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Born and raised in Canada, Gupta has a diasporic perspective and a feminist political stance that values women\u0026amp;#39;s solidarity and political involvement across borders. Her short stories explore the feminist thesis that the sexual crimes committed against girls and women at times of conflict are a direct consequence of the appropriation of women\u0026amp;#39;s bodies for symbolic uses within the dialectics of patriarchal nationalisms. However, her stories\u0026amp;#39; restrained style and their publication in a small activist press preclude easy commodification in a global market avid for narratives of ethnic violence. By reading Gupta\u0026amp;#39;s creative texts in relation to academic studies of communal sexual violence and nationalism, humanitarian reports on refugees and gendered violence and journalistic accounts of the conflict, this essay attempts to assess the power of literature to offer nuanced and complex representations of violent conflict and its consequences. Special attention is paid to the representation of life in the officially designated ‘migrant camps’, to the difficult issue of the social stigmatization of rape victims and to the many ways in which women are implicated.","author":[{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Person","name":"Belen Martin-Lucas","url":"https://uvigo.academia.edu/BelenMartinLucas"}],"contributor":[],"dateCreated":"2015-11-04","dateModified":"2015-11-04","headline":"The Beauties of Kashmir: Nila Gupta's Representations of War from a Distance","image":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/41348278/thumbnails/1.jpg","inLanguage":"en","keywords":["Feminism","Postcolonial Feminism","Feminism and Social 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window.loswp.work = {"work":{"id":17731030,"created_at":"2015-11-04T05:10:01.891-08:00","from_world_paper_id":null,"updated_at":"2021-01-16T01:22:21.444-08:00","_data":{"abstract":"This essay examines Nila Gupta's literary representation of the conflict in Kashmir in her short story cycle The Sherpa and Other Fictions (2008). Born and raised in Canada, Gupta has a diasporic perspective and a feminist political stance that values women's solidarity and political involvement across borders. Her short stories explore the feminist thesis that the sexual crimes committed against girls and women at times of conflict are a direct consequence of the appropriation of women's bodies for symbolic uses within the dialectics of patriarchal nationalisms. However, her stories' restrained style and their publication in a small activist press preclude easy commodification in a global market avid for narratives of ethnic violence. By reading Gupta's creative texts in relation to academic studies of communal sexual violence and nationalism, humanitarian reports on refugees and gendered violence and journalistic accounts of the conflict, this essay attempts to assess the power of literature to offer nuanced and complex representations of violent conflict and its consequences. Special attention is paid to the representation of life in the officially designated ‘migrant camps’, to the difficult issue of the social stigmatization of rape victims and to the many ways in which women are implicated."},"document_type":"paper","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"The Beauties of Kashmir: Nila Gupta's Representations of War from a Distance","broadcastable":true,"draft":null,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [36738433]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "full_page_mobile_sutd_modal"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loginModal = {}; window.loginModal.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon'; window.userInChina = "false";</script><script defer="" src="https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client"></script><div class="ds-loswp-container"><div class="ds-work-card--grid-container"><div class="ds-work-card--container js-loswp-work-card"><div class="ds-work-card--cover"><div class="ds-work-cover--wrapper"><div class="ds-work-cover--container"><button class="ds-work-cover--clickable js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"swp-splash-paper-cover","attachmentId":41348278,"attachmentType":"pdf"}"><img alt="First page of “The Beauties of Kashmir: Nila Gupta's Representations of War from a Distance”" class="ds-work-cover--cover-thumbnail" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/41348278/mini_magick20190219-28071-15m7imw.png?1550603903" /><img alt="PDF Icon" class="ds-work-cover--file-icon" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/single_work_splash/adobe_icon.svg" /><div class="ds-work-cover--hover-container"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span><p>Download Free PDF</p></div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-container">Download Free PDF</div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-triangle"></div></button></div></div></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-information"><h1 class="ds-work-card--work-title">The Beauties of Kashmir: Nila Gupta's Representations of War from a Distance</h1><div class="ds-work-card--work-authors ds-work-card--detail"><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="36738433" href="https://uvigo.academia.edu/BelenMartinLucas"><img alt="Profile image of Belen Martin-Lucas" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/36738433/10606466/11838861/s65_belen.martin-lucas.jpg" />Belen Martin-Lucas</a></div><div class="ds-work-card--detail"><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata"><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">visibility</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm" id="work-metadata-view-count">…</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">description</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">24 pages</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">link</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">1 file</p></div></div><script>(async () => { const workId = 17731030; 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Born and raised in Canada, Gupta has a diasporic perspective and a feminist political stance that values women's solidarity and political involvement across borders. Her short stories explore the feminist thesis that the sexual crimes committed against girls and women at times of conflict are a direct consequence of the appropriation of women's bodies for symbolic uses within the dialectics of patriarchal nationalisms. However, her stories' restrained style and their publication in a small activist press preclude easy commodification in a global market avid for narratives of ethnic violence. By reading Gupta's creative texts in relation to academic studies of communal sexual violence and nationalism, humanitarian reports on refugees and gendered violence and journalistic accounts of the conflict, this essay attempts to assess the power of literature to offer nuanced and complex representations of violent conflict and its consequences. Special attention is paid to the representation of life in the officially designated ‘migrant camps’, to the difficult issue of the social stigmatization of rape victims and to the many ways in which women are implicated.</p><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--work-card","attachmentId":41348278,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/17731030/The_Beauties_of_Kashmir_Nila_Guptas_Representations_of_War_from_a_Distance"}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--work-card","attachmentId":41348278,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/17731030/The_Beauties_of_Kashmir_Nila_Guptas_Representations_of_War_from_a_Distance"}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-trigger-container"><div class="ds-signup-banner-trigger ds-signup-banner-trigger-control"></div></div><div class="ds-signup-banner ds-signup-banner-control"><div id="ds-signup-banner-close-button"><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary ds2-5-button--inverse"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">close</span></button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-ctas"><img src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/academia-logo-capital-white.svg" /><h4 class="ds2-5-heading-serif-sm">Sign up for access to the world's latest research</h4><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--inverse ds2-5-button--full-width js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"signup-banner"}">Sign up for free<span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">arrow_forward</span></button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-divider"></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons"><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Get notified about relevant papers</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Save papers to use in your research</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Join the discussion with peers</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Track your impact</span></div></div></div><script>(() => { // Set up signup banner show/hide behavior: // 1. 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Gayatri</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Throughout the essay, we have engaged with the history of violence in Kashmir from an insider standpoint, true to the memory of women entangled in its violence, and we have observed an entry point that marks the outsider interventions of the performers. Witnessing violence in Kashmir and tracing its history makes it clear that the ‘difference’ in our perceptions of it seems to colour our observations. We see how women, whose bodies have undergone violent state practices have rejected the way the state sought to form them. The deliberation is upon the transnational possibility of feminist solidarity while taking into account that women seek to intertwine their struggles for gender justice with causes of national liberation. In reflecting on our positions as insider and outsider to the Kashmir violence we became aware of some of the difficulties in seeking a feminist solidarity through difference. This paper is published as part of the book, here is the link; https://www.amazon.com/Gendered-Citizenship-Manifestations-Contemporary-InterActions/dp/3319590928</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Sexuate Agency and Relationality in Witnessing Kashmir Violence","attachmentId":52847457,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/32679220/Sexuate_Agency_and_Relationality_in_Witnessing_Kashmir_Violence","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/32679220/Sexuate_Agency_and_Relationality_in_Witnessing_Kashmir_Violence"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="99228283" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/99228283/Feminine_Oppression_A_Study_of_the_Conflict_in_Kashmir">Feminine Oppression: A Study of the Conflict in Kashmir</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="58562333" href="https://independent.academia.edu/NAIKBASIT">BASIT NAIK</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">International Journal of Indian Psychology, 2015</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Kashmir predicament is not merely the problem of men but women are more pretentious as compared to men. The Kashmir crisis started after the British withdrew from the Indian subcontinent in 1947, but real chaos started from 1989 onwards. This paper will analyze the varied atrocities and assorted extent of violence committed against women from 1989 to 2011. Violence against women (VAW) was not acknowledged as a human rights violation by the domestic and international community for a number of years. It was first addressed at the United Nations Nairobi conference in 1985. Women have been subjugated in Kashmir from last two decades by Security forces. Hundreds of victims were raped, tortured and murdered in reprisal attacks. Violence against women in valley exists in various forms. They are often beaten, mutilated, burned, sexually abused and raped. Such violence is a major obstacle in achieving peace and harmony in the state.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Feminine Oppression: A Study of the Conflict in Kashmir","attachmentId":100372754,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/99228283/Feminine_Oppression_A_Study_of_the_Conflict_in_Kashmir","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/99228283/Feminine_Oppression_A_Study_of_the_Conflict_in_Kashmir"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="3" data-entity-id="73003918" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/73003918/Demystifying_Women_s_Role_in_the_Resistance_Politics_of_Kashmir">Demystifying Women’s Role in the Resistance Politics of Kashmir</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="2896705" href="https://southasianuniversity.academia.edu/EesarMehdi">Syed Eesar Mehdi</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Essay, 2021</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Women are frequently stereotyped in histories of armed conﬂict; an emphasis on their vulnerability gives them visibility mainly as the victims of violence, and does not acknowledge their agency. Though the victimization of women is a reality in any conﬂict, the one-sided emphasis on this portrays women in a severely limited way. This is true in the case of literature regarding the conﬂict in the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir; women have repeatedly been represented as victims of conﬂict, but seldom recognized as political agents. As a result, women’s agency in the resistance politics of Kashmir has been historically overlooked by the majority of scholarship on the conﬂict as well as by the parties to the conﬂict. By contrast, the three books under review here provide a refreshing and even-handed assessment of Kashmiri women’s multifaceted roles in resistance politics, collectively arguing that women in Kashmir have not been merely accidental victims of violence, but have historically resisted the Indian occupation in a range of diﬀerent ways. It is precisely in this respect that the books are a valuable addition to the existing literature on the history of conﬂict in this region, as together they show both the depth and breadth of women’s contributions to the cause of azadi (the demand for the right to self-determination).</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Demystifying Women’s Role in the Resistance Politics of Kashmir","attachmentId":81699028,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/73003918/Demystifying_Women_s_Role_in_the_Resistance_Politics_of_Kashmir","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/73003918/Demystifying_Women_s_Role_in_the_Resistance_Politics_of_Kashmir"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="19514422" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/19514422/Imaginations_of_Self_and_Nation_Women_in_the_Kashmiri_Armed_Struggle">Imaginations of Self and Nation; Women in the Kashmiri Armed Struggle</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="5493469" href="https://newvision.academia.edu/InshahMalik">Inshah Malik</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">This paper aims to interpret construction of the self and struggles of nationhood of some Muslim women in Kashmir's resistance movement against Indian control , focusing on the phase of the armed struggle in the 1980s. It argues that they have been continually refashioning their notions of self and notions of just and free political community, and have cast themselves in religious -cultural terms to suit the needs of the movement. Muslim women with an active role in the armed struggle underwent a process of self-constitution in the processes of engagement with their immediate social and political context. There are women with a Muslim identity, who may or may not be practising Muslims when they intervene in political action. Yet, they were invariably cast in religious -cultural terms, forgetting that they have challenged both the Indian state and its patriarchy of militarism, alongside that within their own community.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Imaginations of Self and Nation; Women in the Kashmiri Armed Struggle","attachmentId":40663799,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/19514422/Imaginations_of_Self_and_Nation_Women_in_the_Kashmiri_Armed_Struggle","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/19514422/Imaginations_of_Self_and_Nation_Women_in_the_Kashmiri_Armed_Struggle"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="109999728" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/109999728/Embodying_Azadi_Conscious_and_Unconscious_Womanhood_in_Indian_occupied_Kashmir">Embodying Azadi: Conscious and Unconscious Womanhood in Indian occupied Kashmir</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="5493469" href="https://newvision.academia.edu/InshahMalik">Inshah Malik</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">This personal essay documents an intimate process of self-examination triggered by the 2019 annexation of Jammu & Kashmir through the removal of Article 370 of the Indian constitution by India’s Modi-led government. Drawing on Carl Jung’s analytical psychology as explored in his 1916 work on the psychology of the unconscious, I engage in an exploration of self by connecting it to the Kashmiri collective unconscious. Informed by Sufism (Islamic mysticism), daleel wanen (story-telling), Zindagi hund tajrube (lived experiences), and Zindagi hinz dastan (life narratives), I show how the collective unconscious of Kashmir holds embodied refusals and reclamations. Exploring the “unconscious” offers insights into what Jung calls the common “bond of desire and longing.” For Jung, these deep-rooted aspects of human nature connect individuals at a profound level, crafting a collective unconscious of humanity—containing memories, experiences, and symbols common to all humans across time and cultures. In this essay, I do not look at his work strictly from a psychological perspective, but I aim to explore the notion of bodily refusals. What role does the unconscious play in reclaiming coherent self-knowledge under cataclysmic political upheavals? Do such events induce “non-being” through undemocratic imperial statecraft, violent militarization, and extermination? What does such induced “non-being” mean for a Kashmiri feminist political theorist rooted in such an inheritance? Living far from Kashmir, I piece together memories triggered by the 2019 annexation and how it blurred lines between home and academic study. I grew up in the political community of downtown Srinagar, the heartland of rebellion against Indian rule. I explore my own self-construction by relaying and reviewing the lives of kin and community members who embodied, performed, and improvised womanhood. I reflect on my childhood and adolescence during different political periods, in different contexts, and intergenerationally, to explore how Kashmiri womanhood is entangled with the collective unconscious to reveal a site of decolonial praxis and knowledge generation. I review the inter-relational life of my mother (mae), my maternal grandmother (Bobe), and especially my paternal grandmother (Raje or Dadi) as templates of womanhood in the Muslim matriarchal cultures of Kashmir. I also map manhood relationally, as depicted by encounters with men in my life—my father (Abu), brother (Boi), a medic (Muzafer), various counterinsurgents and Indian Army soldiers. As figures, each offers a relational understanding of self, morality, and virtues that shaped my character. Exploring these daleels (stories), I underscore the violence of “nonbeing” and show how it is being resisted through the dialectical experience of Kashmiri womanhood.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Embodying Azadi: Conscious and Unconscious Womanhood in Indian occupied Kashmir","attachmentId":117982592,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/109999728/Embodying_Azadi_Conscious_and_Unconscious_Womanhood_in_Indian_occupied_Kashmir","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/109999728/Embodying_Azadi_Conscious_and_Unconscious_Womanhood_in_Indian_occupied_Kashmir"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="117114921" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/117114921/CONFLICT_AND_WOMEN_IN_JAMMU_AND_KASHMIR_A_STUDY_OF_SELECTED_SHORT_STORIES_FROM_SHAHNAZ_BASHIRS_SCATTERED_SOULS">CONFLICT AND WOMEN IN JAMMU AND KASHMIR: A STUDY OF SELECTED SHORT STORIES FROM SHAHNAZ BASHIR'S SCATTERED SOULS</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="94818567" href="https://amity.academia.edu/AsmaChishti">Asma Chishti</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Jammu and Kashmir have been a disputed territory between India and Pakistan since the sub-continent partition in 1947. The history of any conflict zone is filled with ambiguous, gloomy and unresolved stories that are the outcome of violence. Such conflict zone violence has severe results on the common masses, who are the silent victims of such conflict. The period of '1990s was the most horrendous in Kashmir when insurgency was at its peak. The sufferings and brutalities evoked literary writings where the indigenous writers tell the painful past from the suppressed people's perspectives, which are otherwise not recorded in the nationalist narratives. Women are the silent sufferers of any conflict, and women in Kashmir are the most victimized. Over the last three decades, the Kashmiri women have undergone severe trauma; their sons have been killed, their children orphaned, husbands disappeared. This paper attempts to analyze selected short stories from Shahnaz Bashir's Scattered souls where he retells and recounts pathos and loss of women caught up in the conflict of Kashmir. These narratives are recorded as history seen and experienced by Kashmir's who have been silenced and marginalized.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"CONFLICT AND WOMEN IN JAMMU AND KASHMIR: A STUDY OF SELECTED SHORT STORIES FROM SHAHNAZ BASHIR'S SCATTERED SOULS","attachmentId":113058274,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/117114921/CONFLICT_AND_WOMEN_IN_JAMMU_AND_KASHMIR_A_STUDY_OF_SELECTED_SHORT_STORIES_FROM_SHAHNAZ_BASHIRS_SCATTERED_SOULS","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/117114921/CONFLICT_AND_WOMEN_IN_JAMMU_AND_KASHMIR_A_STUDY_OF_SELECTED_SHORT_STORIES_FROM_SHAHNAZ_BASHIRS_SCATTERED_SOULS"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="108790486" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/108790486/Narrative_Ideology_and_Repercussions_Representation_of_the_Kashmir_Conflict_in_Modern_Literature">Narrative Ideology and Repercussions: Representation of the Kashmir Conflict in Modern Literature</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="53579919" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ShouketTilwani">Shouket Tilwani</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">World Journal of English Language</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The research aims to explore the Kashmir conflict that has fractured the lives of the Kashmiri people. In the current times, the Kashmir conflict has been remarkably engaging literate circles all over the world. The conflict has been in the news worldwide for the last three decades because it may cause modern-day warfare betweenIndia, Pakistan, and China. Hence, people all over the world want to know about the situation in the region. The historical, sociological, and moral approaches by Wilbur Stewart Scott are used to grasp the context of the selected novelsThe Collaborator (2012) and Book of Gold Leaves (2015). Mirza Waheed, as an eyewitness, sketched the novels on the sufferings of Kashmiris, engaging daily with a god of death because of the conflictual situation. This situation has been routined since the invasion and occupation of the land by the three nuclear armament-holding neighbors, India, Pakistan, and China, immediately after the emancipation of the first two from their...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Narrative Ideology and Repercussions: Representation of the Kashmir Conflict in Modern Literature","attachmentId":107086610,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/108790486/Narrative_Ideology_and_Repercussions_Representation_of_the_Kashmir_Conflict_in_Modern_Literature","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/108790486/Narrative_Ideology_and_Repercussions_Representation_of_the_Kashmir_Conflict_in_Modern_Literature"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="20791092" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/20791092/Review_of_Cabeiri_DeBergh_Robinsons_Body_of_Victim_Body_of_Warrior_Refugee_Families_and_the_Making_of_Kashmiri_Jihadists_California_University_of_California_Press">Review of Cabeiri DeBergh Robinson's 'Body of Victim, Body of Warrior: Refugee Families and the Making of Kashmiri Jihadists', California: University of California Press</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="41950820" href="https://southasianuniversity.academia.edu/AnkurDatta">Ankur Datta</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Review of Cabeiri DeBergh Robinson's 'Body of Victim, Body of Warrior: Refugee Families and the Making of Kashmiri Jihadists', California: University of California Press","attachmentId":41563673,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/20791092/Review_of_Cabeiri_DeBergh_Robinsons_Body_of_Victim_Body_of_Warrior_Refugee_Families_and_the_Making_of_Kashmiri_Jihadists_California_University_of_California_Press","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/20791092/Review_of_Cabeiri_DeBergh_Robinsons_Body_of_Victim_Body_of_Warrior_Refugee_Families_and_the_Making_of_Kashmiri_Jihadists_California_University_of_California_Press"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="124843439" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/124843439/The_Weaponization_of_Sexual_Violence_in_the_Kashmir_Conflict">The Weaponization of Sexual Violence in the Kashmir Conflict</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="52207017" href="https://du-in.academia.edu/SoumyadeepNeogi">Soumyadeep Neogi</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), 2021</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Sexual violence on women has been a regular feature of warfare throughout human history. In both civil and international armed conflicts, sexual violence has been perpetrated on women in the form of rapes, sexual slavery, molestations and forced pregnancies. While the perpetrators are men from groups like state forces, political and insurgent groups, the victims are women from the largely non-combatant civil society. Such offences cause immense psychological, physical and emotional trauma in the victims, their families and their societies. Yet despite the increased awareness of these negative impacts and its widespread global condemnations, sexual violence has still largely remained prevalent in modern conflicts and has been regarded as an unavoidable consequence of any conflict. Recent studies, interrogating the causes behind these offences, have been mostly limited to feminist socio-cultural perspectives that stress on the influence of patriarchal gender identities. However, the systematic patterns of sexual crimes in recent conflicts also point to other vital factors and some scholars have highlighted how sexual violence is willingly committed in conflicts by the combatants to achieve specific political and strategic objectives and influence the outcome of the conflict in their favor. Additional research is crucial to identify how and why sexual violence is strategically used and weaponized in conflicts. This paper seeks to contribute in this regard by analysing the significance of sexual violence in the Kashmir conflict. By using data from oral and literary narratives, this paper explores the impact of sexual offences in Kashmir and makes the argument that sexual violence, particularly rape, was used as a deliberate, intentional strategic weapon of war in the Kashmir conflict for securing political objectives.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The Weaponization of Sexual Violence in the Kashmir Conflict","attachmentId":118994434,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/124843439/The_Weaponization_of_Sexual_Violence_in_the_Kashmir_Conflict","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/124843439/The_Weaponization_of_Sexual_Violence_in_the_Kashmir_Conflict"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--wrapper js-loswp-sticky-ctas hidden"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--grid-container"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":41348278,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":41348278,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div><div class="ds-below-fold--grid-container"><div class="ds-work--container js-loswp-embedded-document"><div class="attachment_preview" data-attachment="Attachment_41348278" style="display: none"><div class="js-scribd-document-container"><div class="scribd--document-loading js-scribd-document-loader" style="display: block;"><img alt="Loading..." src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/loaders/paper-load.gif" /><p>Loading Preview</p></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="scribd--no-preview-alert js-preview-unavailable"><p>Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. You can download the paper by clicking the button above.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sidebar--container js-work-sidebar"><div class="ds-related-content--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="42129133" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/42129133/Review_of_Resisting_Disappearance_Military_Occupation_and_Womens_Activism_in_Kashmir_by_Ather_Zia_2019_">Review of 'Resisting Disappearance: Military Occupation and Women's Activism in Kashmir' by Ather Zia (2019)</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="587620" href="https://azimpremjiuniversity.academia.edu/SarbaniSharma">Sarbani Sharma</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Seminar, 2020</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Review of 'Resisting Disappearance: Military Occupation and Women's Activism in Kashmir' by Ather Zia (2019)","attachmentId":62264093,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/42129133/Review_of_Resisting_Disappearance_Military_Occupation_and_Womens_Activism_in_Kashmir_by_Ather_Zia_2019_","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/42129133/Review_of_Resisting_Disappearance_Military_Occupation_and_Womens_Activism_in_Kashmir_by_Ather_Zia_2019_"><span 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href="https://sgtuniversity.academia.edu/ProfDrWaheedaKhan">Prof. (Dr.) Waheeda Khan</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Conflict and gendered representations of exposure to violence: The case of women in Kashmir","attachmentId":35052270,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/8699948/Conflict_and_gendered_representations_of_exposure_to_violence_The_case_of_women_in_Kashmir","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/8699948/Conflict_and_gendered_representations_of_exposure_to_violence_The_case_of_women_in_Kashmir"><span 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