivan" title="Minivan">people mover</a></li> <li>Pikey: An itinerant person. Similar to Australian English tramp</li> <li>Pillar box: Australian English <a href="/wiki/Post_box" title="Post box">post box</a></li> <li>Pillock: A mildly offensive term for a foolish or obnoxious person, similar to idiot or moron. Also refers to male genetalia</li> <li>Plimsoll (footwear): Australian English <a href="/wiki/Plimsoll_shoe" class="mw-redirect" title="Plimsoll shoe">sandshoe</a></li> <li>Pneumatic drill: Australian English <a href="/wiki/Jackhammer" title="Jackhammer">jackhammer</a></li> <li>Polo neck (garment): Australian English <a href="/wiki/Polo_neck" title="Polo neck">skivvy</a></li> <li>Poorly: Unwell or sick</li> <li>Press-up (exercise): Australian English <a href="/wiki/Push-up" title="Push-up">push-up</a></li> <li>Pushchair: A wheeled cart for pushing a baby. Australian English: <a href="/wiki/Stroller" class="mw-redirect" title="Stroller">stroller</a> or pram</li> <li>Pusher: A wheeled cart for pushing a baby. Australian English: <a href="/wiki/Stroller" class="mw-redirect" title="Stroller">stroller</a> or pram</li> <li>Rodgering: A mildly offensive term for sexual intercourse, similar to Australian English rooting</li> <li>Saloon (car): Australian English sedan</li> <li>Scratchings (food): Solid material left after rendering animal (especially pork) fat. Australian English <a href="/wiki/Cracklings" title="Cracklings">crackling</a></li> <li>Sellotape: Australian English sticky tape</li> <li>Shan't: Australian English will not</li> <li>Skive (verb): To play truant, particularly from an educational institution. Australian English to <a href="/wiki/Truancy" title="Truancy">wag</a></li> <li>Sleeping policeman: Australian English speed hump or speed bump</li> <li>Snog (verb): To kiss passionately, equivalent to Australian English pash</li> <li>Sod: A mildly offensive term for an unpleasant person</li> <li>Spinney: A small area of trees and bushes</li> <li>Strimmer: Australian English whipper snipper or <a href="/wiki/String_trimmer" title="String trimmer">line trimmer</a></li> <li>Swan (verb): To move from one place to another ostentatiously</li> <li>Sweets: Australian English <a href="/wiki/Candy" title="Candy">lollies</a></li> <li>Tailback: A long queue of stationary or slow-moving traffic</li> <li>Tangerine: Australian English <a href="/wiki/Mandarin_orange" title="Mandarin orange">mandarin</a></li> <li>Tipp-Ex: Australian English white out or liquid paper</li> <li>Trainers: Athletic footwear. Australian English runners or sneakers</li> <li>Turning (noun): Where one road branches from another. Australian English turn</li> <li>Utility room: A room containing washing or other home appliances, similar to Australian English <a href="/wiki/Laundry_room" title="Laundry room">laundry</a></li> <li>Value-added tax (VAT): Australian English <a href="/wiki/Sales_tax" title="Sales tax">goods and services tax (GST)</a></li> <li>Wellington boots: Australian English <a href="/wiki/Wellington_boot" title="Wellington boot">gumboots</a></li> <li>White spirit: Australian English <a href="/wiki/White_spirit" title="White spirit">turpentine</a></li></ul> </div> American English terms not widely used in Australian English<a href="#cite_note-46">[37]</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col"> <ul><li>Acclimate: Australian English acclimatise</li> <li>Airplane: Australian English aeroplane</li> <li>Aluminum: Australian English aluminium</li> <li>Baby carriage: Australian English stroller or pram</li> <li>Bangs: A hair style. Australian English fringe</li> <li>Baseboard (architecture): Australian English skirting board</li> <li>Bayou: Australian English swamp/billabong</li> <li>Bell pepper: Australian English <a href="/wiki/Capsicum" title="Capsicum">capsicum</a></li> <li>Bellhop: Australian English hotel porter</li> <li>Beltway: Australian English <a href="/wiki/Beltway" class="mw-redirect" title="Beltway">ring road</a></li> <li>Boondocks: An isolated, rural area. Australian English the sticks or Woop Woop or Beyond the black stump</li> <li>Broil (cooking technique): Australian English <a href="/wiki/Grilling" title="Grilling">grill</a></li> <li>Bullhorn: Australian English megaphone</li> <li>Burglarize: Australian English burgle</li> <li>Busboy: A subclass of (restaurant) waiter</li> <li>Candy: Australian English <a href="/wiki/Candy" title="Candy">lollies</a></li> <li>Cellular phone: Australian English mobile phone</li> <li>Check: (To mean a restaurant bill). Australian English bill</li> <li>Cilantro: Australian English <a href="/wiki/Coriander" title="Coriander">coriander</a></li> <li>Comforter: Australian English <a href="/wiki/Duvet" title="Duvet">doona</a></li> <li>Condominium: Australian English apartment</li> <li>Counter-clockwise: Australian English anticlockwise</li> <li>Coveralls: Australian English <a href="/wiki/Overall" class="mw-redirect" title="Overall">overalls</a></li> <li>Crapshoot: A risky venture</li> <li>Diaper: Australian English nappy</li> <li>Downtown: Australian English central business district</li> <li>Drapes: Australian English curtains</li> <li>Drugstore: Australian English <a href="/wiki/Pharmacy" title="Pharmacy">pharmacy</a> or chemist</li> <li>Drywall: Australian English plasterboard</li> <li>Dumpster: Australian English <a href="/wiki/Dumpster" title="Dumpster">skip bin</a></li> <li>Dweeb: Australian English nerd</li> <li>Eraser: Australian English rubber</li> <li>Fall (season): Australian English autumn</li> <li>Fanny pack: Australian English <a href="/wiki/Fanny_pack" title="Fanny pack">bum bag</a></li> <li>Faucet: Australian English tap</li> <li>Flashlight: Australian English <a href="/wiki/Flashlight" title="Flashlight">torch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freshman" title="Freshman">Freshman</a>: A first year student at a highschool or university</li> <li>Frosting (cookery): Australian English icing</li> <li>Gasoline: Australian English petrol</li> <li>Gas pedal: Australian English <a href="/wiki/Car_controls#Throttle_control" title="Car controls">accelerator</a></li> <li>Gas Station: Australian English service station or petrol station</li> <li>Glove compartment: Australian English <a href="/wiki/Glove_compartment" title="Glove compartment">glovebox</a></li> <li>Golden raisin: Australian English <a href="/wiki/Sultana_(grape)" title="Sultana (grape)">sultana</a></li> <li>Grifter: Australian English <a href="/wiki/Con_artist" class="mw-redirect" title="Con artist">con artist</a></li> <li>Ground beef: Australian English <a href="/wiki/Minced_beef" class="mw-redirect" title="Minced beef">minced beef</a> or mince</li> <li>Hood (vehicle): Australian English bonnet</li> <li>Hot tub: Australian English <a href="/wiki/Hot_tub" title="Hot tub">spa</a> or spa bath</li> <li>Jell-o: Australian English jelly</li> <li>Ladybug: Australian English ladybird</li> <li>Mail-man: Australian English postman or postie</li> <li>Mass transit: Australian English public transport</li> <li>Math: Australian English maths</li> <li>Mineral spirits: Australian English <a href="/wiki/White_spirit" title="White spirit">turpentine</a></li> <li>Nightstand: Australian English bedside table</li> <li>Obligated: Australian English obliged</li> <li>Out-of-state: Australian English interstate</li> <li>Pacifier: Australian English dummy</li> <li>Parking lot: Australian English <a href="/wiki/Parking_lot" title="Parking lot">car park</a></li> <li>Penitentiary: Australian English prison or jail</li> <li>Period(punctuation): Australian English full stop</li> <li>Play hooky (verb): To play truant from an educational institution. Equivalent to Australian English (to) wag</li> <li>Popsicle: Australian English <a href="/wiki/Ice_block" class="mw-redirect" title="Ice block">ice block</a> or icy pole</li> <li>Railroad: Australian English railway</li> <li>Railroad ties: Australian English Railway sleepers</li> <li>Rappel: Australian English <a href="/wiki/Abseil" class="mw-redirect" title="Abseil">abseil</a></li> <li>Realtor: Australian English <a href="/wiki/Estate_agent" title="Estate agent">real estate agent</a></li> <li>Root (sport): To enthusiastically support a sporting team. Equivalent to Australian English barrack</li> <li>Row house: Australian English <a href="/wiki/Terraced_house" title="Terraced house">terrace house</a></li> <li>Sales tax: Australian English <a href="/wiki/Sales_tax" title="Sales tax">goods and services tax (GST)</a></li> <li>Saran wrap: Australian English <a href="/wiki/Glad_wrap" class="mw-redirect" title="Glad wrap">plastic wrap</a> or cling wrap</li> <li>Scad: Australian English a large quantity</li> <li>Scallion: Australian English spring onion</li> <li>Sharpie (pen): Australian English permanent marker or texta or felt pen</li> <li>Shopping cart: Australian English shopping trolley</li> <li>Sidewalk: Australian English footpath</li> <li>Silverware or flatware: Australian English <a href="/wiki/Cutlery" title="Cutlery">cutlery</a></li> <li>Soda pop: Australian English soft drink</li> <li>Streetcar: Australian English tram</li> <li>Sweater: Garment. Australian English jumper</li> <li>Sweatpants: Australian English <a href="/wiki/Sweatpants" title="Sweatpants">tracksuit pants</a>/trackies</li> <li>Tailpipe: Australian English <a href="/wiki/Exhaust_pipe" class="mw-redirect" title="Exhaust pipe">exhaust pipe</a></li> <li>Takeout: Australian English takeaway</li> <li>Trash can: Australian English <a href="/wiki/Waste_container" title="Waste container">garbage bin</a> or rubbish bin</li> <li>Trunk (vehicle): Australian English boot</li> <li>Turn signal: Australian English indicator</li> <li>Turtleneck: Australian English <a href="/wiki/Polo_neck" title="Polo neck">skivvy</a></li> <li>Upscale and downscale: Australian English upmarket and downmarket</li> <li>Vacation: Australian English holiday</li> <li>Windshield: Australian English <a href="/wiki/Windshield" title="Windshield">windscreen</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Australian_English_vocabulary&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australian_English" title="Australian English">Australian English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australian_comedy" title="Australian comedy">Australian comedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diminutives_in_Australian_English" title="Diminutives in Australian English">Diminutives in Australian English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_English_words_of_Australian_Aboriginal_origin" title="List of English words of Australian Aboriginal origin">List of English words of Australian Aboriginal origin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Australian_place_names_of_Aboriginal_origin" title="List of Australian place names of Aboriginal origin">List of Australian place names of Aboriginal origin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Australian_plants_termed_%22native%22" title="List of Australian plants termed "native"">List of Australian plants termed "native"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strine" title="Strine">Strine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Australia" title="Languages of Australia">Languages of Australia</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Australian_English_vocabulary&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Notes">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output 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Retrieved 12 January 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+story+of+%27dinkum%27&rft.date=2014-11-14&rft.aulast=Moore&rft.aufirst=Bruce&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fozwords.org%2F%3Fp%3D6840&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAustralian+English+vocabulary" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://slll.cass.anu.edu.au/centres/andc/meanings-origins/d">School of Literature, Languages and Linguistics</a> – Meanings and origins of Australian words and idioms </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/words/australian_british_english.htm">"Australian English – British English"</a>. Retrieved 26 September 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Australian+English+%E2%80%93+British+English&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.englisch-hilfen.de%2Fen%2Fwords%2Faustralian_british_english.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAustralian+English+vocabulary" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">The Australian National Dictionary. Oxford University Press. 1988. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0195547365" title="Special:BookSources/0195547365"><bdi>0195547365</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Australian+National+Dictionary&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1988&rft.isbn=0195547365&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAustralian+English+vocabulary" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article130807689">"The Cockneys Started It"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_News_(Adelaide)" title="The News (Adelaide)">The News</a>. Vol. 59, no. 9, 024. South Australia. 11 July 1952. p. 13. Retrieved 28 October 2017 – via National Library of Australia.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+News&rft.atitle=The+Cockneys+Started+It&rft.volume=59&rft.issue=9%2C+024&rft.pages=13&rft.date=1952-07-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnla.gov.au%2Fnla.news-article130807689&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAustralian+English+vocabulary" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110409200400/http://andc.anu.edu.au/sites/default/files/ozwords_oct05.pdf">"OzWords: When People Become Words"</a> (PDF). Australian National Dictionary Centre, <a href="/wiki/Australian_National_University" title="Australian National University">Australian National University</a>. October 2005. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://andc.anu.edu.au/sites/default/files/ozwords_oct05.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 9 April 2011. Retrieved 20 February 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=OzWords%3A+When+People+Become+Words&rft.pub=Australian+National+Dictionary+Centre%2C+Australian+National+University&rft.date=2005-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fandc.anu.edu.au%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Fozwords_oct05.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAustralian+English+vocabulary" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a> Lambert, James (2004) The Macquarie Australian Slang Dictionary, p. 69 (Macquarie Library: Sydney) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-876429-52-6" title="Special:BookSources/1-876429-52-6">1-876429-52-6</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/Shorter_Oxford_English_Dictionary" title="Shorter Oxford English Dictionary">Shorter Oxford English Dictionary</a> (6th ed.), Oxford University Press, 2007, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-920687-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-920687-2"><bdi>978-0-19-920687-2</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Shorter+Oxford+English+Dictionary&rft.edition=6th&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-19-920687-2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAustralian+English+vocabulary" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFrederick_Ludowyk" class="citation web cs1">Frederick Ludowyk. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://andc.anu.edu.au/pubs/ozwords/June2002/Aussiewords.html">"Aussie words: chunder"</a>. 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Retrieved 14 September 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Aussie+words%3A+chunder&rft.pub=National+Dictionary+Centre&rft.au=Frederick+Ludowyk&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fandc.anu.edu.au%2Fpubs%2Fozwords%2FJune2002%2FAussiewords.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAustralian+English+vocabulary" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Australian_English_rhyming_slang">"Appendix:Australian English rhyming slang"</a>. en.wiktionary.org.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=en.wiktionary.org&rft.atitle=Appendix%3AAustralian+English+rhyming+slang&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wiktionary.org%2Fwiki%2FAppendix%3AAustralian_English_rhyming_slang&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAustralian+English+vocabulary" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.australiangeographic.com.au/news/2010/08/why-we-shorten-barbie,-footy-and-arvo/">Why we shorten words</a>, Australian Geographic, 2 August 2010 </li> <li id="cite_note-whitemaggotdicdef-31"><a href="#cite_ref-whitemaggotdicdef_31-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.allwords.com/word-white+maggot.html">"Definition of white maggot"</a>. AllWords.com. Retrieved 19 July 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Definition+of+white+maggot&rft.pub=AllWords.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.allwords.com%2Fword-white%2Bmaggot.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAustralian+English+vocabulary" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article133189353">"What's the Reason for this Rhyme?"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Newcastle_Morning_Herald_and_Miners%27_Advocate" class="mw-redirect" title="Newcastle Morning Herald and Miners' Advocate">Newcastle Morning Herald and Miners' Advocate</a>. No. 23, 640. New South Wales, Australia. 12 July 1952. p. 5. Retrieved 28 October 2017 – via National Library of Australia.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Newcastle+Morning+Herald+and+Miners%27+Advocate&rft.atitle=What%27s+the+Reason+for+this+Rhyme%3F&rft.issue=23%2C+640&rft.pages=5&rft.date=1952-07-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnla.gov.au%2Fnla.news-article133189353&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAustralian+English+vocabulary" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article166882905">"How a Metallician Saved a "Motza""</a>. <a href="/wiki/Sydney_Sportsman" title="Sydney Sportsman">Sydney Sportsman</a>. No. 1878. New South Wales, Australia. 22 June 1935. p. 1. Retrieved 24 February 2019 – via National Library of Australia.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sydney+Sportsman&rft.atitle=How+a+Metallician+Saved+a+%22Motza%22&rft.issue=1878&rft.pages=1&rft.date=1935-06-22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnla.gov.au%2Fnla.news-article166882905&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAustralian+English+vocabulary" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a> "The Macquarie Dictionary", Fourth Edition. The Macquarie Library Pty Ltd, 2005. Note: Entries with Chiefly British usage note in the Macquarie Dictionary and reference to corresponding Australian entry. </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a> The Macquarie Dictionary, Fourth Edition. The Macquarie Library Pty Ltd, 2005. Note: Entries with Chiefly US usage note in the Macquarie Dictionary and reference to corresponding Australian entry. </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a> "The Macquarie Dictionary", Fourth Edition. The Macquarie Library Pty Ltd, 2005. Note: Entries with Chiefly British usage note in the Macquarie Dictionary and reference to corresponding Australian entry. </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a> The Macquarie Dictionary, Fourth Edition. The Macquarie Library Pty Ltd, 2005. Note: Entries with Chiefly US usage note in the Macquarie Dictionary and reference to corresponding Australian entry. </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Australian_English_vocabulary&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Further reading">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>Hornadge, Bill.(1989) The Australian slanguage: a look at what we say and how we say it (foreword by <a href="/wiki/Spike_Milligan" title="Spike Milligan">Spike Milligan</a>). Richmond, Vic: Mandarin <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-86330-010-4" title="Special:BookSources/1-86330-010-4">1-86330-010-4</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Australian_English_vocabulary&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/40px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/60px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/80px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Look up <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Australian_English_vocabulary" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:Appendix:Australian English vocabulary">Appendix:Australian English vocabulary</a> in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://alanwood.id.au/aussie-english/">Aussie English, The Illustrated Dictionary of Australian English</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.macquariedictionary.com.au/">Macquarie Dictionary</a></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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