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id="toc-Republican_Party-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Republican_candidates" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Republican_candidates"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Republican candidates</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Republican_candidates-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Democratic_Party" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Democratic_Party"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Democratic Party</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Democratic_Party-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Democratic Party subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Democratic_Party-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Democratic_candidates" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Democratic_candidates"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Democratic candidates</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Democratic_candidates-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Primaries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Primaries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Primaries</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Primaries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Popular_vote_results" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Popular_vote_results"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.1</span> <span>Popular vote results</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Popular_vote_results-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Democratic_National_Convention" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Democratic_National_Convention"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Democratic National Convention</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Democratic_National_Convention-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vice-presidential_nomination" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vice-presidential_nomination"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Vice-presidential nomination</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vice-presidential_nomination-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-General_election" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#General_election"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>General election</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-General_election-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle General election subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-General_election-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Campaign" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Campaign"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Campaign</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Campaign-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Results" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Results"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Results</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Results-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Results_by_state" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Results_by_state"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Results by state</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Results_by_state-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-States_that_flipped_from_Republican_to_Democratic" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#States_that_flipped_from_Republican_to_Democratic"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3.1</span> <span>States that flipped from Republican to Democratic</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-States_that_flipped_from_Republican_to_Democratic-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-States_that_flipped_from_Democratic_to_Republican" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#States_that_flipped_from_Democratic_to_Republican"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3.2</span> <span>States that flipped from Democratic to Republican</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-States_that_flipped_from_Democratic_to_Republican-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Close_states" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Close_states"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Close states</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Close_states-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Statistics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Statistics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4.1</span> <span>Statistics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Statistics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Citations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Further reading subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Primary_sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Primary_sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Primary sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Primary_sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">1956 United States presidential election</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 30 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-30" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">30 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%A6%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A9_1956" title="انتخابات الرئاسة الأمريكية 1956 – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="انتخابات الرئاسة الأمريكية 1956" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%A6sidentvalget_i_USA_1956" title="Præsidentvalget i USA 1956 – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Præsidentvalget i USA 1956" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%A4sidentschaftswahl_in_den_Vereinigten_Staaten_1956" title="Präsidentschaftswahl in den Vereinigten Staaten 1956 – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Präsidentschaftswahl in den Vereinigten Staaten 1956" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%B5%CE%B4%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%B5%CE%BA%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%AE_%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%97%CE%BD%CF%89%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%BD%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%A0%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%B9%CF%84%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%8E%CE%BD_1956" title="Προεδρική εκλογή των Ηνωμένων Πολιτειών 1956 – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Προεδρική εκλογή των Ηνωμένων Πολιτειών 1956" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elecciones_presidenciales_de_Estados_Unidos_de_1956" title="Elecciones presidenciales de Estados Unidos de 1956 – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Elecciones presidenciales de Estados Unidos de 1956" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%E2%80%8C%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%AF%D9%87_%D8%A2%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%A7_(%DB%B1%DB%B9%DB%B5%DB%B6)" title="انتخابات ریاست‌جمهوری ایالات متحده آمریکا (۱۹۵۶) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="انتخابات ریاست‌جمهوری ایالات متحده آمریکا (۱۹۵۶)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89lection_pr%C3%A9sidentielle_am%C3%A9ricaine_de_1956" title="Élection présidentielle américaine de 1956 – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Élection présidentielle américaine de 1956" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/1956%EB%85%84_%EB%AF%B8%EA%B5%AD_%EB%8C%80%ED%86%B5%EB%A0%B9_%EC%84%A0%EA%B1%B0" title="1956년 미국 대통령 선거 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="1956년 미국 대통령 선거" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forsetakosningar_%C3%AD_Bandar%C3%ADkjunum_1956" title="Forsetakosningar í Bandaríkjunum 1956 – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Forsetakosningar í Bandaríkjunum 1956" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elezioni_presidenziali_negli_Stati_Uniti_d%27America_del_1956" title="Elezioni presidenziali negli Stati Uniti d'America del 1956 – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Elezioni presidenziali negli Stati Uniti d'America del 1956" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%91%D7%97%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%9C%D7%A0%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%90%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%A6%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%AA_1956" title="הבחירות לנשיאות ארצות הברית 1956 – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הבחירות לנשיאות ארצות הברית 1956" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uchaguzi_wa_Rais_wa_Marekani,_1956" title="Uchaguzi wa Rais wa Marekani, 1956 – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Uchaguzi wa Rais wa Marekani, 1956" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1956._gada_ASV_prezidenta_v%C4%93l%C4%93%C5%A1anas" title="1956. gada ASV prezidenta vēlēšanas – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="1956. gada ASV prezidenta vēlēšanas" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/1956_met%C5%B3_JAV_prezidento_rinkimai" title="1956 metų JAV prezidento rinkimai – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="1956 metų JAV prezidento rinkimai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1956-os_amerikai_eln%C3%B6kv%C3%A1laszt%C3%A1s" title="1956-os amerikai elnökválasztás – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="1956-os amerikai elnökválasztás" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amerikaanse_presidentsverkiezingen_1956" title="Amerikaanse presidentsverkiezingen 1956 – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Amerikaanse presidentsverkiezingen 1956" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/1956%E5%B9%B4%E3%82%A2%E3%83%A1%E3%83%AA%E3%82%AB%E5%90%88%E8%A1%86%E5%9B%BD%E5%A4%A7%E7%B5%B1%E9%A0%98%E9%81%B8%E6%8C%99" title="1956年アメリカ合衆国大統領選挙 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="1956年アメリカ合衆国大統領選挙" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presidentvalget_i_USA_1956" title="Presidentvalget i USA 1956 – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Presidentvalget i USA 1956" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wybory_prezydenckie_w_Stanach_Zjednoczonych_w_1956_roku" title="Wybory prezydenckie w Stanach Zjednoczonych w 1956 roku – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Wybory prezydenckie w Stanach Zjednoczonych w 1956 roku" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elei%C3%A7%C3%A3o_presidencial_nos_Estados_Unidos_em_1956" title="Eleição presidencial nos Estados Unidos em 1956 – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Eleição presidencial nos Estados Unidos em 1956" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B_%D0%B2_%D0%A1%D0%A8%D0%90_(1956)" title="Президентские выборы в США (1956) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Президентские выборы в США (1956)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election" title="1956 United States presidential election – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="1956 United States presidential election" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%BE%DB%95%DA%B5%D8%A8%DA%98%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%B3%DB%95%D8%B1%DB%86%DA%A9%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%95%D8%AA%DB%8C%DB%8C_%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%95%D8%AA%DB%95_%DB%8C%DB%95%DA%A9%DA%AF%D8%B1%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%88%DB%95%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%A6%DB%95%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%A7_(%D9%A1%D9%A9%D9%A5%D9%A6)" title="ھەڵبژاردنی سەرۆکایەتیی ویلایەتە یەکگرتووەکانی ئەمریکا (١٩٥٦) – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ھەڵبژاردنی سەرۆکایەتیی ویلایەتە یەکگرتووەکانی ئەمریکا (١٩٥٦)" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8_%D1%83_%D0%A1%D0%90%D0%94_1956." title="Председнички избори у САД 1956. – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Председнички избори у САД 1956." data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yhdysvaltain_presidentinvaalit_1956" title="Yhdysvaltain presidentinvaalit 1956 – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Yhdysvaltain presidentinvaalit 1956" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presidentvalet_i_USA_1956" title="Presidentvalet i USA 1956 – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Presidentvalet i USA 1956" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1956_Amerika_Birle%C5%9Fik_Devletleri_ba%C5%9Fkanl%C4%B1k_se%C3%A7imleri" title="1956 Amerika Birleşik Devletleri başkanlık seçimleri – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="1956 Amerika Birleşik Devletleri başkanlık seçimleri" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8_%D1%83_%D0%A1%D0%A8%D0%90_1956" title="Президентські вибори у США 1956 – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Президентські вибори у США 1956" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%E1%BA%A7u_c%E1%BB%AD_t%E1%BB%95ng_th%E1%BB%91ng_Hoa_K%E1%BB%B3_1956" title="Bầu cử tổng thống Hoa Kỳ 1956 – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Bầu cử tổng thống Hoa Kỳ 1956" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/1956%E5%B9%B4%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E9%81%B8%E8%88%89" title="1956年美國總統選舉 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="1956年美國總統選舉" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q699567#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> 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data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1247979735">.mw-parser-output .ib-election{line-height:1.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-election .infobox-data{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ib-election .infobox-label{width:5em;white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .ib-election .infobox-subheader{line-height:130%}.mw-parser-output .ib-election .infobox-header{font-weight:normal}@media(max-width:640px){body.skin--responsive:not(.skin-monobook):not(.skin-timeless) .mw-parser-output .ib-election .notpageimage.noresize img{height:80px!important;width:auto!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ib-election .mw-file-description img{background-color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ib-election .mw-file-description img{background-color:#f8f9fa}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1152813436">.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;white-space:nowrap}</style><table class="infobox ib-election infobox-table vevent" style="width:350px"><caption class="infobox-title summary">1956 United States presidential election</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/50px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/75px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/100px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span></span><hr /></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><table style="width:100%; margin:1px; display:inline-table;"><tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:left; vertical-align:middle; padding:0 0.5em 0 0;width:20%;" class="noprint">← <a href="/wiki/1952_United_States_presidential_election" title="1952 United States presidential election">1952</a></td> <td style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle;; padding:0 1px;width:60%;" class=""><b>November 6, 1956</b></td> <td style="text-align:right; vertical-align:middle;; padding:0 0 0 0.5em;width:20%;" class="noprint"><a href="/wiki/1960_United_States_presidential_election" title="1960 United States presidential election">1960</a> →</td> </tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><hr />531 members of the <a href="/wiki/Electoral_College_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Electoral College (United States)">Electoral College</a><br />266 electoral votes needed to win</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Turnout</th><td class="infobox-data">60.2%<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 3.1 <a href="/wiki/Percentage_point" title="Percentage point">pp</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"> <table style="background:transparent; color: inherit; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr> <td>  </td> <td class="notheme" style="text-align:center;border-bottom: 6px solid #E81B23;"><span class="mw-default-size notpageimage noresize" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Dwight_David_Eisenhower_1952_crop.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Dwight_David_Eisenhower_1952_crop.jpg/160px-Dwight_David_Eisenhower_1952_crop.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Dwight_David_Eisenhower_1952_crop.jpg/240px-Dwight_David_Eisenhower_1952_crop.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Dwight_David_Eisenhower_1952_crop.jpg/320px-Dwight_David_Eisenhower_1952_crop.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2171" data-file-height="2715" /></a></span> </td> <td class="notheme" style="text-align:center;border-bottom: 6px solid #3333FF;"><span class="mw-default-size notpageimage noresize" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Adlai_Stevenson_close-up.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Adlai_Stevenson_close-up.jpg/158px-Adlai_Stevenson_close-up.jpg" decoding="async" width="158" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Adlai_Stevenson_close-up.jpg/237px-Adlai_Stevenson_close-up.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Adlai_Stevenson_close-up.jpg/316px-Adlai_Stevenson_close-up.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4347" data-file-height="5494" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:75px;text-align:left">Nominee </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><b><a href="/wiki/Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Dwight D. Eisenhower">Dwight D. Eisenhower</a></b> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Adlai_Stevenson_II" title="Adlai Stevenson II">Adlai Stevenson II</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center"> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:75px;text-align:left">Party </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Home state </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Running mate </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><b><a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Richard Nixon</a></b> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Estes_Kefauver" title="Estes Kefauver">Estes Kefauver</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Electoral vote </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><b>457</b> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">73<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">States carried </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><b>41</b> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">7 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Popular vote </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><b>35,579,180</b> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">26,028,028 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Percentage </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><b><span data-sort-value="7001573660402756935♠" style="display:none"></span>57.4%</b> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><span data-sort-value="7001419662539312283♠" style="display:none"></span>42.0% </td></tr> </tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><hr /><figure class="mw-halign-center noresize mw-ext-imagemap-desc-bottom-right" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/ElectoralCollege1956.svg/348px-ElectoralCollege1956.svg.png" decoding="async" width="348" height="202" class="mw-file-element" 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alt="1956 United States presidential election in Michigan" title="1956 United States presidential election in Michigan" /><area href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Indiana" shape="poly" coords="226,72,215,73,213,74,213,74,211,74,212,83,213,93,213,94,213,96,212,98,212,99,211,100,211,102,211,102,213,102,215,102,216,102,216,102,217,101,218,101,218,101,219,102,219,102,219,101,221,100,222,100,223,100,223,99,225,96,225,94,227,94,228,93,228,93,227,82" alt="1956 United States presidential election in Indiana" title="1956 United States presidential election in Indiana" /><area href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Ohio" shape="poly" coords="228,91,226,72,235,71,235,72,238,72,238,73,240,73,241,72,243,72,246,69,249,67,251,76,250,77,250,78,251,78,250,84,248,86,247,86,246,88,246,90,245,90,245,90,244,90,243,91,243,93,243,93,243,94,242,94,240,93,240,93,240,92,239,93,238,93,238,93,237,93,236,93,235,93,235,93,234,93,233,93,233,93,232,92,231,91" alt="1956 United 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coords="288,58,288,53,292,52,299,50,299,50,300,49,300,49,301,50,301,51,300,51,300,53,301,54,301,53,302,53,304,56,306,56,307,56,307,55,307,54,305,54,305,54,306,54,307,54,308,56,308,56,307,56,306,57,305,57,304,58,304,58,304,59,305,59,305,59,308,59,308,59,308,59,308,59,308,59,308,59,306,59,305,59,304,59,304,60,304,60,304,59,304,59,303,59,303,59,304,58,304,57,303,57,302,57,302,59,302,59,301,57,299,55,293,57" alt="1956 United States presidential election in Massachusetts" title="1956 United States presidential election in Massachusetts" /><area href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Maryland" shape="rect" coords="301,98,326,104" alt="1956 United States presidential election in Maryland" title="1956 United States presidential election in Maryland" /><area href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Delaware" shape="rect" coords="304,90,324,97" alt="1956 United States presidential election in Delaware" title="1956 United States presidential election in Delaware" /><area href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_New_Jersey" shape="rect" coords="307,83,331,89" alt="1956 United States presidential election in New Jersey" title="1956 United States presidential election in New Jersey" /><area href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Connecticut" shape="rect" coords="313,72,333,78" alt="1956 United States presidential election in Connecticut" title="1956 United States presidential election in Connecticut" /><area href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Rhode_Island" shape="rect" coords="316,62,334,68" alt="1956 United States presidential election in Rhode Island" title="1956 United States presidential election in Rhode Island" /><area href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Massachusetts" shape="rect" coords="316,50,345,56" alt="1956 United States presidential election in Massachusetts" title="1956 United States presidential election in Massachusetts" /><area href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Vermont" shape="rect" coords="269,21,290,28" alt="1956 United States presidential election in Vermont" title="1956 United States presidential election in Vermont" /><area href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_New_Hampshire" shape="rect" coords="273,14,296,20" alt="1956 United States presidential election in New Hampshire" title="1956 United States presidential election in New Hampshire" /></map><figcaption></figcaption></figure><div>Presidential election results map. <span style="color:red;">Red</span> denotes states won by Eisenhower/Nixon, <span style="color:blue;">blue</span> denotes those won by Stevenson/Kefauver, and <span style="color:orange;">orange</span> indicates an <a href="/wiki/W._F._Turner" title="W. F. Turner">Alabama faithless elector</a> who cast an electoral vote for <a href="/wiki/Walter_Burgwyn_Jones" title="Walter Burgwyn Jones">Jones</a>/<a href="/wiki/Herman_Talmadge" title="Herman Talmadge">Talmadge</a>. Numbers indicate the number of electoral votes allotted to each state.</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><hr /> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="background:transparent; color: inherit; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="width:50%; text-align:left;"><b>President before election</b><br /> <p><a href="/wiki/Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Dwight D. Eisenhower">Dwight D. Eisenhower</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </p> </td> <td style="width:50%; text-align:right;"><b>Elected President</b> <br /> <p><a href="/wiki/Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Dwight D. Eisenhower">Dwight D. Eisenhower</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </p> </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election" title="United States presidential election">Presidential elections</a> were held in the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> on November 6, 1956. Incumbent <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President</a> <a href="/wiki/Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Dwight D. Eisenhower">Dwight D. Eisenhower</a> and his <a href="/wiki/Running_mate" title="Running mate">running mate</a>, incumbent <a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States" title="Vice President of the United States">Vice President</a> <a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Richard Nixon</a>, were reelected, defeating for a second time <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democrat</a> <a href="/wiki/Adlai_Stevenson_II" title="Adlai Stevenson II">Adlai Stevenson II</a>, former <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Illinois" title="Governor of Illinois">Illinois governor</a>. This election was the sixth and most recent rematch in American presidential history. It was the second time in which the winner was the same both times, the first being <a href="/wiki/William_McKinley" title="William McKinley">William McKinley</a>'s victories over <a href="/wiki/William_Jennings_Bryan" title="William Jennings Bryan">William Jennings Bryan</a> in <a href="/wiki/1896_United_States_presidential_election" title="1896 United States presidential election">1896</a> and <a href="/wiki/1900_United_States_presidential_election" title="1900 United States presidential election">1900</a>. This was the last election before <a href="/wiki/Term_limit" title="Term limit">term limits</a> established by the <a href="/wiki/Twenty-second_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution" title="Twenty-second Amendment to the United States Constitution">Twenty-second Amendment to the United States Constitution</a>, which first applied to Eisenhower, became effective. </p><p>Eisenhower, who first became famous for his military leadership in World War II, remained widely popular. A heart attack in 1955 provoked speculation that he would not seek a second term, but his health recovered and he faced no opposition at the <a href="/wiki/1956_Republican_National_Convention" title="1956 Republican National Convention">1956 Republican National Convention</a>. Stevenson remained popular with a core of liberal Democrats, but held no office and had no real base. He defeated <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_New_York" title="Governor of New York">New York Governor</a> <a href="/wiki/W._Averell_Harriman" title="W. Averell Harriman">W. Averell Harriman</a> and several other candidates on the first presidential ballot of the <a href="/wiki/1956_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1956 Democratic National Convention">1956 Democratic National Convention</a>. Stevenson called for a significant increase in government spending on social programs and a decrease in military spending. </p><p>With the end of the <a href="/wiki/Korean_War" title="Korean War">Korean War</a> and a strong economy, Eisenhower was the heavy favorite to win reelection. Supporters of the president focused on his "personal qualities ... his sincerity, his integrity and sense of duty, his virtue as a family man, his religious devotion, and his sheer likeableness",<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> rather than on his leadership record. The weeks before the election saw two major international crises in <a href="/wiki/Suez_Crisis" title="Suez Crisis">the Middle East</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Revolution_of_1956" title="Hungarian Revolution of 1956">Eastern Europe</a>, and Eisenhower's handling of the crises boosted his popularity. </p><p>Eisenhower slightly improved on his 1952 majorities in both the popular and <a href="/wiki/Electoral_College_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Electoral College (United States)">electoral</a> vote. He increased his 1952 gains among Democrats, especially Northern and Midwestern <a href="/wiki/White_ethnic" title="White ethnic">white ethnic</a> groups and city-dwelling and suburban <a href="/wiki/White_Southerners" title="White Southerners">White Southerners</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Surprisingly, Eisenhower narrowly <a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Missouri" title="1956 United States presidential election in Missouri">lost Missouri</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Bellwether" title="Bellwether">bellwether</a> state for most of the 20th century, and which voted for him in 1952; at the same time he carried <a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Kentucky" title="1956 United States presidential election in Kentucky">Kentucky</a>, <a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Louisiana" title="1956 United States presidential election in Louisiana">Louisiana</a>, and <a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_West_Virginia" title="1956 United States presidential election in West Virginia">West Virginia</a>, which had voted against him in the previous election. This was the last presidential election before the admissions of Alaska and Hawaii in 1959, the last election in which both Massachusetts and Minnesota simultaneously voted Republican, as well as the final presidential election in which a major party candidate was born in the 19th century. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Republican_Party">Republican Party</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1956_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Republican Party"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/1956_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1956 Republican Party presidential primaries">1956 Republican Party presidential primaries</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/1956_Republican_National_Convention" title="1956 Republican National Convention">1956 Republican National Convention</a></div> <table class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%; text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="background:#f1f1f1;" colspan="30"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)"><img alt="Republican Party (United States)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Republican_Disc.svg/65px-Republican_Disc.svg.png" decoding="async" width="65" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Republican_Disc.svg/98px-Republican_Disc.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Republican_Disc.svg/130px-Republican_Disc.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="227" data-file-height="227" /></a><figcaption>Republican Party (United States)</figcaption></figure><big><b>1956 Republican Party ticket</b></big> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:3em; font-size:135%; background:#E81B23; width:200px;"><a href="/wiki/Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Dwight D. Eisenhower"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334494">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">Dwight D. Eisenhower</span></a> </th> <th style="width:3em; font-size:135%; background:#E81B23; width:200px;"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">Richard Nixon</span></a> </th></tr> <tr style="color:#000; font-size:100%; background:#FFD0D7;"> <td style="width:3em; width:200px;"><i><b>for President</b></i> </td> <td style="width:3em; width:200px;"><i><b>for Vice President</b></i> </td></tr> <tr> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Dwight_David_Eisenhower_1952_crop.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Dwight_David_Eisenhower_1952_crop.jpg/160px-Dwight_David_Eisenhower_1952_crop.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Dwight_David_Eisenhower_1952_crop.jpg/240px-Dwight_David_Eisenhower_1952_crop.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Dwight_David_Eisenhower_1952_crop.jpg/320px-Dwight_David_Eisenhower_1952_crop.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2171" data-file-height="2715" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Richard_Nixon_official_portrait_as_Vice_President_(cropped).tiff" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Richard_Nixon_official_portrait_as_Vice_President_%28cropped%29.tiff/lossy-page1-150px-Richard_Nixon_official_portrait_as_Vice_President_%28cropped%29.tiff.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Richard_Nixon_official_portrait_as_Vice_President_%28cropped%29.tiff/lossy-page1-225px-Richard_Nixon_official_portrait_as_Vice_President_%28cropped%29.tiff.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Richard_Nixon_official_portrait_as_Vice_President_%28cropped%29.tiff/lossy-page1-300px-Richard_Nixon_official_portrait_as_Vice_President_%28cropped%29.tiff.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3025" data-file-height="4037" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of presidents of the United States">34th</a><br /><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President of the United States</a><br /><small>(1953–1961)</small> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/List_of_vice_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of vice presidents of the United States">36th</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States" title="Vice President of the United States">Vice President of the United States</a><br /><small>(1953–1961)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Dwight_D._Eisenhower#Election_of_1956" title="Dwight D. Eisenhower"><b>Campaign</b></a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Republican_candidates">Republican candidates</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1956_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Republican candidates"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Dwight_David_Eisenhower_1952_crop.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="President of the United States Dwight D. Eisenhower from Pennsylvania (1953–1961)"><img alt="President of the United States Dwight D. Eisenhower from Pennsylvania (1953–1961)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Dwight_David_Eisenhower_1952_crop.jpg/96px-Dwight_David_Eisenhower_1952_crop.jpg" decoding="async" width="96" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Dwight_David_Eisenhower_1952_crop.jpg/144px-Dwight_David_Eisenhower_1952_crop.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Dwight_David_Eisenhower_1952_crop.jpg/192px-Dwight_David_Eisenhower_1952_crop.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2171" data-file-height="2715" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President of the United States</a><br /><b><a href="/wiki/Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Dwight D. Eisenhower">Dwight D. Eisenhower</a></b><br />from <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a><br />(1953–1961)</div></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:S._C._Arnold_(Montana_Secretary_of_State).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Montana Secretary of State S. C. Arnold from Montana (1955–1957)"><img alt="Montana Secretary of State S. C. Arnold from Montana (1955–1957)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/S._C._Arnold_%28Montana_Secretary_of_State%29.jpg/74px-S._C._Arnold_%28Montana_Secretary_of_State%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="74" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/S._C._Arnold_%28Montana_Secretary_of_State%29.jpg/110px-S._C._Arnold_%28Montana_Secretary_of_State%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/S._C._Arnold_%28Montana_Secretary_of_State%29.jpg/147px-S._C._Arnold_%28Montana_Secretary_of_State%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="398" data-file-height="648" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_of_Montana" title="Secretary of State of Montana">Montana Secretary of State</a><br /><b><a href="/wiki/S._C._Arnold" title="S. C. Arnold">S. C. Arnold</a></b><br />from <a href="/wiki/Montana" title="Montana">Montana</a><br />(1955–1957)</div></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:John_W._Bricker_cph.3b31299_(cropped_3x4).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Senator John W. Bricker from Ohio (1947–1959)"><img alt="Senator John W. Bricker from Ohio (1947–1959)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/John_W._Bricker_cph.3b31299_%28cropped_3x4%29.jpg/90px-John_W._Bricker_cph.3b31299_%28cropped_3x4%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/John_W._Bricker_cph.3b31299_%28cropped_3x4%29.jpg/135px-John_W._Bricker_cph.3b31299_%28cropped_3x4%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/John_W._Bricker_cph.3b31299_%28cropped_3x4%29.jpg/180px-John_W._Bricker_cph.3b31299_%28cropped_3x4%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="849" data-file-height="1131" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">Senator</a><br /><b><a href="/wiki/John_W._Bricker" title="John W. Bricker">John W. Bricker</a></b><br />from <a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a><br />(1947–1959)</div></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:William_F._Knowland_headshot.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Senator William Knowland from California (1945–1959)"><img alt="Senator William Knowland from California (1945–1959)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/William_F._Knowland_headshot.jpg/96px-William_F._Knowland_headshot.jpg" decoding="async" width="96" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/William_F._Knowland_headshot.jpg/144px-William_F._Knowland_headshot.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/William_F._Knowland_headshot.jpg/192px-William_F._Knowland_headshot.jpg 2x" data-file-width="488" data-file-height="610" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">Senator</a><br /><b><a href="/wiki/William_Knowland" title="William Knowland">William Knowland</a></b><br />from <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a><br />(1945–1959)</div></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Joe_Foss_official_portrait_as_Governor.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Governor Joe Foss from South Dakota (1955–1959)"><img alt="Governor Joe Foss from South Dakota (1955–1959)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Joe_Foss_official_portrait_as_Governor.jpg/98px-Joe_Foss_official_portrait_as_Governor.jpg" decoding="async" width="98" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Joe_Foss_official_portrait_as_Governor.jpg/147px-Joe_Foss_official_portrait_as_Governor.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Joe_Foss_official_portrait_as_Governor.jpg/196px-Joe_Foss_official_portrait_as_Governor.jpg 2x" data-file-width="744" data-file-height="909" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_South_Dakota" title="List of governors of South Dakota">Governor</a><br /><b><a href="/wiki/Joe_Foss" title="Joe Foss">Joe Foss</a></b><br />from <a href="/wiki/South_Dakota" title="South Dakota">South Dakota</a><br />(1955–1959)</div></div> </li> </ul><p>Early in 1956, there was speculation that President Eisenhower would not run for a second term because of concerns about his health. In 1955, Eisenhower had suffered a serious <a href="/wiki/Myocardial_infarction" title="Myocardial infarction">heart attack</a>. However, he soon recovered and decided to run for a second term. (In June 1956 he also underwent surgery for <a href="/wiki/Ileitis" title="Ileitis">ileitis</a>.) Given Eisenhower's enormous popularity, he was renominated with no opposition at the <a href="/wiki/1956_Republican_National_Convention" title="1956 Republican National Convention">1956 Republican National Convention</a> in San Francisco. </p><p>According to Steven Ambrose, Nixon was anguished that Eisenhower never liked him and had repeatedly delayed saying Nixon should be renominated for vice president. Ambrose also stated that Eisenhower favored <a href="/wiki/Robert_B._Anderson_(Texas_politician)" title="Robert B. Anderson (Texas politician)">Robert B. Anderson</a>, a former Democrat who had served as <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Navy" title="United States Secretary of the Navy">United States Secretary of the Navy</a> and <a href="/wiki/United_States_Deputy_Secretary_of_Defense" title="United States Deputy Secretary of Defense">United States Deputy Secretary of Defense</a>, but Anderson declined to be considered. With Eisenhower worried about his health, he decided that Nixon had his shortcomings, but was better prepared to assume the presidency than any possible alternative. In Ambrose's view, "In itself, that was the highest possible tribute he could pay Nixon."<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Harold_Stassen" title="Harold Stassen">Harold Stassen</a> was the only Republican to publicly oppose Nixon's re-nomination for vice president, and Nixon remained highly popular among the Republican rank-and-file voters. Nixon had worked hard to reshape the vice presidency. It became his platform to campaign for Republican state and local candidates across the country, and these candidates came to his defense. In the spring of 1956, Eisenhower publicly announced that Nixon would again be his running mate, and Stassen was forced to second Nixon's nomination at the Republican Convention. Unlike 1952, conservative Republicans (who had supported <a href="/wiki/Robert_A._Taft" title="Robert A. Taft">Robert A. Taft</a> against Eisenhower in 1952) did not attempt to shape the platform. At the convention, Nebraska delegate <a href="/wiki/Terry_Carpenter" title="Terry Carpenter">Terry McGovern Carpenter</a> voted for a fictitious "Joe Smith" for vice president to prevent a unanimous vote.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Democratic_Party">Democratic Party</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1956_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Democratic Party"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/1956_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1956 Democratic Party presidential primaries">1956 Democratic Party presidential primaries</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/1956_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1956 Democratic National Convention">1956 Democratic National Convention</a></div> <table class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%; text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <td style="background:#f1f1f1;" colspan="30"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)"><img alt="Democratic Party (United States)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Democratic_Disc.svg/65px-Democratic_Disc.svg.png" decoding="async" width="65" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Democratic_Disc.svg/98px-Democratic_Disc.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Democratic_Disc.svg/130px-Democratic_Disc.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Democratic Party (United States)</figcaption></figure><big><b>1956 Democratic Party ticket </b></big> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:3em; font-size:135%; background:#3333FF; width:200px"><a href="/wiki/Adlai_Stevenson_II" title="Adlai Stevenson II"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">Adlai Stevenson</span></a> </th> <th style="width:3em; font-size:135%; background:#3333FF; width:200px"><a href="/wiki/Estes_Kefauver" title="Estes Kefauver"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">Estes Kefauver</span></a> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="width:3em; font-size:100%; color:#000; background:#C8EBFF; width:200px;"><i><b>for President</b></i> </td> <td style="width:3em; font-size:100%; color:#000; background:#C8EBFF; width:200px;"><i><b>for Vice President</b></i> </td></tr> <tr> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Adlai_Stevenson_close-up.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Adlai_Stevenson_close-up.jpg/158px-Adlai_Stevenson_close-up.jpg" decoding="async" width="158" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Adlai_Stevenson_close-up.jpg/237px-Adlai_Stevenson_close-up.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Adlai_Stevenson_close-up.jpg/316px-Adlai_Stevenson_close-up.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4347" data-file-height="5494" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:SenatorKefauver(D-TN)_(3x4).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/SenatorKefauver%28D-TN%29_%283x4%29.jpg/150px-SenatorKefauver%28D-TN%29_%283x4%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/SenatorKefauver%28D-TN%29_%283x4%29.jpg/225px-SenatorKefauver%28D-TN%29_%283x4%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/SenatorKefauver%28D-TN%29_%283x4%29.jpg/300px-SenatorKefauver%28D-TN%29_%283x4%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2149" data-file-height="2867" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Illinois" title="List of governors of Illinois">31st</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Illinois" title="Governor of Illinois">Governor of Illinois</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(1949–1953)</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">U.S. Senator</a> from <a href="/wiki/Tennessee" title="Tennessee">Tennessee</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(1949–1963)</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Adlai_Stevenson_II#1956_presidential_bid" title="Adlai Stevenson II"><b>Campaign</b></a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Democratic_candidates">Democratic candidates</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1956_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Democratic candidates"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Adlai_Stevenson_close-up.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Former Governor Adlai Stevenson II from Illinois (1949–1953)"><img alt="Former Governor Adlai Stevenson II from Illinois (1949–1953)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Adlai_Stevenson_close-up.jpg/95px-Adlai_Stevenson_close-up.jpg" decoding="async" width="95" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Adlai_Stevenson_close-up.jpg/142px-Adlai_Stevenson_close-up.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Adlai_Stevenson_close-up.jpg/190px-Adlai_Stevenson_close-up.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4347" data-file-height="5494" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Illinois" title="List of governors of Illinois">Former Governor</a><br /><b><a href="/wiki/Adlai_Stevenson_II" title="Adlai Stevenson II">Adlai Stevenson II</a></b><br />from <a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a><br />(1949–1953)</div></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:SenatorKefauver(D-TN).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Senator Estes Kefauver from Tennessee (1949–1963)"><img alt="Senator Estes Kefauver from Tennessee (1949–1963)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/SenatorKefauver%28D-TN%29.jpg/97px-SenatorKefauver%28D-TN%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="97" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/SenatorKefauver%28D-TN%29.jpg/145px-SenatorKefauver%28D-TN%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/SenatorKefauver%28D-TN%29.jpg/194px-SenatorKefauver%28D-TN%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2317" data-file-height="2867" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">Senator</a><br /><b><a href="/wiki/Estes_Kefauver" title="Estes Kefauver">Estes Kefauver</a></b><br />from <a href="/wiki/Tennessee" title="Tennessee">Tennessee</a><br />(1949–1963)</div></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:William_Averell_Harriman.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Governor W. Averell Harriman from New York (1955–1958)"><img alt="Governor W. Averell Harriman from New York (1955–1958)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/William_Averell_Harriman.jpg/93px-William_Averell_Harriman.jpg" decoding="async" width="93" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/William_Averell_Harriman.jpg/140px-William_Averell_Harriman.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/William_Averell_Harriman.jpg/186px-William_Averell_Harriman.jpg 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="322" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_New_York" title="List of governors of New York">Governor</a><br /><b><a href="/wiki/W._Averell_Harriman" title="W. Averell Harriman">W. Averell Harriman</a></b><br />from <a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a><br />(1955–1958)</div></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Primaries">Primaries</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1956_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Primaries"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1956DemocraticPresidentialPrimaries.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/1956DemocraticPresidentialPrimaries.svg/450px-1956DemocraticPresidentialPrimaries.svg.png" decoding="async" width="450" height="262" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/1956DemocraticPresidentialPrimaries.svg/675px-1956DemocraticPresidentialPrimaries.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/1956DemocraticPresidentialPrimaries.svg/900px-1956DemocraticPresidentialPrimaries.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1020" data-file-height="593" /></a><figcaption>Results of the 1956 Democratic presidential primaries.</figcaption></figure> <p>Adlai Stevenson, the Democratic Party's <a href="/wiki/1952_United_States_presidential_election" title="1952 United States presidential election">1952</a> nominee, fought a tight primary battle with populist <a href="/wiki/Tennessee" title="Tennessee">Tennessee</a> Senator <a href="/wiki/Estes_Kefauver" title="Estes Kefauver">Estes Kefauver</a> for the 1956 nomination. Kefauver won the <a href="/wiki/New_Hampshire_primary" class="mw-redirect" title="New Hampshire primary">New Hampshire primary</a> unopposed (though Stevenson won 15% on write-ins). After Kefauver upset Stevenson in the <a href="/wiki/Minnesota_presidential_primary" title="Minnesota presidential primary">Minnesota primary</a>, Stevenson, realizing that he was in trouble, agreed to debate Kefauver in Florida. Stevenson and Kefauver held the first televised presidential debate on May 21, 1956, before the Florida primary.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Stevenson carried Florida by a 52–48% margin. By the time of the California primary in June 1956, Kefauver's campaign had run low on money and could not compete for publicity and advertising with the well-funded Stevenson. Stevenson won the California primary by a 63–37% margin, and Kefauver soon withdrew from the race. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Popular_vote_results">Popular vote results</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1956_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Popular vote results"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adlai_Stevenson_II" title="Adlai Stevenson II">Adlai Stevenson</a> - 3,051,347 (52.3%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estes_Kefauver" title="Estes Kefauver">Estes Kefauver</a> - 2,278,636 (39.1%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Lausche" title="Frank Lausche">Frank Lausche</a> - 276,923 (4.7%)</li> <li>Unpledged - 171,198 (2.9%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_William_McCormack" class="mw-redirect" title="John William McCormack">John William McCormack</a> - 26,128 (0.4%)</li> <li>Others - 28,360 (0.6%)</li></ul> <p>Source<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Democratic_National_Convention">Democratic National Convention</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1956_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Democratic National Convention"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>At the <a href="/wiki/1956_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1956 Democratic National Convention">1956 Democratic National Convention</a> in Chicago, New York Governor <a href="/wiki/W._Averell_Harriman" title="W. Averell Harriman">W. Averell Harriman</a>, who was backed by former President <a href="/wiki/Harry_S._Truman" title="Harry S. Truman">Harry S. Truman</a>, challenged Stevenson for the nomination. However, Stevenson's delegate lead was much too large for Harriman to overcome, and Stevenson won on the first ballot. </p><p>The roll call, as reported in Richard C. Bain and Judith H. Parris, <i>Convention Decisions and Voting Records</i>, pp. 294–298: </p> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:left"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2">Presidential balloting, DNC 1956 </th></tr> <tr> <th>Contender </th> <th>Vote </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Adlai_Stevenson_II" title="Adlai Stevenson II">Adlai Stevenson</a> </th> <th>905.5 </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/W._Averell_Harriman" title="W. Averell Harriman">W. Averell Harriman</a> </th> <th>210 </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson" title="Lyndon B. Johnson">Lyndon B. Johnson</a> </th> <th>80 </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Stuart_Symington" title="Stuart Symington">Stuart Symington</a> </th> <th>45.5 </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Happy_Chandler" title="Happy Chandler">Happy Chandler</a> </th> <th>36.5 </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/James_C._Davis" title="James C. Davis">James C. Davis</a> </th> <th>33 </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/John_S._Battle" title="John S. Battle">John S. Battle</a> </th> <th>32.5 </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/George_Bell_Timmerman_Jr." title="George Bell Timmerman Jr.">George Bell Timmerman Jr.</a> </th> <th>23.5 </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Frank_Lausche" title="Frank Lausche">Frank Lausche</a> </th> <th>5.5 </th></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Vice-presidential_nomination">Vice-presidential nomination</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1956_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Vice-presidential nomination"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Candidate </th> <th>Current position </th></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:SenatorKefauver(D-TN).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/SenatorKefauver%28D-TN%29.jpg/100px-SenatorKefauver%28D-TN%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/SenatorKefauver%28D-TN%29.jpg/150px-SenatorKefauver%28D-TN%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/SenatorKefauver%28D-TN%29.jpg/200px-SenatorKefauver%28D-TN%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2317" data-file-height="2867" /></a></span><br /><b><a href="/wiki/Estes_Kefauver" title="Estes Kefauver">Estes Kefauver</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Tennessee" title="List of United States senators from Tennessee">U.S. Senator from Tennessee</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:John_F._Kennedy_-_NARA_-_518134.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/John_F._Kennedy_-_NARA_-_518134.jpg/100px-John_F._Kennedy_-_NARA_-_518134.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/John_F._Kennedy_-_NARA_-_518134.jpg/150px-John_F._Kennedy_-_NARA_-_518134.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/John_F._Kennedy_-_NARA_-_518134.jpg/200px-John_F._Kennedy_-_NARA_-_518134.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2353" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span><br /><b><a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy" title="John F. Kennedy">John F. Kennedy</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Massachusetts" title="List of United States senators from Massachusetts">U.S. Senator from Massachusetts</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Albert_Gore_Sr..jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Albert_Gore_Sr..jpg/100px-Albert_Gore_Sr..jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="129" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Albert_Gore_Sr..jpg/150px-Albert_Gore_Sr..jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cf/Albert_Gore_Sr..jpg 2x" data-file-width="168" data-file-height="216" /></a></span><br /><b><a href="/wiki/Albert_Gore_Sr." title="Albert Gore Sr.">Albert Gore Sr.</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Tennessee" title="List of United States senators from Tennessee">U.S. Senator from Tennessee</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:RobertFWagner.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/RobertFWagner.png/100px-RobertFWagner.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/RobertFWagner.png/150px-RobertFWagner.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/RobertFWagner.png/200px-RobertFWagner.png 2x" data-file-width="382" data-file-height="540" /></a></span><br /><b><a href="/wiki/Robert_F._Wagner_Jr." title="Robert F. Wagner Jr.">Robert F. Wagner Jr.</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_New_York_City" title="Mayor of New York City">Mayor of New York City</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hubert_Humphrey_crop.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Hubert_Humphrey_crop.jpg/100px-Hubert_Humphrey_crop.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="126" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Hubert_Humphrey_crop.jpg/150px-Hubert_Humphrey_crop.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Hubert_Humphrey_crop.jpg/200px-Hubert_Humphrey_crop.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2475" data-file-height="3115" /></a></span><br /><b><a href="/wiki/Hubert_Humphrey" title="Hubert Humphrey">Hubert Humphrey</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Minnesota" title="List of United States senators from Minnesota">U.S. Senator from Minnesota</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The highlight of the 1956 Democratic Convention came when Stevenson, to create excitement for the ticket, made the surprise announcement that the convention's delegates would choose his running mate. This set off a desperate scramble among several candidates to win the nomination. Potential vice presidential candidates had only one hectic day to campaign among the delegates before the voting began. The two leading contenders were Senator Kefauver, who retained the support of his primary delegates, and Senator <a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy" title="John F. Kennedy">John F. Kennedy</a> from Massachusetts, who was not well known at the time. Although Stevenson privately preferred Senator Kennedy to be his running mate, he did not attempt to influence the balloting for Kennedy in any way. Kennedy surprised the experts by surging into the lead on the second ballot; at one point, he was only 15 votes shy of winning. However, a number of states then left their "favorite son" candidates and switched to Kefauver, giving him the victory. Kennedy then gave a gracious concession speech. The defeat was a boost for Kennedy's long-term presidential chances: as a serious contender, he gained favorable national publicity, yet by losing to Kefauver he avoided blame for Stevenson's loss to Eisenhower in November. The vote totals in the vice presidential balloting are recorded in the following table, which also comes from Bain & Parris. </p> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:left"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="4">Vice Presidential balloting, DNC 1956 </th></tr> <tr> <th>Ballot </th> <th>1 </th> <th>2 before shifts </th> <th>2 after shifts </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Estes_Kefauver" title="Estes Kefauver">Estes Kefauver</a> </th> <th>466.5 </th> <th>551.5 </th> <th>755.5 </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy" title="John F. Kennedy">John F. Kennedy</a> </th> <th>294.5 </th> <th>618 </th> <th>589 </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Albert_Gore_Sr." title="Albert Gore Sr.">Albert Gore Sr.</a> </th> <th>178 </th> <th>110.5 </th> <th>13.5 </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Robert_F._Wagner_Jr." title="Robert F. Wagner Jr.">Robert F. Wagner Jr.</a> </th> <th>162.5 </th> <th>9.5 </th> <th>6 </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Hubert_Humphrey" title="Hubert Humphrey">Hubert Humphrey</a> </th> <th>134 </th> <th>74.5 </th> <th>2 </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Luther_H._Hodges" title="Luther H. Hodges">Luther H. Hodges</a> </th> <th>40 </th> <th>0.5 </th> <th>0 </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/w/index.php?title=P.T._Maner&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="P.T. Maner (page does not exist)">P.T. Maner</a> </th> <th>33 </th> <th>0 </th> <th>0 </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/LeRoy_Collins" title="LeRoy Collins">LeRoy Collins</a> </th> <th>29 </th> <th>0 </th> <th>0 </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Clinton_Presba_Anderson" class="mw-redirect" title="Clinton Presba Anderson">Clinton Presba Anderson</a> </th> <th>16 </th> <th>0 </th> <th>0 </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Frank_G._Clement" title="Frank G. Clement">Frank G. Clement</a> </th> <th>14 </th> <th>0 </th> <th>0 </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Pat_Brown" title="Pat Brown">Pat Brown</a> </th> <th>1 </th> <th>0 </th> <th>0 </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson" title="Lyndon B. Johnson">Lyndon B. Johnson</a> </th> <th>1 </th> <th>0 </th> <th>0 </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Stuart_Symington" title="Stuart Symington">Stuart Symington</a> </th> <th>1 </th> <th>0 </th> <th>0 </th></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="General_election">General election</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1956_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: General election"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Campaign">Campaign</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1956_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Campaign"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Stevenson campaigned hard against Eisenhower, with television ads for the first time being the dominant medium for both sides. Eisenhower's 1952 election victory had been due in large part to winning the female vote; hence, during this campaign there was a plethora of "housewife"-focused ads. Some commentators at the time also argued that television's new prominence was a major factor in Eisenhower's decision to run for a second term at the age of 66, considering his weak health after the heart attack in 1955. Television allowed Eisenhower to reach people across the country without enduring the strain of repeated coast-to-coast travel, making a national campaign more feasible.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:PresidentialCounty1956.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/PresidentialCounty1956.png/400px-PresidentialCounty1956.png" decoding="async" width="400" height="260" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/PresidentialCounty1956.png/600px-PresidentialCounty1956.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/PresidentialCounty1956.png/800px-PresidentialCounty1956.png 2x" data-file-width="1513" data-file-height="983" /></a><figcaption>Results by county explicitly indicating the percentage for the winning candidate. Shades of red are for Eisenhower (Republican), shades of blue are for Stevenson (Democratic), and shades of green are for <a href="/wiki/Unpledged_elector" title="Unpledged elector">Unpledged Electors</a>/Andrews (Independent/States' Rights).</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_results_of_the_1956_Presidential_Election_by_Congressional_District.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/The_results_of_the_1956_Presidential_Election_by_Congressional_District.png/400px-The_results_of_the_1956_Presidential_Election_by_Congressional_District.png" decoding="async" width="400" height="255" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/The_results_of_the_1956_Presidential_Election_by_Congressional_District.png/600px-The_results_of_the_1956_Presidential_Election_by_Congressional_District.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/The_results_of_the_1956_Presidential_Election_by_Congressional_District.png/800px-The_results_of_the_1956_Presidential_Election_by_Congressional_District.png 2x" data-file-width="1475" data-file-height="941" /></a><figcaption>Results by congressional districts explicitly indicating the percentage for the winning candidate. Shades of red are for Eisenhower (Republican), shades of blue are for Stevenson (Democratic), and shades of green are for <a href="/wiki/Unpledged_elector" title="Unpledged elector">Unpledged Electors</a>/Andrews (Independent/States' Rights).</figcaption></figure> <p>Stevenson proposed significant increases in government spending for <a href="/wiki/Social_programs_in_the_United_States" title="Social programs in the United States">social programs</a> and treaties with the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> to lower military spending and end nuclear testing on both sides. He also proposed to end the military draft and switch to an "all-volunteer" military. Eisenhower publicly opposed these ideas, even though in private he was working on a proposal to ban atmospheric nuclear testing. Eisenhower had retained the enormous personal and political popularity he had earned during <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, and he maintained a comfortable lead in the polls throughout the campaign. </p><p>Eisenhower was also helped by his handling of two developing foreign-policy crises that occurred in the weeks before the election. In the Soviet-occupied <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_Hungary" class="mw-redirect" title="People's Republic of Hungary">People's Republic of Hungary</a>, many citizens had risen in revolt in the <a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Revolution_of_1956" title="Hungarian Revolution of 1956">Revolution of 1956</a> against Soviet domination, but the Soviets responded by invading the country on October 26. Three days later, a combined force of Israeli, British, and French troops <a href="/wiki/Suez_Crisis" title="Suez Crisis">invaded Egypt</a> to topple <a href="/wiki/Gamal_Abdel_Nasser" title="Gamal Abdel Nasser">Gamal Abdel Nasser</a> and seize the recently nationalized <a href="/wiki/Suez_Canal" title="Suez Canal">Suez Canal</a>. The resolution of the latter crisis rapidly moved to the United Nations,<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the Hungarian revolt was brutally crushed within a few days by re-deployed Soviet troops. Eisenhower condemned both actions, but was unable to help Hungary; he did, however, forcefully pressure the western forces to withdraw from Egypt. </p><p>While these two events led many Americans to rally in support of the president and swelled his expected margin of victory, the campaign was seen differently by some foreign governments.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Eisenhower administration had also supported the <i><a href="/wiki/Brown_v._Board_of_Education" title="Brown v. Board of Education">Brown v. Board of Education</a></i> ruling in 1954; this ruling by the U.S. Supreme Court ended legal <a href="/wiki/Racial_segregation" title="Racial segregation">segregation</a> in public schools. Meanwhile, Stevenson voiced disapproval about federal court intervention in segregation, saying about <i>Brown</i> that "we don't need reforms or groping experiments."<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was an about-face from the national Democratic party platform's endorsement of civil rights in the <a href="/wiki/1948_United_States_presidential_election" title="1948 United States presidential election">1948 campaign</a>. Although Eisenhower "avoid[ed] a clear stand on the <i>Brown</i> decision" during the campaign,<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in the contest with Stevenson, he won the support of nearly 40% of black voters; he was the last Republican presidential candidate to receive such a level of support from black voters. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Results">Results</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1956_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Results"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Eisenhower <a href="/wiki/Historical_polling_for_U.S._Presidential_elections#1956_United_States_presidential_election" class="mw-redirect" title="Historical polling for U.S. Presidential elections">led all opinion polls by large margins</a> throughout the campaign. On Election Day Eisenhower took over 57% of the popular vote and won 41 of the 48 states. Stevenson won only six Southern states and the border state of <a href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">Missouri</a>, becoming the first losing candidate since <a href="/wiki/William_Jennings_Bryan" title="William Jennings Bryan">William Jennings Bryan</a> in <a href="/wiki/1900_United_States_presidential_election" title="1900 United States presidential election">1900</a> to carry Missouri. Eisenhower carried Louisiana, making him the first Republican presidential candidate to carry the state, or any state in the Deep South for that matter, since <a href="/wiki/Rutherford_Hayes" class="mw-redirect" title="Rutherford Hayes">Rutherford Hayes</a> had done so in 1876 during <a href="/wiki/Reconstruction_Era_of_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Reconstruction Era of the United States">Reconstruction</a>, Eisenhower was the first Republican to win two presidential terms since <a href="/wiki/William_McKinley" title="William McKinley">William McKinley</a> in <a href="/wiki/1900_United_States_presidential_election" title="1900 United States presidential election">1900</a>. </p><p>Eisenhower, who had won in twenty-one of the thirty-nine cities with a population above 250,000 in the 1952 election, won in twenty-eight of those cities in the 1956 election. He had won six of the eight largest cities in the Southern United States in the 1952 election and won seven of them with <a href="/wiki/Atlanta" title="Atlanta">Atlanta</a> being the only one to remain Democratic.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Of the 3,101 counties/independent cities making returns, Eisenhower won the most popular votes in 2,143 (69.11%) while Stevenson carried 924 (29.80%). Unpledged Electors prevailed in 32 counties (1.03%) while Andrews carried two counties (0.06%). </p><p>This election was the last in which Massachusetts voted Republican until <a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election" title="1980 United States presidential election">1980</a> and the last in which Connecticut, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Texas, and West Virginia did so until <a href="/wiki/1972_United_States_presidential_election" title="1972 United States presidential election">1972</a>. Conversely this was the last election in which Mississippi voted Democratic until <a href="/wiki/1976_United_States_presidential_election" title="1976 United States presidential election">1976</a>, and is also the last election until 1976 when Alabama gave a majority of its electoral votes to the Democratic candidate. As of 2023, this remains the last time that Missouri, Arkansas, Mississippi, Alabama, South Carolina, and North Carolina would back a losing Democratic presidential candidate. </p><p>In 9 Southern states, a slate of third party options emerged as a protest to the civil rights movement. This was a continuation of the former Dixiecrat party from 1948. The states of Tennessee, Arkansas, Texas, and Virginia went a step farther, nominating <a href="/wiki/T._Coleman_Andrews" title="T. Coleman Andrews">Thomas Andrews</a> for president, meanwhile in Kentucky they nominated senator <a href="/wiki/Harry_F._Byrd" title="Harry F. Byrd">Harry Byrd</a> for president. The remaining states of Mississippi, South Carolina, Alabama, and Louisiana, left their electors as "Unpledged". </p> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Electoral results </caption> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2">Presidential candidate </th> <th rowspan="2">Party </th> <th rowspan="2">Home state </th> <th colspan="2">Popular vote </th> <th rowspan="2">Electoral<br />vote </th> <th colspan="3">Running mate </th></tr> <tr> <th>Count </th> <th>Percentage </th> <th>Vice-presidential candidate </th> <th>Home state </th> <th>Electoral vote </th></tr> <tr> <td><b> <a href="/wiki/Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Dwight D. Eisenhower">Dwight D. Eisenhower</a> (incumbent)</b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">35,579,180 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">57.37% </td> <td style="text-align:right;">457 </td> <td><b> <a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Richard Nixon</a> (incumbent)</b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">457 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b> <a href="/wiki/Adlai_Stevenson_II" title="Adlai Stevenson II">Adlai Stevenson II</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">26,028,028 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">41.97% </td> <td style="text-align:right;">73 </td> <td><b> <a href="/wiki/Estes_Kefauver" title="Estes Kefauver">Estes Kefauver</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tennessee" title="Tennessee">Tennessee</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">73 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b> <i>(<a href="/wiki/Unpledged_elector" title="Unpledged elector">Unpledged electors</a>)</i></b> </td> <td><i>(n/a)</i> </td> <td><i>(n/a)</i> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">196,318 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.32% </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td><b> <i>(n/a)</i></b> </td> <td><i>(n/a)</i> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b> <a href="/wiki/T._Coleman_Andrews" title="T. Coleman Andrews">T. Coleman Andrews</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dixiecrat" title="Dixiecrat">States' Rights</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">108,956 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.18% </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td><b> <a href="/wiki/Thomas_H._Werdel" title="Thomas H. Werdel">Thomas H. Werdel</a></b> </td> <td>California </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b> <a href="/wiki/Eric_Hass" title="Eric Hass">Eric Hass</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Labor_Party_of_America" title="Socialist Labor Party of America">Socialist Labor</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">44,450 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.07% </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td><b> <a href="/wiki/Georgia_Cozzini" title="Georgia Cozzini">Georgia Cozzini</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin" title="Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b> <a href="/wiki/Enoch_A._Holtwick" title="Enoch A. Holtwick">Enoch A. Holtwick</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Prohibition_Party" title="Prohibition Party">Prohibition</a> </td> <td>Illinois </td> <td style="text-align:right;">41,937 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.07% </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td><b> Edwin M. Cooper</b> </td> <td>California </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b> <a href="/wiki/Farrell_Dobbs" title="Farrell Dobbs">Farrell Dobbs</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Workers_Party_(United_States)" title="Socialist Workers Party (United States)">Socialist Workers</a> </td> <td>New York </td> <td style="text-align:right;">7,797 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.01% </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td><b> <a href="/wiki/Myra_Tanner_Weiss" title="Myra Tanner Weiss">Myra Tanner Weiss</a></b> </td> <td>California </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b> <a href="/wiki/Harry_F._Byrd" title="Harry F. Byrd">Harry F. Byrd</a></b> </td> <td>States' Rights </td> <td>Virginia </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2,657 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><0.01% </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td><b> <a href="/wiki/William_E._Jenner" title="William E. Jenner">William E. Jenner</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Indiana" title="Indiana">Indiana</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b> <a href="/wiki/Darlington_Hoopes" title="Darlington Hoopes">Darlington Hoopes</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_of_America" title="Socialist Party of America">Socialist</a> </td> <td>Pennsylvania </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2,128 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><0.01% </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td><b> <a href="/wiki/Samuel_H._Friedman" title="Samuel H. Friedman">Samuel H. Friedman</a></b> </td> <td>New York </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b> <a href="/wiki/Henry_B._Krajewski" title="Henry B. Krajewski">Henry B. Krajewski</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Henry_B._Krajewski" title="Henry B. Krajewski">American Third</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_Jersey" title="New Jersey">New Jersey</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,829 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><0.01% </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td><b> Anna Yezo</b> </td> <td>New Jersey </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b> <a href="/wiki/Gerald_L._K._Smith" title="Gerald L. K. Smith">Gerald L. K. Smith</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Christian_Nationalist_Crusade" title="Christian Nationalist Crusade">Christian Nationalist</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Michigan" title="Michigan">Michigan</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">8 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><0.01% </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td><b> Charles Robertson</b> </td> <td>Michigan </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b> <a href="/wiki/Walter_Burgwyn_Jones" title="Walter Burgwyn Jones">Walter Burgwyn Jones</a></b> </td> <td>Democratic </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alabama" title="Alabama">Alabama</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">—<sup>(a)</sup> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">—<sup>(a)</sup> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td> <td><b> <a href="/wiki/Herman_Talmadge" title="Herman Talmadge">Herman Talmadge</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="Georgia (U.S. state)">Georgia</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:right"> <td colspan="3" style="text-align:left;"><b>Other</b> </td> <td>8,691 </td> <td>0.01% </td> <td>— </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:left;"><b>Other</b> </td> <td>— </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:right"> <th colspan="3">Total </th> <td>62,021,979 </td> <td>100% </td> <td>531 </td> <td colspan="2"> </td> <td>531 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:right"> <th colspan="5">Needed to win </th> <td>266 </td> <td colspan="2"> </td> <td>266 </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Source (Popular Vote):</b> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFLeip" class="citation web cs1">Leip, David. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS/national.php?year=1956&f=0&off=0&elect=0">"1956 Presidential Election Results"</a>. <i>Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 1,</span> 2005</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Dave+Leip%27s+Atlas+of+U.S.+Presidential+Elections&rft.atitle=1956+Presidential+Election+Results&rft.aulast=Leip&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fuselectionatlas.org%2FRESULTS%2Fnational.php%3Fyear%3D1956%26f%3D0%26off%3D0%26elect%3D0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1956+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span><b>Source (Electoral Vote):</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.archives.gov/electoral-college/1956#certificates">"Electoral College Box Scores 1789–1996"</a>. <a href="/wiki/National_Archives_and_Records_Administration" title="National Archives and Records Administration">National Archives and Records Administration</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 1,</span> 2005</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Electoral+College+Box+Scores+1789%E2%80%931996&rft.pub=National+Archives+and+Records+Administration&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.archives.gov%2Felectoral-college%2F1956%23certificates&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1956+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span> </p> <table style="margin:0; border:none;"><tbody><tr><td style="border:none; padding:0;"><div class="notheme barbox" style="overflow-x: auto;"> <div style="border:1px solid silver; font-size:88%; padding:0.4em; width:600px; background: white; color: black;"> <table style="text-align:left; border-collapse:collapse; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr style="background:#ddd"><th style="text-align:center;" colspan="5">Popular vote</th></tr> <tr style="font-size:88%; height:4px;"> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0 4px; text-align:left;"></td> <td style="width:410px; text-align:left;"></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0 4px; width:1em; text-align:right;"></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><b>Eisenhower</b></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#E81B23; width:57.37%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">57.37%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Stevenson</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#3333FF; width:41.97%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">41.97%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Unpledged</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#3333FF; width:0.32%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">0.32%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Others</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#777777; width:0.34%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">0.34%</td> </tr> </tbody></table> </div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table> <table style="margin:0; border:none;"><tbody><tr><td style="border:none; padding:0;"><div class="notheme barbox" style="overflow-x: auto;"> <div style="border:1px solid silver; font-size:88%; padding:0.4em; width:600px; background: white; color: black;"> <table style="text-align:left; border-collapse:collapse; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr style="background:#ddd"><th style="text-align:center;" colspan="5">Electoral vote</th></tr> <tr style="font-size:88%; height:4px;"> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0 4px; text-align:left;"></td> <td style="width:410px; text-align:left;"></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0 4px; width:1em; text-align:right;"></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><b>Eisenhower</b></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#E81B23; width:86.06%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">86.06%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Stevenson</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#3333FF; width:13.75%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">13.75%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Jones</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#3333FF; width:0.19%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">0.19%</td> </tr> </tbody></table> </div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1956_Electoral_Map.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/1956_Electoral_Map.png/650px-1956_Electoral_Map.png" decoding="async" width="650" height="349" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/1956_Electoral_Map.png/975px-1956_Electoral_Map.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/1956_Electoral_Map.png 2x" data-file-width="1182" data-file-height="635" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional" style="max-width: 1629px;"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 535px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 530px; height: 347px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1956_United_States_presidential_election_results_map_by_county.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Results by county, shaded according to winning candidate's percentage of the vote"><img alt="Results by county, shaded according to winning candidate's percentage of the vote" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/1956_United_States_presidential_election_results_map_by_county.svg/500px-1956_United_States_presidential_election_results_map_by_county.svg.png" decoding="async" width="500" height="317" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/1956_United_States_presidential_election_results_map_by_county.svg/750px-1956_United_States_presidential_election_results_map_by_county.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/1956_United_States_presidential_election_results_map_by_county.svg/1000px-1956_United_States_presidential_election_results_map_by_county.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="555" data-file-height="352" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Results by county, shaded according to winning candidate's percentage of the vote</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 535px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 530px; height: 347px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1956_US_Presidential_election_by_congressional_district.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Results by districts, shaded according to winning candidate's percentage of the vote"><img alt="Results by districts, shaded according to winning candidate's percentage of the vote" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/1956_US_Presidential_election_by_congressional_district.svg/500px-1956_US_Presidential_election_by_congressional_district.svg.png" decoding="async" width="500" height="315" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/1956_US_Presidential_election_by_congressional_district.svg/750px-1956_US_Presidential_election_by_congressional_district.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/1956_US_Presidential_election_by_congressional_district.svg/1000px-1956_US_Presidential_election_by_congressional_district.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="504" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Results by districts, shaded according to winning candidate's percentage of the vote</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Results_by_state">Results by state</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1956_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Results by state"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Source: <sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"> <td>States/districts won by <a href="/wiki/Adlai_Stevenson_II" title="Adlai Stevenson II">Stevenson</a>/<a href="/wiki/Estes_Kefauver" title="Estes Kefauver">Kefauver</a> </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td>States/districts won by <a href="/wiki/Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Dwight D. Eisenhower">Eisenhower</a>/<a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Nixon</a> </td></tr></tbody></table><div style="overflow:auto"> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:right"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2"> </th> <th align="center" colspan="3">Dwight D. Eisenhower<br />Republican </th> <th align="center" colspan="3">Adlai Stevenson<br />Democratic </th> <th align="center" colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/T._Coleman_Andrews" title="T. Coleman Andrews">T. Coleman Andrews</a>/<a href="/wiki/Unpledged_elector" title="Unpledged elector">Unpledged Electors</a><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /> States' Rights </th> <th align="center" colspan="3">Eric Hass<br /> Socialist Labor </th> <th align="center" colspan="2">Margin </th> <th align="center" colspan="2">State Total </th></tr> <tr> <th align="center">State </th> <th style="text-align:center; font-size: 60%" data-sort-type="number">electoral<br />votes </th> <th align="center" data-sort-type="number"># </th> <th align="center" data-sort-type="number">% </th> <th style="text-align:center; font-size: 60%" data-sort-type="number">electoral<br />votes </th> <th align="center" data-sort-type="number"># </th> <th align="center" data-sort-type="number">% </th> <th style="text-align:center; font-size: 60%" data-sort-type="number">electoral<br />votes </th> <th align="center" data-sort-type="number"># </th> <th align="center" data-sort-type="number">% </th> <th style="text-align:center; font-size: 60%" data-sort-type="number">electoral<br />votes </th> <th align="center" data-sort-type="number"># </th> <th align="center" data-sort-type="number">% </th> <th style="text-align:center; font-size: 60%" data-sort-type="number">electoral<br />votes </th> <th align="center" data-sort-type="number"># </th> <th align="center" data-sort-type="number">% </th> <th style="text-align:center; font-size: 60%" data-sort-type="number"># </th> <th> </th></tr> <tr style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Alabama" title="1956 United States presidential election in Alabama">Alabama</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">11 </td> <td>195,694 </td> <td>39.39 </td> <td>- </td> <td>280,844 </td> <td>56.52 </td> <td>10 </td> <td>20,323 </td> <td>4.09 </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>-85,150 </td> <td>-17.13 </td> <td>496,871 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">AL </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Arizona" title="1956 United States presidential election in Arizona">Arizona</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">4 </td> <td>176,990 </td> <td>60.99 </td> <td>4 </td> <td>112,880 </td> <td>38.90 </td> <td>- </td> <td>303 </td> <td>0.10 </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>64,110 </td> <td>22.09 </td> <td>290,173 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">AZ </td></tr> <tr style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Arkansas" title="1956 United States presidential election in Arkansas">Arkansas</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">8 </td> <td>186,287 </td> <td>45.82 </td> <td>- </td> <td>213,277 </td> <td>52.46 </td> <td>8 </td> <td>7,008 </td> <td>1.72 </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>-26,990 </td> <td>-6.64 </td> <td>406,572 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">AR </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_California" title="1956 United States presidential election in California">California</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">32 </td> <td>3,027,668 </td> <td>55.39 </td> <td>32 </td> <td>2,420,135 </td> <td>44.27 </td> <td>- </td> <td>6,087 </td> <td>0.11 </td> <td>- </td> <td>300 </td> <td>0.01 </td> <td>- </td> <td>607,533 </td> <td>11.11 </td> <td>5,466,355 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">CA </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Colorado" title="1956 United States presidential election in Colorado">Colorado</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">6 </td> <td>394,479 </td> <td>59.49 </td> <td>6 </td> <td>263,997 </td> <td>39.81 </td> <td>- </td> <td>759 </td> <td>0.11 </td> <td>- </td> <td>3,308 </td> <td>0.50 </td> <td>- </td> <td>130,482 </td> <td>19.68 </td> <td>663,074 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">CO </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Connecticut" title="1956 United States presidential election in Connecticut">Connecticut</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">8 </td> <td>711,837 </td> <td>63.72 </td> <td>8 </td> <td>405,079 </td> <td>36.26 </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>306,758 </td> <td>27.46 </td> <td>1,117,121 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">CT </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Delaware" title="1956 United States presidential election in Delaware">Delaware</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">3 </td> <td>98,057 </td> <td>55.09 </td> <td>3 </td> <td>79,421 </td> <td>44.62 </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>110 </td> <td>0.06 </td> <td>- </td> <td>18,636 </td> <td>10.47 </td> <td>177,988 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">DE </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Florida" title="1956 United States presidential election in Florida">Florida</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">10 </td> <td>643,849 </td> <td>57.27 </td> <td>10 </td> <td>480,371 </td> <td>42.73 </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>163,478 </td> <td>14.54 </td> <td>1,124,220 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">FL </td></tr> <tr style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Georgia" title="1956 United States presidential election in Georgia">Georgia</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">12 </td> <td>216,652 </td> <td>32.65 </td> <td>- </td> <td>441,094 </td> <td>66.48 </td> <td>12 </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>-224,442 </td> <td>-33.83 </td> <td>663,480 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">GA </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Idaho" title="1956 United States presidential election in Idaho">Idaho</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">4 </td> <td>166,979 </td> <td>61.17 </td> <td>4 </td> <td>105,868 </td> <td>38.78 </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>61,111 </td> <td>22.39 </td> <td>272,989 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">ID </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Illinois" title="1956 United States presidential election in Illinois">Illinois</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">27 </td> <td>2,623,327 </td> <td>59.52 </td> <td>27 </td> <td>1,775,682 </td> <td>40.29 </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>8,342 </td> <td>0.19 </td> <td>- </td> <td>847,645 </td> <td>19.23 </td> <td>4,407,407 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">IL </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Indiana" title="1956 United States presidential election in Indiana">Indiana</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">13 </td> <td>1,182,811 </td> <td>59.90 </td> <td>13 </td> <td>783,908 </td> <td>39.70 </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>1,334 </td> <td>0.07 </td> <td>- </td> <td>398,903 </td> <td>20.20 </td> <td>1,974,607 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">IN </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Iowa" title="1956 United States presidential election in Iowa">Iowa</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">10 </td> <td>729,187 </td> <td>59.06 </td> <td>10 </td> <td>501,858 </td> <td>40.65 </td> <td>- </td> <td>3,202 </td> <td>0.26 </td> <td>- </td> <td>125 </td> <td>0.01 </td> <td>- </td> <td>227,329 </td> <td>18.41 </td> <td>1,234,564 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">IA </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Kansas" title="1956 United States presidential election in Kansas">Kansas</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">8 </td> <td>566,878 </td> <td>65.44 </td> <td>8 </td> <td>296,317 </td> <td>34.21 </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>270,561 </td> <td>31.23 </td> <td>866,243 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">KS </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Kentucky" title="1956 United States presidential election in Kentucky">Kentucky</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">10 </td> <td>572,192 </td> <td>54.30 </td> <td>10 </td> <td>476,453 </td> <td>45.21 </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>358 </td> <td>0.03 </td> <td>- </td> <td>95,739 </td> <td>9.09 </td> <td>1,053,805 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">KY </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Louisiana" title="1956 United States presidential election in Louisiana">Louisiana</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">10 </td> <td>329,047 </td> <td>53.28 </td> <td>10 </td> <td>243,977 </td> <td>39.51 </td> <td>- </td> <td>44,520 </td> <td>7.21 </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>85,070 </td> <td>13.78 </td> <td>617,544 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">LA </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Maine" title="1956 United States presidential election in Maine">Maine</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">5 </td> <td>249,238 </td> <td>70.87 </td> <td>5 </td> <td>102,468 </td> <td>29.13 </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>146,770 </td> <td>41.73 </td> <td>351,706 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">ME </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Maryland" title="1956 United States presidential election in Maryland">Maryland</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">9 </td> <td>559,738 </td> <td>60.04 </td> <td>9 </td> <td>372,613 </td> <td>39.96 </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>187,125 </td> <td>20.07 </td> <td>932,351 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">MD </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Massachusetts" title="1956 United States presidential election in Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">16 </td> <td>1,393,197 </td> <td>59.32 </td> <td>16 </td> <td>948,190 </td> <td>40.37 </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>5,573 </td> <td>0.24 </td> <td>- </td> <td>445,007 </td> <td>18.95 </td> <td>2,348,506 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">MA </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Michigan" title="1956 United States presidential election in Michigan">Michigan</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">20 </td> <td>1,713,647 </td> <td>55.63 </td> <td>20 </td> <td>1,359,898 </td> <td>44.15 </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>353,749 </td> <td>11.48 </td> <td>3,080,468 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">MI </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Minnesota" title="1956 United States presidential election in Minnesota">Minnesota</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">11 </td> <td>719,302 </td> <td>53.68 </td> <td>11 </td> <td>617,525 </td> <td>46.08 </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>2,080 </td> <td>0.16 </td> <td>- </td> <td>101,777 </td> <td>7.60 </td> <td>1,340,005 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">MN </td></tr> <tr style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Mississippi" title="1956 United States presidential election in Mississippi">Mississippi</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">8 </td> <td>60,685 </td> <td>24.46 </td> <td>- </td> <td>144,498 </td> <td>58.23 </td> <td>8 </td> <td>42,966 </td> <td>17.31 </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>-83,813 </td> <td>-33.78 </td> <td>248,149 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">MS </td></tr> <tr style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Missouri" title="1956 United States presidential election in Missouri">Missouri</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">13 </td> <td>914,289 </td> <td>49.89 </td> <td>- </td> <td>918,273 </td> <td>50.11 </td> <td>13 </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>-3,984 </td> <td>-0.22 </td> <td>1,832,562 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">MO </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Montana" title="1956 United States presidential election in Montana">Montana</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">4 </td> <td>154,933 </td> <td>57.13 </td> <td>4 </td> <td>116,238 </td> <td>42.87 </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>38,695 </td> <td>14.27 </td> <td>271,171 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">MT </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Nebraska" title="1956 United States presidential election in Nebraska">Nebraska</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">6 </td> <td>378,108 </td> <td>65.51 </td> <td>6 </td> <td>199,029 </td> <td>34.49 </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>179,079 </td> <td>31.03 </td> <td>577,137 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">NE </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Nevada" title="1956 United States presidential election in Nevada">Nevada</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">3 </td> <td>56,049 </td> <td>57.97 </td> <td>3 </td> <td>40,640 </td> <td>42.03 </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>15,409 </td> <td>15.94 </td> <td>96,689 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">NV </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_New_Hampshire" title="1956 United States presidential election in New Hampshire">New Hampshire</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">4 </td> <td>176,519 </td> <td>66.11 </td> <td>4 </td> <td>90,364 </td> <td>33.84 </td> <td>- </td> <td>111 </td> <td>0.04 </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>86,155 </td> <td>32.27 </td> <td>266,994 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">NH </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_New_Jersey" title="1956 United States presidential election in New Jersey">New Jersey</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">16 </td> <td>1,606,942 </td> <td>64.68 </td> <td>16 </td> <td>850,337 </td> <td>34.23 </td> <td>- </td> <td>5,317 </td> <td>0.21 </td> <td>- </td> <td>6,736 </td> <td>0.27 </td> <td>- </td> <td>756,605 </td> <td>30.46 </td> <td>2,484,312 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">NJ </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_New_Mexico" title="1956 United States presidential election in New Mexico">New Mexico</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">4 </td> <td>146,788 </td> <td>57.81 </td> <td>4 </td> <td>106,098 </td> <td>41.78 </td> <td>- </td> <td>364 </td> <td>0.14 </td> <td>- </td> <td>69 </td> <td>0.03 </td> <td>- </td> <td>40,690 </td> <td>16.02 </td> <td>253,926 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">NM </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_New_York" title="1956 United States presidential election in New York">New York</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">45 </td> <td>4,340,340 </td> <td>61.19 </td> <td>45 </td> <td>2,750,769 </td> <td>38.78 </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>1,589,571 </td> <td>22.41 </td> <td>7,093,336 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">NY </td></tr> <tr style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_North_Carolina" title="1956 United States presidential election in North Carolina">North Carolina</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">14 </td> <td>575,062 </td> <td>49.34 </td> <td>- </td> <td>590,530 </td> <td>50.66 </td> <td>14 </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>-15,468 </td> <td>-1.33 </td> <td>1,165,592 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">NC </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_North_Dakota" title="1956 United States presidential election in North Dakota">North Dakota</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">4 </td> <td>156,766 </td> <td>61.72 </td> <td>4 </td> <td>96,742 </td> <td>38.09 </td> <td>- </td> <td>483 </td> <td>0.19 </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>60,024 </td> <td>23.63 </td> <td>253,991 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">ND </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Ohio" title="1956 United States presidential election in Ohio">Ohio</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">25 </td> <td>2,262,610 </td> <td>61.11 </td> <td>25 </td> <td>1,439,655 </td> <td>38.89 </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>822,955 </td> <td>22.23 </td> <td>3,702,265 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">OH </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Oklahoma" title="1956 United States presidential election in Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">8 </td> <td>473,769 </td> <td>55.13 </td> <td>8 </td> <td>385,581 </td> <td>44.87 </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>88,188 </td> <td>10.26 </td> <td>859,350 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">OK </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Oregon" title="1956 United States presidential election in Oregon">Oregon</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">6 </td> <td>406,393 </td> <td>55.25 </td> <td>6 </td> <td>329,204 </td> <td>44.75 </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>77,189 </td> <td>10.49 </td> <td>735,597 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">OR </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Pennsylvania" title="1956 United States presidential election in Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">32 </td> <td>2,585,252 </td> <td>56.49 </td> <td>32 </td> <td>1,981,769 </td> <td>43.30 </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>7,447 </td> <td>0.16 </td> <td>- </td> <td>603,483 </td> <td>13.19 </td> <td>4,576,503 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">PA </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Rhode_Island" title="1956 United States presidential election in Rhode Island">Rhode Island</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">4 </td> <td>225,819 </td> <td>58.26 </td> <td>4 </td> <td>161,790 </td> <td>41.74 </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>64,029 </td> <td>16.52 </td> <td>387,611 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">RI </td></tr> <tr style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_South_Carolina" title="1956 United States presidential election in South Carolina">South Carolina</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">8 </td> <td>75,700 </td> <td>25.18 </td> <td>- </td> <td>136,372 </td> <td>45.37 </td> <td>8 </td> <td>88,511 </td> <td>29.45 </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>-47,863 </td> <td>-15.92 </td> <td>300,583 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">SC </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_South_Dakota" title="1956 United States presidential election in South Dakota">South Dakota</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">4 </td> <td>171,569 </td> <td>58.39 </td> <td>4 </td> <td>122,288 </td> <td>41.61 </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>49,281 </td> <td>16.77 </td> <td>293,857 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">SD </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Tennessee" title="1956 United States presidential election in Tennessee">Tennessee</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">11 </td> <td>462,288 </td> <td>49.21 </td> <td>11 </td> <td>456,507 </td> <td>48.60 </td> <td>- </td> <td>19,820 </td> <td>2.11 </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>5,781 </td> <td>0.62 </td> <td>939,404 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">TN </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Texas" title="1956 United States presidential election in Texas">Texas</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">24 </td> <td>1,080,619 </td> <td>55.26 </td> <td>24 </td> <td>859,958 </td> <td>43.98 </td> <td>- </td> <td>14,591 </td> <td>0.75 </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>220,661 </td> <td>11.28 </td> <td>1,955,545 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">TX </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Utah" title="1956 United States presidential election in Utah">Utah</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">4 </td> <td>215,631 </td> <td>64.56 </td> <td>4 </td> <td>118,364 </td> <td>35.44 </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>97,267 </td> <td>29.12 </td> <td>333,995 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">UT </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Vermont" title="1956 United States presidential election in Vermont">Vermont</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">3 </td> <td>110,390 </td> <td>72.16 </td> <td>3 </td> <td>42,549 </td> <td>27.81 </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>67,841 </td> <td>44.35 </td> <td>152,978 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">VT </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Virginia" title="1956 United States presidential election in Virginia">Virginia</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">12 </td> <td>386,459 </td> <td>55.37 </td> <td>12 </td> <td>267,760 </td> <td>38.36 </td> <td>- </td> <td>42,964 </td> <td>6.16 </td> <td>- </td> <td>351 </td> <td>0.05 </td> <td>- </td> <td>118,699 </td> <td>17.01 </td> <td>697,978 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">VA </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Washington_(state)" title="1956 United States presidential election in Washington (state)">Washington</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">9 </td> <td>620,430 </td> <td>53.91 </td> <td>9 </td> <td>523,002 </td> <td>45.44 </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>7,457 </td> <td>0.65 </td> <td>- </td> <td>97,428 </td> <td>8.47 </td> <td>1,150,889 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">WA </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_West_Virginia" title="1956 United States presidential election in West Virginia">West Virginia</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">8 </td> <td>449,297 </td> <td>54.08 </td> <td>8 </td> <td>381,534 </td> <td>45.92 </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>67,763 </td> <td>8.16 </td> <td>830,831 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">WV </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Wisconsin" title="1956 United States presidential election in Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">12 </td> <td>954,844 </td> <td>61.58 </td> <td>12 </td> <td>586,768 </td> <td>37.84 </td> <td>- </td> <td>6,918 </td> <td>0.45 </td> <td>- </td> <td>710 </td> <td>0.05 </td> <td>- </td> <td>368,076 </td> <td>23.74 </td> <td>1,550,558 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">WI </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Wyoming" title="1956 United States presidential election in Wyoming">Wyoming</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">3 </td> <td>74,573 </td> <td>60.08 </td> <td>3 </td> <td>49,554 </td> <td>39.92 </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>- </td> <td>25,019 </td> <td>20.16 </td> <td>124,127 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">WY </td></tr> <tr> <th>TOTALS: </th> <th>531 </th> <th>35,579,180 </th> <th>57.37 </th> <th>457 </th> <th>26,028,028 </th> <th>41.97 </th> <th>73 </th> <th>301,417 </th> <th>0.49 </th> <th>- </th> <th>44,300 </th> <th>0.07 </th> <th>- </th> <th>9,551,152 </th> <th>15.40 </th> <th>62,021,979 </th> <td style="text-align:center;">US </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="States_that_flipped_from_Republican_to_Democratic">States that flipped from Republican to Democratic</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1956_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: States that flipped from Republican to Democratic"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">Missouri</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="States_that_flipped_from_Democratic_to_Republican">States that flipped from Democratic to Republican</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1956_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: States that flipped from Democratic to Republican"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky">Kentucky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louisiana" title="Louisiana">Louisiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Virginia" title="West Virginia">West Virginia</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Close_states">Close states</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1956_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Close states"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Margin of victory less than 1% (24 electoral votes): </p> <ol><li><span style="color:blue;"><b>Missouri, 0.22% (3,984 votes)</b></span></li> <li><span style="color:red;"><b>Tennessee, 0.62%</b> <b>(5,781 votes)</b></span></li></ol> <p>Margin of victory less than 5% (14 electoral votes): </p> <ol><li><span style="color:blue;"><b>North Carolina, 1.33%</b> <b>(15,468 votes)</b></span></li></ol> <p>Margin of victory over 5%, but under 10% (46 electoral votes) </p> <ol><li><span style="color:blue;"><b>Arkansas, 6.64% (26,990 votes)</b></span></li> <li><span style="color:red;"><b>Minnesota, 7.60% (101,777 votes)</b></span></li> <li><span style="color:red;"><b>West Virginia, 8.16% (67,763 votes)</b></span></li> <li><span style="color:red;"><b>Washington, 8.47% (97,428 votes)</b></span></li> <li><span style="color:red;"><b>Kentucky, 9.09%</b> <b>(95,739 votes)</b></span></li></ol> <p>Tipping point state: </p> <ol><li><span style="color:red;"><b>Florida, 14.54%</b> <b>(163,478 votes)</b></span></li></ol> <p><sup>(a)</sup> <i>Alabama <a href="/wiki/Faithless_elector" title="Faithless elector">faithless elector</a> <a href="/wiki/W._F._Turner" title="W. F. Turner">W. F. Turner</a>, who was pledged to <a href="/wiki/Adlai_Stevenson_II" title="Adlai Stevenson II">Adlai Stevenson</a> and <a href="/wiki/Estes_Kefauver" title="Estes Kefauver">Estes Kefauver</a>, instead cast his votes for <a href="/wiki/Walter_Burgwyn_Jones" title="Walter Burgwyn Jones">Walter Burgwyn Jones</a>, who was a circuit court judge in Turner's home town, and <a href="/wiki/Herman_Talmadge" title="Herman Talmadge">Herman Talmadge</a>, governor of the neighboring state of <a href="/wiki/Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="Georgia (U.S. state)">Georgia</a>.</i> Because of the admission of Alaska and Hawaii as states in 1959, the 1956 presidential election was the last in which there were 531 electoral votes. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Statistics">Statistics</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1956_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Statistics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Counties with Highest Percent of Vote (Republican) </p> <ol><li><b><span style="color:red;"><a href="/wiki/Gillespie_County,_Texas" title="Gillespie County, Texas">Gillespie County, Texas</a> 92.61%</span></b></li> <li><b><span style="color:red;"><a href="/wiki/Kenedy_County,_Texas" title="Kenedy County, Texas">Kenedy County, Texas</a> 92.59%</span></b></li> <li><b><span style="color:red;"><a href="/wiki/Kane_County,_Utah" title="Kane County, Utah">Kane County, Utah</a> 90.20%</span></b></li> <li><b><span style="color:red;"><a href="/wiki/Jackson_County,_Kentucky" title="Jackson County, Kentucky">Jackson County, Kentucky</a> 88.35%</span></b></li> <li><b><span style="color:red;"><a href="/wiki/Johnson_County,_Tennessee" title="Johnson County, Tennessee">Johnson County, Tennessee</a> 87.44%</span></b></li></ol> <p>Counties with Highest Percent of Vote (Democratic) </p> <ol><li><b><span style="color:blue;"><a href="/wiki/Baker_County,_Georgia" title="Baker County, Georgia">Baker County, Georgia</a> 96.07%</span></b></li> <li><b><span style="color:blue;"><a href="/wiki/Greene_County,_North_Carolina" title="Greene County, North Carolina">Greene County, North Carolina</a> 93.67%</span></b></li> <li><b><span style="color:blue;"><a href="/wiki/Berrien_County,_Georgia" title="Berrien County, Georgia">Berrien County, Georgia</a> 93.56%</span></b></li> <li><b><span style="color:blue;"><a href="/wiki/Atkinson_County,_Georgia" title="Atkinson County, Georgia">Atkinson County, Georgia</a> 93.37%</span></b></li> <li><b><span style="color:blue;"><a href="/wiki/Madison_County,_Georgia" title="Madison County, Georgia">Madison County, Georgia</a> 93.24%</span></b></li></ol> <p>Counties with Highest Percent of Vote (Other) </p> <ol><li><b><span style="color:green;"><a href="/wiki/Williamsburg_County,_South_Carolina" title="Williamsburg County, South Carolina">Williamsburg County, South Carolina</a> 73.00%</span></b></li> <li><b><span style="color:green;"><a href="/wiki/Clarendon_County,_South_Carolina" title="Clarendon County, South Carolina">Clarendon County, South Carolina</a> 66.88%</span></b></li> <li><b><span style="color:green;"><a href="/wiki/Sumter_County,_South_Carolina" title="Sumter County, South Carolina">Sumter County, South Carolina</a> 62.00%</span></b></li> <li><b><span style="color:green;"><a href="/wiki/Bamberg_County,_South_Carolina" title="Bamberg County, South Carolina">Bamberg County, South Carolina</a> 59.66%</span></b></li> <li><b><span style="color:green;"><a href="/wiki/Calhoun_County,_South_Carolina" title="Calhoun County, South Carolina">Calhoun County, South Carolina</a> 58.73%</span></b></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1956_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_gubernatorial_elections" title="1956 United States gubernatorial elections">1956 United States gubernatorial elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="1956 United States House of Representatives elections">1956 United States House of Representatives elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_Senate_elections" title="1956 United States Senate elections">1956 United States Senate elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_(1945%E2%80%931964)" title="History of the United States (1945–1964)">History of the United States (1945–1964)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_inauguration_of_Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Second inauguration of Dwight D. Eisenhower">Second inauguration of Dwight D. Eisenhower</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1956_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Although he grew up in <a href="/wiki/Kansas" title="Kansas">Kansas</a> before his military career, at the time of the 1952 election Eisenhower was president of <a href="/wiki/Columbia_University" title="Columbia University">Columbia University</a> and was, officially, a resident of New York. During his first term as president, he moved his private residence to <a href="/wiki/Gettysburg,_Pennsylvania" title="Gettysburg, Pennsylvania">Gettysburg, Pennsylvania</a>, and officially changed his residency to Pennsylvania.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">In state-by-state tallies, Stevenson earned 74 pledged electors, but he lost one vote in Alabama to <a href="/wiki/W._F._Turner" title="W. F. Turner">W. F. Turner</a>, who voted for Jones & Talmadge, despite Stevenson carrying the state.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Was allied with a slate of unpledged electors in Louisiana, Mississippi and South Carolina</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Citations">Citations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1956_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Citations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.electproject.org/national-1789-present">"National General Election VEP Turnout Rates, 1789-Present"</a>. <i>United States Election Project</i>. <a href="/wiki/CQ_Press" title="CQ Press">CQ Press</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=United+States+Election+Project&rft.atitle=National+General+Election+VEP+Turnout+Rates%2C+1789-Present&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.electproject.org%2Fnational-1789-present&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1956+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.uselectionatlas.org/INFORMATION/INFORMATION/presidents.php">"The Presidents"</a>. David Leip<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 27,</span> 2017</span>. <q>Eisenhower's home state for the 1956 Election was Pennsylvania</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Presidents&rft.pub=David+Leip&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.uselectionatlas.org%2FINFORMATION%2FINFORMATION%2Fpresidents.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1956+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEisenhower1956" class="citation interview cs1"><a href="/wiki/Dwight_Eisenhower" class="mw-redirect" title="Dwight Eisenhower">Eisenhower, Dwight D.</a> (1956). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.c-span.org/video/?15187-1/eisenhower-election">"C-SPAN"</a> (Video). <a href="/wiki/Universal_International" class="mw-redirect" title="Universal International">Universal International</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220517195007/https://www.c-span.org/video/?15187-1/eisenhower-election">Archived</a> from the original on May 17, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=C-SPAN&rft.pub=Universal+International&rft.date=1956&rft.aulast=Eisenhower&rft.aufirst=Dwight+D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.c-span.org%2Fvideo%2F%3F15187-1%2Feisenhower-election&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1956+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAngus_Campbell1960" class="citation book cs1">Angus Campbell; et al. (1960). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=JeYUrs_GOcMC&pg=PA56"><i>The American Voter</i></a>. p. 56. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780226092546" title="Special:BookSources/9780226092546"><bdi>9780226092546</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+American+Voter&rft.pages=56&rft.date=1960&rft.isbn=9780226092546&rft.au=Angus+Campbell&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DJeYUrs_GOcMC%26pg%3DPA56&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1956+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_R._Alford&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert R. Alford (page does not exist)">Robert R. Alford</a>, "The role of social class in American voting behavior", Eisenhower became the first Republican since <a href="/wiki/William_McKinley" title="William McKinley">William McKinley</a> to win two straight presidential elections,<i>Western Political Quarterly</i> 16.1 (1963): 180–194.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ambrose, Steven E., <i>Nixon, Vol. 1: The education of a politician 1913-1962</i> (1987) p. 385</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.c-span.org/video/?3990-1/joe-smith-incident">"Joe Smith Incident | C-SPAN.org"</a>. <i>www.c-span.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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(May 22, 1956). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/140077404/?terms=%22Stevenson%22%20%22Kefauver%22%20%22debate%22&match=1">"Kefauver, Stevenson Agree in Attack On Administration in TV Debate"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/St._Louis_Post-Dispatch" title="St. Louis Post-Dispatch">St. Louis Post-Dispatch</a></i>. p. 2<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 16,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=St.+Louis+Post-Dispatch&rft.atitle=Kefauver%2C+Stevenson+Agree+in+Attack+On+Administration+in+TV+Debate&rft.pages=2&rft.date=1956-05-22&rft.aulast=Childs&rft.aufirst=Marquis+W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F140077404%2F%3Fterms%3D%2522Stevenson%2522%2520%2522Kefauver%2522%2520%2522debate%2522%26match%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1956+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKalb2010" class="citation book cs1">Kalb, Deborah, ed. (2010). <i>Guide to U.S. Elections</i>. Washington, DC: <a href="/wiki/CQ_Press" title="CQ Press">CQ Press</a>. p. 403. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-60426-536-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-60426-536-1"><bdi>978-1-60426-536-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Guide+to+U.S.+Elections&rft.place=Washington%2C+DC&rft.pages=403&rft.pub=CQ+Press&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-1-60426-536-1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1956+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Emmet_John_Hughes" title="Emmet John Hughes">Emmet John Hughes</a>, "52,000,000 TV Sets-How Many Votes?" <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>, September 25, 1960, SM23</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBorhi1999" class="citation journal cs1">Borhi, László (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/abs/10.1162/152039799316976814?cookieSet=1&journalCode=jcws">"Containment, Rollback, Liberation or Inaction? The United States and Hungary in the 1950s"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Journal of Cold War Studies</i>. <b>1</b> (3): 67–108. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1162%2F152039799316976814">10.1162/152039799316976814</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:57560214">57560214</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 29,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Cold+War+Studies&rft.atitle=Containment%2C+Rollback%2C+Liberation+or+Inaction%3F+The+United+States+and+Hungary+in+the+1950s&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=67-108&rft.date=1999&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1162%2F152039799316976814&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A57560214%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Borhi&rft.aufirst=L%C3%A1szl%C3%B3&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mitpressjournals.org%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1162%2F152039799316976814%3FcookieSet%3D1%26journalCode%3Djcws&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1956+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span> As Vice President <a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Richard Nixon</a> later explained: "We couldn't on one hand, complain about the Soviets intervening in Hungary and, on the other hand, approve of the British and the French picking that particular time to intervene against [Gamel Abdel] Nasser".</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081214121343/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,824571,00.html">"How Britain France and Israel Got Together"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time</a></i>. November 12, 1956. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,824571,00.html">the original</a> on December 14, 2008. <q>State Department officials are sure that the British and French callously deceived or misled them from this date onward. On October 23 Pineau dashed over to London, reportedly to tell Eden that Israel was all ready to launch preventive war on Nasser. Ben-Gurion's moment was well chosen because, it was reasoned, 1) the U.S. would not dare move decisively against Israel on the verge of a presidential election, and 2) the Hungarian rebellion, then at its height, would keep Russia's hands tied.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time&rft.atitle=How+Britain+France+and+Israel+Got+Together&rft.date=1956-11-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.time.com%2Ftime%2Fmagazine%2Farticle%2F0%2C9171%2C824571%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1956+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMickey2015" class="citation book cs1">Mickey, Robert (February 19, 2015). <i>Paths Out of Dixie: The Democratization of Authoritarian Enclaves in America's Deep South, 1944-1972</i>. <a href="/wiki/Princeton_University_Press" title="Princeton University Press">Princeton University Press</a>. p. 187. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780691149639" title="Special:BookSources/9780691149639"><bdi>9780691149639</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Paths+Out+of+Dixie%3A+The+Democratization+of+Authoritarian+Enclaves+in+America%27s+Deep+South%2C+1944-1972&rft.pages=187&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=2015-02-19&rft.isbn=9780691149639&rft.aulast=Mickey&rft.aufirst=Robert&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1956+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchickler2016" class="citation book cs1">Schickler, Eric (April 26, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=AK3PCgAAQBAJ"><i>Racial Realignment: The Transformation of American Liberalism, 1932-1965</i></a>. Princeton University Press. p. 245. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781400880973" title="Special:BookSources/9781400880973"><bdi>9781400880973</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Racial+Realignment%3A+The+Transformation+of+American+Liberalism%2C+1932-1965&rft.pages=245&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=2016-04-26&rft.isbn=9781400880973&rft.aulast=Schickler&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DAK3PCgAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1956+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMurphy1974" class="citation book cs1">Murphy, Paul (1974). <i>Political Parties In American History, Volume 3, 1890-present</i>. <a href="/wiki/G._P._Putnam%27s_Sons" title="G. P. Putnam's Sons">G. P. Putnam's Sons</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Political+Parties+In+American+History%2C+Volume+3%2C+1890-present&rft.pub=G.+P.+Putnam%27s+Sons&rft.date=1974&rft.aulast=Murphy&rft.aufirst=Paul&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1956+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS/data.php?year=1956&datatype=national&def=1&f=0&off=0&elect=0">"1956 Presidential General Election Data - National"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 18,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=1956+Presidential+General+Election+Data+-+National&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fuselectionatlas.org%2FRESULTS%2Fdata.php%3Fyear%3D1956%26datatype%3Dnational%26def%3D1%26f%3D0%26off%3D0%26elect%3D0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1956+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS/data.php?year=1956&datatype=national&def=1&f=0&off=0&elect=0">"1956 Presidential General Election Data - National"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 18,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=1956+Presidential+General+Election+Data+-+National&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fuselectionatlas.org%2FRESULTS%2Fdata.php%3Fyear%3D1956%26datatype%3Dnational%26def%3D1%26f%3D0%26off%3D0%26elect%3D0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1956+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1956_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLeip" class="citation web cs1">Leip, Dave. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080918130449/http://www.uselectionatlas.org/USPRESIDENT/home.php?year=1956&f=0">"1956 Presidential Election - Home States"</a>. <i>Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.uselectionatlas.org/USPRESIDENT/home.php?year=1956&f=0">the original</a> on September 18, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 24,</span> 2005</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Dave+Leip%27s+Atlas+of+U.S.+Presidential+Elections&rft.atitle=1956+Presidential+Election+-+Home+States&rft.aulast=Leip&rft.aufirst=Dave&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.uselectionatlas.org%2FUSPRESIDENT%2Fhome.php%3Fyear%3D1956%26f%3D0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1956+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.archives.gov/federal-register/electoral-college/votes/1953_1957.html#1956">"Electoral Votes for President and Vice President 1953–1965"</a>. <i>U.S. Electoral College</i>. National Archives<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 18,</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=U.S.+Electoral+College&rft.atitle=Electoral+Votes+for+President+and+Vice+President+1953%E2%80%931965&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.archives.gov%2Ffederal-register%2Felectoral-college%2Fvotes%2F1953_1957.html%231956&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1956+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.livingroomcandidate.org/commercials/1956">Campaign commercials from the 1956 election</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=107_senate_manual&docid=sd001_107-41"><i>Senate Manual, 107th Congress</i></a>. United States Government Printing Office. 2001. p. 1131<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 18,</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Senate+Manual%2C+107th+Congress&rft.pages=1131&rft.pub=United+States+Government+Printing+Office&rft.date=2001&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffrwebgate.access.gpo.gov%2Fcgi-bin%2Fgetdoc.cgi%3Fdbname%3D107_senate_manual%26docid%3Dsd001_107-41&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1956+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-year-range-abbreviated"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mdarchives.state.md.us/megafile/msa/speccol/sc2900/sc2908/000001/000167/html/am167--325.html">"General Election Returns: November 6, 1956"</a>. <i>Maryland Manual</i>. <b>167</b>: 325. 1957–58.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Maryland+Manual&rft.atitle=General+Election+Returns%3A+November+6%2C+1956&rft.volume=167&rft.pages=325&rft.date=1957%2F1958&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mdarchives.state.md.us%2Fmegafile%2Fmsa%2Fspeccol%2Fsc2900%2Fsc2908%2F000001%2F000167%2Fhtml%2Fam167--325.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1956+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalog.loc.gov/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?v3=1&ti=1,1&SC=CallNumber&SA=JK2353%201956&SID=1">"Republican Party National Convention. (26th : 1956 : San Francisco)"</a>. <i>Library of Congress Online Catalog</i>. Library of Congress<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 28,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Library+of+Congress+Online+Catalog&rft.atitle=Republican+Party+National+Convention.+%2826th+%3A+1956+%3A+San+Francisco%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcatalog.loc.gov%2Fcgi-bin%2FPwebrecon.cgi%3Fv3%3D1%26ti%3D1%2C1%26SC%3DCallNumber%26SA%3DJK2353%25201956%26SID%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1956+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1956_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Philip_Converse" title="Philip Converse">Converse, Philip E.</a>, <a href="/wiki/Warren_Miller_(political_scientist)" title="Warren Miller (political scientist)">Warren E. Miller</a>, <a href="/wiki/Donald_E._Stokes" title="Donald E. Stokes">Donald E. Stokes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Angus_Campbell_(psychologist)" title="Angus Campbell (psychologist)">Angus Campbell</a>. <i>The American Voter</i> (1964) the classic political science study of voters in 1952 and 1956</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDivine1974" class="citation book cs1">Divine, Robert A. (1974). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/foreignpolicyus00robe"><i>Foreign Policy and U.S. Presidential Elections, 1952–1960</i></a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-531-06496-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-531-06496-4"><bdi>0-531-06496-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Foreign+Policy+and+U.S.+Presidential+Elections%2C+1952%E2%80%931960&rft.date=1974&rft.isbn=0-531-06496-4&rft.aulast=Divine&rft.aufirst=Robert+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fforeignpolicyus00robe&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1956+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span>, pp 87–182.</li> <li>Johnstone, Andrew, and Andrew Priest, eds. <i>US Presidential Elections and Foreign Policy: Candidates, Campaigns, and Global Politics from FDR to Bill Clinton</i> (2017) pp 105–127. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://muse.jhu.edu/book/50578/">online</a></li> <li>Martin, John Bartlow. <i>Adlai Stevenson and the World: The Life of Adlai E. Stevenson</i> (1977) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/adlaistevensonwo00john">online</a></li> <li>Moon, Henry Lee. "The Negro Vote in the Presidential Election of 1956." <i>Journal of Negro Education</i> (1957): 219–230. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/2293404">online</a></li> <li>Nichols, David A. <i>Eisenhower 1956: The President's Year of Crisis--Suez and the Brink of War</i> (2012).</li> <li>Scheele, Henry Z. "The 1956 Nomination of Dwight D. Eisenhower: Maintaining the Hero Image." <i>Presidential Studies Quarterly</i> (1987): 459–471. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/27550439">online</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Primary_sources">Primary sources</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1956_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Primary sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGallup,_George_H.1972" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/George_Gallup" title="George Gallup">Gallup, George H.</a>, ed. (1972). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/galluppollpublic0000gall"><i>The Gallup Poll: Public Opinion, 1935–1971</i></a></span>. 3 vols. Random House. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780394472706" title="Special:BookSources/9780394472706"><bdi>9780394472706</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Gallup+Poll%3A+Public+Opinion%2C+1935%E2%80%931971&rft.pub=Random+House&rft.date=1972&rft.isbn=9780394472706&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fgalluppollpublic0000gall&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1956+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Chester, Edward W <i>A guide to political platforms</i> (1977) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/guidetopolitical0000ches">online</a></li> <li>Porter, Kirk H. and Donald Bruce Johnson, eds. <i>National party platforms, 1840-1964</i> (1965) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/nationalpartypla00port">online 1840-1956</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1956_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120109123830/http://electionwall.org/1956.php">The Election Wall's 1956 Election Video Page</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://geoelections.free.fr/USA/elec_comtes/1956.htm">1956 popular vote by counties</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080604224809/http://livingroomcandidate.movingimage.us/">The Living Room Candidate: Presidential Campaign Commercials: 1952 – 2004</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eisenhower.archives.gov/All_About_Ike/Presidential/1956Campaign/1956_Campaign.html">Eisenhower's 1956 presidential campaign, Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Library</a></li> <li>A film clip <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/1956-08-23_Its_Ike_and_Nixon">It's Ike and Nixon! 1956/08/23 (1956)"</a> is available for viewing at the <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a></li> <li>A film clip <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/1956-11-08_Landslide_for_Eisenhower">Landslide for Eisenhower, 1956/11/08 (1956)"</a> is available for viewing at the <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a></li> <li>A film clip <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/1956-11-05_Eisenhower_Re-Elected">Eisenhower Re-Elected, 1956/11/05 (1956)"</a> is available for viewing at the <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.countingthevotes.com/1956/">Election of 1956 in Counting the Votes</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190609131934/http://www.countingthevotes.com/1956/">Archived</a> June 9, 2019, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y_Ywq6sASGM">See You at the Polls</a> - A "Get Out the Vote" TV special for the 1956 presidential election. Produced by the Heritage Foundation and the Ad Council.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · 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4em"><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election" title="United States presidential election">United States presidential elections</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Elections by year</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1788%E2%80%9389_United_States_presidential_election" title="1788–89 United States presidential election">1788</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1792_United_States_presidential_election" title="1792 United States presidential election">1792</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1796_United_States_presidential_election" title="1796 United States presidential election">1796</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1800_United_States_presidential_election" title="1800 United States presidential election">1800</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1804_United_States_presidential_election" title="1804 United States presidential election">1804</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1808_United_States_presidential_election" title="1808 United States presidential election">1808</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1812_United_States_presidential_election" title="1812 United States presidential election">1812</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1816_United_States_presidential_election" title="1816 United States presidential election">1816</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1820_United_States_presidential_election" title="1820 United States presidential election">1820</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1824_United_States_presidential_election" title="1824 United States presidential election">1824</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1828_United_States_presidential_election" title="1828 United States presidential election">1828</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1832_United_States_presidential_election" title="1832 United States presidential election">1832</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1836_United_States_presidential_election" title="1836 United States presidential election">1836</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1840_United_States_presidential_election" title="1840 United States presidential election">1840</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1844_United_States_presidential_election" title="1844 United States presidential election">1844</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1848_United_States_presidential_election" title="1848 United States presidential election">1848</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1852_United_States_presidential_election" title="1852 United States presidential election">1852</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1856_United_States_presidential_election" title="1856 United States presidential election">1856</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1860_United_States_presidential_election" title="1860 United States presidential election">1860</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1864_United_States_presidential_election" title="1864 United States presidential election">1864</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1868_United_States_presidential_election" title="1868 United States presidential election">1868</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1872_United_States_presidential_election" title="1872 United States presidential election">1872</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1876_United_States_presidential_election" title="1876 United States presidential election">1876</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1880_United_States_presidential_election" title="1880 United States presidential election">1880</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1884_United_States_presidential_election" title="1884 United States presidential election">1884</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election" title="1888 United States presidential election">1888</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1892_United_States_presidential_election" title="1892 United States presidential election">1892</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1896_United_States_presidential_election" title="1896 United States presidential election">1896</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1900_United_States_presidential_election" title="1900 United States presidential election">1900</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1904_United_States_presidential_election" title="1904 United States presidential election">1904</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1908_United_States_presidential_election" title="1908 United States presidential election">1908</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1912_United_States_presidential_election" title="1912 United States presidential election">1912</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1916_United_States_presidential_election" title="1916 United States presidential election">1916</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1920_United_States_presidential_election" title="1920 United States presidential election">1920</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1924_United_States_presidential_election" title="1924 United States presidential election">1924</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1928_United_States_presidential_election" title="1928 United States presidential election">1928</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1932_United_States_presidential_election" title="1932 United States presidential election">1932</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1936_United_States_presidential_election" title="1936 United States presidential election">1936</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election" title="1940 United States presidential election">1940</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1944_United_States_presidential_election" title="1944 United States presidential election">1944</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1948_United_States_presidential_election" title="1948 United States presidential election">1948</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1952_United_States_presidential_election" title="1952 United States presidential election">1952</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">1956</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1960_United_States_presidential_election" title="1960 United States presidential election">1960</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1964_United_States_presidential_election" title="1964 United States presidential election">1964</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1968_United_States_presidential_election" title="1968 United States presidential election">1968</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1972_United_States_presidential_election" title="1972 United States presidential election">1972</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1976_United_States_presidential_election" title="1976 United States presidential election">1976</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election" title="1980 United States presidential election">1980</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984_United_States_presidential_election" title="1984 United States presidential election">1984</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1988_United_States_presidential_election" title="1988 United States presidential election">1988</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_United_States_presidential_election" title="1992 United States presidential election">1992</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_United_States_presidential_election" title="1996 United States presidential election">1996</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2000_United_States_presidential_election" title="2000 United States presidential election">2000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_United_States_presidential_election" title="2004 United States presidential election">2004</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_United_States_presidential_election" title="2008 United States presidential election">2008</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_United_States_presidential_election" title="2012 United States presidential election">2012</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_United_States_presidential_election" title="2016 United States presidential election">2016</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_presidential_election" title="2020 United States presidential election">2020</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election" title="2024 United States presidential election">2024</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2028_United_States_presidential_election" title="2028 United States presidential election"><i>2028</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_states_by_participation_in_United_States_presidential_elections" title="List of states by participation in United States presidential elections">Elections by state</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Alabama" title="United States presidential elections in Alabama">Alabama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Alaska" title="United States presidential elections in Alaska">Alaska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Arizona" title="United States presidential elections in Arizona">Arizona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Arkansas" title="United States presidential elections in Arkansas">Arkansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_California" title="United States presidential elections in California">California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Colorado" title="United States presidential elections in Colorado">Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Connecticut" title="United States presidential elections in Connecticut">Connecticut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Delaware" title="United States presidential elections in Delaware">Delaware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_the_District_of_Columbia" title="United States presidential elections in the District of Columbia">District of Columbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Florida" title="United States presidential elections in Florida">Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Georgia" title="United States presidential elections in Georgia">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Hawaii" title="United States presidential elections in Hawaii">Hawaii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Idaho" title="United States presidential elections in Idaho">Idaho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Illinois" title="United States presidential elections in Illinois">Illinois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Indiana" title="United States presidential elections in Indiana">Indiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Iowa" title="United States presidential elections in Iowa">Iowa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Kansas" title="United States presidential elections in Kansas">Kansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Kentucky" title="United States presidential elections in Kentucky">Kentucky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Louisiana" title="United States presidential elections in Louisiana">Louisiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Maine" title="United States presidential elections in Maine">Maine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Maryland" title="United States presidential elections in Maryland">Maryland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Massachusetts" title="United States presidential elections in Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Michigan" title="United States presidential elections in Michigan">Michigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Minnesota" title="United States presidential elections in Minnesota">Minnesota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Mississippi" title="United States presidential elections in Mississippi">Mississippi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Missouri" title="United States presidential elections in Missouri">Missouri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Montana" title="United States presidential elections in Montana">Montana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Nebraska" title="United States presidential elections in Nebraska">Nebraska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Nevada" title="United States presidential elections in Nevada">Nevada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_New_Hampshire" title="United States presidential elections in New Hampshire">New Hampshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_New_Jersey" title="United States presidential elections in New Jersey">New Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_New_Mexico" title="United States presidential elections in New Mexico">New Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_New_York" title="United States presidential elections in New York">New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_North_Carolina" title="United States presidential elections in North Carolina">North Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_North_Dakota" title="United States presidential elections in North Dakota">North Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Ohio" title="United States presidential elections in Ohio">Ohio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Oklahoma" title="United States presidential elections in Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Oregon" title="United States presidential elections in Oregon">Oregon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Pennsylvania" title="United States presidential elections in Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Rhode_Island" title="United States presidential elections in Rhode Island">Rhode Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_South_Carolina" title="United States presidential elections in South Carolina">South Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_South_Dakota" title="United States presidential elections in South Dakota">South Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Tennessee" title="United States presidential elections in Tennessee">Tennessee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Texas" title="United States presidential elections in Texas">Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Utah" title="United States presidential elections in Utah">Utah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Vermont" title="United States presidential elections in Vermont">Vermont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Virginia" title="United States presidential elections in Virginia">Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Washington_(state)" title="United States presidential elections in Washington (state)">Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_West_Virginia" title="United States presidential elections in West Virginia">West Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Wisconsin" title="United States presidential elections in Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Wyoming" title="United States presidential elections in Wyoming">Wyoming</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_primary" title="United States presidential primary">Primaries and caucuses</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iowa_caucuses" title="Iowa caucuses">Iowa caucuses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Hampshire_presidential_primary" title="New Hampshire presidential primary">New Hampshire presidential primary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nevada_presidential_caucuses" title="Nevada presidential caucuses">Nevada presidential caucuses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Carolina_presidential_primary" title="South Carolina presidential primary">South Carolina presidential primary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Super_Tuesday" title="Super Tuesday">Super Tuesday</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_nominating_convention" title="United States presidential nominating convention">Nominating conventions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidential_nominating_conventions_in_the_United_States" title="List of presidential nominating conventions in the United States">List of nominating conventions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brokered_convention" title="Brokered convention">Brokered convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convention_bounce" title="Convention bounce">Convention bounce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superdelegate" title="Superdelegate">Superdelegate</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Electoral_College" title="United States Electoral College">Electoral College</a><br />and popular vote</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Results <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election_summary" class="mw-redirect" title="United States presidential election summary">summary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_presidential_elections_in_which_the_winner_lost_the_popular_vote" title="List of United States presidential elections in which the winner lost the popular vote">elections in which the winner lost the popular vote</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_presidential_elections_by_Electoral_College_margin" title="List of United States presidential elections by Electoral College margin">Electoral College margins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_presidential_election_results_by_state" title="List of United States presidential election results by state">Electoral College results by state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_vote_changes_between_United_States_presidential_elections" title="Electoral vote changes between United States presidential elections">electoral vote changes between elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_who_received_an_electoral_vote_in_the_United_States_Electoral_College" title="List of people who received an electoral vote in the United States Electoral College">electoral vote recipients</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_presidential_candidates_by_number_of_votes_received" title="List of United States presidential candidates by number of votes received">popular votes received</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_presidential_elections_by_popular_vote_margin" title="List of United States presidential elections by popular vote margin">popular-vote margins</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_Count_Act" title="Electoral Count Act">Electoral Count Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Certificate_of_ascertainment" title="Certificate of ascertainment">Certificate of ascertainment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Certificate_of_vote" class="mw-redirect" title="Certificate of vote">Certificate of vote</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contingent_election" title="Contingent election">Contingent election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faithless_elector" title="Faithless elector">Faithless elector</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unpledged_elector" title="Unpledged elector">Unpledged elector</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voter_turnout_in_United_States_presidential_elections" title="Voter turnout in United States presidential elections">Voter turnout</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._presidential_campaign_slogans" class="mw-redirect" title="List of U.S. presidential campaign slogans">Campaign slogans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polling_for_United_States_presidential_elections" title="Polling for United States presidential elections">Historical election polling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Election_Day_(United_States)" title="Election Day (United States)">Election Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_major_party_presidential_tickets" title="List of United States major party presidential tickets">Major party tickets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_unsuccessful_major_party_candidates_for_President_of_the_United_States" title="List of unsuccessful major party candidates for President of the United States">Major party losers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_debates" title="United States presidential debates">Presidential debates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_surprise" title="October surprise">October surprise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_states_and_blue_states" title="Red states and blue states">Red states and blue states</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swing_state" title="Swing state">Swing state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tipping-point_state" title="Tipping-point state">Tipping-point state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Election_recount" title="Election recount">Election recount</a> (<a href="/wiki/2000_United_States_presidential_election_recount_in_Florida" title="2000 United States presidential election recount in Florida">2000</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_straw_polls_in_Guam" title="United States presidential straw polls in Guam">Guam straw poll</a></li> <li>Vice presidential confirmations: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1973_United_States_vice_presidential_confirmation" title="1973 United States vice presidential confirmation">1973</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1974_United_States_vice_presidential_confirmation" title="1974 United States vice presidential confirmation">1974</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="Template:United States House of Representatives elections">House elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:United_States_Senate_elections" title="Template:United States Senate elections">Senate elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:United_States_gubernatorial_elections" title="Template:United States gubernatorial elections">Gubernatorial elections</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="(←_1952)_1956_United_States_presidential_election_(→_1960)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:1956_United_States_presidential_election" title="Template:1956 United States presidential election"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:1956_United_States_presidential_election" title="Template talk:1956 United States presidential election"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:1956_United_States_presidential_election" title="Special:EditPage/Template:1956 United States presidential election"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="(←_1952)_1956_United_States_presidential_election_(→_1960)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">(<a href="/wiki/1952_United_States_presidential_election" title="1952 United States presidential election">← 1952</a>) <a class="mw-selflink selflink">1956 United States presidential election</a> (<a href="/wiki/1960_United_States_presidential_election" title="1960 United States presidential election">→ 1960</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:right;;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #E81B23;"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1956_Republican_National_Convention" title="1956 Republican National Convention">Convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1956 Republican Party presidential primaries">Primaries</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Candidates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Incumbent nominee: <a href="/wiki/Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Dwight D. Eisenhower">Dwight D. Eisenhower</a></b></li> <li><b>Incumbent VP nominee: <a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Richard Nixon</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:right;;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #3333FF;"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1956_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1956 Democratic National Convention">Convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1956 Democratic Party presidential primaries">Primaries</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Candidates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Nominee: <a href="/wiki/Adlai_Stevenson_II" title="Adlai Stevenson II">Adlai Stevenson II</a></b></li> <li><b>VP nominee: <a href="/wiki/Estes_Kefauver" title="Estes Kefauver">Estes Kefauver</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><b>Other candidates:</b> <a href="/wiki/John_S._Battle" title="John S. Battle">John S. Battle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Happy_Chandler" title="Happy Chandler">Happy Chandler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_C._Davis" title="James C. Davis">James C. Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W._Averell_Harriman" title="W. Averell Harriman">W. Averell Harriman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson" title="Lyndon B. Johnson">Lyndon B. Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Lausche" title="Frank Lausche">Frank Lausche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Bell_Timmerman_Jr." title="George Bell Timmerman Jr.">George Bell Timmerman Jr.</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Third-party_and_independent_candidates" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Third_party_(U.S._politics)" title="Third party (U.S. politics)">Third-party</a> and <a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" title="Independent politician">independent</a> candidates</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #F8F9FA;"><a href="/wiki/American_Vegetarian_Party" title="American Vegetarian Party">American Vegetarian Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Nominee: <a href="/wiki/Herbert_M._Shelton" title="Herbert M. Shelton">Herbert M. Shelton</a></b></li> <li><b>VP nominee: <a href="/wiki/Symon_Gould" title="Symon Gould">Symon Gould</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #FF00FF;"><a href="/wiki/Prohibition_Party" title="Prohibition Party">Prohibition Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Nominee: <a href="/wiki/Enoch_A._Holtwick" title="Enoch A. Holtwick">Enoch A. Holtwick </a></b></li> <li><b>VP nominee: <a href="/wiki/Herbert_C._Holdridge" title="Herbert C. Holdridge">Herbert C. Holdridge</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #DD051D;"><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Labor_Party_of_America" title="Socialist Labor Party of America">Socialist Labor Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Nominee: <a href="/wiki/Eric_Hass" title="Eric Hass">Eric Hass</a></b></li> <li><b>VP nominee: <a href="/wiki/Georgia_Cozzini" title="Georgia Cozzini">Georgia Cozzini</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #CD3700;"><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_of_America" title="Socialist Party of America">Socialist Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Nominee: <a href="/wiki/Darlington_Hoopes" title="Darlington Hoopes">Darlington Hoopes</a></b></li> <li><b>VP nominee: <a href="/wiki/Samuel_H._Friedman" title="Samuel H. Friedman">Samuel H. Friedman</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #AA0000;"><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Workers_Party_(United_States)" title="Socialist Workers Party (United States)">Socialist Workers Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Nominee: <a href="/wiki/Farrell_Dobbs" title="Farrell Dobbs">Farrell Dobbs</a></b></li> <li><b>VP nominee: <a href="/wiki/Myra_Tanner_Weiss" title="Myra Tanner Weiss">Myra Tanner Weiss</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #DDDDBB;"><a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" title="Independent politician">Independents</a> and other candidates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/T._Coleman_Andrews" title="T. Coleman Andrews">T. Coleman Andrews</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Gerald_L._K._Smith" title="Gerald L. K. Smith">Gerald L. K. Smith</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><b>Other 1956 elections</b>: <a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="1956 United States House of Representatives elections">House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_Senate_elections" title="1956 United States Senate elections">Senate</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="(1955_←)_1956_United_States_elections_(→_1957)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:1956_United_States_elections" title="Template:1956 United States elections"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:1956_United_States_elections" title="Template talk:1956 United States elections"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:1956_United_States_elections" title="Special:EditPage/Template:1956 United States elections"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="(1955_←)_1956_United_States_elections_(→_1957)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">(<a href="/wiki/Category:1955_elections_in_the_United_States" title="Category:1955 elections in the United States">1955 ←</a>)   <a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_elections" title="1956 United States elections">1956 United States elections</a>   (<a href="/wiki/Category:1957_elections_in_the_United_States" title="Category:1957 elections in the United States">→ 1957</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">President</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">1956 United States presidential election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1956 Democratic Party presidential primaries">Democratic primaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1956 Republican Party presidential primaries">Republican primaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1956 Democratic National Convention">Democratic convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_Republican_National_Convention" title="1956 Republican National Convention">Republican convention</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_Senate_elections" title="1956 United States Senate elections">U.S.<br />Senate</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_Senate_election_in_Alabama" title="1956 United States Senate election in Alabama">Alabama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_Senate_election_in_Arizona" title="1956 United States Senate election in Arizona">Arizona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_Senate_election_in_Arkansas" title="1956 United States Senate election in Arkansas">Arkansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_Senate_election_in_California" title="1956 United States Senate election in California">California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_Senate_election_in_Colorado" title="1956 United States Senate election in Colorado">Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_Senate_election_in_Connecticut" title="1956 United States Senate election in Connecticut">Connecticut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_Senate_election_in_Florida" title="1956 United States Senate election in Florida">Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_Senate_election_in_Georgia" title="1956 United States Senate election in Georgia">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_Senate_election_in_Idaho" title="1956 United States Senate election in Idaho">Idaho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_Senate_election_in_Illinois" title="1956 United States Senate election in Illinois">Illinois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_Senate_election_in_Indiana" title="1956 United States Senate election in Indiana">Indiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_Senate_election_in_Iowa" title="1956 United States Senate election in Iowa">Iowa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_Senate_election_in_Kansas" title="1956 United States Senate election in Kansas">Kansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_Senate_election_in_Kentucky" title="1956 United States Senate election in Kentucky">Kentucky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_Senate_special_election_in_Kentucky" title="1956 United States Senate special election in Kentucky">Kentucky (special)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_Senate_election_in_Louisiana" title="1956 United States Senate election in Louisiana">Louisiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_Senate_election_in_Maryland" title="1956 United States Senate election in Maryland">Maryland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_Senate_election_in_Missouri" title="1956 United States Senate election in Missouri">Missouri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_Senate_election_in_Nevada" title="1956 United States Senate election in Nevada">Nevada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_Senate_election_in_New_Hampshire" title="1956 United States Senate election in New Hampshire">New Hampshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_Senate_election_in_New_York" title="1956 United States Senate election in New York">New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_Senate_election_in_North_Carolina" title="1956 United States Senate election in North Carolina">North Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_Senate_election_in_North_Dakota" title="1956 United States Senate election in North Dakota">North Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_Senate_election_in_Ohio" title="1956 United States Senate election in Ohio">Ohio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_Senate_election_in_Oklahoma" title="1956 United States Senate election in Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_Senate_election_in_Oregon" title="1956 United States Senate election in Oregon">Oregon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_Senate_election_in_Pennsylvania" title="1956 United States Senate election in Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_Senate_election_in_South_Carolina" title="1956 United States Senate election in South Carolina">South Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_Senate_special_election_in_South_Carolina" title="1956 United States Senate special election in South Carolina">South Carolina (special)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_Senate_election_in_South_Dakota" title="1956 United States Senate election in South Dakota">South Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_Senate_election_in_Utah" title="1956 United States Senate election in Utah">Utah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_Senate_election_in_Vermont" title="1956 United States Senate election in Vermont">Vermont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_Senate_election_in_Washington" title="1956 United States Senate election in Washington">Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_Senate_special_election_in_West_Virginia" title="1956 United States Senate special election in West Virginia">West Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_Senate_election_in_Wisconsin" title="1956 United States Senate election in Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="1956 United States House of Representatives elections">U.S.<br />House</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Alabama" class="mw-redirect" title="1956 United States House of Representatives elections in Alabama">Alabama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Arkansas" class="mw-redirect" title="1956 United States House of Representatives elections in Arkansas">Arkansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Arizona" class="mw-redirect" title="1956 United States House of Representatives elections in Arizona">Arizona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_California" title="1956 United States House of Representatives elections in California">California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Colorado" class="mw-redirect" title="1956 United States House of Representatives elections in Colorado">Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Connecticut" class="mw-redirect" title="1956 United States House of Representatives elections in Connecticut">Connecticut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_House_of_Representatives_election_in_Delaware" class="mw-redirect" title="1956 United States House of Representatives election in Delaware">Delaware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Florida" class="mw-redirect" title="1956 United States House of Representatives elections in Florida">Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Georgia" class="mw-redirect" title="1956 United States House of Representatives elections in Georgia">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Idaho" class="mw-redirect" title="1956 United States House of Representatives elections in Idaho">Idaho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Illinois" class="mw-redirect" title="1956 United States House of Representatives elections in Illinois">Illinois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Indiana" class="mw-redirect" title="1956 United States House of Representatives elections in Indiana">Indiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Iowa" class="mw-redirect" title="1956 United States House of Representatives elections in Iowa">Iowa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Kansas" class="mw-redirect" title="1956 United States House of Representatives elections in Kansas">Kansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Kentucky" class="mw-redirect" title="1956 United States House of Representatives elections in Kentucky">Kentucky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Louisiana" class="mw-redirect" title="1956 United States House of Representatives elections in Louisiana">Louisiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Maine" class="mw-redirect" title="1956 United States House of Representatives elections in Maine">Maine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Maryland" class="mw-redirect" title="1956 United States House of Representatives elections in Maryland">Maryland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Massachusetts" class="mw-redirect" title="1956 United States House of Representatives elections in Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Michigan" class="mw-redirect" title="1956 United States House of Representatives elections in Michigan">Michigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Minnesota" class="mw-redirect" title="1956 United States House of Representatives elections in Minnesota">Minnesota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Mississippi" class="mw-redirect" title="1956 United States House of Representatives elections in Mississippi">Mississippi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Missouri" class="mw-redirect" title="1956 United States House of Representatives elections in Missouri">Missouri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Montana" class="mw-redirect" title="1956 United States House of Representatives elections in Montana">Montana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Nebraska" class="mw-redirect" title="1956 United States House of Representatives elections in Nebraska">Nebraska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_House_of_Representatives_election_in_Nevada" class="mw-redirect" title="1956 United States House of Representatives election in Nevada">Nevada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_New_Hampshire" class="mw-redirect" title="1956 United States House of Representatives elections in New Hampshire">New Hampshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_New_Jersey" class="mw-redirect" title="1956 United States House of Representatives elections in New Jersey">New Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_House_of_Representatives_election_in_New_Mexico" class="mw-redirect" title="1956 United States House of Representatives election in New Mexico">New Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_New_York" class="mw-redirect" title="1956 United States House of Representatives elections in New York">New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_North_Carolina" class="mw-redirect" title="1956 United States House of Representatives elections in North Carolina">North Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_House_of_Representatives_election_in_North_Dakota" class="mw-redirect" title="1956 United States House of Representatives election in North Dakota">North Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Ohio" class="mw-redirect" title="1956 United States House of Representatives elections in Ohio">Ohio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Oklahoma" class="mw-redirect" title="1956 United States House of Representatives elections in Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Oregon" class="mw-redirect" title="1956 United States House of Representatives elections in Oregon">Oregon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Pennsylvania" class="mw-redirect" title="1956 United States House of Representatives elections in Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Rhode_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="1956 United States House of Representatives elections in Rhode Island">Rhode Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_South_Carolina" title="1956 United States House of Representatives elections in South Carolina">South Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_South_Dakota" class="mw-redirect" title="1956 United States House of Representatives elections in South Dakota">South Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Tennessee" class="mw-redirect" title="1956 United States House of Representatives elections in Tennessee">Tennessee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Texas" class="mw-redirect" title="1956 United States House of Representatives elections in Texas">Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Utah" class="mw-redirect" title="1956 United States House of Representatives elections in Utah">Utah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_House_of_Representatives_election_in_Vermont" class="mw-redirect" title="1956 United States House of Representatives election in Vermont">Vermont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Virginia" class="mw-redirect" title="1956 United States House of Representatives elections in Virginia">Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Washington" class="mw-redirect" title="1956 United States House of Representatives elections in Washington">Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_West_Virginia" class="mw-redirect" title="1956 United States House of Representatives elections in West Virginia">West Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Wisconsin" class="mw-redirect" title="1956 United States House of Representatives elections in Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_House_of_Representatives_election_in_Wyoming" class="mw-redirect" title="1956 United States House of Representatives election in Wyoming">Wyoming</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_gubernatorial_elections" title="1956 United States gubernatorial elections">State<br />governors</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1956_Arizona_gubernatorial_election" title="1956 Arizona gubernatorial election">Arizona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_Arkansas_gubernatorial_election" title="1956 Arkansas gubernatorial election">Arkansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_Colorado_gubernatorial_election" title="1956 Colorado gubernatorial election">Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_Delaware_gubernatorial_election" title="1956 Delaware gubernatorial election">Delaware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_Florida_gubernatorial_election" title="1956 Florida gubernatorial election">Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_Illinois_gubernatorial_election" title="1956 Illinois gubernatorial election">Illinois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_Indiana_gubernatorial_election" title="1956 Indiana gubernatorial election">Indiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_Iowa_gubernatorial_election" title="1956 Iowa gubernatorial election">Iowa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_Kansas_gubernatorial_election" title="1956 Kansas gubernatorial election">Kansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_Maine_gubernatorial_election" title="1956 Maine gubernatorial election">Maine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_Massachusetts_gubernatorial_election" title="1956 Massachusetts gubernatorial election">Massachusetts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_Michigan_gubernatorial_election" title="1956 Michigan gubernatorial election">Michigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_Minnesota_gubernatorial_election" title="1956 Minnesota gubernatorial election">Minnesota</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1956_Minnesota_lieutenant_gubernatorial_election" title="1956 Minnesota lieutenant gubernatorial election">Lt. Gov</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_Missouri_gubernatorial_election" title="1956 Missouri gubernatorial election">Missouri</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1956_Missouri_lieutenant_gubernatorial_election" title="1956 Missouri lieutenant gubernatorial election">Lt. Gov</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_Montana_gubernatorial_election" title="1956 Montana gubernatorial election">Montana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_Nebraska_gubernatorial_election" title="1956 Nebraska gubernatorial election">Nebraska</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1956_Nebraska_lieutenant_gubernatorial_election" title="1956 Nebraska lieutenant gubernatorial election">Lt. Gov</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_New_Hampshire_gubernatorial_election" title="1956 New Hampshire gubernatorial election">New Hampshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_New_Mexico_gubernatorial_election" title="1956 New Mexico gubernatorial election">New Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_North_Carolina_gubernatorial_election" title="1956 North Carolina gubernatorial election">North Carolina</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1956_North_Carolina_lieutenant_gubernatorial_election" title="1956 North Carolina lieutenant gubernatorial election">Lt. Gov</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_North_Dakota_gubernatorial_election" title="1956 North Dakota gubernatorial election">North Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_Ohio_gubernatorial_election" title="1956 Ohio gubernatorial election">Ohio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_Oregon_gubernatorial_special_election" title="1956 Oregon gubernatorial special election">Oregon (special)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_Rhode_Island_gubernatorial_election" title="1956 Rhode Island gubernatorial election">Rhode Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_South_Dakota_gubernatorial_election" title="1956 South Dakota gubernatorial election">South Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_Texas_gubernatorial_election" title="1956 Texas gubernatorial election">Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_Utah_gubernatorial_election" title="1956 Utah gubernatorial election">Utah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_Vermont_gubernatorial_election" title="1956 Vermont gubernatorial election">Vermont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_Washington_gubernatorial_election" title="1956 Washington gubernatorial election">Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_West_Virginia_gubernatorial_election" title="1956 West Virginia gubernatorial election">West Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_Wisconsin_gubernatorial_election" title="1956 Wisconsin gubernatorial election">Wisconsin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:1956_state_legislature_elections_in_the_United_States" title="Category:1956 state legislature elections in the United States">State <br />legislatures</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Arizona <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1956_Arizona_House_of_Representatives_election" title="1956 Arizona House of Representatives election">House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_Arizona_Senate_election" title="1956 Arizona Senate election">Senate</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_Iowa_Senate_election" title="1956 Iowa Senate election">Iowa Senate</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="State_and_district_results_of_the_1956_United_States_presidential_election" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:State_results_of_the_1956_U.S._presidential_election" title="Template:State results of the 1956 U.S. presidential election"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:State_results_of_the_1956_U.S._presidential_election" title="Template talk:State results of the 1956 U.S. presidential election"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:State_results_of_the_1956_U.S._presidential_election" title="Special:EditPage/Template:State results of the 1956 U.S. presidential election"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="State_and_district_results_of_the_1956_United_States_presidential_election" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">State and district results of the <a class="mw-selflink selflink">1956 United States presidential election</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Alabama" title="1956 United States presidential election in Alabama">Alabama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Arizona" title="1956 United States presidential election in Arizona">Arizona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Arkansas" title="1956 United States presidential election in Arkansas">Arkansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_California" title="1956 United States presidential election in California">California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Colorado" title="1956 United States presidential election in Colorado">Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Connecticut" title="1956 United States presidential election in Connecticut">Connecticut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Delaware" title="1956 United States presidential election in Delaware">Delaware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Florida" title="1956 United States presidential election in Florida">Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Georgia" title="1956 United States presidential election in Georgia">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Idaho" title="1956 United States presidential election in Idaho">Idaho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Illinois" title="1956 United States presidential election in Illinois">Illinois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Indiana" title="1956 United States presidential election in Indiana">Indiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Iowa" title="1956 United States presidential election in Iowa">Iowa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Kansas" title="1956 United States presidential election in Kansas">Kansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Kentucky" title="1956 United States presidential election in Kentucky">Kentucky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Louisiana" title="1956 United States presidential election in Louisiana">Louisiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Maine" title="1956 United States presidential election in Maine">Maine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Maryland" title="1956 United States presidential election in Maryland">Maryland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Massachusetts" title="1956 United States presidential election in Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Michigan" title="1956 United States presidential election in Michigan">Michigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Minnesota" title="1956 United States presidential election in Minnesota">Minnesota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Mississippi" title="1956 United States presidential election in Mississippi">Mississippi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Missouri" title="1956 United States presidential election in Missouri">Missouri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Montana" title="1956 United States presidential election in Montana">Montana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Nebraska" title="1956 United States presidential election in Nebraska">Nebraska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Nevada" title="1956 United States presidential election in Nevada">Nevada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_New_Hampshire" title="1956 United States presidential election in New Hampshire">New Hampshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_New_Jersey" title="1956 United States presidential election in New Jersey">New Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_New_Mexico" title="1956 United States presidential election in New Mexico">New Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_New_York" title="1956 United States presidential election in New York">New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_North_Carolina" title="1956 United States presidential election in North Carolina">North Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_North_Dakota" title="1956 United States presidential election in North Dakota">North Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Ohio" title="1956 United States presidential election in Ohio">Ohio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Oklahoma" title="1956 United States presidential election in Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Oregon" title="1956 United States presidential election in Oregon">Oregon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Pennsylvania" title="1956 United States presidential election in Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Rhode_Island" title="1956 United States presidential election in Rhode Island">Rhode Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_South_Carolina" title="1956 United States presidential election in South Carolina">South Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_South_Dakota" title="1956 United States presidential election in South Dakota">South Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Tennessee" title="1956 United States presidential election in Tennessee">Tennessee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Texas" title="1956 United States presidential election in Texas">Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Utah" title="1956 United States presidential election in Utah">Utah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Vermont" title="1956 United States presidential election in Vermont">Vermont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Virginia" title="1956 United States presidential election in Virginia">Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Washington_(state)" title="1956 United States presidential election in Washington (state)">Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_West_Virginia" title="1956 United States presidential election in West Virginia">West Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Wisconsin" title="1956 United States presidential election in Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Wyoming" title="1956 United States presidential election in Wyoming">Wyoming</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px;padding-left:1.5em;"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:ElectoralCollege1956.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Electoral map, 1956 election"><img alt="Electoral map, 1956 election" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/ElectoralCollege1956.svg/150px-ElectoralCollege1956.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="87" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/ElectoralCollege1956.svg/225px-ElectoralCollege1956.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/ElectoralCollege1956.svg/300px-ElectoralCollege1956.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1020" data-file-height="593" /></a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Dwight_D._Eisenhower" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Template:Dwight D. Eisenhower"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Template talk:Dwight D. Eisenhower"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Dwight D. Eisenhower"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Dwight_D._Eisenhower" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Dwight D. Eisenhower">Dwight D. Eisenhower</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of presidents of the United States">34th</a> <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President of the United States</a> (1953–1961)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Allied_Commander_Europe" title="Supreme Allied Commander Europe">Supreme Allied Commander Europe</a> (1951–1952)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Chief_of_Staff_of_the_United_States_Army" title="Chief of Staff of the United States Army">Chief of Staff of the Army</a> (1945–1948)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Headquarters_Allied_Expeditionary_Force#Commander_and_senior_staff" title="Supreme Headquarters Allied Expeditionary Force">Commander, Supreme Headquarters Allied Expeditionary Force</a> (1943–1945)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Military_career_of_Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Military career of Dwight D. Eisenhower">Military<br />career</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military_career_of_Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Military career of Dwight D. Eisenhower">Military career</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1919_Motor_Transport_Corps_convoy" title="1919 Motor Transport Corps convoy">1919 Motor Transport Corps convoy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louisiana_Maneuvers" title="Louisiana Maneuvers">Louisiana Maneuvers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Torch" title="Operation Torch">Operation Torch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Theater_of_Operations_United_States_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="European Theater of Operations United States Army">European Theater of Operations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allied_invasion_of_Sicily" title="Allied invasion of Sicily">Allied invasion of Sicily</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armistice_of_Cassibile" title="Armistice of Cassibile">Armistice of Cassibile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_6,_1944,_order_of_the_day" title="June 6, 1944, order of the day">June 6, 1944, order of the day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People_of_Western_Europe_speech" title="People of Western Europe speech">People of Western Europe speech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Normandy_landings" title="Normandy landings">Normandy landings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Veritable" title="Operation Veritable">Operation Veritable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berlin_Declaration_(1945)" title="Berlin Declaration (1945)">Berlin Declaration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allied-occupied_Germany" title="Allied-occupied Germany">Military Governor, U.S. Occupation Zone in Germany</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Disarmed_Enemy_Forces" title="Disarmed Enemy Forces">Disarmed Enemy Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Advisory_Commission" title="European Advisory Commission">European Advisory Commission</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Allied_Commander_Europe" title="Supreme Allied Commander Europe">Supreme Commander of NATO, 1951-1952</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Presidency of Dwight D. Eisenhower">Presidency</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Dwight_D._Eisenhower_presidency" title="Timeline of the Dwight D. Eisenhower presidency">timeline</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_transition_of_Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Presidential transition of Dwight D. Eisenhower">Transition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_inauguration_of_Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="First inauguration of Dwight D. Eisenhower">1953 inauguration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_inauguration_of_Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Second inauguration of Dwight D. Eisenhower">1957 inauguration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_of_the_Union" title="State of the Union">State of the Union Address</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/February_1953_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="February 1953 State of the Union Address">1953</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1954_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1954 State of the Union Address">1954</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1955_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1955 State of the Union Address">1955</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1956 State of the Union Address">1956</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1957_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1957 State of the Union Address">1957</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1958_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1958 State of the Union Address">1958</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1959_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1959 State of the Union Address">1959</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1960_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1960 State of the Union Address">1960</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_12,_1961_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="January 12, 1961 State of the Union Address">1961</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Dwight_D._Eisenhower#Administration_and_Cabinet" title="Presidency of Dwight D. Eisenhower">Cabinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_federal_judges_appointed_by_Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="List of federal judges appointed by Dwight D. Eisenhower">Judicial appointments</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dwight_D._Eisenhower_Supreme_Court_candidates" title="Dwight D. Eisenhower Supreme Court candidates">Supreme Court</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eisenhower%27s_farewell_address" class="mw-redirect" title="Eisenhower's farewell address">Farewell address</a> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Military%E2%80%93industrial_complex" title="Military–industrial complex">Military–industrial complex</a>"</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_transition_of_John_F._Kennedy" title="Presidential transition of John F. Kennedy">Kennedy transition</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:Dwight_David_Eisenhower/Executive_Orders" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Author:Dwight David Eisenhower/Executive Orders">Executive Orders</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:Dwight_David_Eisenhower/Presidential_Proclamations" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Author:Dwight David Eisenhower/Presidential Proclamations">Presidential Proclamations</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Foreign_policy_of_the_Dwight_D._Eisenhower_administration" title="Foreign policy of the Dwight D. Eisenhower administration">Foreign policy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eisenhower_Doctrine" title="Eisenhower Doctrine">Eisenhower Doctrine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_War" title="Korean War">Korean War</a> <ul><li>1953; <a href="/wiki/Korean_Armistice_Agreement" title="Korean Armistice Agreement">Korean Armistice Agreement</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1953_Iranian_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1953 Iranian coup d'état">1953 Iranian coup d'état</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chance_for_Peace_speech" title="Chance for Peace speech">"Chance for Peace" speech</a> (1953)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cold_War_(1953%E2%80%931962)" title="Cold War (1953–1962)">Cold War</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Domino_theory" title="Domino theory">Domino theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cold_War#Crisis_and_escalation_(1953–62)" title="Cold War">Khrushchev, Eisenhower and De-Stalinization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Look_(policy)" title="New Look (policy)">New Look policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geneva_Summit_(1955)" title="Geneva Summit (1955)">1955 Geneva Summit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1960_U-2_incident" title="1960 U-2 incident">1960 U-2 incident</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atomic_Energy_Act_of_1954" title="Atomic Energy Act of 1954">Atomic Energy Act of 1954</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atoms_for_Peace" title="Atoms for Peace">Atoms for Peace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Restricted_Data" title="Restricted Data">Restricted Data</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agricultural_Trade_Development_and_Assistance_Act_of_1954" title="Agricultural Trade Development and Assistance Act of 1954">Agricultural Trade Development and Assistance Act of 1954</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Food_for_Peace" title="Food for Peace">Food for Peace</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suez_Crisis" title="Suez Crisis">Suez Crisis</a> (1956)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/DARPA" title="DARPA">DARPA</a> (1958)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/EURATOM_Cooperation_Act_of_1958" title="EURATOM Cooperation Act of 1958">EURATOM Cooperation Act of 1958</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Aeronautics_and_Space_Act" title="National Aeronautics and Space Act">National Aeronautics and Space Act</a> <ul><li>1958; <a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_40" title="Operation 40">Operation 40</a> (1960)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Domestic policy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Executive_Order_10479" title="Executive Order 10479">Executive Order 10479</a> (1953)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outer_Continental_Shelf" title="Outer Continental Shelf">Outer Continental Shelf Act</a> (1953)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Refugee_Relief_Act" title="Refugee Relief Act">Refugee Relief Act</a> (1953)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Submerged_Lands_Act" title="Submerged Lands Act">Submerged Lands Act</a> (1953)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Health_and_Human_Services" title="United States Department of Health and Human Services">U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare</a> (1953)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agricultural_Act_of_1954" title="Agricultural Act of 1954">Agricultural Act of 1954</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Wool_Act_of_1954" title="National Wool Act of 1954">National Wool Act of 1954</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_Milk_Program" title="Special Milk Program">Special Milk Program</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Excise_Tax_Reduction_Act_of_1954" title="Excise Tax Reduction Act of 1954">Excise Tax Reduction Act of 1954</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internal_Revenue_Code" title="Internal Revenue Code">Internal Revenue Code of 1954</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Watershed_Protection_and_Flood_Prevention_Act_of_1954" title="Watershed Protection and Flood Prevention Act of 1954">Watershed Protection and Flood Prevention Act of 1954</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Small_Watershed_Program" title="Small Watershed Program">Small Watershed Program</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Pollution_Control_Act_of_1955" title="Air Pollution Control Act of 1955">Air Pollution Control Act of 1955</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agricultural_Act_of_1956" title="Agricultural Act of 1956">Agricultural Act of 1956</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Soil_Bank_Act" title="Soil Bank Act">Soil Bank Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soil_Bank_Program" title="Soil Bank Program">Soil Bank Program</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Voting_Assistance_Program" title="Federal Voting Assistance Program">Federal Voting Assistance Program</a> (1955)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bank_Holding_Company_Act" title="Bank Holding Company Act">Bank Holding Company Act</a> (1956)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal-Aid_Highway_Act_of_1956" title="Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1956">Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1956</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Interstate_Highway_System" title="Interstate Highway System">Interstate Highway System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highway_Trust_Fund" title="Highway Trust Fund">Highway Trust Fund</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fish_and_Wildlife_Act" title="Fish and Wildlife Act">Fish and Wildlife Act</a> (1956)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/People_to_People_Student_Ambassador_Program" title="People to People Student Ambassador Program">People to People Student Ambassador Program</a> (1956)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/President%27s_Council_on_Fitness,_Sports_and_Nutrition" class="mw-redirect" title="President's Council on Fitness, Sports and Nutrition">President's Council on Physical Fitness and Sports</a> (1956)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civil_Rights_Act_of_1957" title="Civil Rights Act of 1957">Civil Rights Act of 1957</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Commission_on_Civil_Rights" title="United States Commission on Civil Rights">U.S. Commission on Civil Rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Justice_Civil_Rights_Division" title="United States Department of Justice Civil Rights Division">U.S. Department of Justice Civil Rights Division</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Plant_Pest_Act_of_1957" title="Federal Plant Pest Act of 1957">Federal Plant Pest Act of 1957</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Rock_Nine" title="Little Rock Nine">Little Rock Nine intervention</a> (1957)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Price%E2%80%93Anderson_Nuclear_Industries_Indemnity_Act" title="Price–Anderson Nuclear Industries Indemnity Act">Price–Anderson Nuclear Industries Indemnity Act</a> (1957)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alaska_Statehood_Act" title="Alaska Statehood Act">Alaska Statehood Act</a> (1958)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humane_Slaughter_Act" title="Humane Slaughter Act">Humane Slaughter Act</a> (1958)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Defense_Education_Act" title="National Defense Education Act">National Defense Education Act</a> <ul><li>1958; <a href="/wiki/Federal_Perkins_Loan" title="Federal Perkins Loan">Federal Perkins Loan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Student_loans_in_the_United_States" title="Student loans in the United States">Student loans in the United States</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hawaii_Admission_Act" title="Hawaii Admission Act">Hawaii Admission Act</a> (1959)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multiple-Use_Sustained-Yield_Act_of_1960" title="Multiple-Use Sustained-Yield Act of 1960">Multiple-Use Sustained-Yield Act of 1960</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civil_Rights_Act_of_1960" title="Civil Rights Act of 1960">Civil Rights Act of 1960</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikes_Act" title="Sikes Act">Sikes Act</a> (1960)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Books</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crusade_in_Europe" title="Crusade in Europe"><i>Crusade in Europe</i> (1948)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Elections</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Draft_Eisenhower_movement" title="Draft Eisenhower movement">Draft Eisenhower movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1948_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1948 Republican Party presidential primaries">Republican Party presidential primaries (1948</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1952_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1952 Republican Party presidential primaries">1952</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1956 Republican Party presidential primaries">1956)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1952_Republican_National_Convention" title="1952 Republican National Convention">Republican National Convention (1952</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_Republican_National_Convention" title="1956 Republican National Convention">1956)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1952_United_States_presidential_election" title="1952 United States presidential election">United States Presidential election (1952</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">1956)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Legacy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Bibliography of Dwight D. Eisenhower">Bibliography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eisenhower_Birthplace_State_Historic_Site" title="Eisenhower Birthplace State Historic Site">Birthplace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dwight_D._Eisenhower_Presidential_Library,_Museum_and_Boyhood_Home" title="Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Library, Museum and Boyhood Home">Eisenhower Presidential Library, Museum, gravesite</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eisenhower_Home" title="Eisenhower Home">Boyhood home</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eisenhower_National_Historic_Site" title="Eisenhower National Historic Site">Eisenhower National Historic Site</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dwight_D._Eisenhower_Memorial" title="Dwight D. Eisenhower Memorial">Dwight D. Eisenhower Memorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eisenhower_Executive_Office_Building" title="Eisenhower Executive Office Building">Eisenhower Executive Office Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wichita_Dwight_D._Eisenhower_National_Airport" title="Wichita Dwight D. Eisenhower National Airport">Wichita Dwight D. Eisenhower National Airport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eisenhower_Fellowships" title="Eisenhower Fellowships">Eisenhower Fellowships</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eisenhower_Institute" class="mw-redirect" title="Eisenhower Institute">Eisenhower Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eisenhower_Monument" title="Eisenhower Monument">Eisenhower Monument</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eisenhower_dollar" title="Eisenhower dollar">Eisenhower dollar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eisenhower_Centennial_silver_dollar" title="Eisenhower Centennial silver dollar">Eisenhower Centennial silver dollar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidents_of_the_United_States_on_U.S._postage_stamps#Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Presidents of the United States on U.S. postage stamps">U.S. Postage stamps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dwight_D._Eisenhower_Army_Medical_Center" title="Dwight D. Eisenhower Army Medical Center">Dwight D. Eisenhower Army Medical Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eisenhower_Medical_Center" title="Eisenhower Medical Center">Eisenhower Medical Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eisenhower_Trophy" title="Eisenhower Trophy">Eisenhower Trophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eisenhower_Golf_Club" title="Eisenhower Golf Club">Eisenhower Golf Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy_Center_for_the_Performing_Arts#Eisenhower_Theater" title="John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts">Eisenhower Theater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Dwight_D._Eisenhower_(U.S._Capitol)" title="Statue of Dwight D. Eisenhower (U.S. Capitol)">Statue of Dwight D. Eisenhower (U.S. Capitol)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Eisenhower" title="Fort Eisenhower">Fort Eisenhower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Eisenhower" title="Mount Eisenhower">Mount Eisenhower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_places_named_for_Dwight_D._Eisenhower" class="mw-redirect" title="List of places named for Dwight D. Eisenhower">Places named for Eisenhower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dwight_D._Eisenhower#Tributes_and_memorials" title="Dwight D. Eisenhower">Other tributes and memorials</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Popular<br />culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eisenhower_jacket" title="Eisenhower jacket">Eisenhower jacket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eisenhower_Tree" title="Eisenhower Tree">Eisenhower Tree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crusade_in_Europe#TV_series" title="Crusade in Europe"><i>Crusade in Europe</i> (1949 television series)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Backstairs_at_the_White_House" title="Backstairs at the White House"><i>Backstairs at the White House</i> (1979 miniseries)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ike_(miniseries)" title="Ike (miniseries)"><i>Ike</i> (1979 miniseries)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ike:_Countdown_to_D-Day" title="Ike: Countdown to D-Day"><i>Ike: Countdown to D-Day</i> (2004 film)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pressure_(play)" title="Pressure (play)"><i>Pressure</i> (2014 play)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Family_of_Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Family of Dwight D. Eisenhower">Family</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mamie_Eisenhower" title="Mamie Eisenhower"> Mary "Mamie" Geneva Doud Eisenhower</a> (wife)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Eisenhower" title="John Eisenhower">John Eisenhower</a> (son)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Eisenhower" title="David Eisenhower">David Eisenhower</a> (grandson)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne_Eisenhower" title="Anne Eisenhower">Anne Eisenhower</a> (granddaughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susan_Eisenhower" title="Susan Eisenhower">Susan Eisenhower</a> (granddaughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Jean_Eisenhower" title="Mary Jean Eisenhower">Mary Jean Eisenhower</a> (granddaughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jennie_Eisenhower" title="Jennie Eisenhower">Jennie Eisenhower</a> (great-granddaughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ida_Stover_Eisenhower" title="Ida Stover Eisenhower">Ida Stover Eisenhower</a> (mother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Eisenhower" class="mw-redirect" title="Arthur Eisenhower">Arthur Eisenhower</a> (brother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edgar_N._Eisenhower" title="Edgar N. Eisenhower">Edgar N. Eisenhower</a> (brother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roy_Eisenhower" class="mw-redirect" title="Roy Eisenhower">Roy Eisenhower</a> (brother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earl_D._Eisenhower" title="Earl D. Eisenhower">Earl D. Eisenhower</a> (brother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milton_S._Eisenhower" title="Milton S. Eisenhower">Milton S. Eisenhower</a> (brother)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eisenhower_baseball_controversy" title="Eisenhower baseball controversy">Eisenhower baseball controversy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camp_David" title="Camp David">Camp David</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/And_I_don%27t_care_what_it_is" title="And I don't care what it is">And I don't care what it is</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atoms_for_Peace_Award" title="Atoms for Peace Award">Atoms for Peace Award</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Introduction_to_Outer_Space" title="Introduction to Outer Space">Introduction to Outer Space</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eddie_Slovik" title="Eddie Slovik">Eddie Slovik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kay_Summersby" title="Kay Summersby">Kay Summersby</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Harry_S._Truman" title="Harry S. Truman">← Harry S. Truman</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy" title="John F. Kennedy">John F. Kennedy →</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><b><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Category:Dwight D. Eisenhower">Category</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Richard_Nixon" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Richard_Nixon" title="Template:Richard Nixon"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Richard_Nixon" title="Template talk:Richard Nixon"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Richard_Nixon" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Richard Nixon"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Richard_Nixon" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Richard Nixon</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of presidents of the United States">37th</a> <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President of the United States</a> (1969–1974)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_vice_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of vice presidents of the United States">36th</a> <a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States" title="Vice President of the United States">Vice President of the United States</a> (1953–1961)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">U.S. Senator</a> <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_California" title="List of United States senators from California">from California</a> (1950–1953)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">U.S. Representative</a> for <a href="/wiki/California%27s_12th_congressional_district" title="California's 12th congressional district">CA–12</a> (1947–1950)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Richard_Nixon" title="Presidency of Richard Nixon">Presidency</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_transition_of_Richard_Nixon" title="Presidential transition of Richard Nixon">Transition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_inauguration_of_Richard_Nixon" title="First inauguration of Richard Nixon">First inauguration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_inauguration_of_Richard_Nixon" title="Second inauguration of Richard Nixon">Second inauguration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nixon_Doctrine" title="Nixon Doctrine">Nixon Doctrine</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Bring_Us_Together" title="Bring Us Together">Bring Us Together</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nixonomics" title="Nixonomics">Economic policies</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nixon_shock" title="Nixon shock">Nixon shock</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tar_Baby_Option" class="mw-redirect" title="Tar Baby Option">Tar Baby Option</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Environmental_Protection_Agency" title="United States Environmental Protection Agency">Environmental Protection Agency</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Reorganization_Plan_No._3" class="mw-redirect" title="Reorganization Plan No. 3">creation</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Oceanic_and_Atmospheric_Administration" title="National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration">National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_policy_of_the_United_States#Nixon_administration" title="Space policy of the United States">Space exploration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_on_Cancer" class="mw-redirect" title="War on Cancer">1971 National Cancer Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnam_War" title="Vietnam War">Vietnam War</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Menu" title="Operation Menu">Cambodian bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris_Peace_Accords" title="Paris Peace Accords">Paris Peace Accords</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Peace_with_Honor" title="Peace with Honor">Peace with Honor</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnamization" title="Vietnamization">Vietnamization</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silent_majority" title="Silent majority">Silent majority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cold_War_(1962%E2%80%931979)" title="Cold War (1962–1979)">Cold War period</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Linkage_(policy)" title="Linkage (policy)">Linkage policy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comprehensive_Drug_Abuse_Prevention_and_Control_Act_of_1970" title="Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act of 1970">Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon%27s_visit_to_the_Lincoln_Memorial" title="Richard Nixon's visit to the Lincoln Memorial">1970 Lincoln Memorial visit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1972_visit_by_Richard_Nixon_to_China" title="1972 visit by Richard Nixon to China">1972 visit to China</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shanghai_Communiqu%C3%A9" title="Shanghai Communiqué">Shanghai Communiqué</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%A9tente" title="Détente">Détente</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Moscow_Summit_(1972)" title="Moscow Summit (1972)">1972 Moscow Summit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Ballistic_Missile_Treaty" title="Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty">Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strategic_Arms_Limitation_Talks" title="Strategic Arms Limitation Talks">SALT I Treaty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agreement_on_the_Prevention_of_Nuclear_War" title="Agreement on the Prevention of Nuclear War">Prevention of Nuclear War Agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Threshold_Test_Ban_Treaty" title="Threshold Test Ban Treaty">Threshold Test Ban Treaty</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Endangered_Species_Act_of_1973" title="Endangered Species Act of 1973">Endangered Species Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shafer_Commission" title="Shafer Commission">National Commission on Marihuana and Drug Abuse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_on_Drugs" class="mw-redirect" title="War on Drugs">War on Drugs</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Drug_Enforcement_Administration#History_and_mandate" title="Drug Enforcement Administration">Drug Enforcement Administration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_policy_of_the_Richard_Nixon_administration" title="Cannabis policy of the Richard Nixon administration">Cannabis policy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nixon%27s_Enemies_List" title="Nixon's Enemies List">Enemies List</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Master_list_of_Nixon%27s_political_opponents" title="Master list of Nixon's political opponents">list of opponents</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_CHAOS" title="Operation CHAOS">Operation CHAOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Watergate_scandal" title="Watergate scandal">Watergate</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Watergate_scandal" title="Timeline of the Watergate scandal">timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nixon_White_House_tapes" title="Nixon White House tapes">White House tapes</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/United_States_v._Nixon" title="United States v. Nixon">United States v. Nixon</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Watergate_Committee" title="United States Senate Watergate Committee">Senate Watergate Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impeachment_process_against_Richard_Nixon" title="Impeachment process against Richard Nixon">impeachment process</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/I_am_not_a_crook" class="mw-redirect" title="I am not a crook">I am not a crook</a>"</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Watergate_scandal#Resignation" title="Watergate scandal">Resignation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon%27s_resignation_speech" title="Richard Nixon's resignation speech">speech</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pardon_of_Richard_Nixon" title="Pardon of Richard Nixon">Pardon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_of_the_Union" title="State of the Union">State of the Union Address</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1970_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1970 State of the Union Address">1970</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1971_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1971 State of the Union Address">1971</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1972_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1972 State of the Union Address">1972</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1973_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1973 State of the Union Address">1973</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1974_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1974 State of the Union Address">1974</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilson_desk" title="Wilson desk">Wilson desk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_federal_judges_appointed_by_Richard_Nixon" title="List of federal judges appointed by Richard Nixon">Judicial appointments</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon_Supreme_Court_candidates" title="Richard Nixon Supreme Court candidates">Supreme Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon_judicial_appointment_controversies" title="Richard Nixon judicial appointment controversies">controversies</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:Richard_Milhous_Nixon/Executive_orders" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Author:Richard Milhous Nixon/Executive orders">Executive Orders</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:Richard_Milhous_Nixon/Presidential_Proclamations" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Author:Richard Milhous Nixon/Presidential Proclamations">Presidential Proclamations</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Life and<br />politics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon_Foundation" title="Richard Nixon Foundation">Richard Nixon Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon_Presidential_Library_and_Museum" title="Richard Nixon Presidential Library and Museum">Presidential Library and Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birthplace_of_Richard_Nixon" title="Birthplace of Richard Nixon">Birthplace and boyhood home</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Checkers_speech" title="Checkers speech">Checkers speech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attack_on_Richard_Nixon%27s_motorcade" title="Attack on Richard Nixon's motorcade">1958 motorcade attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kitchen_Debate" title="Kitchen Debate">Kitchen Debate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_40" title="Operation 40">Operation 40</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon%27s_November_1962_press_conference" title="Richard Nixon's November 1962 press conference">"Last press conference"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florida_White_House" class="mw-redirect" title="Florida White House">Florida White House</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/La_Casa_Pacifica" title="La Casa Pacifica">La Casa Pacifica</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Center_for_the_National_Interest" title="Center for the National Interest">Nixon Center</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nixon_v._General_Services_Administration" title="Nixon v. General Services Administration">Nixon v. General Services Administration</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_and_state_funeral_of_Richard_Nixon" title="Death and state funeral of Richard Nixon">Death and state funeral</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Books</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Six_Crises" title="Six Crises"><i>Six Crises</i> (1962)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_Richard_Nixon" title="Bibliography of Richard Nixon">Bibliography</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Electoral_history_of_Richard_Nixon" title="Electoral history of Richard Nixon">Elections</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>U.S. House of Representatives: <a href="/wiki/1946_California%27s_12th_congressional_district_election" title="1946 California's 12th congressional district election">1946</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1948_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="1948 United States House of Representatives elections">1948</a></li> <li>U.S. Senate: <a href="/wiki/1950_United_States_Senate_election_in_California" title="1950 United States Senate election in California">1950</a></li> <li>California gubernatorial election: <a href="/wiki/1962_California_gubernatorial_election" title="1962 California gubernatorial election">1962</a></li> <li>GOP presidential primaries: <a href="/wiki/1960_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1960 Republican Party presidential primaries">1960</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1964_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1964 Republican Party presidential primaries">1964</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1968_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1968 Republican Party presidential primaries">1968</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1972_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1972 Republican Party presidential primaries">1972</a></li> <li>GOP national conventions: <a href="/wiki/1952_Republican_National_Convention" title="1952 Republican National Convention">1952</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_Republican_National_Convention" title="1956 Republican National Convention">1956</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1960_Republican_National_Convention" title="1960 Republican National Convention">1960</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon_1960_presidential_campaign" title="Richard Nixon 1960 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1968_Republican_National_Convention" title="1968 Republican National Convention">1968</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon_1968_presidential_campaign" title="Richard Nixon 1968 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1972_Republican_National_Convention" title="1972 Republican National Convention">1972</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon_1972_presidential_campaign" title="Richard Nixon 1972 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li></ul></li> <li>Presidential elections: <a href="/wiki/1952_United_States_presidential_election" title="1952 United States presidential election">1952</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_transition_of_Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Presidential transition of Dwight D. Eisenhower">transition</a></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">1956</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1960_United_States_presidential_election" title="1960 United States presidential election">1960</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1960_United_States_presidential_debates" title="1960 United States presidential debates">debates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_transition_of_John_F._Kennedy" title="Presidential transition of John F. Kennedy">Kennedy transition</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1968_United_States_presidential_election" title="1968 United States presidential election">1968</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1972_United_States_presidential_election" title="1972 United States presidential election">1972</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cultural_depictions_of_Richard_Nixon" title="Cultural depictions of Richard Nixon">Popular<br />culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Nixon_goes_to_China" title="Nixon goes to China">Nixon goes to China</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Millhouse_(film)" title="Millhouse (film)"><i>Millhouse</i> (1971 film)</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/An_Evening_with_Richard_Nixon" title="An Evening with Richard Nixon">An Evening with Richard Nixon</a></i> (1972 play)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Richard_(film)" title="Richard (film)">Richard</a></i> (1972 film)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Another_Nice_Mess" title="Another Nice Mess">Another Nice Mess</a></i> (1972 film)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four_More_Years" title="Four More Years"><i>Four More Years</i> (1972 film)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impeach_the_President" title="Impeach the President"><i>Impeach the President</i> (1973 song)</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Werewolf_of_Washington" title="The Werewolf of Washington">The Werewolf of Washington</a></i> (1973 film)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_House_Madness" title="White House Madness"><i>White House Madness</i> (1975 film)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/All_the_President%27s_Men_(film)" title="All the President's Men (film)"><i>All the President's Men</i> (1976 film)</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Public_Burning" title="The Public Burning">The Public Burning</a></i> (1977 novel)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Washington:_Behind_Closed_Doors" title="Washington: Behind Closed Doors">Washington: Behind Closed Doors</a></i> (1977 miniseries)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secret_Honor" title="Secret Honor"><i>Secret Honor</i> (1984 film)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nixon_in_China" title="Nixon in China"><i>Nixon in China</i> (1987 opera)</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Final_Days_(1989_film)" title="The Final Days (1989 film)">The Final Days</a></i> (1989 film)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nixon_(film)" title="Nixon (film)"><i>Nixon</i> (1995 film)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elvis_Meets_Nixon" title="Elvis Meets Nixon"><i>Elvis Meets Nixon</i> (1997 film)</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/List_of_Futurama_characters#Richard_Nixon" title="List of Futurama characters">Futurama</a></i> (1999 TV series)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dick_(film)" title="Dick (film)"><i>Dick</i> (1999 film)</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nixon%27s_China_Game" title="Nixon's China Game">Nixon's China Game</a></i> (2000 film)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dark_Side_of_the_Moon_(2002_film)" title="Dark Side of the Moon (2002 film)">Dark Side of the Moon</a></i> (2002 film)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Assassination_of_Richard_Nixon" title="The Assassination of Richard Nixon">The Assassination of Richard Nixon</a></i> (2004 film)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nixon_interviews" title="Nixon interviews">Frost–Nixon interviews</a> (<a href="/wiki/Frost/Nixon_(play)" title="Frost/Nixon (play)">2006 play</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frost/Nixon_(film)" title="Frost/Nixon (film)">2008 film</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Black_Dynamite" title="Black Dynamite">Black Dynamite</a></i> (2009 film)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Impossible_Astronaut" title="The Impossible Astronaut">The Impossible Astronaut</a>" (2011 TV episode)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Nixon" title="Our Nixon"><i>Our Nixon</i> (2013 film)</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/X-Men:_Days_of_Future_Past" title="X-Men: Days of Future Past">X-Men: Days of Future Past</a></i> (2014 film)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Crooked_(novel)" title="Crooked (novel)">Crooked</a></i> (2015 novel)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elvis_%26_Nixon" title="Elvis & Nixon"><i>Elvis & Nixon</i> (2016 film)</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Post_(film)" title="The Post (film)">The Post</a></i> (2017 film)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Watergate_(board_game)" title="Watergate (board game)">Watergate</a></i> (2019 board game)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidents_of_the_United_States_on_U.S._postage_stamps#Richard_M._Nixon" title="Presidents of the United States on U.S. postage stamps">U.S. postage stamp</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_Recordings_and_Materials_Preservation_Act" title="Presidential Recordings and Materials Preservation Act">Presidential Recordings and Materials 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class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pat_Nixon" title="Pat Nixon">Thelma "Pat" Ryan Nixon</a> (wife)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tricia_Nixon_Cox" title="Tricia Nixon Cox">Tricia Nixon Cox</a> (daughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julie_Nixon_Eisenhower" title="Julie Nixon Eisenhower">Julie Nixon Eisenhower</a> (daughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Nixon_Cox" title="Christopher Nixon Cox">Christopher Nixon Cox</a> (grandson)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jennie_Eisenhower" title="Jennie Eisenhower">Jennie Eisenhower</a> (granddaughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_A._Nixon" title="Francis A. Nixon">Francis A. Nixon</a> (father)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hannah_Milhous_Nixon" title="Hannah Milhous Nixon">Hannah Milhous Nixon</a> (mother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Nixon" title="Donald Nixon">Donald Nixon</a> (brother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Nixon" title="Edward Nixon">Edward Nixon</a> (brother)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson" title="Lyndon B. Johnson">← Lyndon B. 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