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class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Culhwch ac Olwen</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Culhwch_ac_Olwen-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Culhwch ac Olwen subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Culhwch_ac_Olwen-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ysgithyrwyn_Chief-Boar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ysgithyrwyn_Chief-Boar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Ysgithyrwyn Chief-Boar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ysgithyrwyn_Chief-Boar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-List_of_dogs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#List_of_dogs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>List of dogs</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-List_of_dogs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Cavall_the_horse" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cavall_the_horse"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.1</span> <span>Cavall the horse</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cavall_the_horse-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Etymology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etymology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Etymology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etymology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul 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id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">King Arthur's dog</div> <p><b>Cavall</b> (Middle <a href="/wiki/Welsh_language" title="Welsh language">Welsh</a>: <i lang="cy">cauall</i> <a href="/wiki/Red_Book_of_Hergest" title="Red Book of Hergest">RBH</a> & <a href="/wiki/White_Book_of_Rhydderch" title="White Book of Rhydderch">WBR</a>; modernized: <i>Cafall</i>;<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">pronounced</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="cy-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Welsh" title="Help:IPA/Welsh">[kaˈvaɬ]</a></span>; <i><a href="/wiki/Latin_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin language">Latin</a>: <i lang="la">Cabal</i></i>, var. <i>Caball</i> (<small>ms.K</small>))<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was <a href="/wiki/King_Arthur" title="King Arthur">King Arthur</a>'s dog, used in the hunt for the great boar, <a href="/wiki/Twrch_Trwyth" title="Twrch Trwyth">Twrch Trwyth</a> (<a href="/wiki/Latin_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin language">Latin</a>: <i lang="la">Troynt, Troit</i>). </p><p>Cavall was Arthur's "favourite dog", and during a stag hunt, he was customarily the last dog to be let loose to chase after the game (<i><a href="/wiki/Gereint_and_Enid" class="mw-redirect" title="Gereint and Enid">Gereint Son of Erbin</a></i>).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGuest_ed.,_tr.184987_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGuest_ed.,_tr.184987-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historia_Brittonum"><i>Historia Brittonum</i></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cavall&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Historia Brittonum"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Linked to the Welsh literature regarding Arthur's dog Cafall is the mention Arthur's dog Cabal's pawprint, preserved in rock, in the Latin tract of <i><a href="/wiki/Historia_Brittonum" title="Historia Brittonum">Historia Brittonum</a></i> (9th century). The print was preserved in rock while the dog was pursuing the boar Troynt. The lore is preserved in the <i><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/History_of_the_Britons#Wonders_of_Britain" class="extiw" title="wikisource:History of the Britons">Wonders of Britain</a></i> (<i>De Mirabilibus Britanniae</i> or <i>Mirabilia</i> in shorthand) appended to the <i>Historia Brittonum</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The wondrous nature of this <a href="/wiki/Cairn" title="Cairn">cairn</a> of stones was that even if someone removed that foot-printed stone to another spot, it would be back at its original heap the next day.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERhys1901537–539_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERhys1901537–539-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGuest_ed.,_tr.1849358–360_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGuest_ed.,_tr.1849358–360-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-higham2018_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-higham2018-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cavall_footprint_stone_Guest_Mabinogion(1849)_vol2_p360.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d1/Cavall_footprint_stone_Guest_Mabinogion%281849%29_vol2_p360.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="100" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="100" /></a><figcaption>Sketch of a footprint stone from Carn Cavall, Lady Guest's <i>Mabinogion</i> (1849)</figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>There is another marvel in the region which is called Buelt (≈<a href="/wiki/Buellt" title="Buellt">Buellt</a><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>). There is a mound of stones there and one stone placed above the pile with the pawprint of a dog in it. When Cabal, who was the dog of Arthur the soldier, was hunting the boar Troynt (<i>recté</i> Troit<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>), he impressed his print in the stone, and afterwards Arthur assembled a stone mound under the stone with the print of his dog, and it is called the Carn Cabal (i.e., a <a href="/wiki/Cairn" title="Cairn">cairn</a><sup id="cite_ref-roberts1991-p090_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-roberts1991-p090-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>). And men come and remove the stone in their hands for the length of a day and a night; and on the next day it is found on top of its mound.</p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite><a href="/wiki/John_Allen_Giles" title="John Allen Giles">J. A. Giles</a> tr., <i>Wonders of Britain</i> §73<sup id="cite_ref-mirabilia-tr-giles_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mirabilia-tr-giles-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></cite></div></blockquote> <p>Lady Charlotte Guest was aware of the local lore that placed the monument at a mountain situated in the "district of Builth", the name by which that area was still being remembered from what was the ancient Buellt <a href="/wiki/Cantref" title="Cantref">cantref</a> of medieval Wales.<sup id="cite_ref-guest-buelt_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-guest-buelt-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nowadays, this mountain is known as <a href="/wiki/Carn_Gafallt" title="Carn Gafallt">Carn Gafallt</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-roberts1991-p090_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-roberts1991-p090-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but this identification is uncertain according to <a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_Ashe" title="Geoffrey Ashe">Geoffrey Ashe</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-NewArthEncy-topological_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NewArthEncy-topological-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The "Buelt" name is also preserved in present-day <a href="/wiki/Builth_Wells" title="Builth Wells">Builth Wells</a> (in historic county of <a href="/wiki/Brecknockshire" title="Brecknockshire">Brecknockshire</a>) now part of county <a href="/wiki/Powys" title="Powys">Powys</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-NewArthEncy-topological_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NewArthEncy-topological-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culhwch_ac_Olwen">Culhwch ac Olwen</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cavall&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Culhwch ac Olwen"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Twrch_Trwyth" title="Twrch Trwyth">Twrch Trwyth</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hunting_of_Twrch_Trwyth" class="mw-redirect" title="Hunting of Twrch Trwyth">Hunting of Twrch Trwyth</a></div> <p>Unlike the simple primitive lore, the late Welsh romance <i><a href="/wiki/Culhwch_and_Olwen" title="Culhwch and Olwen">Culhwch and Olwen</a></i> weaves a much more intricate tale, naming many dogs besides Cavall in the hunting party, and the <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/quarry" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:quarry">quarry</a> is no longer just the boar <a href="/wiki/Twrch_Trwyth" title="Twrch Trwyth">Twrch Trwyth</a> itself, its seven offspring (with names), and yet another boar named <a href="/wiki/Ysgithyrwyn" title="Ysgithyrwyn">Yskithyrwyn</a> besides. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ysgithyrwyn_Chief-Boar">Ysgithyrwyn Chief-Boar</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cavall&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Ysgithyrwyn Chief-Boar"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Yskithyrwyn Penbaedd (or <a href="/wiki/Ysgithyrwyn" title="Ysgithyrwyn">Ysgithyrwyn Chief Boar</a>) was yet another boar to be hunted by Arthur's band; its tusk, which needed to be extracted while still alive, being another of the "impossible tasks" (<i>anoeth</i>; pl. <i>anoethiau</i>) prescribed by <a href="/wiki/Ysbaddaden" title="Ysbaddaden">Ysbaddaden Chief-Giant</a>. This tusk was the tool necessary for shaving the giant to groom him up, him being the father of the bride Olwen. </p><p>In <i>Culhwch and Olwen</i>, Arthur's dog Cavall is specifically credited with the slaying of Yskithyrwin (or at least with cornering the beast to its doom). Caw of Prydain who rides Arthur's mare <a href="/wiki/Llamrei" title="Llamrei">Llamrei</a> cleaves Yskithyrwyn's head with a hatchet. </p><p>Afterwards, "Bedwyr leading Cavall, Arthur's own dog",<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> joins the other hunters and dogs to pursue the great boar <a href="/wiki/Twrch_Trwyth" title="Twrch Trwyth">Twrch Trwyth</a> and its piglets. But the specific role played by Cavall is not told. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="List_of_dogs">List of dogs</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cavall&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: List of dogs"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The other hounds, which either belonged to Arthur's retinue or were recruited elsewhere, include: </p> <ul><li>The two (wolf?) pups of Gast Rhymhi<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (two whelps of the bitch Rhymhi),<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJonesJones_trr.199388,_105_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJonesJones_trr.199388,_105-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li>The pups/cubs are possibly named Gwyddrud and Gwyddneu Astrus, though they are introduced as members of Arthur's court.<sup id="cite_ref-stephens1998_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stephens1998-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li>Aned and Aethelm.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Glas, Glessic, and Gleisad<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> belonging to the three sons of Cleddyf Kyfwlch, named Bwlch, Kyfwlch, and Sefwlch.</li> <li>Drudwyn,<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJonesJones_trr.199398,_106,_110_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJonesJones_trr.199398,_106,_110-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the pup of Greid the son of Eri.</li> <li>two dogs of Glythmyr Ledewic<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (Glythfyr Ledewig).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJonesJones_trr.199389,_100_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJonesJones_trr.199389,_100-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Cavall_the_horse">Cavall the horse</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cavall&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Cavall the horse"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Glas, Glesig, and Gleisad are referred to as dogs, and Call, Cuall, and Cafall as horses, and so on down the line, in the list of belongings of sons of Cleddyf, or, at least they are nowadays in modern translations.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, in the first English translation by Lady Guest, Glas, etc. were construed as sword names and Call, Cuall, Cavall as dogs, respectively. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cavall&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Ifor_Williams" title="Ifor Williams">Ifor Williams</a> has made a study of occurrences of Cafall in old Welsh poetry.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A number of scholars have commented upon the similarity of the dog's name to the Latin word <i>caballus</i> for "horse". In an article from 1936, R. J. Thomas said that "the name Cabal is from Latin <i>caballus</i> 'horse', which he considers a quite natural metaphor since the dog was strong and swift, and he compares the horse of Conall Cernach which had a dog's head".<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Furthermore, the form <span title="Old Welsh-language text"><i lang="owl">cabal</i></span> existed in <a href="/wiki/Old_Welsh" title="Old Welsh">Old Welsh</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts199190_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoberts199190-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Bromwich further remarks, "Since <i>carn</i> means both 'hoof' and 'cairn' it seems more probable that <i>Cabal/Cafall</i> originally designated Arthur horse.. rather than his hound".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBromwichEvans1992153_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBromwichEvans1992153-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cavall&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Husdent" class="mw-redirect" title="Husdent">Husdent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hengroen" title="Hengroen">Hengroen</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Explanatory_notes">Explanatory notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cavall&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Explanatory notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Guest's notes also provides a sketch of the footprint (shown right) as well as facsimile of the Latin text from Harley 3859.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">However, Lady Guest parsed the text so that these were the three "grinding gashers", i.e., sword names.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-otunnell2003_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-otunnell2003-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Translator Gantz(2003) agreed with the possibility they are sword names.<sup id="cite_ref-gantz-tr2003_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gantz-tr2003-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cavall&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dt>Citations</dt></dl> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFJonesJones_trr.1993">Jones & Jones trr. (1993)</a>, 107, 110, 199</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMommsen1898">Mommsen (1898)</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/chronicaminorasa13momm/page/217/mode/2up">p. 217</a> textual variants note to line 23. The codices used for this portion of the work are CDGHKLQ.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGuest_ed.,_tr.184987-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGuest_ed.,_tr.184987_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGuest_ed.,_tr.1849">Guest ed., tr. (1849)</a>, p. 87.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_Ashe" title="Geoffrey Ashe">Ashe, Geoffrey</a>. "Nennius", in: Lacy, Norris J., et al., edd., <i>The Arthurian Encyclopedia</i>, New York: Peter Bedrick Books, 1986, pp. 404–406: "The appendix of <i>Mirabilia</i> ("Marvels") may be a little later than the rest of the book, but not much" (p. 406).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERhys1901537–539-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERhys1901537–539_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRhys1901">Rhys (1901)</a>, pp. 537–539.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGuest_ed.,_tr.1849358–360-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGuest_ed.,_tr.1849358–360_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGuest_ed.,_tr.1849">Guest ed., tr. (1849)</a>, pp. 358–360.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-higham2018-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-higham2018_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFHigham2018" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/N._J._Higham" title="N. J. Higham">Higham, Nicholas J.</a> (2018) [1932]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=dn11DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA204"><i>King Arthur: The Making of the Legend</i></a>. Yale University Press. pp. 204–207. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780300240863" title="Special:BookSources/9780300240863"><bdi>9780300240863</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=King+Arthur%3A+The+Making+of+the+Legend&rft.pages=204-207&rft.pub=Yale+University+Press&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=9780300240863&rft.aulast=Higham&rft.aufirst=Nicholas+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Ddn11DwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA204&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACavall" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-guest-buelt-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-guest-buelt_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-guest-buelt_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGuest_ed.,_tr.1849">Guest ed., tr. (1849)</a>, p. 359 writes: "a mountain in the district of Builth, to the South of <a href="/wiki/Rhayader" title="Rhayader">Rhayader Gwy</a>[i.e., on the <a href="/wiki/River_Wye" title="River Wye">River Wye</a>], and within sight of that town", then on p. 360, quotes the correspondence from her informant that: "Carn Cavall..generally pronounced Corn Cavall, is a lofty and rugged mountain, in the upper part of the district anciently called Buellt, now written Builth, in Breconshire".</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"district of Builth" in <a href="/wiki/Brecknockshire" title="Brecknockshire">Brecknockshire</a><sup id="cite_ref-guest-buelt_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-guest-buelt-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="#CITEREFFletcher1906">Fletcher (1906)</a>, p. 15, n5 gives "Brecknock-Radnor", apparently meaning Brecknockshire and <a href="/wiki/Radnorshire" title="Radnorshire">Radnorshire</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFletcher1906">Fletcher (1906)</a>, p. 320: "Two names in the <i>Mirabilia</i> should be replaced by better variant readings, Troynt by Troit, and Anir by Amr".</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-roberts1991-p090-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-roberts1991-p090_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-roberts1991-p090_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRoberts1991">Roberts (1991)</a>, p. 90: "Carn Cabal is a cairn.. now.. <a href="/wiki/Carn_Gafallt" title="Carn Gafallt">Corn Gaffalt</a>, a hill.. in north Brecknockshire, between Rhaeadr [i.e., <a href="/wiki/Rhayader" title="Rhayader">Rhayader</a>, Radnorshire] and <a href="/wiki/Builth_Wells" title="Builth Wells">Builth Wells</a>".</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-mirabilia-tr-giles-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-mirabilia-tr-giles_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs1"><span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:en:Six Old English Chronicles/Nennius's History of the Britons (Annotated)#1:73"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/en:Six_Old_English_Chronicles/Nennius%27s_History_of_the_Britons_(Annotated)#1:73"><i>Wonders of Britain, Ch. 73</i> </a></span>. Translated by <a href="/wiki/John_Allen_Giles" title="John Allen Giles">J. A. Giles</a> – via <a href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a>. <q>There is another marvel in the region which is called <a href="/wiki/Buellt" title="Buellt">Buelt</a>..</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Wonders+of+Britain%2C+Ch.+73&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACavall" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Cf. <a href="#CITEREFGuest_ed.,_tr.1849">Guest ed., tr. (1849)</a>, p. 359 and <a href="#CITEREFGuest_tr.1877">Guest tr. (1877)</a>, p. 289, notes, p. , translated from <a href="#CITEREFStevenson1838">Stevenson (1838)</a>, §73</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NewArthEncy-topological-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NewArthEncy-topological_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NewArthEncy-topological_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAshe2013" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_Ashe" title="Geoffrey Ashe">Ashe, Geoffrey</a> (2013) [1996]. "Topography and Local Legends". In <a href="/wiki/Norris_J._Lacy" title="Norris J. Lacy">Lacy, Norris J.</a>; <a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_Ashe" title="Geoffrey Ashe">Ashe, Geoffrey</a>; Ihle, Sandra Ness; Kalinke, Marianne E.; <a href="/wiki/Raymond_H._Thompson" title="Raymond H. Thompson">Thompson, Raymond H.</a> (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=hf6zAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA456"><i>The New Arthurian Encyclopedia: New edition</i></a>. Routledge. p. 456. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781136606335" title="Special:BookSources/9781136606335"><bdi>9781136606335</bdi></a>. <q>Buelt in central Wales, where Builth Wells preserves the name</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Topography+and+Local+Legends&rft.btitle=The+New+Arthurian+Encyclopedia%3A+New+edition&rft.pages=456&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=9781136606335&rft.aulast=Ashe&rft.aufirst=Geoffrey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dhf6zAAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA456&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACavall" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Latin text's editor also annotates on the place name "Buelt" as "Brecknock-Radnor", <a href="#CITEREFFletcher1906">Fletcher (1906)</a>, p. 15, n5</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGuest_ed.,_tr.1849">Guest ed., tr. (1849)</a>, p. 311 / a bedwyr a chauall ki arthur ynyl w ynteu. p. 239</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGuest_ed.,_tr.1849">Guest ed., tr. (1849)</a>, pp. 266, 301 / gast rymi p. 210, gast rymhi 235</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEJonesJones_trr.199388,_105-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJonesJones_trr.199388,_105_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFJonesJones_trr.1993">Jones & Jones trr. (1993)</a>, pp. 88, 105.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-stephens1998-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-stephens1998_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStephens1998" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Meic_Stephens" title="Meic Stephens">Stephens, Meic</a> (1998). "Rhymhi". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=WoMYAAAAIAAJ&q=Gwyden+Astrus"><i>The New Companion to the Literature of Wales</i></a>. Cardiff: University of Wales Press. p. 634. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780708313831" title="Special:BookSources/9780708313831"><bdi>9780708313831</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Rhymhi&rft.btitle=The+New+Companion+to+the+Literature+of+Wales&rft.place=Cardiff&rft.pages=634&rft.pub=University+of+Wales+Press&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=9780708313831&rft.aulast=Stephens&rft.aufirst=Meic&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DWoMYAAAAIAAJ%26q%3DGwyden%2BAstrus&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACavall" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBromwichEvans1992">Bromwich & Evans (1992)</a>, <i>Culhwch</i>, pp. 100, 146n: "<span title="Welsh-language text"><i lang="cy">Gwydrut a Gwyden Astrus</i></span>" make this identification. The family of wolves reverts to human form by grace of God, but it is rather a mystery how Culhwch's bridal quest was helped by this.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGuest_ed.,_tr.1849">Guest ed., tr. (1849)</a>, pp. 290, 316 / "anet ac aethlem", pp. 227, 246</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFJonesJones_trr.1993">Jones & Jones trr. (1993)</a>, pp. 100, 112</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBromwichEvans1992">Bromwich & Evans (1992)</a>, p. 27: "Glas , Glessic , Gleissat , eu tri chi; Call , Cuall , Cauall , eu tri meirch"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEJonesJones_trr.199389,100-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJonesJones_trr.199389,100_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFJonesJones_trr.1993">Jones & Jones trr. (1993)</a>, p. 89,100.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-davis-tr2014-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-davis-tr2014_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKiblerPalmer2014" class="citation book cs1">Kibler, William W.; Palmer, R. Barton, eds. (2014). "Arthur in Early Wales/<i>Culhwch and Owen</i>". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=MFmDBAAAQBAJ&q=Cafall"><i>Medieval Arthurian Epic and Romance: Eight New Translations</i></a>. Translated by Davis, Craig. Jefferson, NC: McFarland. pp. 73, 74, 82, 89, (94, 96). <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7864-4779-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7864-4779-4"><bdi>978-0-7864-4779-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Arthur+in+Early+Wales%2FCulhwch+and+Owen&rft.btitle=Medieval+Arthurian+Epic+and+Romance%3A+Eight+New+Translations&rft.place=Jefferson%2C+NC&rft.pages=73%2C+74%2C+82%2C+89%2C+%2894%2C+96%29&rft.pub=McFarland&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-0-7864-4779-4&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DMFmDBAAAQBAJ%26q%3DCafall&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACavall" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Besides Bromwich's edition, several modern translations interpret these as dogs' name, e.g. Jones & Jones: "Glas, Glesig Gleisad, their three dogs"<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJonesJones_trr.199389,100_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJonesJones_trr.199389,100-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or Davis: "Glas [Grey], Glesig, Gleisad [Salmon]--their three dogs. Call [Clever], Cuall [Quick], Cafall [Steed]--their three horses",<sup id="cite_ref-davis-tr2014_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-davis-tr2014-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> etc.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGuest_ed.,_tr.1849">Guest ed., tr. (1849)</a>, Welsh, pp. 211, 227; translation pp. 267, 291: "three grinding gashers, Glas, Glessic, and Clersag. Their three dogs, Call, Cuall, and Cavall. Their three horses, Hwyrdydwg, and Drwgdydwg, and Llwyrdydwg"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-otunnell2003-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-otunnell2003_29-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTunnell2003" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Michael_O._Tunnell" title="Michael O. Tunnell">Tunnell, Michael O.</a> (2003). "Glessic (GLES-sik), Prince". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=FZeGol6GICEC&pg=PA107"><i>The Prydain Companion: A Reference Guide to Lloyd Alexander's Prydain Chronicles</i></a>. Henry Holt and Company. p. 107. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781429960007" title="Special:BookSources/9781429960007"><bdi>9781429960007</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Glessic+%28GLES-sik%29%2C+Prince&rft.btitle=The+Prydain+Companion%3A+A+Reference+Guide+to+Lloyd+Alexander%27s+Prydain+Chronicles&rft.pages=107&rft.pub=Henry+Holt+and+Company&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=9781429960007&rft.aulast=Tunnell&rft.aufirst=Michael+O.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DFZeGol6GICEC%26pg%3DPA107&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACavall" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-gantz-tr2003-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-gantz-tr2003_30-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=VatVpD7AJBgC&pg=PT327"><i>The Mabinogion</i></a>. Translated by Gantz, Jeffrey. Penguin UK. 2003. fn71. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780141920467" title="Special:BookSources/9780141920467"><bdi>9780141920467</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Mabinogion&rft.pages=fn71&rft.pub=Penguin+UK&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=9780141920467&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DVatVpD7AJBgC%26pg%3DPT327&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACavall" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGuest_ed.,_tr.1849">Guest ed., tr. (1849)</a>, pp. 286, 303, 306 / drutywyn, pp. 225, 236, 237</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEJonesJones_trr.199398,_106,_110-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJonesJones_trr.199398,_106,_110_33-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFJonesJones_trr.1993">Jones & Jones trr. (1993)</a>, pp. 98, 106, 110.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGuest_ed.,_tr.1849">Guest ed., tr. (1849)</a>, pp. 306, 311 / deu gi glythmyr lewic, glythuyr ledewic, letewic, pp. 238, 242.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEJonesJones_trr.199389,_100-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJonesJones_trr.199389,_100_35-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFJonesJones_trr.1993">Jones & Jones trr. (1993)</a>, pp. 89, 100.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Such as Gwyn & Thomas Jones', 1949 and Jeffrey Gantz's, 1976.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBromwichEvans1992">Bromwich & Evans (1992)</a>, p. 153, notes that Ifor Williams has studied "..instances of cafall < Lat. caballus..in the <i>Hengerdd</i>(old poetry) CA 1203; CLlH vii, 22a; PT 38n. on <i>caffon</i>. (Ifor Williams, CA=<i>Canu Aneirin</i>, 1938; CLlH=<i>Canu Llywarch Hen</i>, 1935; PT=<i>Poems of Taliesin</i>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFord1982" class="citation cs2">Ford, Patrick K. (1982), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=GoNnAAAAMAAJ">"On the Significance of some Arthurian Names in Welsh"</a>, <i>Bulletin of the Board of Celtic Studies</i>, <b>30</b>: 268</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+the+Board+of+Celtic+Studies&rft.atitle=On+the+Significance+of+some+Arthurian+Names+in+Welsh&rft.volume=30&rft.pages=268&rft.date=1982&rft.aulast=Ford&rft.aufirst=Patrick+K.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DGoNnAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACavall" class="Z3988"></span>, summarizing from R. J. Thomas, "Cysylltiad Arthur gogledd Ceredigion", <i>Bulletin of the Board of Celtic Studies</i> <b>8</b> (2): 124–125.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERoberts199190-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts199190_39-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRoberts1991">Roberts (1991)</a>, p. 90.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBromwichEvans1992153-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBromwichEvans1992153_40-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBromwichEvans1992">Bromwich & Evans (1992)</a>, p. 153.</span> </li> </ol></div> <dl><dt>Bibliography</dt></dl> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="38" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/57px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/76px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a> has original text related to this article: <div style="margin-left: 10px;"><b><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_Mabinogion/Kilhwch_and_Olwen" class="extiw" title="wikisource:The Mabinogion/Kilhwch and Olwen">Kilhwch and Olwen<i></i></a></b></div></div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="38" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/57px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/76px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a> has original text related to this article: <div style="margin-left: 10px;"><b><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_Mabinogion/Geraint_the_Son_of_Erbin" class="extiw" title="wikisource:The Mabinogion/Geraint the Son of Erbin">Geraint the Son of Erbin<i></i></a></b></div></div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="38" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/57px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/76px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a> has original text related to this article: <div style="margin-left: 10px;"><b><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/History_of_the_Britons#Wonders_of_Britain" class="extiw" title="wikisource:History of the Britons">History of the Britons (Wonders of Britain)<i></i></a></b></div></div></div> </div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBromwichEvans1992" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/Rachel_Bromwich" title="Rachel Bromwich">Bromwich, Rachel</a>; Evans, Daniel Simon (1992), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=zzkcAQAAIAAJ"><i>Culhwch and Olwen: an edition and study of the oldest Arthurian tale</i></a>, University of Wales Press, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780708311271" title="Special:BookSources/9780708311271"><bdi>9780708311271</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Culhwch+and+Olwen%3A+an+edition+and+study+of+the+oldest+Arthurian+tale&rft.pub=University+of+Wales+Press&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=9780708311271&rft.aulast=Bromwich&rft.aufirst=Rachel&rft.au=Evans%2C+Daniel+Simon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DzzkcAQAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACavall" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGuest_ed.,_tr.1849" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Lady_Charlotte_Guest" title="Lady Charlotte Guest">Guest, Charlotte</a> (1849). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=aFUAAAAAcAAJ"><i>The Mabinogion: From the Llyfr Coch o Hergest</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(google)</span>. Vol. 2. London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Mabinogion%3A+From+the+Llyfr+Coch+o+Hergest&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Longman%2C+Brown%2C+Green%2C+and+Longmans&rft.date=1849&rft.aulast=Guest&rft.aufirst=Charlotte&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DaFUAAAAAcAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACavall" class="Z3988"></span>: <i>Geraint ab Erbin</i> Welsh, p. 4; English, p. 67. <i>Kilhwch ac Olwen</i> Welsh, p. 195; English, p. 249.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFletcher1906" class="citation book cs1">Fletcher, Robert Huntington, ed. (1906). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/arthurianmateri00fletgoog"><i>The Arthurian material in the chronicles</i></a>. Studies and Notes in Philology and Literature 10. Modern Language Departments of Harvard University/Ginn & Co. pp. 32–4. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=CdwWAAAAYAAJ">the original</a> on 2008-03-11.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Arthurian+material+in+the+chronicles&rft.series=Studies+and+Notes+in+Philology+and+Literature+10&rft.pages=32-4&rft.pub=Modern+Language+Departments+of+Harvard+University%2FGinn+%26+Co.&rft.date=1906&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DCdwWAAAAYAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACavall" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGuest_tr.1877" class="citation book cs1">—— (1877). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=dU0JAAAAQAAJ"><i>The Mabinogion</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(google)</span>. London: Quaritch.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Mabinogion&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Quaritch&rft.date=1877&rft.aulast=Guest&rft.aufirst=Charlotte&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DdU0JAAAAQAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACavall" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJonesJones_trr.1993" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Gwyn_Jones_(author)" title="Gwyn Jones (author)">Jones, Gwyn</a>; <a href="/wiki/T._Gwynn_Jones" title="T. Gwynn Jones">Jones, Thomas</a> (1993). "Culhwch and Olwen". <i>The Mabinogion</i>. Everyman Library. London: <a href="/wiki/J._M._Dent" title="J. M. Dent">J. M. Dent</a>. pp. 80–113. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-460-87297-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-460-87297-3"><bdi>978-0-460-87297-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Culhwch+and+Olwen&rft.btitle=The+Mabinogion&rft.place=London&rft.series=Everyman+Library&rft.pages=80-113&rft.pub=J.+M.+Dent&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=978-0-460-87297-3&rft.aulast=Jones&rft.aufirst=Gwyn&rft.au=Jones%2C+Thomas&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACavall" class="Z3988"></span> (Revised edition 1993; Indexed 1989; first published Everyman Library 1949)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJones2011" class="citation book cs1">—— (2011) [1949]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=3Dt8CgAAQBAJ&pg=PT101">"Culhwch and Olwen"</a>. <i>The Mabinogion</i>. Read Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1446546253" title="Special:BookSources/978-1446546253"><bdi>978-1446546253</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Culhwch+and+Olwen&rft.btitle=The+Mabinogion&rft.pub=Read+Books&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-1446546253&rft.aulast=Jones&rft.aufirst=Gwyn&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D3Dt8CgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPT101&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACavall" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMommsen1898" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Theodor_Mommsen" title="Theodor Mommsen">Mommsen, Theodor</a>, ed. (1898). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/chronicaminorasa13momm/page/110/mode/2up">"Historia Brittonvm cvm additamentis Nennii"</a>. <i>Chronica Minora</i>. Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Auctorum Antiquissimi xiii. Vol. 3. Berlin: Weidmann. pp. 111–222.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Historia+Brittonvm+cvm+additamentis+Nennii&rft.btitle=Chronica+Minora&rft.place=Berlin&rft.series=Monumenta+Germaniae+Historica%2C+Auctorum+Antiquissimi+xiii&rft.pages=111-222&rft.pub=Weidmann&rft.date=1898&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fchronicaminorasa13momm%2Fpage%2F110%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACavall" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRhys1901" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/John_Rhys" class="mw-redirect" title="John Rhys">Rhys, John</a> (1901), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ASXaAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA537"><i>Celtic folklore: Welsh and Manx</i></a>, vol. 2, pp. 520–502, 537–539</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Celtic+folklore%3A+Welsh+and+Manx&rft.pages=520-502%2C+537-539&rft.date=1901&rft.aulast=Rhys&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DASXaAAAAMAAJ%26pg%3DPA537&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACavall" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoberts1991" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Brynley_F._Roberts" title="Brynley F. Roberts">Roberts, Brynley F.</a> (1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=G4oEEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA90">"3 <i>Cuhlhwch ac Olwen</i>, the Triads, Saints' Lives"</a>. In <a href="/wiki/Rachel_Bromwich" title="Rachel Bromwich">Bromwich, Rachel</a>; Jarman, A. O. H.; <a href="/wiki/Brynley_F._Roberts" title="Brynley F. Roberts">Roberts, Brynley F.</a> (eds.). <i>The Arthur of the Welsh: The Arthurian Legend in Medieval Welsh Literature</i>. Cardiff: University of Wales Press. pp. 73–96. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781786837349" title="Special:BookSources/9781786837349"><bdi>9781786837349</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=3+Cuhlhwch+ac+Olwen%2C+the+Triads%2C+Saints%27+Lives&rft.btitle=The+Arthur+of+the+Welsh%3A+The+Arthurian+Legend+in+Medieval+Welsh+Literature&rft.place=Cardiff&rft.pages=73-96&rft.pub=University+of+Wales+Press&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=9781786837349&rft.aulast=Roberts&rft.aufirst=Brynley+F.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DG4oEEAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA90&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACavall" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStevenson1838" class="citation cs2">Stevenson, Joseph, ed. (1838), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=VEUMAAAAIAAJ">"Nennii Historia Britonum ad fidem codicum manuscriptorum"</a>, <i>Publications of the English Historical Society</i>, vol. 4, sumptibus Societatis</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Publications+of+the+English+Historical+Society&rft.atitle=Nennii+Historia+Britonum+ad+fidem+codicum+manuscriptorum&rft.volume=4&rft.date=1838&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DVEUMAAAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACavall" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output 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ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Arthurian_legend" title="Template:Arthurian legend"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Arthurian_legend" title="Template talk:Arthurian legend"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Arthurian_legend" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Arthurian legend"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="King_Arthur_and_the_Matter_of_Britain" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/King_Arthur" title="King Arthur">King Arthur</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Matter_of_Britain" title="Matter of Britain">Matter of Britain</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/King_Arthur%27s_family" title="King Arthur's family">Family</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agravain" title="Agravain">Agravain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cador" title="Cador">Cador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantine_(Briton)" title="Constantine (Briton)">Constantine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culhwch" title="Culhwch">Culhwch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sir_Ector" title="Sir Ector">Ector</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elaine_(legend)" title="Elaine (legend)">Elaine of Garlot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hoel" class="mw-redirect" title="Hoel">Hoel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaheris" title="Gaheris">Gaheris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gareth" title="Gareth">Gareth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gawain" title="Gawain">Gawain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gingalain" title="Gingalain">Gingalain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guinevere" title="Guinevere">Guinevere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Igraine" title="Igraine">Igraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sir_Kay" title="Sir Kay">Kay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mordred" title="Mordred">Mordred</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morgan_le_Fay" title="Morgan le Fay">Morgan le Fay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morgause" title="Morgause">Morgause</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambrosius_Aurelianus" title="Ambrosius Aurelianus">Ambrosius Aurelianus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uther_Pendragon" title="Uther Pendragon">Uther Pendragon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urien" title="Urien">Urien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ywain" title="Ywain">Yvain</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Knights_of_the_Round_Table" title="Knights of the Round Table">Knights of the<br /> Round Table</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bagdemagus" class="mw-redirect" title="Bagdemagus">Bagdemagus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bedivere" title="Bedivere">Bedivere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bors" title="Bors">Bors the Younger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brunor" title="Brunor">Brunor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clig%C3%A8s" title="Cligès">Cligès</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caradoc" title="Caradoc">Caradoc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dagonet" title="Dagonet">Dagonet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_von_dem_bl%C3%BChenden_Tal" title="Daniel von dem blühenden Tal">Daniel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dinadan" title="Dinadan">Dinadan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galahad" title="Galahad">Galahad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galehaut" title="Galehaut">Galehaut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geraint" title="Geraint">Geraint</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Griflet" class="mw-redirect" title="Griflet">Griflet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamorak" title="Lamorak">Lamorak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lancelot" title="Lancelot">Lancelot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lanval" title="Lanval">Lanval</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sir_Lionel" title="Sir Lionel">Lionel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moriaen" title="Moriaen">Moriaen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palamedes_(Arthurian_legend)" title="Palamedes (Arthurian legend)">Palamedes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pelleas" title="Pelleas">Pelleas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pellinore" class="mw-redirect" title="Pellinore">Pellinore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Percival" title="Percival">Percival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sagramore" title="Sagramore">Sagramore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tristan" title="Tristan">Tristan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Arthurian_characters" title="List of Arthurian characters">Other characters</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Accolon" title="Accolon">Accolon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agrestes" title="Agrestes">Agrestes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angharad_Golden-Hand" title="Angharad Golden-Hand">Angharad Golden-Hand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anguish_of_Ireland" title="Anguish of Ireland">Anguish of Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annowre" title="Annowre">Annowre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sir_Balin" title="Sir Balin">Balin and Balan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King_Ban" title="King Ban">Ban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lady_Bertilak" title="Lady Bertilak">Lady Bertilak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Knight_(Arthurian_legend)" title="Black Knight (Arthurian legend)">Black Knight(s)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blanchefleur" title="Blanchefleur">Blanchefleur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bors" title="Bors">Bors the Elder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brangaine" title="Brangaine">Brangaine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brunor" title="Brunor">Brunor(s)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catigern" title="Catigern">Catigern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claudas" title="Claudas">Claudas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elaine_of_Astolat" title="Elaine of Astolat">Elaine of Astolat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elaine_(legend)" title="Elaine (legend)">Elaine of Benoic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elaine_of_Corbenic" title="Elaine of Corbenic">Elaine of Corbenic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enide" title="Enide">Enide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feirefiz" title="Feirefiz">Feirefiz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fisher_King" title="Fisher King">Fisher King(s)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garel" title="Garel">Garel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorlois" title="Gorlois">Gorlois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Knight" title="Green Knight">Green Knight(s)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guiomar_(Arthurian_legend)" title="Guiomar (Arthurian legend)">Guiomar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guiron_le_Courtois" title="Guiron le Courtois">Guiron le Courtois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gwenhwyfach" title="Gwenhwyfach">Gwenhwyfach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hellawes_(sorceress)" title="Hellawes (sorceress)">Hellawes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hengist_and_Horsa" title="Hengist and Horsa">Hengist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iseult" title="Iseult">Iseult</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lady_of_the_Lake" title="Lady of the Lake">Lady/Ladies of the Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laudine" title="Laudine">Laudine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leodegrance" class="mw-redirect" title="Leodegrance">Leodegrance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lohengrin" title="Lohengrin">Lohengrin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King_Lot" title="King Lot">Lot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucius_Tiberius" title="Lucius Tiberius">Lucius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunete" title="Lunete">Lunete</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lynette_and_Lyonesse" title="Lynette and Lyonesse">Lynette and Lyonesse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maleagant" title="Maleagant">Maleagant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_of_Cornwall" title="Mark of Cornwall">Mark of Cornwall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meliodas" title="Meliodas">Meliodas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merlin" title="Merlin">Merlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Budic_II_of_Brittany" title="Budic II of Brittany">Nentres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nine_sorceresses" title="Nine sorceresses">Nine sorceresses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olwen" title="Olwen">Olwen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Percival%27s_sister" title="Percival's sister">Percival's sister</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Knight" title="Red Knight">Red Knight(s)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rience" class="mw-redirect" title="Rience">Rience</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sebile" title="Sebile">Sebile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taliesin" title="Taliesin">Taliesin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tegau_Eurfron" title="Tegau Eurfron">Tegau Eurfron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vortigern" title="Vortigern">Vortigern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yniol" class="mw-redirect" title="Yniol">Yniol</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Animal characters</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cavall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gringolet" title="Gringolet">Gringolet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petitcrieu" title="Petitcrieu">Petitcrieu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Questing_Beast" title="Questing Beast">Questing Beast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twrch_Trwyth" title="Twrch Trwyth">Twrch Trwyth</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Objects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Excalibur" title="Excalibur">Excalibur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Grail" title="Holy Grail">Holy Grail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pridwen" title="Pridwen">Pridwen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prydwen" title="Prydwen">Prydwen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Round_Table" title="Round Table">Round Table</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_Perilous" title="Siege Perilous">Siege Perilous</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Locations_associated_with_Arthurian_legend" class="mw-redirect" title="Locations associated with Arthurian legend">Places</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Astolat" title="Astolat">Astolat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avalon" title="Avalon">Avalon</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Glastonbury_Tor" title="Glastonbury Tor">Glastonbury Tor</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broc%C3%A9liande" title="Brocéliande">Brocéliande</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Val_sans_retour" title="Val sans retour">Val sans retour</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caerleon" title="Caerleon">Caerleon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camelot" title="Camelot">Camelot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celliwig" title="Celliwig">Celliwig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chapel_perilous" title="Chapel perilous">Chapel perilous</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corbenic" title="Corbenic">Corbenic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Esplumoir_Merlin" title="Esplumoir Merlin">Esplumoir Merlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joyous_Gard" title="Joyous Gard">Joyous Gard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_of_Maidens" title="Land of Maidens">Land/Castle of Maidens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Logres" title="Logres">Logres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyonesse" title="Lyonesse">Lyonesse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarras" title="Sarras">Sarras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tintagel" title="Tintagel">Tintagel</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tintagel_Castle" title="Tintagel Castle">Tintagel Castle</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">In media</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_King_Arthur" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibliography of King Arthur">Bibliography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_works_based_on_Arthurian_legends" title="List of works based on Arthurian legends">List of works</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/King_Arthur_in_comics" title="King Arthur in comics">comics</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Badon" title="Battle of Badon">Battle of Badon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Camlann" title="Battle of Camlann">Battle of Camlann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dolorous_Stroke" title="Dolorous Stroke">Dolorous Stroke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loathly_lady" title="Loathly lady">Loathly lady</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historicity_of_King_Arthur" title="Historicity of King Arthur">Historicity of King Arthur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King_Arthur%27s_messianic_return" title="King Arthur's messianic return">King Arthur's messianic return</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pendragon" title="Pendragon">Pendragon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knight_of_the_Swan" title="Knight of the Swan">Knight of the Swan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tristan_and_Iseult" title="Tristan and Iseult">Tristan and Iseult</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_Wales.svg/16px-Flag_of_Wales.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_Wales.svg/24px-Flag_of_Wales.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_Wales.svg/32px-Flag_of_Wales.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="480" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Wales" title="Portal:Wales">Wales portal</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/16px-Flag_of_England.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/24px-Flag_of_England.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/32px-Flag_of_England.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="480" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:England" title="Portal:England">England portal</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/P_history.svg/16px-P_history.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/P_history.svg/24px-P_history.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/P_history.svg/32px-P_history.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:History" title="Portal:History">History portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Celtic_mythology_series" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#c1e6c1;;background:#90db90;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Welsh_mythology" title="Template:Welsh mythology"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Welsh_mythology" title="Template talk:Welsh mythology"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Welsh_mythology" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Welsh mythology"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Celtic_mythology_series" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Celtic_mythology" title="Celtic mythology">Celtic mythology</a> series</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#c1e6c1;"><div><b><a href="/wiki/Welsh_mythology" title="Welsh mythology">Welsh mythology</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#c1e6c1;;width:1%">Texts and tales</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#c1e6c1;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Four_Branches_of_the_Mabinogi" title="Four Branches of the Mabinogi">Four Branches of the <i>Mabinogi</i></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Pwyll_Pendefig_Dyfed" title="Pwyll Pendefig Dyfed">Pwyll Pendefig Dyfed</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Branwen_ferch_Ll%C5%B7r" title="Branwen ferch Llŷr">Branwen ferch Llŷr</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Manawydan_fab_Ll%C5%B7r" title="Manawydan fab Llŷr">Manawydan fab Llŷr</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Math_fab_Mathonwy_(branch)" title="Math fab Mathonwy (branch)">Math fab Mathonwy</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#c1e6c1;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Matter_of_Britain" title="Matter of Britain">Arthurian</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Culhwch_and_Olwen" title="Culhwch and Olwen">Culhwch and Olwen</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Preiddeu_Annwfn" title="Preiddeu Annwfn">Preiddeu Annwfn</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pa_gur" title="Pa gur">Pa gur</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Three_Welsh_Romances#Owain,_or_the_Lady_of_the_Fountain" title="Three Welsh Romances">Owain, or the Lady of the Fountain</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Three_Welsh_Romances#Geraint_and_Enid" title="Three Welsh Romances">Geraint and Enid</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Peredur_son_of_Efrawg" title="Peredur son of Efrawg">Peredur son of Efrawg</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Dream_of_Rhonabwy" title="The Dream of Rhonabwy">The Dream of Rhonabwy</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Geraint_son_of_Erbin" title="Geraint son of Erbin">Geraint son of Erbin</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#c1e6c1;;width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Taliesin" title="Taliesin">Taliesin</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cad_Goddeu" title="Cad Goddeu">Cad Goddeu</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Welsh_Triads" title="Welsh Triads">Welsh Triads</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Welsh_mythology#The_Dream_of_Macsen_Wledig" title="Welsh mythology">The Dream of Macsen Wledig</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Englynion_y_Beddau" title="Englynion y Beddau">Englynion y Beddau</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giants_(Welsh_folklore)" title="Giants (Welsh folklore)">Giant tales</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lludd_and_Llefelys" title="Lludd and Llefelys">Lludd and Llefelys</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#c1e6c1;;width:1%">Characters</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afaon_fab_Taliesin" title="Afaon fab Taliesin">Afaon fab Taliesin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amaethon" title="Amaethon">Amaethon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arawn" title="Arawn">Arawn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arianrhod" title="Arianrhod">Arianrhod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King_Arthur" title="King Arthur">Arthur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afallach" title="Afallach">Afallach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beli_Mawr" title="Beli Mawr">Beli Mawr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bleiddwn" title="Bleiddwn">Bleiddwn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blodeuwedd" title="Blodeuwedd">Blodeuwedd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bedivere" title="Bedivere">Bedwyr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Br%C3%A2n_the_Blessed" title="Brân the Blessed">Bendigeidfran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Branwen" title="Branwen">Branwen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sir_Kay" title="Sir Kay">Cai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caradog_ap_Bran" title="Caradog ap Bran">Caradog ap Bran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cassivellaunus" title="Cassivellaunus">Caswallawn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceridwen" title="Ceridwen">Ceridwen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cigfa" title="Cigfa">Cigfa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Creiddylad" title="Creiddylad">Creiddylad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culhwch" title="Culhwch">Culhwch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyhyraeth" title="Cyhyraeth">Cyhyraeth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyledr_Wyllt" title="Cyledr Wyllt">Cyledr Wyllt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cymidei_Cymeinfoll" title="Cymidei Cymeinfoll">Cymidei Cymeinfoll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cynon_ap_Clydno" title="Cynon ap Clydno">Cynon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%B4n" title="Dôn">Dôn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drudwas_ap_Tryffin" title="Drudwas ap Tryffin">Drudwas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dylan_ail_Don" title="Dylan ail Don">Dylan ail Don</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dywel_fab_Erbin" title="Dywel fab Erbin">Dywel fab Erbin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edern_ap_Nudd" title="Edern ap Nudd">Edern ap Nudd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Efnysien" title="Efnysien">Efnysien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Elen" title="Saint Elen">Elen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elffin_ap_Gwyddno" title="Elffin ap Gwyddno">Elffin ap Gwyddno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eliwlod" title="Eliwlod">Eliwlod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eufydd_fab_D%C3%B4n" title="Eufydd fab Dôn">Eufydd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euroswydd" title="Euroswydd">Euroswydd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geraint" title="Geraint">Geraint</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilfaethwy" title="Gilfaethwy">Gilfaethwy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glewlwyd_Gafaelfawr" title="Glewlwyd Gafaelfawr">Glewlwyd Gafaelfawr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goewin" title="Goewin">Goewin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gofannon" title="Gofannon">Gofannon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goreu_fab_Custennin" title="Goreu fab Custennin">Goreu fab Custennin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gronw_Pebr" title="Gronw Pebr">Gronw Pebr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gwawl" title="Gwawl">Gwawl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gwern" title="Gwern">Gwern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gwrhyr_Gwalstawd_Ieithoedd" title="Gwrhyr Gwalstawd Ieithoedd">Gwrhyr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gwyddno_Garanhir" title="Gwyddno Garanhir">Gwyddno Garanhir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gwydion" title="Gwydion">Gwydion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gwyn_ap_Nudd" title="Gwyn ap Nudd">Gwyn ap Nudd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gwythyr_ap_Greidawl" title="Gwythyr ap Greidawl">Gwythyr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gawain" title="Gawain">Gwalchmei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hafgan" title="Hafgan">Hafgan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hefeydd" title="Hefeydd">Hefeydd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hueil_mab_Caw" title="Hueil mab Caw">Hueil mab Caw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hychddwn" title="Hychddwn">Hychddwn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyddwn" title="Hyddwn">Hyddwn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iddog_ap_Mynio" title="Iddog ap Mynio">Iddog ap Mynio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idris_Gawr" title="Idris Gawr">Idris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Llefelys" title="Llefelys">Llefelys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lleu_Llaw_Gyffes" title="Lleu Llaw Gyffes">Lleu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ll%C5%B7r" title="Llŷr">Llŷr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lludd_Llaw_Eraint" title="Lludd Llaw Eraint">Lludd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Llwyd_ap_Cil_Coed" title="Llwyd ap Cil Coed">Llwyd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mabon_ap_Modron" title="Mabon ap Modron">Mabon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madoc_ap_Uthyr" title="Madoc ap Uthyr">Madoc ap Uthyr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnus_Maximus" title="Magnus Maximus">Macsen Wledig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mallt-y-Nos" title="Mallt-y-Nos">Mallt-y-Nos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manawydan" title="Manawydan">Manawydan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Math_fab_Mathonwy" title="Math fab Mathonwy">Math</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matholwch" title="Matholwch">Matholwch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menw" title="Menw">Menw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modron" title="Modron">Modron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morfydd" title="Morfydd">Morfydd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morfran" title="Morfran">Morfran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merlin" title="Merlin">Myrddin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nisien" title="Nisien">Nisien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olwen" title="Olwen">Olwen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penarddun" title="Penarddun">Penarddun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penpingion" class="mw-redirect" title="Penpingion">Penpingion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peredur" title="Peredur">Peredur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pryderi" title="Pryderi">Pryderi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pwyll" title="Pwyll">Pwyll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhiannon" title="Rhiannon">Rhiannon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Cyllin" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint Cyllin">Saint Cyllin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Eigen" title="Saint Eigen">Saint Eigen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanddef" title="Sanddef">Sanddef</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seithenyn" title="Seithenyn">Seithenyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taliesin" title="Taliesin">Taliesin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tegid_Foel" title="Tegid Foel">Tegid Foel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teyrnon" title="Teyrnon">Teyrnon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ysbaddaden" title="Ysbaddaden">Ysbaddaden</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#c1e6c1;;width:1%">Animals and<br />creatures</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adar_Llwch_Gwin" title="Adar Llwch Gwin">Adar Llwch Gwin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adar_Rhiannon" title="Adar Rhiannon">Adar Rhiannon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aderyn_y_Corff" title="Aderyn y Corff">Aderyn y Corff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afanc" title="Afanc">Afanc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brenin_Llwyd" title="Brenin Llwyd">Brenin Llwyd</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cavall (Cafall, Cabal)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceffyl_D%C5%B5r" title="Ceffyl Dŵr">Ceffyl Dŵr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giants_(Welsh_folklore)" title="Giants (Welsh folklore)">Cewri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coblyn" title="Coblyn">Coblyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coraniaid" title="Coraniaid">Coraniaid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C%C5%B5n_Annwn" title="Cŵn Annwn">Cŵn Annwn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyhyraeth" title="Cyhyraeth">Cyhyraeth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dragon" title="Dragon">Dreigiau</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_Dragon" title="Welsh Dragon">Red</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_dragon" title="White dragon">White</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gwragedd_Annwn" title="Gwragedd Annwn">Gwragedd Annwn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gwyllgi" title="Gwyllgi">Gwyllgi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gwyllion" title="Gwyllion">Gwyllion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Llamhigyn_y_D%C5%B5r" title="Llamhigyn y Dŵr">Llamhigyn y Dŵr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morgen_(mythological_creature)" title="Morgen (mythological creature)">Morgens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Changeling#Wales" title="Changeling">Plentyn Newid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P%C3%BAca" title="Púca">Pwca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twrch_Trwyth" title="Twrch Trwyth">Twrch Trwyth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tylwyth_Teg" title="Tylwyth Teg">Tylwyth Teg</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#c1e6c1;;width:1%">Locations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Annwn" title="Annwn">Annwn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornwall" title="Cornwall">Cornwall</a> (<a href="/wiki/Celliwig" title="Celliwig">Celliwig</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caer_Sidi" title="Caer Sidi">Caer Sidi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cantre%27r_Gwaelod" title="Cantre'r Gwaelod">Cantre'r Gwaelod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dyfed" title="Dyfed">Dyfed</a> (<a href="/wiki/Narberth,_Pembrokeshire" title="Narberth, Pembrokeshire">Arberth</a>, <a href="/wiki/Grassholm" title="Grassholm">Gwales</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gwynedd" title="Gwynedd">Gwynedd</a> (<a href="/wiki/Aberffraw" title="Aberffraw">Aberffraw</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cantref_Arfon" class="mw-redirect" title="Cantref Arfon">Arfon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ardudwy" title="Ardudwy">Ardudwy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Caer_Dathyl" class="mw-redirect" title="Caer Dathyl">Caer Dathyl</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ireland" title="Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ludgate" title="Ludgate">Ludgate</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#c1e6c1;;width:1%">Items</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cross_of_Neith" title="Cross of Neith">Cross of Neith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Excalibur" title="Excalibur">Excalibur</a> (Caledfwlch)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pair_Dadeni" title="Pair Dadeni">Cauldron of rebirth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Llech_Ronw" title="Llech Ronw">Llech Ronw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thirteen_Treasures_of_the_Island_of_Britain" title="Thirteen Treasures of the Island of Britain">Thirteen Treasures of the Island of Britain</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img 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