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레프 란다우 - 위키백과, 우리 모두의 백과사전

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class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><!-- CentralNotice --></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="사이트"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="목차" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">목차</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">사이드바로 이동</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">숨기기</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">처음 위치</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-생애" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#생애"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>생애</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-생애-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>생애 하위섹션 토글하기</span> </button> <ul id="toc-생애-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-초년" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#초년"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>초년</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-초년-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-레닌그라드와_유럽" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#레닌그라드와_유럽"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>레닌그라드와 유럽</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-레닌그라드와_유럽-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-국립_과학_센터_하르키우_물리학_및_기술연구소" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#국립_과학_센터_하르키우_물리학_및_기술연구소"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>국립 과학 센터 하르키우 물리학 및 기술연구소</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-국립_과학_센터_하르키우_물리학_및_기술연구소-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-물리학_문제_연구소,_모스크바" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#물리학_문제_연구소,_모스크바"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>물리학 문제 연구소, 모스크바</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-물리학_문제_연구소,_모스크바-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-과학적_업적" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#과학적_업적"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>과학적 업적</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-과학적_업적-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-개인적_생활과_견해" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#개인적_생활과_견해"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>개인적 생활과 견해</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-개인적_생활과_견해-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-말년" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#말년"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.7</span> <span>말년</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-말년-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-사망" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#사망"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.8</span> <span>사망</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-사망-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-업적_분야" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#업적_분야"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>업적 분야</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-업적_분야-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>업적 분야 하위섹션 토글하기</span> </button> <ul id="toc-업적_분야-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-교육" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#교육"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>교육</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-교육-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-유산" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#유산"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>유산</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-유산-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-란다우의_물리학자_순위" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#란다우의_물리학자_순위"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>란다우의 물리학자 순위</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-란다우의_물리학자_순위-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-대중문화에서" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#대중문화에서"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>대중문화에서</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-대중문화에서-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-저술" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#저술"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>저술</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-저술-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>저술 하위섹션 토글하기</span> </button> <ul id="toc-저술-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Course_of_Theoretical_Physics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Course_of_Theoretical_Physics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span><i>Course of Theoretical Physics</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Course_of_Theoretical_Physics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-기타" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#기타"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>기타</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-기타-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-같이_보기" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#같이_보기"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>같이 보기</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-같이_보기-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-각주" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#각주"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>각주</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-각주-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-추가_자료" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#추가_자료"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>추가 자료</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-추가_자료-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>추가 자료 하위섹션 토글하기</span> </button> <ul id="toc-추가_자료-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-서적" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#서적"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>서적</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-서적-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-소논문" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#소논문"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.2</span> <span>소논문</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-소논문-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-외부_링크" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#외부_링크"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>외부 링크</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-외부_링크-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="목차" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="목차 토글" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">목차 토글</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">레프 란다우</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="다른 언어로 문서를 방문합니다. 86개 언어로 읽을 수 있습니다" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-86" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">86개 언어</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%81_%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%88" title="ليف لانداو – 아랍어" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ليف لانداو" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="아랍어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%81_%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%88" title="ليف لانداو – 이집트 아랍어" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ليف لانداو" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="이집트 아랍어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%87%27%E0%A6%AD_%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A3%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%89" title="লে&#039;ভ লাণ্ডাউ – 아삼어" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="লে&#039;ভ লাণ্ডাউ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="아삼어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lev_Land%C3%A1u" title="Lev Landáu – 아스투리아어" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Lev Landáu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="아스투리아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lev_Landau" title="Lev Landau – 아제르바이잔어" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Lev Landau" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="아제르바이잔어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88_%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%88" title="لو لانداو – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="لو لانداو" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%83_%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B2_%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87" title="Ландау Лев Давидович – 바슈키르어" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Ландау Лев Давидович" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="바슈키르어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D1%9E_%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%87_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%83" title="Леў Давідавіч Ландау – 벨라루스어" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Леў Давідавіч Ландау" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="벨라루스어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D1%9E_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%9E" title="Леў Ландаў – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Леў Ландаў" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B2_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%83" title="Лев Ландау – 불가리아어" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Лев Ландау" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="불가리아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AD_%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%89" title="ল্যেভ লান্দাউ – 벵골어" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ল্যেভ লান্দাউ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="벵골어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lev_Landau" title="Lev Landau – 보스니아어" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Lev Landau" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="보스니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lev_Landau" title="Lev Landau – 카탈로니아어" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Lev Landau" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="카탈로니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lev_Davidovi%C4%8D_Landau" title="Lev Davidovič Landau – 체코어" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Lev Davidovič Landau" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="체코어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%83_%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B2_%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87" title="Ландау Лев Давидович – 추바시어" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Ландау Лев Давидович" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="추바시어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lev_Landau" title="Lev Landau – 덴마크어" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Lev Landau" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="덴마크어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lew_Dawidowitsch_Landau" title="Lew Dawidowitsch Landau – 독일어" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Lew Dawidowitsch Landau" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="독일어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9B%CE%B5%CE%B2_%CE%9B%CE%B1%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%AC%CE%BF%CF%85" title="Λεβ Λαντάου – 그리스어" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Λεβ Λαντάου" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="그리스어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lev_Landau" title="Lev Landau – 영어" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Lev Landau" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="영어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lev_Landau" title="Lev Landau – 에스페란토어" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Lev Landau" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="에스페란토어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lev_Land%C3%A1u" title="Lev Landáu – 스페인어" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Lev Landáu" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="스페인어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lev_Landau" title="Lev Landau – 에스토니아어" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Lev Landau" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="에스토니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lev_Landau" title="Lev Landau – 바스크어" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Lev Landau" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="바스크어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88_%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%88" title="لو لانداو – 페르시아어" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="لو لانداو" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="페르시아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lev_Landau" title="Lev Landau – 핀란드어" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Lev Landau" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="핀란드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lev_Landau" title="Lev Landau – 프랑스어" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Lev Landau" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="프랑스어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lev_Davidovich_Landau" title="Lev Davidovich Landau – 아일랜드어" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Lev Davidovich Landau" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="아일랜드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lev_Landau" title="Lev Landau – 갈리시아어" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Lev Landau" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="갈리시아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lev_Landau" title="Lev Landau – 하카어" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Lev Landau" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="하카어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9C%D7%91_%D7%9C%D7%A0%D7%93%D7%90%D7%95" title="לב לנדאו – 히브리어" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="לב לנדאו" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="히브리어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B5_%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%8C" title="लेव लाण्डौ – 힌디어" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="लेव लाण्डौ" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="힌디어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lev_Davidovi%C4%8D_Landau" title="Lev Davidovič Landau – 크로아티아어" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Lev Davidovič Landau" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="크로아티아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lev_Davidovich_Landau" title="Lev Davidovich Landau – 아이티어" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Lev Davidovich Landau" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="아이티어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lev_Davidovics_Landau" title="Lev Davidovics Landau – 헝가리어" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Lev Davidovics Landau" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="헝가리어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BC%D6%87_%D4%BC%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A4%D5%A1%D5%B8%D6%82" title="Լև Լանդաու – 아르메니아어" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Լև Լանդաու" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="아르메니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lev_Davidovich_Landau" title="Lev Davidovich Landau – 인도네시아어" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Lev Davidovich Landau" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="인도네시아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lev_Davidovich_Landau" title="Lev Davidovich Landau – 이도어" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Lev Davidovich Landau" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="이도어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lev_Davidovi%C4%8D_Landau" title="Lev Davidovič Landau – 이탈리아어" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Lev Davidovič Landau" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="이탈리아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AC%E3%83%95%E3%83%BB%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%83%80%E3%82%A6" title="レフ・ランダウ – 일본어" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="レフ・ランダウ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="일본어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%95_%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%A3" title="ლევ ლანდაუ – 조지아어" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ლევ ლანდაუ" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="조지아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B2_%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%83" title="Лев Давыдович Ландау – 카자흐어" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Лев Давыдович Ландау" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="카자흐어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%86%E0%B2%B5%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A1%E0%B3%8C" title="ಲೆವ್ ಲ್ಯಾಂಡೌ – 칸나다어" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಲೆವ್ ಲ್ಯಾಂಡೌ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="칸나다어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lev_Landau" title="Lev Landau – 쿠르드어" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Lev Landau" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="쿠르드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B2_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%83" title="Лев Ландау – 키르기스어" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Лев Ландау" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="키르기스어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leo_Landau" title="Leo Landau – 라틴어" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Leo Landau" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="라틴어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lev_Landau" title="Lev Landau – 리투아니아어" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Lev Landau" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="리투아니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%BBevs_Landaus" title="Ļevs Landaus – 라트비아어" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Ļevs Landaus" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="라트비아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lev_Landau" title="Lev Landau – 말라가시어" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Lev Landau" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="말라가시어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B2_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%83" title="Лав Ландау – 마케도니아어" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Лав Ландау" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="마케도니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B2_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%83" title="Лев Ландау – 몽골어" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Лев Ландау" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="몽골어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B9_%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%81%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%89" title="लेव्ह लँडाउ – 마라티어" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="लेव्ह लँडाउ" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="마라티어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lev_Landau" title="Lev Landau – 말레이어" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Lev Landau" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="말레이어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88_%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%88" title="لو لانداو – 마잔데라니어" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="لو لانداو" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="마잔데라니어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AD_%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%89" title="लेभ लान्डाउ – 네와르어" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="लेभ लान्डाउ" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="네와르어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lev_Landau" title="Lev Landau – 네덜란드어" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Lev Landau" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="네덜란드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lev_Landau" title="Lev Landau – 노르웨이어(니노르스크)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Lev Landau" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="노르웨이어(니노르스크)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lev_Landau" title="Lev Landau – 노르웨이어(보크말)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Lev Landau" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="노르웨이어(보크말)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lev_Davidovich_Landau" title="Lev Davidovich Landau – 오크어" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Lev Davidovich Landau" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="오크어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lew_Landau" title="Lew Landau – 폴란드어" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Lew Landau" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="폴란드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%88_%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%A4" title="لیو لنداؤ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="لیو لنداؤ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lev_Landau" title="Lev Landau – 포르투갈어" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Lev Landau" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="포르투갈어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lev_Landau" title="Lev Landau – 루마니아어" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Lev Landau" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="루마니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%83,_%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B2_%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87" title="Ландау, Лев Давидович – 러시아어" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Ландау, Лев Давидович" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="러시아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B5_%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%8C" title="लेव लाण्डौ – 산스크리트어" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="लेव लाण्डौ" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="산스크리트어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lav_Landau" title="Lav Landau – 세르비아-크로아티아어" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Lav Landau" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="세르비아-크로아티아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lev_Landau" title="Lev Landau – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Lev Landau" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lev_Davidovi%C4%8D_Landau" title="Lev Davidovič Landau – 슬로바키아어" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Lev Davidovič Landau" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="슬로바키아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lev_Davidovi%C4%8D_Landau" title="Lev Davidovič Landau – 슬로베니아어" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Lev Davidovič Landau" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="슬로베니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B2_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%83" title="Лав Ландау – 세르비아어" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Лав Ландау" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="세르비아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lev_Landau" title="Lev Landau – 스웨덴어" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Lev Landau" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="스웨덴어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lev_Landau" title="Lev Landau – 스와힐리어" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Lev Landau" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="스와힐리어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%81" title="லேவ் லந்தாவு – 타밀어" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="லேவ் லந்தாவு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="타밀어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B2_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%83" title="Лев Ландау – 타지크어" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Лев Ландау" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="타지크어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%9F_%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B2" title="เลฟ ลันเดา – 태국어" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เลฟ ลันเดา" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="태국어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lev_Landau" title="Lev Landau – 터키어" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Lev Landau" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="터키어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B2_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%83" title="Лев Ландау – 타타르어" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Лев Ландау" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="타타르어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%83_%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B2_%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87" title="Ландау Лев Давидович – 우크라이나어" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Ландау Лев Давидович" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="우크라이나어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%88_%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%88%D8%A7%D8%A4" title="لیو لینڈاؤ – 우르두어" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="لیو لینڈاؤ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="우르두어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lev_Landau" title="Lev Landau – 우즈베크어" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Lev Landau" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="우즈베크어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lev_Davidovich_Landau" title="Lev Davidovich Landau – 베트남어" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Lev Davidovich Landau" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" 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Landau" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="요루바어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%88%97%E5%A4%AB%C2%B7%E6%9C%97%E9%81%93" title="列夫·朗道 – 중국어" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="列夫·朗道" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="중국어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lev_Landau" title="Lev Landau – 민난어" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Lev Landau" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="민난어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%88%97%E5%A4%AB%E6%9C%97%E9%81%93" title="列夫朗道 – 광둥어" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="列夫朗道" 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Sound-icon.svg/20px-Sound-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Sound-icon.svg/30px-Sound-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Sound-icon.svg/40px-Sound-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="96" /></a></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">위키백과, 우리 모두의 백과사전.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ko" dir="ltr"><p><span class="nowrap"></span> </p> <table class="infobox" style="width:22em"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="2"> <div style="background:gainsboro; position:relative; width:300px; height:50px; display:table;"><div style="position:absolute; bottom:0px; right:0;"></div><span style="position:relative; width:100%; display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center; padding:4px;"> <big><big><b>레프 란다우 <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%EB%85%B8%EB%B2%A8%EC%83%81" title="노벨상"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/ko/thumb/e/ed/Nobel_Prize.png/30px-Nobel_Prize.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/ko/thumb/e/ed/Nobel_Prize.png/45px-Nobel_Prize.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/ko/thumb/e/ed/Nobel_Prize.png/60px-Nobel_Prize.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="492" /></a></span></b></big></big><small></small><br /><big>Лев Ландау</big></span></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8C%8C%EC%9D%BC:Landau.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="1962년의 란다우" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Landau.jpg/220px-Landau.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="311" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Landau.jpg/330px-Landau.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Landau.jpg/440px-Landau.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1080" data-file-height="1527" /></a></span><br />1962년의 란다우 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left">출생 </th> <td>1908년 1월 22일<span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1908-01-22</span>)</span><br /><a href="/wiki/%EB%9F%AC%EC%8B%9C%EC%95%84_%EC%A0%9C%EA%B5%AD" title="러시아 제국">러시아 제국</a> <a href="/wiki/%EB%B0%94%EC%BF%A0" title="바쿠">바쿠</a><br />(현재의 <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%84%EC%A0%9C%EB%A5%B4%EB%B0%94%EC%9D%B4%EC%9E%94" title="아제르바이잔">아제르바이잔</a> <a href="/wiki/%EB%B0%94%EC%BF%A0" title="바쿠">바쿠</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left">사망 </th> <td>1968년 4월 1일<span style="display:none">(<span class="dday deathdate">1968-04-01</span>)</span>(60세)<br /><a href="/wiki/%EB%9F%AC%EC%8B%9C%EC%95%84_%EC%86%8C%EB%B9%84%EC%97%90%ED%8A%B8_%EC%97%B0%EB%B0%A9_%EC%82%AC%ED%9A%8C%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98_%EA%B3%B5%ED%99%94%EA%B5%AD" title="러시아 소비에트 연방 사회주의 공화국">소비에트 연방</a> <a href="/wiki/%EB%AA%A8%EC%8A%A4%ED%81%AC%EB%B0%94" title="모스크바">모스크바</a><br />(현재의 <a href="/wiki/%EB%9F%AC%EC%8B%9C%EC%95%84" title="러시아">러시아</a> <a href="/wiki/%EB%AA%A8%EC%8A%A4%ED%81%AC%EB%B0%94" title="모스크바">모스크바</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left">안식처 </th> <td>모스크바 <a href="/wiki/%EB%85%B8%EB%B3%B4%EB%8D%B0%EB%B9%84%EC%B9%98_%EB%AC%98%EC%A7%80" title="노보데비치 묘지">노보데비치 묘지</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left">출신 학교 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/%EB%B0%94%EC%BF%A0_%EA%B5%AD%EB%A6%BD_%EB%8C%80%ED%95%99%EA%B5%90" title="바쿠 국립 대학교">바쿠 국립 대학교</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left">주요 업적 </th> <td><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>목록</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landau_damping" class="extiw" title="w:Landau damping">란다우 감쇠</a><br /> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landau_distribution" class="extiw" title="w:Landau distribution">란다우 분포</a><br /> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gauge_fixing" class="extiw" title="w:Gauge fixing">란다우 게이지</a><br /> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landau_pole" class="extiw" title="w:Landau pole">란다우 극</a><br /> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diamagnetism" class="extiw" title="w:Diamagnetism">란다우 자화율</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/%ED%81%B0_%ED%8D%BC%ED%85%90%EC%85%9C" title="큰 퍼텐셜">란다우 퍼텐셜</a><br /> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landau_quantization" class="extiw" title="w:Landau quantization">란다우 양자화</a><br /> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermi_liquid_theory" class="extiw" title="w:Fermi liquid theory">란다우의 페르미 액체 이론</a><br /> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landau_theory" class="extiw" title="w:Landau theory">란다우의 상전이 이론</a><br /> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landau%E2%80%93Squire_jet" class="extiw" title="w:Landau–Squire jet">란다우-스콰이어 제트</a><br /> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landau%E2%80%93Levich_problem" class="extiw" title="w:Landau–Levich problem">란다우-레비치 문제</a><br /> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stuart%E2%80%93Landau_equation" class="extiw" title="w:Stuart–Landau equation">스트와트-란다우 방정식</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/%EA%B8%B4%EC%A6%88%EB%B6%80%EB%A5%B4%ED%81%AC-%EB%9E%80%EB%8B%A4%EC%9A%B0_%EC%9D%B4%EB%A1%A0" title="긴즈부르크-란다우 이론">긴즈부르크-란다우 이론</a><br /> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darrieus%E2%80%93Landau_instability" class="extiw" title="w:Darrieus–Landau instability">다리어스-란다우 불안정성</a><br /> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landau_kinetic_equation" class="extiw" title="w:Landau kinetic equation">란다우 운동학 방정식</a><br /> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raychaudhuri_equation" class="extiw" title="w:Raychaudhuri equation">란다우-라이초두리 방정식</a><br /> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landau%E2%80%93Zener_formula" class="extiw" title="w:Landau–Zener formula">란다우-제너 공식</a><br /> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular_diffusion" class="extiw" title="w:Molecular diffusion">란다우-립시츠 변동 유체역학</a><br /> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landau%E2%80%93Lifshitz_model" class="extiw" title="w:Landau–Lifshitz model">란다우-립시츠 모형</a><br /> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landau%E2%80%93Lifshitz_pseudotensor" class="extiw" title="w:Landau–Lifshitz pseudotensor">란다우-립시츠 유사텐서</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/%EB%9E%80%EB%8B%A4%EC%9A%B0-%EB%A6%BD%EC%8B%9C%EC%B8%A0-%EA%B8%B8%EB%B2%84%ED%8A%B8_%EB%B0%A9%EC%A0%95%EC%8B%9D" title="란다우-립시츠-길버트 방정식">란다우-립시츠-길버트 방정식</a><br /> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landau%E2%80%93Pomeranchuk%E2%80%93Migdal_effec" class="extiw" title="w:Landau–Pomeranchuk–Migdal effec">란다우-포메란추크-미그달 효과</a><br /> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landau%E2%80%93Placzek_ratio" class="extiw" title="w:Landau–Placzek ratio">란다우-플라체크 비율</a><br /> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landau%E2%80%93Yang_theorem" class="extiw" title="w:Landau–Yang theorem">란다우-양 정리</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/S%ED%96%89%EB%A0%AC_%EC%9D%B4%EB%A1%A0" title="S행렬 이론">S행렬 이론</a>(란다우 원리)<br /> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landau%E2%80%93Hopf_theory_of_turbulence" class="extiw" title="w:Landau–Hopf theory of turbulence">란다우-호프 난류 이론</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/%EB%B0%80%EB%8F%84_%ED%96%89%EB%A0%AC" title="밀도 행렬">밀도 행렬</a><br /> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DLVO_theory" class="extiw" title="w:DLVO theory">DLVO 이론</a><br /> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_quantum_system" class="extiw" title="w:Open quantum system">열린 양자 시스템</a><br /> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polaron" class="extiw" title="w:Polaron">폴라론</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/%EB%A1%9C%ED%86%A4" title="로톤">로톤</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/%EC%B4%88%EC%9C%A0%EC%B2%B4" title="초유체">초유체</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/%EC%B4%88%EC%A0%84%EB%8F%84" class="mw-redirect" title="초전도">초전도</a><br /> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Course_of_Theoretical_Physics" class="extiw" title="w:Course of Theoretical Physics">《이론물리학의 과정》</a><br /> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_hydrodynamics" class="extiw" title="w:Quantum hydrodynamics">양자 유체역학</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/%EC%A4%80%EC%9E%85%EC%9E%90" title="준입자">준입자</a><br /> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zero_sound" class="extiw" title="w:Zero sound">제로 음향</a> </li></ul> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left">배우자 </th> <td>K. T. 드로반제바 (결혼 1937) (1908–1984) </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left">자녀 </th> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left">수상 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/%EC%8A%A4%ED%83%88%EB%A6%B0%EC%83%81" class="mw-redirect" title="스탈린상">스탈린상</a> (1949) <br /> <a href="/wiki/%ED%94%8C%EB%9E%91%ED%81%AC_%EB%A9%94%EB%8B%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="플랑크 메달">플랑크 메달</a> (1960) <br /> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Fritz_London_Memorial_Prizes" class="extiw" title="w:List of Fritz London Memorial Prizes">프리츠 런던 기념상</a> (1960)<br /> <a href="/wiki/%EB%85%B8%EB%B2%A8_%EB%AC%BC%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%99%EC%83%81" title="노벨 물리학상">노벨 물리학상</a> (1962) </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><b>과학적 경력</b> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left">분야 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EB%A1%A0%EB%AC%BC%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%99" title="이론물리학">이론물리학</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left">소속 </th> <td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kharkiv_Polytechnic_Institute" class="extiw" title="w:Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute">하르키우 폴리테크닉 대학교</a><br /> <p><a href="/wiki/%ED%95%98%EB%A5%B4%ED%82%A4%EC%9A%B0_%EB%8C%80%ED%95%99%EA%B5%90" title="하르키우 대학교">하르키우 대학교</a><br />(현재의 <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kharkiv_Institute_of_Physics_and_Technology" class="extiw" title="w:Kharkiv Institute of Physics and Technology">하르키우 물리학 및 공과대학교</a>)<br /> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institute_for_Physical_Problems" class="extiw" title="w:Institute for Physical Problems">물리학 문제 연구소</a> (<a href="/wiki/%EB%9F%AC%EC%8B%9C%EC%95%84_%EA%B3%BC%ED%95%99_%EC%95%84%EC%B9%B4%EB%8D%B0%EB%AF%B8" title="러시아 과학 아카데미">RAS</a>)<br /><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MSU_Faculty_of_Physics" class="extiw" title="w:MSU Faculty of Physics">모스크바 국립 대학교 물리학부</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left">박사 지도교수 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/%EB%8B%90%EC%8A%A4_%EB%B3%B4%EC%96%B4" title="닐스 보어">닐스 보어</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left">박사 지도학생 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/%EC%95%8C%EB%A0%89%EC%84%B8%EC%9D%B4_%EC%95%8C%EB%A0%89%EC%84%B8%EC%98%88%EB%B9%84%EC%B9%98_%EC%95%84%EB%B8%8C%EB%A6%AC%EC%BD%94%EC%86%8C%ED%94%84" title="알렉세이 알렉세예비치 아브리코소프">알렉세이 아브리코소프</a><br /><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aleksandr_Akhiezer" class="extiw" title="w:Aleksandr Akhiezer">알렉산더 아키에제르</a><br /><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Igor_Dzyaloshinskii" class="extiw" title="w:Igor Dzyaloshinskii">이고르 자알로신스키</a><br /><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lev_Gor%27kov" class="extiw" title="w:Lev Gor&#39;kov">레프 고르코프</a><br /><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isaak_Khalatnikov" class="extiw" title="w:Isaak Khalatnikov">이삭 칼라트니코프</a><br /><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lev_Pitaevskii" class="extiw" title="w:Lev Pitaevskii">레프 피타예프스키</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left">유명한 학생 </th> <td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evgeny_Lifshitz" class="extiw" title="w:Evgeny Lifshitz">예프게니 립시츠</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>레프 다비도비치 란다우</b>(<span style="font-size: smaller;"><a href="/wiki/%EB%9F%AC%EC%8B%9C%EC%95%84%EC%96%B4" title="러시아어">러시아어</a>&#58; </span><span lang="ru">Лев Дави́дович Ланда́у</span>, <span title="IPA 발음" class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa">[lʲɛv dɐ'vidəvʲit͡ɕ lɐn'daʊ]</span>; 1908년 1월 22일 - 1968년 4월 1일)는 <a href="/wiki/%EC%86%8C%EB%A0%A8" title="소련">소련</a> <a href="/wiki/%EB%AC%BC%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%99%EC%9E%90" title="물리학자">물리학자</a>이다. <a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EB%A1%A0%EB%AC%BC%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%99" title="이론물리학">이론물리학</a>의 다양한 분야에 걸쳐서 근본적인 공헌을 했다.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>그의 업적은 <a href="/wiki/%EC%96%91%EC%9E%90%EC%97%AD%ED%95%99" title="양자역학">양자역학</a>에서 <a href="/wiki/%EB%B0%80%EB%8F%84_%ED%96%89%EB%A0%AC" title="밀도 행렬">밀도 행렬</a> 방법<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-PT_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PT-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>의 독립적인 공동 발견(<a href="/wiki/%EC%A1%B4_%ED%8F%B0_%EB%85%B8%EC%9D%B4%EB%A7%8C" title="존 폰 노이만">존 폰 노이만</a>과 함께), <a href="/wiki/%EB%B0%98%EC%9E%90%EC%84%B1" title="반자성">반자성</a>의 양자역학 이론, <a href="/wiki/%EC%B4%88%EC%9C%A0%EC%B2%B4" title="초유체">초유체</a> 이론, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landau_theory" class="extiw" title="w:Landau theory">이차 상전이</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EA%B8%B4%EC%A6%88%EB%B6%80%EB%A5%B4%ED%81%AC-%EB%9E%80%EB%8B%A4%EC%9A%B0_%EC%9D%B4%EB%A1%A0" title="긴즈부르크-란다우 이론">긴즈부르크-란다우 이론</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermi_liquid" class="extiw" title="w:Fermi liquid">페르미 액체</a> 이론, <a href="/wiki/%ED%94%8C%EB%9D%BC%EC%A6%88%EB%A7%88" class="mw-redirect" title="플라즈마">플라즈마</a> 물리학의 <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landau_damping" class="extiw" title="w:Landau damping">란다우 감쇠</a> 설명, <a href="/wiki/%EC%96%91%EC%9E%90_%EC%A0%84%EA%B8%B0%EC%97%AD%ED%95%99" title="양자 전기역학">양자 전기역학</a>의 <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landau_pole" class="extiw" title="w:Landau pole">란다우 극</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EC%A4%91%EC%84%B1%EB%AF%B8%EC%9E%90" title="중성미자">중성미자</a>의 이성분 이론, <a href="/wiki/S%ED%96%89%EB%A0%AC_%EC%9D%B4%EB%A1%A0" title="S행렬 이론">S행렬 특이점</a>에 대한 란다우 방정식 등을 포함한다.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 그는 2.17K(-270.98&#160;°C) 미만의 온도에서 액체 <a href="/wiki/%ED%97%AC%EB%A5%A8" title="헬륨">헬륨 II</a>의 특성을 설명하는 <a href="/wiki/%EC%B4%88%EC%9C%A0%EC%B2%B4" title="초유체">초유체</a>의 수학적 이론을 개발한 공로로 1962년 <a href="/wiki/%EB%85%B8%EB%B2%A8_%EB%AC%BC%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%99%EC%83%81" title="노벨 물리학상">노벨 물리학상</a>을 받았다.<sup id="cite_ref-frs_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-frs-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="생애"><span id=".EC.83.9D.EC.95.A0"></span>생애</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%A0%88%ED%94%84_%EB%9E%80%EB%8B%A4%EC%9A%B0&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="부분 편집: 생애"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="초년"><span id=".EC.B4.88.EB.85.84"></span>초년</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%A0%88%ED%94%84_%EB%9E%80%EB%8B%A4%EC%9A%B0&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="부분 편집: 초년"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8C%8C%EC%9D%BC:Landau1910.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Landau1910.jpg/170px-Landau1910.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="299" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5e/Landau1910.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="239" data-file-height="420" /></a><figcaption>란다우 가족 (1910년)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8C%8C%EC%9D%BC:Rundyna5.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Rundyna5.jpg/170px-Rundyna5.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="279" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Rundyna5.jpg/255px-Rundyna5.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Rundyna5.jpg/340px-Rundyna5.jpg 2x" data-file-width="366" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>어린 란다우 (1914년)</figcaption></figure> <p>란다우는 1908년 1월 22일 당시 러시아 제국이었던 <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%84%EC%A0%9C%EB%A5%B4%EB%B0%94%EC%9D%B4%EC%9E%94" title="아제르바이잔">아제르바이잔</a>의 <a href="/wiki/%EB%B0%94%EC%BF%A0" title="바쿠">바쿠</a>에서 유대인 부모에서 태어났다.<sup id="cite_ref-frs_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-frs-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 란다우의 아버지 다비드 르보비치 란다우<sub>David Lvovich Landau</sub>는 지역 석유 산업 기술자였으며 그의 어머니 리우보프 베니아미고브나 가르카비-란다우<sub>Lyubov Veniaminovna Garkavi-Landau</sub>는 의사였다. 둘 다 <a href="/wiki/%EB%A7%88%ED%9E%90%EB%A3%8C%EC%9A%B0" title="마힐료우">마힐료우</a>에서 바쿠로 왔고 둘 다 마힐료우 김나지움을 졸업했다.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 수학의 <a href="/wiki/%EC%8B%A0%EB%8F%99" title="신동">신동</a>이었던 그는 12세에 <a href="/wiki/%EB%AF%B8%EB%B6%84" title="미분">미분</a>을, 13세에 <a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%81%EB%B6%84" title="적분">적분</a>을 배웠다. 란다우는 1920년에 13세에 <a href="/wiki/%EA%B9%80%EB%82%98%EC%A7%80%EC%9B%80" title="김나지움">김나지움</a>을 졸업했다. 그의 부모는 그를 대학에 다니기에는 너무 어리다고 생각하여 1년 동안 바쿠 경제 기술학교(Baku Economical Technical School)에 다녔다. 1922년, 14세의 나이로 <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baku_State_University" class="extiw" title="w:Baku State University">바쿠 국립 대학교</a>에 <a href="/wiki/%EC%9E%85%ED%95%99" title="입학">입학</a>하여 물리학 및 수학과(Departments of Physics and Mathematics)와 화학과(Department of Chemistry)의 두 학과에서 동시에 공부했다. 그 후 그는 화학 공부를 그만두었지만 평생 그 분야에 관심을 가졌다. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="레닌그라드와_유럽"><span id=".EB.A0.88.EB.8B.8C.EA.B7.B8.EB.9D.BC.EB.93.9C.EC.99.80_.EC.9C.A0.EB.9F.BD"></span>레닌그라드와 유럽</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%A0%88%ED%94%84_%EB%9E%80%EB%8B%A4%EC%9A%B0&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="부분 편집: 레닌그라드와 유럽"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>1924년에 그는 당시 소비에트 물리학의 중심지인 <a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%AD%EB%A6%BD_%EC%83%81%ED%8A%B8%ED%8E%98%ED%85%8C%EB%A5%B4%EB%B6%80%EB%A5%B4%ED%81%AC_%EB%8C%80%ED%95%99%EA%B5%90" title="국립 상트페테르부르크 대학교">레닌그라드 국립 대학교</a>의 물리학과로 옮겨서 이론물리학 연구에 전념하여 1927년에 졸업했다. 이후 란다우는 레닌그라드에서 대학원 과정에 등록했고, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ioffe_Institute" class="extiw" title="w:Ioffe Institute">레닌그라드 물리-공과대학(Leningrad Physico-Technical Institute)</a>에서 1934년 물리학 및 수학 이학박사 학위를 받았다.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 란다우는 1929년에서 1931년 사이에 소련 정부-<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People%27s_Commissariat_for_Education" class="extiw" title="w:People&#39;s Commissariat for Education">교육 인민 위원회</a>-에서 <a href="/wiki/%EB%A1%9D%ED%8E%A0%EB%9F%AC_%EC%9E%AC%EB%8B%A8" title="록펠러 재단">록펠러 재단</a> 연구비에 의한 여행 지원금으로 처음으로 해외 여행을 할 기회를 얻었다. 그때까지 그는 독일어와 프랑스어에 능통했고 영어로 의사 소통을 할 수 있었다.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 그는 나중에 영어를 향상시키고 덴마크어를 배웠다.<sup id="cite_ref-Bessarab_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bessarab-15"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/%EA%B4%B4%ED%8C%85%EA%B2%90" title="괴팅겐">괴팅겐</a>과 <a href="/wiki/%EB%9D%BC%EC%9D%B4%ED%94%84%EC%B9%98%ED%9E%88" title="라이프치히">라이프치히</a>에 잠시 머물렀다가, 1930년 4월 8일 <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niels_Bohr_Institute" class="extiw" title="w:Niels Bohr Institute">닐스 보어의 이론물리학 연구소</a>에서 일하기 위해 <a href="/wiki/%EC%BD%94%ED%8E%9C%ED%95%98%EA%B2%90" title="코펜하겐">코펜하겐</a>으로 갔다. 그해 5월 3일까지 그곳에 머물렀다. 방문 후, 란다우는 항상 자신을 <a href="/wiki/%EB%8B%90%EC%8A%A4_%EB%B3%B4%EC%96%B4" title="닐스 보어">닐스 보어</a>의 제자로 여겼고 그의 물리학 접근 방식은 보어의 영향을 크게 받았다. 코펜하겐에 체류한 후 그는 <a href="/wiki/%EC%BC%80%EC%9E%84%EB%B8%8C%EB%A6%AC%EC%A7%80" title="케임브리지">케임브리지</a>(1930년 중반)를 방문하여 <a href="/wiki/%ED%8F%B4_%EB%94%94%EB%9E%99" title="폴 디랙">폴 디랙</a>과 함께 작업했고<sup id="cite_ref-Mehra_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mehra-16"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>, 코펜하겐(1930년 9월-11월),<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/%EC%B7%A8%EB%A6%AC%ED%9E%88" title="취리히">취리히</a>(1930년 12월-1931년 1월)에서 <a href="/wiki/%EB%B3%BC%ED%94%84%EA%B0%95_%ED%8C%8C%EC%9A%B8%EB%A6%AC" title="볼프강 파울리">볼프강 파울리</a>와 함께 작업했다.<sup id="cite_ref-Mehra_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mehra-16"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 란다우는 취리히에서 세 번째로 코펜하겐으로 돌아가,<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 1931년 2월 25일부터 3월 19일까지 머물렀다가, 같은 해에 레닌그라드로 돌아왔다.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="국립_과학_센터_하르키우_물리학_및_기술연구소"><span id=".EA.B5.AD.EB.A6.BD_.EA.B3.BC.ED.95.99_.EC.84.BC.ED.84.B0_.ED.95.98.EB.A5.B4.ED.82.A4.EC.9A.B0_.EB.AC.BC.EB.A6.AC.ED.95.99_.EB.B0.8F_.EA.B8.B0.EC.88.A0.EC.97.B0.EA.B5.AC.EC.86.8C"></span>국립 과학 센터 하르키우 물리학 및 기술연구소</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%A0%88%ED%94%84_%EB%9E%80%EB%8B%A4%EC%9A%B0&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="부분 편집: 국립 과학 센터 하르키우 물리학 및 기술연구소"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>1932년에서 1937년 사이에 란다우는 국립 과학 센터 <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kharkiv_Institute_of_Physics_and_Technology" class="extiw" title="w:Kharkiv Institute of Physics and Technology">하르키우 물리학 및 기술연구소(Kharkiv Institute of Physics and Technology)</a>의 이론물리학과를 이끌었고 <a href="/wiki/%ED%95%98%EB%A5%B4%ED%82%A4%EC%9A%B0_%EB%8C%80%ED%95%99%EA%B5%90" title="하르키우 대학교">하르키우 대학교</a>와 <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kharkiv_Polytechnic_Institute" class="extiw" title="w:Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute">하르키우 폴리테크닉 대학교(Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute)</a>에서 강의했다. 그의 이론적 업적 외에도 란다우는 "란다우 학교"라고도 불리는 <a href="/wiki/%EC%9A%B0%ED%81%AC%EB%9D%BC%EC%9D%B4%EB%82%98" title="우크라이나">우크라이나</a> <a href="/wiki/%ED%95%98%EB%A5%B4%ED%82%A4%EC%9A%B0" title="하르키우">하르키우</a>에서 이론물리학의 위대한 전통의 주요 설립자였다. 하르키우에서 그와 그의 친구이자 전 학생이었던 <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evgeny_Lifshitz" class="extiw" title="w:Evgeny Lifshitz">예프게니 립시츠<sub>Evgeny Lifshitz</sub></a>는 전 주제에 걸쳐 있으며 <a href="/wiki/%EB%8C%80%ED%95%99%EC%9B%90" title="대학원">대학원</a>-수준의 물리학 텍스트로 널리 사용되는 10권의 <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Course_of_Theoretical_Physics" class="extiw" title="w:Course of Theoretical Physics">《이론물리학의 과정(The Course of Theoretical Physics)》</a>를 쓰기 시작했다. <a href="/wiki/%EB%8C%80%EC%88%99%EC%B2%AD" title="대숙청">대숙청</a> 기간 동안 란다우는 하르키우의 <a href="/wiki/UPTI_%EC%82%AC%EA%B1%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="UPTI 사건">UPTI 사건</a> 관련 조사를 받았고, 새로운 직책을 맡기 위해 <a href="/wiki/%EB%AA%A8%EC%8A%A4%ED%81%AC%EB%B0%94" title="모스크바">모스크바</a>로 간신히 떠났다.<sup id="cite_ref-SA1997_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SA1997-20"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>란다우는 학생들이 학교에 입학하기 전에 통과해야 하는 '이론적 최소값 (Theoretical Minimum)'이라는 유명한 종합시험을 개발했다. 이 시험은 이론물리학의 모든 측면을 다루었고 1934년과 1961년 사이에 43명의 후보자만 합격했지만 나중에 합격한 사람들은 꽤 유명한 이론물리학자들이 되었다.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>1932년에 란다우는 <a href="/wiki/%EC%B0%AC%EB%93%9C%EB%9D%BC%EC%84%B8%EC%B9%B4%EB%A5%B4_%ED%95%9C%EA%B3%84" title="찬드라세카르 한계">찬드라세카르 한계</a>를 계산했으며;<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 하지만, 그는 그것을 백색 왜성에 적용하지는 않았다.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="물리학_문제_연구소,_모스크바"><span id=".EB.AC.BC.EB.A6.AC.ED.95.99_.EB.AC.B8.EC.A0.9C_.EC.97.B0.EA.B5.AC.EC.86.8C.2C_.EB.AA.A8.EC.8A.A4.ED.81.AC.EB.B0.94"></span>물리학 문제 연구소, 모스크바</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%A0%88%ED%94%84_%EB%9E%80%EB%8B%A4%EC%9A%B0&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="부분 편집: 물리학 문제 연구소, 모스크바"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8C%8C%EC%9D%BC:1938-LandauL.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/1938-LandauL.jpg/220px-1938-LandauL.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/1938-LandauL.jpg/330px-1938-LandauL.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/1938-LandauL.jpg/440px-1938-LandauL.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="560" /></a><figcaption>감옥에서의 레프 란다우 (1938년)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8C%8C%EC%9D%BC:%D0%A5%D0%A4%D0%A2%D0%98.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/%D0%A5%D0%A4%D0%A2%D0%98.jpg/220px-%D0%A5%D0%A4%D0%A2%D0%98.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/%D0%A5%D0%A4%D0%A2%D0%98.jpg/330px-%D0%A5%D0%A4%D0%A2%D0%98.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/%D0%A5%D0%A4%D0%A2%D0%98.jpg/440px-%D0%A5%D0%A4%D0%A2%D0%98.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="473" /></a><figcaption>하르키우 연구소에서 (1934년)</figcaption></figure> <p>1937년부터 1962년까지 란다우는 <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institute_for_Physical_Problems" class="extiw" title="w:Institute for Physical Problems">물리학 문제 연구소(Institute for Physical Problems)</a>의 이론 부서장이었다.<sup id="cite_ref-Dorozynsk_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dorozynsk-25"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>1938년 4월 27일 란다우는 스탈린주의를 독일 나치즘, 이탈리아 파시즘에 비유한 <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korets-Landau_leaflet" class="extiw" title="w:Korets-Landau leaflet">전단(leaflet)</a>으로 체포되었다.<sup id="cite_ref-SA1997_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SA1997-20"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 그는 1939년 4월 29일 <a href="/wiki/%ED%91%9C%ED%8A%B8%EB%A5%B4_%EC%B9%B4%ED%94%BC%EC%B0%A8" title="표트르 카피차">표트르 카피차</a>(저온 실험 물리학자이자 연구소 설립자이자 책임자)와 <a href="/wiki/%EB%B3%B4%EC%96%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="보어">보어</a>가 <a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EC%98%A4%EC%8B%9C%ED%94%84_%EC%8A%A4%ED%83%88%EB%A6%B0" title="이오시프 스탈린">이오시프 스탈린</a>에게 편지를 보낸 후 석방될 때까지 <a href="/wiki/%EB%82%B4%EB%AC%B4%EC%9D%B8%EB%AF%BC%EC%9C%84%EC%9B%90%ED%9A%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="내무인민위원회">내무인민위원회</a>(NKVD)의 <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lubyanka_Building" class="extiw" title="w:Lubyanka Building">루비앙카 감옥(Lubyanka prison)</a>에 수감되었다.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 카피차는 개인적으로 란다우의 행동을 보증했으며 란다우가 석방되지 않으면 연구소를 그만두겠다고 위협했다.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 석방된 후 란다우는 음파 또는 <a href="/wiki/%ED%8F%AC%EB%85%BC" title="포논">포논</a>과 <a href="/wiki/%EB%A1%9C%ED%86%A4" title="로톤">로톤</a>이라고 하는 새로운 <a href="/wiki/%EC%97%AC%EA%B8%B0_%EC%83%81%ED%83%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="여기 상태">여기</a>를 사용하여 카피차의 <a href="/wiki/%EC%B4%88%EC%9C%A0%EC%B2%B4" title="초유체">초유체</a>를 설명하는 방법을 발견했다.<sup id="cite_ref-SA1997_20-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SA1997-20"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>란다우는 소련의 원자 및 수소폭탄 개발을 지원하는 수학자 팀을 이끌었다. 그는 <a href="/wiki/%ED%95%B5%EC%B6%9C%EB%A0%A5" title="핵출력">핵출력</a> 예측을 포함하여 최초의 소련 열핵폭탄의 역학을 계산했다. 이 작업으로 란다우는 1949년과 1953년에 <a href="/wiki/%EC%8A%A4%ED%83%88%EB%A6%B0%EC%83%81" class="mw-redirect" title="스탈린상">스탈린상</a>을 받았고 1954년에는 "<a href="/wiki/%EC%82%AC%ED%9A%8C%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98_%EB%85%B8%EB%8F%99%EC%98%81%EC%9B%85" title="사회주의 노동영웅">사회주의 노동영웅</a>"이라는 칭호를 받았다.<sup id="cite_ref-SA1997_20-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SA1997-20"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>란다우의 학생에는 <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lev_Pitaevskii" class="extiw" title="w:Lev Pitaevskii">레프 피타에프스키<sub>Lev Pitaevskii</sub></a>, <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%8C%EB%A0%89%EC%84%B8%EC%9D%B4_%EC%95%8C%EB%A0%89%EC%84%B8%EC%98%88%EB%B9%84%EC%B9%98_%EC%95%84%EB%B8%8C%EB%A6%AC%EC%BD%94%EC%86%8C%ED%94%84" title="알렉세이 알렉세예비치 아브리코소프">알렉세이 아브리코소프</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evgeny_Lifshitz" class="extiw" title="w:Evgeny Lifshitz">예프게니 립시츠</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lev_Gor%27kov" class="extiw" title="w:Lev Gor&#39;kov">레프 고르코프<sub>Lev Gor'kov</sub></a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isaak_Khalatnikov" class="extiw" title="w:Isaak Khalatnikov">이삭 칼라트니코프<sub>Isaak Khalatnikov</sub></a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roald_Sagdeev" class="extiw" title="w:Roald Sagdeev">로알드 사그데프<sub>Roald Sagdeev</sub></a> 및 <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isaak_Pomeranchuk" class="extiw" title="w:Isaak Pomeranchuk">이삭 포메란추크<sub>Isaak Pomeranchuk</sub></a> 등이 포함되어 있었다. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="과학적_업적"><span id=".EA.B3.BC.ED.95.99.EC.A0.81_.EC.97.85.EC.A0.81"></span>과학적 업적</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%A0%88%ED%94%84_%EB%9E%80%EB%8B%A4%EC%9A%B0&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="부분 편집: 과학적 업적"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>란다우의 업적에는 양자역학(존 폰 노이만과 함께)에서 밀도 행렬 방법의 독립적인 공동 발견, 반자성의 양자역학 이론, 초유체 이론, 이차 상전이, 긴즈부르크-란다우 이론, 페르미 액체 이론, 플라즈마 물리학의 란다우 감쇠 설명, 양자 전기역학의 란다우 극, 중성미자의 이성분 이론, 화염 불안정성에 대한 설명(Darrieus–Landau instability), S행렬 특이점에 대한 란다우 방정식 등을 포함한다. </p><p>란다우는 2.17K(-270.98&#160;°C) 미만의 온도에서 액체 헬륨 II의 특성을 설명하는 초유체의 수학적 이론을 개발한 공로로 1962년 노벨 물리학상을 받았다.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="개인적_생활과_견해"><span id=".EA.B0.9C.EC.9D.B8.EC.A0.81_.EC.83.9D.ED.99.9C.EA.B3.BC_.EA.B2.AC.ED.95.B4"></span>개인적 생활과 견해</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%A0%88%ED%94%84_%EB%9E%80%EB%8B%A4%EC%9A%B0&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="부분 편집: 개인적 생활과 견해"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>1937년 란다우는 하르키우에서 코라 T. 드로반제바<sub>Kora T. Drobanzeva</sub>와 결혼했다.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 그들의 아들 이고르<sub>Igor</sub>(1946–2011)는 이론물리학자가 되었다. 란다우는 일부일처제보다 "<a href="/wiki/%EC%9E%90%EC%9C%A0%EC%97%B0%EC%95%A0%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98" title="자유연애주의">자유 연애</a>"을 믿었고 그의 아내와 그의 학생들에게 "자유 연애"을 실천하도록 격려했다. 그러나 그의 아내는 열성적이지 않았다.<sup id="cite_ref-SA1997_20-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SA1997-20"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>란다우는 무신론자였다.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 1957년 <a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%AD%EA%B0%80%EB%B3%B4%EC%95%88%EC%9C%84%EC%9B%90%ED%9A%8C" title="국가보안위원회">국가보안위원회</a>(KGB)가 <a href="/wiki/%EC%86%8C%EB%A0%A8_%EA%B3%B5%EC%82%B0%EB%8B%B9_%EC%A4%91%EC%95%99%EC%9C%84%EC%9B%90%ED%9A%8C" title="소련 공산당 중앙위원회">소련 공산당 중앙위원회</a>에 보낸 긴 보고서에는 <a href="/wiki/1956%EB%85%84_%ED%97%9D%EA%B0%80%EB%A6%AC_%ED%98%81%EB%AA%85" title="1956년 헝가리 혁명">1956년 헝가리 혁명</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EB%B8%94%EB%9D%BC%EB%94%94%EB%AF%B8%EB%A5%B4_%EB%A0%88%EB%8B%8C" title="블라디미르 레닌">블라디미르 레닌</a>과 그가 "적색 파시즘"이라고 부른 것에 대한 란다우의 견해가 기록되어 있다.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/%ED%97%A8%EB%93%9C%EB%A6%AD_%EC%B9%B4%EC%8B%9C%EB%AF%B8%EB%A5%B4" title="헨드릭 카시미르">헨드릭 카시미르</a>는 그를 혁명적 이데올로기로 용기를 얻은 열정적인 공산주의자로 회상한다. 란다우가 소비에트 과학을 확립하게 된 원동력은 부분적으로 사회주의에 대한 그의 헌신 때문이었다. 1935년 소련 신문 <a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EC%A6%88%EB%B2%A0%EC%8A%A4%ED%8B%B0%EC%95%BC" title="이즈베스티야">이즈베스티야</a>에 "부르주아지와 현대 물리학"이라는 제목의 글을 기고한 그는 종교적 미신과 자본의 지배를 부르주아적 경향으로 보고 "우리 나라에서 물리학 발전을 위한 전례 없는 기회가 당과 정부에 의해 제공된다”고 언급했다.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="말년"><span id=".EB.A7.90.EB.85.84"></span>말년</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%A0%88%ED%94%84_%EB%9E%80%EB%8B%A4%EC%9A%B0&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8" title="부분 편집: 말년"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>1962년 1월 7일, 란다우의 차는 다가오는 트럭과 충돌했다. 그는 중상을 입고 두 달 동안 <a href="/wiki/%ED%98%BC%EC%88%98%EC%83%81%ED%83%9C" title="혼수상태">혼수상태</a>에 빠졌다. 란다우는 여러 면에서 회복되었지만 그의 과학적 창의성은 파괴되었고,<sup id="cite_ref-Dorozynsk_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dorozynsk-25"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>그는 과학적 연구로 완전히 돌아오지 못했다. 그의 부상으로 인해 그는 1962년 <a href="/wiki/%EB%85%B8%EB%B2%A8_%EB%AC%BC%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%99%EC%83%81" title="노벨 물리학상">노벨 물리학상</a>을 직접 받을 수 없었다.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>평생 란다우는 날카로운 유머로 유명했는데, 란다우가 자동차 사고에서 회복하는 동안 뇌 손상 가능성을 테스트하려고 했던 심리학자 <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%8C%EB%A0%89%EC%82%B0%EB%8D%94_%EB%A3%A8%EB%A6%AC%EC%95%84" title="알렉산더 루리아">알렉산더 루리아</a>와의 다음 대화에서 예시되었다.<sup id="cite_ref-Bessarab_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bessarab-15"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Drobantseva_Luria_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Drobantseva_Luria-38"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dd>루리아: "원을 그려주세요."</dd> <dd>란다우는 십자가를 그린다.</dd> <dd>루리아: "흠, 이제 십자가를 그려 주세요."</dd> <dd>란다우는 원을 그린다.</dd> <dd>루리아: "란다우, 내가 시키는 대로 하지 그래요?"</dd> <dd>란다우: "내가 그랬다면, 내가 정신지체자가 되었다고 생각할지도 몰라."</dd></dl> <p>1965년에 란다우의 이전 학생과 동료들은 <a href="/wiki/%EB%AA%A8%EC%8A%A4%ED%81%AC%EB%B0%94" title="모스크바">모스크바</a> 근처의 <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chernogolovka" class="extiw" title="w:Chernogolovka">체르노골로브카(Chernogolovka)</a> 시내에 <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landau_Institute_for_Theoretical_Physics" class="extiw" title="w:Landau Institute for Theoretical Physics">란다우 이론물리학 연구소(Landau Institute for Theoretical Physics)</a>를 설립했으며, 이는 <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isaak_Khalatnikov" class="extiw" title="w:Isaak Khalatnikov">이삭 칼라트니코프</a>에 의해 이후 30년간 선도되었다. </p><p>1965년 6월 레프 란다우와 <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evsei_Liberman" class="extiw" title="w:Evsei Liberman">예브세이 리베르만<sub>Yevsei Liberman</sub></a>은 <i>뉴욕 타임즈</i>에 <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_the_Soviet_Union" class="extiw" title="w:History of the Jews in the Soviet Union">소비에트 유대인</a>으로서 <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Student_Struggle_for_Soviet_Jewry" class="extiw" title="w:Student Struggle for Soviet Jewry">소비에트 유대인을 위한 학생 투쟁</a>(Student Struggle for Soviet Jewry)을 위한 미국의 개입에 반대하는 편지를 실었다.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 그러나 란다우가 이 편지를 저술했다는 데는 의심의 여지가 있다.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="사망"><span id=".EC.82.AC.EB.A7.9D"></span>사망</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%A0%88%ED%94%84_%EB%9E%80%EB%8B%A4%EC%9A%B0&amp;action=edit&amp;section=9" title="부분 편집: 사망"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>란다우는 1968년 4월 1일 60세의 나이로 6년 전 자신이 연루된 자동차 사고로 인한 부상의 합병증으로 사망했다. 그는 <a href="/wiki/%EB%85%B8%EB%B3%B4%EB%8D%B0%EB%B9%84%EC%B9%98_%EB%AC%98%EC%A7%80" title="노보데비치 묘지">노보데비치 묘지</a>에 묻혔다.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="업적_분야"><span id=".EC.97.85.EC.A0.81_.EB.B6.84.EC.95.BC"></span>업적 분야</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%A0%88%ED%94%84_%EB%9E%80%EB%8B%A4%EC%9A%B0&amp;action=edit&amp;section=10" title="부분 편집: 업적 분야"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r34752755">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 18em;"> <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DLVO_theory" class="extiw" title="w:DLVO theory">DLVO 이론(DLVO theory)</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermi_liquid" class="extiw" title="w:Fermi liquid">페르미 액체 이론(Fermi liquid)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A4%80%EC%9E%85%EC%9E%90" title="준입자">준입자</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landau_damping" class="extiw" title="w:Landau damping">란다우 감쇠(Landau damping)</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landau_distribution" class="extiw" title="w:Landau distribution">란다우 분포(Landau distribution)</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gauge_fixing" class="extiw" title="w:Gauge fixing">란다우 게이지(Gauge fixing)</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landau_pole" class="extiw" title="w:Landau pole">란다우 극(Landau pole)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B0%98%EC%9E%90%EC%84%B1" title="반자성">반자성</a> (란다우 자화율)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%81%B0_%ED%8D%BC%ED%85%90%EC%85%9C" title="큰 퍼텐셜">란다우 퍼텐셜</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%9E%80%EB%8B%A4%EC%9A%B0_%EC%A4%80%EC%9C%84" title="란다우 준위">란다우 준위</a> (란다우 양자회)</li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landau_theory" class="extiw" title="w:Landau theory">란다우 이론(Landau theory)</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landau%E2%80%93Squire_jet" class="extiw" title="w:Landau–Squire jet">란다우–스콰이어 제트(Landau–Squire jet)</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landau%E2%80%93Levich_problem" class="extiw" title="w:Landau–Levich problem">란다우–레비치 문제(Landau–Levich problem)</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landau%E2%80%93Hopf_theory_of_turbulence" class="extiw" title="w:Landau–Hopf theory of turbulence">란다우–호프 난류 이론(Landau–Hopf theory of turbulence)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B8%B4%EC%A6%88%EB%B6%80%EB%A5%B4%ED%81%AC-%EB%9E%80%EB%8B%A4%EC%9A%B0_%EC%9D%B4%EB%A1%A0" title="긴즈부르크-란다우 이론">긴즈부르크-란다우 이론</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darrieus%E2%80%93Landau_instability" class="extiw" title="w:Darrieus–Landau instability">다리어스–란다우 불안정성(Darrieus–Landau instability)</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landau%E2%80%93Lifshitz_aeroacoustic_equation" class="extiw" title="w:Landau–Lifshitz aeroacoustic equation">란다우–립시츠 항공음향 방정식(Landau–Lifshitz aeroacoustic equation)</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landau%E2%80%93Raychaudhuri_equation" class="extiw" title="w:Landau–Raychaudhuri equation">란다우–라이초두리 방정식(Landau–Raychaudhuri equation)</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landau%E2%80%93Zener_formula" class="extiw" title="w:Landau–Zener formula">란다우–제너 공식(Landau–Zener formula)</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landau%E2%80%93Lifshitz_model" class="extiw" title="w:Landau–Lifshitz model">란다우–립시츠 모형(Landau–Lifshitz model)</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landau%E2%80%93Lifshitz_pseudotensor" class="extiw" title="w:Landau–Lifshitz pseudotensor">란다우–립시츠 유사텐서(Landau–Lifshitz pseudotensor)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%9E%80%EB%8B%A4%EC%9A%B0-%EB%A6%BD%EC%8B%9C%EC%B8%A0-%EA%B8%B8%EB%B2%84%ED%8A%B8_%EB%B0%A9%EC%A0%95%EC%8B%9D" title="란다우-립시츠-길버트 방정식">란다우-립시츠-길버트 방정식</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landau%E2%80%93Pomeranchuk%E2%80%93Migdal_effect" class="extiw" title="w:Landau–Pomeranchuk–Migdal effect">란다우-포메란추크–미그달 효과(Landau–Pomeranchuk–Migdal effect)</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landau%E2%80%93Yang_theorem" class="extiw" title="w:Landau–Yang theorem">란다우–양 정리(Landau–Yang theorem)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%ED%96%89%EB%A0%AC_%EC%9D%B4%EB%A1%A0" title="S행렬 이론">S행렬 이론</a> (란다우 원리)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%B4%88%EC%9C%A0%EC%B2%B4" title="초유체">초유체</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%B4%88%EC%A0%84%EB%8F%84_%ED%98%84%EC%83%81" title="초전도 현상">초전도 현상</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="교육"><span id=".EA.B5.90.EC.9C.A1"></span>교육</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%A0%88%ED%94%84_%EB%9E%80%EB%8B%A4%EC%9A%B0&amp;action=edit&amp;section=11" title="부분 편집: 교육"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Course_of_Theoretical_Physics" class="extiw" title="w:Course of Theoretical Physics">《이론물리학의 과정(The Course of Theoretical Physics)》</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="유산"><span id=".EC.9C.A0.EC.82.B0"></span>유산</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%A0%88%ED%94%84_%EB%9E%80%EB%8B%A4%EC%9A%B0&amp;action=edit&amp;section=12" title="부분 편집: 유산"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8C%8C%EC%9D%BC:RR5110-0083R.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/RR5110-0083R.png/170px-RR5110-0083R.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/RR5110-0083R.png/255px-RR5110-0083R.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/RR5110-0083R.png/340px-RR5110-0083R.png 2x" data-file-width="390" data-file-height="390" /></a><figcaption>란다우 탄생 100주년 기념 러시아 은화</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8C%8C%EC%9D%BC:UA035-10.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/UA035-10.jpg/170px-UA035-10.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="241" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/UA035-10.jpg/255px-UA035-10.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/UA035-10.jpg/340px-UA035-10.jpg 2x" data-file-width="612" data-file-height="869" /></a><figcaption>란다우 (1962년), 2010년 우크라이나 우표</figcaption></figure> <p>두 천체는 그의 이름을 따서 명명되어: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%86%8C%ED%96%89%EC%84%B1%EC%B2%B4" title="소행성체">소행성체</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_minor_planets:_2001%E2%80%933000" class="extiw" title="w:List of minor planets: 2001–3000">2142 란다우(2142 Landau)</a><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%8B%AC_%EB%B6%84%ED%99%94%EA%B5%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="달 분화구">달 분화구</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landau_(crater)" class="extiw" title="w:Landau (crater)">란다우(Landau)</a></li></ul> <p><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_Academy_of_Sciences" class="extiw" title="w:Russian Academy of Sciences">러시아 과학 아카데미(Russian Academy of Sciences)</a>가 수여하는 이론물리학 최고상은 그의 이름을 따서 명명되어: </p> <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landau_Gold_Medal" class="extiw" title="w:Landau Gold Medal">란다우 금메달(Landau Gold Medal)</a></li></ul> <p>2019년 1월 22일 <a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%AC%EA%B8%80" title="구글">구글</a>은 란다우의 111번째 생일을 <a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%AC%EA%B8%80_%EB%91%90%EB%93%A4" title="구글 두들">구글 두들</a>로 축하했다.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>플라즈마 물리학 및 유럽-미국 협력에 대한 탁월한 공헌을 인정하는 미국 물리학회(American Physical Society) 란다우-스피처 상(Landau-Spitzer Award)은 그를 기리기 위해 부분적인 이름을 붙였다.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="란다우의_물리학자_순위"><span id=".EB.9E.80.EB.8B.A4.EC.9A.B0.EC.9D.98_.EB.AC.BC.EB.A6.AC.ED.95.99.EC.9E.90_.EC.88.9C.EC.9C.84"></span>란다우의 물리학자 순위</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%A0%88%ED%94%84_%EB%9E%80%EB%8B%A4%EC%9A%B0&amp;action=edit&amp;section=13" title="부분 편집: 란다우의 물리학자 순위"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>란다우는 0에서 5까지의 생산성 로그 척도로 순위를 매긴 <a href="/wiki/%EB%AC%BC%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%99%EC%9E%90" title="물리학자">물리학자</a>들의 이름 목록을 보관했다.<sup id="cite_ref-ranking_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ranking-45"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 가장 높은 순위인 0은 <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%84%EC%9D%B4%EC%9E%91_%EB%89%B4%ED%84%B4" title="아이작 뉴턴">아이작 뉴턴</a>에게 할당되었다. <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%8C%EB%B2%A0%EB%A5%B4%ED%8A%B8_%EC%95%84%EC%9D%B8%EC%8A%88%ED%83%80%EC%9D%B8" title="알베르트 아인슈타인">알베르트 아인슈타인</a>은 0.5위에 랭크되었다. 양자역학의 창시자인 <a href="/wiki/%EB%8B%90%EC%8A%A4_%EB%B3%B4%EC%96%B4" title="닐스 보어">닐스 보어</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EB%B2%A0%EB%A5%B4%EB%84%88_%ED%95%98%EC%9D%B4%EC%A0%A0%EB%B2%A0%EB%A5%B4%ED%81%AC" title="베르너 하이젠베르크">베르너 하이젠베르크</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EC%82%AC%ED%8B%B0%EC%97%94%EB%93%9C%EB%9D%BC_%EB%82%98%ED%8A%B8_%EB%B3%B4%EC%8A%A4" title="사티엔드라 나트 보스">사티엔드라 나트 보스</a>, <a href="/wiki/%ED%8F%B4_%EB%94%94%EB%9E%99" title="폴 디랙">폴 디랙</a> 및 <a href="/wiki/%EC%97%90%EB%A5%B4%EB%B9%88_%EC%8A%88%EB%A2%B0%EB%94%A9%EA%B1%B0" title="에르빈 슈뢰딩거">에르빈 슈뢰딩거</a> 등이 1등급을 받았으며, 반면에 5등급의 사람들은 "병리학자들"로 간주되었다.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 란다우는 자신을 2.5로 평가했지만 나중에 자신을 2로 승격시켰다. 란다우에 대해 쓴 <a href="/wiki/%EB%8D%B0%EC%9D%B4%EB%B9%84%EB%93%9C_%EB%A8%B8%EB%AF%BC" title="데이비드 머민">데이비드 머민</a>은 "란다우와 함께한 나의 삶: 4.5에서 2로의 경의" 기사에서 이 척도를 언급하고 자신은 4로 평가했다.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ranking_45-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ranking-45"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="대중문화에서"><span id=".EB.8C.80.EC.A4.91.EB.AC.B8.ED.99.94.EC.97.90.EC.84.9C"></span>대중문화에서</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%A0%88%ED%94%84_%EB%9E%80%EB%8B%A4%EC%9A%B0&amp;action=edit&amp;section=14" title="부분 편집: 대중문화에서"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>2008년에 개봉된 러시아 텔레비전 영화 《내 남편 – 천재(러시아어 제목 Мой муж – гений)》는 란다우(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniil_Spivakovsky" class="extiw" title="w:Daniil Spivakovsky">다닐 스피바코프스키<sub>Daniil Spivakovsky</sub></a> 주연)의 전기를 이야기하며 주로 그의 사생활에 초점을 맞춘다. 그것은 일반적으로 비평가들에 의해 비판되었다. 러시아의 유명 과학자 <a href="/wiki/%EB%B9%84%ED%83%88%EB%A6%AC_%EA%B8%B4%EC%A6%88%EB%B6%80%EB%A5%B4%ED%81%AC" title="비탈리 긴즈부르크">비탈리 긴즈부르크</a>를 비롯해 란다우를 직접 만난 사람들은 이 영화가 끔찍할 뿐만 아니라 역사적 사실도 거짓이라고 말했다.</li> <li>런다우에 관한 또 다른 영화 《다우(Dau)》는 <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilya_Khrzhanovsky" class="extiw" title="w:Ilya Khrzhanovsky">후르하노브스키<sub>Ilya Khrzhanovsky</sub></a>가 감독하고 비전문 배우 <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teodor_Currentzis" class="extiw" title="w:Teodor Currentzis">테오도르 쿠렌치스<sub>Teodor Currentzis</sub></a> (오케스트라 지휘자)가 란다우로 출연한다. 다우는 레프 란다우의 일반적인 별명이었다.<sup id="cite_ref-Landau2008_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Landau2008-49"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="저술"><span id=".EC.A0.80.EC.88.A0"></span>저술</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%A0%88%ED%94%84_%EB%9E%80%EB%8B%A4%EC%9A%B0&amp;action=edit&amp;section=15" title="부분 편집: 저술"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>란다우는 <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/On_the_derivation_of_Klein%E2%80%93Fock_equation" class="extiw" title="w:On the derivation of Klein–Fock equation">클라인-폭 방정식의 유도(On the derivation of Klein–Fock equation)</a>에 관한 그의 첫 논문을 1926년에 <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dmitri_Ivanenko" class="extiw" title="w:Dmitri Ivanenko">드미트리 이바넨코<sub>Dmitri Ivanenko</sub></a>와 함께 썼다. 그의 마지막 논문인 근본적인 문제는 1960년에 <a href="/wiki/%EB%B3%BC%ED%94%84%EA%B0%95_%ED%8C%8C%EC%9A%B8%EB%A6%AC" title="볼프강 파울리">볼프강 파울리</a>에 대한 헌사 편집본에 실렸다. 1998년 러시아의 물리학 저널 《물리학-우스페키(Physics-Uspekhi)》에 란다우의 작품 목록이 실렸다.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 란다우는 두 가지 조건으로 자신이 저널 기사의 공동 저자로 등재될 수 있도록 허용했다: 1) 그는 부분적으로 또는 전체적으로 작업에 대한 아이디어를 제기했다. 2) 그는 논문에 제시된 적어도 일부 계산을 수행했다. 결과적으로, 그는 수많은 출판물에서 공헌이 덜 중요했던 그의 학생들의 이름들을 삭제했다<sup id="cite_ref-Landau2008_49-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Landau2008-49"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Course_of_Theoretical_Physics"><i>Course of Theoretical Physics</i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%A0%88%ED%94%84_%EB%9E%80%EB%8B%A4%EC%9A%B0&amp;action=edit&amp;section=16" title="부분 편집: Course of Theoretical Physics"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r34311305">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Icons8_flat_search.svg/18px-Icons8_flat_search.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Icons8_flat_search.svg/27px-Icons8_flat_search.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Icons8_flat_search.svg/36px-Icons8_flat_search.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span>&#160;이 부분의 본문은 <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Course_of_Theoretical_Physics" class="extiw" title="en:Course of Theoretical Physics">en:Course of Theoretical Physics</a>입니다.</div> <ul><li><cite class="citation book">L. D. Landau; E. M. Lifshitz (1976). &#12298;Mechanics&#12299;. Vol. 1; 3판. Butterworth–Heinemann.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Mechanics&amp;rft.edition=3rd&amp;rft.pub=Butterworth%E2%80%93Heinemann.&amp;rft.date=1976&amp;rft.au=L.+D.+Landau&amp;rft.au=E.+M.+Lifshitz&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fko.wikipedia.org%3A%EB%A0%88%ED%94%84+%EB%9E%80%EB%8B%A4%EC%9A%B0" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">L. D. Landau; E. M. Lifshitz (1975). &#12298;The Classical Theory of Fields&#12299;. Vol. 2; 4판. Butterworth–Heinemann.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Classical+Theory+of+Fields&amp;rft.edition=4th&amp;rft.pub=Butterworth%E2%80%93Heinemann.&amp;rft.date=1975&amp;rft.au=L.+D.+Landau&amp;rft.au=E.+M.+Lifshitz&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fko.wikipedia.org%3A%EB%A0%88%ED%94%84+%EB%9E%80%EB%8B%A4%EC%9A%B0" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">L. D. Landau; E. M. Lifshitz (1977). &#12298;Quantum Mechanics: Non-Relativistic Theory&#12299;. Vol. 3; 3판. Pergamon Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Quantum+Mechanics%3A+Non-Relativistic+Theory&amp;rft.edition=3rd&amp;rft.pub=Pergamon+Press.&amp;rft.date=1977&amp;rft.au=L.+D.+Landau&amp;rft.au=E.+M.+Lifshitz&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fko.wikipedia.org%3A%EB%A0%88%ED%94%84+%EB%9E%80%EB%8B%A4%EC%9A%B0" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">V. B. Berestetskii; E. M. Lifshitz; L. P. Pitaevskii (1982). &#12298;Quantum Electrodynamics&#12299;. Vol. 4; 2판. Butterworth–Heinemann.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Quantum+Electrodynamics&amp;rft.edition=2nd&amp;rft.pub=Butterworth%E2%80%93Heinemann.&amp;rft.date=1982&amp;rft.au=V.+B.+Berestetskii&amp;rft.au=E.+M.+Lifshitz&amp;rft.au=L.+P.+Pitaevskii&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fko.wikipedia.org%3A%EB%A0%88%ED%94%84+%EB%9E%80%EB%8B%A4%EC%9A%B0" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">L. D. Landau; E. M. Lifshitz (1980). &#12298;Statistical Physics, Part 1&#12299;. Vol. 5; 3판. Butterworth–Heinemann.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Statistical+Physics%2C+Part+1&amp;rft.edition=3rd&amp;rft.pub=Butterworth%E2%80%93Heinemann.&amp;rft.date=1980&amp;rft.au=L.+D.+Landau&amp;rft.au=E.+M.+Lifshitz&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fko.wikipedia.org%3A%EB%A0%88%ED%94%84+%EB%9E%80%EB%8B%A4%EC%9A%B0" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">L. D. Landau; E. M. Lifshitz (1987). &#12298;Fluid Mechanics&#12299;. Vol. 6; 2판. Butterworth–Heinemann.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Fluid+Mechanics&amp;rft.edition=2nd&amp;rft.pub=Butterworth%E2%80%93Heinemann.&amp;rft.date=1987&amp;rft.au=L.+D.+Landau&amp;rft.au=E.+M.+Lifshitz&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fko.wikipedia.org%3A%EB%A0%88%ED%94%84+%EB%9E%80%EB%8B%A4%EC%9A%B0" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">L. D. Landau; E. M. Lifshitz (1986). &#12298;Theory of Elasticity&#12299;. Vol. 7; 3판. Butterworth–Heinemann.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Theory+of+Elasticity&amp;rft.edition=3rd&amp;rft.pub=Butterworth%E2%80%93Heinemann.&amp;rft.date=1986&amp;rft.au=L.+D.+Landau&amp;rft.au=E.+M.+Lifshitz&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fko.wikipedia.org%3A%EB%A0%88%ED%94%84+%EB%9E%80%EB%8B%A4%EC%9A%B0" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">L. D. Landau; E. M. Lifshitz; L. P. Pitaevskii (1984). &#12298;Electrodynamics of Continuous Media&#12299;. Vol. 8; 2판. Butterworth–Heinemann.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Electrodynamics+of+Continuous+Media&amp;rft.edition=2nd&amp;rft.pub=Butterworth%E2%80%93Heinemann.&amp;rft.date=1984&amp;rft.au=L.+D.+Landau&amp;rft.au=E.+M.+Lifshitz&amp;rft.au=L.+P.+Pitaevskii&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fko.wikipedia.org%3A%EB%A0%88%ED%94%84+%EB%9E%80%EB%8B%A4%EC%9A%B0" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">L. P. Pitaevskii; E. M. Lifshitz (1980). &#12298;Statistical Physics, Part 2&#12299;. Vol. 9; 1판. Butterworth–Heinemann.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Statistical+Physics%2C+Part+2&amp;rft.edition=1st&amp;rft.pub=Butterworth%E2%80%93Heinemann.&amp;rft.date=1980&amp;rft.au=L.+P.+Pitaevskii&amp;rft.au=E.+M.+Lifshitz&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fko.wikipedia.org%3A%EB%A0%88%ED%94%84+%EB%9E%80%EB%8B%A4%EC%9A%B0" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">L. P. Pitaevskii; E. M. Lifshitz (1981). &#12298;Physical Kinetics&#12299;. Vol. 10; 1판. Pergamon Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Physical+Kinetics&amp;rft.edition=1st&amp;rft.pub=Pergamon+Press.&amp;rft.date=1981&amp;rft.au=L.+P.+Pitaevskii&amp;rft.au=E.+M.+Lifshitz&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fko.wikipedia.org%3A%EB%A0%88%ED%94%84+%EB%9E%80%EB%8B%A4%EC%9A%B0" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li></ul> <p>란다우와 리프시츠는 이론물리학 과정 제3권에서 당시의 표준 주기율표에 오류가 있으며, <a href="/wiki/%EB%A3%A8%ED%85%8C%ED%8A%AC" title="루테튬">루테튬</a>은 f-블록 원소가 아닌 d-블록 원소로 간주되어야 한다고 제안했다. 그들의 제안은 나중에 발견된<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>에 의해 완전히 입증되었고 1988년 <a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%AD%EC%A0%9C_%EC%88%9C%EC%88%98%C2%B7%EC%9D%91%EC%9A%A9_%ED%99%94%ED%95%99_%EC%97%B0%ED%95%A9" title="국제 순수·응용 화학 연합">국제 순수·응용 화학 연합</a>(IUPAC)의 보고서에 의해 승인되었다.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="기타"><span id=".EA.B8.B0.ED.83.80"></span>기타</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%A0%88%ED%94%84_%EB%9E%80%EB%8B%A4%EC%9A%B0&amp;action=edit&amp;section=17" title="부분 편집: 기타"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><cite class="citation book">L. D. Landau; Ya. Smorodinsky (2011) [1958]. &#12298;Lectures on Nuclear Theory&#12299;. Dover Publications.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Lectures+on+Nuclear+Theory&amp;rft.pub=Dover+Publications.&amp;rft.date=2011&amp;rft.au=L.+D.+Landau&amp;rft.au=Ya.+Smorodinsky&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fko.wikipedia.org%3A%EB%A0%88%ED%94%84+%EB%9E%80%EB%8B%A4%EC%9A%B0" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">L. D. Landau; A. I. Akhiezer; E. M. Lifshitz (1967). &#12298;General Physics, Mechanics and Molecular Physics&#12299;. Pergamon Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=General+Physics%2C+Mechanics+and+Molecular+Physics&amp;rft.pub=Pergamon+Press.&amp;rft.date=1967&amp;rft.au=L.+D.+Landau&amp;rft.au=A.+I.+Akhiezer&amp;rft.au=E.+M.+Lifshitz&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fko.wikipedia.org%3A%EB%A0%88%ED%94%84+%EB%9E%80%EB%8B%A4%EC%9A%B0" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">L. D. Landau; A. I. Kitaigorodsky (1978). &#12298;Physics for Everyone&#12299;. Mir Publishers Moscow.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Physics+for+Everyone&amp;rft.pub=Mir+Publishers+Moscow.&amp;rft.date=1978&amp;rft.au=L.+D.+Landau&amp;rft.au=A.+I.+Kitaigorodsky&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fko.wikipedia.org%3A%EB%A0%88%ED%94%84+%EB%9E%80%EB%8B%A4%EC%9A%B0" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">L. D. Landau; G. B. Rumer (2003) [1960]. &#12298;What is Relativity?&#12299;. Dover Publications.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=What+is+Relativity%3F&amp;rft.pub=Dover+Publications.&amp;rft.date=2003&amp;rft.au=L.+D.+Landau&amp;rft.au=G.+B.+Rumer&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fko.wikipedia.org%3A%EB%A0%88%ED%94%84+%EB%9E%80%EB%8B%A4%EC%9A%B0" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">L. D. Landau; A. S. Kompaneets (1935). &#12298;The Metal Conductivity&#12299;. ONTI, Kharkiv.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Metal+Conductivity&amp;rft.pub=ONTI%2C+Kharkiv.&amp;rft.date=1935&amp;rft.au=L.+D.+Landau&amp;rft.au=A.+S.+Kompaneets&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fko.wikipedia.org%3A%EB%A0%88%ED%94%84+%EB%9E%80%EB%8B%A4%EC%9A%B0" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="같이_보기"><span id=".EA.B0.99.EC.9D.B4_.EB.B3.B4.EA.B8.B0"></span>같이 보기</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%A0%88%ED%94%84_%EB%9E%80%EB%8B%A4%EC%9A%B0&amp;action=edit&amp;section=18" title="부분 편집: 같이 보기"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Jewish_Nobel_laureates" class="extiw" title="w:List of Jewish Nobel laureates">유대인 노벨상 수상자 목록(List of Jewish Nobel laureates)</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_things_named_after_Lev_Landau" class="extiw" title="w:List of things named after Lev Landau">레프 란다우의 이름을 딴 것들의 목록(List of things named after Lev Landau)</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="각주"><span id=".EA.B0.81.EC.A3.BC"></span>각주</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%A0%88%ED%94%84_%EB%9E%80%EB%8B%A4%EC%9A%B0&amp;action=edit&amp;section=19" title="부분 편집: 각주"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r35556958">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">McCauley, Martin (1997). Who's Who in Russia Since 1900. Routledge. p. 128. Landau, Lev Davydovich (1908-68), a brilliant Soviet theoretical physicist, who was born into a Jewish family in Baku and graduated from Leningrad State University in 1927.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">2] Zubok, Vladislav (2012). "Soviet Intellectuals after Stalin's Death and Their Visions of the Cold War's End". In Bozo, Frédéric; Rey, Marie-Pierre; Rother, Bernd; Ludlow, N. Piers (eds.). <i>Visions of the End of the Cold War in Europe, 1945-1990</i>. Berghahn Books. p. 78.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Gorelik, Gennady (1997). "The Top-Secret Life of Lev Landau". <i>Scientific American</i>. 277 (2): 72–77. Bibcode:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1997SciAm.277b..72G">1997SciAm.277b..72G</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Lev Landau (1927). "Das Dämpfungsproblem in der Wellenmechanik (The Damping Problem in Wave Mechanics)". <i>Zeitschrift für Physik</i>. 45 (5–6): 430–441. Bibcode:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1927ZPhy...45..430L">1927ZPhy...45..430L</a>. English translation reprinted in: D. Ter Haar, ed. (1965). <i>Collected papers of L.D. Landau</i>. Oxford: Pergamon Press.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-PT-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-PT_5-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Schlüter, Michael; Lu Jeu Sham (1982). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130415142204/http://www.physicstoday.org/resource/1/phtoad/v35/i2/p36_s1">"Density functional theory"</a>. <i>Physics Today</i>. 35 (2): 36.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Shifman, M., ed. (2013). <i>Under the Spell of Landau: When Theoretical Physics was Shaping Destinies</i>. World Scientific. doi:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1142%2F8641">10.1142/8641</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-frs-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-frs_7-0">가</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-frs_7-1">나</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Kapitza, P. L.; Lifshitz, E. M. (1969). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1098%2Frsbm.1969.0007">"Lev Davydovitch Landau 1908–1968"</a>. <i>Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society</i>. 15: 140–158.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Edward Teller, <i>Memoirs: A Twentieth Century Journey In Science And Politics</i>, Basic Books 2002, p. 124.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Frontiers of physics: proceedings of the Landau Memorial Conference</i>, Tel Aviv, Israel, 6–10 June 1988, (Pergamon Press, 1990) pp. 13–14</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Edward Teller, <i>Memoirs: A Twentieth Century Journey In Science And Politics</i>, Basic Books 2002, p. 124</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://vestnikkavkaza.net/articles/Great-Baku-native-Lev-Landau.html">"Great Baku native Lev Landau"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190610020427/http://vestnikkavkaza.net/articles/Great-Baku-native-Lev-Landau.html">Archived</a> 2019년 6월 10일 - <a href="/wiki/%EC%9B%A8%EC%9D%B4%EB%B0%B1_%EB%A8%B8%EC%8B%A0" title="웨이백 머신">웨이백 머신</a>. <i>Vestnik Kavkaza</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.petergen.com/history/moggim.shtml">"Выпускники Могилевской гимназии"</a>. <i>www.petergen.com</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">František Janouch, <i>Lev Landau: A Portrait of a Theoretical Physicist, 1908–1988</i>, Research Institute for Physics, 1988, p. 17.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Yuriy Rumer. berkovich-zametki.com</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bessarab-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Bessarab_15-0">가</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Bessarab_15-1">나</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Bessarab, Maya (1971) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ega-math.narod.ru/Landau/Dau1971.htm">Страницы жизни Ландау</a>. <i>Московский рабочий</i>. Moscow</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mehra-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Mehra_16-0">가</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Mehra_16-1">나</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Jagdish Mehra|Mehra, Jagdish (2001) <i>The Golden Age of Theoretical Physics</i>, Boxed Set of 2 Volumes, World Scientific, p. 952.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-17">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">During this period Landau visitied Copenhagen three times: 8 April to 3 May 1930, from 20 September to 22 November 1930, and from 25 February to 19 March 1931 (see <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Landau_Lev.html">Landau Lev biography – MacTutor History of Mathematics</a>).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-18">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Sykes, J. B. (2013) <i>Landau: The Physicist and the Man: Recollections of L. D. Landau</i>, Elsevier, p. 81.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-19">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Haensel, P.; Potekhin, A. Y. and Yakovlev, D. G. (2007) <i>Neutron Stars 1: Equation of State and Structure</i>, Springer <i>Science &amp; Business Media</i>, p. 2.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SA1997-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-SA1997_20-0">가</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-SA1997_20-1">나</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-SA1997_20-2">다</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-SA1997_20-3">라</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-SA1997_20-4">마</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Gorelik, Gennady (August 1997). "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scientificamerican.com/magazine/sa/1997/08-01/">The Top-Secret Life of Lev Landau</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180618075613/https://www.scientificamerican.com/magazine/sa/1997/08-01/">Archived</a> 2018년 6월 18일 - <a href="/wiki/%EC%9B%A8%EC%9D%B4%EB%B0%B1_%EB%A8%B8%EC%8B%A0" title="웨이백 머신">웨이백 머신</a>". <i>Scientific American</i>. 277 (2): 72–77.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-21">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Blundell, Stephen J. (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=GxUWMrm4dxsC&amp;pg=PA67"><i>Superconductivity: A Very Short Introduction</i></a>. Oxford U. Press. p. 67.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-22">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Ioffe, Boris L. (25 April 2002). "Landau's Theoretical Minimum, Landau's Seminar, ITEP in the beginning of the 1950s". arXiv:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://arxiv.org/abs/hep-ph/0204295">hep-ph/0204295</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-23">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">On the Theory of Stars, in <i>Collected Papers of L. D. Landau</i>, ed. and with an introduction by D. ter Haar, New York: Gordon and Breach, 1965; originally published in <i>Phys. Z. Sowjet.</i> <b>1</b> (1932), 285.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-24">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Yakovlev, Dmitrii; Haensel, Pawel (2013). "Lev Landau and the concept of neutron stars". Physics-Uspekhi. 56 (3): 289–295. arXiv:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1210.0682">1210.0682</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dorozynsk-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Dorozynsk_25-0">가</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Dorozynsk_25-1">나</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Dorozynsk, Alexander (1965). <i>The Man They Wouldn't Let Die</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-26">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kapitza.ras.ru/museum/history.htm">Музей-кабинет Петра Леонидовича Капицы (Peter Kapitza Memorial Museum-Study)</a>, <i>Академик Капица: Биографический очерк (a biographical sketch of Academician Kapitza)</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-27">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">O'Connor, 2014</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-28">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Yakovlev, 2012</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-29">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Richard Rhodes, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.powells.com/biblio?show=TRADE%20PAPER:USED:9780684824147:9.50&amp;page=excerpt"><i>Dark Sun: The Making of the Hydrogen Bomb</i></a>, pub Simon &amp; Schuster, 1995, <a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EC%B1%85%EC%B0%BE%EA%B8%B0/0684824140" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-684-82414-0</a> p. 33.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-30">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">"Lev Davidovich Landau, Soviet physicist and Nobel laureate". <i>Physics Today</i>. 57 (2): 62. 2004. Bibcode:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2004PhT....57Q..62.">2004PhT....57Q..62</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-31">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Petr Leonidovich Kapitsa, <i>Experiment, Theory, Practice: Articles and Addresses</i>, Springer, p. 329.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-32">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Schaefer, Henry F. (2003). <i>Science and Christianity: Conflict Or Coherence?</i>. The Apollos Trust. p. 9. 나는 여기서 주목할만한 무신론자의 두 가지 예를 제시한다. 첫 번째는 20세기의 가장 뛰어난 소비에트 물리학자인 레프 란다우이다."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-33">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nndb.com/people/793/000099496/">"Lev Landau"</a>. Soylent Communications. 2012.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-34">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">James D. Patterson; Bernard C. Bailey (20 February 2019). <i>Solid-State Physics: Introduction to the Theory</i>. Lev Landau - The Soviet Grand Master: Springer. p. 190. "란다우의 이론적인 최소 시험은 유명했고 그의 시대에는 약 40명의 학생들만이 그것을 통과했다. 이것은 란다우의 이론물리학 초급 시험이었다. 그것은 란다우가 그 분야에서 일하기 위해 필요하다고 느끼는 것을 담고 있었다. 많은 소비에트 시대의 물리학자들처럼 그도 무신론자였다."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-35">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bukovsky-archives.net/pdfs/sovter74/land-17.pdf">19 December 1957* (no number)</a>. The Bukovsky Archives.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-36">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Gorelik, Gennady (August 1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/24995874">"The Top-Secret Life of Lev Landau"</a>. <i>Scientific American</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-37">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1962/press.html">Nobel Presentation speech by Professor I. Waller, member of the Swedish Academy of Sciences</a>. Nobelprize.org. Retrieved on 28 January 2012.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Drobantseva_Luria-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Drobantseva_Luria_38-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://biography.wikireading.ru/60550">Kora Drobantseva's memoirs</a>, Chapter 38, "The way we lived"; the episode with <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%8C%EB%A0%89%EC%82%B0%EB%8D%94_%EB%A3%A8%EB%A6%AC%EC%95%84" title="알렉산더 루리아">알렉산더 루리아</a> (in the original Russian text, referred to as <i>Лурье</i>) testing Lev Landau on intellectual abilities</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-39">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Yaacov Ro'i, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=vvfIq0aJ_1oC&amp;pg=PA199"><i>The Struggle for Soviet Jewish Emigration, 1948–1967</i></a>, Cambridge University Press 2003, p. 199</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-40">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://booknik.ru/yesterday/history-of-protest/esli-nujen-vor-ego-i-s-viselitsy-snimayut/">«Если нужен вор, его и с виселицы снимают»</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-41">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://novodevichye.com/landau/">Obelisk at the Novodevichye Cemetery</a>. novodevichye.com (26 October 2008).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-42">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Schmadel, Lutz D. (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?q=2141+Simferopol+1970"><i>Dictionary of Minor Planet Names</i></a> (5th ed.). Springer Verlag. p. 174.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-43">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Best, Shivali (22 January 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mirror.co.uk/science/who-lev-landau-google-doodle-13887780">"Google Doodle celebrates 111th birthday of theoretical physicist Lev Landau"</a>. <i>mirror</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-44">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aps.org/programs/honors/prizes/landau-spitzer.cfm">"Landau-Spitzer Award"</a>. <i>APS.org</i>. American Physical Society.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ranking-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-ranking_45-0">가</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-ranking_45-1">나</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Hey, Tony (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780521435321"><i>Einstein's Mirror</i></a>. Cambridge University Press. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780521435321/page/n81">1</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-46">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Anna Livanova (1983). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sgtnd.narod.ru/wts/rus/Landau.htm"><i>Ландау</i></a> [<i>Landau</i>] (in Russian) (2nd expanded ed.). Znanie</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-47">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">N. David Mermin (1990). <i>Boojums All the Way Through: Communicating Science in a Prosaic Age</i>. Cambridge University Press. p. 39.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-48">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Mitra, Asoke; Ramlo, Susan; Dharamsi, Amin; Mitra, Asoke; Dolan, Richard; Smolin, Lee (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1063%2F1.2435630">"New Einsteins Need Positive Environment, Independent Spirit"</a>. <i>Physics Today</i>. 59 (11): 10.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Landau2008-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Landau2008_49-0">가</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Landau2008_49-1">나</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://orange.strf.ru/client/news.aspx?ob_no=7074">Дао Ландау</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151007183002/http://orange.strf.ru/client/news.aspx?ob_no=7074">Archived</a> 2015년 10월 7일 - <a href="/wiki/%EC%9B%A8%EC%9D%B4%EB%B0%B1_%EB%A8%B8%EC%8B%A0" title="웨이백 머신">웨이백 머신</a> strf.ru (25 January 2008)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-50">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ufn.ru/en/articles/1998/6/k/references.html">"Complete list of L D Landau's works"</a>. <i>Phys. Usp.</i> 41 (6): 621–623. June 1998.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-51">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Wittig, Jörg (1973). "The pressure variable in solid state physics: What about 4f-band superconductors?". In H. J. Queisser (ed.). <i>Festkörper Probleme: Plenary Lectures of the Divisions Semiconductor Physics, Surface Physics, Low Temperature Physics, High Polymers, Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics, of the German Physical Society, Münster, March 19–24, 1973</i>. Advances in Solid State Physics. Vol. 13. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer. pp. 375–396. doi:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2FBFb0108579">10.1007/BFb0108579</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-52">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Matthias, B. T. (1969). "Systematics of Super Conductivity". In Wallace, P. R. (ed.). <i>Superconductivity</i>. Vol. 1. Gordon and Breach. pp. 225–294.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-53">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">William B. Jensen (1982). "The Positions of Lanthanum (Actinium) and Lutetium (Lawrencium) in the Periodic Table". <i>J. Chem. Educ</i>. 59 (8): 634–636. Bibcode:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1982JChEd..59..634J">1982JChEd..59..634J</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-54">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Scerri, Eric R (2020). <i>The Periodic Table, Its Story and Its Significance</i>, 2nd edition, Oxford University Press, New York,</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-55">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Fluck, E. (1988). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.iupac.org/publications/pac/1988/pdf/6003x0431.pdf">"New Notations in the Periodic Table"</a> (PDF). <i>Pure Appl. Chem.</i> 60 (3): 431–436.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="추가_자료"><span id=".EC.B6.94.EA.B0.80_.EC.9E.90.EB.A3.8C"></span>추가 자료</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%A0%88%ED%94%84_%EB%9E%80%EB%8B%A4%EC%9A%B0&amp;action=edit&amp;section=20" title="부분 편집: 추가 자료"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="서적"><span id=".EC.84.9C.EC.A0.81"></span>서적</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%A0%88%ED%94%84_%EB%9E%80%EB%8B%A4%EC%9A%B0&amp;action=edit&amp;section=21" title="부분 편집: 서적"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Dorozynski, Alexander (1965). <i>The Man They Wouldn't Let Die</i>. Secker and Warburg. (란다우의 1962년 자동차 사고 이후, 그의 주변의 물리학계는 그의 생명을 구하기 위해 다시 모였다. 그들은 1968년까지 그의 수명을 연장할 수 있었다.)</li> <li>Janouch, Frantisek (1979). <i>Lev D. Landau: His life and work</i>. CERN.</li> <li>Khalatnikov, I. M., ed. (1989). <i>Landau. The physicist and the man. Recollections of L. D. Landau</i>. Sykes, J. B. (trans.). Pergamon Press.</li> <li>Kojevnikov, Alexei B. (2004). <i>Stalin's Great Science: The Times and Adventures of Soviet Physicists</i>. History of Modern Physical Sciences. Imperial College Press.</li> <li>Landau-Drobantseva, Kora (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050504045057/http://lib.ru/MEMUARY/LANDAU/landau.txt"><i>Professor Landau: How We Lived</i></a> (in Russian). AST.</li> <li>Shifman, M., ed. (2013). <i>Under the Spell of Landau: When Theoretical Physics was Shaping Destinies</i>. World Scientific.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="소논문"><span id=".EC.86.8C.EB.85.BC.EB.AC.B8"></span>소논문</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%A0%88%ED%94%84_%EB%9E%80%EB%8B%A4%EC%9A%B0&amp;action=edit&amp;section=22" title="부분 편집: 소논문"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Karl Hufbauer, "Landau's youthful sallies into stellar theory: Their origins, claims, and receptions", <i>Historical Studies in the Physical and Biological Sciences</i>, 37 (2007), 337–354.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131109195944/http://www.en.globaltalentnews.com/current_news/reports/3609/As-a-student-Landau-dared-to-correct-Einstein-in-a-lecture.html">"As a student, Landau dared to correct Einstein in a lecture". Global Talent News.</a></li> <li><cite class="citation web">O’Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Landau_Lev.html">&#8220;레프 란다우&#8221;</a>. &#12298;MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive&#12299; (영어). <a href="/wiki/%EC%84%B8%EC%9D%B8%ED%8A%B8%EC%95%A4%EB%93%9C%EB%A3%A8%EC%8A%A4_%EB%8C%80%ED%95%99%EA%B5%90" title="세인트앤드루스 대학교">세인트앤드루스 대학교</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=MacTutor+History+of+Mathematics+Archive&amp;rft.atitle=%EB%A0%88%ED%94%84+%EB%9E%80%EB%8B%A4%EC%9A%B0&amp;rft.aulast=O%E2%80%99Connor&amp;rft.aufirst=John+J.&amp;rft.au=Robertson%2C+Edmund+F.&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk%2FBiographies%2FLandau_Lev.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fko.wikipedia.org%3A%EB%A0%88%ED%94%84+%EB%9E%80%EB%8B%A4%EC%9A%B0" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nobel-winners.com/Physics/lev_davidovich_landau.html">Lev Davidovich Landau. Nobel-Winners.</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://arxiv.org/abs/hep-ph/0204295v1">Landau's Theoretical Minimum, Landau's Seminar, ITEP in the Beginning of the 1950s</a> by Boris L. Ioffe, Concluding talk at the workshop <i>QCD at the Threshold of the Fourth Decade/Ioeffest</i>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081205002835/http://www.ejtp.info/landau.html">EJTP Landau Issue 2008.</a></li> <li>Ammar Sakaji and Ignazio Licata (eds), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110717205824/https://www.novapublishers.com/catalog/product_info.php?products_id=9382">Lev Davidovich Landau and his Impact on Contemporary Theoretical Physics</a>, Nova Science Publishers, New York, 2009.</li> <li>Gennady Gorelik, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://academic.evergreen.edu/z/zita/articles/History/landau.pdf">"The Top Secret Life of Lev Landau"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131029192800/http://academic.evergreen.edu/z/zita/articles/History/landau.pdf">Archived</a> 2013년 10월 29일 - <a href="/wiki/%EC%9B%A8%EC%9D%B4%EB%B0%B1_%EB%A8%B8%EC%8B%A0" title="웨이백 머신">웨이백 머신</a>, <i>Scientific American</i>, Aug. 1997, vol. 277(2), 53–57.</li> <li>Maya Bessarab, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ega-math.narod.ru/Landau/Dau1971.htm">"Landau's Life Pages(in Russian)"</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="외부_링크"><span id=".EC.99.B8.EB.B6.80_.EB.A7.81.ED.81.AC"></span>외부 링크</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%A0%88%ED%94%84_%EB%9E%80%EB%8B%A4%EC%9A%B0&amp;action=edit&amp;section=23" title="부분 편집: 외부 링크"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div id="section_SpokenWikipedia" class="infobox sisterproject plainlinks haudio"><div style="text-align: center; white-space:nowrap"><b>이 문서의 내용 듣기</b> (<a href="/wiki/%ED%8C%8C%EC%9D%BC:Lev_Landau.ogg" title="파일:Lev Landau.ogg">info/dl</a>) <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="200" style="width:200px;" data-durationhint="2401" data-mwtitle="Lev_Landau.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6c/Lev_Landau.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs=&quot;vorbis&quot;" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6c/Lev_Landau.ogg/Lev_Landau.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span><figcaption>noicon</figcaption></figure> </div> <p><br /> </p> <div style="float: left; margin-left: 5px;"><figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><span title="말하는 위키백과"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Sound-icon.svg/40px-Sound-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Sound-icon.svg/60px-Sound-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Sound-icon.svg/80px-Sound-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="96" /></span><figcaption>말하는 위키백과</figcaption></figure></div> <div style="font-size: smaller; line-height: 1.6em; margin-left: 60px;">이 오디오 파일은 "<span class="fn">레프 란다우</span>" 문서의 판을 읽은 것이며 이후 편집 내용은 반영되지 않습니다. (<a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%B0%B1%EA%B3%BC:%EB%AF%B8%EB%94%94%EC%96%B4_%EB%8F%84%EC%9B%80%EB%A7%90" class="mw-redirect" title="위키백과:미디어 도움말">오디오 도움말</a>)</div> <div style="text-align: center; clear: both"><b><a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%B0%B1%EA%B3%BC:%EB%A7%90%ED%95%98%EB%8A%94_%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%B0%B1%EA%B3%BC" title="위키백과:말하는 위키백과">자세한 내용</a></b></div> </div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> 위키미디어 공용에 <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Lev_Landau?uselang=ko">레프 란다우</a></span> 관련 미디어 분류가 있습니다.</li> <li><cite class="citation web">O’Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F. (2003년 10월). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Landau_Lev.html">&#8220;Lev Davidovich Landau&#8221;</a>. &#12298;MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive&#12299; (영어). <a href="/wiki/%EC%84%B8%EC%9D%B8%ED%8A%B8%EC%95%A4%EB%93%9C%EB%A3%A8%EC%8A%A4_%EB%8C%80%ED%95%99%EA%B5%90" title="세인트앤드루스 대학교">세인트앤드루스 대학교</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=MacTutor+History+of+Mathematics+Archive&amp;rft.atitle=Lev+Davidovich+Landau&amp;rft.date=2003-10&amp;rft.aulast=O%E2%80%99Connor&amp;rft.aufirst=John+J.&amp;rft.au=Robertson%2C+Edmund+F.&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk%2FBiographies%2FLandau_Lev.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fko.wikipedia.org%3A%EB%A0%88%ED%94%84+%EB%9E%80%EB%8B%A4%EC%9A%B0" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.genealogy.ams.org/id.php?id=105773">&#8220;Lev Davidovich Landau&#8221;</a>. &#12298;<a href="/wiki/%EC%88%98%ED%95%99_%EA%B3%84%EB%B3%B4_%ED%94%84%EB%A1%9C%EC%A0%9D%ED%8A%B8" title="수학 계보 프로젝트">수학 계보 프로젝트</a>&#12299; (영어). <a href="/wiki/%EB%AF%B8%EA%B5%AD_%EC%88%98%ED%95%99%ED%9A%8C" title="미국 수학회">미국 수학회</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=%EC%88%98%ED%95%99+%EA%B3%84%EB%B3%B4+%ED%94%84%EB%A1%9C%EC%A0%9D%ED%8A%B8&amp;rft.atitle=Lev+Davidovich+Landau&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.genealogy.ams.org%2Fid.php%3Fid%3D105773&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fko.wikipedia.org%3A%EB%A0%88%ED%94%84+%EB%9E%80%EB%8B%A4%EC%9A%B0" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nobelprize.org/laureate/77">레프 란다우</a> - Nobelprize.org <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" 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href="/wiki/%ED%8B%80:%EB%85%B8%EB%B2%A8_%ED%8F%89%ED%99%94%EC%83%81_%EC%88%98%EC%83%81%EC%9E%90" title="틀:노벨 평화상 수상자">평화상</a> | <a href="/wiki/%ED%8B%80:%EB%85%B8%EB%B2%A8_%ED%99%94%ED%95%99%EC%83%81_%EC%88%98%EC%83%81%EC%9E%90" title="틀:노벨 화학상 수상자">화학상</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1901-1925</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1901: <a href="/wiki/%EB%B9%8C%ED%97%AC%EB%A6%84_%EC%BD%98%EB%9D%BC%ED%8A%B8_%EB%A2%B4%ED%8A%B8%EA%B2%90" title="빌헬름 콘라트 뢴트겐">뢴트겐</a></li> <li>1902: <a href="/wiki/%ED%97%A8%EB%93%9C%EB%A6%AD_%EB%A1%9C%EB%9F%B0%EC%B8%A0" title="헨드릭 로런츠">로런츠</a> / <a href="/wiki/%ED%94%BC%ED%84%B0%EB%A5%B4_%EC%A0%9C%EC%9D%B4%EB%A7%8C" title="피터르 제이만">제이만</a></li> <li>1903: <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%99%EB%A6%AC_%EB%B2%A0%ED%81%AC%EB%A0%90" title="앙리 베크렐">베크렐</a> / <a href="/wiki/%ED%94%BC%EC%97%90%EB%A5%B4_%ED%80%B4%EB%A6%AC" title="피에르 퀴리">P. 퀴리</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EB%A7%88%EB%A6%AC_%ED%80%B4%EB%A6%AC" title="마리 퀴리">M. 퀴리</a></li> <li>1904: <a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%9C3%EB%8C%80_%EB%A0%88%EC%9D%BC%EB%A6%AC_%EB%82%A8%EC%9E%91_%EC%A1%B4_%EC%9C%8C%EB%A6%AC%EC%97%84_%EC%8A%A4%ED%8A%B8%EB%9F%BF" title="제3대 레일리 남작 존 윌리엄 스트럿">레일리</a></li> <li>1905: <a href="/wiki/%ED%95%84%EB%A6%AC%ED%94%84_%EB%A0%88%EB%82%98%EB%A5%B4%ED%8A%B8" title="필리프 레나르트">레나르트</a></li> <li>1906: <a href="/wiki/%EC%A1%B0%EC%A7%80%ED%94%84_%EC%A1%B4_%ED%86%B0%EC%8A%A8" title="조지프 존 톰슨">톰슨</a></li> <li>1907: <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%A8%EB%B2%84%ED%8A%B8_%EC%97%90%EC%9D%B4%EB%B8%8C%EB%9F%AC%ED%96%84_%EB%A7%88%EC%9D%B4%EC%BB%AC%EC%8A%A8" title="앨버트 에이브러햄 마이컬슨">마이컬슨</a></li> <li>1908: <a href="/wiki/%EA%B0%80%EB%B8%8C%EB%A6%AC%EC%97%98_%EB%A6%AC%ED%94%84%EB%A7%8C" title="가브리엘 리프만">리프만</a></li> <li>1909: <a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%B4%EB%A6%AC%EC%97%98%EB%AA%A8_%EB%A7%88%EB%A5%B4%EC%BD%94%EB%8B%88" title="굴리엘모 마르코니">마르코니</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%B9%B4%EB%A5%BC_%ED%8E%98%EB%A5%B4%EB%94%94%EB%82%9C%ED%8A%B8_%EB%B8%8C%EB%9D%BC%EC%9A%B4" title="카를 페르디난트 브라운">브라운</a></li> <li>1910: <a href="/wiki/%EC%9A%94%ED%95%98%EB%84%88%EC%8A%A4_%EB%94%94%EB%8D%B0%EB%A6%AD_%ED%8C%90%EB%8D%B0%EB%A5%B4%EB%B0%9C%EC%8A%A4" title="요하너스 디데릭 판데르발스">판데르발스</a></li> <li>1911: <a href="/wiki/%EB%B9%8C%ED%97%AC%EB%A6%84_%EB%B9%88" title="빌헬름 빈">빈</a></li> <li>1912: <a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%AC%EC%8A%A4%ED%83%80%ED%94%84_%EB%8B%AC%EB%A0%8C" title="구스타프 달렌">달렌</a></li> <li>1913: <a href="/wiki/%ED%97%A4%EC%9D%B4%EC%BB%A4_%EC%B9%B4%EB%A9%94%EB%A5%BC%EB%A7%81_%EC%98%A4%EB%84%88%EC%8A%A4" title="헤이커 카메를링 오너스">카메를링 오너스</a></li> <li>1914: <a href="/wiki/%EB%A7%89%EC%8A%A4_%ED%8F%B0_%EB%9D%BC%EC%9A%B0%EC%97%90" title="막스 폰 라우에">라우에</a></li> <li>1915: <a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%8C%EB%A6%AC%EC%97%84_%EB%A1%9C%EB%9F%B0%EC%8A%A4_%EB%B8%8C%EB%9E%98%EA%B7%B8" title="윌리엄 로런스 브래그">W. L. 브래그</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%8C%EB%A6%AC%EC%97%84_%ED%97%A8%EB%A6%AC_%EB%B8%8C%EB%9E%98%EA%B7%B8" title="윌리엄 헨리 브래그">W. H. 브래그</a></li> <li>1917: <a href="/wiki/%EC%B0%B0%EC%8A%A4_%EA%B8%80%EB%9F%AC%EB%B2%84_%EB%B0%94%ED%81%B4%EB%9D%BC" title="찰스 글러버 바클라">바클라</a></li> <li>1918: <a href="/wiki/%EB%A7%89%EC%8A%A4_%ED%94%8C%EB%9E%91%ED%81%AC" title="막스 플랑크">플랑크</a></li> <li>1919: <a href="/wiki/%EC%9A%94%ED%95%98%EB%84%A4%EC%8A%A4_%EC%8A%88%ED%83%80%EB%A5%B4%ED%81%AC" title="요하네스 슈타르크">슈타르크</a></li> <li>1920: <a href="/wiki/%EC%83%A4%EB%A5%BC_%EC%97%90%EB%91%90%EC%95%84%EB%A5%B4_%EA%B8%B0%EC%9A%A4" title="샤를 에두아르 기욤">기욤</a></li> <li>1921: <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%8C%EB%B2%A0%EB%A5%B4%ED%8A%B8_%EC%95%84%EC%9D%B8%EC%8A%88%ED%83%80%EC%9D%B8" title="알베르트 아인슈타인">아인슈타인</a></li> <li>1922: <a href="/wiki/%EB%8B%90%EC%8A%A4_%EB%B3%B4%EC%96%B4" title="닐스 보어">N. 보어</a></li> <li>1923: <a href="/wiki/%EB%A1%9C%EB%B2%84%ED%8A%B8_%EC%95%A4%EB%93%9C%EB%A3%A8%EC%8A%A4_%EB%B0%80%EB%A6%AC%EC%BB%A8" title="로버트 앤드루스 밀리컨">밀리컨</a></li> <li>1924: <a href="/wiki/%EB%A7%8C%EB%84%A4_%EC%8B%9C%EA%B7%B8%EB%B0%98" title="만네 시그반">M. 시그반</a></li> <li>1925: <a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%9C%EC%9E%84%EC%8A%A4_%ED%94%84%EB%9E%91%ED%81%AC" title="제임스 프랑크">프랑크</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%AC%EC%8A%A4%ED%83%80%ED%94%84_%ED%97%A4%EB%A5%B4%EC%B8%A0" title="구스타프 헤르츠">헤르츠</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1926-1950</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1926: <a href="/wiki/%EC%9E%A5_%EB%B0%94%ED%8B%B0%EC%8A%A4%ED%8A%B8_%ED%8E%98%EB%9E%AD" title="장 바티스트 페랭">페랭</a></li> <li>1927: <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%84%EC%84%9C_%EC%BD%A4%ED%94%84%ED%84%B4" title="아서 콤프턴">콤프턴</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%B0%B0%EC%8A%A4_%ED%86%B0%EC%8A%A8_%EB%A6%AC%EC%8A%A4_%EC%9C%8C%EC%8A%A8" title="찰스 톰슨 리스 윌슨">C. 윌슨</a></li> <li>1928: <a href="/wiki/%EC%98%A4%EC%96%B8_%EC%9C%8C%EB%9F%B0%EC%8A%A4_%EB%A6%AC%EC%B2%98%EB%93%9C%EC%8A%A8" title="오언 윌런스 리처드슨">O. 리처드슨</a></li> <li>1929: <a href="/wiki/%EB%A3%A8%EC%9D%B4_%EB%93%9C_%EB%B8%8C%EB%A1%9C%EC%9D%B4" title="루이 드 브로이">드브로이</a></li> <li>1930: <a href="/wiki/%EC%B0%AC%EB%93%9C%EB%9D%BC%EC%84%B8%EC%B9%B4%EB%9D%BC_%EB%B2%B5%EC%B9%B4%ED%83%80_%EB%9D%BC%EB%A7%8C" title="찬드라세카라 벵카타 라만">라만</a></li> <li>1932: <a href="/wiki/%EB%B2%A0%EB%A5%B4%EB%84%88_%ED%95%98%EC%9D%B4%EC%A0%A0%EB%B2%A0%EB%A5%B4%ED%81%AC" title="베르너 하이젠베르크">하이젠베르크</a></li> <li>1933: <a href="/wiki/%EC%97%90%EB%A5%B4%EB%B9%88_%EC%8A%88%EB%A2%B0%EB%94%A9%EA%B1%B0" title="에르빈 슈뢰딩거">슈뢰딩거</a> / <a href="/wiki/%ED%8F%B4_%EB%94%94%EB%9E%99" title="폴 디랙">디랙</a></li> <li>1934: <a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%9C%EC%9E%84%EC%8A%A4_%EC%B1%84%EB%93%9C%EC%9C%85" title="제임스 채드윅">채드윅</a></li> <li>1936: <a href="/wiki/%EB%B9%85%ED%86%A0%EB%A5%B4_%ED%94%84%EB%9E%80%EC%B8%A0_%ED%97%A4%EC%8A%A4" title="빅토르 프란츠 헤스">헤스</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%B9%BC_%EB%8D%B0%EC%9D%B4%EB%B9%84%EB%93%9C_%EC%95%A4%EB%8D%94%EC%8A%A8" title="칼 데이비드 앤더슨">C. D. 앤더슨</a></li> <li>1937: <a href="/wiki/%ED%81%B4%EB%A6%B0%ED%84%B4_%EC%A1%B0%EC%A7%80%ED%94%84_%EB%8D%B0%EC%9D%B4%EB%B9%84%EC%8A%A8" title="클린턴 조지프 데이비슨">데이비슨</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%A1%B0%EC%A7%80_%ED%8C%A8%EC%A7%93_%ED%86%B0%EC%8A%A8" title="조지 패짓 톰슨">톰슨</a></li> <li>1938: <a href="/wiki/%EC%97%94%EB%A6%AC%EC%BD%94_%ED%8E%98%EB%A5%B4%EB%AF%B8" title="엔리코 페르미">페르미</a></li> <li>1939: <a href="/wiki/%EC%96%B4%EB%8B%88%EC%8A%A4%ED%8A%B8_%EB%A1%9C%EB%9F%B0%EC%8A%A4" title="어니스트 로런스">로런스</a></li> <li>1943: <a href="/wiki/%EC%98%A4%ED%86%A0_%EC%8A%88%ED%85%8C%EB%A5%B8" title="오토 슈테른">슈테른</a></li> <li>1944: <a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EC%A7%80%EB%8F%84%EC%96%B4_%EC%95%84%EC%9D%B4%EC%9E%91_%EB%9D%BC%EB%B9%84" title="이지도어 아이작 라비">라비</a></li> <li>1945: <a href="/wiki/%EB%B3%BC%ED%94%84%EA%B0%95_%ED%8C%8C%EC%9A%B8%EB%A6%AC" title="볼프강 파울리">파울리</a></li> <li>1946: <a href="/wiki/%ED%8D%BC%EC%8B%9C_%EC%9C%8C%EB%A6%AC%EC%97%84%EC%8A%A4_%EB%B8%8C%EB%A6%AC%EC%A7%80%EB%A8%BC" title="퍼시 윌리엄스 브리지먼">브리지먼</a></li> <li>1947: <a href="/wiki/%EC%97%90%EB%93%9C%EC%9B%8C%EB%93%9C_%EB%B9%85%ED%84%B0_%EC%95%A0%ED%94%8C%ED%84%B4" title="에드워드 빅터 애플턴">애플턴</a></li> <li>1948: <a href="/wiki/%ED%8C%A8%ED%8A%B8%EB%A6%AD_%EB%A9%94%EC%9D%B4%EB%84%88%EB%93%9C_%EC%8A%A4%ED%8A%9C%EC%96%B4%ED%8A%B8_%EB%B8%94%EB%9E%98%ED%82%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="패트릭 메이너드 스튜어트 블래킷">블래킷</a></li> <li>1949: <a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%A0%EC%B9%B4%EC%99%80_%ED%9E%88%EB%8D%B0%ED%82%A4" title="유카와 히데키">유카와</a></li> <li>1950: <a href="/wiki/%EC%84%B8%EC%8B%A4_%ED%94%84%EB%9E%AD%ED%81%AC_%ED%8C%8C%EC%9B%94" title="세실 프랭크 파월">파월</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1951-1975</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1951: <a href="/wiki/%EC%A1%B4_%EC%BD%95%ED%81%AC%EB%A1%9C%ED%94%84%ED%8A%B8" title="존 콕크로프트">콕크로프트</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%96%B4%EB%8B%88%EC%8A%A4%ED%8A%B8_%EC%9B%94%ED%84%B4" title="어니스트 월턴">월턴</a></li> <li>1952: <a href="/wiki/%ED%8E%A0%EB%A6%AD%EC%8A%A4_%EB%B8%94%EB%A1%9C%ED%9D%90" title="펠릭스 블로흐">블로흐</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%97%90%EB%93%9C%EC%9B%8C%EB%93%9C_%EB%B0%80%EC%8A%A4_%ED%8D%BC%EC%85%80" title="에드워드 밀스 퍼셀">퍼셀</a></li> <li>1953: <a href="/wiki/%ED%94%84%EB%A6%AC%EC%B8%A0_%EC%A0%9C%EB%A5%B4%EB%8B%88%EC%BB%A4" title="프리츠 제르니커">제르니커</a></li> <li>1954: <a href="/wiki/%EB%A7%89%EC%8A%A4_%EB%B3%B4%EB%A5%B8" title="막스 보른">보른</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EB%B0%9C%ED%84%B0_%EB%B3%B4%ED%85%8C" title="발터 보테">보테</a></li> <li>1955: <a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%8C%EB%A6%AC%EC%8A%A4_%EC%9C%A0%EC%A7%84_%EB%9E%A8" title="윌리스 유진 램">램</a> / <a href="/wiki/%ED%8F%B4%EB%A6%AC%EC%B9%B4%ED%94%84_%EC%BF%A0%EC%8B%9C" title="폴리카프 쿠시">쿠시</a></li> <li>1956: <a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%8C%EB%A6%AC%EC%97%84_%EC%87%BC%ED%81%B4%EB%A6%AC" title="윌리엄 쇼클리">쇼클리</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%A1%B4_%EB%B0%94%EB%94%98" title="존 바딘">바딘</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%9B%94%ED%84%B0_%ED%95%98%EC%9A%B0%EC%A0%80_%EB%B8%8C%EB%9E%98%ED%8A%BC" title="월터 하우저 브래튼">브래튼</a></li> <li>1957: <a href="/wiki/%EC%96%91%EC%A0%84%EB%8B%9D" title="양전닝">양전닝</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EB%A6%AC%EC%A0%95%EB%8B%A4%EC%98%A4" title="리정다오">리정다오</a></li> <li>1958: <a href="/wiki/%ED%8C%8C%EB%B2%A8_%EC%B2%B4%EB%A0%8C%EC%BD%94%ED%94%84" title="파벨 체렌코프">체렌코프</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%BC%EB%A6%AC%EC%95%BC_%ED%94%84%EB%9E%80%ED%81%AC" title="일리야 프란크">프란크</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EA%B3%A0%EB%A6%AC_%ED%83%90" title="이고리 탐">탐</a></li> <li>1959: <a href="/wiki/%EC%97%90%EB%B0%80%EB%A6%AC%EC%98%A4_%EC%A7%80%EB%85%B8_%EC%84%B8%EA%B7%B8%EB%A0%88" title="에밀리오 지노 세그레">세그레</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%98%A4%EC%96%B8_%EC%B2%B4%EC%9E%84%EB%B2%8C%EB%A6%B0" title="오언 체임벌린">체임벌린</a></li> <li>1960: <a href="/wiki/%EB%8F%84%EB%84%90%EB%93%9C_%EA%B8%80%EB%A0%88%EC%9D%B4%EC%A0%80" title="도널드 글레이저">글레이저</a></li> <li>1961: <a href="/wiki/%EB%A1%9C%EB%B2%84%ED%8A%B8_%ED%98%B8%ED%94%84%EC%8A%A4%ED%83%9C%ED%84%B0" title="로버트 호프스태터">호프스태터</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EB%A3%A8%EB%8F%8C%ED%94%84_%EB%AB%BC%EC%8A%A4%EB%B0%94%EC%9A%B0%EC%96%B4" title="루돌프 뫼스바우어">뫼스바우어</a></li> <li>1962: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">란다우</a></li> <li>1963: <a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%A0%EC%A7%84_%EC%9C%84%EA%B7%B8%EB%84%88" title="유진 위그너">위그너</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EB%A7%88%EB%A6%AC%EC%95%84_%EA%B4%B4%ED%8D%BC%ED%8A%B8%EB%A9%94%EC%9D%B4%EC%96%B4" title="마리아 괴퍼트메이어">괴퍼트메이어</a> / <a href="/wiki/J._%ED%95%9C%EC%8A%A4_D._%EC%98%8C%EC%A0%A0" title="J. 한스 D. 옌젠">옌젠</a></li> <li>1964: <a href="/wiki/%EC%B0%B0%EC%8A%A4_%ED%95%98%EB%93%9C_%ED%83%80%EC%9A%B4%EC%8A%A4" title="찰스 하드 타운스">타운스</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EB%8B%88%EC%BD%9C%EB%9D%BC%EC%9D%B4_%EB%B0%94%EC%86%8C%ED%94%84" title="니콜라이 바소프">바소프</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%8C%EB%A0%89%EC%82%B0%EB%93%9C%EB%A5%B4_%ED%94%84%EB%A1%9C%ED%98%B8%EB%A1%9C%ED%94%84" title="알렉산드르 프로호로프">프로호로프</a></li> <li>1965: <a href="/wiki/%EB%8F%84%EB%AA%A8%EB%82%98%EA%B0%80_%EC%8B%A0%EC%9D%B4%EC%B9%98%EB%A1%9C" title="도모나가 신이치로">도모나가</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%A4%84%EB%A6%AC%EC%96%B8_%EC%8A%88%EC%9C%99%EA%B1%B0" title="줄리언 슈윙거">슈윙거</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EB%A6%AC%EC%B2%98%EB%93%9C_%ED%8C%8C%EC%9D%B8%EB%A7%8C" title="리처드 파인만">파인만</a></li> <li>1966: <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%8C%ED%94%84%EB%A0%88%EB%93%9C_%EC%B9%B4%EC%8A%A4%ED%8B%80%EB%A0%88%EB%A5%B4" title="알프레드 카스틀레르">카스틀레르</a></li> <li>1967: <a href="/wiki/%ED%95%9C%EC%8A%A4_%EB%B2%A0%ED%85%8C" title="한스 베테">베테</a></li> <li>1968: <a href="/wiki/%EB%A3%A8%EC%9D%B4%EC%8A%A4_%EC%9B%94%ED%84%B0_%EC%95%A8%EB%B2%84%EB%A0%88%EC%A6%88" title="루이스 월터 앨버레즈">앨버레즈</a></li> <li>1969: <a href="/wiki/%EB%A8%B8%EB%A6%AC_%EA%B2%94%EB%A7%8C" title="머리 겔만">겔만</a></li> <li>1970: <a href="/wiki/%ED%95%9C%EB%84%A4%EC%8A%A4_%EC%95%8C%EB%B2%A4" title="한네스 알벤">알벤</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EB%A3%A8%EC%9D%B4_%EB%84%A4%EC%97%98" title="루이 네엘">네엘</a></li> <li>1971: <a href="/wiki/%EB%8D%B0%EB%8B%88%EC%8A%A4_%EA%B0%80%EB%B3%B4%EB%A5%B4" title="데니스 가보르">가보르</a></li> <li>1972: <a href="/wiki/%EC%A1%B4_%EB%B0%94%EB%94%98" title="존 바딘">바딘</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EB%A6%AC%EC%96%B8_%EC%BF%A0%ED%8D%BC" title="리언 쿠퍼">쿠퍼</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%A1%B4_%EB%A1%9C%EB%B2%84%ED%8A%B8_%EC%8A%88%EB%A6%AC%ED%8D%BC" title="존 로버트 슈리퍼">슈리퍼</a></li> <li>1973: <a href="/wiki/%EC%97%90%EC%82%AC%ED%82%A4_%EB%A0%88%EC%98%A4%EB%82%98" title="에사키 레오나">에사키</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EB%B0%94%EB%A5%B4_%EC%98%88%EB%B2%A0%EB%A5%B4" title="이바르 예베르">예베르</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EB%B8%8C%EB%9D%BC%EC%9D%B4%EC%96%B8_%EB%8D%B0%EC%9D%B4%EB%B9%84%EB%93%9C_%EC%A1%B0%EC%A7%80%ED%94%84%EC%8A%A8" title="브라이언 데이비드 조지프슨">조지프슨</a></li> <li>1974: <a href="/wiki/%EB%A7%88%ED%8B%B4_%EB%9D%BC%EC%9D%BC" title="마틴 라일">라일</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%A4%ED%84%B0%EB%8B%88_%ED%9C%B4%EC%9D%B4%EC%8B%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="앤터니 휴이시">휴이시</a></li> <li>1975: <a href="/wiki/%EC%98%A4%EA%B2%8C_%EB%8B%90%EC%8A%A4_%EB%B3%B4%EC%96%B4" title="오게 닐스 보어">A. 보어</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EB%B2%A4_%EB%A1%9C%EC%9C%84_%EB%AA%A8%ED%85%94%EC%86%90" title="벤 로위 모텔손">모텔손</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%9C%EC%9E%84%EC%8A%A4_%EB%A0%88%EC%9D%B8%EC%9B%8C%ED%84%B0" title="제임스 레인워터">레인워터</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1976-2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1976: <a href="/wiki/%EB%B2%84%ED%84%B4_%EB%A6%AD%ED%84%B0" title="버턴 릭터">릭터</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%83%88%EB%AE%A4%EC%96%BC_%EC%B0%A8%EC%98%A4_%EC%B6%A9_%ED%8C%85" title="새뮤얼 차오 충 팅">팅</a></li> <li>1977: <a href="/wiki/%ED%95%84%EB%A6%BD_%EC%9B%8C%EB%9F%B0_%EC%95%A4%EB%8D%94%EC%8A%A8" title="필립 워런 앤더슨">P. W. 앤더슨</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EB%84%A4%EB%B9%8C_%ED%94%84%EB%9E%9C%EC%8B%9C%EC%8A%A4_%EB%AA%A8%ED%8A%B8" title="네빌 프랜시스 모트">모트</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%A1%B4_%ED%95%B4%EC%A6%88%EB%B8%8C%EB%A3%A9_%EB%B0%B4%EB%B8%94%EB%A0%89" title="존 해즈브룩 밴블렉">밴블렉</a></li> <li>1978: <a href="/wiki/%ED%91%9C%ED%8A%B8%EB%A5%B4_%EB%A0%88%EC%98%A4%EB%8B%88%EB%8F%84%EB%B9%84%EC%B9%98_%EC%B9%B4%ED%94%BC%EC%B0%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="표트르 레오니도비치 카피차">카피차</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%84%EB%85%B8_%EC%95%A8%EB%9F%B0_%ED%8E%9C%EC%A7%80%EC%96%B4%EC%8A%A4" title="아노 앨런 펜지어스">펜지어스</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EB%A1%9C%EB%B2%84%ED%8A%B8_%EC%9A%B0%EB%93%9C%EB%A1%9C_%EC%9C%8C%EC%8A%A8" title="로버트 우드로 윌슨">R. 윌슨</a></li> <li>1979: <a href="/wiki/%EC%85%B8%EB%8D%98_%EB%A6%AC_%EA%B8%80%EB%9E%98%EC%87%BC" title="셸던 리 글래쇼">글래쇼</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%95%EB%91%90%EC%8A%A4_%EC%82%B4%EB%9E%8C" title="압두스 살람">살람</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%8A%A4%ED%8B%B0%EB%B8%90_%EC%99%80%EC%9D%B8%EB%B2%84%EA%B7%B8" title="스티븐 와인버그">와인버그</a></li> <li>1980: <a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%9C%EC%9E%84%EC%8A%A4_%EC%99%93%EC%8A%A8_%ED%81%AC%EB%A1%9C%EB%8B%8C" title="제임스 왓슨 크로닌">크로닌</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EB%B0%B8_%EB%A1%9C%EA%B7%B8%EC%A6%88%EB%8D%98_%ED%94%BC%EC%B9%98" title="밸 로그즈던 피치">피치</a></li> <li>1981: <a href="/wiki/%EB%8B%88%EC%BD%9C%EB%9D%BC%EC%8A%A4_%EB%B8%94%EB%A3%B8%EB%B2%A0%EB%A5%B4%ED%97%8C" title="니콜라스 블룸베르헌">블룸베르헌</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%84%EC%84%9C_%EB%A0%88%EB%84%88%EB%93%9C_%EC%88%84%EB%A1%9C" title="아서 레너드 숄로">숄로</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%B9%B4%EC%9D%B4_%EC%8B%9C%EA%B7%B8%EB%B0%98" title="카이 시그반">K. 시그반</a></li> <li>1982: <a href="/wiki/%EC%BC%80%EB%84%A4%EC%8A%A4_G._%EC%9C%8C%EC%8A%A8" title="케네스 G. 윌슨">K. 윌슨</a></li> <li>1983: <a href="/wiki/%EC%88%98%EB%B8%8C%EB%9D%BC%EB%A7%88%EB%8B%88%EC%95%88_%EC%B0%AC%EB%93%9C%EB%9D%BC%EC%84%B8%EC%B9%B4%EB%A5%B4" title="수브라마니안 찬드라세카르">찬드라세카르</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%8C%EB%A6%AC%EC%97%84_%EC%95%A8%ED%94%84%EB%A6%AC%EB%93%9C_%ED%8C%8C%EC%9A%B8%EB%9F%AC" title="윌리엄 앨프리드 파울러">파울러</a></li> <li>1984: <a href="/wiki/%EC%B9%B4%EB%A5%BC%EB%A1%9C_%EB%A3%A8%EB%B9%84%EC%95%84" title="카를로 루비아">루비아</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%8B%9C%EB%AA%AC_%ED%8C%90_%EB%8D%B0%EB%A5%B4_%EB%A9%94%EC%9D%B4%EB%A5%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="시몬 판 데르 메이르">판데르메이르</a></li> <li>1985: <a href="/wiki/%ED%81%B4%EB%9D%BC%EC%9A%B0%EC%8A%A4_%ED%8F%B0_%ED%81%B4%EB%A6%AC%EC%B9%AD" title="클라우스 폰 클리칭">폰 클리칭</a></li> <li>1986: <a href="/wiki/%EC%97%90%EB%A5%B8%EC%8A%A4%ED%8A%B8_%EB%A3%A8%EC%8A%A4%EC%B9%B4" title="에른스트 루스카">루스카</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EA%B2%8C%EB%A5%B4%ED%8A%B8_%EB%B9%84%EB%8B%88%ED%9E%88" title="게르트 비니히">비니히</a> / <a href="/wiki/%ED%95%98%EC%9D%B8%EB%A6%AC%ED%9E%88_%EB%A1%9C%EB%9F%AC" title="하인리히 로러">로러</a></li> <li>1987: <a href="/wiki/%EC%9A%94%ED%95%98%EB%84%A4%EC%8A%A4_%EA%B2%8C%EC%98%A4%EB%A5%B4%ED%81%AC_%EB%B2%A0%EB%93%9C%EB%85%B8%EB%A5%B4%EC%B8%A0" title="요하네스 게오르크 베드노르츠">베드노르츠</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%B9%B4%EB%A5%BC_%EC%95%8C%EB%A0%89%EC%82%B0%EB%8D%94_%EB%AE%90%EB%9F%AC" title="카를 알렉산더 뮐러">뮐러</a></li> <li>1988: <a href="/wiki/%EB%A6%AC%EC%96%B8_%EB%A0%88%EB%8D%94%EB%A8%BC" title="리언 레더먼">레더먼</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EB%A9%9C%EB%B9%88_%EC%8A%88%EC%9B%8C%EC%B8%A0" title="멜빈 슈워츠">슈워츠</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%9E%AD_%EC%8A%A4%ED%83%80%EC%9D%B8%EB%B2%84%EA%B1%B0" title="잭 스타인버거">스타인버거</a></li> <li>1989: <a href="/wiki/%EB%85%B8%EB%A8%BC_%ED%8F%AC%EC%8A%A4%ED%84%B0_%EB%9E%A8%EC%A7%80" title="노먼 포스터 램지">램지</a> / <a href="/wiki/%ED%95%9C%EC%8A%A4_%EA%B2%8C%EC%98%A4%EB%A5%B4%ED%81%AC_%EB%8D%B0%EB%A9%9C%ED%8A%B8" title="한스 게오르크 데멜트">데멜트</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EB%B3%BC%ED%94%84%EA%B0%95_%ED%8C%8C%EC%9A%B8" title="볼프강 파울">파울</a></li> <li>1990: <a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%9C%EB%A1%AC_%EC%95%84%EC%9D%B4%EC%9E%91_%ED%94%84%EB%A6%AC%EB%93%9C%EB%A8%BC" title="제롬 아이작 프리드먼">프리드먼</a> / <a href="/wiki/%ED%97%A8%EB%A6%AC_%EC%9B%A8%EC%9D%B4_%EC%BC%84%EB%93%A4" title="헨리 웨이 켄들">켄들</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EB%A6%AC%EC%B2%98%EB%93%9C_E._%ED%85%8C%EC%9D%BC%EB%9F%AC" title="리처드 E. 테일러">R. 테일러</a></li> <li>1991: <a href="/wiki/%ED%94%BC%EC%97%90%EB%A5%B4%EC%A7%88_%EB%93%9C_%EC%A0%A0" title="피에르질 드 젠">드 젠</a></li> <li>1992: <a href="/wiki/%EC%A1%B0%EB%A5%B4%EC%A3%BC_%EC%83%A4%EB%A5%B4%ED%8C%8C%ED%81%AC" title="조르주 샤르파크">샤르파크</a></li> <li>1993: <a href="/wiki/%EB%9F%AC%EC%85%80_%EC%95%A8%EB%9F%B0_%ED%97%90%EC%8A%A4" title="러셀 앨런 헐스">헐스</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%A1%B0%EC%A7%80%ED%94%84_%ED%9B%84%ED%84%B4_%ED%85%8C%EC%9D%BC%EB%9F%AC_%EC%A3%BC%EB%8B%88%EC%96%B4" title="조지프 후턴 테일러 주니어">J. 테일러</a></li> <li>1994: <a href="/wiki/%EB%B2%84%ED%8A%B8%EB%9F%BC_%EB%B8%8C%EB%A1%9D%ED%95%98%EC%9A%B0%EC%8A%A4" title="버트럼 브록하우스">브록하우스</a> / <a href="/wiki/%ED%81%B4%EB%A6%AC%ED%8D%BC%EB%93%9C_%EC%8A%90" title="클리퍼드 슐">슐</a></li> <li>1995: <a href="/wiki/%EB%A7%88%ED%8B%B4_%EB%A3%A8%EC%9D%B4%EC%8A%A4_%ED%8E%84" title="마틴 루이스 펄">펄</a> / <a href="/wiki/%ED%94%84%EB%A0%88%EB%8D%94%EB%A6%AD_%EB%9D%BC%EC%9D%B4%EB%84%A4%EC%8A%A4" class="mw-redirect" title="프레더릭 라이네스">라이네스</a></li> <li>1996: <a href="/wiki/%EB%8D%B0%EC%9D%B4%EB%B9%84%EB%93%9C_%EB%AA%A8%EB%A6%AC%EC%8A%A4_%EB%A6%AC" title="데이비드 모리스 리">D. 리</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EB%8D%94%EA%B8%80%EB%9F%AC%EC%8A%A4_%EC%98%A4%EC%85%94%EB%A1%9C%ED%94%84" title="더글러스 오셔로프">오셔로프</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EB%A1%9C%EB%B2%84%ED%8A%B8_%EC%BD%9C%EB%A8%BC_%EB%A6%AC%EC%B2%98%EB%93%9C%EC%8A%A8" title="로버트 콜먼 리처드슨">R. 리처드슨</a></li> <li>1997: <a href="/wiki/%EC%8A%A4%ED%8B%B0%EB%B8%90_%EC%B6%94" title="스티븐 추">추</a> / <a href="/wiki/%ED%81%B4%EB%A1%9C%EB%93%9C_%EC%BD%94%EC%97%94%ED%83%80%EB%88%84%EC%A7%80" title="클로드 코엔타누지">코엔타누지</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%8C%EB%A6%AC%EC%97%84_%EB%8C%80%EB%8B%88%EC%96%BC_%ED%95%84%EB%A6%BD%EC%8A%A4" title="윌리엄 대니얼 필립스">필립스</a></li> <li>1998: <a href="/wiki/%EB%A1%9C%EB%B2%84%ED%8A%B8_B._%EB%A1%9C%ED%94%8C%EB%A6%B0" title="로버트 B. 로플린">로플린</a> / <a href="/wiki/%ED%98%B8%EB%A5%B4%EC%8A%A4%ED%8A%B8_%EB%A3%A8%ED%8A%B8%EB%B9%84%ED%9E%88_%EC%8A%88%ED%87%B4%EB%A5%B4%EB%A8%B8" title="호르스트 루트비히 슈퇴르머">슈퇴르머</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EB%8C%80%EB%8B%88%EC%96%BC_%EC%B6%94%EC%9D%B4" title="대니얼 추이">추이</a></li> <li>1999: <a href="/wiki/%ED%97%A4%EB%9D%BC%EB%A5%B4%EB%92%A4%EC%8A%A4_%EC%97%87%ED%98%B8%ED%94%84%ED%8A%B8" title="헤라르뒤스 엇호프트">엇호프트</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EB%A7%88%EB%A5%B4%ED%8B%B0%EB%89%98%EC%8A%A4_%ED%8E%A0%ED%8A%B8%EB%A7%8C" title="마르티뉘스 펠트만">펠트만</a></li> <li>2000: <a href="/wiki/%EC%A1%B0%EB%A0%88%EC%8A%A4_%EC%95%8C%ED%91%9C%EB%A1%9C%ED%94%84" title="조레스 알표로프">알표로프</a> / <a href="/wiki/%ED%97%88%EB%B2%84%ED%8A%B8_%ED%81%AC%EB%A2%B0%EB%A8%B8" title="허버트 크뢰머">크뢰머</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%9E%AD_%ED%82%AC%EB%B9%84" title="잭 킬비">킬비</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2001-현재</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>2001: <a href="/wiki/%EC%97%90%EB%A6%AD_%EC%96%BC%EB%A6%B0_%EC%BD%94%EB%84%AC" title="에릭 얼린 코넬">코넬</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EB%B3%BC%ED%94%84%EA%B0%95_%EC%BC%80%ED%84%B8%EB%A6%AC" title="볼프강 케털리">케털리</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%B9%BC_%EC%9C%84%EB%A8%BC" title="칼 위먼">위먼</a></li> <li>2002: <a href="/wiki/%EB%A0%88%EC%9D%B4%EB%A8%BC%EB%93%9C_%EB%8D%B0%EC%9D%B4%EB%B9%84%EC%8A%A4" title="레이먼드 데이비스">데이비스</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EA%B3%A0%EC%8B%9C%EB%B0%94_%EB%A7%88%EC%82%AC%ED%86%A0%EC%8B%9C" title="고시바 마사토시">고시바</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EB%A6%AC%EC%B9%B4%EB%A5%B4%EB%8F%84_%EC%9E%90%EC%BD%94%EB%8B%88" title="리카르도 자코니">자코니</a></li> <li>2003: <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%8C%EB%A0%89%EC%84%B8%EC%9D%B4_%EC%95%8C%EB%A0%89%EC%84%B8%EC%98%88%EB%B9%84%EC%B9%98_%EC%95%84%EB%B8%8C%EB%A6%AC%EC%BD%94%EC%86%8C%ED%94%84" title="알렉세이 알렉세예비치 아브리코소프">아브리코소프</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EB%B9%84%ED%83%88%EB%A6%AC_%EA%B8%B4%EC%A6%88%EB%B6%80%EB%A5%B4%ED%81%AC" title="비탈리 긴즈부르크">긴즈부르크</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%A4%EC%84%9C%EB%8B%88_%EB%A0%88%EA%B9%83" title="앤서니 레깃">레깃</a></li> <li>2004: <a href="/wiki/%EB%8D%B0%EC%9D%B4%EB%B9%84%EB%93%9C_%EA%B7%B8%EB%A1%9C%EC%8A%A4" title="데이비드 그로스">그로스</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EB%8D%B0%EC%9D%B4%EB%B9%84%EB%93%9C_%ED%8F%B4%EB%A6%AC%EC%B2%98" title="데이비드 폴리처">폴리처</a> / <a href="/wiki/%ED%94%84%EB%9E%AD%ED%81%AC_%EC%9C%8C%EC%B2%B5" title="프랭크 윌첵">윌첵</a></li> <li>2005: <a href="/wiki/%EB%A1%9C%EC%9D%B4_J._%EA%B8%80%EB%9D%BC%EC%9A%B0%EB%B2%84" title="로이 J. 글라우버">글라우버</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%A1%B4_L._%ED%99%80" title="존 L. 홀">홀</a> / <a href="/wiki/%ED%85%8C%EC%98%A4%EB%8F%84%EC%96%B4_W._%ED%97%A8%EC%8A%88" title="테오도어 W. 헨슈">헨슈</a></li> <li>2006: <a href="/wiki/%EC%A1%B4_C._%EB%A7%A4%EB%8D%94" title="존 C. 매더">매더</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%A1%B0%EC%A7%80_%EC%8A%A4%EB%AC%B4%ED%8A%B8" title="조지 스무트">스무트</a></li> <li>2007: <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%8C%EB%B2%A0%EB%A5%B4_%ED%8E%98%EB%A5%B4" title="알베르 페르">페르</a> / <a href="/wiki/%ED%8E%98%ED%84%B0_%EA%B7%B8%EB%A5%80%EB%B2%A0%EB%A5%B4%ED%81%AC" title="페터 그륀베르크">그륀베르크</a></li> <li>2008: <a href="/wiki/%EB%82%9C%EB%B6%80_%EC%9A%94%EC%9D%B4%EC%B9%98%EB%A1%9C" title="난부 요이치로">난부</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EA%B3%A0%EB%B0%94%EC%95%BC%EC%8B%9C_%EB%A7%88%EC%BD%94%ED%86%A0_(%EB%AC%BC%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%99%EC%9E%90)" title="고바야시 마코토 (물리학자)">고바야시</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EB%A7%88%EC%8A%A4%EC%B9%B4%EC%99%80_%EB%8F%84%EC%8B%9C%ED%9E%88%EB%8D%B0" title="마스카와 도시히데">마스카와</a></li> <li>2009: <a href="/wiki/%EC%B0%B0%EC%8A%A4_K._%EA%B0%80%EC%98%A4" title="찰스 K. 가오">가오</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%8C%EB%9F%AC%EB%93%9C_%EB%B3%B4%EC%9D%BC" title="윌러드 보일">보일</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%A1%B0%EC%A7%80_E._%EC%8A%A4%EB%AF%B8%EC%8A%A4" title="조지 E. 스미스">스미스</a></li> <li>2010: <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%88%EB%93%9C%EB%A0%88_%EA%B0%80%EC%9E%84" title="안드레 가임">가임</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%BD%98%EC%8A%A4%ED%83%84%ED%8B%B4_%EB%85%B8%EB%B3%B4%EC%85%80%EB%A1%9C%ED%94%84" title="콘스탄틴 노보셀로프">노보셀로프</a></li> <li>2011: <a href="/wiki/%EC%86%94_%ED%8E%84%EB%A8%B8%ED%84%B0" title="솔 펄머터">펄머터</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EB%B8%8C%EB%9D%BC%EC%9D%B4%EC%96%B8_%EC%8A%88%EB%B0%8B" title="브라이언 슈밋">슈밋</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%A0%EB%8D%A4_%EB%A6%AC%EC%8A%A4" title="애덤 리스">리스</a></li> <li>2012: <a href="/wiki/%EB%8D%B0%EC%9D%B4%EB%B9%84%EB%93%9C_J._%EC%99%80%EC%9D%B8%EB%9E%9C%EB%93%9C" title="데이비드 J. 와인랜드">와인랜드</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%84%B8%EB%A5%B4%EC%A3%BC_%EC%95%84%EB%A1%9C%EC%8A%88" title="세르주 아로슈">아로슈</a></li> <li>2013: <a href="/wiki/%ED%94%BC%ED%84%B0_%ED%9E%89%EC%8A%A4" title="피터 힉스">힉스</a> / <a href="/wiki/%ED%94%84%EB%9E%91%EC%88%98%EC%95%84_%EC%95%99%EA%B8%80%EB%A0%88%EB%A5%B4" title="프랑수아 앙글레르">앙글레르</a></li> <li>2014: <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%84%EC%B9%B4%EC%82%AC%ED%82%A4_%EC%9D%B4%EC%82%AC%EB%AC%B4" title="아카사키 이사무">아카사키</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%84%EB%A7%88%EB%85%B8_%ED%9E%88%EB%A1%9C%EC%8B%9C" title="아마노 히로시">아마노</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EB%82%98%EC%B9%B4%EB%AC%B4%EB%9D%BC_%EC%8A%88%EC%A7%80" title="나카무라 슈지">나카무라</a></li> <li>2015: <a href="/wiki/%EA%B0%80%EC%A7%80%ED%83%80_%EB%8B%A4%EC%B9%B4%EC%95%84%ED%82%A4" title="가지타 다카아키">가지타</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%84%EC%84%9C_B._%EB%A7%A5%EB%8F%84%EB%84%90%EB%93%9C" title="아서 B. 맥도널드">맥도널드</a></li> <li>2016: <a href="/wiki/%EB%8D%B0%EC%9D%B4%EB%B9%84%EB%93%9C_%EC%82%AC%EC%9A%B8%EB%A0%88%EC%8A%A4" title="데이비드 사울레스">사울레스</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EB%8D%A9%EC%BB%A8_%ED%99%80%EB%8D%B0%EC%9D%B8" title="덩컨 홀데인">홀데인</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EB%A7%88%EC%9D%B4%ED%81%B4_%EC%BD%94%EC%8A%A4%ED%84%B8%EB%A6%AC%EC%B8%A0" title="마이클 코스털리츠">코스털리츠</a></li> <li>2017: <a href="/wiki/%EB%9D%BC%EC%9D%B4%EB%84%88_%EB%B0%94%EC%9D%B4%EC%8A%A4" title="라이너 바이스">바이스</a> / <a href="/wiki/%ED%82%B5_%EC%86%90" title="킵 손">손</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EB%B0%B0%EB%A6%AC_%EB%B0%B0%EB%A6%AC%EC%8B%9C" title="배리 배리시">배리시</a></li> <li>2018: <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%84%EC%84%9C_%EC%95%A0%EC%8A%88%ED%82%A8" title="아서 애슈킨">애슈킨</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%9C%EB%9D%BC%EB%A5%B4_%EB%AC%B4%EB%A3%A8" title="제라르 무루">무루</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EB%8F%84%EB%82%98_%EC%8A%A4%ED%8A%B8%EB%A6%AC%ED%81%B4%EB%9F%B0%EB%93%9C" title="도나 스트리클런드">스트리클런드</a></li> <li>2019: <a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%9C%EC%9E%84%EC%8A%A4_%ED%94%BC%EB%B8%94%EC%8A%A4" title="제임스 피블스">피블스</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EB%AF%B8%EC%85%B8_%EB%A7%88%EC%9A%94%EB%A5%B4" title="미셸 마요르">마요르</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EB%94%94%EB%94%94%EC%97%90_%EC%BF%A0%EC%97%98%EB%A1%9C" title="디디에 쿠엘로">쿠엘로</a></li> <li>2020: <a href="/wiki/%EB%A1%9C%EC%A0%80_%ED%8E%9C%EB%A1%9C%EC%A6%88" title="로저 펜로즈">펜로즈</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EB%9D%BC%EC%9D%B8%ED%95%98%EB%A5%B4%ED%8A%B8_%EA%B2%90%EC%B2%BC" title="라인하르트 겐첼">겐첼</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%A4%EB%93%9C%EB%A6%AC%EC%95%84_M._%EA%B2%8C%EC%A6%88" title="앤드리아 M. 게즈">게즈</a></li> <li>2021: <a href="/wiki/%EB%A7%88%EB%82%98%EB%B2%A0_%EC%8A%88%EC%BF%A0%EB%A1%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="마나베 슈쿠로">마나베</a> / <a href="/wiki/%ED%81%B4%EB%9D%BC%EC%9A%B0%EC%8A%A4_%ED%95%98%EC%85%80%EB%A7%8C" title="클라우스 하셀만">하셀만</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%A1%B0%EB%A5%B4%EC%A1%B0_%ED%8C%8C%EB%A6%AC%EC%8B%9C" title="조르조 파리시">파리시</a></li> <li>2022: <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%8C%EB%9E%AD_%EC%95%84%EC%8A%A4%ED%8E%98" title="알랭 아스페">아스페</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%A1%B4_%ED%81%B4%EB%9D%BC%EC%9A%B0%EC%A0%80" title="존 클라우저">클라우저</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%88%ED%86%A4_%EC%B0%A8%EC%9D%BC%EB%A7%81%EA%B1%B0" title="안톤 차일링거">차일링거</a></li> <li>2023: <a href="/wiki/%ED%94%BC%EC%97%90%EB%A5%B4_%EC%95%84%EA%B3%A0%EC%8A%A4%ED%8B%B0%EB%8B%88" title="피에르 아고스티니">아고스티니</a> / <a href="/wiki/%ED%81%AC%EB%9F%AC%EC%9A%B0%EC%8A%A4_%ED%8E%98%EB%A0%8C%EC%B8%A0" title="크러우스 페렌츠">크러우스</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%88_%EB%A5%84%EB%A6%AC%EC%97%90" title="안 륄리에">륄리에</a></li> <li>2024: <a href="/wiki/%EC%A1%B4_%ED%99%89%ED%95%84%EB%93%9C" title="존 홉필드">홉필드</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%9C%ED%94%84%EB%A6%AC_%ED%9E%8C%ED%84%B4" title="제프리 힌턴">힌턴</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B6%84%EB%A5%98:%EB%85%B8%EB%B2%A8_%EB%AC%BC%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%99%EC%83%81_%EC%88%98%EC%83%81%EC%9E%90" title="분류:노벨 물리학상 수상자">노벨 물리학상 수상자</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8C%8C%EC%9D%BC:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/16px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/32px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Nobel_Prize_in_Physics" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Nobel Prize in Physics">노벨 물리학상</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r36480591"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r36429174"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="←_1962년_노벨상_수상자_→" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r36480591"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r34311309"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-보기"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8B%80:1962%EB%85%84_%EB%85%B8%EB%B2%A8%EC%83%81_%EC%88%98%EC%83%81%EC%9E%90" title="틀:1962년 노벨상 수상자"><abbr title="이 틀을 보기" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-토론"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8B%80%ED%86%A0%EB%A1%A0:1962%EB%85%84_%EB%85%B8%EB%B2%A8%EC%83%81_%EC%88%98%EC%83%81%EC%9E%90&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="틀토론:1962년 노벨상 수상자 (없는 문서)"><abbr title="이 틀에 관해 토론하기" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-편집"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%AC%B8%EC%84%9C%ED%8E%B8%EC%A7%91/%ED%8B%80:1962%EB%85%84_%EB%85%B8%EB%B2%A8%EC%83%81_%EC%88%98%EC%83%81%EC%9E%90" title="특수:문서편집/틀:1962년 노벨상 수상자"><abbr title="이 틀을 편집하기" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="←_1962년_노벨상_수상자_→" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8B%80:1961%EB%85%84_%EB%85%B8%EB%B2%A8%EC%83%81_%EC%88%98%EC%83%81%EC%9E%90" title="틀:1961년 노벨상 수상자">←&#160;</a> <span class="summary">1962년 <a href="/wiki/%EB%85%B8%EB%B2%A8%EC%83%81" title="노벨상">노벨상</a> 수상자</span> <a href="/wiki/%ED%8B%80:1963%EB%85%84_%EB%85%B8%EB%B2%A8%EC%83%81_%EC%88%98%EC%83%81%EC%9E%90" title="틀:1963년 노벨상 수상자">&#160;→</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%EB%85%B8%EB%B2%A8_%EB%AC%BC%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%99%EC%83%81" title="노벨 물리학상">물리학상</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">레프 란다우</a>(소련)</div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8C%8C%EC%9D%BC:Nobel_Prize.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/ko/thumb/e/ed/Nobel_Prize.png/80px-Nobel_Prize.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="79" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/ko/thumb/e/ed/Nobel_Prize.png/120px-Nobel_Prize.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/ko/thumb/e/ed/Nobel_Prize.png/160px-Nobel_Prize.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="492" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%EB%85%B8%EB%B2%A8_%ED%99%94%ED%95%99%EC%83%81" title="노벨 화학상"> 화학상</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EB%A7%A5%EC%8A%A4_%ED%8D%BC%EB%A3%A8%EC%B8%A0" title="맥스 퍼루츠">맥스 퍼루츠</a>(영국)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A1%B4_%EC%BC%84%EB%93%9C%EB%A3%A8" title="존 켄드루">존 켄드루</a>(영국)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%EB%85%B8%EB%B2%A8_%EC%83%9D%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%99%C2%B7%EC%9D%98%ED%95%99%EC%83%81" title="노벨 생리학·의학상">생리학·의학상</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%ED%94%84%EB%9E%9C%EC%8B%9C%EC%8A%A4_%ED%81%AC%EB%A6%AD" title="프랜시스 크릭">프랜시스 크릭</a>(영국)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%9C%EC%9E%84%EC%8A%A4_D._%EC%99%93%EC%8A%A8" title="제임스 D. 왓슨">제임스 D. 왓슨</a>(미국)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%AA%A8%EB%A6%AC%EC%8A%A4_%EC%9C%8C%ED%82%A8%EC%8A%A4" title="모리스 윌킨스">모리스 윌킨스</a>(영국)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%EB%85%B8%EB%B2%A8_%EB%AC%B8%ED%95%99%EC%83%81" title="노벨 문학상">문학상</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%EC%A1%B4_%EC%8A%A4%ED%83%80%EC%9D%B8%EB%B2%A1" title="존 스타인벡">존 스타인벡</a>(미국)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%EB%85%B8%EB%B2%A8_%ED%8F%89%ED%99%94%EC%83%81" title="노벨 평화상">평화상</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%EB%9D%BC%EC%9D%B4%EB%84%88%EC%8A%A4_%ED%8F%B4%EB%A7%81" title="라이너스 폴링">라이너스 폴링</a>(미국)</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r36480591"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r36429174"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="전거_통제_frameless&amp;#124;text-top&amp;#124;10px&amp;#124;alt=위키데이터에서_편집하기&amp;#124;link=https&amp;#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133267#identifiers&amp;#124;class=noprint&amp;#124;위키데이터에서_편집하기" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="전거_통제_frameless&amp;#124;text-top&amp;#124;10px&amp;#124;alt=위키데이터에서_편집하기&amp;#124;link=https&amp;#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133267#identifiers&amp;#124;class=noprint&amp;#124;위키데이터에서_편집하기" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%B0%B1%EA%B3%BC:%EC%A0%84%EA%B1%B0_%ED%86%B5%EC%A0%9C" title="위키백과:전거 통제">전거 통제</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133267#identifiers" title="위키데이터에서 편집하기"><img alt="위키데이터에서 편집하기" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">국제</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/13393/">FAST</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000081483016">ISNI</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/68968503">VIAF</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJjRWrtHd36HdMrgF9mKh3">월드캣</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">국가</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90058704">노르웨이</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bncatalogo.cl/F?func=direct&amp;local_base=red10&amp;doc_number=000087513">칠레</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&amp;authority_id=XX982521">스페인</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12159123r">프랑스</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12159123r">BnF 데이터</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/118569066">독일</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><abbr title="Landau, Lev Davidovič"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/CFIV049701">이탈리아</a></abbr></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&amp;local_base=NLX10&amp;find_code=UID&amp;request=987007264264505171">이스라엘</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n50039212">미국</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/gdsvwsd03sthmdc">스웨덴</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&amp;local_base=lnc10&amp;doc_number=000113670&amp;P_CON_LNG=ENG">라트비아</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00446770">일본</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&amp;local_base=aut&amp;ccl_term=ica=jn19990210366&amp;CON_LNG=ENG">체코</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35289590">오스트레일리아</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.nlg.gr/resource/authority/record73454">그리스</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lod.nl.go.kr/resource/KAC199615841">한국</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://katalog.nsk.hr/F/?func=direct&amp;doc_number=000046978&amp;local_base=nsk10">크로아티아</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p069374740">네덜란드</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mak.bn.org.pl/cgi-bin/KHW/makwww.exe?BM=1&amp;NU=1&amp;IM=4&amp;WI=9810603941805606">폴란드</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.bnportugal.gov.pt/aut/catbnp/60741">포르투갈</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">학술</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA00102598?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.leopoldina.org/mitgliederverzeichnis/mitglieder/member/Member/show/lev-d-landau/">Leopoldina</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet/MRAuthorID/191299">MathSciNet</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mathgenealogy.org/id.php?id=105773">수학 계보 프로젝트</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=22989096000">Scopus</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zbmath.org/authors/?q=ai:landau.lev-d">zbMATH</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">아티스트</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/artist/c249f7ee-27bd-431c-a2c5-ef33853cfe3c">뮤직브레인즈</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">인물</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.biografischportaal.nl/en/persoon/54402164">네덜란드</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd118569066.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/899240">Trove</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">기타</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://esu.com.ua/search_articles.php?id=53140">현대 우크라이나 백과사전</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w65q4xkx">SNAC</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/030109590">IdRef</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐int.codfw.main‐849f99967d‐ls24b Cached time: 20241123013502 Cache expiry: 685501 Reduced expiry: true Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.734 seconds Real time usage: 0.932 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 3921/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 127556/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 13994/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 15/100 Expensive parser function count: 38/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 55019/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.293/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 5141703/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 758.710 1 -total 20.83% 158.053 1 틀:위키데이터_속성_추적 15.58% 118.175 15 틀:서적_인용 15.16% 114.991 2 틀:둘러보기_상자 14.39% 109.171 1 틀:노벨_물리학상_수상자 9.24% 70.073 1 틀:과학자_정보 9.02% 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Rendering was triggered because: api-parse --> </div><!--esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> --><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">원본 주소 "<a dir="ltr" href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=레프_란다우&amp;oldid=37267340">https://ko.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=레프_란다우&amp;oldid=37267340</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%B6%84%EB%A5%98" title="특수:분류">분류</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B6%84%EB%A5%98:1908%EB%85%84_%EC%B6%9C%EC%83%9D" title="분류:1908년 출생">1908년 출생</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B6%84%EB%A5%98:1968%EB%85%84_%EC%82%AC%EB%A7%9D" title="분류:1968년 사망">1968년 사망</a></li><li><a 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