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class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">alih ke bar sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">sorokkan</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Permulaan</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Penamaan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Penamaan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Penamaan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Penamaan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sejarah" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sejarah"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Sejarah</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Sejarah-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Togol subbahagian Sejarah</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Sejarah-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Asal_usul" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Asal_usul"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Asal usul</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Asal_usul-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pasca_pembentukan_Hamas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pasca_pembentukan_Hamas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Pasca pembentukan Hamas</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Pasca_pembentukan_Hamas-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Togol subbahagian Pasca pembentukan Hamas</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Pasca_pembentukan_Hamas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Intifadah_Pertama" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Intifadah_Pertama"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Intifadah Pertama</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Intifadah_Pertama-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Intifadah_Kedua" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Intifadah_Kedua"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Intifadah Kedua</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Intifadah_Kedua-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Perjanjian_Oslo_1993" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Perjanjian_Oslo_1993"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Perjanjian Oslo 1993</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Perjanjian_Oslo_1993-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pilihan_raya_Palestin_2005–2006" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pilihan_raya_Palestin_2005–2006"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Pilihan raya Palestin 2005–2006</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pilihan_raya_Palestin_2005–2006-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Konflik_Fatah-Hamas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Konflik_Fatah-Hamas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>Konflik Fatah-Hamas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Konflik_Fatah-Hamas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Perang_Gaza_2008" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Perang_Gaza_2008"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.6</span> <span>Perang Gaza 2008</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Perang_Gaza_2008-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kedudukan_dasar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kedudukan_dasar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Kedudukan dasar</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Kedudukan_dasar-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Togol subbahagian Kedudukan dasar</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Kedudukan_dasar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Piagam_Hamas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Piagam_Hamas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Piagam Hamas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Piagam_Hamas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Penyelesaian_dua_negara" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Penyelesaian_dua_negara"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Penyelesaian dua negara</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Penyelesaian_dua_negara-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cadangan_Hudna" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cadangan_Hudna"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Cadangan Hudna</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cadangan_Hudna-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dasar_agama" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dasar_agama"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Dasar agama</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dasar_agama-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Organisasi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Organisasi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Organisasi</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Organisasi-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Togol subbahagian Organisasi</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Organisasi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Kepimpinan_dan_struktur" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kepimpinan_dan_struktur"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Kepimpinan dan struktur</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kepimpinan_dan_struktur-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Biro_Politik" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Biro_Politik"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.1</span> <span>Biro Politik</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Biro_Politik-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kewangan_dan_pendanaan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kewangan_dan_pendanaan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Kewangan dan pendanaan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kewangan_dan_pendanaan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Khidmat_masyarakat" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Khidmat_masyarakat"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Khidmat masyarakat</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Khidmat_masyarakat-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ketenteraan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ketenteraan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.4</span> <span>Ketenteraan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ketenteraan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Media" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Media"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.5</span> <span>Media</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Media-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Penerimaan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Penerimaan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Penerimaan</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Penerimaan-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Togol subbahagian Penerimaan</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Penerimaan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Penandaan_kumpulan_pengganas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Penandaan_kumpulan_pengganas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Penandaan kumpulan pengganas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Penandaan_kumpulan_pengganas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sokongan_awam" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sokongan_awam"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Sokongan awam</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sokongan_awam-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sokongan_antarabangsa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sokongan_antarabangsa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>Sokongan antarabangsa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sokongan_antarabangsa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lihat_juga" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lihat_juga"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Lihat juga</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lihat_juga-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nota" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nota"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Nota</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nota-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rujukan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rujukan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Rujukan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rujukan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Kandungan" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Togol isi kandungan" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Togol isi kandungan</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Hamas</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Pergi ke rencana dalam bahasa lain. Tersedia dalam 114 bahasa" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-114" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">114 bahasa</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamas" title="Hamas – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Hamas" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamas" title="Hamas – Jerman Switzerland" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Hamas" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Jerman Switzerland" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%A9_%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="حركة حماس – Arab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="حركة حماس" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%BD" title="Համաս – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Համաս" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamas" title="Hamas – Asturia" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Hamas" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C6%8FMAS" title="HƏMAS – Azerbaijan" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="HƏMAS" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="حماس – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="حماس" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamas" title="Hamas – Indonesia" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Hamas" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8" title="হামাস – Benggali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="হামাস" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Benggali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamas" title="Hamas – Cina Min Nan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Hamas" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Cina Min Nan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D3%98%D0%9C%D3%98%D0%A1" title="ХӘМӘС – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="ХӘМӘС" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%90%D0%9C%D0%90%D0%A1" title="ХАМАС – Belarus" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="ХАМАС" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8" title="हमास – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="हमास" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamas" title="Hamas – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Hamas" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A7%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%98%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A6%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8D" title="ཧ་མ་སི། – Tibet" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཧ་མ་སི།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibet" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamas" title="Hamas – Bosnia" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Hamas" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamas" title="Hamas – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Hamas" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Хамас – Bulgaria" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Хамас" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ham%C3%A0s" title="Hamàs – Catalonia" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Hamàs" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%90%D0%9C%D0%90%D0%A1" title="ХАМАС – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="ХАМАС" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ham%C3%A1s" title="Hamás – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Hamás" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamas" title="Hamas – Wales" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Hamas" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Wales" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamas" title="Hamas – Denmark" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Hamas" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Denmark" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="حماس – Arab Maghribi" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="حماس" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Arab Maghribi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamas" title="Hamas – Jerman" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Hamas" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B8%A8am%C4%81s" title="Ḩamās – Estonia" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Ḩamās" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A7%CE%B1%CE%BC%CE%AC%CF%82" title="Χαμάς – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Χαμάς" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamas" title="Hamas – Inggeris" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Hamas" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Inggeris" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ham%C3%A1s" title="Hamás – Sepanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Hamás" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Sepanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamaso" title="Hamaso – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Hamaso" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamas" title="Hamas – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Hamas" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="حماس – Parsi" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="حماس" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Parsi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamas" title="Hamas – Faroe" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Hamas" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamas" title="Hamas – Perancis" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Hamas" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Perancis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamas" title="Hamas – Frisian Barat" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Hamas" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Frisian Barat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamas" title="Hamas – Galicia" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Hamas" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galicia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%95%98%EB%A7%88%EC%8A%A4" title="하마스 – Korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="하마스" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamas" title="Hamas – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Hamas" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%BD" title="Համաս – Armenia" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Համաս" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8" title="हमास – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="हमास" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamas" title="Hamas – Croatia" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Hamas" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamas" title="Hamas – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Hamas" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamas" title="Hamas – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Hamas" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamas" title="Hamas – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Hamas" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamas" title="Hamas – Iceland" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Hamas" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Iceland" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamas" title="Hamas – Itali" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Hamas" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Itali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%97%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%A1" title="חמאס – Ibrani" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="חמאס" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Ibrani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamas" title="Hamas – Jawa" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Hamas" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Jawa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%B0%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98" title="ჰამასი – Georgia" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ჰამასი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="حماس – Kashmir" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="حماس" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="Kashmir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Хамас – Kazakhstan" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Хамас" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakhstan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamas" title="Hamas – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Hamas" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemas" title="Hemas – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Hemas" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%AE%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%AA" title="ຮາມາສ – Laos" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ຮາມາສ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Laos" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamas" title="Hamas – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Hamas" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ham%C4%81s" title="Hamās – Latvia" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Hamās" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamas" title="Hamas – Lithuania" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Hamas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamas" title="Hamas – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Hamas" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamas" title="Hamas – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Hamas" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ham%C3%A1sz" title="Hamász – Hungary" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Hamász" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungary" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8" title="हमास – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="हमास" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Хамас – Macedonia" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Хамас" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamas" title="Hamas – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Hamas" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="rencana pilihan"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D" title="ഹമാസ് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഹമാസ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8" title="हमास – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="हमास" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%B0%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98" title="ჰამასი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ჰამასი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%A9_%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="حركة حماس – Arab Mesir" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="حركة حماس" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Arab Mesir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="حماس – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="حماس" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamas" title="Hamas – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Hamas" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Хамас – Mongolia" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Хамас" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamas" title="Hamas – Belanda" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Hamas" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Belanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8" title="हमास – Nepal" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="हमास" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%8F%E3%83%9E%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B9" title="ハマース – Jepun" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ハマース" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Jepun" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamas" title="Hamas – Frisian Utara" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Hamas" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Frisian Utara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamas" title="Hamas – Bokmal Norway" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Hamas" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Bokmal Norway" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamas" title="Hamas – Nynorsk Norway" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Hamas" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Nynorsk Norway" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamas" title="Hamas – Uzbekistan" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Hamas" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbekistan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B9%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8" title="ਹਮਾਸ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਹਮਾਸ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="حماس – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="حماس" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamas" title="Hamas – Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Hamas" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF_%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B3_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A_%D8%BA%D9%88%D8%B1%DA%81%D9%86%DA%AF" title="د حماس اسلامي غورځنگ – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="د حماس اسلامي غورځنگ" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%A0%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%98%E1%9F%89%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%8B" title="ហាម៉ាស់ – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ហាម៉ាស់" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamas" title="Hamas – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Hamas" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamas" title="Hamas – Poland" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Hamas" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Poland" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamas" title="Hamas – Portugis" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Hamas" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamas" title="Hamas – Romania" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Hamas" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%90%D0%9C%D0%90%D0%A1" title="ХАМАС – Rusia" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="ХАМАС" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamasi" title="Hamasi – Albania" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Hamasi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamas" title="Hamas – Sicili" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Hamas" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamas" title="Hamas – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Hamas" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ham%C3%A1s" title="Hamás – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Hamás" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamas" title="Hamas – Slovenia" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Hamas" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xamaas" title="Xamaas – Somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Xamaas" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%DB%95%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="حەماس – Kurdi Tengah" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="حەماس" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Kurdi Tengah" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Хамас – Serbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Хамас" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamas" title="Hamas – SerboCroatia" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Hamas" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="SerboCroatia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamas" title="Hamas – Finland" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Hamas" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finland" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamas" title="Hamas – Sweden" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Hamas" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Sweden" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamas" title="Hamas – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Hamas" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B9%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B8%E0%AF%8D" title="ஹமாஸ் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஹமாஸ்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B8%A4amas" title="Ḥamas – Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Ḥamas" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B9%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D" title="హమాస్ – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="హమాస్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AE%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AA" title="ฮะมาส – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ฮะมาส" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamas" title="Hamas – Vietnam" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Hamas" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%B2%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81" title="Ҳамос – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Ҳамос" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamas" title="Hamas – Turki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Hamas" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Хамас – Ukraine" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Хамас" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukraine" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="حماس – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="حماس" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamas" title="Hamas – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Hamas" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%93%88%E9%A9%AC%E6%96%AF" title="哈马斯 – Cina Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="哈马斯" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Cina Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9B%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%A1" title="כאמאס – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="כאמאס" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF" title="哈馬斯 – Kantonis" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="哈馬斯" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kantonis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamas" title="Hamas – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Hamas" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%93%88%E9%A9%AC%E6%96%AF" title="哈马斯 – Cina" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="哈马斯" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Cina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q38799#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Sunting pautan antara bahasa" class="wbc-editpage">Sunting pautan</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Ruang nama"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Hamas" title="Lihat laman kandungan [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Rencana</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Perbincangan:Hamas" rel="discussion" title="Perbincangan mengenai laman kandungan [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Perbincangan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tukar kelainan bahasa" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Bahasa Melayu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Rupa"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Hamas"><span>Baca</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hamas&veaction=edit" title="Sunting laman ini [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Sunting</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hamas&action=edit" title="Sunting kod sumber untuk laman ini [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Sunting sumber</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hamas&action=history" title="Semakan terdahulu bagi laman ini [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Lihat sejarah</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Alatan laman"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Peralatan" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Peralatan</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Peralatan</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">alih ke bar sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">sorokkan</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Lagi pilihan" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tindakan </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Hamas"><span>Baca</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hamas&veaction=edit" title="Sunting laman ini [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Sunting</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hamas&action=edit" title="Sunting kod sumber untuk laman ini [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Sunting sumber</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hamas&action=history"><span>Lihat sejarah</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Umum </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Khas:Pautan_ke_sini/Hamas" title="Senarai semua laman wiki yang mengandungi pautan ke laman ini [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Pautan ke laman ini</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Khas:Perubahan_berkaitan/Hamas" rel="nofollow" title="Perubahan terkini bagi laman yang dipaut dari laman ini [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Perubahan berkaitan</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=ms" title="Muat naik fail [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Muat naik fail</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Khas:Laman_khas" title="Senarai semua laman khas [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Laman khas</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hamas&oldid=6376239" title="Pautan kekal ke semakan laman ini"><span>Pautan kekal</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hamas&action=info" title="Maklumat lanjut mengenai laman ini"><span>Maklumat laman</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khas:Petik_laman_ini&page=Hamas&id=6376239&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Maklumat tentang cara memetik laman ini"><span>Petik laman ini</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khas:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fms.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FHamas"><span>Dapatkan URL pendek</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khas:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fms.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FHamas"><span>Muat turun kod QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Cetak/eksport </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khas:Buku&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Hamas"><span>Cipta buku</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khas:DownloadAsPdf&page=Hamas&action=show-download-screen"><span>Muat turun sebagai PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hamas&printable=yes" title="Versi boleh cetak bagi laman ini [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versi boleh cetak</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Dalam projek lain </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons 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125%;">حركة المقاومة الإسلامية</span>‎</div></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image logo" style="padding-top:.4em;padding-bottom:.3em;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Fail:Emblem_of_Hamas_Vector_Graphic.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Emblem_of_Hamas_Vector_Graphic.svg/180px-Emblem_of_Hamas_Vector_Graphic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="199" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Emblem_of_Hamas_Vector_Graphic.svg/270px-Emblem_of_Hamas_Vector_Graphic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Emblem_of_Hamas_Vector_Graphic.svg/360px-Emblem_of_Hamas_Vector_Graphic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1805" data-file-height="2000" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em">Pengerusi</th><td class="infobox-data agent" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Ismail_Haniyeh" title="Ismail Haniyeh">Ismail Haniyeh</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em">Naib Pengerusi</th><td class="infobox-data agent" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Saleh_al-Aruri" title="Saleh al-Aruri">Saleh al-Aruri</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em">Pengasas</th><td class="infobox-data agent" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div class="plainlist"><ul style=""><li style=""><a href="/wiki/Ahmed_Yassin" title="Ahmed Yassin">Ahmed Yassin</a></li><li style=""><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Aziz_al-Rantisi" title="Abdul Aziz al-Rantisi">Abdul Aziz al-Rantisi</a></li></ul></div> <div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: center; font-size: 95%;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold; font-size: 100%; text-align: left;"><div><span style="font-weight:normal;">...<span class="nowrap"> </span><i>dan lain-lain</i></span></div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="font-size: 105%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; text-align: left; list-style: none none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Mahmoud_al-Zahar" class="mw-redirect" title="Mahmoud al-Zahar">Mahmoud al-Zahar</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mohammad_Taha_(Hamas)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mohammad Taha (Hamas) (laman tidak wujud)">Mohammad Taha</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Abdul_Fatah_Dukhan" title="Abdul Fatah Dukhan">Abdul Fatah Dukhan</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAbdelal2016122_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAbdelal2016122-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Ibrahim_Fares_Al-Yazuri" title="Ibrahim Fares Al-Yazuri">Ibrahim Fares Al-Yazuri</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDalloul2017_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDalloul2017-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Ali_Isa_al-Nasyar" title="Ali Isa al-Nasyar">Ali Isa al-Nasyar</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAbu-Amr199310_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAbu-Amr199310-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> Ibrahim Quqa<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELitvak1998151_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELitvak1998151-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> Mohammed Hassan Shama'a<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBarzak2011_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBarzak2011-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hassan_Yousef_(Hamas)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hassan Yousef (Hamas) (laman tidak wujud)">Hassan Yousef</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAFP2019_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAFP2019-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em">Ditubuhkan</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">10 Disember 1987<span class="noprint">; 36 tahun yang lalu</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1987-12-10</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em">Pecahan</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Ikhwan_Muslimin" title="Ikhwan Muslimin">Ikhwan Muslimin</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em">Ibu pejabat</th><td class="infobox-data label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Gaza" title="Gaza">Gaza</a>, <a href="/wiki/Semenanjung_Gaza" class="mw-redirect" title="Semenanjung Gaza">Semenanjung Gaza</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em">Sayap Ketenteraan</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Briged_Izzuddin_Al-Qassam" class="mw-redirect" title="Briged Izzuddin Al-Qassam">Briged Izzuddin Al-Qassam</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em">Ideologi</th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div class="plainlist"><ul style=""><li style=""><a href="/wiki/Nasionalisme_Palestin" title="Nasionalisme Palestin">Nasionalisme Palestin</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDalacoura201266–67_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDalacoura201266–67-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </li><li style=""><a href="/wiki/Islamisme" title="Islamisme">Islamisme</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDalacoura201266–67_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDalacoura201266–67-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDunning2016270_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDunning2016270-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </li><li style=""><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nasionalisme_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nasionalisme Islam (laman tidak wujud)">Nasionalisme Islam</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDalacoura201266–67_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDalacoura201266–67-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStepanova2008113_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEStepanova2008113-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </li><li style=""><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anti-Zionisme&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anti-Zionisme (laman tidak wujud)">Anti-Zionisme</a> </li><li style=""><a href="/wiki/Antisemitisme" title="Antisemitisme">Antisemitisme</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELitvak1998hlm._151–52:_"Pendirian_anti-Yahudi_kuat_membezakan_Hamas_daripada_pertubuhan_PLO"_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELitvak1998hlm._151–52:_"Pendirian_anti-Yahudi_kuat_membezakan_Hamas_daripada_pertubuhan_PLO"-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-hoffman_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hoffman-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </li><li style=""><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFiliu201255,_64–67_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFiliu201255,_64–67-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em"><a href="/wiki/Spektrum_politik" title="Spektrum politik">Kedudukan politik</a></th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height:1.3em;">Haluan Kiri</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em">Agama</th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Sunni_Islam" class="mw-redirect" title="Sunni Islam">Sunni Islam</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em">Perikatan politik</th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perikatan_Angkatan_Palestin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perikatan Angkatan Palestin (laman tidak wujud)">Perikatan Angkatan Palestin</a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Angkatan_Islam_dan_Kebangsaan_Palestin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Angkatan Islam dan Kebangsaan Palestin (laman tidak wujud)">Angkatan Islam dan Kebangsaan Palestin</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em">Warna</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><span style="background-color:#008000; color:; border:1px solid darkgray; text-align:center;">    </span> Hijau</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em">Kedudukan terbanyak dalam <a href="/wiki/Majlis_Perundangan_Palestin" title="Majlis Perundangan Palestin">Majlis Perundangan Palestin</a> (<abbr title="Sekitar">s.</abbr> 2006)</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">74 / 132</span><div role="img" style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #008000; width: 56%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="line-height: 0.8em; padding-top:0.5em; padding-bottom:0;">Bendera parti</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fail:Flag_of_Hamas.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_Hamas.svg/200px-Flag_of_Hamas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_Hamas.svg/300px-Flag_of_Hamas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_Hamas.svg/400px-Flag_of_Hamas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="line-height: 0.8em; padding-top:0.5em; padding-bottom:0;">Laman sesawang</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hamas.ps/en/">hamas.ps</a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="padding-top:0; border-top: 1.5px solid #008000"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Politik_Palestin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Politik Palestin (laman tidak wujud)">Politik Palestin</a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Senarai_parti_politik_di_Palestin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Senarai parti politik di Palestin (laman tidak wujud)">Parti politik</a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pilihan_raya_di_Palestin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pilihan raya di Palestin (laman tidak wujud)">Pilihan raya</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5657302"><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above">Hamas</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Pemimpin</th><td class="infobox-data">Hamas</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Kawasan utama</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Palestine.svg/23px-Flag_of_Palestine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Palestine.svg/35px-Flag_of_Palestine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Palestine.svg/46px-Flag_of_Palestine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Negara_Palestin" title="Negara Palestin">Negara Palestin</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Sekutu</th><td class="infobox-data"><b>Sekutu negara:</b> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Algeria" title="Algeria">Algeria</a><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/23px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/35px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/46px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="630" data-file-height="360" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Turki" title="Turki">Turki</a><sup id="cite_ref-times_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-times-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Qatar.svg/23px-Flag_of_Qatar.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Qatar.svg/35px-Flag_of_Qatar.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Qatar.svg/46px-Flag_of_Qatar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1400" data-file-height="550" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar">Qatar</a><sup id="cite_ref-allies_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-allies-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Afrika_Selatan" title="Afrika Selatan">Afrika Selatan</a> (menafikan)<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Sudan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sudan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Sudan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sudan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Sudan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sudan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan">Sudan</a> (<a href="/wiki/Kudeta_di_Sudan_2019" title="Kudeta di Sudan 2019">semenjak 2019</a>, sesekali sejak 2023)<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-allies_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-allies-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-auto3_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto3-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Flag_of_Syria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Syria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Flag_of_Syria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Syria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Flag_of_Syria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Syria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a> (semenjak 2011, sesekali sejak 2022)<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-time_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-time-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/23px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/35px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/46px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Korea_Utara" title="Korea Utara">Korea Utara</a><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Venezuela.svg/23px-Flag_of_Venezuela.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Venezuela.svg/35px-Flag_of_Venezuela.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Venezuela.svg/45px-Flag_of_Venezuela.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Venezuela" title="Venezuela">Venezuela</a><sup id="cite_ref-PAL_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PAL-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p><b>Sekutu bukan negara:</b> </p> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/InfoboxHez.PNG/23px-InfoboxHez.PNG" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/InfoboxHez.PNG/35px-InfoboxHez.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/InfoboxHez.PNG/45px-InfoboxHez.PNG 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Hizbullah" title="Hizbullah">Hizbullah</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Houthis_Logo.png/14px-Houthis_Logo.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Houthis_Logo.png/22px-Houthis_Logo.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Houthis_Logo.png/29px-Houthis_Logo.png 2x" data-file-width="354" data-file-height="369" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Gerakan_Houthi" title="Gerakan Houthi">Houthi</a><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:Error mw:File"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=ms&wpDestFile=Flag_of_the_Islamic_Jihad_Movement_in_Palestine.svg" class="new" title="Fail:Flag of the Islamic Jihad Movement in Palestine.svg"><span class="mw-file-element mw-broken-media" data-width="23" data-height="15">Fail:Flag of the Islamic Jihad Movement in Palestine.svg</span></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Jihad_Islam_Palestin" title="Jihad Islam Palestin">Jihad Islam Palestin</a><sup id="cite_ref-toi9oct_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-toi9oct-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:Error mw:File"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=ms&wpDestFile=PFLP_Infobox_Flag.svg" class="new" title="Fail:PFLP Infobox Flag.svg"><span class="mw-file-element mw-broken-media" data-width="23" data-height="15">Fail:PFLP Infobox Flag.svg</span></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Barisan_Rakyat_untuk_Pembebasan_Palestin" title="Barisan Rakyat untuk Pembebasan Palestin">Barisan Rakyat untuk Pembebasan Palestin</a> (PFLP)<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_the_Democratic_Front_for_the_Liberation_of_Palestine.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Democratic_Front_for_the_Liberation_of_Palestine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_the_Democratic_Front_for_the_Liberation_of_Palestine.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Democratic_Front_for_the_Liberation_of_Palestine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_the_Democratic_Front_for_the_Liberation_of_Palestine.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Democratic_Front_for_the_Liberation_of_Palestine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Barisan_Demokratik_untuk_Pembebasan_Palestin" title="Barisan Demokratik untuk Pembebasan Palestin">Barisan Demokratik untuk Pembebasan Palestin</a> (DFLP)<sup id="cite_ref-auto9_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto9-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerumun_Singa" title="Jerumun Singa">Jerumun Singa</a><sup id="cite_ref-roya_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-roya-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Negara_Palestin" title="Negara Palestin"><img alt="Negara Palestin" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Palestine.svg/23px-Flag_of_Palestine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Palestine.svg/35px-Flag_of_Palestine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Palestine.svg/46px-Flag_of_Palestine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Briged_Syuhada_al-Aqsa" title="Briged Syuhada al-Aqsa">Briged Syuhada al-Aqsa</a><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_the_Al-Nasser_Salah_al-Deen_Brigades.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Al-Nasser_Salah_al-Deen_Brigades.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_the_Al-Nasser_Salah_al-Deen_Brigades.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Al-Nasser_Salah_al-Deen_Brigades.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_the_Al-Nasser_Salah_al-Deen_Brigades.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Al-Nasser_Salah_al-Deen_Brigades.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="656" /></span></span></span>/<span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/ms/thumb/e/e9/Logoprc.jpg/22px-Logoprc.jpg" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/ms/thumb/e/e9/Logoprc.jpg/34px-Logoprc.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/ms/thumb/e/e9/Logoprc.jpg/44px-Logoprc.jpg 2x" data-file-width="175" data-file-height="119" /></span></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jawatankuasa_Penentangan_Rakyat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jawatankuasa Penentangan Rakyat (laman tidak wujud)">Jawatankuasa Penentangan Rakyat</a> (PRC)<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Lawan</th><td class="infobox-data"><b>Lawan negara:</b> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/23px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/35px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/45px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Mesir" title="Mesir">Mesir</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Amerika_Syarikat" title="Amerika Syarikat">Amerika Syarikat</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Jordan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Jordan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Jordan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Jordan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Jordan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Jordan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan">Jordan</a><sup id="cite_ref-auto1_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto1-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Bahrain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bahrain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Bahrain.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bahrain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Bahrain.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bahrain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain">Bahrain</a><sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Emiriah_Arab_Bersatu" title="Emiriah Arab Bersatu">Emiriah Arab Bersatu</a><sup id="cite_ref-time_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-time-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p><b>Lawan bukan negara:</b> </p> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/ms/thumb/c/c9/Fateh-logo.jpg/22px-Fateh-logo.jpg" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/ms/thumb/c/c9/Fateh-logo.jpg/33px-Fateh-logo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/ms/thumb/c/c9/Fateh-logo.jpg/44px-Fateh-logo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="346" data-file-height="235" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Fatah" title="Fatah">Fatah</a><br />(<a href="/w/index.php?title=Proses_Perdamaian_Fatah-Hamas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Proses Perdamaian Fatah-Hamas (laman tidak wujud)">Dalam proses damai</a>)<br /></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Flag_of_the_Islamic_State_of_Iraq_and_the_Levant2.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Islamic_State_of_Iraq_and_the_Levant2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Flag_of_the_Islamic_State_of_Iraq_and_the_Levant2.svg/31px-Flag_of_the_Islamic_State_of_Iraq_and_the_Levant2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Flag_of_the_Islamic_State_of_Iraq_and_the_Levant2.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Islamic_State_of_Iraq_and_the_Levant2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Negara_Islam_Iraq_dan_Syam" title="Negara Islam Iraq dan Syam">Negara Islam Iraq dan Syam</a> <br /><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Mujahedin_of_Iran.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Mujahedin_of_Iran.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Mujahedin_of_Iran.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Mujahedin_of_Iran.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Mujahedin_of_Iran.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Mujahedin_of_Iran.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mujahidin_Rakyat_Iran&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mujahidin Rakyat Iran (laman tidak wujud)">Mujahidin Rakyat Iran</a><sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Pertempuran dan peperangan</th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Konflik_Israel%E2%80%93Palestin" title="Konflik Israel–Palestin">Konflik Israel–Palestin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konflik_Israel%E2%80%93Gaza" title="Konflik Israel–Gaza">Konflik Israel–Gaza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konflik_Fatah%E2%80%93Hamas" title="Konflik Fatah–Hamas">Konflik Fatah–Hamas</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konflik_Israel%E2%80%93Lubnan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konflik Israel–Lubnan (laman tidak wujud)">Konflik Israel–Lubnan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Senarai_kumpulan_pengganas_yang_ditetapkan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Senarai kumpulan pengganas yang ditetapkan (laman tidak wujud)">Ditetapkan sebagai kumpulan pengganas</a> oleh</th><td class="infobox-data"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Amerika_Syarikat" title="Amerika Syarikat">Amerika Syarikat</a><sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a><sup id="cite_ref-auto2_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto2-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Jepun" title="Jepun">Jepun</a><sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Kanada" title="Kanada">Kanada</a><sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/23px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/35px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/45px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Kesatuan_Eropah" title="Kesatuan Eropah">Kesatuan Eropah</a><sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Paraguay.svg/23px-Flag_of_Paraguay.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Paraguay.svg/35px-Flag_of_Paraguay.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Paraguay.svg/46px-Flag_of_Paraguay.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="660" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Paraguay" title="Paraguay">Paraguay</a><sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a><sup id="cite_ref-auto_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Gerakan Perjuangan Islam</b> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Arab" title="Bahasa Arab">Arab</a>: <span lang="ar"><span title="Arab-language text"><span lang="ar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5953951"><span class="script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">حركة المقاومة الاسلامية</span>‎</span></span><span class="lang-comment" style="font-style: normal; display: none; color: #33aa33; margin-left: 0.3em;">code: ar is deprecated </span></span>, <small>rumi: </small><span title="Arab-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn">Ḥarakat al-Muqāwamah al-ʾIslāmiyyah</i></span><span class="lang-comment" style="font-style: normal; display: none; color: #33aa33; margin-left: 0.3em;">code: ar is deprecated </span>, "Gerakan Perjuangan Islam" disingkatkan kepada <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Arab" title="Bahasa Arab">Arab</a>: <span lang="ar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5953951"><span class="script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">حماس</span>‎</span>, <small>rumi: </small><span title="Arab-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn"><b>Ḥamās</b></i></span><span class="lang-comment" style="font-style: normal; display: none; color: #33aa33; margin-left: 0.3em;">code: ar is deprecated </span><sup id="cite_ref-MERIP_1989222_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MERIP_1989222-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) adalah sebuah pertubuhan politik dan <a href="/wiki/Ketenteraan" class="mw-redirect" title="Ketenteraan">ketenteraan</a> Islam beraliran <a href="/wiki/Ahli_Sunah_Waljamaah" title="Ahli Sunah Waljamaah">Ahlu al-Sunnah</a><sup id="cite_ref-:1_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> yang mentadbir <a href="/wiki/Genting_Gaza" title="Genting Gaza">Genting Gaza</a> terangkum dalam <a href="/wiki/Palestin_(wilayah)" title="Palestin (wilayah)">wilayah Palestin</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kawasan_diduduki_Israel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kawasan diduduki Israel (laman tidak wujud)">taklukan</a> entiti Israel.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMiliterNegara_PalestinPLO_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMiliterNegara_PalestinPLO-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ia beribu pejabat di <a href="/wiki/Bandar_Gaza" class="mw-redirect" title="Bandar Gaza">Bandar Gaza</a> dan juga di <a href="/wiki/Tebing_Barat" title="Tebing Barat">Tebing Barat</a>. Bahkan, ibu pejabat di <a href="/wiki/Tebing_Barat" title="Tebing Barat">Tebing Barat</a> lebih besar tetapi wilayah pengaruh lebih dikuasai pesaingnya, <a href="/wiki/Fatah" title="Fatah">Fatah</a>. </p><p>Ia ditubuhkan oleh <a href="/wiki/Imam" title="Imam">pemimpin</a> dan aktivis Palestin, Syeikh <a href="/wiki/Ahmed_Yassin" title="Ahmed Yassin">Ahmed Yassin</a> pada 1987 selepas meletusnya <a href="/wiki/Intifadah_Pertama" title="Intifadah Pertama">Intifadah Pertama</a> menentang Israel bersinambungan dari pertubuhan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Majlis_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Majlis Islam (laman tidak wujud)">Majlis Islam</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Arab" title="Bahasa Arab">Arab</a>: <span lang="ar" dir="rtl">المجمع الإسلامي</span>, <small>rumi: </small><span title="Arab-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn">al-Mujamma' al-Islami</i></span><span class="lang-comment" style="font-style: normal; display: none; color: #33aa33; margin-left: 0.3em;">code: ar is deprecated </span>) yang ditubuhkan dan diterajui Syeikh Ahmad di <a href="/wiki/Gaza" title="Gaza">Gaza</a> pada 1973 sebagai sebuah pertubuhan kebajikan Islam yang terlibat dengan <a href="/wiki/Ikhwan_Muslimin" title="Ikhwan Muslimin">Ikhwan Muslimin</a> di <a href="/wiki/Mesir" title="Mesir">Mesir</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_56-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hamas menjadi semakin naik apabila terlibat dalam <a href="/wiki/Konflik_Israel%E2%80%93Palestin" title="Konflik Israel–Palestin">konflik Israel–Palestin</a> lewat tahun 1990-an;<sup id="cite_ref-barel_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-barel-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ia menentan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Surat-surat_pengiktirafan_Israel%E2%80%93Pertubuhan_Pembebasan_Palestin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Surat-surat pengiktirafan Israel–Pertubuhan Pembebasan Palestin (laman tidak wujud)">Surat Pengiktirafan Bersama Israel–PLO</a> juga <a href="/wiki/Perjanjian_Oslo" title="Perjanjian Oslo">Perjanjian Oslo</a>, yang menyaksikan Fatah menolak "penggunaan tindakan pelampau dan tindakan kekerasan lain" dan mengiktiraf Palestin dalam mencapai penyelesaian dua negara. Hamas terus menganjurkan penentangan bersenjata, menang dalam <a href="/wiki/Pilihan_raya_perundangan_Palestin_2006" title="Pilihan raya perundangan Palestin 2006">pilihan raya perundangan Palestin 2006</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECharrett2020129–37_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECharrett2020129–37-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> memperoleh majoriti dalam <a href="/wiki/Majlis_Perundangan_Palestin" title="Majlis Perundangan Palestin">Majlis Perundangan Palestin</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-SMF22_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SMF22-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> dan memegang kawalan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pentadbiran_Genting_Gaza_oleh_Hamas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pentadbiran Genting Gaza oleh Hamas (laman tidak wujud)">pentadbiran Genting Gaza</a> daripada Fatah diikuti perang dalaman pada 2007.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDavis201667–69_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDavis201667–69-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMukhimer2012vii,_58_61-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMukhimer2012vii,_58-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sejak itu, Hamas mentadbir Gaza di bawah <a href="/wiki/Autokrasi" title="Autokrasi">pemerintahan</a> <i><a href="/wiki/De_facto" title="De facto">de facto</a></i> dan <a href="/wiki/Negara_satu_parti" title="Negara satu parti">wilayah satu parti</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Walaupun secara sejarahnya, mencari sebuah <a href="/wiki/Negara_Palestin" title="Negara Palestin">negara</a> Islam Palestin dengan menggabungkan wilayah <a href="/wiki/Tebing_Barat" title="Tebing Barat">Tebing Barat</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Genting_Gaza" title="Genting Gaza">Genting Gaza</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hamas mula menerima cadangan sempadan tahun 1967 dalam persetujuan yang ditandatangani dengan Fatah pada <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pengisytiharan_Kaherah_Palestin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pengisytiharan Kaherah Palestin (laman tidak wujud)">2005</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dokumen_Tahanan_Palestin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dokumen Tahanan Palestin (laman tidak wujud)">2006</a> dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Persetujuan_Mekah_Fatah%E2%80%93Hamas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Persetujuan Mekah Fatah–Hamas (laman tidak wujud)">2007</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-seurat1719_67-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-seurat1719-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pada 2017, Hamas menerbitkan piagam baharu menyokong <a href="/wiki/Negara_Palestin" title="Negara Palestin">negara Palestin</a> dengan mengikut pada sempadan tahun 1967 tanpa mengiktiraf Israel.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Jazeera,2May2017_70-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jazeera,2May2017-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-borders1967_71-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-borders1967-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tindakan Hamas mengulangi tawaran <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hudna&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hudna (laman tidak wujud)">gencatan senjata</a> mereka (untuk tempoh 10–100 tahun) berdasarkan pada sempadan 1967 dilihat orang lain sebagai sejajar dengan penyelesaian dua negara,<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBaconi2018108_73-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBaconi2018108-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> manakala dalam keadaan lain, Hamas mengekalkan matlamat jangka panjang untuk menubuhkan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Satu_negara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Satu negara (laman tidak wujud)">satu negara</a> sebagaimana <a href="/wiki/Palestin_Bermandat" title="Palestin Bermandat">Palestin Bermandat</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Alsoos_76-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Alsoos-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Faeq_77-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Faeq-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Di bawah prinsip ideologi <a href="/wiki/Islamisme" title="Islamisme">Islamisme</a>, Hamas menggalakkan <a href="/wiki/Nasionalisme_Palestin" title="Nasionalisme Palestin">semangat kebangsaan Palestin</a> dalam <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nasionalisme_beragama&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nasionalisme beragama (laman tidak wujud)">acuan Islam</a>; ia telah menjalankan dasar <i><a href="/wiki/Jihad" title="Jihad">jihad</a></i> (perjuangan bersenjata) menentang dasar penjajahan Aparteid Israel.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hamas juga mempunyai sayap ketenteraan yang juga bertindak sebagai pemberi khidmat dan da'wah kepada masyarakat yang dinamakan <a href="/wiki/Briged_Izzuddin_Al-Qassam" class="mw-redirect" title="Briged Izzuddin Al-Qassam">Briged Izzuddin al-Qassam</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>d<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>e<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sejak pertengahan 1990-an,<sup id="cite_ref-:0_56-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hamas memperoleh liputan meluas dalam kalangan masyarakat Palestin dengan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Anti-Zionisme&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anti-Zionisme (laman tidak wujud)">pendirian anti-Israel</a> mereka.<sup id="cite_ref-:222_84-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:222-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPhillips201175_85-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPhillips201175-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Genting Gaza kini di bawah <a href="/wiki/Sekatan_Genting_Gaza" title="Sekatan Genting Gaza">sekatan</a>, dikenakan oleh Israel dan <a href="/wiki/Mesir" title="Mesir">Mesir</a>. Israel dan Hamas berlawan dalam siri peperangan yang banyak, termasuk pada <a href="/wiki/Konflik_Israel%E2%80%93Gaza_2008%E2%80%932009" title="Konflik Israel–Gaza 2008–2009">2008–09</a>, <a href="/wiki/Serangan_Israel_ke_atas_Gaza_2012" title="Serangan Israel ke atas Gaza 2012">2012</a>, <a href="/wiki/Konflik_Israel%E2%80%93Gaza_2014" title="Konflik Israel–Gaza 2014">2014</a> dan terkini pada <a href="/wiki/Perang_Israel%E2%88%92Palestin_2023" class="mw-redirect" title="Perang Israel−Palestin 2023">2023</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Penamaan">Penamaan</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hamas&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Sunting bahagian: Penamaan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hamas&action=edit&section=1" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Penamaan"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Hamas</i> ialah sebuah <a href="/wiki/Singkatan_kata" title="Singkatan kata">singkatan</a> perkataan <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Arab" title="Bahasa Arab">Arab</a> <span title="Arab-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">حركة المقاومة الإسلامية</span></span><span class="lang-comment" style="font-style: normal; display: none; color: #33aa33; margin-left: 0.3em;">code: ar is deprecated </span> atau <span title="Arab-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn">Ḥarakah al-Muqāwamah al-ʾIslāmiyyah</i></span>, bermaksud "Gerakan Perjuangan Islam". Kependekannya, HMS, kemudiannya dimeterai dalam <a href="/w/index.php?title=Piagam_Hamas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Piagam Hamas (laman tidak wujud)">Piagam Hamas</a> kepada perkataan Arab <span title="Arab-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn">ḥamās</i></span> (<span title="Arab-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">حماس</span></span><span class="lang-comment" style="font-style: normal; display: none; color: #33aa33; margin-left: 0.3em;">code: ar is deprecated </span>) yang mana membawa maksud "semangat berkobar-kobar", "kekuatan", atau "keberanian".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHerzog200684_86-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHerzog200684-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sejarah">Sejarah</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hamas&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Sunting bahagian: Sejarah" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hamas&action=edit&section=2" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Sejarah"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Asal_usul">Asal usul</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hamas&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Sunting bahagian: Asal usul" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hamas&action=edit&section=3" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Asal usul"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Apabila Israel <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wilayah_yang_diduduki_Israel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wilayah yang diduduki Israel (laman tidak wujud)">menjajah wilayah Palestin</a> pada 1967, anggota Ikhwan Muslimin di sana tidak mengambil bahagian secara aktif terhadap penentangan, lebih menumpukan kepada pembaharuan sosioagama dan memelihara nilai Islam.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKabahā2014322–23_87-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKabahā2014322–23-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pandangan ini berubah pada awal 1980-an, dan pertubuhan Islam menjadi lebih banyak terlibat dalam politik Palestin.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKabahā2014323_88-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKabahā2014323-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Usaha di sebalik perubahan ini dipacu <a href="/wiki/Ahmed_Yassin" title="Ahmed Yassin">Syeikh Ahmed Yassin</a>, seorang warga Palestin dari <a href="/wiki/Al-Jura" title="Al-Jura">Al-Jura</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKabahā2014323_88-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKabahā2014323-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dengan latar belakang yang sederhana dan seorang yang lumpuh,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKabahā2014323_88-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKabahā2014323-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> beliau menjadi salah seorang pemimpin Ikhwan Muslimin di Gaza. Keyakinan dan karisma beliau telah mewujudkan sebuah kumpulan pengikut yang setia, yang boleh membantu beliau untuk apa jua—daripada kelengkapan diri, pengangkuitan dari satu tempat ke satu tempat, menyebarkan strateginya kepada khalayak.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJefferis201650–51_89-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJefferis201650–51-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pada 1973, Ahmad telah mengasaskan sebuah badan kebajikan sosioagama <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mujama_al-Islami&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mujama al-Islami (laman tidak wujud)">Mujama al-Islami</a> ("Majlis Islam") di Gaza sebagai satu cabang kepada Ikhwan Muslimin.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAbu_Amr199416_90-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAbu_Amr199416-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESingh2013153_91-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESingh2013153-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Pihak berkuasa Israel pada 1970-an dan 1980-an menunjukkan sikap acuh tak acuh terhadap Mujama al-Islami. Mereka melihat ia sebagai sebuah kumpulan agama yang kurang ganas menentang Israel lebih daripada Fatah dan <a href="/wiki/Pertubuhan_Pembebasan_Palestin" title="Pertubuhan Pembebasan Palestin">Pertubuhan Pembebasan Palestin</a> (PLO), ramai juga percaya bahawa pertembungan antara kumpulan-kumpulan pejuang Islam dan PLO akan membawa kepada kelemahan pertubuhan tersebut.<sup id="cite_ref-:02_92-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELevitt200624_93-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELevitt200624-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMattar2005195_94-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMattar2005195-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHassan201480_95-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHassan201480-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAbu_Amr199435_96-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAbu_Amr199435-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Maka, pemerintah Israel tidak campur tangan dalam pergaduhan PLO dan kumpulan pejuang Islam.<sup id="cite_ref-:02_92-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Pada 1984 Ahmad Yassin ditahan selepas pihak Israel menemui senjata kumpulannya,<sup id="cite_ref-:02_92-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> tetapi dibebaskan pada Mei 1985 sebagai sebahagian daripada <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rundingan_Jibril&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rundingan Jibril (laman tidak wujud)">pertukaran tahanan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELevitt200635_97-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELevitt200635-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMannes2004114_98-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMannes2004114-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Beliau kemudiannya meluaskan capaian kebajikannya di Gaza.<sup id="cite_ref-:02_92-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Susulan daripada pembebasan beliau, Ahmad Yassin menubuhkan <i>Majd</i> (singkatan kepada nama <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Arab" title="Bahasa Arab">Arab</a>: <span lang="ar" dir="rtl">المنظمة الجهاد والدعوة</span>, <small>rumi: </small><span title="Arab-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn">Munazamat al-Jihad wa al-Da'wa</i></span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Terjemahan_literal" title="Terjemahan literal">lit.</a> </small>'Pertubuhan Jihad dan Dakwah'<span class="lang-comment" style="font-style: normal; display: none; color: #33aa33; margin-left: 0.3em;">code: ar is deprecated </span>), diterajui oleh bekas pemimpin pelajar, <a href="/wiki/Yahya_Sinwar" title="Yahya Sinwar">Yahya Sinwar</a> dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ruhi_Musytaha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ruhi Musytaha (laman tidak wujud)">Ruhi Musytaha</a>, ditugaskan untuk menangani isu keselamatan dalaman dan memburu individu dikalangan rakyat tempatan yang memberi maklumat kepada perkhidmatan perisikan Israel (<a href="/wiki/Shin_Bet" title="Shin Bet">Shin Bet</a>). <sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMishalSela200634_99-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMishalSela200634-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMilton-EdwardsFarrell2013116_100-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMilton-EdwardsFarrell2013116-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Shin Bet berbeza dengan <a href="/wiki/Mossad" title="Mossad">Mossad</a>. Ini kerana Mossad menjalankan kegiatan risikan diluar negara Israel.</i> Pada masa yang sama, beliau mengarahkan bekas pemimpin pelajar, <a href="/wiki/Solah_Syahadah" title="Solah Syahadah">Solah Syahadah</a> menubuhkan <i>al-Mujahidun al-Filastiniun</i> (pejuang Palestin), tetapi kumpulan bersenjata ini telah diketahui dengan cepat oleh Israel dan senjata mereka telah dirampas.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENajibFriedrich2007103_101-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENajibFriedrich2007103-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>f<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Idea mengenai Hamas bermula untuk dibentuk pada 10 Disember 1987, apabila beberapa anggota Ikhwan Muslimin<sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>g<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> bersidang sehari selepas berlaku sebuah peristiwa iaitu trak tentera Israel telah berlanggar dengan sebuah kereta di <a href="/w/index.php?title=Titik_semak_Israel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Titik semak Israel (laman tidak wujud)">titik pemeriksaan Gaza</a> yang membunuh empat orang pekerja harian Palestin, mendorong kepada <a href="/wiki/Intifadah_Pertama" title="Intifadah Pertama">Intifadah Pertama</a>. Kumpulan ini bertemu di rumah Ahmad Yassin untuk menyusun strategi bagaimana untuk memaksimumkan kesan peristiwa tersebut dalam menyebarkan sentimen pembebasan negara dan mencetuskan tunjuk rasa awam.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAbu-Amr199310_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAbu-Amr199310-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Satu risalah diterbitkan pada pada 14 Disember menyeru kepada penentangan resistance yang boleh dianggap sebagai pendedahan pertama mereka kepada umum, walaupun nama Hamas itu sendiri tidak digunakan sehingga Januari 1988.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAbu-Amr199310_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAbu-Amr199310-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ahmad Yassin tidak berhubung secara terus dengan pertubuhan tetapi memberi restu kepada mereka.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHuestonPierpaoliZahar201467_104-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHuestonPierpaoliZahar201467-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hamas secara rasmi diiktiraf oleh Ikhwan Muslimin Jordan selepas sebuah mesyuarat penting diadakan di Amman pada Februari 1988.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHuestonPierpaoliZahar201467-68_105-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHuestonPierpaoliZahar201467-68-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kepada kebanyakan orang Palestin, Hamas muncul untuk melibatkan diri dengan lebih telus dengan semangat kebangsaan mereka, memandangkan ia hanya menyediakan versi Islamik terhadap matlamat PLO, perjuangan bersenjata untuk membebaskan keseluruhan Palestin, bukan kawasan yang dikompromi PLO—yang lebih kecil daripada kawasan <a href="/wiki/Palestin_Bermandat" title="Palestin Bermandat">Palestin Bermandat</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMishalSela200614–15_106-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMishalSela200614–15-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Pada Ogos 1988, Hamas menerbitkan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Piagam_Hamas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Piagam Hamas (laman tidak wujud)">Piagam Hamas</a>, di mana ia menyatakan sendiri Hamas ialah sebahagian daripada Ikhwan Muslimin dan minatnya terhadap penubuhan "sebuah negara Islam seluruh Palestin".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKabahā2014324_107-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKabahā2014324-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pasca_pembentukan_Hamas">Pasca pembentukan Hamas</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hamas&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Sunting bahagian: Pasca pembentukan Hamas" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hamas&action=edit&section=4" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Pasca pembentukan Hamas"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Intifadah_Pertama">Intifadah Pertama</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hamas&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Sunting bahagian: Intifadah Pertama" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hamas&action=edit&section=5" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Intifadah Pertama"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r5614044">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Rencana utama: <a href="/wiki/Intifadah_Pertama" title="Intifadah Pertama">Intifadah Pertama</a></div> <p>Pada tahun 1987, sewaktu <a href="/wiki/Intifadah_Pertama" title="Intifadah Pertama">Intifadah Pertama</a>, Sheikh Ahmed Yassin dan enam ahli <i>Mujama al-Islamiya</i> telah menubuhkan gerakan yang dinamakan <i><b>Hamas</b></i>, asalnya pertubuhan ini memanggilnya "sayap separa-ketenteraan" bagi <a href="/wiki/Ikhwan_Muslimin" title="Ikhwan Muslimin">Ikhwan Muslimin</a> Palestin , dan Sheikh Ahmed Yassin menjadi tokoh pemimpin agamawan <i>Hamas</i>. Beliau juga telah bertanggungjawab bagi beberapa siri serangan berani mati yang menyasarkan wilayah pendudukan Israel. Ekoran kejadian tersebut, Hamas telah dicatatkan dalam senarai pertubuhan pengganas .<sup id="cite_ref-newsbbccouk22_108-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-newsbbccouk22-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pada waktu tersebut, Mujama al-Islamiya mengawal sekitar 40% anggaran bilangan masjid di Tebing Gaza. Israel juga mengesyaki Pertubuhan gerakan Mujama al-Islamiya mungkin menjadi kepentingan bagi aktiviti pejuang Hamas. Ini diyakini dengan mereka secara terus-menerus memberikan perlindungan dari segi sokongan, penggubahan dan pemindahan dana, memudahkan propaganda <i>Hamas</i> dan usaha perekrutan ,menyediakan pekerjaan bagi pengusahanya, dan berkhidmat sebagai rangkaian bantuan logistik .<sup id="cite_ref-109" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Intifadah_Kedua">Intifadah Kedua</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hamas&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Sunting bahagian: Intifadah Kedua" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hamas&action=edit&section=6" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Intifadah Kedua"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5614044"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Rencana utama: <a href="/wiki/Intifadah_Kedua" title="Intifadah Kedua">Intifadah Kedua</a></div> <p>Pada 28 September 2000 – 8 Februari 2005 telah berlakunya kebangkitan dalam penentangan rakyat Palestin terhadap pendudukan Israel yang didorong oleh kegagalan Sidang Kemuncak Kem David pada tahun 2000, yang dijangka mencapai persetujuan muktamad mengenai proses damai Israel-Palestin pada bulan Julai tahun 2000. </p><p> Ditambah pula dengan rombongan lawatan dari Israel oleh <a href="/wiki/Parti_politik" title="Parti politik">parti politik</a> <a href="/wiki/Likud" title="Likud">Likud</a> melibatkan Perdana Menteri Israel <a href="/wiki/Ariel_Sharon" title="Ariel Sharon">Ariel Sharon</a> di Temple Mount yang juga dikenali sebagai <a href="/wiki/Masjid_al-Aqsa" title="Masjid al-Aqsa">Masjid al-Aqsa</a> kawasan suci bagi kedua-dua orang Yahudi dan Islam. Ariel Sharon dengan kenyataan kontroversi menyatakan bahawa : <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r6366573">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 50px;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .templatequote .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;padding-left:1.5em;padding-top:1.0em;margin-top:0}</style></p><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>"Masjid al-Aqsa berada di tangan kita dan akan kekal di tangan kita. Ia adalah tapak paling suci dalam agama Yahudi dan adalah hak setiap orang Yahudi untuk melawat Masjid al-Aqsa."</p></blockquote> <p>Lawatan ini dilihat oleh rakyat Palestin sebagai sangat provokatif dan mewujudkan rasa ketidakpuasaan yang mengakibatkan berlakunya penunjuk perasaan dikalangan rakyat Palestin. Kejadian ini membuatkan rakyat Palestin membaling batu ke arah polis dan kemudian dibubarkan oleh <a href="/wiki/Angkatan_Tentera_Israel" class="mw-redirect" title="Angkatan Tentera Israel">tentera Zionis Israel</a> dengan menggunakan gas pemedih mata dan peluru getah. Rusuhan yang berlaku di kalangan penduduk Palestin dan rejim Zionis Israel, mengakibatkan berlaku insiden pertempuran antara tentera Zionis Israel dan orang ramai yang membantah. Susulan insiden yang terjadi, ramai yang tercedera dalam rusuhan tersebut. Kemudian, bermulalah <a href="/wiki/Intifadah_Kedua" title="Intifadah Kedua">Intifadah Kedua</a> yang melibatkan antara kumpulan pembebasan Palestin dan tentera rejim Zionis. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Perjanjian_Oslo_1993">Perjanjian Oslo 1993</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hamas&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Sunting bahagian: Perjanjian Oslo 1993" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hamas&action=edit&section=7" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Perjanjian Oslo 1993"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5614044"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Rencana utama: <a href="/wiki/Perjanjian_Oslo" title="Perjanjian Oslo">Perjanjian Oslo</a></div> <p>Perjanjian Oslo yang ditandatangani oleh <a href="/wiki/Pihak_Berkuasa_Palestin" title="Pihak Berkuasa Palestin">Pihak Berkuasa Palestin</a> (PLO) pada 13 September 1993, telah menimbulkan banyak ketidakpuasan hati dan penentangan dikalangan rakyat Palestin sendiri, dan juga kumpulan pembebasan Palestin seperti <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Hamas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jihad_Islam_Palestin" title="Jihad Islam Palestin">Jihad Islam Palestin</a> dan kumpulan lain yang ada di Palestin. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pilihan_raya_Palestin_2005–2006"><span id="Pilihan_raya_Palestin_2005.E2.80.932006"></span>Pilihan raya Palestin 2005–2006</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hamas&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Sunting bahagian: Pilihan raya Palestin 2005–2006" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hamas&action=edit&section=8" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Pilihan raya Palestin 2005–2006"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5614044"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Rencana utama: <a href="/wiki/Pilihan_raya_perundangan_Palestin_2006" title="Pilihan raya perundangan Palestin 2006">Pilihan raya perundangan Palestin 2006</a></div> <p>Pada pilihanraya yang berlangsung pada 25 Januari 2006 dan berakhir pada 29 Januari 2006 bagi pemilihan anggota Majlis Perundangan Palestin (PLC) dan badan perundangan bagi Pihak Berkuasa Palestin. Keputusannya memihak kepada Hamas, yang bertanding di bawah blok "Perubahan dan Pembaharuan", yang mana mereka menerima 44.45% undi keseluruhan dan memenangi 74 daripada 132 kerusi, sedangkan penyandang Fatah menerima 41.43% undi keseluruhan dan hanya memenangi 45 kerusi. Ekoran kemenangan pilihanraya keatas Hamas, perletakan jawatan <a href="/wiki/Ahmed_Qurei" title="Ahmed Qurei">Ahmed Qurei</a> telah dilaksanakan dimana digantikan dengan <a href="/wiki/Ismail_Haniyeh" title="Ismail Haniyeh">Ismail Haniyah</a> . Pada 2007, Hamas telah <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mengambil_alih_pentadbiran_Gaza&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mengambil alih pentadbiran Gaza (laman tidak wujud)">mengambil alih pentadbiran Gaza</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Konflik_Fatah-Hamas">Konflik Fatah-Hamas</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hamas&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Sunting bahagian: Konflik Fatah-Hamas" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hamas&action=edit&section=9" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Konflik Fatah-Hamas"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5614044"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Rencana utama: <a href="/wiki/Konflik_Fatah-Hamas" class="mw-redirect" title="Konflik Fatah-Hamas">Konflik Fatah-Hamas</a></div> <p>Pada Februari 2007, sewaktu ketegangan memuncak antara Fatah dan Hamas. Kumpulan bersenjata <a href="/wiki/Fatah" title="Fatah">Fatah</a> telah menggempur <a href="/wiki/Universiti_Islam_Gaza" title="Universiti Islam Gaza">Universiti Islam Gaza</a> (IUG). Universiti tersebut didakwa pihak Fatah dimana Hamas menjadikannya sebagai markas menyimpan puluhan pelancar bom tangan roket (RPG), roket-roket dan senapang tempur <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rifal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rifal (laman tidak wujud)">rifal</a>, serta beribu butir peluru yang berada didalam Universiti tersebut. Tuduhan yang dibuat telah dimuat naik oleh media <a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_Post&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="New York Post (laman tidak wujud)">New York Post</a> di laman webnya.<sup id="cite_ref-nypost2_110-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nypost2-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Perang_Gaza_2008">Perang Gaza 2008</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hamas&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Sunting bahagian: Perang Gaza 2008" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hamas&action=edit&section=10" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Perang Gaza 2008"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5614044"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Rencana utama: <a href="/wiki/Konflik_Israel%E2%80%93Gaza_2008%E2%80%932009" title="Konflik Israel–Gaza 2008–2009">Konflik Israel–Gaza 2008–2009</a></div> <p>Pada Desember 2008, Universiti Islam Gaza telah dibom dalam enam siri serangan udara yang dilakukan <a href="/wiki/Tentera_Udara_Israel" title="Tentera Udara Israel">Tentera Udara Israel</a> sewaktu <a href="/wiki/Konflik_Israel%E2%80%93Gaza_2008%E2%80%932009" title="Konflik Israel–Gaza 2008–2009">Konflik Israel-Gaza (2008-2009)</a>, dimana pihak Zionis Israel mereka-cerita bahwa fasiliti universiti tersebut digunakan oleh <i>Hamas</i> untuk membangunkan dan menyimpan senjata-senjata termasuk <a href="/wiki/Roket_Qassam" title="Roket Qassam">Roket Qassam</a> yang digunakan bagi menyasarkan wilayah pendudukan Israel. Namun, Hamas menafikan dakwaan Israel yang dianggap mereka palsu semata yang bertujuan untuk membenarkan pembunuhan keatas rakyat Palestin. Universiti di Genting Gaza tersebut sekali lagi menjadi sasaran serangan udara rejim Zionis sewaktu <a href="/wiki/Konflik_Israel%E2%80%93Gaza_2014" title="Konflik Israel–Gaza 2014">Konflik Israel–Gaza 2014</a>. Rejim Zionis Israel membuat dakwaan dengan mengatakan serangan mereka menyasarkan gudang pembuatan senjata oleh Hamas yang berpusat di Universiti tersebut.<sup id="cite_ref-111" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kedudukan_dasar">Kedudukan dasar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hamas&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Sunting bahagian: Kedudukan dasar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hamas&action=edit&section=11" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Kedudukan dasar"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Piagam_Hamas">Piagam Hamas</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hamas&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Sunting bahagian: Piagam Hamas" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hamas&action=edit&section=12" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Piagam Hamas"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Penyelesaian_dua_negara">Penyelesaian dua negara</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hamas&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Sunting bahagian: Penyelesaian dua negara" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hamas&action=edit&section=13" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Penyelesaian dua negara"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cadangan_Hudna">Cadangan Hudna</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hamas&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Sunting bahagian: Cadangan Hudna" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hamas&action=edit&section=14" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Cadangan Hudna"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dasar_agama">Dasar agama</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hamas&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Sunting bahagian: Dasar agama" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hamas&action=edit&section=15" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Dasar agama"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Organisasi">Organisasi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hamas&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Sunting bahagian: Organisasi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hamas&action=edit&section=16" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Organisasi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kepimpinan_dan_struktur">Kepimpinan dan struktur</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hamas&veaction=edit&section=17" title="Sunting bahagian: Kepimpinan dan struktur" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hamas&action=edit&section=17" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Kepimpinan dan struktur"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Biro_Politik">Biro Politik</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hamas&veaction=edit&section=18" title="Sunting bahagian: Biro Politik" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hamas&action=edit&section=18" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Biro Politik"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kewangan_dan_pendanaan">Kewangan dan pendanaan</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hamas&veaction=edit&section=19" title="Sunting bahagian: Kewangan dan pendanaan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hamas&action=edit&section=19" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Kewangan dan pendanaan"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Khidmat_masyarakat">Khidmat masyarakat</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hamas&veaction=edit&section=20" title="Sunting bahagian: Khidmat masyarakat" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hamas&action=edit&section=20" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Khidmat masyarakat"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ketenteraan">Ketenteraan</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hamas&veaction=edit&section=21" title="Sunting bahagian: Ketenteraan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hamas&action=edit&section=21" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Ketenteraan"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Media">Media</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hamas&veaction=edit&section=22" title="Sunting bahagian: Media" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hamas&action=edit&section=22" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Media"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Penerimaan">Penerimaan</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hamas&veaction=edit&section=23" title="Sunting bahagian: Penerimaan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hamas&action=edit&section=23" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Penerimaan"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Penandaan_kumpulan_pengganas">Penandaan kumpulan pengganas</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hamas&veaction=edit&section=24" title="Sunting bahagian: Penandaan kumpulan pengganas" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hamas&action=edit&section=24" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Penandaan kumpulan pengganas"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Amerika Syarikat menandakan Hamas sebagai sebuah pertubuhan pengganas pada 1995, begitu juga Kanada pada November 2002,<sup id="cite_ref-AFPC-NA2_112-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AFPC-NA2-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> dan United Kingdom pada November 2021. <a href="/wiki/Kesatuan_Eropah" title="Kesatuan Eropah">Kesatuan Eropah</a> menandakan sayap ketenteraan Hamas pada 2001 dan, di bawah tekanan AS,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGunning2004234_113-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGunning2004234-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> menandakan Hamas pada 2003.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELevitt200650–51_114-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELevitt200650–51-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hamas mencabar keputusan tersebut,<sup id="cite_ref-115" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> yang mana kemudiannya membawa ke <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mahkamah_Keadilan_Eropah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mahkamah Keadilan Eropah (laman tidak wujud)">Mahkamah Keadilan Eropah</a> pada Julai 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-116" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Jepun<sup id="cite_ref-117" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> dan New Zealand<sup id="cite_ref-118" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> menandakan sayap ketenteraan Hamas sebagai pertubuhan pengganas.<sup id="cite_ref-119" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-119"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pertubuhan ini juga diharamkan di Jordan.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELevitt200649_120-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELevitt200649-120"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Hamas tidak ditandakan sebagai pertubuhan pengganas oleh Afghanistan, Algeria, Iran,<sup id="cite_ref-books.google.com2_121-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-books.google.com2-121"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rusia,<sup id="cite_ref-122" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-122"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Norway,<sup id="cite_ref-124" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-124"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>h<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Turki, China,<sup id="cite_ref-125" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-125"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mesir, Syria, dan Brazil.<sup id="cite_ref-Samuel_Feldberg_pp._1872_126-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Samuel_Feldberg_pp._1872-126"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-127" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-127"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAmossy2017273,_n4_128-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAmossy2017273,_n4-128"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sokongan_awam">Sokongan awam</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hamas&veaction=edit&section=25" title="Sunting bahagian: Sokongan awam" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hamas&action=edit&section=25" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Sokongan awam"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sokongan_antarabangsa">Sokongan antarabangsa</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hamas&veaction=edit&section=26" title="Sunting bahagian: Sokongan antarabangsa" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hamas&action=edit&section=26" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Sokongan antarabangsa"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5614044"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Rencana utama: <a href="/wiki/Hubungan_luar_Hamas" title="Hubungan luar Hamas">Hubungan luar Hamas</a></div> <p>Hamas sentiasa mengekalkan kepimpinan di luar negara. Gerakan ini sengaja dilakukan Hamas bagi memecah-mecahkannya supaya Israel tidak dapat membunuh pemimpin politik dan pegawai ketenteraan yang tertinggi.<sup id="cite_ref-theatlantic.com_129-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-theatlantic.com-129"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hamas pernah bersekutu kuat dengan Iran dan Syria. Iran memberikan Hamas anggaran $13–15 juta pada 2011 dan juga capaian kepada peluru berpandu jarak jauh. Biro politik Hamas pernah diletakkan di ibu negara Syria, Damsyik sebelum perang saudara Syria meletus. Hubungan antara Hamas, Iran, dan Syria bermula dingin apabila Hamas menarik sokongan kepada pemerintahan Presiden Syria, <a href="/wiki/Bashar_al-Assad" title="Bashar al-Assad">Bashar al-Assad</a>. Malah, Hamas menyokong pemberontak Sunni berjuang melawan Assad.<sup id="cite_ref-al-monitor.com_130-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-al-monitor.com-130"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>122<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Dari 2012 hingga 2013, di bawah kepimpinan Ikhwan Muslimin, Presiden <a href="/wiki/Mohamed_Morsi" title="Mohamed Morsi">Mohamed Morsi</a>, Hamas mendapat sokongan Mesir. Walau bagaimanapun, selepas Morsi digulingkan, penggantinya <a href="/wiki/Abdel_Fattah_El-Sisi" title="Abdel Fattah El-Sisi">Abdul Fattah al-Sisi</a> mengharamkan Ikhwan Muslimin dan memusnahkan terowong Hamas yang dibina ke Mesir. Emiriah Arab Bersatu dan Arab Saudi juga memusuhi Hamas. Sebagaimana Mesir, mereka menandakan Ikhwan sebagai pertubuhan pengganas dan Hamas dilihat sama fungsinya di Palestin. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lihat_juga">Lihat juga</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hamas&veaction=edit&section=27" title="Sunting bahagian: Lihat juga" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hamas&action=edit&section=27" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Lihat juga"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hak_asasi_manusia_di_Negara_Palestin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hak asasi manusia di Negara Palestin (laman tidak wujud)">Hak asasi manusia di Negara Palestin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Senarai_parti_politik_di_Negara_Palestin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Senarai parti politik di Negara Palestin (laman tidak wujud)">Senarai parti politik di Negara Palestin</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nota">Nota</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hamas&veaction=edit&section=28" title="Sunting bahagian: Nota" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hamas&action=edit&section=28" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Nota"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Hamas menganggap <a href="/wiki/Negeri_Palestin" class="mw-redirect" title="Negeri Palestin">Palestin</a> sebagai barisan hadapan utama 'jihad', dan melihat pemberontakan sebagai cara Islam memerangi Penjajahan. Pemimpin pertubuhan itu berhujah bahawa Islam memberi rakyat Palestin kuasa untuk berhadapan dengan Israel, dan menyifatkan Intifadah sebagai kembalinya orang ramai kepada Islam. Sejak penubuhannya, Hamas telah cuba mendamaikan nasionalisme dan Islam. [...] Hamas menyatakan dirinya sebagai gerakan nasionalis."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECheema2008465_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECheema2008465-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Hamas secara utamanya ialah gerakan kegamaan di mana pandangan nasionalis mereka dibentuk oleh tetapan keagamaan mereka."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELitvak2004156–57_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELitvak2004156–57-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Hamas is a radical Islamic fundamentalist organization that has stated that its highest priority is a Jihad (holy war) for the liberation of Palestine."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECordesman2002243_78-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECordesman2002243-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"In politics everything is possible. Iraq, for instance, has the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Badr_Organization&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Badr Organization (laman tidak wujud)">Badr Brigade</a>, which is a military arm of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamic_Supreme_Council_of_Iraq&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islamic Supreme Council of Iraq (laman tidak wujud)">Supreme Council for the Islamic Revolution</a> in Iraq and has joined the political process in the country. Members of the Badr Brigade have joined the security service in Iraq. In Iraq the USA has been trying to tackle the insurgent issue through negotiations. Hizbullah in Lebanon is a political party, and it also has its militant organisations. The <a href="/wiki/Mujahideen" class="mw-redirect" title="Mujahideen">Mujahideen</a>, who were the leading militants in Afghanistan, have joined the political process in their country after more than 20 years of war. Being a militant and joining the political platform is not a sin. If we leave the Middle East and look at Sinn Fein, for example, in Northern Ireland, this group was fighting the British government and then, through engagement and direct negotiation, extremist influence was marginalised, and Sinn Fein found an opportunity to moderate itself."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZweiri2006681_80-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEZweiri2006681-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"The idea of a militant movement like Hamas possessing both political and military personas simultaneously is not especially new, with the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Irish_Republican_Army&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Irish Republican Army (laman tidak wujud)">IRA</a>/<a href="/wiki/Sinn_F%C3%A9in" title="Sinn Féin">Sinn Féin</a> and the Lebanese movement <a href="/wiki/Hezbollah" class="mw-redirect" title="Hezbollah">Hezbollah</a> being two often cited examples. However, this study argues that given the role that resistance plays in the Palestinian narrative, Hamas's dual resistance is a more comprehensive and integrated strategy than that possessed by other so-called hybrid or dual-status movements. This is because Hamas has managed to synergise its political and armed resistance efforts, and it does this to further its self-determination agendas."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKear20187_82-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKear20187-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-102">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">It is unclear whether these groups were set up in 1985 or 1986.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Abu Amr states the following people attended: Dr. 'Abd al-'Aziz al-Rantisi (40), a physician residing in <a href="/wiki/Khan_Yunis" title="Khan Yunis">Khan Yunis</a>; Dr. Ibrahim al-Yazuri (45), a pharmacist residing in Gaza city; Shaykh Salih Shehada (40), a University instructor from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Beit_Hanoun&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Beit Hanoun (laman tidak wujud)">Beit Hanoun</a>; 'Isa al-Nashshar (35), an engineer in <a href="/wiki/Rafah" title="Rafah">Rafah</a>; Muhammad Sham'a (50), a teacher in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Shati_Camp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Shati Camp (laman tidak wujud)">al-Shati refugee camp</a> and 'Abd al-Fattah Dukhan (50), a school principal at <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nuseirat_Camp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nuseirat Camp (laman tidak wujud)">al-Nusayrat refugee camp</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAbu-Amr199310_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAbu-Amr199310-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-124"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-124">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"In 2006, Norway explicitly distanced itself from the EU proscription regime, claiming that it was causing problems for its role as a 'neutral facilitator.'"<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHaspeslagh2016199_123-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHaspeslagh2016199-123"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Rujukan">Rujukan</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hamas&veaction=edit&section=29" title="Sunting bahagian: Rujukan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hamas&action=edit&section=29" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Rujukan"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r5110723">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.timesofisrael.com/hamas-appoints-alleged-west-bank-terror-chief-as-deputy-leader/">"Hamas appoints West Bank terror chief as its deputy leader"</a>. <i>The Times of Israel</i>. October 25, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+Israel&rft.atitle=Hamas+appoints+West+Bank+terror+chief+as+its+deputy+leader&rft.date=2017-10-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.timesofisrael.com%2Fhamas-appoints-alleged-west-bank-terror-chief-as-deputy-leader%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AHamas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAbdelal2016122-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAbdelal2016122_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAbdelal2016">Abdelal 2016</a>, m/s. 122.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFAbdelal2016 (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors (laman tidak wujud)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDalloul2017-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDalloul2017_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDalloul2017">Dalloul 2017</a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFDalloul2017 (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors (laman tidak wujud)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAbu-Amr199310-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAbu-Amr199310_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAbu-Amr199310_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAbu-Amr199310_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAbu-Amr199310_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAbu-Amr1993">Abu-Amr 1993</a>, m/s. 10.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFAbu-Amr1993 (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors (laman tidak wujud)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELitvak1998151-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELitvak1998151_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLitvak1998">Litvak 1998</a>, m/s. 151.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFLitvak1998 (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors (laman tidak wujud)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBarzak2011-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBarzak2011_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBarzak2011">Barzak 2011</a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFBarzak2011 (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors (laman tidak wujud)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAFP2019-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAFP2019_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAFP2019">AFP 2019</a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFAFP2019 (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors (laman tidak wujud)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDalacoura201266–67-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDalacoura201266–67_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDalacoura201266–67_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDalacoura201266–67_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDalacoura2012">Dalacoura 2012</a>, m/s. 66–67.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFDalacoura2012 (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors (laman tidak wujud)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDunning2016270-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDunning2016270_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDunning2016">Dunning 2016</a>, m/s. 270.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFDunning2016 (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors (laman tidak wujud)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEStepanova2008113-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStepanova2008113_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFStepanova2008">Stepanova 2008</a>, m/s. 113.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFStepanova2008 (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors (laman tidak wujud)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECheema2008465-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECheema2008465_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCheema2008">Cheema 2008</a>, m/s. 465.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFCheema2008 (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors (laman tidak wujud)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELitvak2004156–57-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELitvak2004156–57_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLitvak2004">Litvak 2004</a>, m/s. 156–57.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFLitvak2004 (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors (laman tidak wujud)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELitvak1998hlm._151–52:_"Pendirian_anti-Yahudi_kuat_membezakan_Hamas_daripada_pertubuhan_PLO"-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELitvak1998hlm._151–52:_"Pendirian_anti-Yahudi_kuat_membezakan_Hamas_daripada_pertubuhan_PLO"_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLitvak1998">Litvak 1998</a>, hlm. 151–52: "Pendirian anti-Yahudi kuat membezakan Hamas daripada pertubuhan PLO".<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFLitvak1998 (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors (laman tidak wujud)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hoffman-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-hoffman_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite id="CITEREFHoffman2023" class="citation news cs1">Hoffman, Bruce (10 Oktober 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2023/10/hamas-covenant-israel-attack-war-genocide/675602/">"Understanding Hamas's Genocidal Ideology"</a>. <i>The Atlantic</i> (dalam bahasa Inggeris)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Dicapai pada <span class="nowrap">11 Oktober</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Atlantic&rft.atitle=Understanding+Hamas%E2%80%99s+Genocidal+Ideology&rft.date=2023-10-10&rft.aulast=Hoffman&rft.aufirst=Bruce&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theatlantic.com%2Finternational%2Farchive%2F2023%2F10%2Fhamas-covenant-israel-attack-war-genocide%2F675602%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AHamas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFiliu201255,_64–67-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFiliu201255,_64–67_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFiliu2012">Filiu 2012</a>, m/s. 55, 64–67.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFFiliu2012 (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors (laman tidak wujud)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/defence/pakistan-afghanistan-show-support-to-palestine-calls-for-cessation-of-hostilities/articleshow/104245296.cms?from=mdr%5C">"Pakistan, Afghanistan show support to Palestine, calls for "cessation of hostilities<span class="cs1-kern-right">"</span>"</a>. <i>The Economic Times</i>. October 7, 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231007183550/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/defence/pakistan-afghanistan-show-support-to-palestine-calls-for-cessation-of-hostilities/articleshow/104245296.cms?from=mdr%5C">Diarkibkan</a> daripada yang asal pada October 7, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Dicapai pada <span class="nowrap">October 7,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Economic+Times&rft.atitle=Pakistan%2C+Afghanistan+show+support+to+Palestine%2C+calls+for+%22cessation+of+hostilities%22&rft.date=2023-10-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feconomictimes.indiatimes.com%2Fnews%2Fdefence%2Fpakistan-afghanistan-show-support-to-palestine-calls-for-cessation-of-hostilities%2Farticleshow%2F104245296.cms%3Ffrom%3Dmdr%255C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AHamas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.alghad.tv/%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ac%d8%b2%d8%a7%d8%a6%d8%b1-%d8%aa%d8%af%d9%8a%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%b9%d8%aa%d8%af%d8%a7%d8%a1%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a5%d8%b3%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%a6%d9%8a%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9/">"الجزائر تدين الاعتداءات الإسرائيلية على قطاع غزة"</a> (dalam bahasa Arab). قناة الغد. October 7, 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231007164731/https://www.alghad.tv/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B1-%D8%AA%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%AA%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%A1%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B3%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9/">Diarkibkan</a> daripada yang asal pada October 7, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Dicapai pada <span class="nowrap">October 7,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B1+%D8%AA%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%AA%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%A1%D8%A7%D8%AA+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B3%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9+%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%89+%D9%82%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%B9+%D8%BA%D8%B2%D8%A9&rft.pub=%D9%82%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%A9+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%AF&rft.date=2023-10-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.alghad.tv%2F%25d8%25a7%25d9%2584%25d8%25ac%25d8%25b2%25d8%25a7%25d8%25a6%25d8%25b1-%25d8%25aa%25d8%25af%25d9%258a%25d9%2586-%25d8%25a7%25d9%2584%25d8%25a7%25d8%25b9%25d8%25aa%25d8%25af%25d8%25a7%25d8%25a1%25d8%25a7%25d8%25aa-%25d8%25a7%25d9%2584%25d8%25a5%25d8%25b3%25d8%25b1%25d8%25a7%25d8%25a6%25d9%258a%25d9%2584%25d9%258a%25d8%25a9%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AHamas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://english.alarabiya.net/News/middle-east/2023/10/07/Adviser-to-Iran-s-Khamenei-expresses-support-for-Palestinian-attacks-Report">"Adviser to Iran's Khamenei expresses support for Palestinian attacks: Report"</a>. <i>Al Arabiya</i>. AFP. October 7, 2023 – melalui al-Aribaya.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Al+Arabiya&rft.atitle=Adviser+to+Iran%27s+Khamenei+expresses+support+for+Palestinian+attacks%3A+Report&rft.date=2023-10-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fenglish.alarabiya.net%2FNews%2Fmiddle-east%2F2023%2F10%2F07%2FAdviser-to-Iran-s-Khamenei-expresses-support-for-Palestinian-attacks-Report&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AHamas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-times-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-times_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite id="CITEREFLAZAR_BERMAN2023" class="citation news cs1">LAZAR BERMAN (November 7, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.timesofisrael.com/turkeys-erdogan-hamas-arent-terrorists-theyre-mujahideen-defending-homeland/amp/">"Turkey's Erdogan: Hamas aren't terrorists, they're mujahideen defending homeland:Report"</a>. <i>Times</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Times&rft.atitle=Turkey%E2%80%99s+Erdogan%3A+Hamas+aren%E2%80%99t+terrorists%2C+they%E2%80%99re+mujahideen+defending+homeland%3AReport&rft.date=2023-11-07&rft.au=LAZAR+BERMAN&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.timesofisrael.com%2Fturkeys-erdogan-hamas-arent-terrorists-theyre-mujahideen-defending-homeland%2Famp%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AHamas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-allies-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-allies_22-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-allies_22-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite id="CITEREFEhl,_David2021" class="citation news cs1">Ehl, David (May 15, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://amp.dw.com/en/who-is-hamas/a-57537872">"What is Hamas and who supports it?"</a>. Deutsche Welle.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=What+is+Hamas+and+who+supports+it%3F&rft.date=2021-05-15&rft.au=Ehl%2C+David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Famp.dw.com%2Fen%2Fwho-is-hamas%2Fa-57537872&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AHamas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite id="CITEREFStaff2023" class="citation news cs1">Staff (October 18, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/world/south-africa-says-it-discussed-aid-with-hamas-leader-denies-reports-support-2023-10-18/">"South Africa says it discussed aid with Hamas leader, denies reports of support"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Dicapai pada <span class="nowrap">October 18,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=South+Africa+says+it+discussed+aid+with+Hamas+leader%2C+denies+reports+of+support&rft.date=2023-10-18&rft.au=Staff&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Fworld%2Fsouth-africa-says-it-discussed-aid-with-hamas-leader-denies-reports-support-2023-10-18%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AHamas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite id="CITEREFAbdelazizEltahirIrish2021" class="citation web cs1">Abdelaziz, Khalid; Eltahir, Nafisa; Irish, John (September 23, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/after-fall-bashir-sudan-closes-door-support-hamas-2021-09-23/">"Sudan closes door on support for Hamas"</a>. 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Dicapai pada <span class="nowrap">October 18,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sudan+closes+door+on+support+for+Hamas&rft.pub=Reuters&rft.date=2021-09-23&rft.aulast=Abdelaziz&rft.aufirst=Khalid&rft.au=Eltahir%2C+Nafisa&rft.au=Irish%2C+John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Fworld%2Fafrica%2Fafter-fall-bashir-sudan-closes-door-support-hamas-2021-09-23%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AHamas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto3-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-auto3_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="error mw-ext-cite-error" lang="ms" dir="ltr">Ralat petik: Tag <code><ref></code> tidak sah; tiada teks disediakan bagi rujukan yang bernama <code>auto3</code></span></li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.voanews.com/a/experts-weigh-in-on-regional-impact-of-syria-hamas-rapprochement-teaser-/6798449.html">"Experts Weigh in on Regional Impact of Syria-Hamas Rapprochement"</a>. 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Dicapai pada <span class="nowrap">October 8,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Experts+Weigh+in+on+Regional+Impact+of+Syria-Hamas+Rapprochement&rft.date=2022-10-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.voanews.com%2Fa%2Fexperts-weigh-in-on-regional-impact-of-syria-hamas-rapprochement-teaser-%2F6798449.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AHamas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-time-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-time_27-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-time_27-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite id="CITEREFGidda,_Mirren2014" class="citation news cs1">Gidda, Mirren (July 25, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://time.com/3033681/hamas-gaza-palestine-israel-egypt/">"Hamad Still Has Some Friends Left"</a>. <i>Time</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time&rft.atitle=Hamad+Still+Has+Some+Friends+Left&rft.date=2014-07-25&rft.au=Gidda%2C+Mirren&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftime.com%2F3033681%2Fhamas-gaza-palestine-israel-egypt%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AHamas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nst.com.my/amp/news/nation/2023/11/975701/dont-label-hamas-militants-pm-tells-media-nsttv">"Don't label Hamas as 'militants', PM tells media: Report"</a>. <i>nst.com.my</i>. 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November 7, 2023 – melalui New Straits Times.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=nst.com.my&rft.atitle=Don%27t+label+Hamas+as+%27militants%27%2C+PM+tells+media%3A+Report&rft.date=2023-11-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nst.com.my%2Famp%2Fnews%2Fnation%2F2023%2F11%2F975701%2Fdont-label-hamas-militants-pm-tells-media-nsttv&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AHamas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apnews.com/article/israel-palestinians-hamas-north-korea-weapons-703e33663ea299f920d0d14039adfbb8">"Evidence shows Hamas militants likely used some North Korean weapons in attack on Israel"</a>. <i>Associated Press</i>. October 19, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Associated+Press&rft.atitle=Evidence+shows+Hamas+militants+likely+used+some+North+Korean+weapons+in+attack+on+Israel&rft.date=2023-10-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapnews.com%2Farticle%2Fisrael-palestinians-hamas-north-korea-weapons-703e33663ea299f920d0d14039adfbb8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AHamas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-PAL-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-PAL_30-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20190125-hamas-plo-slam-slam-blatant-us-interference-in-venezuela-affairs/">"Hamas, PLO slam 'blatant US interference' in Venezuela affairs"</a>. <i>Middle East Monitor</i>. 25 January 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Middle+East+Monitor&rft.atitle=Hamas%2C+PLO+slam+%27blatant+US+interference%27+in+Venezuela+affairs&rft.date=2019-01-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.middleeastmonitor.com%2F20190125-hamas-plo-slam-slam-blatant-us-interference-in-venezuela-affairs%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AHamas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.al-monitor.com/originals/2021/01/yemen-houthis-release-saudi-palestinian-hamas-prisoners.html">"Houthis, Hamas merge diplomacy around prisoner releases – Al-Monitor: Independent, trusted coverage of the Middle East"</a>. 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Dicapai pada <span class="nowrap">9 October</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+Israel&rft.atitle=Officer%2C+2+soldiers+killed+in+clash+with+terrorists+on+Lebanon+border%3B+mortars+fired&rft.aulast=Fabian&rft.aufirst=Emanuel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.timesofisrael.com%2Fmortars-fired-from-lebanon-infiltrators-killed-as-6-israelis-hurt-in-gunfight%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AHamas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.alahednews.com.lb/fastnewsdetails.php?fstid=217239">"الجبهة الشعبية: قرار الإدارة الأمريكية بتوفير الدعم للكيان هدفه تطويق النتائج الاستراتيجية لمعركة طوفان الأقصى"</a>. <i>alahednews.com.lb</i> (dalam bahasa Arab). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231009000624/https://www.alahednews.com.lb/fastnewsdetails.php?fstid=217239">Diarkibkan</a> daripada yang asal pada 9 October 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Dicapai pada <span class="nowrap">8 October</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=alahednews.com.lb&rft.atitle=%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%A8%D9%87%D8%A9+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D8%B9%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9%3A+%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B1+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A9+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A9+%D8%A8%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%B1+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D8%B9%D9%85+%D9%84%D9%84%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%86+%D9%87%D8%AF%D9%81%D9%87+%D8%AA%D8%B7%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%82+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%AC+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%A9+%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%A9+%D8%B7%D9%88%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%86+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%82%D8%B5%D9%89&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.alahednews.com.lb%2Ffastnewsdetails.php%3Ffstid%3D217239&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AHamas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto9-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-auto9_35-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231008121355/https://english.almayadeen.net/news/politics/al-qassam-fighters-engage-iof-on-seven-fronts-outside-gaza:">"Al-Qassam fighters engage IOF on seven fronts outside Gaza: Statement"</a>. <i>Al Mayadeen English</i>. 8 October 2023. Diarkibkan daripada <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://english.almayadeen.net/news/politics/al-qassam-fighters-engage-iof-on-seven-fronts-outside-gaza:">yang asal</a> pada 8 October 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Dicapai pada <span class="nowrap">8 October</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Al+Mayadeen+English&rft.atitle=Al-Qassam+fighters+engage+IOF+on+seven+fronts+outside+Gaza%3A+Statement&rft.date=2023-10-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fenglish.almayadeen.net%2Fnews%2Fpolitics%2Fal-qassam-fighters-engage-iof-on-seven-fronts-outside-gaza%3A&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AHamas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-roya-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-roya_36-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://en.royanews.tv/news/44975/2023-10-07">"Qassam Brigades announces control of 'Erez Crossing<span class="cs1-kern-right">'</span>"</a>. <i>Roya News</i>. 7 October 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231007102147/https://en.royanews.tv/news/44975/2023-10-07">Diarkibkan</a> daripada yang asal pada 7 October 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Dicapai pada <span class="nowrap">7 October</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Roya+News&rft.atitle=Qassam+Brigades+announces+control+of+%27Erez+Crossing%27&rft.date=2023-10-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fen.royanews.tv%2Fnews%2F44975%2F2023-10-07&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AHamas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.understandingwar.org/backgrounder/iran-update-october-17-2023">"Iran Update, October 17, 2023"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Institute_for_the_Study_of_War&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Institute for the Study of War (laman tidak wujud)">Institute for the Study of War</a>. 17 October 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Iran+Update%2C+October+17%2C+2023&rft.pub=Institute+for+the+Study+of+War&rft.date=2023-10-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.understandingwar.org%2Fbackgrounder%2Firan-update-october-17-2023&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AHamas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite id="CITEREFFabian2023" class="citation web cs1">Fabian, Emanuel (19 October 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.timesofisrael.com/liveblog_entry/idf-says-it-killed-head-of-military-wing-of-gazas-popular-resistance-committees/">"IDF says it killed head of military wing of Gaza's Popular Resistance Committees"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Times_of_Israel" title="The Times of Israel">The Times of Israel</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Dicapai pada <span class="nowrap">19 October</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+Israel&rft.atitle=IDF+says+it+killed+head+of+military+wing+of+Gaza%27s+Popular+Resistance+Committees&rft.date=2023-10-19&rft.aulast=Fabian&rft.aufirst=Emanuel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.timesofisrael.com%2Fliveblog_entry%2Fidf-says-it-killed-head-of-military-wing-of-gazas-popular-resistance-committees%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AHamas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto1-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-auto1_39-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jpost.com/middle-east/article-716243">"Is Jordan planning to restore ties with Hamas?"</a>. <i>The Jerusalem Post</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Jerusalem+Post&rft.atitle=Is+Jordan+planning+to+restore+ties+with+Hamas%3F&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jpost.com%2Fmiddle-east%2Farticle-716243&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AHamas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mofa.gov.bh/Default.aspx?tabid=7824&language=en-US&ItemId=22667">"Ministry of Foreign Affairs stresses importance of providing full protection to citizens, ending battle between Hamas, Israeli Forces"</a>. Bahrain Ministry of Foreign Affairs. 2023-10-09. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231010232441/https://www.mofa.gov.bh/Default.aspx?tabid=7824&language=en-US&ItemId=22667">Diarkibkan</a> daripada yang asal pada October 10, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Dicapai pada <span class="nowrap">2023-10-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ministry+of+Foreign+Affairs+stresses+importance+of+providing+full+protection+to+citizens%2C+ending+battle+between+Hamas%2C+Israeli+Forces&rft.pub=Bahrain+Ministry+of+Foreign+Affairs&rft.date=2023-10-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mofa.gov.bh%2FDefault.aspx%3Ftabid%3D7824%26language%3Den-US%26ItemId%3D22667&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AHamas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.timesofisrael.com/liveblog_entry/bahrain-denounces-hamas-kidnappings/">"Bahrain denounces Hamas kidnappings"</a>. <i>www.timesofisrael.com</i>. 2023-10-09. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231010232440/https://www.timesofisrael.com/liveblog_entry/bahrain-denounces-hamas-kidnappings/">Diarkibkan</a> daripada yang asal pada October 10, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Dicapai pada <span class="nowrap">2023-10-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.timesofisrael.com&rft.atitle=Bahrain+denounces+Hamas+kidnappings&rft.date=2023-10-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.timesofisrael.com%2Fliveblog_entry%2Fbahrain-denounces-hamas-kidnappings%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AHamas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://m.jpost.com/arab-israeli-conflict/isis-affiliated-group-in-gaza-claims-rocket-attack-on-israel-419960">"ISIS affiliated group in Gaza claims rocket attack on Israel"</a>. October 5, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=ISIS+affiliated+group+in+Gaza+claims+rocket+attack+on+Israel&rft.date=2015-10-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fm.jpost.com%2Farab-israeli-conflict%2Fisis-affiliated-group-in-gaza-claims-rocket-attack-on-israel-419960&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AHamas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211031201920/https://english.mojahedin.org/newsen/61627/Beware-Iran%27s-%27Axis-of-Resistance%27">"Beware Iran's 'Axis of Resistance' | People's Mojahedin Organization of Iran (PMOI/MEK)"</a>. Diarkibkan daripada <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://english.mojahedin.org/newsen/61627/Beware-Iran%27s-%27Axis-of-Resistance%27">yang asal</a> pada October 31, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Dicapai pada <span class="nowrap">January 16,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Beware+Iran%27s+%27Axis+of+Resistance%27+%26%23124%3B+People%27s+Mojahedin+Organization+of+Iran+%28PMOI%2FMEK%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fenglish.mojahedin.org%2Fnewsen%2F61627%2FBeware-Iran%2527s-%2527Axis-of-Resistance%2527&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AHamas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.state.gov/foreign-palestine-organizations/">"Foreign Terrorist Organizations"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Foreign+Terrorist+Organizations&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.state.gov%2Fforeign-palestine-organizations%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AHamas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto2-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-auto2_45-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.abc.net.au/news/2022-02-17/hamas-palestinian-listed-as-terrorist-group-australia-government/100839262">"Entirety of Hamas to be listed as a Islamic organisation"</a>. ABC News. February 17, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Entirety+of+Hamas+to+be+listed+as+a+Islamic+organisation&rft.date=2022-02-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.abc.net.au%2Fnews%2F2022-02-17%2Fhamas-palestinian-listed-as-terrorist-group-australia-government%2F100839262&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AHamas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220328223242/https://www.npa.go.jp/bureau/security/terrorism/031029/031029.pdf">"National Police Agency"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Diarkibkan daripada <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.npa.go.jp/bureau/security/terrorism/031029/031029.pdf">yang asal</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> pada March 28, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Dicapai pada <span class="nowrap">November 26,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=National+Police+Agency&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npa.go.jp%2Fbureau%2Fsecurity%2Fterrorism%2F031029%2F031029.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AHamas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mofa.go.jp/policy/other/bluebook/2005/ch3-a.pdf">"Japan's Foreign Policy in Major Diplomatic Fields"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Japan%27s+Foreign+Policy+in+Major+Diplomatic+Fields&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mofa.go.jp%2Fpolicy%2Fother%2Fbluebook%2F2005%2Fch3-a.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AHamas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.publicsafety.gc.ca/cnt/ntnl-scrt/cntr-trrrsm/lstd-ntts/crrnt-lstd-ntts-en.aspx">"Currently listed entities"</a>. December 21, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Currently+listed+entities&rft.date=2018-12-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.publicsafety.gc.ca%2Fcnt%2Fntnl-scrt%2Fcntr-trrrsm%2Flstd-ntts%2Fcrrnt-lstd-ntts-en.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AHamas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/jul/26/eu-court-upholds-hamas-terror-listing">"EU court upholds Hamas terror listing"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i>. July 26, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=EU+court+upholds+Hamas+terror+listing&rft.date=2017-07-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2017%2Fjul%2F26%2Feu-court-upholds-hamas-terror-listing&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AHamas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20190820-paraguay-adds-hamas-hezbollah-to-terrorism-list/">"Paraguay adds Hamas, Hezbollah to terrorism list"</a>. August 20, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Paraguay+adds+Hamas%2C+Hezbollah+to+terrorism+list&rft.date=2019-08-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.middleeastmonitor.com%2F20190820-paraguay-adds-hamas-hezbollah-to-terrorism-list%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AHamas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-auto_51-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/proscribed-terror-groups-or-organisations--2/proscribed-terrorist-groups-or-organisations-accessible-version">"Proscribed terrorist groups or organisations"</a>. <i>GOV.UK</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=GOV.UK&rft.atitle=Proscribed+terrorist+groups+or+organisations&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gov.uk%2Fgovernment%2Fpublications%2Fproscribed-terror-groups-or-organisations--2%2Fproscribed-terrorist-groups-or-organisations-accessible-version&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AHamas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MERIP_1989222-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-MERIP_1989222_52-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite id="CITEREFTaraki1989" class="citation magazine cs1">Taraki, Lisa (January–February 1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://merip.org/1989/01/the-islamic-resistance-movement-in-the-palestinian-uprising/">"The Islamic Resistance Movement in the Palestinian Uprising"</a>. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Middle_East_Report&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Middle East Report (laman tidak wujud)">Middle East Report</a></i>. No. 156. Tacoma, WA: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Middle_East_Research_and_Information_Project&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Middle East Research and Information Project (laman tidak wujud)">MERIP</a>. m/s. 30–32. <a href="/wiki/Doi" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F3012813">10.2307/3012813</a>. <a href="/wiki/Nombor_Siri_Piawai_Antarabangsa" title="Nombor Siri Piawai Antarabangsa">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/0899-2851">0899-2851</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR" title="JSTOR">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.jstor.org/stable/3012813">3012813</a>. <a href="/wiki/Online_Computer_Library_Center" title="Online Computer Library Center">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/oclc/615545050">615545050</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220201212246/https://merip.org/1989/01/the-islamic-resistance-movement-in-the-palestinian-uprising/">Diarkibkan</a> daripada yang asal pada February 1, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Dicapai pada <span class="nowrap">February 1,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Middle+East+Report&rft.atitle=The+Islamic+Resistance+Movement+in+the+Palestinian+Uprising&rft.issue=156&rft.pages=30-32&rft.date=1989-01%2F1989-02&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F615545050&rft.issn=0899-2851&rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F3012813%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F3012813&rft.aulast=Taraki&rft.aufirst=Lisa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmerip.org%2F1989%2F01%2Fthe-islamic-resistance-movement-in-the-palestinian-uprising%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AHamas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oed.com/dictionary/hamas_n">"Hamas, n. meanings, etymology and more"</a>. <i>Oxford English Dictionary</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Oxford+English+Dictionary&rft.atitle=Hamas%2C+n.+meanings%2C+etymology+and+more&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oed.com%2Fdictionary%2Fhamas_n&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AHamas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:1_54-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite id="CITEREFLopezIrelandIrelandLewis2020" class="citation book cs1">Lopez, Anthony; Ireland, Carol; Ireland, Jane; Lewis, Michael (2020). <i>The Handbook of Collective Violence: Current Developments and Understanding</i>. <a href="/wiki/Taylor_%26_Francis" title="Taylor & Francis">Taylor & Francis</a>. m/s. 239. <a href="/wiki/Nombor_Buku_Piawai_Antarabangsa" title="Nombor Buku Piawai Antarabangsa">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Khas:Sumber_buku/9780429588952" title="Khas:Sumber buku/9780429588952"><bdi>9780429588952</bdi></a>. <q>The most successful radical Sunni Islamist group has been Hamas, which began as a branch of the Muslim Brotherhood in Palestine in the early 1980s. It used terrorist attacks against civilians - particularly suicide bombings – to help build a larger movement, going so far as to emerge as the recognized government of the Gaza Strip in the Palestine Authority.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Handbook+of+Collective+Violence%3A+Current+Developments+and+Understanding&rft.pages=239&rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis&rft.date=2020&rft.isbn=9780429588952&rft.aulast=Lopez&rft.aufirst=Anthony&rft.au=Ireland%2C+Carol&rft.au=Ireland%2C+Jane&rft.au=Lewis%2C+Michael&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AHamas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMiliterNegara_PalestinPLO-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMiliterNegara_PalestinPLO_55-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMiliterNegara_Palestin">Militer & Negara Palestin</a>, m/s. PLO.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFMiliterNegara_Palestin (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors (laman tidak wujud)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_56-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_56-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite id="CITEREFHiggins2009" class="citation news cs1">Higgins, Andrew (January 24, 2009). <span class="cs1-lock-subscription" title="Langganan berbayar diperlukan"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB123275572295011847">"Hamas"</a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal">The Wall Street Journal</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090926212507/http://online.wsj.com/article/SB123275572295011847.html">Diarkibkan</a> daripada yang asal pada September 26, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Dicapai pada <span class="nowrap">January 25,</span> 2023</span>. <q>When Israel first encountered Islamists in Gaza in the 1970s and '80s, they seemed focused on studying the Quran, not on confrontation with Israel. The Israeli government officially recognized a precursor to Hamas called Mujama Al-Islamiya, registering the group as a charity. It allowed Mujama members to set up an Islamic university and build mosques, clubs and schools. Crucially, Israel often stood aside when the Islamists and their secular left-wing Palestinian rivals battled, sometimes violently, for influence in both Gaza and the West Bank. "When I look back at the chain of events I think we made a mistake," says David Hacham, who worked in Gaza in the late 1980s and early '90s as an Arab-affairs expert in the Israeli military. "But at the time nobody thought about the possible results." Israeli officials who served in Gaza disagree on how much their own actions may have contributed to the rise of Hamas. They blame the group's recent ascent on outsiders, primarily Iran. This view is shared by the Israeli government. "Hamas in Gaza was built by Iran as a foundation for power, and is backed through funding, through training and through the provision of advanced weapons," Mr. Olmert said last Saturday. Hamas has denied receiving military assistance from Iran.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=Hamas&rft.date=2009-01-24&rft.aulast=Higgins&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Farticles%2FSB123275572295011847&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AHamas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-barel-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-barel_57-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.haaretz.com/culture/arts-leisure/afghanistan-in-palestine-1.165006">"Afghanistan in Palestine"</a>, by Zvi Bar'el, <i><a href="/wiki/Haaretz" title="Haaretz">Haaretz</a></i>, July 26, 2005</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECharrett2020129–37-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECharrett2020129–37_58-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCharrett2020">Charrett 2020</a>, m/s. 129–37.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFCharrett2020 (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors (laman tidak wujud)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SMF22-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-SMF22_59-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite id="CITEREFMadelene_Axelsson2006" class="citation news cs1">Madelene Axelsson (January 27, 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070927034525/http://www.stockholmsfria.nu/artikel/6296">"Islamistisk politik vinner mark"</a> (dalam bahasa Sweden). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Stockholms_Fria_Tidning&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stockholms Fria Tidning (laman tidak wujud)">Stockholms Fria Tidning</a>. Diarkibkan daripada <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stockholmsfria.nu/artikel/6296">yang asal</a> pada September 27, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Dicapai pada <span class="nowrap">April 10,</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Islamistisk+politik+vinner+mark&rft.date=2006-01-27&rft.au=Madelene+Axelsson&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.stockholmsfria.nu%2Fartikel%2F6296&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AHamas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDavis201667–69-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDavis201667–69_60-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDavis2016">Davis 2016</a>, m/s. 67–69.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFDavis2016 (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors (laman tidak wujud)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMukhimer2012vii,_58-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMukhimer2012vii,_58_61-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMukhimer2012">Mukhimer 2012</a>, m/s. vii, 58.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFMukhimer2012 (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors (laman tidak wujud)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.economist.com/the-economist-explains/2023/10/10/how-powerful-is-hamas">"How powerful is Hamas?"</a>. <i>The Economist</i>. <a href="/wiki/Nombor_Siri_Piawai_Antarabangsa" title="Nombor Siri Piawai Antarabangsa">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/0013-0613">0013-0613</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Dicapai pada <span class="nowrap">October 17,</span> 2023</span>. <q>In 2006, a year after Israel withdrew from Gaza, Hamas won a majority of seats in a Palestinian election and later formed a new unity government with Fatah, its nationalist rival. In June 2007, after a brief civil war, it assumed sole control of Gaza, leaving Fatah to run the Palestinian Authority (pa) in the West Bank. In response Israel and Egypt imposed a suffocating blockade on the coastal strip in 2007, strangling its economy and in effect confining its people in an open-air prison. There have been no elections since. Hamas has run Gaza as an oppressive one-party state, leaving some Palestinians there disenchanted with its leadership. Nevertheless, Palestinians widely consider it to be more competent than the ailing, corrupt pa.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Economist&rft.atitle=How+powerful+is+Hamas%3F&rft.issn=0013-0613&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.economist.com%2Fthe-economist-explains%2F2023%2F10%2F10%2Fhow-powerful-is-hamas&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AHamas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://freedomhouse.org/country/gaza-strip/freedom-world/2020">"Gaza Strip: Freedom in the World 2020 Country Report"</a>. <i>Freedom House</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Dicapai pada <span class="nowrap">October 17,</span> 2023</span>. <q>Since 2007, Gaza has functioned as a de facto one-party state under Hamas rule</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Freedom+House&rft.atitle=Gaza+Strip%3A+Freedom+in+the+World+2020+Country+Report&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffreedomhouse.org%2Fcountry%2Fgaza-strip%2Ffreedom-world%2F2020&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AHamas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite id="CITEREFBurton2012" class="citation journal cs1">Burton, Guy (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/41507185">"Hamas and its Vision of Development"</a>. <i>Third World Quarterly</i>. <b>33</b> (3): 525–540. <a href="/wiki/Doi" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F01436597.2012.657491">10.1080/01436597.2012.657491</a>. <a href="/wiki/Nombor_Siri_Piawai_Antarabangsa" title="Nombor Siri Piawai Antarabangsa">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/0143-6597">0143-6597</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR" title="JSTOR">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.jstor.org/stable/41507185">41507185</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:144037453">144037453</a>. <q>The joint Hamas-Fatah government did not last long. Within months the two sides were fighting again, eventually leading to a political split of the occupied territory, with Fatah controlling the West Bank and Hamas establishing a virtual one-party state in Gaza</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Third+World+Quarterly&rft.atitle=Hamas+and+its+Vision+of+Development&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=525-540&rft.date=2012&rft.issn=0143-6597&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A144037453%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F41507185%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F01436597.2012.657491&rft.aulast=Burton&rft.aufirst=Guy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F41507185&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AHamas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite id="CITEREFMay2023" class="citation news cs1">May, Tiffany (October 8, 2023). <span class="cs1-lock-subscription" title="Langganan berbayar diperlukan"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2023/10/08/world/middleeast/hamas-military-gaza-explained.html">"A Quick Look at Hamas"</a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231014102435/https://www.nytimes.com/2023/10/08/world/middleeast/hamas-military-gaza-explained.html">Diarkibkan</a> daripada yang asal pada October 14, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Dicapai pada <span class="nowrap">October 9,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=A+Quick+Look+at+Hamas&rft.date=2023-10-08&rft.aulast=May&rft.aufirst=Tiffany&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2023%2F10%2F08%2Fworld%2Fmiddleeast%2Fhamas-military-gaza-explained.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AHamas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite id="CITEREFStaff2023" class="citation web cs1">Staff, The (October 9, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/two-state-solution">"Palestinian history"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Ensiklopedia" title="Ensiklopedia">Ensiklopedia</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Dicapai pada <span class="nowrap">October 9,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ensiklopedia&rft.atitle=Palestinian+history&rft.date=2023-10-09&rft.aulast=Staff&rft.aufirst=The&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Ftopic%2Ftwo-state-solution&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AHamas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-seurat1719-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-seurat1719_67-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSeurat2019">Seurat 2019</a>, halaman 17-19</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aljazeera.com/newspaper/2023/10/9/what-does-palestine-declaration-of-war-mean-for-palestinians-in-gaza">"Palestinians in Gaza?"</a>. Al Jazeera.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Palestinians+in+Gaza%3F&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aljazeera.com%2Fnewspaper%2F2023%2F10%2F9%2Fwhat-does-palestine-declaration-of-war-mean-for-palestinians-in-gaza&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AHamas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jpost.com/middle-east/article-760004">"Palestinian"</a>. <q>Even Hamas in 2017 said it was ready to accept a Palestinian state with 1967 borders if it is clear this is the consensus of the Palestinians.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Palestinian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jpost.com%2Fmiddle-east%2Farticle-760004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AHamas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Jazeera,2May2017-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Jazeera,2May2017_70-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2017/5/2/hamas-accepts-palestinian-state-with-1967-borders">"Hamas accepts Palestinian state with 1967 borders: Khaled Meshaal presents a new document in which Hamas accepts 1967 borders without recognising state of Palestine"</a>. Al Jazeera. 2 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Hamas+accepts+Palestinian+state+with+1967+borders%3A+Khaled+Meshaal+presents+a+new+document+in+which+Hamas+accepts+1967+borders+without+recognising+state+of+Palestine&rft.date=2017-05-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aljazeera.com%2Fnews%2F2017%2F5%2F2%2Fhamas-accepts-palestinian-state-with-1967-borders&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AHamas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-borders1967-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-borders1967_71-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Sources that believe that Hamas' 2017 charter accepted the 1967 borders: <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite id="CITEREFBjorn_Brenner" class="citation book cs1">Bjorn Brenner. <i>Gaza Under Hamas</i>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=I._B._Tauris&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="I. B. Tauris (laman tidak wujud)">I. B. Tauris</a>. m/s. 206.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Gaza+Under+Hamas&rft.pages=206&rft.pub=I.+B.+Tauris&rft.au=Bjorn+Brenner&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AHamas" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite id="CITEREFMohammed_Ayoob" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mohammed_Ayoob&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mohammed Ayoob (laman tidak wujud)">Mohammed Ayoob</a>. <i>The Many Faces of Political Islam, Second Edition</i>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Michigan_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="University of Michigan Press (laman tidak wujud)">University of Michigan Press</a>. m/s. 133.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Many+Faces+of+Political+Islam%2C+Second+Edition&rft.pages=133&rft.pub=University+of+Michigan+Press&rft.au=Mohammed+Ayoob&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AHamas" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite id="CITEREFMaria_Koinova" class="citation book cs1">Maria Koinova. <i>Diaspora Entrepreneurs and Contested States</i>. <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. m/s. 150.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Diaspora+Entrepreneurs+and+Contested+States&rft.pages=150&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.au=Maria+Koinova&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AHamas" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a href="#CITEREFZartman2021">Zartman 2021</a>, halaman 230</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite id="CITEREFAsaf_Siniver" class="citation book cs1">Asaf Siniver (penyunting). <i>Routledge Companion to the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Routledge+Companion+to+the+Israeli-Palestinian+Conflict&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AHamas" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a href="#CITEREFSeurat2019">Seurat 2019</a>, halaman 61-62</li></ul> </span></li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite id="CITEREFHalim_Rane2009" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Halim_Rane&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Halim Rane (laman tidak wujud)">Halim Rane</a> (2009). <i>Reconstructing Jihad Amid Competing International Norms</i>. m/s. 34. <q>Asher Susser, director of the Dayan Centre at Tel Aviv University, conveyed to me in an interview that “Hamas’ ‘hudna' is not significantly different from Sharon’s ‘long-term interim agreement.” Similarly, Daniel Levy, a senior Israeli official for the Geneva Initiative (GI), informed me that certain Hamas officials find the GI acceptable, but due to the concerns about their Islamically oriented constituency and their own Islamic identity, they would “have to express the final result in terms of a “hudna,” or “indefinite" ceasefire,” rather than a formal peace agreement.”</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Reconstructing+Jihad+Amid+Competing+International+Norms&rft.pages=34&rft.date=2009&rft.au=Halim+Rane&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AHamas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBaconi2018108-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBaconi2018108_73-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBaconi2018">Baconi 2018</a>, m/s. 108Hamas’s finance minister in Gaza stated that “a long-term ceasefire as understood by Hamas and a two-state settlement are the same. It’s just a question of vocabulary.”<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFBaconi2018 (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors (laman tidak wujud)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite id="CITEREFLoren_D._Lybarger2020" class="citation book cs1">Loren D. Lybarger (2020). <i>Palestinian Chicago</i>. <a href="/wiki/University_of_California_Press" title="University of California Press">University of California Press</a>. m/s. 199. <q>Hamas too would signal a willingness to accept a long-term "hudna" (cessation of hostilities, truce) along the armistice lines of 1948 (an effective acceptance of the two-state formula).</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Palestinian+Chicago&rft.pages=199&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.date=2020&rft.au=Loren+D.+Lybarger&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AHamas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite id="CITEREFTristan_Dunning2016" class="citation book cs1">Tristan Dunning (2016). <i>Hamas, Jihad and Popular Legitimacy</i>. <a href="/wiki/Routledge" title="Routledge">Routledge</a>. m/s. 179-180.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hamas%2C+Jihad+and+Popular+Legitimacy&rft.pages=179-180&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2016&rft.au=Tristan+Dunning&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AHamas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Alsoos-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Alsoos_76-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite id="CITEREFAlsoos2021" class="citation journal cs1">Alsoos, Imad (2021). "From jihad to resistance: the evolution of Hamas's discourse in the framework of mobilization". <i>Middle Eastern Studies</i>. <b>57</b> (5): 833–856. <a href="/wiki/Doi" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F00263206.2021.1897006">10.1080/00263206.2021.1897006</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:234860010">234860010</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Middle+Eastern+Studies&rft.atitle=From+jihad+to+resistance%3A+the+evolution+of+Hamas%27s+discourse+in+the+framework+of+mobilization&rft.volume=57&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=833-856&rft.date=2021&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F00263206.2021.1897006&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A234860010%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Alsoos&rft.aufirst=Imad&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AHamas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Faeq-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Faeq_77-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite id="CITEREFFaeqJahnata2020" class="citation journal cs1">Faeq, Nasir; Jahnata, Diego (2020). "The Historical Antecedents of Hamas". <i>International Journal of Social Science Research and Review</i>. <b>3</b> (3): 33. <a href="/wiki/Doi" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.47814%2Fijssrr.v3i3.49">10.47814/ijssrr.v3i3.49</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:234607095">234607095</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Social+Science+Research+and+Review&rft.atitle=The+Historical+Antecedents+of+Hamas&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=33&rft.date=2020&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.47814%2Fijssrr.v3i3.49&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A234607095%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Faeq&rft.aufirst=Nasir&rft.au=Jahnata%2C+Diego&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AHamas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECordesman2002243-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECordesman2002243_78-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCordesman2002">Cordesman 2002</a>, m/s. 243.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFCordesman2002 (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors (laman tidak wujud)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEZweiri2006681-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZweiri2006681_80-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFZweiri2006">Zweiri 2006</a>, m/s. 681.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFZweiri2006 (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors (laman tidak wujud)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKear20187-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKear20187_82-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKear2018">Kear 2018</a>, m/s. 7.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFKear2018 (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors (laman tidak wujud)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:222-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:222_84-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite id="CITEREFKrauss2021" class="citation web cs1">Krauss, Joseph (June 15, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apnews.com/article/hamas-middle-east-science-32095d8e1323fc1cad819c34da08fd87">"Poll finds dramatic rise in Palestinian support for Hamas"</a>. AP News<span class="reference-accessdate">. Dicapai pada <span class="nowrap">October 9,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Poll+finds+dramatic+rise+in+Palestinian+support+for+Hamas&rft.pub=AP+News&rft.date=2021-06-15&rft.aulast=Krauss&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapnews.com%2Farticle%2Fhamas-middle-east-science-32095d8e1323fc1cad819c34da08fd87&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AHamas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPhillips201175-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPhillips201175_85-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPhillips2011">Phillips 2011</a>, m/s. 75.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFPhillips2011 (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors (laman tidak wujud)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHerzog200684-86"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHerzog200684_86-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHerzog2006">Herzog 2006</a>, m/s. 84.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFHerzog2006 (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors (laman tidak wujud)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKabahā2014322–23-87"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKabahā2014322–23_87-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKabahā2014">Kabahā 2014</a>, m/s. 322–23.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFKabahā2014 (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors (laman tidak wujud)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKabahā2014323-88"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKabahā2014323_88-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKabahā2014323_88-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKabahā2014323_88-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKabahā2014">Kabahā 2014</a>, m/s. 323.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFKabahā2014 (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors (laman tidak wujud)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEJefferis201650–51-89"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJefferis201650–51_89-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFJefferis2016">Jefferis 2016</a>, m/s. 50–51.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFJefferis2016 (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors (laman tidak wujud)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAbu_Amr199416-90"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAbu_Amr199416_90-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAbu_Amr1994">Abu Amr 1994</a>, m/s. 16.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFAbu_Amr1994 (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors (laman tidak wujud)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESingh2013153-91"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESingh2013153_91-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSingh2013">Singh 2013</a>, m/s. 153.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFSingh2013 (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors (laman tidak wujud)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:02-92"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:02_92-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:02_92-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:02_92-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:02_92-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite id="CITEREFHiggins2009" class="citation news cs1">Higgins, Andrew (January 24, 2009). <span class="cs1-lock-subscription" title="Langganan berbayar diperlukan"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB123275572295011847">"How Israel Helped to Spawn Hamas"</a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal">The Wall Street Journal</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090926212507/http://online.wsj.com/article/SB123275572295011847.html">Diarkibkan</a> daripada yang asal pada September 26, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Dicapai pada <span class="nowrap">January 25,</span> 2023</span>. <q>When Israel first encountered Islamists in Gaza in the 1970s and '80s, they seemed focused on studying the Quran, not on confrontation with Israel. The Israeli government officially recognized a precursor to Hamas called Mujama Al-Islamiya, registering the group as a charity. It allowed Mujama members to set up an Islamic university and build mosques, clubs and schools. Crucially, Israel often stood aside when the Islamists and their secular left-wing Palestinian rivals battled, sometimes violently, for influence in both Gaza and the West Bank. "When I look back at the chain of events I think we made a mistake," says David Hacham, who worked in Gaza in the late 1980s and early '90s as an Arab-affairs expert in the Israeli military. "But at the time nobody thought about the possible results." Israeli officials who served in Gaza disagree on how much their own actions may have contributed to the rise of Hamas. They blame the group's recent ascent on outsiders, primarily Iran. This view is shared by the Israeli government. "Hamas in Gaza was built by Iran as a foundation for power, and is backed through funding, through training and through the provision of advanced weapons," Mr. Olmert said last Saturday. Hamas has denied receiving military assistance from Iran.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=How+Israel+Helped+to+Spawn+Hamas&rft.date=2009-01-24&rft.aulast=Higgins&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Farticles%2FSB123275572295011847&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AHamas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELevitt200624-93"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELevitt200624_93-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLevitt2006">Levitt 2006</a>, m/s. 24.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFLevitt2006 (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors (laman tidak wujud)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMattar2005195-94"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMattar2005195_94-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMattar2005">Mattar 2005</a>, m/s. 195.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFMattar2005 (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors (laman tidak wujud)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHassan201480-95"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHassan201480_95-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHassan2014">Hassan 2014</a>, m/s. 80.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFHassan2014 (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors (laman tidak wujud)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAbu_Amr199435-96"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAbu_Amr199435_96-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAbu_Amr1994">Abu Amr 1994</a>, m/s. 35.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFAbu_Amr1994 (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors (laman tidak wujud)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELevitt200635-97"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELevitt200635_97-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLevitt2006">Levitt 2006</a>, m/s. 35.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFLevitt2006 (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors (laman tidak wujud)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMannes2004114-98"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMannes2004114_98-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMannes2004">Mannes 2004</a>, m/s. 114.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFMannes2004 (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors (laman tidak wujud)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMishalSela200634-99"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMishalSela200634_99-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMishalSela2006">Mishal & Sela 2006</a>, m/s. 34.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFMishalSela2006 (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors (laman tidak wujud)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMilton-EdwardsFarrell2013116-100"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMilton-EdwardsFarrell2013116_100-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMilton-EdwardsFarrell2013">Milton-Edwards & Farrell 2013</a>, m/s. 116.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFMilton-EdwardsFarrell2013 (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors (laman tidak wujud)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENajibFriedrich2007103-101"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENajibFriedrich2007103_101-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNajibFriedrich2007">Najib & Friedrich 2007</a>, m/s. 103.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFNajibFriedrich2007 (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors (laman tidak wujud)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHuestonPierpaoliZahar201467-104"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHuestonPierpaoliZahar201467_104-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHuestonPierpaoliZahar2014">Hueston, Pierpaoli & Zahar 2014</a>, m/s. 67.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFHuestonPierpaoliZahar2014 (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors (laman tidak wujud)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHuestonPierpaoliZahar201467-68-105"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHuestonPierpaoliZahar201467-68_105-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHuestonPierpaoliZahar2014">Hueston, Pierpaoli & Zahar 2014</a>, m/s. 67-68.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFHuestonPierpaoliZahar2014 (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors (laman tidak wujud)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMishalSela200614–15-106"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMishalSela200614–15_106-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMishalSela2006">Mishal & Sela 2006</a>, m/s. 14–15.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFMishalSela2006 (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors (laman tidak wujud)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKabahā2014324-107"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKabahā2014324_107-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKabahā2014">Kabahā 2014</a>, m/s. 324.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFKabahā2014 (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors (laman tidak wujud)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-newsbbccouk22-108"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-newsbbccouk22_108-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/in_depth/middle_east/2001/israel_and_the_palestinians/profiles/1695470.stm">"Sheikh Yassin: Spiritual figurehead"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/BBC_Online" title="BBC Online">BBC Online</a></i>. 22 March 2004<span class="reference-accessdate">. Dicapai pada <span class="nowrap">7 August</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+Online&rft.atitle=Sheikh+Yassin%3A+Spiritual+figurehead&rft.date=2004-03-22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F1%2Fhi%2Fin_depth%2Fmiddle_east%2F2001%2Fisrael_and_the_palestinians%2Fprofiles%2F1695470.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AHamas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-109"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-109">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amazon.com/Hamas-Politics-Charity-Terrorism-Service/dp/0300122586">Hamas: Politics, Charity, and Terrorism in the Service of Jihad</a> (2006) by Matthew Levitt. pp 23-25 <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Khas:Sumber_buku/978-0300122589" title="Khas:Sumber buku/978-0300122589">978-0300122589</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nypost2-110"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-nypost2_110-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"IRAN'S GAZA GOONS CAUGHT AT HELM OF BOMB FACTORY," by ANDY SOLTIS with Post Wire Services, <i>New York Post</i>, Feb. 3, 2007 <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.nypost.com/seven/02032007/news/worldnews/irans_gaza_goons_worldnews_andy_soltis_with_post_wire_services.html">[1]</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081204104632/http://www.nypost.com/seven/02032007/news/worldnews/irans_gaza_goons_worldnews_andy_soltis_with_post_wire_services.htm">Diarkibkan</a> 2008-12-04 di <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-111"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-111">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2014/08/israel-strikes-university-gaza-city-20148283821707200.html">"Israel strikes university in Gaza City"</a>. Al Jazeera<span class="reference-accessdate">. Dicapai pada <span class="nowrap">3 June</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Israel+strikes+university+in+Gaza+City&rft.pub=Al+Jazeera&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aljazeera.com%2Fnews%2Fmiddleeast%2F2014%2F08%2Fisrael-strikes-university-gaza-city-20148283821707200.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AHamas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AFPC-NA2-112"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-AFPC-NA2_112-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=9fQ3AwAAQBAJ&pg=PA15"><i>The World Almanac of Islamism: 2014</i></a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Foreign_Policy_Council&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="American Foreign Policy Council (laman tidak wujud)">American Foreign Policy Council</a>/<a href="/w/index.php?title=Rowman_%26_Littlefield&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rowman & Littlefield (laman tidak wujud)">Rowman & Littlefield</a>, 2014, p. 15.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGunning2004234-113"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGunning2004234_113-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGunning2004">Gunning 2004</a>, m/s. 234.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFGunning2004 (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors (laman tidak wujud)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELevitt200650–51-114"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELevitt200650–51_114-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLevitt2006">Levitt 2006</a>, m/s. 50–51.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFLevitt2006 (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors (laman tidak wujud)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-115"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-115">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eeas.europa.eu/statements-eeas/2015/150119_01_en.htm">Statement by High Representative/Vice-President Federica Mogherini on the decision to appeal the Judgment regarding Hamas</a>, January 19, 2015</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-116"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-116">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-eu-palestinians-hamas-idUSKBN1AB0VE">"EU court keeps Hamas on terrorism list, removes Tamil Tigers"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a>. July 26, 2017. <q>The lower court had found that the listing was based on media and internet reports rather than decisions by a "competent authority". But the ECJ said such decisions were not required for groups to stay on the list, only for their initial listing.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=EU+court+keeps+Hamas+on+terrorism+list%2C+removes+Tamil+Tigers&rft.date=2017-07-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-eu-palestinians-hamas-idUSKBN1AB0VE&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AHamas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-117"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-117">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">According to Michael Penn, (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ly8zBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA205"><i>Japan and the War on Terror: Military Force and Political Pressure in the US-Japanese Alliance</i></a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=I.B._Tauris&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="I.B. Tauris (laman tidak wujud)">I.B. Tauris</a> 2014 pp. 205–06), Japan initially welcomed the democratic character of the elections that brought Hamas to power, and only set conditions on its aid to Palestine, after intense pressure was exerted by the Bush Administration on Japan to alter its policy.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-118">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.police.govt.nz/advice/personal-community/counterterrorism/designated-entities/lists-associated-with-resolution-1373">"Lists associated with Resolution 1373"</a>. New Zealand Police. July 20, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Lists+associated+with+Resolution+1373&rft.pub=New+Zealand+Police&rft.date=2014-07-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.police.govt.nz%2Fadvice%2Fpersonal-community%2Fcounterterrorism%2Fdesignated-entities%2Flists-associated-with-resolution-1373&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AHamas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-119"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-119">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">David Sobek,<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=BiWsx7ClSpEC&pg=PT45"><i>The Causes of War</i></a>, John Wiley & Sons, 2013 p. 45.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELevitt200649-120"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELevitt200649_120-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLevitt2006">Levitt 2006</a>, m/s. 49.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFLevitt2006 (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors (laman tidak wujud)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-books.google.com2-121"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-books.google.com2_121-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Alethia H. Cook, "The Subtle Impact of Iran on the Flotilla Incident", in Thomas E. Copeland (ed.), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=bsuYAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA36"><i>Drawing a Line in the Sea: The Gaza Flotilla Incident and the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict</i></a>, Lexington Books, 2011 pp. 35–44 [36].</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-122"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-122">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Robert O. Freedman, 'Russia,' in Joel Peters, David Newman (eds.), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=kftqQdNNDWAC&pg=PA331"><i>The Routledge Handbook on the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict</i></a>, Routledge, 2013 pp. 325–33 [331]</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHaspeslagh2016199-123"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHaspeslagh2016199_123-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHaspeslagh2016">Haspeslagh 2016</a>, m/s. 199.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFHaspeslagh2016 (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors (laman tidak wujud)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-125"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-125">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">David J. Whittaker (ed.), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=SOhJQbP77h0C&pg=PA84"><i>The Terrorism Reader</i></a>, Routledge (2001), 2012, p. 84.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Samuel_Feldberg_pp._1872-126"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Samuel_Feldberg_pp._1872_126-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Samuel Feldberg,'Israel and Brazil:An Emerging Power and its Quest for Influence in the Middle East,' in Colin Shindler (ed.), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=d7f2AwAAQBAJ&pg=PA199"><i>The World Powers:Diplomatic Alliances and International Relations Beyond the Middle East</i></a>, I.B. Tauris, 2014 pp. 187–99</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-127"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-127">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite id="CITEREFFisher2012" class="citation news cs1">Fisher, Max (November 21, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/worldviews/wp/2012/11/21/9-questions-about-israel-gaza-you-were-too-embarrassed-to-ask/">"9 questions about Israel-Gaza you were too embarrassed to ask"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Dicapai pada <span class="nowrap">January 6,</span> 2018</span> – melalui www.WashingtonPost.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=9+questions+about+Israel-Gaza+you+were+too+embarrassed+to+ask&rft.date=2012-11-21&rft.aulast=Fisher&rft.aufirst=Max&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fnews%2Fworldviews%2Fwp%2F2012%2F11%2F21%2F9-questions-about-israel-gaza-you-were-too-embarrassed-to-ask%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AHamas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAmossy2017273,_n4-128"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAmossy2017273,_n4_128-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAmossy2017">Amossy 2017</a>, m/s. 273, n4.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFAmossy2017 (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategori:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategori:Harv and Sfn template errors (laman tidak wujud)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-theatlantic.com-129"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-theatlantic.com_129-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite id="CITEREFSchanzer2013" class="citation news cs1">Schanzer, Jonathan (June 21, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2013/06/how-hamas-lost-the-arab-spring/277102/">"How Hamas Lost the Arab Spring"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Atlantic" title="The Atlantic">The Atlantic</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Atlantic&rft.atitle=How+Hamas+Lost+the+Arab+Spring&rft.date=2013-06-21&rft.aulast=Schanzer&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theatlantic.com%2Finternational%2Farchive%2F2013%2F06%2Fhow-hamas-lost-the-arab-spring%2F277102%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AHamas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-al-monitor.com-130"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-al-monitor.com_130-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160616195431/http://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2013/04/hamas-qatar-relationship-independence.html">"Hamas Ties to Qatar Have Cost"</a>. April 22, 2013. Diarkibkan daripada <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2013/04/hamas-qatar-relationship-independence.html">yang asal</a> pada June 16, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Hamas+Ties+to+Qatar+Have+Cost&rft.date=2013-04-22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.al-monitor.com%2Fpulse%2Foriginals%2F2013%2F04%2Fhamas-qatar-relationship-independence.html%23&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AHamas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Konflik_Israel–Palestin" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r5375175">.mw-parser-output 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dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Negara</li><li>Pihak Berkuasa</li><li>Pertubuhan</li></ul></div></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angkatan_Pertahanan_Israel" title="Angkatan Pertahanan Israel">Angkatan Pertahanan Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polis_Israel" title="Polis Israel">Polis Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mossad" title="Mossad">Mossad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shin_Bet" title="Shin Bet">Syabak (Syin Bet)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nasionalisme_Palestin" title="Nasionalisme Palestin">Palestin</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Utama</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Negara_Naungan_Seluruh_Palestin" title="Negara Naungan Seluruh Palestin">Negara Naungan Seluruh Palestin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pertubuhan_Pembebasan_Palestin" title="Pertubuhan Pembebasan Palestin">Pertubuhan Pembebasan Palestin (PLO)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fatah" title="Fatah">Fatah</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Hamas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pihak_Berkuasa_Palestin" title="Pihak Berkuasa Palestin">Pihak Berkuasa Kebangsaan Palestin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Kumpulan lain</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Briged_Syuhada_al-Aqsa" title="Briged Syuhada al-Aqsa">Briged Syuhada al-Aqsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barisan_Demokratik_untuk_Pembebasan_Palestin" title="Barisan Demokratik untuk Pembebasan Palestin">DFLP</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Briged_Jenin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Briged Jenin (laman tidak wujud)">Briged Jenin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jihad_Islam_Palestin" title="Jihad Islam Palestin">Jihad Islam Palestin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerumun_Singa" title="Jerumun Singa">Jerumun Singa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Barisan_Pembebasan_Palestin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Barisan Pembebasan Palestin (laman tidak wujud)">PLF</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Barisan_Perjuangan_Rakyat_Palestin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Barisan Perjuangan Rakyat Palestin (laman tidak wujud)">PPSF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barisan_Rakyat_untuk_Pembebasan_Palestin" title="Barisan Rakyat untuk Pembebasan Palestin">PFLP</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Barisan_Rakyat_untuk_Pembebasan_Palestin_%E2%80%93_Perintah_Am&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Barisan Rakyat untuk Pembebasan Palestin – Perintah Am (laman tidak wujud)">PFLP-GC</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jawatankuasa_Penentangan_Rakyat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jawatankuasa Penentangan Rakyat (laman tidak wujud)">PRC</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gerakan_Sabirin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gerakan Sabirin (laman tidak wujud)">Gerakan Sabirin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Kumpulan pihak ketiga</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Liga_Arab" title="Liga Arab">Liga Arab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hizbullah" title="Hizbullah">Hizbullah</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="*_Garis_masa_**_operasi_ketenteraan" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sejarah_konflik_Israel%E2%80%93Palestin" title="Sejarah konflik Israel–Palestin">Garis masa</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Operasi_ketenteraan_konflik_Israel%E2%80%93Palestin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Operasi ketenteraan konflik Israel–Palestin (laman tidak wujud)">operasi ketenteraan</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-right:0.5em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konflik_antara_masyarakat_di_Palestin_Bermandat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konflik antara masyarakat di Palestin Bermandat (laman tidak wujud)">Latar<br />belakang</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="1920–1948" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.0em">1920–1948</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>1920 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rusuhan_Palestin_1920" title="Rusuhan Palestin 1920">Rusuhan di Nebi Musa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pertempuran_Tel_Hai&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pertempuran Tel Hai (laman tidak wujud)">Pertempuran Tel Hai</a></li></ul></li> <li>1921 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rusuhan_Yafa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rusuhan Yafa (laman tidak wujud)">Rusuhan Yafa</a></li> <li>1929 <a href="/wiki/Rusuhan_Palestin_1929" title="Rusuhan Palestin 1929">Rusuhan Palestin</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pembunuhan_beramai-ramai_Al-Khalil_1929&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pembunuhan beramai-ramai Al-Khalil 1929 (laman tidak wujud)">Pembunuhan beramai-ramai Al-Khalil</a></li></ul></li> <li>1936–1939 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rusuhan_Arab_di_Palestin_1936%E2%80%931939&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rusuhan Arab di Palestin 1936–1939 (laman tidak wujud)">Rusuhan Arab</a></li> <li>1944–1947 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pemberontakan_Yahudi_di_Palestin_Bermandat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pemberontakan Yahudi di Palestin Bermandat (laman tidak wujud)">Pemberontakan Yahudi</a></li> <li>1947–1948 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Perang_saudara_di_Palestin_Bermandat_1947%E2%80%931948&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perang saudara di Palestin Bermandat 1947–1948 (laman tidak wujud)">Perang Saudara</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-right:0.5em;">Siri serangan</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="1948–1970" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.0em">1948–1970</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>1948 <a href="/wiki/Perang_Arab%E2%80%93Israel_1948" title="Perang Arab–Israel 1948">Perang Arab–Israel</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pembunuhan_beramai-ramai_semasa_perang_Arab%E2%80%93Israel_1948&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pembunuhan beramai-ramai semasa perang Arab–Israel 1948 (laman tidak wujud)">Pembunuhan beramai-ramai</a></li></ul></li> <li>1948–present <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pemberontakan_Fidaiyin_Palestin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pemberontakan Fidaiyin Palestin (laman tidak wujud)">Pemberontakan Fidaiyin</a> <ul><li>1951–1967 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Senarai_serangan_menentang_Israel_sebelum_1967&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Senarai serangan menentang Israel sebelum 1967 (laman tidak wujud)">Serangan menentang Israel</a></li> <li>1950s–1960s <a href="/w/index.php?title=Operasi_tindakan_balas_(Israel)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Operasi tindakan balas (Israel) (laman tidak wujud)">Operasi tindakan balas Israel</a></li></ul></li> <li>1953 <a href="/wiki/Pembunuhan_beramai-ramai_di_Qibya" title="Pembunuhan beramai-ramai di Qibya">Pembunuhan beramai-ramai di Qibya</a></li> <li>1956 Pembunuhan beramai-ramai di <a href="/wiki/Pembunuhan_beramai-ramai_Kafr_Qasem" title="Pembunuhan beramai-ramai Kafr Qasem">Kafr Qasim</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pembunuhan_beramai-ramai_di_Khan_Yunis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pembunuhan beramai-ramai di Khan Yunis (laman tidak wujud)">Khan Yunis</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pembunuhan_beramai-ramai_di_Rafah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pembunuhan beramai-ramai di Rafah (laman tidak wujud)">Rafah</a></li> <li>1967 <a href="/wiki/Perang_Enam_Hari" title="Perang Enam Hari">Perang Enam Hari</a></li> <li>1967–1970 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Perang_Perlumpuhan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perang Perlumpuhan (laman tidak wujud)">Perang Perlumpuhan</a> <ul><li>1968 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pertempuran_Karamah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pertempuran Karamah (laman tidak wujud)">Pertempuran Karamah</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-right:0.5em;"><div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pemberontakan_Palestin_di_Lubnan_Selatan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pemberontakan Palestin di Lubnan Selatan (laman tidak wujud)">Pemberontakan<br />Palestin</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="1968–1982" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.0em">1968–1982</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>1970 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pengeboman_bas_sekolah_Avivim&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pengeboman bas sekolah Avivim (laman tidak wujud)">Pengeboman bas sekolah Avivim</a></li> <li>1972 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Penerbangan_571_Sabena&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Penerbangan 571 Sabena (laman tidak wujud)">Penerbangan 571 Sabena</a> / <a href="/wiki/Pembunuhan_beramai-ramai_di_Munich" title="Pembunuhan beramai-ramai di Munich">Pembunuhan beramai-ramai di Munich</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pembunuhan_Mossad_susulan_pembunuhan_beramai-ramai_di_Munich&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pembunuhan Mossad susulan pembunuhan beramai-ramai di Munich (laman tidak wujud)">Pembunuhan Mossad susulan pembunuhan beramai-ramai di Munich</a> (1973 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Peristiwa_Lillehammer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peristiwa Lillehammer (laman tidak wujud)">Peristiwa Lillehammer</a>)</li> <li>1974 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pembunuhan_beramai-ramai_di_Kiryat_Shmona&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pembunuhan beramai-ramai di Kiryat Shmona (laman tidak wujud)">Pembunuhan beramai-ramai di Kiryat Shmona</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pembunuhan_beramai-ramai_di_Maalot&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pembunuhan beramai-ramai di Maalot (laman tidak wujud)">Pembunuhan beramai-ramai di Maalot</a></li> <li>1975 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Serangan_Hotel_Savoy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Serangan Hotel Savoy (laman tidak wujud)">Serangan Hotel Savoy</a></li> <li>1976 <a href="/wiki/Rampasan_Air_France_1976" title="Rampasan Air France 1976"><i>Entebbe</i></a></li> <li>1978 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pembunuhan_beramai-ramai_di_Lebuh_Pesisir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pembunuhan beramai-ramai di Lebuh Pesisir (laman tidak wujud)">Pembunuhan beramai-ramai di Lebuh Pesisir</a> / <a href="/wiki/Konflik_Selatan_Lubnan_1978" title="Konflik Selatan Lubnan 1978">Konflik Selatan Lubnan</a></li> <li>1980 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Krisis_tebusan_Misgav_Am&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Krisis tebusan Misgav Am (laman tidak wujud)">Krisis tebusan Misgav Am</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-right:0.5em;">Siri serangan</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="1973–1987" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.0em">1973–1987</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>1973 <a href="/wiki/Perang_Yom_Kippur" title="Perang Yom Kippur">Perang Yom Kippur</a></li> <li>1975 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pengeboman_Jalan_Ben_Yehuda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pengeboman Jalan Ben Yehuda (laman tidak wujud)">Pengeboman Dataran Zion</a></li> <li>1982 <a href="/wiki/Perang_Lubnan_1982" title="Perang Lubnan 1982">Perang Lubnan</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pengepungan_Beirut&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pengepungan Beirut (laman tidak wujud)">Pengepungan Beirut</a></li></ul></li> <li>1983 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Epidemik_pengsan_Tebing_Barat_1983&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Epidemik pengsan Tebing Barat 1983 (laman tidak wujud)">Epidemik pengsan Tebing Barat</a></li> <li>1984 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Peristiwa_Bas_300&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peristiwa Bas 300 (laman tidak wujud)">Peristiwa Bas 300</a></li> <li>1985 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rampasan_Achille_Lauro&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rampasan Achille Lauro (laman tidak wujud)">Rampasan <i>Achille Lauro</i></a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Operasi_Kaki_Kayu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Operasi Kaki Kayu (laman tidak wujud)">Operasi "Kaki Kayu"</a></li> <li>1987 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Malam_Para_Peluncur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Malam Para Peluncur (laman tidak wujud)">Malam Para Peluncur</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-right:0.5em;"><a href="/wiki/Intifadah_Pertama" title="Intifadah Pertama">Intifadah Pertama</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="1987–1991" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.0em">1987–1991</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>1988 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pemberontakan_Tunisia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pemberontakan Tunisia (laman tidak wujud)">Pemberontakan Tunisia</a></li> <li>1989 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Serangan_bas_405_Tel_Aviv%E2%80%93Baitulmaqdis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Serangan bas 405 Tel Aviv–Baitulmaqdis (laman tidak wujud)">Serangan bas 405</a></li> <li>1990 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Krisis_Masjid_Al-Aqsa_1990&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Krisis Masjid Al-Aqsa 1990 (laman tidak wujud)">Krisis Masjid Al-Aqsa</a></li> <li>1990s <a href="/w/index.php?title=Senarai_serangan_berani_mati_Palestin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Senarai serangan berani mati Palestin (laman tidak wujud)">Serangan berani mati Palestin</a></li> <li>1994 <a href="/wiki/Pembunuhan_beramai-ramai_di_Masjid_Ibrahimi" title="Pembunuhan beramai-ramai di Masjid Ibrahimi">Pembunuhan beramai-ramai di Masjid Ibrahimi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-right:0.5em;"><a href="/wiki/Intifadah_Kedua" title="Intifadah Kedua">Intifadah Kedua</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="2000–2005" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.0em">2000–2005</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Serangan_roket_Palestin_ke_atas_Israel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Serangan roket Palestin ke atas Israel (laman tidak wujud)">Serangan roket Palestin ke atas Israel</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Senarai_serangan_roket_Palestin_ke_atas_Israel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Senarai serangan roket Palestin ke atas Israel (laman tidak wujud)">senarai</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Senarai_serangan_berani_mati_Palestin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Senarai serangan berani mati Palestin (laman tidak wujud)">Serangan berani mati Palestin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Senarai_pembunuhan_Israel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Senarai pembunuhan Israel (laman tidak wujud)">Pembunuhan Israel</a></li> <li>2000 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rusuhan_di_Israel_Oktober_2000&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rusuhan di Israel Oktober 2000 (laman tidak wujud)">Peristiwa Oktober</a></li> <li>2001 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Peristiwa_Santorini&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peristiwa Santorini (laman tidak wujud)"><i>Santorini</i></a></li> <li>2002 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Operasi_Bahtera_Nuh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Operasi Bahtera Nuh (laman tidak wujud)">Operasi "Bahtera Nuh"</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Operasi_Perisai_Pertahanan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Operasi Perisai Pertahanan (laman tidak wujud)">Operasi "Perisai Pertahanan"</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pertempuran_Jenin_2002&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pertempuran Jenin 2002 (laman tidak wujud)">Pertempuran Jenin</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pertempuran_Nablus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pertempuran Nablus (laman tidak wujud)">Pertempuran Nablus</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Operasi_Laluan_Tekad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Operasi Laluan Tekad (laman tidak wujud)">Operasi "Laluan Tekad"</a></li> <li>2003 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Serangan_udara_Ain_Al-Sahib&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Serangan udara Ain Al-Sahib (laman tidak wujud)">Serangan udara Ain Al-Sahib</a></li> <li>2004 <a href="/wiki/Serangan_Israel_di_Rafah_2004" title="Serangan Israel di Rafah 2004">Operasi "Pelangi"</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rusuhan_Israel_di_Beit_Hanoun_2004&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rusuhan Israel di Beit Hanoun 2004 (laman tidak wujud)">Suruhan Beit Hanoun</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Serangan_Israel_ke_atas_utara_Genting_Gaza_2004&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Serangan Israel ke atas utara Genting Gaza 2004 (laman tidak wujud)">"Hari Kesesalan"</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-right:0.5em;"><div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;">Kempen penentangan<br />orang Palestin</div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="2006–kini" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.0em">2006–kini</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>2006 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pertempuran_Penjara_Ariha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pertempuran Penjara Ariha (laman tidak wujud)">Pertempuran Penjara Ariha</a></li> <li>2008 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Serangan_yesyiva_Baitulmaqdis_2008&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Serangan yesyiva Baitulmaqdis 2008 (laman tidak wujud)">Serangan yesyiva Baitulmaqdis</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Serangan_jentolak_Baitulmaqdis_2008&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Serangan jentolak Baitulmaqdis 2008 (laman tidak wujud)">Serangan jentolak Baitulmaqdis</a></li> <li>2009 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Krisis_Masjid_Al-Aqsa_2009&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Krisis Masjid Al-Aqsa 2009 (laman tidak wujud)">Krisis Masjid Al-Aqsa</a></li> <li>2010 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kempen_keganasan_terhadap_Israel_2010&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kempen keganasan terhadap Israel 2010 (laman tidak wujud)">Kempen keganasan terhadap Israel</a></li> <li>2015–2016 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Konflik_Israel-Palestin_2015%E2%80%932016&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konflik Israel-Palestin 2015–2016 (laman tidak wujud)">Konflik Israel-Palestin</a></li> <li>2017 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Krisis_Masjid_Al-Aqsa_2017&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Krisis Masjid Al-Aqsa 2017 (laman tidak wujud)">Krisis Masjid Al-Aqsa</a></li> <li>2021 <a href="/wiki/Krisis_Israel-Palestin_2021" title="Krisis Israel-Palestin 2021">Krisis Israel-Palestin</a></li> <li>2022 <a href="/wiki/Penggempuran_Masjid_al-Aqsa_2022" title="Penggempuran Masjid al-Aqsa 2022">Penggempuran Masjid al-Aqsa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-right:0.5em;"><div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Konflik_Israel%E2%80%93Gaza" title="Konflik Israel–Gaza">Konflik<br />Gaza–Israel</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="2006–kini" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.0em">2006–kini</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>2006 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Letusan_pantai_Gaza_2006&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Letusan pantai Gaza 2006 (laman tidak wujud)">Letusan pantai Gaza</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rusuhan_lintas_sempadan_Gaza_2006&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rusuhan lintas sempadan Gaza 2006 (laman tidak wujud)">Rusuhan lintas sempadan Gaza </a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Konflik_Gaza%E2%80%93Israel_2006&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konflik Gaza–Israel 2006 (laman tidak wujud)"><i>Hujan Musim Panas</i></a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Serangan_Israel_ke_atas_Beit_Hanoun_2006&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Serangan Israel ke atas Beit Hanoun 2006 (laman tidak wujud)">"Awan Musim Luruh"</a></li> <li>2008 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pelanggaran_sempadan_Gaza%E2%80%93Mesir_2008&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pelanggaran sempadan Gaza–Mesir 2008 (laman tidak wujud)">Pelanggaran sempadan Gaza–Mesir</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Operasi_Musim_Sejuk_Hangat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Operasi Musim Sejuk Hangat (laman tidak wujud)"><i>Musim Sejuk Hangat</i></a></li> <li>2008–2009 <a href="/wiki/Konflik_Israel%E2%80%93Gaza_2008%E2%80%932009" title="Konflik Israel–Gaza 2008–2009">Pertempuran Al-Furqan</a></li> <li>2010 <a href="/wiki/Rampasan_armada_Gaza" title="Rampasan armada Gaza">Rampasan armada Gaza</a></li> <li>2012 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pertempuran_Gaza%E2%80%93Israel_Mac_2012&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pertempuran Gaza–Israel Mac 2012 (laman tidak wujud)"><i>Gema Kembali</i></a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Serangan_Israel_ke_atas_Genting_Gaza_2012&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Serangan Israel ke atas Genting Gaza 2012 (laman tidak wujud)"><i>Batu Lumpur Neraka</i></a></li> <li>2014 <a href="/wiki/Konflik_Israel%E2%80%93Gaza_2014" title="Konflik Israel–Gaza 2014"><i>Daun Yang Dimakan</i></a></li> <li>2015 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pembebasan_Flotila_III&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pembebasan Flotila III (laman tidak wujud)">Pembebasan Flotila III</a></li> <li>2018 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantahan_sempadan_Gaza_2018%E2%80%932019&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bantahan sempadan Gaza 2018–2019 (laman tidak wujud)">Perarakan Pulang Perdana</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pertembungan_Gaza%E2%80%93Israel_November_2018&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pertembungan Gaza–Israel November 2018 (laman tidak wujud)">Pertembungan November</a></li> <li>2019 <a href="/wiki/Pertikaian_Gaza%E2%80%93Israel_(Mei_2019)" title="Pertikaian Gaza–Israel (Mei 2019)">Pertembungan Mei</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pertembungan_Gaza%E2%80%93Israel_November_2019&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pertembungan Gaza–Israel November 2019 (laman tidak wujud)">Pertembungan November</a></li> <li>2021 <a href="/wiki/Krisis_Israel-Palestin_2021" title="Krisis Israel-Palestin 2021"><i>Pedang Al-Quds</i></a></li> <li>2022 <a href="/wiki/Pertembungan_Gaza%E2%80%93Israel_2022" title="Pertembungan Gaza–Israel 2022"><i>Fajar Menyinsing</i></a></li> <li>2023 <a href="/wiki/Serangan_udara_Gaza_2023" title="Serangan udara Gaza 2023"><i>Perisai dan Panah</i></a> / <a href="/wiki/Perang_Israel%E2%88%92Palestin_2023" class="mw-redirect" title="Perang Israel−Palestin 2023"><i>Taufan Al-Aqsa</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Diplomasi_dan_proses_pendamaian" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Diplomasi dan <a href="/wiki/Proses_pendamaian_dalam_konflik_Israel%E2%80%93Palestin" title="Proses pendamaian dalam konflik Israel–Palestin">proses pendamaian</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Garis_masa" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Garis masa</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">1948–1991</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>1948 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pengusiran_keluar_orang_Palestin_1948&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pengusiran keluar orang Palestin 1948 (laman tidak wujud)">Pengusiran keluar orang Palestin</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Senarai_bandar_dan_perkampungan_yang_dinyahpenduduk_semasa_perang_Palestin_1947%E2%80%931949" title="Senarai bandar dan perkampungan yang dinyahpenduduk semasa perang Palestin 1947–1949">bandar dan perkampungan yang dinyahpenduduk</a></li></ul></li> <li>1949 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Persidangan_Lausanne_1949&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Persidangan Lausanne 1949 (laman tidak wujud)">Persidangan Lausanne</a></li> <li>1967–kini <a href="/w/index.php?title=Petempatan_Israel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Petempatan Israel (laman tidak wujud)">Petempatan Israel</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Keganasan_petempat_Israel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Keganasan petempat Israel (laman tidak wujud)">keganasan petempat</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Undang-undang_antarabangsa_dan_petempatan_Israel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Undang-undang antarabangsa dan petempatan Israel (laman tidak wujud)">undang-undang antarabangsa</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">1990-an</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>1981–1982 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rancangan_Damai_Fahd&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rancangan Damai Fahd (laman tidak wujud)">Rancangan Fahd</a></li> <li>1991 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Persidangan_Madrid_1991&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Persidangan Madrid 1991 (laman tidak wujud)">Persidangan Madrid</a></li> <li>1993–1995 <a href="/wiki/Perjanjian_Oslo" title="Perjanjian Oslo">Perjanjian Oslo</a></li> <li>1994 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Protokol_Hubungan_Ekonomi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Protokol Hubungan Ekonomi (laman tidak wujud)">Protokol Hubungan Ekonomi</a> (Protokol Paris)</li> <li>1994 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Perjanjian_Gaza%E2%80%93Jericho&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perjanjian Gaza–Jericho (laman tidak wujud)">Perjanjian Gaza–Jericho</a></li> <li>1994–kini <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan_keselamatan_Amerika_Syarikat_ke_atas_Pihak_Berkuasa_Palestin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bantuan keselamatan Amerika Syarikat ke atas Pihak Berkuasa Palestin (laman tidak wujud)">Bantuan keselamatan AS kepada Palestin</a></li> <li>1997 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Protokol_Hebron&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Protokol Hebron (laman tidak wujud)">Protokol Hebron</a></li> <li>1998 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Memorandum_Sungai_Wye&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Memorandum Sungai Wye (laman tidak wujud)">Memorandum Sungai Wye</a></li> <li>1999 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Memorandum_Sharm_El_Sheikh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Memorandum Sharm El Sheikh (laman tidak wujud)">Memorandum Sharm El Sheikh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">2000-an</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>2000 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sidang_Kemuncak_Kem_David_2000&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sidang Kemuncak Kem David 2000 (laman tidak wujud)">Sidang Kemuncak Kem David</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Parameter_Clinton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Parameter Clinton (laman tidak wujud)">Parameter Clinton</a></li> <li>2001 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sidang_Kemuncak_Taba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sidang Kemuncak Taba (laman tidak wujud)">Sidang Kemuncak Taba</a></li> <li>2002 <a href="/wiki/Kuartet_Timur_Tengah" title="Kuartet Timur Tengah">Penubuhan kuartet</a></li> <li>2003 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Peta_hala_tuju_untuk_perdamaian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peta hala tuju untuk perdamaian (laman tidak wujud)">Peta Hala Tuju</a></li> <li>2005 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pengunduran_Israel_dari_Gaza&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pengunduran Israel dari Gaza (laman tidak wujud)">Pengunduran Israel dari Gaza</a></li> <li>2005 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Persetujuan_Pergerakan_dan_Capaian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Persetujuan Pergerakan dan Capaian (laman tidak wujud)">Persetujuan Pergerakan dan Capaian</a></li> <li>2006 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Inisiatif_Lembah_Damai&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Inisiatif Lembah Damai (laman tidak wujud)">Inisiatif Lembah Damai</a></li> <li>2007 <a href="/wiki/Persidangan_Annapolis" title="Persidangan Annapolis">Persidangan Annapolis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">2010-an</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>2010–2011 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rundingan_damai_Israel-Palestin_2010%E2%80%932011&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rundingan damai Israel-Palestin 2010–2011 (laman tidak wujud)">Rundingan damai Israel-Palestin</a></li> <li>2011 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kertas-kertas_Palestin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kertas-kertas Palestin (laman tidak wujud)">Kertas-kertas Palestin</a></li> <li>2013–2014 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rundingan_damai_Israel-Palestin_2013%E2%80%932014&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rundingan damai Israel-Palestin 2013–2014 (laman tidak wujud)">Rundingan damai Israel-Palestin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Israel_dan_Pertubuhan_Bangsa-Bangsa_Bersatu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Israel dan Pertubuhan Bangsa-Bangsa Bersatu (laman tidak wujud)">Israel</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Palestin_dan_Pertubuhan_Bangsa-Bangsa_Bersatu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Palestin dan Pertubuhan Bangsa-Bangsa Bersatu (laman tidak wujud)">Palestin</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Pertubuhan_Bangsa-Bangsa_Bersatu" title="Pertubuhan Bangsa-Bangsa Bersatu">PBB</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>1947 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pelan_Pembahagian_Pertubuhan_Bangsa-bangsa_Bersatu_untuk_Palestine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pelan Pembahagian Pertubuhan Bangsa-bangsa Bersatu untuk Palestine (laman tidak wujud)">Resolusi PBB 181</a></li> <li>1948 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Resolusi_Perhimpunan_Agung_PBB_194&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Resolusi Perhimpunan Agung PBB 194 (laman tidak wujud)">Resolusi PBB 194</a></li> <li>1967 <a href="/wiki/Resolusi_Majlis_Keselamatan_PBB_242" title="Resolusi Majlis Keselamatan PBB 242">Resolusi PBB 242</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="25px&#124;Bendera_Pahang_Gerakan_Perjuangan_Islam_(Hamas)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5375175"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-lihat"><a href="/wiki/Templat:Hamas" title="Templat:Hamas"><abbr title="Lihat templat ini" style=";;background:none transparent;color:inherit;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">l</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-bincang"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perbincangan_templat:Hamas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perbincangan templat:Hamas (laman tidak wujud)"><abbr title="Bincang templat ini" style=";;background:none transparent;color:inherit;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">b</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-sunting"><a class="external text" href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Templat:Hamas&action=edit"><abbr title="Sunting templat ini" style=";;background:none transparent;color:inherit;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">s</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="25px&#124;Bendera_Pahang_Gerakan_Perjuangan_Islam_(Hamas)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fail:Flag_of_Hamas.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bendera Pahang"><img alt="Bendera Pahang" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_Hamas.svg/25px-Flag_of_Hamas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_Hamas.svg/38px-Flag_of_Hamas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_Hamas.svg/50px-Flag_of_Hamas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Gerakan Perjuangan Islam (Hamas)</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Sayap_politik" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Sayap politik</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biro_Politik_Hamas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Biro Politik Hamas (laman tidak wujud)">Biro Politik Hamas</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pentadbiran_Genting_Gaza&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pentadbiran Genting Gaza (laman tidak wujud)">Pentadbiran Genting Gaza</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jawatankuasa_Pentadbiran_Gaza&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jawatankuasa Pentadbiran Gaza (laman tidak wujud)">Jawatankuasa Pentadbiran Gaza</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0;padding-right:0;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;">Pilihan raya</div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pilihan_raya_tempatan_Palestin_2004%E2%80%932005" title="Pilihan raya tempatan Palestin 2004–2005">Tempatan 2005</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pilihan_raya_perundangan_Palestin_2006" title="Pilihan raya perundangan Palestin 2006">Parlimen 2006</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0;padding-right:0;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;">Kabinet</div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kabinet_Ismail_Haniyeh_pertama" title="Kabinet Ismail Haniyeh pertama">Kabinet Ismail Haniyeh pertama (2006–2007)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kabinet_Ismail_Haniyeh_kedua" title="Kabinet Ismail Haniyeh kedua">kedua (2007)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pemerintahan_Hamas_2007&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pemerintahan Hamas 2007 (laman tidak wujud)">Kabinet di Gaza 2007</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pemerintahan_Hamas_2012&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pemerintahan Hamas 2012 (laman tidak wujud)">2012</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pemerintahan_Hamas_2016&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pemerintahan Hamas 2016 (laman tidak wujud)">2016</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jawatankuasa_Pentadbiran_Gaza_2017&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jawatankuasa Pentadbiran Gaza 2017 (laman tidak wujud)">Jawatankuasa Pentadbiran Gaza 2017</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jawatankuasa_Pentadbiran_Gaza_2019&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jawatankuasa Pentadbiran Gaza 2019 (laman tidak wujud)">2019</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jawatankuasa_Pentadbiran_Gaza_2021&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jawatankuasa Pentadbiran Gaza 2021 (laman tidak wujud)">2021</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0;padding-right:0;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;">Tokoh</div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Senarai_ahli_badan_perundangan_Hamas" title="Senarai ahli badan perundangan Hamas">Senarai ahli badan perundangan</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ahmed_Yassin" title="Ahmed Yassin">Ahmed Yassin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naji_Subhah" title="Naji Subhah">Naji Subhah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ismail_Abu_Shanab" title="Ismail Abu Shanab">Ismail Abu Shanab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Aziz_al-Rantisi" title="Abdul Aziz al-Rantisi">Abdul Aziz al-Rantisi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khaled_Meshal" title="Khaled Meshal">Khaled Meshal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ismail_Haniyeh" title="Ismail Haniyeh">Ismail Haniyeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khalil_al-Quqa" title="Khalil al-Quqa">Khalil al-Quqa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nizar_Rayan" title="Nizar Rayan">Nizar Rayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saleh_al-Aruri" title="Saleh al-Aruri">Saleh al-Aruri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Fatah_Dukhan" title="Abdul Fatah Dukhan">Abdul Fatah Dukhan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musa_Abu_Marzuk" title="Musa Abu Marzuk">Musa Abu Marzuk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aziz_Duwaik" title="Aziz Duwaik">Aziz Duwaik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khalil_al-Hayah" title="Khalil al-Hayah">Khalil al-Hayah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamila_al-Shanti" title="Jamila al-Shanti">Jamila al-Shanti</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0;padding-right:0;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;">Ketua di Genting Gaza</div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Aziz_al-Rantisi" title="Abdul Aziz al-Rantisi">Abdul Aziz al-Rantisi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nizar_Awadallah" title="Nizar Awadallah">Nizar Awadallah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ismail_Haniyeh" title="Ismail Haniyeh">Ismail Haniyeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yahya_Sinwar" title="Yahya Sinwar">Yahya Sinwar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0;padding-right:0;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;">Menteri Kabinet Palestin</div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0;padding-right:0;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;">2006–2007</div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ismail_Haniyeh" title="Ismail Haniyeh">Ismail Haniyeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nasiruddin_al-Syair" title="Nasiruddin al-Syair">Nasiruddin al-Syair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahmud_al-Zahar" title="Mahmud al-Zahar">Mahmud al-Zahar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omar_Abdul_Razak" title="Omar Abdul Razak">Omar Abdul Razak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Said_Seyam" title="Said Seyam">Said Seyam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basem_Naim" title="Basem Naim">Basem Naim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alauddin_al-Araj" title="Alauddin al-Araj">Alauddin al-Araj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wasfi_Kabha" title="Wasfi Kabha">Wasfi Kabha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yusuf_Rizkah" title="Yusuf Rizkah">Yusuf Rizkah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariam_Saleh" title="Mariam Saleh">Mariam Saleh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Rahman_Zaidan" title="Abdul Rahman Zaidan">Abdul Rahman Zaidan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ataallah_Abu_al-Sabah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ataallah Abu al-Sabah (laman tidak wujud)">Ataallah Abu al-Sabah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ziad_al-Zaza" title="Ziad al-Zaza">Ziad al-Zaza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nayef_Rajub" title="Nayef Rajub">Nayef Rajub</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samir_Abu_Eishah" title="Samir Abu Eishah">Samir Abu Eishah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_al-Agha" title="Mohammad al-Agha">Mohammad al-Agha</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khaled_Abu_Arfah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Khaled Abu Arfah (laman tidak wujud)">Khaled Abu Arfah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isa_al-Jaabari" title="Isa al-Jaabari">Isa al-Jaabari</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Atif_Adwan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Atif Adwan (laman tidak wujud)">Atif Adwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Barghusi" title="Mohammad Barghusi">Mohammad Barghusi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mohammed_Awad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mohammed Awad (laman tidak wujud)">Mohammed Awad</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0;padding-right:0;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;">2007</div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ismail_Haniyeh" title="Ismail Haniyeh">Ismail Haniyeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nasiruddin_al-Syair" title="Nasiruddin al-Syair">Nasiruddin al-Syair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samir_Abu_Eishah" title="Samir Abu Eishah">Samir Abu Eishah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Barghusi" title="Mohammad Barghusi">Mohammad Barghusi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ziad_al-Zaza" title="Ziad al-Zaza">Ziad al-Zaza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basem_Naim" title="Basem Naim">Basem Naim</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yusuf_al-Mansi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yusuf al-Mansi (laman tidak wujud)">Yusuf al-Mansi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_al-Agha" title="Mohammad al-Agha">Mohammad al-Agha</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ali_al-Sartawi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ali al-Sartawi (laman tidak wujud)">Ali al-Sartawi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Husin_Tarturi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Husin Tarturi (laman tidak wujud)">Husin Tarturi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amal_Seyam" title="Amal Seyam">Amal Seyam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wasfi_Kabha" title="Wasfi Kabha">Wasfi Kabha</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0;padding-right:0;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;">Menteri di Gaza</div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0;padding-right:0;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;">2007–2012</div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ismail_Haniyeh" title="Ismail Haniyeh">Ismail Haniyeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samir_Abu_Eishah" title="Samir Abu Eishah">Samir Abu Eishah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Said_Seyam" title="Said Seyam">Said Seyam</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fathi_Hamad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fathi Hamad (laman tidak wujud)">Fathi Hamad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osama_al-Muzaini" title="Osama al-Muzaini">Osama al-Muzaini</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yousef_al-Mansi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yousef al-Mansi (laman tidak wujud)">Yousef al-Mansi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_al-Agha" title="Mohammad al-Agha">Mohammad al-Agha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Barghusi" title="Mohammad Barghusi">Mohammad Barghusi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ziad_al-Zaza" title="Ziad al-Zaza">Ziad al-Zaza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basem_Naim" title="Basem Naim">Basem Naim</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ali_al-Sartawi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ali al-Sartawi (laman tidak wujud)">Ali al-Sartawi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Husin_Tarturi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Husin Tarturi (laman tidak wujud)">Husin Tarturi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amal_Seyam" title="Amal Seyam">Amal Seyam</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asyraf_al-Ajrami&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Asyraf al-Ajrami (laman tidak wujud)">Asyraf al-Ajrami</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0;padding-right:0;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;">2012–2014</div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ismail_Haniyeh" title="Ismail Haniyeh">Ismail Haniyeh</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ghazi_Hamad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ghazi Hamad (laman tidak wujud)">Ghazi Hamad</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mazin_Haniyeh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mazin Haniyeh (laman tidak wujud)">Mazin Haniyeh</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yusuf_Sobhi_Alghariz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yusuf Sobhi Alghariz (laman tidak wujud)">Yusuf Sobhi Alghariz</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mohammed_Jawad_al-Farra&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mohammed Jawad al-Farra (laman tidak wujud)">Mohammed Jawad al-Farra</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ali_al-Tarsyawi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ali al-Tarsyawi (laman tidak wujud)">Ali al-Tarsyawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ziad_al-Zaza" title="Ziad al-Zaza">Ziad al-Zaza</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mufiz_al-Makhalalati&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mufiz al-Makhalalati (laman tidak wujud)">Mufiz al-Makhalalati</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ismail_Radwan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ismail Radwan (laman tidak wujud)">Ismail Radwan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fathi_Hamad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fathi Hamad (laman tidak wujud)">Fathi Hamad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osama_al-Muzaini" title="Osama al-Muzaini">Osama al-Muzaini</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0;padding-right:0;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;">Ketua Pentadbiran Gaza</div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abdul_Salam_Seyam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abdul Salam Seyam (laman tidak wujud)">Abdul Salam Seyam</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mohammed_Awad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mohammed Awad (laman tidak wujud)">Mohammed Awad</a> (2019–2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Issam_al-Daalis" title="Issam al-Daalis">Issam al-Daalis</a> (2021–kini)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Sayap_ketenteraan" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Sayap ketenteraan</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Briged_Izzuddin_al-Qassam" title="Briged Izzuddin al-Qassam">Briged Izzuddin al-Qassam</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nukhbah_(Hamas)" title="Nukhbah (Hamas)">Pasukan elit</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0;padding-right:0;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;">Tokoh</div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Deif" title="Muhammad Deif">Muhammad Deif</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmad_al-Jaabari" title="Ahmad al-Jaabari">Ahmad al-Jaabari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marwan_Issa" title="Marwan Issa">Marwan Issa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solah_Syahadah" title="Solah Syahadah">Solah Syahadah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Ubaidah_(Hamas)" title="Abu Ubaidah (Hamas)">Abu Ubaidah</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iyad_Shalbayah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Iyad Shalbayah (laman tidak wujud)">Iyad Shalbayah</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abbas_al-Sayed&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abbas al-Sayed (laman tidak wujud)">Abbas al-Sayed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emad_Akel" title="Emad Akel">Emad Akel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Adnan_al-Ghul&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Adnan al-Ghul (laman tidak wujud)">Adnan al-Ghul</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Raed_al-Atar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Raed al-Atar (laman tidak wujud)">Raed al-Atar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mohammad_Abu_Syamalah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mohammad Abu Syamalah (laman tidak wujud)">Mohammad Abu Syamalah</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abu_Anas_al-Ghandur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abu Anas al-Ghandur (laman tidak wujud)">Abu Anas al-Ghandur</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mahmoud_Ishtiwi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mahmoud Ishtiwi (laman tidak wujud)">Mahmoud Ishtiwi</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahmoud_Ishtiwi" class="extiw" title="en:Mahmoud Ishtiwi">en</a>, <a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%85%D9%88%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%8A" class="extiw" title="ar:محمود اشتيوي">ar</a>) </span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0;padding-right:0;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;">Peristiwa<br />terkenal</div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Intifadah_Pertama" title="Intifadah Pertama">Intifadah Pertama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intifadah_Kedua" title="Intifadah Kedua">Intifadah Kedua</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tunjuk_perasaan_sempadan_Israel_2011&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tunjuk perasaan sempadan Israel 2011 (laman tidak wujud)">Tunjuk perasaan sempadan Israel 2011</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konflik_Israel%E2%80%93Gaza_2008%E2%80%932009" title="Konflik Israel–Gaza 2008–2009">Pertempuran Furqan 2008</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Serangan_tembak_menembak_Tebing_Barat_Ogos_2011&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Serangan tembak menembak Tebing Barat Ogos 2011 (laman tidak wujud)">Serangan tembak menembak Tebing Barat Ogos 2011</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Serbuan_lintas_sempadan_Gaza_2006&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Serbuan lintas sempadan Gaza 2006 (laman tidak wujud)">Serbuan lintas sempadan Gaza 2006</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Operasi_Pelabuhan_Ashdod&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Operasi Pelabuhan Ashdod (laman tidak wujud)">Operasi Pelabuhan Ashdod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serangan_Israel_ke_atas_Gaza_2012" title="Serangan Israel ke atas Gaza 2012">Operasi <i>Hijaratus Sijjil</i> 2012</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konflik_Israel%E2%80%93Gaza_2014" title="Konflik Israel–Gaza 2014">Operasi <i>Asfim Ma'kul</i> 2014</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krisis_Israel-Palestin_2021" title="Krisis Israel-Palestin 2021">Operasi Pedang al-Quds 2021</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perang_Israel%E2%88%92Palestin_2023" class="mw-redirect" title="Perang Israel−Palestin 2023">Operasi Taufan al-Aqsa 2023</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Media" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Media</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agensi_Berita_Shehab" title="Agensi Berita Shehab">Agensi Berita Shehab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Aqsa_TV" title="Al-Aqsa TV">Al-Aqsa TV</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Quds_TV&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Quds TV (laman tidak wujud)">Al-Quds TV</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Wa3ed_Band&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Wa3ed Band (laman tidak wujud)">Al-Wa3ed Band</a><span class="nowrap"> </span>(<a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%82_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B9%D8%AF" class="extiw" title="ar:فريق الوعد">ar</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Hubungan_luar" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Hubungan_luar_Hamas" title="Hubungan luar Hamas">Hubungan luar</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>Sokongan daripada <a href="/wiki/Sokongan_Iran_untuk_Hamas" title="Sokongan Iran untuk Hamas">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sokongan_Qatar_untuk_Hamas" title="Sokongan Qatar untuk Hamas">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sokongan_Turkiuntuk_Hamas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sokongan Turkiuntuk Hamas (laman tidak wujud)">Turki</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hubungan_Rusia%E2%80%93Hamas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hubungan Rusia–Hamas (laman tidak wujud)">Rusia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Lain-lain" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Lain-lain</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Piagam_Hamas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Piagam Hamas (laman tidak wujud)">Piagam</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Blok_Islam_(Palestin)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Blok Islam (Palestin) (laman tidak wujud)">Sayap pelajar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parti_Pembebasan_Kebangsaan_Islam" title="Parti Pembebasan Kebangsaan Islam">Bekas parti politik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blok_Perubahan_dan_Pembaharuan" title="Blok Perubahan dan Pembaharuan">Blok ahli parlimen (2006-kini)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Quds_Janji_Kami&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Quds Janji Kami (laman tidak wujud)">Blok pilihan raya (2021)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universiti_Islam_Gaza" title="Universiti Islam Gaza">Universiti Islam Gaza</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Mujamma%27_al-Islami&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Mujamma' al-Islami (laman tidak wujud)">Al-Mujamma' al-Islami</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Faiq_Al-Mabhouh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Faiq Al-Mabhouh (laman tidak wujud)">Faiq Al-Mabhouh</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faiq_Al-Mabhouh" class="extiw" title="en:Faiq Al-Mabhouh">en</a>, <a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%82_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%AD%D9%88%D8%AD" class="extiw" title="ar:فائق المبحوح">ar</a>) </span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Kategori"><img alt="Kategori" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Folder_Hexagonal_Icon.svg/16px-Folder_Hexagonal_Icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Folder_Hexagonal_Icon.svg/24px-Folder_Hexagonal_Icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Folder_Hexagonal_Icon.svg/32px-Folder_Hexagonal_Icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="36" data-file-height="31" /></span></span> 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