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tag-chemistry-and-biology tag-chemistry-resource tag-compounds tag-computer-technology tag-engineers-in-biology tag-future-tech tag-future-technology tag-innovative-tech tag-innovative-technology tag-medical-technology tag-new-tech tag-new-technology tag-omnidirectional-bioprinting-in-cell-suspensions tag-ossification tag-printing-bone tag-printing-on-bone tag-printing-parts-of-the-body tag-tech-in-medicine tag-technological-advancement-in-science tag-technological-advancements tag-technology tag-technology-advance tag-technology-careers tag-technology-in-medicine tag-technology-in-research tag-the-future-of-technology tag-working-in-chemistry tag-year-8 edu_year-year-8 edu_type-article edu_subject-biological-sciences edu_subject-chemical-sciences edu_subject-health-medical-sciences edu_subject-stem-in-action"> <header class="riaus"> <div class="riaus__breadcrumbs"> <a class="riaus__breadcrumbs__title brand-color">Resources</a> <div class="listing__terms"> <a href = "https://education.cosmosmagazine.com/resources/article/" class="listing__term ">Article</a> </div> </div> <div class="riaus__header"> <div class="riaus__wrapper"> <h1 class="entry-title" itemprop="name headline"> Good as bone </h1> <div class="riaus__terms grid"> <div> <h3>Years</h3> <span> 8 </span> </div> <div class="subjects-topics"> <h3>Subjects/Topics:</h3> <div class="listing__terms__bg"> <a href = "https://education.cosmosmagazine.com/subjects/biological-sciences/" class="listing__term__bg biological-sciences-bg-color">Biological Sciences</a><a href = "https://education.cosmosmagazine.com/subjects/chemical-sciences/" class="listing__term__bg chemical-sciences-bg-color">Chemical Sciences</a><a href = "https://education.cosmosmagazine.com/subjects/health-medical-sciences/" class="listing__term__bg health-medical-sciences-bg-color">Health & Medical Sciences</a><a href = "https://education.cosmosmagazine.com/subjects/stem-in-action/" class="listing__term__bg stem-in-action-bg-color">STEM in Action</a><a href = "https://education.cosmosmagazine.com/category/stem-in-action/" class="listing__term__bg stem-in-action-bg-color">STEM in Action</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="dialog-container"> <dialog class="favDialog"> <div class="favDialog__body"> <p>Please login to favourite this article.</p> </div> <div class="favDialog__footer"> <button class="button closeDialog">Close</button> <button class="button loginUrl">Login</button> </div> </dialog> <button class="showDialog"> <i class="icon-bookmark"></i> </button> </div></div> </header> <div class="entry-content riaus__article-body" itemprop="articleBody"> <div class="wpb-content-wrapper"><div class="vc_row wpb_row vc_row-fluid"><div class="wpb_column vc_column_container vc_col-sm-10"><div class="vc_column-inner"><div class="wpb_wrapper"><div class="vc_separator wpb_content_element vc_separator_align_center vc_sep_width_100 vc_sep_pos_align_center vc_separator_no_text vc_sep_color_white" ><span class="vc_sep_holder vc_sep_holder_l"><span class="vc_sep_line"></span></span><span class="vc_sep_holder vc_sep_holder_r"><span class="vc_sep_line"></span></span> </div> <div class="wpb_text_column wpb_content_element " > <div class="wpb_wrapper"> <p><strong>Australian researchers take 3D printing to the next level with material that mimics bone tissue.</strong></p> <p>This resource is best suited to Year 8 Biology and Chemistry students who are learning about cells and compounds. It is an excellent example of how technology is being developed and refined for uses in medicine.</p> <p>Word Count: 516</p> </div> </div> <div class="wpb_text_column wpb_content_element " > <div class="wpb_wrapper"> <figure id="attachment_12400" class="thumbnail wp-caption alignnone" style="width: 850px"><img fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" class="size-full wp-image-12400" src="https://education.cosmosmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/210122_bonePrinting.jpg?x50614" alt="" width="850" height="477" srcset="https://education.cosmosmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/210122_bonePrinting.jpg 850w, https://education.cosmosmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/210122_bonePrinting-300x168.jpg 300w, https://education.cosmosmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/210122_bonePrinting-768x431.jpg 768w" sizes="(max-width: 850px) 100vw, 850px" /><figcaption class="caption wp-caption-text">Credit: UNSW Sydney</figcaption></figure> </div> </div> <div class="wpb_text_column wpb_content_element " > <div class="wpb_wrapper"> <p><strong>Australian scientists have 3D-printed</strong> bone-like structures containing living cells, which may create a whole new way for surgeons to treat and repair bone tissue.</p> </div> </div> <div class="wpb_text_column wpb_content_element " > <div class="wpb_wrapper"> <p>The <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202008216" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">new study</a>, published in <em>Advanced Functional Materials</em>, describes a unique 3D printing technique. It uses a special ceramic-based ink to produce a soft structure that closely mimics bone tissue – and when placed in water or exposed to body fluids, it hardens within minutes.</p> </div> </div> <div class="wpb_text_column wpb_content_element " > <div class="wpb_wrapper"> <p>While other bone-mimicking structures have previously been 3D printed, this is the first time that such a material has been created at room temperature without the use of harsh chemicals or radiation. It also incorporates living tissue into the structure and is portable.</p> </div> </div> <div class="wpb_text_column wpb_content_element " > <div class="wpb_wrapper"> <p>Co-lead researcher <a href="https://www.chemistry.unsw.edu.au/staff/kristopher-kilian" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Kristopher Kilian</a>, from the <a href="https://www.unsw.edu.au/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">University of New South Wales</a> (UNSW), explains that until now, fabricating a piece of bone-like material was an involved process requiring high-temperature furnaces and toxic chemicals in a laboratory setting. Living tissue was added later, when the replacement piece was taken into a clinical setting.</p> </div> </div> <div class="wpb_text_column wpb_content_element " > <div class="wpb_wrapper"> <p>“The cool thing about our technique is you can just extrude it directly into a place where there are cells, like a cavity in a patient’s bone,” Kilian says. “We can go directly into the bone where there are cells, blood vessels and fat, and print a bone-like structure that already contains living cells, right in that area.”</p> </div> </div> <div class="wpb_text_column wpb_content_element " > <div class="wpb_wrapper"> <p>This is currently the only technology that can directly achieve this.</p> </div> </div> <div class="wpb_text_column wpb_content_element " > <div class="wpb_wrapper"> <p>The technique is known as ceramic omnidirectional bioprinting in cell-suspensions (COBICS). It mimics the natural bone formation process – called ossification – in which specialised connective tissues secrete a gelatinous substance called osteoid. Inorganic salts are then deposited on it to form hard, mineralised bone.</p> </div> </div> <div class="wpb_text_column wpb_content_element " > <div class="wpb_wrapper"> <div class="flexible-content has-featured-image " data-featured-image="210122_bonePrinting.jpg"> <div class="copy"> <p>The fabrication process uses ink made up of calcium phosphate that transforms into a structure chemically similar to bone-building blocks – a microgel matrix with living cells – which then “sets” by crystallising in aqueous environments.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vc_separator wpb_content_element vc_separator_align_center vc_sep_width_100 vc_sep_pos_align_center vc_separator_no_text vc_sep_color_grey" ><span class="vc_sep_holder vc_sep_holder_l"><span class="vc_sep_line"></span></span><span class="vc_sep_holder vc_sep_holder_r"><span class="vc_sep_line"></span></span> </div> <div class="wpb_text_column wpb_content_element " > <div class="wpb_wrapper"> <h3>More: <a href="https://education.cosmosmagazine.com/a-new-approach-to-3d-printing-human-organs/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">A new approach to 3D printing human organs</a></h3> </div> </div> <div class="vc_separator wpb_content_element vc_separator_align_center vc_sep_width_100 vc_sep_pos_align_center vc_separator_no_text vc_sep_color_grey" ><span class="vc_sep_holder vc_sep_holder_l"><span class="vc_sep_line"></span></span><span class="vc_sep_holder vc_sep_holder_r"><span class="vc_sep_line"></span></span> </div> <div class="wpb_text_column wpb_content_element " > <div class="wpb_wrapper"> <p>“The ink is formulated in such a way that the conversion is quick, non-toxic in a biological environment and it only initiates when ink is exposed to the body fluids, providing an ample working time for the end-user, for example, surgeons,” explains Iman Roohani, the other lead researcher also from UNSW.</p> </div> </div> <div class="wpb_text_column wpb_content_element " > <div class="wpb_wrapper"> <p>Roohani foresees “clinical applications where there is a large demand for in-situ repair of bone defects such as those caused by trauma, cancer, or where a big chunk of tissue is resected”.</p> </div> </div> <div class="wpb_text_column wpb_content_element " > <div class="wpb_wrapper"> <p>Surgeons of the future may even have 3D printers in the operating theatre.</p> </div> </div> <div class="wpb_text_column wpb_content_element " > <div class="wpb_wrapper"> <p>“This advance really paves the way for numerous opportunities that we believe could prove transformational – from using the ink to create bone in the lab for disease modelling, as a bioactive material for dental restoration, to direct bone reconstruction in a patient,” says Kilian.</p> </div> </div> <div class="wpb_text_column wpb_content_element " > <div class="wpb_wrapper"> <p>“I imagine a day where a patient needing a bone graft can walk into a clinic where the anatomical structure of their bone is imaged, translated to a 3D printer, and directly printed into the cavity with their own cells.”</p> </div> </div> <div class="wpb_text_column wpb_content_element " > <div class="wpb_wrapper"> <p>The next step is to perform in vivo tests in animal models, to see whether the living cells in the printed structure continue to grow after being implanted.</p> </div> </div> <div class="wpb_text_column wpb_content_element " > <div class="wpb_wrapper"> <p><em><strong>This article is republished from <a href="https://cosmosmagazine.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Cosmos</a>.</strong> Read the <a href="https://cosmosmagazine.com/technology/materials/good-as-bone/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">original article</a>.</em></p> </div> </div> <div class="vc_separator wpb_content_element vc_separator_align_center vc_sep_width_100 vc_sep_pos_align_center vc_separator_no_text vc_sep_color_grey" ><span class="vc_sep_holder vc_sep_holder_l"><span 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wpb_content_element " > <div class="wpb_wrapper"> <h3>Years: 8</h3> </div> </div> <div class="vc_separator wpb_content_element vc_separator_align_center vc_sep_width_100 vc_sep_pos_align_center vc_separator_no_text vc_sep_color_grey" ><span class="vc_sep_holder vc_sep_holder_l"><span class="vc_sep_line"></span></span><span class="vc_sep_holder vc_sep_holder_r"><span class="vc_sep_line"></span></span> </div> <div class="wpb_text_column wpb_content_element " > <div class="wpb_wrapper"> <h3>Topics:</h3> <h3><span style="color: #006937;">Biological Sciences: Cells</span></h3> <h3><span style="color: #f26926;">Chemical Sciences: Atoms</span></h3> <h3>Additional: Careers, Technology.</h3> </div> </div> <div class="wpb_text_column wpb_content_element " > <div class="wpb_wrapper"> <h3>Concepts (South Australia):</h3> <h3><span style="color: #006937;">Biological Sciences: Form and Function</span></h3> <h3><span style="color: #f26926;">Chemical Sciences: Change of Matter</span></h3> </div> 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noreferrer"><span style="color: #28aae1;">‘Ghost imaging’ could lead to safer and cheaper 3D X-rays</span></a></h3> </div> </div> </div></div></div></div> </div> </div> <div class="riaus__article-years"> <h3>Years:</h3> <div> 8 </div> </div> <footer class="single-footer"> <div class="kad-post-navigation clearfix"> <div class="alignleft kad-previous-link"> <a href="https://education.cosmosmagazine.com/power-hiking-backpack/" rel="prev">Previous</a> </div> <div class="alignright kad-next-link"> <a href="https://education.cosmosmagazine.com/what-happens-when-the-earths-magnetic-field-breaks-down/" rel="next">Next</a> </div> </div>  </footer> </article> <div id="blog_carousel_container" class="carousel_outerrim"> <h3 class="title">Recent Resources</h3> <div class="blog-carouselcase fredcarousel"> <div id="carouselcontainer-blog" class="rowtight fadein-carousel recent-resources-carousel"> <div id="blog_carousel" class="blog_carousel slick-slider kt-slickslider kt-content-carousel loading 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Here’s how." class="listing__image__item"> </a> </div> <div class="listing__content"> <div class="listing__content__top"> <div class="listing__terms__wrapper"> <div class="listing__terms"><a href = "https://education.cosmosmagazine.com/resources/student-activity/" class="listing__term ">Student Activity</a>, <a href = "https://education.cosmosmagazine.com/resources/article/" class="listing__term ">Article</a> & <a href = "https://education.cosmosmagazine.com/resources/citizen-science/" class="listing__term ">Citizen Science</a></div> <div class="dialog-container"> <dialog class="favDialog"> <div class="favDialog__body"> <p>Please login to favourite this article.</p> </div> <div class="favDialog__footer"> <button class="button closeDialog">Close</button> <button class="button loginUrl">Login</button> </div> </dialog> <button class="showDialog"> <i class="icon-bookmark"></i> </button> </div> </div> <h2 class="listing__title"><a href="https://education.cosmosmagazine.com/citizen-science-projects-australia-spring-2022/">Australians are helping scientists get vital data this spring. Here's how.</a></h2> </div> <div class="listing__content__bottom"> <div class="listing__terms__bg"><a href = "https://education.cosmosmagazine.com/subjects/stem/" class="listing__term__bg stem-bg-color">STEM</a><a href = "https://education.cosmosmagazine.com/subjects/biological-sciences/" class="listing__term__bg biological-sciences-bg-color">Biological Sciences</a><a href = "https://education.cosmosmagazine.com/subjects/earth-sciences/" class="listing__term__bg earth-sciences-bg-color">Earth Sciences</a><a href = "https://education.cosmosmagazine.com/subjects/technology/" class="listing__term__bg technology-bg-color">Technology</a></div> <div class="listing__summary"> <a href="https://education.cosmosmagazine.com/citizen-science-projects-australia-spring-2022/"> <p>Using smartphone and web-based apps, the public are spotting the country’s rarely seen animals.</p> </a> </div> <div class="listing__years">Years F-12</div> </div> </div> </article>  </li>  </div> <div class="tcol-md-4 tcol-sm-4 tcol-xs-6 tcol-ss-12"> <li class="listing__item"> <article class="listing__item__wrapper" id="post-18161" itemscope="" itemtype="https://schema.org/BlogPosting"> <div class="listing__image"> <a href="https://education.cosmosmagazine.com/get-ready-now-for-the-2022-great-southern-bioblitz/"> <img src="https://education.cosmosmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/gsb-header-image-1200-1-e1666051563267.jpg?x50614" alt="Get ready now for the 2022 Great Southern BioBlitz!" class="listing__image__item"> </a> </div> <div class="listing__content"> <div class="listing__content__top"> <div class="listing__terms__wrapper"> <div class="listing__terms"><a href = "https://education.cosmosmagazine.com/resources/student-activity/" class="listing__term ">Student Activity</a> & <a href = "https://education.cosmosmagazine.com/resources/article/" class="listing__term ">Article</a></div> <div class="dialog-container"> <dialog class="favDialog"> <div class="favDialog__body"> <p>Please login to favourite this article.</p> </div> <div class="favDialog__footer"> <button class="button closeDialog">Close</button> <button class="button loginUrl">Login</button> </div> </dialog> <button class="showDialog"> <i class="icon-bookmark"></i> </button> </div> </div> <h2 class="listing__title"><a href="https://education.cosmosmagazine.com/get-ready-now-for-the-2022-great-southern-bioblitz/">Get ready now for the 2022 Great Southern BioBlitz!</a></h2> </div> <div class="listing__content__bottom"> <div class="listing__terms__bg"><a href = "https://education.cosmosmagazine.com/subjects/biological-sciences/" class="listing__term__bg biological-sciences-bg-color">Biological Sciences</a><a href = "https://education.cosmosmagazine.com/subjects/stem/" class="listing__term__bg stem-bg-color">STEM</a><a href = "https://education.cosmosmagazine.com/subjects/technology/" class="listing__term__bg technology-bg-color">Technology</a></div> <div class="listing__summary"> <a href="https://education.cosmosmagazine.com/get-ready-now-for-the-2022-great-southern-bioblitz/"> <p>Citizen science is raising awareness about biodiversity on 28-31 October 2022. The ‘Great Southern BioBlitz’, or ‘GSB’ for short, is...</p> </a> </div> <div class="listing__years">Years F-12</div> </div> </div> </article>  </li>  </div> <div class="tcol-md-4 tcol-sm-4 tcol-xs-6 tcol-ss-12"> <li class="listing__item"> <article class="listing__item__wrapper" id="post-18107" itemscope="" itemtype="https://schema.org/BlogPosting"> <div class="listing__image"> <a href="https://education.cosmosmagazine.com/future-careers/"> <img src="https://education.cosmosmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/unnamed-2-e1664855038654.png?x50614" alt="Future Careers" class="listing__image__item"> </a> </div> <div class="listing__content"> <div class="listing__content__top"> <div class="listing__terms__wrapper"> <div class="listing__terms"><a href = "https://education.cosmosmagazine.com/resources/article/" class="listing__term ">Article</a>, <a href = "https://education.cosmosmagazine.com/resources/career-profile/" class="listing__term ">Career Profile</a> & <a href = "https://education.cosmosmagazine.com/resources/student-activity/" class="listing__term ">Student Activity</a></div> <div class="dialog-container"> <dialog class="favDialog"> <div class="favDialog__body"> <p>Please login to favourite this article.</p> </div> <div class="favDialog__footer"> <button class="button closeDialog">Close</button> <button class="button loginUrl">Login</button> </div> </dialog> <button class="showDialog"> <i class="icon-bookmark"></i> </button> </div> </div> <h2 class="listing__title"><a href="https://education.cosmosmagazine.com/future-careers/">Future Careers</a></h2> </div> <div class="listing__content__bottom"> <div class="listing__terms__bg"><a href = "https://education.cosmosmagazine.com/subjects/careers-in-stem/" class="listing__term__bg careers-in-stem-bg-color">Careers in STEM</a><a href = "https://education.cosmosmagazine.com/subjects/stem/" class="listing__term__bg stem-bg-color">STEM</a><a href = "https://education.cosmosmagazine.com/subjects/stem-in-action/" class="listing__term__bg stem-in-action-bg-color">STEM in Action</a></div> <div class="listing__summary"> <a href="https://education.cosmosmagazine.com/future-careers/"> <p>Explore the reimagined Future You STEM careers website for students aged 8 to 12.</p> </a> </div> <div class="listing__years">Years 3-7</div> </div> </div> </article>  </li>  </div> <div class="tcol-md-4 tcol-sm-4 tcol-xs-6 tcol-ss-12"> <li class="listing__item"> <article class="listing__item__wrapper" id="post-18072" itemscope="" itemtype="https://schema.org/BlogPosting"> <div class="listing__image"> <a href="https://education.cosmosmagazine.com/australian-research-brings-scientists-closer-to-making-blood-stem-cells-in-the-lab/"> <img src="https://education.cosmosmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/Credit-Henrik5000-Getty-Images-1200-1-e1663906944947.jpg?x50614" alt="Australian research brings scientists closer to making blood stem cells in the lab" class="listing__image__item"> </a> </div> <div class="listing__content"> <div class="listing__content__top"> <div class="listing__terms__wrapper"> <div class="listing__terms"><a href = "https://education.cosmosmagazine.com/resources/article/" class="listing__term ">Article</a> & <a href = "https://education.cosmosmagazine.com/resources/student-activity/" class="listing__term ">Student Activity</a></div> <div class="dialog-container"> <dialog class="favDialog"> <div class="favDialog__body"> <p>Please login to favourite this article.</p> </div> <div class="favDialog__footer"> <button class="button closeDialog">Close</button> <button class="button loginUrl">Login</button> </div> </dialog> <button class="showDialog"> <i class="icon-bookmark"></i> </button> </div> </div> <h2 class="listing__title"><a href="https://education.cosmosmagazine.com/australian-research-brings-scientists-closer-to-making-blood-stem-cells-in-the-lab/">Australian research brings scientists closer to making blood stem cells in the lab</a></h2> </div> <div class="listing__content__bottom"> <div class="listing__terms__bg"><a href = "https://education.cosmosmagazine.com/subjects/biological-sciences/" class="listing__term__bg biological-sciences-bg-color">Biological Sciences</a><a href = "https://education.cosmosmagazine.com/subjects/health-medical-sciences/" class="listing__term__bg health-medical-sciences-bg-color">Health & Medical Sciences</a><a href = "https://education.cosmosmagazine.com/subjects/stem/" class="listing__term__bg stem-bg-color">STEM</a></div> <div class="listing__summary"> <a href="https://education.cosmosmagazine.com/australian-research-brings-scientists-closer-to-making-blood-stem-cells-in-the-lab/"> <p>Australian blood stem cell research could help change the future of stem cell medicine. 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