Bearberry | The Canadian Encyclopedia

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Flexible, rooting branches grow up to 2 m long, are covered with reddish, shreddy bark and bear alternate, dark green, oval leaves. </div> <div class="article-content-body"> <div id="article-content-def"> <div><img src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/thumbnails/bc44bde8-f751-4d79-8815-8fdc2d451bdc.jpg" title='Bearberry' alt='Bearberry' /><figcaption>Bearberry grows across Canada on dry sandy soils and is valuable as ground cover for checking erosion on watersheds (artwork by Claire Tremblay).</figcaption></div> <p> <span style="background-color: initial;">Bearberry, or kinnickinnick, trailing, evergreen shrub of heather family. Flexible, rooting branches grow up to 2 m long, are covered with reddish, shreddy bark and bear alternate, dark green, oval leaves. Small, waxy, urn-shaped flowers are white or pink, tipped with red. They grow in small clusters at branch ends, in late spring and early summer, and develop into bright red, fleshy fruits. The genus name, </span><em style="background-color: initial;">Arctostaphylos</em><span style="background-color: initial;">, derives from Greek </span><em style="background-color: initial;">arctos</em><span style="background-color: initial;">, "bear," </span><em style="background-color: initial;">staphylos</em><span style="background-color: initial;">, "bunch of grapes"; species name, </span><em style="background-color: initial;">uva-ursi</em><span style="background-color: initial;">, from Latin </span><em style="background-color: initial;">uva</em><span style="background-color: initial;">, "bunch of grapes," </span><em style="background-color: initial;">ursus</em><span style="background-color: initial;">, "bear" - literally "bearberry, berry-bear."</span> </p> <p> Bearberry grows across Canada on dry sandy soils (often called sandberry), but is also found on gravel terraces, sand dunes and in the boreal forest, and is valuable as ground cover for checking erosion on watersheds. It is less common above the <a href="/article/treeline/">treeline</a>. Kinnickinnick [Algonquian, "that which is mixed"] leaves were combined with tobacco and smoked by Blackfoot and other native groups in religious ceremonies. </p> <p> Bearberry extract has a high content of tannic and gallic acids which make it an astringent. It also contains arbutin, which becomes a germicide in the renal tract. The Thompson tribe of BC used it for kidney diseases, and the Blackfoot made an infusion for sore gums, and salve for skin diseases. </p> </div> </div> <div id="def" class="article-content-body hide"></div> </div> <div id="article-definitions"> <definitions route="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/json/define" id="bearberry"></definitions> </div> <div class="article-widget widget-adsense"> <script async src="//pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js"></script> <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display:inline-block;width:468px;height:60px" data-ad-client="ca-pub-3964766461879185" data-ad-slot="1946780682"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> </div> <h3 class="article-widget-title">Interested in plants?</h3> <p> <a href="http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/collection/botany/"><img src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/widgets_collections/Botany%20Collection%20EN.jpg" style="opacity: 1;" alt=""></a> </p> </article> </main> <div id="modal-overlay" class="overlay"></div> <div id="article-image" class="article-img-modal" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="article-modal-title"> <button class="article-img-modal__close" aria-label="close image modal"></button> <div id="js-article-modal-image" class="article-img-modal__container"> <div class="image-container"> <img class="article-img-modal__img" src="" alt=""> </div> <div class="text-container"> <span role="heading" aria-level="3" id="article-modal-title" class="article-img-modal__title"></span> <span class="article-img-modal__description"></span> <span class="article-img-modal__creator"></span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="main-grid article-related"> <div class="article-related-two-column main-grid__content--wide"> <h3 class="article-related-two-column__title">External Links</h3> <ul class="article-related-two-column__list"> <li class="article-related-two-column__list__item"><p> <a href="http://www.theplantlist.org/"><strong>The Plant List </strong>Search this online database for information about one million plant species from around the world. 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