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<span>Information</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Information-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Information subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Information-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-House-listings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#House-listings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>House-listings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-House-listings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Population_enumeration" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Population_enumeration"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Population enumeration</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Population_enumeration-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-National_Population_Register" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#National_Population_Register"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>National Population Register</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-National_Population_Register-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Census_report" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Census_report"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Census report</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Census_report-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Population" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Population"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Population</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Population-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Religious_demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religious_demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Religious demographics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religious_demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Language_demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Language_demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Language demographics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Language_demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Literacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Literacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Literacy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Literacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">2011 census of India</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 17 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-17" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">17 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A7%A8%E0%A7%A6%E0%A7%A7%E0%A7%A7_%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%A3%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE" title="২০১১ ভারতের জনগণনা – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="২০১১ ভারতের জনগণনা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE,_2011" title="भारत के जनगणना, 2011 – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="भारत के जनगणना, 2011" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%8F%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE_%D0%B2_%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F_(2011)" title="Преброяване на населението в Индия (2011) – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Преброяване на населението в Индия (2011)" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volksz%C3%A4hlung_in_Indien_2011" title="Volkszählung in Indien 2011 – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Volkszählung in Indien 2011" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%B1%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C_%DB%B2%DB%B0%DB%B1%DB%B1_%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF" title="سرشماری ۲۰۱۱ هند – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سرشماری ۲۰۱۱ هند" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recensement_de_l%27Inde_de_2011" title="Recensement de l'Inde de 2011 – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Recensement de l'Inde de 2011" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A5%A8%E0%A5%A6%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%A7" title="भारत की जनगणना २०११ – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="भारत की जनगणना २०११" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sensus_Penduduk_India_2011" title="Sensus Penduduk India 2011 – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Sensus Penduduk India 2011" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%87%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%86_%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%9E%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%82_%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%B7%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF" title="ഇന്ത്യയിലെ പതിനഞ്ചാം കാനേഷുമാരി – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഇന്ത്യയിലെ പതിനഞ്ചാം കാനേഷുമാരി" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A5%A8%E0%A5%A6%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%A7" title="भारताची जनगणना २०११ – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="भारताची जनगणना २०११" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Folketellingen_i_India_2011" title="Folketellingen i India 2011 – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Folketellingen i India 2011" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DA%BE%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA_%D9%88%DA%86_%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%85_%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%8C_2011%D8%A1" title="بھارت وچ مردم شماری، 2011ء – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="بھارت وچ مردم شماری، 2011ء" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Censo_da_%C3%8Dndia_de_2011" title="Censo da Índia de 2011 – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Censo da Índia de 2011" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%92%E1%B1%90%E1%B1%91%E1%B1%91_%E1%B1%B5%E1%B1%B7%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%9B_%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%AE%E1%B1%AD%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%9C_%E1%B1%A6%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%B2_%E1%B1%9E%E1%B1%AE%E1%B1%A0%E1%B1%B7%E1%B1%9F" title="᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ – Santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/2011_%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF_%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%A3%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81" title="2011 இந்திய மக்கள் தொகைக் கணக்கெடுப்பு – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="2011 இந்திய மக்கள் தொகைக் கணக்கெடுப்பு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DA%BE%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA_%D9%85%DB%8C%DA%BA_%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%85_%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%8C_2011%D8%A1" title="بھارت میں مردم شماری، 2011ء – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="بھارت میں مردم شماری، 2011ء" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/2011%E5%B9%B4%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3%E6%99%AE%E6%9F%A5" title="2011年印度人口普查 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="2011年印度人口普查" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1861882#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" 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.mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above">15th census<br />of India</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="line-height:130%;"><hr /> <table style="width:100%; margin:1px; display:inline-table;"><tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:left; vertical-align:middle; padding:0 0.5em 0 0;" class="noprint">← <a href="/wiki/2001_census_of_India" title="2001 census of India">2001</a></td> <td style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle;; padding:0 1px;" class=""><b>9 to 28 February 2011</b></td> <td style="text-align:right; vertical-align:middle;; padding:0 0 0 0.5em;" class="noprint"><a href="/wiki/2024_census_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="2024 census of India">2024</a> →</td> </tr></tbody></table> <hr /></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Registrar_General_%26_Census_Commissioner,_India,_Dr._C._Chandramouli_and_Additional_Registrar_General,_India,_Shri_RC_Sethi_presenting_the_Report_of_Census-2011_to_the_President,_Smt._Pratibha_Devisingh_Patil.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/The_Registrar_General_%26_Census_Commissioner%2C_India%2C_Dr._C._Chandramouli_and_Additional_Registrar_General%2C_India%2C_Shri_RC_Sethi_presenting_the_Report_of_Census-2011_to_the_President%2C_Smt._Pratibha_Devisingh_Patil.jpg/220px-thumbnail.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/The_Registrar_General_%26_Census_Commissioner%2C_India%2C_Dr._C._Chandramouli_and_Additional_Registrar_General%2C_India%2C_Shri_RC_Sethi_presenting_the_Report_of_Census-2011_to_the_President%2C_Smt._Pratibha_Devisingh_Patil.jpg/330px-thumbnail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/The_Registrar_General_%26_Census_Commissioner%2C_India%2C_Dr._C._Chandramouli_and_Additional_Registrar_General%2C_India%2C_Shri_RC_Sethi_presenting_the_Report_of_Census-2011_to_the_President%2C_Smt._Pratibha_Devisingh_Patil.jpg/440px-thumbnail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2100" data-file-height="1500" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">President of India <a href="/wiki/Pratibha_Patil" title="Pratibha Patil">Pratibha Patil</a> receiving the 2011 census report from the Census Commissioner C. Chandramouli</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align: center; background-color: #efefef; margin: 0.1em; padding: 0.05em 0;">General information</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data">India</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Authority</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Registrar_General_and_Census_Commissioner_of_India" title="Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India">RGCCI</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://censusindia.gov.in">censusindia<wbr />.gov<wbr />.in</a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align: center; background-color: #efefef; margin: 0.1em; padding: 0.05em 0;">Results</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Total population</th><td class="infobox-data">1,210,854,977 (<span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 17.70%<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Most<span class="nowrap"> </span>populous<span class="nowrap"> </span><wbr />state</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="avoidwrap" style="display:inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/Uttar_Pradesh" title="Uttar Pradesh">Uttar Pradesh</a> (199,812,341)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Least<span class="nowrap"> </span>populous<span class="nowrap"> </span><wbr />state</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="avoidwrap" style="display:inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/Sikkim" title="Sikkim">Sikkim</a> (610,577)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Scheduled_Castes" class="mw-redirect" title="Scheduled Castes">Scheduled Castes</a></th><td class="infobox-data">201,378,372</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Scheduled_Tribes" class="mw-redirect" title="Scheduled Tribes">Scheduled Tribes</a></th><td class="infobox-data">104,545,716</td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Stamp_of_India_-_2011_-_Colnect_259244_-_Census_Of_India.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Stamp_of_India_-_2011_-_Colnect_259244_-_Census_Of_India.jpeg/220px-Stamp_of_India_-_2011_-_Colnect_259244_-_Census_Of_India.jpeg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Stamp_of_India_-_2011_-_Colnect_259244_-_Census_Of_India.jpeg/330px-Stamp_of_India_-_2011_-_Colnect_259244_-_Census_Of_India.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f5/Stamp_of_India_-_2011_-_Colnect_259244_-_Census_Of_India.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="300" /></a><figcaption>Postage stamp dedicated to the 2011 census of India</figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>2011 census of India</b> or the <b>15th <a href="/wiki/Census_of_India" title="Census of India">Indian census</a></b> was conducted in two phases, house listing and population enumeration. The House listing phase began on 1 April 2010 and involved the collection of information about all buildings. Information for <a href="/wiki/National_Population_Register" class="mw-redirect" title="National Population Register">National Population Register</a> (NPR) was also collected in the first phase, which will be used to issue a 12-digit unique identification number to all registered Indian residents by <a href="/wiki/Aadhaar" title="Aadhaar">Unique Identification Authority of India</a>. The second population enumeration phase was conducted between 9 and 28 February 2011. Census has been conducted in India since 1872 and 2011 marks the first time biometric information was collected. According to the provisional reports released on 31 March 2011, the Indian population increased to 1.21 billion with a decadal growth of 17.70%.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Adult literacy rate increased to 74.04% with a decadal growth of 9.21%. The motto of the <a href="/wiki/Census_of_India" title="Census of India">census</a> was <i>Our Census, Our Future</i>. </p><p>Spread across 28 <a href="/wiki/States_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="States of India">states</a><sup id="cite_ref-preTG_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-preTG-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and 8 <a href="/wiki/Union_territories" class="mw-redirect" title="Union territories">union territories</a>, the census covered 640 districts, 5,924 sub-districts, 7,935 towns and more than 600,000 villages. A total of 2.7 million officials visited households in 7,935 towns and 600,000 villages, classifying the population according to gender, religion, education and occupation.<sup id="cite_ref-pr_census_2011_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pr_census_2011-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The cost of the exercise was approximately <span class="nowrap"><span style="white-space: nowrap">₹</span>2,200 crore</span> (US$260 million)<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> – this comes to less than <span style="white-space: nowrap">US$0.50</span> per person, well below the estimated world average of <span style="white-space: nowrap">US$4.60</span> per person.<sup id="cite_ref-pr_census_2011_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pr_census_2011-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Information on <a href="/wiki/Caste_system_in_India" title="Caste system in India">castes</a> was included in the census following demands from several ruling coalition leaders including <a href="/wiki/Lalu_Prasad_Yadav" title="Lalu Prasad Yadav">Lalu Prasad Yadav</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Mulayam_Singh_Yadav" title="Mulayam Singh Yadav">Mulayam Singh Yadav</a> supported by opposition parties <a href="/wiki/Bharatiya_Janata_Party" title="Bharatiya Janata Party">Bharatiya Janata Party</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shiromani_Akali_Dal" title="Shiromani Akali Dal">Shiromani Akali Dal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shiv_Sena" title="Shiv Sena">Shiv Sena</a> and <a href="/wiki/All_India_Anna_Dravida_Munnetra_Kazhagam" title="All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam">All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Information on caste was last collected during the <a href="/wiki/British_Raj" title="British Raj">British Raj</a> in 1931. During the early census, people often exaggerated their caste status to garner social status and it is expected that people downgrade it now in the expectation of gaining government benefits.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Earlier, there was speculation that there would be a caste-based census conducted in 2011, the first time in 80 years (last was in 1931), to find the exact population of the "<a href="/wiki/Other_Backward_Class" title="Other Backward Class">Other Backward Classes</a>" (OBCs) in India.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was later accepted and the <a href="/wiki/Socio_Economic_and_Caste_Census_2011" class="mw-redirect" title="Socio Economic and Caste Census 2011">Socio Economic and Caste Census 2011</a> was conducted whose first findings were revealed on 3 July 2015 by Union Finance Minister <a href="/wiki/Arun_Jaitley" title="Arun Jaitley">Arun Jaitley</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mandal Commission report of 1980 quoted OBC population at 52%, though National Sample Survey Organisation (NSSO) survey of 2006 quoted OBC population at 41%.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There is only one other instance of a caste count in post-independence India. It was conducted in Kerala in 1968 by the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Kerala" title="Government of Kerala">Government of Kerala</a> under <a href="/wiki/E._M._S._Namboodiripad" title="E. M. S. Namboodiripad">E. M. S. Namboodiripad</a> to assess the social and economic backwardness of various lower castes. The census was termed <a href="/wiki/Ethnic_groups_in_Kerala#1968_Socio-Economic_Survey_of_Kerala" title="Ethnic groups in Kerala">Socio-Economic Survey of 1968</a> and the results were published in the Gazetteer of Kerala, 1971.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2011_census_of_India&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>C. Chandramouli <a href="/wiki/Indian_Administrative_Service" title="Indian Administrative Service">IAS</a> was the <a href="/wiki/Registrar_General_and_Census_Commissioner_of_India" title="Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India">Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India</a> for the 2011 Indian census. Census data was collected in 16 languages and the training manual was prepared in 18 languages. In 2011, <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a> also conducted their first-ever joint census of areas along their border.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The census was conducted in two phases. The first, the house-listing phase, began on 1 April 2010 and involved collection of data about all the buildings and census houses.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Information for the National Population Register was also collected in the first phase. The second, the population enumeration phase, was conducted from 9 – 28 February 2011 all over the country. The eradication of epidemics, the availability of more effective medicines for the treatment of various types of diseases and the improvement in the <a href="/wiki/Standard_of_living" title="Standard of living">standard of living</a> were the main reasons for the high decadal growth of population in India.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Information">Information</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2011_census_of_India&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Information"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="House-listings">House-listings</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2011_census_of_India&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: House-listings"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The House-listing schedule contained 35 questions.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" border="1" style="width:90%; border-collapse:collapse; border:2px #000 solid; font-size:x-big;"> <tbody><tr> <td> <ol><li>Building number <br /> <i>Census house number</i></li> <li>Predominant material of floor, wall and roof of the census house</li> <li>Ascertain use of actual house</li> <li>Condition of the census house</li> <li>Household number</li> <li>Total number of persons in the household</li> <li>Name of the head of the household</li> <li>Sex of the head</li> <li>Caste status (SC or ST or others)</li> <li>Ownership status of the house</li> <li>Number of dwelling rooms</li> <li>Number of married couple the household</li> <li>Main source of drinking water</li> <li>Availability of drinking water source</li> <li>Main source of lighting</li> <li>Latrine within the premises</li> <li>Type of latrine facility</li> <li>Waste water outlet connection</li> <li>Bathing facility within the premises</li> <li>Availability of kitchen</li> <li>Fuel used for cooking</li> <li>Radio/Transistor</li> <li>Television</li> <li>Computer/Laptop</li> <li>Telephone/Mobile phone</li> <li>Bicycle</li> <li>Scooter/Motor cycle/Moped</li> <li>Car/Jeep/Van</li> <li>Availing Banking services.</li></ol> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Population_enumeration">Population enumeration</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2011_census_of_India&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Population enumeration"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Population enumeration schedule contained 30 questions.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" border="1" style="width:90%; border-collapse:collapse; border:2px #000 solid; font-size:x-big;"> <tbody><tr> <td> <ol><li>Name of the person</li> <li>Relationship to head</li> <li>Sex</li> <li>Date of birth and age</li> <li>Current marital status</li> <li>Age at marriage</li> <li>Religion</li> <li>Scheduled Caste/Scheduled Tribe</li> <li>Disability</li> <li>Mother tongue</li> <li>Other languages known</li> <li>Literacy status</li> <li>Status of attendance (Education)</li> <li>Highest educational level attained</li> <li>Working any time during last year</li> <li>Category of economic activity</li> <li>Occupation Nature of industry</li> <li>Trade or service</li> <li>Class of worker</li> <li>Non economic activity</li> <li>Seeking or available for work</li> <li>Travel to place of work</li> <li>Birthplace</li> <li>Place of last residence</li> <li>Reason for migration</li> <li>Duration of stay in the place of migration</li> <li>Children surviving</li> <li>Children ever born</li> <li>Number of children born alive during last one year</li></ol> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="National_Population_Register">National Population Register</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2011_census_of_India&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: National Population Register"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The National Population Register household schedule contained 9 questions.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" border="1" style="width:40%; border-collapse:collapse; border:2px #000 solid; font-size:x-big;"> <tbody><tr> <td> <ol><li>Name of the person and resident status</li> <li>Name of the person as should appear in the population register</li> <li>Relationship to head</li> <li>Gender</li> <li>Date of birth</li> <li>Marital status</li> <li>Educational qualification</li> <li>Occupation/Activity</li> <li>Names of father, mother and spouse</li></ol> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Once the information was collected and digitised, fingerprints were taken and photos collected. <a href="/wiki/Unique_Identification_Authority_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Unique Identification Authority of India">Unique Identification Authority of India</a> was to issue a 12-digit identification number to all individuals and the first ID have been issued in 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Census_report">Census report</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2011_census_of_India&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Census report"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:India_population_increase.GIF" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/India_population_increase.GIF/450px-India_population_increase.GIF" decoding="async" width="450" height="338" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/India_population_increase.GIF/675px-India_population_increase.GIF 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/India_population_increase.GIF/900px-India_population_increase.GIF 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="720" /></a><figcaption>Decadal growth of Indian population (1901–2011).</figcaption></figure> <p>Provisional data from the census was released on 31 March 2011 (and was updated on 20 May 2013).<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Transgender" title="Transgender">Transgender</a> population was counted in population census in India for the first time in 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The overall sex ratio of the population is 943 females for every 1,000 males in 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The official count of the <a href="/wiki/Third_gender" title="Third gender">third gender</a> in India is 490,000<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <td rowspan="3" style="text-align:left; vertical-align:top;"><b>Population</b> </td> <td align="left">Total </td> <td align="right">1,210,854,977 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left">Males </td> <td align="right">623,724,568 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left">Females </td> <td align="right">586,469,294 </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3" style="text-align:left; vertical-align:top;"><b>Literacy</b> </td> <td align="left">Total </td> <td align="right">74% </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left">Males </td> <td align="right">82.10% </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left">Females </td> <td align="right">65.46% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left; vertical-align:top;"><b>Density of population</b> </td> <td align="left">per km<sup>2</sup> </td> <td align="right">382 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left; vertical-align:top;"><b>Sex ratio</b> </td> <td align="left">per 1000 males </td> <td style="text-align:right;">943 females </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left; vertical-align:top;"><b>Child sex ratio (0–6 age group)</b> </td> <td align="left">per 1000 males </td> <td align="right">919 females </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Population">Population</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2011_census_of_India&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Population"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The population of <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> as per 2011 census was 1,210,854,977.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> India added 181.5 million to its population since 2001, slightly lower than the population of <a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a>. India, with 2.4% of the world's surface area, accounts for 17.5% of its population. Uttar Pradesh is the most populous state with roughly 200 million people. Over half the population resided in the six most populous states of <a href="/wiki/Uttar_Pradesh" title="Uttar Pradesh">Uttar Pradesh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maharashtra" title="Maharashtra">Maharashtra</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bihar" title="Bihar">Bihar</a>, <a href="/wiki/West_Bengal" title="West Bengal">West Bengal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Andhra_Pradesh_(1956%E2%80%932014)" title="Andhra Pradesh (1956–2014)">Andhra Pradesh</a> and <a href="/wiki/Madhya_Pradesh" title="Madhya Pradesh">Madhya Pradesh</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Of the 1.21 billion Indians, 833 million (68.84%) live in rural areas while 377 million stay in urban areas.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 453.6 million people in <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> are migrants, which is 37.8% of total population.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>India is home to many religions such as <a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_India" title="Hinduism in India">Hinduism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Islam_in_India" title="Islam in India">Islam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Christianity_in_India" title="Christianity in India">Christianity</a>, <a href="/wiki/Buddhism_in_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Buddhism in India">Buddhism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sikhism" title="Sikhism">Sikhism</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jainism" title="Jainism">Jainism</a>, while also being home to several indigenous faiths and tribal religions which have been practiced alongside major religions for centuries. According to the 2011 census, the total number of households in India is 248.8 million. 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td:nth-child(27),.mw-parser-output .col28center td:nth-child(28),.mw-parser-output .col29center td:nth-child(29){text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .col1right td:nth-child(1),.mw-parser-output .col2right td:nth-child(2),.mw-parser-output .col3right td:nth-child(3),.mw-parser-output .col4right td:nth-child(4),.mw-parser-output .col5right td:nth-child(5),.mw-parser-output .col6right td:nth-child(6),.mw-parser-output .col7right td:nth-child(7),.mw-parser-output .col8right td:nth-child(8),.mw-parser-output .col9right td:nth-child(9),.mw-parser-output .col10right td:nth-child(10),.mw-parser-output .col11right td:nth-child(11),.mw-parser-output .col12right td:nth-child(12),.mw-parser-output .col13right td:nth-child(13),.mw-parser-output .col14right td:nth-child(14),.mw-parser-output .col15right td:nth-child(15),.mw-parser-output .col16right td:nth-child(16),.mw-parser-output .col17right td:nth-child(17),.mw-parser-output .col18right td:nth-child(18),.mw-parser-output .col19right td:nth-child(19),.mw-parser-output .col20right td:nth-child(20),.mw-parser-output .col21right td:nth-child(21),.mw-parser-output .col22right td:nth-child(22),.mw-parser-output .col23right td:nth-child(23),.mw-parser-output .col24right td:nth-child(24),.mw-parser-output .col25right td:nth-child(25),.mw-parser-output .col26right td:nth-child(26),.mw-parser-output .col27right td:nth-child(27),.mw-parser-output .col28right td:nth-child(28),.mw-parser-output .col29right td:nth-child(29){text-align:right}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1232966811">.mw-parser-output .hover-highlight tr:hover,.mw-parser-output .mw-datatable tr:hover{background-color:var(--background-color-progressive-subtle,#eaf3ff);color:var(--color-base,#333)}.mw-parser-output .mw-datatable{background-color:var(--background-color-base,#fff);color:var(--color-base,#333)}</style> </p> <table class="wikitable sortable static-row-numbers static-row-header-text defaultright col1left col2left col3center hover-highlight"> <caption>Population distribution in India by states<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/States_and_union_territories_of_India" title="States and union territories of India">State / <br /> Union Territory</a> (UT) </th> <th rowspan="2">Capital </th> <th rowspan="2">Type </th> <th colspan="2">Population </th> <th rowspan="2">Males </th> <th rowspan="2">Females </th> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Human_sex_ratio" title="Human sex ratio">Sex<br />Ratio</a> <br /><sup id="cite_ref-2011_Provisional_population_tables_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2011_Provisional_population_tables-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th rowspan="2">Literacy<br />rate (%) </th> <th colspan="2">Population </th> <th rowspan="2">Area<sup id="cite_ref-Area_of_India/state/district_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Area_of_India/state/district-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <br /> (km<sup>2</sup>) </th> <th rowspan="2">Density <br /> (1/km<sup>2</sup>) </th> <th rowspan="2">Decadal<br />Growth%<br />(2001–11) </th></tr> <tr> <th>number </th> <th>% of total<sup id="cite_ref-States_and_UT_%_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-States_and_UT_%-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>Rural<sup id="cite_ref-Rural_Urban_distribution_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rural_Urban_distribution-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>Urban<sup id="cite_ref-Rural_Urban_distribution_46-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rural_Urban_distribution-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Uttar_Pradesh" title="Uttar Pradesh">Uttar Pradesh</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lucknow" title="Lucknow">Lucknow</a> </td> <td>State </td> <td>199,812,341 </td> <td><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238854847">.mw-parser-output .percentage-bar{position:relative;border:1px solid #aaa;background-color:#fff;width:100px;max-width:100%;height:1.5em}.mw-parser-output .percentage-bar-fill{position:absolute;background-color:#dbdbdb;height:1.5em;width:50%}.mw-parser-output .percentage-bar-text{position:absolute;width:100%;height:1.5em;text-align:center;color:#000}</style><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 70px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 16%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">16.50%</div></div> </td> <td>104,480,510 </td> <td>95,331,831 </td> <td>912 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 70px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 67%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">67.68%</div></div> </td> <td>155,111,022 </td> <td>44,470,455 </td> <td>240,928 </td> <td>828 </td> <td>20.1% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Maharashtra" title="Maharashtra">Maharashtra</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mumbai" title="Mumbai">Mumbai</a> </td> <td>State </td> <td>112,374,333 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 70px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 9%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">9.28%</div></div> </td> <td>58,243,056 </td> <td>54,131,277 </td> <td>929 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 70px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 82%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">82.34%</div></div> </td> <td>61,545,441 </td> <td>50,827,531 </td> <td>307,713 </td> <td>365 </td> <td>16.0% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bihar" title="Bihar">Bihar</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Patna" title="Patna">Patna</a> </td> <td>State </td> <td>104,099,452 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 70px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 8%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">8.60%</div></div> </td> <td>54,278,157 </td> <td>49,821,295 </td> <td>918 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 70px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 61%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">61.80%</div></div> </td> <td>92,075,028 </td> <td>11,729,609 </td> <td>94,163 </td> <td>1,102 </td> <td>25.1% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/West_Bengal" title="West Bengal">West Bengal</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kolkata" title="Kolkata">Kolkata</a> </td> <td>State </td> <td>91,276,115 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 70px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 7%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">7.54%</div></div> </td> <td>46,809,027 </td> <td>44,467,088 </td> <td>950 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 70px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 76%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">76.26%</div></div> </td> <td>62,213,676 </td> <td>29,134,060 </td> <td>88,752 </td> <td>1,030 </td> <td>13.9% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Andhra_Pradesh_(1956%E2%80%932014)" title="Andhra Pradesh (1956–2014)">Andhra Pradesh</a><sup id="cite_ref-preTG_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-preTG-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hyderabad" title="Hyderabad">Hyderabad</a> </td> <td>State </td> <td>84,580,777 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 70px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 6%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">6.99%</div></div> </td> <td>42,442,146 </td> <td>42,138,631 </td> <td>993 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 70px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 67%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">67.02%</div></div> </td> <td>56,361,702 </td> <td>28,219,075 </td> <td>275,045 </td> <td>308 </td> <td>10.98% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Madhya_Pradesh" title="Madhya Pradesh">Madhya Pradesh</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bhopal" title="Bhopal">Bhopal</a> </td> <td>State </td> <td>72,626,809 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 70px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 6%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">6.00%</div></div> </td> <td>37,612,306 </td> <td>35,014,503 </td> <td>931 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 70px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 69%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">69.32%</div></div> </td> <td>52,537,899 </td> <td>20,059,666 </td> <td>308,245 </td> <td>236 </td> <td>20.3% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tamil_Nadu" title="Tamil Nadu">Tamil Nadu</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Chennai" title="Chennai">Chennai</a> </td> <td>State </td> <td>72,147,030 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 70px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 5%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">5.96%</div></div> </td> <td>36,137,975 </td> <td>36,009,055 </td> <td>996 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 70px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 80%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">80.09%</div></div> </td> <td>37,189,229 </td> <td>34,949,729 </td> <td>130,058 </td> <td>555 </td> <td>15.6% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Rajasthan" title="Rajasthan">Rajasthan</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jaipur" title="Jaipur">Jaipur</a> </td> <td>State </td> <td>68,548,437 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 70px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 5%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">5.66%</div></div> </td> <td>35,550,997 </td> <td>32,997,440 </td> <td>928 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 70px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 66%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">66.11%</div></div> </td> <td>51,540,236 </td> <td>17,080,776 </td> <td>342,239 </td> <td>201 </td> <td>21.4% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Karnataka" title="Karnataka">Karnataka</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bangalore" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangalore">Bengaluru</a> </td> <td>State </td> <td>61,095,297 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 70px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 5%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">5.05%</div></div> </td> <td>30,966,657 </td> <td>30,128,640 </td> <td>973 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 70px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 75%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">75.36%</div></div> </td> <td>37,552,529 </td> <td>23,578,175 </td> <td>191,791 </td> <td>319 </td> <td>15.7% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Gujarat" title="Gujarat">Gujarat</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gandhinagar" title="Gandhinagar">Gandhinagar</a> </td> <td>State </td> <td>60,439,692 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 70px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 4%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">4.99%</div></div> </td> <td>31,491,260 </td> <td>28,948,432 </td> <td>919 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 70px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 78%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">78.03%</div></div> </td> <td>34,670,817 </td> <td>25,712,811 </td> <td>196,024 </td> <td>308 </td> <td>19.2% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Odisha" title="Odisha">Odisha</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bhubaneswar" title="Bhubaneswar">Bhubaneshwar</a> </td> <td>State </td> <td>41,974,218 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 70px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 3%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">3.47%</div></div> </td> <td>21,212,136 </td> <td>20,762,082 </td> <td>979 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 70px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 72%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">72.87%</div></div> </td> <td>34,951,234 </td> <td>6,996,124 </td> <td>155,707 </td> <td>269 </td> <td>14.0% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kerala" title="Kerala">Kerala</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Thiruvananthapuram" title="Thiruvananthapuram">Thiruvananthapuram</a> </td> <td>State </td> <td>33,406,061 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 70px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 2%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">2.76%</div></div> </td> <td>16,027,412 </td> <td>17,378,649 </td> <td>1,084 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 70px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 94%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">94.00%</div></div> </td> <td>17,445,506 </td> <td>15,932,171 </td> <td>38,863 </td> <td>859 </td> <td>4.9% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Jharkhand" title="Jharkhand">Jharkhand</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ranchi" title="Ranchi">Ranchi</a> </td> <td>State </td> <td>32,988,134 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 70px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 2%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">2.72%</div></div> </td> <td>16,930,315 </td> <td>16,057,819 </td> <td>948 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 70px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 66%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">66.41%</div></div> </td> <td>25,036,946 </td> <td>7,929,292 </td> <td>79,714 </td> <td>414 </td> <td>22.3% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Assam" title="Assam">Assam</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dispur" title="Dispur">Dispur</a> </td> <td>State </td> <td>31,205,576 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 70px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 2%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">2.58%</div></div> </td> <td>15,939,443 </td> <td>15,266,133 </td> <td>958 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 70px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 72%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">72.19%</div></div> </td> <td>26,780,526 </td> <td>4,388,756 </td> <td>78,438 </td> <td>397 </td> <td>16.9% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Punjab,_India" title="Punjab, India">Punjab</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Chandigarh" title="Chandigarh">Chandigarh</a> </td> <td>State </td> <td>27,743,338 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 70px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 2%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">2.29%</div></div> </td> <td>14,639,465 </td> <td>13,103,873 </td> <td>895 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 70px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 75%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">75.84%</div></div> </td> <td>17,316,800 </td> <td>10,387,436 </td> <td>50,362 </td> <td>550 </td> <td>13.7% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Chhattisgarh" title="Chhattisgarh">Chhattisgarh</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Raipur" title="Raipur">Raipur</a> </td> <td>State </td> <td>25,545,198 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 70px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 2%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">2.11%</div></div> </td> <td>12,832,895 </td> <td>12,712,303 </td> <td>991 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 70px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 70%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">70.28%</div></div> </td> <td>19,603,658 </td> <td>5,936,538 </td> <td>135,191 </td> <td>189 </td> <td>22.6% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Haryana" title="Haryana">Haryana</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Chandigarh" title="Chandigarh">Chandigarh</a> </td> <td>State </td> <td>25,351,462 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 70px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 2%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">2.09%</div></div> </td> <td>13,494,734 </td> <td>11,856,728 </td> <td>879 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 70px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 75%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">75.55%</div></div> </td> <td>16,531,493 </td> <td>8,821,588 </td> <td>44,212 </td> <td>573 </td> <td>19.9% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Delhi" title="Delhi">Delhi</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Delhi" title="Delhi">Delhi</a> </td> <td>UT </td> <td>16,787,941 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 70px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 1%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">1.39%</div></div> </td> <td>8,887,326 </td> <td>7,800,615 </td> <td>868 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 70px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 86%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">86.21%</div></div> </td> <td>944,727 </td> <td>12,905,780 </td> <td>1,484 </td> <td>11,297 </td> <td>21% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Jammu_and_Kashmir_(state)" title="Jammu and Kashmir (state)">Jammu and Kashmir</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jammu" title="Jammu">Jammu</a>(winter)<br /><a href="/wiki/Srinagar" title="Srinagar">Srinagar</a>(summer) </td> <td>State </td> <td>12,541,302 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 70px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 1%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">1.04%</div></div> </td> <td>6,640,662 </td> <td>5,900,640 </td> <td>889 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 70px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 67%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">67.16%</div></div> </td> <td>9,134,820 </td> <td>3,414,106 </td> <td>222,236 </td> <td>56 </td> <td>23.7% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Uttarakhand" title="Uttarakhand">Uttarakhand</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dehradun" title="Dehradun">Dehradun</a> </td> <td>State </td> <td>10,086,292 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 70px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 0%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">0.83%</div></div> </td> <td>5,137,773 </td> <td>4,948,519 </td> <td>963 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 70px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 79%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">79.63%</div></div> </td> <td>7,025,583 </td> <td>3,091,169 </td> <td>53,483 </td> <td>189 </td> <td>19.2% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Himachal_Pradesh" title="Himachal Pradesh">Himachal Pradesh</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Shimla" title="Shimla">Shimla</a> </td> <td>State </td> <td>6,864,602 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 70px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 0%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">0.57%</div></div> </td> <td>3,481,873 </td> <td>3,382,729 </td> <td>972 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 70px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 82%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">82.80%</div></div> </td> <td>6,167,805 </td> <td>688,704 </td> <td>55,673 </td> <td>123 </td> <td>12.8% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tripura" title="Tripura">Tripura</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Agartala" title="Agartala">Agartala</a> </td> <td>State </td> <td>3,673,917 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 70px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 0%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">0.30%</div></div> </td> <td>1,874,376 </td> <td>1,799,541 </td> <td>960 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 70px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 87%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">87.22%</div></div> </td> <td>2,710,051 </td> <td>960,981 </td> <td>10,486 </td> <td>350 </td> <td>14.7% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Meghalaya" title="Meghalaya">Meghalaya</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Shillong" title="Shillong">Shillong</a> </td> <td>State </td> <td>2,966,889 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 70px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 0%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">0.25%</div></div> </td> <td>1,491,832 </td> <td>1,475,057 </td> <td>989 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 70px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 74%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">74.43%</div></div> </td> <td>2,368,971 </td> <td>595,036 </td> <td>22,429 </td> <td>132 </td> <td>27.8% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Manipur" title="Manipur">Manipur</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Imphal" title="Imphal">Imphal</a> </td> <td>State </td> <td>2,721,756 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 70px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 0%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">0.21%</div></div> </td> <td>1,290,171 </td> <td>1,280,219 </td> <td>992 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 70px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 79%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">79.21%</div></div> </td> <td>1,899,624 </td> <td>822,132 </td> <td>22,327 </td> <td>122 </td> <td>18.7% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Nagaland" title="Nagaland">Nagaland</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kohima" title="Kohima">Kohima</a> </td> <td>State </td> <td>1,978,502 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 70px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 0%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">0.16%</div></div> </td> <td>1,024,649 </td> <td>953,853 </td> <td>931 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 70px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 79%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">79.55%</div></div> </td> <td>1,406,861 </td> <td>573,741 </td> <td>16,579 </td> <td>119 </td> <td>−0.5% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Goa" title="Goa">Goa</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Panaji" title="Panaji">Panaji</a> </td> <td>State </td> <td>1,458,545 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 70px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 0%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">0.12%</div></div> </td> <td>739,140 </td> <td>719,405 </td> <td>973 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 70px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 88%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">88.70%</div></div> </td> <td>551,414 </td> <td>906,309 </td> <td>3,702 </td> <td>394 </td> <td>8.2% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Arunachal_Pradesh" title="Arunachal Pradesh">Arunachal Pradesh</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Itanagar" title="Itanagar">Itanagar</a> </td> <td>State </td> <td>1,383,727 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 70px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 0%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">0.11%</div></div> </td> <td>713,912 </td> <td>669,815 </td> <td>938 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 70px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 65%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">65.38%</div></div> </td> <td>1,069,165 </td> <td>313,446 </td> <td>83,743 </td> <td>17 </td> <td>25.9% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Puducherry_(union_territory)" title="Puducherry (union territory)">Puducherry</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pondicherry" title="Pondicherry">Pondicherry</a> </td> <td>UT </td> <td>1,247,953 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 70px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 0%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">0.10%</div></div> </td> <td>612,511 </td> <td>635,442 </td> <td>1,037 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 70px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 85%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">85.85%</div></div> </td> <td>394,341 </td> <td>850,123 </td> <td>479 </td> <td>2,598 </td> <td>27.7% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mizoram" title="Mizoram">Mizoram</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Aizawl" title="Aizawl">Aizawl</a> </td> <td>State </td> <td>1,097,206 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 70px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 0%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">0.09%</div></div> </td> <td>555,339 </td> <td>541,867 </td> <td>976 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 70px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 91%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">91.33%</div></div> </td> <td>529,037 </td> <td>561,997 </td> <td>21,081 </td> <td>52 </td> <td>22.8% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Chandigarh" title="Chandigarh">Chandigarh</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Chandigarh" title="Chandigarh">Chandigarh</a> </td> <td>UT </td> <td>1,055,450 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 70px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 0%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">0.09%</div></div> </td> <td>580,663 </td> <td>474,787 </td> <td>818 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 70px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 86%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">86.05%</div></div> </td> <td>29,004 </td> <td>1,025,682 </td> <td>114 </td> <td>9,252 </td> <td>17.1% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sikkim" title="Sikkim">Sikkim</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gangtok" title="Gangtok">Gangtok</a> </td> <td>State </td> <td>610,577 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 70px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 0%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">0.05%</div></div> </td> <td>323,070 </td> <td>287,507 </td> <td>890 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 70px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 81%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">81.42%</div></div> </td> <td>455,962 </td> <td>151,726 </td> <td>7,096 </td> <td>86 </td> <td>12.4% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Andaman_and_Nicobar_Islands" title="Andaman and Nicobar Islands">Andaman and Nicobar Islands</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Port_Blair" title="Port Blair">Port Blair</a> </td> <td>UT </td> <td>380,581 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 70px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 0%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">0.03%</div></div> </td> <td>202,871 </td> <td>177,710 </td> <td>876 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 70px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 86%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">86.63%</div></div> </td> <td>244,411 </td> <td>135,533 </td> <td>8,249 </td> <td>46 </td> <td>6.7% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Dadra_and_Nagar_Haveli" class="mw-redirect" title="Dadra and Nagar Haveli">Dadra and Nagar Haveli</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Silvassa" title="Silvassa">Silvassa</a> </td> <td>UT </td> <td>343,709 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 70px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 0%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">0.03%</div></div> </td> <td>193,760 </td> <td>149,949 </td> <td>774 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 70px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 76%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">76.24%</div></div> </td> <td>183,024 </td> <td>159,829 </td> <td>491 </td> <td>698 </td> <td>55.5% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Daman_and_Diu" title="Daman and Diu">Daman and Diu</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Daman,_India" title="Daman, India">Daman</a> </td> <td>UT </td> <td>243,247 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 70px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 0%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">0.02%</div></div> </td> <td>150,301 </td> <td>92,946 </td> <td>618 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 70px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 87%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">87.10%</div></div> </td> <td>60,331 </td> <td>182,580 </td> <td>112 </td> <td>2,169 </td> <td>53.5% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Lakshadweep" title="Lakshadweep">Lakshadweep</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kavaratti" title="Kavaratti">Kavaratti</a> </td> <td>UT </td> <td>64,473 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 70px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 0%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">0.01%</div></div> </td> <td>33,123 </td> <td>31,350 </td> <td>946 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 70px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 91%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">91.85%</div></div> </td> <td>14,121 </td> <td>50,308 </td> <td>32 </td> <td>2,013 </td> <td>6.2% </td></tr> <tr class="sortbottom"> <th colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> </th> <th>1,210,854,977 </th> <th><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 70px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 100%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">100%</div></div> </th> <th>623,724,248 </th> <th>586,469,174 </th> <th>943 </th> <th><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 70px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 74%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">74.04%</div></div> </th> <th>833,087,662 </th> <th>377,105,760 </th> <th>3,287,240 </th> <th>382 </th> <th>17.64% </th></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Religious_demographics">Religious demographics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2011_census_of_India&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Religious demographics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The religious data on India census 2011 was released by the Government of India on 25 August 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Muslim_population_growth_slows_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Muslim_population_growth_slows-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hindus are 79.8% (966.3 million) while Sikhs are 20.8 million comprising 1.72% of the population,<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Muslims are 14.23% (172.2 million) in India.<sup id="cite_ref-Muslim_population_growth_slows_48-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Muslim_population_growth_slows-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-auto1_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto1-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Christians are 2.30% (28.7 million). According to the 2011 census of India, there are 57,264 Parsis in India.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For the first time, a "No religion" category was added in the 2011 census.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 2.87 million were classified as people belonging to "No Religion" in India in the 2011 census<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 0.24% of India's population of 1.21 billion.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Given below is the decade-by-decade religious composition of India until the 2011 census.<sup id="cite_ref-censusindia2011_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-censusindia2011-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-census1_61-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census1-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-census2_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census2-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are six religions in India that have been awarded "National Minority" status – Muslims, Christians, Sikhs, Jains, Buddhists and Parsis.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sunnis, Shias, Bohras, Agakhanis and <a href="/wiki/Ahmadiyya" title="Ahmadiyya">Ahmadiyyas</a> were identified as sects of Islam in India.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As per 2011 census, six major faiths- Hindus, Muslims, Christians, Sikhs, Buddhists, Jains make up over 99.4% of India's 1.21 billion population, while "other religions, persuasions" (ORP) count is 8.2 million. Among the ORP faiths, six faiths- 4.957 million-strong <a href="/wiki/Sarnaism" title="Sarnaism">Sarnaism</a>, 1.026 million-strong <a href="/wiki/Gondi_people" title="Gondi people">Gond</a>, 506,000-strong <a href="/wiki/Sari_Dharam" title="Sari Dharam">Sari</a>, <a href="/wiki/Donyi-Polo" title="Donyi-Polo">Donyi-Polo</a> (302,000) in Arunachal Pradesh, <a href="/wiki/Sanamahism" title="Sanamahism">Sanamahism</a> (222,000) in Manipur, <a href="/wiki/Khasi_people" title="Khasi people">Khasi</a> (138,000) in Meghalaya dominate.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Maharashtra is having the highest number of non-religious in the country with 9,652 such people, followed by Kerala.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <caption>Population trends for major religious groups in India (1951–2011)<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Year </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hindus</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Muslims</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christians</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Sikhism" title="Sikhism">Sikhs</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhists</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Jainism" title="Jainism">Jains</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Zoroastrianism" title="Zoroastrianism">Zoroastrians</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Atheism" title="Atheism">Atheists</a> or<br />other religion </th></tr> <tr> <td>1951 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 75px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 84%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">84.1%</div></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 75px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 9%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">9.8%</div></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 75px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 2%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">2.3%</div></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 75px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 1%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">1.79%</div></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 75px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 0%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">0.74%</div></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 75px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 0%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">0.46%</div></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 75px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 0%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">0.13%</div></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 75px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 0%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">0.8%</div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1961 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 75px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 83%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">83.45%</div></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 75px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 10%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">10.69%</div></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 75px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 2%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">2.44%</div></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 75px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 1%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">1.79%</div></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 75px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 0%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">0.74%</div></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 75px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 0%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">0.46%</div></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 75px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 0%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">0.09%</div></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 75px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 0%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">0.8%</div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1971 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 75px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 82%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">82.73%</div></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 75px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 11%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">11.21%</div></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 75px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 2%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">2.60%</div></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 75px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 1%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">1.89%</div></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 75px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 0%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">0.70%</div></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 75px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 0%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">0.48%</div></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 75px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 0%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">0.09%</div></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 75px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 0%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">0.41%</div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1981 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 75px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 82%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">82.30%</div></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 75px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 11%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">11.75%</div></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 75px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 2%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">2.44%</div></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 75px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 1%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">1.92%</div></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 75px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 0%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">0.70%</div></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 75px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 0%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">0.47%</div></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 75px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 0%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">0.09%</div></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 75px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 0%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">0.42%</div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1991 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 75px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 81%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">81.53%</div></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 75px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 12%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">12.61%</div></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 75px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 2%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">2.32%</div></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 75px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 1%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">1.94%</div></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 75px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 0%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">0.77%</div></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 75px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 0%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">0.40%</div></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 75px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 0%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">0.08%</div></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 75px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 0%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">0.44%</div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2001 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 75px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 80%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">80.46%</div></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 75px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 13%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">13.43%</div></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 75px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 2%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">2.34%</div></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 75px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 1%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">1.87%</div></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 75px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 0%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">0.77%</div></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 75px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 0%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">0.41%</div></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 75px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 0%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">0.06%</div></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 75px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 0%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">0.8%</div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2011 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 75px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 79%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">79.80%</div></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 75px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 14%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">14.23%</div></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 75px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 2%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">2.37%</div></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 75px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 1%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">1.72%</div></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 75px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 0%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">0.70%</div></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 75px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 0%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">0.37%</div></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 75px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 0%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">0.05%</div></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 75px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 0%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">0.9%</div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><abbr title="[{(% in 2011)-(% in 1951)}/(% in 1951)]*100">Change in growth rate <br />since 1951 </abbr> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 5.12% </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 45.21% </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 3.04% </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 3.91% </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 5.41% </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 19.56% </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 61.53% </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 12.51% </td></tr></tbody></table> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Language_demographics">Language demographics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2011_census_of_India&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Language demographics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Languages_of_India" title="Languages of India">Languages of India</a></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fastest_growing_languages_of_India_%E2%80%94_Hindi_(first),_Kashmiri_(second),_Gujarati_%26_Meitei_alias_Manipuri_(third),_Bengali_(fourth)_%E2%80%94_based_on_2011_census_of_India.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Fastest_growing_languages_of_India_%E2%80%94_Hindi_%28first%29%2C_Kashmiri_%28second%29%2C_Gujarati_%26_Meitei_alias_Manipuri_%28third%29%2C_Bengali_%28fourth%29_%E2%80%94_based_on_2011_census_of_India.jpg/150px-thumbnail.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="333" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Fastest_growing_languages_of_India_%E2%80%94_Hindi_%28first%29%2C_Kashmiri_%28second%29%2C_Gujarati_%26_Meitei_alias_Manipuri_%28third%29%2C_Bengali_%28fourth%29_%E2%80%94_based_on_2011_census_of_India.jpg/225px-thumbnail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Fastest_growing_languages_of_India_%E2%80%94_Hindi_%28first%29%2C_Kashmiri_%28second%29%2C_Gujarati_%26_Meitei_alias_Manipuri_%28third%29%2C_Bengali_%28fourth%29_%E2%80%94_based_on_2011_census_of_India.jpg/300px-thumbnail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1080" data-file-height="2400" /></a><figcaption>Fastest growing <a href="/wiki/Languages_of_India" title="Languages of India">languages of India</a> — <a href="/wiki/Hindi" title="Hindi">Hindi</a> (first), <a href="/wiki/Kashmiri_language" title="Kashmiri language">Kashmiri</a> (second), <a href="/wiki/Gujarati_language" title="Gujarati language">Gujarati</a> & <a href="/wiki/Meitei_language" title="Meitei language">Meitei</a>/<a href="/wiki/Manipuri_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Manipuri language">Manipuri</a> (third), <a href="/wiki/Bengali_language" title="Bengali language">Bengali</a> (fourth) — based on 2011 <a href="/wiki/Census_of_India" title="Census of India">census of India</a><sup id="cite_ref-deccanherald.com_70-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-deccanherald.com-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Hindi" title="Hindi">Hindi</a> is the most widely spoken language in northern parts of India.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Indian census takes the widest possible definition of "Hindi" as a broad variety of "<a href="/wiki/Hindi_languages" class="mw-redirect" title="Hindi languages">Hindi languages</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to 2011 census, 57.1% of Indian population know Hindi,<sup id="cite_ref-fulllangdatacensus_2011_73-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fulllangdatacensus_2011-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in which 43.63% of Indian people have declared Hindi as their native language or mother tongue.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The language data was released on 26 June 2018.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Hindi" title="Hindi">Hindi</a> is the fastest growing <a href="/wiki/Languages_of_India" title="Languages of India">language of India</a>, followed by <a href="/wiki/Kashmiri_language" title="Kashmiri language">Kashmiri</a> in the second place, with <a href="/wiki/Meitei_language" title="Meitei language">Meitei</a> (officially called <a href="/wiki/Manipuri_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Manipuri language">Manipuri</a>) as well as <a href="/wiki/Gujarati_language" title="Gujarati language">Gujarati</a>, in the third place, and <a href="/wiki/Bengali_language" title="Bengali language">Bengali</a> in the fourth place, according to the 2011 <a href="/wiki/Census_of_India" title="Census of India">census of India</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-deccanherald.com_70-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-deccanherald.com-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The 2011 census report on <a href="/wiki/Bilingualism" class="mw-redirect" title="Bilingualism">bilingualism</a> and <a href="/wiki/Trilingualism" class="mw-redirect" title="Trilingualism">trilingualism</a>, which provides data on the two languages in order of preference in which a person is proficient other than the mother tongue, was released in September 2018.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The number of bilingual speakers in India is 314.9 million, which is 26% of the population in 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 7% of Indian population is trilingual.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hindi, Bengali speakers are India's least multilingual groups.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Numbers regarding languages spoken available in the 2011 Indian census data may not reflect actual data in India due to how the data was collected, with participants being allowed to give any response they wished for what languages they spoke. </p> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:right;"> <caption>First, Second, and Third languages by number of speakers in India (2011 census) </caption> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2">Language </th> <th colspan="2">First language<br />speakers </th> <th rowspan="2">Second language<br />speakers </th> <th rowspan="2">Third language<br />speakers </th> <th colspan="2">Total speakers </th></tr> <tr> <th>num.<sup id="cite_ref-1971-2001_83-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1971-2001-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>% of total pop. </th> <th>num.<sup id="cite_ref-fulllangdatacensus_2011_73-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fulllangdatacensus_2011-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>% of total pop. </th></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Hindi" title="Hindi">Hindi</a> </td> <td>528,347,193 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 80px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 43%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">43.63%</div></div> </td> <td>139,207,180 </td> <td>24,000,000 </td> <td>692,000,000 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 80px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 57%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">57.1%</div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a> </td> <td>259,678 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 80px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 0%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">0.02%</div></div> </td> <td>83,125,221 </td> <td>46,000,000 </td> <td>129,000,000 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 80px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 10%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">10.6%</div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Bengali_language" title="Bengali language">Bengali</a> </td> <td>97,237,669 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 80px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 8%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">8.3%</div></div> </td> <td>9,037,222 </td> <td>1,000,000 </td> <td>107,000,000 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 80px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 8%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">8.9%</div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Marathi_language" title="Marathi language">Marathi</a> </td> <td>83,026,680 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 80px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 7%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">7.09%</div></div> </td> <td>13,000,000 </td> <td>3,000,000 </td> <td>99,000,000 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 80px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 8%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">8.2%</div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Telugu_language" title="Telugu language">Telugu</a> </td> <td>81,127,740 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 80px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 6%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">6.93%</div></div> </td> <td>12,000,000 </td> <td>1,000,000 </td> <td>95,000,000 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 80px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 7%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">7.8%</div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Tamil_language" title="Tamil language">Tamil</a> </td> <td>69,026,881 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 80px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 5%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">5.89%</div></div> </td> <td>7,000,000 </td> <td>1,000,000 </td> <td>77,000,000 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 80px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 6%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">6.3%</div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Gujarati_language" title="Gujarati language">Gujarati</a> </td> <td>55,492,554 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 80px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 4%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">4.74%</div></div> </td> <td>4,000,000 </td> <td>1,000,000 </td> <td>60,000,000 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 80px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 5%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">5%</div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Urdu" title="Urdu">Urdu</a> </td> <td>50,772,631 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 80px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 4%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">4.34%</div></div> </td> <td>11,000,000 </td> <td>1,000,000 </td> <td>63,000,000 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 80px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 5%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">5.2%</div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Kannada" title="Kannada">Kannada</a> </td> <td>43,706,512 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 80px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 3%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">3.73%</div></div> </td> <td>14,000,000 </td> <td>1,000,000 </td> <td>59,000,000 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 80px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 4%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">4.94%</div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Odia_language" title="Odia language">Odia</a> </td> <td>37,521,324 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 80px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 3%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">3.2%</div></div> </td> <td>5,000,000 </td> <td>390,000 </td> <td>43,000,000 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 80px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 3%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">3.56%</div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Malayalam" title="Malayalam">Malayalam</a> </td> <td>34,838,819 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 80px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 2%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">2.97%</div></div> </td> <td>500,000 </td> <td>210,000 </td> <td>36,000,000 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 80px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 2%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">2.9%</div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Punjabi_language" title="Punjabi language">Punjabi</a> </td> <td>33,124,726 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 80px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 2%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">2.83%</div></div> </td> <td>2,230,000 </td> <td>720,000 </td> <td>36,600,000 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 80px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 3%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">3%</div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Maithili_language" title="Maithili language">Maithili</a> </td> <td>13,063,042 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 80px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 1%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">1.08%</div></div> </td> <td>400,000 </td> <td>130,000 </td> <td>13,583,464 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 80px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 1%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">1.12%</div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Sanskrit" title="Sanskrit">Sanskrit</a> </td> <td>24,821 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 80px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 0%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style=""><0.01%</div></div> </td> <td>1,230,000 </td> <td>1,960,000 </td> <td>3,190,000 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style="width: 80px;"><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 0%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">0.19%</div></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Literacy">Literacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2011_census_of_India&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Literacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Any individual above age seven who can read and write in any language with an ability to understand was considered literate. In censuses before 1991, children below the age five were treated as illiterates. The literacy rate taking the entire population into account is termed as "crude literacy rate", and taking the population from age seven and above into account is termed as "effective literacy rate". Effective literacy rate increased to a total of 74.04% with 82.14% of the males and 65.46% of the females being literate.<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="5">Effective literacy rate (1901–2011)<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2013)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup><sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <th>S.No. </th> <th>Census year </th> <th>Total (%) </th> <th>Male (%) </th> <th>Female (%) </th></tr> <tr> <td>1 </td> <td>1901 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style=""><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 5%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">5.35%</div></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style=""><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 9%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">9.83%</div></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style=""><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 0%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">0.60%</div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2 </td> <td>1911 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style=""><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 5%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">5.92%</div></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style=""><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 10%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">10.56%</div></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style=""><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 1%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">1.05%</div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>3 </td> <td>1921 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style=""><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 7%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">7.16%</div></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style=""><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 12%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">12.21%</div></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style=""><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 1%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">1.81%</div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>4 </td> <td>1931 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style=""><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 9%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">9.50%</div></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style=""><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 15%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">15.59%</div></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style=""><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 2%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">2.93%</div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>5 </td> <td>1941 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style=""><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 16%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">16.10%</div></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style=""><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 24%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">24.90%</div></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style=""><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 7%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">7.30%</div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>6 </td> <td>1951 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style=""><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 16%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">16.67%</div></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style=""><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 24%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">24.95%</div></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style=""><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 9%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">9.45%</div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>7 </td> <td>1961 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style=""><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 24%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">24.02%</div></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style=""><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 34%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">34.44%</div></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style=""><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 12%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">12.95%</div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>8 </td> <td>1971 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style=""><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 29%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">29.45%</div></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style=""><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 39%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">39.45%</div></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style=""><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 18%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">18.69%</div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>9 </td> <td>1981 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style=""><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 36%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">36.23%</div></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style=""><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 46%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">46.89%</div></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style=""><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 24%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">24.82%</div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>10 </td> <td>1991 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style=""><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 42%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">42.84%</div></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style=""><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 52%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">52.74%</div></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style=""><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 32%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">32.17%</div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>11 </td> <td>2001 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style=""><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 64%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">64.83%</div></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style=""><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 75%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">75.26%</div></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style=""><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 53%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">53.67%</div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>12 </td> <td>2011 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style=""><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 74%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">74.04%</div></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style=""><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 82%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">82.14%</div></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style=""><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="width: 65%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">65.46%</div></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2011_census_of_India&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259569809">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/32px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/48px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/64px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:India" title="Portal:India">India portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Socio_Economic_and_Caste_Census_2011" class="mw-redirect" title="Socio Economic and Caste Census 2011">Socio Economic and Caste Census 2011</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demography_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Demography of India">Demography of India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irreligion_in_India" title="Irreligion in India">Irreligion in India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scheduled_Castes_and_Scheduled_Tribes" title="Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes">Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Other_Backward_Class" title="Other Backward Class">Other Backward Class</a></li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2011_census_of_India&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-preTG-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-preTG_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-preTG_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Prior to the creation of Telangana.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2011_census_of_India&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and 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Press Trust of India. 3 July 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hindustan+Times&rft.atitle=Govt+releases+socio-economic+and+caste+census+for+better+policy-making&rft.date=2015-07-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hindustantimes.com%2Findia%2Fgovt-releases-socio-economic-and-caste-census-for-better-policy-making%2Fstory-Ajf4fLjhq9ghHZDDVxYOMP.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2011+census+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/OBc-count-52-or-41/articleshow/263918.cms">"OBc count: 52 or 41%?"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Times_of_India" title="The Times of India">The Times of India</a></i>. 1 November 2006. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131203020047/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2006-11-01/india/27792478_1_obc-count-obc-numbers-nsso">Archived</a> from the original on 3 December 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+India&rft.atitle=OBc+count%3A+52+or+41%25%3F&rft.date=2006-11-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesofindia.indiatimes.com%2Findia%2FOBc-count-52-or-41%2Farticleshow%2F263918.cms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2011+census+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">G.O.K dew1971: Appendix XVIII</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAnbarasan2011" class="citation news cs1">Anbarasan, Ethirajan (14 July 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-south-asia-14149042">"Joint Bangladesh and India census"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201023121617/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-south-asia-14149042">Archived</a> from the original on 23 October 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 June</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Joint+Bangladesh+and+India+census&rft.date=2011-07-14&rft.aulast=Anbarasan&rft.aufirst=Ethirajan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fworld-south-asia-14149042&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2011+census+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBose2011" class="citation news cs1">Bose, Raktima (19 July 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/census-in-indian-and-bangladesh-enclaves-ends/article2260223.ece">"Census in Indian and Bangladesh enclaves ends"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Hindu" title="The Hindu">The Hindu</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181225051019/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/census-in-indian-and-bangladesh-enclaves-ends/article2260223.ece">Archived</a> from the original on 25 December 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 August</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Hindu&rft.atitle=Census+in+Indian+and+Bangladesh+enclaves+ends&rft.date=2011-07-19&rft.aulast=Bose&rft.aufirst=Raktima&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thehindu.com%2Fnews%2Fnational%2Fcensus-in-indian-and-bangladesh-enclaves-ends%2Farticle2260223.ece&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2011+census+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKumar2010" class="citation news cs1">Kumar, Vinay (4 April 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thehindu.com/news/article387955.ece">"House listing operations for Census 2011 progressing well"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Hindu" title="The Hindu">The Hindu</a></i>. Chennai, India. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181225051117/https://www.thehindu.com/news/House-listing-operations-for-Census-2011-progressing-well/article16364029.ece">Archived</a> from the original on 25 December 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 April</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Hindu&rft.atitle=House+listing+operations+for+Census+2011+progressing+well&rft.date=2010-04-04&rft.aulast=Kumar&rft.aufirst=Vinay&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thehindu.com%2Fnews%2Farticle387955.ece&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2011+census+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011-Schedule/Shedules/Houselist%20English.pdf">"Census of India 2011; Houselisting and Housing Census Schedule"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Government of India. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181225051121/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011-Schedule/Shedules/Houselist%20English.pdf%20">Archived</a> from the original on 25 December 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 January</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Census+of+India+2011%3B+Houselisting+and+Housing+Census+Schedule&rft.pub=Government+of+India&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.censusindia.gov.in%2F2011-Schedule%2FShedules%2FHouselist%2520English.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2011+census+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011-Schedule/Shedules/English_HH_Side_A_NT.pdf">"Census of India 2011; Household Schedule-Side A"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Government of India. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181225051028/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011-Schedule/Shedules/English_HH_Side_A_NT.pdf%20">Archived</a> from the original on 25 December 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 January</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Census+of+India+2011%3B+Household+Schedule-Side+A&rft.pub=Government+of+India&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.censusindia.gov.in%2F2011-Schedule%2FShedules%2FEnglish_HH_Side_A_NT.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2011+census+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011-Schedule/Shedules/English_HH_Side_B_NT.pdf">"Census of India 201a1; Household Schedule-Side B"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Government of India. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181225051015/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011-Schedule/Shedules/English_HH_Side_B_NT.pdf%20">Archived</a> from the original on 25 December 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 January</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Census+of+India+201a1%3B+Household+Schedule-Side+B&rft.pub=Government+of+India&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.censusindia.gov.in%2F2011-Schedule%2FShedules%2FEnglish_HH_Side_B_NT.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2011+census+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011-Schedule/Shedules/NPR%20English.pdf">"National population register; Household Schedule"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Government of India. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181225051040/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011-Schedule/Shedules/NPR%20English.pdf%20">Archived</a> from the original on 25 December 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 January</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=National+population+register%3B+Household+Schedule&rft.pub=Government+of+India&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.censusindia.gov.in%2F2011-Schedule%2FShedules%2FNPR%2520English.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2011+census+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/article362605.ece">"Census operation in history kicks off"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Hindu" title="The Hindu">The Hindu</a></i>. 1 April 2010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181225050957/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/Biggest-Census-operation-in-history-kicks-off/article16343201.ece">Archived</a> from the original on 25 December 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 April</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Hindu&rft.atitle=Census+operation+in+history+kicks+off&rft.date=2010-04-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thehindu.com%2Fnews%2Fnational%2Farticle362605.ece&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2011+census+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/8598159.stm">"India launches biometric census"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a></i>. 1 April 2010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100401053517/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/8598159.stm">Archived</a> from the original on 1 April 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 April</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=India+launches+biometric+census&rft.date=2010-04-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Fsouth_asia%2F8598159.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2011+census+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.livemint.com/Politics/rmZay6rxYDggHLlKCaHPfN/Indias-total-population-is-now-121-crore.html">"India's total population is now 121 crore"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Mint_(newspaper)" title="Mint (newspaper)">Mint</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Press_Trust_of_India" title="Press Trust of India">Press Trust of India</a>. 30 April 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181225051017/https://www.livemint.com/Politics/rmZay6rxYDggHLlKCaHPfN/Indias-total-population-is-now-121-crore.html">Archived</a> from the original on 25 December 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 February</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mint&rft.atitle=India%27s+total+population+is+now+121+crore&rft.date=2013-04-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.livemint.com%2FPolitics%2FrmZay6rxYDggHLlKCaHPfN%2FIndias-total-population-is-now-121-crore.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2011+census+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/india-population-2011-census-at-1.2-billion/1/268576.html">"It's official. We are the second most populous nation in the world at 1.2 billion"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/India_Today" title="India Today">India Today</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Press_Trust_of_India" title="Press Trust of India">Press Trust of India</a>. 30 April 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181225051131/https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/india-population-2011-census-at-1.2-billion-160685-2013-04-30">Archived</a> from the original on 25 December 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 February</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=India+Today&rft.atitle=It%27s+official.+We+are+the+second+most+populous+nation+in+the+world+at+1.2+billion&rft.date=2013-04-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Findiatoday.intoday.in%2Fstory%2Findia-population-2011-census-at-1.2-billion%2F1%2F268576.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2011+census+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130503045326/http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2013-04-30/news/38929876_1_urban-population-population-growth-highest-decadal-growth">"India's total population is now 1.21 billion"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Economic_Times" title="The Economic Times">The Economic Times</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Press_Trust_of_India" title="Press Trust of India">Press Trust of India</a>. 30 April 2013. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 February</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NDTV&rft.atitle=India%27s+total+population+is+1.21+billion%2C+final+census+reveals&rft.date=2013-04-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ndtv.com%2Findia-news%2Findias-total-population-is-1-21-billion-final-census-reveals-520736&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2011+census+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170109213448/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/world/pakistan/pakistan-counts-transgender-people-in-national-census-for-first-time/articleshow/56428364.cms">"Pakistan counts transgender people in national census for first time"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Times_of_India" title="The Times of India">The Times of India</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a>. 9 January 2017. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/world/pakistan/pakistan-counts-transgender-people-in-national-census-for-first-time/articleshow/56428364.cms">the original</a> on 9 January 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+India&rft.atitle=Pakistan+counts+transgender+people+in+national+census+for+first+time&rft.date=2017-01-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftimesofindia.indiatimes.com%2Fworld%2Fpakistan%2Fpakistan-counts-transgender-people-in-national-census-for-first-time%2Farticleshow%2F56428364.cms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2011+census+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/over-70000-transgenders-in-rural-india-up-tops-list-socio-economic-and-caste-census-2011-280664-2015">"Over 70,000 transgenders in rural India, UP tops list: Census 2011"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/India_Today" title="India Today">India Today</a></i>. 4 July 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=India+Today&rft.atitle=Over+70%2C000+transgenders+in+rural+India%2C+UP+tops+list%3A+Census+2011&rft.date=2015-07-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.indiatoday.in%2Findia%2Fstory%2Fover-70000-transgenders-in-rural-india-up-tops-list-socio-economic-and-caste-census-2011-280664-2015&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2011+census+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVarma2016" class="citation news cs1">Varma, Subodh (15 February 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Sex-ratio-worsens-in-small-families-improves-with-3-or-more-children/articleshow/50989227.cms">"Sex ratio worsens in small families, improves with 3 or more children"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Times_of_India" title="The Times of India">The Times of India</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181225051046/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Sex-ratio-worsens-in-small-families-improves-with-3-or-more-children/articleshow/50989227.cms">Archived</a> from the original on 25 December 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 April</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+India&rft.atitle=Sex+ratio+worsens+in+small+families%2C+improves+with+3+or+more+children&rft.date=2016-02-15&rft.aulast=Varma&rft.aufirst=Subodh&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesofindia.indiatimes.com%2Findia%2FSex-ratio-worsens-in-small-families-improves-with-3-or-more-children%2Farticleshow%2F50989227.cms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2011+census+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNagarajan2014" class="citation news cs1">Nagarajan, Rema (30 May 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/First-count-of-third-gender-in-census-4-9-lakh/articleshow/35741613.cms">"First count of third gender in census: 4.9 lakh"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Times_of_India" title="The Times of India">The Times of India</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190711052731/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/First-count-of-third-gender-in-census-4-9-lakh/articleshow/35741613.cms">Archived</a> from the original on 11 July 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 August</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+India&rft.atitle=First+count+of+third+gender+in+census%3A+4.9+lakh&rft.date=2014-05-30&rft.aulast=Nagarajan&rft.aufirst=Rema&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesofindia.indiatimes.com%2Findia%2FFirst-count-of-third-gender-in-census-4-9-lakh%2Farticleshow%2F35741613.cms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2011+census+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShaikh2015" class="citation news cs1">Shaikh, Zeeshan (15 June 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/why-activists-are-upset-with-census-disability-numbers/">"Why activists are upset with Census disability numbers"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Indian_Express" title="The Indian Express">The Indian Express</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190327102355/https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/why-activists-are-upset-with-census-disability-numbers/">Archived</a> from the original on 27 March 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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New Delhi: <a href="/wiki/NCERT" class="mw-redirect" title="NCERT">NCERT</a>. 2022. p. 48. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-7450-520-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-7450-520-0"><bdi>978-81-7450-520-0</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.archive.org/web/20231214000000/https://ncert.nic.in/textbook.php?iess1=0-6">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 14 December 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Contemporary+India+-+I&rft.place=New+Delhi&rft.pages=48&rft.edition=Revised&rft.pub=NCERT&rft.date=2022&rft.isbn=978-81-7450-520-0&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fncert.nic.in%2Ftextbook.php%3Fiess1%3D0-6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2011+census+of+India" class="Z3988"></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/contemporary_india-I">Alt URL</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/About-70-per-cent-Indians-live-in-rural-areas-Census-report/article13744351.ece">"About 70 per cent Indians live in rural areas: Census report"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Hindu" title="The Hindu">The Hindu</a></i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 August</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=data.worldbank.org&rft.atitle=Rural+population+%28%25+of+total+population%29+%26%23124%3B+Data&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdata.worldbank.org%2Findicator%2FSP.RUR.TOTL.ZS&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2011+census+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShaikh2016" class="citation news cs1">Shaikh, Zeeshan (5 December 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/tamil-nadu-kerala-daily-wages-migrant-population-4410694/">"Every 3rd Indian migrant, most headed south"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Indian_Express" title="The Indian Express">The Indian Express</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190327101957/https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/tamil-nadu-kerala-daily-wages-migrant-population-4410694/">Archived</a> from the original on 27 March 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 August</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Indian+Express&rft.atitle=Every+3rd+Indian+migrant%2C+most+headed+south&rft.date=2016-12-05&rft.aulast=Shaikh&rft.aufirst=Zeeshan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Findianexpress.com%2Farticle%2Fexplained%2Ftamil-nadu-kerala-daily-wages-migrant-population-4410694%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2011+census+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRaghavan2016" class="citation news cs1">Raghavan, Pyaralal (5 December 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/blogs/minorityview/migration-in-india-is-still-largely-remains-a-social-rather-than-an-economic-phenomenon/">"Migration in India still largely remains a social rather than an economic phenomenon"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Times_of_India" title="The Times of India">The Times of India</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190911040533/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/blogs/minorityview/migration-in-india-is-still-largely-remains-a-social-rather-than-an-economic-phenomenon/">Archived</a> from the original on 11 September 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 August</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+India&rft.atitle=Migration+in+India+still+largely+remains+a+social+rather+than+an+economic+phenomenon&rft.date=2016-12-05&rft.aulast=Raghavan&rft.aufirst=Pyaralal&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesofindia.indiatimes.com%2Fblogs%2Fminorityview%2Fmigration-in-india-is-still-largely-remains-a-social-rather-than-an-economic-phenomenon%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2011+census+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRaghavan2016" class="citation news cs1">Raghavan, Pyaralal (10 December 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/blogs/minorityview/migration-in-india-is-slowly-becoming-more-urban-and-driven-by-economic-factors/">"Migration in India is slowly becoming more urban and driven by economic factors"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Times_of_India" title="The Times of India">The Times of India</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191202202024/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/blogs/minorityview/migration-in-india-is-slowly-becoming-more-urban-and-driven-by-economic-factors/">Archived</a> from the original on 2 December 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 August</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+India&rft.atitle=Protest+against+inclusion+of+Ahmediyyas+in+Muslim+census&rft.date=2016-01-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesofindia.indiatimes.com%2Fcity%2Fhyderabad%2FProtest-against-inclusion-of-Ahmediyyas-in-Muslim-census%2Farticleshow%2F53645457.cms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2011+census+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/editorials/ahmadiyya-community-census-india-muslims-2954285/">"Minority in a minority. The census acknowledges Ahmadis as Muslims. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hindi+fastest+growing+language+in+India%2C+finds+100+million+new+speakers&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.business-standard.com%2Farticle%2Fcurrent-affairs%2Fhindi-fastest-growing-language-in-india-finds-100-million-new-speakers-118070200029_1.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2011+census+of+India" class="Z3988"></span><br />—<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.indiatoday.in/diu/story/hindi-grows-in-non-hindi-states-without-official-mandate-1936196-2022-04-11">"Hindi grew rapidly in non-Hindi states even without official mandate"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/India_Today" title="India Today">India Today</a></i>. 11 April 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231116221422/https://www.indiatoday.in/diu/story/hindi-grows-in-non-hindi-states-without-official-mandate-1936196-2022-04-11">Archived</a> from the original on 16 November 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=India+Today&rft.atitle=Hindi+grew+rapidly+in+non-Hindi+states+even+without+official+mandate&rft.date=2022-04-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.indiatoday.in%2Fdiu%2Fstory%2Fhindi-grows-in-non-hindi-states-without-official-mandate-1936196-2022-04-11&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2011+census+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSen2019" class="citation news cs1">Sen, Sumant (4 June 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/hindi-the-first-choice-of-people-in-only-12-states/article27459774.ece">"Hindi the first choice of people in only 12 States"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Hindu" title="The Hindu">The Hindu</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190606145751/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/hindi-the-first-choice-of-people-in-only-12-states/article27459774.ece">Archived</a> from the original on 6 June 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 November</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hindustan+Times&rft.atitle=How+languages+intersect+in+India&rft.date=2018-11-22&rft.aulast=Kawoosa&rft.aufirst=Vijdan+Mohammad&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hindustantimes.com%2Findia-news%2Fhow-languagesintersect-in-india%2Fstory-g3nzNwFppYV7XvCumRzlYL.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2011+census+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSuresh2018" class="citation news cs1">Suresh, Haripriya (28 June 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/what-india-speaks-south-indian-languages-are-growing-not-fast-hindi-83823">"What India speaks: South Indian languages are growing, but not as fast as Hindi"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_News_Minute" title="The News Minute">The News Minute</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190216003937/https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/what-india-speaks-south-indian-languages-are-growing-not-fast-hindi-83823">Archived</a> from the original on 16 February 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 June</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+News+Minute&rft.atitle=What+India+speaks%3A+South+Indian+languages+are+growing%2C+but+not+as+fast+as+Hindi&rft.date=2018-06-28&rft.aulast=Suresh&rft.aufirst=Haripriya&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thenewsminute.com%2Farticle%2Fwhat-india-speaks-south-indian-languages-are-growing-not-fast-hindi-83823&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2011+census+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDaniyal2018" class="citation news cs1">Daniyal, Shoaib (4 July 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scroll.in/article/884754/surging-hindi-shrinking-south-indian-languages-nine-charts-that-explain-the-2011-language-census">"Surging Hindi, shrinking South Indian languages: Nine charts that explain the 2011 language census"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Scroll.in" title="Scroll.in">Scroll.in</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180721110224/https://scroll.in/article/884754/surging-hindi-shrinking-south-indian-languages-nine-charts-that-explain-the-2011-language-census">Archived</a> from the original on 21 July 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 July</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Scroll.in&rft.atitle=Surging+Hindi%2C+shrinking+South+Indian+languages%3A+Nine+charts+that+explain+the+2011+language+census&rft.date=2018-07-04&rft.aulast=Daniyal&rft.aufirst=Shoaib&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fscroll.in%2Farticle%2F884754%2Fsurging-hindi-shrinking-south-indian-languages-nine-charts-that-explain-the-2011-language-census&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2011+census+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJain2018" class="citation news cs1">Jain, Bharti (28 June 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/hindi-mother-tongue-of-44-in-india-bangla-second-most-spoken/articleshow/64755458.cms">"Hindi mother tongue of 44% in India, Bangla second most spoken"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Times_of_India" title="The Times of India">The Times of India</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180720174858/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/hindi-mother-tongue-of-44-in-india-bangla-second-most-spoken/articleshow/64755458.cms">Archived</a> from the original on 20 July 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 June</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+India&rft.atitle=Hindi+mother+tongue+of+44%25+in+India%2C+Bangla+second+most+spoken&rft.date=2018-06-28&rft.aulast=Jain&rft.aufirst=Bharti&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesofindia.indiatimes.com%2Findia%2Fhindi-mother-tongue-of-44-in-india-bangla-second-most-spoken%2Farticleshow%2F64755458.cms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2011+census+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-17/DDW-C17-0000.XLSX">"C-17 Population by Bilingualism and Trilingualism"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181004104130/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-17/DDW-C17-0000.XLSX">Archived</a> from the original on 4 October 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 October</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Tribune+%28Chandigarh%29&rft.atitle=After+mother+tongue%2C+city+more+proficient+in+English&rft.date=2018-10-02&rft.aulast=Thakur&rft.aufirst=Bhartesh+Singh&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tribuneindia.com%2Fnews%2Fchandigarh%2Fafter-mother-tongue-city-more-proficient-in-english%2F662470.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2011+census+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://censusindia.gov.in/Tables_Published/C-Series/C-Series_link/DDWC-000018.pdf">"C-18 Population by Bilingualism, Trilingualism, Age and Sex"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181221082819/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/Tables_Published/C-Series/C-Series_link/DDWC-000018.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 21 December 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 October</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=C-18+Population+by+Bilingualism%2C+Trilingualism%2C+Age+and+Sex&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcensusindia.gov.in%2FTables_Published%2FC-Series%2FC-Series_link%2FDDWC-000018.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2011+census+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFB2018" class="citation news cs1">B, Sivakumar (4 October 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/hindi-migrants-speaking-marathi-rise-to-60-lakh/articleshow/66061624.cms">"Hindi migrants speaking Marathi rise to 60 lakh"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Times_of_India" title="The Times of India">The Times of India</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181005013624/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/hindi-migrants-speaking-marathi-rise-to-60-lakh/articleshow/66061624.cms">Archived</a> from the original on 5 October 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 October</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+India&rft.atitle=Hindi+migrants+speaking+Marathi+rise+to+60+lakh&rft.date=2018-10-04&rft.aulast=B&rft.aufirst=Sivakumar&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesofindia.indiatimes.com%2Fcity%2Fmumbai%2Fhindi-migrants-speaking-marathi-rise-to-60-lakh%2Farticleshow%2F66061624.cms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2011+census+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNagarajan2018" class="citation news cs1">Nagarajan, Rema (7 November 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/52-of-indias-urban-youth-are-now-bilingual-18-speak-three-languages/articleshow/66530958.cms">"52% of India's urban youth are now bilingual, 18% speak three languages"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Times_of_India" title="The Times of India">The Times of India</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181108004342/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/52-of-indias-urban-youth-are-now-bilingual-18-speak-three-languages/articleshow/66530958.cms">Archived</a> from the original on 8 November 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 November</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+India&rft.atitle=52%25+of+India%27s+urban+youth+are+now+bilingual%2C+18%25+speak+three+languages&rft.date=2018-11-07&rft.aulast=Nagarajan&rft.aufirst=Rema&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesofindia.indiatimes.com%2Findia%2F52-of-indias-urban-youth-are-now-bilingual-18-speak-three-languages%2Farticleshow%2F66530958.cms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2011+census+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNagarajan2018" class="citation news cs1">Nagarajan, Rema (14 November 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/hindi-bengali-speakers-indias-least-multilingual-groups/articleshow/66612384.cms">"Hindi, Bengali speakers India's least multilingual groups"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Times_of_India" title="The Times of India">The Times of India</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181114020902/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/hindi-bengali-speakers-indias-least-multilingual-groups/articleshow/66612384.cms">Archived</a> from the original on 14 November 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 November</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+India&rft.atitle=Hindi%2C+Bengali+speakers+India%27s+least+multilingual+groups&rft.date=2018-11-14&rft.aulast=Nagarajan&rft.aufirst=Rema&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesofindia.indiatimes.com%2Findia%2Fhindi-bengali-speakers-indias-least-multilingual-groups%2Farticleshow%2F66612384.cms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2011+census+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-1971-2001-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1971-2001_83-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011Census/C-16_25062018_NEW.pdf">"Census of India: Comparative speaker's strength of Scheduled Languages-1951, 1961, 1971, 1981, 1991, 2001 and 2011"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180627064326/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011Census/C-16_25062018_NEW.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 27 June 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 June</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Census+of+India%3A+Comparative+speaker%27s+strength+of+Scheduled+Languages-1951%2C+1961%2C+1971%2C+1981%2C+1991%2C+2001+and+2011&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.censusindia.gov.in%2F2011Census%2FC-16_25062018_NEW.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2011+census+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hindustantimes.com/static/iframes/language_probability_interactive/index.html">"How many Indians can you talk to?"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Hindustan_Times" title="Hindustan Times">Hindustan Times</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181122133636/https://www.hindustantimes.com/static/iframes/language_probability_interactive/index.html">Archived</a> from the original on 22 November 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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href="/wiki/Census_of_India_prior_to_independence" class="mw-redirect" title="Census of India prior to independence">Overview</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1891_census_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="1891 census of India">1891</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Post-Independence</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National censuses</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1951_census_of_India" title="1951 census of India">1951</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1961_census_of_India" title="1961 census of India">1961</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1971_census_of_India" title="1971 census of India">1971</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1981_census_of_India" title="1981 census of India">1981</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1991_census_of_India" title="1991 census of India">1991</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2001_census_of_India" title="2001 census of India">2001</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">2011</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_census_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="2024 census of India">2024</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other censuses</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indian_economic_census" title="Indian economic census">Indian economic census</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socio_Economic_and_Caste_Census_2011" class="mw-redirect" title="Socio Economic and Caste Census 2011">2011 Socio Economic and Caste Census</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Census_of_agriculture#India" title="Census of agriculture">Census of agriculture</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b>See also:</b> <a href="/wiki/Registrar_General_and_Census_Commissioner_of_India" title="Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India">Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India</a>, <a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_India" title="Demographics of India">Demographics of India</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2011_census_of_India&oldid=1253036603">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2011_census_of_India&oldid=1253036603</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" 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