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class="mw-page-title-main">Fritz X</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fritz_X" title="Fritz X – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Fritz X" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fritz_X" title="Fritz X – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Fritz X" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fritz_X" title="Fritz X – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Fritz X" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fritz_X" title="Fritz X – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Fritz X" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fritz_X" title="Fritz X – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Fritz X" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AA%D8%B3_%D8%A7%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%B3" title="فریتس ایکس – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="فریتس ایکس" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fx_1400_Fritz_X" title="Fx 1400 Fritz X – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Fx 1400 Fritz X" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%94%84%EB%A6%AC%EC%B8%A0_X" title="프리츠 X – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="프리츠 X" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fritz_X" title="Fritz X – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Fritz X" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruhrstahl_SD_1400" title="Ruhrstahl SD 1400 – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Ruhrstahl SD 1400" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fritz_X" title="Fritz X – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="Fritz X" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%83%AA%E3%83%83%E3%83%84X" title="フリッツX – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="フリッツX" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruhrstahl_SD_1400_X" title="Ruhrstahl SD 1400 X – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Ruhrstahl SD 1400 X" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fritz_X" title="Fritz X – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Fritz X" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/FX-1400" title="FX-1400 – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="FX-1400" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fritz_X" title="Fritz X – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Fritz X" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fritz-X" title="Fritz-X – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Fritz-X" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fritz_X" title="Fritz X – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Fritz X" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fritz_X" title="Fritz X – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Fritz X" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fritz_X" title="Fritz X – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Fritz X" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BC%97%E9%87%8C%E8%8C%A8_X" title="弗里茨 X – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="弗里茨 X" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1425385#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div 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.infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above hproduct" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;"><span class="fn org"> Fritz X </span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;line-height:1.5em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Fritz_X_Guided_Bomb.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Fritz_X_Guided_Bomb.jpg/300px-Fritz_X_Guided_Bomb.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Fritz_X_Guided_Bomb.jpg/450px-Fritz_X_Guided_Bomb.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Fritz_X_Guided_Bomb.jpg/600px-Fritz_X_Guided_Bomb.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5472" data-file-height="3648" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Fritz X guided bomb</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Anti-ship_warfare" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-ship warfare">Anti-ship</a> <a href="/wiki/Glide_bomb" title="Glide bomb">glide bomb</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Place of origin</th><td class="infobox-data">Nazi Germany</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Service history</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">In service</th><td class="infobox-data">1943–44</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Used by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Nazi Germany</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Luftwaffe" title="Luftwaffe">Luftwaffe</a></i>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Wars</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Production history</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Designer</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Max_Kramer" title="Max Kramer">Max Kramer</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Designed</th><td class="infobox-data">1938–1943</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Manufacturer</th><td class="infobox-data">Ruhrstahl</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em"><abbr title="Number">No.</abbr> built</th><td class="infobox-data">1,400</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Specifications</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Mass</th><td class="infobox-data">1,570 kg (3,460 lb)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Length</th><td class="infobox-data">3.32 m (10.9 ft)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Width</th><td class="infobox-data">1.4 m (4.6 ft)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Diameter</th><td class="infobox-data">85.3 cm (33.6 in)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Warhead</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Amatol" title="Amatol">amatol</a> explosive, <a href="/wiki/Armour-piercing" class="mw-redirect" title="Armour-piercing">armour-piercing</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Warhead weight</th><td class="infobox-data">320 kg (710 lb)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><hr /></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em"><div style="line-height:1.25em">Operational<br />range</div></th><td class="infobox-data">5 km (3.1 mi)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip" title="Maximum speed of vehicle or missile">Maximum speed </span></th><td class="infobox-data">343 m/s (1,130 ft/s) 1,235 km/h (767 mph)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em"><div style="line-height:1.25em">Guidance<br />system</div></th><td class="infobox-data">Kehl-Straßburg FuG 203/230; <a href="/wiki/MCLOS" class="mw-redirect" title="MCLOS">MCLOS</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Fritz X</b> was a German guided anti-ship <a href="/wiki/Glide_bomb" title="Glide bomb">glide bomb</a> used during <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>. <i>Fritz X</i> was the world's first precision guided weapon deployed in combat<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the first to sink a ship in combat. <i>Fritz X</i> was a nickname used both by Allied and <i>Luftwaffe</i> personnel. Alternative names include <b>Ruhrstahl SD 1400 X</b>, <b>Kramer X-1</b>, <b>PC 1400X</b> or <b>FX 1400</b> (the latter, along with the unguided PC 1400 <i>Fritz</i> nickname, is the origin for the name "Fritz X"). </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fritz_X&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pc1400.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Pc1400.jpg/170px-Pc1400.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="344" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Pc1400.jpg/255px-Pc1400.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/64/Pc1400.jpg 2x" data-file-width="288" data-file-height="583" /></a><figcaption>American drawing of the <b>PC 1400</b> armour-piercing bomb, the basis for the Fritz X PGM</figcaption></figure> <p><i>Fritz X</i> was a further development of the <a href="/wiki/PC_1400" title="PC 1400">PC 1400</a> (<i>Panzersprengbombe, Cylindrisch</i> 1,400 kg)<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>Note 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> armour-piercing high-explosive bomb, itself bearing the nickname <i>Fritz</i>. It was a penetration weapon intended to be used against armoured targets such as heavy cruisers and battleships. It was given a more aerodynamic nose, four stub wings, and a box-shaped tail unit consisting of a roughly 12-sided annular set of fixed surfaces and a cruciform tail with thick surfaces within the annulus, which contained the <i>Fritz X</i><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'</span>s aerodynamic controls. </p><p>The <i><a href="/wiki/Luftwaffe" title="Luftwaffe">Luftwaffe</a></i> recognised the difficulty of hitting moving ships during the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Civil_War" title="Spanish Civil War">Spanish Civil War</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> German engineer <a href="/wiki/Max_Kramer" title="Max Kramer">Max Kramer</a>, who worked at the <i><a href="/wiki/Deutsche_Versuchsanstalt_f%C3%BCr_Luftfahrt" class="mw-redirect" title="Deutsche Versuchsanstalt für Luftfahrt">Deutsche Versuchsanstalt für Luftfahrt</a></i> (<i>DVL</i>), had been experimenting since 1938 with remote-controlled free-falling 250 kg (550 lb) bombs and in 1939 fitted <a href="/wiki/Radio-control" class="mw-redirect" title="Radio-control">radio-controlled</a> <a href="/wiki/Spoiler_(aeronautics)" title="Spoiler (aeronautics)">spoilers</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Fitzsimons,_Fritz-X,_p.1037_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fitzsimons,_Fritz-X,_p.1037-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1940, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ruhrstahl_AG&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ruhrstahl AG (page does not exist)">Ruhrstahl AG</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruhrstahl" class="extiw" title="de:Ruhrstahl">de</a>]</span> was invited to join the development, since they already had experience in the development and production of unguided bombs.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i>Fritz X</i> was guided by a <a href="/wiki/Kehl-Strasbourg_radio_control_link" title="Kehl-Strasbourg radio control link">Kehl-Straßburg radio control link</a>, which sent signals to the movable spoilers in the thick vertical and horizontal tail fin surfaces, within the annular tail fin structure. This control system was also used for the unarmoured, rocket-boosted <a href="/wiki/Henschel_Hs_293" title="Henschel Hs 293">Henschel Hs 293</a> anti-ship ordnance, first deployed on 25 August 1943. The <i>Straßburg</i> receiver antenna installations on the <i>Fritz X</i> were aerodynamically integrated into the trailing edge of the annular surfaces of the tail fin, non-metallically encapsulated within four "bulged" sections in the trailing edge.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This design feature of the <i>FuG</i> 230 <i>Straßburg</i> receiver installation is like the <a href="/wiki/Azon" title="Azon">Azon</a> (US contemporary guided bomb), which had its receiving antennas placed in the four diagonal struts bracing the fixed sections of its tail fins. </p><p>Minimum launch height was 4,000 m (13,000 ft) – although 5,500 m (18,000 ft) was preferred – and a range of 5 km (3.1 mi; 2.7 nmi) was necessary.<sup id="cite_ref-Christopher,_p.134_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Christopher,_p.134-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As it was an <a href="/wiki/MCLOS" class="mw-redirect" title="MCLOS">MCLOS</a>-guidance ordnance design, the operator had to keep the bomb in sight at all times (a tail flare was provided, as with the Azon, to assist the operator in tracking the weapon) and the control aircraft had to hold course, which made evading gunfire or fighters impossible.<sup id="cite_ref-Christopher,_p.134_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Christopher,_p.134-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Approximately 1,400 examples, including trial models, were produced.<sup id="cite_ref-Christopher,_p.134_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Christopher,_p.134-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Control_setup">Control setup</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fritz_X&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Control setup"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fritz_X.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Fritz_X.jpg/220px-Fritz_X.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="116" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Fritz_X.jpg/330px-Fritz_X.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Fritz_X.jpg/440px-Fritz_X.jpg 2x" data-file-width="596" data-file-height="314" /></a><figcaption>Fritz X schematic</figcaption></figure><p> The Fritz X possessed a spoiler-based control setup on its tailfin unit, using three sets of aerodynamic control spoiler systems, with two of them giving control in the pitch and yaw axes, differentially operating and constantly oscillating rapidly under direct control from the <i>Kehl-Straßburg</i> radio control link. The roll control setup, operating autonomously and not under control from the deploying aircraft, oscillated similarly to those under the externally controlled sets, and were on the outboard sections of the horizontal tailfin surfaces within the annular set of outer tailfin surfaces. These were like the American Azon ordnance's aileron control surfaces in their purpose, commanded by an internal gyroscope in the tail's central housing in both the Azon and Fritz X, to keep the ordnance level during its trajectory. The inboard set of spoiler surfaces in the tailfin's horizontal surfaces, which used a set of <a href="/wiki/Wing_fence" title="Wing fence">wing fence</a>-like flat surfaces for airflow separation from the autonomous roll control spoilers, controlled the pitch angle after release and were controlled by the radio control link, giving the Fritz X's bombardier in the deploying aircraft the ability to control the range of the drop, a capability that the Azon did not have. The yaw control spoilers housed in the vertical tailfin surfaces were also under control through the radio link, and had similar "fence" surfaces to guide airflow over them. All three spoiler surface sets barely protruded from the surface during operation, with the pair of spoiler systems under external control having a degree of "proportionality" in their operation by varying the "dwell time" spent on one side or the other during their rapid rate of oscillation from side to side when a control input was sent to them.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p><div style="clear:left;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Combat_procedure">Combat procedure</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fritz_X&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Combat procedure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fritz-X_Tail_Control_Setup.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Fritz-X_Tail_Control_Setup.jpg/220px-Fritz-X_Tail_Control_Setup.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Fritz-X_Tail_Control_Setup.jpg/330px-Fritz-X_Tail_Control_Setup.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Fritz-X_Tail_Control_Setup.jpg/440px-Fritz-X_Tail_Control_Setup.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="593" /></a><figcaption>Annotated still from a 1946 USAAF-published film on Fritz X showing the location of control spoilers and autonomous roll gyro</figcaption></figure> <p>The Fritz X was steered by the bombardier in the launching aircraft over a radio link between the aircraft's <i>Kehl</i> transmitter and the weapon's <i>Straßburg</i> receiver. The bombardier had to be able to see the target at all times, and like the Azon, the Fritz X had a <a href="/wiki/Flare" title="Flare">flare</a> in the tail so it could be seen from the controlling aircraft for its <a href="/wiki/MCLOS" class="mw-redirect" title="MCLOS">MCLOS</a>-form guidance to control it properly. The disadvantage with this — in comparison to fully autonomous-guidance glide bombs like the operational <a href="/wiki/Bat_(guided_bomb)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bat (guided bomb)">U.S. Navy's <i>Bat</i> radar-homing glide bomb</a>, used against Japan in 1944–45 — were that the aircraft had to be flown towards the target on a steady course and that as the missile neared its target it became possible to misguide it by jamming its radio channel. </p><p>Unlike the Hs 293, which was deployed against merchant ships and light escort warships, the Fritz X was intended to be used against armoured ships such as heavy cruisers and battleships. The Fritz X had to be released at least 5 kilometres (3 mi) from the target. The plane had to decelerate immediately after bomb release so the bombardier could see the bomb and guide it; this deceleration was achieved by making a steep climb and then levelling out. The bombardier could make a maximum correction of 500 metres (1,600 ft) in range and 350 metres (1,150 ft) in bearing. The bomber was vulnerable to fighter attack and ship-based air defence weapons while maintaining a slow, steady course so the bombardier could maintain visual contact to guide the bomb.<sup id="cite_ref-proceedings_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-proceedings-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When working properly, the missile was able to pierce 130 mm (5.1 in)<sup id="cite_ref-Fitzsimons,_Fritz-X,_p.1037_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fitzsimons,_Fritz-X,_p.1037-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> of armor. </p><p>Accuracy is the main reason for developing a weapon system of this kind, rather than continuing to use <a href="/wiki/Unguided_bomb" title="Unguided bomb">unguided bombs</a>. A skilled bombardier could guide 50% of the bombs to within a 15 m (50 ft) radius of the aiming point, and about 90% hit within a 30 m (100 ft) radius (other sources say 60% hits within 4.6 metre radius).<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Usage_in_combat">Usage in combat</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fritz_X&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Usage in combat"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fritz_X_guided_bomb_USAFM.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Fritz_X_guided_bomb_USAFM.jpg/220px-Fritz_X_guided_bomb_USAFM.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Fritz_X_guided_bomb_USAFM.jpg/330px-Fritz_X_guided_bomb_USAFM.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Fritz_X_guided_bomb_USAFM.jpg/440px-Fritz_X_guided_bomb_USAFM.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4686" data-file-height="2886" /></a><figcaption>Fritz X guided bomb at the <a href="/wiki/National_Museum_of_the_United_States_Air_Force" title="National Museum of the United States Air Force">National Museum of the United States Air Force</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The only Luftwaffe unit to deploy the Fritz X was <i>Gruppe</i> III of <a href="/wiki/Kampfgeschwader_100" title="Kampfgeschwader 100"><i>Kampfgeschwader</i> 100</a> <i>Wiking</i> (Viking), designated III./KG 100; the bomber wing itself evolved as the larger-sized descendant of the earlier <i><a href="/wiki/Kampfgruppe_100" title="Kampfgruppe 100">Kampfgruppe 100</a></i> unit in mid-December 1941. This unit employed the medium range <a href="/wiki/Dornier_Do_217" title="Dornier Do 217">Dornier Do 217</a>K-2 bomber on almost all of its attack missions; in a few cases near the end of its deployment history, Dornier Do 217K-3 and M-11 variants were also used. The Fritz X had been initially tested with a <a href="/wiki/Heinkel_He_111" title="Heinkel He 111">Heinkel He 111</a> bomber, but was never taken into combat by this aircraft. A few special variants of the troublesome <a href="/wiki/Heinkel_He_177" class="mw-redirect" title="Heinkel He 177">Heinkel He 177</a>A <i>Greif</i> long-range bomber were equipped with the <i>Kehl</i> transmitter and proper bombracks to carry the Fritz X, and it is thought that this combination might have seen limited combat service, at least with the combinations known to have been involved in test drops. It was found that the launch aircraft had to "toss" the bomb slightly, climbing and then descending, to keep it in view ahead.<sup id="cite_ref-Christopher,_p.134_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Christopher,_p.134-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Fritz X was first deployed on 21 July 1943 in a raid on <a href="/wiki/Augusta,_Sicily" title="Augusta, Sicily">Augusta</a> harbour in Sicily. Several attacks around Sicily and <a href="/wiki/Messina" title="Messina">Messina</a> followed, but no confirmed hits were made and it appears the Allies were unaware that the large bombs being dropped were radio-guided weapons.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 9 September, the <i>Luftwaffe</i> achieved their greatest success with the weapon. After <a href="/wiki/Pietro_Badoglio" title="Pietro Badoglio">Pietro Badoglio</a> publicly announced the <a href="/wiki/Armistice_between_Italy_and_Allied_armed_forces" class="mw-redirect" title="Armistice between Italy and Allied armed forces">Italian armistice with the Allies</a> on 8 September 1943, the Italian fleet had left <a href="/wiki/La_Spezia" title="La Spezia">La Spezia</a> and headed to <a href="/wiki/Tunisia" title="Tunisia">Tunisia</a>. To prevent the ships from falling into Allied hands, six Do 217K-2s from III. <i>Gruppe</i> of KG 100 (III/KG 100) took off, each carrying a single Fritz X. The Italian battleship <a href="/wiki/Italian_battleship_Roma_(1940)" title="Italian battleship Roma (1940)"><i>Roma</i></a>, flagship of the Italian fleet, received two hits and one near miss, and sank after her <a href="/wiki/Magazine_(artillery)" title="Magazine (artillery)">magazines</a> exploded. 1,393 men, including Admiral <a href="/wiki/Carlo_Bergamini_(admiral)" title="Carlo Bergamini (admiral)">Carlo Bergamini</a>, died. Her sister ship, <a href="/wiki/Italian_battleship_Littorio" title="Italian battleship Littorio"><i>Italia</i></a>, was also seriously damaged but reached Tunisia.<sup id="cite_ref-proceedings_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-proceedings-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The American light cruiser <a href="/wiki/USS_Savannah_(CL-42)" title="USS Savannah (CL-42)">USS <i>Savannah</i></a> was hit by Fritz Xs at 10:00 AM on 11 September 1943 during <a href="/wiki/Operation_Avalanche_(World_War_II)" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Avalanche (World War II)">the invasion of Salerno</a>, and was forced to retire to the United States for eight months of repairs. A single Fritz X passed through the roof of "C" turret and killed the turret crew and a damage control party when it exploded in the lower ammunition-handling room. The blast tore a large hole in the ship's bottom, opened a seam in her side, and blew out all fires in her boiler rooms. <i>Savannah</i> lay dead in the water with her <a href="/wiki/Forecastle" title="Forecastle">forecastle</a> nearly awash, and eight hours elapsed before her boilers were relit, allowing the ship to get under way for Malta.<sup id="cite_ref-proceedings_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-proceedings-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> USS <i>Savannah</i> lost 197 crewmen in this attack. Fifteen other sailors were seriously wounded, and four more were trapped in a watertight compartment for 60 hours. These four sailors were rescued when <i>Savannah</i> had arrived at <a href="/wiki/Grand_Harbor" class="mw-redirect" title="Grand Harbor">Grand Harbor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Valletta,_Malta" class="mw-redirect" title="Valletta, Malta">Valletta, Malta</a> on 12 September. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:FRITZ_X.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/FRITZ_X.jpg/220px-FRITZ_X.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/FRITZ_X.jpg/330px-FRITZ_X.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/FRITZ_X.jpg/440px-FRITZ_X.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1155" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>Rear view</figcaption></figure> <p><i>Savannah</i><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'</span>s sister ship, <a href="/wiki/USS_Philadelphia_(CL-41)" title="USS Philadelphia (CL-41)">USS <i>Philadelphia</i></a>, had been targeted earlier the same morning. The Fritz X just missed the ship, exploding about 15 metres away. Damage was minimal.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Royal_Navy" title="Royal Navy">Royal Navy</a>'s light cruiser <a href="/wiki/HMS_Uganda_(66)" title="HMS Uganda (66)">HMS <i>Uganda</i></a> was hit by a Fritz X off Salerno at 14:40 on 13 September. The Fritz X passed through seven decks and straight through her <a href="/wiki/Keel" title="Keel">keel</a>, exploding underwater just under the keel. The concussive shock of the Fritz X's underwater detonation close to <i>Uganda</i><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'</span>s hull extinguished all her boiler fires, and resulted in sixteen men being killed, with <i>Uganda</i> taking on 1,300 tons of water. <i>Uganda</i> was towed to Malta for repairs. </p><p>Two merchant ships may have been hit by Fritz X bombs at Salerno, though the evidence is uncertain. SS <i>Bushrod Washington</i> was hit by a glide bomb, either a Fritz X or a <a href="/wiki/Henschel_Hs_293" title="Henschel Hs 293">Hs 293</a>, on 14 September while offloading a cargo of fuel.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>Note 2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> SS <i>James W. Marshall</i> was set on fire by a conventional bomb, Hs 293 or Fritz X on 15 September. As with <i>Bushrod Washington</i>, the nature of the weapon that damaged <i>James W. Marshall</i> is uncertain. A witness aboard a ship nearby, Joseph A. Yannacci, attributes the attack to <a href="/wiki/Junkers_Ju_87" title="Junkers Ju 87">Ju 87 "Stuka"</a> dive bombers, which were too small to carry glide bombs. An attack with a Fritz X cannot be ruled out, but there is at least an equal case that, if a glide bomb was involved, it was an Hs 293 from II./KG 100; Luftwaffe records show that II./KG 100, armed only with Hs 293 glide bombs, was active over Salerno that day. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:USS_Savannah_(CL-42)_is_hit_by_a_German_guided_bomb,_off_Salerno,_11_September_1943.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/USS_Savannah_%28CL-42%29_is_hit_by_a_German_guided_bomb%2C_off_Salerno%2C_11_September_1943.jpg/220px-USS_Savannah_%28CL-42%29_is_hit_by_a_German_guided_bomb%2C_off_Salerno%2C_11_September_1943.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/USS_Savannah_%28CL-42%29_is_hit_by_a_German_guided_bomb%2C_off_Salerno%2C_11_September_1943.jpg/330px-USS_Savannah_%28CL-42%29_is_hit_by_a_German_guided_bomb%2C_off_Salerno%2C_11_September_1943.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/USS_Savannah_%28CL-42%29_is_hit_by_a_German_guided_bomb%2C_off_Salerno%2C_11_September_1943.jpg/440px-USS_Savannah_%28CL-42%29_is_hit_by_a_German_guided_bomb%2C_off_Salerno%2C_11_September_1943.jpg 2x" data-file-width="740" data-file-height="555" /></a><figcaption><i>Savannah</i> hit by a Fritz X during the Salerno landings</figcaption></figure> <p>KG 100 achieved another success with Fritz X while the British battleship <a href="/wiki/HMS_Warspite_(03)" title="HMS Warspite (03)">HMS <i>Warspite</i></a> was providing gunfire support at Salerno on 16 September. One bomb penetrated six decks before exploding in number 4 boiler room. This explosion put out all fires and blew out the double bottom. A second Fritz X near-missed <i>Warspite</i>, holing her at the waterline. She took on a total of 5,000 tonnes of water and lost steam and consequently all power, both to the ship herself and to all her systems, but although the damage had been considerable, <i>Warspite</i><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'</span>s casualties amounted to only nine killed and fourteen wounded. She was towed to Malta by tugs <a href="/wiki/USS_Hopi" title="USS Hopi"><i>Hopi</i></a> and <a href="/wiki/USS_Moreno" title="USS Moreno"><i>Moreno</i></a>, then returned to Britain via <a href="/wiki/Gibraltar" title="Gibraltar">Gibraltar</a> and was out of action for nearly 9 months; she was never completely repaired, but returned to action to bombard German positions in Normandy during <a href="/wiki/Operation_Overlord" title="Operation Overlord">Operation Overlord</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-proceedings_9-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-proceedings-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The last Fritz X attack at Salerno lightly damaged the US light cruiser <i>Philadelphia</i> with two near misses on 17 September. This attack is sometimes reported as taking place on 18 September but US Navy records show the cruiser <i>Philadelphia</i> departed Salerno the night of 17/18 September. According to Luftwaffe records, III./KG 100, the Luftwaffe unit armed with the Fritz X, flew its last mission on 17 September. Other ships damaged by Fritz-X included Dutch <a href="/wiki/Sloop-of-war" title="Sloop-of-war">sloop</a> <a href="/wiki/HNLMS_Flores" title="HNLMS Flores"><i>Flores</i></a> and British destroyer <a href="/wiki/HMS_Loyal_(G15)" title="HMS Loyal (G15)"><i>Loyal</i></a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fritz-X_EGWC.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Fritz-X_EGWC.jpg/220px-Fritz-X_EGWC.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Fritz-X_EGWC.jpg/330px-Fritz-X_EGWC.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Fritz-X_EGWC.jpg/440px-Fritz-X_EGWC.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1030" /></a><figcaption>Fritz X at RAF Museum Cosford</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Electronic_countermeasures">Electronic countermeasures</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fritz_X&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Electronic countermeasures"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The control system used by the Fritz X relied on radio contact between the bomb and the guidance unit, and was susceptible to <a href="/wiki/Electronic_countermeasures" class="mw-redirect" title="Electronic countermeasures">electronic countermeasures</a>. After the initial attacks in August 1943, the Allies went to considerable effort to develop <a href="/wiki/Radio_jamming" title="Radio jamming">jamming</a> devices. These were first deployed in late September 1943, too late for Salerno. The system met with some success, but proved cumbersome and easily overwhelmed if large numbers of weapons were deployed simultaneously. </p><p>In early 1944, as the US Army was engaged in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Anzio" title="Battle of Anzio">Battle of Anzio</a>, the United Kingdom began to deploy its Type 650 transmitter, which employed a different approach to interfering with the FuG 203/230 radio link on a Fritz X, by jamming the Straßburg receiver's <a href="/wiki/Intermediate_frequency" title="Intermediate frequency">intermediate frequency</a> (IF) section. The FuG 230 receiver's IF section operated at 3 MHz, and the Type 650 appears to have been quite successful in interfering with Fritz X ordnance deployments, especially because the operator did not have to attempt to find which of the eighteen selected Kehl-Straßburg <a href="/wiki/Carrier_frequency" class="mw-redirect" title="Carrier frequency">command frequencies</a> were in use and then manually tune the jamming transmitter to one of them. The Type 650 automatically defeated the receiver, regardless which radio frequency had been selected for a missile. </p><p>By the time of the <a href="/wiki/Operation_Neptune" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Neptune">Normandy landings</a>, a combination of Allied <a href="/wiki/Air_supremacy" title="Air supremacy">air supremacy</a> (keeping the Luftwaffe's bombers at bay) and ship-mounted jammers meant that the Fritz X had no significant effect on the invasion fleet. Some accounts report that the Norwegian destroyer <a href="/wiki/HNoMS_Svenner_(G03)" title="HNoMS Svenner (G03)"><i>Svenner</i></a> was hit by a Fritz X at dawn on D-Day. This is unlikely, as III./KG 100, the unit which had carried the Fritz X into combat, had largely been re-equipped with the <a href="/wiki/Henschel_Hs_293" title="Henschel Hs 293">Hs 293</a> by that time for its anti-ship missions, and the attack on <i>Svenner</i> occurred before the first glide bombers launched their assaults on the Normandy beaches. </p><p>The Fritz X has been credited as responsible for the loss of the <a href="/wiki/Hospital_ship" title="Hospital ship">hospital ship</a> <a href="/wiki/HMHS_Newfoundland" title="HMHS Newfoundland">HMHS <i>Newfoundland</i></a> at <a href="/wiki/Salerno" title="Salerno">Salerno</a> as well as the destroyer <a href="/wiki/HMS_Janus_(F53)" title="HMS Janus (F53)">HMS <i>Janus</i></a> and the light cruiser <a href="/wiki/HMS_Spartan_(95)" title="HMS Spartan (95)">HMS <i>Spartan</i></a> at <a href="/wiki/Anzio" title="Anzio">Anzio</a>, but these ships were hit by Hs 293s,<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as demonstrated by the nature of the damage inflicted,<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as well as by reports from witnesses<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (in the case of <i>Janus</i>, either an Hs 293 or a conventional <a href="/wiki/Torpedo" title="Torpedo">torpedo</a> was responsible). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Operators">Operators</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fritz_X&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Operators"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Luftwaffe" title="Luftwaffe">Luftwaffe</a> (Nazi Germany)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fritz_X&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_War_II_guided_missiles_of_Germany" class="mw-redirect" title="List of World War II guided missiles of Germany">List of World War II guided missiles of Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kramer_X4" class="mw-redirect" title="Kramer X4">Kramer X4</a>- Max Kramer's air-to-air guided missile</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kawasaki_Ki-147_I-Go_Type1_%E2%80%93_Ko" class="mw-redirect" title="Kawasaki Ki-147 I-Go Type1 – Ko">Ki-147</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ki-148" class="mw-redirect" title="Ki-148">Ki-148</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ohka" class="mw-redirect" title="Ohka">Ohka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_Pigeon" title="Project Pigeon">Project Pigeon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LBD-1_Gargoyle" class="mw-redirect" title="LBD-1 Gargoyle">Gargoyle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GB-4" title="GB-4">GB-4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GB-8" class="mw-redirect" title="GB-8">GB-8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VB-3_Razon" title="VB-3 Razon">VB-3 Razon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hs_293" class="mw-redirect" title="Hs 293">Hs 293</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fritz_X&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Explanatory notes</b> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutsche_Abwurfmunition_des_Zweiten_Weltkrieges#Panzersprengbombe_(PC_und_PD)" class="extiw" title="de:Deutsche Abwurfmunition des Zweiten Weltkrieges">German Wikipedia's WW II PC-series bomb specifications</a>, German for "armour-piercing bomb, cylindrical".</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">It remains uncertain today the exact cause of the loss of <i>Bushrod Washington</i>. Most accounts credit the attack to an Hs 293 launched from II./KG 100, and it is known from Luftwaffe records that II./KG 100 was active above Salerno around that time, flying nine missions from 9 to 30 September, three of them during the day. Eyewitness descriptions indicate that the side of the ship was blown out, more consistent with an Hs 293 attack than a Fritz X. The situation is further confused because original reports, possibly contrived to avoid mention of the glide bombs in accordance with U.S. policy at the time, suggest two conventional 250 kg bombs dropped from dive bombers were responsible.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <p><b>Citations</b> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nationalww2museum.org/war/articles/hitlers-precision-guided-bombs-fritz-x-hs-293">"Hitler's Precision-Guided Bombs: Fritz X & Hs 293"</a>. <i>The National WWII Museum | New Orleans</i>. 21 September 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 October</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+National+WWII+Museum+%7C+New+Orleans&rft.atitle=Hitler%27s+Precision-Guided+Bombs%3A+Fritz+X+%26+Hs+293&rft.date=2023-09-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nationalww2museum.org%2Fwar%2Farticles%2Fhitlers-precision-guided-bombs-fritz-x-hs-293&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFritz+X" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Fitzsimons, Bernard, ed. "Fritz-X", in <i>The Illustrated Encyclopedia of 20th Century Weapons and Warfare</i> (London: Phoebus, 1978), Volume 10, p. 1037.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Fitzsimons,_Fritz-X,_p.1037-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Fitzsimons,_Fritz-X,_p.1037_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Fitzsimons,_Fritz-X,_p.1037_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Fitzsimons, "Fritz-X", p. 1037.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Christopher, John. <i>The Race for Hitler's X-Planes</i> (The Mill, Gloucestershire: History Press, 2013), p. 134.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation audio-visual cs1">USAAF Wright Field Air Technical Service Command, T-2 Intelligence Department (1946). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t1imE2GwDK8"><i>WF 12–105, Captured Film, 'Fritz X' German Radio-Controlled Dive Bomb</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(YouTube)</span> (YouTube). The Digital Implosion. Event occurs at 13:40<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 July</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=WF+12%E2%80%93105%2C+Captured+Film%2C+%27Fritz+X%27+German+Radio-Controlled+Dive+Bomb&rft.pub=The+Digital+Implosion&rft.date=1946&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3Dt1imE2GwDK8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFritz+X" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Christopher,_p.134-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Christopher,_p.134_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Christopher,_p.134_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Christopher,_p.134_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Christopher,_p.134_7-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Christopher, p.134.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation audio-visual cs1">USAAF Wright Field Air Technical Service Command, T-2 Intelligence Department (1946). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140131074257/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t1imE2GwDK8"><i>WF 12–105, Captured Film, 'Fritz X' German Radio-Controlled Dive Bomb</i></a> (YouTube). The Digital Implosion. Event occurs at 13:45 to 15:00. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t1imE2GwDK8">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(YouTube)</span> on 31 January 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 July</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=WF+12%E2%80%93105%2C+Captured+Film%2C+%27Fritz+X%27+German+Radio-Controlled+Dive+Bomb&rft.pub=The+Digital+Implosion&rft.date=1946&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3Dt1imE2GwDK8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFritz+X" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-proceedings-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-proceedings_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-proceedings_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-proceedings_9-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-proceedings_9-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Bogart, Charles H. "German Remotely Piloted Bombs" <i>United States Naval Institute Proceedings</i> November 1976 pp.62–68</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080112101425/http://www.1jma.dk/articles/1jmaluftwaffegroundweapons.htm">"1.JmA – Special German weapons"</a>. 1jma.dk. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.1jma.dk/articles/1jmaluftwaffegroundweapons.htm">the original</a> on 12 January 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 June</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=1.JmA+%E2%80%93+Special+German+weapons&rft.pub=1jma.dk&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.1jma.dk%2Farticles%2F1jmaluftwaffegroundweapons.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFritz+X" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceA-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">RL 10/493: Tätigkeitsbericht über Einsatzperiode das K.G. 100 mit F.K. in der Zeit von 12.7.43 – 30.4.44. [Activity Report of Missions of KG 100 with Guided Weapons in the Period from 12.07.43 to 30.04.44.]</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">See Barbara Tomblin's With <i>Utmost Spirit: Allied Naval Operations in the Mediterranean, 1942–45</i> (Lexington: The University Press of Kentucky, 2004), 273. Tomblin cites as her source the original action reports filed by <i>Philadelphia</i> which clearly indicate the bomb missed. The erroneous notion that <i>Philadelphia</i> was hit emerged from an article in <i>Proceedings</i> in 1976 by Charles Bogart, and was subsequently repeated.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">DNC 6/R.322: "Report by the Admiralty Department of Naval Construction: Board of Enquiry 9 February 1944 in Naples." This is the official report on the loss of <i>Spartan</i> and identifies the Hs 293 as the weapon used; the nature of the damage, described in detail, is consistent with an Hs 293 and not with a Fritz X.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">See for example Captain John Eric Wilson's first-hand account as presented in "Sinking of the Hospital Ship SS Newfoundland", <i>Newfoundland Times</i> (published by the HMS Newfoundland Association) September 1994, pp.9–15.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fritz_X&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Fritz_X" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Fritz X">Fritz X</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://media.defense.gov/2017/Dec/28/2001861715/-1/-1/0/T_BLACKWELDER_ROAD_TO_DESERT.PDF">|The Development of precision guided Bombs</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4V9bmZf2bxE">USAAF-captured (1946) German wartime film on details of the Fritz X bomb</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ausairpower.net/WW2-PGMs.html">The Dawn of the Smart Bomb</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080112101425/http://www.1jma.dk/articles/1jmaluftwaffegroundweapons.htm">German guided weapons of World War II</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070206192626/http://www.vectorsite.net/twbomb_04.html">Allied & German guided weapons of World War II</a><sup><a href="/wiki/Template:Usurped/doc" title="Template:Usurped/doc">[usurped]</a></sup></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://airandspace.si.edu/collections/artifact.cfm?object=nasm_A19710760000">Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160410000304/http://airandspace.si.edu/collections/artifact.cfm?object=nasm_A19710760000">Archived</a> 10 April 2016 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150713021436/http://www.nationalmuseum.af.mil/factsheets/factsheet.asp?id=15564">National Museum of the U.S. Air Force</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20040130220821/http://www.rafmuseum.org/cosford/collections/missiles/missile_info.cfm?missile_id=8">Ruhrstahl AG Fritz-X – Royal Air Force Museum, Cosford (UK)</a></li> <li>"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lonesentry.com/blog/how-radio-controlled-bombs-were-jammed.html">How Radio-Controlled Bombs Were Jammed</a>", C.I.C. 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id="German_aerial_weapons_of_the_Second_World_War2939" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">German aerial weapons of the <a href="/wiki/Second_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Second World War">Second World War</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Machine_gun" title="Machine gun">Machine guns</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MG_15_machine_gun" class="mw-redirect" title="MG 15 machine gun">MG 15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MG_17_machine_gun" title="MG 17 machine gun">MG 17</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MG_81_machine_gun" title="MG 81 machine gun">MG 81 & 81Z</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MG_131_machine_gun" title="MG 131 machine gun">MG 131</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Autocannon" title="Autocannon">Autocannons</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MG_FF_cannon" title="MG FF cannon">MG FF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MG_151_cannon" title="MG 151 cannon">MG 151</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MK_101_cannon" title="MK 101 cannon">MK 101</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MK_103_cannon" title="MK 103 cannon">MK 103</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MK_108_cannon" title="MK 108 cannon">MK 108</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MK_214A_cannon" title="MK 214A cannon">MK 214A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schr%C3%A4ge_Musik" title="Schräge Musik">Schräge Musik</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Anti-tank autocannons</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BK_37" class="mw-redirect" title="BK 37">BK 3.7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BK_5_cannon" class="mw-redirect" title="BK 5 cannon">BK 5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/7.5_cm_Pak_40#Operational_use" title="7.5 cm Pak 40">BK 7.5</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Unguided_rocket" class="mw-redirect" title="Unguided rocket">Unguided rockets</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Panzerblitz_(missile)" title="Panzerblitz (missile)">Panzerblitz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R4M" title="R4M">R4M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Werfer-Granate_21" title="Werfer-Granate 21">Werfer-Granate 21</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Guided_bombs" class="mw-redirect" title="Guided bombs">Guided bombs</a> and <a href="/wiki/Missile" title="Missile">missiles</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Fritz X</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henschel_Hs_117#Variants" title="Henschel Hs 117">Hs 117H</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henschel_Hs_293" title="Henschel Hs 293">Hs 293</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V-1_flying_bomb" title="V-1 flying bomb">V-1 flying bomb</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Fragmentation_(weaponry)" title="Fragmentation (weaponry)">Anti-personnel bombs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AB_70-D1#Sub-munitions" title="AB 70-D1">SD 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AB_70-D1#Sub-munitions" title="AB 70-D1">SD 1 FRZ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Butterfly_Bomb" title="Butterfly Bomb">SD 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AB_250-2#SD10_A" title="AB 250-2">SD 10 A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AB_250-2#SD_10_FRZ" title="AB 250-2">SD 10 FRZ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AB_250-2#SD_10_C" title="AB 250-2">SD 10 C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SD_15_(bomb)" title="SD 15 (bomb)">SD 15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SBe_50" title="SBe 50">SBe 50</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SD_50_(bomb)" title="SD 50 (bomb)">SD 50</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SD_70_(bomb)" title="SD 70 (bomb)">SD 70</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SBe_250" title="SBe 250">SBe 250</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SD_250" title="SD 250">SD 250</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=SD_500&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SD 500 (page does not exist)">SD 500</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=SD_500A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SD 500A (page does not exist)">SD 500A</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=SD_500E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SD 500E (page does not exist)">SD 500E</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=SD_1400&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SD 1400 (page does not exist)">SD 1400</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SD_1700" title="SD 1700">SD 1700</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Armor-piercing_bombs" class="mw-redirect" title="Armor-piercing bombs">Armor-piercing bombs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/PC_500" title="PC 500">PC 500</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PC_1000" title="PC 1000">PC 1000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PC_1400" title="PC 1400">PC 1400</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PC_1600" title="PC 1600">PC 1600</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_rocket_propelled_bombs_of_World_War_II" title="German rocket propelled bombs of World War II">PC 500 Rs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_rocket_propelled_bombs_of_World_War_II" title="German rocket propelled bombs of World War II">PC 1000 Rs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_rocket_propelled_bombs_of_World_War_II" title="German rocket propelled bombs of World War II">PC 1800 Rs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PD_500" title="PD 500">PD 500</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=PD_1000&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PD 1000 (page does not exist)">PD 1000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BDC_10#SC_10" title="BDC 10">SC 10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BDC_10#SC_10" title="BDC 10">SC 10 DW</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AB_250-2#SD_4_HL" title="AB 250-2">SD 4 HL</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=SD_4/HL_RS&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SD 4/HL RS (page does not exist)">SD 4/HL RS</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=SD_9/HL&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SD 9/HL (page does not exist)">SD 9/HL</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Cluster_bomb" class="mw-redirect" title="Cluster bomb">Cluster bombs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AB_23" title="AB 23">AB 23</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AB_250-2" title="AB 250-2">AB 250-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AB_250-3" title="AB 250-3">AB 250-3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AB_500-1" title="AB 500-1">AB 500-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AB_500-1B" title="AB 500-1B">AB 500-1B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AB_500-3A" title="AB 500-3A">AB 500-3A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AB_70-D1" title="AB 70-D1">AB 70-D1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BDC_10" title="BDC 10">BDC 10</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Bomb#High_explosive" title="Bomb">High-explosive bombs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/SB_1000" title="SB 1000">SB 1000</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=SB_1800&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SB 1800 (page does not exist)">SB 1800</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SB_2500" title="SB 2500">SB 2500</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SC50_bomb" title="SC50 bomb">SC 50</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=SC100_bomb&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SC100 bomb (page does not exist)">SC 100</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SC250_bomb" title="SC250 bomb">SC 250</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SC500_bomb" class="mw-redirect" title="SC500 bomb">SC 500</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SC1000_bomb" title="SC1000 bomb">SC 1000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SC1200_bomb" title="SC1200 bomb">SC 1200</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SC1800_bomb" title="SC1800 bomb">SC 1800</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SC2000_bomb" title="SC2000 bomb">SC 2000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SC2500_bomb" title="SC2500 bomb">SC 2500</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Bomb#Incendiary" title="Bomb">Incendiary bombs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Br_C_50&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Br C 50 (page does not exist)">Br C 50</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Br_C_100&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Br C 100 (page does not exist)">Br C 100</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Br_C_250&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Br C 250 (page does not exist)">Br C 250</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flam_50&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Flam 50 (page does not exist)">Flam 50</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flam_100&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Flam 100 (page does not exist)">Flam 100</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flam_250&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Flam 250 (page does not exist)">Flam 250</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Anti-ship bombs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=PC_500_RS&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PC 500 RS (page does not exist)">PC 500 RS "Paulina"</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=PC_1000_RS&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PC 1000 RS (page does not exist)">PC 1000 RS "Paul"</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=PC_1800_RS&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PC 1800 RS (page does not exist)">PC 1800 RS "Panther"</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=SB_800R-5_250&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SB 800R-5 250 (page does not exist)">SB 800R-5 250</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=SB_800RS&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SB 800RS (page does not exist)">SB 800RS</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Smoke bombs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/NC_50" class="mw-redirect" title="NC 50">NC 50</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Experimental weapons</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blohm_%26_Voss_BV_143" title="Blohm & Voss BV 143">Blohm & Voss BV 143</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blohm_%26_Voss_BV_246" title="Blohm & Voss BV 246">Blohm & Voss BV 246</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blohm_%26_Voss_BV_950" title="Blohm & Voss BV 950">Blohm & Voss BV 950</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=BT_200&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="BT 200 (page does not exist)">BT 200</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henschel_Hs_294" title="Henschel Hs 294">Henschel Hs 294</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henschel_Hs_298" title="Henschel Hs 298">Henschel Hs 298</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jagdfaust" title="Jagdfaust">Jagdfaust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauser_MG_213" title="Mauser MG 213">MG 213</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MK_108_cannon#Related_designs" title="MK 108 cannon">MK 112</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MK_214A_cannon" title="MK 214A cannon">MK 214A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MK_115_cannon" title="MK 115 cannon">MK 115</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruhrstahl_X-4" title="Ruhrstahl X-4">Ruhrstahl X-4</a></li> <li><a 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